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Tabera Tsilefa S, Raherinirina A. Spatial Markov matrices for measuring the spatial dependencies of an epidemiological spread : case Covid'19 Madagascar. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:2243. [PMID: 39160542 PMCID: PMC11331806 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-19654-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This article applies a variant of the Markov chain that explicitly incorporates spatial effects. It is an extension of the Markov class allowing a more complete analysis of the spatial dimensions of transition dynamics. The aim is to provide a methodology for applying the explicit model to spatial dependency analysis. METHODS Here, the question is to study and quantify whether neighborhood context affects transitional dynamics. Rather than estimating a homogeneous law, the model requires the estimation of k transition laws each dependent on spatial neighbor state. This article used published data on confirmed cases of Covid'19 in the 22 regions of Madagascar. These data were discretized to obtain a discrete state of propagation intensity. RESULTS The analysis gave us the transition probabilities between Covid'19 intensity states knowing the context of neighboring regions, and the propagation time laws knowing the spatial contexts. The results showed that neighboring regions had an effect on the propagation of Covid'19 in Madagascar. CONCLUSION After analysis, we can say that there is spatial dependency according to these spatial transition matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefana Tabera Tsilefa
- Centre de Recherche sur l'Enseignement des Mathématiques(CREM), Ecole Normale Supérieure, Fianarantsoa, Madagascar.
| | - Angelo Raherinirina
- Centre de Recherche sur l'Enseignement des Mathématiques(CREM), Ecole Normale Supérieure, Fianarantsoa, Madagascar
- Laboratoire Informatique et Mathématiques Appliquées pour le Développement(LIMAD), University of Fianarantsoa, Fianarantsoa, Madagascar
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Jeong W, Chung W. Synergistic effects of COVID-19 pandemic and sedentary lifestyles on obesity rates among South Korean adults. Sci Rep 2024; 14:17908. [PMID: 39095535 PMCID: PMC11297276 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-68842-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Since March 2020, South Korea has implemented social distancing measures to reduce the spread of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19). These policies resulted in significant changes in the lifestyle of Korean adults, including spending more time indoors and experiencing increased sedentary time during the pandemic. This study aimed to investigate the combined influence of sedentary lifestyle and the COVID-19 pandemic on obesity rates among adults residing in South Korea. Data were obtained from the 2018-2020 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). Multiple logistic regression was used to analyze the synergistic effects of a sedentary lifestyle and COVID-19 on obesity. The prevalence of sedentary lifestyles among the participants increased from 30.4% pre-COVID-19 to 36.6% during the pandemic. Furthermore, the obesity rates were raised independently by COVID-19 (OR: 1.16, 95% CI 1.04-1.30) and by a sedentary lifestyle (OR = 1.17, 95% CI 1.04-1.31). A synergistic effect of a sedentary lifestyle and COVID-19 on obesity was identified (OR: 1.57, 95% CI 1.30-1.85). COVID-19 and a sedentary lifestyle significantly increased the risk of obesity in South Korean adults. Moreover, the combined synergistic effects of these risk factors were too substantial to be disregarded by merely summing their individual effects on obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wonseok Jeong
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Wankyo Chung
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, South Korea.
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Meza-Miranda ER, Parra-Soto SL, Durán-Agüero S, Gomez G, Carpio-Arias V, Ríos-Castillo I, Murillo AG, Araneda J, Morales G, Cavagnari BM, Nava-González EJ, Bejarano-Roncancio JJ, Núñez B, Cordón-Arrivillaga K, Mauricio-Alza S, Landaeta-Díaz L. Body weight in relation to hours of sleep, and physical activity in Latin American university students during the Covid-19 pandemic. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2024; 72:1753-1758. [PMID: 35816742 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2022.2089848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Short sleep, physical inactivity, and being locked up are risk factors for weight gain. Objective: We evaluated weight gain according to sex, age, hours of sleep and physical activity in university students from 10 Latin American countries during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Cross-sectional and multicenter study (n = 4880). Results: The average age was 22.5 ± 4.4 years. 60.2% were currently locked up. 73.6% were women, 48.2% increased their body weight, 66% reported insufficient sleep hours, and 65.9% were inactive. Women gained more weight than men (73.2%) and younger students gained more weight (85.1%). Those who had insufficient sleep hours gained most weight (67.6%). Inactive participants gained most weight (74.7%). Students who have insufficient sleep are 21% more likely to have changes in body weight compared to students who have optimal sleep. Conclusion: The increase in body weight and its risk factors during confinement should be considered as emerging from public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliana Romina Meza-Miranda
- Universidad Nacional de Asunción - Centro Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Tecnológicas, Asunción, Paraguay
| | - Solange Liliana Parra-Soto
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Samuel Durán-Agüero
- Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Ciencias para el Cuidado de la Salud, Universidad San Sebastián, Los Leones, Chile
| | - Georgina Gomez
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Costa Rica, Ciudad de San José, Costa Rica
| | - Valeria Carpio-Arias
- Grupo de Investigación en Alimentación y Nutrición Humana (GIANH), Facultad de Salud Pública, Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo, Riobamba, Ecuador
| | - Israel Ríos-Castillo
- Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Alimentación y la Agricultura (FAO), Oficina Subregional de la FAO para Mesoamérica, Ciudad de Panamá, Panamá
| | - Ana Gabriela Murillo
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Costa Rica, Ciudad de San José, Costa Rica
| | - Jacqueline Araneda
- Departamento de Nutrición y Salud Pública, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud y de los Alimentos, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Chillán, Chile
| | - Gladys Morales
- Departamento de Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
- Centro de Investigación en Epidemiología Cardiovascular y Nutricional (EPICYN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Brian M Cavagnari
- Escuela de Nutrición, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina, Caba, Argentina
| | - Edna J Nava-González
- Facultad de Salud Pública y Nutrición, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Jhon J Bejarano-Roncancio
- Departamento de Nutrición Humana, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | - Karla Cordón-Arrivillaga
- Unidad de Investigación en Seguridad Alimentaria y Nutricional (UNISAN), Escuela de Nutrición, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacia, Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala, Guatemala
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Peterlin J, Dimovski V, Colnar S, Blažica B, Kejžar A. Older adults' perceptions of online physical exercise management. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1303113. [PMID: 38379676 PMCID: PMC10878307 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1303113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The study addresses the challenges of digitally transforming physical exercises for older adults (aged more than 55 years) to be performed in virtual environments (during the COVID-19 pandemic) as a long-term proactive strategic initiative in response to the global ageing society and technological development trend. A focus group with a sample of 24 older adults and three trainers were used as part of a 3-month physical exercise pilot conducted by the Jožef Stefan Institute to identify the skills and well-being gained and identify factors that influence success with online exercises for older adults on the individual and organisational levels. First, on the individual level, communication differences were identified when comparing face-to-face exercises with online exercises. Second, on the organisational level, the study identified several challenges arising from the digital transformation of exercises (i.e., onboarding, technical, structural, isolation and motivational). Finally, recommendations are proposed to transform older adults' exercises when performed in a virtual environment. The study results can also benefit health management practices and theory in the work environment to ensure that older workers can still utilise their strengths to perform successfully while remaining healthy. Online physical exercises tailored to older adults' needs and specifications could be provided as part of corporate wellness programmes in organisations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judita Peterlin
- Unit for Management and Organisation, School of Economics and Business & MRRC UL SI-AHA University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Vlado Dimovski
- Unit for Management and Organisation, School of Economics and Business & MRRC UL SI-AHA University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Simon Colnar
- Unit for Management and Organisation, School of Economics and Business & MRRC UL SI-AHA University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Bojan Blažica
- Computer Systems Department, “Jožef Stefan” Institute & MRRC UL SI-AHA University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Anamarija Kejžar
- Faculty of Social Work UL & Unit for Management and Organisation, School of Economics and Business & MRRC UL SI-AHA University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Krishnan C, Singh S, Baba MM. Effect of work from home and employee mental health through mediating role of workaholism and work-family balance. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2024; 70:144-156. [PMID: 37712681 DOI: 10.1177/00207640231196741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current global outbreak caused by COVID-19 has produced a unique situation with severe health and financial consequences. The fast and quick global impact called for an immediate response. A key public health action was the decision to amend the law to allow employees to work from home (WFH) whenever it was possible. In response to public health restrictions to stop the spread of COVID-19, organizations quickly switched to WFH without fully comprehending the effects of continued WFH on mental and physical health. Working from anywhere and at any time has made the separation between business and personal life more difficult. These modifications may cause employees' workdays to be longer and to experience greater work-life conflict. Overwork and work addiction provide a greater risk to the public's health and can harm various facets of mental and physical health, such as depression, anxiety, and sleep difficulties. There hasn't been much research on the underlying processes that link workaholism to poor mental health, especially among Indian academics. PURPOSE There is a rise in the number of people who are worried about their mental health in academic settings. The primary purpose of this study is to determine whether academicians in India can potentially have a healthy work-family balance, which may mitigate the negative impacts of workaholism and poor mental health especially due to the Work from Home system. METHODOLOGY A population-based study was conducted on academicians (n = 456) at private and public universities in Delhi NCR, India. Workaholism, work-family balance, and mental health difficulties were all measured using self-reported scales in the study. By using path analysis, the proposed mediation model was evaluated. The survey responses had an accuracy rate of 80%. Based on the conceptual research framework, PLS-SEM path modeling is used to find the causal connection between the indicators and latent components. FINDINGS The findings indicated that workaholism has been associated with mental health in two different ways: directly and through work-family balance. The path analysis found a statistically significant relationship between work from home and mental health through workaholism and work-family balance. Increased levels of anxiety, depression, stress, headaches, exhaustion, and reduced job satisfaction were some of the mental health consequences of Work from Home. PRACTICAL IMPLICATION This study provides real-world guidance to human resource managers on how to prioritize composite-level interventions at all levels of the university to create highly satisfied employees, provide a good working environment, and improve employees' mental health. ORIGINALITY/VALUE Many researches have been done on the relationship between work-from-home and employee mental health, but relatively few have looked at how work-life balance and workaholism play a role in how work-from-home affects employees' mental health. This study fills a need in the academic and practitioner literature by investigating the relationship between work-from-home from home and employee mental health as well as the mediating function of work-family balance and workaholism with regard to Indian higher education institutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chitra Krishnan
- Symbiosis Center for Management Studies, Noida; Symbiosis International Deemed University, Pune, India
| | - Shailender Singh
- Symbiosis Center for Management Studies, Noida; Symbiosis International Deemed University, Pune, India
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Öztürk N, Öter EG, Abacıgil F, Ersungur E. Effect of an online posture exercise program during the COVID-19 pandemic on students' musculoskeletal pain and quality of life. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil 2024; 37:781-791. [PMID: 38160344 DOI: 10.3233/bmr-230279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prolonged sitting and poor posture can contribute to musculoskeletal pain and have a negative effect on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among young adults. Any prolonged posture leads to static loading of soft tissues and causes discomfort. Seated posture leads to inactivity causing an accumulation of metabolites, accelerating disk degeneration and musculoskeletal pain. Regular exercise has major contributions to the prevention and treatment of some health problems such as musculoskeletal disorders. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess the impact of online posture exercises on musculoskeletal pain and health related quality of life among university students receiving distance education during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS This randomized controlled trial involved 72 students divided into intervention (n= 35) and control (n= 37) groups. The intervention group followed an 8-week online stretching and posture exercise program. Baseline and 8-week results were measured using the SF-36 QoL Questionnaire and Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaire (CMDQ). RESULTS Students spent an average of 5.4 ± 2.5 hours daily at computers. While there was no difference between the scores of any region in the CMDQ in the control group, there was a decrease in the neck, right shoulder, left shoulder, waist, left upper leg, right lower leg, and left lower leg discomfort scores in the intervention group (p< 0.05). There was a significant difference between the intervention and control groups in the total score of SF-36 and the sub-dimensions of vitality and mental health (p< 0.05). CONCLUSION The online posture exercise program led to notable reductions in musculoskeletal pain and improvements in QoL among university students. Examining the effectiveness of online exercise programs in different age groups is important for health benefits during quarantines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazan Öztürk
- Home Patient Care Program, Söke Vocational School of Health Services, Aydin Adnan Menderes University, Söke, Aydın, Turkey
| | - Emine Gerçek Öter
- Obstetrics and Gynecologic Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Efeler, Turkey
| | - Filiz Abacıgil
- Internal Medicine Sciences, Public Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Efeler, Turkey
| | - Ecem Ersungur
- Home Patient Care Program, Söke Vocational School of Health Services, Aydin Adnan Menderes University, Söke, Aydın, Turkey
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Kim SY, Yoo DM, Min C, Bang WJ, Choi HG. Investigation of changes in the physical activity and fall experience before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Res Sports Med 2024; 32:201-212. [PMID: 35852182 DOI: 10.1080/15438627.2022.2102914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the changes in physical activity levels and the rate of falls during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Korean population. The Korean Community Health Survey (KCHS) conducted in 2019 was compared with that conducted in 2020. Simple or multiple linear regression with complex sampling was conducted to calculate the estimated value (EV) of physical activity in the 2020 group vs. the 2019 group. The odds ratio (OR) of fall histories was calculated using simple or multiple logistic regression with complex sampling for the 2020 group compared to the 2019 group. The time spent on vigorous and moderate physical activity was lower in the 2020 group than in the 2019 group (EV = -10.0, 95% CI = -12.1 to -8.0, P < 0.001 for vigorous exercise and EV = -24.0, 95% CI = -26.7 to -21.4, P < 0.001 for moderate exercise). The rate of falls was lower in the 2020 group than in the 2019 group (OR = 0.66, 95% CI = 0.62 to 0.70, P < 0.001). Vigorous and moderate exercise decreased after the COVID-19 pandemic compared to before the pandemic. The occurrence of falls was lower during the COVID-19 pandemic than in the pre-pandemic period.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Young Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Dae Myoung Yoo
- Hallym Data Science Laboratory, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea
| | - Chanyang Min
- Hallym Data Science Laboratory, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea
- Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woo-Jin Bang
- Department of Urology, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea
| | - Hyo Geun Choi
- Hallym Data Science Laboratory, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea
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Brame J, Kohl J, Centner C, Wurst R, Fuchs R, Tinsel I, Maiwald P, Fichtner UA, Sehlbrede M, Farin-Glattacker E, Gollhofer A, König D. Effects of a Web-Based Lifestyle Intervention on Physical Fitness and Health in Physically Inactive Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2847. [PMID: 37957992 PMCID: PMC10649962 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11212847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Web-based lifestyle interventions are a new area of health research. This randomized controlled trial evaluated the effectiveness of an interactive web-based health program on physical fitness and health. N = 189 healthy adults participated in a 12-week interactive (intervention) or non-interactive (control) web-based health program. The intervention provided a web-based lifestyle intervention to promote physical activity and fitness through individualized activities as part of a fully automated, multimodal health program. The control intervention included health information. Cardiorespiratory fitness measured as maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max) was the primary outcome, while musculoskeletal fitness, physical activity and dietary behavior, and physiological health outcomes were assessed as secondary outcomes (t0: 0 months, t1: 3 months, t2: 9 months, t3: 15 months). Statistical analysis was performed with robust linear mixed models. There were significant time effects in the primary outcome (VO2max) (t0-t1: p = 0.018) and individual secondary outcomes for the interactive web-based health program, but no significant interaction effects in any of the outcomes between the interactive and non-interactive web-based health program. This study did not demonstrate the effectiveness of an interactive compared with a non-interactive web-based health program in physically inactive adults. Future research should further develop the evidence on web-based lifestyle interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Brame
- Department of Sport and Sport Science, University of Freiburg, 79102 Freiburg, Germany; (J.B.)
