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Güzeldere HKB, Efendioğlu EH, Mutlu S, Esen HN, Karaca GN, Çağırdar B. The relationship between dietary habits and menstruation problems in women: a cross-sectional study. BMC Womens Health 2024; 24:397. [PMID: 38997663 PMCID: PMC11241871 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-024-03235-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nutrition is important to the management and relief of the symptoms in menstrual disorders. This study aims to investigate the relationship between menstrual disorders and specific foods and nutrient intake in women. METHODS Five-hundred-nine menstruating women participated in the study. The questionnaire form was created by the researchers via Google Forms and distributed in online applications (WhatsApp, Instagram etc.). The questionnaire consists of 5 sections, including demographic data, declared anthropometric measurements (height (m or cm), weight (g or kg)), questions about eating habits, menstruation status, and 24-hour food consumption. Statistical analysis was made with SPSS 23; nutrient analysis of food consumption was made using BeBiS 9.0. RESULTS It was found that the body mass index (BMI) of healthy participants was higher than women with menstrual disorders. Women with menstrual disorders have lower intake of protein, vitamin K, vitamin B3, vitamin B5 and sodium compared with healthy women. All participants have a higher intake of vitamin B3, sodium, phosphorus, and manganese, and have a lower intake of other nutrients compared with the national adequate intake. CONCLUSION Our findings showed that women with menstrual disorders consume more high-sugar food/beverages and have inadequate nutrients intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatice Kübra Barcın Güzeldere
- Faculty of Health Science, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Şehit Hakan Kurban Street, Kartal/Istanbul, 34682, Turkey.
- School of Health Science, Department of Environmental and Life Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
| | - Emine Hilal Efendioğlu
- Faculty of Health Science, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Şehit Hakan Kurban Street, Kartal/Istanbul, 34682, Turkey
| | - Sümeyye Mutlu
- Faculty of Health Science, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Şehit Hakan Kurban Street, Kartal/Istanbul, 34682, Turkey
| | - Havva Nur Esen
- Faculty of Health Science, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Şehit Hakan Kurban Street, Kartal/Istanbul, 34682, Turkey
| | - Gamze Nur Karaca
- Faculty of Health Science, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Şehit Hakan Kurban Street, Kartal/Istanbul, 34682, Turkey
| | - Beyzanur Çağırdar
- Faculty of Health Science, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Şehit Hakan Kurban Street, Kartal/Istanbul, 34682, Turkey
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Abdelrahman AY, El-Kosery SM, Abbassy AH, Botla AM. Effect of aquatic exercise versus aerobic exercise on primary dysmenorrhea and quality of life in adolescent females: A randomized controlled trial. PHYSIOTHERAPY RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 29:e2095. [PMID: 38767193 DOI: 10.1002/pri.2095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary dysmenorrhea leads to significant gynecological consultations, school absenteeism, disrupted daily activities, and adversely affects overall quality of life (QOL). PURPOSE This study compared the effects of aquatic exercise versus aerobic exercise on primary dysmenorrhea and QOL in adolescent females. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Sixty adolescent females suffering from primary dysmenorrhea with moderate to severe intensity were distributed randomly and equally into two groups was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT06129708) the Registration Date, November 13, 2023; group A was treated by aquatic exercise for 12 weeks, while group B was treated by aerobic exercise for 12 weeks. Assessment of both groups before and after treatment involved evaluating dysmenorrhea severity using the WaLIDD Score, measuring pain intensity with the numeric pain rating scale (NPRS), determining pressure pain threshold (PPT) with an algometry, and evaluating the QOL using EuroQol-5 Dimension-3 Level (EQ-5D-3L) and EuroQol-visual analog scale (EQ-VAS). RESULTS Both groups, A and B, experienced significant reductions in the WaLIDD score, NPRS, and all domains of EQ-5D-3L (p < 0.05), coupled with significant increases in PPT and EQ-VAS (p < 0.05). Posttreatment comparisons between the groups showed insignificant differences in WaLIDD score, NPRS, and PPT (p > 0.05). However, there was a significant decrease in EQ-5D-3L and a significant increase in EQ-VAS, favoring group A (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Both aquatic and aerobic exercises are effective methods in primary dysmenorrhea management and QOL improvement in adolescent females, with a better effect of aquatic exercise in enhancing QOL.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Soheir M El-Kosery
- Faculty of Physical Therapy, Department of Physical Therapy for Woman's Health, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Amr H Abbassy
- Reproductive Health and Family Planning Department, National Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Afaf M Botla
- Faculty of Physical Therapy, Department of Physical Therapy for Woman's Health, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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Li X, Sun Y, Wang Y, Wang X, Yu C. Manual Therapy in Primary Dysmenorrhea: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Pain Res 2024; 17:1663-1681. [PMID: 38736680 PMCID: PMC11088071 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s457381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This research aimed to assess the effectiveness of manual therapy in alleviating pain among women undergoing primary dysmenorrhea (PD). Methods All randomized controlled trials (RCTs) regarding manual therapy for PD were searched from online databases, spanning from their inception to July 2023. The identified literature underwent a thorough screening process, and the data were meticulously extracted and analyzed using RevMan 5.3. Subsequently, the included studies underwent Cochrane's quality assessment and meta-analysis. The evidence obtained was then assessed using the grading of recommendations, assessment, development, and evaluation (GRADE) approach. Results 32 RCTs, involving 2566 women were finally included for analysis. The overall quality of the concluding evidence was generally rated as low or very low. Performance bias and blind bias were found to be the main risk of bias of the included studies. In comparison to no treatment, manual therapy demonstrated a significant increase in pain relief in short-term (n=191, MD=1.30, 95% CI: 0.24~2.37). The differences in the effects of manual therapy and the placebo on pain intensity may not be statistically significant (n=255, MD=0.10, 95% CI: -0.37~0.58). In contrast to NSAIDs, manual therapy exhibited superior pain alleviation (n=507, MD=3.01, 95% CI: 1.08~4.94) and a higher effective rate (n=1029, OR=4.87, 95% CI: 3.29~7.20). Importantly, no severe adverse events were reported across all studies, indicating a relatively safe profile for manual therapy. Conclusion Manual therapy presented promise in effectively relieving menstrual pain with minimal adverse events in short term, outperforming both no treatment and NSAIDs. However, this conclusion is tempered by the low quality of the included RCTs, highlighting the necessity for more robust trials to validate it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Li
- Tuina and Pain Management Department, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Affiliated Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanan Sun
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Department, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuhan Wang
- Tuina and Pain Management Department, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Affiliated Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiyou Wang
- Tuina and Pain Management Department, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Affiliated Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Changhe Yu
- Tuina and Pain Management Department, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Affiliated Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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Rodrigues YT, Silva TCLA, Radytė E, Bernatavičius E, Cook AA, Carvalho MLAS, Macedo LES, Oliveira JMP, Martins TD, Fonseca ME, Micussi MTABC, Pegado R. Clinical usability study of a home-based self-administration transcranial direct current stimulation for primary dysmenorrhea: A randomized controlled trial. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301851. [PMID: 38696453 PMCID: PMC11065276 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
This study tested the usability of a home-based self-administration transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) device designed specifically for women's health needs. This is a single center triple blinded clinical usability study for a new wireless, Bluetooth-controlled wearable tDCS device for women's health. The study aims to evaluate the usability and effective blinding of a home-based tDCS system. A total of forty-nine women of reproductive age were randomly allocated (1:1) to receive one session of active tDCS (n = 24) or sham tDCS (n = 25) over the motor and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Each participant self-administered one 20-minute session without supervision following guidance on a software application alone. The System Usability Scale (SUS) and the Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIC) were used to evaluate the usability of the system. Regardless of sham or active conditions, all users found the system easy to use without the support of researchers. Usability scores were considered to be "excellent" in both groups and no significant difference was found between sham and active groups showing effective blinding of the device (Active group: 93.7 (83.1-97.5); Sham group 90 (86.2-95) p = 0.79) and PGIC (Active group: 2 (1-2.75); Sham group 2 (1-2) p = 0.99) using an unpaired t-test or non-parametric statistical tests accordingly. The new Bluetooth-controlled wearable tDCS device is easy, safe to use and completely controlled by a smartphone app. This device is focused on women's health and will be tested as an alternative treatment for chronic pelvic pain and mood disturbance associated with menstrual cycles in further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvinna T. Rodrigues
- Graduate Program in Physical Therapy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Tatiana C. L. A. Silva
- Graduate Program in Physical Therapy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Emilė Radytė
- Samphire Neuroscience Ltd, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Luiza E. S. Macedo
- Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Joyce M. P. Oliveira
- Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Talita D. Martins
- Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Maria E. Fonseca
- Graduate Program in Health Science, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | | | - Rodrigo Pegado
- Graduate Program in Physical Therapy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Health Science, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
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Jusuf EC, Octaviani D, Husain MG, Jumrah. The influence of physical activity, body mass index and urinary levels of prostaglandin (PGF2α) with the incidence of primary dysmenorrhea in adolescents. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2024; 50:909-913. [PMID: 38414190 DOI: 10.1111/jog.15914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to investigate the effect of physical activity, body mass index (BMI), and levels of prostaglandins (PGF2α) urine on the occurrence of dysmenorrhea in adolescents. METHODS A total of 128 female students included in the study. The study was conducted from January to March 2023 using a cross-sectional design. This study utilized the Menstrual Symptom Questionnaire (MSQ) and gynecological examination with ultrasonography. The urinary prostaglandin (PGF2α) was measured using the enzyme linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA). Data were analyzed using the chi-square test and logistic regression test. RESULTS The age range of the participants included in the study was 14-17, with a mean age of 15.85 ± 0.65. There was an correlation between physical activity, BMI, and urinary prostaglandin (PGF2α) levels with the incidence of dysmenorrhea in adolescents (p < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, it revealed that underweight, and had a high urinary prostaglandin significant correlated to primary dysmenorrhea with odds ratio 4.78 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.98-11.54) and 4.88 (95% CI 1.98-12.08), respectively. High physical activity and overweight was not associated with incidence of dysmenorrhea in adolescents. CONCLUSION This study provides valuable insights into the correlation between physical activity, BMI, and levels of prostaglandins (PGF2α) in urine. A high level of urinary prostaglandin was found to be the most influential factor in the incidence of primary dysmenorrhea in adolescents. By addressing factors associated with dysmenorrhea in adolescents, healthcare professionals can potentially enhance well-being by reducing menstrual pain and encouraging a healthy lifestyle to prevent dysmenorrhea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabet Catherine Jusuf
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Dian Octaviani
- Department of Midwifery, Graduate School, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | | | - Jumrah
- Department of Midwifery, Graduate School, Megarezky University, Makassar, Indonesia
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Oksuz Yalvac C, Akdağ Topal C, Boztepe H. A comprehensive investigation of biopsychosocial determinants influencing primary dysmenorrhea among university students. Women Health 2024; 64:392-403. [PMID: 38720420 DOI: 10.1080/03630242.2024.2349558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Dysmenorrhea, characterized by pain and related symptoms, significantly impacts women's quality of life in work and education, prompting a comprehensive evaluation of associated factors. The objective of this study was to utilize structural equation modeling (SEM) to analyze and assess the biopsychosocial factors influencing dysmenorrhea among university students. Three hundred and thirty-nine university students were included in this cross-sectional descriptive study. Data were collected using the Participant Information Form, the Beck Anxiety Scale (BAS), the Beck Depression Scale (BDS), the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), the Adverse Childhood Experiences Scale (ACES), the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) and the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). It was determined that the variables of pain onset (t = 3.24, p < .05) and age at menarche (t = -2.16, p < .05) showed a significant relationship with the model. The variables of the PCS (t = 16.87, p < .001), BDS (t = 3.06, p < .05), and BAS (t = 5.13, p < .001) showed a significant relationship with the model. Social factors in the model were examined, and a family history of dysmenorrhea and the ACES variables did not contribute significantly to the model (p > .05). The study indicates primary dysmenorrhea influenced by biological and psychological factors. Nurses should conduct holistic assessments and provide comprehensive care for affected women.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cansu Akdağ Topal
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Nursing Department, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Handan Boztepe
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Nursing Department, Atilim University, Ankara, Türkiye
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Wang Y, Chen J, Zhang Z, Ding X, Gan J, Guo Y, Liang W, Wang Y, Deng Y, Sun A. Exploration of new models for primary dysmenorrhea treatment: low-power visible-light-activated photodynamic therapy and oral contraceptives. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1388045. [PMID: 38751981 PMCID: PMC11094340 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1388045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Primary dysmenorrhea (PD) is one of the most common reasons that affect the life quality of women during childbearing age. This research aims to explore the efficacy and curative effect characteristics of oral contraceptives and low-power visible-light-activated photodynamic therapy (PDT). Besides investigating the possible mechanism of PDT, we expected to find a treatment model with better efficacy and fewer side effects. Method It was a multicenter, randomized, parallel-controlled study. Eligible participants were randomly assigned to three groups: placebo group, oral contraceptive (Marvelon) group, and the PDT group. They were treated continuously for three menstrual cycles and followed up for two cycles after treatment. The scores of the visual analog scale (VAS) and the concentration of pain-related small molecules in blood before and after treatment were recorded in each group, which can evaluate the therapeutic characteristics of different treatments. Result Both Marvelon and PDT were effective. The effect of Marvelon appears quickly which can significantly relieve symptoms at the beginning, while PDT shows a relatively slow role. There was no significant difference in the final efficacy two cycles after treatment. The therapeutic effect was achieved by reducing the concentrations of prostaglandin 2 (PGE2) and endothelin (ET) in the blood. Conclusion Marvelon and PDT are effective methods for the treatment of PD. The long-term efficacy of the two is similar, while the therapeutic characteristics and the side effects are different. Patients can choose the suitable way according to their individual needs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Aijun Sun
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetric and Gynecologic Diseases Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Mirghafourvand M, Ebadi A, Jahanfar S, Khorashadizadeh F, Shirzadi S. Exploring the practice of Iranian adolescent females during menstruation and related beliefs: a qualitative study. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1145. [PMID: 38658910 PMCID: PMC11040887 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18600-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Menstruation is a natural occurrence that women experience during their reproductive years and may encounter many years throughout their lifespan. Many adolescent females lack accurate knowledge about menstruation, so they may face issues from receiving incorrect information from unreliable sources. Our study aimed to investigate the practices and beliefs surrounding menstruation among Iranian adolescent females. METHODS This qualitative study was conducted using conventional content analysis. A purposeful sampling method was used to select 18 adolescent females from secondary and high schools located in the three regions of Neyshabur City-Iran. Data were collected through in-depth, semi-structured interviews. RESULTS Three main themes were extracted, consisting of lifestyle and related beliefs, lake of support, and awareness and information. CONCLUSIONS misconceptions and wrong behaviors during menstruation indicate that the lake of knowledge an traditional factors influence adolescent girls' health. The study provides the basis for intervention planning in this regard and different levels (individual, intrapersonal, health systems, and community).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojgan Mirghafourvand
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Abbas Ebadi
- Behavioral Sciences Research Centre, Nursing Faculty, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shayesteh Jahanfar
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts School of Medicine, Boston, USA
| | - Fatemeh Khorashadizadeh
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Shayesteh Shirzadi
- Healthy Ageing Research Centre, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran.
