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Qian Z, Lu L, Zihan W, Qianyue B, Chungang Z, Shuheng Z, Jiali P, Jiaxin Y, Shuang Z, Jian W. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) improves salinity stress tolerance in soybean seedlings by modulating their mineral nutrition, osmolyte contents, and ascorbate-glutathione cycle. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:365. [PMID: 38706002 PMCID: PMC11071273 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05023-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In plants, GABA plays a critical role in regulating salinity stress tolerance. However, the response of soybean seedlings (Glycine max L.) to exogenous gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) under saline stress conditions has not been fully elucidated. RESULTS This study investigated the effects of exogenous GABA (2 mM) on plant biomass and the physiological mechanism through which soybean plants are affected by saline stress conditions (0, 40, and 80 mM of NaCl and Na2SO4 at a 1:1 molar ratio). We noticed that increased salinity stress negatively impacted the growth and metabolism of soybean seedlings, compared to control. The root-stem-leaf biomass (27- and 33%, 20- and 58%, and 25- and 59% under 40- and 80 mM stress, respectively]) and the concentration of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b significantly decreased. Moreover, the carotenoid content increased significantly (by 35%) following treatment with 40 mM stress. The results exhibited significant increase in the concentration of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA), dehydroascorbic acid (DHA) oxidized glutathione (GSSG), Na+, and Cl- under 40- and 80 mM stress levels, respectively. However, the concentration of mineral nutrients, soluble proteins, and soluble sugars reduced significantly under both salinity stress levels. In contrast, the proline and glycine betaine concentrations increased compared with those in the control group. Moreover, the enzymatic activities of ascorbate peroxidase, monodehydroascorbate reductase, glutathione reductase, and glutathione peroxidase decreased significantly, while those of superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, and dehydroascorbate reductase increased following saline stress, indicating the overall sensitivity of the ascorbate-glutathione cycle (AsA-GSH). However, exogenous GABA decreased Na+, Cl-, H2O2, and MDA concentration but enhanced photosynthetic pigments, mineral nutrients (K+, K+/Na+ ratio, Zn2+, Fe2+, Mg2+, and Ca2+); osmolytes (proline, glycine betaine, soluble sugar, and soluble protein); enzymatic antioxidant activities; and AsA-GSH pools, thus reducing salinity-associated stress damage and resulting in improved growth and biomass. The positive impact of exogenously applied GABA on soybean plants could be attributed to its ability to improve their physiological stress response mechanisms and reduce harmful substances. CONCLUSION Applying GABA to soybean plants could be an effective strategy for mitigating salinity stress. In the future, molecular studies may contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms by which GABA regulates salt tolerance in soybeans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Qian
- School of Life Sciences, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, 130032, China
| | - Liu Lu
- School of Agriculture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China
| | - Wei Zihan
- School of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Bai Qianyue
- School of Agriculture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China
| | - Zhao Chungang
- School of Agriculture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China
| | - Zhang Shuheng
- School of Agriculture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China
| | - Pan Jiali
- School of Life Sciences, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, 130032, China
| | - Yu Jiaxin
- School of Life Sciences, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, 130032, China
| | - Zhang Shuang
- School of Life Sciences, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, 130032, China
| | - Wei Jian
- School of Life Sciences, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, 130032, China.
- School of Agriculture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China.
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Sharma M, Tisarum R, Kohli RK, Batish DR, Cha-Um S, Singh HP. Inroads into saline-alkaline stress response in plants: unravelling morphological, physiological, biochemical, and molecular mechanisms. PLANTA 2024; 259:130. [PMID: 38647733 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-024-04368-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION This article discusses the complex network of ion transporters, genes, microRNAs, and transcription factors that regulate crop tolerance to saline-alkaline stress. The framework aids scientists produce stress-tolerant crops for smart agriculture. Salinity and alkalinity are frequently coexisting abiotic limitations that have emerged as archetypal mediators of low yield in many semi-arid and arid regions throughout the world. Saline-alkaline stress, which occurs in an environment with high concentrations of salts and a high pH, negatively impacts plant metabolism to a greater extent than either stress alone. Of late, saline stress has been the focus of the majority of investigations, and saline-alkaline mixed studies are largely lacking. Therefore, a thorough understanding and integration of how plants and crops rewire metabolic pathways to repair damage caused by saline-alkaline stress is of particular interest. This review discusses the multitude of resistance mechanisms that plants develop to cope with saline-alkaline stress, including morphological and physiological adaptations as well as molecular regulation. We examine the role of various ion transporters, transcription factors (TFs), differentially expressed genes (DEGs), microRNAs (miRNAs), or quantitative trait loci (QTLs) activated under saline-alkaline stress in achieving opportunistic modes of growth, development, and survival. The review provides a background for understanding the transport of micronutrients, specifically iron (Fe), in conditions of iron deficiency produced by high pH. Additionally, it discusses the role of calcium in enhancing stress tolerance. The review highlights that to encourage biomolecular architects to reconsider molecular responses as auxiliary for developing tolerant crops and raising crop production, it is essential to (a) close the major gaps in our understanding of saline-alkaline resistance genes, (b) identify and take into account crop-specific responses, and (c) target stress-tolerant genes to specific crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansi Sharma
- Department of Environment Studies, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160 014, India
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Sharda School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida, 201310, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rujira Tisarum
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Thailand Science Park, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Ravinder Kumar Kohli
- Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
- Amity University, Mohali Campus, Sector 82A, Mohali, 140306, Punjab, India
| | - Daizy R Batish
- Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Suriyan Cha-Um
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Thailand Science Park, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Harminder Pal Singh
- Department of Environment Studies, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160 014, India.
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Mohammadi H, Abdollahi-Bastam S, Aghaee A, Ghorbanpour M. Foliar-applied silicate potassium modulates growth, phytochemical, and physiological traits in Cichorium intybus L. under salinity stress. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:288. [PMID: 38627611 PMCID: PMC11020321 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05015-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
One of the major problems endangering plant growth and productivity worldwide is salt stress. This study aimed to assess the effects of potassium silicate (K2O3Si) on the physical, biochemical, and morphological characteristics of chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) under various levels of salinity stress. The plants were treated with K2O3Si at concentrations of 0, 1, 2, and 3 mM and cultivated under different salt stress conditions (0, 80, 160, and 240 mM NaCl). The findings revealed that salt stress led to decreased root and shoot dry weights, Fv/Fm ratio, chlorophyll a, b, and total chlorophyll, as well as inulin contents. However, foliar exposure to K2O3Si at all salinity levels resulted in improvements in the measured traits. As salinity levels increased, there was a corresponding increase in the accumulation of sodium ions (Na+) and a sharp reduction in potassium ions (K +) in the shoot. Nonetheless, treatment with K2O3Si caused a decrease in Na + accumulation and an improvement in K+ content under all salinity levels. Carotenoid content increased under 80 mM salinity stress, but decreased with higher salinity levels. Application of K2O3Si at all levels resulted in increased carotenoid content under salinity stress conditions. The content of MDA increased significantly with increasing salinity stress, particularly at 240 mM. However, foliar spraying with K2O3Si significantly decreased MDA content at all salinity levels. Salinity stress up to 160 mM increased the total phenol, flavonoid, and anthocyanin contents, while 240 mM NaCl decreased the biosynthesis of phytochemicals. Additionally, the use of K2O3Si increased the content of total phenol, flavonoid, and anthocyanin at all salt levels. Foliar application of K2O3Si increased the tolerance of chicory plants to salinity stress by reducing MDA and increasing phenolic compounds and potassium content. These results suggest that exogenous K2O3Si can be a practical strategy to improve the growth and yield of chicory plants exposed to saline environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Mohammadi
- Faculty of Agriculture, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran.
| | | | - Ahmad Aghaee
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Mansour Ghorbanpour
- Department of Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Arak University, Arak, 38156-8-8349, Iran
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Li M, Guo P, Nan N, Ma A, Liu W, Wang TJ, Yun DJ, Xu ZY. Plasma membrane-localized H +-ATPase OsAHA3 functions in saline-alkaline stress tolerance in rice. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2023; 43:9. [PMID: 38133824 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-023-03103-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE A novel function of plasma membrane-localized H+-ATPase, OsAHA3, was identified in rice, which is involved in saline-alkaline tolerance and specifically responds to high pH during saline-alkaline stress. Saline-alkaline stress causes serious damage to crop production on irrigated land. Plants suffer more severe damage under saline-alkaline stress than under salinity stress alone. Plasma membrane-localized proton (H+) pump (H+-ATPase) is an important enzyme that controls plant growth and development by catalyzing H+ efflux and enabling effective charge balance. Many studies about the role of plasma membrane H+-ATPases in saline-alkaline stress tolerance have been reported in Arabidopsis, especially on the AtAHA2 (Arabidopsis thaliana H+-ATPase 2) gene; however, whether and how plasma membrane H+-ATPases play a role in saline-alkaline stress tolerance in rice remain unknown. Here, using the activation-tagged rice mutant pool, we found that the plasma membrane-localized H+-ATPase OsAHA3 (Oryza sativa autoinhibited H+-ATPase 3) is involved in saline-alkaline stress tolerance. Activation-tagged line 29 (AC29) was identified as a loss-of-function mutant of OsAHA3 and showed more severe growth retardation under saline-alkaline stress with high pH than under salinity stress. Moreover, osaha3 loss-of-function mutants generated by CRISPR/Cas9 system exhibited saline-alkaline stress sensitive phenotypes; staining of leaves with nitrotetrazolium blue chloride (NBT) and diaminobenzidine (DAB) revealed more reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation in osaha3 mutants. OsAHA3-overexpressing plants showed increased saline-alkaline stress tolerance than wild-type plants. Tissue-specific expression analysis revealed high expression level of OsAHA3 in leaf, sheath, glume, and panicle. Overall, our results revealed a novel function of plasma membrane-localized H+-ATPase, OsAHA3, which is involved in saline-alkaline stress tolerance and specifically responds to high pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengting Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Peng Guo
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Nan Nan
- College of Plant Protection, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Ao Ma
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Wenxin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Tian-Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Dae-Jin Yun
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Zheng-Yi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China.
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Cao K, Sun Y, Zhang X, Zhao Y, Bian J, Zhu H, Wang P, Gao B, Sun X, Hu M, Guo Y, Wang X. The miRNA-mRNA regulatory networks of the response to NaHCO 3 stress in industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.). BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:509. [PMID: 37875794 PMCID: PMC10594861 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04463-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Industrial hemp is an important industrial crop and has strong resistance to saline-alkaline stress. However, research on the industrial hemp response to NaHCO3 stress is limited. Therefore, the response mechanisms of industrial hemp under NaHCO3 stress were analysed through miRNA-mRNA regulatory networks. RESULTS Seedlings of two salt-alkali tolerant and sensitive varieties were cultured in a solution containing 100 mM NaHCO3 and randomly sampled at 0, 6, 12, and 24 h. With prolonged NaHCO3 stress, the seedlings gradually withered, and the contents of jasmonic acid, lignin, trehalose, soluble protein, peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase in the roots increased significantly. The abscisic acid content decreased and then gradually increased. Overall, 18,215 mRNAs and 74 miRNAs were identified as differentially expressed under NaHCO3 stress. The network showed that 230 miRNA-mRNA interactions involved 16 miRNAs and 179 mRNAs, including some key hub novel mRNAs of these crucial pathways. Carbon metabolism, starch, sucrose metabolism, plant hormone signal transduction, and the spliceosome (SPL) were crucial pathways in industrial hemp's response to NaHCO3 stress. CONCLUSIONS It is speculated that industrial hemp can regulate SPL pathway by upregulating miRNAs such as novel_miR_179 and novel_miR_75, thus affecting starch and sucrose metabolism, plant hormone signal transduction and carbon metabolism and improving key physiological indices such as jasmonic acid content, trehalose content, and peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activities under NaHCO3 stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Cao
- Daqing Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang BaYi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yufeng Sun
- Daqing Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- Daqing Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Daqing Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jing Bian
- Daqing Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hao Zhu
- Daqing Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Pan Wang
- Daqing Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Baochang Gao
- Daqing Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiaoli Sun
- Heilongjiang BaYi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang, China
- National Coarse Cereal Engineering Research Center, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjaing Province Cultivating Collaborative Innovation Center for The Beidahuang Modern Agricultural Industry Technology, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Ming Hu
- Daqing Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yongxia Guo
- Heilongjiang BaYi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang, China.
- National Coarse Cereal Engineering Research Center, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang, China.
- Heilongjaing Province Cultivating Collaborative Innovation Center for The Beidahuang Modern Agricultural Industry Technology, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Xiaonan Wang
- Daqing Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang, China.