| | - Jan Kohl
- Department of Sport and Sport Science, University of Freiburg, 79102 Freiburg, Germany; (J.B.)
| | - Christoph Centner
- Department of Sport and Sport Science, University of Freiburg, 79102 Freiburg, Germany; (J.B.)
- Praxisklinik Rennbahn, 4132 Muttenz, Switzerland
| | - Ramona Wurst
- Department of Sport and Sport Science, University of Freiburg, 79102 Freiburg, Germany; (J.B.)
| | - Reinhard Fuchs
- Department of Sport and Sport Science, University of Freiburg, 79102 Freiburg, Germany; (J.B.)
| | - Iris Tinsel
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, Section of Health Care Research and Rehabilitation Research, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center–University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Phillip Maiwald
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, Section of Health Care Research and Rehabilitation Research, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center–University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Urs A. Fichtner
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, Section of Health Care Research and Rehabilitation Research, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center–University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Sehlbrede
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, Section of Health Care Research and Rehabilitation Research, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center–University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Erik Farin-Glattacker
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, Section of Health Care Research and Rehabilitation Research, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center–University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Albert Gollhofer
- Department of Sport and Sport Science, University of Freiburg, 79102 Freiburg, Germany; (J.B.)
| | - Daniel König
- Centre for Sport Science and University Sports, Department of Sport Science, Division for Nutrition, Exercise and Health, University of Vienna, 1150 Vienna, Austria
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Nutritional Sciences, Division for Nutrition, Exercise and Health, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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Afzal S, Ali L, Batool A, Afzal M, Kanwal N, Hassan M, Safdar M, Ahmad A, Yang J. Hantavirus: an overview and advancements in therapeutic approaches for infection. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1233433. [PMID: 37901807 PMCID: PMC10601933 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1233433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Hantaviruses are a significant and emerging global public health threat, impacting more than 200,000 individuals worldwide each year. The single-stranded RNA viruses belong to the Hantaviridae family and are responsible for causing two acute febrile diseases in humans: Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) and hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS). Currently, there are no licensed treatments or vaccines available globally for HTNV infection. Various candidate drugs have shown efficacy in increasing survival rates during the early stages of HTNV infection. Some of these drugs include lactoferrin, ribavirin, ETAR, favipiravir and vandetanib. Immunotherapy utilizing neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) generated from Hantavirus convalescent patients show efficacy against HTNV. Monoclonal antibodies such as MIB22 and JL16 have demonstrated effectiveness in protecting against HTNV infection. The development of vaccines and antivirals, used independently and/or in combination, is critical for elucidating hantaviral infections and the impact on public health. RNA interference (RNAi) arised as an emerging antiviral therapy, is a highly specific degrades RNA, with post-transcriptional mechanism using eukaryotic cells platform. That has demonstrated efficacy against a wide range of viruses, both in vitro and in vivo. Recent antiviral methods involve using small interfering RNA (siRNA) and other, immune-based therapies to target specific gene segments (S, M, or L) of the Hantavirus. This therapeutic approach enhances viral RNA clearance through the RNA interference process in Vero E6 cells or human lung microvascular endothelial cells. However, the use of siRNAs faces challenges due to their low biological stability and limited in vivo targeting ability. Despite their successful inhibition of Hantavirus replication in host cells, their antiviral efficacy may be hindered. In the current review, we focus on advances in therapeutic strategies, as antiviral medications, immune-based therapies and vaccine candidates aimed at enhancing the body's ability to control the progression of Hantavirus infections, with the potential to reduce the risk of severe disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samia Afzal
- CEMB, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Liaqat Ali
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS), Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Anum Batool
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS), Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Momina Afzal
- CEMB, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Nida Kanwal
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS), Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Atif Ahmad
- CEMB, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Jing Yang
- Wuhan Institute of Biological Products Co., Ltd., Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Bucciarelli V, Mattioli AV, Sciomer S, Moscucci F, Renda G, Gallina S. The Impact of Physical Activity and Inactivity on Cardiovascular Risk across Women's Lifespan: An Updated Review. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4347. [PMID: 37445383 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12134347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Physical inactivity (PI) represents a significant, modifiable risk factor that is more frequent and severe in the female population worldwide for all age groups. The physical activity (PA) gender gap begins early in life and leads to considerable short-term and long-term adverse effects on health outcomes, especially cardiovascular (CV) health. Our review aims to highlight the prevalence and mechanisms of PI across women's lifespan, describing the beneficial effects of PA in many physiological and pathological clinical scenarios and underlining the need for more awareness and global commitment to promote strategies to bridge the PA gender gap and limit PI in current and future female generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Bucciarelli
- Cardiovascular Sciences Department, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Anna Vittoria Mattioli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy
- National Institute for Cardiovascular Research-INRC, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Susanna Sciomer
- Department of Clinical and Internal Medicine, Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Rome 'Sapienza', Policlinico Umberto I, 49971 Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Moscucci
- Department of Clinical and Internal Medicine, Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Rome 'Sapienza', Policlinico Umberto I, 49971 Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Renda
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Sabina Gallina
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
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Moscucci F, Gallina S, Bucciarelli V, Aimo A, Pelà G, Cadeddu-Dessalvi C, Nodari S, Maffei S, Meloni A, Deidda M, Mercuro G, Pedrinelli R, Penco M, Sciomer S, Mattioli AV. Impact of COVID-19 on the cardiovascular health of women: a review by the Italian Society of Cardiology Working Group on 'gender cardiovascular diseases'. J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown) 2023; 24:e15-e23. [PMID: 36729627 PMCID: PMC10100638 DOI: 10.2459/jcm.0000000000001398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19), due to coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, presents with an extremely heterogeneous spectrum of symptoms and signs. COVID-19 susceptibility and mortality show a significant sex imbalance, with men being more prone to infection and showing a higher rate of hospitalization and mortality than women. In particular, cardiovascular diseases (preexistent or arising upon infection) play a central role in COVID-19 outcomes, differently in men and women. This review will discuss the potential mechanisms accounting for sex/gender influence in vulnerability to COVID-19. Such variability can be ascribed to both sex-related biological factors and sex-related behavioural traits. Sex differences in cardiovascular disease and COVID-19 involve the endothelial dysfunction, the innate immune system and the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). Furthermore, the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is involved in disease pathogenesis in cardiovascular disease and COVID-19 and it shows hormone-dependent actions. The incidence of myocardial injury during COVID-19 is sex-dependent, predominantly in association with a greater degree of inflammation and coagulation disorders among men. Its pathogenesis is not fully elucidated, but the main theories foresee a direct role for the ACE2 receptor, the hyperimmune response and the RAS imbalance, which may also lead to isolated presentation of COVID-19-mediated myopericarditis. Moreover, the latest evidence on cardiovascular diseases and their relationship with COVID-19 during pregnancy will be discussed. Finally, authors will analyse the prevalence of the long-covid syndrome between the two sexes and its impact on the quality of life and cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Moscucci
- Department of Clinical and Internal Medicine, Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Rome ‘Sapienza’, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome
| | - Sabina Gallina
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti
| | - Valentina Bucciarelli
- Department of Paediatric and Congenital Cardiac Surgery and Cardiology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti Ancona ‘Umberto I, G. M. Lancisi, G. Salesi’, Ancona
| | - Alberto Aimo
- Cardiology Division, Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio
- Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Pisa
| | - Giovanna Pelà
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma
- Department of General and Specialistic Medicine, University-Hospital of Parma, Parma
| | | | - Savina Nodari
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia
| | - Silvia Maffei
- Cardiovascular and Gynaecological Endocrinology Unit, Fondazione G Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana
| | - Antonella Meloni
- Department of Radiology, Fondazione G Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, Pisa
| | - Martino Deidda
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari
| | - Giuseppe Mercuro
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari
| | - Roberto Pedrinelli
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa
| | - Maria Penco
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila
| | - Susanna Sciomer
- Department of Clinical and Internal Medicine, Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Rome ‘Sapienza’, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome
| | - Anna Vittoria Mattioli
- Surgical, Medical and Dental Department of Morphological Sciences Related to Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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Meena JS, Choi SB, Jung SB, Kim JW. Electronic textiles: New age of wearable technology for healthcare and fitness solutions. Mater Today Bio 2023; 19:100565. [PMID: 36816602 PMCID: PMC9932217 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Sedentary lifestyles and evolving work environments have created challenges for global health and cause huge burdens on healthcare and fitness systems. Physical immobility and functional losses due to aging are two main reasons for noncommunicable disease mortality. Smart electronic textiles (e-textiles) have attracted considerable attention because of their potential uses in health monitoring, rehabilitation, and training assessment applications. Interactive textiles integrated with electronic devices and algorithms can be used to gather, process, and digitize data on human body motion in real time for purposes such as electrotherapy, improving blood circulation, and promoting wound healing. This review summarizes research advances on e-textiles designed for wearable healthcare and fitness systems. The significance of e-textiles, key applications, and future demand expectations are addressed in this review. Various health conditions and fitness problems and possible solutions involving the use of multifunctional interactive garments are discussed. A brief discussion of essential materials and basic procedures used to fabricate wearable e-textiles are included. Finally, the current challenges, possible solutions, opportunities, and future perspectives in the area of smart textiles are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagan Singh Meena
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Technology, Core Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Bin Choi
- Department of Smart Fab Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Boo Jung
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Woong Kim
- Department of Smart Fab Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
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13
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Scoubeau C, Carpentier J, Baudry S, Faoro V, Klass M. Body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness, and neuromuscular adaptations induced by a home-based whole-body high intensity interval training. J Exerc Sci Fit 2023; 21:226-236. [PMID: 36970125 PMCID: PMC10034507 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2023.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/objective Bodyweight exercises performed at home could be a complementary approach to improve health-related fitness in people having little spare time and during stay-at-home periods. This study then investigated body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness, and neuromuscular adaptations to a home-based, video-directed, whole-body high-intensity interval training (WB-HIIT). Methods Fourteen subjects participated to an 8-week WB-HIIT (6 females, 23 ± 1 years) and fourteen were included in a non-exercise control group (CTL; 6 females, 24 ± 4 years). All took part to pre- and post-intervention assessments of body composition, peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) and first ventilatory threshold (VT1; index of aerobic capacity), dynamic (leg press 3-repetition maximum) and isometric strength (knee extensors maximal isometric contractions with assessment of voluntary activation), and muscle endurance during an isometric submaximal contraction maintained till exhaustion. WB-HIIT consisted in 30-s all-out whole-body exercises interspaced with 30 s of active recovery. Training sessions were performed at home by means of videos with demonstration of exercises. Heart rate was monitored during sessions. Results WB-HIIT increased VO2peak (5%), VT1 (20%), leg lean mass (3%), dynamic (13%) and isometric strength (6%), and muscle endurance (28%; p < 0.05), while they did not improve in CTL. VO2peak increase was correlated (r = 0.56; p < 0.05) with the time spent above 80% of maximal heart rate during training sessions. Isometric strength increase was correlated with change in voluntary activation (r = 0.74; p < 0.01). Conclusion The home-based WB-HIIT induced concomitant cardiorespiratory fitness and neuromuscular improvements. The predominant effect was observed for aerobic capacity and muscle endurance which could improve exercise tolerance and reduce fatigability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corentin Scoubeau
- Cardio-Pulmonary Exercise Laboratory, Faculty of Motor Sciences, Université libre de Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Julie Carpentier
- Research Unit in Biometry and Exercise Nutrition, Faculty of Motor Sciences, Université libre de Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Stéphane Baudry
- Laboratory of Applied Biology and Research Unit in Applied Neurophysiology, Faculty of Motor Sciences, ULB Neuroscience Institute, Université libre de Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Vitalie Faoro
- Cardio-Pulmonary Exercise Laboratory, Faculty of Motor Sciences, Université libre de Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Malgorzata Klass
- Research Unit in Biometry and Exercise Nutrition, Faculty of Motor Sciences, Université libre de Bruxelles, Belgium
- Laboratory of Applied Biology and Research Unit in Applied Neurophysiology, Faculty of Motor Sciences, ULB Neuroscience Institute, Université libre de Bruxelles, Belgium
- Corresponding author. Research Unit in Biometry and Exercise Nutrition, Faculty of Motor Sciences, Université libre de Bruxelles, Belgium.