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Ozkan-Sat S, Isık M. The Effect of Psychoeducation Based on Leventhal's Self-Regulation Model on Dysmenorrhoea in Nursing Students: A Single-Blind Randomised Controlled Study. Pain Manag Nurs 2024:S1524-9042(24)00101-2. [PMID: 38555264 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmn.2024.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of self-analgesics among women for dysmenorrhoea is common. Non-pharmacological methods can be employed to effectively cope with dysmenorrhoea. Psychoeducation based on Leventhal's Self-Regulation Model (SRM) is an affordable, easy, and non-pharmacological way that clinics can use to cope with dysmenorrhoea. METHOD This study aimed to investigate how psychoeducation affected dysmenorrhoea for nursing students using SRM. The sample consisted of 66 female students suffering from moderate-to-severe menstrual pain. A three-session psychoeducation based on SRM was applied to the intervention group. An 'Introductory Information Form', 'Visual Analogue Scale', 'Functional and Emotional Measure of Dysmenorrhoea (FEMD)', and 'Menstrual Symptom Questionnaire (MSQ)' were used to collect the data. All the measurements were carried out over three consecutive menstrual cycles. RESULTS A generalised linear model was used to analyse the data. After receiving psychoeducation, the pain and functional and emotional symptoms of dysmenorrhoea mean scores significantly decreased in the intervention group compared to the control group (p < .05), whereas there was no significant difference between the groups' MSQ mean scores (p > .05). CONCLUSION The psychoeducation reduced the severity of dysmenorrhoea pain and the functional and emotional impact levels of dysmenorrhoea and it was proved to be effective at helping the subjects cope with pain in the long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sultan Ozkan-Sat
- Midwifery Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Bitlis Eren University, Bitlis, Turkey
| | - Merve Isık
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing, Giresun University, Giresun, Turkey.
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Barbosa-Silva J, Avila MA, de Oliveira RF, Dedicação AC, Godoy AG, Rodrigues JC, Driusso P. Prevalence, pain intensity and symptoms associated with primary dysmenorrhea: a cross-sectional study. BMC Womens Health 2024; 24:92. [PMID: 38311716 PMCID: PMC10840141 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-023-02878-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary dysmenorrhea (PD) is an etiological cyclic pelvic pain related to the menstrual period; it can negatively impact women's quality of life and productivity. The aim of the present study was to estimate the prevalence of PD and analyze associated symptoms in Brazilian women. METHODS An online cross-sectional study was carried out in Brazil, with a structured questionnaire regarding dysmenorrhea and associated symptoms. PD intensity was measured with the Numerical Rating Scale for Pain and classified as mild (1-3), moderate (4-7) and severe (> 8). The association between qualitative variables was performed using Pearson's Chi-Square Test. The quantification of this association was measured using multinomial logistic regression models, with calculation of Odds Ratio and confidence interval. A significance level of 5% was considered. RESULTS A total of 10,070 women were included. Most participants classified PD intensity as moderate (40.4%, 41.9% and 49.7%) and severe (21.2%, 24.8% and 28.4%) in the previous month, 3 months and 5 years, respectively. The most common symptoms associated with PD were irritability, abdominal distension sensation, anxiety and feeling more emotional. The increased of the risk (OR > 1.0) for moderate and severe PD-related pain intensity is related to age, nulliparity and presence PD since adolescence. CONCLUSION There is a high prevalence of PD among Brazilian women, and the most common symptoms reported were irritability, abdominal distension sensation, anxiety and feeling more emotional.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordana Barbosa-Silva
- Women's Health Research Laboratory (LAMU), Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Mariana Arias Avila
- Laboratory of Research on Electrophysical Agents (LAREF), Physical Therapy Department, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Raissa Fernanda de Oliveira
- Women's Health Research Laboratory (LAMU), Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Anny Caroline Dedicação
- Women's Health Research Laboratory (LAMU), Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil.
- Multiprofessional Residency Program, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein (HIAE), São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Amanda Garcia Godoy
- Laboratory of Research on Electrophysical Agents (LAREF), Physical Therapy Department, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Jessica Cordeiro Rodrigues
- Women's Health Research Laboratory (LAMU), Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Patricia Driusso
- Women's Health Research Laboratory (LAMU), Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
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Zakaria IA, Mohammed Zain NA, Teik CK, Abu MA, Zainuddin AA, Abdul Aziz NH, Safian N, Mohd Mokhtar N, Raja Ali RA, Beng Kwang N, Mohamed Ismail NA, Hamizan MR, Ab Razak WS, Nur Azurah AG. The role of probiotics in improving menstrual health in women with primary dysmenorrhoea: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial (the PERIOD study). WOMEN'S HEALTH (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2024; 20:17455057241234524. [PMID: 38444064 PMCID: PMC10916465 DOI: 10.1177/17455057241234524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary dysmenorrhea is associated with poorer quality of life; however, the causal mechanism remains unclear. A vast body of literature supports the use of oral probiotics for relief from the symptoms of endometriosis; however, to our knowledge, no study has prescribed probiotics for primary dysmenorrhea. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of 3-month supplementation with oral probiotics on quality of life and inflammatory markers in women with primary dysmenorrhea. DESIGN Randomized placebo-controlled trial. METHODS A total of 72 patients (36 patients in each arm) were randomized to receive either oral sachets containing 5 billion colony-forming units each of Lactobacillus acidophilus BCMC (BCrobes Microbial Cells) 12130, Lactobacillus casei subsp BCMC 12313, Lactobacillus lactis BCMC 12451, Bifidobacterium bifidum BCMC 02290, Bifidobacterium longum BCMC 02120, and Bifidobacterium infantis BCMC 02129 each or placebo twice daily for 3 months. Main outcome measures were visual analog scale, verbal rating scale, physical and mental health scores using Short-Form 12-Item version 2 questionnaire, frequency of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use, and changes in inflammatory markers (interleukin-6, interleukin-8, and tumor necrosis factor alpha) before and after treatment. RESULTS There was no significant difference in the quality of life scores between the probiotic and placebo groups. Both groups showed significant improvement in pain (visual analog scale) and severity (verbal rating scale) scores but the probiotic group had much lower nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use (odds ratio: 0.69, 95% confidence interval: 0.26-1.83) and better mental health scores (mean change: 6.5, p = 0.03 versus 6.1, p = 0.08) than the placebo group. There was a significant confounding effect of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use on quality of life scores. No significant difference was found in inflammatory cytokines. CONCLUSION Tested oral probiotics improved mental health and potentially reduced the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; however, there was no significant change in inflammatory markers. Further research with a larger sample size is needed to confirm the findings. REGISTRATION This study is registered under ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04119011).
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Affiliation(s)
- Izyan Atiqah Zakaria
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nur Aini Mohammed Zain
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chew Kah Teik
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Azrai Abu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ani Amelia Zainuddin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nor Haslinda Abdul Aziz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nazarudin Safian
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Norfilza Mohd Mokhtar
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Raja Affendi Raja Ali
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ng Beng Kwang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nor Azlin Mohamed Ismail
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Rafiuddin Hamizan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Wira Sorfan Ab Razak
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Abdul Ghani Nur Azurah
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Hassanzadeh R, Shabani F, Montazeri M, Mirghafourvand M. The Effect of Fenugreek on the Severity of Dysmenorrhea: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Curr Drug Res Rev 2024; 16:219-227. [PMID: 37594100 DOI: 10.2174/2589977515666230818092814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dysmenorrhea is the most common periodic pain, which affects more than 50% of women with regular menstruation. Fenugreek is one of the medicinal plants with analgesic properties. This study aimed to determine the effect of fenugreek application in the severity of dysmenorrhea and its side effects in women with dysmenorrhea. PICO: Population: women with dysmenorrhea; Intervention: fenugreek; Comparison: control groups; and Outcome: reduction in the severity of dysmenorrhea and its side effects. METHODS English database (PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Web of Science) and Persian database [SID (Scientific Information Database) and Magiran] were used for research until February 11, 2023, using the keywords "Dysmenorrhea [Mesh]," "Foenum [Mesh]," "fenugreek [Mesh]," and "Trigonella [Mesh]." The reference list of the selected articles was also checked. The quality assessment was conducted through the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions version 5.2.0. The RevMan 5.3 software was used to analyze and report the data of the entered studies. Meta-analysis results were reported with the standardized mean difference (95% confidence interval). A subgroup analysis was performed based on the type of control groups. The quality of evidence was assessed using the GRADE approach. RESULTS After removing duplicates and ineligible cases, four articles were included in the systematic review out of the 1526 records obtained. The results showed that the pain intensity caused by primary dysmenorrhea decreased with fenugreek compared to placebo (pooled result SMD: -2.21; 95% CI: -3.26 to -1.17; Z: 4.17; p <0.001). There was no significant difference between fenugreek with mefenamic acid (SMD: 0.05; 95% CI: -0.57 to 0.67; Z: 0.17; p = 0.86) and fenugreek with Chandrasura churna (SMD: 0.06; 95% CI: -0.56 to 0.68; Z: 0.19; p = 0.85). Bias, in terms of incomplete outcome data and selective reporting, was low risk in all studies, and the available evidence was low quality according to the GRADE approach. CONCLUSION The results showed that the effect of fenugreek on pain intensity in dysmenorrhea is highly uncertain. The true effect is likely to be substantially different from the estimate of effect. Regarding the importance of the health and quality of life of women of reproductive age and the low quality of evidence of the studies, clinical trials with stronger methodology are suggested in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robab Hassanzadeh
- Department of Midwifery, Bonab Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bonab, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Shabani
- Midwifery Department, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Montazeri
- Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mojgan Mirghafourvand
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Ciołek A, Kostecka M, Kostecka J, Kawecka P, Popik-Samborska M. An Assessment of Women's Knowledge of the Menstrual Cycle and the Influence of Diet and Adherence to Dietary Patterns on the Alleviation or Exacerbation of Menstrual Distress. Nutrients 2023; 16:69. [PMID: 38201899 PMCID: PMC10780571 DOI: 10.3390/nu16010069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
A growing number of women of reproductive age experience menstrual disorders. The menstrual cycle is considerably influenced by dietary habits, physical activity, and the use of stimulants. The main aim of this study was to assess women's knowledge about the menstrual cycle and the influence of diet and lifestyle factors on menstrual symptoms, and to identify dietary models that may alleviate or exacerbate menstrual distress. A total of 505 young women participated in the study. Nearly 90% of the respondents reported at least one menstrual disorder, mostly dysmenorrhea (70.7%), whereas secondary amenorrhea was least frequently reported (13.8%) (p = 0.002). In the study population, dysmenorrhea/menstrual distress was linked with higher consumption frequency of certain food groups. Women with severe dysmenorrhea consumed refined cereal products, processed meat, sugar, and water significantly more frequently than women with moderate menstrual pain. In turn, sweetened dairy products, animal fats, and fruit were consumed more frequently by women with low intensity of menstrual pain (mild pain). Significant differences in knowledge about the menstrual cycle and physiological changes in the body were observed between the compared dietary models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Ciołek
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science and Biotechnology, University of Life Sciences, Akademicka 15, 20-950 Lublin, Poland; (A.C.); (P.K.)
| | - Malgorzata Kostecka
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science and Biotechnology, University of Life Sciences, Akademicka 15, 20-950 Lublin, Poland; (A.C.); (P.K.)
| | - Julianna Kostecka
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 19, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Paulina Kawecka
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science and Biotechnology, University of Life Sciences, Akademicka 15, 20-950 Lublin, Poland; (A.C.); (P.K.)
