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Md Bukhori AB, Ja’afar MH. Internet addiction among adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic: Associations with sociodemographic and psychological distress. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17489. [PMID: 38952988 PMCID: PMC11216186 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic has had tremendous implications for billions of adolescents worldwide due to school closures, forcing students to embrace internet usage for daily tasks. Uncontrolled use of the internet among adolescents makes them vulnerable to internet addiction (IA). This study aims to determine the prevalence of IA among adolescents and assess its association with sociodemographic factors, smartphone use, and psychological distress during the pandemic. Method A cross-sectional self-administered online survey was conducted among students aged 13-17 from May 15th, 2021, until May 30th, 2021, using the Malay version of the Internet Addiction Test (MVIAT), the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21), and the Coronavirus Impacts Questionnaires, as well as a sociodemographic information form. The data was analyzed with IBM SPSS Statistics version 23. Results A total of 420 adolescents participated in the survey. The majority of them (70.7%) were female, with a mean age of 15.47 years (±1.49 years old). About 45.5% of the respondents were classified as internet addicted users. The Chi-square test analysis showed that age (p = 0.002), smartphone usage (p = 0.010), rate of midnight use (p < 0.001), frequency (p < 0.001), duration (p < 0.001) of device usage, and presence of depression, anxiety, and stress (p < 0.001) were all significantly associated with IA. Multiple logistic regression showed age (aOR = 1.16, 95% CI [1.00-1.35], p = 0.048), smartphone usage (aOR =3.52, 95% CI [1.43-8.67], p = 0.006), mild or moderate depression (aOR = 2.43, 95% CI [1.36-4.34], p = 0.003), severe or extremely severe stress (aOR = 6.41, 95% CI [2.18-18.82], p = 0.001) were significantly related to IA. Conclusions Late adolescence, the use of smartphones, and the presence of psychological distress like depression, and stress were potentially associated with IA. Wise use of smartphones and early identification of any psychological distress among adolescents are warranted, especially during the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohd Hasni Ja’afar
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Latifian M, Aarabi MA, Esmaeili S, Abdi K, Raheb G. The role of internet addiction and academic resilience in predicting the mental health of high school students in Tehran. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:420. [PMID: 38834960 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05853-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization defines mental health as a combination of two dimensions: the negative dimension, or negative mental health, which indicates the presence of mental disorders, symptoms, and problems, and the positive dimension, or positive mental health, which includes emotions and positive personal characteristics such as self-esteem, resilience against environmental challenges, a sense of integrity, and self-efficacy. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of internet addiction and academic resilience in predicting the mental health of high school students in Tehran, Iran. METHOD The research method employed was a survey. 758 people participated in the study, and the samples consisted of high school students in Tehran during the academic year 2022-2023. The process of collecting information was carried out by distributing the questionnaire link through virtual networks and schools. The research utilized Young's Internet Addiction Test, Samuels' Academic Resilience Inventory, and Goldberg's Mental Health Questionnaire as the research tools. Statistical tests, including Pearson's correlation and multiple regression analysis, were employed to investigate the relationships between variables. RESULT The effect of internet addiction on mental health (ß=0.39) is negative and significant at the 0.001 level, while the effect of academic resilience on mental health (ß=0.66) is positive and significant at the 0.001 level. These two variables collectively predict 53% of the variance in students' mental health. This indicates that as internet addiction increases among students, their mental health significantly decreases, whereas higher levels of academic resilience correspond to higher mental health. CONCLUSIONS This study has elucidated the role of internet addiction and academic resilience in predicting the mental health of high school students in Tehran. Given the significance of adolescent mental health, it is imperative for healthcare professionals and other stakeholders to develop intervention and prevention models to address mental health crises and plan for the enhancement of adolescent mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Latifian
- Substance Abuse and Dependence Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mahta Alsadat Aarabi
- Department of Counselling, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Sahar Esmaeili
- Faculty of Social Work, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Kianoush Abdi
- Department of Rehabilitation Management, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghoncheh Raheb
- Substance Abuse and Dependence Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Liu Q, Ouyang L, Fan L, Liao A, Li Z, Chen X, Yuan L, He Y. Association between childhood trauma and Internet gaming disorder: a moderated mediation analysis with depression as a mediator and psychological resilience as a moderator. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:412. [PMID: 38834952 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05863-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effect of childhood trauma on Internet gaming disorder remains unclear. In this study, we examined this association in Chinese students and explored the possible associated roles of psychological resilience and depression. METHODS In total, 8,579 students from Hunan Province, China, provided information regarding their sociodemographic factors, history of childhood trauma, any symptoms of depression, psychological resilience, and characteristics of Internet gaming disorder for this cross-sectional study. The impact of childhood trauma on Internet gaming disorder, as well as the extent to which it was mediated by depression and moderated by psychological resilience was evaluated. RESULTS The influence of childhood trauma on Internet gaming disorder was partially mediated by depression (B = 0.07, 95% CI [0.04, 0.05], p < 0.001), with psychological resilience acting as a mitigating factor (B = -0.002, 95% CI [13.74, 21.72], p < 0.001). Psychological resilience also moderated the association between childhood trauma and depression (B = - 0.003, 95% CI [22.17, 28.10], p < 0.001). Our moderated mediation model elucidated psychosocial mechanisms, revealing the underlying link between childhood trauma and Internet gaming disorder. It also demonstrated the partial mediating role of depression and modulating role of psychological resilience among Chinese students. CONCLUSIONS Education and interventions, along with effective social support, should be provided to enhance students' psychological resilience and prevent childhood trauma and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, National Center for Mental Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Lijun Ouyang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Center for Mental Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Lejia Fan
- Department of Psychiatry, National Center for Mental Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Aijun Liao
- Department of Psychiatry, National Center for Mental Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Zongchang Li
- Department of Psychiatry, National Center for Mental Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Xiaogang Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, National Center for Mental Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Liu Yuan
- Department of Psychiatry, National Center for Mental Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Ying He
- Department of Psychiatry, National Center for Mental Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China.
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, China National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China.
- The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No.139, Renmin Rd, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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Çunkuş Köktaş N, Keskin G, Taşdemir Yiğitoğlu G. Evaluation of Internet Addiction and Relational Variables Among Nursing Students in Turkey During the COVID-19 Pandemic. HEALTH EDUCATION & BEHAVIOR 2024; 51:388-399. [PMID: 38345029 DOI: 10.1177/10901981241230497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2024]
Abstract
It is known that individuals use the internet more to escape from the psychological problems they encounter in daily life during the pandemic. Besides, it is also known that individuals with personality traits such as neuroticism and extraversion might be prone to internet addiction due to poor communication skills. It is important to determine the relationship between the internet usage characteristics and the mental state of nursing students so that students can provide better quality health services in their education and professional processes. The present study aimed to determine the relationship between internet addiction and personality traits, stress, and obsessive-compulsive symptoms among nursing students during the pandemic. This study includes 528 nursing students. The Young's Internet Addiction Test (YIAT), the Vancouver Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (VOCI), the Eysenck Personality Inventory (EPI), and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) were used for data collection between August and October 2021. It was found that there was a statistically significant and positive correlation between the students' YIAT mean scores and the EPI neuroticism sub-dimension, VOCI all sub-dimensions, and PSS mean scores (p < .05). In addition, the mean scores of the PSS and EPI were predictors of the YIAT total score (R = .550, R2 = .233, p < .05). Considering these results, it is necessary to prevent the negative effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the psychosocial health of individuals. Psychological counseling can be offered to provide protective factors during the pandemic period.
