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Cui D, Song Y, Jiang W, Ye H, Wang S, Yuan L, Liu B. Genome-wide characterization of the GRF transcription factors in potato ( Solanum tuberosum L.) and expression analysis of StGRF genes during potato tuber dormancy and sprouting. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1417204. [PMID: 38978523 PMCID: PMC11228316 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1417204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Growth-regulating factors (GRFs) are transcription factors that play a pivotal role in plant growth and development. This study identifies 12 Solanum tuberosum GRF transcription factors (StGRFs) and analyzes their physicochemical properties, phylogenetic relationships, gene structures and gene expression patterns using bioinformatics. The StGRFs exhibit a length range of 266 to 599 amino acids, with a molecular weight of 26.02 to 64.52 kDa. The majority of StGRFs possess three introns. The promoter regions contain a plethora of cis-acting elements related to plant growth and development, as well as environmental stress and hormone response. All the members of the StGRF family contain conserved WRC and QLQ domains, with the sequences of these two conserved domain modules exhibiting high levels of conservation. Transcriptomic data indicates that StGRFs play a significant role in the growth and development of stamens, roots, young tubers, and other tissues or organs in potatoes. Furthermore, a few StGRFs exhibit differential expression patterns in response to Phytophthora infestans, chemical elicitors, heat, salt, and drought stresses, as well as multiple hormone treatments. The results of the expression analysis indicate that StGRF1, StGRF2, StGRF5, StGRF7, StGRF10 and StGRF12 are involved in the process of tuber sprouting, while StGRF4 and StGRF9 may play a role in tuber dormancy. These findings offer valuable insights that can be used to investigate the roles of StGRFs during potato tuber dormancy and sprouting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danni Cui
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Northwest A&F University, Shenzhen, China
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yin Song
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Northwest A&F University, Shenzhen, China
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Weihao Jiang
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Northwest A&F University, Shenzhen, China
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Han Ye
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Northwest A&F University, Shenzhen, China
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Shipeng Wang
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Northwest A&F University, Shenzhen, China
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Li Yuan
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Northwest A&F University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bailin Liu
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Northwest A&F University, Shenzhen, China
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
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Nahuelcura J, Bravo C, Valdebenito A, Rivas S, Santander C, González F, Cornejo P, Contreras B, Ruiz A. Physiological and Enzymatic Antioxidant Responses of Solanum tuberosum Leaves to Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Inoculation under Water Stress. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1153. [PMID: 38674562 PMCID: PMC11054134 DOI: 10.3390/plants13081153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Solanum tuberosum is one of the most widely cropped plant species worldwide; unfortunately, drought is one of the major constraints on potato productivity because it affects the physiology, biochemical processes, and yield. The use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) has exhibited beneficial effects on plants during drought. The objective of this study was to analyse the effect of AMF inoculation on two genotypes of potato plants exposed to water stress, and the photosynthetic traits, enzymatic antioxidant activity, and exudation of low-molecular-weight organic acids (LMWOAs) of potato plants inoculated with two strains of AMF, Claroideoglomus claroideum (CC) and Claroideoglomus lamellosum (HMC26), were evaluated. Stomatal conductance exhibited a similar trend in the CC and HMC26 treatments for both potato genotypes; moreover, the photosynthetic rate significantly increased by 577.9% between the 100% soil humidity (S0) and 40% soil humidity (S2) stress levels for the VR808 genotype under the CC treatment. The activities of the enzymes catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) showed similar trends. In this study, there were different responses among genotypes and treatments. Inoculation with CC under S2 stress levels is a promising potential approach for improving potato growth under drought conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javiera Nahuelcura
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus BIOREN-UFRO, Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco 4811230, Chile (C.S.)
| | - Catalina Bravo
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus BIOREN-UFRO, Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco 4811230, Chile (C.S.)
| | - Analía Valdebenito
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus BIOREN-UFRO, Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco 4811230, Chile (C.S.)
| | - Sheina Rivas
- Doctorado en Ciencias de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Christian Santander
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus BIOREN-UFRO, Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco 4811230, Chile (C.S.)
| | - Felipe González
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus BIOREN-UFRO, Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco 4811230, Chile (C.S.)
- Doctorado en Ciencias Mención Biología Celular y Molecular Aplicada, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Pablo Cornejo
- Escuela de Agronomía, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas y de los Alimentos, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Quillota 2260000, Chile;
- Centro Regional de Investigación e Innovación para la Sostenibilidad de la Agricultura y los Territorios Rurales, CERES, La Palma, Quillota 2260000, Chile
| | - Boris Contreras
- Novaseed Ltd., Loteo Pozo de Ripio s/n, Parque Ivian II, Puerto Varas 5550000, Chile
| | - Antonieta Ruiz
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus BIOREN-UFRO, Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco 4811230, Chile (C.S.)
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3
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Schilling F, Schumacher C, Köhl K, Sprenger H, Kopka J, Peters R, Haas M, Zuther E, Horn R. Whole-genome sequencing of tetraploid potato varieties reveals different strategies for drought tolerance. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5476. [PMID: 38443466 PMCID: PMC10914802 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55669-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Climate changes leading to increasingly longer seasonal drought periods in large parts of the world increase the necessity for breeding drought-tolerant crops. Cultivated potato (Solanum tuberosum), the third most important vegetable crop worldwide, is regarded as drought-sensitive due to its shallow root architecture. Two German tetraploid potato cultivars differing in drought tolerance and their F1-progeny were evaluated under various drought scenarios. Bulked segregant analyses were combined with whole-genome sequencing (BSA-Seq) using contrasting bulks of drought-tolerant and drought-sensitive F1-clones. Applying QTLseqr, 15 QTLs comprising 588,983 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 2325 genes associated with drought stress tolerance were identified. SeqSNP analyses in an association panel of 34 mostly starch potato varieties using 1-8 SNPs for each of 188 selected genes narrowed the number of candidate genes down to 10. In addition, ent-kaurene synthase B was the only gene present under QTL 10. Eight of the identified genes (StABP1, StBRI1, StKS, StLEA, StPKSP1, StPKSP2, StYAB5, and StZOG1) address plant development, the other three genes (StFATA, StHGD and StSYP) contribute to plant protection under drought stress. Allelic variation in these genes might be explored in future breeding for drought-tolerant potato varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Schilling
- Department of Plant Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 3, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Christina Schumacher
- Department of Plant Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 3, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Karin Köhl
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Heike Sprenger
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
- Department of Food Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Max-Dohrn-Straße 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany
| | - Joachim Kopka
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Rolf Peters
- Landwirtschaftskammer Niedersachsen, Dethlingen 14, 29633, Munster, Germany
- PotatoConsult UG, Hiddinger Straße 33, 27374, Visselhövede, Germany
| | - Manuela Haas
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
- Ministry of Agriculture, Environment and Climate Protection, Henning-Von-Tresckow-Straße 2-13, 14467, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Ellen Zuther
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
- Center of Artificial Intelligence in Public Health Research, Robert Koch Institute, Nordufer 20, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Renate Horn
- Department of Plant Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 3, 18059, Rostock, Germany.
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Zhang S, Ye H, Kong L, Li X, Chen Y, Wang S, Liu B. Multivariate Analysis Compares and Evaluates Heat Tolerance of Potato Germplasm. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:142. [PMID: 38202450 PMCID: PMC10781149 DOI: 10.3390/plants13010142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
High temperature is the most important environmental factor limiting potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) yield. The tuber yield has been used to evaluate the heat tolerance of some potato cultivars, but potato yield was closely correlated with the maturation period. Therefore, it is necessary to employ different parameters to comprehensively analyze and evaluate potato tolerance to heat stress. This study aimed to investigate physiologic changes during growth and development, and develop accurate heat tolerance evaluation methods of potato cultivars under heat stress. About 93 cultivars (including foreign elite lines, local landraces and cultivars) were screened using an in vitro tuber-inducing system (continuous darkness and 8% sucrose in the culture medium) under heat stress (30 °C) and normal (22 °C) conditions for 30 days. The tuber yield and number decreased significantly under heat stress compared to the control. A total of 42 cultivars were initially selected depending on tuber formation, after in vitro screening, further testing of selected cultivars was conducted in ex vitro conditions. The screened cultivars were further exposed to heat stress (35 °C/28 °C, day/night) for 60 days. Heat stress led to an increase in the plant height growth rate, fourth internode growth rate, and membrane damage, and due to heat-induced damage to chloroplasts, decrease in chlorophyll biosynthesis and photosynthetic efficiency. Three principal components were extracted by principal component analysis. Correlation and regression analysis showed that heat tolerance is positively correlated with the plant height growth rate, fourth internode growth rate, the content of chlorophyll b, photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, tuber number, and tuber yield, and negatively correlated with the cell membrane injury level. The nine traits are accurate and representative indicators for evaluating potato tolerance to heat stress and could determine a relatively high mean forecast accuracy of 100.0% for the comprehensive evaluation value. Through cluster analysis and screening, cultivar FA, D73, and C132 had the highest heat comprehensive evaluation value, which could be further selected as heat-resistant varieties. This study provides insights into the different physiological mechanisms and accurate evaluation methods of potato cultivars under heat stress, which could be valuable for further research and breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Han Ye
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Northwest A&F University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Lingshuang Kong
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Yeqing Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Shipeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Bailin Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Northwest A&F University, Shenzhen 518000, China
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Vijayakumar S, Wang Y, Lehretz G, Taylor S, Carmo-Silva E, Long S. Kinetic modeling identifies targets for engineering improved photosynthetic efficiency in potato (Solanum tuberosum cv. Solara). THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 117:561-572. [PMID: 37921015 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Potato (Solanum tuberosum) is a significant non-grain food crop in terms of global production. However, its yield potential might be raised by identifying means to release bottlenecks within photosynthetic metabolism, from the capture of solar energy to the synthesis of carbohydrates. Recently, engineered increases in photosynthetic rates in other crops have been directly related to increased yield - how might such increases be achieved in potato? To answer this question, we derived the photosynthetic parameters Vcmax and Jmax to calibrate a kinetic model of leaf metabolism (e-Photosynthesis) for potato. This model was then used to simulate the impact of manipulating the expression of genes and their protein products on carbon assimilation rates in silico through optimizing resource investment among 23 photosynthetic enzymes, predicting increases in photosynthetic CO2 uptake of up to 67%. However, this number of manipulations would not be practical with current technologies. Given a limited practical number of manipulations, the optimization indicated that an increase in amounts of three enzymes - Rubisco, FBP aldolase, and SBPase - would increase net assimilation. Increasing these alone to the levels predicted necessary for optimization increased photosynthetic rate by 28% in potato.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yu Wang
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Günter Lehretz
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Samuel Taylor
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YW, UK
| | | | - Stephen Long
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
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Lee S, Yun CM. A deep learning model for predicting risks of crop pests and diseases from sequential environmental data. PLANT METHODS 2023; 19:145. [PMID: 38093269 PMCID: PMC10720067 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-023-01122-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Crop pests reduce productivity, so managing them through early detection and prevention is essential. Data from various modalities are being used to predict crop diseases by applying machine learning methodology. In particular, because growth environment data is relatively easy to obtain, many attempts are made to predict pests and diseases using it. In this paper, we propose a model that predicts diseases through previous growth environment information of crops, including air temperature, relative humidity, dew point, and CO2 concentration, using deep learning techniques. Using large-scale public data on crops of strawberry, pepper, grape, tomato, and paprika, we showed the model can predict the risk score of crop pests and diseases. It showed high predictive performance with an average AUROC of 0.917, and based on the predicted results, it can help prevent pests or post-processing. This environmental data-based crop disease prediction model and learning framework are expected to be universally applicable to various facilities and crops for disease/pest prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangyeon Lee
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Choa Mun Yun
- Sherpa Space Inc., Daejeon, 34028, Republic of Korea.