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Zurfluh L, Spinelli MG, Betschart C, Simões-Wüst AP. Repurposing of Bryophyllum pinnatum for dysmenorrhea treatment: a systematic scoping review and case series. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1292919. [PMID: 38130407 PMCID: PMC10735689 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1292919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysmenorrhea affects women throughout their reproductive years but there has been a lack of effective and well-tolerated treatment options. Pain symptoms mainly result from inflammatory processes and increased contractile activity in the myometrium. The reported use of Bryophyllum pinnatum preparations against inflammation and pain in ethnomedicine as well as current pharmacological data on their inhibition of myometrial contractility led us to hypothesize that this medicinal plant might be a new treatment option for dysmenorrhea. In the first part of the present work, clinical, in vivo, and in vitro studies on the anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory, as well as on myometrium relaxing properties of B. pinnatum are reviewed. In the second part, cases of five women with dysmenorrhea who were tentatively treated with a B. pinnatum product are described. The review revealed thirty-three experimental in vivo and in vitro studies, but no clinical study, reporting anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of B. pinnatum extracts and compounds in a wide range of conditions. Moreover, sixteen publications on smooth muscle contractility revealed relaxing effects. The latter consisted of clinical evidence, as well as of in vivo and in vitro data. The evidence reviewed therefore provided a rational basis for the use of B. pinnatum in the treatment of dysmenorrhea. We subsequently set out to tentatively treat patients with a well-tolerated B. pinnatum product that is registered (without indication) and commonly used in obstetrics and gynecology in Switzerland. All five treated patients reported a reduction in pain symptoms and 4 out of 5 indicated a reduced intake of painkillers during menstruation. Taken together, the reviewed information on the pharmacological properties and clinical evidence of B. pinnatum extracts and compounds as well as the outcomes of all five patients in the case series support our hypothesis in favor of B. pinnatum as a new, well-tolerated therapeutic approach for dysmenorrhea. Prospective clinical studies are urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonie Zurfluh
- Department of Obstetrics, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marialuigia Giovannini Spinelli
- Klinik Arlesheim, Research Department, Arlesheim, Switzerland
- Praxis Geburt & Familie, Dr. med. Werner Stadlmayr GmbH, Aarau, Switzerland
| | - Cornelia Betschart
- Department of Gynecology, University Hospital and University Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ana Paula Simões-Wüst
- Department of Obstetrics, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Klinik Arlesheim, Research Department, Arlesheim, Switzerland
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15
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Mohamad Bakro R, Farrukh MJ, Rajagopal M, Kristina SA, Ramatillah DL, Ming LC, Paneerselvam GS, Hadi MA. Assessment of prevalence, knowledge and health-related practices of dysmenorrhea among Malaysian women in Kuala Lumpur: a cross-sectional survey. Ann Med 2023; 55:2281655. [PMID: 38010360 PMCID: PMC10763855 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2023.2281655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Menstruation is a natural phenomenon considered an important indicator of women's health, reflecting their endocrine function. Women in low middle income countries face substantial menstrual hygiene management challenges. Data on the knowledge of dysmenorrhea and health-related practices among Malaysian women are scarce. The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of dysmenorrhea among Malaysian women in Kuala Lumpur and its association with socio-demographic factors, knowledge level, and general practices. METHOD A cross-sectional study was carried out among Malaysian women in Kuala Lumpur. A total of 362 unmarried women, nulliparous and aged between 18 and 25 years old, were included in this study. Participants were conveniently recruited through online platforms as well as face to face using a self-administered questionnaire with five sections consisting of demographics, menstrual characteristics, Working ability, Location, Intensity, Days of pain, Dysmenorrhea (WaLIDD) score for diagnosing and assessing the severity of dysmenorrhea as well as an evaluation of respondents' general knowledge and practices towards dysmenorrhea. The collected data were analysed using the SPSS tool, a descriptive statistic was used to report demographic characteristics. Inferential statistics was used to report the differentiation, association, and correlations of the variables. RESULTS The prevalence of primary dysmenorrhea was 73.2%. It was found that the majority of the respondents had poor knowledge (60%) and poor practices (61.88%) of dysmenorrhea. The most common preventive practices among the respondents were using dietary supplements, and herbs, taking a rest and exercising. The findings also indicated that dysmenorrhea among the respondents was significantly associated with family history of dysmenorrhea (p = 0.002), monthly income (p = 0.001), and knowledge level (p = 0.001). CONCLUSION Dysmenorrhea has a high prevalence among women in Malaysia in Kula Lumpur driven by low knowledge and lack of evidence-based practices among these women. Thus, it is critical for Government and healthcare authorities to promote education related to women health among Malaysian women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Mohamad Bakro
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Mogana Rajagopal
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Susi Ari Kristina
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | | | - Long Chiau Ming
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Sunway City, Malaysia
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Deodato M, Grosso G, Drago A, Martini M, Dudine E, Murena L, Buoite Stella A. Efficacy of manual therapy and pelvic floor exercises for pain reduction in primary dysmenorrhea: A prospective observational study. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2023; 36:185-191. [PMID: 37949558 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2023.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary dysmenorrhea represents one of the most common causes of pelvic and low back pain. Pharmacological treatment can present some side effects, and non-pharmacological treatments should be considered to improve the symptoms of primary dysmenorrhea. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of manual therapy (MT), pelvic floor exercises (PFE), and their combination (MT + PFE) to improve clinical outcomes and pain sensitivity in women with primary dysmenorrhea. METHODS A prospective observational study was conducted. Thirty females (age 25.0 ± 6.1 y) with history of primary dysmenorrhea participated to 8 sessions of 60 min of either MT, PFE or MT + PFE, twice per week. They participated to the different treatments according to the different services offered by the school of physiotherapy. A 0-10 numeric rating scale (NRS) was administered to assess subjective pain, while short-form 36 (SF-36) was used to evaluate quality of life. The pressure pain threshold (PPT) was assessed with a portable algometer on different pelvic and lumbar areas. RESULTS Independently from the treatment, significant improvements were reported for general pain NRS (p < 0.001; pη2 = 0.511), as well as most the domains of the SF-36, although the general health domain did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.613; pη2 = 0.010). PPT revealed a general improvement in all tested body areas, although on the quadratus lumborum, the PFE treatment did not induce a significant improvement compared to the MT and MT + PFE protocols (p = 0.039). CONCLUSIONS These findings highlight the importance of proposing physiotherapy treatments to females with primary dysmenorrhea to improve symptoms, with manual therapy combined with active pelvic floor exercise providing the best outcomes including an improvement of lumbar pain thresholds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Deodato
- School of Physiotherapy, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, via Pascoli 31, 34100, Trieste, Italy
| | - Giulia Grosso
- School of Physiotherapy, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, via Pascoli 31, 34100, Trieste, Italy
| | - Alice Drago
- School of Physiotherapy, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, via Pascoli 31, 34100, Trieste, Italy
| | - Miriam Martini
- School of Physiotherapy, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, via Pascoli 31, 34100, Trieste, Italy
| | - Erica Dudine
- School of Physiotherapy, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, via Pascoli 31, 34100, Trieste, Italy
| | - Luigi Murena
- School of Physiotherapy, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, via Pascoli 31, 34100, Trieste, Italy; Orthopaedics and Traumatology Unit, Cattinara Hospital - ASUGI, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - Alex Buoite Stella
- School of Physiotherapy, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, via Pascoli 31, 34100, Trieste, Italy.
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Wuni A, Abena Nyarko B, Mohammed Ibrahim M, Abdulai Baako I, Mohammed IS, Buunaaisie C. Prevalence, Management, and Impact of Dysmenorrhea on the Lives of Nurse and Midwife Trainees in Northern Ghana. Obstet Gynecol Int 2023; 2023:8823525. [PMID: 37608871 PMCID: PMC10442185 DOI: 10.1155/2023/8823525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Dysmenorrhea is the most common gynecological problem affecting the majority of female students in the nursing profession today. They often experience severe pain that is not only incapacitating but also has a significant impact on their day-to-day college life, academic, and clinical performance. Aim This study was conducted to assess the prevalence, management, and impact of dysmenorrhea on the lives of nurse and midwife trainees in northern Ghana. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional design with a quantitative approach to data collection was employed to collect data from nurse and midwife trainees in three colleges of nursing and/or midwifery in the northern region of Ghana. A proportionate stratified random sampling technique was used to recruit 303 respondents for the study. After gaining permission from various institutions, data were collected by using a structured questionnaire from 13th September to 28th October, 2022. Stata (special edition) for Windows version 17.0 was used for the statistical analyses. Results The study revealed a high prevalence of dysmenorrhea among female nursing students (66.7% and 95% CI: 0.611-0.720). More than half of the respondents (67.3%) experienced loss of appetite for food. The most common site of most intense pain was the pelvis and lower abdomen (98.0%). A greater proportion of students (65.8%) used antispastic drugs to reduce pain. The respondents' concentration in the classroom was greatly affected (77.2%) as well as normal physical activities (58.4%). A multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that the odds of dysmenorrhea are 2.67 times higher when the duration of menstruation is 4-5 days (AOR = 1.82, 95% CI = 1.13-6.28, and p = 0.024) than a duration of 1-3 days. Having urinary tract infections was associated with 3.56 times higher odds of dysmenorrhea (AOR = 3.56, 95% CI = 0.98-12.86, and p = 0.053). Again, the odds of dysmenorrhea were also four times higher among respondents with a family history of the same condition (AOR = 4.05, 95% CI = 2.16-7.61, and p = 0.001). Conclusion The current study revealed a high prevalence of dysmenorrhea among nurse and midwife trainees in the northern part of Ghana. The majority of the respondent experienced loss of appetite and intense pain in the pelvis and lower abdomen, and their concentration during lectures was also significantly affected. The most predominant nonpharmacological method used for reducing the pain was sleep and the application of warm objects on the abdomen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abubakari Wuni
- Department of Medicine for the Elderly (C6), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge, UK
- Nurses' and Midwives' Training College, Tamale, Ghana
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18
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Walicka-Cupryś K, Pelc AR, Pasierb M, Płonka S, Pal A, Rosowska N. Effect of Lumbar Spine Mobility and Postural Alignment on Menstrual Pain in Young Women. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6458. [PMID: 37568998 PMCID: PMC10418796 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20156458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: Studies indicate that 45 to 95% of women suffer from painful periods. Despite frequent incidence, the problem is still underestimated. Menstruation-related ailments often correlate with high absenteeism at school and work, as well as limitation of social and scientific activity. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between the size of the curvature, the mobility of the spine in the sagittal plane, and menstrual pain in young women. (2) Methods: The analysis included 224 women aged 18-26, mean of 21.56 ± 1.95, studying at the College of Medical Sciences of the University of Rzeszów. For this purpose, the measurement of the anterior-posterior curvature of the spine with a gravitational inclinometer, the Schober test and the authors' questionnaire related to menstruation were used. (3) Results: The data analysis demonstrated a significant difference between the group with menstrual pain (MP) and the control group without pain (CG), where the angle of the lumbar sacral transition (p = 0.034), thoracolumbar transition (p = 0.044) and lumbar lordosis (p = 0.006) were statistically significantly lower in MP compared to CG. There were no significant differences in the measurement of the so-called smartphone hump and between the mobility of the lumbar spine and menstrual pain in any of the groups. (4) Conclusions: Women with menstrual pain are characterized by reduced lumbar lordosis and thoracic kyphosis, while sagittal mobility of the spine does not affect pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Walicka-Cupryś
- Faculty of Health Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Rzeszów, Rejtana 16c Street, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
- Student Scientific Circle—Fascination with Body Posture “Habitus”, University of Rzeszów, Rejtana 16c Street, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Renata Pelc
- Faculty of Health Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Rzeszów, Rejtana 16c Street, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
- Student Scientific Circle—Fascination with Body Posture “Habitus”, University of Rzeszów, Rejtana 16c Street, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Mirosław Pasierb
- Faculty of Health Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Rzeszów, Rejtana 16c Street, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
- Student Scientific Circle—Fascination with Body Posture “Habitus”, University of Rzeszów, Rejtana 16c Street, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Sylwia Płonka
- Faculty of Health Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Rzeszów, Rejtana 16c Street, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Pal
- Faculty of Health Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Rzeszów, Rejtana 16c Street, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Nikola Rosowska
- Faculty of Health Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Rzeszów, Rejtana 16c Street, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
