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da Silva JI, de Souza Andrade AC, Muraro AP. Global Physical Activity, Active Commuting to School, and Sedentary Behavior Among Latin American Adolescents: Global School-Based Student Health Survey and the National School Health Survey. J Phys Act Health 2024; 21:879-889. [PMID: 39069289 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2022-0645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to compare the overall prevalence, stratified by sex and age group of global physical activity (GPA), active commuting to school (ACS), and sedentary behavior (SB) among adolescents from ten Latin American countries, and to assess the correlation of Development Index with the indicators. METHODS This research is grounded on data from the Global School-Based Student Health Survey (2009-2015) and the 2015 Brazilian National School Health Survey. The prevalence and 95% confidence intervals for GPA (≥5 d/wk), ACS (≥1 d/wk), and SB (>2 h/d) were calculated using the chi-square test to compare the sexes (male; female) and age group (≤13 y; 14 y; 15 y; ≥16 y). We also performed Pearson correlation analysis with the Human Development Index. RESULTS The prevalence of indicators ranged from 16.1% to 28.2% for GPA, from 56.7% to 71.2% for ACS, and from 20.7% to 62.6% for SB. Boys generally had a higher prevalence of GPA and ACS, and girls had a higher prevalence of SB. The prevalence of the indicators by age group varied between countries, with significant differences observed in some, depending on each indicator. A positive correlation was observed between Human Development Index, GPA, and SB. CONCLUSION Health promotion policies must include guidelines that encourage and promote a more active and less sedentary lifestyle among young people in Latin America, considering specific groups, the local socioeconomic context, and differences between countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Ilídio da Silva
- Graduate Program in Collective Health, Institute of Collective Health, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, MT, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Paula Muraro
- Institute of Collective Health, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, MT, Brazil
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Araujo RHO, Werneck AO, Martins CL, Barboza LL, Tassitano RM, Aguilar-Farias N, Jesus GM, Ramírez-Vélez R, Tesler R, Oyeyemi AL, Silva ECM, Weaver RG, Tremblay MS, Brazo-Sayavera J, Mielke GI, Silva DRP. Global prevalence and gender inequalities in at least 60 min of self-reported moderate-to-vigorous physical activity 1 or more days per week: An analysis with 707,616 adolescents. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2024; 13:709-716. [PMID: 37923057 PMCID: PMC11282350 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2023.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Guidelines recommend that adolescents should accumulate an average of 60 min per day of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). However, using only this cut-off could hide important information. For instance, from a population-level point of view, increasing physical activity for those with no or low physical activity could provide more health benefits than increasing physical activity for those with intermediate levels. Also, including a more sensitive cut-point of ≥1 days per week could be an additional strategy for identifying those with low access/opportunities for physical activity practice. Thus, the current study aims to estimate the prevalence of ≥60 min of MVPA ≥1 days per week among adolescents globally, and to describe any relevant gender inequalities. METHODS We used representative datasets from 146 countries/territories collected between 2003 and 2019. MVPA was self-reported. Participants were grouped into younger (≤14 years old) and older (>14 years old) adolescents. Crude Poisson regression models were used to identify the relative differences in ≥60 min of MVPA ≥1 days per week between boys and girls, and random-effects meta-analysis models were used to identify the pooled estimates. Analyses were stratified by country and region. RESULTS Approximately 80% of both younger and older adolescents reported ≥60 min of MVPA ≥1 days per week. This prevalence was ≥94% in Europe and Central Asia and North America, while the estimates for the other regions were <77%. The prevalence of ≥60 min of MVPA ≥1 days per week was higher among boys than girls, with the largest differences occurring among the oldest adolescents (Prevalence ratio≤14y = 1.04 (95% confidence interval (95%CI)): 1.03‒1.04) vs. Prevalence ratio>14y = 1.09 (95%CI: 1.08‒1.10)). CONCLUSION Approximately 8 out of 10 adolescents reported accumulating ≥60 min of MVPA ≥1 days per week, with notable differences between regions. Gender differences were observed in several countries, especially among the oldest adolescents. Priorities for physical activity promotion among adolescents should include increasing access/opportunities for physical activity among those who do not achieve ≥60 min of MVPA ≥1 days per week and reducing gender inequalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael H O Araujo
- Graduation Program in Health Sciences, Londrina State University (UEL), Londrina 86057-970, Brazil.
| | - André O Werneck
- Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo 01246-904, Brazil
| | - Clarice L Martins
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Paraíba, Paraíba 58051-900, Brazil; Research Centre of Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, Faculty of Sports, Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), University of Porto, Porto 4500, Portugal
| | - Luciana L Barboza
- Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, University of Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Rafael M Tassitano
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61801-3841, USA
| | - Nicolas Aguilar-Farias
- Department of Physical Education, Sports and Recreation, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4680000, Chile
| | - Gilmar M Jesus
- Department of Health, State University of Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana 44036-900, Brazil
| | - Robinson Ramírez-Vélez
- Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Pamplona 31006, Spain; Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación, Unidad Central del Valle del Cauca (UCEVA), Tuluá, Valle del Cauca 763022, Colombia
| | - Riki Tesler
- Health Management Department, Faculty of Heath sciences, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel
| | - Adewale L Oyeyemi
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
| | - Ellen C M Silva
- Graduation Program in Health Sciences, Londrina State University (UEL), Londrina 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Robert G Weaver
- Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Mark S Tremblay
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada; Department of Health Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Javier Brazo-Sayavera
- Department of Sports and Computer Science, Universidad Pablo de Olavide (UPO), Seville 41013, Spain; Centro Universitario Regional Noreste, Universidad de la República, Rivera 40000, Uruguay
| | - Grégore I Mielke
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Danilo R P Silva
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristóvão 490100-000, Brazil; Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Providencia 7500912, Chile
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Jamil NA, Dhanaseelan J, Buhari NA. Effectiveness of an e-Book on Bone Health as Educational Material for Adolescents: Single-Group Experimental Study. JMIR Pediatr Parent 2024; 7:e56611. [PMID: 39186008 PMCID: PMC11368018 DOI: 10.2196/56611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Improved bone health during adolescence can have lifelong implications, reducing the risk of bone fragility. Objective This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of an e-book in increasing knowledge about and promoting healthy practices related to bone health among Malay adolescents in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Methods A total of 72 adolescents (female: n=51, 71%; age: mean 15, SD 0.74 y) were recruited from selected secondary schools. The participants answered a pretest web-based questionnaire on sociodemographic data, knowledge about osteoporosis, and physical activity. A video call was conducted to assess dietary calcium intake. Participants were provided with a link to an e-book on bone health and instructed to read it within 2 weeks. Postintervention assessments included those for knowledge, physical activity, dietary calcium intake, and acceptance of the e-book. Results There was a significant increase in the median knowledge score, which was 40.6% (IQR 31.3%-46.9%) during the pretest and 71.9% (IQR 53.9%-81.3%) during the posttest (P<.001). However, no changes were observed in dietary calcium intake or physical activity levels. Most participants did not meet the recommended calcium requirements (61/62, 98%) and exhibited sedentary behavior (pretest: 51/62, 82%; posttest: 48/62, 77%). The e-book, however, was well accepted, with the majority reporting that they understood the contents (70/72, 97%), liked the graphics (71/72, 99%), and approved of the layout (60/72, 83%) and font size (66/72, 92%) used. Conclusions The developed e-book effectively increases knowledge levels related to bone health and is well accepted among participants. However, this educational material did not improve bone health practices. Additional strategies are necessary to bridge the gap between knowledge and behavior change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nor Aini Jamil
- Centre for Community Health Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abd Aziz, Kuala Lumpur, 50300, Malaysia, 60 392897081
| | - Jashwiny Dhanaseelan
- Centre for Community Health Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abd Aziz, Kuala Lumpur, 50300, Malaysia, 60 392897081
| | - Nurin Athirah Buhari
- Centre for Community Health Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abd Aziz, Kuala Lumpur, 50300, Malaysia, 60 392897081
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Shahbazi N, Heirani A, Amiri E, da Silva Machado DG. Effects of repeated unihemispheric concurrent dual-site tDCS and virtual reality games on motor coordination of sedentary adolescent girls. BEHAVIORAL AND BRAIN FUNCTIONS : BBF 2024; 20:20. [PMID: 39174998 PMCID: PMC11342668 DOI: 10.1186/s12993-024-00247-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigated the effects of repetitive unihemispheric concurrent dual-site anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (a-tDCSUHCDS) associated with the use of virtual reality games (VR) on the motor coordination of sedentary adolescent girls. METHODS Thirty-six inactive adolescent girls were randomly assigned into 3 groups (n = 12 per group): (1) VR + a-tDCSUHCDS, (2) VR + sham-tDCSUHCDS, and (3) Control. The VR + a-tDCSUHCDS and VR + s-tDCSUHCDS groups received the intervention three times a week for four weeks. In each experimental session, participants first received either 20 min of a-tDCSUHCDS (2 mA at each anodal electrode) targeting the primary motor cortex (M1) and the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) or sham and then performed VR for 1 h. The control group received no intervention. Eye-hand coordination (EHC) and bimanual coordination (BC) were measured at baseline, post-intervention, and two weeks later (retention test) using the automatic scoring mirror tracer and continuous two-arm coordination test, respectively. RESULTS Results showed that the EHC was significantly higher in the VR + a-tDCS and VR + s-tDCS groups at post-intervention (all ps< 0.001) and the retention test (all ps< 0.001) compared to the control group. Moreover, the EHC was significantly higher in the VR + a-tDCS group compared to the VR + s-tDCS group (p = 0.024) at the retention. Similarly, VR + a-tDCS and VR + s-tDCS improved BC compared to the control group at post-intervention (all ps< 0.001) and retention test (all ps< 0.001). In addition, higher BC was observed in the VR + a-tDCS group compared to the VR + s-tDCS group (p< 0.001) at the retention test. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that adding a-tDCSUHCDS to VR over 12 sessions may have an additional effect on VR training for improving and retaining motor coordination in sedentary adolescent girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasrin Shahbazi
- Department of Motor Behavior and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Ali Heirani
- Department of Motor Behavior and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Ehsan Amiri
- Exercise Metabolism and Performance Lab (EMPL), Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Daniel Gomes da Silva Machado
- Research Group in Neuroscience of Human Movement (NeuroMove), Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
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Harley KG, Watson A, Robertson S, Vitzthum VJ, Shea A. Menstrual Cycle Characteristics of U. S. Adolescents According to Gynecologic Age and Age at Menarche. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2024; 37:419-425. [PMID: 38570085 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpag.2024.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE To characterize typical menstrual cycle characteristics in adolescents and determine how these differ with age at menarche or years since menarche (gynecologic age). METHODS We surveyed 13 to 18-year-old U.S. users of the Clue app (N = 6,486) and linked their responses to app-recorded cycle data (N=38,916 cycles). We analyzed cycle characteristics including cycle length, cycle variability, period length, experience of heavy flow, and dysmenorrhea in relation to gynecologic age and menarcheal age using mixed effects models. RESULTS With increasing gynecologic age, we observed dose-dependent associations of lower odds of cycle irregularity (defined as cycles that were highly variable, short, or long) and higher odds of reporting ≥1 day of heavy flow. Individuals <1 year post-menarche had lower odds of heavy flow (Odds Ratio (OR) = 0.3; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.1, 0.6), and increased odds of having a highly variable cycle (OR = 2.6; 95% CI: 1.3, 5.2) or short cycles (OR = 5.0; 95% CI: 2.3, 11.0) compared to those who were 6+ years post-menarche. We also found associations with early and late age at menarche. Compared to menarcheal age of 14+ years, menarcheal age ≤10 years was associated with shorter cycle length (β = -1.63 days; 95% CI: -2.51, -0.75), increased odds of dysmenorrhea (OR = 3.2; 95% CI: 2.3, 4.6), and decreased odds of high cycle variability (OR = 0.8; 95% CI: 0.6, 1.0). CONCLUSION Cycle characteristics in adolescence are associated with menarcheal age and gynecologic age. Notably, highly variable cycles are common, especially among those with younger gynecologic age or older menarcheal age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim G Harley
- Wallace Center for Maternal, Child, and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California.
| | - Annalisa Watson
- Wallace Center for Maternal, Child, and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California
| | - Samantha Robertson
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California, Berkeley
| | - Virginia J Vitzthum
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Canada; Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana
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Kolovelonis A, Syrmpas I, Marcuzzi A, Khudair M, Ng K, Tempest GD, Peric R, Bartoš F, Maier M, Brandes M, Carlin A, Ciaccioni S, Cortis C, Corvino C, Di Credico A, Drid P, Gallè F, Izzicupo P, Jahre H, Kongsvold A, Kouidi E, Mork PJ, Palumbo F, Rumbold PLS, Sandu P, Stavnsbo M, Vilela S, Woods C, Wunsch K, Capranica L, MacDonncha C, Ling FCM. DE-PASS best evidence statement (BESt): determinants of adolescents' device-based physical activity and sedentary behaviour in settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1706. [PMID: 38926707 PMCID: PMC11202347 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-19136-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although physical activity (PA) is associated with significant health benefits, only a small percentage of adolescents meet recommended PA levels. This systematic review with meta-analysis explored the modifiable determinants of adolescents' device-based PA and/or sedentary behaviour (SB), evaluated in previous interventions and examined the associations between PA/SB and these determinants in settings. METHODS A search was conducted on five electronic databases, including papers published from January 2010 to July 2023. Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) or Controlled Trials (CTs) measuring adolescents' device-based PA/SB and their modifiable determinants at least at two time points: pre- and post-intervention were considered eligible. PA/SB and determinants were the main outcomes. Modifiable determinants were classified after data extraction adopting the social-ecological perspective. Robust Bayesian meta-analyses (RoBMA) were performed per each study setting. Outcomes identified in only one study were presented narratively. The risk of bias for each study and the certainty of the evidence for each meta-analysis were evaluated. The publication bias was also checked. PROSPERO ID CRD42021282874. RESULTS Fourteen RCTs (eight in school, three in school and family, and one in the family setting) and one CT (in the school setting) were included. Fifty-four modifiable determinants were identified and were combined into 33 broader determinants (21 individual-psychological, four individual-behavioural, seven interpersonal, and one institutional). RoBMAs revealed none or negligible pooled intervention effects on PA/SB or determinants in all settings. The certainty of the evidence of the impact of interventions on outcomes ranged from very low to low. Narratively, intervention effects in favour of the experimental group were detected in school setting for the determinants: knowledge of the environment for practicing PA, d = 1.84, 95%CI (1.48, 2.20), behaviour change techniques, d = 0.90, 95%CI (0.09, 1.70), choice provided, d = 0.70, 95%CI (0.36, 1.03), but no corresponding effects on PA or SB were found. CONCLUSIONS Weak to minimal evidence regarding the associations between the identified modifiable determinants and adolescents' device-based PA/SB in settings were found, probably due to intervention ineffectiveness. Well-designed and well-implemented multicomponent interventions should further explore the variety of modifiable determinants of adolescents' PA/SB, including policy and environmental variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athanasios Kolovelonis
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, 42 100 Karies, Trikala, Greece.
