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Atoui S, Bernard P, Carli F, Liberman AS. Association Between Physical Activity, Sedentary Behaviors, and Sleep-Related Outcomes Among Cancer Survivors: a Cross-Sectional Study. Int J Behav Med 2024; 31:741-752. [PMID: 37656309 DOI: 10.1007/s12529-023-10216-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Limited research has examined the association between moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), sedentary behavior (SB), and sleep-related outcomes in cancer survivors. Therefore, this study aimed to examine these associations using a nationally representative sample of US adults. METHODS Data from the 2005-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were analyzed. A total of 3229 adults with cancer histories were included. Physical activity was measured through accelerometry, and questions on daily activities, sedentary time, and sleep were collected during the household interview. Weighted multivariable analyses were conducted after accounting for the complex sampling design of the NHANES dataset. RESULTS After adjustments, physical activity and SB outcomes were associated with several self-reported sleep-related parameters. Increases in minutes of self-reported MVPA and SB were associated with a decreased likelihood of reporting ≥ 8 h of sleep (OR = 0.92, 95% CI = 0.86, 0.99 and OR = 0.88, 95% CI = 0.82, 0.95). Converse associations were found between device-measured MVPA and SB with the likelihood of reporting often/always feeling overly sleepy during the day (OR = 0.86, 95% CI = 0.75 and OR = 1.13, 95% CI = 1.05, respectively). However, an increased likelihood of waking up too early in the morning (OR = 1.22, 95% CI = 1.04) was observed with increases in minutes of device-measured MVPA. CONCLUSIONS A sensible strategy to decrease the frequency of sedentary breaks and increase minutes of physical activity throughout the day may reduce sleep complaints reported in cancer survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Atoui
- Division of Experimental Surgery, Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, 1650 Cedar Ave, Room L10.106, Montreal, QC, H3G 1A4, Canada
| | - Paquito Bernard
- Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Université du Québec à Montréal, 141, Avenue du Président Kennedy, Montreal, QC, H2X 1Y4, Canada
- Research Centre, University Institute of Mental Health in Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Francesco Carli
- Department of Anesthesia, McGill University Health Centre, 1650 Cedar Ave, Room E10.160, Montreal, QC, H3G 1A4, Canada
| | - A Sender Liberman
- Division of Experimental Surgery, Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, 1650 Cedar Ave, Room L10.106, Montreal, QC, H3G 1A4, Canada.
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2
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Seiferth C, Fiedler J, Färber T, Pape M, Schroeder S, Herpertz S, Steins-Loeber S, Wolstein J. Bi-directional associations of core affect and physical activity in adults with higher body weight: An ecological momentary assessment study. J Health Psychol 2024; 29:1115-1128. [PMID: 38284358 PMCID: PMC11344957 DOI: 10.1177/13591053241228202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Affect is known to be predictive of and enhanced by higher physical activity (PA) levels in the general population. This secondary analysis aimed to increase the understanding of the bi-directional relationship between PA and core affect (i.e. valence, energetic arousal, and calmness) among adults with higher body weight. Affect and PA were assessed in naturalistic settings via ecological momentary assessment using a mixed sampling scheme from 157 participants (body mass index: 32.99 ± 3.78 kg/m2). Multilevel models revealed that being more physically active in the 15 minutes prior to the assessment predicted an increase in energetic arousal and a decrease in calmness. Subsequently, feeling more energetic and agitated was associated with increased PA within the following 15 minutes. Valence (i.e. pleasure-displeasure) was not associated with PA nor predictive of subsequent PA. Digital PA interventions may target the enhancement of feelings of energy and present psychoeducation about these distinct psychological benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Magdalena Pape
- LWL-University Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Germany
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Strohacker K, Sudeck G, Keegan R, Ibrahim AH, Beaumont CT. Contextualising flexible nonlinear periodization as a person-adaptive behavioral model for exercise maintenance. Health Psychol Rev 2024; 18:285-298. [PMID: 37401403 DOI: 10.1080/17437199.2023.2233592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
There is a growing focus on developing person-adaptive strategies to support sustained exercise behaviour, necessitating conceptual models to guide future research and applications. This paper introduces Flexible nonlinear periodisation (FNLP) - a proposed, but underdeveloped person-adaptive model originating in sport-specific conditioning - that, pending empirical refinement and evaluation, may be applied in health promotion and disease prevention settings. To initiate such efforts, the procedures of FNLP (i.e., acutely and dynamically matching exercise demand to individual assessments of mental and physical readiness) are integrated with contemporary health behaviour evidence and theory to propose a modified FNLP model and to show hypothesised pathways by which FNLP may support exercise adherence (e.g., flexible goal setting, management of affective responses, and provision of autonomy/variety-support). Considerations for future research are also provided to guide iterative, evidence-based efforts for further development, acceptability, implementation, and evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelley Strohacker
- Department of Kinesiology, Recreation, and Sport Studies, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Gorden Sudeck
- Institute of Sport Science, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Interfacultary Research Institute for Sports and Physical Activity, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Richard Keegan
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia
| | - Adam H Ibrahim
- Department of Kinesiology, Recreation, and Sport Studies, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Cory T Beaumont
- Department of Allied Health, Sport, and Wellness, Baldwin Wallace University, Berea, OH, USA
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4
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Wu M, Zhang X, Feng S, Freda SN, Kumari P, Dumrongprechachan V, Kozorovitskiy Y. Dopamine pathways mediating affective state transitions after sleep loss. Neuron 2024; 112:141-154.e8. [PMID: 37922904 PMCID: PMC10841919 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2023.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
The pathophysiology of affective disorders-particularly circuit-level mechanisms underlying bidirectional, periodic affective state transitions-remains poorly understood. In patients, disruptions of sleep and circadian rhythm can trigger transitions to manic episodes, whereas depressive states are reversed. Here, we introduce a hybrid automated sleep deprivation platform to induce transitions of affective states in mice. Acute sleep loss causes mixed behavioral states, featuring hyperactivity, elevated social and sexual behaviors, and diminished depressive-like behaviors, where transitions depend on dopamine (DA). Using DA sensor photometry and projection-targeted chemogenetics, we reveal that elevated DA release in specific brain regions mediates distinct behavioral changes in affective state transitions. Acute sleep loss induces DA-dependent enhancement in dendritic spine density and uncaging-evoked dendritic spinogenesis in the medial prefrontal cortex, whereas optically mediated disassembly of enhanced plasticity reverses the antidepressant effects of sleep deprivation on learned helplessness. These findings demonstrate that brain-wide dopaminergic pathways control sleep-loss-induced polymodal affective state transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzheng Wu
- Department of Neurobiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA; Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Sihan Feng
- Department of Neurobiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Sara N Freda
- Department of Neurobiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Pushpa Kumari
- Department of Neurobiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Vasin Dumrongprechachan
- Department of Neurobiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA; Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Yevgenia Kozorovitskiy
- Department of Neurobiology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA; Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.
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Pham LT, Hernandez R, Spruijt-Metz D, Gonzalez JS, Pyatak EA. Movement matters: short-term impacts of physical activity on mood and well-being. J Behav Med 2023; 46:781-790. [PMID: 36939975 PMCID: PMC10026784 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-023-00407-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
Few studies have investigated the short-term, momentary relationships between physical activity (PA) and well-being. This study focuses on investigating the dynamic relationships between PA and affective well-being among adults with type 1 diabetes. Participants (n = 122) wore an accelerometer and completed daily EMA surveys of current activities and affective states (e.g., happy, stressed, excited, anxious) via smartphone over 14 days. Within-person, increased sedentary time was associated with less positive affect (r = - 0.11, p < 0.001), while more PA of any intensity was associated with greater positive affect and reduced fatigue, three hours later. Between-person, increased light PA was associated with increased stress (r = 0.21, p = 0.02) and diabetes distress (r = 0.30, p = 0.001). This study provides evidence that positive affect and fatigue are predicted by previous activity regardless of the different activities that people engaged in. Positive affect increased after engaging in PA. However, participants with higher amounts of light PA reported higher stress ratings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loree T Pham
- Mrs. T.H. Chan Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Southern California, 1640 Marengo St., Suite 411, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA.
