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Liu X, Zhang W, Yang M, Jiang X. Amorphous PtO x-engineered Pt@WO 3 nanozymes with efficient NAD + generation for an electrochemical cascade biosensor. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:10966-10969. [PMID: 39263697 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc03438d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
Bioactive NAD+ mediated multiple biocatalytic pathways in metabolic networks. Refining the structure of NADH oxidase-like (NOX) mimics to efficiently replenish NAD+ has been promising but challenging in NAD+-dependent dehydrogenase electrochemical cascade biosensing. Herein, we discovered that PtOx structures, formed via lattice oxygen translocation from WO3 to Pt NPs at the interface, potentially activate and modulate the NOX-like functionality in Pt@WO3 nanosheets. Incorporating PtOx leads to a more positive valence of Pt species within Pt/PtOx@WO3-x, where the PtO2 species serve as preeminent reaction sites for NADH coordination, activation, and dehydrogenation. Consequently, such nanozymes display enhanced NOX-like activity towards NADH oxidation in comparison to Pt@WO3. Ultimately, the 650-Pt/PtOx@WO3-x nanozyme is employed in an electrochemical cascade biosensor for β-hydroxybutyrate (HB) detection, achieving a calculated detection limit of 25 μM. This study offers insights into PtOx activation in Pt-based NOX mimics and supports the future development of NAD+/NADH-dependent electrochemical biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinting Liu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
| | - Wanyi Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
| | - Minghui Yang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Micro & Nano Materials Interface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
- Furong Laboratory, Changsha, 410083, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Personalized Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Xingxing Jiang
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
- Furong Laboratory, Changsha, 410083, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Personalized Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, Changsha, 410083, China
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Yu S, Lian Z, Yu L, Guo W, Zhang C, Zhang Y. Gamma-aminobutyric acid elicits H 2O 2 signalling and promotes wheat seed germination under combined salt and heat stress. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17907. [PMID: 39308802 PMCID: PMC11416083 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background In the realm of wheat seed germination, abiotic stresses such as salinity and high temperature have been shown to hinder the process. These stresses can lead to the production of reactive oxygen species, which, within a certain concentration range, may actually facilitate seed germination. γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a non-protein amino acid, serves as a crucial signaling molecule in the promotion of seed germination. Nevertheless, the potential of GABA to regulate seed germination under the simultaneous stress of heat and salinity remains unexplored in current literature. Methods This study employed observational methods to assess seed germination rate (GR), physiological methods to measure H2O2 content, and the activities of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD), NADPH oxidase (NOX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT). The levels of ABA and GABA were quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography technology. Furthermore, quantitative real-time PCR technology was utilized to analyze the expression levels of two genes encoding antioxidant enzymes, MnSOD and CAT. Results The findings indicated that combined stress (30 °C + 50 mM NaCl) decreased the GR of wheat seeds to about 21%, while treatment with 2 mM GABA increased the GR to about 48%. However, the stimulatory effect of GABA was mitigated by the presence of ABA, dimethylthiourea, and NOX inhibitor, but was strengthened by H2O2, antioxidant enzyme inhibitor, fluridone, and gibberellin. In comparison to the control group (20 °C + 0 mM NaCl), this combined stress led to elevated levels of ABA, reduced GAD and NOX activity, and a decrease in H2O2 and GABA content. Further investigation revealed that this combined stress significantly suppressed the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), as well as downregulated the gene expression levels of MnSOD and CAT. However, the study demonstrates that exogenous GABA effectively reversed the inhibitory effects of combined stress on wheat seed germination. These findings suggest that GABA-induced NOX-mediated H2O2 signalling plays a crucial role in mitigating the adverse impact of combined stress on wheat seed germination. This research holds significant theoretical and practical implications for the regulation of crop seed germination by GABA under conditions of combined stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Yu
- Department of Agronomy and Crop Sciences, College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University/Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Cultivation and Crop Germplasm Improvement, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Zhihan Lian
- Department of Agronomy and Crop Sciences, College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University/Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Cultivation and Crop Germplasm Improvement, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Lihe Yu
- Department of Agronomy and Crop Sciences, College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University/Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Cultivation and Crop Germplasm Improvement, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Northeastern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Agronomy and Crop Sciences, College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University/Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Cultivation and Crop Germplasm Improvement, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Northeastern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Chunyu Zhang
- Department of Agronomy and Crop Sciences, College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University/Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Cultivation and Crop Germplasm Improvement, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Northeastern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yifei Zhang
- Department of Agronomy and Crop Sciences, College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University/Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Cultivation and Crop Germplasm Improvement, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Northeastern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
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Zhao Z, Xie Y, Tian M, Liu J, Chen C, Zhou J, Guo T, Xiao W. Enhancing Coleoptile Length of Rice Seeds under Submergence through NAL11 Knockout. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:2593. [PMID: 39339568 PMCID: PMC11434697 DOI: 10.3390/plants13182593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2024] [Revised: 09/08/2024] [Accepted: 09/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024]
Abstract
Submergence stress challenges direct seeding in rice cultivation. In this study, we identified a heat shock protein, NAL11, with a DnaJ domain, which can regulate the length of rice coleoptiles under flooded conditions. Through bioinformatics analyses, we identified cis-regulatory elements in its promoter, making it responsive to abiotic stresses, such as hypoxia or anoxia. Expression of NAL11 was higher in the basal regions of shoots and coleoptiles during flooding. NAL11 knockout triggered the rapid accumulation of abscisic acid (ABA) and reduction of Gibberellin (GA), stimulating rice coleoptile elongation and contributes to flooding stress management. In addition, NAL11 mutants were found to be more sensitive to ABA treatments. Such knockout lines exhibited enhanced cell elongation for coleoptile extension. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis revealed that NAL11 mediated the gluconeogenic pathway, essential for the energy needed in cell expansion. Furthermore, NAL11 mutants reduced the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde under submerged stress, attributed to an improved antioxidant enzyme system compared to the wild-type. In conclusion, our findings underscore the pivotal role of NAL11 knockout in enhancing the tolerance of rice to submergence stress by elucidating its mechanisms. This insight offers a new strategy for improving resilience against flooding in rice cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Zhao
- National Engineering Research Center of Plant Space Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yuelan Xie
- Yangjiang Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Yangjiang 529500, China
| | - Mengqing Tian
- National Engineering Research Center of Plant Space Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jinzhao Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Plant Space Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Chun Chen
- National Engineering Research Center of Plant Space Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jiyong Zhou
- Guangdong Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Guangzhou 510520, China
| | - Tao Guo
- National Engineering Research Center of Plant Space Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Wuming Xiao
- National Engineering Research Center of Plant Space Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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Elbasan F, Arikan-Abdulveli B, Ozfidan-Konakci C, Yildiztugay E, Tarhan İ, Çelik B. Exploring the defense strategies of benzalkonium chloride exposures on the antioxidant system, photosynthesis and ROS accumulation in Lemna minor. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 363:142924. [PMID: 39048046 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
With the advent of technological advancements post the industrial revolution, thousands of chemicals are introduced into the market annually to enhance different facets of human life. Among these, pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs), including antibiotics and disinfectants, such as benzalkonium chlorides (BACs), are prominent. BACs, often used for surface and hand disinfection in high concentrations or as preservatives in health products such as nasal sprays and eye drops, may present environmental risks if they seep into irrigation water through prolonged exposure or improper application. The primary objective of this study is to elucidate the tolerance mechanisms that may arise in Lemna minor plants, known for their remarkable capability to accumulate substances efficiently, in response to exogenously applied BACs at varying concentrations. The study applied six different concentrations of BACs, ranging from 0.25 to 10 mg L-1. The experimental period spanned seven days, during which the treatments were conducted in triplicate to ensure reliability and reproducibility of the results. It was observed that low concentrations of BACs (0.25, 0.5 and 1 mg L-1) did not elicit any statistically significant changes in growth parameters. However, higher concentrations of BACs (2.5, 5, and 10 mg L-1) resulted in a reduction in RGR by 20%, 28%, and 36%, respectively. Chlorophyll fluorescence declined significantly at BAC doses of 5 and 10 mg L-1, with Fv/Fm ratios decreasing by 9% and 15%, and Fv/Fo ratios by 40% and 39%, respectively. Proline content decreased in all treatment groups, with a 46% reduction at 10 mg L-1 BAC. TBARS and H2O2 contents increased proportionally with BAC dosage, showing the highest increases of 30% and 40% at 10 mg L-1, respectively. The noticeable increase in SOD enzyme activity at BAC concentrations of 0.5, 1, and 2.5 mg L-1, with increases of 2.7-fold, 2.2-fold, and 1.7-fold respectively, along with minimal accumulation of H2O2, suggests that L. minor plants have a strong tolerance to BAC. This is supported by the efficient functioning of the CAT and GST enzymes, especially evident at the same concentrations, where increased activities effectively reduce the buildup of H2O2. In the AsA-GSH cycle, although variations were observed between groups, the contribution of the GR enzyme to the preservation of GSH content by recycling GSSG likely maintained redox homeostasis in the plant, especially at low concentrations of BACs. The study revealed that L. minor effectively accumulates BAC alongside its tolerance mechanisms and high antioxidant activity. These results underscore the potential for environmental cleanup efforts through phytoremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fevzi Elbasan
- Selcuk University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biotechnology, 42250, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Busra Arikan-Abdulveli
- Selcuk University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biotechnology, 42250, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Ceyda Ozfidan-Konakci
- Necmettin Erbakan University, Faculty of Science, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, 42090, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Evren Yildiztugay
- Selcuk University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biotechnology, 42250, Konya, Turkey.
| | - İsmail Tarhan
- Selcuk University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biochemistry, 42250, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Berfin Çelik
- Selcuk University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biochemistry, 42250, Konya, Turkey.
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Ibrahim S, Mira MM, Hill RD, Stasolla C. The Brassica napus phytoglobin 1 (BnPgb1) mitigates the decrease in plant fertility resulting from high temperature stress. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 300:154302. [PMID: 38945072 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2024.154302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
High temperature stress during flowering adversely affects plant fertility, decreasing plant productivity. Daily cycles of heat stress (HS), imposed on Brassica napus L. plants by slowly ramping the temperature from 23 °C to 35 °C before lowering back to pre-stress conditions, inhibited flower and silique formation, with fewer seeds per silique during the stress period, as well as decreased pollen viability. Heat stress also elevated the transcripts and protein levels of class 1 phytoglobin BnPgb1, with the protein accumulating preferentially within the anther walls. Over-expression of BnPgb1 was sufficient to attenuate the reduction in plant fertility at high temperatures while its down-regulation exacerbated the effects of HS. Relative to WT anthers, the rise in ROS and ROS-induced damage caused by HS was limited when BnPgb1 was over-expressed, and this was linked to changes in antioxidant responses. High temperatures reduced the level of ascorbic acid (AsA) in anthers by favoring its oxidation via ascorbate oxidase (AOA) and limiting its regeneration through suppression of monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR) and dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR). Anthers of heat-stressed plants over-expressing BnPgb1 retained a higher AsA content with concomitant increased activities of DHAR, MDHAR, ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). These changes suggest that BnPgb1 potentiates antioxidant responses during HS which mitigate the depression of fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimaa Ibrahim
- Department of Plant Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, R3T2N2, MB, Canada
| | - Mohammed M Mira
- Department of Plant Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, R3T2N2, MB, Canada
| | - Robert D Hill
- Department of Plant Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, R3T2N2, MB, Canada
| | - Claudio Stasolla
- Department of Plant Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, R3T2N2, MB, Canada.