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Tewani S, Sharma H, Tewani GR, Kodali PB, Nair PM. The Long-Term Impact of Therapeutic Fasting on Primary Dysmenorrhea in Young Female Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Cureus 2023; 15:e41437. [PMID: 37546092 PMCID: PMC10403809 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.41437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and objective Primary dysmenorrhea (PD) is one of the leading health issues among women. According to reports, nutrition/diet significantly affects the severity and course of PD. The present study aimed to evaluate the role of therapeutic fasting in alleviating the symptoms associated with PD, improving quality of life (QoL), and reducing absenteeism among young female adults with PD. Methods A total of 52 participants aged between 18 and 24 years were included in the study and randomly classified into two groups of 26 each. The study group (fasting group) was assigned to undergo a 10-day fasting regimen (≤500 kcal/day) while the control group was to follow a normal dietary routine. The severity of pain, associated distress symptoms, QoL, and sleep quality were measured at baseline and on the fifth day of the first, second, and third menstruation cycles after the intervention, using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), the World Health Organization Quality of Life Brief Version (WHOQOL-BREF) questionnaire, and Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index. We also recorded the rate of absenteeism among the study participants during menstruation cycles. Results We observed a significant reduction in pain (p<0.001), cramps (p=0.001), nausea/vomiting (p=0.02), dizziness (p=0.007), and mood changes (p=0.005) in the study group compared to the control group. The effects were persistent in most of the variables at the second and third follow-ups as well. The physical (p=0.005) and psychological (p<0.001) QoL significantly improved in the first month, and we observed a similar trend at the second (physical p=0.03; psychological p=0.001) and third follow-ups (psychological p=0.002) except for physical QoL, which was significant only at the second follow-up. The fasting group had significantly lower absenteeism compared to the controls during the first follow-up (p=0.001). Conclusion Therapeutic fasting may be considered a safe and effective option in the management of PD. Future trials should examine the long-term sustainability of the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saraswati Tewani
- Department of Naturopathy, Sant Hirdaram Medical College of Naturopathy and Yogic Sciences for Women, Bhopal, IND
| | - Hemanshu Sharma
- Department of Community Medicine, Sant Hirdaram Medical College of Naturopathy and Yogic Sciences for Women, Bhopal, IND
| | - Gulab R Tewani
- Department of Naturopathy, Sant Hirdaram Yoga and Nature Cure Hospital, Bhopal, IND
| | - Prakash B Kodali
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Central University of Kerala, Kasaragod, IND
| | - Pradeep Mk Nair
- Department of Research, Sant Hirdaram Medical College of Naturopathy and Yogic Sciences for Women, Bhopal, IND
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Horvat M, Pavan Jukić D, Marinović L, Bursać D, Ribić R, Neuberg M, Bursać D. Prevalence of Primary Dysmenorrhoea and Its Impact on Academic Performance among Croatian Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Obstet Gynecol Int 2023; 2023:2953762. [PMID: 37304995 PMCID: PMC10257551 DOI: 10.1155/2023/2953762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Dysmenorrhoea is one of the most common gynaecological problems. Therefore, it is important to investigate its impact during the COVID-19 pandemic which has a great impact on the lives of menstruating people all over the world. Aim To determine the prevalence and impact of primary dysmenorrhoea on academic performance among students during the pandemic. Materials and Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in April 2021. All data were collected by an anonymous self-assessed web-based questionnaire. Due to voluntary participation in the study, 1210 responses were received, but 956 were left for analysis after exclusion criteria were applied. Descriptive quantitative analysis was performed and Kendall rank correlation coefficient was used. Results The prevalence of primary dysmenorrhoea was 90.1%. Menstrual pain was mild in 7.4% of cases, moderate in 28.8%, and severe in 63.8%. The study found that primary dysmenorrhoea has a great perceived impact on all included aspects of academic performance. Most affected were concentration in class in 810 (94.1%) and doing homework and learning in 809 (94.0%) female students. There is also a correlation between menstrual pain intensity and its impact on academic performance (p < 0.001). Conclusions Our study found that the prevalence of primary dysmenorrhoea among students at the University of Zagreb is high. Painful menstruation greatly impacts academic performance and therefore it is important to do more research on this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Doroteja Pavan Jukić
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Merkur, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Lovro Marinović
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Merkur, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dina Bursać
- Department of Oral Surgery, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | | | - Danijel Bursać
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Merkur, Zagreb, Croatia
- University North, Varaždin, Croatia
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Bougault V, Schiano-Lomoriello S, Castanier C, Buisson C, Ericsson M, Teulier C, Collomp K. Physical activity and combined hormonal contraception: association with female students' perception of menstrual symptoms. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1185343. [PMID: 37265844 PMCID: PMC10230043 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1185343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: The aim of this study was to examine the association between physical activity (PA) and combined hormonal contraceptive (CHC) on female students' self perceptio of their menstrual cycle symptoms. Methods: Healthy French female students (n = 834) completed an online questionnaire to assess their PA level (Group 1: non-active; Group 2: moderate physical activity; Group 3: high physical activity; Group 4: very high physical activity), menstrual status or contraception use, self-reported diet and medication, impact on engagement in some social activities, and self-assessment of perceived mental and physical symptoms during the week prior to menses (PM) for students with a normal menstrual cycle (NMC), and the week of menses (ME) for normal menstrual cycle students and those using combined hormonal contraception. Results: Whatever the conditions (PM and ME, NMC and CHC), fewer self-perceived symptoms and self-reported alteration in fat intake were reported by the students in Group 4, and more analgesic and anti-inflammatory medication use was reported by Group 1. Fewer self-perceived symptoms were also found in CHC vs NMC female students for all physical activity levels, but in a more marked way when associated with very high physical activity. In addition, less university and sports practice absenteeism was observed with high and very high physical activity. Conclusion: In conclusion, the perception of menstrual cycle symptoms was lower with very high physical activity, as with combined hormonal contraception. Moreover, female students training more than 5 h/week also reported less university absenteeism and impairment in physical activities. Further studies are necessary to establish the causal link of physical activity and combined hormonal contraception on menstrual symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sandrine Schiano-Lomoriello
- CIAMS, Université d'Orléans, Orléans, France
- CIAMS, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
- Sport, Physical Activity, Rehabilitation and Movement for Performance and Health Research Group, Orléans, France
| | - Carole Castanier
- CIAMS, Université d'Orléans, Orléans, France
- CIAMS, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Corinne Buisson
- Laboratoire Anti-Dopage Français, LADF, Université Paris-Saclay, Chatenay-Malabry, France
| | - Magnus Ericsson
- Laboratoire Anti-Dopage Français, LADF, Université Paris-Saclay, Chatenay-Malabry, France
| | - Caroline Teulier
- CIAMS, Université d'Orléans, Orléans, France
- CIAMS, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Katia Collomp
- CIAMS, Université d'Orléans, Orléans, France
- CIAMS, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
- Sport, Physical Activity, Rehabilitation and Movement for Performance and Health Research Group, Orléans, France
- Laboratoire Anti-Dopage Français, LADF, Université Paris-Saclay, Chatenay-Malabry, France
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Odongo E, Byamugisha J, Ajeani J, Mukisa J. Prevalence and effects of menstrual disorders on quality of life of female undergraduate students in Makerere University College of health sciences, a cross sectional survey. BMC Womens Health 2023; 23:152. [PMID: 36997915 PMCID: PMC10064702 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-023-02290-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Menstrual problems affect as high as 90% of adolescent females and are the main reason for gynecology visits. Dysmenorrhea was the most frequent menstrual disorder for which adolescents and their parents were referred to a physician. Many undergraduate students are adolescents who undergo several hormonal changes that affect menstrual patterns. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of menstrual disorders and to determine the effect of menstrual disorders on quality of life (QOL) of female undergraduate students at Makerere University college of health sciences. METHODS A cross sectional study design using a self-administered questionnaire. WHO (World Health Organization) QOL-BREF (QOL-Best Available Reference document) questionnaire was used to assess QOL of participants. Collected data was double entered into EPIDATA, and transferred to STATA for analysis. Data was presented using tables, and analyzed using percentages, frequencies, medians, interquartile range, means and standard deviations, t-test and ANOVA were used to establish statistical significance. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS Of the participants, 275 were included in the data analysis. The median age of the participants was 21 years with range of 18-39 years and interquartile range of 20-24 years. All the participants had attained menarche. Of the participants, 97.8% (95%CI: 95.2-99.0) (269/275) reported some form of menstrual disorder. Premenstrual symptoms were the commonest disorder (93.8% (95%CI: 90.2-96.1), N = 258) followed by dysmenorrhea (63.6% (95% CI: 57.7-69.1), N = 175), irregular menstruation (20.7% (95%CI: 16.3-25.9), N = 57), frequent menstruation (7.3% 95% CI:4.7-11.0, N = 20) and infrequent menstruation (3.3% (95% CI:1.7-6.2), N = 9). Dysmenorrhea and premenstrual symptoms significantly reduced the QOL scores of participants. CONCLUSION Menstrual disorders were highly prevalent with negative effects on QOL and class attendance. Efforts should be made to screen and possibly treat menstrual disorders among university students as well as to conduct further studies to elucidate more on the effects of menstrual disorders on quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Odongo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
| | - Josaphat Byamugisha
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Judith Ajeani
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mulago Specialized Women's and Neonatal Hospital, Kampala, Uganda
| | - John Mukisa
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
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23
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Mizuta R, Maeda N, Tashiro T, Suzuki Y, Oda S, Komiya M, Urabe Y. Quality of life by dysmenorrhea severity in young and adult Japanese females: A web-based cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0283130. [PMID: 36928823 PMCID: PMC10019623 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0283130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysmenorrhea is a monthly menstrual pain that can limit a woman's quality of life (QOL). The relationship between dysmenorrhea severity and QOL has been reported in several countries; however, the results cannot be generalized because lifestyle and cultural background affect menstrual pain. This study sought to uncover whether 1) different factors, such as emotions and ways of coping with symptoms, vary with the severity of dysmenorrhea and 2) the severity of dysmenorrhea ultimately affects QOL in Japan. A web-based cross-sectional survey was sent to 1000 Japanese females aged 16-30 years. The respondents were divided into two groups: those without dysmenorrhea (n = 24) and those with dysmenorrhea (n = 471). The severity of dysmenorrhea was classified using the Numerical Rating Scale as either mild (1-3), moderate (4-7), or severe (8-10). In total, 156 respondents reported mild dysmenorrhea, 249 reported moderate dysmenorrhea, and 66 reported severe dysmenorrhea. QOL was measured using the 26-item World Health Organization Quality of Life scale. One-way ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to compare QOL across different levels of dysmenorrhea severity, depending on normality. Ultimately, significant differences in QOL scores (p<0.001) were observed based on dysmenorrhea severity, with respondents with severe dysmenorrhea reporting the lowest QOL scores. Meanwhile, significant differences were observed in the physical, psychological, and environmental subscales (p<0.001, p<0.001, p = 0.019) across respondents with different levels of dysmenorrhea severity; notably, respondents with severe dysmenorrhea demonstrated a negative spiral of chronic pain, which may significantly impact QOL, and, relatedly, a relatively low psychological QOL. This study is the first to show the relationship between dysmenorrhea severity and QOL in Japanese females, who are more likely to experience negative feelings during menstruation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rami Mizuta
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Noriaki Maeda
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tsubasa Tashiro
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yuta Suzuki
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Kyusyu Nutrition Welfare University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Sakura Oda
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Makoto Komiya
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yukio Urabe
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Salman M, Umar M, Shahid H, Haq K, Asif S, Talha M. The Effect of Yoga on Pain and Quality of Life in Primary Dysmenorrhea: A Cross Sectional Survey. PAKISTAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES 2022:161-165. [DOI: 10.54393/pjhs.v3i07.466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Dysmenorrhea is a painful syndrome that accompanies the menstrual cycles. Objectives: The main objective of this research was to determine the effects of yoga exercises on pain and quality of life in female undergraduate students suffering from primary dysmenorrhea. Methods: After taking approval from Ethical review committee of Rawal Institute of Health Sciences, an observation type of cross-section survey was conducted in 470 young undergraduate female students of age between 17-26, suffering from primary dysmenorrhea. By non-probability sampling participants were divided into two groups. Group-1 was of those females who had active lifestyle and doing yoga exercises and group-2 were of those who had sedentary lifestyle and didn’t do any kind of exercise. To measure the outcome variables, EQ-5D-5L questionnaire was used to measure QoL & NPRS to measure pain. Data were taken at baseline and after 12th week. Wilcoxon rank test was used for within group analysis and Mann Whitney U test was used to compare mean between groups. Data was analyzed in SPSS software version 21 along with Microsoft Excel 2019. Results: 21.16+2.66 &22.27+2.53 was the Mean+SD of age of group-1 & group-2 respectively. Between groups analysis revealed that p-value for NPRS was <0.05 but was >0.05 in quality of life. Conclusion: Yoga exercises are safer and easiest way to manage pain of primary dysmenorrhea in undergraduate females without any drug use.