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Narayanappa P, Nirgude A, Nattala P, Philip M, Subramanian K. Prevalence and Predictors of Internet Addiction Among Adolescents Before the First Wave of COVID-19 Lockdown in India. Cureus 2024; 16:e59803. [PMID: 38846246 PMCID: PMC11155426 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.59803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Internet dependency behavior was found to be prevalent among adolescents even before the first wave of COVID-19 lockdowns across the world including India. Adolescent users develop Internet addiction due to various risk factors. Aim The aim is to measure the prevalence and psychosocial predictors of internet addiction among adolescents before the first wave of the COVID-19 lockdown in India. Methods A cross-sectional, descriptive study before the first wave of the COVID-19 lockdown, included 1199 adolescents of both genders, aged 11 to 19 years, at selected educational settings from a city in south India, by using Young's Internet addiction test (IAT)-20 and structured questioner. Results The study found almost all the participants (100%) were using the internet in a day and the highest number of subjects started using the internet during their 6th standard of education (13%). Before the first wave of COVID-19 lockdown, the prevalence of a total of mild, moderate, and severe forms of internet addiction among adolescents was 65%. Individual, family, and community-related risk factors were found significant association with Internet addiction. The age of 14-16 years (OR 2.050, p= 0.000), duration of internet use in a day (OR 0.740, p= 0.064), financial matters (OR 0.981, p=0.016), total internet addiction score (OR 1.03, p=0.035) and timings of internet use (OR 1.161, p=0.004), were significant predictors of Internet addiction. Conclusion Internet addiction was prevalent and a notable behavior addiction among adolescents during the margin time of pre-pandemic and the first wave of the COVID-19 lockdown in India. The study highlighted many significant psychosocial risk factors and predictors of Internet Addiction in adolescents, thus the need for a panoramic approach to identify internet addiction in adolescents, to bring the modest behavior of healthy use of the internet in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poornima Narayanappa
- College of Nursing, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, IND
| | - Abhay Nirgude
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Yenepoya Medical College, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, IND
| | - Prasanthi Nattala
- Department of Nursing, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, IND
| | - Mariyamma Philip
- Department of Biostatistics, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, IND
| | - Karthick Subramanian
- Department of Psychiatry, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pondicherry, IND
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Pjevac A, Safiye T, Mahmutovic E, Milidrag A, Radlovic A, Rajkovic Z, Milosavljevic S, Gogic A, Jovanovic M. Factors Related to Internet Addiction in Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 53:1104-1114. [PMID: 38912145 PMCID: PMC11188647 DOI: 10.18502/ijph.v53i5.15592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Background The term "internet addiction" (IA) describes a compulsive behavior associated with any online activity that disrupts everyday social interactions. Main aim of this research was to determine variables and development predictors of Internet addiction. Methods A total of 1,669 respondents participated in this research; 1,040 of them (62.3%) were female, 590 (35.4%) were male, and 39 (2.3%) did not want to declare their gender. The average age of the respondents was 15.09±1.757. Data were collected using an online form consisted of demographic data, questions related to the use of the Internet, the Internet Addiction Scale, and the Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris, and San Diego-auto questionnaire version (TEMPS-A) for adolescents. Results The relationship between Internet addiction and age, addictive substance use frequency, purpose, time spent on the internet, and type of temperament has been proven. Analysis results indicate that the risk of developing internet addiction is higher if an adolescent spends 1-3 hours and more than 3 hours daily (2.8 and 8.2 times, respectively). Increasing age numbers for 1 unit (year), the risk of internet addiction developing is decreasing by 11.3%. Hyperthymic temperament type decreases the risk of 70.9% of internet addiction developing. Conclusion It is important to highlight importance of our results since practitioners can utilize our findings to create targeted treatments and prevent internet addiction in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Pjevac
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Teodora Safiye
- Department of Psychology, State University of Novi Pazar, Novi Pazar, Serbia
| | - Elvis Mahmutovic
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, State University of Novi Pazar, Novi Pazar, Serbia
| | - Ardea Milidrag
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Aleksandar Radlovic
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Zaklina Rajkovic
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Sonja Milosavljevic
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Andjela Gogic
- Department of Medical Statistics and Informatics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Mirjana Jovanovic
- Psychiatric Clinic, University Clinical Hospital Center of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
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Pan Q, Fu W, Zhang Y. Exploring the relationship between coping styles and well-being among Chinese university students: A longitudinal study based on the transactional stress model. Appl Psychol Health Well Being 2024. [PMID: 38622051 DOI: 10.1111/aphw.12543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, university students were exposed to increased stress, which significantly affected their well-being. This study examines the coping mechanisms employed by Chinese university students during this crisis, with a particular focus on the potential protective role of coping flexibility in maintaining their well-being. Using the transactional stress model and the dual-process theory of coping flexibility, this longitudinal study analyzed the responses of 206 Chinese university students at three measurement points in late 2022. The findings suggest that disruptions in daily life during the pandemic likely led students to engage in problematic internet use as a coping strategy, which subsequently led to reduced well-being. However, the study also shows that coping flexibility plays a crucial protective role in maintaining students' well-being. These findings highlight the urgent need for targeted interventions aimed at enhancing coping flexibility among university students, especially in the evolving post-pandemic landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Pan
- Centre for Research in Pedagogy and Practice, Office of Education Research, National Institute of Education, Singapore
| | - Wangqian Fu
- Faculty of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yaqian Zhang
- Faculty of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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Lee E, Schulz PJ, Lee HE. The Impact of COVID-19 and Exposure to Violent Media Content on Cyber Violence Victimization Among Adolescents in South Korea: National Population-Based Study. J Med Internet Res 2024; 26:e45563. [PMID: 38517467 PMCID: PMC10962403 DOI: 10.2196/45563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Because of the COVID-19 pandemic and consequent stay-at-home mandates, adolescents faced isolation and a decline in mental health. With increased online activity during this period, concerns arose regarding exposure to violent media content and cyber victimization among adolescents. Yet, the precise influence of pandemic-related measures on experiences of cyber violence remains unclear. Hence, it is pertinent to investigate whether the pandemic altered the dynamics of cyber violence victimization for individuals. OBJECTIVE This study aims to investigate the effects of COVID-19 and exposure to violent media content on cyber violence victimization among adolescents in South Korea. METHODS We used national survey data from 2019 (n=4779) and 2020 (n=4958) to investigate the potential impact of COVID-19 on the prevalence of cyber violence among young adolescents. The data encompassed responses from elementary fourth-grade students to senior high school students, probing their exposure to violent media content, average internet use, as well as experiences of victimization and perpetration. RESULTS The analysis revealed a noteworthy decline in cyber victimization during 2020 compared with 2019 (B=-0.12, t=-3.45, P<.001). Furthermore, being a perpetrator significantly contributed to cyber victimization (B=0.57, t=48.36, P<.001). Additionally, younger adolescents (β=-.06, t=-6.09, P<.001), those spending more time online (β=.18, t=13.83, P<.001), and those exposed to violent media (β=.14, t=13.89, P<.001) were found to be more susceptible to victimization. CONCLUSIONS Despite the widespread belief that cyber violence among adolescents surged during COVID-19 due to increased online activity, the study findings counter this assumption. Surprisingly, COVID-19 did not exacerbate cyber victimization; rather, it decreased it. Given the strong correlation between cyber victimization and offline victimization, our attention should be directed toward implementing real-life interventions aimed at curbing violence originating from in-person violence at school.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene Lee
- Annenberg School for Communication and Journalism, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Peter J Schulz
- Department of Communication, Culture and Society, University of Lugano, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Hye Eun Lee
- Department of Communication & Media, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Yu CC, Tou NX, Low JA. Internet Use and Effects on Mental Well-being During the Lockdown Phase of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Younger Versus Older Adults: Observational Cross-Sectional Study. JMIR Form Res 2024; 8:e46824. [PMID: 38319700 PMCID: PMC10879980 DOI: 10.2196/46824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Majority of individuals, including both younger and older adults, had to adapt to digital means to cope with lockdown measures and pandemic-induced lifestyle changes during the COVID-19 pandemic. While internet accessibility was beneficial during the pandemic, existing literature suggests that excessive use could lead to the rise of problematic internet use in adolescents and younger adults. However, the effects on older adults remain unclear. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine differences in internet use during the lockdown phase of the COVID-19 pandemic and explore how age differences in mental health could be explained by time spent on the internet. METHODS A door-to-door survey of a nationally representative sample of 602 adults in Singapore was carried out using computer-assisted personal interviewing during the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic (October to November 2020). Participants were categorized into younger (21-59 years old) and older (60 years or above) age groups. We assessed self-reported measures of depression, anxiety, and stress; psychosocial adaptability; ability to perform essential activities; social support; health status; digital media use patterns, and time spent on the internet. Procedures complied with existing safe distancing measures. RESULTS Older adults reported being less able to use digital platforms to meet needs and acquire information updates compared with younger adults during the lockdown period of the pandemic. Older adults spent significantly less time on the internet for both work and personal uses per day (mean 146.00 min, SD 9.18 min) compared with younger adults (mean 433.27 min, SD 14.32 min). Significant age differences in depression, anxiety, and stress were found, with younger adults showing poorer mental health. Mediation analysis showed that age differences in depression, anxiety, and stress were partially explained by time spent on the internet. These variables together explained 43%, 40%, and 40% of the variances in depression, anxiety, and stress scores, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The findings showed that younger adults spent significantly more time on the internet compared with older adults during the lockdown phase of the pandemic. They were also ahead in their ability to use digital resources to meet needs and engage socially compared with older adults. Despite this, the mental health of younger adults was poor, and this was partially accounted for by the amount of time spent on the internet. Since past research suggests that excessive time spent on the internet could lead to disordered use, the benefits brought by digital technologies could have been attenuated during the lockdown phase of the pandemic. Considering this potential negative effect, it is imperative to educate both young and old adults in the appropriate use of information and communication technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chou Chuen Yu
