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Li H, Liang Z, Chao Y, Wei X, Zou Y, Qu H, Wang J, Li M, Huang W, Luo J, Peng X. Exploring the GRAS gene family in Taraxacum kok-saghyz Rodin:characterization, evolutionary relationships, and expression analyses in response to abiotic stresses. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 733:150693. [PMID: 39326257 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Revised: 09/03/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024]
Abstract
The GRAS gene is an important specific transcription factor in plants, which has multiple functions such as signal transduction, cell morphogenesis and stress response. Although it is widely distributed in plants and has been characterized in several species, however, information about the GRAS family in Taraxacum kok-saghyz Rodin remains unknown. Here, TkGRAS family members were identified and analyzed for molecular characterization, tissue expression patterns and induced expression patterns. A total of 64 GRAS family members were identified at the genome-wide level, which could be categorized into 14 subfamilies by phylogenetic analysis. Most TkGRASs were intronless and had essentially the same gene structure in the same subfamily. Meanwhile, there were multiple response elements found in the promoters of TkGRASs. Tissue expression patterns and induced expression patterns showed that TkGRASs were expressed in different tissues and induced by abiotic stresses. Notably, the expression level of TkGRAS20 was up-regulated under different stresses, suggesting that this gene plays a pivotal role in the stress response. TkGRAS20 showed transcriptional activity in yeast cells and localized in the nucleus and plasma membrane. In conclusion, our study provided valuable insights into the genetic mechanisms underlying stress tolerance in TKS, and several key genes may be used for genetic breeding to improve stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Li
- Anhui Agricultural University, School of Life Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zeyuan Liang
- Anhui Agricultural University, School of Life Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yunhan Chao
- Anhui Agricultural University, School of Life Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiao Wei
- Anhui Agricultural University, School of Life Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yan Zou
- Anhui Agricultural University, School of Life Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Haibo Qu
- Anhui Agricultural University, School of Life Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jiahua Wang
- Anhui Agricultural University, School of Life Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Menglong Li
- Anhui Agricultural University, School of Life Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Wanchang Huang
- Anhui Agricultural University, School of Life Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jinxue Luo
- Anhui Agricultural University, School of Life Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China; Guangdong ZhongXun Agri-science Corporation, Huizhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Xiaojian Peng
- Anhui Agricultural University, School of Life Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China.
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Shen H, Zhou Y, Xiao H, Ding Y, Chen G, Yang Z, Hu Z, Wu T. SlFSR positively regulates ethylene biosynthesis and lycopene accumulation during fruit ripening in tomato. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 215:109008. [PMID: 39226760 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
Transcription factors (TFs) are crucial for regulating fruit ripening in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). The GRAS (GAI, RGA, and SCR) TFs are involved in various physiological processes, but their role in fruit ripening has seldom been reported. We have previously identified a gene encoding GRAS protein named SlFSR (Fruit Shelf-life Regulator), which is implicated in fruit ripening by regulating cell wall metabolism; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that SlFSR proteins are localized to the nucleus, where they could bind to specific DNA sequences. SlFSR acts downstream of the master ripening regulator RIN and could collaborate with RIN to control the ripening process by regulating expression of ethylene biosynthesis genes. In SlFSR-CR (CRISPR/Cas9) mutants, the initiation of fruit ripening was not affected but the reduced ethylene production and a delayed coloring process occurred. RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) and promoter analysis reveal that SlFSR directly binds to the promoters of two key ethylene biosynthesis genes (SlACO1 and SlACO3) and activates their expression. However, SlFSR-CR fruits displayed a significant down-regulation of key rate-limiting genes (SlDXS1 and SlGGPPS2) in the 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) pathway, which may account for the impaired lycopene synthesis. Altogether, we propose that SlFSR positively regulates ethylene biosynthesis and lycopene accumulation, providing valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying fruit ripening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Shen
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Tomato, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China; Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biology of Yunnan Province, College of Landscape and Horticulture, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Tomato, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Haojun Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biology of Yunnan Province, College of Landscape and Horticulture, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Yingfeng Ding
- Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biology of Yunnan Province, College of Landscape and Horticulture, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Guoping Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Tomato, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Zheng'an Yang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biology of Yunnan Province, College of Landscape and Horticulture, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Zongli Hu
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Tomato, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China.
| | - Ting Wu
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Tomato, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China.
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Hao DL, Zhou JY, Qu J, Lu HL, Li L, Yao X, Chen JB, Liu JX, Guo HL, Zong JQ. Screening of environmental stimuli for the positive regulation of stomatal aperture in centipedegrass. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 213:108838. [PMID: 38878388 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
Grasslands, the largest carbon pool in China, possess enormous potential for carbon sequestration. Increasing the stomatal aperture to increase the CO2 absorption capacity is a potential method to improve plant photosynthetic efficiency and ultimately enhance the carbon sequestration capacity of grass plants. Research on stomatal aperture regulation has focused mostly on Arabidopsis or crops, while research on grass plants in these areas is scarce, which seriously restricts the implementation of this grassland carbon sequestration strategy. Here, a widely used ecological grass, centipedegrass, was used as the experimental material. First, a convenient method for observing the stomatal aperture was developed. The leaves were floated in a potassium ion-containing open solution (67 mM KCl, pH 6.0) with the adaxial surface rather than the abaxial surface in contact with the solution and were cultivated under light for 1.5 h. Then, nail polish was applied on the adaxial surface, and a large number of open stomata were imprinted. Second, with the help of this improved method, the concentration‒response characteristics of the stomatal aperture to eleven environmental stimuli were tested. The stomatal aperture is dependent on these environmental stimuli in a concentration-dependent manner. The addition of 100 μM brassinolide led to the maximal stomatal aperture. This study provided a technical basis for manipulating stomatal opening to increase the carbon sequestration capacity of centipedegrass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Li Hao
- The National Forestry and Grassland Administration Engineering Research Center for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Warm-Season Turfgrasses, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Jin-Yan Zhou
- Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forest, Jurong, 212400, China
| | - Jia Qu
- The National Forestry and Grassland Administration Engineering Research Center for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Warm-Season Turfgrasses, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing, 210014, China; Sanya Nanfan Research Institute of Hainan University, Sanya, 572025, China
| | - Hai-Long Lu
- The National Forestry and Grassland Administration Engineering Research Center for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Warm-Season Turfgrasses, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Ling Li
- The National Forestry and Grassland Administration Engineering Research Center for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Warm-Season Turfgrasses, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Xiang Yao
- The National Forestry and Grassland Administration Engineering Research Center for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Warm-Season Turfgrasses, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Jing-Bo Chen
- The National Forestry and Grassland Administration Engineering Research Center for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Warm-Season Turfgrasses, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Jian-Xiu Liu
- The National Forestry and Grassland Administration Engineering Research Center for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Warm-Season Turfgrasses, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Hai-Lin Guo
- The National Forestry and Grassland Administration Engineering Research Center for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Warm-Season Turfgrasses, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing, 210014, China.
| | - Jun-Qin Zong
- The National Forestry and Grassland Administration Engineering Research Center for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Warm-Season Turfgrasses, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing, 210014, China.
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Zhang HX, Zhang Y, Zhang BW. Pepper SBP-box transcription factor, CaSBP13, plays a negatively role in drought response. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1412685. [PMID: 39070917 PMCID: PMC11272568 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1412685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
The SBP-box gene significantly influences plant growth, development, and stress responses, yet its function in pepper plants during drought stress remains unexplored. Using virus-induced gene silencing and overexpression strategies, we examined the role of CaSBP13 during drought stress in plants. The results revealed that the expression of CaSBP13 can be induced by drought stress. Silencing of CaSBP13 in pepper notably boosted drought resistance, as evident by decreased active oxygen levels. Furthermore, the water loss rate, relative electrical conductivity, malondialdehyde content, and stomatal density were reduced in CaSBP13-silenced plants compared to controls. In contrast, CaSBP13 overexpression in Nicotiana benthamiana decreased drought tolerance with elevated reactive oxygen levels and stomatal density. Additionally, ABA signaling pathway genes (CaPP2C, CaAREB) exhibited reduced expression levels in CaSBP13-silenced plants post drought stress, as compared to control plants. On the contrary, CaPYL9 and CaSNRK2.4 showed heightened expression in CaSBP13-sienced plants under the same conditions. However, a converse trend for NbAREB, NbSNRK2.4, and NbPYL9 was observed post-four day drought in CaSBP13-overexpression plants. These findings suggest that CaSBP13 negatively regulates drought tolerance in pepper, potentially via ROS and ABA signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huai-Xia Zhang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
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5
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Song Z, Wang R, Zhang H, Tong Z, Yuan C, Li Y, Huang C, Zhao L, Wang Y, Di Y, Sui X. Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals nicotine metabolism is a critical component for enhancing stress response intensity of innate immunity system in tobacco. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1338169. [PMID: 38595766 PMCID: PMC11003474 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1338169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
The pyridine alkaloid nicotine acts as one of best-studied plant resistant traits in tobacco. Previous research has shown that NtERF199 and NtERF189, acting as master regulators within the NIC1 and NIC2 locus, quantitatively contribute to nicotine accumulation levels in N. tabacum. Genome editing-created Nic1(Nterf199) and Nic2 (Nterf189) double mutant provides an ideal platform for precisely dissecting the defensive role of nicotine and the connection between the nicotine biosynthetic pathway with other putative metabolic networks. Taking this advantage, we performed a comparative transcriptomic analysis to reevaluate the potential physiological and metabolic changes in response to nicotine synthesis defect by comparing the nic1nic2 and NIC1NIC2 plants. Our findings revealed that nicotine reduction could systematically diminishes the expression intensities of genes associated with stimulus perception, signal transduction and regulation, as well as secondary metabolic flux. Consequently, this global expression reduction might compromise tobacco adaptions to environmental fitness, herbivore resistances, and plant growth and development. The up-regulation of a novel set of stress-responsive and metabolic pathway genes might signify a newly established metabolic reprogramming to tradeoff the detrimental effect of nicotine loss. These results offer additional compelling evidence regarding nicotine's critical defensive role in nature and highlights the tight link between nicotine biosynthesis and gene expression levels of quantitative resistance-related genes for better environmental adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongbang Song
- National Tobacco Genetic Engineering Research Center, Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Ruixue Wang
- National Tobacco Genetic Engineering Research Center, Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Hongbo Zhang
- Plant Functional Component Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Zhijun Tong
- National Tobacco Genetic Engineering Research Center, Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Cheng Yuan
- National Tobacco Genetic Engineering Research Center, Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yong Li
- National Tobacco Genetic Engineering Research Center, Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Changjun Huang
- National Tobacco Genetic Engineering Research Center, Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Lu Zhao
- National Tobacco Genetic Engineering Research Center, Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yuehu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yingtong Di
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Xueyi Sui
- National Tobacco Genetic Engineering Research Center, Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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6
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Fan Y, Wan X, Zhang X, Zhang J, Zheng C, Yang Q, Yang L, Li X, Feng L, Zou L, Xiang D. GRAS gene family in rye (Secale cereale L.): genome-wide identification, phylogeny, evolutionary expansion and expression analyses. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:46. [PMID: 38216860 PMCID: PMC10787399 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04674-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The GRAS transcription factor family plays a crucial role in various biological processes in different plants, such as tissue development, fruit maturation, and environmental stress. However, the GRAS family in rye has not been systematically analyzed yet. RESULTS In this study, 67 GRAS genes in S. cereale were identified and named based on the chromosomal location. The gene structures, conserved motifs, cis-acting elements, gene replications, and expression patterns were further analyzed. These 67 ScGRAS members are divided into 13 subfamilies. All members include the LHR I, VHIID, LHR II, PFYRE, and SAW domains, and some nonpolar hydrophobic amino acid residues may undergo cross-substitution in the VHIID region. Interested, tandem duplications may have a more important contribution, which distinguishes them from other monocotyledonous plants. To further investigate the evolutionary relationship of the GRAS family, we constructed six comparative genomic maps of homologous genes between rye and different representative monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plants. The response characteristics of 19 ScGRAS members from different subfamilies to different tissues, grains at filling stages, and different abiotic stresses of rye were systematically analyzed. Paclobutrazol, a triazole-based plant growth regulator, controls plant tissue and grain development by inhibiting gibberellic acid (GA) biosynthesis through the regulation of DELLA proteins. Exogenous spraying of paclobutrazol significantly reduced the plant height but was beneficial for increasing the weight of 1000 grains of rye. Treatment with paclobutrazol, significantly reduced gibberellin levels in grain in the filling period, caused significant alteration in the expression of the DELLA subfamily gene members. Furthermore, our findings with respect to genes, ScGRAS46 and ScGRAS60, suggest that these two family members could be further used for functional characterization studies in basic research and in breeding programmes for crop improvement. CONCLUSIONS We identified 67 ScGRAS genes in rye and further analysed the evolution and expression patterns of the encoded proteins. This study will be helpful for further analysing the functional characteristics of ScGRAS genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Fan
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, College of Food and Biological engineering, Chengdu University, Longquanyi District, Chengdu, 610106, Sichuan Province, P.R. China
| | - Xianqi Wan
- Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Machinery Science, Chengdu, 610011, P.R. China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, College of Food and Biological engineering, Chengdu University, Longquanyi District, Chengdu, 610106, Sichuan Province, P.R. China
| | - Jieyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, College of Food and Biological engineering, Chengdu University, Longquanyi District, Chengdu, 610106, Sichuan Province, P.R. China
| | - Chunyu Zheng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Xinjiang Institute of Technology, Aksu, 843100, P.R. China
| | - Qiaohui Yang
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, College of Food and Biological engineering, Chengdu University, Longquanyi District, Chengdu, 610106, Sichuan Province, P.R. China
| | - Li Yang
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, College of Food and Biological engineering, Chengdu University, Longquanyi District, Chengdu, 610106, Sichuan Province, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolong Li
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, College of Food and Biological engineering, Chengdu University, Longquanyi District, Chengdu, 610106, Sichuan Province, P.R. China
| | - Liang Feng
- Chengdu Institute of Food Inspection, Chengdu, 610000, P.R. China
| | - Liang Zou
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, College of Food and Biological engineering, Chengdu University, Longquanyi District, Chengdu, 610106, Sichuan Province, P.R. China.