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Tao H, Wang S, Li X, Li X, Cai J, Zhao L, Wang J, Zeng J, Qin Y, Xiong X, Cai Y. Biological control of potato common scab and growth promotion of potato by Bacillus velezensis Y6. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1295107. [PMID: 38149275 PMCID: PMC10750399 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1295107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Potato common scab, caused mainly by Streptomyces scabies, causes surface necrosis and reduces the economic value of potato tubers, but effective chemical control is still lacking. In this study, an attempt was made to control potato common scab by inoculating potatoes with Bacillus velezensis (B. velezensis) and to further investigate the mechanism of biological control. The results showed that B. velezensis Y6 could reduce the disease severity of potato common scab from 49.92 ± 25.74% [inoculated with Streptomyces scabies (S. scabies) only] to 5.56 ± 1.89% (inoculated with S. scabies and Y6 on the same day) and increase the potato yield by 37.32% compared with the control under pot experiment in this study. Moreover, in the field trial, it was found that Y6 could also significantly reduce disease severity from 13.20 ± 1.00% to 4.00 ± 0.70% and increase the potato yield from 2.07 ± 0.10 ton/mu to 2.87 ± 0.28 ton/mu (p < 0.01; Tukey's test). Furthermore, RNA-seq analysis indicated that 256 potato genes were upregulated and 183 potato genes were downregulated in response to B. velezensis Y6 inoculation. In addition, strain Y6 was found to induce the expression of plant growth-related genes in potato, including cell wall organization, biogenesis, brassinosteroid biosynthesis, and plant hormone transduction genes, by 1.01-4.29 times. As well as up-regulate hydroquinone metabolism-related genes and several transcription factors (bHLH, MYB, and NAC) by 1.13-4.21 times. In summary, our study will help to understand the molecular mechanism of biological control of potato common scab and improve potato yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Tao
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shisong Wang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaobo Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianying Cai
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lanfeng Zhao
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Guangdong Institute Center of Wine and Spirits, Guangdong Institute of Food Inspection, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ji Zeng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuzhi Qin
- Engineering Research Center for Horticultural Crop Germplasm Creation and New Variety Breeding, Ministry of Education Changsha, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Potatoes, Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Key Laboratory for Vegetable Biology of Hunan Province, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Xingyao Xiong
- Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yanfei Cai
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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Zhu W, Xue C, Chen M, Yang Q. StHsfB5 Promotes Heat Resistance by Directly Regulating the Expression of Hsp Genes in Potato. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16528. [PMID: 38003725 PMCID: PMC10671264 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
With global warming, high temperatures have become a major environmental stress that inhibits plant growth and development. Plants evolve several mechanisms to cope with heat stress accordingly. One of the important mechanisms is the Hsf (heat shock factor)-Hsp (heat shock protein) signaling pathway. Therefore, the plant transcription factor Hsf family plays important roles in response to heat stress. All Hsfs can be divided into three classes (A, B, and C). Usually, class-A Hsfs are transcriptional activators, while class-B Hsfs are transcriptional repressors. In potato, our previous work identified 27 Hsfs in the genome and analyzed HsfA3 and HsfA4C functions that promote potato heat resistance. However, the function of HsfB is still elusive. In this study, the unique B5 member StHsfB5 in potato was obtained, and its characterizations and functions were comprehensively analyzed. A quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) assay showed that StHsfB5 was highly expressed in root, and its expression was induced by heat treatment and different kinds of phytohormones. The subcellular localization of StHsfB5 was in the nucleus, which is consistent with the characterization of transcription factors. The transgenic lines overexpressing StHsfB5 showed higher heat resistance compared with that of the control nontransgenic lines and inhibitory lines. Experiments on the interaction between protein and DNA indicated that the StHsfB5 protein can directly bind to the promoters of target genes small Hsps (sHsp17.6, sHsp21, and sHsp22.7) and Hsp80, and then induce the expressions of these target genes. All these results showed that StHsfB5 may be a coactivator that promotes potato heat resistance ability by directly inducing the expression of its target genes sHsp17.6, sHsp21, sHsp22.7, and Hsp80.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjiao Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (C.X.); (M.C.)
| | | | | | - Qing Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (C.X.); (M.C.)
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Dahal K, Milne MA, Gervais T. The enhancement of photosynthetic performance, water use efficiency and potato yield under elevated CO 2 is cultivar dependent. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1287825. [PMID: 38046606 PMCID: PMC10690597 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1287825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
As a fourth major food crop, potato could fulfill the nutritional demand of the growing population. Understanding how potato plants respond to predicted increase in atmospheric CO2 at the physiological, biochemical and molecular level is therefore important to improve potato productivity. Thus, the main objectives of the present study are to investigate the effects of elevated CO2 on the photosynthetic performance, water use efficiency and tuber yield of various commercial potato cultivars combined with biochemical and molecular analyses. We grew five potato cultivars (AC Novachip, Atlantic, Kennebec, Russet Burbank and Shepody) at either ambient CO2 (400 μmol CO2 mol-1) or elevated (750 μmol CO2 mol-1) CO2. Compared to ambient CO2-grown counterparts, elevated CO2-grown Russet Burbank and Shepody exhibited a significant increase in tuber yield of 107% and 49% respectively, whereas AC Novachip, Atlantic and Kennebec exhibited a 16%, 6% and 44% increment respectively. These differences in CO2-enhancement of tuber yield across the cultivars were mainly associated with the differences in CO2-stimulation of rates of photosynthesis. For instance, elevated CO2 significantly stimulated the rates of gross photosynthesis for AC Novachip (30%), Russet Burbank (41%) and Shepody (28%) but had minimal effects for Atlantic and Kennebec when measured at growth light. Elevated CO2 significantly increased the total tuber number for Atlantic (40%) and Shepody (83%) but had insignificant effects for other cultivars. Average tuber size increased for AC Novachip (16%), Kennebec (30%) and Russet Burbank (80%), but decreased for Atlantic (25%) and Shepody (19%) under elevated versus ambient CO2 conditions. Although elevated CO2 minimally decreased stomatal conductance (6-22%) and transpiration rates (2-36%), instantaneous water use efficiency increased by up to 79% in all cultivars suggesting that enhanced water use efficiency was mainly associated with increased photosynthesis at elevated CO2. The effects of elevated CO2 on electron transport rates, non-photochemical quenching, excitation pressure, and leaf chlorophyll and protein content varied across the cultivars. We did not observe any significant differences in plant growth and morphology in elevated versus ambient CO2-grown plants. Taken all together, we conclude that the CO2-stimulation of photosynthetic performance, water use efficiency and tuber yield of potatoes is cultivar dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keshav Dahal
- Fredericton Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Fredericton, NB, Canada
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10
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Martins VS, Andrade MHML, Padua LN, Miguel LA, Fernandes Filho CC, Guedes ML, Nunes JAR, Hoffmann LJ, Zotarelli L, Resende MFRDJ, Carneiro PCS, Marçal TDS. Evaluating the impact of modeling the family effect for clonal selection in potato-breeding programs. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1253706. [PMID: 37965021 PMCID: PMC10642306 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1253706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Because of its wide distribution, high yield potential, and short cycle, the potato has become essential for global food security. However, the complexity of tetrasomic inheritance, the high level of heterozygosity of the parents, the low multiplication rate of tubers, and the genotype-by-environment interactions impose severe challenges on tetraploid potato-breeding programs. The initial stages of selection take place in experiments with low selection accuracy for many of the quantitative traits of interest, for example, tuber yield. The goal of this study was to investigate the contribution of incorporating a family effect in the estimation of the total genotypic effect and selection of clones in the initial stage of a potato-breeding program. The evaluation included single trials (STs) and multi-environment trials (METs). A total of 1,280 clones from 67 full-sib families from the potato-breeding program at Universidade Federal de Lavras were evaluated for the traits total tuber yield and specific gravity. These clones were distributed in six evaluated trials that varied according to the heat stress level: without heat stress, moderate heat stress, and high heat stress. To verify the importance of the family effect, models with and without the family effect were compared for the analysis of ST and MET data for both traits. The models that included the family effect were better adjusted in the ST and MET data analyses for both traits, except when the family effect was not significant. Furthermore, the inclusion of the family effect increased the selective efficiency of clones in both ST and MET analyses via an increase in the accuracy of the total genotypic value. These same models also allowed the prediction of clone effects more realistically, as the variance components associated with family and clone effects within a family were not confounded. Thus, clonal selection based on the total genotypic value, combining the effects of family and clones within a family, proved to be a good alternative for potato-breeding programs that can accommodate the logistic and data tracking required in the breeding program.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Marcio Lisboa Guedes
- Rede Interuniversitária para o Desenvolvimento do Setor Sucroenergético (RIDESA), Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | | | - Leo Jr Hoffmann
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Lincoln Zotarelli
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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11
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Wang H, Li J, Liu H, Chen S, Zaman QU, Rehman M, El-Kahtany K, Fahad S, Deng G, Yang J. Variability in morpho-biochemical, photosynthetic pigmentation, enzymatic and quality attributes of potato for salinity stress tolerance. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 203:108036. [PMID: 37738866 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Salt stress has emerged as a growing global concern, exerting a significant impact on agricultural productivity. The challenges of salt stress on potatoes are crucial for ensuring food security and sustainable agriculture. To address this issue a pot trial was executed to evaluate the impacts of NaCl in the soil on the growth, photosynthetic pigments, and quality attributes of potato, plants were grown in soil spiked with various concentrations of NaCl (0, 1, 3, 5, 7 g kg-1 of soil). Results revealed that salt stress have negative impacts on the growth, biomass, photosynthesis and quality attributes of potato. Lower level of salt stress 1 g kg-1 of soil improved the fresh and dry biomass of leaves (78.70 and 47.74%) and tubers (86.04 and 88.92%) as compared to control, respectively. Higher levels of salt stress (7 g kg-1) increased lipid peroxidation in leaves and improved the enzymatic antioxidants. It was observed that enzyme activities i.e., SOD (134.97%), POD (101.02%), and CAT (28.87%) increased in leaves and are inversely related to the NaCl concentration. The combination of reduction in chlorophyll contents and soluble sugars resulted in lower levels of quality attributes i.e., amylose (68.90%) and amylopectin (16.70%) of potato. Linear relationship in growth, biomass and physiological attributes showed the strong association with increased salt stress. Furthermore, the PCA-heatmap synergy offers identifying clusters of co-regulated attributes, which pinpoint the physiological responses that exhibit the strongest correlation with increasing salt stress levels. Findings indicate that potato can be grown successfully with (1 g kg-1 of NaCl in soil) without negative impacts on plant quality. Furthermore, this study contributes valuable insights into the complexities of salt stress on potato plants and provides a foundation for developing strategies to enhance their resilience in salt-affected environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyang Wang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Potato Biology, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Junhua Li
- School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650504, China
| | - Hao Liu
- School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650504, China
| | - Shengnan Chen
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Potato Biology, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Qamar Uz Zaman
- Department of Environmental Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Muzammal Rehman
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-environment and Agric-products Safety, Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Breeding, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Khaled El-Kahtany
- Geology and Geophysics Department, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shah Fahad
- Geology and Geophysics Department, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia; Department of Agronomy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 23200, Pakistan.
| | - Gang Deng
- School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650504, China.
| | - Jing Yang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Potato Biology, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China.