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Bao L, Liu J, Mao T, Zhao L, Wang D, Zhai Y. Nanobiotechnology-mediated regulation of reactive oxygen species homeostasis under heat and drought stress in plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1418515. [PMID: 39258292 PMCID: PMC11385006 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1418515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024]
Abstract
Global warming causes heat and drought stress in plants, which affects crop production. In addition to osmotic stress and protein inactivation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) overaccumulation under heat and drought stress is a secondary stress that further impairs plant performance. Chloroplasts, mitochondria, peroxisomes, and apoplasts are the main ROS generation sites in heat- and drought-stressed plants. In this review, we summarize ROS generation and scavenging in heat- and drought-stressed plants and highlight the potential applications of plant nanobiotechnology for enhancing plant tolerance to these stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linfeng Bao
- College of Agriculture, Tarim University, Alar, China
| | - Jiahao Liu
- College of Agriculture, Tarim University, Alar, China
- Key Laboratory of Tarim Oasis Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Tarim University, Alar, China
| | - Tingyong Mao
- College of Agriculture, Tarim University, Alar, China
- Key Laboratory of Tarim Oasis Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Tarim University, Alar, China
| | - Linbo Zhao
- College of Agriculture, Tarim University, Alar, China
| | - Desheng Wang
- College of Agriculture, Tarim University, Alar, China
- Key Laboratory of Tarim Oasis Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Tarim University, Alar, China
| | - Yunlong Zhai
- College of Agriculture, Tarim University, Alar, China
- Key Laboratory of Tarim Oasis Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Tarim University, Alar, China
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7
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Su GM, Chu LW, Chien CC, Liao PS, Chiu YC, Chang CH, Chu TH, Li CH, Wu CS, Wang JF, Cheng YS, Chang CH, Cheng CP. Tomato NADPH oxidase SlWfi1 interacts with the effector protein RipBJ of Ralstonia solanacearum to mediate host defence. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024. [PMID: 39132878 DOI: 10.1111/pce.15086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a crucial role in regulating numerous functions in organisms. Among the key regulators of ROS production are NADPH oxidases, primarily referred to as respiratory burst oxidase homologues (RBOHs). However, our understanding of whether and how pathogens directly target RBOHs has been limited. In this study, we revealed that the effector protein RipBJ, originating from the phytopathogenic bacterium Ralstonia solanacearum, was present in low- to medium-virulence strains but absent in high-virulence strains. Functional genetic assays demonstrated that the expression of ripBJ led to a reduction in bacterial infection. In the plant, RipBJ expression triggered plant cell death and the accumulation of H2O2, while also enhancing host defence against R. solanacearum by modulating multiple defence signalling pathways. Through protein interaction and functional studies, we demonstrated that RipBJ was associated with the plant's plasma membrane and interacted with the tomato RBOH known as SlWfi1, which contributed positively to RipBJ's effects on plants. Importantly, SlWfi1 expression was induced during the early stages following R. solanacearum infection and played a key role in defence against this bacterium. This research uncovers the plant RBOH as an interacting target of a pathogen's effector, providing valuable insights into the mechanisms of plant defence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan-Ming Su
- Institute of Plant Biology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Wen Chu
- Institute of Plant Biology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Cheng Chien
- Institute of Plant Biology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Shan Liao
- Institute of Plant Biology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chuan Chiu
- Institute of Plant Biology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hsin Chang
- Institute of Plant Biology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Hsiang Chu
- Institute of Plant Biology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hui Li
- Institute of Plant Biology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Sheng Wu
- Institute of Plant Biology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jaw-Fen Wang
- Bacteriology Unit, AVRDC-The World Vegetable Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Sheng Cheng
- Institute of Plant Biology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Life Science, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Hsin Chang
- Department of Research, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Ping Cheng
- Institute of Plant Biology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Life Science, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Global Agriculture Technology and Genomic Science Master Program, International College, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Master Program for Plant Medicine, College of Bio-Resources & Agriculture, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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8
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Du B, Haensch R, Alfarraj S, Rennenberg H. Strategies of plants to overcome abiotic and biotic stresses. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2024; 99:1524-1536. [PMID: 38561998 DOI: 10.1111/brv.13079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
In their environment, plants are exposed to a multitude of abiotic and biotic stresses that differ in intensity, duration and severity. As sessile organisms, they cannot escape these stresses, but instead have developed strategies to overcome them or to compensate for the consequences of stress exposure. Defence can take place at different levels and the mechanisms involved are thought to differ in efficiency across these levels. To minimise metabolic constraints and to reduce the costs of stress defence, plants prioritise first-line defence strategies in the apoplastic space, involving ascorbate, defensins and small peptides, as well as secondary metabolites, before cellular processes are affected. In addition, a large number of different symplastic mechanisms also provide efficient stress defence, including chemical antioxidants, antioxidative enzymes, secondary metabolites, defensins and other peptides as well as proteins. At both the symplastic and the apoplastic level of stress defence and compensation, a number of specialised transporters are thought to be involved in exchange across membranes that still have not been identified, and information on the regeneration of different defence compounds remains ambiguous. In addition, strategies to overcome and compensate for stress exposure operate not only at the cellular, but also at the organ and whole-plant levels, including stomatal regulation, and hypersensitive and systemic responses to prevent or reduce the spread of stress impacts within the plant. Defence can also take place at the ecosystem level by root exudation of signalling molecules and the emission of volatile organic compounds, either directly or indirectly into the rhizosphere and/or the aboveground atmosphere. The mechanisms by which plants control the production of these compounds and that mediate perception of stressful conditions are still not fully understood. Here we summarise plant defence strategies from the cellular to ecosystem level, discuss their advantages and disadvantages for plant growth and development, elucidate the current state of research on the transport and regeneration capacity of defence metabolites, and outline insufficiently explored questions for further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoguo Du
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Ecological Security and Protection Key laboratory of Sichuan Province, Mianyang Normal University, Mianxing Road West 166, Mianyang, 621000, PR China
- Chair of Tree Physiology, Institute of Forest Sciences, University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 53, Freiburg, D-79110, Germany
| | - Robert Haensch
- Institute of Plant Biology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Humboldtstr. 1, Braunschweig, D-38106, Germany
- Center of Molecular Ecophysiology (CMEP), College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, No. 2, Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - Saleh Alfarraj
- King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Heinz Rennenberg
- Chair of Tree Physiology, Institute of Forest Sciences, University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 53, Freiburg, D-79110, Germany
- Center of Molecular Ecophysiology (CMEP), College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, No. 2, Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
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Gong W, Oubounyt M, Baumbach J, Dresselhaus T. Heat-stress-induced ROS in maize silks cause late pollen tube growth arrest and sterility. iScience 2024; 27:110081. [PMID: 38979009 PMCID: PMC11228802 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The reproductive phase of plants is highly sensitive to ambient temperature stresses. To investigate sensitivity of female reproductive organs in grass crops during the pollination phase, we exposed the elongated stigma (silk) of maize to ambient environment at the silking stage. Moderate heat stress causes cell death of silk hair cells but did not affect early pollen tube growth inside the silk. Late pollen tube growth arrest was observed, leading to sterility. Heat stress causes elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in silks, whose levels can be reduced by scavengers partly restoring pollen tube growth and fertility. A number of biological processes including hydrogen peroxide catabolic processes and bHLH transcription factor genes are downregulated by heat stress, while some NAC transcription factor genes are strongly upregulated. In conclusion, this study now provides a basis to select genes for engineering heat-stress-tolerant grass crops during the pollination phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Gong
- Cell Biology and Plant Biochemistry, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Mhaned Oubounyt
- Faculty of Mathematics, Informatics and Natural Sciences, University of Hamburg, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jan Baumbach
- Faculty of Mathematics, Informatics and Natural Sciences, University of Hamburg, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Dresselhaus
- Cell Biology and Plant Biochemistry, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
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10
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Markova O, Garipova S, Chistoedova A, Matyunina V, Lubyanova A, Lastochkina O, Garipov A, Shpirnaya I, Pusenkova L. Predicting Field Effectiveness of Endophytic Bacillus subtilis Inoculants for Common Bean Using Morphometric and Biochemical Markers. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1769. [PMID: 38999609 PMCID: PMC11244252 DOI: 10.3390/plants13131769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
According to four field experiments, after the inoculation of Phaseolus vulgaris L. cultivar Ufimskaya with the commercial strain Bacillus subtilis 26D and the promising strain B. subtilis 10-4, it was found that inoculation with B. subtilis 10-4 improved seed productivity (SP) by 31-41% per plant, but only in dry years. In contrast, all 4 years of inoculation with B. subtilis 26D were ineffective or neutral. It was intended to determine the growing and biochemical characteristics of inoculated 7-day-old plants, which correlate with the field SP of bacterial preparations. The SP of inoculated plants (average of 4 years) correlated with root length (0.83), MDA content (-0.98), and catalase (CAT) activity in roots (-0.96) of week-old seedlings. High correlation coefficients between the H2O2 content in the roots and SP (0.89 and 0.77), as well as between the H2O2 content in shoots and SP (0.98 and 0.56), were observed only in two dry years, when the influence of bacteria was detected. These physiological indicators were identified as potential markers for predicting the effectiveness of the endophytic symbiosis between bean plants and B. subtilis strains. The findings may be used to develop effective microbial-based, eco-friendly technologies for bean production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oksana Markova
- Institute of Nature and Human, Ufa University of Science and Technology, Zaki Validy Str. 32, 450076 Ufa, Russia
| | - Svetlana Garipova
- Institute of Nature and Human, Ufa University of Science and Technology, Zaki Validy Str. 32, 450076 Ufa, Russia
| | - Aelita Chistoedova
- Institute of Nature and Human, Ufa University of Science and Technology, Zaki Validy Str. 32, 450076 Ufa, Russia
| | - Viktoriia Matyunina
- Institute of Nature and Human, Ufa University of Science and Technology, Zaki Validy Str. 32, 450076 Ufa, Russia
| | - Alsu Lubyanova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics-Subdivision of the Ufa Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pr. Oktyabrya 71, 450054 Ufa, Russia
| | - Oksana Lastochkina
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics-Subdivision of the Ufa Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pr. Oktyabrya 71, 450054 Ufa, Russia
| | - Arsenii Garipov
- Institute of Nature and Human, Ufa University of Science and Technology, Zaki Validy Str. 32, 450076 Ufa, Russia
| | - Irina Shpirnaya
- Institute of Nature and Human, Ufa University of Science and Technology, Zaki Validy Str. 32, 450076 Ufa, Russia
| | - Lyudmila Pusenkova
- Bashkir Research Institute of Agriculture-Subdivision of the Ufa Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, R. Zorge Str. 19, 450059 Ufa, Russia
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11
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Wang Y, Liu Z, Li L, Pan X, Yao K, Wei W, Liao W, Wang C. The Characteristics and Expression Analysis of the Tomato SlRBOH Gene Family under Exogenous Phytohormone Treatments and Abiotic Stresses. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5780. [PMID: 38891968 PMCID: PMC11171631 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Respiratory burst oxidase homologs (RBOHs), also known as NADPH oxidases, contribute significantly to the production of ROS in plants, alongside other major sources such as photosynthesis and electron transport in chloroplasts. It has been shown that plant RBOHs play an active role in plant adversity response and electron transport. However, the phylogenetic analysis and characterization of the SlRBOH gene family in tomatoes have not been systematically studied. This study identified 11 SlRBOH genes in the tomato genome using a genome-wide search approach. The physicochemical properties, chromosomal localization, subcellular localization, secondary structure, conserved motifs, gene structure, phylogenetics, collinear relationships, cis-acting elements, evolutionary selection pressures, tissue expressions, and expression patterns under exogenous phytohormones (ABA and MeJA) and different abiotic stresses were also analyzed. We found that the SlRBOHs are distributed across seven chromosomes, collinearity reflecting their evolutionary relationships with corresponding genes in Arabidopsis thaliana and rice. Additionally, all the SlRBOH members have five conserved domains and 10 conserved motifs and have similar gene structures. In addition, the results of an evolutionary selection pressure analysis showed that SlRBOH family members evolved mainly by purifying selection, making them more structurally stable. Cis-acting element analyses showed that SlRBOHs were responsive to light, hormone, and abiotic stresses. Tissue expression analysis showed that SlRBOH family members were expressed in all tissues of tomato to varying degrees, and most of the SlRBOHs with the strongest expression were found in the roots. In addition, the expressions of tomato SlRBOH genes were changed by ABA, MeJA, dark period extension, NaCl, PEG, UV, cold, heat, and H2O2 treatments. Specifically, SlRBOH4 was highly expressed under NaCl, PEG, heat, and UV treatments, while SlRBOH2 was highly expressed under cold stress. These results provide a basis for further studies on the function of SlRBOHs in tomato.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Chunlei Wang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Yinmen Village, Anning District, Lanzhou 730070, China; (Y.W.); (Z.L.); (L.L.); (X.P.); (K.Y.); (W.W.); (W.L.)
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12
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Gong Q, Wang C, Fan W, Li S, Zhang H, Huang Z, Liu X, Ma Z, Wang Y, Zhang B. RsRbohD1 Plays a Significant Role in ROS Production during Radish Pithiness Development. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1386. [PMID: 38794456 PMCID: PMC11125187 DOI: 10.3390/plants13101386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Pithiness is one of the physiological diseases of radishes, which is accompanied by the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during the sponging of parenchyma tissue in the fleshy roots. A respiratory burst oxidase homolog (Rboh, also known as NADPH oxidase) is a key enzyme that catalyzes the production of ROS in plants. To understand the role of Rboh genes in radish pithiness, herein, 10 RsRboh gene families were identified in the genome of Raphanus sativus using Blastp and Hmmer searching methods and were subjected to basic functional analyses such as phylogenetic tree construction, chromosomal localization, conserved structural domain analysis, and promoter element prediction. The expression profiles of RsRbohs in five stages (Pithiness grade = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, respectively) of radish pithiness were analyzed. The results showed that 10 RsRbohs expressed different levels during the development of radish pithiness. Except for RsRbohB and RsRbohE, the expression of other members increased and reached the peak at the P2 (Pithiness grade = 2) stage, among which RsRbohD1 showed the highest transcripts. Then, the expression of 40 genes related to RsRbohD1 and pithiness were analyzed. These results can provide a theoretical basis for improving pithiness tolerance in radishes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Gong
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Weijin Road 94, Tianjin 300071, China; (Q.G.); (S.L.)
| | - Chaonan Wang
- Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Vegetable Research Institute, Tianjin 300381, China; (C.W.); (Z.H.); (X.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300192, China; (W.F.); (H.Z.)
| | - Weiqiang Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300192, China; (W.F.); (H.Z.)
- Tianjin Kernel Agricultural Science and Technology Co., Ltd., Vegetable Research Institute, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Shuiling Li
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Weijin Road 94, Tianjin 300071, China; (Q.G.); (S.L.)
| | - Hong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300192, China; (W.F.); (H.Z.)
- Tianjin Kernel Agricultural Science and Technology Co., Ltd., Vegetable Research Institute, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Zhiyin Huang
- Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Vegetable Research Institute, Tianjin 300381, China; (C.W.); (Z.H.); (X.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300192, China; (W.F.); (H.Z.)