| | - Raymond Hernandez
- Mrs. T.H. Chan Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Southern California, 1640 Marengo St., Suite 411, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
- Dornslife Center for Economic and Social Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Donna Spruijt-Metz
- Dornslife Center for Economic and Social Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA , USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA , USA
| | - Jeffrey S Gonzalez
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, CA, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Elizabeth Ann Pyatak
- Mrs. T.H. Chan Division of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Southern California, 1640 Marengo St., Suite 411, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
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6
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Garo-Pascual M, Gaser C, Zhang L, Tohka J, Medina M, Strange BA. Brain structure and phenotypic profile of superagers compared with age-matched older adults: a longitudinal analysis from the Vallecas Project. THE LANCET. HEALTHY LONGEVITY 2023; 4:e374-e385. [PMID: 37454673 PMCID: PMC10397152 DOI: 10.1016/s2666-7568(23)00079-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive abilities, particularly memory, normally decline with age. However, some individuals, often designated as superagers, can reach late life with the memory function of individuals 30 years younger. We aimed to characterise the brain structure of superagers and identify demographic, lifestyle, and clinical factors associated with this phenotype. METHODS We selected cognitively healthy participants from the Vallecas Project longitudinal cohort recruited between Oct 10, 2011, and Jan 14, 2014, aged 79·5 years or older, on the basis of their delayed verbal episodic memory score. Participants were assessed with the Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test and with three non-memory tests (the 15-item version of the Boston Naming Test, the Digit Symbol Substitution Test, and the Animal Fluency Test). Participants were classified as superagers if they scored at or above the mean values for a 50-56-year-old in the Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test and within one standard deviation of the mean or above for their age and education level in the three non-memory tests, or as typical older adults if they scored within one standard deviation of the mean for their age and education level in the Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test. Data acquired as per protocol from up to six yearly follow-ups were used for longitudinal analyses. FINDINGS We included 64 superagers (mean age 81·9 years; 38 [59%] women and 26 [41%] men) and 55 typical older adults (82·4 years; 35 [64%] women and 20 [36%] men). The median number of follow-up visits was 5·0 (IQR 5·0-6·0) for superagers and 5·0 (4·5-6·0) for typical older adults. Superagers exhibited higher grey matter volume cross-sectionally in the medial temporal lobe, cholinergic forebrain, and motor thalamus. Longitudinally, superagers also showed slower total grey matter atrophy, particularly within the medial temporal lobe, than did typical older adults. A machine learning classification including 89 demographic, lifestyle, and clinical predictors showed that faster movement speed (despite no group differences in exercise frequency) and better mental health were the most differentiating factors for superagers. Similar concentrations of dementia blood biomarkers in superager and typical older adult groups suggest that group differences reflect inherent superager resistance to typical age-related memory loss. INTERPRETATION Factors associated with dementia prevention are also relevant for resistance to age-related memory decline and brain atrophy, and the association between superageing and movement speed could provide potential novel insights into how to preserve memory function into the ninth decade. FUNDING Queen Sofia Foundation, CIEN Foundation, Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, Alzheimer's Association, European Research Council, MAPFRE Foundation, Carl Zeiss Foundation, and the EU Comission for Horizon 2020. TRANSLATION For the Spanish translation of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Garo-Pascual
- Laboratory for Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Biomedical Technology, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain; Alzheimer Disease Research Unit, CIEN Foundation, Queen Sofia Foundation Alzheimer Centre, Madrid, Spain; PhD Program in Neuroscience, Autonomous University of Madrid-Cajal Institute, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Christian Gaser
- Structural Brain Mapping Group, Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany; German Centre for Mental Health, Jena, Germany
| | - Linda Zhang
- Alzheimer Disease Research Unit, CIEN Foundation, Queen Sofia Foundation Alzheimer Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jussi Tohka
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Miguel Medina
- Alzheimer Disease Research Unit, CIEN Foundation, Queen Sofia Foundation Alzheimer Centre, Madrid, Spain; Network Centre for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Madrid, Spain
| | - Bryan A Strange
- Laboratory for Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Biomedical Technology, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain; Alzheimer Disease Research Unit, CIEN Foundation, Queen Sofia Foundation Alzheimer Centre, Madrid, Spain
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7
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Dsouza N, Carroll-Scott A, Bilal U, Headen IE, Reis R, Martinez-Donate AP. Investigating the measurement properties of livability: a scoping review. CITIES & HEALTH 2023; 7:839-853. [PMID: 38046106 PMCID: PMC10691868 DOI: 10.1080/23748834.2023.2202894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Connecting evidence-based public health recommendations to livability, a popular and relatable construct, can increase the policy relevance of research to improve community design. However, there are many different definitions and conceptualizations of livability and little consensus about its measurement. Improved measurement, including standardization, is needed to increase understanding of livability's influence on health and to facilitate comparisons across contexts. This study sought to review existing livability measures, how they were created, and evidence regarding their reliability and validity. A scoping review of three databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science) identified 744 eligible studies. After screening, 24 studies, 15 from the original search and 9 through backward citation searches, were included in the review. Most studies were carried out in an urban context. There was minimal consensus across studies on the conceptualization of livability. However, measure domains and indicators overlapped significantly. While the process used to validate the measures varied, most studies reported high levels of reliability and found that livability was correlated with similar measures (e.g. place satisfaction, neighborhood safety, and sense of place) and self-reported health and wellbeing. Further research is needed to develop parsimonious, standardized measures of livability in order to create and sustain livable communities worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishita Dsouza
- Department of Community Health and Prevention, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Amy Carroll-Scott
- Department of Community Health and Prevention, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Usama Bilal
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Irene E. Headen
- Department of Community Health and Prevention, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rodrigo Reis
- Brown School, Washington University in St Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ana P. Martinez-Donate
- Department of Community Health and Prevention, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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8
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Broen T, Choi Y, Zambrano Garza E, Pauly T, Gerstorf D, Hoppmann CA. Time-varying associations between loneliness and physical activity: Evidence from repeated daily life assessments in an adult lifespan sample. Front Psychol 2023; 13:1021863. [PMID: 36778170 PMCID: PMC9909092 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1021863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Physical activity is a behavior that promotes physical and mental health; yet physical activity has decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic. To promote health during times of challenge, it is important to identify potential barriers to this key health behavior, such as loneliness. This brief report extends previous research on physical activity and loneliness that mainly focused on between-person differences to examine their time-varying associations at the within-person level using repeated daily life assessments. From April 2020 to August 2020, data were collected from a sample of 139 community-dwelling Canadian adults (M age = 40.65 years, SD = 18.37; range = 18-83 years). Each evening for 10 consecutive days, participants reported their loneliness, number of steps, and minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. Results revealed that, in line with our hypotheses, on days when participants reported more loneliness they also engaged in less moderate-to-vigorous physical activity than on less lonely days (estimate = -0.24, p = 0.007); there was a significant negative association between loneliness and daily number of steps (estimate = -18.42, p = 0.041). In contrast, at the between-person level, overall loneliness was not associated with overall physical activity engagement after accounting for within-person differences and control variables (age, sex, day in study). From an intervention perspective, our findings suggest that it is promising to tackle loneliness on a day-to-day basis to increase physical activity one day at a time. This may be especially relevant during times mandating social-distancing, but also at other times when individuals experience greater feelings of loneliness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiana Broen
- Department of Psychology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Yoonseok Choi
- Department of Psychology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | - Theresa Pauly
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Denis Gerstorf
- Department of Psychology, Humboldt University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Kanning M, Bollenbach L, Schmitz J, Niermann C, Fina S. Analyzing Person-Place Interactions During Walking Episodes: Innovative Ambulatory Assessment Approach of Walking-Triggered e-Diaries. JMIR Form Res 2022; 6:e39322. [PMID: 36427231 PMCID: PMC9736755 DOI: 10.2196/39322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Walking behavior is positively associated with physiological and mental health as much evidence has already shown. Walking is also becoming a critical issue for health promotion in urban environments as it is the most often used form of active mobility and helps to replace carbon dioxide emissions from motorized forms of transport. It therefore contributes to mitigate the negative effects of climate change and heat islands within cities. However, to promote walking among urban dwellers and to utilize its health-enhancing potential, we need to know more about the way in which physical and social environments shape individual experiences during walking episodes. Such person-place interactions could not adequately be analyzed in former studies owing to methodological constraints. OBJECTIVE This study introduces walking-triggered e-diaries as an innovative ambulatory assessment approach for time-varying associations, and investigates its accuracy with 2 different validation strategies. METHODS The walking trigger consists of a combination of movement acceleration via an accelerometer and mobile positioning of the cellphone via GPS and transmission towers to track walking activities. The trigger starts an e-diary whenever a movement acceleration exceeds a predetermined threshold and participants' locations are identified as nonstationary outside a predefined place of residence. Every 420 (±300) seconds, repeated e-diaries were prompted as long as the trigger conditions were met. Data were assessed on 10 consecutive days. First, to investigate accuracy, we reconstructed walking routes and calculated a percentage score for all triggered prompts in relation to all walking routes where a prompt could have been triggered. Then, to provide data about its specificity, we used momentary self-reports and objectively assessed movement behavior to describe activity levels before the trigger prompted an e-diary. RESULTS Data of 67 participants could be analyzed and the walking trigger led to 3283 e-diary prompts, from which 2258 (68.8%) were answered. Regarding accuracy, the walking trigger prompted an e-diary on 732 of 842 (86.9%) reconstructed walking routes. Further, in 838 of 1206 (69.5%) triggered e-diaries, participants self-reported that they were currently walking outdoors. Steps and acceleration movement was higher during these self-reported walking episodes than when participants denied walking outdoors (steps: 106 vs 32; acceleration>0.2 g in 58.4% vs 19% of these situations). CONCLUSIONS Accuracy analysis revealed that walking-triggered e-diaries are suitable to collect different data of individuals' current experiences in situations in which a person walks outdoors. Combined with environmental data, such an approach increases knowledge about person-place interactions and provides the possibility to gain knowledge about user preferences for health-enhancing urban environments. From a methodological viewpoint, however, specificity analysis showed how changes in trigger conditions (eg, increasing the threshold for movement acceleration) lead to changes in accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Kanning
- Department of Sport Science, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Lukas Bollenbach
- Department of Sport Science, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Julian Schmitz
- Faculty of Architecture and Civil Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Christina Niermann
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Fina
- Faculty of Architecture and Civil Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
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Bollenbach L, Schmitz J, Niermann C, Kanning M. How do people feel while walking in the city? Using walking-triggered e-diaries to investigate the association of social interaction and environmental greenness during everyday life walking. Front Psychol 2022; 13:970336. [PMID: 36225697 PMCID: PMC9549356 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.970336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Light to moderate physical activity, which includes walking, is associated with positive effects on physical and mental health. However, concerning mental health, social and physical environmental factors are likely to play an important role in this association. This study investigates person-place interactions between environmental characteristics (greenness, social interaction) and momentary affective states during walking episodes. A within-subject design is implemented, in which affective states and environmental characteristics are assessed while participants are walking outside. Methods On smartphones, coupled with a motion sensor (move3), e-diaries were triggered as soon as people walked 100 m outside. E-diaries assessed momentary affective states (valence, calmness, energetic arousal), and social interaction (walking alone; seeing other people while walking; interacting with other people; walking with a known person) between 6 am and 10 pm over nine days. The percentage of greenness was determined afterward from recorded GPS and GIS data. Demographics were collected in advance via an online questionnaire. Multilevel models were calculated with R for 46 individuals (age = 41.2, ± 13.2; 52% female). Results Affective state dimension energetic arousal showed a significant association with social interaction and greenness, i.e., participants rated energetic arousal lower when walking alone, and if there was less greenness vs. when interacting shortly with someone while walking (β = 0.13, p = 0.02), and being in situations with more greenness (β = 0.08, p = 0.02). Furthermore, associations with social interaction and greenness were found for dimension calmness: walking together with someone was associated with higher calmness (β = 0.16, p = 0.02), and the higher the proportion of surrounding greenness during a walk, the higher calmness was rated, i.e., participants were calmer (β = 0.09, p = 0.01). Significant associations with valence were not present. Conclusion The findings indicate that the affective states varied significantly due to different social and physical environmental factors. In the future, the importance of environmental factors should be further investigated, e.g., by assessing environmental factors right in situations contrary to a subsequent imputation. Within-subject designs, and in particular triggered assessments with the addition of GPS, can aid in developing interventions for health-promoting urban environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Bollenbach
- Department of Health and Social Sciences in Sport Science, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Julian Schmitz
- Research Institute for Regional and Urban Development gGmbH, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Christina Niermann
- Department of Health and Social Sciences in Sport Science, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
- Medical School Hamburg, Institute of Interdisciplinary Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martina Kanning
- Department of Health and Social Sciences in Sport Science, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
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11