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Hafeez A, Ali B, Javed MA, Saleem A, Fatima M, Fathi A, Afridi MS, Aydin V, Oral MA, Soudy FA. Plant breeding for harmony between sustainable agriculture, the environment, and global food security: an era of genomics-assisted breeding. PLANTA 2023; 258:97. [PMID: 37823963 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-023-04252-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION Genomics-assisted breeding represents a crucial frontier in enhancing the balance between sustainable agriculture, environmental preservation, and global food security. Its precision and efficiency hold the promise of developing resilient crops, reducing resource utilization, and safeguarding biodiversity, ultimately fostering a more sustainable and secure food production system. Agriculture has been seriously threatened over the last 40 years by climate changes that menace global nutrition and food security. Changes in environmental factors like drought, salt concentration, heavy rainfalls, and extremely low or high temperatures can have a detrimental effects on plant development, growth, and yield. Extreme poverty and increasing food demand necessitate the need to break the existing production barriers in several crops. The first decade of twenty-first century marks the rapid development in the discovery of new plant breeding technologies. In contrast, in the second decade, the focus turned to extracting information from massive genomic frameworks, speculating gene-to-phenotype associations, and producing resilient crops. In this review, we will encompass the causes, effects of abiotic stresses and how they can be addressed using plant breeding technologies. Both conventional and modern breeding technologies will be highlighted. Moreover, the challenges like the commercialization of biotechnological products faced by proponents and developers will also be accentuated. The crux of this review is to mention the available breeding technologies that can deliver crops with high nutrition and climate resilience for sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aqsa Hafeez
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Baber Ali
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Ammar Javed
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Aroona Saleem
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Mahreen Fatima
- Faculty of Biosciences, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Amin Fathi
- Department of Agronomy, Ayatollah Amoli Branch, Islamic Azad University, Amol, 46151, Iran
| | - Muhammad Siddique Afridi
- Department of Plant Pathology, Federal University of Lavras (UFLA), Lavras, MG, 37200-900, Brazil
| | - Veysel Aydin
- Sason Vocational School, Department of Plant and Animal Production, Batman University, Batman, 72060, Turkey
| | - Mükerrem Atalay Oral
- Elmalı Vocational School of Higher Education, Akdeniz University, Antalya, 07058, Turkey
| | - Fathia A Soudy
- Genetics and Genetic Engineering Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Moshtohor, 13736, Egypt
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Wang L, Tang X, Liu X, Zhang J. Active permanent greening - a new slope greening technology based on mineral solubilizing microorganisms. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1219139. [PMID: 37711299 PMCID: PMC10498118 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1219139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Introduction With social and economic development and the associated large-scale exploitation of natural resources, the number of slopes has significantly increased. As slope instability can lead to serious geological disasters, the ecological protection and reconstruction of slopes has become a hot topic of common global concern. Methods In order to achieve scientific slope management and overcome the difficulty of maintaining slope greening in the long term, this study explored eight strategies (A, B, C, AB, AC, BC, ABC, CK), involving different patented mineral solubilizing microorganisms (MSMs), and analyzed the field application of active permanent greening (APG) based on MSMs. Results The results revealed that MSMs significantly increased the content of effective metal ions and available nutrients in soil and enhanced soil enzyme activity. Among all strategies, strategy A showed significant superiority, with soil effective calcium, magnesium, potassium, nitrogen, phosphorus and organic matter contents increasing by 51.62%, 55.41%, 30.42%, 39.77%, 181.69% and 76.92%, respectively, while urease, sucrase and peroxidase activities increased by 89.59%, 74.68% and 85.30%. MSMs strongly promoted the growth of Amorpha. Strategy A showed the best performance, with plant seedling height, ground diameter, leaf area, root length, and root volume increasing by 95.75%, 47.78%, 124.14%, 108.83%, and 139. 86%, respectively. According to a comprehensive evaluation using the entropy-analysis hierarchy process, strategy A has great potential for application. The field test results verified that APG has significantly better greening performance than the traditional greening method, with high vegetation cover and stable soil layer. Discussion The results of this study provide a reliable practical basis and technical reference for the development, promotion, and application of APG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingjian Wang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Restoration, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinggang Tang
- Jiangxi Institute of Land Space Survey and Planning, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Technology Innovation Center for Land Spatial Eco-protection and Restoration in Great Lakes Basin, MNR, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Restoration, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinchi Zhang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Restoration, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Mishra SK, Misra S, Dixit VK, Kar S, Chauhan PS. Ochrobactrum sp. NBRISH6 Inoculation Enhances Zea mays Productivity, Mitigating Soil Alkalinity and Plant Immune Response. Curr Microbiol 2023; 80:328. [PMID: 37620623 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-023-03441-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Intensifying sodic land characterized by high alkaline pH is an incipient environmental hazard-limiting agricultural potential. In this study, we investigated the effects of plant growth-promoting bacteria Ochrobactrum sp. strain NBRISH6 on the growth and physiology of maize (Zea mays L.) grown under alkaline stress at two soil pH levels. Additionally, we also studied the effects of NBRISH6 on soil fertility parameters. A greenhouse experiment was designed using two live soils (pH 8.2 and 10.2) in earthen pots using maize as a host. Results revealed a significant increase in plant growth and a decrease in defense enzymes in both soil types due to NBRISH6 inoculation as compared to non-treated control. Furthermore, activities of all soil enzymes along with bacterial diversity increased in NBRISH6 treatment under normal as well as stressed conditions. In addition, field evaluation of NBRISH6 inoculation using maize was carried out under normal and alkaline conditions, which resulted in significant enhancement of all vegetative parameters as compared to respective controls. Therefore, the study suggested that Ochrobactrum sp. NBRISH6 can be used to develop a bioinoculant formulation to ameliorate abiotic stresses and enhanced crop productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashank Kumar Mishra
- Microbial Technologies Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001, India
| | - Sankalp Misra
- Microbial Technologies Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001, India
- Faculty of Biosciences, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Shri Ramswaroop Memorial University, Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow-Deva Road, Barabanki, 225003, India
| | - Vijay Kant Dixit
- Microbial Technologies Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001, India
| | - Srishti Kar
- Microbial Technologies Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001, India
| | - Puneet Singh Chauhan
- Microbial Technologies Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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Ali E, Hussain S, Jalal F, Khan MA, Imtiaz M, Said F, Ismail M, Khan S, Ali HM, Hatamleh AA, Al-Dosary MA, Mosa WFA, Shah F. Salicylic acid-mitigates abiotic stress tolerance via altering defense mechanisms in Brassica napus (L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1187260. [PMID: 37564391 PMCID: PMC10411897 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1187260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Under the changing climate due to global warming, various abiotic stresses including drought (D) and salinity (S) are expected to further trigger their devastating effects on the already vulnerable crop production systems. This experiment was designed to unravel and quantify the potential role of exogenous application of salicylic acid (SA) in mitigating both D and S stresses and their combination (D+S), with three replications using CRD (Completely Randomized Design). The obtained results of the current study demonstrated significant effects of all three types of stresses (D, S, and D+S) on various parameters in Brassica napus plants. Quantifying these parameters provides a more informative and precise understanding of the findings. Current results revealed that all three stress types (D, S, and D+S) resulted in a reduction in leaf area (13.65 to 21.87%), chlorophyll levels (30 to 50%), gaseous exchange rate (30 to 54%) and the concentration of mineral ions compared to non-stressed plants. However, application of SA helped in mitigating these stresses by ameliorating the negative effects of these stresses. Moreover, Malondialdehyde (MDA) contents, an indicator of lipid per-oxidation and oxidative stress, the levels of antioxidants, proline content, an osmolyte associated with stress tolerance, and sugar content in the leaves were elevated in response to all stress conditions. In addition, the ultra-structures within the leaves were negatively affected by the stresses, while an application of SA considerably minimized the deterioration of these structures thus providing protection to the brassica plants against the stresses. In a nutshell, the findings of this study suggest that SA application in S, D and S+ D stresses provides evasion to the plants by improving different physiological and growth indices. The application of Salicylic Acid (SA) mitigated the negative effects of the stresses on all the above parameters, reducing MDA contents (47%), antioxidants (11 to 20%), proline (28%), sugar contents (20.50%), and minimizing the deterioration of ultra-structures. The findings emphasize the potential mitigatory role of SA in mitigating D and S stresses and highlight the need for further research to understand the underlying mechanisms in detail and explore its practical application in farming practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Essa Ali
- Institute of Plant Genetics and Developmental Biology, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Sayed Hussain
- Department of Horticulture, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, KP, Pakistan
| | - Fazal Jalal
- Department of Agronomy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, KP, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ali Khan
- Department of Horticulture, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, KP, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Imtiaz
- Department of Horticulture, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, KP, Pakistan
| | - Fazal Said
- Department of Entomology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, KP, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ismail
- Department of Horticulture, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, KP, Pakistan
| | - Salman Khan
- Department of Horticulture, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, KP, Pakistan
| | - Hayssam M. Ali
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashraf Atef Hatamleh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Walid F. A. Mosa
- Plant Production Department (Horticulture-Pomology) Faculty of Agriculture, Saba Basha, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Farooq Shah
- Department of Agronomy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, KP, Pakistan
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10
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Sumbal S, Ali A, Nasser Binjawhar D, Ullah Z, Eldin SM, Iqbal R, Sher H, Ali I. Comparative Effects of Hydropriming and Iron Priming on Germination and Seedling Morphophysiological Attributes of Stay-Green Wheat. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:23078-23088. [PMID: 37396271 PMCID: PMC10308549 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Seed priming is considered to play an essential role in the overall improvement of agricultural crops. The current research work was carried out in order to investigate the comparative effects of hydropriming and iron priming on the germination behavior and morphophysiological attributes of wheat seedlings. The experimental materials consisted of three wheat genotypes including a synthetically derived wheat line (SD-194), stay-green wheat genotype (Chirya-7), and conventional wheat variety (Chakwal-50). The treatments included hydro (distilled and tap water)- and iron priming (10 and 50 mM) of wheat seeds for 12 h duration. Results indicated that both priming treatment and wheat genotypes exhibited highly different germination and seedling characteristics. These included germination percentage, root volume, root surface, root length, relative water content, chlorophyll content, membrane stability index, and chlorophyll fluorescence attributes. Furthermore, the synthetically derived line (SD-194) was the most promising in majority of the studied attributes by exhibiting a high germination index (2.21%), root fresh weight (7.76%), shoot dry weight (3.36%), relative water content (19.9%), chlorophyll content (7.58%), and photochemical quenching coefficient (2.58%) when compared with stay-green wheat (Chirya-7). The study also found that hydropriming with tap water and priming wheat seeds with low concentrations of iron yielded better results when a comparison was made with wheat seeds primed at high concentrations of iron. Therefore, wheat seed priming with tap water and iron solution for 12 h is recommended for optimum wheat improvement. Furthermore, current findings suggest that seed priming may have the prospect of an innovative and user-friendly approach for wheat biofortification with the aim of enhanced iron acquisition and accumulation in grains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumbal Sumbal
- Center
for Plant Sciences and Biodiversity, University
of Swat, Charbagh 19120, Pakistan
| | - Ahmad Ali
- Center
for Plant Sciences and Biodiversity, University
of Swat, Charbagh 19120, Pakistan
| | - Dalal Nasser Binjawhar
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess
Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zahid Ullah
- Center
for Plant Sciences and Biodiversity, University
of Swat, Charbagh 19120, Pakistan
| | - Sayed M. Eldin
- Center
of Research, Faculty of Engineering, Future
University in Egypt, New Cairo 18939, Egypt
| | - Rashid Iqbal
- Department
of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Hassan Sher
- Center
for Plant Sciences and Biodiversity, University
of Swat, Charbagh 19120, Pakistan
| | - Iftikhar Ali
- Center
for Plant Sciences and Biodiversity, University
of Swat, Charbagh 19120, Pakistan
- Department
of Genetics and Development, Columbia University
Irving Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, United States
- School of
Life Sciences & Center of Novel Biomaterials, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
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11
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Zhou L, Liu W, Duan H, Dong H, Li J, Zhang S, Zhang J, Ding S, Xu T, Guo B. Improved effects of combined application of nitrogen-fixing bacteria Azotobacter beijerinckii and microalgae Chlorella pyrenoidosa on wheat growth and saline-alkali soil quality. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 313:137409. [PMID: 36457265 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinization seriously affects crop yield and soil productivity. The application of bacteria and microalgae has been considered as a promising strategy to alleviate soil salinization. However, the effect of bacteria-microalgae symbiosis on saline-alkali land is still unclear. This study evaluated the effects of Azotobacter beijerinckii, Chlorella pyrenoidosa, and their combined application on the wheat growth and saline-alkali soil improvement. The results showed that, among all the treatments, A. beijerinckii + live C. pyrenoidosa combined inoculation group (BA) had the best effect on increasing wheat plant biomass, improving salt tolerance, and improving soil fertility. The dry weight of wheat plant in the BA group increased by 66.7%, 17.4%, and 35.0%, respectively, compared with the control group (CK), A. beijerinckii inoculation group (B), and live C. pyrenoidosa inoculation group (A). The total nitrogen content of wheat plant in the BA group increased by 69.5%, 76.7%, and 71.1%, compared with the CK, B, and A group. The proline content of wheat plant in the BA group was 100% higher than that in the CK group. The N/P ratio and K/Na ratio of wheat plant increased by 157% and 12.9% in the BA group compared with the CK group, respectively, which was more conducive to alleviating nitrogen limitation and salt stress. The A. beijerinckii + live C. pyrenoidosa inoculation treatment better reduced soil pH and improved the availability of phosphorus in soil. This study illustrated the comprehensive application prospects of bacteria-microalgae interactions on wheat growth promotion and soil improvement in saline-alkali land, and provided a new effective strategy for improving saline-alkali soil quality and increasing crop productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixiu Zhou
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Jinan 250014, China; Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Jinan 250014, China; Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China.