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14
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Geographic Variation and Risk Factor Association of Early Versus Late Onset Colorectal Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15041006. [PMID: 36831350 PMCID: PMC9954005 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The proportion of patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer (CRC) at age < 50 (early-onset CRC, or EOCRC) has steadily increased over the past three decades relative to the proportion of patients diagnosed at age ≥ 50 (late-onset CRC, or LOCRC), despite the reduction in CRC incidence overall. An important gap in the literature is whether EOCRC shares the same community-level risk factors as LOCRC. Thus, we sought to (1) identify disparities in the incidence rates of EOCRC and LOCRC using geospatial analysis and (2) compare the importance of community-level risk factors (racial/ethnic, health status, behavioral, clinical care, physical environmental, and socioeconomic status risk factors) in the prediction of EOCRC and LOCRC incidence rates using a random forest machine learning approach. The incidence data came from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program (years 2000-2019). The geospatial analysis revealed large geographic variations in EOCRC and LOCRC incidence rates. For example, some regions had relatively low LOCRC and high EOCRC rates (e.g., Georgia and eastern Texas) while others had relatively high LOCRC and low EOCRC rates (e.g., Iowa and New Jersey). The random forest analysis revealed that the importance of community-level risk factors most predictive of EOCRC versus LOCRC incidence rates differed meaningfully. For example, diabetes prevalence was the most important risk factor in predicting EOCRC incidence rate, but it was a less important risk factor of LOCRC incidence rate; physical inactivity was the most important risk factor in predicting LOCRC incidence rate, but it was the fourth most important predictor for EOCRC incidence rate. Thus, our community-level analysis demonstrates the geographic variation in EOCRC burden and the distinctive set of risk factors most predictive of EOCRC.
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Andrianto A, Ardiana M, Nugraha RA, Yutha A, Khrisna BPD, Putra TS, Shahab AR, Andrianto H, Kikuko IH, Puspitasari AN, Hajjrin MR. Impact of the virtual anti-hypertensive educational campaign towards knowledge, attitude, and practice of hypertension management during the COVID-19 pandemic. World J Cardiol 2022; 14:626-639. [PMID: 36605422 PMCID: PMC9808026 DOI: 10.4330/wjc.v14.i12.626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the efforts to reduce hypertension rates in the community is through an educational campaign that refers to the NIH's National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute curricula or abbreviated as NHLBI. However, during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, one of the hardest hit areas is health promotion, and there is a significant obstacle regarding the most effective way to transfer knowledge, attitude and practice towards society without transmitting the virus.
AIM To evaluate the impact of the virtual anti-hypertensive educational campaign towards knowledge, attitude, and the practice of hypertension management in the primary care setting during the COVID-19 pandemic.
METHODS An online action research with a randomized crossover-controlled trial using a pretest-posttest control group design. The study was conducted in October 2020-April 2021. The population in this study were patients with hypertension who were treated in the Mojo primary health care setting. A purposive sampling technique was done to receive 110 participants using an online questionnaire and invitation letter.
RESULTS A total of 110 participants were included in the analysis, 55 in the intervention group and 55 in the control group. Following the Virtual Anti-Hypertensive Educational Campaign implementation, the only parameter that showed significant improvement was knowledge and attitude (P < 0.001). There is no significant change in the practice parameters (P = 0.131).
CONCLUSION The Virtual Anti-Hypertensive Educational Campaign implementation in our study population seems to be effective to improve knowledge and attitude of participants, nevertheless, this program seems to be ineffective to improve the practice of hypertension management aspect in participants. Future study with longer durations and more comprehensive programs need to be done to scrutinize the clinical impact of this program nationwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrianto Andrianto
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60286, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Meity Ardiana
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60286, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Ricardo Adrian Nugraha
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60286, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Alqi Yutha
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60286, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Bagus Putra Dharma Khrisna
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60286, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Tony Santoso Putra
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60286, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Achmad Rizal Shahab
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60286, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Henny Andrianto
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60286, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Irawati Hajar Kikuko
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60286, East Java, Indonesia
| | | | - Maltadilla Ratu Hajjrin
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60286, East Java, Indonesia
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Changes in Physical Activity and Health Indicators among Koreans during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Comparison between 2019 and 2020. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10122549. [PMID: 36554071 PMCID: PMC9777855 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10122549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to compare the changes in physical activity (PA), chronic disease, and mental health indicators of Koreans before and after the COVID-19 outbreak, using raw data from more than 400,000 representative samples from the 2019-2020 Community Health Survey by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and to explore the correlations among them. We used two-way ANOVA to analyze changes and differences in PA and obesity levels. We assessed the influence of gender and recurrent PA using chi-square tests for mental health status and chronic disease. Finally, we performed a correlation analysis to determine the relationships among PA days, mental health, and chronic disease. The results showed that, compared to the levels before the COVID-19 period, moderate-intensity (Days: 1.415~1.217; Time: 114.688~107.321) and high-intensity (Days: 0.798~0.671; Time: 112.866~106.110) PA significantly decreased in Koreans during the COVID-19 period, while low-intensity (Time: 60.305~61.735) PA increased. Before and during the COVID-19 period, men (18,436 (8.1%)~16,124 (7.0%)) performed PA more regularly than women (13,207 (5.8%)~9382 (4.1%)). Compared to the number of regular PA participants before the COVID-19 period, regular PA participants (male, female) decreased from 31,643 (13.8%) to 25,506 (11.1%) during the COVID-19 period. Compared with the levels before the COVID-19 period, the experience rates of stress (3.1%~2.6%), depression (0.8%~0.6%), HBP (3.0%~2.2%), and diabetes (1.2%~0.9%) significantly changed under different levels of conventional PA intervention. In addition, the obesity rate during the COVID-19 period (23.957) was higher than it was before COVID-19 (23.477). During the COVID-19 period, the PA of Koreans was greatly restricted, but low-intensity PA was maintained and increased. PA is an effective activity for maintaining mental health and for preventing and reducing chronic diseases. Recommendations for appropriate intensity or a combination of high-, moderate-, and low-intensity PA should be based on the health status of Koreans to help them maintain mental health and to reduce the risk of chronic diseases during COVID-19 social distancing.
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García-Suárez PC, Canton-Martínez E, Rentería I, Moura Antunes B, Machado-Parra JP, Aburto-Corona JA, Gómez-Miranda LM, Jiménez-Maldonado A. Remote, Whole-Body Interval Training Improves Muscular Endurance and Cardiac Autonomic Control in Young Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:13897. [PMID: 36360775 PMCID: PMC9657792 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192113897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is an exercise modality acknowledged to maintain physical fitness with more engagement in an active lifestyle compared with other traditional exercise models. Nevertheless, its effects on cardiac control and physical performance in an online-guided setting are not yet clarified. The present work assessed physical fitness and heart rate variability (HRV) before and after an online, home-based HIIT program in college-age students while pandemic lockdowns were in effect. Twenty university students (age: 21.9 ± 2.4 years.) that were solely enrolled in online classes were distributed into three groups: control-CON-(n = 6), 14 min of HIIT-HIIT-14-(n = 8), and 21 min of HIIT-HIIT-21-(n = 6). A maximal push-up test was employed to assess muscular endurance and performance, and resting HRV signals were collected with wireless heart rate monitors and were processed in Kubios HRV Std. (Kubios Oy, Finland). There was an increase in total push-up capacity compared to CON (p < 0.05 HIIT-21 vs. CON; p < 0.001 HIIT-14 vs. CON) after 8 weeks. A significant interaction was observed in high-frequency and low-frequency spectra ratios after the HIIT-21 intervention (p < 0.05). The current work demonstrated that either short- or mid-volume online, whole-body HIIT improves muscle strength, whereas mid-volume HIIT (HIIT-21) was the only intervention that developed a sympathovagal adaptation. This study showed promising results on muscular endurance and cardiac autonomic modulation through whole-body HIIT practice at home.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Concepción García-Suárez
- Facultad de Deportes Campus Ensenada, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Ensenada 22800, Mexico
- Department of Health, Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | - Ermilo Canton-Martínez
- Facultad de Deportes Campus Ensenada, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Ensenada 22800, Mexico
| | - Iván Rentería
- Facultad de Deportes Campus Ensenada, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Ensenada 22800, Mexico
| | - Barbara Moura Antunes
- Facultad de Deportes Campus Ensenada, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Ensenada 22800, Mexico
| | - Juan Pablo Machado-Parra
- Facultad de Deportes Campus Ensenada, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Ensenada 22800, Mexico
| | | | - Luis Mario Gómez-Miranda
- Facultad de Deportes Campus Tijuana, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Tijuana 22390, Mexico
| | - Alberto Jiménez-Maldonado
- Facultad de Deportes Campus Ensenada, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Ensenada 22800, Mexico
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Al-Hindawi A, Kumar N, Gaynor D. Exploring changes in levels and patterns of physical activity in undergraduate medical and nursing students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1042071. [PMID: 36388379 PMCID: PMC9645414 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1042071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study reports the physical activity (PA) levels among medical and nursing students at a university in Bahrain during the COVID-19 pandemic. Through self-selection sampling of an online survey, participants' data on general demographics, PA levels before and during the COVID-19 pandemic and reasons for PA changes were collected. From the 110 valid responses, 70 participants (63%) experienced a decrease in PA during the COVID-19 lockdown. Fear of contracting COVID-19 and lack of motivation were two significant reasons for reduced PA levels (p < 0.001) compared to those who did not experience a decrease in PA. Other factors significantly associated with reduced PA levels include living alone (p < 0.018) or with roommates (p < 0.006) compared to living with family. Having more time available was associated with positive changes to PA levels (p < 0.001). Significant differences in MET-min/week were seen between students who experienced increased PA (median of 1605 MET-min/week) compared to those who experienced a decrease (424 MET-min/week) or no change (1070 MET-min/week) in PA levels (p < 0.001). In conclusion, low PA levels are prevalent within medical and nursing students in Bahrain (51% reported < 600 MET-min/week), with ~2 in 3 students reporting a decrease in PA levels during the COVID-19 pandemic. Support programs and strategies to increase engagement in PA within this population are warranted.