| | - Ioannis Syrmpas
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, 42 100 Karies, Trikala, Greece
| | - Anna Marcuzzi
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Mohammed Khudair
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Northumbria University, Newcastle, UK
| | - Kwok Ng
- Faculty of Education, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Physical Activity for Health Centre, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
- Institute of Innovation and Sports Science, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Gavin Daniel Tempest
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Northumbria University, Newcastle, UK
| | - Ratko Peric
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, OrthoSport Banja Luka, Banja Luka, Bosnia-Herzegovina
| | - František Bartoš
- Department of Psychological Methods, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Mirko Brandes
- Department of Prevention and Evaluation, Leibniz, Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - Angela Carlin
- Centre for Exercise Medicine, Physical Activity and Health, Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Belfast, UK
| | - Simone Ciaccioni
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | - Cristina Cortis
- Department of Human Sciences, Society and Health, University of Cassino and Lazio Meridionale, Cassino, Italy
| | - Chiara Corvino
- Faculty of Economics, Department of Psychology, Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Di Credico
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Patrik Drid
- Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Francesca Gallè
- Department of Medical, Movement and Wellbeing Sciences, University of Naples "Parthenope", Naples, Italy
| | - Pascal Izzicupo
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Henriette Jahre
- Department of Rehabilitation Science and Health Technology, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Atle Kongsvold
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Evangelia Kouidi
- Laboratory of Sports Medicne, Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Paul Jarle Mork
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Federico Palumbo
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | | | - Petru Sandu
- Health Promotion and Evaluation, National Institute of Public Health in Romania, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mette Stavnsbo
- Department of Sport Science and Physical Education, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Sofia Vilela
- EPIUnit - Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Catherine Woods
- Physical Activity for Health Cluster, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Kathrin Wunsch
- Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Laura Capranica
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | - Ciaran MacDonncha
- Physical Activity for Health Cluster, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Fiona Chun Man Ling
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Northumbria University, Newcastle, UK
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Fenton T, Bastida E. Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors Trends Among Black High School Students, 2009-2019. RESEARCH QUARTERLY FOR EXERCISE AND SPORT 2024:1-10. [PMID: 38900998 DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2024.2351903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Purpose: Physical inactivity and sedentary behaviors are key contributors to the rising rates of childhood obesity. Though many adolescents are aware of the benefits of exercise, youth in America are not sufficiently active. This study examined changes in physical activity (PA), physical education (PE), and sedentary behaviors among Black adolescents. Methods: Pooled data from Black high school students (n = 2,233) who completed the Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) from 2009-2019 in Broward County, Florida, were analyzed. Logistic and linear regression models examined trends in selected physical activity indicators. Results: There were no significant changes in recommended physical activity levels (p = .829), daily physical activity (p = .44), PE class attendance (p = .054), or the average number of days of PA engagement (p = .304) for this time period. However, there was a significant decline in daily PE class attendance, the average number of days of PE attendance, and excessive television watching (p < .001). There were also increases in excessive video gaming and computer usage (p = .002). Conclusion: Adolescents' physical activity behaviors have not declined substantially over the past decade. However, sedentary behaviors, such as computer use and video gaming, have markedly increased. Results presented here should assist in broadening the understanding of Black adolescents' views on weight and physical activity and developing local programs and interventions to promote regular physical activity aimed at this population.
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Antunes H, Rodrigues A, Sabino B, Alves R, Correia AL, Lopes H. The Effect of Motivation on Physical Activity among Middle and High School Students. Sports (Basel) 2024; 12:154. [PMID: 38921848 PMCID: PMC11209451 DOI: 10.3390/sports12060154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The study addressed two main objectives: (i) to investigate disparities in motivation dimensions regarding extracurricular physical activity and (ii) to identify the influence of motivation on time spent in formal and informal physical activity. A sample of 704 adolescents (56% girls) from middle (46%) and high school (54%), with an average age of 14.88 ± 2.52, was assessed for different motivation dimensions using the Questionnaire of Motivation for Sports Activities (QMSA). Additionally, participants were categorized based on extracurricular physical activity practice. Multivariate analyses and multiple linear regressions were conducted to examine the effect of physical activity type on motivation dimensions and identify predictors of time spent in formal and informal physical activities, respectively. Results indicated that motivation varied significantly with extracurricular physical activity practice (p < 0.05), with students involved in extracurricular activities being more motivated. Sex and age differences were observed, with boys showing higher motivation in certain dimensions (achievement status (p < 0.001); group activity (p = 0.027); contextual (p = 0.004); technical improvement (p = 0.012) and older participants having lower scores in all dimensions. The influence of family and friends was a significant predictor only for boys in formal physical activity (p = 0.039). In terms of time spent in physical activity, group activity was a predictor for informal activities (p < 0.001), while technical improvement was a predictor for formal activities (p < 0.001), with notable sex differences. These findings underscore the importance of considering sex- and age-specific motivations when promoting physical activity among adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélio Antunes
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Madeira, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal; (H.A.); (A.R.); (R.A.); (A.L.C.)
- Centre for Tourism Research, Development, and Innovation (CITUR), 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences, and Human Development (CIDESD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Ana Rodrigues
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Madeira, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal; (H.A.); (A.R.); (R.A.); (A.L.C.)
- Centre for Tourism Research, Development, and Innovation (CITUR), 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences, and Human Development (CIDESD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Bebiana Sabino
- Higher School of Education, Polytechnic Institute of Beja, 7800-295 Beja, Portugal;
- Sport Physical Activity and Health Research & Innovation Center (SPRINT), 3030-329 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Alves
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Madeira, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal; (H.A.); (A.R.); (R.A.); (A.L.C.)
| | - Ana Luísa Correia
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Madeira, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal; (H.A.); (A.R.); (R.A.); (A.L.C.)
| | - Helder Lopes
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Madeira, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal; (H.A.); (A.R.); (R.A.); (A.L.C.)
- Centre for Tourism Research, Development, and Innovation (CITUR), 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences, and Human Development (CIDESD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
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K. C. S, Kaphle HP, Neupane N, Baral S. Internet use and its association with physical activity among adolescents in Beni Municipality, Myagdi, Nepal. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0302456. [PMID: 38701076 PMCID: PMC11068167 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0302456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adolescence is a critical phase marked by distinct health and developmental needs and rights. It represents a pivotal time for the acquisition of knowledge, skills, emotional regulations, and relationship management. However, a recent surge in internet usage among adolescents has been observed, leading to a concerning decline in physical activity. This study aims to evaluate the level of physical activity and its correlation with internet use among adolescents. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional study, conducted within educational institutions in Beni, Nepal, utilized a self-structured questionnaire to collect data on physical activity levels and associated factors. The relationship between physical activity and independent variables was assessed through the chi-square test, and regression analysis was employed to quantify the strength of this association. RESULTS The study revealed that 75.3% of adolescents (out of 385) exhibited inadequate physical activity levels. Notably, late adolescents were more susceptible to insufficient physical activity than their middle adolescent counterparts were. Adolescents from nuclear families (UOR = 2.689, C.I = 4.074-22.822), those with higher monthly family income (UOR = 3.318, C.I = 1.209-9.105), and individuals using Wi-Fi (UOR = 1.801, C.I = 1.117-2.904) demonstrated a higher likelihood of internet addiction. Moreover, these groups were more prone to engage in inadequate physical activity (UOR = 1.1740, C.I = 0.938-3.226) compared to their counterparts not addicted to the internet. CONCLUSION The study concludes that over two-thirds of adolescents were addicted to the Internet, and three-fourths were inadequately physically active, with late adolescents being more affected than middle adolescents. Inadequate physical activity was associated with various factors, including family type, monthly family income, monthly pocket money, father's occupation, type of school, type of internet access, and Internet Addiction Test (IAT) score. Internet-addicted adolescents were found to be more likely to be physically inactive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shristi K. C.
- School of Health and Allied Sciences, Pokhara University, Pokhara, Nepal
| | - Hari Prasad Kaphle
- School of Health and Allied Sciences, Pokhara University, Pokhara, Nepal
| | - Nirmala Neupane
- School of Health and Allied Sciences, Pokhara University, Pokhara, Nepal
| | - Samjhana Baral
- School of Health and Allied Sciences, Pokhara University, Pokhara, Nepal
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Coe DP, Post EM, Fitzhugh EC, Fairbrother JT, Webster EK. Associations among Motor Competence, Physical Activity, Perceived Motor Competence, and Aerobic Fitness in 10-15-Year-Old Youth. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:260. [PMID: 38397372 PMCID: PMC10887974 DOI: 10.3390/children11020260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
(1) Background: The developmental model describes possible mechanisms that could impact the trajectory of children and adolescents' health behaviors related to obesity; however, few data are available that support this model in the adolescent population. This study investigated the associations among motor competence (MC), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), perceived motor competence (PMC), and aerobic fitness in children and adolescents and the mediating and moderating effects of PMC, aerobic fitness, and weight status on the MC-MVPA relationship. (2) Methods: Participants included 47 adolescents (12.2 ± 1.6 y; 55% male) who completed the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency, 2nd Edition (MC), Harter's perceived self-competency questionnaire (PMC), and the PACER test (aerobic fitness) and whose MVPA was measured via accelerometry. The body mass index (BMI) was calculated from measured height and weight. (3) Results: There were positive correlations between MC and fitness [rs(47) = 0.469, p < 0.01], PMC and fitness [rs(47) = 0.682, p < 0.01], and PMC and MC [rs(47) = 0.416, p < 0.01]. There were no associations among MVPA and MC, PMC, or fitness (p > 0.05). There were inverse associations between BMI and both MVPA [rs(44) = -0.410, p < 0.01] and fitness [rs(47) = 0.295, p < 0.05]. The association between MC and MVPA was mediated by fitness (β = 0.3984; 95% CI (0.0564-0.7985)). (4) Conclusions: The associations among MC, PMC, and fitness highlight the critical role of MC in health and partially support the proposed developmental model concerning the relationships that exist among MC, MVPA, PMC, fitness, and BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawn P. Coe
- Department of Kinesiology, Recreation, and Sport Studies, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (E.C.F.); (E.K.W.)
| | - Emily M. Post
- Department Health & Sport Sciences, Otterbein University, Westerville, OH 43081, USA;
| | - Eugene C. Fitzhugh
- Department of Kinesiology, Recreation, and Sport Studies, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (E.C.F.); (E.K.W.)
| | | | - E. Kipling Webster
- Department of Kinesiology, Recreation, and Sport Studies, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (E.C.F.); (E.K.W.)
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11
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Guerra J, Jhon J, Lanza K, Castro G, Barengo NC. The availability between recreational facilities and physical activity of US adolescents. Prev Med Rep 2024; 38:102592. [PMID: 38283963 PMCID: PMC10820262 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2024.102592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Determining the locations where adolescents tend to accumulate greater amounts of physical activity may assist policymakers to address the built environment design and promote PA. This study evaluated the association between the availability of recreational facilities and average minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) per day of US adolescents in 2017 (n = 1,437). Data for this cross-sectional study were obtained from the 2017 Family Life, Activity, Sun, Health, and Eating study, an internet-based study collecting information on diet and PA of parent and adolescent dyads. Adolescents aged 12-17 from the US were included. Predicted daily minutes of MVPA were calculated. The exposure variables of interest were the availability of school recreational facilities, indoor recreational facilities, playing fields, bike/hiking/walking trails or paths or public parks. Participants were excluded if no information was provided for MVPA or availability of recreational facilities. Unadjusted and adjusted linear regression analysis was used to calculate mean daily minutes of MVPA and their corresponding 95 % confidence intervals. In fully adjusted models, we found statistically significant associations between the type of recreational facility and differences in daily minutes of MVPA for school (p-value < 0.001) and public parks p-value < 0.001), but not for the other recreational facilities. The average daily minutes of MVPA differed by 4.4 min (95 % CI 2.6, 6.2) if participants had school recreational facilities, respectively. School recreational facilities are important for engaging adolescents in PA objectives. Features within school recreational facilities should be studied to further investigate contributions to increased PA levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamee Guerra
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Privada del Norte, Lima, Perú
- Department of Medical Education, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Johnatan Jhon
- Department of Medical Education, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Kevin Lanza
- University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Grettel Castro
- Department of Medical Education, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Noël C. Barengo
- Department of Medical Education, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
- Escuela Superior de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Argentina
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Marques A, Iglésias B, Ramos G, Gouveia ÉR, Ferrari G, Martins J, Lagestad P. Physical education teachers' knowledge of physical activity recommendations for health promotion in children and adolescents. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21862. [PMID: 38071200 PMCID: PMC10710445 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48522-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to analyse the knowledge of Portuguese physical education (PE) teachers according to the health recommendations for physical activity (PA) for children and adolescents. A total of 764 teachers participated (55.2% men) with a mean age of 48.2 years. Data was collected using answering to an online survey. Teachers were asked about PA's frequency, duration and intensity to achieve the recommended level PA. Chi-square was applied to analyse the associations. The main finding is that PE teachers have a lack of knowledge of the health recommendations of PA. Specifically, only 7.5% of the PE teachers in our study could identify the PA recommendations correctly. The intensity component in the health recommendation is the one in which most PE teachers demonstrate correct knowledge of (60.5%), with significant differences in gender and teaching level. However, significantly fewer PE teachers knew the frequency component in the health recommendations for PA (25%), with significant differences in education level. For the duration component, only 37.6% of teachers knew the recommendations. In light of our findings, it is a concern that PE teachers generally lack knowledge according to children's fulfilment of health recommendations for PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adilson Marques
- CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- ISAMB, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Beatriz Iglésias
- Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Gil Ramos
- Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Élvio R Gouveia
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, University of Madeira, Funchal, Portugal
- LARSYS, Interactive Technologies Institute, Funchal, Madeira, Portugal
| | - Gérson Ferrari
- Escuela de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, el Deporte y la Salud, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago, Chile
- Laboratorio de Rendimiento Humano, Grupo de Estudio en Educación, Actividad Física y Salud (GEEAFyS), Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
| | - João Martins
- CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- ISAMB, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Pål Lagestad
- Faculty of Teacher Education and Arts, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Nord University, Levanger, Norway.