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25
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Ponzo S, Wickham A, Bamford R, Radovic T, Zhaunova L, Peven K, Klepchukova A, Payne JL. Menstrual cycle-associated symptoms and workplace productivity in US employees: A cross-sectional survey of users of the Flo mobile phone app. Digit Health 2022; 8:20552076221145852. [PMID: 36544535 PMCID: PMC9761221 DOI: 10.1177/20552076221145852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Mood and physical symptoms related to the menstrual cycle affect women's productivity at work, often leading to absenteeism. However, employer-led initiatives to tackle these issues are lacking. Digital health interventions focused on women's health (such as the Flo app) could help fill this gap. Methods 1867 users of the Flo app participated in a survey exploring the impact of their menstrual cycle on their workplace productivity and the role of Flo in mitigating some of the identified issues. Results The majority reported a moderate to severe impact of their cycle on workplace productivity, with 45.2% reporting absenteeism (5.8 days on average in the previous 12 months). 48.4% reported not receiving any support from their manager and 94.6% said they were not provided with any specific benefit for issues related to their menstrual cycle, with 75.6% declaring wanting them. Users stated that the Flo app helped them with the management of menstrual cycle symptoms (68.7%), preparedness and bodily awareness (88.7%), openness with others (52.5%), and feeling supported (77.6%). Users who reported the most positive impact of the Flo app were 18-25% less likely to report an impact of their menstrual cycle on their productivity and 12-18% less likely to take days off work for issues related to their cycle. Conclusions Apps such as Flo could equip individuals with tools to better cope with issues related to their menstrual cycle and facilitate discussions around menstrual health in the workplace.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Ponzo
- Flo Health
Inc., London, UK,Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London,
UK,Sonia Ponzo, Flo Health Inc., 27 Old
Gloucester Street, London, WC1N 3AX, UK.
| | | | | | - Tara Radovic
- Flo Health
Inc., London, UK,Department of Psychology and Ergonomics,
Technische
Universitaet Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Kimberly Peven
- Flo Health
Inc., London, UK,London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Maternal,
Adolescent, Reproductive & Child Health (MARCH) Centre, London, UK
| | | | - Jennifer L Payne
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioral Sciences,
University of
Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
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26
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Alikamali M, Mohammad-Alizadeh-Charandabi S, Maghalian M, Mirghafourvand M. The effects of vitamin E on the intensity of primary dysmenorrhea: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2022; 52:50-59. [PMID: 36513486 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2022.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Primary dysmenorrhea (PD) refers to the presence of painful menstrual cramps due to increased synthesis of prostaglandins. Vitamin E inhibits the release of arachidonic acid and its conversion to prostaglandins through its antioxidant properties. This study sought to examine the effects of oral vitamin E supplementation on PD intensity (primary outcome) and its side effects (secondary outcomes). METHODS In this systematic review and meta-analysis, databases in English and Persian, including PubMed, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science, SID, and Magiran, were systematically searched until August 30, 2021. The study included all randomized, controlled clinical trials comparing oral vitamin E to placebo in healthy women with PD and measuring PD severity as a primary or secondary outcome. The quality of the included articles was assessed using the Cochrane Handbook, and the meta-analysis was performed using RevMan software. Given the continuous nature of the data and the utilization of different tools in the extracted articles, the meta-analysis results were reported using standardized mean difference (SDM) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI). A subgroup analysis was performed in low-dose (100 units), moderate-dose (200 units), and high-dose (400 units) categories. The quality of evidence was examined according to the GRADE approach. RESULTS Eight articles with a sample size of 1002 people were entered into this systematic review. The results of meta-analysis revealed that vitamin E consumption significantly reduced PD mean intensity in the first month (n = 7 records; SDM = -1.16; 95%CI: -2.16 to -0.17; I2 = 31.9%; P = 0.02) and the second month (n = 8 records; SDM = -1.83; 95%CI: -2.90 to -0.77; I2 = 76.3.9%; P < 0.0001) compared with placebo. Serious side effects were not reported in vitamin E recipients. CONCLUSION Vitamin E could be an adjunctive treatment for women with PD. However, higher-quality clinical trials with larger sample sizes are recommended for a more definite conclusion. PROSPERO ID CRD42021276609.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mahsa Maghalian
- Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University y of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mojgan Mirghafourvand
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Shrestha R, Bhandari MS, Shrestha SS, Shrestha JTM, Shrestha U. Self-medication in Primary Dysmenorrhea among Undergraduate Students in a Medical College: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study. JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc 2022; 60:1011-1015. [PMID: 36705107 PMCID: PMC9795121 DOI: 10.31729/jnma.7816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Primary dysmenorrhea is painful menstruation in women with normal pelvic anatomy, usually beginning during adolescence, primarily associated with a normal ovulatory cycle. There is an increased likelihood of self-medication among medical students. The aim of this study is to find out the prevalence of self-medication in primary dysmenorrhea among undergraduate students in a medical college. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in a medical college among undergraduate female students with primary dysmenorrhea from 1 February 2022 to 31 May 2022. Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Committee of the same institute (Reference number: 254/2021). Convenience sampling was done. Data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire. Point estimate and 95% Confidence Interval were calculated. Results Among 213 students with primary dysmenorrhea, self-medication was found to be in 78 (36.62%) (30.15-43.09, 95% Confidence Interval)). Among all the self-medications used, mefenamic acid was most common, used by 45 (57.69%) students, followed by paracetamol 11 (14.10%). Conclusions The prevalence of self-medication practice in primary dysmenorrhea among undergraduate students was lower when compared to similar studies done in similar settings. Keywords dysmenorrhea; menstruation; prevalence; self medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchi Shrestha
- Department of Pharmacology, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal,Correspondence: Dr Ruchi Shrestha, Department of Pharmacology, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal. , Phone: +977-9843410781
| | - Mukta Singh Bhandari
- Department of Community Medicine, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | - Sony Shakya Shrestha
- Department of Pharmacology, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
| | | | - Upama Shrestha
- Department of Pharmacology, Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal
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Dysmenorrhea and Quality of Life: A Cross-Sectional Survey Among Medical Students. Neuromodulation 2022. [DOI: 10.5812/ipmn-132793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background: Primary dysmenorrhea is a prevalent condition characterized by menstrual pain in the absence of pelvic pathology, which can affect quality of life (QOL). Objectives: This study aimed to assess the QOL in medical students with dysmenorrhea in Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 298 female students between December 2021 and August 2022. The EQ-5D-3L questionnaire was used to assess the QOL of subjects. Also, age, weight, height, sleep hours per day, and exercise hours per week were evaluated. Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22. The chi-squared test and Fisher’s exact test were used for data analysis. Results: The mean age of students was 20.32 ± 3.19 years, and the prevalence of dysmenorrhea was 83.6% (n = 249). There was a significant difference in daily activity (P < 0.05) and exercise hours per week (P < 0.05) between the two groups. Pain and discomfort were remarkably higher in group with dysmenorrhea (P < 0.01). In addition, personal care was significantly reduced among subjects with dysmenorrhea (P < 0.05). Sleep hours per day, body mass index (BMI), age, mobility, and anxiety were similar between the two groups. Conclusions: According to our results, dysmenorrhea was significantly related to impaired QOL, considering some aspects such as daily activity.
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Ramón-Arbués E, Echániz-Serrano E, Martínez-Abadía B, Antón-Solanas I, Cobos-Rincón A, Santolalla-Arnedo I, Juárez-Vela R, Adam Jerue B. Predictors of the Quality of Life of University Students: A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph191912043. [PMID: 36231345 PMCID: PMC9564890 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Quality of life (QOL) is a complex and multifaceted concept that has been used to study different aspects of people's lives, including physical and psychological wellbeing, financial independence, social relationships, personal beliefs and living situation. In this study, we aimed to assess the QOL of a group of Spanish university students and identify associated factors. METHOD We completed a cross-sectional study of the QOL of 868 university students using the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire. In addition, data regarding sociodemographic information and self-esteem (Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale), physical activity (International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short version), diet (Spanish Index of Healthy Eating), alcohol consumption (CAGE questionnaire) and sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) were collected. RESULTS A total of 66.2% of participants assessed their QOL positively, while 58.8% favorably evaluated their overall health. Students reported the highest scores for the physical health domain of QOL, whereas they gave the lowest scores for the psychological health domain. Age was inversely associated with QOL. Higher self-esteem and satisfaction with academic performance, as well as sleep and diet quality, were directly associated with higher QOL. The physical health domain of QOL was scored more highly by participants who had a healthy body weight or those who reported moderate levels of physical activity. Higher scores in the social relationships domain of QOL were directly linked to alcohol intake, smoking and low body weight in addition to being inversely associated with screen time. The psychological domain of QOL was lower for those who were overweight or lived alone. CONCLUSION Many sociodemographic, academic and behavioral variables are associated with university students' QOL. The present findings underscore the need to direct further initiatives toward identifying and overcoming barriers to increased QOL for university students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Ramón-Arbués
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Campus Universitario Villanueva de Gállego, Universidad San Jorge, 50830 Saragossa, Spain
- H27_20D Transfercult, Investigation Group, Aragón, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Emmanuel Echániz-Serrano
- H27_20D Transfercult, Investigation Group, Aragón, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Zaragoza University, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Correspondence: (E.E.-S.); (R.J.-V.)
| | - Blanca Martínez-Abadía
- Occupational Health and Prevention Service of the Zaragoza City Council, 50003 Saragossa, Spain
| | | | - Ana Cobos-Rincón
- GRUPAC, Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of La Rioja, 26004 Logroño, Spain
- Biomedical Research Center of La Rioja (CIBIR), 26004 Logroño, Spain
| | - Iván Santolalla-Arnedo
- GRUPAC, Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of La Rioja, 26004 Logroño, Spain
- Biomedical Research Center of La Rioja (CIBIR), 26004 Logroño, Spain
| | - Raúl Juárez-Vela
- GRUPAC, Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of La Rioja, 26004 Logroño, Spain
- Biomedical Research Center of La Rioja (CIBIR), 26004 Logroño, Spain
- Correspondence: (E.E.-S.); (R.J.-V.)
| | - Benjamin Adam Jerue
- Faculty of Communication and Social Sciences, Campus Universitario Villanueva de Gállego, Universidad San Jorge, 50830 Saragossa, Spain
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Alhammadi MH, Albogmi AM, Alzahrani MK, Shalabi BH, Fatta FA, AlBasri SF. Menstrual cycle irregularity during examination among female medical students at King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. BMC Womens Health 2022; 22:367. [PMID: 36068523 PMCID: PMC9446759 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-022-01952-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Menstrual irregularity is defined as any differences in the frequency, irregularity of onset, duration of flow, or volume of blood from the regular menstrual cycle. It is an important medical issue that many medical students suffer from. The study aimed to determine the menstrual cycle abnormalities women experienced during exams and to investigate the most common types of irregularities among female medical students at King Abdulaziz University in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted among female medical students between September and October 2021 at King Abdulaziz University in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. For this study, the estimated sample size (n = 450) was derived from the online Raosoft sample size calculator. Thus, 450 female medical students from second to sixth year were selected through stratified random sampling. A validated online questionnaire collected data about demographics, menstrual irregularities during exams, type of irregularities, menstrual history, family history of menstrual irregularities, premenstrual symptoms, medication use, medical and family consultations, and absenteeism. The chi-squared test (χ2) was used to analyze the associations between variables.
Results
A total of 48.2% of participants had menstrual irregularities during exams. The most common irregularity was dysmenorrhea (70.9%), followed by a lengthened cycle (45.6%), and heavy bleeding (41.9%). A total of 93% of medical students suffered from premenstrual symptoms and 60.4% used medication such as herbal medication and home remedies to relieve menstrual irregularities, and 12.1% of the students missed classes due to menstrual irregularities. A non-significant relationship was found between menstrual irregularities during exams and students’ demographics, academic year, and age at menarche, while oligomenorrhea, a heavier than normal bleed, a longer than normal cycle, and missing classes due to menstrual irregularities were significantly higher among single students as opposed to married students.
Conclusion
The results showed that female medical students have a significant frequency of menstruation abnormalities during exams period. Colleges should raise awareness among medical students about coping with examination stress and seeking medical care for menstrual abnormalities.
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Park J, Lim YC, Hwang DS, Ha IH, Lee YS. Analysis of Healthcare Utilization for Primary Dysmenorrhea in Korea: A Retrospective, Cross-Sectional Study. Int J Womens Health 2022; 14:1015-1027. [PMID: 35959202 PMCID: PMC9359788 DOI: 10.2147/ijwh.s366386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study is a retrospective, cross-sectional study aiming to present basic data on the treatment modalities and cost of care for primary dysmenorrhea (PD) by analyzing healthcare utilization and patient distributions using the 2010 to 2018 Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA) data. Patients and Methods We used the HIRA-National Patient Sample (NPS) data to analyze medical service utilization for PD (ICD-10 code: N94.4, N94.6) in Western medicine (WM) or Korean medicine (KM) care between January 2010 and December 2018. Results There were 41,139 patients diagnosed with PD who utilized Western medicine (WM) or Korean medicine (KM) care at least once during the study period. The number of claims and patients steadily rose over the years from 7430 claims for 3989 patients in 2010 to 11,523 claims for 6226 patients in 2018. The predominant age group was 15 to 24 years. Regarding the frequency of service categories for PD in the claims, consultation was the most common and costly service category in WM (72,120 cases, 47.89%; 631,912 USD, 69.74%), while injection and analogous treatments was the most common and costly service category in KM (97,157 cases, 72.41%; 314,696 USD, 55.86%). Regarding the drug prescriptions, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (26,617 cases, 40.47%) were the most frequently prescribed drug for PD in pharmacies and hospitals. Conclusion The result shows an annual increase in healthcare utilization for PD with the fastest rate in individuals aged 15 to 24 years. This study provides data on the current utilization of WM and KM care for PD for policymakers. Furthermore, we analyzed the frequency and cost of common treatment modalities in WM and KM, which would be useful data for clinicians and researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhun Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Cheol Lim
- Jaseng Spine and Joint Research Institute, Jaseng Medical Foundation, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Deok-Sang Hwang
- Department of OB & GY in Korean Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Hyuk Ha
- Jaseng Spine and Joint Research Institute, Jaseng Medical Foundation, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: In-Hyuk Ha; Ye-Seul Lee, Jaseng Spine and Joint Research Institute, Jaseng Medical Foundation, 2F, 540 Gangnam-daero, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06110, Republic of Korea, Tel +82-2-2222-2740, Fax +82-2-2222-2737, Email ;
| | - Ye-Seul Lee
- Jaseng Spine and Joint Research Institute, Jaseng Medical Foundation, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Holst AS, Jacques-Aviñó C, Berenguera A, Pinzón-Sanabria D, Valls-Llobet C, Munrós-Feliu J, Martínez-Bueno C, López-Jiménez T, Vicente-Hernández MM, Medina-Perucha L. Experiences of menstrual inequity and menstrual health among women and people who menstruate in the Barcelona area (Spain): a qualitative study. Reprod Health 2022; 19:45. [PMID: 35183195 PMCID: PMC8857732 DOI: 10.1186/s12978-022-01354-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Menstrual health and menstrual inequity have been neglected in social, economic, healthcare and political spheres. Although available evidence is scarce, it already suggests a link between experiencing menstrual inequity (which refers to the systematic disparities in accessing menstrual health and education, menstrual products and spaces for menstrual management, among other aspects) and menstrual health outcomes. The aim of this study was to explore experiences of menstrual health and menstrual inequity among women and people who menstruate aged 18–55 in Barcelona and surrounding areas (Spain).