- Geriatric Education and Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nien Xiang Tou
- Geriatric Education and Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | - James Alvin Low
- Geriatric Education and Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
- Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
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Mlouki I, Majdoub M, Hariz E, Silini A, Mrabet HE, Rezg N, El Mhamdi S. Gender differences in adverse childhood experiences, resilience and internet addiction among Tunisian students: Exploring the mediation effect. PLOS GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 4:e0002556. [PMID: 38236830 PMCID: PMC10795992 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0002556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) are a common public health issue with a variety of consequences, including behavioral addiction such as Internet Addiction (IA). Despite widespread recognition of this issue, the underlying mechanisms are not well studied in recent literature. Additionally, studies have indicated gender disparities in the prevalence and manifestation of ACEs and IA. The objective of this study was to investigate the mediating effect of resilience on the link between ACEs and IA among high-school students according to gender in Mahdia city (Tunisia). We conducted a cross-sectional survey for two months (January- February 2020), among 2520 schooled youth in Mahdia city (Tunisia). The Arabic-language edition of the World Health Organisation ACE questionnaire was used. The validated Arabic versions of the Adolescent Psychological Resilience Scale and the Internet Addiction Test were the screening tools for resilience and IA. Data were analyzed according to gender. The majority of youth (97.5%) were exposed to at least one ACE with the most prevalent being emotional neglect (83.2%). Exposure to extra-familial ACEs was also high reaching 86.9% with higher rates among boys for all types of social violence. Internet addiction was common among students (50%) with higher prevalence for boys (54.4% vs 47.7%for girls, p = 0.006). Resilience scores were86.43 ± 9.7 for girls vs 85.54 ± 9.79 for boys. The current study showed that resilience mediated the link between ACEs, especially intrafamilial violence, and internet addiction (%mediated = 15.1). According to gender, resilience had a significant mediating role on internet addiction for girls (%mediated = 17) and no significant role for boys. The mediating effect of resilience in the relationship between ACEs and cyberaddiction among schooled adolescents in the region of Mahdia (Tunisia) has been identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imen Mlouki
- Preventive and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
- Department of Preventive and Community Medicine, Taher Sfar University Hospital, Mahdia, Tunisia
- Research Laboratory “Epidemiology Applied to Maternal and Child Health” 12SP17, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Mariem Majdoub
- Department of Preventive and Community Medicine, Taher Sfar University Hospital, Mahdia, Tunisia
| | - Emna Hariz
- Department of Preventive and Community Medicine, Taher Sfar University Hospital, Mahdia, Tunisia
| | - Ahlem Silini
- Preventive and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
- Department of Preventive and Community Medicine, Taher Sfar University Hospital, Mahdia, Tunisia
| | | | - Nejla Rezg
- Department of Preventive and Community Medicine, Taher Sfar University Hospital, Mahdia, Tunisia
| | - Sana El Mhamdi
- Preventive and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
- Department of Preventive and Community Medicine, Taher Sfar University Hospital, Mahdia, Tunisia
- Research Laboratory “Epidemiology Applied to Maternal and Child Health” 12SP17, Monastir, Tunisia
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Yang Y, Zhan J, Ni Y, Fan Y, Zhang Y, Fang Y. The influence of adolescents' internet adaptation on internet addiction: the mediating role of internet cultural adaptation. Front Psychiatry 2024; 14:1338343. [PMID: 38260791 PMCID: PMC10800847 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1338343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigates how adolescents' internet adaptation influences internet addiction, with a particular focus on the mediating role of internet cultural adaptation. Grounded in cross-cultural adaptation theory, the study proposes that internet cultural adaptation can mitigate the negative relationship between internet adaptation and internet addiction. Conducting a large-scale random survey among Chinese adolescents, and employing standardized measures for internet addiction, internet cultural adaptation, and internet adaptation, the study finds a significant negative correlation between internet adaptation and internet addiction. More crucially, internet cultural adaptation plays a pivotal mediating role, such that when adolescents have higher capabilities in adapting culturally to the internet, the negative relationship between their internet adaptation and addiction is effectively alleviated. These findings not only provide a new perspective in understanding adolescent internet addiction but also offer theoretical guidance for devising preventive measures. The study also discusses practical applications of the results, emphasizing the importance of enhancing adolescents' internet cultural adaptation, and presents new strategies for preventing and mitigating issues of internet addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yang
- School of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
- Zhejiang Philosophy and Social Science Laboratory for the Mental Health and Crisis Intervention of Children and Adolescents, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Jun Zhan
- Postdoctoral Station of Psychology, School of Psychology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yao Ni
- Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yanwen Fan
- Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yiting Zhang
- Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yiting Fang
- Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
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Manap A, Rizzo A, Yıldırmaz A, Dilekçi Ü, Yıldırım M. The Mediating Role of Procrastination in the Relationship between Fear of Missing Out and Internet Addiction in University Students. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 21:49. [PMID: 38248514 PMCID: PMC10815717 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21010049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
This study aims to examine the potential mediating role of procrastination in the relationship between fear of missing out and internet addiction. Employing a cross-sectional research design, this study utilized a paper-pencil form to collect data from 315 students (65.4% undergraduate and 66.3% females) between 18 and 32 (Mage = 22.43; SD = 3.81) studying at a state university in Türkiye. Data were collected through the convenience sampling method. The study was designed as a survey model. This design was tested via mediation analysis. The participants completed self-report assessments using the Fear of Missing Out Scale (FoMOs), General Procrastination Scale (GPS-9), and Young Internet Addiction Scale (short form). The findings showed that FoMO had a significant positive direct effect on both procrastination (R2 = 0.13) and internet addiction (R2 = 0.33). Procrastination also had a significant positive direct effect on internet addiction (R2 = 0.34). Additionally, procrastination mediated the relationship between the fear of missing out and internet addiction (β = 0.156, p < 0.001). These findings not only extend the scope of existing research but also hold practical implications for the development of sustainable interventions. It is believed that the findings will contribute to the consideration of procrastination when preparing psychoeducation or group guidance programs for internet addiction. These interventions can effectively address the process through which fear of missing out leads to internet addiction by considering the significant role of procrastination in students. Findings typically suggest that procrastination behavior is a key factor in explaining the association between FoMO and internet addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Manap
- Department of Psychology, Batman University, Batman 72000, Türkiye;
| | - Amelia Rizzo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98100 Messina, Italy;
- Department of Cognitive Sciences, Psychological, Educational, and Cultural Studies, University of Messina, 98100 Messina, Italy
| | - Abdullah Yıldırmaz
- Department of Public Relations, Batman University, Batman 72000, Türkiye;
| | - Ümit Dilekçi
- Department of Child Development, Batman University, Batman 72000, Türkiye;
| | - Murat Yıldırım
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Science and Letters, Agri Ibrahim Cecen University, Ağrı 04100, Türkiye
- Graduate Studies and Research, Lebanese American University, Beirut 1102 2801, Lebanon
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Lin MP, Tseng HY, Lee YT, Tang WC, Cheng LH, Wu JYW, You J. Internet use time and subjective well-being during the COVID-19 outbreak: serial mediation of problematic internet use and self-esteem. BMC Psychol 2023; 11:438. [PMID: 38082347 PMCID: PMC10714498 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-023-01483-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak is a threat to adolescents' mental health and livelihoods, and lowers their subjective well-being (SWB). Expanding on previous literatures, this study examined whether internet use time was related to SWB and whether this relationship was mediated by problematic internet use (PIU) and self-esteem during the COVID-19 outbreak. In Taiwan, the COVID-19 epidemic broke out in February, 2020. During March 2 to 27, this study recruited a total of 1,060 adolescents from junior high schools by both stratified and cluster sampling, and administered a comprehensive investigation. The results displayed that SWB was significantly and negatively predicted by internet use time. PIU fully mediated the relationship. Moreover, PIU predicted a decrease of self-esteem, which played a full mediation role between PIU and SWB. The results provide evidence in explaining how increased internet use time is associated with a greater level of PIU, which relates to lower self-esteem, correlating with lower SWB in adolescents. This study can provide reference to mental health organizations and educational agencies to design appropriate SWB promotion programs for the junior high school population in terms of epidemic prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Pei Lin
- Department of Educational Psychology and Counseling, National Taiwan Normal University, No.162, Sec. 1, Heping E. Rd., Da-an District, Taipei City, 106, Taiwan.