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Swelam BA, Arundell L, Salmon JO, Abbott G, Timperio A, Chastin SFM, Ridgers ND. Exploring Children's Self-Reported Activity Compensation: The REACT Study. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2023; 55:1456-1464. [PMID: 36924338 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000003164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Previous research has focused on device-based measures of activity compensation, with little understanding of how children perceive potential compensatory responses to activity or inactivity, or whether these change after periods of activity or inactivity. The aim of this study was (a) to explore the alignment between children's self-reported usual compensation and compensation recall after experimental conditions and (b) to examine sex differences. METHODS In total, 360 children (47% boys) participated in at least one of three experimental conditions over 6 wk: (a) restricted physical activity (PA; indoor play), (b) imposed moderate- to vigorous-intensity PA (MVPA; sports class), and (c) imposed light-intensity PA (LPA; standing lesson). Before the first condition, children reported their "usual compensation" behavior to examples of restricted/imposed PA, and 2-3 d after each experimental condition, they completed a recall measure of their compensation after the condition. Multilevel regression models were conducted to determine whether children's perceptions of "usual compensation" score were associated with recalled compensation score after imposed or restricted PA. Additional models were fitted for sex-specific associations. RESULTS Overall and among girls, the usual compensation score was positively associated with the compensatory recall score for the additional MVPA and LPA conditions ( P < 0.0005; e.g., they thought they would usually compensate for additional MVPA and then perceived that they compensated after additional MVPA). A negative association was seen in the restricted activity condition among girls ( P = 0.03). All associations in the boys' analyses were statistically nonsignificant. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest some alignment between children's self-reported usual compensation and compensation recall after imposed changes to routine activity. Future research should consider device-measured comparisons and identify characteristics of children at risk of activity compensation in future interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany A Swelam
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, AUSTRALIA
| | - Lauren Arundell
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, AUSTRALIA
| | - J O Salmon
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, AUSTRALIA
| | - Gavin Abbott
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, AUSTRALIA
| | - Anna Timperio
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, AUSTRALIA
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Brindley C, Hamrik Z, Kleszczewska D, Dzielska A, Mazur J, Haug E, Kopcakova J, Marques A, Altenburg T, Demetriou Y, Bucksch J. Gender-specific social and environmental correlates of active travel to school in four European countries: the HBSC Study. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1190045. [PMID: 37559734 PMCID: PMC10407096 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1190045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Despite the health benefits, a large proportion of girls and boys in Europe do not travel to school actively. A better understanding of the correlates associated with this behavior could guide interventions. This study examines perceived social and environmental correlates of active travel to school (ACTS) from the 2017/18 Health Behavior in School-Aged Children (HBSC) survey in four European countries, with a special emphasis on gender differences (n = 22,023). Methods Logistic regression was conducted to analyze associations between the perceived importance of each correlate and ACTS behavior for 11-, 13-, and 15-year-old girls and boys from Germany, Czechia, Poland, and Slovakia. All models were adjusted for age, family affluence, and meeting World Health Organization recommendations for moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. Results Rates of ACTS significantly differed between girls and boys. In Czechia, 65% of girls and boys traveled to school actively, followed by Slovakia (61.4% girls and 58.4% boys), Poland (57.7% girls and 60.2% boys), and Germany (42.6% girls and 48.6% boys). Girls were less likely to actively travel to school compared to boys (odds ratio [OR]: 0.92, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.87-0.97). Increasing age (OR: 0.95, 95% CI: 0.93-0.97) and a greater distance to school index (OR: 0.89, 95% CI: 0.88-0.90) were both negatively associated with ACTS. The perceived importance of living closer to school and of road and neighborhood safety was positively associated with ACTS, with a stronger association in boys than in girls for neighborhood safety. On the contrary, the perceived importance of having people to walk with was negatively associated with ACTS, with a stronger association in girls (OR: 0.74, 95% CI: 0.65-0.84) than in boys (OR: 0.77, 95% CI: 0.66-0.88). Discussion This study provides insights into perceived social and environmental correlates associated with ACTS behavior. Future research should include gender-specific perceptions and more in-depth investigations of correlates encouraging ACTS, especially considering social aspects, safety issues, and the structuring of the environment in different cultural settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherina Brindley
- Department of Natural and Sociological Sciences, Heidelberg University of Education, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Zdenek Hamrik
- Department of Recreation and Leisure Studies, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
| | | | - Anna Dzielska
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, Institute of Mother and Child, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Mazur
- Department of Humanization in Medicine and Sexology, University of Zielona Gora, Collegium Medicum, Zielona Góra, Poland
| | - Ellen Haug
- Department of Health Promotion and Development, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Teacher Education, NLA University College, Bergen, Norway
| | - Jaroslava Kopcakova
- Department of Health Psychology and Research Methodology, Faculty of Medicine, P.J. Safarik University, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Adilson Marques
- CIPER, Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Teatske Altenburg
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Yolanda Demetriou
- Department of Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Jens Bucksch
- Department of Natural and Sociological Sciences, Heidelberg University of Education, Heidelberg, Germany
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Vollrath S, Matits L, Jerg A, Zorn J, John L, Steinacker JM, Bizjak DA. Blood Profiling of Athletes after COVID-19: Differences in Blood Profiles of Post-COVID-19 Athletes Compared to Uninfected Athletic Individuals-An Exploratory Analysis. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1911. [PMID: 37509550 PMCID: PMC10377547 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11071911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Blood profiling data in athletic populations and their respective responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection are lacking. Thus, this exploratory pilot study aimed to analyze and compare clinical blood markers in previously infected trained athletes (ATH; 30 m/29 f) and a not previously infected healthy athletic control group (HC; 12 m/19 f). The ATH group undertook a sports medical examination which included extended blood analyses. Blood profiles with a total of 74 variables were assessed (blood counts, pro-/inflammatory and immunological markers, and micronutrients), and the ATH group was compared to the age-matched, vaccinated HC group with comparable athletic back grounds, though without previous SARS-CoV-2-infections. The ATH group showed lower IgG, Troponin-T levels, and they had a lower complement/acute-phase protein activation. Furthermore, Vitamin D levels were lower and electrolyte/micronutrient concentrations were higher in ATH. Soluble transferrin receptor as a marker of erythrocyte turnover was decreased whereas PTT as a coagulation marker was increased. Subgroup analyses according to sex revealed more differences between the women of the ATH and HC groups (for 25 different variables) than between the men (for 5 different variables), especially for immunological and metabolic variables. In particular, the immune system and electrolyte/micronutrient status should be observed frequently and sex-specifically in this athletic cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Vollrath
- Division of Sports and Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Medicine, Ulm University Hospital, 89075 Ulm, Germany
| | - Lynn Matits
- Division of Sports and Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Medicine, Ulm University Hospital, 89075 Ulm, Germany
- Division of Clinical & Biological Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University, 89075 Ulm, Germany
| | - Achim Jerg
- Division of Sports and Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Medicine, Ulm University Hospital, 89075 Ulm, Germany
| | - Jule Zorn
- Division of Sports and Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Medicine, Ulm University Hospital, 89075 Ulm, Germany
| | - Lucas John
- Division of Sports and Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Medicine, Ulm University Hospital, 89075 Ulm, Germany
| | - Jürgen Michael Steinacker
- Division of Sports and Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Medicine, Ulm University Hospital, 89075 Ulm, Germany
| | - Daniel Alexander Bizjak
- Division of Sports and Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Medicine, Ulm University Hospital, 89075 Ulm, Germany
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Encarnação S, Rodrigues F, Monteiro AM, Gouili H, Hattabi S, Sortwell A, Branquinho L, Teixeira JE, Ferraz R, Flores P, Silva-Santos S, Ribeiro J, Batista A, Forte PM. Obesity Status and Physical Fitness Levels in Male and Female Portuguese Adolescents: A Two-Way Multivariate Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6115. [PMID: 37372702 PMCID: PMC10298555 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20126115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Obesity and decreasing fitness levels among the youth are growing concerns in Portugal, similar to other developed countries, with implications for health and psychomotor development. Understanding the influence of health determinants such as sex and age are crucial for developing effective public health strategies. This study aimed to analyze the association between sex and chronological age with obesity status and physical fitness in Portuguese adolescents. A total of 170 adolescents (85 males and 85 females) were evaluated for body mass index, abdominal adiposity, aerobic fitness, abdominal resistance, upper limb resistance, lower limb power, and maximal running speed in a 40 m sprint using the FITescola® physical fitness battery, a Portuguese government initiative. The general model, analyzed using Pillai's trace, showed a significant effect of age and sex on body mass index, abdominal circumference, aerobic fitness, abdominal resistance, upper limb resistance, lower limb power, and maximal running speed (V = 0.99, F (7) = 10,916.4, p < 0.001, partial η2, sex = 0.22; age = 0.43, sex and age interaction = 0.10). Boys had higher physical fitness levels than girls in most tests, but both sex groups had a significantly higher proportion of non-fit adolescents, with boys showing the highest number of participants classified as non-fit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Encarnação
- Department of Sports Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Sport Sciences, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança (IPB), 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
- Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Research Center of the Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the Douro, (CI-ISCE), 4560-447 Penafiel, Portugal
| | - Filipe Rodrigues
- ESECS—Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal
- Life Quality Research Center (CIEQV), 2040-413 Leiria, Portugal
| | - António Miguel Monteiro
- Department of Sport Sciences, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança (IPB), 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
- Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Hatem Gouili
- High Institute of Sports and Physical Education of Elkef, University of Jendouba, Jendouba Kef 7100, Tunisia
| | - Soukaina Hattabi
- Research Center of the Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the Douro, (CI-ISCE), 4560-447 Penafiel, Portugal
- High Institute of Sports and Physical Education of Elkef, University of Jendouba, Jendouba Kef 7100, Tunisia
- Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the Douro, 4560-447 Penafiel, Portugal
| | - Andrew Sortwell
- Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- School of Nursing, Midwifery, Health Sciences and Physiotherapy, University of Notre Dame, Sydney 2007, Australia
| | - Luís Branquinho
- Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Research Center of the Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the Douro, (CI-ISCE), 4560-447 Penafiel, Portugal
- Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the Douro, 4560-447 Penafiel, Portugal
| | - José Eduardo Teixeira
- Department of Sport Sciences, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança (IPB), 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
- Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Department of Sport Sciences, Polytechnic Institute of Guarda, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Ferraz
- Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Department of Sports Sciences, University of Beria Interior, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Pedro Flores
- Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Research Center of the Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the Douro, (CI-ISCE), 4560-447 Penafiel, Portugal
- Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the Douro, 4560-447 Penafiel, Portugal
| | - Sandra Silva-Santos
- Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Research Center of the Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the Douro, (CI-ISCE), 4560-447 Penafiel, Portugal
- Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the Douro, 4560-447 Penafiel, Portugal
- Research Center in Sports Performance, Recreation, Innovation and Technology (SPRINT -IPVC), 4900-347 Viana do Castelo, Portugal
- Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo (IPVC), 4900-347 Viana do Castelo, Portugal
| | - Joana Ribeiro
- Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Research Center of the Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the Douro, (CI-ISCE), 4560-447 Penafiel, Portugal
- Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the Douro, 4560-447 Penafiel, Portugal
| | - Amanda Batista
- Research Center of the Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the Douro, (CI-ISCE), 4560-447 Penafiel, Portugal
- Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the Douro, 4560-447 Penafiel, Portugal
| | - Pedro Miguel Forte
- Department of Sport Sciences, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança (IPB), 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
- Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Research Center of the Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the Douro, (CI-ISCE), 4560-447 Penafiel, Portugal
- Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the Douro, 4560-447 Penafiel, Portugal
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Hoogstoel F, Samadoulougou S, Diouf A, Savoye I, Donnen P, Van der Heyden J, Kirakoya-Samadoulougou F. Adherence to '5-2-1-0' guidelines and multiple risky behaviours among adolescents in nine sub-Saharan African countries: evidence from Global School-based Student Health Survey 2012-2017. BMJ Nutr Prev Health 2023; 6:91-99. [PMID: 37559967 PMCID: PMC10407405 DOI: 10.1136/bmjnph-2022-000488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Overweight and obesity constitute a new challenge in low-income and middle-countries. The obesity prevention programme, called '5-2-1-0', promotes healthy eating habits, physical activity and limited screen time among young people.This study aimed to assess adherence to the '5-2-1-0' recommendations and to study multiple risky behaviours among adolescents in nine countries in sub-Saharan Africa. METHODS Meta-analyses with a random effect were used to calculate overall prevalence. Non-random patterns of the co-occurrence of the four risky behaviours were explored using observed/expected prevalence ratios. Data came from the Global School-based Health Survey and 18 314 adolescents were considered. RESULTS Among the participants, 12.7% (95% CI 7.5% to 19.0%) had overweight and 3.2% (95% CI 1.1% to 6.1%) had obesity. In almost all countries studied, girls were more affected by overweight and obesity than boys.While only 0.2% (95% CI 0.1% to 0.4%) of the adolescents fully complied with the recommendations, 4.8% (95% CI 3.1% to 6.9%), 28.4% (95% CI 22.4% to 34.8%), 43.8% (95% CI 41.9% to 45.8%) and 17.0% (95% CI 11.8% to 23.0%), respectively, combined 1, 2, 3 and 4 risky behaviours among the four '5-2-1-0' criteria. The most observed combination was found for co-occurrence of three risky behaviours: insufficient fruit/vegetables consumption, physical activity and non-zero consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the insufficient adherence to '5-2-1-0' recommendations and the high prevalence of the co-occurrence of risky behaviours underscore the need to strengthen health interventions and programmes to prevent obesity among adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Hoogstoel
- Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie, Biostatistique et Recherche Clinique, Ecole de Santé Publique, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium
- Institute of Statistics, Biostatistics and Actuarial Sciences (ISBA), Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Sékou Samadoulougou
- Evaluation Platform on Obesity Prevention, Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec, Montreal, Canada
- Centre for Research on Planning and Development (CRAD), Laval University, Quebec, Montreal, Canada
| | - Adama Diouf
- Département de Biologie Animale, UCAD, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Isabelle Savoye
- Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie, Biostatistique et Recherche Clinique, Ecole de Santé Publique, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Philippe Donnen
- Centre de Recherche 'Politiques et Systèmes de Santé-Santé Internationale’, Ecole de Santé Publique, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | | | - Fati Kirakoya-Samadoulougou
- Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie, Biostatistique et Recherche Clinique, Ecole de Santé Publique, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium
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Marques A, Ramirez-Campillo R, Gouveia ÉR, Ferrari G, Tesler R, Marconcin P, Loureiro V, Peralta M, Sarmento H. 24-h Movement Guidelines and Overweight and Obesity Indicators in Toddlers, Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. SPORTS MEDICINE - OPEN 2023; 9:30. [PMID: 37184735 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-023-00569-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Engaging in physical activity increases energy expenditure, reducing total body fat. Time spent in sedentary behaviours is associated with overweight and obesity, and adequate sleep duration is associated with improved body composition. This systematic review aimed to analyse the relationship between compliance with the 24-h movement guidelines and obesity indicators in toddlers, children and adolescents. METHODS A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted. PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus were searched from inception to December 2021. Cross-sectional and prospective studies that analysed the relationship between 24-h movement guidelines and overweight and obesity written in English, French, Portuguese or Spanish were included. PROSPERO registration number is CRD42022298316. RESULTS The associations between meeting the 24-h movement guidelines and standardised body mass index were null in the two studies for toddlers. Seven studies analysed the relationship between compliance with the 24-h movement guidelines and overweight and obesity among preschool children. Of these seven studies, six found no association between compliance with 24-h movement guidelines and body composition. Among children and adolescents, 15 articles were analysed. Of these 15 studies, in seven, it was found that children and adolescents who meet the 24-h movement guidelines were more likely to have lower risks of overweight and obesity. The meta-analysis yielded a pooled OR = 0.80 (95% CI = 0.68 to 0.95, p = 0.012, I2 = 70.5%) in favour of compliant participants. Regarding participants' age groups, compliance with 24-h movement guidelines seems to exert greater benefits on overweight and obesity indicators among children-adolescents (OR = 0.62, p = 0.008) compared to participants at preschool (OR = 1.00, p = 0.931) and toddlers (OR = 0.91, p = 0.853). CONCLUSION Most included studies have not observed a significant relationship between compliance with the 24-h movement guidelines and overweight and obesity in toddlers, children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adilson Marques
- CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada da Costa, 1499-002, Cruz Quebrada, Lisbon, Portugal.