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Vegetable Research Institute, Tianjin 300381, China; (C.W.); (Z.H.); (X.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300192, China; (W.F.); (H.Z.)
| | - Ziyun Ma
- College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China;
| | - Yong Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Weijin Road 94, Tianjin 300071, China; (Q.G.); (S.L.)
| | - Bin Zhang
- Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Vegetable Research Institute, Tianjin 300381, China; (C.W.); (Z.H.); (X.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300192, China; (W.F.); (H.Z.)
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13
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Chaowongdee S, Vannatim N, Malichan S, Kuncharoen N, Tongyoo P, Siriwan W. Comparative transcriptomics analysis reveals defense mechanisms of Manihot esculenta Crantz against Sri Lanka Cassava MosaicVirus. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:436. [PMID: 38698332 PMCID: PMC11067156 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10315-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cassava mosaic disease (CMD), caused by Sri Lankan cassava mosaic virus (SLCMV) infection, has been identified as a major pernicious disease in Manihot esculenta Crantz (cassava) plantations. It is widespread in Southeast Asia, especially in Thailand, which is one of the main cassava supplier countries. With the aim of restricting the spread of SLCMV, we explored the gene expression of a tolerant cassava cultivar vs. a susceptible cassava cultivar from the perspective of transcriptional regulation and the mechanisms underlying plant immunity and adaptation. RESULTS Transcriptomic analysis of SLCMV-infected tolerant (Kasetsart 50 [KU 50]) and susceptible (Rayong 11 [R 11]) cultivars at three infection stages-that is, at 21 days post-inoculation (dpi) (early/asymptomatic), 32 dpi (middle/recovery), and 67 dpi (late infection/late recovery)-identified 55,699 expressed genes. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between SLCMV-infected KU 50 and R 11 cultivars at (i) 21 dpi to 32 dpi (the early to middle stage), and (ii) 32 dpi to 67 dpi (the middle stage to late stage) were then identified and validated by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). DEGs among different infection stages represent genes that respond to and regulate the viral infection during specific stages. The transcriptomic comparison between the tolerant and susceptible cultivars highlighted the role of gene expression regulation in tolerant and susceptible phenotypes. CONCLUSIONS This study identified genes involved in epigenetic modification, transcription and transcription factor activities, plant defense and oxidative stress response, gene expression, hormone- and metabolite-related pathways, and translation and translational initiation activities, particularly in KU 50 which represented the tolerant cultivar in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somruthai Chaowongdee
- Center of Excellence on Agricultural Biotechnology (AG-BIO/MHESI), Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
- Center for Agricultural Biotechnology, Kasetsart University, Kamphaengsaen Campus, Nakhon Pathom, 73140, Thailand
| | - Nattachai Vannatim
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
| | - Srihunsa Malichan
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
| | - Nattakorn Kuncharoen
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
| | - Pumipat Tongyoo
- Center of Excellence on Agricultural Biotechnology (AG-BIO/MHESI), Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
- Center for Agricultural Biotechnology, Kasetsart University, Kamphaengsaen Campus, Nakhon Pathom, 73140, Thailand
| | - Wanwisa Siriwan
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand.
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14
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Zhang Y, Li J, Yu S, Li W, Dou Y, Zhang C. Adenosine triphosphate alleviates high temperature-enhanced glyphosate toxicity in maize seedlings. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 210:108550. [PMID: 38555720 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular ATP plays a key role in regulating plants stress responses. Here, we aimed to determine whether ATP can alleviate the glyphosate toxicity in maize seedlings under high temperature by regulating antioxidant responses. Foliar spraying with 100 μM glyphosate inhibited the growth of maize seedlings at room temperature (25 °C), leading to an increase in shikimic acid accumulation and oxidative stress (evaluated via lipid peroxidation, free proline, and H2O2 content) in the leaves, all of which were further exacerbated by high temperature (35 °C). The growth inhibition and oxidative stress caused by glyphosate were both alleviated by exogenous ATP. Moreover, the glyphosate-induced antioxidant enzyme activity and antioxidant accumulation were attenuated by high temperature, while ATP treatment reversed this inhibitory effect. Similarly, qPCR data showed that the relative expression levels of antioxidant enzyme-related genes (CAT1, GR1, and γ-ECS) in maize leaves were upregulated by ATP before exposure to GLY. Moreover, high temperature-enhanced GLY residue accumulation in maize leaves was reduced by ATP. ATP-induced detoxification was attenuated through NADPH oxidase (NOX) inhibition. Higher NOX activities and O2•- production were noted in ATP-treated maize leaves compared to controls prior to GLY treatment, indicating that the extracellular ATP-induced alleviation of GLY toxicity was closely associated with NOX-dependent reactive oxygen species signalling. The current findings present a new approach for reducing herbicide toxicity in crops exposed to high temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University/Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Cultivation and Crop Germplasm Improvement, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang, China; Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Northeastern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Jiayu Li
- College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University/Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Cultivation and Crop Germplasm Improvement, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Song Yu
- College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University/Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Cultivation and Crop Germplasm Improvement, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang, China; Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Northeastern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Weiqing Li
- College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University/Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Cultivation and Crop Germplasm Improvement, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Yi Dou
- College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University/Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Cultivation and Crop Germplasm Improvement, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Chunyu Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University/Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Cultivation and Crop Germplasm Improvement, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang, China; Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Northeastern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang, China.
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15
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Zhang Z, Xia Z, Zhou C, Wang G, Meng X, Yin P. Insights into Salinity Tolerance in Wheat. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:573. [PMID: 38790202 PMCID: PMC11121000 DOI: 10.3390/genes15050573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Salt stress has a detrimental impact on food crop production, with its severity escalating due to both natural and man-made factors. As one of the most important food crops, wheat is susceptible to salt stress, resulting in abnormal plant growth and reduced yields; therefore, damage from salt stress should be of great concern. Additionally, the utilization of land in coastal areas warrants increased attention, given diminishing supplies of fresh water and arable land, and the escalating demand for wheat. A comprehensive understanding of the physiological and molecular changes in wheat under salt stress can offer insights into mitigating the adverse effects of salt stress on wheat. In this review, we summarized the genes and molecular mechanisms involved in ion transport, signal transduction, and enzyme and hormone regulation, in response to salt stress based on the physiological processes in wheat. Then, we surveyed the latest progress in improving the salt tolerance of wheat through breeding, exogenous applications, and microbial pathways. Breeding efficiency can be improved through a combination of gene editing and multiple omics techniques, which is the fundamental strategy for dealing with salt stress. Possible challenges and prospects in this process were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Pengcheng Yin
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling and Environmental Adaptation, Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China; (Z.Z.); (Z.X.); (C.Z.); (G.W.); (X.M.)
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16
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Rohman MM, Islam MR, Habib SH, Choudhury DA, Mohi-Ud-Din M. NADPH oxidase-mediated reactive oxygen species, antioxidant isozymes, and redox homeostasis regulate salt sensitivity in maize genotypes. Heliyon 2024; 10:e26920. [PMID: 38468963 PMCID: PMC10926083 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study is to examine the relationship between oxidative bursts, their regulation with ion homeostasis, and NADPH oxidase (NOX) in different salt-sensitive maize genotypes. For this, in the first study, four differently salt-sensitive maize genotypes (BIL214 × BIL218 as tolerant, BHM-5 as sensitive, and BHM-7 and BHM-9 as moderate-tolerant) were selected on the basis of phenotype, histochemical detection of reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and specific and in-gel activity of NOX. In the next experiment, these genotypes were further examined in 200 mM NaCl solution in half-strength Hoagland media for nine days to study salt-induced changes in NOX activity, ROS accumulation, ion and redox homeostasis, the activity of antioxidants and their isozyme responses, and to find out potential relationships among the traits. Methylglyoxal (MG) and glyoxalse enzymes (Gly I and II) were also evaluated. Fully expanded leaf samplings were collected at 0 (control), 3, 6, 9-day, and after 7 days of recovery to assay different parameters. Na+/K+, NOX, ROS, and MDA contents increased significantly with the progression of stress duration in all maize genotypes, with a significantly higher value in BHM-5 as compared to tolerant and moderate-tolerant genotypes. A continual induction of Cu/Zn-SOD was observed in BIL214 × BIL218 due to salt stress. Substantial decreases in CAT2 and CAT3 isozymes in BHM-5 might be critical for the highest H2O2 burst in that sensitive genotype under salt stress. The highest intensified POD isozymes were visualized in BHM-5, BHM-7, and BHM-9, whereas BIL214 × BIL218 showed a continual induction of POD isozymes, although GPX activity decreased in all the genotypes at 9 days. Under salt stress, the tolerant genotype BIL214 × BIL218 showed superior ASA- and GSH-redox homeostasis by keeping GR and MDHAR activity high. This genotype also had a stronger MG detoxification system by having higher glyoxalase activity. Correlation, comparative heatmap, and PCA analyses revealed positive correlations among Na+/K+, NOX, O2•-, H2O2, MG, proline, GR, GST, and Gly I activities. Importantly, the relationship depends on the salt sensitivity of the genotypes. The reduced CAT activity as well as redox homeostasis were critical to the survival of the sensitive genotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Motiar Rohman
- Plant Breeding Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur 1701, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Robyul Islam
- SAARC Agriculture Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Council, Dhaka 1215, Bangladesh
| | - Sheikh Hasna Habib
- Oil Seed Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur 1701, Bangladesh
| | | | - Mohammed Mohi-Ud-Din
- Department of Crop Botany, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh
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17
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Pfeilmeier S, Werz A, Ote M, Bortfeld-Miller M, Kirner P, Keppler A, Hemmerle L, Gäbelein CG, Petti GC, Wolf S, Pestalozzi CM, Vorholt JA. Leaf microbiome dysbiosis triggered by T2SS-dependent enzyme secretion from opportunistic Xanthomonas pathogens. Nat Microbiol 2024; 9:136-149. [PMID: 38172620 PMCID: PMC10769872 DOI: 10.1038/s41564-023-01555-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
In healthy plants, the innate immune system contributes to maintenance of microbiota homoeostasis, while disease can be associated with microbiome perturbation or dysbiosis, and enrichment of opportunistic plant pathogens like Xanthomonas. It is currently unclear whether the microbiota change occurs independently of the opportunistic pathogens or is caused by the latter. Here we tested if protein export through the type-2 secretion system (T2SS) by Xanthomonas causes microbiome dysbiosis in Arabidopsis thaliana in immunocompromised plants. We found that Xanthomonas strains secrete a cocktail of plant cell wall-degrading enzymes that promote Xanthomonas growth during infection. Disease severity and leaf tissue degradation were increased in A. thaliana mutants lacking the NADPH oxidase RBOHD. Experiments with gnotobiotic plants, synthetic bacterial communities and wild-type or T2SS-mutant Xanthomonas revealed that virulence and leaf microbiome composition are controlled by the T2SS. Overall, a compromised immune system in plants can enrich opportunistic pathogens, which damage leaf tissues and ultimately cause microbiome dysbiosis by facilitating growth of specific commensal bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Pfeilmeier
- Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
- Molecular Plant Pathology, Swammerdam Institute of Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Anja Werz
- Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marine Ote
- Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Pascal Kirner
- Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Lucas Hemmerle
- Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Sarah Wolf
- Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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18
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Wang L, Tanveer M, Wang H, Arnao MB. Melatonin as a key regulator in seed germination under abiotic stress. J Pineal Res 2024; 76:e12937. [PMID: 38241678 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Seed germination (SG) is the first stage in a plant's life and has an immense importance in sustaining crop production. Abiotic stresses reduce SG by increasing the deterioration of seed quality, and reducing germination potential, and seed vigor. Thus, to achieve a sustainable level of crop yield, it is important to improve SG under abiotic stress conditions. Melatonin (MEL) is an important biomolecule that interplays in developmental processes and regulates many adaptive responses in plants, especially under abiotic stresses. Thus, this review specifically summarizes and discusses the mechanistic basis of MEL-mediated SG under abiotic stresses. MEL regulates SG by regulating some stress-specific responses and some common responses. For instance, MEL induced stress specific responses include the regulation of ionic homeostasis, and hydrolysis of storage proteins under salinity stress, regulation of C-repeat binding factors signaling under cold stress, starch metabolism under high temperature and heavy metal stress, and activation of aquaporins and accumulation of osmolytes under drought stress. On other hand, MEL mediated regulation of gibberellins biosynthesis and abscisic acid catabolism, redox homeostasis, and Ca2+ signaling are amongst the common responses. Nonetheless factors such as endogenous MEL contents, plant species, and growth conditions also influence above-mentioned responses. In conclusion, MEL regulates SG under abiotic stress conditions by interacting with different physiological mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
| | - Mohsin Tanveer
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
| | - Hongling Wang
- CAS Research Center for Ecology and Environment of Central Asia, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
| | - Marino B Arnao
- Phytohormones & Plant Development Laboratory, Department of Plant Biology (Plant Physiology), University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
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19
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He M, Zhang X, Ma Y, Zhang X, Chen S, Zhu Y, Wang Y, Liu L, Ma Y, Wang L, Xu L. RsCDF3, a member of Cycling Dof Factors, positively regulates cold tolerance via auto-regulation and repressing two RsRbohs transcription in radish (Raphanus sativus L.). PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 337:111880. [PMID: 37778469 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Radish is one of the most economical root vegetable crops worldwide. Cold stress dramatically impedes radish taproot formation and development as well as reduces its yield and quality. Although the Cycling Dof Factors (CDFs) play crucial roles in plant growth, development and abiotic stress responses, how CDF TFs mediate the regulatory network of cold stress response remains largely unexplored in radish. Herein, a total of nine RsCDF genes were identified from the radish genome. Among them, the RsCDF3 exhibited obviously up-regulated expression under cold stress, especially at 12 h and 24 h. RsCDF3 was localized to the nucleus and displayed dramatic cold-induced promoter activity in tobacco leaves. Moreover, overexpression of RsCDF3 significantly enhanced cold tolerance of radish plants, whereas its knock-down plants exhibited the opposite phenotype. Interestingly, both in vitro and in vivo assays indicated that the RsCDF3 repressed the transcription of RsRbohA and RsRbohC via directly binding to their promoters, which contributed to maintaining the cellular homeostasis of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and scavenging in radish. In addition, the RsCDF3 bound to its own promoter to mediate its transcription, thereby forming an autoregulatory feedback loop to cooperatively trigger RsRbohs-dependent cold tolerance. Together, we revealed a novel RsCDF3-RsRbohs module to promote the cold tolerance in radish plants. These findings would facilitate unveiling the molecular mechanism governing RsCDF3-mediated cold stress response in radish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min He
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (East China) of MOAR, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (East China) of MOAR, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Yingfei Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (East China) of MOAR, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (East China) of MOAR, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Sen Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (East China) of MOAR, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Yuelin Zhu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (East China) of MOAR, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Yan Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (East China) of MOAR, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Liwang Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (East China) of MOAR, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China; College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Yinbo Ma
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Lun Wang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Liang Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (East China) of MOAR, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China.