| | - Huijie Duan
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Jinan 250014, China; Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Haiwen Dong
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Jinan 250014, China; Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Jingchao Li
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Jinan 250014, China; Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Shuxi Zhang
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Jinan 250014, China; Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Shigang Ding
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Tongtong Xu
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Jinan 250014, China; Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Beibei Guo
- Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Jinan 250014, China
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12
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Rao Y, Peng T, Xue S. Mechanisms of plant saline-alkaline tolerance. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 281:153916. [PMID: 36645936 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2023.153916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Saline-alkaline soil affects crop growth and development, thereby suppressing the yields. Human activities and climate changes are putting arable land under the threat of saline-alkalization. To feed a growing global population in limited arable land, it is of great urgence to breed saline-alkaline tolerant crops to cope with food security. Plant salt-tolerance mechanisms have already been explored for decades. However, to date, the molecular mechanisms underlying plants responses to saline-alkaline stress have remained largely elusive. Here, we summarize recent advances in plant response to saline-alkaline stress and propose some points deserving of further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Rao
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Ting Peng
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Shaowu Xue
- College of Life Science and Technology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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13
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Raza T, Abbas M, Amna, Imran S, Khan MY, Rebi A, Rafie-Rad Z, Eash NS. Impact of Silicon on Plant Nutrition and Significance of Silicon Mobilizing Bacteria in Agronomic Practices. SILICON 2023; 15:3797-3817. [PMCID: PMC9876760 DOI: 10.1007/s12633-023-02302-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Globally, rejuvenation of soil health is a major concern due to the continuous loss of soil fertility and productivity. Soil degradation decreases crop yields and threatens global food security. Improper use of chemical fertilizers coupled with intensive cultivation further reduces both soil health and crop yields. Plants require several nutrients in varying ratios that are essential for the plant to complete a healthy growth and development cycle. Soil, water, and air are the sources of these essential macro- and micro-nutrients needed to complete plant vegetative and reproductive cycles. Among the essential macro-nutrients, nitrogen (N) plays a significant in non-legume species and without sufficient plant access to N lower yields result. While silicon (Si) is the 2nd most abundant element in the Earth’s crust and is the backbone of soil silicate minerals, it is an essential micro-nutrient for some plants. Silicon is just beginning to be recognized as an important micronutrient to some plant species and, while it is quite abundant, Si is often not readily available for plant uptake. The manufacturing cost of synthetic silica-based fertilizers is high, while absorption of silica is quite slow in soil for many plants. Rhizosphere biological weathering processes includes microbial solubilization processes that increase the dissolution of minerals and increases Si availability for plant uptake. Therefore, an important strategy to improve plant silicon uptake could be field application of Si-solubilizing bacteria. In this review, we evaluate the role of Si in seed germination, growth, and morphological development and crop yield under various biotic and abiotic stresses, different pools and fluxes of silicon (Si) in soil, and the bacterial genera of the silicon solubilizing microorganisms. We also elaborate on the detailed mechanisms of Si-solubilizing/mobilizing bacteria involved in silicate dissolution and uptake by a plant in soil. Last, we discuss the potential of silicon and silicon solubilizing/mobilizing to achieve environmentally friendly and sustainable crop production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taqi Raza
- Department of Biosystems Engineering & Soil Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, USA
| | | | - Amna
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Shakeel Imran
- UAF Sub Campus Burewala, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Yahya Khan
- UAF Sub Campus Burewala, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ansa Rebi
- Jianshui Research Station, School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083 China
| | - Zeinab Rafie-Rad
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Neal S. Eash
- Department of Biosystems Engineering & Soil Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, USA
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14
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Li G, Li Y, Zhu Y, Zheng W, Li M, Hu J, Fei Y, Zhu S. Exogenous application of melatonin to mitigate drought stress-induced oxidative damage in Phoebe sheareri seedlings. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15159. [PMID: 37090109 PMCID: PMC10117382 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Drought stress is a major prevalent environmental factor impairing growth. Melatonin mitigates the impacts of drought stress on plants. However, melatonin's role in Phoebe sheareri (Hemsl.) Gamble (P. sheareri) is unknown. We aimed to reveal the protective effects of melatonin on P. sheareri seedlings under drought conditions. Methods Melatonin was sprayed under drought or normal water conditions. The parameters, including growth, physiological factors, and phytohormones of P. sheareri, were examined. Results Compared to the normal control group, drought stress inhibited the growth of seedlings and significantly reduced the content of carotenoids, SOD, POD, APX, PPO, CAT, GR, and soluble sugars, and increased the contents of MDA, O2 •-, proline, soluble proteins, ABA, and JA-Me in P. sheareri seedlings. However, melatonin treatment significantly reversed the adverse drought-induced responses and promoted the P. sheareri seedling's growth. Moreover, the heatmap and principal component analysis suggested a high similarity in the behavior patterns of the six measured antioxidant enzymes in P. sheareri seedlings. Conclusion Our study reported for the first time that melatonin has a protective role in P. sheareri seedlings under drought-stress conditions. This role is related to ROS scavenging, activation of antioxidant enzymes, and crosstalk of phytohormones. This study provided a theoretical basis for improving the ability of P. sheareri adapted to arid environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guifang Li
- College of Tourism & Landscape Architecture, Guilin University of Technology/College of Plant and Ecological Engineering, Guilin, China
| | - Yanzhen Li
- College of Tourism & Landscape Architecture, Guilin University of Technology/College of Plant and Ecological Engineering, Guilin, China
| | - Yuzi Zhu
- College of Tourism & Landscape Architecture, Guilin University of Technology/College of Plant and Ecological Engineering, Guilin, China
| | - Wenjun Zheng
- College of Tourism & Landscape Architecture, Guilin University of Technology/College of Plant and Ecological Engineering, Guilin, China
| | - Mengxi Li
- College of Tourism & Landscape Architecture, Guilin University of Technology/College of Plant and Ecological Engineering, Guilin, China
| | - Jinlong Hu
- College of Tourism & Landscape Architecture, Guilin University of Technology/College of Plant and Ecological Engineering, Guilin, China
| | - Yongjun Fei
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Sijia Zhu
- College of Tourism & Landscape Architecture, Guilin University of Technology/College of Plant and Ecological Engineering, Guilin, China
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15
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Moderate soil drying improves physiological performances and kernel yield of maize. Food Energy Secur 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/fes3.444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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16
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Zhang H, Hu Z, Luo X, Wang Y, Wang Y, Liu T, Zhang Y, Chu L, Wang X, Zhen Y, Zhang J, Yu Y. ZmRop1 participates in maize defense response to the damage of Spodoptera frugiperda larvae through mediating ROS and soluble phenol production. PLANT DIRECT 2022; 6:e468. [PMID: 36540415 PMCID: PMC9751866 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
As plant-specific molecular switches, Rho-like GTPases (Rops) are vital for plant survival in response to biotic and abiotic stresses. However, their roles in plant defense response to phytophagous insect's damage are largely unknown. In this study, the expression levels of nine maize RAC family genes were analyzed after fall armyworm (FAW) larvae infestation. Among the analyzed genes, ZmRop1 was specifically and highly expressed, and its role in maize response to FAW larvae damage was studied. The results showed that upon FAW larvae infestation, salicylic acid and methyl jasmonate treatment ZmRop1 gene transcripts were all down-regulated. However, upon mechanical injury, the expression level of ZmRop1 was up-regulated. Overexpression of ZmRop1 gene in maize plants could improve maize plant resistance to FAW larvae damage. Conversely, silencing of ZmRop1 increased maize plant susceptibility to FAW larvae damage. The analysis of the potential anti-herbivore metabolites, showed that ZmRop1 promoted the enzyme activities of catalase, peroxidase and the expression levels of ZmCAT, ZmPOD, ZmRBOHA and ZmRBOHB, thereby enhancing the reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, including the content of O2- and H2O2. In addition, overexpression or silencing of ZmRop1 could have influence on the content of the total soluble phenol through mediating the activity of polyphenol oxidase. In summary, the results illuminated our understanding of how ZmRop1 participate in maize defense response to FAW larvae damage as a positive regulator through mediating ROS production and can be used as a reference for the green prevention and control of FAW larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Zhang
- College of AgricultureYangtze UniversityJingzhouChina
| | - Zongwei Hu
- College of AgricultureYangtze UniversityJingzhouChina
| | - Xincheng Luo
- College of Life SciencesYangtze UniversityJingzhouChina
| | - Yuxue Wang
- College of AgricultureYangtze UniversityJingzhouChina
| | - Yi Wang
- College of AgricultureYangtze UniversityJingzhouChina
| | - Ting Liu
- College of AgricultureYangtze UniversityJingzhouChina
| | - Yi Zhang
- College of AgricultureYangtze UniversityJingzhouChina
| | - Longyan Chu
- College of AgricultureYangtze UniversityJingzhouChina
| | | | - Yangya Zhen
- College of Life SciencesYangtze UniversityJingzhouChina
| | - Jianmin Zhang
- College of AgricultureYangtze UniversityJingzhouChina
| | - Yonghao Yu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biology for Crop Diseases and Insect PestsNanningChina
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17
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Akbar A, Ashraf MA, Rasheed R, Hussain I, Ali S, Parveen A. Exogenous menadione sodium bisulphite alleviates detrimental effects of alkaline stress on wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 28:1889-1903. [PMID: 36484028 PMCID: PMC9723007 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-022-01250-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Menadione sodium bisulphite (MSB) is known to augment plant defense responses against abiotic and biotic stresses. Wheat is an essential cereal with significant sensitivity to alkaline stress. The present study investigated the effects of MSB seed priming (5 and 10 mM) in alleviating the damaging effects of alkaline stress on hydroponically grown wheat cultivars (salt-sensitive cv. MH-97 and salt-tolerant cv. Millat-2011). Our findings revealed a significant reduction in growth, chlorophyll contents, total soluble proteins, free amino acids, K+, Ca2+, P, and K+/Na+ in wheat cultivars under alkaline stress. In contrast, a noteworthy accretion in lipid peroxidation, H2O2 production, proline levels, antioxidant enzyme activities, soluble sugars, antioxidant compounds, and Na+ levels was noticed in wheat plants grown in alkaline hydroponic medium. MSB priming significantly lowered chlorophyll degradation, Na+ levels, and osmolyte accumulation. Further, K+/Na+ ratio, antioxidant compounds, and antioxidant enzyme activities were higher in plants primed with MSB. Therefore, seed priming eminently protected plants by regulating osmotic adjustment and strengthening oxidative defense under alkaline stress. Plants administered 5 mM MSB as seed priming manifested better tolerance to alkaline stress. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-022-01250-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Akbar
- Department of Botany, Government College University Faisalabad, New Campus, Jhang Road, Faisalabad, 38000 Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Arslan Ashraf
- Department of Botany, Government College University Faisalabad, New Campus, Jhang Road, Faisalabad, 38000 Pakistan
| | - Rizwan Rasheed
- Department of Botany, Government College University Faisalabad, New Campus, Jhang Road, Faisalabad, 38000 Pakistan
| | - Iqbal Hussain
- Department of Botany, Government College University Faisalabad, New Campus, Jhang Road, Faisalabad, 38000 Pakistan
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402 Taiwan
| | - Abida Parveen
- Department of Botany, Government College University Faisalabad, New Campus, Jhang Road, Faisalabad, 38000 Pakistan
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18
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Mukarram M, Petrik P, Mushtaq Z, Khan MMA, Gulfishan M, Lux A. Silicon nanoparticles in higher plants: Uptake, action, stress tolerance, and crosstalk with phytohormones, antioxidants, and other signalling molecules. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 310:119855. [PMID: 35940485 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Silicon is absorbed as uncharged mono-silicic acid by plant roots through passive absorption of Lsi1, an influx transporter belonging to the aquaporin protein family. Lsi2 then actively effluxes silicon from root cells towards the xylem from where it is exported by Lsi6 for silicon distribution and accumulation to other parts. Recently, it was proposed that silicon nanoparticles (SiNPs) might share a similar route for their uptake and transport. SiNPs then initiate a cascade of morphophysiological adjustments that improve the plant physiology through regulating the expression of many photosynthetic genes and proteins along with photosystem I (PSI) and PSII assemblies. Subsequent improvement in photosynthetic performance and stomatal behaviour correspond to higher growth, development, and productivity. On many occasions, SiNPs have demonstrated a protective role during stressful environments by improving plant-water status, source-sink potential, reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism, and enzymatic profile. The present review comprehensively discusses the crop improvement potential of SiNPs stretching their role during optimal and abiotic stress conditions including salinity, drought, temperature, heavy metals, and ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Moreover, in the later section of this review, we offered the understanding that most of these upgrades can be explained by SiNPs intricate correspondence with phytohormones, antioxidants, and signalling molecules. SiNPs can modulate the endogenous phytohormones level such as abscisic acid (ABA), auxins (IAAs), cytokinins (CKs), ethylene (ET), gibberellins (GAs), and jasmonic acid (JA). Altered phytohormones level affects plant growth, development, and productivity at various organ and tissue levels. Similarly, SiNPs regulate the activities of catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and ascorbate-glutathione (AsA-GSH) cycle leading to an upgraded defence system. At the cellular and subcellular levels, SiNPs crosstalk with various signalling molecules such as Ca2+, K+, Na+, nitric oxide (NO), ROS, soluble sugars, and transcription factors (TFs) was also explained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mukarram
- Advance Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India; Department of Integrated Forest and Landscape Protection, Faculty of Forestry, Technical University in Zvolen, T. G. Masaryka 24, 96001, Zvolen, Slovakia.