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12
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Kitavi M, Gemenet DC, Wood JC, Hamilton JP, Wu S, Fei Z, Khan A, Buell CR. Identification of genes associated with abiotic stress tolerance in sweetpotato using weighted gene co-expression network analysis. PLANT DIRECT 2023; 7:e532. [PMID: 37794882 PMCID: PMC10546384 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Sweetpotato, Ipomoea batatas (L.), a key food security crop, is negatively impacted by heat, drought, and salinity stress. The orange-fleshed sweetpotato cultivar "Beauregard" was exposed to heat, salt, and drought treatments for 24 and 48 h to identify genes responding to each stress condition in leaves. Analysis revealed both common (35 up regulated, 259 down regulated genes in the three stress conditions) and unique sets of up regulated (1337 genes by drought, 516 genes by heat, and 97 genes by salt stress) and down regulated (2445 genes by drought, 678 genes by heat, and 204 genes by salt stress) differentially expressed genes (DEGs) suggesting common, yet stress-specific transcriptional responses to these three abiotic stressors. Gene Ontology analysis of down regulated DEGs common to both heat and salt stress revealed enrichment of terms associated with "cell population proliferation" suggestive of an impact on the cell cycle by the two stress conditions. To identify shared and unique gene co-expression networks under multiple abiotic stress conditions, weighted gene co-expression network analysis was performed using gene expression profiles from heat, salt, and drought stress treated 'Beauregard' leaves yielding 18 co-expression modules. One module was enriched for "response to water deprivation," "response to abscisic acid," and "nitrate transport" indicating synergetic crosstalk between nitrogen, water, and phytohormones with genes encoding osmotin, cell expansion, and cell wall modification proteins present as key hub genes in this drought-associated module. This research lays the groundwork for exploring to a further degree, mechanisms for abiotic stress tolerance in sweetpotato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercy Kitavi
- Research Technology Support Facility (RTSF)Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMichiganUSA
- Center for Applied Genetic TechnologiesUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUSA
| | - Dorcus C. Gemenet
- International Potato CenterLimaPeru
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), ICRAF HouseNairobiKenya
| | - Joshua C. Wood
- Center for Applied Genetic TechnologiesUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUSA
| | - John P. Hamilton
- Center for Applied Genetic TechnologiesUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUSA
- Department of Crop & Soil SciencesUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUSA
| | - Shan Wu
- Boyce Thompson InstituteCornell UniversityIthacaNew YorkUSA
| | - Zhangjun Fei
- Boyce Thompson InstituteCornell UniversityIthacaNew YorkUSA
| | - Awais Khan
- International Potato CenterLimaPeru
- Present address:
Plant Pathology and Plant‐Microbe Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant ScienceCornell UniversityGenevaNew YorkUSA
| | - C. Robin Buell
- Center for Applied Genetic TechnologiesUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUSA
- Department of Crop & Soil SciencesUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUSA
- Institute of Plant Breeding, Genetics, & GenomicsUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUSA
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13
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Chiab N, Kammoun M, Nouri-Ellouz O, Gargouri-Bouzid R. New potential roles of StDREB1 and VvWRKY2 transcription factors in potato dormancy and sprouting patterns. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 289:154077. [PMID: 37683547 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2023.154077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
In a previous study, transgenic potato plants overexpressing the StDREB1 or the VvWRKY2 transcription factor (TF) proved to have higher productivity and ameliorated tuber quality in comparison to wildtype (WT; the BF15 variety) plants. Interestingly, when stored at 4 °C, we noticed that the tubers of transgenic potato plants exhibited a delay in sprouting, hence a longer dormancy period. Therefore, we decided to study the dormancy and sprouting of these tubers (the two transgenic and the WT lines) through a physiological and biochemical characterization. WT and genetically modified (GM) tubers were stored at 4 °C for different periods (0, 30, 90, 180, and 240 days) followed by placing them in a germination chamber and the sprouting parameters were then monitored. According to our findings, the overexpression of these two TFs led to modifications in the sprouting kinetic of tubers through an extension of the dormancy period and changes in the sprouting process. Indeed, WT tubers emitted apical and lateral sprouts while those from GM plants showed mainly apical sprouts. In addition, higher reactive oxygen species (ROS) rates, indicators of tuber aging, were recorded in WT tubers compared to GM ones. The higher antioxidant enzyme activities in GM tubers seem to be responsible for aging modification in comparison to WT. The above results suggest the first report on new roles of the StDREB1 and VvWRKY2 TF which seemed to be involved in the regulation of potato tuber aging via a reduction of the main biochemical factors concentration and the ROS content leading to a longer dormancy period and a modified sprouting pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nour Chiab
- Plant amelioration and Agri-resources valorization laboratory, National Engineering School of Sfax (ENIS), Soukra Road Km 4, 3038, Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Mariem Kammoun
- Plant amelioration and Agri-resources valorization laboratory, National Engineering School of Sfax (ENIS), Soukra Road Km 4, 3038, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Oumèma Nouri-Ellouz
- Plant amelioration and Agri-resources valorization laboratory, National Engineering School of Sfax (ENIS), Soukra Road Km 4, 3038, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Radhia Gargouri-Bouzid
- Plant amelioration and Agri-resources valorization laboratory, National Engineering School of Sfax (ENIS), Soukra Road Km 4, 3038, Sfax, Tunisia
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14
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Tang X, Sun F, Zhang N, Rana BB, Kharel R, Luo P, Si H. RNA-seq provides insights into potato deubiquitinase responses to drought stress in seedling stage. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1268448. [PMID: 37780518 PMCID: PMC10539648 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1268448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Ubiquitination is a specific protein degradation and reversible post-translational modification process that can be reversed by deubiquitinase (DUBs). DUBs can hydrolyze and release ubiquitin in the substrate protein so that the substrate can avoid degradation or change its activity, and it has an impact on plant growth and development, cell cycle, abiotic stress response, and other biological processes. Transcript sequences of potato varieties "DM1-3", "Atlantic" and "Cooperation-88" downloaded from Potato Genome Resources were used for genome-wide identification of the DUB gene family using Hidden Markov Models and verified in the NCBI CD-Search tool. The characteristics of DUB genes from different potato varieties were analyzed including subcellular localization, gene structural motifs, phylogenetic tree, and sequence homology. Polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG6000) induced drought stress transcriptome analysis was performed on the "Atlantic", and differentially expressed genes were screened, with emphasis on the characterization of deubiquitinase. DUB genes have a complex gene structure, often with a large number of exons and alternative splicing. Their promoters contain abundant abiotic stress-responsive elements, such as 425 MYC, 325 ABRE, and 320 MYB. There are also a large number of orthologous genes in the DUBs of the three potato varieties, and these genes are often clustered in similar regions on the genome. We performed transcriptome sequencing of the potato under PEG-induced drought stress and analyzed it for the first time using the Atlantic as a reference genome. We identified a total of 6067 down-regulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 4950 up-regulated DEGs under PEG-induced drought stress. We screened the expression of DUBs and observed that 120 DUBs were up-regulated where most of them functioned in the nucleus, and the interacting proteins of DUBs were also localized in the nucleus. We have comprehensively identified and analyzed potato DUBs, and the accurately aligned transcriptome data which will further deepen the understanding of DUBs involved in the regulation of osmotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Fujun Sun
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Birendra Bahadur Rana
- Nepal Agricultural Research Council, National Potato Research Program, Lalitpur, Nepal
| | - Raju Kharel
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Agricultural and Forestry University, Chitwan, Nepal
| | - Pan Luo
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Huaijun Si
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
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15
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Deng Z, Yang Z, Liu X, Dai X, Zhang J, Deng K. Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of C3H Zinc Finger Family in Potato ( Solanum tuberosum L.). Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12888. [PMID: 37629069 PMCID: PMC10454627 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcription factors containing a CCCH structure (C3H) play important roles in plant growth and development, and their stress response, but research on the C3H gene family in potato has not been reported yet. In this study, we used bioinformatics to identify 50 C3H genes in potato and named them StC3H-1 to StC3H-50 according to their location on chromosomes, and we analyzed their physical and chemical properties, chromosome location, phylogenetic relationship, gene structure, collinearity relationship, and cis-regulatory element. The gene expression pattern analysis showed that many StC3H genes are involved in potato growth and development, and their response to diverse environmental stresses. Furthermore, RT-qPCR data showed that the expression of many StC3H genes was induced by high temperatures, indicating that StC3H genes may play important roles in potato response to heat stress. In addition, Some StC3H genes were predominantly expressed in the stolon and developing tubers, suggesting that these StC3H genes may be involved in the regulation of tuber development. Together, these results provide new information on StC3H genes and will be helpful for further revealing the function of StC3H genes in the heat stress response and tuber development in potato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyi Deng
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Z.D.); (Z.Y.); (X.L.); (X.D.); (J.Z.)
| | - Zhijiang Yang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Z.D.); (Z.Y.); (X.L.); (X.D.); (J.Z.)
| | - Xinyan Liu
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Z.D.); (Z.Y.); (X.L.); (X.D.); (J.Z.)
| | - Xiumei Dai
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Z.D.); (Z.Y.); (X.L.); (X.D.); (J.Z.)
- Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jiankui Zhang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Z.D.); (Z.Y.); (X.L.); (X.D.); (J.Z.)
- Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Kexuan Deng
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Z.D.); (Z.Y.); (X.L.); (X.D.); (J.Z.)
- Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China
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16
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Yu Q, Xiong Y, Su X, Xiong Y, Dong Z, Zhao J, Shu X, Bai S, Lei X, Yan L, Ma X. Integrating Full-Length Transcriptome and RNA Sequencing of Siberian Wildrye ( Elymus sibiricus) to Reveal Molecular Mechanisms in Response to Drought Stress. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2719. [PMID: 37514333 PMCID: PMC10385362 DOI: 10.3390/plants12142719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Drought is one of the most significant limiting factors affecting plant growth and development on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP). Mining the drought-tolerant genes of the endemic perennial grass of the QTP, Siberian wildrye (Elymus sibiricus), is of great significance to creating new drought-resistant varieties which can be used in the development of grassland livestock and restoring natural grassland projects in the QTP. To investigate the transcriptomic responsiveness of E. sibiricus to drought stress, PEG-induced short- and long-term drought stress was applied to two Siberian wildrye genotypes (drought-tolerant and drought-sensitive accessions), followed by third- and second-generation transcriptome sequencing analysis. A total of 40,708 isoforms were detected, of which 10,659 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were common to both genotypes. There were 2107 and 2498 unique DEGs in the drought-tolerant and drought-sensitive genotypes, respectively. Additionally, 2798 and 1850 DEGs were identified in the drought-tolerant genotype only under short- and long-term conditions, respectively. DEGs numbering 1641 and 1330 were identified in the drought-sensitive genotype only under short- and long-term conditions, respectively. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis revealed that all the DEGs responding to drought stress in E. sibiricus were mainly associated with the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAKP) signaling pathway, plant hormone signal transduction, the linoleic acid metabolism pathway, the ribosome pathway, and plant circadian rhythms. In addition, Nitrate transporter 1/Peptide transporter family protein 3.1 (NPF3.1) and Auxin/Indole-3-Acetic Acid (Aux/IAA) family protein 31(IAA31) also played an important role in helping E. sibiricus resist drought. This study used transcriptomics to investigate how E. sibiricus responds to drought stress, and may provide genetic resources and references for research into the molecular mechanisms of drought resistance in native perennial grasses and for breeding drought-tolerant varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Yu
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Sichuan Academy of Grassland Science, Chengdu 610097, China
| | - Yi Xiong
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xiaoli Su
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yanli Xiong
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Zhixiao Dong
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Junming Zhao
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xin Shu
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Shiqie Bai
- Sichuan Academy of Grassland Science, Chengdu 610097, China
| | - Xiong Lei
- Sichuan Academy of Grassland Science, Chengdu 610097, China
| | - Lijun Yan
- Sichuan Academy of Grassland Science, Chengdu 610097, China
| | - Xiao Ma
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
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17
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Liang L, Guo L, Zhai Y, Hou Z, Wu W, Zhang X, Wu Y, Liu X, Guo S, Gao G, Liu W. Genome-wide characterization of SOS1 gene family in potato ( Solanum tuberosum) and expression analyses under salt and hormone stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1201730. [PMID: 37457336 PMCID: PMC10347410 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1201730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Salt Overly Sensitive 1 (SOS1) is one of the members of the Salt Overly Sensitive (SOS) signaling pathway and plays critical salt tolerance determinant in plants, while the characterization of the SOS1 family in potato (Solanum tuberosum) is lacking. In this study, 37 StSOS1s were identified and found to be unevenly distributed across 10 chromosomes, with most of them located on the plasma membrane. Promoter analysis revealed that the majority of these StSOS1 genes contain abundant cis-elements involved in various abiotic stress responses. Tissue specific expression showed that 21 of the 37 StSOS1s were widely expressed in various tissues or organs of the potato. Molecular interaction network analysis suggests that 25 StSOS1s may interact with other proteins involved in potassium ion transmembrane transport, response to salt stress, and cellular processes. In addition, collinearity analysis showed that 17, 8, 1 and 5 of orthologous StSOS1 genes were paired with those in tomato, pepper, tobacco, and Arabidopsis, respectively. Furthermore, RT-qPCR results revealed that the expression of StSOS1s were significant modulated by various abiotic stresses, in particular salt and abscisic acid stress. Furthermore, subcellular localization in Nicotiana benthamiana suggested that StSOS1-13 was located on the plasma membrane. These results extend the comprehensive overview of the StSOS1 gene family and set the stage for further analysis of the function of genes in SOS and hormone signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Gang Gao
- *Correspondence: Gang Gao, ; Weizhong Liu,
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18
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Jing Q, Chen A, Lv Z, Dong Z, Wang L, Meng X, Feng Y, Wan Y, Su C, Cui Y, Xu W, Hou H, Zhu X. Systematic Analysis of Galactinol Synthase and Raffinose Synthase Gene Families in Potato and Their Expression Patterns in Development and Abiotic Stress Responses. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1344. [PMID: 37510251 PMCID: PMC10379439 DOI: 10.3390/genes14071344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs) are very important for plant growth, development, and abiotic stress tolerance. Galactinol synthase (GolS) and raffinose synthase (RFS) are critical enzymes involved in RFO biosynthesis. However, the whole-genome identification and stress responses of their coding genes in potato remain unexplored. In this study, four StGolS and nine StRFS genes were identified and classified into three and five subgroups, respectively. Remarkably, a total of two StGolS and four StRFS genes in potato were identified to form collinear pairs with those in both Arabidopsis and tomato, respectively. Subsequent analysis revealed that StGolS4 exhibited significantly high expression levels in transport-related tissues, PEG-6000, and ABA treatments, with remarkable upregulation under salt stress. Additionally, StRFS5 showed similar responses to StGolS4, but StRFS4 and StRFS8 gene expression increased significantly under salt treatment and decreased in PEG-6000 and ABA treatments. Overall, these results lay a foundation for further research on the functional characteristics and molecular mechanisms of these two gene families in response to ABA, salt, and drought stresses, and provide a theoretical foundation and new gene resources for the abiotic-stress-tolerant breeding of potato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quankai Jing
- School of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230000, China
| | - Airu Chen
- School of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230000, China
| | - Zhaoyan Lv
- School of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230000, China
| | - Zhihao Dong
- School of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230000, China
| | - Lixia Wang
- School of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230000, China
| | - Xiaoke Meng
- School of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230000, China
| | - Yue Feng
- School of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230000, China
| | - Yu Wan
- School of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230000, China
| | - Chengyun Su
- School of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230000, China
| | - Yanjie Cui
- School of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230000, China
| | - Wenjuan Xu
- School of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230000, China
| | - Hualan Hou
- School of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230000, China
| | - Xiaobiao Zhu
- School of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230000, China
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19
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Kopecká R, Kameniarová M, Černý M, Brzobohatý B, Novák J. Abiotic Stress in Crop Production. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076603. [PMID: 37047573 PMCID: PMC10095105 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The vast majority of agricultural land undergoes abiotic stress that can significantly reduce agricultural yields. Understanding the mechanisms of plant defenses against stresses and putting this knowledge into practice is, therefore, an integral part of sustainable agriculture. In this review, we focus on current findings in plant resistance to four cardinal abiotic stressors—drought, heat, salinity, and low temperatures. Apart from the description of the newly discovered mechanisms of signaling and resistance to abiotic stress, this review also focuses on the importance of primary and secondary metabolites, including carbohydrates, amino acids, phenolics, and phytohormones. A meta-analysis of transcriptomic studies concerning the model plant Arabidopsis demonstrates the long-observed phenomenon that abiotic stressors induce different signals and effects at the level of gene expression, but genes whose regulation is similar under most stressors can still be traced. The analysis further reveals the transcriptional modulation of Golgi-targeted proteins in response to heat stress. Our analysis also highlights several genes that are similarly regulated under all stress conditions. These genes support the central role of phytohormones in the abiotic stress response, and the importance of some of these in plant resistance has not yet been studied. Finally, this review provides information about the response to abiotic stress in major European crop plants—wheat, sugar beet, maize, potatoes, barley, sunflowers, grapes, rapeseed, tomatoes, and apples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romana Kopecká
- Department of Molecular Biology and Radiobiology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, 61300 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Kameniarová
- Department of Molecular Biology and Radiobiology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, 61300 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Černý
- Department of Molecular Biology and Radiobiology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, 61300 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Břetislav Brzobohatý
- Department of Molecular Biology and Radiobiology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, 61300 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Novák
- Department of Molecular Biology and Radiobiology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, 61300 Brno, Czech Republic
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Tong C, Ma Z, Chen H, Gao H. Toward an understanding of potato starch structure, function, biosynthesis, and applications. FOOD FRONTIERS 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/fft2.223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
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21
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Analysis of Genome Structure and Its Variations in Potato Cultivars Grown in Russia. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065713. [PMID: 36982787 PMCID: PMC10059000 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Solanum tuberosum L. (common potato) is one of the most important crops produced almost all over the world. Genomic sequences of potato opens the way for studying the molecular variations related to diversification. We performed a reconstruction of genomic sequences for 15 tetraploid potato cultivars grown in Russia using short reads. Protein-coding genes were identified; conserved and variable parts of pan-genome and the repertoire of the NBS-LRR genes were characterized. For comparison, we used additional genomic sequences for twelve South American potato accessions, performed analysis of genetic diversity, and identified the copy number variations (CNVs) in two these groups of potato. Genomes of Russian potato cultivars were more homogeneous by CNV characteristics and have smaller maximum deletion size in comparison with South American ones. Genes with different CNV occurrences in two these groups of potato accessions were identified. We revealed genes of immune/abiotic stress response, transport and five genes related to tuberization and photoperiod control among them. Four genes related to tuberization and photoperiod were investigated in potatoes previously (phytochrome A among them). A novel gene, homologous to the poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG) of Arabidopsis, was identified that may be involved in circadian rhythm control and contribute to the acclimatization processes of Russian potato cultivars.