| | - Dabing Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, College of Food and Biological engineering, Chengdu University, Longquanyi District, Chengdu, 610106, Sichuan Province, P.R. China.
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Neves C, Ribeiro B, Amaro R, Expósito J, Grimplet J, Fortes AM. Network of GRAS transcription factors in plant development, fruit ripening and stress responses. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2023; 10:uhad220. [PMID: 38077496 PMCID: PMC10699852 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhad220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
The plant-specific family of GRAS transcription factors has been wide implicated in the regulation of transcriptional reprogramming associated with a diversity of biological functions ranging from plant development processes to stress responses. Functional analyses of GRAS transcription factors supported by in silico structural and comparative analyses are emerging and clarifying the regulatory networks associated with their biological roles. In this review, a detailed analysis of GRAS proteins' structure and biochemical features as revealed by recent discoveries indicated how these characteristics may impact subcellular location, molecular mechanisms, and function. Nomenclature issues associated with GRAS classification into different subfamilies in diverse plant species even in the presence of robust genomic resources are discussed, in particular how it affects assumptions of biological function. Insights into the mechanisms driving evolution of this gene family and how genetic and epigenetic regulation of GRAS contributes to subfunctionalization are provided. Finally, this review debates challenges and future perspectives on the application of this complex but promising gene family for crop improvement to cope with challenges of environmental transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Neves
- BioISI–Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Beatriz Ribeiro
- BioISI–Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Rute Amaro
- BioISI–Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Jesús Expósito
- BioISI–Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Jérôme Grimplet
- Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Agroalimentaria de Aragón (CITA), Departamento de Ciencia Vegetal, Gobierno de Aragón, Avda. Montañana 930, 50059 Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón—IA2 (CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza), Calle Miguel Servet 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ana Margarida Fortes
- BioISI–Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
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Li F, Chen G, Xie Q, Zhou S, Hu Z. Down-regulation of SlGT-26 gene confers dwarf plants and enhances drought and salt stress resistance in tomato. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 203:108053. [PMID: 37769452 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Plant architecture, an important agronomic trait closely associated with yield, is governed by a highly intricate molecular network. Despite extensive research, many mysteries surrounding this regulation remain unresolved. Trihelix transcription factor family plays a crucial role in the development of plant morphology and abiotic stresses. Here, we identified a novel trihelix transcription factor named SlGT-26, and its down-regulation led to significant alterations in plant architecture, including dwarfing, reduced internode length, smaller leaves, and shorter petioles. The dwarf phenotype of SlGT-26 silenced transgenic plants could be recovered after spraying exogenous GA3, and the GA3 content were decreased in the RNAi plants. Additionally, the expression levels of gibberellin-related genes were affected in the RNAi lines. These results indicate that the dwarf of SlGT-26-RNAi plants may be a kind of GA3-sensitive dwarf. SlGT-26 was response to drought and salt stress treatments. SlGT-26-RNAi transgenic plants demonstrated significantly enhanced drought resistance and salt tolerance in comparison to their wild-type tomato counterparts. SlGT-26-RNAi transgenic plants grew better, had higher relative water content and lower MDA and H2O2 contents. The expression of multiple stress-related genes was also up-regulated. In summary, we have discovered a novel gene, SlGT-26, which plays a crucial role in regulating plant architecture and in respond to drought and salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenfen Li
- Laboratory of molecular biology of tomato, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China.
| | - Guoping Chen
- Laboratory of molecular biology of tomato, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China.
| | - Qiaoli Xie
- Laboratory of molecular biology of tomato, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China.
| | - Shengen Zhou
- Laboratory of molecular biology of tomato, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China.
| | - Zongli Hu
- Laboratory of molecular biology of tomato, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China.
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9
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Tian S, Wan Y, Jiang D, Gong M, Lin J, Xia M, Shi C, Xing H, Li HL. Genome-Wide Identification, Characterization, and Expression Analysis of GRAS Gene Family in Ginger ( Zingiber officinale Roscoe). Genes (Basel) 2022; 14:96. [PMID: 36672837 PMCID: PMC9859583 DOI: 10.3390/genes14010096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
GRAS family proteins are one of the most abundant transcription factors in plants; they play crucial roles in plant development, metabolism, and biotic- and abiotic-stress responses. The GRAS family has been identified and functionally characterized in some plant species. However, this family in ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe), a medicinal crop and non-prescription drug, remains unknown to date. In the present study, 66 GRAS genes were identified by searching the complete genome sequence of ginger. The GRAS family is divided into nine subfamilies based on the phylogenetic analyses. The GRAS genes are distributed unevenly across 11 chromosomes. By analyzing the gene structure and motif distribution of GRAS members in ginger, we found that the GRAS genes have more than one cis-acting element. Chromosomal location and duplication analysis indicated that whole-genome duplication, tandem duplication, and segmental duplication may be responsible for the expansion of the GRAS family in ginger. The expression levels of GRAS family genes are different in ginger roots and stems, indicating that these genes may have an impact on ginger development. In addition, the GRAS genes in ginger showed extensive expression patterns under different abiotic stresses, suggesting that they may play important roles in the stress response. Our study provides a comprehensive analysis of GRAS members in ginger for the first time, which will help to better explore the function of GRAS genes in the regulation of tissue development and response to stress in ginger.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuming Tian
- College of Landscape Architecture and life Science/Institute of special Plants, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402168, China
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing 404020, China
| | - Yuepeng Wan
- College of Landscape Architecture and life Science/Institute of special Plants, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402168, China
| | - Dongzhu Jiang
- College of Landscape Architecture and life Science/Institute of special Plants, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402168, China
| | - Min Gong
- College of Landscape Architecture and life Science/Institute of special Plants, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402168, China
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing 404020, China
| | - Junyao Lin
- College of Landscape Architecture and life Science/Institute of special Plants, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402168, China
| | - Maoqin Xia
- College of Landscape Architecture and life Science/Institute of special Plants, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402168, China
| | - Cuiping Shi
- College of Landscape Architecture and life Science/Institute of special Plants, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402168, China
| | - Haitao Xing
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Economic Plant Biotechnology, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402160, China
| | - Hong-Lei Li
- College of Landscape Architecture and life Science/Institute of special Plants, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402168, China
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10
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Mahalingam R, Duhan N, Kaundal R, Smertenko A, Nazarov T, Bregitzer P. Heat and drought induced transcriptomic changes in barley varieties with contrasting stress response phenotypes. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1066421. [PMID: 36570886 PMCID: PMC9772561 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1066421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Drought and heat stress substantially impact plant growth and productivity. When subjected to drought or heat stress, plants exhibit reduction in growth resulting in yield losses. The occurrence of these two stresses together intensifies their negative effects. Unraveling the molecular changes in response to combined abiotic stress is essential to breed climate-resilient crops. In this study, transcriptome profiles were compared between stress-tolerant (Otis), and stress-sensitive (Golden Promise) barley genotypes subjected to drought, heat, and combined heat and drought stress for five days during heading stage. The major differences that emerged from the transcriptome analysis were the overall number of differentially expressed genes was relatively higher in Golden Promise (GP) compared to Otis. The differential expression of more than 900 transcription factors in GP and Otis may aid this transcriptional reprogramming in response to abiotic stress. Secondly, combined heat and water deficit stress results in a unique and massive transcriptomic response that cannot be predicted from individual stress responses. Enrichment analyses of gene ontology terms revealed unique and stress type-specific adjustments of gene expression. Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis identified genes associated with RNA metabolism and Hsp70 chaperone components as hub genes that can be useful for engineering tolerance to multiple abiotic stresses. Comparison of the transcriptomes of unstressed Otis and GP plants identified several genes associated with biosynthesis of antioxidants and osmolytes were higher in the former that maybe providing innate tolerance capabilities to effectively combat hostile conditions. Lines with different repertoire of innate tolerance mechanisms can be effectively leveraged in breeding programs for developing climate-resilient barley varieties with superior end-use traits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Naveen Duhan
- Department of Plant, Soils and Climate, Utah State University, Logan, UT, United States
| | - Rakesh Kaundal
- Department of Plant, Soils and Climate, Utah State University, Logan, UT, United States
| | - Andrei Smertenko
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
| | - Taras Nazarov
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
| | - Phil Bregitzer
- National Small Grains Germplasm Research Facility, USDA-ARS, Aberdeen, ID, United States
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11
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Bai Y, Liu H, Zhu K, Cheng ZM. Evolution and functional analysis of the GRAS family genes in six Rosaceae species. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:569. [PMID: 36471247 PMCID: PMC9724429 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03925-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND GRAS genes formed one of the important transcription factor gene families in plants, had been identified in several plant species. The family genes were involved in plant growth, development, and stress resistance. However, the comparative analysis of GRAS genes in Rosaceae species was insufficient. RESULTS In this study, a total of 333 GRAS genes were identified in six Rosaceae species, including 51 in strawberry (Fragaria vesca), 78 in apple (Malus domestica), 41 in black raspberry (Rubus occidentalis), 59 in European pear (Pyrus communis), 56 in Chinese rose (Rosa chinensis), and 48 in peach (Prunus persica). Motif analysis showed the VHIID domain, SAW motif, LR I region, and PFYRE motif were considerably conserved in the six Rosaceae species. All GRAS genes were divided into 10 subgroups according to phylogenetic analysis. A total of 15 species-specific duplicated clades and 3 lineage-specific duplicated clades were identified in six Rosaceae species. Chromosomal localization presented the uneven distribution of GRAS genes in six Rosaceae species. Duplication events contributed to the expression of the GRAS genes, and Ka/Ks analysis suggested the purification selection as a major force during the evolution process in six Rosaceae species. Cis-acting elements and GO analysis revealed that most of the GRAS genes were associated with various environmental stress in six Rosaceae species. Coexpression network analysis showed the mutual regulatory relationship between GRAS and bZIP genes, suggesting the ability of the GRAS gene to regulate abiotic stress in woodland strawberry. The expression pattern elucidated the transcriptional levels of FvGRAS genes in various tissues and the drought and salt stress in woodland strawberry, which were verified by RT-qPCR analysis. CONCLUSIONS The evolution and functional analysis of GRAS genes provided insights into the further understanding of GRAS genes on the abiotic stress of Rosaceae species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibo Bai
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hui Liu
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kaikai Zhu
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zong-Ming Cheng
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China.