| | - Peter Petrik
- Global Change Research Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zeenat Mushtaq
- Environmental Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - M Masroor A Khan
- Advance Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - Mohd Gulfishan
- Glocal School of Agricultural Science, Glocal University, Saharanpur, 247121, India
| | - Alexander Lux
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovicova 6, Bratislava, Slovakia; Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, Bratislava, Slovakia
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19
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Zulfiqar F, Nafees M, Chen J, Darras A, Ferrante A, Hancock JT, Ashraf M, Zaid A, Latif N, Corpas FJ, Altaf MA, Siddique KHM. Chemical priming enhances plant tolerance to salt stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:946922. [PMID: 36160964 PMCID: PMC9490053 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.946922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Salt stress severely limits the productivity of crop plants worldwide and its detrimental effects are aggravated by climate change. Due to a significant world population growth, agriculture has expanded to marginal and salinized regions, which usually render low crop yield. In this context, finding methods and strategies to improve plant tolerance against salt stress is of utmost importance to fulfill food security challenges under the scenario of the ever-increasing human population. Plant priming, at different stages of plant development, such as seed or seedling, has gained significant attention for its marked implication in crop salt-stress management. It is a promising field relying on the applications of specific chemical agents which could effectively improve plant salt-stress tolerance. Currently, a variety of chemicals, both inorganic and organic, which can efficiently promote plant growth and crop yield are available in the market. This review summarizes our current knowledge of the promising roles of diverse molecules/compounds, such as hydrogen sulfide (H2S), molecular hydrogen, nitric oxide (NO), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), melatonin, chitosan, silicon, ascorbic acid (AsA), tocopherols, and trehalose (Tre) as potential primers that enhance the salinity tolerance of crop plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal Zulfiqar
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Nafees
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Jianjun Chen
- Mid-Florida Research and Education Center, Environmental Horticulture Department, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Apopka, FL, United States
| | - Anastasios Darras
- Department of Agriculture, University of the Peloponnese, Kalamata, Greece
| | - Antonio Ferrante
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Science, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - John T. Hancock
- Department of Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Muhammad Ashraf
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Abbu Zaid
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Nadeem Latif
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Francisco J. Corpas
- Antioxidant, Free Radical and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture Group, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Granada, Spain
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20
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Chen C, Xu L, Zhang X, Wang H, Nisa ZU, Jin X, Yu L, Jing L, Chen C. Exogenous strigolactones enhance tolerance in soybean seedlings in response to alkaline stress. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2022; 174:e13784. [PMID: 36151903 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The plant hormone strigolactones (SLs) play crucial roles in regulating plant development and adaptations to abiotic stresses. Even though the functional roles of SLs have been identified in response to abiotic stresses, the function, and mechanism of SLs are not fully established under alkaline stress. In this study, we identified that exogenous SL could improve alkaline tolerance of soybean seedlings, especially when treated with 0.5 μM SL. The application of SL remarkably reduced the malondialdehyde content, hydrogen peroxide content, and increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes under alkaline stress, suggesting that SL improved the alkaline tolerance by regulating the antioxidant defense capacity. The RNA sequencing data showed 530 special differentially expressed genes under SL treatment and alkaline stress, mainly were associated with antioxidant processes and phenylpropanoid biosynthetic pathway. Some transcription factors were also induced by SL under alkaline stress as confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Furthermore, SL largely increased the Na content in leaves and decreased Na content in roots under alkaline stress, which suggested that SL might promote the transport of Na from the roots to the leaves of the soybean seedlings. Meanwhile, exogenous SL decreased the content of other elements such as K, Mg, Fe, and Cu in leaves or roots under alkaline stress. Collectively, our results suggested a role of SL in regulating antioxidant defense capacity, specific gene expression, and alterations in ionic contents to alleviate harmful effects of alkaline stress in soybean seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - LianKun Xu
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Haihang Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Zaib-Un Nisa
- General Botany Lab, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Xiaoxia Jin
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijie Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Legang Jing
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
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21
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Aljuaid BS, Mukherjee S, Sayed AN, El-Gabry YAEG, Omar MMA, Mahmoud SF, Alsubeie MS, Darwish DBE, Al-Qahtani SM, Al-Harbi NA, Alzuaibr FM, Basahi MA, Hamada MMA. Folic Acid Reinforces Maize Tolerance to Sodic-Alkaline Stress through Modulation of Growth, Biochemical and Molecular Mechanisms. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12091327. [PMID: 36143364 PMCID: PMC9506096 DOI: 10.3390/life12091327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanism by which folic acid (FA) or its derivatives (folates) mediates plant tolerance to sodic-alkaline stress has not been clarified in previous literature. To apply sodic-alkaline stress, maize seedlings were irrigated with 50 mM of a combined solution (1:1) of sodic-alkaline salts (NaHCO3 and Na2CO3; pH 9.7). Maize seedlings under stressed and non-stressed conditions were sprayed with folic acid (FA) at 0 (distilled water as control), 0.05, 0.1, and 0.2 mM. Under sodic-alkaline stress, FA applied at 0.2 mM significantly improved shoot fresh weight (95%), chlorophyll (Chl a (41%), Chl b (57%), and total Chl (42%)), and carotenoids (27%) compared to the untreated plants, while root fresh weight was not affected compared to the untreated plants. This improvement was associated with a significant enhancement in the cell-membrane stability index (CMSI), relative water content (RWC), free amino acids (FAA), proline, soluble sugars, K, and Ca. In contrast, Na, Na/K ratio, H2O2, malondialdehyde (MDA), and methylglycoxal (MG) were significantly decreased. Moreover, seedlings treated with FA demonstrated significantly higher activities of antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POX), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) compared to the untreated plants. The molecular studies using RT-qPCR demonstrated that FA treatments, specifically at 0.2 mM, enhanced the K+/Na+ selectivity and the performance of photosynthesis under alkaline-stress conditions. These responses were observed through up-regulation of the expression of the high-affinity potassium-transporter protein (ZmHKT1), the major core protein of photosystem II (D2-Protein), and the activity of the first enzyme of carbon fixation cycle in C4 plants (PEP-case) by 74, 248, and 225% over the untreated plants, respectively. Conversely, there was a significant down-regulation in the expression ZmSOS1 and ZmNHX1 by 48.2 and 27.8%, respectively, compared to the untreated plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bandar S. Aljuaid
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Soumya Mukherjee
- Department of Botany, Jangipur College, University of Kalyani, Kalyani 742213, India
- Correspondence: (S.M.); (M.M.A.H.)
| | - Amany N. Sayed
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | | | - Mohamed M. A. Omar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Samy F. Mahmoud
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Moodi Saham Alsubeie
- Biology Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
| | - Doaa Bahaa Eldin Darwish
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35511, Egypt
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Tabuk University, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salem Mesfir Al-Qahtani
- Biology Department, University College of Tayma, University of Tabuk, P.O. Box 741, Tabuk 47512, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nadi Awad Al-Harbi
- Biology Department, University College of Tayma, University of Tabuk, P.O. Box 741, Tabuk 47512, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad Mohammed Alzuaibr
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, P.O. Box 741, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A. Basahi
- College of Science and Arts Sajir, Shaqra University, P.O. Box 33, Shaqra 11961, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha M. A. Hamada
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
- Correspondence: (S.M.); (M.M.A.H.)
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22
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Kumari VV, Banerjee P, Verma VC, Sukumaran S, Chandran MAS, Gopinath KA, Venkatesh G, Yadav SK, Singh VK, Awasthi NK. Plant Nutrition: An Effective Way to Alleviate Abiotic Stress in Agricultural Crops. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:8519. [PMID: 35955651 PMCID: PMC9368943 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
By the year 2050, the world's population is predicted to have grown to around 9-10 billion people. The food demand in many countries continues to increase with population growth. Various abiotic stresses such as temperature, soil salinity and moisture all have an impact on plant growth and development at all levels of plant growth, including the overall plant, tissue cell, and even sub-cellular level. These abiotic stresses directly harm plants by causing protein denaturation and aggregation as well as increased fluidity of membrane lipids. In addition to direct effects, indirect damage also includes protein synthesis inhibition, protein breakdown, and membranous loss in chloroplasts and mitochondria. Abiotic stress during the reproductive stage results in flower drop, pollen sterility, pollen tube deformation, ovule abortion, and reduced yield. Plant nutrition is one of the most effective ways of reducing abiotic stress in agricultural crops. In this paper, we have discussed the effectiveness of different nutrients for alleviating abiotic stress. The roles of primary nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium), secondary nutrients (calcium, magnesium and sulphur), micronutrients (zinc, boron, iron and copper), and beneficial nutrients (cobalt, selenium and silicon) in alleviating abiotic stress in crop plants are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venugopalan Visha Kumari
- ICAR-Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Hyderabad 500059, India; (V.V.K.); (S.S.); (M.A.S.C.); (G.V.); (S.K.Y.)
| | - Purabi Banerjee
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Vishwavidyala, Mohanpur 741251, India;
| | - Vivek Chandra Verma
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic Science and Humanities, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar 263145, India;
| | - Suvana Sukumaran
- ICAR-Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Hyderabad 500059, India; (V.V.K.); (S.S.); (M.A.S.C.); (G.V.); (S.K.Y.)
| | - Malamal Alickal Sarath Chandran
- ICAR-Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Hyderabad 500059, India; (V.V.K.); (S.S.); (M.A.S.C.); (G.V.); (S.K.Y.)
| | - Kodigal A. Gopinath
- ICAR-Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Hyderabad 500059, India; (V.V.K.); (S.S.); (M.A.S.C.); (G.V.); (S.K.Y.)
| | - Govindarajan Venkatesh
- ICAR-Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Hyderabad 500059, India; (V.V.K.); (S.S.); (M.A.S.C.); (G.V.); (S.K.Y.)
| | - Sushil Kumar Yadav
- ICAR-Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Hyderabad 500059, India; (V.V.K.); (S.S.); (M.A.S.C.); (G.V.); (S.K.Y.)
| | - Vinod Kumar Singh
- ICAR-Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Hyderabad 500059, India; (V.V.K.); (S.S.); (M.A.S.C.); (G.V.); (S.K.Y.)
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23
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Seed Priming with Carbon Nanomaterials Improves the Bioactive Compounds of Tomato Plants under Saline Stress. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11151984. [PMID: 35956461 PMCID: PMC9370608 DOI: 10.3390/plants11151984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The consumption of food with a high content of bioactive compounds is correlated with the prevention of chronic degenerative diseases. Tomato is a food with exceptional nutraceutical value; however, saline stress severely affects the yield, the quality of fruits, and the agricultural productivity of this crop. Recent studies have shown that seed priming can mitigate or alleviate the negative effects caused by this type of stress. However, the use of carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) in this technique has not been tested for this purpose. In the present study, the effects of tomato seed priming with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphene (GP) (50, 250, and 500 mg L−1) and two controls (not sonicated and sonicated) were evaluated based on the content of photosynthetic pigments in the leaves; the physicochemical parameters of the fruits; and the presence of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant compounds, carotenoids, and stress biomarkers such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the leaves and fruits of tomato plants without saline stress and with saline stress (50 mM NaCl). The results show that saline stress in combination with CNTs and GP increased the content of chlorophylls (9.1–21.7%), ascorbic acid (19.5%), glutathione (≈13%), proteins (9.9–11.9%), and phenols (14.2%) on the leaves. The addition of CNTs and GP increased the activity of enzymes (CAT, APX, GPX, and PAL). Likewise, there was also a slight increase in the content of H2O2 (by 20.5%) and MDA (3.7%) in the leaves. Salinity affected the quality of tomato fruits. The physico-chemical parameters and bioactive compounds in both the stressed and non-stressed tomato plants were modified with the addition of CNTs and GP. Higher contents of total soluble solids (25.9%), phenols (up to 144.85%), flavonoids (up to 37.63%), ascorbic acid (≈28%), and lycopene (12.4–36.2%) were observed. The addition of carbon nanomaterials by seed priming in tomato plants subjected to saline stress modifies the content of bioactive compounds in tomato fruits and improves the antioxidant defense system, suggesting possible protection of the plant from the negative impacts of stress by salinity. However, analysis of the mechanism of action of CNMs through seed priming, in greater depth is suggested, perhaps with the use of omics sciences.
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24
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Li C, Jia Y, Zhou R, Liu L, Cao M, Zhou Y, Wang Z, Di H. GWAS and RNA-seq analysis uncover candidate genes associated with alkaline stress tolerance in maize ( Zea mays L.) seedlings. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:963874. [PMID: 35923879 PMCID: PMC9340071 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.963874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Soil salt-alkalization is a common yet critical environmental stress factor for plant growth and development. Discovering and exploiting genes associated with alkaline tolerance in maize (Zea mays L.) is helpful for improving alkaline resistance. Here, an association panel consisting of 200 maize lines was used to identify the genetic loci responsible for alkaline tolerance-related traits in maize seedlings. A total of nine single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and their associated candidate genes were found to be significantly associated with alkaline tolerance using a genome-wide association study (GWAS). An additional 200 genes were identified when the screen was extended to include a linkage disequilibrium (LD) decay distance of r2 ≥ 0.2 from the SNPs. RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis was then conducted to confirm the linkage between the candidate genes and alkali tolerance. From these data, a total of five differentially expressed genes (DEGs; |log2FC| ≥ 0.585, p < 0.05) were verified as the hub genes involved in alkaline tolerance. Subsequently, two candidate genes, Zm00001d038250 and Zm00001d001960, were verified to affect the alkaline tolerance of maize seedlings by qRT-PCR analysis. These genes were putatively involved protein binding and "flavonoid biosynthesis process," respectively, based on Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analyses. Gene promoter region contains elements related to stress and metabolism. The results of this study will help further elucidate the mechanisms of alkaline tolerance in maize, which will provide the groundwork for future breeding projects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Zhenhua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Enhancement, Physiology and Ecology of Food Crops in Cold Region, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Hong Di
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Enhancement, Physiology and Ecology of Food Crops in Cold Region, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
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25
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Naz R, Gul F, Zahoor S, Nosheen A, Yasmin H, Keyani R, Shahid M, Hassan MN, Siddiqui MH, Batool S, Anwar Z, Ali N, Roberts TH. Interactive effects of hydrogen sulphide and silicon enhance drought and heat tolerance by modulating hormones, antioxidant defence enzymes and redox status in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2022; 24:684-696. [PMID: 34879172 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Recent changes in climate have reduced crop productivity throughout much of the world. Drought and heat stress, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions, have seriously affected barley production. This study explored the separate and interactive effects of silicon (Si) and hydrogen sulphide (H2 S) on plant growth and mitigation of the adverse effects of heat stress (DS) and drought stress (HS) in a barley pot experiment. The impacts of simultaneous DS + HS were more severe than individual stresses due to increased ROS production, malondialdehyde (MDA) content and higher electrolyte leakage (EL), thereby leading to reduced water, protein and photosynthetic pigment content. Exogenously applied Si and H2 S alleviated the DS-, HS- and DS + HS-induced effects on barley by reducing ROS production, MDA and EL. A single application of H2 S or Si + H2 S increased plant biomass under all stress conditions, which can be ascribed to higher Si accumulation in barley shoots. A single application of Si or H2 S significantly increased plant biomass. However, Si + H2 S was the most effective treatment for metabolite accumulation and elevating activity of antioxidant enzymes to prevent toxicity from oxidative stress. This treatment also modulated osmolyte content, enhanced antioxidant activity and regulated the stress signalling-related endogenous hormones, abscisic acid (ABA) and indole acetic acid (IAA). Exogenous treatments regulated endogenous H2 S and Si and resulted in higher tolerance to individual and combined drought and heat stress in barley.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Naz
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - F Gul
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - S Zahoor
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - A Nosheen
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - H Yasmin
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - R Keyani
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - M Shahid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - M N Hassan
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - M H Siddiqui
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - S Batool
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Z Anwar
- Department of Computer Science, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - N Ali
- Department of Computer Science, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - T H Roberts
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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26
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Dong S, Pang W, Liu Z, Li H, Zhang K, Cong L, Yang G, Wang ZY, Xie H. Transcriptome Analysis of Leaf Senescence Regulation Under Alkaline Stress in Medicago truncatula. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:881456. [PMID: 35574123 PMCID: PMC9096890 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.881456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In plants, the leaf is an essential photosynthetic organ, and is the primary harvest in forage crops such as alfalfa (Medicago sativa). Premature leaf senescence caused by environmental stress can result in significant yield loss and quality reduction. Therefore, the stay-green trait is important for improving the economic value of forage crops. Alkaline stress can severely damage leaf cells and, consequently, cause leaf senescence. To understand the molecular regulatory mechanisms and identify vital senescence-associated genes under alkaline stress, we used high-throughput sequencing to study transcriptional changes in Medicago truncatula, a model plant for forage crops. We identified 2,165 differentially expressed genes, 985 of which were identical to those in the dark-induced leaf senescence group. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses showed that the 985 genes were mainly enriched in nutrient cycling processes such as cellular amino acid metabolic processes and organic substance catabolic processes, indicating nutrient redistribution. The other 1,180 differentially expressed genes were significantly enriched in the oxidoreductase complex, aerobic respiration, and ion transport. Our analysis showed the two gene sets guiding the coupled physiological and biochemical alterations play different roles under alkaline stress with a coordinated and integrated way. Many transcription factor families were identified from these differentially expressed genes, including MYB, WRKY, bHLH, and NAC which have particular preference involved in stress resistance and regulation of senescence. Our results contribute to the exploration of the molecular regulatory mechanisms of leaf senescence in M. truncatula under alkaline stress and provide new candidate genes for future breeding to improve the biomass and quality of forage crops.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hongli Xie
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Grassland Resources and Ecology in the Yellow River Delta, College of Grassland Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
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27
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Raza Gurmani A, Wang X, Rafique M, Jawad M, Raza Khan A, Ullah Khan Q, Ahmed R, Fiaz S. Exogenous Application of Gibberellic Acid and Silicon to Promote Salinity Tolerance in Pea (Pisum sativum L.) through Na+ Exclusion. Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29:103305. [PMID: 35602866 PMCID: PMC9119841 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2022.103305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Salinity is a worldwide problem limiting the plant growth and risking food security. This study was conducted to examine exogenous application of silicon (Si), gibberellic acid (GA3) upon the ion transport, growth, yield, and antioxidant enzymes activities of pea plant in saline conditions. Two pea varieties Meteor-FSD and Samrina Zard were pre-treated with GA3 (10-4 M) for 12 h. Plants were allowed to grow with or without silicon in washed silica sand. Ten days old seedlings were shifted in pots with 10 kg soil. Twenty-five days old plants were exposed to 0 and 5 dS m−1 sodium stress. Results showed that exogenous application of GA3 + Si was the best treatment for increasing plant biomass and yield in the presence and absence of NaCl. Furthermore, application of Si or GA3 enhanced chlorophyll content in the leaves, thereby increasing the net assimilation rate of pea varieties under NaCl stress by increasing the antioxidant enzyme activity. Treatment of Si alone or in combination with GA3 significantly reduced Na+ movement in both pea varieties. Results showed that Si has more prominent role than GA3 alone to build-up high plant biomass, yield, soluble protein content and reduction of Na+ transport. Samrina Zard variety showed higher yield, shoot and root dry weight as compared to Meteor-FSD variety in presence and absence of salt. It was concluded that Si can be used as a nutrient for pea under saline or non-saline conditions. Moreover, application of GA3 has a potential role for increasing salinity tolerance, mostly in sensitive pea varieties.