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Whitaker M, Welch WA, Fanning J, Santa-Maria CA, Auster-Gussman LA, Solk P, Khan SA, Kulkarni SA, Gradishar W, Siddique J, Phillips SM. Using ecological momentary assessment to understand associations between daily physical activity and symptoms in breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Support Care Cancer 2022; 30:6613-6622. [PMID: 35488902 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-022-07071-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Understanding real-time relationships between physical activity (PA) and symptoms during chemotherapy (CT) could have important implications for intervention. This study used ecological momentary assessment to examine the relationship between objective PA and symptoms during CT. METHODS Breast cancers patients (n = 67; Mage = 48.6 (SD = 10.3)) participated in data collection at three time points during CT: beginning, middle, and end. At each time point, participants answered four prompts assessing symptoms and wore an accelerometer for 10 days (3 days pre-CT, day of CT, and 6 days post-CT). Multilevel linear regression models examined the between- and within-person associations between moderate to vigorous (MVPA) and light-intensity physical activity (LPA) and same and next-day symptom ratings controlling for covariates. RESULTS On days when individuals engaged in more LPA or MVPA, separately, they reported improved affect, anxiety, fatigue, physical functioning (walking and activities of daily living), pain, and cognition that day (p < 0.001 for all). Findings were consistent for next-day symptom ratings with the exception that only previous day LPA was related to next-day fatigue and neither LPA nor MVPA were related to next-day cognition (p < 0.001 for all). No between-person effects were found. CONCLUSIONS Within person higher than usual PA on a given day, regardless of intensity, is associated with improved symptoms ratings on the current and next day. IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS Encouraging breast cancer patients undergoing CT to engage in daily PA could help manage CT-associated symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madelyn Whitaker
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 680 N. Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Whitney A Welch
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 680 N. Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Jason Fanning
- Department of Health and Exercise Sciences, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Cesar A Santa-Maria
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, John Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lisa A Auster-Gussman
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 680 N. Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Payton Solk
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 680 N. Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Seema A Khan
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Swati A Kulkarni
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - William Gradishar
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Juned Siddique
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 680 N. Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Siobhan M Phillips
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 680 N. Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
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12
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Düzel S, Drewelies J, Polk SE, Misgeld C, Porst J, Wolfarth B, Kühn S, Brandmaier AM, Wenger E. No Evidence for a Boost in Psychosocial Functioning in Older Age After a 6-Months Physical Exercise Intervention. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 16:825454. [PMID: 35360285 PMCID: PMC8963719 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.825454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The beneficial effects of physical exercise on physical health and cognitive functioning have been repeatedly shown. However, evidence of its effect on psychosocial functioning in healthy adults is still scarce or inconclusive. One limitation of many studies examining this link is their reliance on correlational approaches or specific subpopulations, such as clinical populations. The present study investigated the effects of a physical exercise intervention on key factors of psychosocial functioning, specifically well-being, stress, loneliness, and future time perspective. We used data from healthy, previously sedentary older adults (N = 132) who participated in a 6-month at-home intervention, either engaging in aerobic exercise or as part of a control group who participated in foreign language-learning or reading of selected native-language literature. Before and after the intervention, comprehensive cardiovascular pulmonary testing and a psychosocial questionnaire were administered. The exercise group showed significantly increased fitness compared to the control group. Contrary to expectations, however, we did not find evidence for a beneficial effect of this fitness improvement on any of the four domains of psychosocial functioning we assessed. This may be due to pronounced stability of such psychological traits in older age, especially in older adults who show high levels of well-being initially. Alternatively, it may be that the well-documented beneficial effects of physical exercise on brain structure and function, as well as cognition differ markedly from beneficial effects on psychosocial functioning. While aerobic exercise may be the driving factor for the former, positive effects on the latter may only be invoked by other aspects of exercise, for example, experiences of mastery or a feeling of community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Düzel
- Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
| | - Johanna Drewelies
- Department of Psychology, Humboldt University Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sarah E. Polk
- Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
- International Max Planck Research School on the Life Course (LIFE), Berlin, Germany
| | - Carola Misgeld
- Department of Sports Medicine, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Johanna Porst
- Department of Sports Medicine, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernd Wolfarth
- Department of Sports Medicine, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Simone Kühn
- Lise Meitner Group for Environmental Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
- Neuronal Plasticity Working Group, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andreas M. Brandmaier
- Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
- Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychology, MSB Medical School Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Wenger
- Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
- *Correspondence: Elisabeth Wenger,
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13
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Waleriańczyk W, Stolarski M, Matthews G. Perfectionism Moderates the Effects of Goal-Realızatıon on Post-Competition Mood in Amateur Runners. J Sports Sci Med 2022; 21:1-12. [PMID: 35250328 PMCID: PMC8851113 DOI: 10.52082/jssm.2022.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Perfectionism impacts how athletes evaluate their performance. However, little is known about how perfectionistic strivings and perfectionistic concerns interplay with athletes' anticipated and actual performance in predicting mood after the competition. Thus, we conducted a study with amateur runners [n = 152, (72 female, 80 male); Mean±SD age = 34.71 ± 9.57] taking part in a competitive 10-kilometer street run. Perfectionism was measured before the run, while the measurement of mood was taken during the post-competition week. Mood was operationalized in the 3D model of mood, distinguishing between energetic arousal, tense arousal, and hedonic tone. Regression analysis showed that specific patterns of associations between perfectionism and goal-realization explain 17-21% of variance in the dimensions of mood. Higher pleasure after the run was predicted by lower perfectionistic concerns and better conversion of anticipated performance into actual performance. In predicting energy and tension, moderating effects of perfectionistic strivings, perfectionistic concerns, and conversion rate were observed. Johnson-Neyman technique revealed that only athletes low in perfectionistic concerns were able to benefit from lower tension when they met or exceeded their goals for the run. The higher athletes' perfectionistic strivings and conversion rate the more pronounced effects we observed for affect-energization. Results support the idea of perfectionistic reactivity, where the negative consequences of perfectionism can be observed in a lack of positive reactions to positive events. We also suggest that such a response to meeting or exceeding one's goal may contribute to the development of athlete burnout and hinder the development athlete engagement.
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14
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Verloigne M, Van Oeckel V, Brondeel R, Poppe L. Bidirectional associations between sedentary time and sleep duration among 12- to 14-year-old adolescents. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1673. [PMID: 34521376 PMCID: PMC8440143 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11694-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to investigate bidirectional associations between (prolonged) sitting time and sleep duration in 12- to 14-year-old adolescents using a between-subjects and within-subjects analyses approach. Methods Observational data were used from 108 adolescents (53% girls; mean age 12.9 (SD 0.7) years) from six schools in Flanders, Belgium. The Axivity AX3 triaxial accelerometer, worn on the thigh, was used to assess daily total sitting time and daily time spent in sedentary bouts of ≥30 min (as a proxy for prolonged sitting time). The Fitbit Charge 3 was used to assess nightly sleep duration. Both monitors were worn on schooldays only (ranging from 4 to 5 days). Linear mixed models were conducted to analyse the associations, resulting in four models. In each model, the independent variable (sleep duration, sitting time or prolonged sitting time) was included as within- as well as between-subjects factor. Results Within-subjects analyses showed that when the adolescents sat more and when the adolescents spent more time sitting in bouts of ≥30 min than they usually did on a given day, they slept less during the following night (p = 0.01 and p = 0.05 (borderline significant), respectively). These associations were not significant in the other direction. Between-subjects analyses showed that adolescents who slept more on average, spent less time sitting (p = 0.006) and less time sitting in bouts of ≥30 min (p = 0.004) compared with adolescents who slept less on average. Conversely, adolescents who spent more time sitting on average and adolescents who spent more time sitting in bouts of ≥30 min on average, slept less (p = 0.02 and p = 0.003, respectively). Conclusions Based on the between-subjects analyses, interventions focusing on reducing or regularly breaking up sitting time could improve adolescents’ sleep duration on a population level, and vice versa. However, the within-subjects association was only found in one direction and suggests that to sleep sufficiently during the night, adolescents might limit and regularly break up their sitting time the preceding day. Trial registration Data have been used from our trial registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04327414; registered on March 11, 2020). Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-021-11694-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maïté Verloigne
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Veerle Van Oeckel
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ruben Brondeel
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Watersportlaan 10, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Louise Poppe
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
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15
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Yang CH, Zink J, Belcher BR, Kanning M, Dunton GF. Age-varying Bi-directional Associations Between Momentary Affect and Movement Behaviors in Children: Evidence From a Multi-wave Ecological Momentary Assessment Study. Ann Behav Med 2021; 55:918-931. [PMID: 33522571 PMCID: PMC8382146 DOI: 10.1093/abm/kaaa124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The bi-directional associations between affective states and movement behaviors (e.g., physical activity, sedentary behavior) have been observed in children. It is unclear if the strength of these bi-directional associations varies with age as children transition from childhood to adolescence. PURPOSE This multi-wave ecological momentary assessment (EMA) study investigates the acute time-varying associations between affect and movement behaviors among youth. METHODS Children (N = 195, baseline mean age = 10.72, range = 8-12 years, mean BMI-z = 0.49, 51% female) participated in a six-wave EMA study across three years. Each EMA survey captured momentary positive and negative affect. Time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary time in the 15-min window before and after each EMA survey was calculated using accelerometry data. Time-varying effect models (TVEM) examined the acute bi-directional associations between momentary positive/negative affect and MVPA/sedentary time across ages 8 to 14. RESULTS Children provided 14,246 valid activity-matched EMA surveys across all waves. TVEM plots revealed that the directionality and the strength (time-varying slopes) of associations between momentary affect and activity levels vary across ages. Positive affect was associated with higher MVPA levels and lower sedentary time at younger ages, whereas negative affect linked to lower MVPA levels and more sedentary time at older ages. CONCLUSIONS The acute associations between momentary affect and (in)activity levels may vary as a function of children's age. Applying TVEM to intensive longitudinal data could provide valuable information for developing age-tailored interventions that promote healthy lifestyles among children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hsiang Yang
- Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Jennifer Zink
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, CA, USA
| | - Britni R Belcher
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, CA, USA
| | - Martina Kanning
- Department of Sports Sciences, Social and Health Sciences, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Genevieve F Dunton
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, CA, USA
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16
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Reichert M, Gan G, Renz M, Braun U, Brüßler S, Timm I, Ma R, Berhe O, Benedyk A, Moldavski A, Schweiger JI, Hennig O, Zidda F, Heim C, Banaschewski T, Tost H, Ebner-Priemer UW, Meyer-Lindenberg A. Ambulatory assessment for precision psychiatry: Foundations, current developments and future avenues. Exp Neurol 2021; 345:113807. [PMID: 34228998 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2021.113807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Precision psychiatry stands to benefit from the latest digital technologies for assessment and analyses to tailor treatment towards individuals. Insights into dynamic psychological processes as they unfold in humans' everyday life can critically add value in understanding symptomatology and environmental stressors to provide individualized treatment where and when needed. Towards this goal, ambulatory assessment encompasses methodological approaches to investigate behavioral, physiological, and biological processes in humans' everyday life. It combines repeated assessments of symptomatology over time, e.g., via Ecological Momentary Assessment (e.g., smartphone-diaries), with monitoring of physical behavior, environmental characteristics (such as geolocations, social interactions) and physiological function via sensors, e.g., mobile accelerometers, global-positioning-systems, and electrocardiography. In this review, we expand on promises of ambulatory assessment in the investigation of mental states (e.g., real-life, dynamical and contextual perspective), on chances for precision psychiatry such as the prediction of courses of psychiatric disorders, detection of tipping points and critical windows of relapse, and treatment effects as exemplified by ongoing projects, and on future avenues of how ambulatory interventions can benefit personalized care for psychiatric patients (e.g., through real-time feedback in everyday life). Ambulatory assessment is a key contributor to precision psychiatry, opening up promising avenues in research, diagnoses, prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Reichert
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Medical Faculty Mannheim, 68159 Mannheim, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany; mental mHealth Lab, Department of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76131 Karlsruhe, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany; Department of eHealth and Sports Analytics, Faculty of Sports Science, Ruhr-University Bochum (RUB), 44801 Bochum, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.
| | - Gabriela Gan
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Medical Faculty Mannheim, 68159 Mannheim, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Malika Renz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Medical Faculty Mannheim, 68159 Mannheim, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Urs Braun
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Medical Faculty Mannheim, 68159 Mannheim, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Sarah Brüßler
- mental mHealth Lab, Department of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76131 Karlsruhe, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Irina Timm
- mental mHealth Lab, Department of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76131 Karlsruhe, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Ren Ma
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Medical Faculty Mannheim, 68159 Mannheim, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Oksana Berhe
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Medical Faculty Mannheim, 68159 Mannheim, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Anastasia Benedyk
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Medical Faculty Mannheim, 68159 Mannheim, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Alexander Moldavski
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Medical Faculty Mannheim, 68159 Mannheim, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Janina I Schweiger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Medical Faculty Mannheim, 68159 Mannheim, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Oliver Hennig
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Medical Faculty Mannheim, 68159 Mannheim, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Francesca Zidda
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Medical Faculty Mannheim, 68159 Mannheim, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Christine Heim
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Institute of Medical Psychology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tobias Banaschewski
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Medical Faculty Mannheim, 68159 Mannheim, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Heike Tost
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Medical Faculty Mannheim, 68159 Mannheim, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Ulrich W Ebner-Priemer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Medical Faculty Mannheim, 68159 Mannheim, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany; mental mHealth Lab, Department of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76131 Karlsruhe, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Medical Faculty Mannheim, 68159 Mannheim, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany.