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Faist H, Trognitz F, Antonielli L, Symanczik S, White PJ, Sessitsch A. Potato root-associated microbiomes adapt to combined water and nutrient limitation and have a plant genotype-specific role for plant stress mitigation. ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOME 2023; 18:18. [PMID: 36918963 PMCID: PMC10012461 DOI: 10.1186/s40793-023-00469-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to climate change and reduced use of fertilizers combined stress scenarios are becoming increasingly frequent in crop production. In a field experiment we tested the effect of combined water and phosphorus limitation on the growth performance and plant traits of eight tetraploid and two diploid potato varieties as well as on root-associated microbiome diversity and functional potential. Microbiome and metagenome analysis targeted the diversity and potential functions of prokaryotes, fungi, plasmids, and bacteriophages and was linked to plant traits like tuber yield or timing of canopy closure. RESULTS The different potato genotypes responded differently to the combined stress and hosted distinct microbiota in the rhizosphere and the root endosphere. Proximity to the root, stress and potato genotype had significant effects on bacteria, whereas fungi were only mildly affected. To address the involvement of microbial functions, we investigated well and poorly performing potato genotypes (Stirling and Desirée, respectively) under stress conditions and executed a metagenome analysis of rhizosphere microbiomes subjected to stress and no stress conditions. Functions like ROS detoxification, aromatic amino acid and terpene metabolism were enriched and in synchrony with the metabolism of stressed plants. In Desirée, Pseudonocardiales had the genetic potential to take up assimilates produced in the fast-growing canopy and to reduce plant stress-sensing by degrading ethylene, but overall yield losses were high. In Stirling, Xanthomonadales had the genetic potential to reduce oxidative stress and to produce biofilms, potentially around roots. Biofilm formation could be involved in drought resilience and nutrient accessibility of Stirling and explain the recorded low yield losses. In the rhizosphere exposed to combined stress, the relative abundance of plasmids was reduced, and the diversity of phages was enriched. Moreover, mobile elements like plasmids and phages were affected by combined stresses in a genotype-specific manner. CONCLUSION Our study gives new insights into the interconnectedness of root-associated microbiota and plant stress responses in the field. Functional genes in the metagenome, phylogenetic composition and mobile elements play a role in potato stress adaption. In a poor and a well performing potato genotype grown under stress conditions, distinct functional genes pinpoint to a distinct stress sensing, water availability and compounds in the rhizospheres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Faist
- Bioresources Unit, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology, Konrad-Lorenz-Straße 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Friederike Trognitz
- Bioresources Unit, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology, Konrad-Lorenz-Straße 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Livio Antonielli
- Bioresources Unit, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology, Konrad-Lorenz-Straße 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Sarah Symanczik
- Soil Science Department, Research Institute of Organic Agriculture (FiBL), Ackerstraße 113, 5070 Frick, Switzerland
| | | | - Angela Sessitsch
- Bioresources Unit, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology, Konrad-Lorenz-Straße 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria
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Carrillo L, Baroja-Fernández E, Renau-Morata B, Muñoz FJ, Canales J, Ciordia S, Yang L, Sánchez-López ÁM, Nebauer SG, Ceballos MG, Vicente-Carbajosa J, Molina RV, Pozueta-Romero J, Medina J. Ectopic expression of the AtCDF1 transcription factor in potato enhances tuber starch and amino acid contents and yield under open field conditions. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1010669. [PMID: 36937996 PMCID: PMC10014720 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1010669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cycling Dof transcription factors (CDFs) have been involved in different aspects of plant growth and development. In Arabidopsis and tomato, one member of this family (CDF1) has recently been associated with the regulation of primary metabolism and abiotic stress responses, but their roles in crop production under open field conditions remain unknown. METHODS In this study, we compared the growth, and tuber yield and composition of plants ectopically expressing the CDF1 gene from Arabidopsis under the control of the 35S promoter with wild-type (WT) potato plants cultured in growth chamber and open field conditions. RESULTS In growth chambers, the 35S::AtCDF1 plants showed a greater tuber yield than the WT by increasing the biomass partition for tuber development. Under field conditions, the ectopic expression of CDF1 also promoted the sink strength of the tubers, since 35S::AtCDF1 plants exhibited significant increases in tuber size and weight resulting in higher tuber yield. A metabolomic analysis revealed that tubers of 35S::AtCDF1 plants cultured under open field conditions accumulated higher levels of glucose, starch and amino acids than WT tubers. A comparative proteomic analysis of tubers of 35S::AtCDF1 and WT plants cultured under open field conditions revealed that these changes can be accounted for changes in the expression of proteins involved in energy production and different aspects of C and N metabolism. DISCUSSION The results from this study advance our collective understanding of the role of CDFs and are of great interest for the purposes of improving the yield and breeding of crop plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Carrillo
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP) UPM-INIA/CSIC, Campus de Montegancedo, Madrid, Spain
| | - Edurne Baroja-Fernández
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra, Mutiloabeti, Nafarroa, Spain
| | - Begoña Renau-Morata
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal, Universitat de València. Vicent Andrés Estellés, Burjassot, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Muñoz
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra, Mutiloabeti, Nafarroa, Spain
| | - Javier Canales
- Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
- ANID–Millennium Science Initiative Program, Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology (iBio), Santiago, Chile
| | - Sergio Ciordia
- Unidad Proteomica (CNB), Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lu Yang
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP) UPM-INIA/CSIC, Campus de Montegancedo, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Sergio G. Nebauer
- Departamento de Producción Vegetal, Universitat Politècnica de València., València, Spain
| | - Mar G. Ceballos
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP) UPM-INIA/CSIC, Campus de Montegancedo, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Vicente-Carbajosa
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP) UPM-INIA/CSIC, Campus de Montegancedo, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa V. Molina
- Departamento de Producción Vegetal, Universitat Politècnica de València., València, Spain
| | - Javier Pozueta-Romero
- Institute for Mediterranean and Subtropical Horticulture “La Mayora” (IHSM), CSIC-UMA, Málaga, Spain
| | - Joaquín Medina
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP) UPM-INIA/CSIC, Campus de Montegancedo, Madrid, Spain
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Goławska S, Łukasik I, Chojnacki AA, Chrzanowski G. Flavonoids and Phenolic Acids Content in Cultivation and Wild Collection of European Cranberry Bush Viburnum opulus L. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28052285. [PMID: 36903530 PMCID: PMC10005456 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Guelder rose (Viburnum opulus L.) is known for its health benefits. V. opulus contains phenolic compounds (flavonoids and phenolic acids), a group of plant metabolites with wide biological activities. They are good sources of natural antioxidants in human diets owing to their prevention of the oxidative damage responsible for many diseases. In recent years, observations have shown that an increase in temperature can change the quality of plant tissues. So far, little research has addressed the problem of the common impact of temperature and place of occurrence. Towards a better understanding of phenolics concentration that could indicate their potentials as therapeutic agents and towards predicting and controlling the quality of medicinal plants, the aim of this study was to compare phenolic acids and flavonoids content in the leaves of cultivation and wild collection V. opulus, and to examine the impacts of temperature and place of occurrence on their content and composition. Total phenolics were determined using the spectrophotometric method. Phenolic composition of V. opulus was determined using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The following hydroxybenzoic acids there were identified: gallic, p-hydroxybenzoic, syringic, salicylic, benzoic, as well as hydroxycinnamic acids: chlorogenic, caffeic, p-coumaric, ferulic, o-coumaric and t-cinnamic. The analysis of extracts from V. opulus leaves has indicated the presence of the following flavonoids: flavanols: (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin; flavonols: quercetin, rutin, kaempferol, myricetin; and flavones: luteolin, apigenin and chrysin. The dominant phenolic acids were p-coumaric and gallic acids. The major flavonoids found in V. opulus leaves were myricetin and kaempferol. Temperature and plant location affected the concentration of tested phenolic compounds. The present study shows the potential of naturally grown and wild V. opulus for the human.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Goławska
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Prusa 14, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Iwona Łukasik
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Prusa 14, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland
| | - Adrian Arkadiusz Chojnacki
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Prusa 14, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Chrzanowski
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Rzeszow, 8B Zelwerowicza Street, 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland
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Wellpott K, Jozefowicz AM, Meise P, Schum A, Seddig S, Mock HP, Winkelmann T, Bündig C. Combined nitrogen and drought stress leads to overlapping and unique proteomic responses in potato. PLANTA 2023; 257:58. [PMID: 36795167 PMCID: PMC9935667 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-023-04085-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen deficient and drought-tolerant or sensitive potatoes differ in proteomic responses under combined (NWD) and individual stresses. The sensitive genotype 'Kiebitz' exhibits a higher abundance of proteases under NWD. Abiotic stresses such as N deficiency and drought affect the yield of Solanum tuberosum L. tremendously. Therefore, it is of importance to improve potato genotypes in terms of stress tolerance. In this study, we identified differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) in four starch potato genotypes under N deficiency (ND), drought stress (WD), or combined stress (NWD) in two rain-out shelter experiments. The gel-free LC-MS analysis generated a set of 1177 identified and quantified proteins. The incidence of common DAPs in tolerant and sensitive genotypes under NWD indicates general responses to this stress combination. Most of these proteins were part of the amino acid metabolism (13.9%). Three isoforms of S-adenosyl methionine synthase (SAMS) were found to be lower abundant in all genotypes. As SAMS were found upon application of single stresses as well, these proteins appear to be part of the general stress response in potato. Interestingly, the sensitive genotype 'Kiebitz' showed a higher abundance of three proteases (subtilase, carboxypeptidase, subtilase family protein) and a lower abundance of a protease inhibitor (stigma expressed protein) under NWD stress compared to control plants. The comparably tolerant genotype 'Tomba', however, displayed lower abundances of proteases. This indicates a better coping strategy for the tolerant genotype and a quicker reaction to WD when previously stressed with ND.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Wellpott
- Department of Woody Plant and Propagation Physiology, Institute of Horticultural Production Systems, Leibniz University Hannover, Herrenhäuser Straße 2, 30419, Hannover, Germany
| | - Anna M Jozefowicz
- Applied Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), OT Gatersleben, Corrensstr. 3, 06466, Seeland, Germany
| | - Philipp Meise
- Institute for Resistance Research and Stress Tolerance, Julius-Kühn-Institute (JKI), Bundesforschungsinstitut Für Kulturpflanzen, Rudolf-Schick-Platz 3a, 18190, Sanitz, Germany
| | - Annegret Schum
- Institute for Resistance Research and Stress Tolerance, Julius-Kühn-Institute (JKI), Bundesforschungsinstitut Für Kulturpflanzen, Rudolf-Schick-Platz 3a, 18190, Sanitz, Germany
| | - Sylvia Seddig
- Institute for Resistance Research and Stress Tolerance, Julius-Kühn-Institute (JKI), Bundesforschungsinstitut Für Kulturpflanzen, Rudolf-Schick-Platz 3a, 18190, Sanitz, Germany
| | - Hans-Peter Mock
- Applied Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), OT Gatersleben, Corrensstr. 3, 06466, Seeland, Germany
- Universidad de Costa Rica, CIGRAS, 11501-2060, San Pedro, Costa Rica
| | - Traud Winkelmann
- Department of Woody Plant and Propagation Physiology, Institute of Horticultural Production Systems, Leibniz University Hannover, Herrenhäuser Straße 2, 30419, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christin Bündig
- Department of Woody Plant and Propagation Physiology, Institute of Horticultural Production Systems, Leibniz University Hannover, Herrenhäuser Straße 2, 30419, Hannover, Germany.