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12
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Genome-Wide Characterization and Expression Profiling of the GRAS Gene Family in Salt and Alkali Stresses in Miscanthus sinensis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314521. [PMID: 36498850 PMCID: PMC9737823 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The GRAS family genes encode plant-specific transcription factors that play important roles in a diverse range of developmental processes and abiotic stress responses. However, the information of GRAS gene family in the bioenergy crop Miscanthus has not been available. Here, we report the genome-wide identification of GRAS gene family in Micanthus sinensis. A total of 123 MsGRAS genes were identified, which were divided into ten subfamilies based on the phylogenetic analysis. The co-linearity analysis revealed that 59 MsGRAS genes experienced segmental duplication, forming 35 paralogous pairs. The expression of six MsGRAS genes in responding to salt, alkali, and mixed salt-alkali stresses was analyzed by transcriptome and real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) assays. Furthermore, the role of MsGRAS60 in salt and alkali stress response was characterized in transgenic Arabidopsis. The MsGRAS60 overexpression lines exhibited hyposensitivity to abscisic acid (ABA) treatment and resulted in compromised tolerance to salt and alkali stresses, suggesting that MsGRAS60 is a negative regulator of salt and alkali tolerance via an ABA-dependent signaling pathway. The salt and alkali stress-inducible MsGRAS genes identified serve as candidates for the improvement of abiotic stress tolerance in Miscanthus.
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13
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He Z, Tian Z, Zhang Q, Wang Z, Huang R, Xu X, Wang Y, Ji X. Genome-wide identification, expression and salt stress tolerance analysis of the GRAS transcription factor family in Betula platyphylla. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1022076. [PMID: 36352865 PMCID: PMC9638169 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1022076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The GRAS gene family is a plant-specific family of transcription factors and play a vital role in many plant growth processes and abiotic stress responses. Nevertheless, the functions of the GRAS gene family in woody plants, especially in Betula platyphylla (birch), are hardly known. In this study, we performed a genome-wide analysis of 40 BpGRAS genes (BpGRASs) and identified typical GRAS domains of most BpGRASs. The BpGRASs were unevenly distributed on 14 chromosomes of birch and the phylogenetic analysis of six species facilitated the clustering of 265 GRAS proteins into 17 subfamilies. We observed that closely related GRAS homologs had similar conserved motifs according to motif analysis. Besides, an analysis of the expression patterns of 26 BpGRASs showed that most BpGRASs were highly expressed in the leaves and responded to salt stress. Six BpGRASs were selected for cis-acting element analysis because of their significant upregulation under salt treatment, indicating that many elements were involved in the response to abiotic stress. This result further confirmed that these BpGRASs might participate in response to abiotic stress. Transiently transfected birch plants with transiently overexpressed 6 BpGRASs and RNAi-silenced 6 BpGRASs were generated for gain- and loss-of-function analysis, respectively. In addition, overexpression of BpGRAS34 showed phenotype resistant to salt stress, decreased the cell death and enhanced the reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging capabilities and proline content under salt treatment, consistent with the results in transiently transformed birch plants. This study is a systematic analysis of the GRAS gene family in birch plants, and the results provide insight into the molecular mechanism of the GRAS gene family responding to abiotic stress in birch plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihang He
- College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- The Key Laboratory of Forest Tree Genetics, Breeding and Cultivation of Liaoning Province, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Zengzhi Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Qun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhibo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Ruikun Huang
- College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- The Key Laboratory of Forest Tree Genetics, Breeding and Cultivation of Liaoning Province, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xin Xu
- College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yucheng Wang
- College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- The Key Laboratory of Forest Tree Genetics, Breeding and Cultivation of Liaoning Province, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaoyu Ji
- College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- The Key Laboratory of Forest Tree Genetics, Breeding and Cultivation of Liaoning Province, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
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14
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Xing Z, Huang T, Zhao K, Meng L, Song H, Zhang Z, Xu X, Liu S. Silencing of Sly-miR171d increased the expression of GRAS24 and enhanced postharvest chilling tolerance of tomato fruit. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1006940. [PMID: 36161008 PMCID: PMC9500411 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1006940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The role of Sly-miR171d on tomato fruit chilling injury (CI) was investigated. The results showed that silencing the endogenous Sly-miR171d effectively delayed the increase of CI and electrolyte leakage (EL) in tomato fruit, and maintained fruit firmness and quality. After low temperature storage, the expression of target gene GRAS24 increased in STTM-miR171d tomato fruit, the level of GA3 anabolism and the expression of CBF1, an important regulator of cold resistance, both increased in STTM-miR171d tomato fruit, indicated that silencing the Sly-miR171d can improve the resistance ability of postharvest tomato fruit to chilling tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengting Xing
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Taishan Huang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Keyan Zhao
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Lanhuan Meng
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Hongmiao Song
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Zhengke Zhang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Xiangbin Xu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Songbai Liu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology, Suzhou Vocational Health College, Suzhou, China
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15
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Genome–Wide Identification of the GRAS Family Genes in Melilotus albus and Expression Analysis under Various Tissues and Abiotic Stresses. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137403. [PMID: 35806414 PMCID: PMC9267034 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The GRAS gene family is a plant–specific family of transcription factors, which play an important role in many metabolic pathways, such as plant growth and development and stress response. However, there is no report on the comprehensive study of the GRAS gene family of Melilotus albus. Here, we identified 55 MaGRAS genes, which were classified into 8 subfamilies by phylogenetic analysis, and unevenly distributed on 8 chromosomes. The structural analysis indicated that 87% of MaGRAS genes have no intron, which is highly conservative in different species. MaGRAS proteins of the same subfamily have similar protein motifs, which are the source of functional differences of different genomes. Transcriptome and qRT–PCR data were combined to determine the expression of 12 MaGRAS genes in 6 tissues, including flower, seed, leaf, stem, root and nodule, which indicated the possible roles in plant growth and development. Five and seven MaGRAS genes were upregulated under ABA, drought, and salt stress treatments in the roots and shoots, respectively, indicating that they play vital roles in the response to ABA and abiotic stresses in M. albus. Furthermore, in yeast heterologous expression, MaGRAS12, MaGRAS34 and MaGRAS33 can enhance the drought or salt tolerance of yeast cells. Taken together, these results provide basic information for understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms of GRAS proteins and valuable information for further studies on the growth, development and stress responses of GRAS proteins in M. albus.
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16
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Waseem M, Nkurikiyimfura O, Niyitanga S, Jakada BH, Shaheen I, Aslam MM. GRAS transcription factors emerging regulator in plants growth, development, and multiple stresses. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:9673-9685. [PMID: 35713799 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07425-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
GRAS transcription factors play multifunctional roles in plant growth, development, and resistance to various biotic and abiotic stresses. The structural and functional features of GRAS TFs have been unveiled in the last two decades. A typical GRAS protein contained a C-terminal GRAS domain with a highly variable N-terminal region. Studies on these TFs increase in numbers and are reported to be involved in various important developmental processes such as flowering, root formation, and stress responses. The GRAS TFs and hormone signaling crosstalk can be implicated in plant development and to stress responses. There are relatively few reports about GRAS TFs roles in plants, and no related reviews have been published. In this review, we summarized the features of GRAS TFs, their targets, and the roles these GRAS TFs playing in plant development and multiple stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Waseem
- Department of Botany, University of Narowal, Narowal, Punjab, Pakistan. .,College of Life Science, Hainan University, Hainan, P.R. China.
| | - Oswald Nkurikiyimfura
- Key Lab for Bio-Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 350002, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Sylvain Niyitanga
- Department of Plant Pathology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 350002, Fuzhou, China
| | - Bello Hassan Jakada
- College of Life Science, Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 350002, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Iffat Shaheen
- Faculty of Agriculture Science and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
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17
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Sun Y, Song K, Guo M, Wu H, Ji X, Hou L, Liu X, Lu S. A NAC Transcription Factor from 'Sea Rice 86' Enhances Salt Tolerance by Promoting Hydrogen Sulfide Production in Rice Seedlings. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126435. [PMID: 35742880 PMCID: PMC9223411 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Soil salinity severely threatens plant growth and crop performance. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a plant signal molecule, has been implicated in the regulation of plant responses to salinity stress. However, it is unclear how the transcriptional network regulates H2S biosynthesis during salt stress response. In this study, we identify a rice NAC (NAM, ATAF and CUC) transcription factor, OsNAC35-like (OsNACL35), from a salt-tolerant cultivar ‘Sea Rice 86′ (SR86) and further show that it may have improved salt tolerance via enhanced H2S production. The expression of OsNACL35 was significantly upregulated by high salinity and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The OsNACL35 protein was localized predominantly in the nucleus and was found to have transactivation activity in yeast. The overexpression of OsNACL35 (OsNACL35-OE) in japonica cultivar Nipponbare ramatically increased resistance to salinity stress, whereas its dominant-negative constructs (SUPERMAN repression domain, SRDX) conferred hypersensitivity to salt stress in the transgenic lines at the vegetative stage. Moreover, the quantitative real-time PCR analysis showed that many stress-associated genes were differentially expressed in the OsNACL35-OE and OsNACL35-SRDX lines. Interestingly, the ectopic expression of OsNACL35 triggered a sharp increase in H2S content by upregulating the expression of a H2S biosynthetic gene, OsDCD1, upon salinity stress. Furthermore, the dual luciferase and yeast one-hybrid assays indicated that OsNACL35 directly upregulated the expression of OsDCD1 by binding to the promoter sequence of OsDCD1. Taken together, our observations illustrate that OsNACL35 acts as a positive regulator that links H2S production to salt stress tolerance, which may hold promising utility in breeding salt-tolerant rice cultivar.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Xin Liu
- Correspondence: (X.L.); (S.L.); Tel.: +86-0532-58957480 (S.L.)
| | - Songchong Lu
- Correspondence: (X.L.); (S.L.); Tel.: +86-0532-58957480 (S.L.)
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18
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Ni L, Wang Z, Liu X, Wu S, Hua J, Liu L, Yin Y, Li H, Gu C. Genome-wide study of the GRAS gene family in Hibiscus hamabo Sieb. et Zucc and analysis of HhGRAS14-induced drought and salt stress tolerance in Arabidopsis. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 319:111260. [PMID: 35487668 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
GRAS proteins are widely distributed plant-specific transcription factors. In this study, we identified 59 GRAS proteins (HhGRASs) from the genomic and transcriptomic datasets of Hibiscus hamabo Sieb. et Zucc. These proteins were phylogenetically divided into nine subfamilies. RNA-seq analysis revealed that most HhGRASs were expressed in response to abiotic stresses. Results from quantitative real-time PCR analysis of nine selected HhGRASs suggested that HhGRAS14 was significantly upregulated under multiple abiotic stresses; therefore, this gene was selected for further study. Silencing HhGRAS14 in H. hamabo reduced the tolerance to drought and salt stress, while overexpression in Arabidopsis thaliana significantly increased the tolerance to drought and salt and reduced the sensitivity to abscisic acid (ABA). In summary, we analyzed the GRAS family of proteins in semi-mangrove plants for the first time and identified a gene that responds to drought and salt stress, which provided the basis for a comprehensive analysis of GRAS genes and insight into the abiotic stress response mechanism in H. hamabo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longjie Ni
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; College of Forest Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Zhiquan Wang
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Xiangdong Liu
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Shuting Wu
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Jianfeng Hua
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Liangqin Liu
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Yunlong Yin
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Huogen Li
- College of Forest Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Chunsun Gu
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; College of Forest Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm, Nanjing 210014, China.