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17
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Do B, Mason TB, Yi L, Yang CH, Dunton GF. Momentary associations between stress and physical activity among children using ecological momentary assessment. PSYCHOLOGY OF SPORT AND EXERCISE 2021; 55:101935. [PMID: 33841048 PMCID: PMC8031470 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2021.101935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Chronic and acute stress may have a detrimental effect on children's physical activity. Research on stress as a predictor of children's physical activity has mostly focused on stress between children, rather than how children's within-day variation in stress may predict physical activity. The current study assessed the within- and between-effects of stress on subsequent physical activity in three different time windows using ecological momentary assessment (EMA) and accelerometry. Children (N = 190; MBaseline Age =10.1±0.9, 53% female, 56% self-identified Hispanic/Latino) completed six semi-annual assessment bursts across three years. During each burst, participants responded to up to seven (weekend) or three (weekday) randomly prompted EMA surveys on smartphones for seven days and wore a waist-worn accelerometer. Multi-level structural equation modeling examined within- and between-subjects effects of stress as a predictor of children's subsequent moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in the 15, 30, and 60 minutes following the EMA prompt. Latent variables were created for within- and between-subjects stress were comprised of three EMA stress items. Higher than average levels of stress (within-subjects) significantly predicted lower MVPA in the subsequent 15, 30 and 60 minutes (ps < .05). Between-subjects stress was not significantly associated with subsequent MVPA (ps > .05). Results indicate that elevated momentary stress predicts less subsequent MVPA. These findings suggest that within-day fluctuations in stress may be a barrier for children engaging in physical activity. Childhood physical activity promotion and interventions should consider the role of children's stress, aim to reduce the stress children experience throughout the day, and incorporate stress coping strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridgette Do
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA
| | - Tyler B. Mason
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA
| | - Li Yi
- Spatial Sciences Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089 USA
| | - Chih-Hsiang Yang
- Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Genevieve F. Dunton
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
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18
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Vetrovsky T, Omcirk D, Malecek J, Stastny P, Steffl M, Tufano JJ. Morning fatigue and structured exercise interact to affect non-exercise physical activity of fit and healthy older adults. BMC Geriatr 2021; 21:179. [PMID: 33711945 PMCID: PMC7953813 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-021-02131-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Exercise training is crucial for maintaining physical and mental health in aging populations. However, as people participate in structured exercise training, they tend to behaviorally compensate by decreasing their non-exercise physical activity, thus potentially blunting the benefits of the training program. Furthermore, physical activity of older adults is substantially influenced by physical feelings such as fatigue. Nevertheless, how older people react to day-to-day fluctuations of fatigue and whether fatigue plays a role in non-exercise physical activity compensation is not known. Thus, the purpose of this study was twofold: (1) To explore whether the volume and intensity of habitual physical activity in older adults were affected by morning fatigue. (2) To investigate the effect of attending power and resistance exercise sessions on the levels of non-exercise physical activity later that day and the following day. Methods Twenty-eight older adults wore an accelerometer during a 4-week low-volume, low-intensity resistance and power training program with three exercise sessions per week and for 3 weeks preceding and 1 week following the program. During the same period, the participants were prompted every morning, using text messages, to rate their momentary fatigue on a scale from 0 to 10. Results Greater morning fatigue was associated with lower volume (p = 0.002) and intensity (p = 0.017) of daily physical activity. Specifically, one point greater on the fatigue scale was associated with 3.2 min (SE 1.0) less moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. Furthermore, attending an exercise session was associated with less moderate-to-vigorous physical activity later that day by 3.7 min (SE 1.9, p = 0.049) compared to days without an exercise session. During the next day, the volume of physical activity was greater, but only in participants with a body mass index up to 23 (p = 0.008). Conclusions Following low-volume exercise sessions, fit and healthy older adults decreased their non-exercise physical activity later that day, but this compensation did not carry over into the next day. As momentary morning fatigue negatively affects daily physical activity, we suggest that the state level of fatigue should be monitored during intensive exercise programs, especially in less fit older adults with increased fatigability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Vetrovsky
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Charles University, Prague, Jose Martiho 269/31, 162 52, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Dan Omcirk
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Charles University, Prague, Jose Martiho 269/31, 162 52, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Malecek
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Charles University, Prague, Jose Martiho 269/31, 162 52, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Stastny
- Department of Sport Games, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Steffl
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Charles University, Prague, Jose Martiho 269/31, 162 52, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - James J Tufano
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Charles University, Prague, Jose Martiho 269/31, 162 52, Prague, Czech Republic
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19
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Koch ED, Tost H, Braun U, Gan G, Giurgiu M, Reinhard I, Zipf A, Meyer-Lindenberg A, Ebner-Priemer UW, Reichert M. Relationships between incidental physical activity, exercise, and sports with subsequent mood in adolescents. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2021; 30:2234-2250. [PMID: 33448493 DOI: 10.1111/sms.13774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Physical activity is beneficial for human physical health and well-being. Accordingly, the association between physical activity and mood in everyday life has been a subject of several Ambulatory Assessment studies. This mechanism has been studied in children, adults, and the elderly, but neglected in adolescents. It is critical to examine this mechanism in adolescents because adolescence plays a key role in human development and adolescents' physical activity behavior translates into their behavior in adulthood. We investigated adolescents' mood in relation to distinct physical activities: incidental activity such as climbing stairs; exercise activity, such as skating; and sports, such as playing soccer. We equipped 134 adolescents aged 12-17 years with accelerometers and GPS-triggered electronic diaries to use in their everyday life. Adolescents reported on mood repeatedly in real time across 7 days, and these data were analyzed using multilevel-modeling. After incidental activity, adolescents felt better and more energized. After exercise, adolescents felt better but less calm. After sports, adolescents felt less energized. Analyses of the time course of the effects confirmed our findings. Physical activity influences mood in adolescents' everyday life, but has distinct effects depending on the kind of physical activity. Our results suggest incidental and exercise activities entail higher post-bout valence compared to sports in competitive settings. These findings may serve as an important empirical basis for the targeted application of distinct physical activities to foster well-being in adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena D Koch
- Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Heike Tost
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Urs Braun
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Gabriela Gan
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Marco Giurgiu
- Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Iris Reinhard
- Division of Biostatistics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Central Institute of Mental Health, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Alexander Zipf
- GIScience Research Group, Institute of Geography, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Ulrich W Ebner-Priemer
- Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Markus Reichert
- Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
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20
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Bartels SL, van Knippenberg RJM, Köhler S, Ponds RW, Myin-Germeys I, Verhey FRJ, de Vugt ME. The necessity for sustainable intervention effects: lessons-learned from an experience sampling intervention for spousal carers of people with dementia. Aging Ment Health 2020; 24:2082-2093. [PMID: 31368355 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2019.1647130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Caring for a person with dementia can be challenging over the years. To support family carers throughout their entire caregiving career, interventions with a sustained effectivity are needed. A novel 6-week mobile health (mHealth) intervention using the experience sampling method (ESM) showed positive effects on carers' well-being over a period of 2 months after the intervention. In this study, the effects after 6 months of the selfsame intervention were examined to evaluate the sustainability of positive intervention effects. METHOD The 6-week mHealth intervention consisted of an experimental group (ESM self-monitoring and personalized feedback), a pseudo-experimental group (ESM self-monitoring without feedback), and a control group (providing regular care without ESM self-monitoring or feedback). Carers' sense of competence, mastery, and psychological complaints (depression, anxiety and perceived stress) were evaluated pre- and post-intervention as well as at two follow-up time points. The present study focuses on the 6-month follow-up data (n = 50). RESULTS Positive intervention effects on sense of competence, perceived stress, and depressive symptoms were not sustained over 6-month follow-up. CONCLUSION The benefits of this mHealth intervention for carers of people living with dementia were not sustained over a long time. Similarly, other psychosocial interventions for carers of people with dementia rarely reported long-lasting effects. In order to sustainably contribute to carers' well-being, researchers and clinicians should continuously ensure flexible adjustment of the intervention and consider additional features such as ad-hoc counseling options and booster sessions. In this regard, mHealth interventions can offer ideally suited and unique opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Laureen Bartels
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology and Alzheimer Centre Limburg, School for Mental Health and Neurosciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Rosalia J M van Knippenberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology and Alzheimer Centre Limburg, School for Mental Health and Neurosciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Sebastian Köhler
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology and Alzheimer Centre Limburg, School for Mental Health and Neurosciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Rudolf W Ponds
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology and Alzheimer Centre Limburg, School for Mental Health and Neurosciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Inez Myin-Germeys
- Department of Neurosciences, Center for Contextual Psychiatry, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Frans R J Verhey
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology and Alzheimer Centre Limburg, School for Mental Health and Neurosciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Marjolein E de Vugt
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology and Alzheimer Centre Limburg, School for Mental Health and Neurosciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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21
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Reichert M, Braun U, Gan G, Reinhard I, Giurgiu M, Ma R, Zang Z, Hennig O, Koch ED, Wieland L, Schweiger J, Inta D, Hoell A, Akdeniz C, Zipf A, Ebner-Priemer UW, Tost H, Meyer-Lindenberg A. A neural mechanism for affective well-being: Subgenual cingulate cortex mediates real-life effects of nonexercise activity on energy. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:6/45/eaaz8934. [PMID: 33158875 PMCID: PMC7673710 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaz8934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Physical activity substantially improves well-being and mental health, but the underlying brain processes remain unclear. Most research concerns exercise, although the majority of everyday human behaviors, such as walking or stair climbing, are nonexercise activities. Combining neuroimaging with ecological assessment of activity and GPS-triggered smartphone diaries, we show a specific association of nonexercise activity with energy in two independent samples mediated by the subgenual part of the anterior cingulate cortex (sgACC), a key emotion regulatory site. Furthermore, energy predicted a range of mental health metrics. sgACC volume moderated humans' emotional gain from nonexercise activity in real life: Individuals with low sgACC volume, a risk factor for depression, felt less energized when inactive but benefited more from periods of high nonexercise activity. This suggests an everyday life mechanism affecting affective well-being in the general population and, if substantiated in patient samples, a risk and resilience process for mood disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Reichert
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany.