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Alvarez-Morezuelas A, Barandalla L, Ritter E, Ruiz de Galarreta JI. Genome-Wide Association Study of Agronomic and Physiological Traits Related to Drought Tolerance in Potato. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:734. [PMID: 36840081 PMCID: PMC9963855 DOI: 10.3390/plants12040734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is often considered a water-sensitive crop and its production can be threatened by drought events, making water stress tolerance a trait of increasing interest. In this study, a panel of 144 tetraploid potato genotypes was evaluated for two consecutive years (2019 and 2020) to observe the variation of several physiological traits such as chlorophyll content and fluorescence, stomatal conductance, NDVI, and leaf area and circumference. In addition, agronomic parameters such as yield, tuber fresh weight, tuber number, starch content, dry matter and reducing sugars were determined. GGP V3 Potato array was used to genotype the population, obtaining a total of 18,259 high-quality SNP markers. Marker-trait association was performed using GWASpoly package in R software and Q + K linear mixed models were considered. This approach allowed us to identify eighteen SNP markers significantly associated with the studied traits in both treatments and years, which were related to genes with known functions. Markers related to chlorophyll content and number of tubers under control and stress conditions, and related to stomatal conductance, NDVI, yield and reducing sugar content under water stress, were identified. Although these markers were distributed throughout the genome, the SNPs associated with the traits under control conditions were found mainly on chromosome 11, while under stress conditions they were detected on chromosome 4. These results contribute to the knowledge of the mechanisms of potato tolerance to water stress and are useful for future marker-assisted selection programs.
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Lazarević B, Carović-Stanko K, Safner T, Poljak M. Study of High-Temperature-Induced Morphological and Physiological Changes in Potato Using Nondestructive Plant Phenotyping. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:3534. [PMID: 36559644 PMCID: PMC9783218 DOI: 10.3390/plants11243534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is vulnerable to high temperatures, which are expected to increase in frequency and duration due to climate change. Nondestructive phenotyping techniques represent a promising technology for helping the adaptation of agriculture to climate change. In this study, three potato cultivars (Agria, Bellarosa and Desiree) were grown under four temperature treatments: 20/15 °C (T1), 25/20 °C (T2), 30/25 °C (T3), and 35/30 °C (T4). Multispectral and chlorophyll fluorescence imaging, 3D multispectral scanning, and gas exchange analysis were used to study the effect of moderate heat stress on potato morphology and physiology and select phenotypic traits most responsive to increased temperatures. The most responsive morphological traits to increased temperatures are related to decreased leaf area, which were detected already at T2. Increased temperatures (already T2) also changed leaf spectral characteristics, indicated by increased red, green, and blue reflectance and decreased far-red reflectance and anthocyanin index (ARI). Regarding chlorophyll fluorescence, increasing temperatures (T2) caused an increase in minimal fluorescence of both dark-adapted (F0) and light-adapted (F0') plants. Stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, photosynthetic rate, instantaneous water use efficiency (WUE), and intrinsic water use efficiency increased from T1 to T3 and decreased again in T4. Using recursive partitioning analysis, the most responsive potato phenotypic traits to increased temperature were leaf area projected (LAP), ARI, F0, and WUE. These traits could be considered marker traits for further studying potato responses to increased temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris Lazarević
- Department of Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Centre of Excellence for Biodiversity and Molecular Plant Breeding (CroP-BioDiv), 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Klaudija Carović-Stanko
- Centre of Excellence for Biodiversity and Molecular Plant Breeding (CroP-BioDiv), 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Seed Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Toni Safner
- Centre of Excellence for Biodiversity and Molecular Plant Breeding (CroP-BioDiv), 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Plant Breeding, Genetics and Biometrics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Milan Poljak
- Department of Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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He F, Duan S, Jian Y, Xu J, Hu J, Zhang Z, Lin T, Cheng F, Li G. Genome-wide identification and gene expression analysis of the 14-3-3 gene family in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). BMC Genomics 2022; 23:811. [PMID: 36476108 PMCID: PMC9730632 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-09037-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND 14-3-3 proteins are essential in regulating various biological processes and abiotic stress responses in plants. Although 14-3-3 proteins have been studied in model plants such as Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa, there is a lack of research on the 14-3-3 gene family in potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.). RESULTS A total of 18 14-3-3 genes encoding proteins containing a typical conserved PF00244 domain were identified by genome-wide analysis in potatoes. The St14-3-3 gene family members were unevenly distributed across the chromosomes, and gene structure analysis showed that gene length and intron number varied greatly among the members. Phylogenetic analysis of 14-3-3 proteins in potatoes and other plant species showed that they could be divided into two distinct groups (ε and non-ε). Members in the ε group tended to have similar exon-intron structures and conserved motif patterns. Promoter sequence analysis showed that the St14-3-3 gene promoters contained multiple hormone-, stress-, and light-responsive cis-regulatory elements. Synteny analysis suggested that segmental duplication events contributed to the expansion of the St14-3-3 gene family in potatoes. The observed syntenic relationships between some 14-3-3 genes from potato, Arabidopsis, and tomato suggest that they evolved from a common ancestor. RNA-seq data showed that St14-3-3 genes were expressed in all tissues of potatoes but that their expression patterns were different. qRT-PCR assays revealed that the expression levels of nearly all tested St14-3-3 genes were affected by drought, salt, and low-temperature stresses and that different St14-3-3 genes had different responses to these stresses. CONCLUSIONS In summary, genome-wide identification, evolutionary, and expression analyses of the 14-3-3 gene family in potato were conducted. These results provide important information for further studies on the function and regulation of St14-3-3 gene family members in potatoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiyan He
- grid.464357.7Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Tuber and Root Crop, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100081 China
| | - Shaoguang Duan
- grid.464357.7Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Tuber and Root Crop, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100081 China
| | - Yinqiao Jian
- grid.464357.7Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Tuber and Root Crop, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100081 China
| | - Jianfei Xu
- grid.464357.7Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Tuber and Root Crop, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100081 China
| | - Jun Hu
- grid.464357.7Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Tuber and Root Crop, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100081 China
| | - Zhicheng Zhang
- Wulanchabu Academy of Agricultural and Forest Sciences, Wulanchabu, Inner Mongolia, 012000 China
| | - Tuanrong Lin
- Wulanchabu Academy of Agricultural and Forest Sciences, Wulanchabu, Inner Mongolia, 012000 China
| | - Feng Cheng
- grid.464357.7Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Tuber and Root Crop, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100081 China
| | - Guangcun Li
- grid.464357.7Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Tuber and Root Crop, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100081 China
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Transcriptome Analysis of Two Tetraploid Potato Varieties under Water-Stress Conditions. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213905. [PMID: 36430379 PMCID: PMC9694765 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is one of the most important crops worldwide, but due to its sensitivity to drought, its production can be affected by water availability. In this study, the varieties Agria and Zorba were used to determine the expression differences between control and water-stressed plants. For this purpose, they were sequenced by RNAseq, obtaining around 50 million transcripts for each variety and treatment. When comparing the significant transcripts obtained from control and drought-stressed plants of the Agria variety, we detected 931 genes that were upregulated and 2077 genes that were downregulated under stress conditions. When both treatments were compared in Zorba plants, 735 genes were found to be upregulated and 923 genes were found to be downregulated. Significantly more DEGs were found in the Agria variety, indicating a good stress response of this variety. "Abscisic acid and environmental stress-inducible protein TAS14-like" was the most overexpressed gene under drought conditions in both varieties, but expression differences were also found in numerous transcription factors and heat shock proteins. The principal GO term found was "cellular components", more specifically related to the cell membrane and the cell wall, but other metabolic pathways such as carbohydrate metabolism and osmotic adjustment were also identified. These results provide valuable information related to the molecular mechanisms of tolerance to water stress in order to establish the basis for breeding new, more tolerant varieties.
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Yao Z, Rao Z, Hou S, Tian C, Liu CY, Yang X, Zhu G. The appropriate expression and coordination of glycolate oxidase and catalase are vital to the successful construction of the photorespiratory metabolic pathway. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:999757. [PMID: 36388585 PMCID: PMC9647076 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.999757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Photorespiration has emerged as a hotspot in the evolution of photosynthesis owing to the energy loss during the process. To ensure the physiological functions of photorespiration such as light protection, H2O2 signaling, and stress resistance, separate the photorespiration glycolic acid flow, and minimize photorespiration loss, a balance must be maintained during the construction of photorespiratory metabolic branch. In this study, glycolate oxidase (GLO) and catalase (CAT) were introduced into potato (Solanum tuberosum) chloroplasts through the expression of fusion protein. Through the examination of phenotypic characteristics, photosynthesis, anatomical structure, and enzyme activity, the efficiency of the photorespiration pathway was demonstrated. The results showed that certain transgenic lines plants had shorter plant height and deformed leaves and tubers in addition to the favorable photosynthetic phenotypes of thicker leaves and larger and denser mesophyll cells. By Diaminobenzidine (DAB) staining analysis of the leaves, the intermediate H2O2 could not be decomposed in time to cause biomass decline and malformation, and the excessive glycolate shunt formed by the overexpression of the fusion protein affected other important physiological activities. Hence, the appropriate and coordinated expression of glycolate oxidase and catalase is essential for the establishment of photorespiration pathways in chloroplasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Yao
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Zelai Rao
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
- School of Finance and Economics, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
| | - ShuWang Hou
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Changwei Tian
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Chun-Yan Liu
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Xiulan Yang
- Department of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Guicai Zhu
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
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Lal MK, Tiwari RK, Kumar A, Dey A, Kumar R, Kumar D, Jaiswal A, Changan SS, Raigond P, Dutt S, Luthra SK, Mandal S, Singh MP, Paul V, Singh B. Mechanistic Concept of Physiological, Biochemical, and Molecular Responses of the Potato Crop to Heat and Drought Stress. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11212857. [PMID: 36365310 PMCID: PMC9654185 DOI: 10.3390/plants11212857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Most cultivated potatoes are tetraploid, and the tuber is the main economic part that is consumed due to its calorific and nutritional values. Recent trends in climate change led to the frequent occurrence of heat and drought stress in major potato-growing regions worldwide. The optimum temperature for tuber production is 15-20 °C. High-temperature and water-deficient conditions during the growing season result in several morphological, physiological, biochemical, and molecular alterations. The morphological changes under stress conditions may affect the process of stolon formation, tuberization, and bulking, ultimately affecting the tuber yield. This condition also affects the physiological responses, including an imbalance in the allocation of photoassimilates, respiration, water use efficiency, transpiration, carbon partitioning, and the source-sink relationship. The biochemical responses under stress conditions involve maintaining ionic homeostasis, synthesizing heat shock proteins, achieving osmolyte balance, and generating reactive oxygen species, ultimately affecting various biochemical pathways. Different networks that include both gene regulation and transcription factors are involved at the molecular level due to the combination of hot and water-deficient conditions. This article attempts to present an integrative content of physio-biochemical and molecular responses under the combined effects of heat and drought, prominent factors in climate change. Taking into account all of these aspects and responses, there is an immediate need for comprehensive screening of germplasm and the application of appropriate approaches and tactics to produce potato cultivars that perform well under drought and in heat-affected areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milan Kumar Lal
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla 171001, India
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
- Correspondence: (M.K.L.); (R.K.T.); Tel.: +91-9718815448 (M.K.L.)
| | - Rahul Kumar Tiwari
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla 171001, India
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
- Correspondence: (M.K.L.); (R.K.T.); Tel.: +91-9718815448 (M.K.L.)