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19
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Xu Y, Liu F, Wu F, Zhao M, Zou R, Wu J, Li X. A novel SCARECROW-LIKE3 transcription factor LjGRAS36 in Lotus japonicus regulates the development of arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 28:573-583. [PMID: 35465207 PMCID: PMC8986927 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-022-01161-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi improves plants' nutrient uptake. During this process, transcription factors have been highlighted to play crucial roles. Members of the GRAS transcription factor gene family have been reported involved in AM symbiosis, but little is known about SCARECROW-LIKE3 (SCL3) genes belonging to this family in Lotus japonicus. In this study, 67 LjGRAS genes were identified from the L. japonicus genome, seven of which were clustered in the SCL3 group. Three of the seven LjGRAS genes expression levels were upregulated by AM fungal inoculation, and our biochemical results showed that the expression of LjGRAS36 was specifically induced by AM colonization. Functional loss of LjGRAS36 in mutant ljgras36 plants exhibited a significantly reduced mycorrhizal colonization rate and arbuscular size. Transcriptome analysis showed a deficiency of LjGRAS36 led to the dysregulation of the gibberellic acid signal pathway associated with AM symbiosis. Together, this study provides important insights for understanding the important potential function of SCL3 genes in regulating AM symbiotic development. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-022-01161-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjian Xu
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plant Reproductive Adaptation and Evolutionary Ecology, Yunnan University, 650500 Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology and Health in Universities of Yunnan Province, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, 650500 Kunming, China
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, 230036 Hefei, China
| | - Fang Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, 230036 Hefei, China
- School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, 650500 Kunming, China
| | - Fulang Wu
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, 230036 Hefei, China
| | - Manli Zhao
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, 230036 Hefei, China
| | - Ruifan Zou
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, 230036 Hefei, China
| | - Jianping Wu
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plant Reproductive Adaptation and Evolutionary Ecology, Yunnan University, 650500 Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology and Health in Universities of Yunnan Province, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, 650500 Kunming, China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, 230036 Hefei, China
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20
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Zhao L, Liu L, Liu Y, Dou X, Cai H, Aslam M, Hou Z, Jin X, Li Y, Wang L, Zhao H, Wang X, Sicard A, Qin Y. Characterization of germline development and identification of genes associated with germline specification in pineapple. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2021; 8:239. [PMID: 34719672 PMCID: PMC8558326 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-021-00669-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Understanding germline specification in plants could be advantageous for agricultural applications. In recent decades, substantial efforts have been made to understand germline specification in several plant species, including Arabidopsis, rice, and maize. However, our knowledge of germline specification in many agronomically important plant species remains obscure. Here, we characterized the female germline specification and subsequent female gametophyte development in pineapple using callose staining, cytological, and whole-mount immunolocalization analyses. We also determined the male germline specification and gametophyte developmental timeline and observed male meiotic behavior using chromosome spreading assays. Furthermore, we identified 229 genes that are preferentially expressed at the megaspore mother cell (MMC) stage during ovule development and 478 genes that are preferentially expressed at the pollen mother cell (PMC) stage of anther development using comparative transcriptomic analysis. The biological functions, associated regulatory pathways and expression patterns of these genes were also analyzed. Our study provides a convenient cytological reference for exploring pineapple germline development and a molecular basis for the future functional analysis of germline specification in related plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Zhao
- College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Plant Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala BioCenter and Linnean Centre for Plant Biology, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Liping Liu
- College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yanhui Liu
- College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xianying Dou
- College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hanyang Cai
- College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Mohammad Aslam
- College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi Key Lab of Sugarcane Biology, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhimin Hou
- College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xingyue Jin
- College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yi Li
- College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lulu Wang
- College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Heming Zhao
- College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaomei Wang
- Horticulture Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning Investigation Station of South Subtropical Fruit Trees, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanning, China
| | - Adrien Sicard
- Department of Plant Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala BioCenter and Linnean Centre for Plant Biology, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Yuan Qin
- College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Center for Genomics and Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi Key Lab of Sugarcane Biology, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
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Laggoun F, Ali N, Tourneur S, Prudent G, Gügi B, Kiefer-Meyer MC, Mareck A, Cruz F, Yvin JC, Nguema-Ona E, Mollet JC, Jamois F, Lehner A. Two Carbohydrate-Based Natural Extracts Stimulate in vitro Pollen Germination and Pollen Tube Growth of Tomato Under Cold Temperatures. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:552515. [PMID: 34691089 PMCID: PMC8529017 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.552515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
To date, it is widely accepted by the scientific community that many agricultural regions will experience more extreme temperature fluctuations. These stresses will undoubtedly impact crop production, particularly fruit and seed yields. In fact, pollination is considered as one of the most temperature-sensitive phases of plant development and until now, except for the time-consuming and costly processes of genetic breeding, there is no immediate alternative to address this issue. In this work, we used a multidisciplinary approach using physiological, biochemical, and molecular techniques for studying the effects of two carbohydrate-based natural activators on in vitro tomato pollen germination and pollen tube growth cultured in vitro under cold conditions. Under mild and strong cold temperatures, these two carbohydrate-based compounds significantly enhanced pollen germination and pollen tube growth. The two biostimulants did not induce significant changes in the classical molecular markers implicated in pollen tube growth. Neither the number of callose plugs nor the CALLOSE SYNTHASE genes expression were significantly different between the control and the biostimulated pollen tubes when pollens were cultivated under cold conditions. PECTIN METHYLESTERASE (PME) activities were also similar but a basic PME isoform was not produced or inactive in pollen grown at 8°C. Nevertheless, NADPH oxidase (RBOH) gene expression was correlated with a higher number of viable pollen tubes in biostimulated pollen tubes compared to the control. Our results showed that the two carbohydrate-based products were able to reduce in vitro the effect of cold temperatures on tomato pollen tube growth and at least for one of them to modulate reactive oxygen species production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferdousse Laggoun
- UNIROUEN, Normandie Université, Laboratoire de Glycobiologie et Matrice Extracellulaire Végétale, SFR NORVEGE FED 4277, Carnot I2C, IRIB, Rouen, France
- Sanofi Pasteur, Val-de-Reuil, France
| | - Nusrat Ali
- Centre Mondial de l’Innovation, Laboratoire Nutrition Végétale, Groupe Roullier, Saint-Malo, France
| | - Sabine Tourneur
- UNIROUEN, Normandie Université, Laboratoire de Glycobiologie et Matrice Extracellulaire Végétale, SFR NORVEGE FED 4277, Carnot I2C, IRIB, Rouen, France
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Pathologie Végétales, Université de Nantes, Université Bretagne Loire, Nantes, France
| | - Grégoire Prudent
- UNIROUEN, Normandie Université, Laboratoire de Glycobiologie et Matrice Extracellulaire Végétale, SFR NORVEGE FED 4277, Carnot I2C, IRIB, Rouen, France
| | - Bruno Gügi
- UNIROUEN, Normandie Université, Laboratoire de Glycobiologie et Matrice Extracellulaire Végétale, SFR NORVEGE FED 4277, Carnot I2C, IRIB, Rouen, France
| | - Marie-Christine Kiefer-Meyer
- UNIROUEN, Normandie Université, Laboratoire de Glycobiologie et Matrice Extracellulaire Végétale, SFR NORVEGE FED 4277, Carnot I2C, IRIB, Rouen, France
| | - Alain Mareck
- UNIROUEN, Normandie Université, Laboratoire de Glycobiologie et Matrice Extracellulaire Végétale, SFR NORVEGE FED 4277, Carnot I2C, IRIB, Rouen, France
| | - Florence Cruz
- Centre Mondial de l’Innovation, Laboratoire Nutrition Végétale, Groupe Roullier, Saint-Malo, France
| | - Jean-Claude Yvin
- Centre Mondial de l’Innovation, Laboratoire Nutrition Végétale, Groupe Roullier, Saint-Malo, France
| | - Eric Nguema-Ona
- Centre Mondial de l’Innovation, Laboratoire Nutrition Végétale, Groupe Roullier, Saint-Malo, France
| | - Jean-Claude Mollet
- UNIROUEN, Normandie Université, Laboratoire de Glycobiologie et Matrice Extracellulaire Végétale, SFR NORVEGE FED 4277, Carnot I2C, IRIB, Rouen, France
| | - Frank Jamois
- Centre Mondial de l’Innovation, Laboratoire Nutrition Végétale, Groupe Roullier, Saint-Malo, France
| | - Arnaud Lehner
- UNIROUEN, Normandie Université, Laboratoire de Glycobiologie et Matrice Extracellulaire Végétale, SFR NORVEGE FED 4277, Carnot I2C, IRIB, Rouen, France
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22
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Yan C, Zhang N, Wang Q, Fu Y, Wang F, Su Y, Xue B, Zhou L, Liao H. The Effect of Low Temperature Stress on the Leaves and MicroRNA Expression of Potato Seedlings. Front Ecol Evol 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2021.727081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, with the wanton destruction of the ecological environment by humans and the frequent occurrence of extreme bad weather, many places that should have been warm and blooming in spring have instead experienced the phenomenon of the “April blizzard,” which has seriously affected China's crops, especially spring potato production in most areas. Potato cultivars, especially potato seedlings, are sensitive to frost, and low temperature frost has become one of the most important abiotic stresses affecting potato production. Potato cold tolerance is regulated by a complex gene network. Although some low temperature resistant microRNAs have been identified, little is known about the role of miRNAs in response to low temperature stress in potato. Therefore, the objective of this study is to clarify the influence of low temperature stress on the miRNA expression of potato by comparing the expression differences of miRNA in potato which was treated with different low temperatures. For the study, 307 known miRNAs belonging to 73 small RNA families and 211 novel miRNAs were obtained. When the temperature decreased, the number of both known and novel miRNA decreased, and the minimum temperature was −2°C. Most of the miRNAs respond to low temperature, drought, and disease stress; some conserved miRNAs were first found to respond to low temperature stress in potato, such as stu-miR530, stu-miR156d, and stu-miR167b. The Gene Ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes, and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis of 442 different expression miRNAs target genes indicated that there existed diversified low temperature responsive pathways, but Abscisic Acid was found likely to play a central coordinating role in response to low temperature stress in many metabolism pathways. Quantitative real-time PCR assays indicated that the related targets were negatively regulated by the tested different expression miRNAs during low temperature stress. The results indicated that miRNAs may play an important coordination role in response to low temperature stress in many metabolic pathways by regulating abscisic acid and gibberellin, which provided insight into the roles of miRNAs during low temperature stress and would be helpful for alleviating low temperature stress and promoting low temperature resistant breeding in potatoes.
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23
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Li H, Yue H, Xie J, Bu J, Li L, Xin X, Zhao Y, Zhang H, Yang L, Wang J, Jiang X. Transcriptomic profiling of the high-vigour maize (Zea mays L.) hybrid variety response to cold and drought stresses during seed germination. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19345. [PMID: 34588562 PMCID: PMC8481303 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-98907-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abiotic stresses, including cold and drought, negatively affect maize (Zea mays L.) seed field emergence and later yield and quality. In order to reveal the molecular mechanism of maize seed resistance to abiotic stress at seed germination, the global transcriptome of high- vigour variety Zhongdi175 exposed to cold- and drought- stress was analyzed by RNA-seq. In the comparison between the control and different stressed sample, 12,299 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected, of which 9605 and 7837 DEGs were identified under cold- and drought- stress, respectively. Functional annotation analysis suggested that stress response mediated by the pathways involving ribosome, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, among others. Of the obtained DEGs (12,299), 5,143 genes are common to cold- and drought- stress, at least 2248 TFs in 56 TF families were identified that are involved in cold and/or drought treatments during seed germination, including bHLH, NAC, MYB and WRKY families, which suggested that common mechanisms may be originated during maize seed germination in response to different abiotic stresses. This study will provide a better understanding of the molecular mechanism of response to abiotic stress during maize seed germination, and could be useful for cultivar improvement and breeding of high vigour maize cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heqin Li
- Maize Research Institute/College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Haiwang Yue
- Dryland Farming Institute, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Hengshui, 053000, China
| | - Junliang Xie
- Dryland Farming Institute, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Hengshui, 053000, China
| | - Junzhou Bu
- Dryland Farming Institute, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Hengshui, 053000, China
| | - Li Li
- Seed Science and Technology Research Center, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xueying Xin
- Maize Research Institute/College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Yanming Zhao
- Maize Research Institute/College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Haiyan Zhang
- Maize Research Institute/College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Li Yang
- Taocheng Branch of Natural Resources and Planning Bureau of Hengshui City, Hengshui, 053000, China
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Seed Science and Technology Research Center, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xuwen Jiang
- Maize Research Institute/College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China.