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19
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Felipe SGB, Parreira Batista P, da Silva CCR, de Melo RC, de Assumpção D, Perracini MR. Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on mobility of older adults: A scoping review. Int J Older People Nurs 2022; 18:e12496. [PMID: 35941278 PMCID: PMC9538411 DOI: 10.1111/opn.12496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To identify the most frequent determinants of contact limitation on older adults' mobility addressed by the recommendations to mitigate mobility limitation during the COVID-19 pandemic and identify the recommendations characteristics and means of dissemination that might guide coping actions. BACKGROUND Measures for physical contact restriction were implemented to prevent COVID-19 spread. These measures directly impacted older people, reducing their mobility, especially outside home environment. Health systems worldwide need to be prepared to implement strategies to mitigate negative effects of reduced mobility in this population. DESIGN Scoping review using Arksey and O'Malley's methodological framework. METHOD Therefore, a scoping review was conducted in LILACS, CINAHL, MEDLINE, WEB OF SCIENCE and SCOPUS databases. Documents and reports with recommendations from government agencies were also consulted. Results were presented in a narrative synthesis based on a conceptual model of mobility proposed by Webber (The Gerontologist, 2010, 50, 443) regarding the most frequently addressed determinants, characteristics of the proposed interventions, and means of dissemination for the older person population. FINDINGS Twenty-eight studies were selected for the final sample. According to Webber's model, most articles (n = 14) presented the impacts on mobility from the perspective of physical determinants, relating this aspect to biological losses in the musculoskeletal system, and a minority assessed mobility in vital spaces, encompassing environmental (n = 3) and financial (n = 1) determinants. Also, the most frequent recommendation was that physical activity promotes maintenance of mobility and prevents the occurrence of adverse results, such as falls, fractures and functional decline. As to dissemination, digital technologies were recognised as a strategy to motivate, instruct and monitor exercise practice to increase mobility in older adults. CONCLUSION The main conditions related to the decline in mobility of older adults during COVID-19 pandemic were physical inactivity and sedentary lifestyle. The practice of physical activity is widespread and needs to be adapted according to individual needs. Finally, digital technologies are essential tools in this period, but other alternatives should also be considered for low-income seniors. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE It is hoped that the gaps identified through this scoping review can help enhance the discussion on the broader assessment of mobility in older adults and the design of interventions when contact restriction is a reality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Monica Rodrigues Perracini
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)CampinasSão PauloBrazil,Universidade Cidade de São Paulo (UNICID)São PauloSão PauloBrazil
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20
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Kostorz K, Zwierzchowska A, Ziemba M. Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Perception of Inclusion in School Education and Physical Activity Among Polish Students. Front Psychol 2022; 13:880791. [PMID: 35959029 PMCID: PMC9361868 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.880791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic impacted the lives of children and adolescents, leading to many changes in their routines, especially in education. Face-to-face physical education (PE) classes during COVID-19 were affected in organization, possibly conditioning students' participation, motivation, and learning. In the extreme conditions of the coronavirus, it may be assumed that daily physical activity became much less than before, partly because students are learning outside the school environment and PE lessons taught using remote forms do not fulfill their purpose. The aim of the study was to assess the pupil's perception of inclusion in school education during the remote learning caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and to compare the results with the control group. Moreover, the physical activity of respondents during social isolation due to the coronavirus was examined. The sample consisted of 111 pupils of both genders, aged 14–21 years. The Perceptions of Inclusion Questionnaire (PIQ) was used to measure the perception of inclusion in school education. The structure of the participants' physical activity was examined using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Long Form (IPAQ-LF) for adolescents. It was observed that the pupils' gender did not differentiate their perception of inclusion in school education. It was proved that respondents participating in research during the COVID-19 pandemic obtained statistically significantly lower results in the case of “emotional wellbeing in school” (p < 0.001; η2 = 0.07) but a higher mean was observed in relation to “social relationships with other pupils” (p = 0.04; η2 = 0.02) than the control group. Girls achieved a higher mean in the case of walk Metabolic Equivalent of Task (MET) (p = 0.02; η2 = 0.06) than boys. In addition, it was observed that the recommendation of vigorous physical activities was achieved by 37.78% of boys and 34.85% of girls. In turn, 69.70% of female pupils and 77.78% of male respondents met the recommendations for medium physical activities. It was also noted that 87.88% of girls and 86.67% of boys participating in the research achieved the recommendation for total physical activities. The analysis showed negligible and low positive correlations between examined variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Kostorz
- Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
- *Correspondence: Karolina Kostorz
| | - Anna Zwierzchowska
- Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Mateusz Ziemba
- WSB University in Poznan, Faculty in Chorzow, Chorzow, Poland
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21
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Mattioli AV, Nasi M, Pinti M, Palumbo C. Teaching Gender Differences at Medical School Could Improve the Safety and Efficacy of Personalized Physical Activity Prescription. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:919257. [PMID: 35811713 PMCID: PMC9260073 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.919257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Vittoria Mattioli
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- *Correspondence: Anna Vittoria Mattioli,
| | - Milena Nasi
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Marcello Pinti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Carla Palumbo
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic, and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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22
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Herbec A, Schneider V, Fisher A, Kale D, Shahab L, Lally P. Correlates of and changes in aerobic physical activity and strength training before and after the onset of COVID-19 pandemic in the UK: findings from the HEBECO study. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e054029. [PMID: 35732391 PMCID: PMC9226469 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-054029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Understanding changes in moderate to vigorous aerobic physical activity (MVPA) and muscle-strengthening activity (MSA) at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic and their correlates (socio-demographics, health characteristics, living and exercise conditions and pre-pandemic MVPA/MSA) can inform interventions. DESIGN A cross-sectional analysis of retrospective and concurrent data on MVPA/MSA. SETTING An online survey in the UK. PARTICIPANTS 2657 adults (weighted n=2442, 53.6% women) participating in the baseline survey (29 April 2020-14 June 2020) of the HEalth BEhaviours during the COVID-19 pandemic (HEBECO) study. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES Meeting WHO-recommended levels for MVPA/MSA/both (vs meeting neither) during the first lockdown and changes in MVPA/MSA from before to since the COVID-19 pandemic following stratification for pre-pandemic MVPA/MSA. RESULTS A third of adults maintained (30.4%), decreased (36.2%) or increased (33.4%) MVPA. For MSA, the percentages were 61.6%, 18.2% and 20.2%, respectively. MVPA increased or decreased by an average of 150 min/week and 219 min/week, respectively, and MSA by 2 days/week. Meeting both MSA+MVPA recommendations since COVID-19 (vs meeting neither) was positively associated with meeting MVPA+MSA before COVID-19 (adjusted OR (aOR)=16.11, 95% CI 11.24 to 23.07) and education: post-16 years of age (aOR=1.57, 95% CI 1.14 to 2.17), and negatively associated with having obesity (aOR=0.49, 95% CI 0.33 to 0.73), older age (65+ years vs ≤34 years; aOR=0.53, 95% CI 0.32 to 0.87) and annual household income of <50 000 GBP (aOR=0.65, 95% CI 0.46 to 0.91). The odds for decreasing MVPA were lower for white ethnicity (aOR=0.62, 95% CI 0.44 to 0.86), education: post-16 years of age (aOR=0.73, 95% CI 0.58 to 0.91) and access to garden/balcony (aOR=0.75, 95% CI 0.60 to 0.94), and were higher for those living in total isolation (aOR=3.81, 95% CI 2.33 to 6.23), with deteriorated psychological well-being (aOR=1.40, 95% CI 1.15 to 1.71) and conditions limiting physical activity (aOR=1.74, 95% CI 1.27 to 2.39). The odds for decreasing MSA were higher for having overweight (aOR=1.88, 95% CI 1.39 to 2.55), obesity (aOR=23.38, 95% CI 2.23 to 5.14) and being employed (aOR=1.81, 95% CI 1.34 to 2.46). CONCLUSION Aerobic and strength training were differently impacted during the first UK lockdown, with poorer outcomes associated with older age, lower education and higher body mass index. Targeted interventions may be required to avoid pandemic-related inequities in physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Herbec
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, UK
- Institute - European Observatory of Health Inequalities, Calisia University, Kalisz, Poland
| | - Verena Schneider
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Abigail Fisher
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Dimitra Kale
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Lion Shahab
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Phillippa Lally
- Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, UK
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23
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García-Suárez PC, Aburto-Corona JA, Rentería I, Gómez-Miranda LM, Moncada-Jiménez J, Lira FS, Antunes BM, Jiménez-Maldonado A. Short-Term High-Intensity Circuit Training Does Not Modify Resting Heart Rate Variability in Adults during the COVID-19 Confinement. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:7367. [PMID: 35742615 PMCID: PMC9224508 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19127367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE The quarantine caused by the COVID-19 pandemic increased sedentary behavior, psychological stress, and sleep disturbances in the population favoring the installation of alterations in the cardiovascular system. In this sense, physical exercise has widely been suggested as an efficient treatment to improve health. The current study determined the impact of short-term high-intensity circuit training (HICT) on resting heart rate variability (HRV) in adults. METHODS Nine healthy participants (age: 31.9 ± 4.4 yr.) performed 36 HICT sessions (3 times per day; 3 days per week) and four participants (age: 29.5 ± 1.7 yr.) were assigned to a control group. The HICT consisted of 12 min of whole-body exercises performed during a workout. Twenty-four hours before and after the exercise program, HRV parameters were recorded. RESULTS The heart rate exercise during the last session trended to be lower when compared with the first HICT session (p = 0.07, d = 0.39, 95% CI = -13.50, 0.72). The interval training did not modify the HRV time (Mean NN, SDNN, RMSSD, NN50, pNN50) and frequency (LF, HF, LF/HF ratio, total power) domain parameters. CONCLUSION Thirty-six HICT sessions did not provide enough stimuli to modify the resting HRV in adults during social isolation elicited by the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the data suggested that exercise protocol did not induce cardio-vagal adaptations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia C. García-Suárez
- Facultad de Deportes Ensenada, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Ensenada 22890, Mexico; (P.C.G.-S.); (I.R.); (B.M.A.)
- Department of Health, Sports and Exercise Sciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | - Jorge A. Aburto-Corona
- Facultad de Deportes Tijuana, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Tijuana 22615, Mexico; (J.A.A.-C.); (L.M.G.-M.)
| | - Iván Rentería
- Facultad de Deportes Ensenada, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Ensenada 22890, Mexico; (P.C.G.-S.); (I.R.); (B.M.A.)
| | - Luis M. Gómez-Miranda
- Facultad de Deportes Tijuana, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Tijuana 22615, Mexico; (J.A.A.-C.); (L.M.G.-M.)
| | - José Moncada-Jiménez
- Human Movement Sciences Research Center (CIMOHU), University of Costa Rica, San José 1200, Costa Rica;
| | - Fábio Santos Lira
- Exercise and Immunometabolism Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Paulista State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente 19060-900, Brazil;
| | - Barbara Moura Antunes
- Facultad de Deportes Ensenada, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Ensenada 22890, Mexico; (P.C.G.-S.); (I.R.); (B.M.A.)
| | - Alberto Jiménez-Maldonado
- Facultad de Deportes Ensenada, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Ensenada 22890, Mexico; (P.C.G.-S.); (I.R.); (B.M.A.)