| | - Awadhesh Kumar
- ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack 753006, India
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata 700073, India
| | - Ravinder Kumar
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla 171001, India
| | | | - Arvind Jaiswal
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute Campus, Jalandhar 144026, India
| | | | - Pinky Raigond
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla 171001, India
| | - Som Dutt
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla 171001, India
| | | | - Sayanti Mandal
- Department of Biotechnology, D. Y. Patil Arts, Commerce and Science College, Sant Tukaram Nagar, Pimpri, Pune 411018, India
| | - Madan Pal Singh
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Vijay Paul
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Brajesh Singh
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla 171001, India
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Jing Q, Hou H, Meng X, Chen A, Wang L, Zhu H, Zheng S, Lv Z, Zhu X. Transcriptome analysis reveals the proline metabolic pathway and its potential regulation TF-hub genes in salt-stressed potato. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1030138. [PMID: 36325562 PMCID: PMC9619106 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1030138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Potato (Solanum tuberosum) is currently the third most important food crop in the world. However, the production of potato is seriously threatened by salt stress, which often occurs in the facility cultivation environment, and the mining of salt tolerance genes in potato remains to be further studied. In this study, test-tube plantlets of DM potato were treated with 200-mM NaCl to simulate salt stress, and 15 cDNA libraries were constructed for RNA-seq analysis. A total of 8383 DEGs were identified, of which 3961 DEGs were shared among all the salt treatments, and 264 (7.15%) TF-coding genes were identified from these shared DEGs. KEGG enrichment analysis showed that most DEGs identified from the "arginine and proline metabolism" (ko00330) were enriched in the proline metabolic pathway, and their functions almost covered the whole proline metabolic process. Further analysis showed that expression levels of all the 13 structural DEGs in the pathway were significantly up-regulated and proline accumulation was also significantly increased under salt stress, and 13 TF-hub genes were discovered by WGCNA in the lightcyan and tan modules which were highly positively correlated with the proline contents. Correlation analysis revealed that the four TF-hub genes of the lightcyan module and seven structural DEGs of the proline metabolic pathway might be the potential candidate genes, especially the potential and novel regulatory gene StGLK014720. Furthermore, the dual-luciferase reporter assay confirmed that the key protein StGLK014720 could activate the promoters of both structural genes StAST021010 and StAST017480. In conclusion, these results lay the foundation for further study on the salt tolerance mechanism of potato, and provide a theoretical basis and new genetic resources for salt tolerance breeding of potato.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Zhaoyan Lv
- *Correspondence: Zhaoyan Lv, ; Xiaobiao Zhu,
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Villalobos-López MA, Arroyo-Becerra A, Quintero-Jiménez A, Iturriaga G. Biotechnological Advances to Improve Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Crops. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:12053. [PMID: 36233352 PMCID: PMC9570234 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231912053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The major challenges that agriculture is facing in the twenty-first century are increasing droughts, water scarcity, flooding, poorer soils, and extreme temperatures due to climate change. However, most crops are not tolerant to extreme climatic environments. The aim in the near future, in a world with hunger and an increasing population, is to breed and/or engineer crops to tolerate abiotic stress with a higher yield. Some crop varieties display a certain degree of tolerance, which has been exploited by plant breeders to develop varieties that thrive under stress conditions. Moreover, a long list of genes involved in abiotic stress tolerance have been identified and characterized by molecular techniques and overexpressed individually in plant transformation experiments. Nevertheless, stress tolerance phenotypes are polygenetic traits, which current genomic tools are dissecting to exploit their use by accelerating genetic introgression using molecular markers or site-directed mutagenesis such as CRISPR-Cas9. In this review, we describe plant mechanisms to sense and tolerate adverse climate conditions and examine and discuss classic and new molecular tools to select and improve abiotic stress tolerance in major crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Angel Villalobos-López
- Laboratorio de Genómica Funcional y Biotecnología de Plantas, Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología Aplicada, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ex-Hacienda San Juan Molino Carretera Estatal Km 1.5, Santa Inés-Tecuexcomac-Tepetitla 90700, Tlaxcala, Mexico
| | - Analilia Arroyo-Becerra
- Laboratorio de Genómica Funcional y Biotecnología de Plantas, Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología Aplicada, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ex-Hacienda San Juan Molino Carretera Estatal Km 1.5, Santa Inés-Tecuexcomac-Tepetitla 90700, Tlaxcala, Mexico
| | - Anareli Quintero-Jiménez
- División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Tecnológico Nacional de México/I.T. Roque, Km. 8 Carretera Celaya-Juventino Rosas, Roque, Celaya 38110, Guanajato, Mexico
| | - Gabriel Iturriaga
- División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Tecnológico Nacional de México/I.T. Roque, Km. 8 Carretera Celaya-Juventino Rosas, Roque, Celaya 38110, Guanajato, Mexico
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Ponce OP, Torres Y, Prashar A, Buell R, Lozano R, Orjeda G, Compton L. Transcriptome profiling shows a rapid variety-specific response in two Andigenum potato varieties under drought stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1003907. [PMID: 36237505 PMCID: PMC9551401 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1003907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Potato is a drought-sensitive crop whose global sustainable production is threatened by alterations in water availability. Whilst ancestral Solanum tuberosum Andigenum landraces retain wild drought tolerance mechanisms, their molecular bases remain poorly understood. In this study, an aeroponic growth system was established to investigate stress responses in leaf and root of two Andigenum varieties with contrasting drought tolerance. Comparative transcriptome analysis revealed widespread differences in the response of the two varieties at early and late time points of exposure to drought stress and in the recovery after rewatering. Major differences in the response of the two varieties occurred at the early time point, suggesting the speed of response is crucial. In the leaves and roots of the tolerant variety, we observed rapid upregulation of ABA-related genes, which did not occur until later in the susceptible variety and indicated not only more effective ABA synthesis and mobilization, but more effective feedback regulation to limit detrimental effects of too much ABA. Roots of both varieties showed differential expression of genes involved in cell wall reinforcement and remodeling to maintain cell wall strength, hydration and growth under drought stress, including genes involved in lignification and wall expansion, though the response was stronger in the tolerant variety. Such changes in leaf and root may help to limit water losses in the tolerant variety, while limiting the reduction in photosynthetic rate. These findings provide insights into molecular bases of drought tolerance mechanisms and pave the way for their reintroduction into modern cultivars with improved resistance to drought stress and yield stability under drought conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yerisf Torres
- Department of Plant Science, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands
- Unidad de genómica, Laboratorios de Investigación y Desarrollo (LID), Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Ankush Prashar
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Robin Buell
- Department of Crop & Soil Sciences, Institute for Plant Breeding, Genetics & Genomics, Center for Applied Genetic Technology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Roberto Lozano
- Unidad de genómica, Laboratorios de Investigación y Desarrollo (LID), Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
- Digital Science and Technology Department, Joyn Bio LLC, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Gisella Orjeda
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru
| | - Lindsey Compton
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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Zinta R, Tiwari JK, Buckseth T, Thakur K, Goutam U, Kumar D, Challam C, Bhatia N, Poonia AK, Naik S, Singh RK, Thakur AK, Dalamu D, Luthra SK, Kumar V, Kumar M. Root system architecture for abiotic stress tolerance in potato: Lessons from plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:926214. [PMID: 36212284 PMCID: PMC9539750 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.926214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The root is an important plant organ, which uptakes nutrients and water from the soil, and provides anchorage for the plant. Abiotic stresses like heat, drought, nutrients, salinity, and cold are the major problems of potato cultivation. Substantial research advances have been achieved in cereals and model plants on root system architecture (RSA), and so root ideotype (e.g., maize) have been developed for efficient nutrient capture to enhance nutrient use efficiency along with genes regulating root architecture in plants. However, limited work is available on potatoes, with a few illustrations on root morphology in drought and nitrogen stress. The role of root architecture in potatoes has been investigated to some extent under heat, drought, and nitrogen stresses. Hence, this mini-review aims to update knowledge and prospects of strengthening RSA research by applying multi-disciplinary physiological, biochemical, and molecular approaches to abiotic stress tolerance to potatoes with lessons learned from model plants, cereals, and other plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasna Zinta
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
- Lovely Professional University, Phagwada, Punjab, India
| | - Jagesh Kumar Tiwari
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Tanuja Buckseth
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Kanika Thakur
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Umesh Goutam
- Lovely Professional University, Phagwada, Punjab, India
| | - Devendra Kumar
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Central Potato Research Institute, Regional Station, Meerut, India
| | - Clarissa Challam
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Central Potato Research Institute, Regional Station, Shillong, India
| | - Nisha Bhatia
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
- School of Biotechnology, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Anuj K. Poonia
- School of Biotechnology, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Sharmistha Naik
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-National Research Centre for Grapes, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rajesh K. Singh
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Ajay K. Thakur
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Dalamu Dalamu
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Satish K. Luthra
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Central Potato Research Institute, Regional Station, Meerut, India
| | - Vinod Kumar
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Central Potato Research Institute, Regional Station, Meerut, India
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Wyrzykowska A, Bielewicz D, Plewka P, Sołtys‐Kalina D, Wasilewicz‐Flis I, Marczewski W, Jarmolowski A, Szweykowska‐Kulinska Z. The MYB33, MYB65, and MYB101 transcription factors affect Arabidopsis and potato responses to drought by regulating the ABA signaling pathway. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2022; 174:e13775. [PMID: 36050907 PMCID: PMC9828139 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Drought is one of the main climate threats limiting crop production. Potato is one of the four most important food crop species worldwide and is sensitive to water shortage. The CBP80 gene was shown to affect Arabidopsis and potato responses to drought by regulating the level of microRNA159 and, consequently, the levels of the MYB33 and MYB101 transcription factors (TFs). Here, we show that three MYB TFs, MYB33, MYB65, and MYB101, are involved in plant responses to water shortage. Their downregulation in Arabidopsis causes stomatal hyposensitivity to abscisic acid (ABA), leading to reduced tolerance to drought. Transgenic Arabidopsis and potato plants overexpressing these genes, with a mutated recognition site in miR159, show hypersensitivity to ABA and relatively high tolerance to drought conditions. Thus, the MYB33, MYB65, and MYB101 genes may be potential targets for innovative breeding to obtain crops with relatively high tolerance to drought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Wyrzykowska
- Department of Gene Expression, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of BiologyAdam Mickiewicz UniversityPoznańWielkopolskiePoland
| | - Dawid Bielewicz
- Department of Gene Expression, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of BiologyAdam Mickiewicz UniversityPoznańWielkopolskiePoland
| | - Patrycja Plewka
- Department of Gene Expression, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of BiologyAdam Mickiewicz UniversityPoznańWielkopolskiePoland
| | - Dorota Sołtys‐Kalina
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute – National Research InstituteMłochówMasovian VoivodeshipPoland
| | - Iwona Wasilewicz‐Flis
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute – National Research InstituteMłochówMasovian VoivodeshipPoland
| | - Waldemar Marczewski
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute – National Research InstituteMłochówMasovian VoivodeshipPoland
| | - Artur Jarmolowski
- Department of Gene Expression, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of BiologyAdam Mickiewicz UniversityPoznańWielkopolskiePoland
| | - Zofia Szweykowska‐Kulinska
- Department of Gene Expression, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of BiologyAdam Mickiewicz UniversityPoznańWielkopolskiePoland
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Achakkagari SR, Kyriakidou M, Gardner KM, De Koeyer D, De Jong H, Strömvik MV, Tai HH. Genome sequencing of adapted diploid potato clones. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:954933. [PMID: 36003817 PMCID: PMC9394749 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.954933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cultivated potato is a vegetatively propagated crop, and most varieties are autotetraploid with high levels of heterozygosity. Reducing the ploidy and breeding potato at the diploid level can increase efficiency for genetic improvement including greater ease of introgression of diploid wild relatives and more efficient use of genomics and markers in selection. More recently, selfing of diploids for generation of inbred lines for F1 hybrid breeding has had a lot of attention in potato. The current study provides genomics resources for nine legacy non-inbred adapted diploid potato clones developed at Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. De novo genome sequence assembly using 10× Genomics and Illumina sequencing technologies show the genome sizes ranged from 712 to 948 Mbp. Structural variation was identified by comparison to two references, the potato DMv6.1 genome and the phased RHv3 genome, and a k-mer based analysis of sequence reads showed the genome heterozygosity range of 1 to 9.04% between clones. A genome-wide approach was taken to scan 5 Mb bins to visualize patterns of heterozygous deleterious alleles. These were found dispersed throughout the genome including regions overlapping segregation distortions. Novel variants of the StCDF1 gene conferring earliness of tuberization were found among these clones, which all produce tubers under long days. The genomes will be useful tools for genome design for potato breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Kyriakidou
- Department of Plant Science, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
| | - Kyle M. Gardner
- Fredericton Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Fredericton, NB, Canada
| | - David De Koeyer
- Fredericton Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Fredericton, NB, Canada
| | - Hielke De Jong
- Fredericton Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Fredericton, NB, Canada
| | - Martina V. Strömvik
- Department of Plant Science, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
| | - Helen H. Tai
- Fredericton Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Fredericton, NB, Canada