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20
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Xiao N, Wu Y, Zhang X, Hao Z, Chen Z, Yang Z, Cai Y, Wang R, Yu L, Wang Z, Lu Y, Shi W, Pan C, Li Y, Zhou C, Liu J, Huang N, Liu G, Ji H, Zhu S, Fang S, Ning Y, Li A. Pijx confers broad-spectrum seedling and panicle blast resistance by promoting the degradation of ATP β subunit and OsRbohC-mediated ROS burst in rice. MOLECULAR PLANT 2023; 16:1832-1846. [PMID: 37798878 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2023.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Rice blast, caused by the fungal pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae, is one of the most important diseases of rice. Utilization of blast-resistance genes is the most economical, effective, and environmentally friendly way to control the disease. However, genetic resources with broad-spectrum resistance (BSR) that is effective throughout the rice growth period are rare. In this work, using a genome-wide association study, we identify a new blast-resistance gene, Pijx, which encodes a typical CC-NBS-LRR protein. Pijx is derived from a wild rice species and confers BSR to M. oryzae at both the seedling and panicle stages. The functions of the resistant haplotypes of Pijx are confirmed by gene knockout and overexpression experiments. Mechanistically, the LRR domain in Pijx interacts with and promotes the degradation of the ATP synthase β subunit (ATPb) via the 26S proteasome pathway. ATPb acts as a negative regulator of Pijx-mediated panicle blast resistance, and interacts with OsRbohC to promote its degradation. Consistently, loss of ATPb function causes an increase in NAPDH content and ROS burst. Remarkably, when Pijx is introgressed into two japonica rice varieties, the introgression lines show BSR and increased yields that are approximately 51.59% and 79.31% higher compared with those of their parents in a natural blast disease nursery. In addition, we generate PPLPijx Pigm and PPLPijx Piz-t pyramided lines and these lines also have higher BSR to panicle blast compared with Pigm- or Piz-t-containing rice plants. Collectively, this study demonstrates that Pijx not only confers BSR to M. oryzae but also maintains high and stable rice yield, providing new genetic resources and molecular targets for breeding rice varieties with broad-spectrum blast resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Xiao
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences for Lixiahe Region in Jiangsu, Yangzhou Rice Experiment Station of the China Agricultural Research System, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yunyu Wu
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences for Lixiahe Region in Jiangsu, Yangzhou Rice Experiment Station of the China Agricultural Research System, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Xiaoxiang Zhang
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences for Lixiahe Region in Jiangsu, Yangzhou Rice Experiment Station of the China Agricultural Research System, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Zeyun Hao
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zichun Chen
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences for Lixiahe Region in Jiangsu, Yangzhou Rice Experiment Station of the China Agricultural Research System, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Zefeng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics, Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yue Cai
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences for Lixiahe Region in Jiangsu, Yangzhou Rice Experiment Station of the China Agricultural Research System, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Ruyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ling Yu
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences for Lixiahe Region in Jiangsu, Yangzhou Rice Experiment Station of the China Agricultural Research System, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Zhiping Wang
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences for Lixiahe Region in Jiangsu, Yangzhou Rice Experiment Station of the China Agricultural Research System, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yue Lu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics, Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Wei Shi
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences for Lixiahe Region in Jiangsu, Yangzhou Rice Experiment Station of the China Agricultural Research System, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Cunhong Pan
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences for Lixiahe Region in Jiangsu, Yangzhou Rice Experiment Station of the China Agricultural Research System, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yuhong Li
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences for Lixiahe Region in Jiangsu, Yangzhou Rice Experiment Station of the China Agricultural Research System, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Changhai Zhou
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences for Lixiahe Region in Jiangsu, Yangzhou Rice Experiment Station of the China Agricultural Research System, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Jianju Liu
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences for Lixiahe Region in Jiangsu, Yangzhou Rice Experiment Station of the China Agricultural Research System, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Niansheng Huang
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences for Lixiahe Region in Jiangsu, Yangzhou Rice Experiment Station of the China Agricultural Research System, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Guangqing Liu
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences for Lixiahe Region in Jiangsu, Yangzhou Rice Experiment Station of the China Agricultural Research System, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Hongjuan Ji
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences for Lixiahe Region in Jiangsu, Yangzhou Rice Experiment Station of the China Agricultural Research System, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Shuhao Zhu
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences for Lixiahe Region in Jiangsu, Yangzhou Rice Experiment Station of the China Agricultural Research System, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Shuai Fang
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences for Lixiahe Region in Jiangsu, Yangzhou Rice Experiment Station of the China Agricultural Research System, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yuese Ning
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Aihong Li
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences for Lixiahe Region in Jiangsu, Yangzhou Rice Experiment Station of the China Agricultural Research System, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou 225009, China.
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21
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Sharifsadat SZ, Aghdasi M, Ghanati F, Arzanesh MH. Harmonized biochemical modification of cell walls to get permission for entrance of Azospirillum sp. to rice roots. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 335:111823. [PMID: 37572965 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
Biological nitrogen-fixation is important in increasing crop efficiency. Azospirillum is a nitrogen-fixing microorganism that naturally coexists with grasses roots. The present study was undertaken to clarify the role of rice root cell walls in the acceptance of two Azospirillum species, alone or in combination with indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and gibberellic acid (GA3) treatments. Rice seedlings were grown in Yoshida solution for 21 days and then inoculated with A. brasilense and A. irakens in the presence of 0, 0.57, and 1.14 mM of IAA or 0, 0.29, and 0.58 mM GA3 or a combination of 1.14 mM of IAA and 0.58 mM of GA3. The results showed that the amount of hydrogen peroxide, lipid peroxidation, total nitrogen and activity of ferulic acid peroxidase, NADPH oxidase, nitrate reductase, pectin methyl esterase, cellulase, mannanase, xylanase and pectinase were significantly increased in inoculated samples treated with or without phytohormones. The highest activity of these enzymes was observed in A. brasilense- inoculated rice roots in auxin+gibberellin treatment. In the latter, the activity of phenylalanine ammonia lyase and wall ferulic acid peroxidase enzymes, the content of cell wall polysaccharide, lignin, and total phenolic compounds were the least, compared to controls and also with those samples which were inoculated with A. irakens. The results indicate an active role of the wall and its enzymes in allowing bacteria to enter the roots. Understanding this mechanism can improve the methods of inoculating bacteria into plants and increase crop efficiency, which will result in reduced use of chemical fertilizers and their destructive environmental effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mahnaz Aghdasi
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Department Biology, Golestan University, Gorgan, Iran.
| | - Faezeh Ghanati
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Biological Scuience, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Arzanesh
- Department of Soil and Water Research, Golestan's Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, Gorgan, Iran
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22
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Hao G, Rhoades NA, McCormick S. Chitin and laminarin additively trigger wheat reactive oxygen species but not resistance to Fusarium head blight. PLANT DIRECT 2023; 7:e538. [PMID: 37854878 PMCID: PMC10580251 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Plants respond to fungal infections by activating defense genes including producing reactive oxygen species (ROS). The fungus Fusarium graminearum causes Fusarium head blight (FHB), a serious disease of wheat and barley. FHB results in crop yield loss and contaminates grain with mycotoxins. In a prior study, we discovered that chitin induces tissue-specific ROS burst in wheat. However, it is unknown whether other fungal cell wall components could induce defense response in wheat. Therefore, we evaluated ROS and defense gene responses in different wheat tissues that had been treated with chitin, laminarin, or both. Different ROS patterns were induced in wheat treated with laminarin or chitin. Furthermore, we found that ROS were enhanced in wheat tissues treated with both chitin and laminarin. This study provides novel information for enhancing plat immunity to increase plant resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guixia Hao
- Mycotoxin Prevention and Applied Microbiology Research UnitUSDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Center for Agricultural Utilization ResearchPeoriaIllinoisUSA
| | - Nicholas A. Rhoades
- Mycotoxin Prevention and Applied Microbiology Research UnitUSDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Center for Agricultural Utilization ResearchPeoriaIllinoisUSA
- Mycotoxin Prevention and Applied Microbiology Research UnitOak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Center for Agricultural Utilization ResearchPeoriaIllinoisUSA
| | - Susan McCormick
- Mycotoxin Prevention and Applied Microbiology Research UnitUSDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Center for Agricultural Utilization ResearchPeoriaIllinoisUSA
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23
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Meddya S, Meshram S, Sarkar D, S R, Datta R, Singh S, Avinash G, Kumar Kondeti A, Savani AK, Thulasinathan T. Plant Stomata: An Unrealized Possibility in Plant Defense against Invading Pathogens and Stress Tolerance. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3380. [PMID: 37836120 PMCID: PMC10574665 DOI: 10.3390/plants12193380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Stomata are crucial structures in plants that play a primary role in the infection process during a pathogen's attack, as they act as points of access for invading pathogens to enter host tissues. Recent evidence has revealed that stomata are integral to the plant defense system and can actively impede invading pathogens by triggering plant defense responses. Stomata interact with diverse pathogen virulence factors, granting them the capacity to influence plant susceptibility and resistance. Moreover, recent studies focusing on the environmental and microbial regulation of stomatal closure and opening have shed light on the epidemiology of bacterial diseases in plants. Bacteria and fungi can induce stomatal closure using pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), effectively preventing entry through these openings and positioning stomata as a critical component of the plant's innate immune system; however, despite this defense mechanism, some microorganisms have evolved strategies to overcome stomatal protection. Interestingly, recent research supports the hypothesis that stomatal closure caused by PAMPs may function as a more robust barrier against pathogen infection than previously believed. On the other hand, plant stomatal closure is also regulated by factors such as abscisic acid and Ca2+-permeable channels, which will also be discussed in this review. Therefore, this review aims to discuss various roles of stomata during biotic and abiotic stress, such as insects and water stress, and with specific context to pathogens and their strategies for evading stomatal defense, subverting plant resistance, and overcoming challenges faced by infectious propagules. These pathogens must navigate specific plant tissues and counteract various constitutive and inducible resistance mechanisms, making the role of stomata in plant defense an essential area of study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandipan Meddya
- School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
| | - Shweta Meshram
- School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
| | - Deepranjan Sarkar
- Department of Agriculture, Integral Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, Integral University, Lucknow 226026, India;
| | - Rakesh S
- Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Pundibari, Cooch Behar 736165, India;
| | - Rahul Datta
- Department of Geology and Pedology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, 61300 Brno, Czech Republic;
| | - Sachidanand Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Smt. S. S. Patel Nootan Science and Commerce College, Sankalchand Patel University, Visnagar 384315, India;
| | - Gosangi Avinash
- Department of Biochemistry, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141027, India;
| | - Arun Kumar Kondeti
- Department of Agronomy, Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University, Regional Agricultural Research Station, Nandyal 518502, India;
| | - Ajit Kumar Savani
- Department of Plant Pathology, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat 785013, India;
| | - Thiyagarajan Thulasinathan
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Centre for Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, India;
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24
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Esparza-Reynoso S, Ávalos-Rangel A, Pelagio-Flores R, López-Bucio J. Reactive oxygen species and NADPH oxidase-encoding genes underly the plant growth and developmental responses to Trichoderma. PROTOPLASMA 2023; 260:1257-1269. [PMID: 36877382 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-023-01847-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The modulation of plant growth and development through reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a hallmark during the interactions with microorganisms, but how fungi and their molecules influence endogenous ROS production in the root remains unknown. In this report, we correlated the biostimulant effect of Trichoderma atroviride with Arabidopsis root development via ROS signaling. T. atroviride enhanced ROS accumulation in primary root tips, lateral root primordia, and emerged lateral roots as revealed by total ROS imaging through the fluorescent probe H2DCF-DA and NBT detection. Acidification of the substrate and emission of the volatile organic compound 6-pentyl-2H-pyran-2-one appear to be major factors by which the fungus triggers ROS accumulation. Besides, the disruption of plant NADPH oxidases, also known as respiratory burst oxidase homologs (RBOHs) including ROBHA, RBOHD, but mainly RBOHE, impaired root and shoot fresh weight and the root branching enhanced by the fungus in vitro. RbohE mutant plants displayed poor lateral root proliferation and lower superoxide levels than wild-type seedlings in both primary and lateral roots, indicating a role for this enzyme for T. atroviride-induced root branching. These data shed light on the roles of ROS as messengers for plant growth and root architectural changes during the plant-Trichoderma interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saraí Esparza-Reynoso
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Edificio B3, Ciudad Universitaria C. P, 58030, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico
| | - Adrián Ávalos-Rangel
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Edificio B3, Ciudad Universitaria C. P, 58030, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico
| | - Ramón Pelagio-Flores
- Facultad de Químico Farmacobiología, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, C. P, 58240, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico
| | - José López-Bucio
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Edificio B3, Ciudad Universitaria C. P, 58030, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico.