- Mental mHealth Lab, Chair of Applied Psychology, Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Urs Braun
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Gabriela Gan
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Iris Reinhard
- Division of Biostatistics, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Marco Giurgiu
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
- Mental mHealth Lab, Chair of Applied Psychology, Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Ren Ma
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Zhenxiang Zang
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Oliver Hennig
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Elena D Koch
- Mental mHealth Lab, Chair of Applied Psychology, Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Lena Wieland
- Mental mHealth Lab, Chair of Applied Psychology, Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Janina Schweiger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Dragos Inta
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Hoell
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Ceren Akdeniz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Alexander Zipf
- Institute of Geography, GIScience Research Group, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Ulrich W Ebner-Priemer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
- Mental mHealth Lab, Chair of Applied Psychology, Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Heike Tost
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
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22
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Giurgiu M, Niermann C, Ebner-Priemer U, Kanning M. Accuracy of Sedentary Behavior-Triggered Ecological Momentary Assessment for Collecting Contextual Information: Development and Feasibility Study. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2020; 8:e17852. [PMID: 32930668 PMCID: PMC7525404 DOI: 10.2196/17852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sedentary behavior has received much attention in the scientific community over the past decade. There is growing evidence that sedentary behavior is negatively associated with physical and mental health. However, an in-depth understanding of the social and environmental context of sedentary behavior is missing. Information about sedentary behavior, such as how everyday sedentary behavior occurs throughout the day (eg, number and length of sedentary bouts), where, when, and with whom it takes place, and what people are doing while being sedentary, is useful to inform the development of interventions aimed at reducing sedentary time. However, examining everyday sedentary behavior requires specific methods. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this paper is (1) to introduce sedentary behavior-triggered Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) as a methodological advancement in the field of sedentary behavior research and (2) to examine the accuracy of sedentary behavior-triggered EMA in 3 different studies in healthy adults. Moreover, we compare the accuracy of sedentary behavior-triggered EMA to simulations of random-trigger designs. METHODS Sedentary behavior-triggered EMA comprises a continuous assessment of sedentary behavior via accelerometers and repeated contextual assessments via electronic diaries (ie, an application on a smartphone). More specifically, the accelerometer analyzes and transfers data regarding body position (a sitting or lying position, or an upright position) via Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) to a smartphone in real time and triggers the deployment of questionnaires. Each time a participant spends a specified time (eg, 20 minutes) in a sedentary position, the e-diary triggers contextual assessments. To test the accuracy of this method, we calculated a percentage score for all triggered prompts in relation to the total number of bouts that could trigger a prompt. RESULTS Based on the accelerometer recordings, 29.3% (5062/17278) of all sedentary bouts were classified as moderate-to-long (20-40 minutes) and long bouts (≥ 41 minutes). On average, the accuracy by participant was 82.77% (3339/4034; SD 21.01%, range 71.00-88.22%) on the study level. Compared to simulations of random prompts (every 120 minutes), the number of triggered prompts was up to 47.9% (n=704) higher through the sedentary behavior-triggered EMA approach. Nearly 40% (799/2001) of all prolonged sedentary bouts (≥ 20 minutes) occurred during work, and in 57% (1140/2001) of all bouts, the participants were not alone. CONCLUSIONS Sedentary behavior-triggered EMA is an accurate method for collecting contextual information on sedentary behavior in daily life. Given the growing interest in sedentary behavior research, this sophisticated approach offers a real advancement as it can be used to collect social and environmental contextual information or to unravel dynamic associations. Furthermore, it can be modified to develop sedentary behavior-triggered mHealth interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Giurgiu
- Mental mHealth Lab, Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - Ulrich Ebner-Priemer
- Mental mHealth Lab, Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Martina Kanning
- Department of Sport Science, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
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23
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Wen X, An Y, Li W, Du J, Xu W. How could physical activities and sleep influence affect inertia and affect variability? Evidence based on ecological momentary assessment. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-020-00803-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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24
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Kanning M, Do B, Mason TB, Belcher BR, Yang CH, Dunton GF. Doing exercise or sport together with one's child is positively associated with mothers' momentary affect in daily life, but not with higher levels of overall physical activity. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:715. [PMID: 32430050 PMCID: PMC7236447 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-08864-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical inactivity is a widespread problem with a great need for innovative intervention concepts to overcome it. Epidemiological studies have identified working women in high-income Western countries to be at greater risk for physical inactivity. The current study included working mothers and examined within-subject associations between doing exercise/sport together with one's child and five different affective states, and with light physical activity (LPA) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). METHOD During 1 week, mothers (N = 192) completed up to eight ecological momentary assessment (EMA) surveys a day to assess momentary affect and certain situational circumstances (e.g., doing exercise/sport, being together with child). Physical activity was assessed objectively with waist-worn accelerometers. RESULTS Multilevel analysis showed that doing exercise/sport together with one's child was associated with higher positive affect and lower negative affect compared to being active alone. However, greater frequency of doing exercise/sport together with children was negatively associated with MVPA. CONCLUSION Due to the positive effect on momentary affect, combining spending time together with one's child and simultaneously doing exercise/sport might be a good strategy of pairing two relevant personal goals. However, this strategy was not associated with sufficient MVPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Kanning
- Department of Sport Science, Chair of Social and Health Sciences, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstraße 10, 78464, Constance, Germany.
| | - Bridgette Do
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Tyler B Mason
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Britni R Belcher
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Chih-Hsiang Yang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Genevieve F Dunton
- Departments of Preventive Medicine and Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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25
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Ivarsson A, Stenling A, Weman Josefsson K, Höglind S, Lindwall M. Associations between physical activity and core affects within and across days: a daily diary study. Psychol Health 2020; 36:43-58. [PMID: 32241180 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2020.1745801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of the present study was to investigate (a) if daily physical activity at the within-person level is related to four different core affects the same evening, (b) if core affects in the evening predict physical activity the following day, and (c) if physical activity predicts core affects the following day. DESIGN A total of 166 university students were asked to complete the affect and physical activity measures once a day (in the evening), for seven days. Bivariate unconditional latent curve model analyses with structured residuals were performed to investigate the relations within days and across days between the core affects and physical activity. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Core affects and physical activity. RESULTS Physical activity had positive within-day associations with pleasant-activated and pleasant-deactivated core affects and a negative within-day association with unpleasant-deactivated affective responses. There were, however, no statistically significant relations between core affects and physical activity across days. CONCLUSION These results highlight that the measurement interval might be an important factor that influences the association between core affects and physical activity behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andreas Stenling
- Umea Universitet, Umea, Sweden.,University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | | | | | - Magnus Lindwall
- University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden
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26
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Giurgiu M, Plotnikoff RC, Nigg CR, Koch ED, Ebner-Priemer UW, Reichert M. Momentary mood predicts upcoming real-life sedentary behavior. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2020; 30:1276-1286. [PMID: 32150774 DOI: 10.1111/sms.13652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Humans in the industrialized world spend a large amount of daily time in sedentary behavior. Since sedentariness negatively impacts a variety of psychophysiological outcomes, the identification of antecedents that lead to sedentary behavior is an important public health issue. In this context, mood, a central indicator for both psychological well-being and mental health, is severely understudied. To investigate whether mood dimensions influence subsequent sedentary behavior, we assessed both constructs at baseline via questionnaires and via ambulatory assessment (AA) over 5 days in 92 university employees. We continuously measured sedentary behavior using accelerometers and assessed mood repeatedly 10 times each day on smartphone diaries. We employed multiple regression analyses to analyze between-subject effects and multilevel modeling to analyze within-subject effects. Higher momentary ratings of valence (P < .05) and energetic arousal (P < .01) predicted lower amounts of subsequent sedentary behavior, whereas higher ratings of calmness (P < .01) predicted higher amounts of subsequent sedentary behavior. The context moderated the effect of energetic arousal and calmness on sedentary behavior with increased effects in the home compared to the work context. Mood significantly predicted sedentary behavior on a within-subject level but not on a between-subject level. Preliminary evidence suggests that mood regulates sedentary behavior in everyday life. Time-sensitive analyses, such as from moment to moment revealed an association between mood and sedentary behavior (within-subject), whereas analyses between different individuals revealed no associations (between-subject). These preliminary findings may inform multicomponent intervention strategies that target mood, to reduce sedentary behavior in daily life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Giurgiu
- Department of Sports and Sports Science, Mental mHealth Lab, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Ronald C Plotnikoff
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Claudio R Nigg
- Department of Sports and Sports Science, Mental mHealth Lab, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Elena D Koch
- Department of Sports and Sports Science, Mental mHealth Lab, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Ulrich W Ebner-Priemer
- Department of Sports and Sports Science, Mental mHealth Lab, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Markus Reichert
- Department of Sports and Sports Science, Mental mHealth Lab, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Karlsruhe, Germany
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27
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Mehren A, Reichert M, Coghill D, Müller HHO, Braun N, Philipsen A. Physical exercise in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder - evidence and implications for the treatment of borderline personality disorder. Borderline Personal Disord Emot Dysregul 2020; 7:1. [PMID: 31921425 PMCID: PMC6945516 DOI: 10.1186/s40479-019-0115-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A growing body of literature indicates a potential role for physical exercise in the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Suggested effects include the reduction of ADHD core symptoms as well as improvements in executive functions. In the current review, we provide a short overview on the neurophysiological mechanisms assumed to underlie the beneficial effects of exercise. Further, we review the current evidence from experimental studies regarding both acute exercise and long-term interventions in ADHD. While the positive effects observed after acute aerobic exercise are promising, very few well-designed long-term intervention studies have been conducted yet. Moreover, although exercise effects have not yet been studied in borderline personality disorder (BPD), in the end of this paper we derive hypotheses why exercise could also be beneficial for this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aylin Mehren
- 1Department of Psychology, Biological Psychology Lab, European Medical School, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Markus Reichert
- 2Department of Applied Psychology, Mental mHealth Lab, Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany.,3Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - David Coghill
- 4Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria Australia
| | - Helge H O Müller
- 5Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Niclas Braun
- 5Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Alexandra Philipsen
- 5Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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28