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24
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Chen J, Yan Q, Li J, Feng L, Zhang Y, Xu J, Xia R, Zeng Z, Liu Y. The GRAS gene family and its roles in seed development in litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn). BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:423. [PMID: 34535087 PMCID: PMC8447652 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03193-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The GRAS gene family plays crucial roles in multiple biological processes of plant growth, including seed development, which is related to seedless traits of litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.). However, it hasn't been fully identified and analyzed in litchi, an economic fruit tree cultivated in subtropical regions. RESULTS In this study, 48 LcGRAS proteins were identified and termed according to their chromosomal location. LcGRAS proteins can be categorized into 14 subfamilies through phylogenetic analysis. Gene structure and conserved domain analysis revealed that different subfamilies harbored various motif patterns, suggesting their functional diversity. Synteny analysis revealed that the expansion of the GRAS family in litchi may be driven by their tandem and segmental duplication. After comprehensively analysing degradome data, we found that four LcGRAS genes belong to HAM subfamily were regulated via miR171-mediated degradation. The various expression patterns of LcGRAS genes in different tissues uncovered they were involved in different biological processes. Moreover, the different temporal expression profiles of LcGRAS genes between abortive and bold seed indicated some of them were involved in maintaining the normal development of the seed. CONCLUSION Our study provides comprehensive analyses on GRAS family members in litchi, insight into a better understanding of the roles of GRAS in litchi development, and lays the foundation for further investigations on litchi seed development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian Yan
- Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture / Guangdong ProvinceKey Laboratary of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research / Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiawei Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Feng
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui Xia
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong Province, China.
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Zaohai Zeng
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong Province, China.
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yuanlong Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong Province, China.
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.
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Wang X, Li G, Sun Y, Qin Z, Feng P. Genome-wide analysis and characterization of GRAS family in switchgrass. Bioengineered 2021; 12:6096-6114. [PMID: 34477486 PMCID: PMC8806906 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1972606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Panicum virgatum, a model plant of cellulosic ethanol conversion, not only has high large biomass and strong adaptability to soil, but also grows well in marginal soil and has the advantage of improving saline-alkali soil. GRAS transcription factor gene family play important roles in individual environment adaption, and these vital functions has been proved in several plants, however, the research of GRAS in the development of switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) were limited. A comprehensive study was investigated to explore the relationship between GRAS gene family and resistance. According to the phylogenetic analysis, a total of 144 GRAS genes were identified and renamed which were classified into eight subfamilies. Chromosome distribution, tandem and segmental repeats analysis indicated that gene duplication events contributed a lot to the expansion of GRAS genes in the switchgrass genome. Sixty-six GRAS genes in switchgrass were identified as having orthologous genes with rice through gene duplication analysis. Most of these GRAS genes contained zero or one intron, and closely related genes in evolution shared similar motif composition. Interaction networks were analyzed including DELLA and ten interaction proteins that were primarily involved in gibberellin acid mediated signaling. Notably, online analysis indicated that the promoter regions of the identified PvGRAS genes contained many cis-elements including light responsive elements, suggesting that PvGRAS might involve in light signal cross-talking. This work provides key insights into resistance and bioavailability in switchgrass and would be helpful to further study the function of GRAS and GRAS-mediated signal transduction pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqin Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, China
| | - Guixia Li
- Department of Basic Medicine, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, China
| | - Yajing Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Zhongyu Qin
- Department of Basic Medicine, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, China
| | - Pengcheng Feng
- Department of Basic Medicine, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, China
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Jian W, Zheng Y, Yu T, Cao H, Chen Y, Cui Q, Xu C, Li Z. SlNAC6, A NAC transcription factor, is involved in drought stress response and reproductive process in tomato. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 264:153483. [PMID: 34371311 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2021.153483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Tomato plants are susceptible to drought stress, but the mechanism involved in this process still remains poorly understood. In the present study, we demonstrated that SlNAC6, a nuclear-localized protein induced by exogenous abscisic acid (ABA) or polyethylene glycol (PEG) stress treatment, plays a positive role in tomato plant response to PEG stress. Down-regulation of SlNAC6 (SlNAC6-RNAi) resulted in a semidwarf phenotype, and the SlNAC6-RNAi lines showed reduced tolerance to PEG stress, exhibiting a higher water loss rate and degree of oxidative damage, as well as lower values of proline content and antioxidant enzyme activity, when compared with those in wild type (WT). In contrast, overexpression of SlNAC6 (SlNAC6-OE) leads to a significant delay of growth, and the SlNAC6-OE lines showed greatly enhanced tolerance to PEG stress concomitant with a lower water loss rate and degree of oxidative damage, as well as higher values of proline content and antioxidant enzyme activity. Further study showed that the transcription level of ABA signaling-related genes and the ABA content are respectively decreased or increased in SlNAC6-RNAi and SlNAC6-OE seedlings, as verified by multiple physiological parameters, such as stomatal conductance, water loss rate, seed germination, and root length. Moreover, overexpression of SlNAC6 can accelerate tomato fruit ripening. Collectively, this study demonstrates SlNAC6 exerts important roles in tomato development, drought stress response, and fruit ripening processes, some of them perhaps partly through modulating an ABA-mediated pathway, which implies SlNAC6 may hold the potential applications in improving agronomic traits of tomato or other Solanaceae crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Jian
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China; School of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 401331, China
| | - Yixuan Zheng
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 401331, China
| | - Tingting Yu
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 401331, China
| | - Haohao Cao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China; Center of Plant Functional Genomics, Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Chongqing University, 401331, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 401331, China
| | - Qunyao Cui
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 401331, China
| | - Chan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China; Center of Plant Functional Genomics, Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Chongqing University, 401331, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhengguo Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, China; Center of Plant Functional Genomics, Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Chongqing University, 401331, Chongqing, China.
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27
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Yang C, Marillonnet S, Tissier A. The scarecrow-like transcription factor SlSCL3 regulates volatile terpene biosynthesis and glandular trichome size in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 107:1102-1118. [PMID: 34143914 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) type VI glandular trichomes that occur on the surface of leaves, stems, young fruits and flowers produce and store a blend of volatile monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes. These compounds play important roles in the interaction with pathogens and herbivorous insects. Although the function of terpene synthases in the biosynthesis of volatile terpenes in tomato has been comprehensively investigated, the deciphering of their transcriptional regulation is only just emerging. We selected transcription factors that are over-expressed in trichomes based on existing transcriptome data and silenced them individually by virus-induced gene silencing. Of these, SlSCL3, a scarecrow-like (SCL) subfamily transcription factor, led to a significant decrease in volatile terpene content and expression of the corresponding terpene synthase genes when its transcription level was downregulated. Overexpression of SlSCL3 dramatically increased both the volatile terpene content and glandular trichome size, whereas its homozygous mutants showed reduced terpene biosynthesis. However, its heterozygous mutants also showed a significantly elevated volatile terpene content and enlarged glandular trichomes, similar to the overexpression plants. SlSCL3 modulates the expression of terpene biosynthetic pathway genes by transcriptional activation, but neither direct protein-DNA binding nor interaction with known regulators was observed. Moreover, transcript levels of the endogenous copy of SlSCL3 were decreased in the overexpression plants but increased in the heterozygous and homozygous mutants, suggesting feedback repression of its own promoter. Taken together, our results provide new insights into the role of SlSCL3 in the complex regulation of volatile terpene biosynthesis and glandular trichome development in tomato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changqing Yang
- Department of Cell and Metabolic Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Halle (Saale), 06120, Germany
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, 266100, China
| | - Sylvestre Marillonnet
- Department of Cell and Metabolic Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Halle (Saale), 06120, Germany
| | - Alain Tissier
- Department of Cell and Metabolic Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Halle (Saale), 06120, Germany
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Zhu X, Wang B, Wei X. Genome wide identification and expression pattern analysis of the GRAS family in quinoa. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2021; 48:948-962. [PMID: 34092279 DOI: 10.1071/fp21017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
GRAS, a key transcription factor in plant growth and development, has not yet been reported in quinoa. Therefore, this study used the latest quinoa genomic data to identify and analyse GRAS genes in quinoa: 52 GRAS genes were identified in quinoa, these being unevenly distributed on 19 chromosomes. Fragment duplication and tandem duplication events were the main reasons for the expansion of the GRAS gene family in quinoa. Protein sequence analysis showed that there were some differences in amino acid numbers and isoelectric points amongst different subfamilies, and the main secondary structures were α-helix and random coil. The CqGRAS gene was divided into 14 subfamilies based on results from phylogenetic analysis. The genes located in the same subfamily had similar gene structures, conserved motifs, and three-level models. Promoter region analysis showed that the GRAS family genes contained multiple homeostasis elements that responded to hormones and adversity. GO enrichment indicated that CqGRAS genes were involved in biological processes, cell components, and molecular functions. By analysing the expression of CqGRAS genes in different tissues and different treatments, it was found that GRAS genes had obvious differential expression in different tissues and stress, which indicates that GRAS genes had tissue or organ expression specificity and thus might play an important role in response to stress. These results laid a foundation for further functional research on the GRAS gene family in quinoa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Zhu
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; and Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Baoqiang Wang
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Xiaohong Wei
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; and Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; and College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; and Corresponding author.
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Wang Z, Wong DCJ, Wang Y, Xu G, Ren C, Liu Y, Kuang Y, Fan P, Li S, Xin H, Liang Z. GRAS-domain transcription factor PAT1 regulates jasmonic acid biosynthesis in grape cold stress response. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 186:1660-1678. [PMID: 33752238 PMCID: PMC8260143 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Cultivated grapevine (Vitis) is a highly valued horticultural crop, and cold stress affects its growth and productivity. Wild Amur grape (Vitis amurensis) PAT1 (Phytochrome A signal transduction 1, VaPAT1) is induced by low temperature, and ectopic expression of VaPAT1 enhances cold tolerance in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). However, little is known about the molecular mechanism of VaPAT1 during the cold stress response in grapevine. Here, we confirmed the overexpression of VaPAT1 in transformed grape calli enhanced cold tolerance. Yeast two-hybrid and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays highlighted an interaction between VaPAT1 with INDETERMINATE-DOMAIN 3 (VaIDD3). A role of VaIDD3 in cold tolerance was also indicated. Transcriptome analysis revealed VaPAT1 and VaIDD3 overexpression and cold treatment coordinately modulate the expression of stress-related genes including lipoxygenase 3 (LOX3), a gene encoding a key jasmonate biosynthesis enzyme. Co-expression network analysis indicated LOX3 might be a downstream target of VaPAT1. Both electrophoretic mobility shift and dual luciferase reporter assays showed the VaPAT1-IDD3 complex binds to the IDD-box (AGACAAA) in the VaLOX3 promoter to activate its expression. Overexpression of both VaPAT1 and VaIDD3 increased the transcription of VaLOX3 and JA levels in transgenic grape calli. Conversely, VaPAT1-SRDX (dominant repression) and CRISPR/Cas9-mediated mutagenesis of PAT1-ED causing the loss of the C-terminus in grape calli dramatically prohibited the accumulation of VaLOX3 and JA levels during cold treatment. Together, these findings point to a pivotal role of VaPAT1 in the cold stress response in grape by regulating JA biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zemin Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Science and Enology, and CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, the Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10049, China
| | - Darren Chern Jan Wong
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Acton, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Yi Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Science and Enology, and CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, the Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10049, China
| | - Guangzhao Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Science and Enology, and CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, the Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10049, China
| | - Chong Ren
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Science and Enology, and CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, the Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Yanfei Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Science and Enology, and CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, the Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10049, China
| | - Yangfu Kuang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Science and Enology, and CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, the Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10049, China
| | - Peige Fan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Science and Enology, and CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, the Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100093, China
- China Wine Industry Technology Institute, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Shaohua Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Science and Enology, and CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, the Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Haiping Xin
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zhenchang Liang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Science and Enology, and CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, the Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100093, China
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Jogawat A, Yadav B, Lakra N, Singh AK, Narayan OP. Crosstalk between phytohormones and secondary metabolites in the drought stress tolerance of crop plants: A review. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 172:1106-1132. [PMID: 33421146 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress negatively affects crop performance and weakens global food security. It triggers the activation of downstream pathways, mainly through phytohormones homeostasis and their signaling networks, which further initiate the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites (SMs). Roots sense drought stress, the signal travels to the above-ground tissues to induce systemic phytohormones signaling. The systemic signals further trigger the biosynthesis of SMs and stomatal closure to prevent water loss. SMs primarily scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) to protect plants from lipid peroxidation and also perform additional defense-related functions. Moreover, drought-induced volatile SMs can alert the plant tissues to perform drought stress mitigating functions in plants. Other phytohormone-induced stress responses include cell wall and cuticle thickening, root and leaf morphology alteration, and anatomical changes of roots, stems, and leaves, which in turn minimize the oxidative stress, water loss, and other adverse effects of drought. Exogenous applications of phytohormones and genetic engineering of phytohormones signaling and biosynthesis pathways mitigate the drought stress effects. Direct modulation of the SMs biosynthetic pathway genes or indirect via phytohormones' regulation provides drought tolerance. Thus, phytohormones and SMs play key roles in plant development under the drought stress environment in crop plants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bindu Yadav
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Nita Lakra
- Department of Biotechnology, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, India
| | - Amit Kumar Singh
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Om Prakash Narayan
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, USA
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Knockout of Auxin Response Factor SlARF4 Improves Tomato Resistance to Water Deficit. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073347. [PMID: 33805879 PMCID: PMC8037468 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Auxin response factors (ARFs) play important roles in various plant physiological processes; however, knowledge of the exact role of ARFs in plant responses to water deficit is limited. In this study, SlARF4, a member of the ARF family, was functionally characterized under water deficit. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and β-glucuronidase (GUS) staining showed that water deficit and abscisic acid (ABA) treatment reduced the expression of SlARF4. SlARF4 was expressed in the vascular bundles and guard cells of tomato stomata. Loss of function of SlARF4 (arf4) by using Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats/Cas 9 (CRISPR/Cas 9) technology enhanced plant resistance to water stress and rehydration ability. The arf4 mutant plants exhibited curly leaves and a thick stem. Malondialdehyde content was significantly lower in arf4 mutants than in wildtype plants under water stress; furthermore, arf4 mutants showed higher content of antioxidant substances, superoxide dismutase, actual photochemical efficiency of photosystem II (PSII), and catalase activities. Stomatal and vascular bundle morphology was changed in arf4 mutants. We identified 628 differentially expressed genes specifically expressed under water deficit in arf4 mutants; six of these genes, including ABA signaling pathway-related genes, were differentially expressed between the wildtype and arf4 mutants under water deficit and unlimited water supply. Auxin responsive element (AuxRE) elements were found in these genes' promoters indicating that SlARF4 participates in ABA signaling pathways by regulating the expression of SlABI5/ABF and SCL3, thereby influencing stomatal morphology and vascular bundle development and ultimately improving plant resistance to water deficit.