- ISAMB, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo
- Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences Laboratory, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Élvio R Gouveia
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, University of Madeira, Funchal, Portugal
- LARSYS, Interactive Technologies Institute, Funchal, Portugal
| | - Gérson Ferrari
- Escuela de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, el Deporte y la Salud, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago, Chile
| | - Riki Tesler
- School of Health Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Priscila Marconcin
- CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada da Costa, 1499-002, Cruz Quebrada, Lisbon, Portugal
- KinesioLab Research Unit in Human Movement Analysis, Instituto Piaget, Almada, Portugal
| | - Vânia Loureiro
- ISAMB, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Department of Arts, Humanities and Sports, School of Education, Polytechnic Institute of Beja, Beja, Portugal
| | - Miguel Peralta
- CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada da Costa, 1499-002, Cruz Quebrada, Lisbon, Portugal
- ISAMB, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Hugo Sarmento
- Research Unit for Sport and Physical Activity, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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Gmmash A, Alonazi A, Almaddah M, Alkhateeb A, Sabir O, Alqabbani S. Influence of an 8-Week Exercise Program on Physical, Emotional, and Mental Health in Saudi Adolescents: A Pilot Study. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:medicina59050883. [PMID: 37241115 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59050883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Physical activity is essential for adolescents to maintain a healthy lifestyle. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of an 8-week exercise program and motivation on physical activity levels, self-motivation, and mental well-being of adolescents in Saudi Arabia. Moreover, the impact of virtual coaching on physical, emotional, and mental health after an eight-week exercise program was examined. Materials and Methods: Twenty-seven participants, 18 females (67%) and 9 males (33%), with a mean age of 14 ± 2.38 years, were enrolled in eight weeks of pre- and post-intervention between June and August of 2021. The physical activity scale, situational motivation scale, mental health continuum short form, and baseline assessments were completed before and after the eight-week program. The program recommended that adolescents practice aerobic, resistance, and weight-bearing exercises for 60 min daily. Paired mean t-tests were used to compare pre-and post-test results. Results: Participants showed an acceptable physical activity level (5.5 ± 1.4) on a 10-point scale with a significant improvement after the eight-week program (7 ± 1.5; p = 0.013). The situational motivation scale improved from 38.1 ± 16 to 26 ± 19.6 (p = 0.042). The mental health continuum (social and psychological well-being) also significantly improved. Participants who received weekly phone calls showed similar improvement patterns but were not significantly different from those who did not receive calls. Conclusions: A virtually delivered 8-week exercise program for adolescents improved their physical, motivational, and mental health. Providing additional weekly phone calls does not provide additional improvement. Providing adolescents with the needed supervision and motivation enhances their physical activity and mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afnan Gmmash
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asma Alonazi
- Department of Physical Therapy and Health Rehabilitation, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Riyadh 11952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muataz Almaddah
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afnan Alkhateeb
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ohud Sabir
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samiah Alqabbani
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 84428, Saudi Arabia
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20
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Gallardo LO, Esteban-Torres D, Rodríguez-Muñoz S, Moreno-Doña A, Abarca-Sos A. Is There Any Relationship between Physical Activity Levels and Academic Achievement? A Cross-Cultural Study among Spanish and Chilean Adolescents. Behav Sci (Basel) 2023; 13:bs13030238. [PMID: 36975263 PMCID: PMC10045662 DOI: 10.3390/bs13030238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The current scientific literature has shown significant disparity in results when physical activity is linked to academic achievement among adolescents. Thus, the main objectives of this study were (1) to analyze the relationship among students’ academic achievement, intention to be physically active, and physical activity levels depending on the country (Spain or Chile), as well as to analyze these relationships based on students’ socio-economic status, type of school, school year, gender, and body mass index; and (2) to analyze the differences between all these variables depending on the students’ country and gender. In total, 3052 adolescents participated in the research (14.58 ± 1.39 years): 734 Chilean students (336 males and 398 females) and 2318 Spanish students (1180 males and 1138 females). Various questionnaires were used to measure the study variables. The results revealed significant relationships between academic achievement and the rest of the variables in Spanish adolescents, but in the Chilean population, academic achievement was significantly related only to socio-economic status and the type of school. Moreover, Spanish students obtained higher scores, especially the males, except for academic achievement, which was higher in females. There were also significant differences in academic achievement, intention to be physically active, physical activity levels, and socio-economic status depending on the country, with all scores being higher in Spain. Given the results, the country seems to be an important factor when comparing academic achievement and physical activity levels, besides other demographic variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura O. Gallardo
- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, University of Zaragoza, C/Atarazana 4, 44003 Teruel, Spain
| | - Diego Esteban-Torres
- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, University of Zaragoza, C/Atarazana 4, 44003 Teruel, Spain
| | - Sheila Rodríguez-Muñoz
- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, University of Zaragoza, C/Atarazana 4, 44003 Teruel, Spain
| | - Alberto Moreno-Doña
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Valparaíso, Casa Central—Angamos, Viña del Mar 655, Chile
| | - Alberto Abarca-Sos
- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, University of Zaragoza, C/Atarazana 4, 44003 Teruel, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-978618101
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21
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Santos C, Maia J, Pereira S, Vasconcelos O, Garganta R, Lightfoot JT, Tani G, Hedeker D, Katzmarzyk PT, Bustamante A. Sibling Resemblance in Physical Activity Levels: The Peruvian Sibling Study on Growth and Health. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4210. [PMID: 36901221 PMCID: PMC10001479 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Physical activity is associated with a host of positive health outcomes and is shaped by both genetic and environmental factors. We aim to: (1) estimate sibling resemblance in two physical activity phenotypes [total number of steps∙day-1 and minutes for moderate steps per day (min∙day-1)]; and (2) investigate the joint associations of individual characteristics and shared natural environment with intra-pair sibling similarities in each phenotype. We sampled 247 biological siblings from 110 nuclear families, aged 6-17 years, from three Peruvian regions. Physical activity was measured using pedometers and body mass index was calculated. In general, non-significant variations in the intraclass correlation coefficients were found after adjustment for individual characteristics and geographical area for both phenotypes. Further, no significant differences were found between the three sib-ship types. Sister-sister pairs tended to take fewer steps than brother-brother (β = -2908.75 ± 954.31). Older siblings tended to walk fewer steps (β = -81.26 ± 19.83), whereas body mass index was not associated with physical activity. Siblings living at high-altitude and in the Amazon region had higher steps/day (β = 2508.92 ± 737.94; β = 2213.11 ± 776.63, respectively) compared with their peers living at sea-level. In general, we found no influence of sib-types, body mass index, and/or environment on the two physical activity phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Santos
- Centre of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport (CIFI2D), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
- Research Center in Sport, Physical Education, and Exercise and Health (CIDEFES), Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, Lusófona University, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - José Maia
- Centre of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport (CIFI2D), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
| | - Sara Pereira
- Centre of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport (CIFI2D), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
- Research Center in Sport, Physical Education, and Exercise and Health (CIDEFES), Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, Lusófona University, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Olga Vasconcelos
- Centre of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport (CIFI2D), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui Garganta
- Centre of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport (CIFI2D), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
| | - J. Timothy Lightfoot
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77845, USA
| | - Go Tani
- Motor Behavior Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sports, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-030, Brazil
| | - Donald Hedeker
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | | | - Alcibíades Bustamante
- School of Physical Education and Sports, National University of Education Enrique Guzmán y Valle, 60637 La Cantuta, Lurigancho-Chosica 15472, Peru
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22
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Kingston Ú, Adamakis M, Lester D, Costa J. A Scoping Review on Quality Physical Education Programmes and Their Outcomes on Primary-Level Pupils. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3575. [PMID: 36834274 PMCID: PMC9965463 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
A scoping review was carried out on the literature relating to the evaluation of the implementation of quality physical education (QPE) programmes and related outcomes on final-stage primary-level pupils' attitudes towards physical education (ATPE), physical activity behaviour (PAB), mental wellbeing (MWB) and academic achievement (AA). The scoping review included studies published between 2000 and 2020 in the PubMed, Elsevier, SCOPUS and CINAHL databases and was completed in accordance with the PRISMA extension for scoping reviews' guidelines. Based on the inclusion criteria, 15 out of 2869 studies were included in the review. A thematic analysis was used to inductively and deductively analyse the studies for common themes of features of QPE programmes in primary schools, arising from nine different countries, considering the four outcome dimensions (ATPE, PAB, MWB and AA). The common themes identified as features of QPE across all four dimensions were as follows: (1) government leadership; (2) PE curriculum; (3) school principal and leaders; (4) organisational management from leadership in school; (5) teachers; (6) parental involvement; and (7) community partnerships. Based on these findings, recommendations were made for an evaluation framework on QPE in primary education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Úna Kingston
- Sports Studies and Physical Education Programme, School of Education, University College Cork, T12 CY82 Cork, Ireland
| | - Manolis Adamakis
- School of Physical Education and Sport Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 10556 Athens, Greece
| | - Diarmuid Lester
- Sports Studies and Physical Education Programme, School of Education, University College Cork, T12 CY82 Cork, Ireland
| | - João Costa
- Sports Studies and Physical Education Programme, School of Education, University College Cork, T12 CY82 Cork, Ireland
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23
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Differential Patterns in Motivations for Practicing Sport and Their Effects on Physical Activity Engagement across the Lifespan. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:healthcare11020274. [PMID: 36673642 PMCID: PMC9858934 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11020274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to report what motivates individuals to be physically active, to determine whether motivating factors influence physical activity (PA) levels, and whether this differs across the lifespan. This is a cross-sectional study with 498 individuals: 117 adolescents, 306 adults, and 75 older adults. PA was assessed using Baecke’s questionnaire, and motivating factors for practicing sports were investigated using a scale with twelve questions. The factor analysis identified three motivating factors for sports practice: psychosocial, bodily, and well-being. The scale’s overall reliability and internal consistency indicated a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.885. The analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) adjusted for sex indicated the three factors as having a significant effect on PA (p < 0.050); however, only the well-being factor showed a significant interaction with age groups (p = 0.023, ηp2 = 0.030). Subsequently, the effect of the well-being factor on PA scores in each age group was explored through regression analyses. Only older adults showed a significant association in the unadjusted [OR = 0.378, p = 0.001, R2 = 0.243] and the sex-adjusted analysis [OR = 0.377, p = 0.001, R2 = 0.288]. These results help us to better understand the underlying motivational reasons in different age groups for engaging in sports.