| | - Hsin-Yi Tseng
- Department of Educational Psychology and Counseling, National Taiwan Normal University, No.162, Sec. 1, Heping E. Rd., Da-an District, Taipei City, 106, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Ting Lee
- Department of Counseling and Guidance, National University of Tainan, No.33, Sec. 2, Shu- Lin St, Tainan, 700, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ching Tang
- Department of Educational Psychology and Counseling, National Taiwan Normal University, No.162, Sec. 1, Heping E. Rd., Da-an District, Taipei City, 106, Taiwan
| | - Li-Hsuan Cheng
- Department of Educational Psychology and Counseling, National Taiwan Normal University, No.162, Sec. 1, Heping E. Rd., Da-an District, Taipei City, 106, Taiwan
| | - Jo Yung-Wei Wu
- Good-Day Psychology Clinic, 5F., No. 167, Xialin Rd., South District, Tainan City, 702, Taiwan
| | - Jianing You
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), & School of Psychology, Ministry of Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, P. R. China
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Xiong A, Liao S, Luo B, Luo S, Tong Y, Li Z. Associations between problematic internet use, life satisfaction, and deliberate self-harm among Chinese adolescents: A multi-centered longitudinal study. Addict Behav 2023; 147:107808. [PMID: 37536220 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2023.107808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Problematic Internet use (PIU), which is associated with deliberate self-harm (DSH), has become a common problem among adolescents. Life satisfaction (LS) may be able to mitigate the negative influences of PIU and DSH. But the longitudinal associations among them are yet to be well-researched. METHODS A longitudinal study with three-wave data collection involving 6092 adolescents was carried out in China. PIU, LS, and DSH were assessed using the Young Internet Addiction Test, the Satisfaction with Life Scale, and the Deliberate Self-Harm Inventory Nine-Item Version, respectively. A cross-lagged model was used to analyze the longitudinal interactions between them. Generalized Estimating Equations were adopted to identify their influential factors. RESULTS The prevalence of single DSH behaviors from wave 1 to wave 3 was 5.04%, 5.00%, and 4.67%, and the repeated DHS from wave 1 to wave 3 was 2.9%, 3.2%, and 3.4%, respectively. Bidirectional longitudinal predictive associations were revealed between PIU and LS (p<0.001), and LS and DSH (p<0.001). DSH could longitudinally predict PIU (p<0.001). Gender and age were associated with PIU, LS, and DSH (p<0.001), and PIU was influenced by ethnicity (p<0.001). CONCLUSION PIU and LS, LS and DSH were associated bidirectionally. Adolescents with more severe DSH behaviors were inclined to become addicted to the Internet, and adolescents with a history of DSH had a higher risk of recurring DSH. Parents, schools, and administrators need to improve the LS of adolescents, with a particular focus on older, female adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Xiong
- Department of Nursing, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shujuan Liao
- Department of Nursing, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Biru Luo
- Department of Nursing, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shiqi Luo
- Department of Nursing, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yunxuan Tong
- Department of Nursing, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhao Li
- Department of Health Policy and Management, West China School of Public Health/West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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Han SJ, Nagduar S, Yu HJ. Digital Addiction and Related Factors among College Students. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2943. [PMID: 37998435 PMCID: PMC10671342 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11222943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Digital addiction has been a global concern, with college students becoming increasingly vulnerable to it. The detrimental psycho-physiological effects of digital addiction have raised concerns regarding college students' health. This descriptive correlational study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of digital addiction and identify influencing factors among college students, such as body shape satisfaction, time management, and psychological health. (2) Methods: Data were collected from 199 students at a university in Seoul, South Korea, from 30 May to 13 June 2023. The Digital Addiction Scale (DAS), Time Structure Questionnaire (TSQ), General Health Questionnaire (GHQ), and Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) were used for the assessment. Data (N = 199) were analyzed using descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression. (3) Results: The mean score for digital addiction was 54 ± 12, with scores ranging from 23.0 to 89.0. Digital addiction had a significant positive correlation with body shape satisfaction (r = 0.156, p = 0.028) and a negative correlation with time management (r = -0.500, p < 0.001). In the stepwise multiple regression model of digital addiction (adjusted R2 = 0.285, p < 0.001), subfactors of body shape satisfaction (fear of fatness β = -0.280, body dissatisfaction β = 0.401) and time management (effective organization β = -0.211, persistence β = -0.209, past orientation β = -0.165) were statistically significant. (4) Conclusions: Body shape satisfaction and time management are important factors influencing digital addiction among college students. However, it does not establish a direct causal relationship. The findings indicate that there is a statistical association or connection between these factors, but they do not definitively state that body shape satisfaction or time management directly cause digital addiction. To decrease digital addiction in this population, interventions should aim to improve body shape satisfaction and time management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suk-Jung Han
- College of Nursing, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea;
| | - Sugandha Nagduar
- Graduate School of Nursing, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea
| | - Hea-Jin Yu
- College of Nursing, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea;
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Shakya M, Singh R, Chauhan A, Rure D, Shrivastava A. Prevalence of internet gaming addiction and its association with sleep quality in medical students. Ind Psychiatry J 2023; 32:S161-S165. [PMID: 38370952 PMCID: PMC10871426 DOI: 10.4103/ipj.ipj_236_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background In Asia, there are approximately 2.3 billion internet users. Addiction to internet gaming takes a multifaceted toll on an individual's physical and mental well-being, casting a long shadow over their daily endeavors and also their sleep cycle. Aim To study the prevalence of internet gaming addiction and how it affects sleep quality in medical students. Materials and Methods A cross-sectional study was performed with a sample size (n = 112) in the Government Medical College, Datia (M.P.), and data were collected using a semi-structured proforma including the Internet Gaming Disorder Scale and Mini Sleep Questionnaire in the study population. Results In the study population with age group 18-28 years (mean age: 21 ± 1.7 years), the majority of them belong to the Hindu religion (91.1%), nuclear family (66.1%), and urban community (75.9%). Most students (n = 74) had mild to moderate sleep difficulty related to internet gaming addiction, that is, 65.1%. The most common response was "sometimes" on the Internet Gaming Disorder Scale. A significant association was observed between gaming disorder and parameters of sleep mainly in waking up too early, daytime sleepiness, snoring, feeling tired, and headache upon waking up with gaming disorder. Conclusion Among medical students, gaming addiction is significantly associated with poor sleep quality. Steps need to be taken to promote healthy internet use to improve sleep quality and mitigate negative effects to avoid long-term health impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makhan Shakya
- Department of Psychiatry, Shyam Shah Medical College, Rewa, India
| | - Rajesh Singh
- Department of Psychiatry, Government Medical College, Datia, India
| | - Amrita Chauhan
- Department of Psychiatry, Government Medical College, Datia, India
| | - Daisy Rure
- Department of Psychiatry, RD Gardi Medical College, Ujjain, Madhya Pradesh, India
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Duran Ş, Küçük Alemdar D. Investigation of the correlation between internet addiction, obesity risk and sleep disorder in children. J Pediatr Nurs 2023; 73:e409-e417. [PMID: 37863788 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2023.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study was performed with the aim of investigating the correlation and the effective factors between internet addiction, obesity risk and sleep disorders in children. MATERIAL AND METHOD The sample for this descriptive and relational search type study comprised the parents of 458 children aged 7-10 years attending a primary school in Turkey. Data were collected the Parent and Child Descriptive Information Form, Family Child Internet Addiction Scale (FCIAS), Family Nutrition and Physical Activity Tool (FNPAT) and Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children (SDSC). RESULTS There was a statistically significant, positive and weak correlation between the Body Mass Index (BMI) and FCIAS scores of children (p < 0.001). There was a statistically significant, negative and very weak correlation between FNPAT total score with FCIAS total score (p = 0.007). There was a statistically significant, positive and moderate correlation between SDSC total score and FCIAS total score (p < 0.001). According to regression analysis, FCIAS was a determinant at significant levels for FNPAT and SDSC (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION There was a relationship between internet addiction and obesity and sleep quality. As a result of the study, the increase in internet use was determined to negatively impact physical activity and health nutrition behavior, and to increase sleep disturbance. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Pediatric nurses are recommended to give counseling to children and families about preventing obesity and the risk of sleep disorders by identifying children at risk in terms of internet addiction in the early period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Şulenur Duran
- MSc, Samsun Çarşamba State Hospital, Neurology Service, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Dilek Küçük Alemdar
- Associate Professor, Ordu University Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Pediatric Nursing, Ordu, Turkey.