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Liu Y, Wen L, Shi Y, Su D, Lu W, Cheng Y, Li Z. Stress-responsive tomato gene SlGRAS4 function in drought stress and abscisic acid signaling. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 304:110804. [PMID: 33568303 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Adverse environmental conditions such as drought stress greatly limit the growth and production of crops worldwide. In this study, SlGRAS4, a drought stress-responsive GRAS gene from tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) was functionally characterized. Repressing SlGRAS4 (SlGRAS4-RNAi) increased sensitivity to drought stress, whereas overexpressing SlGRAS4 (SlGRAS4-OE) in tomato enhanced tolerance of this stress. Under stress condition SlGRAS4-OE plants accumulated much less ROS than wild-type and SlGRAS4-RNAi plants. Numerous dehydration induced ROS-scavenging genes were upregulated in SlGRAS4-OE plants after drought stress, implying that SlGRAS4 confers drought tolerance by modulating ROS homeostasis. On the other hand, there are several abscisic acid (ABA)-responsive elements in SlGRAS4 promoter, the relative expression of ABA signaling genes including SlPYLs, SlPP2Cs and SlSnRK2s were verified in WT and transgenic plants both under normal and drought stress, the changed drought sensitivity of transgenic plants was mainly caused by SlSnRK2s, the positive regulators of ABA signaling. Our results suggested that SlGRAS4 directly binds to and activates SlSnRK2.4 promoter, belongs to subclass III SnRK2s, which play crucial role in ABA signaling. Protein studies revealed that SlSnRK2.4 interacts with SlAREB1 and SlAREB2, the major downstream transcription factors of ABA-dependent signaling pathway. SlGRAS4 therefore confers drought tolerance may be through SnRK2-AREB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, 401331, Chongqing, China; Center of Plant Functional Genomics, Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Chongqing University, 401331, Chongqing, China
| | - Ling Wen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, 401331, Chongqing, China; Center of Plant Functional Genomics, Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Chongqing University, 401331, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuan Shi
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, 401331, Chongqing, China; Center of Plant Functional Genomics, Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Chongqing University, 401331, Chongqing, China
| | - Deding Su
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, 401331, Chongqing, China; Center of Plant Functional Genomics, Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Chongqing University, 401331, Chongqing, China
| | - Wang Lu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, 401331, Chongqing, China; Center of Plant Functional Genomics, Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Chongqing University, 401331, Chongqing, China
| | - Yulin Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, 401331, Chongqing, China; Center of Plant Functional Genomics, Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Chongqing University, 401331, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhengguo Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, 401331, Chongqing, China; Center of Plant Functional Genomics, Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Chongqing University, 401331, Chongqing, China.
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Zulfiqar F, Ashraf M. Bioregulators: unlocking their potential role in regulation of the plant oxidative defense system. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 105:11-41. [PMID: 32990920 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-020-01077-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Plant bioregulators play an important role in managing oxidative stress tolerance in plants. Utilizing their ability in stress sensitive crops through genetic engineering will be a meaningful approach to manage food production under the threat of climate change. Exploitation of the plant defense system against oxidative stress to engineer tolerant plants in the climate change scenario is a sustainable and meaningful strategy. Plant bioregulators (PBRs), which are important biotic factors, are known to play a vital role not only in the development of plants, but also in inducing tolerance in plants against various environmental extremes. These bioregulators include auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins, abscisic acid, brassinosteroids, polyamines, strigolactones, and ascorbic acid and provide protection against the oxidative stress-associated reactive oxygen species through modulation or activation of a plant's antioxidant system. Therefore, exploitation of their functioning and accumulation is of considerable significance for the development of plants more tolerant of harsh environmental conditions in order to tackle the issue of food security under the threat of climate change. Therefore, this review summarizes a new line of evidence that how PBRs act as inducers of oxidative stress resistance in plants and how they could be modulated in transgenic crops via introgression of genes. Reactive oxygen species production during oxidative stress events and their neutralization through an efficient antioxidants system is comprehensively detailed. Further, the use of exogenously applied PBRs in the induction of oxidative stress resistance is discussed. Recent advances in engineering transgenic plants with modified PBR gene expression to exploit the plant defense system against oxidative stress are discussed from an agricultural perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal Zulfiqar
- Institute of Horticultural Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
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Liu Y, Shi Y, Su D, Lu W, Li Z. SlGRAS4 accelerates fruit ripening by regulating ethylene biosynthesis genes and SlMADS1 in tomato. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2021; 8:3. [PMID: 33384413 PMCID: PMC7775462 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-020-00431-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
GRAS proteins are plant-specific transcription factors that play crucial roles in plant development and stress responses. However, their involvement in the ripening of economically important fruits and their transcriptional regulatory mechanisms remain largely unclear. Here, we demonstrated that SlGRAS4, encoding a transcription factor of the GRAS family, was induced by the tomato ripening process and regulated by ethylene. Overexpression of SlGRAS4 accelerated fruit ripening, increased the total carotenoid content and increased PSY1 expression in SlGRAS4-OE fruit compared to wild-type fruit. The expression levels of key ethylene biosynthesis genes (SlACS2, SlACS4, SlACO1, and SlACO3) and crucial ripening regulators (RIN and NOR) were increased in SlGRAS4-OE fruit. The negative regulator of tomato fruit ripening, SlMADS1, was repressed in OE fruit. Exogenous ethylene and 1-MCP treatment revealed that more endogenous ethylene was derived in SlGRAS4-OE fruit. More obvious phenotypes were observed in OE seedlings after ACC treatment. Yeast one-hybrid and dual-luciferase assays confirmed that SlGRAS4 can directly bind SlACO1 and SlACO3 promoters to activate their transcription, and SlGRAS4 can also directly repress SlMADS1 expression. Our study identified that SlGRAS4 acts as a new regulator of fruit ripening by regulating ethylene biosynthesis genes in a direct manner. This provides new knowledge of GRAS transcription factors involved in regulating fruit ripening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, 401331, Chongqing, China
- Center of Plant Functional Genomics, Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Chongqing University, 401331, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuan Shi
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, 401331, Chongqing, China
- Center of Plant Functional Genomics, Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Chongqing University, 401331, Chongqing, China
| | - Deding Su
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, 401331, Chongqing, China
- Center of Plant Functional Genomics, Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Chongqing University, 401331, Chongqing, China
| | - Wang Lu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, 401331, Chongqing, China
- Center of Plant Functional Genomics, Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Chongqing University, 401331, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhengguo Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, 401331, Chongqing, China.
- Center of Plant Functional Genomics, Institute of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Chongqing University, 401331, Chongqing, China.
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Chang B, Ma K, Lu Z, Lu J, Cui J, Wang L, Jin B. Physiological, Transcriptomic, and Metabolic Responses of Ginkgo biloba L. to Drought, Salt, and Heat Stresses. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E1635. [PMID: 33287405 PMCID: PMC7761781 DOI: 10.3390/biom10121635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Ginkgo biloba L. is highly adaptable and resistant to a range of abiotic stressors, allowing its growth in various environments. However, it is unclear how G. biloba responds to common environmental stresses. We explored the physiological, transcriptomic, and metabolic responses of G. biloba to short-term drought, salt, and heat stresses. Proline, H2O2, and ABA contents, along with CAT activity, increased under all three types of stress. SOD activity increased under salt and heat stresses, while soluble protein and IAA contents decreased under drought and salt stresses. With respect to metabolites, D-glyceric acid increased in response to drought and salt stresses, whereas isomaltose 1, oxalamide, and threonine 2 increased under drought. Piceatannol 2,4-hydroxybutyrate and 1,3-diaminopropane increased under salt stress, whereas 4-aminobutyric acid 1 and galactonic acid increased in response to heat stress. Genes regulating nitrogen assimilation were upregulated only under drought, while the GRAS gene was upregulated under all three types of stressors. ARF genes were downregulated under heat stress, whereas genes encoding HSF and SPL were upregulated. Additionally, we predicted that miR156, miR160, miR172, and their target genes participate in stress responses. Our study provides valuable data for studying the multilevel response to drought, salinity, and heat in G. biloba.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Biao Jin
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (B.C.); (K.M.); (Z.L.); (J.L.); (J.C.); (L.W.)
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Li F, Chen X, Zhou S, Xie Q, Wang Y, Xiang X, Hu Z, Chen G. Overexpression of SlMBP22 in Tomato Affects Plant Growth and Enhances Tolerance to Drought Stress. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 301:110672. [PMID: 33218637 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
MADS-box transcription factors play crucial and diverse roles in plant growth and development, and the responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. However, the implementation of MADS-box transcription factors in regulating plant architecture and stress responses has not been fully explored in tomato. Here, we found that a novel MADS-box transcription factor, SlMBP22, participated in the control of agronomical traits, tolerance to abiotic stress, and regulation of auxin and gibberellin signalling. Transgenic plants overexpressing SlMBP22 (SlMBP22-OE) displayed pleiotropic phenotypes, including reduced plant height and leaf size, by affecting auxin and/or gibberellin signalling. SlMBP22 was induced by dehydration treatment, and SlMBP22-OE plants were more tolerant to drought stress than wild-type (WT). Furthermore, SlMBP22 overexpression plants accumulated more chlorophyll, starch and soluble sugar than WT, indicating that the darker green leaves might be attributed to increased chlorophyll levels in the transgenic plants. RNA-Seq results showed that the transcript levels of a series of genes related to chloroplast development, chlorophyll metabolism, starch and sucrose metabolism, hormone signalling, and stress responses were altered. Collectively, our data demonstrate that SlMBP22 plays an important role in both regulating tomato growth and resisting drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenfen Li
- Laboratory of molecular biology of tomato, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, PR China.
| | - Xinyu Chen
- Laboratory of molecular biology of tomato, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, PR China.
| | - Shengen Zhou
- Laboratory of molecular biology of tomato, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, PR China.
| | - Qiaoli Xie
- Laboratory of molecular biology of tomato, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, PR China.
| | - Yunshu Wang
- Laboratory of molecular biology of tomato, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, PR China.
| | - Xiaoxue Xiang
- Laboratory of molecular biology of tomato, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, PR China.
| | - Zongli Hu
- Laboratory of molecular biology of tomato, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, PR China.
| | - Guoping Chen
- Laboratory of molecular biology of tomato, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, PR China.