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Jian H, Sun H, Liu R, Zhang W, Shang L, Wang J, Khassanov V, Lyu D. Construction of drought stress regulation networks in potato based on SMRT and RNA sequencing data. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:381. [PMID: 35909124 PMCID: PMC9341072 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03758-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Potato (Solanum tuberosum) is the fourth most important food crop in the world and plays an important role in food security. Drought stress has a significantly negative impact on potato growth and production. There are several publications involved drought stress in potato, this research contributes to enrich the knowledge. RESULTS In this study, next-generation sequencing (NGS) and single-molecule real-time (SMRT) sequencing technology were used to study the transcription profiles in potato in response to 20%PEG6000 simulates drought stress. The leaves of the variety "Désirée" from in vitro plantlets after drought stress at six time points from 0 to 48 hours were used to perform NGS and SMRT sequencing. According to the sequencing data, a total of 12,798 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in six time points. The real-time (RT)-PCR results are significantly correlated with the sequencing data, confirming the accuracy of the sequencing data. Gene ontology and KEGG analysis show that these DEGs participate in response to drought stress through galactose metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, plant-pathogen interaction, glutathione metabolism and other pathways. Through the analysis of alternative splicing of 66,888 transcripts, the functional pathways of these transcripts were enriched, and 51,098 transcripts were newly discovered from alternative splicing events and 47,994 transcripts were functionally annotated. Moreover, 3445 lncRNAs were predicted and enrichment analysis of corresponding target genes was also performed. Additionally, Alternative polyadenylation was analyzed by TADIS, and 26,153 poly (A) sites from 13,010 genes were detected in the Iso-Seq data. CONCLUSION Our research greatly enhanced potato drought-induced gene annotations and provides transcriptome-wide insights into the molecular basis of potato drought resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongju Jian
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715 China
- State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715 China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops, Chongqing, 400715 China
| | - Haonan Sun
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715 China
| | - Rongrong Liu
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715 China
| | - Wenzhe Zhang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715 China
| | - Lina Shang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715 China
| | - Jichun Wang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715 China
- State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715 China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops, Chongqing, 400715 China
| | - Vadim Khassanov
- S. Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical University, Zhenis Avenue, 010011 Astana, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Dianqiu Lyu
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715 China
- State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715 China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops, Chongqing, 400715 China
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Mora V, Ramasamy M, Damaj MB, Irigoyen S, Ancona V, Avila CA, Vales MI, Ibanez F, Mandadi KK. Identification and Characterization of Potato Zebra Chip Resistance Among Wild Solanum Species. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:857493. [PMID: 35966647 PMCID: PMC9363700 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.857493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Potato zebra chip (ZC) disease, associated with the uncultured phloem-limited bacterium, Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum (CLso), is transmitted by the potato psyllid Bactericera cockerelli. Potato ZC disease poses a significant threat to potato production worldwide. Current management practices mainly rely on the control of the psyllid to limit the spread of CLso. The present study investigated new sources of ZC resistance among wild Solanum species. A taxonomically diverse collection of tuber-bearing Solanum species was screened; one ZC-resistant accession and three ZC-tolerant accessions were identified among the 52 screened accessions. Further characterization of the resistant accession showed that the resistance was primarily associated with antibiosis effects due to differences in leaf trichome density and morphology of the wild accession, which could limit the psyllid feeding and oviposition. This germplasm offers a good resource for further understanding ZC and psyllid resistance mechanisms, contributing to potato breeding efforts to develop ZC resistance cultivars. Alternatively, it could be used as a potential trap crop to manage psyllid and control ZC disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Mora
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center, Weslaco, TX, United States
| | - Manikandan Ramasamy
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center, Weslaco, TX, United States
| | - Mona B. Damaj
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center, Weslaco, TX, United States
| | - Sonia Irigoyen
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center, Weslaco, TX, United States
| | - Veronica Ancona
- Department of Agriculture, Agribusiness, and Environmental Sciences, Texas A&M University-Kingsville, Weslaco, TX, United States
| | - Carlos A. Avila
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center, Weslaco, TX, United States
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Maria Isabel Vales
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Freddy Ibanez
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center, Weslaco, TX, United States
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Kranthi K. Mandadi
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center, Weslaco, TX, United States
- Department of Plant Pathology & Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
- Institute for Advancing Health Through Agriculture, Texas A&M AgriLife, College Station, TX, United States
- *Correspondence: Kranthi K. Mandadi
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Sanwal SK, Kumar P, Kesh H, Gupta VK, Kumar A, Kumar A, Meena BL, Colla G, Cardarelli M, Kumar P. Salinity Stress Tolerance in Potato Cultivars: Evidence from Physiological and Biochemical Traits. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11141842. [PMID: 35890476 PMCID: PMC9316722 DOI: 10.3390/plants11141842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Salinity stress is a major constraint to sustainable crop production due to its adverse impact on crop growth, physiology, and productivity. As potato is the fourth most important staple food crop, enhancing its productivity is necessary to ensure food security for the ever-increasing population. Identification and cultivation of salt-tolerant potato genotypes are imperative mitigating strategies to cope with stress conditions. For this purpose, fifty-three varieties of potato were screened under control and salt stress conditions for growth and yield-related traits during 2020. Salt stress caused a mean reduction of 14.49%, 8.88%, and 38.75% in plant height, stem numbers, and tuber yield, respectively in comparison to control. Based on percent yield reduction, the genotypes were classified as salt-tolerant (seven genotypes), moderately tolerant (thirty-seven genotypes), and salt-sensitive genotypes (nine genotypes). Seven salt-tolerant and nine salt-sensitive genotypes were further evaluated to study their responses to salinity on targeted physiological, biochemical, and ionic traits during 2021. Salt stress significantly reduced the relative water content (RWC), membrane stability index (MSI), photosynthesis rate (Pn), transpiration rate (E), stomatal conductance, and K+/Na+ ratio in all the sixteen genotypes; however, this reduction was more pronounced in salt-sensitive genotypes compared to salt-tolerant ones. The better performance of salt-tolerant genotypes under salt stress was due to the strong antioxidant defense system as evidenced by greater activity of super oxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POX), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and better osmotic adjustment (accumulation of proline). The stepwise regression approach identified plant height, stem numbers, relative water content, proline content, H2O2, POX, tuber K+/Na+, and membrane stability index as predominant traits for tuber yield, suggesting their significant role in alleviating salt stress. The identified salt-tolerant genotypes could be used in hybridization programs for the development of new high-yielding and salt-tolerant breeding lines. Further, these genotypes can be used to understand the genetic and molecular mechanism of salt tolerance in potato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satish Kumar Sanwal
- ICAR—Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal 132001, India; (P.K.); (H.K.); (A.K.); (A.K.); (B.L.M.)
- Correspondence: (S.K.S.); (M.C.)
| | - Parveen Kumar
- ICAR—Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal 132001, India; (P.K.); (H.K.); (A.K.); (A.K.); (B.L.M.)
- ICAR—Central Coastal Agricultural Research Institute, Ela, Old Goa 403402, India
| | - Hari Kesh
- ICAR—Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal 132001, India; (P.K.); (H.K.); (A.K.); (A.K.); (B.L.M.)
| | - Vijai Kishor Gupta
- ICAR—Central Potato Research Institute, Regional Station Modipuram, Meerut 250110, India;
| | - Arvind Kumar
- ICAR—Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal 132001, India; (P.K.); (H.K.); (A.K.); (A.K.); (B.L.M.)
| | - Ashwani Kumar
- ICAR—Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal 132001, India; (P.K.); (H.K.); (A.K.); (A.K.); (B.L.M.)
| | - Babu Lal Meena
- ICAR—Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal 132001, India; (P.K.); (H.K.); (A.K.); (A.K.); (B.L.M.)
| | - Giuseppe Colla
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences, University of Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy;
| | - Mariateresa Cardarelli
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences, University of Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy;
- Correspondence: (S.K.S.); (M.C.)
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- ICAR—Central Arid Zone Research Institute, Jodhpur 342003, India;
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41
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Koyro HW, Huchzermeyer B. From Soil Amendments to Controlling Autophagy: Supporting Plant Metabolism under Conditions of Water Shortage and Salinity. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11131654. [PMID: 35807605 PMCID: PMC9269222 DOI: 10.3390/plants11131654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Crop resistance to environmental stress is a major issue. The globally increasing land degradation and desertification enhance the demand on management practices to balance both food and environmental objectives, including strategies that tighten nutrient cycles and maintain yields. Agriculture needs to provide, among other things, future additional ecosystem services, such as water quantity and quality, runoff control, soil fertility maintenance, carbon storage, climate regulation, and biodiversity. Numerous research projects have focused on the food–soil–climate nexus, and results were summarized in several reviews during the last decades. Based on this impressive piece of information, we have selected only a few aspects with the intention of studying plant–soil interactions and methods for optimization. In the short term, the use of soil amendments is currently attracting great interest to cover the current demand in agriculture. We will discuss the impact of biochar at water shortage, and plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) at improving nutrient supply to plants. In this review, our focus is on the interplay of both soil amendments on primary reactions of photosynthesis, plant growth conditions, and signaling during adaptation to environmental stress. Moreover, we aim at providing a general overview of how dehydration and salinity affect signaling in cells. With the use of the example of abscisic acid (ABA) and ethylene, we discuss the effects that can be observed when biochar and PGPB are used in the presence of stress. The stress response of plants is a multifactorial trait. Nevertheless, we will show that plants follow a general concept to adapt to unfavorable environmental conditions in the short and long term. However, plant species differ in the upper and lower regulatory limits of gene expression. Therefore, the presented data may help in the identification of traits for future breeding of stress-resistant crops. One target for breeding could be the removal and efficient recycling of damaged as well as needless compounds and structures. Furthermore, in this context, we will show that autophagy can be a useful goal of breeding measures, since the recycling of building blocks helps the cells to overcome a period of imbalanced substrate supply during stress adjustment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans-Werner Koyro
- Institute of Plantecology, Justus-Liebig-University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Correspondence:
| | - Bernhard Huchzermeyer
- Institute of Botany, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Herrenhaeuser Str. 2, 30416 Hannover, Germany; or
- AK Biotechnology, VDI-BV-Hannover, Hanomagstr. 12, 30449 Hannover, Germany
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42
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Li Q, Qin Y, Hu X, Jin L, Li G, Gong Z, Xiong X, Wang W. Physiology and Gene Expression Analysis of Potato ( Solanum tuberosum L.) in Salt Stress. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:1565. [PMID: 35736717 PMCID: PMC9229698 DOI: 10.3390/plants11121565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The production of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) faces a severe challenge due to the salinization of arable land worldwide. The cultivation of salt-tolerant potatoes is of great significance to ensure food security. In this study, two cultivars of 'Longshu 5' and 'Qingshu 9' were compared for physiological responses to salt stress, and then the salt tolerance of the two cultivars were assessed via principal component analysis. Furthermore, the Na+, K+, and Ca2+ flux of the cultivars under salt stress was recorded. Finally, the expression levels of ion transport-related genes and transcription factors in salt-tolerant cultivars were explored under NaCl stress. The results showed that the seven physiological indicators of salt tolerance were differed between the cultivars. Interestingly, soluble protein and sugar were early responsive to salt stress than proline in the salt-tolerance cultivar. Peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activity were significantly different in 'Longshu 5' under NaCl stress and without being significantly different in 'Qingshu9'. In addition, the salt tolerance of 'Longshu 5' was more tolerant than 'Qingshu 9' based on principal component evaluation. Meanwhile, the strong efflux of Na+, the stability of K+, and the high absorption of Ca2+ in 'Longshu 5' indicated salt adaption mechanisms in the salt-tolerant potato. In addition, we found that ion transport-related genes and transcription factors, such as StSOS1, StNHX4, StAKT1, StNAC24, and StCYP707A, played a role in the salt tolerance of 'Longshu 5'. In conclusion, the salt-tolerant potato can regulate physiological substances to adapt to salt stress, and ion transport related genes and transcription factors play a role in improving salt tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Li
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Root and Tuber Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China; (Q.L.); (L.J.); (G.L.)
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Engineering Research Center for Horticultural Crop Germplasm Creation and New Variety Breeding, Ministry of Education Changsha, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Potatoes, Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Key Laboratory for Vegetable Biology of Hunan Province, Changsha 410128, China; (Y.Q.); (X.H.)
| | - Yuzhi Qin
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Engineering Research Center for Horticultural Crop Germplasm Creation and New Variety Breeding, Ministry of Education Changsha, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Potatoes, Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Key Laboratory for Vegetable Biology of Hunan Province, Changsha 410128, China; (Y.Q.); (X.H.)
| | - Xinxi Hu
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Engineering Research Center for Horticultural Crop Germplasm Creation and New Variety Breeding, Ministry of Education Changsha, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Potatoes, Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Key Laboratory for Vegetable Biology of Hunan Province, Changsha 410128, China; (Y.Q.); (X.H.)
| | - Liping Jin
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Root and Tuber Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China; (Q.L.); (L.J.); (G.L.)
| | - Guangcun Li
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Root and Tuber Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China; (Q.L.); (L.J.); (G.L.)
| | - Zhenping Gong
- Tangshan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tangshan 063001, China;
| | - Xingyao Xiong
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Engineering Research Center for Horticultural Crop Germplasm Creation and New Variety Breeding, Ministry of Education Changsha, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Potatoes, Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Key Laboratory for Vegetable Biology of Hunan Province, Changsha 410128, China; (Y.Q.); (X.H.)
- Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Wanxing Wang
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Root and Tuber Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China; (Q.L.); (L.J.); (G.L.)