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25
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Sims I, Jayaweera D, Swarup K, Ray RV. Molecular Characterization of Defense of Brassica napus (Oilseed Rape) to Rhizoctonia solani AG2-1 Confirmed by Functional Analysis in Arabidopsis thaliana. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2023; 113:1525-1536. [PMID: 36935378 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-08-22-0305-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Rhizoctonia solani is a necrotrophic, soilborne fungal pathogen associated with significant establishment losses in Brassica napus (oilseed rape; OSR). The anastomosis group (AG) 2-1 of R. solani is the most virulent to OSR, causing damping-off, root and hypocotyl rot, and seedling death. Resistance to R. solani AG2-1 in OSR has not been identified, and the regulation of OSR defense to its adapted pathogen, AG2-1, has not been investigated. In this work, we used confocal microscopy to visualize the progress of infection by sclerotia of AG2-1 on B. napus varieties with contrasting disease phenotypes. We defined their defense response using gene expression studies and functional analysis with Arabidopsis thaliana mutants. Our results showed existing variation in susceptibility to AG2-1 and plant growth between OSR varieties, and differential expression of genes of hormonal and defense pathways related to auxin, ethylene, jasmonic acid, abscisic acid, salicylic acid, and reactive oxygen species regulation. Auxin, abscisic acid signaling, and the MYC2 branch of jasmonate signaling contributed to the susceptibility to AG2-1, while induced systemic resistance was enhanced by NAPDH RBOHD, ethylene signaling, and the ERF/PDF branch of jasmonate signaling. These results pave the way for future research, which will lead to the development of Brassica crops that are more resistant to AG2-1 of R. solani and reduce dependence on chemical control options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Sims
- Division of Plant and Crop Sciences, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, Leicestershire, LE12 5RD
| | - Dasuni Jayaweera
- Division of Plant and Crop Sciences, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, Leicestershire, LE12 5RD
| | - Kamal Swarup
- Division of Plant and Crop Sciences, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, Leicestershire, LE12 5RD
| | - Rumiana V Ray
- Division of Plant and Crop Sciences, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, Leicestershire, LE12 5RD
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26
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Xing X, Cao C, Li S, Wang H, Xu Z, Qi Y, Tong F, Jiang H, Wang X. α-naphthaleneacetic acid positively regulates soybean seed germination and seedling establishment by increasing antioxidant capacity, triacylglycerol mobilization and sucrose transport under drought stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 201:107890. [PMID: 37454467 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress is an important constraint for the germination of soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) seeds and seedling establishment. A pot experiment was conducted to determine the effects of priming soybean seeds with 5 μM α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and the mechanism responsible for the induced tolerance of drought stress (soil relative water content of 55%). NAA priming inhibited drought-induced oxidative damage in seeds, and further analysis indicated that it induced an early spike in hydrogen peroxide content by the upregulation of abscisic acid-dependent GmRbohC2, resulting in an enhancement of antioxidant capacity. Moreover, NAA priming also improved the hydrolysis of triacylglycerol (TAG) to sucrose in stressed cotyledons by causing a 2- to 5-fold increase in the transcript levels of GmSDP1, GmACX2, GmMFP2, GmICL, GmMLS, GmGLI1, GmPCK1, GmFBPase1, GmSPS1 and GmSPS2. Consistently, it upregulated the expression levels of GmSUT1, GmCWINV1 and GmMST2 under drought stress, thus enhancing the transport of sucrose from cotyledons to embryonic axes, providing carbon skeletons and energy for axis growth. The seed germination percentage increased by 208.1% at 21 h after sowing, and seedling establishment percentage increased by 47.8% at 14 days after sowing. Collectively, the positive effects of NAA priming on seed germination and seedling establishment can be attributed to enhanced antioxidant ability in seeds, TAG mobilization in cotyledons and sucrose transport from cotyledons to embryonic axes under drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinghua Xing
- Jiangsu Xuhuai Regional Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Xuzhou, 221131, China
| | - Chunxin Cao
- Jinhua Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinhua, 321017, China
| | - Simeng Li
- Jiangsu Xuhuai Regional Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Xuzhou, 221131, China
| | - Haorang Wang
- Jiangsu Xuhuai Regional Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Xuzhou, 221131, China
| | - Zejun Xu
- Jiangsu Xuhuai Regional Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Xuzhou, 221131, China
| | - Yujun Qi
- Jiangsu Xuhuai Regional Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Xuzhou, 221131, China
| | - Fei Tong
- Jiangsu Xuhuai Regional Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Xuzhou, 221131, China
| | - Haidong Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology in Southern China, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Jiangsu Xuhuai Regional Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Xuzhou, 221131, China.
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27
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Ouyang Q, Zhang Y, Yang X, Yang C, Hou D, Liu H, Xu H. Overexpression of OsPIN9 Impairs Chilling Tolerance via Disturbing ROS Homeostasis in Rice. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2809. [PMID: 37570963 PMCID: PMC10421329 DOI: 10.3390/plants12152809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
The auxin efflux transporter PIN-FORMED (PIN) family is one of the major protein families that facilitates polar auxin transport in plants. Here, we report that overexpression of OsPIN9 leads to altered plant architecture and chilling tolerance in rice. The expression profile analysis indicated that OsPIN9 was gradually suppressed by chilling stress. The shoot height and adventitious root number of OsPIN9-overexpressing (OE) plants were significantly reduced at the seedling stage. The roots of OE plants were more tolerant to N-1-naphthylphthalamic acid (NPA) treatment than WT plants, indicating the disturbance of auxin homeostasis in OE lines. The chilling tolerance assay showed that the survival rate of OE plants was markedly lower than that of wild-type (WT) plants. Consistently, more dead cells, increased electrolyte leakage, and increased malondialdehyde (MDA) content were observed in OE plants compared to those in WT plants under chilling conditions. Notably, OE plants accumulated more hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and less superoxide anion radicals (O2-) than WT plants under chilling conditions. In contrast, catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities in OE lines decreased significantly compared to those in WT plants at the early chilling stage, implying that the impaired chilling tolerance of transgenic plants is probably attributed to the sharp induction of H2O2 and the delayed induction of antioxidant enzyme activities at this stage. In addition, several OsRboh genes, which play a crucial role in ROS production under abiotic stress, showed an obvious increase after chilling stress in OE plants compared to that in WT plants, which probably at least in part contributes to the production of ROS under chilling stress in OE plants. Together, our results reveal that OsPIN9 plays a vital role in regulating plant architecture and, more importantly, is involved in regulating rice chilling tolerance by influencing auxin and ROS homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Huawei Xu
- College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, China; (Q.O.); (Y.Z.); (X.Y.); (C.Y.); (D.H.); (H.L.)
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28
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Zan X, Zhou Z, Wan J, Chen H, Zhu J, Xu H, Zhang J, Li X, Gao X, Chen R, Huang Z, Xu Z, Li L. Overexpression of OsHAD3, a Member of HAD Superfamily, Decreases Drought Tolerance of Rice. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 16:31. [PMID: 37468664 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-023-00647-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Haloacid dehalogenase-like hydrolase (HAD) superfamily have been shown to get involved in plant growth and abiotic stress response. Although the various functions and regulatory mechanism of HAD superfamily have been well demonstrated, we know little about the function of this family in conferring abiotic stress tolerance to rice. Here, we report OsHAD3, a HAD superfamily member, could affect drought tolerance of rice. Under drought stress, overexpression of OsHAD3 increases the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde than wild type. OsHAD3-overexpression lines decreased but antisense-expression lines increased the roots length under drought stress and the transcription levels of many well-known stress-related genes were also changed in plants with different genotypes. Furthermore, overexpression of OsHAD3 also decreases the oxidative tolerance. Our results suggest that overexpression of OsHAD3 could decrease the drought tolerance of rice and provide a new strategy for improving drought tolerance in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Zan
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhanmei Zhou
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiale Wan
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Chen
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiali Zhu
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Haoran Xu
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Zhang
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohong Li
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoling Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China
- Crop Ecophysiology and Cultivation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongjun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China
- Crop Ecophysiology and Cultivation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengjian Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China
- Crop Ecophysiology and Cultivation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengjun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China.
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China.
- Crop Ecophysiology and Cultivation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lihua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China.
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China.
- Crop Ecophysiology and Cultivation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, People's Republic of China.
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Deng B, Zhao J, Zhang Y, Fan Y, Tian S. Exogenous ATP triggers antioxidant defense system and alleviates Cd toxicity in maize seedlings. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 256:114898. [PMID: 37043944 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The role of exogenous adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) in the regulation of antioxidant response in plants under heavy metal stress is unclear. Here, we investigated the effects of exogenous ATP application on plant growth, antioxidant response, and Cd accumulation in maize seedlings. Treatment with 0.1 mM CdCl2 moderately reduced dry weight, decreased chlorophyll content, impaired photosynthesis, and increased lipid peroxidation in maize seedlings compared with controls. However, toxicity due to Cd was alleviated after 10-200 µM ATP treatment. Subsequently, the activity of Cd-regulated antioxidant enzymes, antioxidant metabolite accumulation, and total antioxidant capacity were drastically enhanced after 50 µM ATP treatment. Similar patterns were observed in the ADP-treated group but not in the AMP-treated group under Cd stress. However, the ATP-induced elevation in antioxidant defense ability was decreased by the inhibition of NADPH oxidase (NOX). ATP-induced elevation in NOX activity and H2O2 production was partly reversed by the inhibition of NOX in maize seedlings under Cd stress. Furthermore, ATP promoted Cd accumulation in the roots and shoots of maize seedlings. However, the ATP-induced increase in Cd accumulation was partly abolished by the inhibition of NOX. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the role and mechanism of exogenous ATP in regulating plant growth, antioxidant response, and heavy metal phytoextraction. The study provides a new method based on exogenous ATP for enhancing heavy metal tolerance in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benliang Deng
- Life Science College, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, Henan 471934, China.