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Dresp-Langley B. From Reward to Anhedonia-Dopamine Function in the Global Mental Health Context. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2469. [PMID: 37760910 PMCID: PMC10525914 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11092469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
When "hijacked" by compulsive behaviors that affect the reward and stress centers of the brain, functional changes in the dopamine circuitry occur as the consequence of pathological brain adaptation. As a brain correlate of mental health, dopamine has a central functional role in behavioral regulation from healthy reward-seeking to pathological adaptation to stress in response to adversity. This narrative review offers a spotlight view of the transition from healthy reward function, under the control of dopamine, to the progressive deregulation of this function in interactions with other brain centers and circuits, producing what may be called an anti-reward brain state. How such deregulation is linked to specific health-relevant behaviors is then explained and linked to pandemic-related adversities and the stresses they engendered. The long lockdown periods where people in social isolation had to rely on drink, food, and digital rewards via the internet may be seen as the major triggers of changes in motivation and reward-seeking behavior worldwide. The pathological adaptation of dopamine-mediated reward circuitry in the brain is discussed. It is argued that, when pushed by fate and circumstance into a physiological brain state of anti-reward, human behavior changes and mental health is affected, depending on individual vulnerabilities. A unified conceptual account that places dopamine function at the centre of the current global mental health context is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birgitta Dresp-Langley
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7357 ICube CNRS, Université de Strasbourg Hôpitaux Universitaires Faculté de Médecine, Pavillon Clovis Vincent, 4 Rue Kirschleger, CEDEX, 67085 Strasbourg, France
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19
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Varela JJ, Pérez JC, Rodríguez-Rivas ME, Chuecas MJ, Romo J. Wellbeing, social media addiction and coping strategies among Chilean adolescents during the pandemic. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1211431. [PMID: 37711427 PMCID: PMC10497769 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1211431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction During the COVID-19 pandemic, adolescents had to deal with a range of mental health problems that has increased social media addiction levels with adverse effects on life satisfaction. Previous studies have explored coping mechanisms to deal with this addiction problem, but did not consider the need to simultaneously cope with different dimensions. Therefore, our study aimed to examine the moderating effect of various coping mechanisms on the relationship between social media addiction and adolescent life satisfaction. Methods Self-report questionnaires were applied to 1290 secondary school students (age mean = 16.03, SD = 1.27, range: 14 to 19; and 57% female). An exploratory and a confirmatory factor analysis were performed to determine the factor structure of the Brief-Cope 28 scale. Then, a descriptive and correlational analysis of the variables and a multiple linear regression analysis was performed. Results We found that the social media addiction risk was negatively associated with life satisfaction, adaptive strategies were positively correlated to life satisfaction, and maladaptive strategies were negatively correlated to it. Also, a moderation model was evaluated in which four stress management strategies, namely acceptance and perspective-taking, seeking socio-emotional support, active coping, and maladaptive strategies all conditioned the relationship between social media addiction risk and life satisfaction after controlling for demographic variables and the specific strategies of using comedy, religion and substance use. Results indicate additive and multiplicative effects of management strategies for stressful situations in the studied relationship. Seeking socio-emotional support and active coping were positively related to life satisfaction and maladaptive strategies were negatively associated with it. Multiplicative effects indicate that the relationship between the social media addiction risk and life satisfaction depends only on the acceptance and perspective taking that adolescents report. When adolescents reported having low or average levels of acceptance and perspective taking, there was a negative correlation with general life satisfaction, a connection that grew markedly stronger. In contrast, no connection between social media addiction and life satisfaction was detected for adolescents who report higher levels of acceptance and perspective-taking. Discussion Abuse of social media and the use of maladaptive stress coping strategies were risk factors that decreased life satisfaction among adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge J. Varela
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad del Desarrollo, Concepción, Chile
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Kovačić Petrović Z, Peraica T, Blažev M, Kozarić-Kovačić D. Association between problematic Internet use and specific Internet activities and COVID-19- and earthquake-related stress, anxiety, and depression symptoms among Croatian young adults. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1227182. [PMID: 37645636 PMCID: PMC10461808 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1227182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background During the COVID-19 pandemic and concomitant earthquakes in Croatia in 2020, increased Internet use (IU) and Internet-based addictive behaviors were associated with decreasing mental well-being. We determined the changes in IU, problematic IU (PIU), and problematic specific Internet activities in young adults during the prolonged stress caused by the pandemic and earthquakes, age differences in PIU and differences in perceived source of stress (pandemic or earthquakes), and association between PIU and increase in specific Internet activities and stress, anxiety, and depression symptoms in young adults. Methods A cross-sectional online survey conducted from September 30, 2021 to October 17, 2021 included 353 young adults aged 22.6 ± 2.1 years, 382 early adults aged 32.1 ± 4.4 years, and 371 middle-aged adults aged 49.0 ± 6.5 years. Data on sociodemographic characteristics, stressors (without perceived stressors, only pandemic-related stressor, only earthquake-related stressor, and both pandemic and earthquake-related stressors), PIU and IU were collected with a self-report questionnaire. The Impact of Event Scale and the Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale were used to evaluate mental symptoms. PIU and problematic specific Internet activities were assessed using Tao et al.'s criteria. Data were anaylzed with paired-sample Wilcoxon test, McNemar's and Pearson's chi-square tests, and structural equation modeling. Results In 17% of young adults, we found increased PIU (OR = 5.15, 95% CI [2.82, 10.18]), problematic social media use (OR = 2.77, 95% CI [1.56, 5.14]), and uncontrolled online shopping (OR = 5.75, 95% CI [1.97, 22.87]) (p < 0.001 for all). PIU and problematic social media use were more common among young adults (60.8%), as well as problematic online gaming (25.9%). Problematic social media use was more frequent among young adults reporting pandemic stress than among those without perceived stress (69.9% vs. 43.2%). Increased online gaming predicted more severe avoidance symptoms (p = 0.041), increased social media use predicted more severe depression symptoms (p = 0.017), increased online shopping predicted more severe intrusion (p = 0.013) and anxiety symptoms (p = 0.001). PIU predicted more severe intrusion (p = 0.008), avoidance (p = 0.01), anxiety (p < 0.001), and depression (p = 0.012) symptoms. Conclusion Different effects of the pandemic and earthquakes on IU could reflect a different effect of various stressors on Internet behavior of young adults. Type of problematic Internet behavior may predict for the type of mental health problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zrnka Kovačić Petrović
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, University of Zagreb, School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Addiction, University Psychiatric Hospital Vrapče, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tina Peraica
- Department of Psychiatry, Referral Center for Stress-related Disorders of the Ministry of Health, University Hospital Dubrava, Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Forensic Sciences, University of Split, Split, Croatia
| | - Mirta Blažev
- Ivo Pilar Institute of Social Sciences, Zagreb, Croatia
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Mokshathaa NB, Vishwas S. Internet Addiction and Gaming Disorder During the COVID-19 Pandemic Among Young People in Southern Karnataka. Cureus 2023; 15:e42159. [PMID: 37601984 PMCID: PMC10439014 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.42159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Advances in technology and increased accessibility to modern gadgets have opened up new options for giving alternate recreational activities. The country has seen rapid growth in the smartphone market over the past decade, and mobile phones are preferred by the vast majority of gamers over traditional personal computers and laptops. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and related restrictions, online teaching, and the use of the internet for work have forced people to resort to the internet more than during the pre-pandemic period. There have not been many studies done to evaluate internet addiction (IA) and internet gaming disorder (IGD) among young people in India, and research is needed to quantify the magnitude of the problem and undertake timely public health actions. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted among 400 young people aged 10 to 24 years in Kolar district. Young people meeting the eligibility criteria from schools and colleges were randomly selected to include 67 participants per taluk. Standardized validated nine-item Internet Gaming Disorder Scale-Short-Formand 20-item Internet Addiction Test questionnaire were used to collect data. Data were entered using EpiData version 3.1 (EpiData Association, Odense, Denmark) and analyzed using IBM SPSS version 20 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY). A p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION COVID-19 control measures have caused more young people to access the internet in the recent past. Among young people studied, 58.5% and 6.5% have IA and IGD, respectively. Factors like living in urban areas, belonging to families above the poverty line, not living with parents, years of internet use, and increased access to internet/gadgets during the COVID-19 pandemic were significantly associated with IA and IGD. Since addiction to the internet and online gaming is known to have a negative impact on the mental health and well-being of young people, in light of IGD being listed in the International Classification of Diseases, there is an urgent need to target these conditions, especially for young people.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - S Vishwas
- Epidemiology and Public Health, Sri Devaraj Urs Academy of Higher Education and Research, Kolar, IND
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Perez-Oyola JC, Walter-Chavez DM, Zila-Velasque JP, Pereira-Victorio CJ, Failoc-Rojas VE, Vera-Ponce VJ, Valladares-Garrido D, Valladares-Garrido MJ. Internet addiction and mental health disorders in high school students in a Peruvian region: a cross-sectional study. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:408. [PMID: 37286950 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-04838-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the association between internet addiction disorder (IAD) and anxiety and depressive symptomatology in high school students in two private schools in Chiclayo, Peru, during the COVID-19 pandemic. MATERIALS AND METHODS Analytical cross-sectional investigation of 505 adolescents from two private schools. The dependent variables were anxiety and depressive symptomatology, measured with the Beck Adapted Depression Questionnaire (BDI-IIA) and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), respectively. The main independent variable was IAD, measured with the Internet Addiction Test instrument(IATI). Prevalence ratios (PR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were estimated. RESULTS The average age was 14.16 years and 54.9% were women. 22.2% and 3.2% presented mild and moderate IAD; respectively. 9.3% presented severe anxiety and 34.3% severe depressive symptomatology. In the simple regression, adolescents with mild, moderate and severe IAD presented 19% (PR = 1.19; 95%CI: 1.05-1.35), 25% (PR = 1.25; 95%CI: 1.02-1.53) and 53% (PR = 1.47; 95% CI: 1.47-1.60) higher prevalence of depressive symptomatology; however, this association was not maintained in the multiple model. Anxiety increased 196% in adolescents with severe IAD (PR = 2.96; 95%CI: 1.86-4.71). CONCLUSION We found that 2, 1, and 3 out of 10 students presented IAD, depressive symptomatology, and anxiety, respectively. We did not find an association between IAD and depressive symptomatology, but we did find an association with anxiety. Among the factors associated with the development of depressive symptomatology were the male sex, the presence of eating disorders, subclinical insomnia, using devices for more than 2 h, and using the Internet for academic activities. About anxiety, the associated factors are the female sex, the presence of eating disorders, subclinical insomnia, and the use of the Internet as social interaction. We recommend implementing counseling programs in view of the imminent introduction of the Internet as a pillar in education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean C Perez-Oyola
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de San Martín de Porres, Chiclayo, Peru
| | | | - J Pierre Zila-Velasque
- Universidad Nacional Daniel Alcides Carrion, Facultad de Medicina Humana, Pasco, Peru
- Red Latinoamericana de Medicina en La Altitud E Investigación (REDLAMTAI), Pasco, Peru
| | | | - Virgilio E Failoc-Rojas
- Unidad de investigación para la generación y síntesis de evidencias en salud, Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Lima, Peru.