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24
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Coppi F, Pinti M, Selleri V, Zanini G, D'Alisera R, Latessa PM, Tripi F, Savino G, Cossarizza A, Nasi M, Mattioli AV. Cardiovascular Effects of Whole-Body Cryotherapy in Non-professional Athletes. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:905790. [PMID: 35757346 PMCID: PMC9227663 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.905790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: The study aimed to investigate changes in heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, and body temperature in non-professional trained runners during whole body cryotherapy (WBC). Methods Ten middle-distance runners received 3 once-a-day sessions of WBC. Subjects underwent BP measurements and ECG recorded before and immediately after the daily WBC session. During WBC we recorded a single lead trace (D1) for heart rhythm control. In addition, the 5 vital signs Blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, and body temperature were monitored before, during, and after all WBC session. Results We did not report significant changes in ECG main intervals (PR, QT, and QTc). Mean heart rate changed from 50.98 ± 4.43 bpm (before) to 56.83 ± 4.26 bpm after WBC session (p < 0.05). The mean systolic blood pressure did not change significantly during and after WBC [b baseline: 118 ± 5 mmHg, changed to 120 ± 3 mmHg during WBC, and to 121 ± 2 mmHg after session (p < 0.05 vs. baseline)]. Mean respiratory rate did not change during WBC as well as oxygen saturations (98 vs. 99%). Body temperature was slightly increased after WBC, however it remains within physiological values Conclusion In non-professional athletes WBC did not affect cardiovascular response and can be safely used. However, further studies are required to confirm these promising results of safety in elderly non-athlete subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Coppi
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Marcello Pinti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Valentina Selleri
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- National Institute for Cardiovascular Research—INRC, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giada Zanini
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Roberta D'Alisera
- Department of Public Healthcare, Sport Medicine Service Azienda USL of Modena, Modena, Italy
| | | | - Ferdinando Tripi
- “La Fratellanza 1874” Not-for-profit sport Association, Modena, Italy
| | - Gustavo Savino
- Department of Public Healthcare, Sport Medicine Service Azienda USL of Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Andrea Cossarizza
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Milena Nasi
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Anna Vittoria Mattioli
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- National Institute for Cardiovascular Research—INRC, Bologna, Italy
- *Correspondence: Anna Vittoria Mattioli
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25
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Ferrara M, Langiano E, Falese L, Diotaiuti P, Cortis C, De Vito E. Changes in Physical Activity Levels and Eating Behaviours during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Sociodemographic Analysis in University Students. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19095550. [PMID: 35564943 PMCID: PMC9105810 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19095550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has forced schools and universities to shift their activities online, influencing the adoption of health-related behaviours such as physical activity and healthy dietary habits. The present study investigates the changes in adherence to a healthy diet and regular physical activity in university students in Italy before and during the COVID-19 pandemic and understands the role of sociodemographic variables in creating the changes above. We conducted a repeated cross-sectional survey performing the same sampling strategy at the first data collection (T0) and second data collection (T1) with a combination of convenience and snowball sampling approaches. The sample is composed of a total of 2001 students, 60.2% women and 39.8% men, with an average age of 22.7 (±5.5 SD). At T1, 39.9% of the students reported regular physical activity. During the pandemic, however, many, especially male students, abandoned or reduced physical activity practice (T1 40%), with an increase in social media use (T0 52.1%; T1 90%). A direct association between very low frequency of physical activity and increased sedentary time (r = 0.2, p = 0.001) and between change in dietary style and increased Body Mass Index (BMI) value (r = 0.3, p = 0.002) was found. The multivariate analysis for the total sample showed that some sociodemographic variables such as gender, age, parents’ level of education, area of study, household type, and perception of one’s body influence eating behaviours and physical activity. Our findings suggest that universities should invest in the protection and promotion of the health of their students with specific awareness programmes, and further research should repeat the survey in the post-lockdown period to investigate the long-term effects on health-related behaviours.
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26
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Eime R, Harvey J, Charity M, Elliott S, Drummond M, Pankowiak A, Westerbeek H. The impact of COVID-19 restrictions on perceived health and wellbeing of adult Australian sport and physical activity participants. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:848. [PMID: 35484616 PMCID: PMC9046706 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13195-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Individuals’ access to sport and physical activity has been hampered due to COVID-19 lockdown restrictions. In Australia participation in community sport was cancelled during lockdowns. There is limited research on the impact of sport participation restrictions on the health and wellbeing of adults. Aim The aim of this study was to investigate the perceived health and wellbeing of a sample of predominantly active Australian adults, both during COVID-19 and in comparison with one year earlier (pre COVID-19). Methods A survey was conducted during the first COVID-19 restrictions and lockdowns in Australia in May–June 2020. It was distributed by national and state sporting organisations and through researchers’ social media accounts. This particular paper focuses on adults aged 18–59 years. The survey collected information on participant demographics, the sport and physical activity patterns pre- COVID-19, and health and wellbeing outcomes during COVID-19 lockdown and compared to one year earlier. The health measures were cross-tabulated against the demographic and sport and physical activity variables, and group profiles compared with chi-square tests. Scales were derived from three wellbeing questions, and group differences were analysed by t-tests and F-tests. Results The survey sample included 1279 men and 868 women aged 18–59 years. Most (67%) resided in metropolitan cities. The great majority (83%) were sport participants. During COVID-19 lockdown men were significantly more likely than women to report worse or much worse general (p = 0.014), physical (p = 0.015) and mental health (p = 0.038) and lower life satisfaction (p = 0.016). The inactive adults were significantly more likely to report poorer general health (p = 0.001) and physical health (p = 0.001) compared to active adults. The younger age cohort (18–29 years) were significantly more likely to report poorer general wellbeing (p < 0.001), and lower life satisfaction (p < 0.001) compared to the older age groups. Conclusion It seems that the absence of playing competitive sport and training with friends, teams and within clubs has severely impacted males and younger adults in particular. Sports clubs provide an important setting for individuals’ health and wellbeing which is why clubs require the capacity to deliver sport and individuals may need to regain the motivation to return.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Eime
- School of Science, Psychology and Sport, Federation University, Ballarat, Australia. .,Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Footscray, Australia.
| | - J Harvey
- School of Science, Psychology and Sport, Federation University, Ballarat, Australia.,Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Footscray, Australia
| | - M Charity
- School of Science, Psychology and Sport, Federation University, Ballarat, Australia
| | - S Elliott
- College of Education, Psychology and Social Work, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - M Drummond
- College of Education, Psychology and Social Work, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - A Pankowiak
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Footscray, Australia
| | - H Westerbeek
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Footscray, Australia
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27
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Hergenroeder A, Quinn TD, Perdomo SJ, Kline CE, Gibbs BB. Effect of a 6-month sedentary behavior reduction intervention on well-being and workplace health in desk workers with low back pain. Work 2022; 71:1145-1155. [DOI: 10.3233/wor-205178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Research suggests reducing sedentary behavior improves low back pain; however, the impact on presenteeism, health, productivity, and sleep in desk workers with chronic low back pain is not known. OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the effect of a sedentary behavior intervention on multiple dimensions of workplace health. METHODS: 24 participants with chronic low back pain and desk jobs were randomized to either a sedentary behavior reduction intervention group or control. Outcomes included a modified Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ), the Stanford Presenteeism Scale (SPS), Profile of Mood States (POMS), Health and Work Questionnaire (HWQ), SF-36 Health Survey (SF-36), and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Six-month changes in outcomes were compared across intervention groups using ANCOVA regression, adjusting for baseline values. Cohen’s d effect sizes were calculated for outcomes to explain the magnitude of group differences. RESULTS: The intervention group reported 1.5 hours/day less sitting time (p < 0.001) compared to controls at 6 months. SF-36 subscales of energy/fatigue, social functioning, and pain improved, and sleep disturbance was reduced among intervention participants. Productivity, concentration, and presenteeism were unchanged. CONCLUSIONS: A sedentary behavior reduction intervention may improve well-being and workplace health without impacting productivity and concentration in desk workers with chronic low back pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Hergenroeder
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Tyler D. Quinn
- Department of Health and Human Development, School of Education, University of Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Sophy J. Perdomo
- Department of Health and Human Development, School of Education, University of Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Christopher E. Kline
- Department of Health and Human Development, School of Education, University of Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Bethany Barone Gibbs
- Department of Health and Human Development, School of Education, University of Pittsburgh, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Bioststiatics, School of Public Health, West Virginia University, USA
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Hur YI, Huh Y, Lee JH, Lee CB, Kim BY, Yu SH, Kim JH, Kim JW, Kim HM, Lee MK, Hong JH, Choi D, Bae J, Lee KH, Kim JY. Factors Associated with Body Weight Gain among Korean Adults during the COVID-19 Pandemic. J Obes Metab Syndr 2022; 31:51-60. [PMID: 35332112 PMCID: PMC8987452 DOI: 10.7570/jomes21087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity is of grave concern as a comorbidity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We examined the factors associated with weight gain among Korean adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods We conducted an online survey of 1,000 adults (515 men and 485 women aged 20-59 years) in March 2021. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the factors associated with weight gain. The analysis was adjusted for sex, age, region, depressive mood, anxiety, eating out, late-night meals, alcohol consumption, exercise, sleep disturbance, meal pattern, subjective body image, comorbidities, marital status, living alone, and income. Results After adjusting for confounding variables, the odds for weight gain increased in the group aged 20-34 years compared with the group aged 50-59 years (1.82; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01-3.32). Women were more associated with the risk of weight gain compared with men. The odds for weight gain increased in the lack of exercise group compared with the exercise group (4.89; 95% CI, 3.09-7.88). The odds for weight gain increased in the eating-out and late-night meal groups compared with that in the groups not eating out and not having late-night meals. Individuals watching a screen for 3-6 hr/day were more associated with the risk of weight gain compared with those who rarely watched a screen. The odds for weight gain increased in participants who considered themselves obese compared with those who did not consider themselves obese. Conclusion A healthy diet and regular physical activity tend to be the best approach to reduce obesity, a risk factor for COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Im Hur
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youn Huh
- Department of Family Medicine, Uijeongbu Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Uijeongbu, Korea
| | - Jae Hyuk Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Myongji Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea
| | - Chang Beom Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Guri, Korea
| | - Bo-Yeon Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Sung Hoon Yu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Guri, Korea
| | - Jung Hwan Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Uijeongbu Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Uijeongbu, Korea
| | - Jin-Wook Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Uijeongbu Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Uijeongbu, Korea
| | - Hyun Min Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min-Kyung Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Myongji Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea
| | - Jun Hwa Hong
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Daejeon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Dughyun Choi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Jaehyun Bae
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, International St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Kun Ho Lee
- Department of Health and Exercise Management, Tongwon University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Ji Yeun Kim
- Department of Clinical Nutrition Team, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Physical and Psychological Health Behavior Changes During the COVID-19 Pandemic that May Inform Surgical Prehabilitation: a Narrative Review. CURRENT ANESTHESIOLOGY REPORTS 2022; 12:109-124. [PMID: 35194411 PMCID: PMC8855650 DOI: 10.1007/s40140-022-00520-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Purpose of Review Multimodal prehabilitation aims to improve preoperative health in ways that reduce surgical complications and expedite post-operative recovery. However, the extent to which preoperative health has been affected by the COVID-19 pandemic is unclear and evidence for the mitigating effects of prehabilitation in this context has not been elucidated. The COVID-19 pandemic has forced a rapid reorganization of perioperative pathways. Delayed diagnosis and surgery have caused a backlog of cases awaiting surgery increasing the risk of more complex procedures due to disease progression. Poor fitness and preoperative deconditioning are predictive of surgical complications and may be compounded by pandemic-related restrictions to accessing supportive services. The COVID-19 pandemic has forced a rapid reorganization of perioperative pathways. This narrative review aims to summarize the understanding of the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on preoperative health and related behaviors and their implication for the need and delivery for prehabilitation to engender improved surgical outcomes. A literature search of Medline was conducted for articles related to preoperative health, prehabilitation, and surgical outcomes published between December 1, 2020 and January 31, 2021. Additional hand searches for relevant publications within the included literature were also conducted through October 15, 2021. Recent Findings The COVID-19 pandemic, and measures designed to reduce the spread of the virus, have resulted in physical deconditioning, deleterious dietary changes, substance misuse, and heightened anxiety prior to surgery. Due to the adverse health changes prior to surgery, and often protracted waiting time for surgery, there is likely an elevated risk of peri- and post-operative complications. A small number of prehabilitation services and research programmes have been rapidly adapted or implemented to address these needs. Summary During the COVID-19 pandemic to date, people undergoing surgery have faced a triple threat posed by extended wait times for surgery, reduced access to supportive services, and an elevated risk of poor outcomes. It is imperative that healthcare providers find ways to employ evidence-based prehabilitation strategies that are accessible and safe to mitigate the negative impact of the pandemic on surgical outcomes. Attention should be paid to cohorts most affected by established health inequities and further exacerbated by the pandemic.