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43
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Kumari A, Bhattacharya B, Agarwal T, Paul V, Chakkaravarthi S. Integrated approach towards acrylamide reduction in potato-based snacks: A critical review. Food Res Int 2022; 156:111172. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Chen D, Zebarth BJ, Goyer C, Comeau LP, Nahar K, Dixon T. Effect of Biofumigation on Population Densities of Pratylenchus spp. and Verticillium spp. and Potato Yield in Eastern Canada. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF POTATO RESEARCH : AN OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE POTATO ASSOCIATION OF AMERICA 2022; 99:229-242. [PMID: 35437344 PMCID: PMC9007048 DOI: 10.1007/s12230-022-09875-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Biofumigation has been proposed as an alternative to soil fumigation to manage soil-borne diseases including potato early dying disease complex (PED). This study examined the potential of using brown mustard (Mustard juncea) biofumigation to manage PED under rain-fed potato production in New Brunswick, Canada in two trials between 2017 and 2020 in comparison with chloropicrin fumigation and a conventional barley rotation. Biofumigation increased yield in one trial, but not in a second trial where the potato crop experienced severe drought, whereas chloropicrin fumigation increased yield in both trials. Biofumigation was effective in suppressing root-lesion nematode (RLN, Pratylenchus spp.) counts in both trials, but was ineffective in suppressing V. dahliae population density. Chloropicrin fumigation was effective in suppressing RLN counts and V. dahliae population density only in the hill where injected, but the effect was short-lived as the population density of V. dahliae in the hill increased to the level of the control in one potato growing season. Biofumigation may be an alternative to chloropicrin fumigation in managing PED, particularly in fields with high RLN population but relatively low Verticillium population density. However, neither biofumigation nor fumigation used alone may be sustainable in the short-term potato rotations commonly used in New Brunswick, and additional beneficial practices are required to sustain productivity in the long-term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dahu Chen
- Fredericton Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 95 Innovation Road, Fredericton, New Brunswick E3B 4Z7 Canada
| | - Bernie J. Zebarth
- Fredericton Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 95 Innovation Road, Fredericton, New Brunswick E3B 4Z7 Canada
| | - Claudia Goyer
- Fredericton Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 95 Innovation Road, Fredericton, New Brunswick E3B 4Z7 Canada
| | - Louis-Pierre Comeau
- Fredericton Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 95 Innovation Road, Fredericton, New Brunswick E3B 4Z7 Canada
| | - Kamrun Nahar
- Fredericton Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 95 Innovation Road, Fredericton, New Brunswick E3B 4Z7 Canada
| | - Tom Dixon
- McCain Foods (Canada) Ltd., 8800 Main Street, Florenceville-Bristol, New Brunswick E7L 1B2 Canada
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45
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Estimating Yield from NDVI, Weather Data, and Soil Water Depletion for Sugar Beet and Potato in Northern Belgium. WATER 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/w14081188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Crop-yield models based on vegetation indices such as the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) have been developed to monitor crop yield at higher spatial and temporal resolutions compared to agricultural statistical data. We evaluated the model performance of NDVI-based random forest models for sugar beet and potato farm yields in northern Belgium during 2016–2018. We also evaluated whether weather variables and root-zone soil water depletion during the growing season improved the model performance. The NDVI integral did not explain early and late potato yield variability and only partly explained sugar-beet yield variability. The NDVI series of early and late potato crops were not sensitive enough to yield affecting weather and soil water conditions. We found that water-saturated conditions early in the growing season and elevated temperatures late in the growing season explained a large part of the sugar-beet and late-potato yield variability. The NDVI integral in combination with monthly precipitation, maximum temperature, and root-zone soil water depletion during the growing season explained farm-scale sugar beet (R2 = 0.84, MSE = 48.8) and late potato (R2 = 0.56, MSE = 57.3) yield variability well from 2016 to 2018 in northern Belgium.
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46
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González-Vázquez M, Calderón-Domínguez G, Mora-Escobedo R, Salgado-Cruz MP, Arreguín-Centeno JH, Monterrubio-López R. Polysaccharides of nutritional interest in jicama ( Pachyrhizus erosus) during root development. Food Sci Nutr 2022; 10:1146-1158. [PMID: 35432974 PMCID: PMC9007308 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Jicama root applications have focused on their nutraceutical properties without clearly specifying which compounds are related to this effect. Thus, the aim of the present study was to identify the changes in polysaccharides of nutraceutical interest in two commercial jicama roots (YS – Yellow Seed; PS – Purple Seed) during four stages of maturation, focusing on starch, fructooligosaccharides, and pectin (via galacturonic acid), and on their glycemic index, with the goal of determining, if possible, the best cost‐effectiveness between jicama growing stages and nutraceutical effect. Both materials (YS, PS) presented similar growth rates (0.069 and 0.072 cm/day) and final sizes (12.7 ± 1.25, 12.3 ± 1.63 cm). Changes in size were accompanied by changes in protein, fiber, ashes, lipids, and carbohydrates, after 106 or 127 days of growing. It was also found that fructose content was higher than glucose during the maturing stages, possibly because of the hydrolysis of fructooligosaccharides or sucrose for starch production. Concerning inulin, its levels decreased (<6.0%), after the first days (YS: 13.4% ± 0.7%; PS: 8.4% ± 0.2%, 106 days); however, during development, the presence of other fructooligosaccharides was observed (nystose‐YS 106 days 15.8% ± 0.9% and PS‐106 days 18.5% ± 0.1%), while galacturonic acid and native starch levels increased, which must be related to the jicama's low glycemic index found (<25%), and their nutraceutical properties. This work proves the presence of inulin in jicama roots by analytical methods, its dependence on root development and classifies jicama as a low glycemic index food, supporting its nutraceutical character.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rosalva Mora-Escobedo
- Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas Instituto Politécnico Nacional Ciudad de México México
| | - Ma Paz Salgado-Cruz
- Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas Instituto Politécnico Nacional Ciudad de México México.,Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACyT) Ciudad de México México
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Abbas A, Shah AN, Shah AA, Nadeem MA, Alsaleh A, Javed T, Alotaibi SS, Abdelsalam NR. Genome-Wide Analysis of Invertase Gene Family, and Expression Profiling under Abiotic Stress Conditions in Potato. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11040539. [PMID: 35453738 PMCID: PMC9032393 DOI: 10.3390/biology11040539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Invertase genes are among the important genes responsible for carbon metabolism in plants, significantly contributing to plant development and stress responses. In this study, for the first time, we performed genome-wide analysis for Invertase gene family in potato, identified and conducted expression profiling in different tissues by RNA seq analysis and validated it by Q-PCR. We also performed invertase family genes expression profiling under drought, salt and heat stress to elucidate their involvement in stress responses. Findings of this study will be helpful for future functional and genetic studies not only in potato but also in other plants. Abstract The potato is one of the most important and valuable crops in terms of consumption worldwide. However, abiotic stressors are the critical delimiters for the growth and productivity of potato. Invertase genes play key roles in carbon metabolism, plant development, and responses to stress stimuli. Therefore, a comprehensive genome-wide identification, characterization and expression analysis of invertase genes was performed in the potato. The current study identified 19 invertase genes, randomly distributed throughout the potato genome. To further elucidate their evolutionary, functional and structural relationship within family and with other plant species, we performed sequence and phylogenetic analysis, which segregated invertase genes into two main groups based on their sequence homology. A total of 11 genes are included in acidic invertases and 8 genes are in neutral or alkaline invertases, elucidating their functional divergence. Tissue specific expression analyses (RNA sequencing and qRT-PCR) of different plant tissues showed differential expression pattern. Invertase genes have higher expression in flower, leaf, root and shoot tissues, while under abiotic stress conditions, the expression of the invertase gene is significantly upregulated. Results of this study revealed that vacuolar and cell wall destined invertases are mainly the functional member genes of the invertase family. This study provides comprehensive data and knowledge about StINV genes in Solanum tuberosum for future genetic and epigenetic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asad Abbas
- School of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China;
| | - Adnan Noor Shah
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan 64200, Pakistan
- Correspondence:
| | - Anis Ali Shah
- Department of Botany, University of Education Lahore, Lahore 54770, Pakistan;
| | - Muhammad Azhar Nadeem
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, Sivas University of Science and Technology, Sivas 58140, Turkey;
| | - Ahmad Alsaleh
- Molecular Genetic Laboratory, Science and Technology Application and Research Center, Institute for Hemp Research, Yozgat Bozok University, Yozgat 66200, Turkey;
| | - Talha Javed
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan;
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Saqer S. Alotaibi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Nader R. Abdelsalam
- Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria 21531, Egypt;
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48
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Campbell R, Ducreux L, Cowan G, Young V, Chinoko G, Chitedze G, Kwendani S, Chiipanthenga M, Bita CE, Mwenye O, Were H, Torrance L, Sharma SK, Hancock RD, Bryan GJ, Taylor M. Allelic variants of a potato
HEAT SHOCK COGNATE 70
gene confer improved tuber yield under a wide range of environmental conditions. Food Energy Secur 2022; 12:e377. [PMID: 37035023 PMCID: PMC10078605 DOI: 10.1002/fes3.377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously, we developed and applied a glasshouse screen for potato tuber yield under heat stress and identified a candidate gene (HSc70) for heat tolerance by genetic analysis of a diploid potato population. Specific allelic variants were expressed at high levels on exposure to moderately elevated temperature due to variations in gene promoter sequence. In this study, we aimed to confirm the results from the glasshouse screen in field trials conducted over several seasons and locations including those in Kenya, Malawi and the UK. We extend our understanding of the HSc70 gene and demonstrate that expression level of HSc70 correlates with tolerance to heat stress in a wide range of wild potato relatives. The physiological basis of the protective effect of HSc70 was explored and we show that genotypes carrying the highly expressed HSc70 A2 allele are protected against photooxidative damage to PSII induced by abiotic stresses. Overall, we show the potential of HSc70 alleles for breeding resilient potato genotypes for multiple environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond Campbell
- Cell and Molecular Sciences The James Hutton Institute Dundee UK
| | - Laurence Ducreux
- Cell and Molecular Sciences The James Hutton Institute Dundee UK
| | - Graham Cowan
- Cell and Molecular Sciences The James Hutton Institute Dundee UK
| | | | | | - Gloria Chitedze
- Department of Agricultural Research Services Bvumbwe Agricultural Research Station Limbe Malawi
| | - Stanley Kwendani
- Department of Agricultural Research Services Bvumbwe Agricultural Research Station Limbe Malawi
| | - Margaret Chiipanthenga
- Department of Agricultural Research Services Bvumbwe Agricultural Research Station Limbe Malawi
| | | | | | - Hassan Were
- Department of Agriculture and Land Use Management Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology Kakamega Kenya
| | - Lesley Torrance
- Cell and Molecular Sciences The James Hutton Institute Dundee UK
- School of Biology Biomolecular Sciences Building University of St Andrews St Andrews UK
| | | | | | - Glenn J. Bryan
- Cell and Molecular Sciences The James Hutton Institute Dundee UK
| | - Mark Taylor
- Cell and Molecular Sciences The James Hutton Institute Dundee UK
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49
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Commercial Potato Cultivars Exhibit Distinct Susceptibility to the Root Lesion Nematode Pratylenchus penetrans. HORTICULTURAE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae8030244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The root lesion nematode Pratylenchus penetrans is an important plant-parasitic nematode of potato. In this study, the susceptibility of commercial potato cultivars to P. penetrans was assessed. Nematode penetration was evaluated in cultivars Agria, Camel, Kennebec, Laura, Royata, and Stemster at 1, 3, 7, and 15 days after inoculation (DAI) with 750 nematodes/plant, and an egression assay at 3 DAI with 1000 nematodes/plant. Reproduction assays of cultivars Agata, Agria, Camel, Désirée, Dirosso, Kennebec, Laura, Picasso, Royata, and Stemster were performed in 2 L pots inoculated with four P. penetrans/g soil and quantified at 60 DAI. Tenue or moderate root cell browning to advanced necrotic areas were observed after nematode penetration, and the number of nematodes/g of root gradually increased with time of infection. A lower number of deposited eggs and nematodes were observed within the roots of cultivar Laura in all assays comparatively to other cultivars. The susceptibility index (SI) was significantly lower in cultivar Laura (0.4–0.6), followed by cultivars Camel and Picasso (0.8–0.9). All remaining cultivars showed SI values above 1. Although the potato susceptibility to the nematode varied among cultivars, no differences on the average number or weight of tubers produced by each plant of inoculated versus non-inoculated plants were detected. Our data reveals that these cultivars have a distinct ability to support the reproduction of P. penetrans.
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Classification of Potato Varieties Drought Stress Tolerance Using Supervised Learning. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12041939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The presented study was aimed at investigating the variability for drought tolerance among potato cultivars. To achieve this, the stability of drought tolerance of potato cultivars under different water regime conditions was inspected during 11 years of consecutive experiments. The data on 50 potato cultivars’ responses to drought stress, based on the morphological features of plants, i.e., leaf and stem mass and size of the assimilation area, have been collected. The tuber yield, as well as calculated plant tolerance indexes and Climatic Water Balance for each growing season, were analyzed. The studied cultivars were later assigned into one of three tolerance groups for soil drought. The highest linear relationship was found between the mass of leaves and stems and the tuber yield but was found too weak to raise any conclusions. Thus, the ensemble learning models have been evaluated and returned better performance results, and the final classifier is the implementation of extreme gradient boosting. The final classifier of the 96.7% accuracy, which used several measured potato parameters (Relative yield decrease, Stem mass, Maturity, Assimilation area, Leaves mass, Yield per plant, calculated Climatic water balance, and indices: MSTI and DSI) that could distinguish the different tolerance groups were evaluated in the study.
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