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28
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El-Badri AM, Hashem AM, Batool M, Sherif A, Nishawy E, Ayaad M, Hassan HM, Elrewainy IM, Wang J, Kuai J, Wang B, Zheng S, Zhou G. Comparative efficacy of bio-selenium nanoparticles and sodium selenite on morpho-physiochemical attributes under normal and salt stress conditions, besides selenium detoxification pathways in Brassica napus L. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:163. [PMID: 35351148 PMCID: PMC8962572 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01370-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) have attracted considerable attention globally due to their significant potential for alleviating abiotic stresses in plants. Accordingly, further research has been conducted to develop nanoparticles using chemical ways. However, our knowledge about the potential benefit or phytotoxicity of bioSeNPs in rapeseed is still unclear. Herein, we investigated the effect of bioSeNPs on growth and physiochemical attributes, and selenium detoxification pathways compared to sodium selenite (Se (IV)) during the early seedling stage under normal and salt stress conditions. Our findings showed that the range between optimal and toxic levels of bioSeNPs was wider than Se (IV), which increased the plant’s ability to reduce salinity-induced oxidative stress. BioSeNPs improved the phenotypic characteristics of rapeseed seedlings without the sign of toxicity, markedly elevated germination, growth, photosynthetic efficiency and osmolyte accumulation versus Se (IV) under normal and salt stress conditions. In addition to modulation of Na+ and K+ uptake, bioSeNPs minimized the ROS level and MDA content by activating the antioxidant enzymes engaged in ROS detoxification by regulating these enzyme-related genes expression patterns. Importantly, the main effect of bioSeNPs and Se (IV) on plant growth appeared to be correlated with the change in the expression levels of Se-related genes. Our qRT-PCR results revealed that the genes involved in Se detoxification in root tissue were upregulated upon Se (IV) treated seedlings compared to NPs, indicating that bioSeNPs have a slightly toxic effect under higher concentrations. Furthermore, bioSeNPs might improve lateral root production by increasing the expression level of LBD16. Taken together, transamination and selenation were more functional methods of Se detoxification and proposed different degradation pathways that synthesized malformed or deformed selenoproteins, which provided essential mechanisms to increase Se tolerance at higher concentrations in rapeseed seedlings. Current findings could add more knowledge regarding the mechanisms underlying bioSeNPs induced plant growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Mahmoud El-Badri
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China.,Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza, 12619, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Hashem
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China.,Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11651, Egypt
| | - Maria Batool
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Ahmed Sherif
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China.,Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza, 12619, Egypt
| | - Elsayed Nishawy
- Desert Research Center, Genetics Resource Department, Egyptian Deserts Gene Bank, Cairo, 11735, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Ayaad
- Plant Research Department, Nuclear Research Center, Atomic Energy Authority, Abo Zaabal, Cairo, 13795, Egypt
| | - Hamada M Hassan
- Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza, 12619, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim M Elrewainy
- Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza, 12619, Egypt
| | - Jing Wang
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Kuai
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Wang
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shixue Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangsheng Zhou
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
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Ramadan KMA, Alharbi MM, Alenzi AM, El-Beltagi HS, Darwish DBE, Aldaej MI, Shalaby TA, Mansour AT, El-Gabry YAEG, Ibrahim MFM. Alpha Lipoic Acid as a Protective Mediator for Regulating the Defensive Responses of Wheat Plants against Sodic Alkaline Stress: Physiological, Biochemical and Molecular Aspects. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11060787. [PMID: 35336669 PMCID: PMC8949438 DOI: 10.3390/plants11060787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Recently, exogenous α-Lipoic acid (ALA) has been suggested to improve the tolerance of plants to a wide array of abiotic stresses. However, there is currently no definitive data on the role of ALA in wheat plants exposed to sodic alkaline stress. Therefore, this study was designed to evaluate the effects of foliar application by ALA at 0 (distilled water as control) and 20 µM on wheat seedlings grown under sodic alkaline stress (50 mM 1:1 NaHCO3 & Na2CO3; pH 9.7. Under sodic alkaline stress, exogenous ALA significantly (p ≤ 0.05) improved growth (shoot fresh and dry weight), chlorophyll (Chl) a, b and Chl a + b, while Chl a/b ratio was not affected. Moreover, leaf relative water content (RWC), total soluble sugars, carotenoids, total soluble phenols, ascorbic acid, K and Ca were significantly increased in the ALA-treated plants compared to the ALA-untreated plants. This improvement was concomitant with reducing the rate of lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde, MDA) and H2O2. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) demonstrated greater activity in the ALA-treated plants compared to the non-treated ones. Conversely, proline, catalase (CAT), guaiacol peroxidase (G-POX), Na and Na/K ratio were significantly decreased in the ALA-treated plants. Under sodic alkaline stress, the relative expression of photosystem II (D2 protein; PsbD) was significantly up-regulated in the ALA treatment (67% increase over the ALA-untreated plants); while Δ pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase (P5CS), plasma membrane Na+/H+ antiporter protein of salt overly sensitive gene (SOS1) and tonoplast-localized Na+/H+ antiporter protein (NHX1) were down-regulated by 21, 37 and 53%, respectively, lower than the ALA-untreated plants. These results reveal that ALA may be involved in several possible mechanisms of alkalinity tolerance in wheat plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled M. A. Ramadan
- Central Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Maha Mohammed Alharbi
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia; (M.M.A.); (A.M.A.); or (D.B.E.D.)
| | - Asma Massad Alenzi
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia; (M.M.A.); (A.M.A.); or (D.B.E.D.)
| | - Hossam S. El-Beltagi
- Agricultural Biotechnology Department, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Gamma St, Giza 12613, Egypt
- Correspondence: (H.S.E.-B.); (M.F.M.I.); Tel.: +20-1123403173 (M.F.M.I.)
| | - Doaa Bahaa Eldin Darwish
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia; (M.M.A.); (A.M.A.); or (D.B.E.D.)
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35511, Egypt
| | - Mohammed I. Aldaej
- Agricultural Biotechnology Department, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Tarek A. Shalaby
- Department of Arid Land Agriculture, College of Agricultural and Food Science, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 400, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
- Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Abdallah Tageldein Mansour
- Animal and Fish Production Department, College of Agricultural and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 420, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
- Fish and Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria 21531, Egypt
| | | | - Mohamed F. M. Ibrahim
- Department of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
- Correspondence: (H.S.E.-B.); (M.F.M.I.); Tel.: +20-1123403173 (M.F.M.I.)
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Hernandez-Apaolaza L. Priming With Silicon: A Review of a Promising Tool to Improve Micronutrient Deficiency Symptoms. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:840770. [PMID: 35300007 PMCID: PMC8921768 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.840770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Priming consists of a short pretreatment or preconditioning of seeds or seedlings with different types of primers (biological, chemical, or physical), which activates various mechanisms that improve plant vigor. In addition, stress responses are also upregulated with priming, obtaining plant phenotypes more tolerant to stress. As priming is thought to create a memory in plants, it is impairing a better resilience against stress situations. In today's world and due to climatic change, almost all plants encounter stresses with different severity. Lots of these stresses are relevant to biotic phenomena, but lots of them are also relevant to abiotic ones. In both these two conditions, silicon application has strong and positive effects when used as a priming agent. Several Si seed priming experiments have been performed to cope with several abiotic stresses (drought, salinity, alkaline stress), and Si primers have been used in non-stress situations to increase seed or seedlings vigor, but few has been done in the field of plant recovery with Si after a stress situation, although promising results have been referenced in the scarce literature. This review pointed out that Si could be successfully used in seed priming under optimal conditions (increased seed vigor), to cope with several stresses and also to recover plants from stressful situations more rapidly, and open a promising research topic to investigate, as priming is not an expensive technique and is easy to introduce by growers.
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Bhat JA, Bhat MA, Abdalmegeed D, Yu D, Chen J, Bajguz A, Ahmad A, Ahmad P. Newly-synthesized iron-oxide nanoparticles showed synergetic effect with citric acid for alleviating arsenic phytotoxicity in soybean. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 295:118693. [PMID: 34923061 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In the current investigation, we presented the success of the modified hydrothermal method for synthesizing the iron-oxide nanoparticles (Fe2O3-NPs) efficiently. These NPs were further characterized by using different techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) micrographs, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX)/Mapping pattern, Raman Spectroscopy Pattern, ultra violet (UV) and Photoluminescence (PL). All these analyses revealed highly pure nature of Fe2O3-NPs with no internal defects, and suggested its application for plant growth improvement. Therefore, we further investigated the separate as well as combined effects of the Fe2O3-NPs and citric acid (CA) in the alleviation of arsenic (As) toxicity in the soybean (Glycine max L.), by evaluating the different plant growth and metabolic attributes. Results of our study revealed that As-induced growth inhibition, reduction of photosynthesis, water use efficiency (WUE), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation whereas application of the Fe2O3-NPs and CA significantly reversed all these adverse effects in soybean plants. Moreover, the As-stress induced malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production were partially reversed by the Fe2O3-NPs and CA in the As-stressed plants by 16% and 10% (MDA) and 29% and 12% (H2O2). This might have resulted due to the Fe2O3-NPs and CA induced activities of the antioxidant defense in plants. Overall, the Fe2O3-NPs and CA supplementation separately and in combination positively regulated the As tolerance in soybean; however, the effect of the combined application on the As tolerance was more profound relative to the individual application. These results suggested the synergetic effect of the Fe2O3-NPs and CA on the As-tolerance in soybean. However, in-depth mechanism underlying the defense crosstalk between the Fe2O3-NPs and CA needs to be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javaid Akhter Bhat
- International Genome Centre, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China; State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | | | | | - Deyue Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jian Chen
- International Genome Centre, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Andrzej Bajguz
- Department of Biology and Ecology of Plants, Faculty of Biology, University of Bialystok, 15-245, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Ajaz Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Department of Botany, GDC, Pulwama, Kashmir, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
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Salam A, Khan AR, Liu L, Yang S, Azhar W, Ulhassan Z, Zeeshan M, Wu J, Fan X, Gan Y. Seed priming with zinc oxide nanoparticles downplayed ultrastructural damage and improved photosynthetic apparatus in maize under cobalt stress. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 423:127021. [PMID: 34488098 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
It is widely known that cobalt (Co) stress adversely affects plant growth and biomass accumulation, posing serious threats to crop production and food security. Nanotechnology is an emerging field in crop sciences for its potential in improving crop production and mitigating various stresses. Although there have been several studies reporting the toxic effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) on different crops, their role in ameliorating heavy metal toxicity are still poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the beneficial effects of seed priming with ZnO NPs in mitigating the phytotoxicity induced by Co stress. Our results demonstrated that ZnO NPs significantly improved the plant growth, biomass, and photosynthetic machinery in maize under Co stress. The NPs priming reduced ROS and MDA accumulations in maize shoots. More importantly, ZnO NPs alleviated the toxic effects of Co by decreasing its uptake and conferred stability to plant ultra-cellular structures and photosynthetic apparatus. Furthermore, a higher accumulation of nutrient content and antioxidant enzymes were found in NPs-primed seedlings. Collectively, we provide first evidence to demonstrate the alleviation of Co toxicity via ZnO NPs seed priming in maize, thus, illustrating the potential role of ZnO NPs to be applied as a stress mitigation agent for the crops grown in Co contaminated areas to enhance crop growth and yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Salam
- Zhejiang Key Lab of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ali Raza Khan
- Zhejiang Key Lab of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Liu
- Institute of Food Crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Shuaiqi Yang
- Zhejiang Key Lab of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wardah Azhar
- Zhejiang Key Lab of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zaid Ulhassan
- Zhejiang Key Lab of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Muhammad Zeeshan
- Zhejiang Key Lab of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junyu Wu
- Zhejiang Key Lab of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xingming Fan
- Institute of Food Crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
| | - Yinbo Gan
- Zhejiang Key Lab of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Building 11, Yonyou Industrial Park, Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City, Yazhou District, Sanya, Hainan Province 572025, China.