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Popa I, Ștefan SC, Olariu AA, Popa ȘC, Popa CF. Modelling the COVID-19 Pandemic Effects on Employees' Health and Performance: A PLS-SEM Mediation Approach. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:1865. [PMID: 35162885 PMCID: PMC8834763 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in the imposition of certain changes in the management of organizations and in the behavior and actions of employees. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of COVID-19 pandemic effects on employees' health and mental well-being, as well as on their working performance. Moreover, the paper aims to highlight whether health- and work-related stress factors mediate the above relations. For the purpose of data collection, a structured questionnaire was used. The first results of the study showed that the pandemic effects felt by employees did not directly affect their mental and physical well-being. On the other hand, the COVID-19 pandemic effects felt by employees affected their general work performance. The findings of the study may provide a useful perspective for organizations and their employees in order to adopt the most effective measures to minimize the effects generated by the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ion Popa
- Management Department, The Bucharest University of Economic Studies, 010374 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Simona Cătălina Ștefan
- Management Department, The Bucharest University of Economic Studies, 010374 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ana Alexandra Olariu
- Management Department, The Bucharest University of Economic Studies, 010374 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ștefan Cătălin Popa
- Management Department, The Bucharest University of Economic Studies, 010374 Bucharest, Romania
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Cheung WC, Ostrosky MM, Favazza PC, Stalega M, Yang HW. Exploring the Perspectives of Preschool Teachers on Implementing Structured Motor Programs in Inclusive Classrooms. EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION JOURNAL 2022; 51:361-370. [PMID: 35095255 PMCID: PMC8782699 DOI: 10.1007/s10643-021-01295-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Children with disabilities (CWD) tend to participate in fewer physical activities than typically developing children. During motor play, CWD often depend on teachers to provide direct instruction and frequent opportunities to practice motor skills, to interact with their peers, and learn new skills. To promote participation in physical activities for CWD, it is necessary to understand (a) teachers' perceptions about the importance of structured motor programs and (b) teachers' thoughts and concerns about implementing structured motor programs. The aim of this study was to understand teachers' perceptions about structured motor programs (e.g., obstacle course, bowling) and factors that may influence their motivation to implement them. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 17 teachers who taught in inclusive preschools. Interview data were transcribed and analyzed to identify key themes. The results show that the majority of participants valued structured motor programs and were aware of the benefits of implementing such programs with preschoolers. Several teachers expressed concerns about meeting the expectations of a motor program and preschoolers' challenging behaviors during such programs. Implications for practice from this study include the need to (a) provide professional development to help teachers support preschoolers with disabilities in learning motor skills and understanding how to arrange and scaffold opportunities for children to participate in physical activities and gross motor play with their typically developing peers, and (b) create quality structured motor programs to ensure that all children have access to motor learning opportunities in inclusive preschool settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- W. Catherine Cheung
- Department of Special Education, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 288 Education, 1310 South Sixth Street, Champaign, IL 61820 USA
| | - Michaelene M. Ostrosky
- Department of Special Education, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 288 Education, 1310 South Sixth Street, Champaign, IL 61820 USA
| | | | - Melissa Stalega
- Department of Educational Psychology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT USA
| | - Hsiu-Wen Yang
- Frank Porter Graham Child Development Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC USA
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Cho YG. Sedentary Behavior, Chronic Diseases, and COVID-19. Korean J Fam Med 2022; 43:1-2. [PMID: 35130634 PMCID: PMC8820963 DOI: 10.4082/kjfm.43.1e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Young Gyu Cho
- Department of Family Medicine, Inje University Seoul Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Corresponding Author: Young Gyu Cho Tel: +82-2-2270-0097, Fax: +82-2-2268-0971, E-mail:
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Kirsch M, Vitiello D. The COVID-19 Pandemic Lowers Active Behavior of Patients with Cardiovascular Diseases, Healthy Peoples and Athletes. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19031108. [PMID: 35162128 PMCID: PMC8834491 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Aim: The paper aims to describe the impact of the increasing sedentary lifestyle due to the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic restrictions in patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), healthy individuals, and athletes. Methods: A review of studies investigating the impact of the COVID-19 restrictions on patients with CVDs, healthy subjects, and athletes has been conducted in the PubMed, Medline, and Google Scholar medical databases. Results: The review highlighted the significant decrease of active behavior in patients with CVDs and mainly heart-failure patients, illustrated by a reduction of their daily steps and hours of being active during the COVID-19 pandemic. This review also enlightened a significant increase of the time spent in sedentary behavior and the sleep in healthy individuals. Finally, this review reported that the COVID-19 pandemic restrictions induced detraining periods in athletes, altering their health. These periods might also lead to a decrease of their future performances. Conclusions: Staying active and maintaining sufficient levels of physical activity during the COVID-19 pandemic are essential to preserve good health, despite the circumstances of quarantine. Alternatives such as completing a cardiac telerehabilitation for CVD patients or training at home for healthy subjects and athletes may be taken into consideration to maintain a regular active behavior in this sanitary context and potential future pandemics.
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Qadri H, Kumar S, Rafique Khan H, Yaqub A, Ullah I, Mukhtar S, Tahir MJ, Munir MU. Changes in Lifestyle, Health Practices, and Perceived Anxiety amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study Conducted on the General Population of Pakistan. Med J Islam Repub Iran 2021; 35:195. [PMID: 36060312 PMCID: PMC9399297 DOI: 10.47176/mjiri.35.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The emergence of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has created unprecedented challenges across the globe. In addition to its debilitating impacts on health, the pandemic has also resulted in sudden changes in the quality of life. Our study aims to assess and highlight the alterations in lifestyle, health practices, and perceived anxiety in amongst the Pakistani denizens during the categorical lockdown across the country. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted during April 2020 through an online self-administered questionnaire using the snowball sampling technique. The online survey included a diversified set of questions ranging from the demographics, participants' sleeping routine, physical activity, hygiene habits, daily routine, and dietary habits during the quarantine period. It also assessed their anxiety through a series of questions, stretching from their own apprehension of their mental health to their assumption regarding the uncertainty of the future. SPSS v23 was used for data analysis, and chi-square test was applied. Results: A total of 384 respondents were included in the study. The mean age of the participants was 21.26 ± 4.267 years. It was observed that 203 (52.9%) individuals spent most of their time in self-isolation on social media, and 167 (43.5%) of participants claimed to be undertaking online classes or watching television. Furthermore, half of the participants noted that their sleep duration had increased 194 (50.5%), along with increased levels of perceived anxiety 242 (63%). Conclusion: The imposed nationwide lockdown due to COVID-19 has extensively affected the daily routine of the people living in Pakistan, eliciting profound changes in their sleeping patterns, dietary habits, mental health, and physical activity. Therefore, addressing the issues that arise amidst the lockdown remains pivotal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadia Qadri
- Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Sahil Kumar
- Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Aliza Yaqub
- Bahria University Medical and Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Irfan Ullah
- Kabir Medical College, Gandhara University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Sonia Mukhtar
- University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Junaid Tahir
- Ameer-ud-Din Medical College, affiliated with University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
- Lahore General Hospital, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
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Arauz PG, García MG, Velez M, León C, Velez F, Martin B. Does treadmill workstation use affect user's kinematic gait symmetry? PLoS One 2021; 16:e0261140. [PMID: 34905578 PMCID: PMC8670710 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of treadmill workstation use on kinematic gait symmetry and computer work performance remain unclear. The purpose of this pilot study was to analyze the effects of treadmill workstation use on lower body motion symmetry while performing a typing task when compared to overground and treadmill walking. The lower body motion of ten healthy adults (6 males and 4 females) was recorded by a motion capture system. Hip, knee, and ankle joint rotations were computed and compared for each condition. Despite comparable lower body kinematic gait asymmetries across conditions, asymmetric knee flexion motions at early gait cycle were only found in treadmill workstation users (left knee significantly more flexed than the right one). This demonstrates that the interaction between walking and another task is dependent on the task cognitive content. Our findings suggest that lower body kinematic gait symmetry may be influenced by the use of treadmill workstations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Gonzalo Arauz
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Pichincha, Ecuador
| | - María-Gabriela García
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Pichincha, Ecuador
| | - Mauricio Velez
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Pichincha, Ecuador
| | - Cesar León
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Pichincha, Ecuador
| | - Francisco Velez
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Pichincha, Ecuador
| | - Bernard Martin
- Department of Industrial and Operations Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
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Jungwirth D, Weninger CA, Haluza D. Fitness and the Crisis: Impacts of COVID-19 on Active Living and Life Satisfaction in Austria. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182413073. [PMID: 34948682 PMCID: PMC8701068 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182413073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has dramatically impacted human lifestyles across the world. Lockdowns and home confinement decreased prior opportunities for everyday physical activity. To retrospectively assess how the Austrian population coped with these aspects of the crisis, we conducted a cross-sectional online survey from March to September 2021 using a structured questionnaire in German. In total, 1214 participants (56.9% females, mean age 37.0 years) living across Austria shared self-reported information on sociodemographic characteristics, indoor and outdoor physical activity, reasons for being outdoors, and life satisfaction before and after the emergence of the virus. As a result, overall indoor physical activity significantly decreased in a before–during COVID-19 crisis comparison, although exercising at home with online instructions increased by about 63%. Exercising outdoors increased overall, specifically in periurban forests and rural areas, both by about 9%. Life satisfaction decreased significantly by 19.7% (p < 0.001). Outdoor public places and natural environments gained importance due to restrictions affecting access to sport facilities. Further research is needed to evaluate benefits and therapeutic values of outdoor nature for physical and mental health in times of a global pandemic to maintain resilient societies, as it might impact future active living and life satisfaction.
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Ravens-Sieberer U, Kaman A, Otto C, Adedeji A, Napp AK, Becker M, Blanck-Stellmacher U, Löffler C, Schlack R, Hölling H, Devine J, Erhart M, Hurrelmann K. [Mental health and psychological burden of children and adolescents during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic-results of the COPSY study]. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 2021; 64:1512-1521. [PMID: 33649901 PMCID: PMC7920639 DOI: 10.1007/s00103-021-03291-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The drastic changes during the COVID-19 pandemic may have a negative impact on the psychological wellbeing of children and adolescents. OBJECTIVES COPSY is the first national, representative German study to examine mental health and quality of life of children and adolescents during the pandemic. Results are compared with data of the representative longitudinal BELLA study conducted before the pandemic. MATERIALS AND METHODS Internationally established instruments for measuring health-related quality of life and mental health (including anxiety and depressive symptoms) were administered to n = 1586 parents with 7‑ to 17-year-old children and adolescents, of whom n = 1040 11- to 17-year-olds also provided self-reports, from 26 May to 10 June 2020. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and bivariate tests. RESULTS Seventy-one percent of the children and adolescents and 75% of the parents felt burdened by the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Compared to the time before the pandemic, the children and adolescents reported a lower health-related quality of life, the percentage of children and adolescents with mental health problems almost doubled, and their health behavior worsened. Socially disadvantaged children felt particularly burdened by the COVID-19 pandemic. Two-thirds of the parents would like to receive support in coping with their child during the pandemic. CONCLUSIONS The COVID-19 pandemic poses a mental health risk to children and adolescents. Schools, doctors, and society are called to react by providing low-threshold and target-group-specific prevention and mental health promotion programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Ravens-Sieberer
- Zentrum für Psychosoziale Medizin, Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, -psychotherapie und -psychosomatik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Deutschland.