| | - Jing Zhao
- Clinical Laboratory of Dingxi People's Hospital, Dingxi, Gansu 743000, China
| | - Yumeng Zhang
- School of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, China
| | - Yipu Fan
- Life Science College, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, Henan 471934, China
| | - Shan Tian
- Life Science College, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, Henan 471934, China
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Otulak-Kozieł K, Kozieł E, Treder K, Király L. Glutathione Contribution in Interactions between Turnip mosaic virus and Arabidopsis thaliana Mutants Lacking Respiratory Burst Oxidase Homologs D and F. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087128. [PMID: 37108292 PMCID: PMC10138990 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Respiratory burst oxidase homologs (Rbohs) play crucial and diverse roles in plant tissue-mediated production of reactive oxygen species during the development, growth, and response of plants to abiotic and biotic stress. Many studies have demonstrated the contribution of RbohD and RbohF in stress signaling in pathogen response differentially modulating the immune response, but the potential role of the Rbohs-mediated response in plant-virus interactions remains unknown. The present study analyzed, for the first time, the metabolism of glutathione in rbohD-, rbohF-, and rbohD/F-transposon-knockout mutants in response to Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) infection. rbohD-TuMV and Col-0-TuMV interactions were characterized by susceptible reaction to TuMV, associated with significant activity of GPXLs (glutathione peroxidase-like enzymes) and induction of lipid peroxidation in comparison to mock-inoculated plants, with reduced total cellular and apoplastic glutathione content observed at 7-14 dpi and dynamic induction of apoplast GSSG (oxidized glutathione) at 1-14 dpi. Systemic virus infection resulted in the induction of AtGSTU1 and AtGSTU24, which was highly correlated with significant downregulation of GSTs (glutathione transferases) and cellular and apoplastic GGT (γ-glutamyl transferase) with GR (glutathione reductase) activities. On the contrary, resistant rbohF-TuMV reactions, and especially enhanced rbohD/F-TuMV reactions, were characterized by a highly dynamic increase in total cellular and apoplastic glutathione content, with induction of relative expression of AtGGT1, AtGSTU13, and AtGSTU19 genes. Moreover, virus limitation was highly correlated with the upregulation of GSTs, as well as cellular and apoplastic GGT with GR activities. These findings clearly indicate that glutathione can act as a key signaling factor in not only susceptible rbohD reaction but also the resistance reaction presented by rbohF and rbohD/F mutants during TuMV interaction. Furthermore, by actively reducing the pool of glutathione in the apoplast, GGT and GR enzymes acted as a cell first line in the Arabidopsis-TuMV pathosystem response, protecting the cell from oxidative stress in resistant interactions. These dynamically changed signal transductions involved symplast and apoplast in mediated response to TuMV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Otulak-Kozieł
- Department of Botany, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska Street 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Edmund Kozieł
- Department of Botany, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska Street 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Treder
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostic and Biochemistry, Bonin Research Center, Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute-National Research Institute, 76-009 Bonin, Poland
| | - Lóránt Király
- Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), 15 Herman Ottó Str., H-1022 Budapest, Hungary
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Hu CH, Li BB, Chen P, Shen HY, Xi WG, Zhang Y, Yue ZH, Wang HX, Ma KS, Li LL, Chen KM. Identification of CDPKs involved in TaNOX7 mediated ROS production in wheat. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:1108622. [PMID: 36756230 PMCID: PMC9900008 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1108622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
As the critical sensors and decoders of calcium signal, calcium-dependent protein kinase (CDPK) has become the focus of current research, especially in plants. However, few resources are available on the properties and functions of CDPK gene family in Triticum aestivum (TaCDPK). Here, a total of 79 CDPK genes were identified in the wheat genome. These TaCDPKs could be classified into four subgroups on phylogenesis, while they may be classified into two subgroups based on their tissue and organ-spatiotemporal expression profiles or three subgroups according to their induced expression patterns. The analysis on the signal network relationships and interactions of TaCDPKs and NADPH (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidases, NOXs), the key producers for reactive oxygen species (ROS), showed that there are complicated cross-talks between these two family proteins. Further experiments demonstrate that, two members of TaCDPKs, TaCDPK2/4, can interact with TaNOX7, an important member of wheat NOXs, and enhanced the TaNOX7-mediated ROS production. All the results suggest that TaCDPKs are highly expressed in wheat with distinct tissue or organ-specificity and stress-inducible diversity, and play vital roles in plant development and response to biotic and abiotic stresses by directly interacting with TaNOXs for ROS production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Hong Hu
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
| | - Bin-Bin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Peng Chen
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
| | - Hai-Yan Shen
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
| | - Wei-Gang Xi
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Molecular Breeding, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
| | - Zong-Hao Yue
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
| | - Hong-Xing Wang
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
| | - Ke-Shi Ma
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
| | - Li-Li Li
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Molecular Breeding, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou, China
| | - Kun-Ming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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Fine Tuning of ROS, Redox and Energy Regulatory Systems Associated with the Functions of Chloroplasts and Mitochondria in Plants under Heat Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021356. [PMID: 36674866 PMCID: PMC9865929 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat stress severely affects plant growth and crop production. It is therefore urgent to uncover the mechanisms underlying heat stress responses of plants and establish the strategies to enhance heat tolerance of crops. The chloroplasts and mitochondria are known to be highly sensitive to heat stress. Heat stress negatively impacts on the electron transport chains, leading to increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that can cause damages on the chloroplasts and mitochondria. Disruptions of photosynthetic and respiratory metabolisms under heat stress also trigger increase in ROS and alterations in redox status in the chloroplasts and mitochondria. However, ROS and altered redox status in these organelles also activate important mechanisms that maintain functions of these organelles under heat stress, which include HSP-dependent pathways, ROS scavenging systems and retrograde signaling. To discuss heat responses associated with energy regulating organelles, we should not neglect the energy regulatory hub involving TARGET OF RAPAMYCIN (TOR) and SNF-RELATED PROTEIN KINASE 1 (SnRK1). Although roles of TOR and SnRK1 in the regulation of heat responses are still unknown, contributions of these proteins to the regulation of the functions of energy producing organelles implicate the possible involvement of this energy regulatory hub in heat acclimation of plants.
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Li E, Zhang YL, Qin Z, Xu M, Qiao Q, Li S, Li SW, Zhang Y. Signaling network controlling ROP-mediated tip growth in Arabidopsis and beyond. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2023; 4:100451. [PMID: 36114666 PMCID: PMC9860187 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2022.100451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cell polarity operates across a broad range of spatial and temporal scales and is essential for specific biological functions of polarized cells. Tip growth is a special type of polarization in which a single and unique polarization site is established and maintained, as for the growth of root hairs and pollen tubes in plants. Extensive studies in past decades have demonstrated that the spatiotemporal localization and activity of Rho of Plants (ROPs), the only class of Rho GTPases in plants, are critical for tip growth. ROPs are switched on or off by different factors to initiate dynamic intracellular activities, leading to tip growth. Recent studies have also uncovered several feedback modules for ROP signaling. In this review, we summarize recent progress on ROP signaling in tip growth, focusing on molecular mechanisms that underlie the dynamic distribution and activity of ROPs in Arabidopsis. We also highlight feedback modules that control ROP-mediated tip growth and provide a perspective for building a complex ROP signaling network. Finally, we provide an evolutionary perspective for ROP-mediated tip growth in Physcomitrella patens and during plant-rhizobia interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- En Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China.
| | - Yu-Ling Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zheng Qin
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Meng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Qian Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Sha Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Shan-Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China.
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Alipour S, Wojciechowska N, Bujarska-Borkowska B, Kalemba EM. Distinct redox state regulation in the seedling performance of Norway maple and sycamore. JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH 2023; 136:83-96. [PMID: 36385674 PMCID: PMC9831958 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-022-01419-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Norway maple and sycamore, two Acer genus species, have an important ecological value and different sensitivity to stressing factors being currently aggravated by climate change. Seedling growth is postulated to be the main barrier for successful plant establishment under the climate change scenarios. Therefore, the differences in redox regulation during the seedling performance of Norway maple and sycamore were investigated. Seeds of the two Acer species exhibited an identical high germination capacity, whereas seedling emergence was higher in sycamores. PCA analyses revealed that there is more diversification in the leaf characteristics than roots. Norway maple displayed a higher chlorophyll content index (CCI) with a similar leaf mass whereas sycamore seedlings exhibited a higher normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), higher water content, higher root biomass and higher shoot height. Based on NDVI, sycamore seedlings appeared as very healthy plants, whereas Norway maple seedlings displayed a moderate healthy phenotype. Therefore, redox basis of seedling performance was investigated. The total pool of glutathione was four times higher in sycamore leaves than in Norway maple leaves and was reflected in highly reduced half-cell reduction potential of glutathione. Sycamore leaves contained more ascorbate because the content of its reduced form (AsA) was twice as high as in Norway maple. Therefore, the AsA/DHA ratio was balanced in sycamore leaves, reaching 1, and was halved in Norway maple leaves. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate content was twice as high in sycamore leaves than in Norway maples; however, its reduced form (NADPH) was predominant in Norway maple seedlings. Norway maple leaves exhibited the highest anabolic and catabolic redox charge. The higher reduction capacity and the activity of NADPH-dependent reductases in Norway maple leaves possibly resulted in higher CCI, whereas the larger root system contributed to higher NDVI in sycamore. The different methods of controlling redox parameters in Acer seedlings grown at controlled conditions provided here can be useful in understanding how tree species can cope with a changing environment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Alipour
- Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Parkowa 5, 62035, Kórnik, Poland
| | - Natalia Wojciechowska
- Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Parkowa 5, 62035, Kórnik, Poland
- Department of General Botany, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, Poznań, Poland
| | | | - Ewa Marzena Kalemba
- Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Parkowa 5, 62035, Kórnik, Poland.
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35
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Polyamine Oxidase-Generated Reactive Oxygen Species in Plant Development and Adaptation: The Polyamine Oxidase-NADPH Oxidase Nexus. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11122488. [PMID: 36552696 PMCID: PMC9774701 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11122488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolism and regulation of cellular polyamine levels are crucial for living cells to maintain their homeostasis and function. Polyamine oxidases (PAOs) terminally catabolize polyamines or catalyse the back-conversion reactions when spermine is converted to spermidine and Spd to putrescine. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a by-product of both the catabolic and back-conversion processes. Pharmacological and genetic approaches have started to uncover the roles of PAO-generated H2O2 in various plant developmental and adaptation processes such as cell differentiation, senescence, programmed cell death, and abiotic and biotic stress responses. Many of these studies have revealed that the superoxide-generating Respiratory Burst Oxidase Homolog (RBOH) NADPH oxidases control the same processes either upstream or downstream of PAO action. Therefore, it is reasonable to suppose that the two enzymes co-ordinately control the cellular homeostasis of reactive oxygen species. The intricate relationship between PAOs and RBOHs is also discussed, posing the hypothesis that these enzymes indirectly control each other's abundance/function via H2O2.
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Szechyńska-Hebda M, Ghalami RZ, Kamran M, Van Breusegem F, Karpiński S. To Be or Not to Be? Are Reactive Oxygen Species, Antioxidants, and Stress Signalling Universal Determinants of Life or Death? Cells 2022; 11:cells11244105. [PMID: 36552869 PMCID: PMC9777155 DOI: 10.3390/cells11244105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In the environmental and organism context, oxidative stress is complex and unavoidable. Organisms simultaneously cope with a various combination of stress factors in natural conditions. For example, excess light stress is accompanied by UV stress, heat shock stress, and/or water stress. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant molecules, coordinated by electrical signalling (ES), are an integral part of the stress signalling network in cells and organisms. They together regulate gene expression to redirect energy to growth, acclimation, or defence, and thereby, determine cellular stress memory and stress crosstalk. In plants, both abiotic and biotic stress increase energy quenching, photorespiration, stomatal closure, and leaf temperature, while toning down photosynthesis and transpiration. Locally applied stress induces ES, ROS, retrograde signalling, cell death, and cellular light memory, then acclimation and defence responses in the local organs, whole plant, or even plant community (systemic acquired acclimation, systemic acquired resistance, network acquired acclimation). A simplified analogy can be found in animals where diseases vs. fitness and prolonged lifespan vs. faster aging, are dependent on mitochondrial ROS production and ES, and body temperature is regulated by sweating, temperature-dependent respiration, and gene regulation. In this review, we discuss the universal features of stress factors, ES, the cellular production of ROS molecules, ROS scavengers, hormones, and other regulators that coordinate life and death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Szechyńska-Hebda
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
- W. Szafer Institute of Botany of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Lubicz 46, 31-512 Kraków, Poland
- Correspondence: or (M.S.-H.); (S.K.)
| | - Roshanak Zarrin Ghalami
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Muhammad Kamran
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Frank Van Breusegem
- UGent Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, VIB-UGent Center for Plant Systems Biology Ghent University, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Stanisław Karpiński
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence: or (M.S.-H.); (S.K.)
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Zulfiqar F, Nafees M, Chen J, Darras A, Ferrante A, Hancock JT, Ashraf M, Zaid A, Latif N, Corpas FJ, Altaf MA, Siddique KHM. Chemical priming enhances plant tolerance to salt stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:946922. [PMID: 36160964 PMCID: PMC9490053 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.946922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Salt stress severely limits the productivity of crop plants worldwide and its detrimental effects are aggravated by climate change. Due to a significant world population growth, agriculture has expanded to marginal and salinized regions, which usually render low crop yield. In this context, finding methods and strategies to improve plant tolerance against salt stress is of utmost importance to fulfill food security challenges under the scenario of the ever-increasing human population. Plant priming, at different stages of plant development, such as seed or seedling, has gained significant attention for its marked implication in crop salt-stress management. It is a promising field relying on the applications of specific chemical agents which could effectively improve plant salt-stress tolerance. Currently, a variety of chemicals, both inorganic and organic, which can efficiently promote plant growth and crop yield are available in the market. This review summarizes our current knowledge of the promising roles of diverse molecules/compounds, such as hydrogen sulfide (H2S), molecular hydrogen, nitric oxide (NO), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), melatonin, chitosan, silicon, ascorbic acid (AsA), tocopherols, and trehalose (Tre) as potential primers that enhance the salinity tolerance of crop plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal Zulfiqar
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Nafees
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Jianjun Chen
- Mid-Florida Research and Education Center, Environmental Horticulture Department, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Apopka, FL, United States
| | - Anastasios Darras
- Department of Agriculture, University of the Peloponnese, Kalamata, Greece
| | - Antonio Ferrante
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Science, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - John T. Hancock
- Department of Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Muhammad Ashraf
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Abbu Zaid
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Nadeem Latif
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Francisco J. Corpas
- Antioxidant, Free Radical and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture Group, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Granada, Spain
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Yildiztugay E, Ozfidan-Konakci C, Arikan B, Alp FN, Elbasan F, Zengin G, Cavusoglu H, Sakalak H. The hormetic dose-risks of polymethyl methacrylate nanoplastics on chlorophyll a fluorescence transient, lipid composition and antioxidant system in Lactuca sativa. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 308:119651. [PMID: 35752396 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nanoplastic pollution has become an increasing problem due to over-consumption and degradation in ecosystems. A little is known about ecological toxicity and the potential risks of nanoplastics on plants. To better comprehend the hormetic effects of nanoplastics, the experimental design was conducted on the impacts of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) on water status, growth, gas exchange, chlorophyll a fluorescence transient, reactive oxygen species (ROS) content (both content and fluorescence visualization), lipid peroxidation and antioxidant capacity (comparatively between leaves and roots). For this purpose, PMMA (10, 20, 50 and 100 mg L-1) was hydroponically applied to Lactuca sativa for 15 days(d). PMMA exposure resulted a decline in the growth, water content and osmotic potential. As based on assimilation rate (A), stomatal conductance (gs), and intercellular CO2 concentrations (Ci), the decreased stomatal limitation (Ls) and, A/Ci and increased intrinsic mesophyll efficiency proved low carboxylation efficiency showing impaired photosynthesis as a non-stomatal limitation. PMMA toxicity increased the trapping fluxes and absorption with a decrease in electron transport fluxes caused the disruption in reaction centers of photosystems. The leaves and roots had a similar effect against PMMA toxicity, with increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. Although, catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POX) of leaves increased under 10 mg L-1 PMMA, these defense activities failed to prevent radicals from attacking. Compared to the leaves, the lettuce roots showed an intriguing result for AsA-GSH cycle against PMMA exposure. In the roots, the lowest PMMA application provided the high ascorbate/dehydroascorbate (AsA/DHA), GSH/GSSG and the pool of AsA/glutathione (GSH) and non-suppressed GSH redox state. Also, 10 mg L-1 PMMA helped remove high hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by both glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and glutathione S-transferase (GST). Since this improvement in the antioxidant system could not be continued in roots after higher applications than 20 mg L-1 PMMA, TBARS (Thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances), indicating the level of lipid peroxidation, and H2O2 increased. Our findings obtained from PMMA-applied lettuce provide new information to advance the tolerance mechanism against nanoplastic pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evren Yildiztugay
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University, Selcuklu, 42130, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Ceyda Ozfidan-Konakci
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Necmettin Erbakan University, Meram, 42090, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Busra Arikan
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University, Selcuklu, 42130, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Fatma Nur Alp
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University, Selcuklu, 42130, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Fevzi Elbasan
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University, Selcuklu, 42130, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University, Selcuklu, 42130, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Halit Cavusoglu
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University, Selcuklu, 42130, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Huseyin Sakalak
- Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Selcuk University, Selcuklu, 42130, Konya, Turkey.