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Górna S, Pazdro-Zastawny K, Basiak-Rasała A, Krajewska J, Kolator M, Cichy I, Rokita A, Zatoński T. Physical activity and sedentary behaviors in Polish children and adolescents. Arch Pediatr 2023; 30:42-47. [PMID: 36481164 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2022.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Participating in physical activity (PA) is essential for children's proper development. Promoting physical activity from early school years is considered a highly important prevention task for good health. The aim of this study was to evaluate the level of PA and sedentary behavior of children and adolescents aged 6-17 years attending primary and junior high schools in Wroclaw, Lower Silesia, Poland. The study assessed the frequency of various forms of PA and sedentary behavior in children and adolescents. The age differences in PA and sedentary behavior in the cohort studied was also analyzed. DESIGN Survey study to assess children's and adolescents' physical activity and sedentary behavior were based on a parent-reported questionnaire. PARTICIPANTS A total of 2913 children and adolescents aged 6-17 years (average age, 11.38 years) from Wroclaw, Poland, who participated in a pro-health campaign "Let's Get the Kids Moving." This project promotes a healthy lifestyle among primary and middle school students. RESULTS The frequency of physical activity significantly decreased as children grew older (p < 0.0001). As many as 18.6% of adolescents 13-17 years old undertook the recommended level of physical activity less than once a week. Time spent in front of the television or computer by pupils in group 3 was longer than in younger children (p < 0.0001). Nearly 19% of adolescents (13-17 years old) spent 5 h or more daily in a sitting position in front of the television or computer on weekends. CONCLUSIONS Polish children and adolescents do not spend the recommended level of time on physical activity and spend excessive time in front of the television and other electronic devices. The level of physical activity decreases as the number of hours spent in a sitting position increases with increasing age. Actions should be taken to avoid the long-term consequences of these behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Górna
- Akademia Wychowania Fizycznego im Eugeniusza Piaseckiego w Poznaniu, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Pazdro-Zastawny
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Wroclaw Medical University: Uniwersytet Medyczny im. Piastow Slaskich we Wroclawiu, Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Alicja Basiak-Rasała
- Department of Social Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University: Uniwersytet Medyczny im. Piastow Slaskich we Wroclawiu, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Joanna Krajewska
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Wroclaw Medical University: Uniwersytet Medyczny im. Piastow Slaskich we Wroclawiu, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Mateusz Kolator
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Wroclaw Medical University: Uniwersytet Medyczny im. Piastow Slaskich we Wroclawiu, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Ireneusz Cichy
- University School of Physical Education in Wrocław: Akademia Wychowania Fizycznego we Wroclawiu, Poland
| | - Andrzej Rokita
- University School of Physical Education in Wrocław: Akademia Wychowania Fizycznego we Wroclawiu, Poland
| | - Tomasz Zatoński
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Wroclaw Medical University: Uniwersytet Medyczny im. Piastow Slaskich we Wroclawiu, Wrocław, Poland
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Mata C, Onofre M, Martins J. Adolescents’ Perceived Barriers to Physical Activity during the COVID-19 Pandemic. CHILDREN 2022; 9:children9111726. [PMID: 36360454 PMCID: PMC9688682 DOI: 10.3390/children9111726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic, adolescents’ routines were deeply affected, which negatively impacted their level of PA. Knowing the barriers to PA in adolescence is relevant, because the perception of more barriers is one of the most consistent negative correlates of PA participation. The purpose of this study was to analyze and compare the barriers perceived by adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic by sex, education level, PA level, and BMI. A total of 1369 students (621 boys and 748 girls; mean age: 14.4 years; SD: 1.74) participated in the study. The chi-square test was used to analyze the differences between groups. Only 3.1% of the adolescents complied with the international guidelines for PA. In general, the barriers with the highest prevalence were the COVID-19 pandemic, lack of time, and taking time away from study. The number of perceived barriers to PA was higher among girls, younger, and inactive participants. Boys selected more the barriers due to COVID-19 than girls, and students with normal weight chose more barriers than those with overweight. This study provides information on adolescents’ PA barriers during the COVID-19 pandemic and draws attention to the negative effects that restrictive measures have had on adolescents’ PA levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Mata
- Centro de Estudos de Educação, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, 1499-002 Cruz Quebrada-Dafundo, Portugal
| | - Marcos Onofre
- Centro de Estudos de Educação, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana e UIDEF, Instituto de Educação, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-004 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - João Martins
- Centro de Estudos de Educação, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, 1499-002 Cruz Quebrada-Dafundo, Portugal
- CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, 1499-002 Cruz Quebrada-Dafundo, Portugal
- Correspondence:
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26
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Cagas JY, Mallari MFT, Torre BA, Kang MGD, Palad YY, Guisihan RM, Aurellado MI, Sanchez-Pituk C, Realin JGP, Sabado MLC, Ulanday MED, Baltasar JF, Maghanoy MLA, Ramos RAA, Santos RAB, Capio CM. Results from the Philippines' 2022 report card on physical activity for children and adolescents. J Exerc Sci Fit 2022; 20:382-390. [PMID: 36311171 PMCID: PMC9579405 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2022.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Objective The 2022 Philippine Report Card on Physical Activity for Children and Adolescents provides a comprehensive assessment of physical activity and other related behaviors, including the various factors and settings that influence these behaviors. It serves as an advocacy tool to increase awareness of the physical activity situation among children and young people in the country. This article describes the development and results of the first Philippine Report Card on Physical Activity for Children and Adolescents. Methods Following a systematic process provided by the Active Healthy Kids Global Alliance, a team consisting of 25 sports and physical activity specialists identified and reviewed the best available nationally representative data related to physical activity indicators. These data were then used to inform the grades of the ten (10) physical activity indicators. Results Sufficient data were identified to assign grades to five (5) indicators: Overall Physical Activity (F), Active Transportation (D), Sedentary Behavior (B), School (C-), and Government (B). Insufficient data existed to assign grades to the remaining five (5) indicators: Organized Sport and Physical Activity, Active Play, Physical Fitness, Family and Peers, and Community and Environment. Conclusion Despite government policies related to physical activity in the country, the majority of children and adolescents in the Philippines do not meet the recommended amount of physical activity for health. More work is needed to improve the translation of these policies into measurable programs, highlighting the need to create better physical activity opportunities and develop national surveillance mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Y. Cagas
- Department of Sports Science, College of Human Kinetics, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines,Corresponding author. College of Human Kinetics, cor. E. Jacinto and Magsaysay St., University of the Philippines Diliman, 1101 Quezon City, Philippines.
| | - Marla Frances T. Mallari
- Department of Sports Science, College of Human Kinetics, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Beatriz A. Torre
- Department of Psychology, College of Social Sciences and Philosophy, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Mary-Grace D.P. Kang
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Allied Medical Professions, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila City, Philippines
| | - Yves Y. Palad
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Allied Medical Professions, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila City, Philippines
| | - Roselle M. Guisihan
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Allied Medical Professions, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila City, Philippines
| | - Maria Isabela Aurellado
- Department of Sports Science, College of Human Kinetics, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Chessa Sanchez-Pituk
- Department of Physical Education, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila City, Philippines
| | - John Guiller P. Realin
- Department of Physical Education, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila City, Philippines
| | - Marvin Luis C. Sabado
- Department of Physical Education, College of Human Kinetics, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Marie Eloisa D. Ulanday
- Department of Physical Education, College of Human Kinetics, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Jacqueline F. Baltasar
- Department of Physical Education, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila City, Philippines
| | - Mona Liza A. Maghanoy
- Department of Sports Science, College of Human Kinetics, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Ralph Andrew A. Ramos
- Department of Sports Science, College of Human Kinetics, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Revin Aaron B. Santos
- Department of Sports Science, College of Human Kinetics, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
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Peralta LR, Cinelli RL, Cotton W, Morris S, Galy O, Caillaud C. The Barriers to and Facilitators of Physical Activity and Sport for Oceania with Non-European, Non-Asian (ONENA) Ancestry Children and Adolescents: A Mixed Studies Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:11554. [PMID: 36141832 PMCID: PMC9517198 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Participation in sport and physical activity (PA) leads to better overall health, increased life expectancy, and decreased mortality rates across the lifespan; however, there may be a range of individual, family, and community factors that influence PA participation among ONENA children and adolescents residing in the 22 Pacific Island Countries and Territories (PICT) and Australia. This review aimed to synthesise existing quantitative and qualitative literature regarding barriers to and facilitators of PA and sport among ONENA youth. METHODS The literature was systematically searched to include studies reporting barriers to and facilitators of PA and sports participation among ONENA children and adolescents aged 0-18 years residing in the 22 PICT and Australia. Using a pre-established taxonomy based on the social-ecological model, a deductive analysis was performed. Quality appraisal was performed using the mixed methods appraisal tool. RESULTS Of 1388 articles, 14 studies were included, with 128 ONENA children and adolescent participants across the four qualitative studies; 156,581 ONENA children and adolescents across the seven quantitative studies; 801 parents, children, and adolescents in one quantitative study; and 642 parents in two quantitative studies. Of the 14 included studies, none were based in Australia and only 10 of the 22 PICT were reported as the participants' residence: Palau, New Zealand, Tonga, Cook Islands, Kiribati, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, Vanuatu, and Fiji. Four studies reported barriers, and another four studies reported facilitators of PA and sport, with the remaining studies reporting both barriers and facilitators. Overall, there were more barriers reported (30 in total) than facilitators (27 in total). CONCLUSIONS Research in this area is lacking, with ONENA youth living in Australia and 12 PICT not represented. Overall, there were a larger number of facilitators experienced at individual and interpersonal levels, while barriers were highest at the community level, with the policy level having facilitators and barriers equally represented. Programs that offer PA and sport participation options with embedded SDT-informed strategies for all family members; that are accessible through existing transport and related social, cultural, and physical infrastructure; and that are committed to communities through formal co-design partnerships are needed, to enhance the PA and sport participation of ONENA youth residing in PICT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louisa R. Peralta
- School of Education and Social Work, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Renata L. Cinelli
- Faculty of Education and Arts, Australian Catholic University, Strathfield, NSW 2135, Australia
| | - Wayne Cotton
- School of Education and Social Work, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Sarah Morris
- Sydney Conservatorium of Music, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Olivier Galy
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory for Research in Education, University of New Caledonia, Nouméa 98800, New Caledonia
| | - Corinne Caillaud
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine & Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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28
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Does Regular Physical Activity Improve Personal Income? Empirical Evidence from China. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14173522. [PMID: 36079780 PMCID: PMC9460796 DOI: 10.3390/nu14173522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A lack of adequate exercise threatens human health, weakening human capital accumulation. The relationship between exercise and income has become the focus of attention in health economics. In terms of reducing body weight and improving physical fitness, diet and physical exercise are intertwined and become effective ways to shape a healthy state. Based on individual-level survey data from China, this study quantified the economic returns of habitual exercise behavior by using an endogenous switching regression model (ESRM) to eliminate selection bias. The study shows that (1) participants in the group with regular exercise behavior increased their income by 3.79% compared with those not exercising regularly; (2) for the group with no regular exercise behavior, regular exercise increased their income by 13.36% compared with those not exercising regularly. Additionally, empirical evidence shows that both drinking and smoking can significantly increase individual income, despite unhealthy habits. These results suggest that the habit of regular physical activity plays a vital role in increasing individual income and improving overall national health, and the effect of individual behavior on income is affected by national culture. The outcomes are empirical evidence for the Chinese government to promote Healthy China Action and support developing countries worldwide to enable habitual exercise, stimulating a policy of exercise behavior.
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Cross-Sectional Associations between Playing Sports or Electronic Games in Leisure Time and Life Satisfaction in 12-Year-Old Children from the European Union. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ 2022; 12:1050-1066. [PMID: 36005224 PMCID: PMC9407293 DOI: 10.3390/ejihpe12080075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Leisure time activities in childhood may have a crucial role in the development of subjective well-being. Nevertheless, more research is needed with cross-national samples concerning the differential effects of lifestyles on life satisfaction. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to analyze the associations between the frequency of playing sports/exercise or playing electronic games on life satisfaction in a sample of 12-year-old children from nine countries from the European Union. The data used in this publication come from the third wave of the Children’s Worlds project, an international survey of children’s lives and well-being whose administration started in 2017. The sample was composed of 10,626 children (50.9% boys) from Estonia, Belgium, Croatia, Hungary, Italy, Malta, Poland, Romania, and Spain. They completed the Student Life Satisfaction Scale and answered two questions to assess the frequency of playing sport or exercise, and the frequency of playing electronic games. The results indicated notable scores in life satisfaction in all participating countries. The results showed some differences between boys and girls, and among the countries, in the frequency of sport practice and electronic games in the leisure time, as well as in the overall level of life satisfaction. The results also underlined that sport practice had a greater positive effect on life satisfaction than the use of electronic games. Thus, this study highlights the need to design programs to promote sport practice in leisure time for 12-year-old children in Europe, in order to protect their subjective well-being.