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Liu Y, Shi Y, Zhu N, Zhong S, Bouzayen M, Li Z. SlGRAS4 mediates a novel regulatory pathway promoting chilling tolerance in tomato. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2020; 18:1620-1633. [PMID: 31916348 PMCID: PMC7292549 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) plants are cold-sensitive, and the fruit are susceptible to postharvest chilling injury when stored at low temperature. However, the mechanisms underlying cold stress responses in tomato are poorly understood. We demonstrate that SlGRAS4, encoding a transcription factor induced by low temperature, promotes chilling tolerance in tomato leaves and fruit. Combined genome-wide ChIP-seq and RNA-seq approaches identified among cold stress-associated genes those being direct targets of SlGRAS4 and protein studies revealed that SlGRAS4 forms a homodimer to self-activate its own promoter. SlGRAS4 can also directly bind tomato SlCBF promoters to activate their transcription without inducing any growth retardation. The study identifies the SlGRAS4-regulon as a new cold response pathway conferring cold stress tolerance in tomato independently of the ICE1-CBF pathway. This provides new track for breeding strategies aiming to improve chilling tolerance of cultivated tomatoes and to preserve sensory qualities of tomato fruit often deteriorated by storage at low temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of ChongqingSchool of Life SciencesChongqing UniversityChongqingChina
- Center of Plant Functional GenomicsInstitute of Advanced Interdisciplinary StudiesChongqing UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Yuan Shi
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of ChongqingSchool of Life SciencesChongqing UniversityChongqingChina
- Center of Plant Functional GenomicsInstitute of Advanced Interdisciplinary StudiesChongqing UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Ning Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of AgrobiotechnologySchool of Life SciencesChinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina
| | - Silin Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of AgrobiotechnologySchool of Life SciencesChinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina
| | - Mondher Bouzayen
- Center of Plant Functional GenomicsInstitute of Advanced Interdisciplinary StudiesChongqing UniversityChongqingChina
- UMR990 INRA/INP‐ENSATUniversité de ToulouseCastanet‐TolosanFrance
| | - Zhengguo Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Hormones and Development Regulation of ChongqingSchool of Life SciencesChongqing UniversityChongqingChina
- Center of Plant Functional GenomicsInstitute of Advanced Interdisciplinary StudiesChongqing UniversityChongqingChina
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Alayafi AAM. Exogenous ascorbic acid induces systemic heat stress tolerance in tomato seedlings: transcriptional regulation mechanism. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:19186-19199. [PMID: 31448379 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06195-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The current study was devoted to assessing the impact of exogenous ascorbic acid (AsA) in inducing systemic thermotolerance against acute heat stress in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) seedlings. There were four treatment groups including untreated control (CK), heat-stressed tomato (HS: exposure to 40 °C for 8 h), and treated with ascorbic acid (0.5 mM AsA), and the last group includes both the exogenous application of ascorbic acid and heat stress (AsA + HS). The HS led to leaf curling and mild wilting while plants treated with AsA displayed similar phenotype with control plants, approving that AsA eliminated the injurious effects of the heat stress. The oxidative damage to cell components was confirmed by higher levels of hydrogen peroxide, lipid peroxidation, electrolyte leakage, total oxidant status, and oxidative stress index. Moreover, acute heat stress significantly reduced the photosynthetic pigment contents, and nutrient contents in tomato seedling leaves. In contrast, ascorbic acid postulated a priming effect on tomato roots and, substantially, alleviated heat stress effects on seedlings through reducing the oxidative damage and increasing the contents of ascorbic acid, proline, photosynthetic pigments, and upregulation of heat shock proteins in leaves. Ascorbic acid seems to be a key signaling molecule which enhanced the thermotolerance of tomato plants.
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Exogenous Ascorbic Acid Induced Chilling Tolerance in Tomato Plants Through Modulating Metabolism, Osmolytes, Antioxidants, and Transcriptional Regulation of Catalase and Heat Shock Proteins. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9040431. [PMID: 32244604 PMCID: PMC7238171 DOI: 10.3390/plants9040431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Chilling, a sort of cold stress, is a typical abiotic ecological stress that impacts the development as well as the growth of crops. The present study was carried to investigate the role of ascorbic acid root priming in enhancing tolerance of tomato seedlings against acute chilling stress. The treatments included untreated control, ascorbic acid-treated plants (AsA; 0.5 mM), acute chilling-stressed plants (4 °C), and chilling stressed seedlings treated by ascorbic acid. Exposure to acute chilling stress reduced growth in terms of length, fresh and dry biomass, pigment synthesis, and photosynthesis. AsA was effective in mitigating the injurious effects of chilling stress to significant levels when supplied at 0.5 mM concentrations. AsA priming reduced the chilling mediated oxidative damage by lowering the electrolyte leakage, lipid peroxidation, and hydrogen peroxide. Moreover, up regulating the activity of enzymatic components of the antioxidant system. Further, 0.5 mM AsA proved beneficial in enhancing ions uptake in normal and chilling stressed seedlings. At the gene expression level, AsA significantly lowered the expression level of CAT and heat shock protein genes. Therefore, we theorize that the implementation of exogenous AsA treatment reduced the negative effects of severe chilling stress on tomato.
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Zhang HX, Zhu WC, Feng XH, Jin JH, Wei AM, Gong ZH. Transcription Factor CaSBP12 Negatively Regulates Salt Stress Tolerance in Pepper ( Capsicum annuum L.). Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E444. [PMID: 31936712 PMCID: PMC7013666 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21020444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
SBP-box (Squamosa-promoter binding protein) genes are a type of plant-specific transcription factor and play important roles in plant growth, signal transduction, and stress response. However, little is known about the role of pepper SBP-box transcription factor genes in response to abiotic stress. Here, one of the pepper SBP-box gene, CaSBP12, was selected and isolated from pepper genome database in our previous study. The CaSBP12 gene was induced under salt stress. Silencing the CaSBP12 gene enhanced pepper plant tolerance to salt stress. The accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) of the detached leaves of CaSBP12-silenced plants was significantly lower than that of control plants. Besides, the Na+, malondialdehyde content, and conductivity were significantly increased in control plants than that in the CaSBP12-silenced plants. In addition, the CaSBP12 over-expressed Nicotiana benthamiana plants were more susceptible to salt stress with higher damage severity index percentage and accumulation of ROS as compared to the wild-type. These results indicated that CaSBP12 negatively regulates salt stress tolerance in pepper may relate to ROS signaling cascades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huai-Xia Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (H.-X.Z.); (X.-H.F.); (J.-H.J.)
| | - Wen-Chao Zhu
- Guizhou Institute of Pepper, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550009, China;
| | - Xiao-Hui Feng
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (H.-X.Z.); (X.-H.F.); (J.-H.J.)
| | - Jing-Hao Jin
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (H.-X.Z.); (X.-H.F.); (J.-H.J.)
| | - Ai-Min Wei
- Tianjin Vegetable Research Center, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300192, China;
| | - Zhen-Hui Gong
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (H.-X.Z.); (X.-H.F.); (J.-H.J.)
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Wang TT, Yu TF, Fu JD, Su HG, Chen J, Zhou YB, Chen M, Guo J, Ma YZ, Wei WL, Xu ZS. Genome-Wide Analysis of the GRAS Gene Family and Functional Identification of GmGRAS37 in Drought and Salt Tolerance. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:604690. [PMID: 33424904 PMCID: PMC7793673 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.604690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
GRAS genes, which form a plant-specific transcription factor family, play an important role in plant growth and development and stress responses. However, the functions of GRAS genes in soybean (Glycine max) remain largely unknown. Here, 117 GRAS genes distributed on 20 chromosomes were identified in the soybean genome and were classified into 11 subfamilies. Of the soybean GRAS genes, 80.34% did not have intron insertions, and 54 pairs of genes accounted for 88.52% of duplication events (61 pairs). RNA-seq analysis demonstrated that most GmGRASs were expressed in 14 different soybean tissues examined and responded to multiple abiotic stresses. Results from quantitative real-time PCR analysis of six selected GmGRASs suggested that GmGRAS37 was significantly upregulated under drought and salt stress conditions and abscisic acid and brassinosteroid treatment; therefore, this gene was selected for further study. Subcellular localization analysis revealed that the GmGRAS37 protein was located in the plasma membrane, nucleus, and cytosol. Soybean hairy roots overexpressing GmGRAS37 had improved resistance to drought and salt stresses. In addition, these roots showed increased transcript levels of several drought- and salt-related genes. The results of this study provide the basis for comprehensive analysis of GRAS genes and insight into the abiotic stress response mechanism in soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Ting Wang
- College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
- Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Tai-Fei Yu
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Jin-Dong Fu
- Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong-Gang Su
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Yong-Bin Zhou
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - You-Zhi Ma
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Wen-Liang Wei
- College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
- Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
- Wen-Liang Wei,
| | - Zhao-Shi Xu
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Zhao-Shi Xu,
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Naeem M, Waseem M, Zhu Z, Zhang L. Downregulation of SlGRAS15 manipulates plant architecture in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). Dev Genes Evol 2019; 230:1-12. [PMID: 31828522 DOI: 10.1007/s00427-019-00643-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
GRAS family transcription factors (TF) are involved in multiple biological processes in plants. In recent years among the 54 identified GRAS proteins, only few have been studied functionally in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). In the present study, a novel and previously uncharacterized member of tomato GRAS transcription factors family SlGRAS15 was isolated and functionally characterized. It was observed that SlGRAS15 preferably expressed in roots, followed by young leaves, stem, and comparatively low transcripts levels were noticed in all other tissues. To explore the SlGRAS15 function in detail, an RNA interference (RNAi) vector targeting SlGRAS15 was constructed and transformed into tomato plants. The transgenic plants carrying SlGRAS15-RNAi displayed pleiotropic phenotypes associated with multiple agronomical traits including reduced plant height and small leaf size with pointed margins, increased node number, lateral shoots, and petiolules length. In addition, transcriptional analysis revealed that silencing SlGRAS15 altered vegetative growth by downregulating gibberellin (GA) biosynthesis genes and stimulating the GA deactivating genes, thus lowering the endogenous GA content in tomato transgenic lines. Moreover, the GA signaling downstream gene (SlGAST1) was downregulated but the negative regulator of GA signaling (SlDELLA) was upregulated by SlGRAS15 silencing. The root and hypocotyl length in SlGRAS15-RNAi lines showed reduced growth under normal conditions (Mock) as compared with the wild type (WT) control plants. Taken together, these findings enhanced our understanding that suppression of SlGRAS15 lead to a series of developmental processes by modulating gibberellin signaling and demonstrate an association between the SlGRAS15 and GA signaling pathway during vegetative growth in tomato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Naeem
- Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Campus B, 174 Shapingba Main Street, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Muhammad Waseem
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Huxi Campus, Daxuecheng, Shapingba, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiguo Zhu
- Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Campus B, 174 Shapingba Main Street, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lincheng Zhang
- Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Campus B, 174 Shapingba Main Street, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
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Identification and Expression Analysis of GRAS Transcription Factors to Elucidate Candidate Genes Related to Stolons, Fruit Ripening and Abiotic Stresses in Woodland Strawberry ( Fragaria vesca). Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20184593. [PMID: 31533278 PMCID: PMC6770801 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The cultivated strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa), an allo-octoploid with non-climacteric fleshy fruits, is a popular Rosaceae horticultural crop worldwide that is mainly propagated via stolons during cultivation. Woodland strawberry (Fragaria vesca), one of the four diploid progenitor species of cultivated strawberry, is widely used as a model plant in the study of Rosaceae fruit trees, non-climacteric fruits and stolons. One GRAS transcription factor has been shown to regulate stolon formation; the other GRAS proteins in woodland strawberry remain unknown. In this study, we identified 54 FveGRAS proteins in woodland strawberry, and divided them into 14 subfamilies. Conserved motif analysis revealed that the motif composition of FveGRAS proteins was conserved within each subfamily, but diverged widely among subfamilies. We found 56 orthologous pairs of GRAS proteins between woodland strawberry and Arabidopsis thaliana, 47 orthologous pairs between woodland strawberry and rice and 92 paralogous pairs within woodland strawberry. The expression patterns of FveGRAS genes in various organs and tissues, and changes therein under cold, heat and GA3 treatments, were characterized using transcriptomic analysis. The results showed that 34 FveGRAS genes were expressed with different degrees in at least four organs, including stolons; only a few genes displayed organ-specific expression. The expression levels of 16 genes decreased, while that of four genes increased during fruit ripening; FveGRAS54 showed the largest increase in expression. Under cold, heat and GA3 treatments, around half of the FveGRAS genes displayed increased or decreased expression to some extent, suggesting differing functions of these FveGRAS genes in the responses to cold, heat and GAs. This study provides insight into the potential functions of FveGRAS genes in woodland strawberry. A few FveGRAS genes were identified as candidate genes for further study, in terms of their functions in stolon formation, fruit ripening and abiotic stresses.