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Hu C, Chen P, Zhou X, Li Y, Ma K, Li S, Liu H, Li L. Arms Race between the Host and Pathogen Associated with Fusarium Head Blight of Wheat. Cells 2022; 11:2275. [PMID: 35892572 PMCID: PMC9332245 DOI: 10.3390/cells11152275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusarium head blight (FHB), or scab, caused by Fusarium species, is an extremely destructive fungal disease in wheat worldwide. In recent decades, researchers have made unremitting efforts in genetic breeding and control technology related to FHB and have made great progress, especially in the exploration of germplasm resources resistant to FHB; identification and pathogenesis of pathogenic strains; discovery and identification of disease-resistant genes; biochemical control, and so on. However, FHB burst have not been effectively controlled and thereby pose increasingly severe threats to wheat productivity. This review focuses on recent advances in pathogenesis, resistance quantitative trait loci (QTLs)/genes, resistance mechanism, and signaling pathways. We identify two primary pathogenetic patterns of Fusarium species and three significant signaling pathways mediated by UGT, WRKY, and SnRK1, respectively; many publicly approved superstar QTLs and genes are fully summarized to illustrate the pathogenetic patterns of Fusarium species, signaling behavior of the major genes, and their sophisticated and dexterous crosstalk. Besides the research status of FHB resistance, breeding bottlenecks in resistant germplasm resources are also analyzed deeply. Finally, this review proposes that the maintenance of intracellular ROS (reactive oxygen species) homeostasis, regulated by several TaCERK-mediated theoretical patterns, may play an important role in plant response to FHB and puts forward some suggestions on resistant QTL/gene mining and molecular breeding in order to provide a valuable reference to contain FHB outbreaks in agricultural production and promote the sustainable development of green agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhong Hu
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466000, China; (C.H.); (P.C.); (X.Z.); (Y.L.); (K.M.); (S.L.)
| | - Peng Chen
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466000, China; (C.H.); (P.C.); (X.Z.); (Y.L.); (K.M.); (S.L.)
| | - Xinhui Zhou
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466000, China; (C.H.); (P.C.); (X.Z.); (Y.L.); (K.M.); (S.L.)
| | - Yangchen Li
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466000, China; (C.H.); (P.C.); (X.Z.); (Y.L.); (K.M.); (S.L.)
| | - Keshi Ma
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466000, China; (C.H.); (P.C.); (X.Z.); (Y.L.); (K.M.); (S.L.)
| | - Shumei Li
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466000, China; (C.H.); (P.C.); (X.Z.); (Y.L.); (K.M.); (S.L.)
| | - Huaipan Liu
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466000, China; (C.H.); (P.C.); (X.Z.); (Y.L.); (K.M.); (S.L.)
| | - Lili Li
- College of Life Science and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466000, China; (C.H.); (P.C.); (X.Z.); (Y.L.); (K.M.); (S.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Molecular Breeding, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466000, China
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40
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Kimura S, Kaya H, Hashimoto K, Wrzaczek M, Kuchitsu K. Quantitative Analysis for ROS-Producing Activity and Regulation of Plant NADPH Oxidases in HEK293T Cells. METHODS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (CLIFTON, N.J.) 2022; 2526:107-122. [PMID: 35657515 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2469-2_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by plant NADPH oxidases, respiratory burst oxidase homologs (RBOHs), play key roles in biotic and abiotic stress responses and development in plants. While properly controlled amounts of ROS function as signaling molecules, excessive accumulation of ROS can cause undesirable side effects due to their ability to oxidize DNA, lipids, and proteins. To limit the damaging consequences of unrestricted ROS accumulation, RBOH activity is tightly controlled by post-translational modifications (PTMs) and protein-protein interactions. In order to analyze these elaborate regulatory mechanisms, it is crucial to quantitatively assess the ROS-producing activity of RBOHs. Given the high endogenous ROS generation in plants, however, it can be challenging in plant cells to measure ROS production derived from specific RBOHs and to analyze the contribution of regulatory events for their activation and inactivation. Here we describe human embryonic kidney 293T (HEK293T) cells as a heterologous expression system and a useful tool to quantitatively monitor ROS production by RBOHs. This system permits the reconstitution of regulatory events to dissect the effects of Ca2+, phosphorylation, and protein-protein interactions on RBOH-dependent ROS production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachie Kimura
- Ritsumeikan Global Innovation Research Organization, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan.
| | - Hidetaka Kaya
- Department of Food Production Science, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime, Japan
| | - Kenji Hashimoto
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba, Japan
| | - Michael Wrzaczek
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Kazuyuki Kuchitsu
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba, Japan
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Ukawa T, Banno F, Ishikawa T, Kasahara K, Nishina Y, Inoue R, Tsujii K, Yamaguchi M, Takahashi T, Fukao Y, Kawai-Yamada M, Nagano M. Sphingolipids with 2-hydroxy fatty acids aid in plasma membrane nanodomain organization and oxidative burst. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 189:839-857. [PMID: 35312013 PMCID: PMC9157162 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Plant sphingolipids mostly possess 2-hydroxy fatty acids (HFA), the synthesis of which is catalyzed by FA 2-hydroxylases (FAHs). In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), two FAHs (FAH1 and FAH2) have been identified. However, the functions of FAHs and sphingolipids with HFAs (2-hydroxy sphingolipids) are still unknown because of the lack of Arabidopsis lines with the complete deletion of FAH1. In this study, we generated a FAH1 mutant (fah1c) using CRISPR/Cas9-based genome editing. Sphingolipid analysis of fah1c, fah2, and fah1cfah2 mutants revealed that FAH1 hydroxylates very long-chain FAs (VLCFAs), whereas the substrates of FAH2 are VLCFAs and palmitic acid. However, 2-hydroxy sphingolipids are not completely lost in the fah1cfah2 double mutant, suggesting the existence of other enzymes catalyzing the hydroxylation of sphingolipid FAs. Plasma membrane (PM) analysis and molecular dynamics simulations revealed that hydroxyl groups of sphingolipid acyl chains play a crucial role in the organization of nanodomains, which are nanoscale liquid-ordered domains mainly formed by sphingolipids and sterols in the PM, through hydrogen bonds. In the PM of the fah1cfah2 mutant, the expression levels of 26.7% of the proteins, including defense-related proteins such as the pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) brassinosteroid insensitive 1-associated receptor kinase 1 and chitin elicitor receptor kinase 1, NADPH oxidase respiratory burst oxidase homolog D (RBOHD), and heterotrimeric G proteins, were lower than that in the wild-type. In addition, reactive oxygen species (ROS) burst was suppressed in the fah1cfah2 mutant after treatment with the pathogen-associated molecular patterns flg22 and chitin. These results indicated that 2-hydroxy sphingolipids are necessary for the organization of PM nanodomains and ROS burst through RBOHD and PRRs during pattern-triggered immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomomi Ukawa
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Sakuraku, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Banno
- College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - Toshiki Ishikawa
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Sakuraku, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Kota Kasahara
- College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - Yuuta Nishina
- College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - Rika Inoue
- College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - Keigo Tsujii
- College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Yamaguchi
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Sakuraku, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Takuya Takahashi
- College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Fukao
- College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - Maki Kawai-Yamada
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Sakuraku, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Minoru Nagano
- College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
- Author for correspondence:
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42
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Lukan T, Coll A. Intertwined Roles of Reactive Oxygen Species and Salicylic Acid Signaling Are Crucial for the Plant Response to Biotic Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:5568. [PMID: 35628379 PMCID: PMC9147500 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the earliest hallmarks of plant immune response is production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in different subcellular compartments, which regulate plant immunity. A suitable equilibrium, which is crucial to prevent ROS overaccumulation leading to oxidative stress, is maintained by salicylic acid (SA), a chief regulator of ROS. However, ROS not only act downstream of SA signaling, but are also proposed to be a central component of a self-amplifying loop that regulates SA signaling as well as the interaction balance between different phytohormones. The exact role of this crosstalk, the position where SA interferes with ROS signaling and ROS interferes with SA signaling and the outcome of this regulation, depend on the origin of ROS but also on the pathosystem. The precise spatiotemporal regulation of organelle-specific ROS and SA levels determine the effectiveness of pathogen arrest and is therefore crucial for a successful immune response. However, the regulatory interplay behind still remains poorly understood, as up until now, the role of organelle-specific ROS and SA in hypersensitive response (HR)-conferred resistance has mostly been studied by altering the level of a single component. In order to address these aspects, a sophisticated combination of research methods for monitoring the spatiotemporal dynamics of key players and transcriptional activity in plants is needed and will most probably consist of biosensors and precision transcriptomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tjaša Lukan
- National Institute of Biology, Večna Pot 111, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
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Hafsi C, Collado-Arenal AM, Wang H, Sanz-Fernández M, Sahrawy M, Shabala S, Romero-Puertas MC, Sandalio LM. The role of NADPH oxidases in regulating leaf gas exchange and ion homeostasis in Arabidopsis plants under cadmium stress. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 429:128217. [PMID: 35077969 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
NADPH oxidase, an enzyme associated with the plasma membrane, constitutes one of the main sources of reactive oxygen species (ROS) which regulate different developmental and adaptive responses in plants. In this work, the involvement of NADPH oxidases in the regulation of photosynthesis and cell ionic homeostasis in response to short cadmium exposure was compared between wild type (WT) and three RBOHs (Respiratory Burst Oxidase Homologues) Arabidopsis mutants (AtrbohC, AtrbohD, and AtrbohF). Plants were grown under hydroponic conditions and supplemented with 50 µM CdCl2 for 24 h. Cadmium treatment differentially affected photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration, and antioxidative responses in WT and Atrbohs mutants. The loss of function of RBOH isoforms resulted in higher Cd2+ influx, mainly in the elongation zone of roots, which was more evident in AtrbohD and AtrbohF mutants. In the mature zone, the highest Cd2+ influx was observed in rbohC mutant. The lack of functional RBOH isoforms also resulted in altered patterns of net K+ transport across cellular membranes, both in the root epidermis and leaf mesophyll. The analysis of expression of metal transporters by qPCR demonstrated that a loss of functional RBOH isoforms has altered transcript levels for metal NRAMP3, NRAMP6 and IRT1 and the K+ transporters outward-rectifying K+ efflux GORK channel, while RBOHD specifically regulated transcripts for high-affinity K+ transporters KUP8 and HAK5, and IRT1 and RBOHD and F regulated the transcription factors TGA3 and TGA10. It is concluded that RBOH-dependent H2O2 regulation of ion homeostasis and Cd is a highly complex process involving multilevel regulation from transpirational water flow to transcriptional and posttranslational modifications of K/metals transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chokri Hafsi
- Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, P. O. Box 901 - 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia; Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja (ISBB), University of Jendouba, Habib Bourguiba avenue P. O. Box 382 - 9000, Beja, Tunisia
| | - Aurelio M Collado-Arenal
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Biology. Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Profesor Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
| | - Haiyang Wang
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
| | - María Sanz-Fernández
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Biology. Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Profesor Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
| | - Mariam Sahrawy
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Biology. Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Profesor Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
| | - Sergey Shabala
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia; International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - María C Romero-Puertas
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Biology. Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Profesor Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
| | - Luisa M Sandalio
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Biology. Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Profesor Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain.