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Verma KK, Song XP, Lin B, Guo DJ, Singh M, Rajput VD, Singh RK, Singh P, Sharma A, Malviya MK, Chen GL, Li YR. Silicon Induced Drought Tolerance in Crop Plants: Physiological Adaptation Strategies. SILICON 2022; 14. [PMCID: PMC7982764 DOI: 10.1007/s12633-021-01071-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Krishan K. Verma
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement (Guangxi), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement/Sugarcane Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, 530 007 Guangxi China
| | - Xiu-Peng Song
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement (Guangxi), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement/Sugarcane Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, 530 007 Guangxi China
| | - Bo Lin
- Institute of Agro-Products Processing Science and Technology, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, 530 007 Guangxi China
| | - Dao-Jun Guo
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement (Guangxi), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement/Sugarcane Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, 530 007 Guangxi China
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004 Guangxi China
| | - Munna Singh
- Department of Botany, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, 226 007 India
| | - Vishnu D. Rajput
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, 344006 Russia
| | - Rajesh Kumar Singh
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement (Guangxi), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement/Sugarcane Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, 530 007 Guangxi China
| | - Pratiksha Singh
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement (Guangxi), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement/Sugarcane Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, 530 007 Guangxi China
| | - Anjney Sharma
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement (Guangxi), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement/Sugarcane Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, 530 007 Guangxi China
| | - Mukesh Kumar Malviya
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement (Guangxi), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement/Sugarcane Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, 530 007 Guangxi China
| | - Gan-Lin Chen
- Institute of Biotechnology, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, 530 007 Guangxi China
| | - Yang-Rui Li
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement (Guangxi), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement/Sugarcane Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, 530 007 Guangxi China
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Chen Q, Jin Y, Zhang Z, Cao M, Wei G, Guo X, Zhang J, Lu X, Tang Z. Ionomic and Metabolomic Analyses Reveal Different Response Mechanisms to Saline-Alkali Stress Between Suaeda salsa Community and Puccinellia tenuiflora Community. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:774284. [PMID: 34917108 PMCID: PMC8670416 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.774284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinization imposes severe stress to plants, inhibits plant growth, and severely limits agricultural productivity and land utilization. The response of a single plant to saline-alkali stress has been well investigated. However, the plant community that usually works as a group to defend against saline-alkali stress was neglected. To determine the functions of plant community, in our current work, Suaeda salsa (S. salsa) community and Puccinellia tenuiflora (P. tenuiflora) community, two communities that are widely distributed in Hulun Buir Grassland in Northeastern China, were selected as research objects. Ionomic and metabolomic were applied to compare the differences between S. salsa community and P. tenuiflora community from the aspects of ion transport and phenolic compound accumulation, respectively. Ionomic studies demonstrated that many macroelements, including potassium (K) and calcium (Ca), were highly accumulated in S. salsa community whereas microelement manganese (Mn) was highly accumulated in P. tenuiflora community. In S. salsa community, transportation of K to aboveground parts of plants helps to maintain high K+ and low Na+ concentrations whereas the accumulation of Ca triggers the salt overly sensitive (SOS)-Na+ system to efflux Na+. In P. tenuiflora community, enrichment of Mn in roots elevates the level of Mn-superoxide dismutase (SOD) and increases the resistance to saline-alkali stress. Metabolomic studies revealed the high levels of C6C1-compounds and C6C3C6-compounds in S. salsa community and also the high levels of C6C3-compounds in P. tenuiflora community. C6C1-compounds function as signaling molecules to defend against stress and may stimulate the accumulation of C6C3C6-compounds. C6C3-compounds contribute to the elimination of free radicals and the maintenance of cell morphology. Collectively, our findings determine the abundance of phenolic compounds and various elements in S. salsa community and P. tenuiflora community in Hulun Buir Grassland and we explored different responses of S. salsa community and P. tenuiflora community to cope with saline-alkali stress. Understanding of plant response strategies from the perspective of community teamwork may provide a feasible and novel way to transform salinization land.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yan Jin
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Zhonghua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Ecology, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Meng Cao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Ecology, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Guanyun Wei
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xiaorui Guo
- Key Laboratory of Plant Ecology, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xueyan Lu
- Heilongjiang Institute of Green Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhonghua Tang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Ecology, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
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Chele KH, Steenkamp P, Piater LA, Dubery IA, Huyser J, Tugizimana F. A Global Metabolic Map Defines the Effects of a Si-Based Biostimulant on Tomato Plants under Normal and Saline Conditions. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11120820. [PMID: 34940578 PMCID: PMC8709197 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11120820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The ongoing unpredictability of climate changes is exponentially exerting a negative impact on crop production, further aggravating detrimental abiotic stress effects. Several research studies have been focused on the genetic modification of crop plants to achieve more crop resilience against such stress factors; however, there has been a paradigm shift in modern agriculture focusing on more organic, eco-friendly and long-lasting systems to improve crop yield. As such, extensive research into the use of microbial and nonmicrobial biostimulants has been at the core of agricultural studies to improve crop growth and development, as well as to attain tolerance against several biotic and abiotic stresses. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the biostimulant activity remain enigmatic. Thus, this study is a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based untargeted metabolomics approach to unravel the hypothetical biochemical framework underlying effects of a nonmicrobial biostimulant (a silicon-based formulation) on tomato plants (Solanum lycopersium) under salinity stress conditions. This metabolomics study postulates that Si-based biostimulants could alleviate salinity stress in tomato plants through modulation of the primary metabolism involving changes in the tricarboxylic acid cycle, fatty acid and numerous amino acid biosynthesis pathways, with further reprogramming of several secondary metabolism pathways such as the phenylpropanoid pathway, flavonoid biosynthesis pathways including flavone and flavanol biosynthesis. Thus, the postulated hypothetical framework, describing biostimulant-induced metabolic events in tomato plants, provides actionable knowledge necessary for industries and farmers to, confidently and innovatively, explore, design, and fully implement Si-based formulations and strategies into agronomic practices for sustainable agriculture and food production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kekeletso H. Chele
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, Johannesburg 2006, South Africa; (K.H.C.); (P.S.); (L.A.P.); (I.A.D.)
| | - Paul Steenkamp
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, Johannesburg 2006, South Africa; (K.H.C.); (P.S.); (L.A.P.); (I.A.D.)
| | - Lizelle A. Piater
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, Johannesburg 2006, South Africa; (K.H.C.); (P.S.); (L.A.P.); (I.A.D.)
| | - Ian A. Dubery
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, Johannesburg 2006, South Africa; (K.H.C.); (P.S.); (L.A.P.); (I.A.D.)
| | - Johan Huyser
- International Research and Development Division, Omnia Group, Ltd., Johannesburg 2021, South Africa;
| | - Fidele Tugizimana
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, Johannesburg 2006, South Africa; (K.H.C.); (P.S.); (L.A.P.); (I.A.D.)
- International Research and Development Division, Omnia Group, Ltd., Johannesburg 2021, South Africa;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +27-011-559-7784
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Naz R, Batool S, Shahid M, Keyani R, Yasmin H, Nosheen A, Hassan MN, Mumtaz S, Siddiqui MH. Exogenous silicon and hydrogen sulfide alleviates the simultaneously occurring drought stress and leaf rust infection in wheat. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 166:558-571. [PMID: 34174661 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Silicon (Si) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) are known to enhance plant defense against multiple stresses. Current study was conducted to investigate the application of Si and H2S alone as well as in combination, improved physiological resilience of wheat plants to drought stress (DS) and pathogen-Puccinia triticina (Pt) infection. We aimed to increase the wheat plant growth and to enhance the DS tolerance and Pt resistance with the concurrent applications of H2S and Si. In the first experiment, we selected the best growth enhancing concentration of H2S (0.3 mM) and Si (6 mM) to further investigate their tolerance and resistance potential in the pot experiment under DS and pathogen infection conditions. The obtained results reveal that DS has further increased the susceptibility of wheat plants to leaf rust pathogen infection while, the sole application of Si and the simultaneous exogenous treatments of H2S + Si enhanced the plant growth, decreased disease incidence, and significantly improved tolerance and defense mechanisms of wheat under individual and interactive stress conditions. The exogenous treatment of H2S + Si improved the growth criteria, photosynthetic pigments, osmoprotectants, and defense related enzyme activities. The same treatment also reinforced the endogenous H2S, Si, ABA and SA contents while decreased the disease incidence and oxidative stress indicators under individual and combined stress conditions. Overall, results from this study presents the influence of combined drought and P. triticina stress in wheat and reveal the beneficial impacts of concurrent exogenous treatment of H2S + Si to mitigate the drought and pathogen (P. triticina) induced adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabia Naz
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Sana Batool
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University, Vehari Campus, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Rumana Keyani
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Humaira Yasmin
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Asia Nosheen
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Saqib Mumtaz
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Manzer Hussain Siddiqui
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
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El-Badri AMA, Batool M, Mohamed IAA, Khatab A, Sherif A, Wang Z, Salah A, Nishawy E, Ayaad M, Kuai J, Wang B, Zhou G. Modulation of salinity impact on early seedling stage via nano-priming application of zinc oxide on rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 166:376-392. [PMID: 34153882 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Salinity stress negatively affects the plant's developmental stages through micronutrient imbalance. As an essential micronutrient, ZnO can substitute Na+ absorption under saline conditions. Therefore, nanoparticles as technological innovation, improve the plant growth efficiency under biotic and abiotic stresses. Nano-priming has become widely applicable in agricultural research during the last decade. The current study was conducted to highlight the impact of ZnONPs priming on seedling biological processes under 150 mM of NaCl using two rapeseed cultivars during the early seedling stage. All concentrations of ZnONPs increased the germination parameters i.e., FG%, GR, VI (I), and VI (II). Meanwhile, the high concentration (ZnO 100%) showed the highest increase in shoot length (9.60% and 25.63%), root length (41.64% and 48.17%) for Yang You 9 and Zhong Shuang 11 over hydro-priming, respectively, as well as biomass. Additionally, nano-priming improved the proline, soluble sugar, and soluble protein contents as a result of osmotic protection modulation. Moreover, nano-priming alleviated ROS and biosynthesis pigments through the reduction of accumulated (H2O2) and (O2-), and chlorophyll degradation, respectively, also enhanced antioxidant adjustment via improving the plant defense system. Nano-priming substituted the Na+ by Zn2+, K+, and Ca2+, and compensated the deficit of micronutrients, thus reduced the Na+ toxicity in the cell cytosol. To track the effects of priming during seed imbibition, it noticed that ZnO 100% and ZnO 100%+S increased the Linoleic and Linolenic acids among the studied fatty acids composition by 12.02%, 7.59%, 13.27%, and 10.38% (Yang You 9), 7.42%, 2.77%, 2.93%, and 1.49% (Zhong Shuang 11) over the hydro-priming, respectively. Moreover, the gene expression patterns of BnCAM and BnPER reflected the enhancement of germination levels, notably under the influence of ZnO 100% priming, which increased the level of BnCAM by 70.42% and 111.9% in Yang You 9 and Zhong Shuang 11, respectively. Consequently, ZnO nano-priming enhanced the seedling development through the biosynthesis of pigments, osmotic protection, reduction of ROS accumulation, adjustment of antioxidant enzymes, and improvement of the nutrient absorption, thus enhancing the economic yield under saline conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali M A El-Badri
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Egypt
| | - Maria Batool
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ibrahim A A Mohamed
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum, 63514, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Khatab
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Sherif
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Egypt
| | - Zongkai Wang
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Akram Salah
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Elsayed Nishawy
- Desert Research Center, Genetics Resource Department, Egyptian Deserts Gene Bank, Cairo, 11735, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Ayaad
- Plant Research Department, Nuclear Research Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Abo Zaabal, 13795, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Jie Kuai
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Bo Wang
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Guangsheng Zhou
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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Silicon via nutrient solution modulates deficient and sufficient manganese sugar and energy cane antioxidant systems. Sci Rep 2021; 11:16900. [PMID: 34413411 PMCID: PMC8376992 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96427-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) is highly demanded by Poaceae, and its deficiency induces physiological and biochemical responses in plants. Silicon (Si), which is beneficial to plants under various stress conditions, may also play an important role in plants without stress. However, the physiological and nutritional mechanisms of Si to improve Mn nutrition in sugarcane and energy cane, in addition to mitigating deficiency stress, are still unclear. The objective of this study is to evaluate whether the mechanisms of action of Si are related to the nutrition of Mn by modulating the antioxidant defense system of sugarcane plants and energy cane plants cultivated in nutrient solution, favoring the physiological and growth factors of plants cultivated under Mn deficiency or sufficiency. Two experiments were carried out with pre-sprouted seedlings of Saccharum officinarum L. and Saccharum spontaneum L. grown in the nutrient solution. Treatments were arranged in a 2 × 2 factorial design. Plants were grown under Mn sufficiency (20.5 µmol L−1) and the deficiency (0.1 µmol L−1) associated with the absence and presence of Si (2.0 mmol L−1). Mn deficiency caused oxidative stress by increasing lipid peroxidation and decreasing GPOX activity, contents of phenols, pigments, and photosynthetic efficiency, and led to the growth of both studied species. Si improved the response of both species to Mn supply. The attenuation of the effects of Mn deficiency by Si depends on species, with a higher benefit for Saccharum spontaneum. Its performance is involved in reducing the degradation of cells by reactive oxygen species (21%), increasing the contents of phenols (18%), carotenoids (64%), proteins, modulating SOD activity, and improving photosynthetic and growth responses.