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Benthroldo RS, Paravidino VB, Cunha DB, Mediano MFF, Sichieri R, Marques ES. Environment modification at school to promote physical activity among adolescents: a cluster randomized controlled trial. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE EPIDEMIOLOGIA 2022; 25:e220019. [PMID: 35894422 DOI: 10.1590/1980-549720220019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the effect of modifications of the school environment on physical activity in Brazilian adolescent students. METHODS Seven public schools in Duque de Caxias (Brazil) were randomized into control and intervention groups. The intervention group underwent modifications in the school environment (painting of hopscotch and school courts) and the provision of sports equipment (balls, basketball table, soccer goalpost, volleyball nets, and others) to stimulate physical activity. Additionally, footsteps towards the court and materials were painted, and a superhero character called Super Active was introduced. Total physical activity was measured using a validated questionnaire for adolescents. Generalized linear models were used to evaluate the effect of the intervention, adjusted by sex. RESULTS The sample consisted of 975 adolescents, with a mean age of 11.52 years (standard deviation - SD 1.43), and 56.7% were boys. After the one-month intervention, both groups' total physical activity time increased. The estimated changes from baseline were not different between the intervention and control groups (Δ=102.75 and Δ=99.76, respectively; p=0.52). CONCLUSION The painting, supply of equipment and other strategies to encourage physical activity in the school environment did not promote a positive effect on improving physical activity among adolescents. Future research is necessary to evaluate the effect of the intervention in the long-term period, particularly in other population contexts in middle-income countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raycauan Silva Benthroldo
- Universidade do Rio de Janeiro, Institute of Social Medicine, Department of Epidemiology - Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil
| | - Vitor Barreto Paravidino
- Universidade do Rio de Janeiro, Institute of Social Medicine, Department of Epidemiology - Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil.,Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Institute of Social Medicine, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Naval Academy, Brazilian Navy - Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil
| | - Diana Barbosa Cunha
- Universidade do Rio de Janeiro, Institute of Social Medicine, Department of Epidemiology - Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil
| | - Mauro Felippe Felix Mediano
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Disease - Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil
| | - Rosely Sichieri
- Universidade do Rio de Janeiro, Institute of Social Medicine, Department of Epidemiology - Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil
| | - Emanuele Souza Marques
- Universidade do Rio de Janeiro, Institute of Social Medicine, Department of Epidemiology - Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil
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Coledam DHC, Frotta BM, Ré AHN. General Versus Vocational Education in High School: Cross-Sectional Associations with Student's Health. THE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH 2022; 92:570-580. [PMID: 35259777 DOI: 10.1111/josh.13165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the present study was to analyze the association between course type and health among high school students. METHODS A cross-sectional study with 675 Brazilian high school students. The independent variable was course type (general or vocational) and dependent variables were health characteristics. All information was obtained by a self-report questionnaire and the following health characteristics were analyzed: mental health, physical activity, sedentary behavior, food consumption, daytime sleepiness, tobacco use, alcohol consumption, aggression, and musculoskeletal symptoms. The prevalence ratio (PR) was estimated by Poisson regression. RESULTS Vocational students presented a higher prevalence in 7 of the 20 mental health symptoms analyzed (PR = 1.21-1.64), daytime sleepiness (PR = 1.39-1.71), and musculoskeletal symptoms in neck, shoulders, low back, and knees (PR = 1.31-1.41), and a lower likelihood of being physically active (PR = 0.59-0.70). Conversely, vocational students showed lower sedentary behavior on TV and videogames during the week (PR = 0.35-0.46), consumption of snacks, cookies, and crackers (PR = 0.56-0.72), and experiences of aggression (PR = 0.13-0.17), all P < .05. CONCLUSIONS High school can affect students' health distinctly, indicating that intervention programs and health monitoring should be specific to course type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diogo Henrique Constantino Coledam
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of São Paulo-IFSP, 100 Zélia de Lima Rosa Boituva, São Paulo-SP, 18552252, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Marinho Frotta
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of São Paulo-IFSP, 100 Zélia de Lima Rosa Boituva, São Paulo-SP, 18552252, Brazil
| | - Alessandro Hervaldo Nicolai Ré
- School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo-USP, 1000 Arlindo Bettio, Vila Guaraciaba, São Paulo-SP, 03828000, Brazil
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Araujo RHO, Werneck AO, Barboza LL, Ramírez-Vélez R, Martins CML, Tassitano RM, Silva ECM, de Jesus GM, Matias TS, de Lima LRA, Brazo-Sayavera J, Silva DR. Prevalence and sociodemographic correlates of physical activity and sitting time among South American adolescents: a harmonized analysis of nationally representative cross-sectional surveys. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2022; 19:52. [PMID: 35527268 PMCID: PMC9080195 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-022-01291-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To identify the prevalence and sociodemographic correlates of different domains of physical activity (PA) and higher sitting time among South American adolescents. Methods Data from national surveys of 11 South American countries were analyzed, and comprised information on 166,901 adolescents. PA (≥ 60 min/day of moderate-vigorous PA), physical education classes (PEC) (≥ 3 classes/wk), active commuting to school (≥ 1 d/wk), and higher sitting time (≥ 3 h/d) were self-reported. Sociodemographic correlates, such as gender, age, and food security status were explored using a random effect meta-analysis for logistic parameters. Results Recommended PA ranged between 7.5% (Brazil) and 19.0% (Suriname). Peru (2.2%) and Guyana (43.1%) presented the lowest prevalence of PEC and active commuting to school, respectively. Higher sitting time was less prevalent in Bolivia (24.6%) and more prevalent in Argentina (55.6%). Compared to girls, boys were more prone to reach recommendations for PA [OR = 1.94(1.65;2.28)]; to reach ≥ 3 PEC [OR = 1.17(1.04;1.33)] and to be active in commuting to school [(OR = 1.14(1.06;1.23)], but less prone to higher sitting time [OR = 0.89(0.82;0.96)]. Older adolescents had less odds of reach PA guidelines [OR = 0.86(0.77; 0.97)] and accumulated higher sitting time [OR = 1.27(1.14;1.41)]. Adolescents with food insecurity reported more PEC [OR = 1.12(1.04;1.21)] and active commuting to school [OR = 1.12(1.02;1.22)] but had less higher sitting time than their food security pairs [OR = 0.89(0.81;0.98)]. Conclusions Few adolescents reach the PA recommendation. Actions aiming the promotion of PA and the reduction of sitting time must consider girls and older adolescents as target groups, as well as the specifics of each country. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12966-022-01291-3.
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Santos J, Ihle A, Peralta M, Domingos C, Gouveia ÉR, Ferrari G, Werneck A, Rodrigues F, Marques A. Associations of Physical Activity and Television Viewing With Depressive Symptoms of the European Adults. Front Public Health 2022; 9:799870. [PMID: 35096747 PMCID: PMC8790035 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.799870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: While mentally passive sedentary behavior such as television viewing (TV) is often related with depressive symptoms, some research shows that physical activity (PA) may attenuate this association. Thus, this study aimed to examine the associations between TV, PA, and depressive symptoms, considering sociodemographic covariates. Methods: A sample of 29,285 adults (13,943 men; 15,342 women) with a mean age of 50.9 ± 17.4 years (50.6 ± 17.3 men; 51.1 ± 17.5 women) from the European Social Survey agreed to be respondents for this study. Data for sociodemographic variables, TV watching, PA, and depressive symptoms were self-reported. Different statistical procedures were conducted to provide evidence for the association between study variables. ANCOVA was used to analyze the association between TV watching and depressive symptoms. Linear regression analysis was conducted to analyze the association between PA and depressive symptoms. General Linear Model was performed to analyze the association of TV watching and on depressive symptoms, controlling for PA. Results: European adults who responded watching more than 2 h per day showed higher scores for depressive symptoms. Higher participation in PA was negatively and significantly associated with depressive symptoms in men (β = −0.15, 95% CI: −0.18, −0.13), and women (β = −0.23, 95% CI: −0.26, −0.21). Men spending 1–2 h/day TV watching and engaging in PA ≥ 5 days/week presented the lowest scores on depressive symptoms. The lowest scores on depressive symptoms was observed in women engaging 2–4 days/week in PA and spending <1 h/day in TV watching. Conclusions: More time spent in TV watching is related with increased scores on depressive symptoms. However, regular PA participation can weaken this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Santos
- Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Andreas Ihle
- Center for the Interdisciplinary Study of Gerontology and Vulnerability, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Psychology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research LIVES-Overcoming Vulnerability: Life Course Perspectives, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Miguel Peralta
- CIPER, Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.,ISAMB, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Élvio R Gouveia
- Department of Psychology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Departamento de Educação Física e Desporto, Universidade da Madeira, Funchal, Portugal.,Interactive Technologies Institute, LARSyS, Funchal, Portugal
| | - Gerson Ferrari
- Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Escuela de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, el Deporte y la Salud, Santiago, Chile.,Laboratorio de Rendimiento Humano, Grupo de Estudio en Educación, Actividad Física y Salud (GEEAFyS), Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
| | - André Werneck
- School of Public Health, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Filipe Rodrigues
- Life Quality Research Centre, Rio Maior, Portugal.,ESECS - Polytechnic of Leiria, Leiria, Portugal
| | - Adilson Marques
- CIPER, Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.,ISAMB, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
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Ferrari G, Farías-Valenzuela C, Guzmán-Habinger J, Drenowatz C, Marques A, Kovalskys I, Gómez G, Rigotti A, Cortés LY, Yépez García MC, Pareja RG, Herrera-Cuenca M, Marconcin P, Chávez JL, Fisberg M. Relationship between socio-demographic correlates and human development index with physical activity and sedentary time in a cross-sectional multicenter study. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:669. [PMID: 35387627 PMCID: PMC8988325 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13117-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Socio-demographic correlates and human development index (HDI) are associated with self-reported physical activity, but only a few studies have focused on device-measured physical activity and sedentary time in Latin America. We examined the relationship between socio-demographic correlates and HDI with physical activity and sedentary time in a cross-sectional study. METHODS We based our analyses on 2522 (53.1% women; 18-65 years [mean age 38.3 years]) adults drawn from the eight Latin America countries. Physical activity (light, moderate, vigorous, and moderate-to-vigorous intensity and steps) and sedentary time were assessed using Actigraph GT3X + accelerometers. Sex, age, and race/ethnicity were self-reported. The HDI country information was obtained from the United Nations Development Program. RESULTS For the age, ethnicity, vigorous physical activity and steps/day, there were significant differences between high and very high HDI countries. Women and younger age presented lower sedentary time than men and older. In moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, we found lower duration in women (-13.4 min/week), younger age (-0.1 min/week), and white/caucasian (-2.7 min/week) than men, older ages and mixed ethnicity. Women (-1266.5 steps/week) and very high HDI (-847.3 steps/week) presented lower steps than men and high HDI. Black (2853.9 steps/week), other (1785.4 steps/week), and white/caucasian ethnicity (660.6 steps/week) showed higher steps than mixed ethnicity. CONCLUSIONS Different socio-demographic correlates are associated with physical activity intensity; however, HDI is associated with vigorous physical activity and steps in the Latin American region, which can in turn guide policies to promote physical activity in the region. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.Gov NCT02226627 . Retrospectively registered on August 27, 2014.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerson Ferrari
- Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Escuela de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, el Deporte y la Salud, Chile, Las Sophoras 175, Estación Central, Santiago, Chile. .,Laboratorio de Rendimiento Humano, Grupo de Estudio en Educación, Actividad Física y Salud (GEEAFyS), Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile.
| | | | - Juan Guzmán-Habinger
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile.,Facultad de Ciencias, Especialidad medicina del deporte y la actividad física, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Clemens Drenowatz
- Division of Sport, Physical Activity and Health, University of Education Upper Austria, Linz, Austria
| | - Adilson Marques
- CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,ISAMB, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Irina Kovalskys
- Carrera de Nutrición, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Georgina Gómez
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Escuela de Medicina, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Attilio Rigotti
- Centro de Nutrición Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas, Departamento de Nutrición, Diabetes y Metabolismo, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica, Santiago, Chile
| | - Lilia Yadira Cortés
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | | | - Marianella Herrera-Cuenca
- Centro de Estudios del Desarrollo, Universidad Central de Venezuela (CENDES-UCV)/Fundación Bengoa, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Priscila Marconcin
- CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Mauro Fisberg
- Centro de Excelencia em Nutrição e Dificuldades Alimentaes (CENDA), Instituto Pensi, Fundação José Luiz Egydio Setubal, Hospital Infantil Sabará, São Paulo, Brazil.,Departamento de Pediatria da Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Hopkins CS, Hopkins C, Kanny S, Watson A. A Systematic Review of Factors Associated with Sport Participation among Adolescent Females. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19063353. [PMID: 35329041 PMCID: PMC8950299 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19063353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Sport participation provides a direct means to attain health-enhancing physical activity; however, sport participation declines during adolescence, and over 85% of adolescent females fail to meet the recommended 60 min of moderate-vigorous physical activity daily. Given the importance of overcoming barriers to sport and increasing equity in women’s sports, the purpose of this systematic review was to identify factors associated with sport participation among adolescent girls and operationalize those factors into theoretical constructs to guide future research. Six databases were systematically searched, and 36 records were included for review. Factors impacting girls’ sport participation were categorized as personal, peer, family, socioeconomic, environmental, or other factors. Of these categories, personal factors, including self perceptions and desirable personal outcomes related to sport, were most frequently associated with sport participation. Most research on girls’ sport participation lacks theoretical framework, so to aid future studies, this review categorized important participatory factors into the constructs of the theory of planned behavior. Future research would benefit from theory-driven prospective approaches to make clear and consistent predictions about factors impacting sport participation, as well as mixed-method approaches aimed to provide more robust understanding of girls’ experiences with and perceptions of factors impacting their participation in sports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casey S. Hopkins
- School of Nursing, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA;
- Correspondence:
| | - Chris Hopkins
- Department of Health Sciences, Furman University, Greenville, SC 29613, USA;
| | - Samantha Kanny
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA;
| | - Amanda Watson
- School of Nursing, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA;
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36
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Manzano-Sánchez D, Palop-Montoro MV, Arteaga-Checa M, Valero-Valenzuela A. Analysis of Adolescent Physical Activity Levels and Their Relationship with Body Image and Nutritional Habits. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19053064. [PMID: 35270754 PMCID: PMC8910452 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19053064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The main objective of this research article was to make a cluster analysis in Compulsory Secondary Education students with regard to their physical activity levels, their relationship with nutritional habits and body perception. In this study, a total of 1089 students participated, to whom a battery of tests was given in order to assess three aspects: levels of physical activity, food consumption habits and perception of body image. The main results indicated that the adolescent sample presented high levels of physical activity in comparison with other studies. In addition, a profile analysis was carried out, showing that there were no differences in physical activity, in nutritional habits or in body-image index. Taking into account gender, women who practice light physical activity had better nutritional habits. On the other hand, boys dominated in the group of moderate-to-high physical activity, while the girls were mainly included in the profile of low physical activity. Finally, body-image index was greater in men than women. It was concluded that is necessary to promote the importance of adequate nutritional habits in addition to physical activity, and it is necessary to promote body image, particularly among adolescent girls, given their low values of physical activity and worse body-image perception in relation to boys.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Manzano-Sánchez
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain;
- Correspondence:
| | | | - Milagros Arteaga-Checa
- Grupo de Investigación CTS-1018 Physical Activity for Health Promotion, Faculty of Humanities and Education Sciences, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain;
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Materová E, Pelclová J, Gába A, Frömel K. Surveillance of physical activity and sedentary behaviour in czech children and adolescents: a scoping review of the literature from the past two decades. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:363. [PMID: 35189870 PMCID: PMC8859875 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-12766-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to map the available evidence related to physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour (SB) in Czech children and adolescents and suggest future directions and improvements to strengthen the surveillance of PA and SB in the Czech Republic. METHODS The search of articles published between January 2000 and December 2020 included the Medline and Medvik databases and a manual search in eight Czech journals related to the topic. This review followed the "Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews". RESULTS Out of 350 identified articles, 79 articles met the criteria for selection and referred to 27 studies. The majority of the articles were cross-sectional (89%), approximately two-thirds of the articles (61%) examined only PA, and half of the articles (51%) employed device-based assessments. Approximately 47% of the articles reported the prevalence of physical inactivity on the basis of inconsistently defined recommendations. Approximately 14%, 23%, and 10% of the articles focused on active transportation, organized PA (including physical education or leisure-time PA), and parent-child PA, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Future studies need to focus on longitudinal design and interventions, randomly selected samples, a mix of device-based and self-reported methods, and the recognition of health-related 24-hour time use patterns. This review advocates the government-supported development of a national surveillance system that will help to reduce insufficient PA and excessive SB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliška Materová
- Institute of Active Lifestyle, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, tř. Míru 117, 771 11 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Pelclová
- Institute of Active Lifestyle, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, tř. Míru 117, 771 11 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Gába
- Department of Natural Sciences in Kinathropology, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, tř. Míru 117, 771 11 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Frömel
- Institute of Active Lifestyle, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, tř. Míru 117, 771 11 Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Institute of Sport Sciences, the Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, Katowice, Poland
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Adaptation of the Behavioural Regulation in Active Commuting to School (BR-ACS) Questionnaire in Portuguese Youth. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:children9020182. [PMID: 35204902 PMCID: PMC8870428 DOI: 10.3390/children9020182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to translate and adapt the psychometric properties of the Behavioural Regulation in Active Commuting to School (BR-ACS) questionnaire to young Portuguese students. This study had two stages: (1) translation and adaptation of the questionnaire; (2) evaluation of the psychometric properties. A sample of 338 participants (212 female, 126 male) aged 11 to 19 years (Mage = 15.6 ± 2.1) from 31 cities and Madeira island participated in this study. The confirmatory factor analysis suggested an acceptable fit to the data for the first-order and third-order measurement models. The composite reliability values ranged from 0.71 (identified regulation) to 0.90 (integrated regulation), demonstrating internal consistency. The AVE values ranged from 0.40 (amotivation) to 0.69 (integrated regulation), demonstrating an acceptable convergent validity for all constructs. The model estimation had an acceptable fit, with values akin to those of the first-order tested model. Finally, the results of the multigroup analysis for the successive restricted models (CFI < 0.010 and RMSEA < 0.015) point out that the null hypothesis of factor invariance between gender cannot be rejected. The psychometric properties demonstrates the suitability of this questionnaire among Portuguese youths aged 11 to 19. This questionnaire will help understand the motivation aspects that underpin active commuting to school and consequently help to increase physical activity among Portuguese adolescents.