Methods
A qualitative study, using a critical feminist perspective, was conducted. Sampling was purposeful and selective. Recruitment was through sexual and reproductive health centres, social media and snowball sampling techniques. Thirty-four semi-structured photo-elicitation interviews were conducted between December 2020 and February 2021. Interviews took place in sexual and reproductive health centres, public spaces, and by telephone. Data were analysed using Reflexive Thematic Analysis.
Results
Three themes were identified: “Systemic neglect of menstruation and the menstrual cycle”, “When “the private” becomes public: menstrual management” and “Navigating menstrual health: between medicalization and agency”. Experiences of menstrual inequity appeared to be widespread among participants. They referred to the impact of having to conceal menstruation and the barriers to managing menstruation in public spaces. Choosing menstrual products was often influenced by price and availability; several participants reported menstrual poverty. A general lack of menstrual education was described. Menstrual education was usually gained through personal experience and self-learnings, or through families and friends. Menstruation and the menstrual cycle had a significant impact on participants’ day-to-day. Accessing and navigating the healthcare system was challenging, as participants mostly reported feeling dismissed and almost exclusively offered hormonal contraception as a panacea to address menstrual health.
Conclusions
The impact of menstrual inequity appears to be far-reaching. Multidimensional structural policies should promote agency in individuals and communities to enable opportunities for menstrual education, access to menstrual products, healthcare services and adequate menstrual-management facilities. Health professionals’ training is also necessary to improve access to and quality of menstrual healthcare. Policies need to be inclusive of non-binary and trans people, and vulnerable populations.
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Xuan Y, Zhang H, Liu D, Huang Y, Li L, Cao Q, Fu Y. The efficacy and safety of simple-needling for the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea compared with ibuprofen: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e28919. [PMID: 35363216 PMCID: PMC9281921 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000028919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Needling and ibuprofen are often used clinically to treat primary dysmenorrhea (PD). However, the difference between the efficacy and safety of the treatment of PD is not clear. This study evaluates the efficacy and safety of simple-needling for PD patients through a comparison with ibuprofen. METHODS A comprehensive search of 7 electronic databases and relevant medical journals, from the establishment of the publication to December 2020. The Cochrane risk of bias tool was used to evaluate the methodological quality of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that met the inclusion criteria, and a meta-analysis was performed with the Review Manager version (RevMan version 5.3). RESULTS Twenty three RCTs were included. The meta-analysis reported that simple-needling groups had better than ibuprofen groups on cure rate (relative risk = 2.29, 95% CI [1.96, 2.68], P < .00001) and total effective rate (relative risk = 1.24, 95% CI [1.19, 1.29], P < .00001) and VAS score (MD = -1.24, 95% CI [-1.92, -0.55], P = .0004). Seven studies reported adverse events, of which 4 studies had mild adverse events. CONCLUSION Simple-needling is superior to ibuprofen treatment in terms of clinical efficacy and improvement of pain symptoms. A small number of studies reported whether simple-needling produced adverse events, so there is not enough evidence to support the safety of simple-needling in the treatment of PD. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42021233403.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichen Xuan
- Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
- Science and Technology College of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Haifeng Zhang
- Department of Tuina, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Duanyong Liu
- Science and Technology College of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Yiyong Huang
- Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, China
- Science and Technology College of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Linhui Li
- Department of Acupuncture, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Qianan Cao
- Graduate School of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Yong Fu
- Department of Acupuncture, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
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Mariappen U, Chew KT, Zainuddin AA, Mahdy ZA, Abdul Ghani NA, Grover S. Quality of life of adolescents with menstrual problems in Klang Valley, Malaysia: a school population-based cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e051896. [PMID: 34983763 PMCID: PMC8728463 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-051896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the prevalence of menstrual problems (heavy menses bleeding, dysmenorrhoea and oligomenorrhoea) and its impact towards quality of life among adolescents in Klang Valley, Malaysia. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Adolescent girls at secondary schools in the Klang Valley, Malaysia. POPULATION 729 adolescents aged between 13 and 18 years. METHOD A questionnaire survey using Menorrhagia Questionnaire and Paediatric Quality of Life-Teen Report Ages 13-18 (PedsQL). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Self reports of menstrual bleeding patterns, morbidities and effect on quality of life. RESULTS The prevalence of menstrual problems among adolescents was 63.9% in the Klang Valley. Adolescents with menstrual problems had significant lower mean total score of PedsQL (70.23±13.53 vs 76.36±14.93, p=0.001), physical health summary score (74.10±16.83 vs 79.00±15.86, p<0.001) and psychosocial health summary score (68.05±14.27 vs 73.21±13.09, p=0.001) compared with those without menstrual problem. Adolescents experiencing heavy menses bleeding had the lowest physical and emotional function. Those with oligomenorrhoea had the lowest social function, whereas those with dysmenorrhoea had the lowest school function. Cigarette smoking, alcohol and medical illness had lower health-related quality of life, whereas taking oral contraceptive pills for menstrual problems was associated with higher scores in these adolescents. CONCLUSION Menstrual problems among adolescents have a significant impact on their quality of life. It is probably wise to screen them at the school level, to identify those with low functional scores and to refer them for proper management at a tertiary adolescent gynaecology centre.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uma Mariappen
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia
| | - Kah Teik Chew
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Cheras, Malaysia
| | - Ani Amelia Zainuddin
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Cheras, Malaysia
| | - Zaleha Abdullah Mahdy
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Cheras, Malaysia
| | - Nur Azurah Abdul Ghani
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Cheras, Malaysia
| | - Sonia Grover
- Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Gynaecology, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Ullah A, Fayyaz K, Javed U, Usman M, Malik R, Arif N, Kaleem A. Prevalence of Dysmenorrhea and Determinants of Pain Intensity Among University-Age Women. PAIN MEDICINE 2021; 22:2851-2862. [PMID: 34505897 DOI: 10.1093/pm/pnab273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study was conducted to determine the prevalence of dysmenorrhea and investigate factors associated with dysmenorrhic pain among university students in Lahore, Pakistan. DESIGN AND SETTING A cross-sectional study was conducted across various public and private sector universities in Lahore. METHODS A self-administered structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 600 randomly selected female university students. RESULTS The prevalence of dysmenorrhea was 91.5%. Age at menarche (odds ratio [OR] = 1.96, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.10-3.50) was the only significant factor associated with dysmenorrhea. The mean pain severity score among dysmenorrhic students was 5.62 ± 2.28. Most of the participants (65.8%) were experiencing moderate/severe pain. Univariate analysis showed that irregular cycle (OR [95% CI] = 1.62 [1.13-2.33]), age at menarche of ≤14 years (OR [95% CI] = 1.46 [1.05-2.04]), duration of menses of more than 5 days (OR [95% CI] = 1.42 [1.02-1.99]), stress (OR [95% CI] = 2.16 [1.54-3.03]), moderate meat/protein consumption (OR [95% CI] = 1.55 [1.08-2.21]), and medical specialization (OR [95% CI] = 1.72 [1.17-2.52]) were significantly associated with pain severity among dysmenorrhic female students. Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis revealed that medical specialization (OR [95% CI] = 1.83 [1.22-2.73]), age at menarche (OR [95% CI] = 0.603 [0.42-0.86]), regularity of menses (OR [95% CI] = 1.52 [1.04-2.22]), moderate meat/protein consumption (OR [95% CI] = 1.69 [1.16-2.45]), and stress (OR [95% CI] = 1.87 [1.32-2.66]) were independent predictors of moderate/severe dysmenorrhic pain. CONCLUSION The study revealed an alarmingly high prevalence of dysmenorrhea among university students. High levels of stress and early menarche were the potent determinants of moderate/severe dysmenorrhea that disturbs quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azmat Ullah
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Khadijah Fayyaz
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Uswa Javed
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Usman
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Rameesha Malik
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Nafeesa Arif
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Amna Kaleem
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
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Durand H, Monahan K, McGuire BE. Prevalence and Impact of Dysmenorrhea Among University Students in Ireland. PAIN MEDICINE (MALDEN, MASS.) 2021; 22:2835-2845. [PMID: 33822197 PMCID: PMC8666000 DOI: 10.1093/pm/pnab122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Primary dysmenorrhea (PD), or painful menstruation, is a common gynecological condition that can cause intense pain and functional disability in women of reproductive age. As a nonmalignant condition, PD is relatively understudied and poorly managed. The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence and impact of PD among third-level students in Ireland. DESIGN A cross-sectional observational design was used. METHODS Students (n = 892; age range = 18-45 years) completed an online survey on menstrual pain characteristics, pain management strategies, pain interference, and pain catastrophizing. RESULTS The prevalence of PD was 91.5% (95% confidence interval = 89.67-93.33). Nonpharmacological management strategies were most popular (95.1%); of these, heat application (79%), rest (60.4%), hot shower/bath (40.9%), and exercise (25.7%) were most common. Perceived effectiveness of these methods varied between participants. Analgesic use was also common (79.5%); of these, paracetamol was most used (60.5%) despite limited perceived effectiveness. Pain catastrophizing was a significant predictor of variance in both pain intensity and pain interference scores such that those with higher pain catastrophizing scores reported more intense pain and greater interference with daily activities and academic demands. CONCLUSIONS This article presents the first investigation into PD among third-level students in Ireland. Poorly managed menstrual pain may impact functional ability across several domains. Future research should focus on improving menstrual pain management education and support and promoting menstrual health literacy for women affected by PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Durand
- Centre for Pain Research, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
- School of Psychology, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Katie Monahan
- School of Psychology, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Brian E McGuire
- Centre for Pain Research, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
- School of Psychology, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
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Brito Dos Santos L, Ferreira CWS, Gonçalves CG, de Oliveira Xavier MA, Dantas JH, Barbosa IR, da Câmara SMA, Dantas D. Association among dysmenorrhea and activity limitation and participation restrictions in adult women: a cross-sectional study, Brazil -2017. Arch Public Health 2021; 79:194. [PMID: 34753491 PMCID: PMC8579669 DOI: 10.1186/s13690-021-00721-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study aims to analyse if dysmenorrhea is associated with activity limitations and participation restrictions in experencied by adult women. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study carried out with adult women recruited from primary health services in Brazil between 2016 and 2017. Dysmenorrhea was measured via a self-report and the activity limitation and participation restrictions was assessed by the World Health Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS2.0). Pain and level of physical activity were assessed, respectively, by the numerical pain rating scale and International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), short version. Associations between groups, dysmenorrhea and without dysmenorrhea (WD), were analysed by the median difference, Mann Whitney test, effect size measures and 95 % confidence interval. Statistical significance was p <0.05. RESULTS The prevalence of dysmenorrhea was 54 %. The pain lasted an average of three days or more (66 %). The average pain intensity, in the crisis period, was 6.1 ± 2.6, women who presented severe pain complaints were associated with considerable difficulties in their domains of mobility (p = 0.003; 2 = 0.115), participation (p = 0.030; 2 = 0.063) and total score (p = 0.012; 2 = 0.086), with a moderate effect size for all variables. CONCLUSIONS Severe dysmenorrhea was associated with higher scores of disabilities assessed by the WHODAS 2.0, especially in mobility, and participation domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana Brito Dos Santos
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Reabilitação, Rio Grande do Norte, Santa Cruz, Brazil
| | | | - Caroline Gomes Gonçalves
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Reabilitação, Rio Grande do Norte, Santa Cruz, Brazil
| | | | - Jardelina Hermecina Dantas
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Reabilitação, Rio Grande do Norte, Santa Cruz, Brazil
| | - Isabelle Ribeiro Barbosa
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Reabilitação, Rio Grande do Norte, Santa Cruz, Brazil
| | - Saionara Maria Aires da Câmara
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Reabilitação, Rio Grande do Norte, Santa Cruz, Brazil
| | - Diego Dantas
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Reabilitação, Rio Grande do Norte, Santa Cruz, Brazil.
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Programa de Pós-graduação em Fisioterapia, Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.