| | - Víctor J Vera-Ponce
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Ricardo Palma, Lima, 15039, Peru
- Universidad Tecnológica del Perú, Lima, 15046, Peru
| | | | - Mario J Valladares-Garrido
- Escuela de Medicina, Universidad Cesar Vallejo, Piura, Peru.
- Oficina de Epidemiología, Hospital Regional Lambayeque, Chiclayo, Peru.
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Wang J, Hao QH, Peng W, Tu Y, Zhang L, Zhu TM. Relationship between smartphone addiction and eating disorders and lifestyle among Chinese college students. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1111477. [PMID: 37275494 PMCID: PMC10235600 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1111477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Smartphone addiction has been a matter of serious concern among society and parents because of its high incidence and serious negative effects. This study aimed to determine the association between smartphone addiction and eating disorders and lifestyle changes among college students. Methods The present article is a descriptive, cross-sectional study involving 1,112 college students from several universities in Chengdu, China. The data were collected by using the Chinese version of the Mobile Phone Addiction Index (MPAI) and the Eating Attitudes Test-26 (EAT-26). In addition, the information on sociodemographic, lifestyle, and smartphone use were obtained through a self-administered questionnaire. Results The prevalence of smartphone addiction among the students involved in the study was 22.6%, of which 10.4% were at risk for eating disorders. Female students had higher MPAI scores and EAT-26 scores than male students (p < 0.001). The proportion of male students with a risk of eating disorders was significantly higher than that of female students (p < 0.05). The total EAT-26 scores of students with smartphone addiction were higher than that of others (p < 0.001). The correlation analysis indicated that the MPAI scores were significantly positively correlated with the EAT-26 scores, depression and anxiety, difficulty in falling asleep at night, the frequency of eating fast food and drinking carbonated soft drink (p < 0.01). In addition, the MPAI scores were significantly negatively correlated with skipping breakfast and the frequency of physical activity (p < 0.05). Conclusion Smartphone addiction is significantly associated with eating disorders, eating habits, and lifestyle. The influence of dietary habits and lifestyle needs to be considered for the prevention and development of an intervention for smartphone addiction among college students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Qing-Hong Hao
- Longgang District Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Shenzhen City, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei Peng
- Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, China
| | - Yang Tu
- Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Oncology Treatment Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, China
| | - Lan Zhang
- Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Tian-Min Zhu
- School of Rehabilitation and Health Preservation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Liu Y, Yuan H, Song C, Li L, Zhou W, Wang W. Symptom relationships between internet addiction and anxiety across primary and middle school students during the Omicron lockdown. J Affect Disord 2023; 329:251-256. [PMID: 36828145 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.02.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
During the Omicron pandemic, students in Shenzhen took classes at home via the internet, which could lead to internet addiction (IA) symptoms, and anxiety is often considered an important risk factor for IA. There are several different developmental stages within adolescence. However, no studies have explored the interaction between IA and anxiety at the symptom level using a longitudinal design stratified by age. A total of 2744 students completed the questionnaire 50 days after starting the online classes (T1) and 50 days after they returned to school (T2). A cross-lagged panel network model was used to describe the structure of the comorbidity network. With the help of bootstrapping, the Mann-Whitney U test was used to examine the differences between primary school students' and middle school students' networks. The results found that there is a bidirectional interaction between IA and anxiety, and anxiety plays a dominant role. Feeling afraid is the bridge symptom between IA and anxiety. IA did not show developmental stage differences, but anxiety did. These findings extend the model of compensatory internet use and suggest that, when alleviating IA symptoms in adolescents, attention should be given to their possible comorbid anxiety symptoms, especially in middle school students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimeng Liu
- Pingshan Foreign Languages School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hao Yuan
- Pingshan Foreign Languages School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chang Song
- Pingshan Foreign Languages School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Luanyuan Li
- Pingshan Foreign Languages School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wenying Zhou
- Pingshan Foreign Languages School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wenchao Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education (Beijing Normal University), Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
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25
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Niu H, Wang S, Tao Y, Tang Q, Zhang L, Liu X. The association between online learning, parents' marital status, and internet addiction among adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic period: A cross-lagged panel network approach. J Affect Disord 2023; 333:553-561. [PMID: 37127119 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.04.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Previous research has identified the association between online learning and Internet addiction (IA) and the role of family factors in it. However, few studies have treated IA as a multidimensional mechanism and explored the underlying linkage of online learning, IA, and parental marital status with a cross-lagged network approach. The study aimed to examine the relationship between online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic, Internet addiction (IA), and parental marital status among Chinese adolescents. METHODS The sample consisted of 2356 adolescents who completed the Internet Addiction Test twice over a four-month period. Four symptom networks and two cross-lagged panel networks were performed. RESULTS The results showed that adolescents from divorced families had a higher prevalence of IA (27 %) compared to those from non-divorced families (17 %). The strongest cross-lagged association was found between "spending more time online" and "preferring the excitement online". In the divorced group, "school grades suffering" had the highest influence, while in the non-divorced group, "anticipation" had the highest influence. CONCLUSION This study highlights the relationship between online learning, IA, and parental divorce and suggests that long-term online learning may contribute to IA, and parental divorce may exacerbate problematic Internet use and increase IA levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiqun Niu
- School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210024, China
| | - Shujian Wang
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Yanqiang Tao
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Qihui Tang
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- College Students' Mental Health Education Center, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Xiangping Liu
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Beijing 100875, China.