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Khan A, Khan S, Burton N. Insufficient physical activity and high sedentary behaviour are associated with loneliness in adolescents with overweight/obesity: Evidence from 23 low- and middle-income countries. Pediatr Obes 2022; 17:e12836. [PMID: 34313029 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Overweight and obesity among young people is a major concern with implications for social wellbeing. We aimed to evaluate the associations of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour (SB) with loneliness among adolescents with overweight/obesity. METHODS Data were used from the Global School-based Student Health Surveys, collected from 23 low-and-middle-income countries. RESULTS Of the 12,133 participants aged 12-17 years with overweight/obesity (48.4% girls), 12% were lonely, with a wide variation across countries ranging from 4% in Laos to 32% in Afghanistan. Overall, 31% had high SB (≥3 hours/day) and 86% were not sufficiently active (<7 days/week of ≥ 60 mins/day). High SB and insufficient PA were positively associated with loneliness (aOR 1.22, 95% CI 1.08-1.38, aOR 1.37, 95% CI 1.18-1.59, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Future research could examine the direction of these relationships and evaluate strategies to optimise these indicators of social wellbeing among adolescents with overweight/obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asaduzzaman Khan
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Shanchita Khan
- School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Nicola Burton
- School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Marconcin P, Werneck AO, Peralta M, Ihle A, Gouveia ÉR, Ferrari G, Sarmento H, Marques A. The association between physical activity and mental health during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:209. [PMID: 35101022 PMCID: PMC8803575 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-12590-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic affected countries worldwide and has changed peoples' lives. A reduction in physical activity and increased mental health problems were observed, mainly in the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, this systematic review aims to examine the association between physical activity and mental health during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS In July 2021, a search was applied to PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Eligibility criteria included cross-sectional, prospective, and longitudinal study designs and studies published in English; outcomes included physical activity and mental health (e.g., depressive symptoms, anxiety, positive and negative effects, well-being). RESULTS Thirty-one studies were included in this review. Overall, the studies suggested that higher physical activity is associated with higher well-being, quality of life as well as lower depressive symptoms, anxiety, and stress, independently of age. There was no consensus for the optimal physical activity level for mitigating negative mental symptoms, neither for the frequency nor for the type of physical activity. Women were more vulnerable to mental health changes and men were more susceptive to physical activity changes. CONCLUSION Physical activity has been a good and effective choice to mitigate the negative effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. Public health policies should alert for possibilities to increase physical activity during the stay-at-home order in many countries worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscila Marconcin
- KinesioLab, Research Unit in Human Movement Analysis, Insituto Piaget, Almada, Portugal.
- CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - André O Werneck
- Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Miguel Peralta
- CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- ISAMB, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Andreas Ihle
- Center for the Interdisciplinary Study of Gerontology and Vulnerability, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research LIVES - Overcoming vulnerability: Life course perspectives, Lausanne and Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Psychology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Élvio R Gouveia
- Universidade da Madeira, Funchal, Portugal
- Interactive Technologies Institute, LARSyS, Funchal, Portugal
| | - Gerson Ferrari
- Laboratorio de Rendimiento Humano, Grupo de Estudio en Educación, Actividad Física y Salud (GEEAFyS), Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
| | - Hugo Sarmento
- University of Coimbra, Research Unit for Sport and Physical Activity (CIDAF). Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Adilson Marques
- CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, São Paulo, Brazil
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Participation in Physical Education Classes and Health-Related Behaviours among Adolescents from 67 Countries. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19020955. [PMID: 35055777 PMCID: PMC8775417 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19020955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The present study sought to examine the associations between participation in physical education (PE) classes and a range of health-related behaviours among adolescents. Secondary analysis of self-reported data from the Global Student Health Survey, collected between 2010 and 2017 from 222,121 adolescents (N = 117,914 girls; 49.0%; aged 13–17 years) from 67 countries and five world regions, was carried out. Participation in PE classes (0, 1–2, ≥3 days/week) was the independent variable. Physical activity (PA); sedentary behaviour (SB); active travel to school; fruit, vegetables, and alcohol consumption; and smoking; as well as adopting ≥5 of these healthy behaviours; were the dependent variables. Complex samples logistic regressions were performed to explore the associations between participation in PE classes and health-related behaviours. The results revealed that 18.2% of adolescents did not take part in PE classes. A total of 56.7% and 25.1% of adolescents reported participating in PE classes on 1–2 and ≥3 days/week, respectively. Only 26.8% of adolescents adopted ≥5 healthy behaviours. Participation in PE classes was positively associated with PA, active travel, fruit consumption, and vegetable consumption (only for ≥3 days/week), but was negatively associated with meeting SB recommendations, and with not smoking (only for girls and ≥3 days/week). Overall, PE participation was positively associated with adopting ≥5 healthy behaviours, with favourable results found for those who attended more PE classes. The findings revealed a positive association between participation in PE classes and a range of health-related behaviours among adolescents. This suggests that, worldwide, quality PE should be delivered at least 3 days per week up to daily to promote healthy lifestyles among adolescents.
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Translation and Validation of the Basic Psychological Need Satisfaction in Active Commuting to and from School (BPNS-ACS) Scale in Young Portuguese Students. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182413091. [PMID: 34948701 PMCID: PMC8701018 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182413091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Active commuting to and from school (ACS) is a strategy to enhance physical activity levels in youths. To promote ACS, it is important to understand the factors that lead to this behaviour. With this in mind, an adaptation of the Basic Psychological Needs in Exercise Scale for ACS was developed, named the Basic Psychological Need Satisfaction in Active Commuting to and from School (BPNS-ACS) scale. This study aimed to translate and evaluate the psychometric properties of the BPNS-ACS scale in young Portuguese students. A cross-sectional study was designed. A total of 338 students (212 girls, 126 boys), aged between 11 and 19 years old from 31 Portuguese cities participated in this study. To provide validity evidence based on the questionnaire’s internal structure, confirmatory factor analyses were performed to test the three dimensions of the BNPS-ACS scale. The results of the confirmatory factor analysis indicated an acceptable fit to the data. The internal consistency of the measures was accepted as the composite reliability values ranged from 0.78 to 0.94. The evaluation of psychometric properties provided evidence of the adequacy of this questionnaire among Portuguese youth aged 11 to 19 years old.
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Mateo-Orcajada A, Abenza-Cano L, Vaquero-Cristóbal R, Martínez-Castro SM, Leiva-Arcas A, Gallardo-Guerrero AM, Sánchez-Pato A. Gender Stereotypes among Teachers and Trainers Working with Adolescents. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182412964. [PMID: 34948574 DOI: 10.3390/su132111863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Previous scientific literature has not determined the influence exerted by trainers and teachers of adolescents on the development of gender stereotypes in sport. For this reason, the aims of the present research were to establish differences in gender stereotypes in sport among teachers and trainers as a function of profession and sex and to analyze the influence of age and years of experience of male and female trainers and teachers on the gender stereotypes in sport. For this purpose, 127 teachers and trainers completed the questionnaire "gender beliefs and stereotypes towards physical activity and sport". The results showed a significantly higher score of the teachers in "beliefs about physical activity and gender" (p = 0.048) and of the trainers in "physical education classes and gender" (p = 0.006). Concerning sex, women showed higher scores in "sport and gender" (p = 0.005), and men in "beliefs about physical activity and gender" (p = 0.045). Regarding covariates, age showed significant differences in "sport and gender" (p = 0.029), with female teachers showing higher values with respect to female trainers and male teachers, while years of experience showed differences in "beliefs about sport and gender" (p = 0.044), with male teachers showing higher values than male trainers and female teachers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Mateo-Orcajada
- Faculty of Sport, Catholic University San Antonio of Murcia (UCAM), 135, 30107 Murcia, Spain
| | - Lucía Abenza-Cano
- Faculty of Sport, Catholic University San Antonio of Murcia (UCAM), 135, 30107 Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Sonia M Martínez-Castro
- Faculty of Social Sciences and Communication, Catholic University San Antonio of Murcia (UCAM), 135, 30107 Murcia, Spain
| | - Alejandro Leiva-Arcas
- Faculty of Sport, Catholic University San Antonio of Murcia (UCAM), 135, 30107 Murcia, Spain
- Olympic Games Center, Catholic University San Antonio of Murcia (UCAM), 135, 30107 Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Antonio Sánchez-Pato
- Faculty of Sport, Catholic University San Antonio of Murcia (UCAM), 135, 30107 Murcia, Spain
- Olympic Games Center, Catholic University San Antonio of Murcia (UCAM), 135, 30107 Murcia, Spain
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Motivation and Perceived Motivational Climate by Adolescents in Face-to-Face Physical Education during the COVID-19 Pandemic. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su132313051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic impacted adolescents’ lives, leading to unprecedented changes in their routines, especially in education. Face-to-face physical education (PE) classes during COVID-19 were affected in organization, possibly conditioning students’ participation, motivation and learning. Based on the achievement goal and self-determination theories, the aim of this study was to analyze and compare the motivational indicators of adolescents in face-to-face PE classes during COVID-19, according to gender, educational level and physical activity (PA). A total of 1369 students participated in the study (621 boys and 748 girls; mean age: 14.4 years; SD: 1.74). Data were collected via an online questionnaire and analyzed using MANCOVAs adjusted for age, pre- and post-COVID-19 PA, socioeconomic status and BMI (Z-score). Differences in achievement goals, motivational climate and motivational regulation levels were found in different groups by gender, PA and educational level, favoring older and more active participants. A more positive motivational profile was found for girls in general and, specifically, for active boys, regarding more self-determined motivations and mastery goal orientations. Overall, this study’s findings suggest that the restrictions related to face-to-face PE classes during the COVID-19 pandemic had a negative impact on students’ motivation.