| | - Anne Kaman
- Zentrum für Psychosoziale Medizin, Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, -psychotherapie und -psychosomatik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Deutschland
| | - Christiane Otto
- Zentrum für Psychosoziale Medizin, Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, -psychotherapie und -psychosomatik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Deutschland
| | - Adekunle Adedeji
- Zentrum für Psychosoziale Medizin, Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, -psychotherapie und -psychosomatik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Deutschland
| | - Ann-Kathrin Napp
- Zentrum für Psychosoziale Medizin, Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, -psychotherapie und -psychosomatik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Deutschland
| | - Marcia Becker
- Zentrum für Psychosoziale Medizin, Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, -psychotherapie und -psychosomatik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Deutschland
| | - Ulrike Blanck-Stellmacher
- Zentrum für Psychosoziale Medizin, Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, -psychotherapie und -psychosomatik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Deutschland
| | - Constanze Löffler
- Zentrum für Psychosoziale Medizin, Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, -psychotherapie und -psychosomatik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Deutschland
| | - Robert Schlack
- Abteilung für Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsmonitoring, Fachgebiet Psychische Gesundheit, Robert Koch-Institut, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - Heike Hölling
- Abteilung für Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsmonitoring, Fachgebiet Psychische Gesundheit, Robert Koch-Institut, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - Janine Devine
- Zentrum für Psychosoziale Medizin, Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, -psychotherapie und -psychosomatik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Deutschland
| | - Michael Erhart
- Zentrum für Psychosoziale Medizin, Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, -psychotherapie und -psychosomatik, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Deutschland
- Alice Salomon Hochschule, Berlin, Deutschland
- Apollon Hochschule der Gesundheitswirtschaft, Bremen, Deutschland
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Chesterman A, de Battista M, Causse E. Effects of social position and household affordances on COVID-19 lockdown resilience and coping. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY 2021; 78:101687. [PMID: 34584327 PMCID: PMC8460355 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvp.2021.101687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In France, the COVID-19 pandemic and ensuing lockdown measures have created unprecedented circumstances that increase stress and anxiety, thus leading individuals experiencing home confinement to adopt various coping strategies that contribute to building resilience. Given the novelty and recency of the COVID-19 lockdown, factors of coping and resilience in this specific context of home confinement remain undefined. Based on some recent observations, we conducted a study on a convenience sample in France (N = 809) in order to investigate two potential factors of lockdown resilience and coping: social position and household affordances, while also exploring some complementary hypotheses based on the literature. Social position and household affordances were identified as significant predictors of lockdown coping and resilience, and low social position was found to coincide with less social support coping strategies. Results are discussed in relation to the theory and the limits identified in this study. Recommendations are made for potential second waves of COVID-19 spread or similar pandemics in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Chesterman
- i2ml Foundation, 30000 Nîmes (France) / CRP-CPO Laboratory (E.A. 7273), Picardie Jules Verne University, 80025, Amiens, France
| | - M de Battista
- i2ml Foundation, 30000 Nîmes (France) / CHROME Laboratory (E.A. 7352), Nîmes University, 30000, Nîmes, France
| | - E Causse
- CHROME Laboratory (E.A. 7352), Nîmes University, 30000, Nîmes, France
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Togni G, Puccinelli PJ, Costa T, Seffrin A, de Lira CAB, Vancini RL, Santos DDAT, Nikolaidis PT, Knechtle B, Andrade MS. Factors Associated with Reduction in Physical Activity during the COVID-19 Pandemic in São Paulo, Brazil: An Internet-Based Survey Conducted in June 2020. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:11397. [PMID: 34769910 PMCID: PMC8583209 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182111397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic negatively affected physical activity levels. This study investigated the factors associated with the change in physical activity level in Brazilians residing in the city of São Paulo. METHODS A self-administered questionnaire, addressing personal data, restriction level, education level, family income, daily working hours, and physical activity level, was answered by 2140 volunteers, of which 1179 were excluded because the answers were either incomplete or the respondents were not from São Paulo. The total number of participants selected was 961 (581 female and 380 male). RESULTS The physical activity level adopted prior to the pandemic period (p < 0.001) and family income (p = 0.001) correlated significantly with physical activity level reduction during the pandemic. The proportion of people who reduced their physical activity was greater among those who were very active than those who were active (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR]: 0.65 [confidence interval (CI): 0.52-0.80]) or insufficiently active [aPR: 0.39 (0.18-0.82)]. The proportion of people who reduced their physical activity was greater among those who received a salary less than minimum wage (MW) than those who received a salary between three to six times minimum wage [(aPR: 0.50 (CI 0.35-0.70)] or more than 6 MW [(aPR: 0.56 (CI 0.40-0.79)]. CONCLUSIONS A higher prevalence of Brazilians residing in the city of São Paulo reduced their physical activity who had a vigorous level of physical activity prior to the pandemic and who received less than a MW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Togni
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo 04021-001, Brazil; (G.T.); (P.J.P.); (T.C.); (A.S.); (M.S.A.)
| | - Paulo José Puccinelli
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo 04021-001, Brazil; (G.T.); (P.J.P.); (T.C.); (A.S.); (M.S.A.)
| | - Taline Costa
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo 04021-001, Brazil; (G.T.); (P.J.P.); (T.C.); (A.S.); (M.S.A.)
| | - Aldo Seffrin
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo 04021-001, Brazil; (G.T.); (P.J.P.); (T.C.); (A.S.); (M.S.A.)
| | - Claudio Andre Barbosa de Lira
- Human and Exercise Physiology Division, Faculty of Physical Education and Dance, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia 74690-900, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Luiz Vancini
- Center for Physical Education and Sports, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória 29075-910, Brazil;
| | | | | | - Beat Knechtle
- Institute of Primary Care, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland;
| | - Marilia Santos Andrade
- Department of Physiology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo 04021-001, Brazil; (G.T.); (P.J.P.); (T.C.); (A.S.); (M.S.A.)
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Tan J, Sesagiri Raamkumar A, Wee HL. Digital Support for Renal Patients Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Examining the Efforts of Singapore Social Service Agencies in Facebook. Front Big Data 2021; 4:737507. [PMID: 34595472 PMCID: PMC8476881 DOI: 10.3389/fdata.2021.737507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, social service agencies (SSAs) play a crucial role in supporting renal patients, who are particularly vulnerable to infections. Social media platforms such as Facebook, serves as an effective medium for these SSAs to disseminate information. Content analysis of the SSAs’ Facebook posts can provide insights on whether Facebook has been adequately utilized during the COVID-19 pandemic and enable SSAs to improve their social media use in future pandemics. This study aimed to compare renal-related SSAs’ Facebook post content before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Facebook posts of three SSAs National Kidney Foundation (NKF), Kidney Dialysis Foundation (KDF), and Muslim Kidney Action Association (MKAC), posted during the pre-COVID-19 period (January 23, 2019 to June 2, 2019) and the peri-COVID-19 period (January 23, 2020 to June 1, 2020) were extracted. A classification scheme was developed by two coders with themes derived inductively and deductively. Each Facebook post was assigned with a theme. Quantitative analyses indicate that the number of Facebook posts increased from 115 in the pre-COVID-19 period to 293 in the peri-COVID-19 period. During peri-COVID-19, posts regarding lifestyle changes, donations and infectious disease surfaced. While the proportion of posts about encouraging kindness increased from one to 77 posts, the proportion of posts about community-based events and psychosocial support decreased from 44 to 15 posts and 17 to 10 posts respectively during the two periods. Facebook was found to be well-utilized by two of the three renal SSAs in engaging their beneficiaries during the pandemic. During future pandemics, renal SSAs should place emphasis on posts related to psychosocial support and encouraging kindness. Further studies are required to ascertain the impact of COVID-19 from the perspective of renal patients and also to validate the classification scheme which was developed in this study. The study’s methodology and classification scheme can be used to guide future studies for evaluating the social media outreach performance of renal health support groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Tan
- National University of Singapore, Singapore
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Tronco Hernández YA, Parente F, Faghy MA, Roscoe CMP, Maratos FA. Influence of the COVID-19 Lockdown on the Physical and Psychosocial Well-being and Work Productivity of Remote Workers: Cross-sectional Correlational Study. JMIRX MED 2021; 2:e30708. [PMID: 34898665 PMCID: PMC8641476 DOI: 10.2196/30708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lockdowns imposed during the COVID-19 pandemic have impacted the living and working habits of millions of people, with potentially important implications for their physical, mental, and social well-being. OBJECTIVE The primary objective of this study was to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on remote workers who were not directly affected by COVID-19. METHODS This was a correlational cross-sectional study (with an additional qualitative component) of 184 remote workers surveyed during the first COVID-19 lockdown in the United Kingdom. Standard measures of mental health (Kessler-6 Distress Scale), productivity (Brief Instrument to Assess Workers' Productivity During a Working Day), and physical activity (International Physical Activity Questionnaire) were used, and respondents were further surveyed on changes to their dietary, exercise, smoking, drinking, and socialization habits to produce a well-being change index. RESULTS The results revealed associations between sedentary behavior and poorer mental health (τ b=0.14) and between poorer mental health and low work productivity (τ b=-0.39). However, both positive and negative lifestyle changes were reported; a self-reported increase in well-being (with respect to diet, exercise, smoking, alcohol consumption, and socialization) since the start of the pandemic was associated with both better mental health (τ b=-0.14) and better work productivity (τ b=0.14). Of note, among respondents without a mental health diagnosis (137/184, 74.4%), we observed rates of moderate (76/137, 55.5%) and severe (17/137, 12.4%) psychological distress, which were markedly higher than those reported in large prepandemic studies; moreover, 70.1% (129/184) of our respondents reported more sedentary behavior, 41% (69/168) increased their alcohol consumption, and 38.6% (71/184) increased their overall food intake. However, 46% (75/163), 44.8% (39/87) and 51.8% (57/110) of respondents reported spending more time walking and engaging in more moderate and vigorous exercise, respectively. Qualitative analysis revealed many positive adaptations to lockdowns (eg, decreased commuting expenses, flexibility) but also a number of structural obstacles to remote working (eg, lack of support and high expectations from employers, childcare duties). CONCLUSIONS These findings may be of practical importance for policy makers and employers in a world in which work involves long-term remote or hybrid employment arrangements; strategies to promote more sustainable remote working are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fabio Parente
- School of Psychology College of Health, Psychology and Social Care University of Derby Derby United Kingdom
| | - Mark A Faghy
- School of Human Sciences College of Science and Engineering University of Derby Derby United Kingdom
| | - Clare M P Roscoe
- School of Human Sciences College of Science and Engineering University of Derby Derby United Kingdom
| | - Frances A Maratos
- School of Psychology College of Health, Psychology and Social Care University of Derby Derby United Kingdom
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Kim JI, Yu M, Yu S, Park JH. Information and General Guidance for Healthcare Professionals in the Fourth Wave of COVID-19. J Korean Acad Nurs 2021; 51:395-407. [PMID: 34497249 DOI: 10.4040/jkan.21137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 curve seesawed and reached the fourth pandemic in July 2021. Since the first three waves, the focus has been on achieving herd immunity through vaccination while a lot of manpower is used for quarantine. However, we have not been able to prevent the fourth wave. The causes are thought to be related to people who doubt the safety of the vaccine and refuse it or violate quarantine guidelines such as social distancing. This study examined guidelines for preventing and controlling COVID-19, the accuracy of vaccination-related information, and described quarantine measures including for those who completed vaccination. In conclusion, prevention and vaccination are the most effective countermeasures against COVID-19. We recommend people vaccination with self-quarantine. Also, it is necessary to make large investments to protect and support nurses in future pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeung-Im Kim
- School of Nursing, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Mi Yu
- College of Nursing · Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Soyoung Yu
- College of Nursing, CHA University, Pocheon, Korea.
| | - Jin-Hee Park
- College of Nursing · Research Institute of Nursing Science, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea.
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44
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Agarwal P, Kaushik A, Sarkar S, Rao D, Mukherjee N, Bharat V, Das S, Saha AK. Global survey-based assessment of lifestyle changes during the COVID-19 pandemic. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0255399. [PMID: 34388151 PMCID: PMC8362972 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0255399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Along with the major impact on public health, the COVID-19 outbreak has caused unprecedented concerns ranging from sudden loss of employment to mental stress and anxiety. We implemented a survey-based data collection platform to characterize how the COVID-19 pandemic has affected the socio-economic, physical and mental health conditions of individuals. We focused on three broad areas, namely, changes in social interaction during home confinement, economic impact and their health status. We identified a substantial increase in virtual interaction among individuals, which might be a way to alleviate the sudden unprecedented mental health burden, exacerbated by general awareness about viral infections or other manifestations associated with them. The majority of participants (85%) lived with one or more companions and unemployment issues did not affect 91% of the total survey takers, which was one of the crucial consequences of the pandemic. Nevertheless, measures such as an increased frequency of technology-aided distant social interaction, focus on physical fitness and leisure activities were adopted as coping mechanisms during this period of home isolation. Collectively, these metrics provide a succinct and informative summary of the socio-economic and health impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the individuals. Findings from our study reflect that continuous surveillance of the psychological consequences for outbreaks should become routine as part of preparedness efforts worldwide. Given the limitations of analyzing the large number of variables, we have made the raw data publicly available on the OMF ME/CFS Data Center server to facilitate further analyses (https://igenomed.stanford.edu/dataset/survey-study-on-lifestyle-changes-during-covid-19-pandemic).