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Karout S, Soubra L, Rahme D, Karout L, Khojah HMJ, Itani R. Prevalence, risk factors, and management practices of primary dysmenorrhea among young females. BMC Womens Health 2021; 21:392. [PMID: 34749716 PMCID: PMC8576974 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-021-01532-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary dysmenorrhea (PD) is one of the most common gynecological conditions among young females, which has a significant negative impact on health-related quality of life and productivity. Despite its high prevalence, the evidence is limited regarding the management-seeking practices and its perceived effectiveness among females with PD. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study conducted among 550 female students in six universities across Lebanon. The prevalence of PD, associated risk factors, and management-seeking practices were assessed using a self-administered questionnaire. RESULTS The prevalence of PD was 80.9%. Most of the females with PD described their menstrual pain as moderate (56%) to severe (34.6%), which significantly affected their daily activities and studying ability (P < 0.001). The major risk factors associated with PD included heavy menstrual flow (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 10.28), family history of PD (AOR = 2.52), history of weight loss attempt (AOR = 2.05), and medical specialization (AOR = 1.663). Only 36.9% of females with PD sought formal medical advice. Most dysmenorrheic females (76.4%) received medications for the management of PD, and remarkably none of them took hormonal contraceptives. Drugs commonly used for PD were mefenamic acid (26.2%), ibuprofen (25%), and paracetamol (11.5%), which were administered when the pain started (58.2%). All medications were significantly effective in reducing the pain score (P = 0.001), and most NSAIDs were more potent than paracetamol in managing PD (P = 0.001). However, no significant difference in adverse effects among medications was revealed. Moreover, no superiority of any individual NSAID for pain relief was established. Nevertheless, mefenamic acid was associated with the lowest risk of abdominal pain (OR: 0.03, P = 0.005) and the highest risk of flank pain (OR = 12, P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS Suboptimal management of PD is practiced among university students in Lebanon. Therefore, health care providers should educate dysmenorrheic females to optimize the self-management support of PD. Furthermore, future research is required to investigate females' misconceptions about hormonal contraceptives in the management of PD, aiming to raise awareness and correct misconceptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar Karout
- Pharmacy Practice Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beirut Arab University, Riad El Solh, P.O. Box 11-5020, Beirut, 1107 2809, Lebanon
| | - Lama Soubra
- Pharmacology and Therapeutics Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beirut Arab University, Riad El Solh, P.O. Box 11-5020, Beirut, 1107 2809, Lebanon
| | - Deema Rahme
- Pharmacy Practice Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beirut Arab University, Riad El Solh, P.O. Box 11-5020, Beirut, 1107 2809, Lebanon
| | - Lina Karout
- Department of Radiology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Riad El-Solh, P.O. Box 11-0236, Beirut, 1107 2020, Lebanon
| | - Hani M J Khojah
- Department of Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Madinah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Rania Itani
- Pharmacy Practice Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beirut Arab University, Riad El Solh, P.O. Box 11-5020, Beirut, 1107 2809, Lebanon.
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Koçoğlu F, Zincir H. The Effect of Reiki on Pain, Fatigue, and Quality of Life in Adolescents With Dysmenorrhea. Holist Nurs Pract 2021; 35:306-314. [PMID: 34647912 DOI: 10.1097/hnp.0000000000000477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled study was conducted to evaluate the effect of Reiki applications on pain, fatigue, and quality of life in adolescents with dysmenorrhea. There were 38 patients in the Reiki group and 37 in the placebo-controlled group. Reiki was found to be effective on pain and fatigue in adolescents with dysmenorrhea but with no effect on the quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferdane Koçoğlu
- Nursing Department, Department of Public Health Nursing, Niğde Zübeyde Hanım School of Health, Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, Niğde, Turkey (Dr Koçoğlu); and Nursing Department, Public Health Nursing, Erciyes University Health Sciences Faculty, Kayseri, Turkey (Dr Zincir)
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Fernández-Martínez E, Pérez-Corrales J, Palacios-Ceña D, Abreu-Sánchez A, Iglesias-López MT, Carrasco-Garrido P, Velarde-García JF. Pain management and coping strategies for primary dysmenorrhea: A qualitative study among female nursing students. Nurs Open 2021; 9:637-645. [PMID: 34719126 PMCID: PMC8685831 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.1111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Primary dysmenorrhea is a problem that affects both young and adult women, with a significant impact on their daily lives. This pain is primarily managed through the consumption of non-steroidal anti-inflammatories and non-pharmacological approaches such as exercise, acupressure and heat. The present study aimed to describe how Spanish university students manage dysmenorrhea. DESIGN Qualitative case study. METHODS Nursing students (N = 33) from the region of Andalusia (Spain) participated in focus groups. A purposive sampling method was used, and the data were collected through videoconferencing and subsequently analysed thematically. The guidelines for conducting qualitative studies established by the consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ) and the standards for reporting qualitative research (SRQR) were followed. RESULTS Four principal themes were identified: (a) Strategies for pain management; (b) using painkillers; (c) choosing the ideal treatment; (d) non-pharmacological interventions. CONCLUSIONS The nursing students experienced difficulties in managing primary dysmenorrhea, they self-medicated, expressed reluctance to seek professional medical advice, used non-pharmacological strategies and seeked advice from other women within their family/social circle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elia Fernández-Martínez
- Department of Nursing, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain.,Department of Nursing, University of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Jorge Pérez-Corrales
- Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Research Group of Humanities and Qualitative Research in Health Science of Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (Hum&QRinHS), Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Domingo Palacios-Ceña
- Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Research Group of Humanities and Qualitative Research in Health Science of Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (Hum&QRinHS), Alcorcón, Spain
| | | | | | - Pilar Carrasco-Garrido
- Department of Medical Specialties and Public Health, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Spain
| | - Juan Francisco Velarde-García
- Department of Nursing, Red Cross College, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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López-Liria R, Torres-Álamo L, Vega-Ramírez FA, García-Luengo AV, Aguilar-Parra JM, Trigueros-Ramos R, Rocamora-Pérez P. Efficacy of Physiotherapy Treatment in Primary Dysmenorrhea: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18157832. [PMID: 34360122 PMCID: PMC8345570 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18157832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Primary dysmenorrhea (PD) refers to painful cramps before and/or during menstruation. There is a need for emphasis on alternative methods of conservative treatment, so as to reduce the dependence on drugs for alleviating the symptoms. The aim was to find out the effectiveness of some physiotherapy techniques in the treatment of PD. A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted according to PRISMA standards. The descriptors were “dysmenorrhea”, “physical the-rapy”, “physiotherapy”, and “manual therapy”. The search was performed in five databases: Scopus, PubMed, PEDro, Web of Science, and Medline, in February 2021. The inclusion criteria were randomized controlled trials over the last six years. Articles not related to the treatment of PD or using pharmacology as the main treatment were excluded. Nine articles met the objectives and criteria, with a total of 692 participants. The most used scale to measure pain was the VAS (visual analogue scale). The main techniques were isometric exercises, massage therapy, yoga, electrotherapy, connective tissue manipulation, stretching, kinesio tape, progressive relaxation exercises and aerobic dance. Meta-analysis shows benefits of physiotherapy treatment for pain relief compared with no intervention or placebo (MD: −1.13, 95% CI: −1.61 to −0.64, I2: 88%). The current low-quality evidence suggests that physiotherapy may provide a clinically significant reduction in menstrual pain intensity. Given the overall health benefits of physiotherapy and the low risk of side effects reported, women may consider using it, either alone or in conjunction with other therapeutic modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remedios López-Liria
- Hum-498 Research Team, Health Research Centre, Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
- Correspondence: (R.L.-L.); (A.V.G.-L.); (P.R.-P.)
| | - Lucía Torres-Álamo
- Hum-498 Research Team, Health Research Centre, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (L.T.-Á.); (F.A.V.-R.)
| | - Francisco A. Vega-Ramírez
- Hum-498 Research Team, Health Research Centre, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (L.T.-Á.); (F.A.V.-R.)
- Distrito Sanitario Poniente, Jesús de Perceval, 22. El Ejido, 04700 Almería, Spain
| | - Amelia V. García-Luengo
- FQM228-Research Team, Random Models and Design of Experiments, Department of Mathematics, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
- Correspondence: (R.L.-L.); (A.V.G.-L.); (P.R.-P.)
| | - José M. Aguilar-Parra
- Hum-878 Research Team, Health Research Centre, Department of Psychology, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (J.M.A.-P.); (R.T.-R.)
| | - Rubén Trigueros-Ramos
- Hum-878 Research Team, Health Research Centre, Department of Psychology, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (J.M.A.-P.); (R.T.-R.)
| | - Patricia Rocamora-Pérez
- Hum-498 Research Team, Health Research Centre, Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
- Correspondence: (R.L.-L.); (A.V.G.-L.); (P.R.-P.)
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Silva GD, Canova NAH, Bortoletto P, Wutzke MLS, Dos Santos Soares F, Bertolini GRF. Cryotherapy Produces Pain Relief in Young People with Primary Dysmenorrhea. Ther Hypothermia Temp Manag 2021; 12:57-60. [PMID: 34129396 DOI: 10.1089/ther.2021.0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary dysmenorrhea is characterized as painful menstruation without associated pelvic disease and has been considered common among young people of reproductive age. Cryotherapy is a technique aimed at analgesia and anti-inflammatory action. The objective of this study was to analyze the analgesic efficacy of cryotherapy in sedentary youth with primary dysmenorrhea. Methods were included sedentary, affected by primary dysmenorrhea. The analysis of pain intensity by visual analog scale (VAS) and the Brazilian Version of the Wisconsin Brief Pain Questionnaire were used for evaluation. The participants were randomly separated into a control group (CG, n = 10) and a cryotherapy group (CryoG, n = 10). The evaluations and treatment occurred during a menstrual cycle, with three interventions, in the initial 3 days of higher menstrual flow history report. CG showed a reduction in pain when comparing the 1st with the 4th day of assessment; CryoG showed a daily reduction in VAS; for the pain questionnaire, cryotherapy showed a reduction in interference with sleep dysmenorrhea; and for all other variables, although there was no significant difference, a large effect size was observed. Cryotherapy was effective in reducing pain in women with primary dysmenorrhea, with indication of clinical improvement in daily living activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graziele Diniz Silva
- Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná (UNIOESTE), Cascavel, Brazil
| | | | - Polyana Bortoletto
- Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná (UNIOESTE), Cascavel, Brazil
| | | | - Francyelle Dos Santos Soares
- Bioscience and Health Posgraduate Program, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná (UNIOESTE), Cascavel, Brazil
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Park S, Yoon TW, Kang DR, Chung C. [Prevalence of Menstrual Disorders according to Body Mass Index and Lifestyle Factors: The National Health Insurance Service-National Health Screening Cohort in Korea, 2009~2016]. J Korean Acad Nurs 2021; 50:401-410. [PMID: 32632073 DOI: 10.4040/jkan.20054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was performed to identify the prevalence of menstrual disorders in Korean women based on body mass index (BMI) and lifestyle factors, by utilizing the Korean National Health Insurance Database. METHODS A retrospective observational study design was used for the secondary data analysis. Data of women aged 15 to 49 years who were diagnosed with menstrual disorders were extracted from The National Health Insurance Service-National Health Screening Cohort in Korea from 2009 to 2016. The age-standardized prevalence rate of menstrual disorders was calculated using SAS version 9.4, and a Chi-square test and Cochran-Armitage test were performed. RESULTS In total, 2,219,445 cases were extracted from the database. The prevalence of menstrual disorders significantly increased from 8.6% to 11.6% (Z=135.16, p for trend <.001) over the past eight years. In particular, it was higher in underweight women than in women with normal weight across all years (Z=-4.18~-14.72, p<.001). Moreover, statistically significant differences in the prevalence of menstrual disorders were found to be associated with drinking and smoking in all years and with physical activity levels in part (p<.05~.001). CONCLUSION These findings present compelling evidence on the prevalence of menstrual disorders based on a national database. Since the prevalence of menstrual disorders has steadily increased and differs based on BMI and lifestyle factors, educational and clinical interventions are necessary to promote risk awareness and appropriate behavioral changes among Korean women.