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26
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Büyükyılmaz G, Toksoy Adıgüzel K, Koca SB. Comparison of internet usage and internet addiction scores in healthy children and children with type 1 diabetes mellitus. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2023; 36:435-440. [PMID: 37013724 DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2022-0640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The Internet, an integral part of modern life, can lead to internet addiction, which negatively affects academic performance, family relationships, and emotional development. This study aimed to evaluate the Internet addiction scores (IAS) during COVID-19 in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) compared with healthy controls. METHODS Children with T1DM and healthy controls aged 8-18, were evaluated with the Parent-Child Internet Addiction Test (PCIAT20). Internet addiction scores of the participants were assessed. The relationship between diabetes duration, mean HbA1c level and IAS were also examined in children with T1DM. RESULTS The study included 139 patients with T1DM and 273 controls. The IAS were significantly lower in patients compared with controls (25.28 ± 15.52 vs. 29.69 ± 19.08, p=0.019). There was a weak negative correlation between the duration of diabetes and IAS in children with diabetes (r=-0.21, p=0.021). There was no significant association between IAS and mean HbA1c (r=0.14, p=0.128) or age (r=0.08, p=0.115). Furthermore, there was no statistically significant difference in IAS between children with well-controlled diabetes (n: 17) and those with poorly-controlled diabetes (n: 122) (IAS: 27.1 ± 17.2; 24.8 ± 15.5, p=0.672, respectively). CONCLUSION Internet addiction scores were lower in patients with T1DM compared with their healthy peers. Unlike previous studies reporting an increase in problematic internet use, the results of the present study did not confirm internet use as a real challenge in front of the diabetes management for the majority of children with T1DM. This result may be attributed to the important role played by families in the management of T1DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gönül Büyükyılmaz
- Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Cankaya, Türkiye
| | - Keziban Toksoy Adıgüzel
- Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Cankaya, Türkiye
| | - Serkan Bilge Koca
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Health Sciences University, Kayseri City Hospital, Kayseri, Türkiye
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Moss SJ, Mizen SJ, Stelfox M, Mather RB, FitzGerald EA, Tutelman P, Racine N, Birnie KA, Fiest KM, Stelfox HT, Parsons Leigh J. Interventions to improve well-being among children and youth aged 6-17 years during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review. BMC Med 2023; 21:131. [PMID: 37013542 PMCID: PMC10069351 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-023-02828-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic is an example of a global infectious disease outbreak that poses a threat to the well-being of children and youth (e.g., physical infection, psychological impacts). The consequences of challenges faced during COVID-19 may be longstanding and newly developed interventions are being deployed. We present a narrative synthesis of available evidence from the first 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic on the feasibility, accessibility, and effects of interventions to improve well-being among children and youth to inform the development and refinement of interventions relevant to post-pandemic recovery. METHODS Six databases were searched from inception to August 2022. A total of 5484 records were screened, 39 were reviewed in full text, and 19 studies were included. The definition of well-being and the five domains of well-being as defined by the Partnership for Maternal, Newborn & Child Health and the World Health Organization in collaboration with the United Nations H6 + Technical Working Group on Adolescent Health and Well-Being were used. RESULTS Nineteen studies (74% randomized controlled trials) from 10 countries were identified, involving a total of 7492 children and youth (age range: 8.2-17.2 years; 27.8-75.2% males) and 954 parents that occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic (March 2020 to March 2021). Nearly all interventions (n = 18, 95%) targeted health and nutrition, followed by connectedness (n = 6, 32%), while fewer studies targeted agency and resilience (n = 5, 23%), learning and competence (n = 2, 11%), or safety and support (n = 1, 3%). Five interventions (26%) were self-guided while 13 interventions (68%) were guided synchronous by a trained professional, all of which targeted physical and mental health subdomains within health and nutrition; one intervention (5%) was unclear. CONCLUSIONS Studies deploying synchronous interventions most often reported improved well-being among children and youth largely in the domain of health and nutrition, specifically physical and mental health. Targeted approaches will be crucial to reach sub-groups of children and youth who are most at risk of negative well-being outcomes. Further research is needed to determine how interventions that best supported children and youth early in the pandemic are different from interventions that are required now as we enter into the post-pandemic phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephana J Moss
- Faculty of Health, School of Health Administration, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Sara J Mizen
- Faculty of Health, School of Health Administration, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Maia Stelfox
- Faculty of Health, School of Health Administration, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Rebecca Brundin Mather
- Cumming School of Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Emily A FitzGerald
- Faculty of Health, School of Health Administration, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Perri Tutelman
- Faculty of Science, Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Nicole Racine
- Faculty of Social Sciences, School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Kathryn A Birnie
- Cumming School of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Cumming School of Medicine, Department of Community Health Sciences, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Kirsten M Fiest
- Cumming School of Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Cumming School of Medicine, Department of Community Health Sciences, Calgary, AB, Canada
- O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Henry T Stelfox
- Cumming School of Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jeanna Parsons Leigh
- Faculty of Health, School of Health Administration, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.
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Structural equation modeling analysis of risk factors for digital game addiction in adolescents: A web-based study. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2023; 43:22-28. [PMID: 37032011 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2022.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
AIM Digital game addiction warrants study as it has serious negative impacts on adolescents' lives. This study aims to examine digital game addiction in adolescents and its factors. METHODS This cross-sectional study sample consisted of 297 students among 2400 students enrolled in four high schools located in Turkey's Mediterranean region. Data were collected from the adolescents using the Digital Game Addiction Scale for Children between September and December 2021. The STROBE checklist was used for reporting. RESULTS The study found that adolescents who are male, who started playing digital games before the age of six, whose play is unlimited and unsupervised, who play for >10 h a day, who play digital games on the computer, and who do not participate in any other activities are the most at-risk group for digital addiction. CONCLUSIONS Starting to play digital games in early childhood, and having unlimited and unsupervised play increases the risk of digital game addiction. It is recommended that school-based intervention programs are designed to prevent and reduce digital game addiction. In this regard, awareness projects, involving teachers, adolescents, and parents should be planned.
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Cena L, Trainini A, Zecca S, Bonetti Zappa S, Cunegatti F, Buizza C. Loneliness, affective disorders, suicidal ideation, and the use of psychoactive substances in a sample of adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study. JOURNAL OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRIC NURSING 2023. [PMID: 36883299 DOI: 10.1111/jcap.12412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
PROBLEM The global coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has been challenging for adolescents. Indeed, with the closure of schools and social centers and reduction of extracurricular activities, increased social isolation has compounded difficulties in and with school performance, loneliness, and social networking. Increased risk of mental health problems, substance abuse, affective disorders, suicidal ideation, and suicide has been reported in adolescents. METHODS This cross-sectional study assesses the association between loneliness, depression, anxiety, suicidal ideation, the use of social networks, and school achievement in a sample of Italian adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study also explores emotional dysregulation through the association between affective disorders (depression and anxiety), substance use, and social networks. The sample comprises adolescents in the first and second grades of high school during the pandemic; participants received an email explaining the purpose of the e-research. Data were collected using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, the Achenbach System of Empirically Based Assessment, and the Loneliness Scale. FINDINGS A total of 505 adolescents completed the web survey. Data revealed that students experienced difficulties with loneliness, problems with school achievement, and extracurricular activities. The mean scores for depression and anxiety were close to the borderline range. A total of 14.3% of adolescents intentionally harmed themselves or attempted suicide. CONCLUSIONS This study raises concerns about the impacts of the pandemic on adolescents that require the attention of adult reference figures who deal with adolescents, such as parents, teachers, and healthcare professionals. Results indicate the necessity of providing early interventions aimed at the prevention of psychopathologies and the promotion of adolescent mental health due to the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loredana Cena
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (DSCS), Section of Neuroscience, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Alice Trainini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (DSCS), Section of Neuroscience, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Sara Zecca
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (DSCS), Section of Neuroscience, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Sofia Bonetti Zappa
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (DSCS), Section of Neuroscience, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Federica Cunegatti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (DSCS), Section of Neuroscience, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Chiara Buizza
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences (DSCS), Section of Neuroscience, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
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Putra PY, Fithriyah I, Zahra Z. Internet Addiction and Online Gaming Disorder in Children and Adolescents During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review. Psychiatry Investig 2023; 20:196-204. [PMID: 36990662 PMCID: PMC10064211 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2021.0311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The Indonesian government has enforced several social restrictions to prevent the spread of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) virus, such as closures of in-person schools, public areas, and playgrounds as well as reduced outdoor activities. These restrictions will affect mental health of school-age children and adolescents. The internet is chosen as one of the media to keep academic activities running, but excessive internet use will increase internet addiction and online gaming disorder. This study aimed to understand the prevalence and psychological impacts of internet addiction and online gaming disorder on children and adolescents globally during the pandemic. Systematic searches were carried out on the PubMed, ProQuest, and Google Scholar search engines. All studies were assessed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 criteria and the Newcastle Ottawa Scale. Five studies met the criteria for assessing internet addiction and online gaming disorder cases in children and adolescents. Four studies discussed internet addiction, and one study addressed the negative impacts of online gaming on children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic. There has been an increase in internet use and online gaming disruption in children and adolescents in almost all parts of Asian and Australian countries during the COVID-19 pandemic period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patria Yudha Putra
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga/Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Izzatul Fithriyah
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga/Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Zulfa Zahra
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
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Onukwuli VO, Onyinye EN, Udigwe IB, Umeh UM, Enebe JT, Umerah AT. Internet addiction during the COVID-19 pandemic among adolescents in southeast Nigeria and implications for adolescent care in the post-pandemic era: A cross-sectional study. SAGE Open Med 2023; 11:20503121231152763. [PMID: 36860685 PMCID: PMC9969478 DOI: 10.1177/20503121231152763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors of internet addiction amongst adolescents in Southeast Nigeria during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) era. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out in 10 randomly selected secondary schools, 2 (one urban and one rural) each from Abia, Anambra, Ebonyi Enugu and Imo states of southeastern Nigeria between July and August 2021. Data on demographic variables were collected using a structured self-administered questionnaire. Young's Internet Addiction Test was used to assess the extent of internet use. Analysis was done using the IBM SPSS Statistics version 23. The level of significance was set at a p-value of <0.05. Results The mean age of the respondents was 16.2 ± 1.8 years and the male: female ratio was 1:1.6. Most of the adolescents (61.1%) used the internet for academic purposes, while 32.8% used it for social interactions and the majority (51.5%) used their phones. The prevalence of internet addiction was 88.1% (24.9% had mild, 59.6% had moderate, while 3.6% had severe addiction) and a good proportion of the respondents (81.1%) perceived addiction as bad. Internet addiction was significantly associated with the respondent's age (p = 0.043), mother's level of education (p = 0.023), family size (p = 0.021), place of residence (p = 0.035), alcohol intake (p = 0.017), smoking (p = 0.015), substance use (p = 0.001) as well as the duration of internet use (p < 0.001). Internet addiction was predicted by the male gender (adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 2.054; confidence interval (CI): 1.200-3.518), early adolescent age group (10-13 years) (AOR: 0.115; C1: 0.015-0.895) as well as the duration of internet use (AOR: 0.301; CI: 0.189-0.479). Conclusions The prevalence of internet addiction among adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic era was high. The predictors of addiction were the male gender, early adolescent age group and duration of internet use.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Uche Marian Umeh
- Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University
Teaching Hospital, Awka, Anambra, Nigeria
| | - Joseph Tochukwu Enebe
- ESUT Teaching Hospital, Parklane,
Enugu, Nigeria,Joseph Tochukwu Enebe, ESUT Teaching
Hospital, Parklane, GRA, Parklane, Enugu 400102, Nigeria.