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Maibach M, Niedermeier M, Sudeck G, Kopp M. Erfassung unmittelbarer affektiver Reaktionen auf körperliche Aktivität. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR SPORTPSYCHOLOGIE 2020. [DOI: 10.1026/1612-5010/a000291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Zusammenfassung. Affektive Reaktionen während körperlicher Aktivität haben in den letzten Jahren vermehrtes Forschungsinteresse erfahren. In englischsprachigen Forschungsarbeiten werden vielfach die zwei Single-Item-Verfahren „Feeling Scale“ ( Hardy & Rejeski, 1989 ) und „Felt Arousal Scale“ ( Svebak & Murgatroyd, 1985 ) zur Erhebung angewendet. Für den deutschsprachigen Raum liegen bisher keine validierten Übersetzungen dieser Verfahren vor. Daher wurden 82 Personen bei einer Fahrradergometrie deutsche Übersetzungen der FS und FAS vorgelegt. Zur Prüfung der Validität wurde parallel das „Self-Assessment Manikin“-Verfahren ( Bradley & Lang, 1994 ) eingesetzt und individuelle Variationen auf Between- und Within-Person Ebene analysiert. Die Korrelationen zwischen FS und SAM Dimension Valenz ( r = .72 bis .73) sowie zwischen FAS und SAM Dimension Aktivierung ( r = .50 bis .62) waren mit den englischsprachigen Validierungsstudien vergleichbar. Auf Basis dieses Beitrags können die Möglichkeiten für die Erhebung von affektiven Reaktionen im deutschen Sprachraum erweitert werden, wobei Validierungen in weiteren Personengruppen empfehlenswert sind.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gorden Sudeck
- Institut für Sportwissenschaft, Universität Tübingen
| | - Martin Kopp
- Institut für Sportwissenschaft, Universität Innsbruck, Österreich
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29
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Foo JC, Sirignano L, Trautmann N, Kim J, Witt SH, Streit F, Frank J, Zillich L, Meyer-Lindenberg A, Ebner-Priemer U, Schilling C, Schredl M, Yamamoto Y, Gilles M, Deuschle M, Rietschel M. Association of Locomotor Activity During Sleep Deprivation Treatment With Response. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:688. [PMID: 32792995 PMCID: PMC7385277 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Disrupted circadian rhythms and sleep patterns are frequently observed features of psychiatric disorders, and especially mood disorders. Sleep deprivation treatment (SD) exerts rapid but transient antidepressant effects in depressed patients and has gained recognition as a model to study quick-acting antidepressant effects. It is of interest how locomotor activity patterns during SD might be associated with and potentially predict treatment response. The present study is an analysis of locomotor activity data, previously collected over a 24 h period, to examine the night of SD (Trautmann et al. 2018) as mood disorder patients suffering from a depressive episode (n = 78; after exclusions n = 59) underwent SD. In this exploratory analysis, the associations between response to SD, locomotor activity, and subjective mood during the 24 h period of SD were explored. Higher levels of activity overall were observed in non-responders (n = 18); in particular, non-responders moved more during the evening of SD until midnight and remained high thereafter. In contrast, activity in responders (n = 41) decreased during the evening and increased in the morning. Subjective mood was not found to be associated with locomotor activity. The window of data available in this analysis being limited, additional data from before and after the intervention are required to fully characterize the results observed. The present results hint at the possible utility of locomotor activity as a predictor and early indicator of treatment response, and suggest that the relationship between SD and locomotor activity patterns should be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerome Clifford Foo
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Lea Sirignano
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Nina Trautmann
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jinhyuk Kim
- Department of Informatics, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Stephanie H Witt
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Fabian Streit
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Josef Frank
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Lea Zillich
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ulrich Ebner-Priemer
- Department of Sport and Sport Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Claudia Schilling
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Michael Schredl
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Yoshiharu Yamamoto
- Department of Physical and Health Education, Graduate School of Education, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Maria Gilles
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Michael Deuschle
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Marcella Rietschel
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
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30
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Donati Zeppa S, Agostini D, Gervasi M, Annibalini G, Amatori S, Ferrini F, Sisti D, Piccoli G, Barbieri E, Sestili P, Stocchi V. Mutual Interactions among Exercise, Sport Supplements and Microbiota. Nutrients 2019; 12:nu12010017. [PMID: 31861755 PMCID: PMC7019274 DOI: 10.3390/nu12010017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The adult gut microbiota contains trillions of microorganisms of thousands of different species. Only one third of gut microbiota are common to most people; the rest are specific and contribute to enhancing genetic variation. Gut microorganisms significantly affect host nutrition, metabolic function, immune system, and redox levels, and may be modulated by several environmental conditions, including physical activity and exercise. Microbiota also act like an endocrine organ and is sensitive to the homeostatic and physiological changes associated with training; in turn, exercise has been demonstrated to increase microbiota diversity, consequently improving the metabolic profile and immunological responses. On the other side, adaptation to exercise might be influenced by the individual gut microbiota that regulates the energetic balance and participates to the control of inflammatory, redox, and hydration status. Intense endurance exercise causes physiological and biochemical demands, and requires adequate measures to counteract oxidative stress, intestinal permeability, electrolyte imbalance, glycogen depletion, frequent upper respiratory tract infections, systemic inflammation and immune responses. Microbiota could be an important tool to improve overall general health, performance, and energy availability while controlling inflammation and redox levels in endurance athletes. The relationship among gut microbiota, general health, training adaptation and performance, along with a focus on sport supplements which are known to exert some influence on the microbiota, will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Donati Zeppa
- Correspondence: (D.A.); (S.D.Z.); Tel.: +39-0722-303-423 (D.A.); +39-0722-303-422 (S.D.Z.); Fax: +39-0722-303-401 (D.A. & S.D.Z.)
| | - Deborah Agostini
- Correspondence: (D.A.); (S.D.Z.); Tel.: +39-0722-303-423 (D.A.); +39-0722-303-422 (S.D.Z.); Fax: +39-0722-303-401 (D.A. & S.D.Z.)
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Smartphone-Based Platform for Affect Monitoring through Flexibly Managed Experience Sampling Methods. SENSORS 2019; 19:s19153430. [PMID: 31387292 PMCID: PMC6695723 DOI: 10.3390/s19153430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The identification of daily life events that trigger significant changes on our affective state has become a fundamental task in emotional research. To achieve it, the affective states must be assessed in real-time, along with situational information that could contextualize the affective data acquired. However, the objective monitoring of the affective states and the context is still in an early stage. Mobile technologies can help to achieve this task providing immediate and objective data of the users’ context and facilitating the assessment of their affective states. Previous works have developed mobile apps for monitoring affective states and context, but they use a fixed methodology which does not allow for making changes based on the progress of the study. This work presents a multimodal platform which leverages the potential of the smartphone sensors and the Experience Sampling Methods (ESM) to provide a continuous monitoring of the affective states and the context in an ubiquitous way. The platform integrates several elements aimed to expedite the real-time management of the ESM questionnaires. In order to show the potential of the platform, and evaluate its usability and its suitability for real-time assessment of affective states, a pilot study has been conducted. The results demonstrate an excellent usability level and a good acceptance from the users and the specialists that conducted the study, and lead to some suggestions for improving the data quality of mobile context-aware ESM-based systems.
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Tost H, Reichert M, Braun U, Reinhard I, Peters R, Lautenbach S, Hoell A, Schwarz E, Ebner-Priemer U, Zipf A, Meyer-Lindenberg A. Neural correlates of individual differences in affective benefit of real-life urban green space exposure. Nat Neurosci 2019; 22:1389-1393. [DOI: 10.1038/s41593-019-0451-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Giurgiu M, Koch ED, Ottenbacher J, Plotnikoff RC, Ebner‐Priemer UW, Reichert M. Sedentary behavior in everyday life relates negatively to mood: An ambulatory assessment study. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2019; 29:1340-1351. [DOI: 10.1111/sms.13448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Giurgiu
- Department of Sports and Sports Science Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Karlsruhe Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim Heidelberg University Mannheim Germany
| | - Elena D. Koch
- Department of Sports and Sports Science Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Karlsruhe Germany
| | | | - Ronald C. Plotnikoff
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition University of Newcastle Newcastle New South Wales Australia
| | - Ulrich W. Ebner‐Priemer
- Department of Sports and Sports Science Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Markus Reichert
- Department of Sports and Sports Science Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Karlsruhe Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim Heidelberg University Mannheim Germany
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Hur J, Stockbridge MD, Fox AS, Shackman AJ. Dispositional negativity, cognition, and anxiety disorders: An integrative translational neuroscience framework. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2019; 247:375-436. [PMID: 31196442 PMCID: PMC6578598 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2019.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
When extreme, anxiety can become debilitating. Anxiety disorders, which often first emerge early in development, are common and challenging to treat, yet the underlying mechanisms have only recently begun to come into focus. Here, we review new insights into the nature and biological bases of dispositional negativity, a fundamental dimension of childhood temperament and adult personality and a prominent risk factor for the development of pediatric and adult anxiety disorders. Converging lines of epidemiological, neurobiological, and mechanistic evidence suggest that dispositional negativity increases the likelihood of psychopathology via specific neurocognitive mechanisms, including attentional biases to threat and deficits in executive control. Collectively, these observations provide an integrative translational framework for understanding the development and maintenance of anxiety disorders in adults and youth and set the stage for developing improved intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juyoen Hur
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States.
| | | | - Andrew S Fox
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis, CA, United States; California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Alexander J Shackman
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States; Neuroscience and Cognitive Science Program, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States; Maryland Neuroimaging Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States.
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L Varga N, Gaugler T, Talarico J. Are mnemonic failures and benefits two sides of the same coin?: Investigating the real-world consequences of individual differences in memory integration. Mem Cognit 2019; 47:496-510. [PMID: 30617747 PMCID: PMC6534966 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-018-0887-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Theories of reconstructive memory have long been influenced by investigations of false recognition errors, in which old/new judgements are compromised by spontaneous activation of associated but nonpresented concepts. Recent evidence similarly suggests that reconstructive memory processes (so-called memory integration) also support positive learning behaviors, such as inferential reasoning. Despite prevailing hypotheses, the question of whether a common integration process underlies these seemingly disparate mnemonic outcomes is not well understood. To address this question, young adults, recruited from two institutions, completed the Deese-Roediger-McDermott (Deese, Journal of Experimental Psychology, 58, 17-22, 1959; Roediger & McDermott, Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 21(4), 803-814, 1995) and Bransford and Franks (Cognitive Psychology, 2, 331-350, 1971) false recognition paradigms, as well as an inferential paradigm (Varga & Bauer, Memory & Cognition, 45, 1014-1027, 2017b), all of which depend on integration of related information in memory. Across two experiments, the well-established tasks were adapted such that successful memory integration resulted in the same negative outcome (i.e., false recognition; Experiment 1) or positive outcome (i.e., inferential reasoning; Experiment 2). By capturing variability in item-to-item responding within and among tasks for each person, a common memory integration process was found to elicit positive and negative consequences in paradigms that required the combination of individual units to construct a composite understanding, but only when memory for directly learned and novel, integrated items were modeled together. Furthermore, linking task-related behavior to academic performance revealed that a greater propensity to integrate factual information (but not arbitrary materials) was related to higher SAT scores. Together, these results provide evidence for domain-general and domain-specific reconstructive mechanisms and their role in supporting educational success beyond the laboratory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole L Varga
- Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- University of Texas, Austin, TX, USA.