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44
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Yu Y, Zhang Q, Sun S, Yang J. Upregulated expression of RESPIRATORY BURST OXIDASE HOMOLOG D underlies lesion-mimic phenotype in dark-treated Arabidopsis pheide a oxygenase mutant leaves. PLANTA 2022; 255:110. [PMID: 35471712 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-022-03895-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Upregulated expression of RESPIRATORY BURST OXIDASE HOMOLOG D (RBOHD) encoding a plasma membrane NADPH oxidase is responsible for the lesion-mimic phenotype in detached Arabidopsis leaves with mutation of PHEIDE a OXYGENASE during extended darkness. Chlorophyll degradation is an indispensable process in leaf senescence, either age-dependent or dark-induced. Besides higher chlorophyll retention, a lesion-mimic phenotype (abbreviated as LMP afterwards) was exhibited in Arabidopsis leaves with mutation of PHEIDE a OXYGENASE (PaO) involved in chlorophyll degradation during dark incubation, but the associated mechanism remains elusive. We found that dark-treated pao leaves showed higher membrane damage and H2O2 accumulation, while scavenging H2O2 by its chemical scavenger diminished LMP. RBOHD which encodes NADPH oxidase was strikingly up-regulated in pao leaves during dark treatment. Chemical inhibition of NADPH oxidase or mutation of RBOHD in pao leaves suppressed LMP. Thus, our study suggests that up-regulated RBOHD transcription is responsible for the formation of LMP in dark-treated pao leaves and there may be a retrograde signaling pathway mediating upregulation of RBOHD which remains to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfan Yu
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Sujing Sun
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Jiading Yang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China.
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Breeze E, Mullineaux PM. The Passage of H 2O 2 from Chloroplasts to Their Associated Nucleus during Retrograde Signalling: Reflections on the Role of the Nuclear Envelope. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:552. [PMID: 35214888 PMCID: PMC8876790 DOI: 10.3390/plants11040552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The response of chloroplasts to adverse environmental cues, principally increases in light intensity, stimulates chloroplast-to-nucleus retrograde signalling, which leads to the induction of immediate protective responses and longer-term acclimation. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), generated during photosynthesis, is proposed to both initiate and transduce a retrograde signal in response to photoinhibitory light intensities. Signalling specificity achieved by chloroplast-sourced H2O2 for signal transduction may be dependent upon the oft-observed close association of a proportion of these organelles with the nucleus. In this review, we consider more precisely the nature of the close association between a chloroplast appressed to the nucleus and the requirement for H2O2 to cross both the double membranes of the chloroplast and nuclear envelopes. Of particular relevance is that the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) has close physical contact with chloroplasts and is contiguous with the nuclear envelope. Therefore, the perinuclear space, which transducing H2O2 molecules would have to cross, may have an oxidising environment the same as the ER lumen. Based on studies in animal cells, the ER lumen may be a significant source of H2O2 in plant cells arising from the oxidative folding of proteins. If this is the case, then there is potential for the ER lumen/perinuclear space to be an important location to modify chloroplast-to-nucleus H2O2 signal transduction and thereby introduce modulation of it by additional different environmental cues. These would include for example, heat stress and pathogen infection, which induce the unfolded protein response characterised by an increased H2O2 level in the ER lumen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Breeze
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK;
| | - Philip M. Mullineaux
- School of Life Sciences, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, Essex CO4 3SQ, UK
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Tian Y, Fu X, Zhang G, Zhang R, Kang Z, Gao K, Mendgen K. Mechanisms in Growth-Promoting of Cucumber by the Endophytic Fungus Chaetomium globosum Strain ND35. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8020180. [PMID: 35205933 PMCID: PMC8878499 DOI: 10.3390/jof8020180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Endophytic fungi are effective in plant growth and development by secreting various kinds of plant hormones and nutrients. However, the cellular and molecular interactions between the endophytic fungi and plant growth-promoting have remained less explored. The present study was designed to explore the effects of the infection and colonization events of Chaetomium globosum strain ND35 on cucumber growth and the expression pattern of some metabolically important genes in development of the cucumber radicle. The results demonstrated that strain ND35 can infect and colonize the outer layers (cortical cells) of cucumber root and form a symbiotic structure with the host cell, similar to a periarbuscular membrane and establish chemical communication with the plant. Through transcriptome analysis, we found the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) caused by strain ND35 were mainly enriched in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, plant hormone signal transduction, plant-pathogen interaction and photosynthesis. Correspondingly, the contents of reactive oxygen species (ROS), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), gibberellin (GA), zeatin (ZT), salicylic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA) and the activity of phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), 4-coumarate-CoA ligase (4CL), cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD), and peroxidase (POD) in ND35-colonized seedlings were generally higher than those of non-inoculated seedlings. Overall, the infection and colonization events of C. globosum strain ND35 increased cucumber growth through complex regulation of plant hormones biosynthesis and metabolism. Furthermore, although the endophytic fungus strain ND35 produced IAA, GA, ZT, and ergosterol in the fermentation broth, and there are enabled to promote growth of cucumber, it is uncertain whether there are ND35-derived microbial hormones in plants. This study of the interaction between cucumber and strain ND35 contributes to a better understanding of the plant-endophytic fungi interactions, and may help to develop new strategies for crop production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yehan Tian
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; (Y.T.); (X.F.); (R.Z.)
| | - Xuesong Fu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; (Y.T.); (X.F.); (R.Z.)
| | - Gongchen Zhang
- Qingdao Academy of Agricultural Science, Qingdao 266100, China;
| | - Rui Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; (Y.T.); (X.F.); (R.Z.)
| | - Zhensheng Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China;
| | - Kexiang Gao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; (Y.T.); (X.F.); (R.Z.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Kurt Mendgen
- Department of Biology, University of Constance, 78457 Constance, Germany;
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Genome Wide Identification of Respiratory Burst Oxidase Homolog ( Rboh) Genes in Citrus sinensis and Functional Analysis of CsRbohD in Cold Tolerance. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020648. [PMID: 35054832 PMCID: PMC8776138 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Respiratory burst oxidase homologs (Rbohs) are critical enzymes involved in the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that play an important role in plant growth and development as well as various biotic and abiotic stresses in plants. Thus far, there have been few reports on the characterization of the Rboh gene family in Citrus. In this study, seven Rboh genes (CsRbohA~CsRbohG) were identified in the Citrus sinensis genome. The CsRboh proteins were predicted to localize to the cell membrane. Most CsRbohs contained four conserved domains, an EF-hand domain, and a transmembrane region. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that the CsRbohs were divided into five groups, suggesting potential distinct functions and evolution. The expression profiles revealed that these seven CsRboh genes displayed tissue-specific expression patterns, and five CsRboh genes were responsive to cold stress. Fourteen putative cis-acting elements related to stress response, hormone response, and development regulation were present within the promoters of CsRboh genes. The in-silico microRNA target transcript analyses indicated that CsRbohE might be targeted by csi-miR164. Further functional and physiological analyses showed that the knockdown of CsRbohD in trifoliate orange impaired resistance to cold stress. As a whole, our results provide valuable information for further functional studies of the CsRboh genes in response to cold stress.
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Tai F, Wang S, Liang B, Li Y, Wu J, Fan C, Hu X, Wang H, He R, Wang W. Quaternary ammonium iminofullerenes improve root growth of oxidative-stress maize through ASA-GSH cycle modulating redox homeostasis of roots and ROS-mediated root-hair elongation. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:15. [PMID: 34983547 PMCID: PMC8725307 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-01222-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Various environmental factors are capable of oxidative stress to result in limiting plant development and agricultural production. Fullerene-based carbon nanomaterials can enable radical scavenging and positively regulate plant growth. Even so, to date, our knowledge about the mechanism of fullerene-based carbon nanomaterials on plant growth and response to oxidative stress is still unclear. Results 20 or 50 mg/L quaternary ammonium iminofullerenes (IFQA) rescued the reduction in root lengths and root-hair densities and lengths of Arabidopsis and maize induced by accumulation of endogenous hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) under 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole or exogenous H2O2 treatment, as well as the root active absorption area and root activity under exogenous H2O2 treatment. Meanwhile, the downregulated contents of ascorbate acid (ASA) and glutathione (GSH) and the upregulated contents of dehydroascorbic acid (DHA), oxidized glutathione (GSSG), malondialdehyde (MDA), and H2O2 indicated that the exogenous H2O2 treatment induced oxidative stress of maize. Nonetheless, application of IFQA can increase the ratios of ASA/DHA and GSH/GSSG, as well as the activities of glutathione reductase, and ascorbate peroxidase, and decrease the contents of H2O2 and MDA. Moreover, the root lengths were inhibited by buthionine sulfoximine, a specific inhibitor of GSH biosynthesis, and subsequently rescued after addition of IFQA. The results suggested that IFQA could alleviate exogenous-H2O2-induced oxidative stress on maize by regulating the ASA-GSH cycle. Furthermore, IFQA reduced the excess accumulation of ROS in root hairs, as well as the NADPH oxidase activity under H2O2 treatment. The transcript levels of genes affecting ROS-mediated root-hair development, such as RBOH B, RBOH C, PFT1, and PRX59, were significantly induced by H2O2 treatment and then decreased after addition of IFQA. Conclusion The positive effect of fullerene-based carbon nanomaterials on maize-root-hair growth under the induced oxidative stress was discovered. Application IFQA can ameliorate oxidative stress to promote maize-root growth through decreasing NADPH-oxidase activity, improving the scavenging of ROS by ASA-GSH cycle, and regulating the expressions of genes affecting maize-root-hair development. It will enrich more understanding the actual mechanism of fullerene-based nanoelicitors responsible for plant growth promotion and protection from oxidative stress. Graphical Abstract ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuju Tai
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Benshuai Liang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Yue Li
- NanoAgro Center, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Jiakai Wu
- NanoAgro Center, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Chenjie Fan
- NanoAgro Center, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Xiuli Hu
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Hezhong Wang
- NanoAgro Center, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Rui He
- NanoAgro Center, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
| | - Wei Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
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Jing XQ, Li WQ, Zhou MR, Shi PT, Zhang R, Shalmani A, Muhammad I, Wang GF, Liu WT, Chen KM. Rice Carbohydrate-Binding Malectin-Like Protein, OsCBM1, Contributes to Drought-Stress Tolerance by Participating in NADPH Oxidase-Mediated ROS Production. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 14:100. [PMID: 34874506 PMCID: PMC8651890 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-021-00541-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Carbohydrate-binding malectin/malectin-like domain-containing proteins (CBMs) are a recently identified protein subfamily of lectins that participates various functional bioprocesses in the animal, bacterial, and plant kingdoms. However, little is known the roles of CBMs in rice development and stress response. In this study, OsCBM1, which encodes a protein containing only one malectin-like domain, was cloned and characterized. OsCBM1 is localized in both the endoplasmic reticulum and plasma membrane. Its transcripts are dominantly expressed in leaves and could be significantly stimulated by a number of phytohormone applications and abiotic stress treatments. Overexpression of OsCBM1 increased drought tolerance and reactive oxygen species production in rice, whereas the knockdown of the gene decreased them. OsCBM1 physically interacts with OsRbohA, a NADPH oxidase, and the expression of OsCBM1 in osrbohA, an OsRbohA-knockout mutant, is significantly downregulated under both normal growth and drought stress conditions. Meanwhile, OsCBM1 can also physically interacts with OsRacGEF1, a specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the Rop/Rac GTPase OsRac1, and transient coexpression of OsCBM1 with OaRacGEF1 significantly enhanced ROS production. Further transcriptome analysis showed that multiple signaling regulatory mechanisms are involved in the OsCBM1-mediated processes. All these results suggest that OsCBM1 participates in NADPH oxidase-mediated ROS production by interacting with OsRbohA and OsRacGEF1, contributing to drought stress tolerance of rice. Multiple signaling pathways are likely involved in the OsCBM1-mediated stress tolerance in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Qing Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Area, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
- Department of Biology, Taiyuan Normal University, Taiyuan, 030619 Shanxi China
| | - Wen-Qiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Area, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Meng-Ru Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Area, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Peng-Tao Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Area, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Ran Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Area, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Abdullah Shalmani
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Area, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Izhar Muhammad
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Area, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Gang-Feng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Area, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Wen-Ting Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Area, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
| | - Kun-Ming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Area, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi China
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50
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Sun H, Cao X, Wang X, Zhang W, Li W, Wang X, Liu S, Lyu D. RBOH-dependent hydrogen peroxide signaling mediates melatonin-induced anthocyanin biosynthesis in red pear fruit. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 313:111093. [PMID: 34763877 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2021.111093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Although several studies have confirmed that exogenous melatonin promotes anthocyanin accumulation, the molecular mechanism of this remains elusive. Here, the signaling cross-talk between melatonin and NADPH oxidase (RBOH) -mediated ROS during anthocyanin biosynthesis were investigated. We found that application of exogenous melatonin not only induced anthocyanin biosynthesis, but also increased endogenous H2O2 and O2‾ content in pear fruits. The effect of melatonin on anthocyanin biosynthesis was abolished by inhibitors of RBOH. We also observed that genes encoding RBOH (PuRBOHF) were ubiquitously and highly expressed after melatonin treatment. Transient PuRBOHF overexpression significantly enhanced anthocyanin accumulation and activated transcription of anthocyanin biosynthesis genes, whereas PuRBOHF silencing repressed melatonin-promoted anthocyanin accumulation and H2O2 production. Moreover, RBOH-derived H2O2 induced PuMYB10 transcription, and PuRBOHF enhanced the PuMYB10-induced activation of the PuUFGT promoter. PuMYB10, in turn, activated PuRBOHF transcription, revealing a positive feedback loop. These results provide molecular evidence supporting the essential roles of PuRBOHF-dependent H2O2 in melatonin-induced anthocyanin accumulation in pears.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huili Sun
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, PR China
| | - Xiaoyun Cao
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, PR China
| | - Xinyue Wang
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, PR China
| | - Wei Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, PR China
| | - Wenxu Li
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, PR China
| | - Xiaoqian Wang
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, PR China.
| | - Siqi Liu
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, PR China
| | - Deguo Lyu
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, PR China.
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