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Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Agarwal
- Department of Dermatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States of America
| | - Abhinav Kaushik
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research at Stanford University, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States of America
| | - Sutapa Sarkar
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, VA Palo Alto, Palo Alto, CA, United States of America
| | - Deepti Rao
- Department of Dermatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States of America
| | - Nilanjan Mukherjee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States of America
| | - Vinita Bharat
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States of America
| | - Subhamoy Das
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States of America
| | - Amit Kumar Saha
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA United States of America
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45
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McCormack GR, Doyle-Baker PK, Petersen JA, Ghoneim D. Perceived anxiety and physical activity behaviour changes during the early stages of COVID-19 restrictions in community-dwelling adults in Canada: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e050550. [PMID: 34353807 PMCID: PMC8349645 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-050550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The COVID-19 pandemic changed daily routines, including physical activity, which could influence physical and mental health. In our study, we describe physical activity and sedentary behaviour patterns in relation to the pandemic and estimate associations between anxiety and physical activity and sedentary behaviour in community-dwelling adults. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Calgary, Alberta, Canada. PARTICIPANTS Between April and June 2020, a random sample of 1124 adults (≥18 years) completed an online questionnaire. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOMES The online questionnaire captured current walking, moderate intensity, vigorous intensity and total physical activity and sedentary behaviour (ie, sitting and leisure-based screen time), perceived relative changes in physical activity, sedentary and social behaviours since the pandemic, perceived seriousness and anxiety related to COVID-19, and sociodemographic characteristics. Differences in sociodemographic characteristics, perceived relative change in behaviour and current physical activity and sedentary behaviour were compared between adults with low and high anxiety. RESULTS Our sample (n=1047) included more females (60.3%) and fewer older adults (19.2%). Most participants (88.4%) considered COVID-19 as extremely or very serious and one-third (32.9%) felt extremely or very anxious. We found no differences (p>0.05) in current physical activity or sedentary behaviour by anxiety level. The largest perceived change in behaviours included social distancing, driving motor vehicles, use of screen-based devices, watching television and interactions with neighbours. We found anxiety-related differences (p<0.05) in perceived changes in various behaviours. CONCLUSIONS Changes in physical activity, sedentary behaviour and social behaviour occurred soon after the COVID-19 pandemic was declared, and some of these changes differed among those with low and high anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gavin R McCormack
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- School of Planning, Architecture and Landscape, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Patricia K Doyle-Baker
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- School of Planning, Architecture and Landscape, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jennie A Petersen
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Brock University, Saint Catharines, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dalia Ghoneim
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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46
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Giannini DT, Tavares CM, Takey M, Aloise MLR, da Costa AJ, de Carvalho DS, da Silva SC, Pontes MHP, Monteiro CB. Adolescents Emotional State and Behavioral and Dietary Habit Changes during Isolation Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic. J Am Coll Nutr 2021; 41:415-423. [PMID: 34156907 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2021.1897899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was recognized as a pandemic by the World Health Organization on March 11, 2020. As an infectious disease with no specific treatment, several measures have been established to minimize the outbreak of this disease, including social isolation. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the behavior of adolescents during the isolation period. METHODS This is a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted at the Adolescent Health Studies Center. Data were obtained from a questionnaire prepared on Google Forms, sent by a multiplatform instant messaging application, and analyzed using the Stata 14 software. RESULTS A total of 208 adolescents with a mean age of 15.3 years (SD ± 1.8) answered the questionnaire, 57.7% were female. About 93.3% of adolescents said they were in isolation with a changed routine, 67.3% increased their food consumption, 86.5% were inactive, and 58.7% reported screen time over 8 h/d. There was an association between anxiety and increased food consumption (odds ratio: 3.9; CI 95% 2-7.5; p = 0.00), sleeping difficulty (odds ratio: 3.6; CI 95% 1.9-6.8; p = 0.00), and conflicting family relationship (odds ratio: 5.7; CI 95% 1.6-7.8; p = 0.01). CONCLUSION The study revealed that social isolation due to an infectious disease was associated with several effects on the behavior and eating behavior of adolescents, which need to be acknowledged to encourage them to lead a healthy lifestyle after the COVID-19 confinement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Tavares Giannini
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Núcleo de Estudos da Saúde do Adolescente, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Murad Tavares
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Núcleo de Estudos da Saúde do Adolescente, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcia Takey
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Núcleo de Estudos da Saúde do Adolescente, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Andreia Jorge da Costa
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Núcleo de Estudos da Saúde do Adolescente, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Dayse Silva de Carvalho
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Núcleo de Estudos da Saúde do Adolescente, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Selma Correia da Silva
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Núcleo de Estudos da Saúde do Adolescente, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Cláudia Braga Monteiro
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Núcleo de Estudos da Saúde do Adolescente, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro / Núcleo de Estudos da Saúde do Adolescente
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47
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Urzeala C, Duclos M, Chris Ugbolue U, Bota A, Berthon M, Kulik K, Thivel D, Bagheri R, Gu Y, Baker JS, Andant N, Pereira B, Rouffiac K, Clinchamps M, Dutheil F. COVID-19 lockdown consequences on body mass index and perceived fragility related to physical activity: A worldwide cohort study. Health Expect 2021; 25:522-531. [PMID: 34105876 PMCID: PMC8239498 DOI: 10.1111/hex.13282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This paper is a follow‐up study continuing the COVISTRESS network previous research regarding health‐related determinants. Objective The aim was to identify the main consequences of COVID‐19 lockdown on Body MassIndex and Perceived Fragility, related to Physical Activity (PA), for different categories of populations, worldwide. Design The study design included an online survey, during the first wave of COVID‐19 lockdown, across different world regions. Setting and participants The research was carried out on 10 121 participants from 67 countries. The recruitment of participants was achieved using snowball sampling techniques via social networks, with no exclusion criteria other than social media access. Main outcome measures Body MassIndex, Physical Activity, Perceived Fragility and risk of getting infected items were analysed. SPSS software, v20, was used. Significance was set at P < .05. Results Body MassIndex significantly increased during lockdown. For youth and young adults (18‐35 years), PA decreased by 31.25%, for adults (36‐65 years) by 26.05% and for the elderly (over 65 years) by 30.27%. There was a high level of Perceived Fragility and risk of getting infected for female participants and the elderly. Correlations between BMI, Perceived Fragility and PA were identified. Discussion and Conclusions The research results extend and confirm evidence that the elderly are more likely to be at risk, by experiencing weight gain, physical inactivity and enhanced Perceived Fragility. As a consequence, populations need to counteract the constraints imposed by the lockdown by being physically active.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constanta Urzeala
- Sports and Motor Performance Department, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, National University of Physical Education and Sports from Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Martine Duclos
- Department of Sport Medicine and Functional Exploration, University Hospital CHU G. Montpied, INRA, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, Clermont Auvergne University, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Ukadike Chris Ugbolue
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,School of Health and Life Sciences, Institute for Clinical Exercise & Health Science, University of the West of Scotland, South Lanarkshire, UK.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Aura Bota
- Department of Teaching Staff Training, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, National University of Physical Education and Sports from Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mickael Berthon
- LaPSCo, Catech, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Keri Kulik
- Health and Physical Education Program, Indiana University of Pennsylvania, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - David Thivel
- Laboratory of Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological conditions (AME2P), CRNH Auvergne, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Reza Bagheri
- Department of Exercise Physiology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Yaodong Gu
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Julien S Baker
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Centre for Health and Exercise Science Research, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, China
| | - Nicolas Andant
- Biostatistics Unit, DRCI, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Bruno Pereira
- Biostatistics Unit, DRCI, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Karine Rouffiac
- Preventive and Occupational Medicine, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | - Maëlys Clinchamps
- Physiological and Psychosocial Stress, LaPSCo, CNRS, Preventive and Occupational Medicine, WittyFit, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Frédéric Dutheil
- Physiological and Psychosocial Stress, LaPSCo, CNRS, Preventive and Occupational Medicine, WittyFit, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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48
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Janeckova K, Hamrik Z, Matusova M, Badura P. "I am going out!" - lifestyle sports and physical activity in adolescents. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1079. [PMID: 34090397 PMCID: PMC8179071 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11066-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lifestyle sport activities (e.g. parkour or skateboarding) are considered attractive and beneficial for a long-term commitment to physical activity (PA) and might be a great opportunity for adolescents who do not feel comfortable in an organized or competitive atmosphere. The purpose of the study was to assess whether participation in lifestyle activities is associated with moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), out-of-school vigorous physical activity (VPA), and sedentary behaviour in adolescents aged 10–15 years, with major demographic variables (sex, age, socioeconomic status) being taken into account. Methods Data from a research project linked to the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) survey collected in 2017 in the Czech Republic was used. The sample consisted of 679 participants (303 of them girls) and was selected by quota sampling. Chi-square tests were used to assess differences in involvement in lifestyle activities according to sex, grade, and socioeconomic status. Ordinal and linear regression models were used to analyse the associations of participation in lifestyle activities and selected energy balance-related behaviours. Results Participation in lifestyle sport activities was significantly associated with a higher level of physical activity (MVPA and out-of-school VPA) after adjustment for sociodemographic factors, as was participation in organized sport. No significant associations were shown for sedentary behaviour. Conclusions Adolescents participating in lifestyle sport activities report being more physically active and, in case of doing multiple such activities concurrently, also spending less time sitting than their peers not involved in lifestyle sport activities. As such, lifestyle sport activities seem to represent a feasible way of increasing overall PA level in adolescent population. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-021-11066-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Janeckova
- Department of Recreation and Leisure Studies, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacky University Olomouc, Tr. Miru 115, 771 11, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Z Hamrik
- Department of Recreation and Leisure Studies, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacky University Olomouc, Tr. Miru 115, 771 11, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - M Matusova
- Department of Recreation and Leisure Studies, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacky University Olomouc, Tr. Miru 115, 771 11, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - P Badura
- Department of Recreation and Leisure Studies, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacky University Olomouc, Tr. Miru 115, 771 11, Olomouc, Czech Republic
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49
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Czenczek-Lewandowska E, Wyszyńska J, Leszczak J, Baran J, Weres A, Mazur A, Lewandowski B. Health behaviours of young adults during the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic - a longitudinal study. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1038. [PMID: 34078340 PMCID: PMC8170456 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11140-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic has created a number of obstacles to daily functioning, which have led to a need for major changes in lifestyles. The aim of the study was to assess whether and to what extent the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic has affected the health behaviours of young adults. METHODS 506 people aged 18 to 34 ([Formula: see text] =24.67 years ±4.23 years) who filled in an online survey were qualified for the study. Assessment was made of eating habits (a modified Food Frequency Questionnaire, FFQ), physical activity and sedentary behaviours (International Physical Activity Questionnaire, short form IPAQ-SF), sleep quality (The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, PSQI), and generalized anxiety (Generalized anxiety Disorder, 7-item, GAD-7 scale). RESULTS During the pandemic, young adults changed their dietary preferences toward sweets and cereal products, increased alcohol (p < 0.001) and fat (p = 0.005) intake, significantly reduced their physical activity (from 8752.5 metabolic equivalents (MET) min/week vs. 6174.6 MET min/week, p < 0.001), increased the time spent sedentarily (Me = 240 min vs. Me = 360 min, p < 0.001) and had decreased sleep quality (PSQI score Me = 7.00 vs. Me = 9.00). CONCLUSIONS The Covid-19 pandemic worsened health behaviours and intensified the feeling of generalized anxiety in young adults. Generalized anxiety during obligatory lockdown had the greatest negative impact on sedentary behaviours and sleep quality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Justyna Wyszyńska
- Institute of Health Sciences, Medical College, University of Rzeszów, ul. Kopisto 2a, 35-959, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Justyna Leszczak
- Institute of Health Sciences, Medical College, University of Rzeszów, ul. Kopisto 2a, 35-959, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Joanna Baran
- Institute of Health Sciences, Medical College, University of Rzeszów, ul. Kopisto 2a, 35-959, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Aneta Weres
- Institute of Health Sciences, Medical College, University of Rzeszów, ul. Kopisto 2a, 35-959, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Artur Mazur
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College, University of Rzeszów, ul. Kopisto 2a, 35-959, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Bogumił Lewandowski
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College, University of Rzeszów, ul. Kopisto 2a, 35-959, Rzeszów, Poland
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50
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Sciomer S, Gallina S, Mattioli AV, Agostoni PG, Moscucci F. Slow and steady wins the race: Better walking than running. The turtle's lesson in the times of COVID-19. Heart Lung 2021; 50:587-588. [PMID: 34090175 PMCID: PMC8169339 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrtlng.2021.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Sciomer
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Rome "Sapienza", Policlinico Umberto I, Viale del Policlinico n.155, Rome 00186, Italy
| | - S Gallina
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti 66100, Italy
| | - A V Mattioli
- Surgical, Medical and Dental Department of Morphological Sciences Related to Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Del Pozzo, 71, Modena 41124, Italy
| | - P G Agostoni
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - F Moscucci
- Department of Clinical, Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Rome "Sapienza", Policlinico Umberto I, Viale del Policlinico n.155, Rome 00186, Italy.
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