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Schultchen D, Reichenberger J, Mittl T, Weh TRM, Smyth JM, Blechert J, Pollatos O. Bidirectional relationship of stress and affect with physical activity and healthy eating. Br J Health Psychol 2019; 24:315-333. [PMID: 30672069 PMCID: PMC6767465 DOI: 10.1111/bjhp.12355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Revised: 12/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Physical activity and healthy eating seem to be protective against experiencing stress and negative affect as well as increase positive affect. At the same time, previous studies showed that people reduce salutogenic behaviours such as physical activity and healthy eating in the face of stress and negative affect while increasing such behaviours in the context of positive affect. Due to daily fluctuations of these behaviours, the present study examined these relationships in daily life using ecological momentary assessment (EMA). Design and methods Fifty‐one university students responded to six daily prompts during 7 days via smartphone‐based EMA. Items examined stress, emotional experience, physical activity duration, and healthy eating. Results Higher stress and negative affect, as well as lower positive affect, were related to a reduction in subsequent physical activity. Higher physical activity levels, in turn, were associated with less subsequent stress and negative affect, as well as more positive affect. No such effects for stress and affect on healthy eating or vice versa were found. Conclusions Engaging in physical activity is related to better mood and less stress/negative affect over the next several hours in daily life. Prevention efforts therefore may benefit by focusing on promoting physical activity, particularly when stress/negative affect is high to ‘break the cycle’ of inactivity, stress, and negative affect. Potential effects of healthy eating might be more subtle and characterized by interindividual differences or state effects. Statement of contribution What is already known on this subject? Physical activity can reduce stress as well as negative emotions and can enhance positive emotions. People tend to eat less healthy food during stressful times, and healthy eating can increase general health. Physical activity and healthy eating have been mostly assessed separately and through retrospective methods.
What does this study add? This is an EMA study investigating bidirectional effects of stress, emotions, and salutogenic behaviour. After physical activity, people felt less stressed/negative and more positive; feeling better and less stressed resulted in more physical activity. Healthy eating was not associated with stress or emotion level and vice versa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Schultchen
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Ulm University, Germany
| | - Julia Reichenberger
- Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Salzburg, Austria.,Department of Psychology, University of Salzburg, Austria
| | - Theresa Mittl
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Ulm University, Germany
| | - Tabea R M Weh
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Ulm University, Germany
| | - Joshua M Smyth
- Department of Biobehavioral Health and Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, State College, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jens Blechert
- Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Salzburg, Austria.,Department of Psychology, University of Salzburg, Austria
| | - Olga Pollatos
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Ulm University, Germany
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Dunton GF, Leventhal AM, Rothman AJ, Intille SS. Affective response during physical activity: Within-subject differences across phases of behavior change. Health Psychol 2018; 37:915-923. [PMID: 30234350 DOI: 10.1037/hea0000644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Affective response during physical activity may be a key factor reinforcing future behavior. However, little is known about how affective responses during physical activity may differ across phases of behavior change. This study used real-time Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) to examine within-subject differences in affective response during physical activity in daily life as individuals transitioned across phases of behavior change. METHOD A sample of 115 adults (M = 41.0 years, 74% female) participated in an intensive longitudinal study with measurement bursts at 0, 6, and 12-months. Each burst consisted of 8 randomly-prompted EMA occasions per day across 4 days. EMA self-report items assessed current activity level (i.e., physical activity or nonphysical activity), and positive and negative affect. Questionnaires measured phase of behavior change (e.g., preaction [no regular physical activity], action [regular physical activity <6 months], and maintenance [regular physical activity ≥6 months]) at each burst. Three-level (Level-1 = occasion, Level-2 = burst, Level-3 = person) linear regression models tested Phase of Change (Level-2, within-subject) × Physical Activity Level (Level-1, within-subject) interactions controlling for day of week, time of day, and sex. RESULTS Positive affective response during physical activity (vs. nonphysical activity) was higher when individuals were in preaction phases (vs. action). Negative affective response during physical activity (vs. nonphysical activity) was lower when individuals were in the maintenance phase (vs. action). CONCLUSIONS Long-term maintenance of physical activity may be particularly challenging, given the lack of positive reinforcement that is thought to be needed to sustain behavior. (PsycINFO Database Record
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adam M Leventhal
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California
| | | | - Stephen S Intille
- Colleges of Computer and Information Science and Health Sciences, Northeastern University
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Schulze L, Bürkner PC, Bohländer J, Zetsche U. Cognitive control and daily affect regulation in major depression and borderline personality disorder: protocol for an experimental ambulatory assessment study in Berlin, Germany. BMJ Open 2018; 8:e022694. [PMID: 30282684 PMCID: PMC6169760 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-022694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Affective disturbances and difficulty in affect regulation are core features of major depressive disorder (MDD) as well as borderline personality disorder (BPD). Whereas depressed individuals are characterised by affective inertia, individuals with BPD are characterised by affective instability. Both groups have been found to use more maladaptive affect regulation strategies than healthy controls. Surprisingly, however, there have been hardly any studies directly comparing these two disorders to disentangle shared and disorder-specific deficits in affective dynamics and affect regulation.Furthermore, theoretical models link deficits in affect regulation to deficits in cognitive control functions. Given that individuals with MDD or BPD are both characterised by impairments in cognitive control, the present study will further examine the link between individual differences in cognitive control and disturbances in affect dynamics and regulation in the daily life of individuals with MDD or BPD. METHODS AND ANALYSES We will use a smartphone application to assess negative and positive affect as well as affect regulation strategies at eight times a day for 7 days. We will further employ four computerised tasks to assess two cognitive control functions, namely interference control and discarding irrelevant information from working memory. Our hypotheses will be tested using a multimethod approach. Power analyses determined a sample size of 159 (53 MDD, 53 BPD, 53 controls) to detect medium effect sizes. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethics approval has been obtained from the Freie Universität Berlin. Data collection started in January 2017 and will last until the end of 2018. Results will be disseminated to relevant psychotherapeutic and patient communities in peer-reviewed journals, and at scientific conferences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Schulze
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Julian Bohländer
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrike Zetsche
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Sudeck G, Jeckel S, Schubert T. Individual Differences in the Competence for Physical-Activity-Related Affect Regulation Moderate the Activity-Affect Association in Real-Life Situations. JOURNAL OF SPORT & EXERCISE PSYCHOLOGY 2018; 40:196-205. [PMID: 30176746 DOI: 10.1123/jsep.2018-0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Physical activity (PA) is positively associated with affective well-being in adults. This study investigated the moderating role of the competence for PA-related affect regulation in the PA-affect association in real-life situations. A total of 37 women and 27 men completed an ecological momentary assessment study in which the authors used accelerometers to record PA and e-diaries to collect data on affective well-being on 4 study days. They applied multilevel analyses to estimate the within-person effects of PA on affective well-being and cross-level interactions between PA (within person) and PA-related affect regulation (between persons). Results revealed cross-level interaction effects between within-person PA variations and competence for PA-related affect regulation on the affect dimensions of calmness (p < .01) and valence (p = .04). Thus, the competence for PA-related affect regulation moderates the PA-affect association in real-life situations. Therefore, individual-based PA promotion should consider these individual differences to develop tailored interventions.
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40
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Factors in the home environment associated with toddler diet: an ecological momentary assessment study. Public Health Nutr 2018. [PMID: 29526170 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980018000186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify home environment factors associated with toddler dietary behaviours using ecological momentary assessment (EMA). DESIGN Home environment and toddler's diet were assessed by mothers through EMA (random beeps over ≤8 d and a brief survey). Dietary outcomes were fruit/vegetable consumption, eating episode ('snack' v. 'meal') and sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption. Home environment factors included interacting with mother, eating alone/with others, eating in a high chair/chair at the table, watching television and movement/translocation. Multilevel logistic mixed-effects regression models assessed both within- (individual toddlers across time) and between- (toddlers-on-average) subject effects. SUBJECTS Low-income mother-toddler dyads (n 277). SETTING Urban and suburban Maryland, USA. RESULTS EMA captured eating/drinking episodes for 249/277 (89·9 %) toddlers (883 eating episodes, 1586 drinking episodes). Toddlers-on-average were more likely (adjusted OR, P value) to eat fruit/vegetables when not moving around (0·43, P=0·043), eat with the television off (0·33, P<0·001) and eat in a high chair/chair (3·38, P<0·001); no within-subject effects were shown. For eating episodes, both toddlers-on-average and individual toddlers were more likely to eat snacks when not in a high chair/chair (0·13, P<0·001 and 0·06, P<0·001, respectively) and when eating alone (0·30, P<0·001 and 0·31, P<0·001, respectively). Also, individual toddlers were more likely to eat snacks when moving around (3·61, P<0·001). Toddlers-on-average were more likely to consume SSB when not in a high chair/chair (0·21, P=0·001), eating alone (0·38, P=0·047) or during a snacking episode (v. a meal: 3·96, P=0·012); no within-subject effects shown. CONCLUSIONS Factors in the home environment are associated with dietary behaviours among toddlers. Understanding the interplay between the home environment and toddler diet can inform future paediatric dietary recommendations.