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Devanna BN, Mandlik R, Raturi G, Sudhakaran SS, Sharma Y, Sharma S, Rana N, Bansal R, Barvkar V, Tripathi DK, Shivaraj SM, Deshmukh R. Versatile role of silicon in cereals: Health benefits, uptake mechanism, and evolution. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 165:173-186. [PMID: 34044226 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.03.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Silicon (Si) is an omnipresent and second most abundant element in the soil lithosphere after oxygen. Silicon being a beneficial element imparts several benefits to the plants and animals. In many plant species, including the cereals the uptake of Si from the soil even exceeds the uptake of essential nutrients. Cereals are the monocots which are known to accumulate a high amount of Si, and reaping maximum benefits associated with it. Cereals contribute a high amount of Si to the human diet compared to other food crops. In the present review, we have summarized distribution of the dietary Si in cereals and its role in the animal and human health. The Si derived benefits in cereals, specifically with respect to biotic and abiotic stress tolerance has been described. We have also discussed the molecular mechanism involved in the Si uptake in cereals, evolution of the Si transport mechanism and genetic variation in the Si concentration among different cultivars of the same species. Various genetic mutants deficient in the Si uptake have been developed and many QTLs governing the Si accumulation have been identified in cereals. The existing knowledge about the Si biology and available resources needs to be explored to understand and improve the Si accumulation in crop plants to achieve sustainability in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- B N Devanna
- ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha, India
| | - Rushil Mandlik
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI) Mohali, Punjab, India; Department of Biotechnology Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Gaurav Raturi
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI) Mohali, Punjab, India; Department of Biotechnology Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sreeja S Sudhakaran
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI) Mohali, Punjab, India; Department of Biotechnology Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Yogesh Sharma
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI) Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Shivani Sharma
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI) Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Nitika Rana
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI) Mohali, Punjab, India; Department of Biotechnology Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ruchi Bansal
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI) Mohali, Punjab, India; Department of Biotechnology Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Vitthal Barvkar
- Department of Botany, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, India
| | - Durgesh K Tripathi
- Amity Institute of Organic Agriculture, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, AUUP Campus Sector-125, Noida, India
| | - S M Shivaraj
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI) Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Rupesh Deshmukh
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI) Mohali, Punjab, India.
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El-Badri AM, Batool M, A. A. Mohamed I, Wang Z, Khatab A, Sherif A, Ahmad H, Khan MN, Hassan HM, Elrewainy IM, Kuai J, Zhou G, Wang B. Antioxidative and Metabolic Contribution to Salinity Stress Responses in Two Rapeseed Cultivars during the Early Seedling Stage. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10081227. [PMID: 34439475 PMCID: PMC8389040 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10081227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Measuring metabolite patterns and antioxidant ability is vital to understanding the physiological and molecular responses of plants under salinity. A morphological analysis of five rapeseed cultivars showed that Yangyou 9 and Zhongshuang 11 were the most salt-tolerant and -sensitive, respectively. In Yangyou 9, the reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and malondialdehyde (MDA) content were minimized by the activation of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) for scavenging of over-accumulated ROS under salinity stress. Furthermore, Yangyou 9 showed a significantly higher positive correlation with photosynthetic pigments, osmolyte accumulation, and an adjusted Na+/K+ ratio to improve salt tolerance compared to Zhongshuang 11. Out of 332 compounds identified in the metabolic profile, 225 metabolites were filtrated according to p < 0.05, and 47 metabolites responded to salt stress within tolerant and sensitive cultivars during the studied time, whereas 16 and 9 metabolic compounds accumulated during 12 and 24 h, respectively, in Yangyou 9 after being sown in salt treatment, including fatty acids, amino acids, and flavonoids. These metabolites are relevant to metabolic pathways (amino acid, sucrose, flavonoid metabolism, and tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA), which accumulated as a response to salinity stress. Thus, Yangyou 9, as a tolerant cultivar, showed improved antioxidant enzyme activity and higher metabolite accumulation, which enhances its tolerance against salinity. This work aids in elucidating the essential cellular metabolic changes in response to salt stress in rapeseed cultivars during seed germination. Meanwhile, the identified metabolites can act as biomarkers to characterize plant performance in breeding programs under salt stress. This comprehensive study of the metabolomics and antioxidant activities of Brassica napus L. during the early seedling stage is of great reference value for plant breeders to develop salt-tolerant rapeseed cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Mahmoud El-Badri
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (A.M.E.-B.); (M.B.); (I.A.A.M.); (Z.W.); (A.K.); (A.S.); (M.N.K.); (J.K.); (G.Z.)
- Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza 12619, Egypt; (H.M.H.); (I.M.E.)
| | - Maria Batool
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (A.M.E.-B.); (M.B.); (I.A.A.M.); (Z.W.); (A.K.); (A.S.); (M.N.K.); (J.K.); (G.Z.)
| | - Ibrahim A. A. Mohamed
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (A.M.E.-B.); (M.B.); (I.A.A.M.); (Z.W.); (A.K.); (A.S.); (M.N.K.); (J.K.); (G.Z.)
- Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63514, Egypt
| | - Zongkai Wang
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (A.M.E.-B.); (M.B.); (I.A.A.M.); (Z.W.); (A.K.); (A.S.); (M.N.K.); (J.K.); (G.Z.)
| | - Ahmed Khatab
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (A.M.E.-B.); (M.B.); (I.A.A.M.); (Z.W.); (A.K.); (A.S.); (M.N.K.); (J.K.); (G.Z.)
- Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza 12619, Egypt; (H.M.H.); (I.M.E.)
| | - Ahmed Sherif
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (A.M.E.-B.); (M.B.); (I.A.A.M.); (Z.W.); (A.K.); (A.S.); (M.N.K.); (J.K.); (G.Z.)
- Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza 12619, Egypt; (H.M.H.); (I.M.E.)
| | - Hasan Ahmad
- National Gene Bank, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza 12619, Egypt;
| | - Mohammad Nauman Khan
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (A.M.E.-B.); (M.B.); (I.A.A.M.); (Z.W.); (A.K.); (A.S.); (M.N.K.); (J.K.); (G.Z.)
| | - Hamada Mohamed Hassan
- Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza 12619, Egypt; (H.M.H.); (I.M.E.)
| | - Ibrahim M. Elrewainy
- Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza 12619, Egypt; (H.M.H.); (I.M.E.)
| | - Jie Kuai
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (A.M.E.-B.); (M.B.); (I.A.A.M.); (Z.W.); (A.K.); (A.S.); (M.N.K.); (J.K.); (G.Z.)
| | - Guangsheng Zhou
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (A.M.E.-B.); (M.B.); (I.A.A.M.); (Z.W.); (A.K.); (A.S.); (M.N.K.); (J.K.); (G.Z.)
| | - Bo Wang
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (A.M.E.-B.); (M.B.); (I.A.A.M.); (Z.W.); (A.K.); (A.S.); (M.N.K.); (J.K.); (G.Z.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.:+86-027-8728-2130 or +86-137-0719-2880
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Sun J, Wang J, Guo W, Yin T, Zhang S, Wang L, Xie D, Zou D. Identification of alkali-tolerant candidate genes using the NGS-assisted BSA strategy in rice. MOLECULAR BREEDING : NEW STRATEGIES IN PLANT IMPROVEMENT 2021; 41:44. [PMID: 37309384 PMCID: PMC10236117 DOI: 10.1007/s11032-021-01228-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a saline-alkali-sensitive crop. Saline-alkali environments can seriously affect the growth, development, and yield of rice. The mechanisms of salt tolerance and alkali tolerance in rice are different; thus, it is very important to study and explore the alkali-tolerant gene loci to improve the saline-alkali tolerance of rice varieties. In this study, the japonica rice varieties Dongnong 425 (DN425) and Changbai 10 (CB10) and a hybridized recombinant inbred line (RIL) population were used as materials to be irrigated with Na2CO3 solution under field test conditions. A resistant pool (R-pool) and a sensitive pool (S-pool) were constructed by selecting the lines with extremely high and extremely low 1000-grain weight (TGW), respectively, from the RIL population under alkali treatment. Four candidate TGW regions on chromosomes (Chr.) 2 and 3 were associated using the bulked segregant analysis (BSA) strategy assisted by next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology (NGS-assisted BSA). Using the linkage analysis, QTL-qATGW2-2 in the candidate region was mapped within a range of 116 Kb between the SSR marker RM13592 and the Indel marker Indel3 of Chr. 2, which contained 18 predictive genes. The BSA sequencing results showed that Os02g39884 contained a nonsynonymous substitution mutation SNP (nsSNP), leading to the transformation of a residue from arginine (cGg) to glutamine (cAg); thus, Os02g39884 was inferred to be the candidate gene of qATGW2-2. The results of the qRT-PCR analysis also confirmed this. This paper provides important information for the rapid and accurate identification of the alkali-tolerant gene loci in rice. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11032-021-01228-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Sun
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Enhancement, Physiology and Ecology of Food Crops in Cold Region, Chinese Ministry of Education (Northeast Agricultural University), Harbin, 150030 China
| | - Jingguo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Enhancement, Physiology and Ecology of Food Crops in Cold Region, Chinese Ministry of Education (Northeast Agricultural University), Harbin, 150030 China
| | - Wei Guo
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Enhancement, Physiology and Ecology of Food Crops in Cold Region, Chinese Ministry of Education (Northeast Agricultural University), Harbin, 150030 China
| | - Tianjiao Yin
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Enhancement, Physiology and Ecology of Food Crops in Cold Region, Chinese Ministry of Education (Northeast Agricultural University), Harbin, 150030 China
| | - Shuli Zhang
- Biotechnology Institute of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, 150086 China
| | - Liang Wang
- Kunming Tobacco Company of Yunnan Province, Kunming, 650051 China
| | - Dongwei Xie
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019 China
| | - Detang Zou
- Key Laboratory of Germplasm Enhancement, Physiology and Ecology of Food Crops in Cold Region, Chinese Ministry of Education (Northeast Agricultural University), Harbin, 150030 China
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Silicon stimulated bioactive and physiological metabolisms of purple corn ( Zea mays indentata L.) under deficit and well-watered conditions. 3 Biotech 2021; 11:319. [PMID: 34194903 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-021-02873-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Purple corn (PC) is known to be rich in many bioactive and polyphenolic compounds and these compounds' role in developing tolerance to unfavorable conditions is a matter of curiosity nowadays. We performed series of experiments to highlight the possible beneficial effects of Si priming [0, 0.75, 1.5, 3 and 6 mM] on PC's A (photosynthesis rate), E (transpiration rate), WUE (water use efficiency), SPAD, LN (leaf number), SL (seedling length), SW (seedling weight), proline, MDA (malondialdehyde), TAC (total anthocyanin content), TAA (total antioxidant activity), TPC (total phenolic content), Chl A-B (chlorophyll A-B) and carotenoids both under deficit and well-watered conditions. There was a 1-week period between each trait sampling. Among all Si treatments, 1.5 mM (TAC, WUE, MDA) was the most effective under drought while effects of 0.75 mM (A, E, TPC, MDA) were mostly remarkable under well-watered conditions. 6 mM silicon priming triggered the mechanism of drought tolerance of PC by increasing proline and TAA levels while it decreased MDA concentrations. Maximum WUE was obtained from 1.5 mM Si, and the highest carotenoid level was obtained from 3 mM Si treatment under drought. Drought stress made the growth parameters decrease although Si primed seedlings were stronger than the non-primed ones (0.75, 3 mM). Silicon had enhancive effects on TAC, carotenoids, WUE and proline concentrations under well-watered conditions as well. According to our results, Si priming had remarkable effects on drought tolerance and also had beneficial effects under well-watered conditions; hence may be an alternative approach to prevent water waste in the possible PC breeding areas.
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Abd El-Mageed TA, Shaaban A, Abd El-Mageed SA, Semida WM, Rady MOA. Silicon Defensive Role in Maize (Zea mays L.) against Drought Stress and Metals-Contaminated Irrigation Water. SILICON 2021; 13:2165-2176. [DOI: 10.1007/s12633-020-00690-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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Pereira AS, Bortolin GS, Dorneles AOS, Meneghello GE, do Amarante L, Mauch CR. Silicon seed priming attenuates cadmium toxicity in lettuce seedlings. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:21101-21109. [PMID: 33405115 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-12249-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the silicon (Si) capacity to attenuate the cadmium (Cd) effects on seed germination and seedling performance of lettuce. The seeds were subjected to three priming levels: without priming, hydropriming, and Si priming. Afterwards, the seeds were placed to germinate on paper moistened with the absence (0 mM) and presence (1 mM) of Cd. Seeds exposed to Cd showed the same percentage of germination verified in seeds unexposed to this metal (99%). Si priming increases 16% the germination speed of seeds not exposed to Cd and promoted greater expression of esterase during seed germination. However, Cd promoted the decrease of the intensity of esterase and acid phosphatase expression, regardless of the seed priming technique used. Although it does not influence the germination percentage of lettuce seeds, Cd markedly reduced the dry weight of seedlings. This harmful effect caused by the Cd was 33% minimized with Si priming. In addition to the lower weight, Cd induced a significant reduction in antioxidant activity in seedlings. However, Si seed priming caused a greater antioxidant activity-with emphasis on catalase-and, consequently, less lipid peroxidation. In conclusion, Si seed priming contributes to minimize the Cd effects in lettuce seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Soares Pereira
- Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Agronomy "Eliseu Maciel" (FAEM), Federal University of Pelotas, Eliseu Maciel Avenue, Capão do Leão, RS, 96160-000, Brazil.