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Affiliation(s)
- SoMi Park
- Department of Nursing, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju, Korea
| | - Tae Woong Yoon
- Department of Biostatistics, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju, Korea
| | - Dae Ryong Kang
- Department of Precision Medicine, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju, Korea
| | - ChaeWeon Chung
- College of Nursing · Research Institute of Nursing Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
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Tadese M, Kassa A, Muluneh AA, Altaye G. Prevalence of dysmenorrhoea, associated risk factors and its relationship with academic performance among graduating female university students in Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e043814. [PMID: 33741669 PMCID: PMC7986900 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-043814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The study aimed to provide an association between dysmenorrhoea and academic performance among university students in Ethiopia. Further, the study attempts to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of dysmenorrhoea. DESIGN AND METHOD Institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 1 April to 28 April 2019. A semistructured and pretested self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. Binary logistic regression analysis and one-way analysis of variance were performed to model dysmenorrhoea and academic performance, respectively. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Ethiopia (2019: n=647 female university students). OUTCOMES The primary outcome is dysmenorrhoea, which has been defined as painful menses that prevents normal activity and requires medication. The self-reported cumulative grade point average of students was used as a proxy measure of academic performance, which is the secondary outcome. RESULTS The prevalence of dysmenorrhoea was 317 (51.5%). The educational status of father (adjusted OR (AOR) (95% CI) 2.64 (1.04 to 6.66)), chocolate consumption (AOR (95% CI) 3.39 (95% 1.28 to 8.93)), daily breakfast intake (<5 days/week) (AOR (95% CI) 0.63 (0.42 to 0.95)), irregular menstrual cycle AOR (95% CI) 2.34 (1.55 to 3.54)) and positive family history of dysmenorrhoea AOR (95% CI) 3.29 (2.25 to 4.81)) had statistically significant association with dysmenorrhoea. There was no statistically significant difference in academic performance among students with and without dysmenorrhoea (F (3611)=1.276, p=0.28)). CONCLUSIONS Dysmenorrhoea was a common health problem among graduating University students. However, it has no statistically significant impact on academic performance. Reproductive health officers should educate and undermine the negative academic consequences of dysmenorrhoea to reduce the physical and psychological stress that happens to females and their families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mesfin Tadese
- Midwifery, Debre Berhan University College of Health science, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia
| | - Andargachew Kassa
- Midwifery, Hawassa University College of Medicine and Health Science, Hawassa, Ethiopia
| | - Abebaw Abeje Muluneh
- Midwifery, Hawassa University College of Medicine and Health Science, Hawassa, Ethiopia
| | - Girma Altaye
- Biology, Hawassa University College of Natural and Computational Science, Hawassa, Ethiopia
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Tsonis O, Gkrozou F, Barmpalia Z, Makopoulou A, Siafaka V. Integrating Lifestyle Focused Approaches into the Management of Primary Dysmenorrhea: Impact on Quality of Life. Int J Womens Health 2021; 13:327-336. [PMID: 33762855 PMCID: PMC7982556 DOI: 10.2147/ijwh.s264023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This narrative review aims to identify alternative ways to improve the symptoms of primary dysmenorrhea (PD). BACKGROUND PD refers to endometrial painful cramps during the premenstrual period. This condition affects a lot of women worldwide and is accompanied with absenteeism and high economic costs, thus, risk-free, and effective therapeutic approaches are needed. Pharmacological agents such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and oral contraceptive pills (OCPs), which are widely prescribed for these women, demonstrate adequate efficacy in alleviating pain and discomfort. The long natural course of the disease dictates remedies that focus on lifestyle changes and on improvement of Quality-of-Life (QoL) for women suffering with PD. MATERIALS AND METHODS Five major search engines, namely MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library were searched for articles published prior to October 2020 focused in PD. A total of 74 paper were included. DISCUSSION Physical activity, for instance yoga, aromatherapy massage, and other forms of relaxation, vitamins and dietary changes, acupressure and acupuncture,a and some psychological interventions are just few of the proposed health behavior targeted approaches in cases of PD. This review focuses on lifestyle changes and alternative methods that could potentially result in minimizing symptoms of PD and in improving overall QoL for these patients, by providing current scientific evidence on their efficacy. CONCLUSION Complementary and alternative medicine practices (CAM) are widely accepted by women. International literature provides controversial scientific evidence, thus further studies need to be conducted in order to prove or disregard their efficacy in cases of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orestis Tsonis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Fani Gkrozou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospitals of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Zoi Barmpalia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Annamaria Makopoulou
- School of Psychology, College of Human Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, Wales, UK
| | - Vassiliki Siafaka
- Department of Speech and Language Therapy, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
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Alahakoon AMSS, Wickramarathne DBM. Prevalence of dysmenorrhea, its association with overall academic engagement, and management among nursing undergraduates at Peradeniya University, Sri Lanka: A cross-sectional study. JOURNAL OF ENDOMETRIOSIS AND PELVIC PAIN DISORDERS 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/2284026521993680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: Dysmenorrhea or painful menstrual periods is one of the common health issues the female university students experience which intervenes with academic activities and quality of life. Objectives: We aimed to find the prevalence, intensity, extent of impairment in academic engagement, and efficacy of the management of dysmenorrhea among nursing students at Peradeniya University, Sri Lanka. Methodology: This cross sectional study comprised 86 female nursing students who represented all four academic years. A self-administered questionnaire was used. The intensity and level of dysmenorrhea were assessed. Association of the extent of working impairment with the level of pain determined by Pearson correlation. Duration of dysmenorrhea persisted before and after management was compared using paired sample t-test. The effectiveness of management was analyzed using Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results: The prevalence of dysmenorrhea was 97.7%. The majority (54.7%) suffered moderate pain. Mean age of the participants was 24.02 (±1.503). During the period of dysmenorrhea, 32.6%, 33.7%, and 17.4% students experienced slight, moderate, and heavy impairment of overall academic engagement. A positive correlation was observed between level of pain and extent of academic impairment ( p < 0.05). The majority practiced pharmacological and non-pharmacological pain relieving methods together. Wilcoxon signed-rank test value revealed more negative ranks and statistically significant reduction in intensity in post-management period ( z = −7.793, p = 0). Post-management dysmenorrhea duration was significantly reduced than pre-management ( t76 = 8.984, p = 0). Conclusion: A substantial percent of undergraduates suffer from dysmenorrhea. It is associated impairment of overall academic engagement. The nursing students were able to manage dysmenorrhea successfully.
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Living with Restrictions. The Perspective of Nursing Students with Primary Dysmenorrhea. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17228527. [PMID: 33212985 PMCID: PMC7698483 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17228527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Primary dysmenorrhea (PD) affects a large number of female university students, diminishing their quality of life and hindering academic performance, representing a significant cause of absenteeism. The purpose of our study was to determine how nursing students experienced restrictions as a result of primary dysmenorrhea. A qualitative exploratory study was conducted among 33 nursing students with primary dysmenorrhea. A purposeful sampling strategy was applied. Data were collected from five focus groups (two sessions each) and the field notes of 10 researchers. A video meeting platform was used to conduct the focus groups. A thematic inductive analysis was performed. Thirty-three female nursing students participated in the study with a mean age of 22.72 (SD 3.46) years. Three broad themes emerged: (a) restrictions on daily activities and sports; (b) academic restrictions, and (c) restrictions on social and sexual relationships. The students described restrictions in performing everyday activities, such as carrying weight, and shopping. Some students even gave up the practice of sports and were absent from classes at the university, and from clinical practices at the hospital. The pain affected their ability to maintain and create new social relationships. Primary dysmenorrhea caused restrictions in the personal, social and academic life of the nursing students.
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Ramos-Pichardo JD, Ortega-Galán ÁM, Iglesias-López MT, Abreu-Sánchez A, Fernández-Martínez E. Why Do Some Spanish Nursing Students with Menstrual Pain Fail to Consult Healthcare Professionals? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17218173. [PMID: 33167417 PMCID: PMC7663954 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17218173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Dysmenorrhea is a problem that affects a large percentage of young women worldwide. Alarmingly, the majority of these women choose to self-medicate rather than consult a healthcare professional, despite the risks involved. The present study aimed to explore the reasons why undergraduate nursing students do not consult health care professionals regarding their menstrual pain. A qualitative study was conducted using an open question: "Why didn't you consult a healthcare professional?" within the context of a research project on primary dysmenorrhea among nursing students at the University of Huelva, Spain. The responses of 202 women were analyzed using content analysis. Three categories were identified: assessment of the pain experienced, expectations, and experiences of professional care and selfcare. We found a striking normalization of the problem; notably, students downplayed the importance of the problem, considering that it was not worth consulting a physician. Furthermore, there was a notable degree of self-medication using non-steroidal anti-inflammatories (NSAIDs). These results may be useful for orienting policies to raise social awareness of this problem and for designing health education strategies aimed at women with primary dysmenorrhea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Diego Ramos-Pichardo
- Department of Nursing, University of Huelva, 21071 Huelva, Spain; (J.D.R.-P.); (Á.M.O.-G.); (A.A.-S.)
| | - Ángela María Ortega-Galán
- Department of Nursing, University of Huelva, 21071 Huelva, Spain; (J.D.R.-P.); (Á.M.O.-G.); (A.A.-S.)
| | - María Teresa Iglesias-López
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Crta. Pozuelo-Majadahonda km 1800, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Ana Abreu-Sánchez
- Department of Nursing, University of Huelva, 21071 Huelva, Spain; (J.D.R.-P.); (Á.M.O.-G.); (A.A.-S.)
| | - Elia Fernández-Martínez
- Department of Nursing, University of Huelva, 21071 Huelva, Spain; (J.D.R.-P.); (Á.M.O.-G.); (A.A.-S.)
- Correspondence:
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Al Ajeel LY, Chong MC, Tang LY, Wong LP, Al Raimi AM. The Effect of Health Education on Knowledge and Self-Care Among Arabic Schoolgirls With Primary Dysmenorrhea in Malaysia. J Nurse Pract 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nurpra.2020.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Fernández-Martínez E, Fernández-Villa T, Amezcua-Prieto C, Suárez-Varela MM, Mateos-Campos R, Ayán-Pérez C, Molina de la Torre AJ, Ortíz-Moncada R, Almaraz A, Blázquez Abellán G, Delgado-Rodríguez M, Alonso-Molero J, Martínez-Ruíz V, Llopis-Morales A, Valero Juan LF, Cancela Carral JM, Martín-Peláez S, Alguacil J. Menstrual Problems and Lifestyle among Spanish University Women. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17207425. [PMID: 33053847 PMCID: PMC7599672 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17207425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Menstrual problems affect many young women worldwide, conditioning both their academic performance and quality of life. This study sought to analyse the prevalence of menstrual problems and their possible relationship with lifestyle among Spanish university women, as part of a research project (UniHcos Project) involving a cohort of 11 Spanish universities with 7208 university students. A descriptive analysis was performed using the bivariate chi-square test and the Student’s t-test together with a binary logistic regression, in which the dependent variable was ‘suffering from menstrual problems’. Menstrual problems were identified in 23.8% of the students, representing women who paid more visits to the doctor and to emergency rooms, and who consumed more painkillers and contraceptives. In relation to dietary preferences, menstrual problems were 1.39 (CI 95% 1.22–1.61; p = 0.000) times more likely among women classified as high-risk alcohol users according to the AUDIT questionnaire, and 1.187 (CI 95% 1.029–1.370; p = 0.019) times greater among those who consumed sweets daily, 1.592 (CI 95% 1.113–2.276; p = 0.011) times more frequent among those who eat fish daily, and 1.199 (CI 95% 1.004–1.432; p = 0.045) times greater among those who were dieting. Menstrual problems affect many college students and potentially modifiable lifestyle variables exist which may influence their prevalence. It would be interesting to develop programmes to promote women’s health in the university context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elia Fernández-Martínez
- Department of Nursing, University of Huelva, 21071 Huelva, Spain
- Correspondence: (E.F.-M.); (T.F.-V.)
| | - Tania Fernández-Villa
- Research Group on Gene-Environment Interactions and Health (GIIGAS)/Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, 24071 León, Spain;
- Correspondence: (E.F.-M.); (T.F.-V.)
| | - Carmen Amezcua-Prieto
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (C.A.-P.); (V.M.-R.); (S.M.-P.)
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Biosanitary Research Institute ibs., 18014 Granada, Spain
| | - María Morales Suárez-Varela
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Area of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Sciences, Toxicology and Legal Medicine, School of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, 46100 Valencia, Spain; (M.M.S.-V.); (A.L.-M.)
| | - Ramona Mateos-Campos
- Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (R.M.-C.); (L.F.V.J.)
| | | | - Antonio José Molina de la Torre
- Research Group on Gene-Environment Interactions and Health (GIIGAS)/Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, 24071 León, Spain;
| | - Rocío Ortíz-Moncada
- Area of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food and Nutrition Research Group, University of Alicante, 03550 Alicante, Spain;
| | - Ana Almaraz
- Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain;
| | - Gemma Blázquez Abellán
- Departament of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain;
| | - Miguel Delgado-Rodríguez
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Jaen, 23071 Jaén, Spain;
- CIBERESP, Institute of Health Carlos III, Ministry of Health, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jéssica Alonso-Molero
- CIBERESP, Institute of Health Carlos III, Ministry of Health, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- University of Cantabria–IDIVAL, 39011 Santander, Spain;
| | - Virginia Martínez-Ruíz
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (C.A.-P.); (V.M.-R.); (S.M.-P.)
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Biosanitary Research Institute ibs., 18014 Granada, Spain
| | - Agustín Llopis-Morales
- Area of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Sciences, Toxicology and Legal Medicine, School of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, 46100 Valencia, Spain; (M.M.S.-V.); (A.L.-M.)
| | - Luis Félix Valero Juan
- Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain; (R.M.-C.); (L.F.V.J.)
| | - José Mª Cancela Carral
- Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), Sergas-UVIGO, HealthyFit Research Group, Faculty of Education and Sport Sciences, University of Vigo, 36310 Pontevedra, Spain;
| | - Sandra Martín-Peláez
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; (C.A.-P.); (V.M.-R.); (S.M.-P.)
- Biosanitary Research Institute ibs., 18014 Granada, Spain
| | - Juan Alguacil
- CIBERESP, Institute of Health Carlos III, Ministry of Health, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Natural Resources, Health and Environment Research Center (RENSMA), University of Huelva, 21071 Huelva, Spain;
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