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Koch ED, Tost H, Braun U, Gan G, Giurgiu M, Reinhard I, Zipf A, Meyer-Lindenberg A, Ebner-Priemer UW, Reichert M. Mood Dimensions Show Distinct Within-Subject Associations With Non-exercise Activity in Adolescents: An Ambulatory Assessment Study. Front Psychol 2018; 9:268. [PMID: 29563889 PMCID: PMC5850094 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Physical activity is known to preserve both physical and mental health. However, the physical activity levels of a large proportion of adolescents are insufficient. This is critical, since physical activity levels in youth have been shown to translate into adulthood. Whereas in adult populations, mood has been supposed to be one important psychological factor that drives physical activity in everyday life, this issue has been poorly studied in adolescent populations. Ambulatory Assessment is the state-of-the-art approach to investigate how mood and non-exercise activity fluctuate within persons in everyday life. Through assessments in real time and real life, this method provides ecological validity, bypassing several limitations of traditional assessment methods (e.g., recall biases). To investigate whether mood is associated with non-exercise activity in adolescents, we equipped a community-based sample comprising 113 participants, aged 12–17 years, with GPS-triggered e-diaries querying for valence, energetic arousal, and calmness, and with accelerometers continuously measuring physical activity in their everyday lives for 1 week. We excluded all acceleration data due to participants' exercise activities and thereafter we parameterized non-exercise activity as the mean value across 10-min intervals of movement acceleration intensity following each e-diary prompt. We used multilevel analyses to compute the effects of the mood dimensions on non-exercise activity within 10-min intervals directly following each e-diary prompt. Additionally, we conducted explorative analyses of the time course of the effects, i.e., on different timeframes of non-exercise activity up to 300 min following the mood assessment. The results showed that valence (p < 0.001) and energetic arousal (p < 0.001) were positively associated with non-exercise activity within the 10 min interval, whereas calmness (p < 0.001) was negatively associated with non-exercise activity. Specifically, adolescents who felt more content, full of energy, or less calm were more physically active in subsequent timeframes. Overall, our results demonstrate significant associations of mood with non-exercise activity in younger ages and converge with the previously observed association between mood and physical activity in adults. This knowledge on distinct associations of mood-dimensions with non-exercise activity may help to foster physical activity levels in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena D Koch
- Mental mHealth Lab, Department of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Heike Tost
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Urs Braun
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Gabriela Gan
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Marco Giurgiu
- Mental mHealth Lab, Department of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Iris Reinhard
- Division of Biostatistics, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Alexander Zipf
- GIScience Research Group, Institute of Geography, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ulrich W Ebner-Priemer
- Mental mHealth Lab, Department of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Markus Reichert
- Mental mHealth Lab, Department of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
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Jeckel S, Sudeck G. Sport activities in daily routine. GERMAN JOURNAL OF EXERCISE AND SPORT RESEARCH 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12662-017-0469-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Bonham T, Pepper GV, Nettle D. The relationships between exercise and affective states: a naturalistic, longitudinal study of recreational runners. PeerJ 2018; 6:e4257. [PMID: 29340251 PMCID: PMC5768171 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.4257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although people generally feel more positive and more energetic in the aftermath of exercise than before, longitudinal research on how exercise relates to within-person fluctuations in affect over the course of everyday life is still relatively limited. One constraint on doing such research is the need to provide participants with accelerometers to objectively record their exercise, and pagers to capture affective reports. AIMS We aimed to develop a methodology for studying affect and exercise using only technology that participants already possess, namely GPS running watches and smartphones. Using this methodology, we aimed to characterize within-individual fluctuations in affective valence and arousal in relation to bouts of exercise, and explore possible moderators of these fluctuations. METHODS We recruited a sample of 38 recreational runners. Participants provided daily affective reports for six weeks using their smartphones. Information on their runs was harvested from their own GPS devices via an online platform for athletes. RESULTS Average valence and arousal were higher on days when the person had run than on the next day, and higher the day after a run than on the days after that. Over the course of the day of a run, valence and arousal declined significantly as the time since the run increased. Physically fitter participants had more positive valence overall, and this was particularly true when they had not run recently. There was some evidence of higher-dose (i.e., longer and faster) runs being associated with lower arousal on the next and subsequent days. Gender did not moderate associations between running and valence or arousal. DISCUSSION Our study demonstrated the potential for studying the associations between affect and exercise in a way that is precise, undemanding for participants, and convenient for researchers, using technologies that participants already own and use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Bonham
- Centre for Behaviour and Evolution, Newcastle University, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Gillian V. Pepper
- Centre for Behaviour and Evolution, Newcastle University, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Nettle
- Centre for Behaviour and Evolution, Newcastle University, Newcastle, United Kingdom
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Sonnentag S. The recovery paradox: Portraying the complex interplay between job stressors, lack of recovery, and poor well-being. RESEARCH IN ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.riob.2018.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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45
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Fredrickson BL, Boulton AJ, Firestine AM, Van Cappellen P, Algoe SB, Brantley MM, Kim SL, Brantley J, Salzberg S. Positive Emotion Correlates of Meditation Practice: A Comparison of Mindfulness Meditation and Loving-kindness Meditation. Mindfulness (N Y) 2017; 8:1623-1633. [PMID: 29201247 PMCID: PMC5704778 DOI: 10.1007/s12671-017-0735-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to uncover the day-to-day emotional profiles and dose-response relations, both within-persons and between-persons, associated with initiating one of two meditation practices, either mindfulness meditation or loving-kindness meditation. Data were pooled across two studies of midlife adults (N = 339) who were randomized to learn either mindfulness meditation or loving-kindness meditation in a six-week workshop. The duration and frequency of meditation practice was measured daily for nine weeks, commencing with the first workshop session. Likewise, positive and negative emotions were also measured daily, using the modified Differential Emotions Scale (Fredrickson, 2013). Analysis of daily emotion reports over the targeted nine-week period showed significant gains in positive emotions and no change in negative emotions, regardless of meditation type. Multilevel models also revealed significant dose-response relations between duration of meditation practice and positive emotions, both within-persons and between-persons. Moreover, the within-person dose-response relation was stronger for loving-kindness meditation than for mindfulness meditation. Similar dose-response relations were observed for the frequency of meditation practice. In the context of prior research on the mental and physical health benefits produced by subtle increases in day-to-day experiences of positive emotions, the present research points to evidence-based practices - both mindfulness meditation and loving-kindness meditation - that can improve emotional wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara L Fredrickson
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - Aaron J Boulton
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - Ann M Firestine
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - Patty Van Cappellen
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - Sara B Algoe
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | | | | | - Jeffrey Brantley
- Duke Integrative Medicine and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University
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The promise of wearable sensors and ecological momentary assessment measures for dynamical systems modeling in adolescents: a feasibility and acceptability study. Transl Behav Med 2017; 6:558-565. [PMID: 27678501 DOI: 10.1007/s13142-016-0442-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Intervention development can be accelerated by using wearable sensors and ecological momentary assessment (EMA) to study how behaviors change within a person. The purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility and acceptability of a novel, intensive EMA method for assessing physiology, behavior, and psychosocial variables utilizing two objective sensors and a mobile application (app). Adolescents (n = 20) enrolled in a 20-day EMA protocol. Participants wore a physiological monitor and an accelerometer that measured sleep and physical activity and completed four surveys per day on an app. Participants provided approximately 81 % of the expected survey data. Participants were compliant to the wrist-worn accelerometer (75.3 %), which is a feasible measurement of physical activity/sleep (74.1 % complete data). The data capture (47.8 %) and compliance (70.28 %) with the physiological monitor were lower than other study variables. The findings support the use of an intensive assessment protocol to study real-time relationships between biopsychosocial variables and health behaviors.
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Gruenenfelder-Steiger AE, Katana M, Martin AA, Aschwanden D, Koska JL, Kündig Y, Pfister-Lipp E, Allemand M. Physical Activity and Depressive Mood in the Daily Life of Older Adults. GEROPSYCH 2017. [DOI: 10.1024/1662-9647/a000172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Abstract. Empirical evidence suggests that physical activity is related to less depressive moods. However, little is known about this association in the everyday life of older adults, limiting the ecological validity of prior findings. This study examined within-person associations between physical activity and depressive mood in older adults across 7 days. Moreover, the study tested the extent to which need-fulfillment can explain this association. The sample consisted of 68 adults aged 65 to 93 years. Physical activity was assessed objectively with accelerometers, whereas need-fulfillment and depressive mood were assessed at the end of each day using self-reports. Results from multilevel analysis suggest that daily physical activity was negatively related to daily depressive mood within persons. Although need-fulfillment did not explain the association between physical activity and depressive mood, it was a statistically significant predictor of daily depressive mood and even attenuated the effect of physical activity on depressive mood to nonsignificance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marko Katana
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Switzerland
- University Research Priority Program “Dynamics of Healthy Aging”, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Annika A. Martin
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Switzerland
- University Research Priority Program “Dynamics of Healthy Aging”, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Damaris Aschwanden
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Switzerland
- University Research Priority Program “Dynamics of Healthy Aging”, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Julia L. Koska
- Institute of Psychogerontology, University of Nuremberg, Germany
- Kursana Residenz Fuerth, Germany
| | | | | | - Mathias Allemand
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Switzerland
- University Research Priority Program “Dynamics of Healthy Aging”, University of Zurich, Switzerland
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Objectively Measured Daily Physical Activity and Postural Changes as Related to Positive and Negative Affect Using Ambulatory Monitoring Assessments. Psychosom Med 2017; 79:792-797. [PMID: 28846993 PMCID: PMC5580380 DOI: 10.1097/psy.0000000000000485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to determine whether objectively measured daily physical activity and posture of sitting, standing, and sit-to-stand transitions are associated with daily assessments of affect. METHODS Participants (N = 51, 49% female) wore ActivPal accelerometers for 24 h/d for seven consecutive days. Time spent sitting, standing, and being physically active and sit-to-stand transitions were derived for each day. Participants also completed a mood inventory each evening. Multilevel models examined within- and between-person associations of daily physical activity with positive and negative affect, adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, education, and sleep duration. RESULTS Within-person associations showed that a 1-hour increase in daily physical activity was associated with a decrease in negative affect over the same day (B = -0.11, 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.21 to -0.01). Between-person associations indicated a borderline significant association between higher average daily physical activity levels and higher positive affect (B = 1.85, 95% CI = -0.25 to 3.94). There were no between- or within-person associations between sitting, standing, and sit-to-stand transitions with affect. CONCLUSIONS Promoting physical activity may be a potential intervention strategy to acutely suppress negative affective states.
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Mõttus R, Epskamp S, Francis A. Within- and between individual variability of personality characteristics and physical exercise. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN PERSONALITY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2016.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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The Lausanne-Geneva cohort study of offspring of parents with mood disorders: methodology, findings, current sample characteristics, and perspectives. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2017; 52:1041-1058. [PMID: 28396906 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-017-1382-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Studies focusing on the offspring of affected parents utilize the well-established familial aggregation of mood disorders as a powerful tool for the identification of risk factors, early clinical manifestations, and prodromes of mood disorders in these offspring. The major goals of the Lausanne-Geneva mood cohort study are to: (1) assess the familial aggregation of bipolar and unipolar mood disorders; (2) prospectively identify risk factors for mood disorders as well as their early signs and prodromes; (3) identify their endophenotypes including cognitive features, alterations in brain structure, HPA-axis dysregulation, and abnormalities of the circadian rhythm of activity. METHODS Probands with bipolar disorders, major depressive disorder, and controls with at least one child aged from 4 to 17.9 years at study intake, their offspring, as well as their spouses are invited to take part in follow-up assessments at predetermined ages of the offspring. Direct semi-structured diagnostic interviews have been used for all participants. Probands, spouses, and adult offspring also undergo neurocognitive testing, anthropomorphic measures and biochemical exams, structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging, as well as objective assessments of physical activity using accelerometers in combination with ecological momentary assessments. RESULTS Currently, our study has up to seven follow-up assessments extending over a period of 20 years. There are 214 probands and 389 offspring with one direct interview before age 18 as well as a second assessment over follow-up. Data on 236 co-parents are also available from whom 55% have been directly interviewed. First publications support the specificity of the familial aggregation of BPD and the strong influence of an early onset of the parental BPD, which amplifies the risk of developing this disorder in offspring. CONCLUSIONS Information from clinical, biological, cognitive, and behavioral measures, based on contemporary knowledge, should further enhance our understanding of mood disorder psychopathology, its consequences, and underlying mechanisms.
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