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Tian X, Fu J, Tian J, Yang Y, Liang W, Fan W, Zhao R. The Efficacy of Brief School-Based Exercise Programs in Improving Pubertal Bone Mass and Physical Fitness: A Randomized Controlled Trial. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:9648. [PMID: 34574572 PMCID: PMC8472274 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18189648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine the effects of three types of school-based exercises on bone health and physical fitness function in Chinese boys and girls. METHODS One hundred and seventy-four Chinese boys and girls were randomly assigned into four groups: (1) sham exercise (ShEx); (2) high-impact exercise (HiEx); (3) high-impact exercise with various directions (HiExVi); and (4) high-intensity interval exercise (HiInEx). Speed of sound (SOS) and physical fitness parameters were determined before and after six-month intervention. RESULTS At the end of six-month intervention, participants in all groups show an increment of SOS compared with the baseline (p < 0.05), and the changes were higher in HiEx (mean: 38.878 m/s, 95% CI: 32.885~44.872, p = 0.001) and HiExVi groups (49.317 m/s, 42.737~55.897, p < 0.001) compared with ShEx group (20.049 m/s, 13.751~26.346). Six-month exercise training generated a reduction of percent of body fat (PBF) and waist-hip ratio (WHR) (p < 0.05). The decrease of PBF was greater in HiExVi (-1.222%, -1.820~-0.624, p = 0.012) and HiInEx groups (-1.395%, -1.809~-0.982, p = 0.003), whereas the reduction of WHR was larger in HiEx (-0.026, -0.039~-0.014, p = 0.009), HiExVi (-0.024, -0.036~-0.012, p = 0.021), and HiInEx groups (-0.035, -0.046~-0.024, p < 0.001) compared with ShEx group. Balance function (BLF), vital capacity (VC), standing long jump (SLJ), and sit up (SU) increased in all intervention groups (p < 0.05). The BLF increased in HiEx (6.332 s, 4.136~8.528, p = 0.001), HiExVi (10.489 s, 8.934~12.045, p < 0.001), and HiInEx groups (9.103 s, 7.430~10.776, p < 0.001) showed a greater change than that of ShEx group (1.727 s, 0.684~2.770). The increment of VC (273.049 mL, 199.510~346.587, p < 0.001) and SU (2.537 times/min, 0.639~4.435, p = 0.017) was higher in HiInEx group, whereas the accrual in SLJ was larger in HiExVi (7.488 cm, 4.936~10.040, p = 0.007) compared with ShEx group (58.902 mL, 7.990~109.814; -0.463 times/min, -2.003~1.077; 1.488 cm, -0.654~3.630). CONCLUSION The brief school-based exercises were effective in improving schoolchildren's health, but they showed different effects, with HiEx mostly improving bone health, HiInEx largely benefiting physical fitness function, and HiExVi enhancing both bone and physical fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jian Fu
- College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China; (X.T.); (J.T.); (Y.Y.); (W.L.); (W.F.)
| | | | | | | | | | - Renqing Zhao
- College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China; (X.T.); (J.T.); (Y.Y.); (W.L.); (W.F.)
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Zhan X, Clark CCT, Bao R, Duncan M, Hong JT, Chen ST. Association between physical education classes and physical activity among 187,386 adolescents aged 13-17 years from 50 low- and middle-income countries. J Pediatr (Rio J) 2021; 97:571-578. [PMID: 33556333 PMCID: PMC9432058 DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2020.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine the association between physical education classes and PA among adolescents from 50 low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). METHODS A self-reported questionnaire from the Global School-based Student Survey (GSHS) was used to collect information on participation frequency of physical education classes and being physically active over the last week, as well as other control variables (e.g., sex, age, country, sedentary behavior). Multivariable logistic regression and a pooled meta-analysis were performed to explore the association and compared country-wise differences. RESULTS Included adolescents aged from 13 to 17 years (n=187,386, %boys=51.7; mean age=14.6 years), the prevalence of sufficient PA (meeting the PA guidelines) was 14.9%. The prevalence of 5 days or more to engage in physical education classes was 16.5%. Compared with adolescents who had 0 days for physical education classes, higher participation frequency was more likely related to sufficient PA (OR: 1 day=1.34, 2 days=1.66, 3 days=1.67, 4 days=1.79, 5 days or more=2.46), these findings were also observed in both sexes. A moderate inconsistency on the association across the included countries was found (I2=53%, p<0.01), although the pooled OR was 1.50 (95% CI: 1.36-1.65). CONCLUSIONS Participating in more physical education classes may be an effective approach to increase physical activity levels among adolescents in LMICs. However, promoting physical activity levels among adolescents in LMICs through physical education classes should consider more country-specific factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuzhi Zhan
- School of Physical Education and Humanity, Nanjing Sport Institute, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cain C T Clark
- Centre for Intelligent Healthcare, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Ran Bao
- School of Physical Education and Sports Training, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Micheal Duncan
- Centre for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Jin-Tao Hong
- Shanghai Research Institute of Sports Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Si-Tong Chen
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia.
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Brazo-Sayavera J, Aubert S, Barnes JD, González SA, Tremblay MS. Gender differences in physical activity and sedentary behavior: Results from over 200,000 Latin-American children and adolescents. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0255353. [PMID: 34383803 PMCID: PMC8360534 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0255353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
More physical activity and less sedentary behavior is beneficial for children and adolescents. Worldwide, gender differences are >8% favorable for men and the Latin-American region presents an even higher level of insufficient physical activity among women, with a lack of information in young population. Thus, the aim of the current study was to describe the gender differences in physical activity and recreational sedentary behavior in children and adolescents from Latin-American countries. The targeted age range was 5 to 17 years and included 219,803 participants (106,698 boys and 113,105 girls) from 33 out of 47 Latin-American countries identified. Physical activity guidelines from the World Health Organization (≥60 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity seven days of the week) and <3 hours recreational sedentary behavior daily were the references. In general, boys showed a higher prevalence of meeting physical activity guidelines in comparison with girls. A higher proportion of girls met the <3 hours recreational sedentary behavior cut-point in only ten countries. Thirty percent of the identified countries had no available data. The majority had data from the Global School-based Student Health Survey with data principally on adolescents and only 11/33 countries reported data in the last 5-year period. In conclusion, gender differences in the compliance with physical activity guidelines and the <3 hours recreational sedentary behavior cut-point are evident among children and adolescents from Latin-American countries, with boys being more active than girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Brazo-Sayavera
- PDU EFISAL, Centro Universitario Regional Noreste, Universidad de la República, Rivera, Uruguay
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, CHEO Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail:
| | - Salomé Aubert
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, CHEO Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Joel D. Barnes
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, CHEO Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Silvia A. González
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, CHEO Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mark S. Tremblay
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, CHEO Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Aubert S, Brazo-Sayavera J, González SA, Janssen I, Manyanga T, Oyeyemi AL, Picard P, Sherar LB, Turner E, Tremblay MS. Global prevalence of physical activity for children and adolescents; inconsistencies, research gaps, and recommendations: a narrative review. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2021; 18:81. [PMID: 34187486 PMCID: PMC8243483 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-021-01155-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the strategic actions identified in the Global Action Plan on Physical Activity (PA) 2018-2030 is the enhancement of data systems and capabilities at national levels to support regular population surveillance of PA. Although national and international standardized surveillance of PA among children and adolescents has increased in recent years, challenges for the global surveillance of PA persist. The aims of this paper were to: (i) review, compare, and discuss the methodological inconsistencies in children and adolescents' physical activity prevalence estimates from intercontinental physical activity surveillance initiatives; (ii) identify methodological limitations, surveillance and research gaps. METHODS Intercontinental physical activity surveillance initiatives for children and adolescents were identified by experts and through non-systematic literature searches. Prevalence of meeting PA guidelines by country, gender, and age were extracted when available. A tool was created to assess the quality of the included initiatives. Methods and PA prevalence were compared across data/studies and against the methodological/validity/translation differences. RESULTS Eight intercontinental initiatives were identified as meeting the selection criteria. Methods and PA definition inconsistencies across and within included initiatives were observed, resulting in different estimated national prevalence of PA, and initiatives contradicting each other's cross-country comparisons. Three findings were consistent across all eight initiatives: insufficient level of PA of children and adolescents across the world; lower levels of PA among girls; and attenuation of PA levels with age. Resource-limited countries, younger children, children and adolescents not attending school, with disability or chronic conditions, and from rural areas were generally under/not represented. CONCLUSIONS There are substantial inconsistencies across/within included initiatives, resulting in varying estimates of the PA situation of children and adolescents at the global, regional and national levels. The development of a new PA measurement instrument that would be globally accepted and harmonized is a global health priority to help improve the accuracy and reliability of global surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salomé Aubert
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, CHEO Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario Canada
| | - Javier Brazo-Sayavera
- PDU EFISAL, Centro Universitario Regional Noreste, Universidad de la República, Rivera, Uruguay
- Department of Sports and Computer Science, Universidad Pablo de Olavide (UPO), ES-41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Silvia A. González
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, CHEO Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario Canada
| | - Ian Janssen
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, and Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario Canada
| | - Taru Manyanga
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario Canada
| | - Adewale L. Oyeyemi
- Department of Physiotherapy, College of Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria
| | - Patrick Picard
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, CHEO Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario Canada
| | - Lauren B. Sherar
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Evan Turner
- Centre for Global Child Health and SickKids Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario Canada
| | - Mark S. Tremblay
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, CHEO Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario Canada
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Martins J, Costa J, Sarmento H, Marques A, Farias C, Onofre M, Valeiro MG. Adolescents' Perspectives on the Barriers and Facilitators of Physical Activity: An Updated Systematic Review of Qualitative Studies. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:4954. [PMID: 34066596 PMCID: PMC8125166 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18094954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Listening to adolescents' voices has been important to promote meaningful physical activity (PA) opportunities. Therefore, an updated systematic review of the available qualitative literature on adolescents' perspectives on the barriers and facilitators of PA was conducted, according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Studies published between 2014 (date of the last systematic review) and 2020 were searched in the Web of Science, EBSCO, and SCOPUS databases. Based on the inclusion criteria applied, 30 out of 8069 studies were included in the review. A thematic analysis was used to inductively and deductively analyze the perspectives of ~1250 adolescents (13-18 years). The studies took place in 13 countries from different continents. The main PA barriers and facilitators of PA were presented and discussed around five higher-order themes: (1) Individual factors (e.g., psychological-motivation, self-efficacy; cognitive-knowledge, understanding; physical-motor skills); (2) social and relational factors (family, friends, significant others); (3) PA nature factors (fun, school-based PA and physical education); (4) life factors (time and competing activities; life-course); and (5) sociocultural and environmental factors (e.g., availability/access to PA facilities, programs; urban/rural zones). By transnationally framing adolescents' voices, this study provides updated evidence and discusses innovative implications for developing tailored interventions and pedagogical strategies aimed at promoting active and healthy lifestyles.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Martins
- Centro de Estudos de Educação, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana e UIDEF, Instituto de Educação, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-004 Lisboa, Portugal; (J.M.); (M.O.)
- Facultad de Ciencias del Deporte y la Educación Física, Universidad de A Coruña, 15001 A Coruña, Spain;
- ISAMB, University of Lisbon, 1649-004 Lisboa, Portugal
- CIPER, Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon, 1649-004 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - João Costa
- Sports Studies and Physical Education Programme, School of Education, University College Cork, T12 YN60 Cork, Ireland;
| | - Hugo Sarmento
- Research Unit for Sport and Physical Activity (CIDAF), Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, Estádio Universitário de Coimbra, University of Coimbra, 3040-256 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Adilson Marques
- ISAMB, University of Lisbon, 1649-004 Lisboa, Portugal
- CIPER, Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon, 1649-004 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Cláudio Farias
- Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Rua Doutor Plácido Costa, 91, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal;
- Centre of Research, Education, Innovation, and Intervention in Sport (CIFI2D), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Rua Doutor Plácido Costa, 91, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
| | - Marcos Onofre
- Centro de Estudos de Educação, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana e UIDEF, Instituto de Educação, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-004 Lisboa, Portugal; (J.M.); (M.O.)
| | - Miguel González Valeiro
- Facultad de Ciencias del Deporte y la Educación Física, Universidad de A Coruña, 15001 A Coruña, Spain;
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50
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Peralta M, Santos DA, Henriques-Neto D, Ferrari G, Sarmento H, Marques A. Promoting Health-Related Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Physical Education: The Role of Class Intensity and Habitual Physical Activity. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17186852. [PMID: 32961730 PMCID: PMC7559915 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Physical education (PE) has the potential to promote health-related fitness, however, its contribution is still not clear. The aim of this study was to assess whether students’ health-related cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) improved from the beginning to the end of the school year, and to examine the role of PE class intensity and habitual physical activity (PA) in promoting students’ CRF. This observational study employed a longitudinal design. Participants were 212 7th and 8th grade students (105 boys), mean age 12.9 years old, followed during one school year, from September 2017 to June 2018. The Progressive Aerobic Cardiovascular Endurance Run (PACER) was used to assess CRF at baseline and follow-up. PA was measured using accelerometers. PE class intensity was assessed using the System for Observing Fitness Instruction Time. Findings indicated that from the beginning to the end of the school year, a greater percentage of participants were in the CRF healthy fitness zone (73.1% to 79.7%, p = 0.022). Among boys, participating in organized sports (B = 4.61, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.33, 8.88) and the percentage of PE time being very active (B = 0.90, 95% CI: 0.44, 1.35) were positively associated with the change in PACER laps. Among girls, daily vigorous PA (B = 0.38, 95% CI: 0.15, 0.60) and participating in organized sports (B = 4.10, 95% CI: 0.93, 7.27) were also positively associated with PACER change, while being overweight or obese (B = −5.11, 95% CI: −8.28, −1.93) was negatively associated. In conclusion, PE was demonstrated to have a positive role in the promotion of CRF, especially among boys, while for girls, habitual PA seems to have a greater contribution. Nevertheless, results and conclusions should be considered carefully, taking into account study limitations, such as the non-direct measures of PE class intensity, CRF, and school setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Peralta
- CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, 1499-002 Lisbon, Portugal; (M.P.); (D.A.S.); (D.H.-N.)
- ISAMB, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Diana A. Santos
- CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, 1499-002 Lisbon, Portugal; (M.P.); (D.A.S.); (D.H.-N.)
| | - Duarte Henriques-Neto
- CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, 1499-002 Lisbon, Portugal; (M.P.); (D.A.S.); (D.H.-N.)
| | - Gerson Ferrari
- Laboratorio de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, el Deporte y la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, 7500618 Santiago, Chile;
| | - Hugo Sarmento
- Research Unit for Sport and Physical Activity, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Coimbra, 3040-156 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Adilson Marques
- CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, 1499-002 Lisbon, Portugal; (M.P.); (D.A.S.); (D.H.-N.)
- ISAMB, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +35-12-1414-9100
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