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Overexpression of SlGRAS7 Affects Multiple Behaviors Leading to Confer Abiotic Stresses Tolerance and Impacts Gibberellin and Auxin Signaling in Tomato. Int J Genomics 2019; 2019:4051981. [PMID: 31355243 PMCID: PMC6636567 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4051981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Abiotic stresses remain the key environmental issues that reduce plant development and therefore affect crop production. Transcription factors, such as the GRAS family, are involved in various functions of abiotic stresses and plant growth. The GRAS family of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), SlGRAS7, is described in this study. We produced overexpressing SlGARS7 plants to learn more about the GRAS transcription factors. Plants overexpressing SlGARS7 (SlGRAS7-OE) showed multiple phenotypes related to many behaviors, including plant height, root and shoot length, and flowering time. We observed that many genes in the SlGRAS7-OE seedlings that are associated with auxin and gibberellin (GA) are downregulated and have altered sensitivity to GA3/IAA. SlGRAS7 was upregulated during abiotic stresses following treatment with sodium chloride (NaCl) and D-mannitol in the wild-type (WT) tomato. Tomato plants overexpressing SlGRAS7 showed more resistance to drought and salt stress comparison with WT. Our study of SlGRAS7 in tomato demonstrates how GRAS showed an integrative role, improving resistance to abiotic stresses and enhancing gibberellin/auxin signaling through reproductive as well as vegetative processes.
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Yang G, Gao X, Ma K, Li D, Jia C, Zhai M, Xu Z. The walnut transcription factor JrGRAS2 contributes to high temperature stress tolerance involving in Dof transcriptional regulation and HSP protein expression. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 18:367. [PMID: 30572834 PMCID: PMC6302389 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-018-1568-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND GRAS transcription factor (TF) family is unique and numerous in higher plants with diverse functions that involving in plant growth and development processes, such as gibberellin (GA) signal transduction, root development, root nodule formation, and mycorrhiza formation. Walnut tree is exposed to various environmental stimulus that causing concern about its resistance mechanism. In order to understand the molecular mechanism of walnut to adversity response, a GRAS TF (JrGRAS2) was cloned and characterized from Juglans regia in this study. RESULTS A 1500 bp promoter fragment of JrGRAS2 was identified from the genome of J. regia, in which the cis-elements were screened. This JrGRAS2 promoter displayed expression activity that was enhanced significantly by high temperature (HT) stress. Yeast one-hybrid assay, transient expression and chromatin immunoprecipitation (Chip)-PCR analysis revealed that JrDof3 could specifically bind to the DOFCOREZM motif and share similar expression patterns with JrGRAS2 under HT stress. The transcription of JrGRAS2 was induced by HT stress and up-regulated to 6.73-~11.96-fold in the leaf and 2.53-~4.50-fold in the root to control, respectively. JrGRAS2 was overexpressed in Arabidopsis, three lines with much high expression level of JrGRAS2 (S3, S7, and S8) were selected for HT stress tolerance analysis. Compared to the wild type (WT) Arabidopsis, S3, S7, and S8 exhibited enhanced seed germination rate, fresh weight accumulation, and activities of catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) under HT stress. In contrast, the Evans blue staining, electrolyte leakage (EL) rates, hydrogen dioxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content of transgenic seedlings were all lower than those of WT exposed to HT stress. Furthermore, the expression of heat shock proteins (HSPs) in S3, S7, and S8 was significant higher than those in WT plants. The similar results were obtained in JrGRAS2 transient overexpression walnut lines under normal and HT stress conditions. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggested that JrDof3 TF contributes to improve the HT stress response of JrGRAS2, which could effectively control the expression of HSPs to enhance HT stress tolerance. JrGRAS2 is an useful candidate gene for heat response in plant molecular breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiyan Yang
- Laboratory of Walnut Research Center, College of Forestry, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plant Resources Development and Utilization in Shaanxi Province, College of Forestry, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Xiangqian Gao
- Laboratory of Walnut Research Center, College of Forestry, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plant Resources Development and Utilization in Shaanxi Province, College of Forestry, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Kaiheng Ma
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plant Resources Development and Utilization in Shaanxi Province, College of Forestry, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Dapei Li
- Laboratory of Walnut Research Center, College of Forestry, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plant Resources Development and Utilization in Shaanxi Province, College of Forestry, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Caixia Jia
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plant Resources Development and Utilization in Shaanxi Province, College of Forestry, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Meizhi Zhai
- Laboratory of Walnut Research Center, College of Forestry, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Zhenggang Xu
- Hunan Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Environmental and Resources Plant, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, 498 Shaoshan South Road, Changsha, 410004 Hunan Province China
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Cui J, Jiang N, Zhou X, Hou X, Yang G, Meng J, Luan Y. Tomato MYB49 enhances resistance to Phytophthora infestans and tolerance to water deficit and salt stress. PLANTA 2018; 248:1487-1503. [PMID: 30132153 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-018-2987-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
MYB49-overexpressing tomato plants showed significant resistance to Phytophthora infestans and tolerance to drought and salt stresses. This finding reveals the potential application of tomato MYB49 in future molecular breeding. Biotic and abiotic stresses severely reduce the productivity of tomato worldwide. Therefore, it is necessary to find key genes to simultaneously improve plant resistance to pathogens and tolerance to various abiotic stresses. In this study, based on homologous relationships with Arabidopsis R2R3-MYBs (AtMYBs) involved in responses to biotic and abiotic stresses, we identified a total of 24 R2R3-MYB transcription factors in the tomato genome. Among these tomato R2R3-MYBs, MYB49 (Solyc10g008700.1) was clustered into subgroup 11 by phylogenetic analysis, and its expression level was significantly induced after treatment with P. infestans, NaCl and PEG6000. Overexpression of MYB49 in tomato significantly enhanced the resistance of tomato to P. infestans, as evidenced by decreases in the number of necrotic cells, sizes of lesion, abundance of P. infestans, and disease index. Likewise, MYB49-overexpressing transgenic tomato plants also displayed increased tolerance to drought and salt stresses. Compared to WT plants, the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), malonaldehyde content, and relative electrolyte leakage was decreased, and peroxidase activity, superoxide dismutase activity, chlorophyll content, and photosynthetic rate were increased in MYB49-overexpressing tomato plants under P. infestans, salt or drought stress. These results suggested that tomato MYB49, as a positive regulator, could enhance the capacity to scavenge ROS, inhibit cell membrane damage and cell death, and protect chloroplasts, resulting in an improvement in resistance to P. infestans and tolerance to salt and drought stresses, and they provide a candidate gene for tomato breeding to enhance biotic stress resistance and abiotic stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Cui
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Ning Jiang
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Xiaoxu Zhou
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Xinxin Hou
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Guanglei Yang
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Jun Meng
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
| | - Yushi Luan
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
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Zhou S, Hu Z, Li F, Yu X, Naeem M, Zhang Y, Chen G. Manipulation of plant architecture and flowering time by down-regulation of the GRAS transcription factor SlGRAS26 in Solanum lycopersicum. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 271:81-93. [PMID: 29650160 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2018.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Revised: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies suggest that GRAS transcription factors act as essential regulators, not only in plant growth and development but also in response to biotic and abiotic stresses. Recently, 53 GRAS proteins have been identified, but only a few of them have been functionally studied in tomato. Here, we isolated a novel GRAS transcription factor SlGRAS26, its down-regulation generated pleiotropic phenotypes, including reduced plant height with more lateral shoots, internode length, leaf size, even leaflets, accelerated flowering transition and decreased trichome number. Transcription analysis showed that down-regulation of SlGRAS26 altered vegetative growth by suppressing gibberellin (GA) biosynthesis genes and activating the GA inactivating genes, thereby reducing endogenous GA content in transgenic plants. SlGRAS26 may regulate the initiation of lateral buds by regulating the expression of Blind (BL) and BRC1b. The earlier initiation of flower buds in transgenic lines may be controlled by significant up-regulation of SFT, CO1, SBP3, SBP13, and SBP15 genes, related to flowering time. These results demonstrate that SlGRAS26 may play a vital role in the initiation of lateral and inflorescence meristems in tomato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengen Zhou
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Tomato, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zongli Hu
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Tomato, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Fenfen Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Tomato, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaohui Yu
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Tomato, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Muhammad Naeem
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Tomato, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yanjie Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guoping Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Tomato, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
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Li P, Zhang B, Su T, Li P, Xin X, Wang W, Zhao X, Yu Y, Zhang D, Yu S, Zhang F. BrLAS, a GRAS Transcription Factor From Brassica rapa, Is Involved in Drought Stress Tolerance in Transgenic Arabidopsis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1792. [PMID: 30574156 PMCID: PMC6291521 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
GRAS proteins belong to a plant-specific transcription factor family and play roles in diverse physiological processes and environmental signals. In this study, we identified and characterized a GRAS transcription factor gene in Brassica rapa, BrLAS, an ortholog of Arabidopsis AtLAS. BrLAS was primarily expressed in the roots and axillary meristems, and localized exclusively in the nucleus of B. rapa protoplast cells. qRT-PCR analysis indicated that BrLAS was upregulated by exogenous abscisic acid (ABA) and abiotic stress treatment [polyethylene glycol (PEG), NaCl, and H2O2]. BrLAS-overexpressing Arabidopsis plants exhibited pleiotropic characteristics, including morphological changes, delayed bolting and flowering time, reduced fertility and delayed senescence. Transgenic plants also displayed significantly enhanced drought resistance with decreased accumulation of ROS and increased antioxidant enzyme activity under drought treatment compared with the wild-type. Increased sensitivity to exogenous ABA was also observed in the transgenic plants. qRT-PCR analysis further showed that expression of several genes involved in stress responses and associated with leaf senescence were also modified. These findings suggest that BrLAS encodes a stress-responsive GRASs transcription factor that positively regulates drought stress tolerance, suggesting a role in breeding programs aimed at improving drought tolerance in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Li
- Beijing Vegetable Research Center (BVRC), Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science (BAAFS), Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Improvement, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Beijing Vegetable Research Center (BVRC), Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science (BAAFS), Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Tongbing Su
- Beijing Vegetable Research Center (BVRC), Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science (BAAFS), Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Improvement, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Peirong Li
- Beijing Vegetable Research Center (BVRC), Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science (BAAFS), Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Improvement, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyun Xin
- Beijing Vegetable Research Center (BVRC), Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science (BAAFS), Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Weihong Wang
- Beijing Vegetable Research Center (BVRC), Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science (BAAFS), Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Improvement, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Xiuyun Zhao
- Beijing Vegetable Research Center (BVRC), Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science (BAAFS), Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Improvement, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Yangjun Yu
- Beijing Vegetable Research Center (BVRC), Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science (BAAFS), Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Improvement, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Deshuang Zhang
- Beijing Vegetable Research Center (BVRC), Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science (BAAFS), Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Improvement, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Shuancang Yu
- Beijing Vegetable Research Center (BVRC), Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science (BAAFS), Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Improvement, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Shuancang Yu, Fenglan Zhang,
| | - Fenglan Zhang
- Beijing Vegetable Research Center (BVRC), Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science (BAAFS), Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Improvement, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Shuancang Yu, Fenglan Zhang,
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