| | - Gabriel Streck Bortolin
- Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Agronomy "Eliseu Maciel" (FAEM), Federal University of Pelotas, Eliseu Maciel Avenue, Capão do Leão, RS, 96160-000, Brazil
| | | | - Geri Eduardo Meneghello
- Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Agronomy "Eliseu Maciel" (FAEM), Federal University of Pelotas, Eliseu Maciel Avenue, Capão do Leão, RS, 96160-000, Brazil
| | - Luciano do Amarante
- Department of Botany, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Pelotas, Capão do Leão, RS, Brazil
| | - Carlos Rogério Mauch
- Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Agronomy "Eliseu Maciel" (FAEM), Federal University of Pelotas, Eliseu Maciel Avenue, Capão do Leão, RS, 96160-000, Brazil
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Ramírez-Olvera SM, Trejo-Téllez LI, Gómez-Merino FC, Ruíz-Posadas LDM, Alcántar-González EG, Saucedo-Veloz C. Silicon Stimulates Plant Growth and Metabolism in Rice Plants under Conventional and Osmotic Stress Conditions. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:777. [PMID: 33920948 PMCID: PMC8071275 DOI: 10.3390/plants10040777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Exogenous silicon (Si) can enhance plant resistance to various abiotic factors causing osmotic stress. The objective of this research was to evaluate the application of 1 and 2 mM Si to plants under normal conditions and under osmotic stress. Morelos A-98 rice seedlings, were treated with 1 and 2 mM SiO2 for 28 d. Subsequently, half of the plants were subjected to osmotic stress with the addition of 10% polyethylene glycol (PEG) 8000; and continued with the addition of Si (0, 1 and 2 mM SiO2) for both conditions. The application of Si under both conditions increased chlorophyll b in leaves, root volume, as well as fresh and dry biomass of roots. Interestingly, the number of tillers, shoot fresh and dry biomass, shoot water content, concentration of total chlorophyll, chlorophyll a/b ratio, and the concentration of total sugars and proline in shoot increased with the addition of Si under osmotic stress conditions. The addition of Si under normal conditions decreased the concentration of sugars in the roots, K and Mn in roots, and increased the concentration of Fe and Zn in shoots. Therefore, Si can be used as a potent inorganic biostimulant in rice Morelos A-98 since it stimulates plant growth and modulates the concentration of vital biomolecules and essential nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Monzerrat Ramírez-Olvera
- Department of Plant Physiology, College of Postgraduates in Agricultural Sciences Campus Montecillo, Montecillo 56230, Mexico;
| | - Libia Iris Trejo-Téllez
- Department of Soil Science, College of Postgraduates in Agricultural Sciences Campus Montecillo, Montecillo 56230, Mexico;
| | - Fernando Carlos Gómez-Merino
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Postgraduates in Agricultural Sciences Campus Córdoba, Amatlán de los Reyes, Veracruz 94953, Mexico
| | - Lucero del Mar Ruíz-Posadas
- Department of Botany, College of Postgraduates in Agricultural Sciences Campus Montecillo, Montecillo 56230, Mexico;
| | | | - Crescenciano Saucedo-Veloz
- Department of Fruit Growing, College of Postgraduates in Agricultural Sciences Campus Montecillo, Montecillo 56230, Mexico;
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Mostofa MG, Rahman MM, Ansary MMU, Keya SS, Abdelrahman M, Miah MG, Phan Tran LS. Silicon in mitigation of abiotic stress-induced oxidative damage in plants. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2021; 41:918-934. [PMID: 33784900 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2021.1892582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and their destructive effects on cellular organelles are the hallmark features of plants exposed to abiotic stresses. Plants are well-equipped with defensive mechanisms like antioxidant systems to deal with ROS-induced oxidative stress. Silicon has been emerged as an important regulator of plant protective mechanisms under environmental stresses, which can be up-taken from soil through a system of various silicon-transporters. In plants, silicon is deposited underneath of cuticles and in the cell wall, and help plant cells reduce deleterious effects of stresses. Furthermore, silicon can provide resistance to ROS-toxicity, which often accounts for silicon-mediated improvement of plant tolerance to different abiotic constraints, including salinity, drought, and metal toxicity. Silicon enhances the ROS-detoxification ability of treated plants by modulating the antioxidant defense systems, and the expression of key genes associated with oxidative stress mitigation and hormone metabolism. Silicon also displays additive roles in ROS-elimination when supplied with other external stimuli. Here, we discuss recent findings on how silicon is able to modulate antioxidant defense of plants in response to oxidative stress triggered by different abiotic constraints. We also review interactions of silicon with other signaling molecules, including nitric oxide, ROS, polyamines, and phytohormones in the mediation of plant protection against abiotic stress-induced oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Golam Mostofa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mezanur Rahman
- Department of Agroforestry and Environment, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mesbah Uddin Ansary
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Sanjida Sultana Keya
- Department of Agroforestry and Environment, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | | | - Md Giashuddin Miah
- Department of Agroforestry and Environment, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - Lam-Son Phan Tran
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam.,Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA.,Stress Adaptation Research Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Japan
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47
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Selenium Alleviates the Adverse Effect of Drought in Oilseed Crops Camelina ( Camelina sativa L.) and Canola ( Brassica napus L.). Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26061699. [PMID: 33803724 PMCID: PMC8003272 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26061699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Drought poses a serious threat to oilseed crops by lowering yield and crop failures under prolonged spells. A multi-year field investigation was conducted to enhance the drought tolerance in four genotypes of Camelina and canola by selenium (Se) application. The principal aim of the research was to optimize the crop yield by eliciting the physio-biochemical attributes by alleviating the adverse effects of drought stress. Both crops were cultivated under control (normal irrigation) and drought stress (skipping irrigation at stages i.e., vegetative and reproductive) conditions. Four different treatments of Se viz., seed priming with Se (75 μM), foliar application of Se (7.06 μM), foliar application of Se + Seed priming with Se (7.06 μM and 75 μM, respectively) and control (without Se), were implemented at the vegetative and reproductive stages of both crops. Sodium selenite (Na2SeO3), an inorganic compound was used as Se sources for both seed priming and foliar application. Data regarding physiochemical, antioxidants, and yield components were recorded as response variables at crop maturity. Results indicated that WP, OP, TP, proline, TSS, TFAA, TPr, TS, total chlorophyll contents, osmoprotectant (GB, anthocyanin, TPC, and flavonoids), antioxidants (APX, SOD, POD, and CAT), and yield components (number of branches per plant, thousand seed weight, seed, and biological yields were significantly improved by foliar Se + priming Se in both crops under drought stress. Moreover, this treatment was also helpful in boosting yield attributes under irrigated (non-stress) conditions. Camelina genotypes responded better to Se application as seed priming and foliar spray than canola for both years. It has concluded that Se application (either foliar or priming) can potentially alleviate adverse effects of drought stress in camelina and canola by eliciting various physio-biochemicals attributes under drought stress. Furthermore, Se application was also helpful for crop health under irrigated condition.
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48
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Ali LG, Nulit R, Ibrahim MH, Yien CYS. Efficacy of KNO 3, SiO 2 and SA priming for improving emergence, seedling growth and antioxidant enzymes of rice (Oryza sativa), under drought. Sci Rep 2021; 11:3864. [PMID: 33594103 PMCID: PMC7887194 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-83434-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Rice is an important staple crop produced and consumed worldwide. However, poor seed emergence is one of the main impediments to obtaining higher yield of rice especially in hot and dry ecosystems of the world that are ravaged by drought. Therefore, this study was carried out to evaluate the effects of potassium nitrate (KNO3), salicylic acid (SA) and silicon dioxide (SiO2) priming in improving emergence, seedling growth, biochemical attributes and antioxidant activities of FARO44 rice under drought conditions. Rice seedlings primed with 2.5% and 5% KNO3, 3% and 3.5% SiO2, and 1 mM and 2.5 mM SA were subjected to three drought levels of low, moderate and severe under the greenhouse. Seed emergence, seedling growth, biochemical attributes and antioxidant activities were thereafter evaluated. Seed priming experiments were laid in a completely randomized design with five replicates per treatment. The results found that rice seedlings responded differently to different priming treatments. However, all primed rice seedlings had significantly (P ≤ 0.05) improved emergence percentage (72-92%), seedling growth, seedling vigor, seedling fresh and dry biomass and shorter emergence time compared with controls. Likewise, total soluble protein content, activities of catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and superoxide dismutase, carbohydrate, soluble sugar and total chlorophyll contents of rice seedlings were increased by more than two-folds by seed priming compared with control. Salicylic acid showed less effect in increasing emergence, seedling growth, antioxidant activities and biochemical attributes of rice. Thus, this study established that seed priming with KNO3 (2.5% and 5%) and SiO2 (3% and 3.5%) were more effective in improving emergence, seedling growth, biochemical attributes and antioxidant activities of FARO44. Thus, priming of FARO44 rice with this chemical is recommended for fast emergence, seedling growth and drought resistance in dry ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawan Gana Ali
- Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Mai Idris Alooma Polytechnic, Geidam, Yobe State Nigeria ,grid.11142.370000 0001 2231 800XDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Selangor, Darul Ehsan Malaysia
| | - Rosimah Nulit
- grid.11142.370000 0001 2231 800XDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Selangor, Darul Ehsan Malaysia
| | - Mohd Hafiz Ibrahim
- grid.11142.370000 0001 2231 800XDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Selangor, Darul Ehsan Malaysia
| | - Christina Yong Seok Yien
- grid.11142.370000 0001 2231 800XDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Selangor, Darul Ehsan Malaysia
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Singh S, Singh UB, Trivdi M, Malviya D, Sahu PK, Roy M, Sharma PK, Singh HV, Manna MC, Saxena AK. Restructuring the Cellular Responses: Connecting Microbial Intervention With Ecological Fitness and Adaptiveness to the Maize ( Zea mays L.) Grown in Saline-Sodic Soil. Front Microbiol 2021; 11:568325. [PMID: 33643224 PMCID: PMC7907600 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.568325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Salt stress hampers plant growth and development. It is now becoming one of the most important threats to agricultural productivity. Rhizosphere microorganisms play key roles in modulating cellular responses and enable plant tolerant to salt stress, but the detailed mechanisms of how this occurs need in-depth investigation. The present study elucidated that the microbe-mediated restructuring of the cellular responses leads to ecological fitness and adaptiveness to the maize (Zea mays L.) grown in saline-sodic soil. In the present study, effects of seed biopriming with B. safensis MF-01, B. altitudinis MF-15, and B. velezensis MF-08 singly and in consortium on different growth parameters were recorded. Soil biochemical and enzymatic analyses were performed. The activity and gene expression of High-Affinity K+ Transporter (ZmHKT-1), Sodium/Hydrogen exchanger 1 (zmNHX1), and antioxidant enzymes (ZmAPX1.2, ZmBADH-1, ZmCAT, ZmMPK5, ZmMPK7, and ZmCPK11) were studied. The expression of genes related to lateral root development (ZmHO-1, ZmGSL-1, and ZmGSL-3) and root architecture were also carried out. Seeds bioprimed with consortium of all three strains have been shown to confer increased seed germination (23.34-26.31%) and vigor indices (vigor index I: 38.71-53.68% and vigor index II: 74.11-82.43%) as compared to untreated control plant grown in saline-sodic soil at 30 days of sowing. Results indicated that plants treated with consortium of three strains induced early production of adventitious roots (tips: 4889.29, forks: 7951.57, and crossings: 2296.45) in maize compared to plants primed with single strains and untreated control (tips: 2019.25, forks: 3021.45, and crossings: 388.36), which was further confirmed by assessing the transcript level of ZmHO-1 (7.20 folds), ZmGSL-1 (4.50 folds), and ZmGSL-3 (12.00 folds) genes using the qPCR approach. The uptake and translocation of Na+, K+, and Ca2+ significantly varied in the plants treated with bioagents alone or in consortium. qRT-PCR analysis also revealed that the ZmHKT-1 and zmNHX1 expression levels varied significantly in the maize root upon inoculation and showed a 6- to 11-fold increase in the plants bioprimed with all the three strains in combination. Further, the activity and gene expression levels of antioxidant enzymes were significantly higher in the leaves of maize subjected seed biopriming with bioagents individually or in combination (3.50- to 12.00-fold). Our research indicated that ZmHKT-1 and zmNHX1 expression could effectively enhance salt tolerance by maintaining an optimal Na+/K+ balance and increasing the antioxidant activity that keeps reactive oxygen species at a low accumulation level. Interestingly, up-regulation of ZmHKT-1, NHX1, ZmHO-1, ZmGSL-1, and ZmGSL-3 and genes encoding antioxidants regulates the cellular responses that could effectively enhance the adaptiveness and ultimately leads to better plant growth and grain production in the maize crop grown in saline-sodic soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shailendra Singh
- Plant-Microbe Interaction and Rhizosphere Biology Lab, ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Kushmaur, India
| | - Udai B. Singh
- Plant-Microbe Interaction and Rhizosphere Biology Lab, ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Kushmaur, India
| | - Mala Trivdi
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow, India
| | - Deepti Malviya
- Plant-Microbe Interaction and Rhizosphere Biology Lab, ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Kushmaur, India
| | - Pramod K. Sahu
- Plant-Microbe Interaction and Rhizosphere Biology Lab, ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Kushmaur, India
| | - Manish Roy
- Plant-Microbe Interaction and Rhizosphere Biology Lab, ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Kushmaur, India
| | - Pawan K. Sharma
- Plant-Microbe Interaction and Rhizosphere Biology Lab, ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Kushmaur, India
| | - Harsh V. Singh
- Plant-Microbe Interaction and Rhizosphere Biology Lab, ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Kushmaur, India
| | - M. C. Manna
- Soil Biology Division, ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil Science, Bhopal, India
| | - Anil K. Saxena
- Plant-Microbe Interaction and Rhizosphere Biology Lab, ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Kushmaur, India
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Dawood MFA, Sohag AAM, Tahjib-Ul-Arif M, Abdel Latef AAH. Hydrogen sulfide priming can enhance the tolerance of artichoke seedlings to individual and combined saline-alkaline and aniline stresses. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 159:347-362. [PMID: 33434783 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Regulatory roles of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) under saline-alkaline and/or aniline stress have not been studied yet. In this study, we investigated the insights into saline-alkaline and/or aniline stresses-induced toxicity in artichoke plants and its alleviation by H2S priming. Individual saline-alkaline or aniline stress and their combination reduced plant growth and photosynthetic pigments. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that these detrimental impacts were caused by the higher oxidative damage and disruption of osmolyte homeostasis. Interestingly, only aniline stress (25 mg L-1) caused neither oxidative nor osmotic stress thus almost slight growth retarding effects had ensued. On the other hand, the presence of aniline in saline-alkaline conditions exacerbated stress-induced deleterious effects on plants, as evidenced by PCA and heatmap. However, H2S priming markedly eased the stress-induced deleteriousness as evident by enhanced chlorophyll, soluble proteins, soluble carbohydrates and up-regulated water relation in H2S-primmed plants compared with only stressed plants resulting in improved plant phenotypic features. Furthermore, H2S priming enhanced endogenous H2S content, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, non-enzymatic antioxidants (ascorbic acid, flavonoids, glutathione, α-tocopherol, and anthocyanins) and enzymatic antioxidants (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and ascorbate peroxidase), whereas reduced oxidative stress markers (superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radical, malondialdehyde, and methylglyoxal) compared with only stressed plants, indicating a protective function of H2S against oxidative damage. The PCA also clarified that H2S-mediated saline-alkaline and/or aniline stress tolerance strongly connected with the improved antioxidant system. Overall, our finding proposed that H2S priming could be an effective technique to mitigate saline-alkaline and/or aniline stress in artichoke, and perhaps in other crop plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona F A Dawood
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut 71516, Egypt
| | - Abdullah Al Mamun Sohag
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Md Tahjib-Ul-Arif
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Arafat Abdel Hamed Abdel Latef
- Department of Biology, Turabah University College, Turabah Branch, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia.
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