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32
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Nong W, He Z, Ye JH, Wu YF, Wu YT, Ye JN, Sun Y. The Relationship between Short Video Flow, Addiction, Serendipity, and Achievement Motivation among Chinese Vocational School Students: The Post-Epidemic Era Context. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:healthcare11040462. [PMID: 36832995 PMCID: PMC9957412 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11040462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the COVID-19 outbreak, people have been spending more time in the online world because of restrictions on face-to-face communication due to epidemic prevention controls. This has also brought the issue of Internet addiction, including the overuse and negative effects of short videos, to the forefront of attention. Past research has found that Internet addiction has a negative impact on well-being. However, there is a special concept of positive emotion called "serendipity" (). Serendipity provides a small, fleeting but positive experience, yet it is often associated with negative perceptions from an outside perspective. However, the relationship between short video addiction and serendipity is not yet known. Based on this, a theoretical model was developed in the context of the I-PACE model. To understand the relationship between short video addiction and serendipity among college students, in this study, we conducted snowball sampling and distributed online questionnaires using the Wenjuanxing platform. The target population of the questionnaire distribution was vocational college students in China, of whom 985 valid study participants responded, yielding a valid return rate of 82.1%. Of the respondents, 410 (41.6%) were male and 575 (58.4%) were female. The results were as follows: a. short video flow had a positive relationship with serendipity, a negative relationship with achievement motivation, and a positive effect on short video addiction; b. short video addiction had a positive effect on serendipity and a negative effect on achievement motivation; and c. serendipity had a negative impact on achievement motivation. This shows that short video addiction, like other Internet addictions, can have a negative impact on students' learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiguaju Nong
- School of Education, Guangxi University of Foreign Languages, Nanning 530222, China
| | - Zhen He
- Faculty of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
- National Institute of Vocational Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Jian-Hong Ye
- Faculty of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
- National Institute of Vocational Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
- Correspondence: (J.-H.Y.); (Y.-F.W.)
| | - Yu-Feng Wu
- Office of Physical Education, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City 243303, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (J.-H.Y.); (Y.-F.W.)
| | - Yu-Tai Wu
- Office of Physical Education, Soochow University, Taipei City 111002, Taiwan
| | - Jhen-Ni Ye
- Graduate Institute of Technological & Vocational Education, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei City 106344, Taiwan
| | - Yu Sun
- Department of Industrial Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei City 106, Taiwan
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Orhon F, Ergin A, Topçu S, Çolak B, Almiş H, Durmaz N, Aygün B, Boran P, Bağ Ö, Ayçiçek T, Altun D, Başkan S. The role of social support on the relationships between internet use and sleep problems in adolescents during COVID-19 pandemic: a multicentre study. Child Adolesc Ment Health 2023; 28:117-123. [PMID: 36495099 PMCID: PMC9877940 DOI: 10.1111/camh.12626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study examines the frequency of problematic internet use and sleep problems in adolescents aged 14-18 years during the COVID-19 pandemic and identifies the impact of factors such as sociodemographic characteristics, internet habits, changes in daily life, and perceived social support on these problems. METHODS This multicentre study was a questionnaire-based online survey study. The questionnaire included the Young Internet Addiction Scale, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, as well as questions about demographic information, internet habits, and changes in daily life during pandemic. Several multivariate Backward logistic regression models were run to determine the variables that predicted problematic internet use and poor sleep quality. RESULTS It was determined that the frequency of problematic internet use was 15.5%, and the frequency of poor sleep quality was 47.8%. Poor sleep quality was found 2.5 times higher in problematic internet users. The perceived social support was found insufficient in adolescents with problematic internet use and poor sleep quality. Various factors such as the excessive use of internet and social media, low school success, lack of physical activity, lack of rules for internet use at home, and worsening of relationships with parents were found to be predictive factors for these problems. CONCLUSIONS Problematic internet use during the pandemic is associated with worsening sleep quality in adolescents. It is important to create special interventions for problematic internet use and sleep problems that develop in adolescents as a result of restrictions during the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filiz Orhon
- Division of Social Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of MedicineAnkara UniversityAnkaraTurkey
| | - Ahmet Ergin
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of MedicinePamukkale UniversityDenizliTurkey
- Division of Social Pediatrics, Department of PediatricsFaculty of Medicine, Pamukkale UniversityDenizliTurkey
| | - Seda Topçu
- Division of Social Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of MedicineAnkara UniversityAnkaraTurkey
| | - Burçin Çolak
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of MedicineAnkara UniversityAnkaraTurkey
| | - Habip Almiş
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of MedicineAdiyaman UniversityAdiyamanTurkey
| | - Nihal Durmaz
- Department of Pediatrics, Gülhane Training and Research HospitalUniversity of Health SciencesAnkaraTurkey
| | - Burcu Aygün
- Social Pediatrics PhD ProgramInstitute of Health Sciences, Marmara UniversityİstanbulTurkey
| | - Perran Boran
- Division of Social Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of MedicineMarmara UniversityIstanbulTurkey
| | - Özlem Bağ
- Dr. Behçet Uz Children's Hospital, University of Health SciencesİzmirTurkey
| | - Tuğba Ayçiçek
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of MedicineOndokuz Mayıs UniversitySamsunTurkey
| | - Demet Altun
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of MedicineUfuk UniversityAnkaraTurkey
| | - Sevgi Başkan
- Division of Social Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of MedicineAnkara UniversityAnkaraTurkey
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Social Media in Adolescents: A Retrospective Correlational Study on Addiction. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:children10020278. [PMID: 36832407 PMCID: PMC9954802 DOI: 10.3390/children10020278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Considering the growing interest in the possible effects of internet's addiction on adoles-cent's mental health, this study aimed at exploring the psychological correlates of social media and internet problematic use during the first year of the covid-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional study was conducted in a sample of secondary school students (N = 258); participants were asked to complete an online survey, investigating social media addiction (BSMAS), self-esteem (RSES), feelings of isolation (CSIQ-A) and anxiety (STAI-Y). Data analysis (descriptive statistics, correlational and regression analyses) was conducted through XLSTAT software ©. An additional ad hoc questionnaire was administrated. Findings showed that the 11% of the participants were significantly addicted to social media, mostly females (59%). Gender represented an exposure factor for the hours spent on social media and the checking activity while performing other daily activities. Significant correlations emerged between the self-report measure of social media addiction and self-esteem and anxiety. Low scores at RSES corresponded to higher checking activity, hours spent on social networks, and playing videogames that were investigated as supplementary indicators of addiction with ad hoc questionnaire. The regression analysis showed just two predictors of social media addiction, gender (female) and trait anxiety. Limitations and implications of the study were argued in order to give some indications for future programs.
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Problematic social media use, digital gaming addiction and excessive screen time among Turkish adolescents during remote schooling: implications on mental and academic well-being. MARMARA MEDICAL JOURNAL 2023. [DOI: 10.5472/marumj.1244628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Objective: The present study aimed to describe screen use patterns among Turkish adolescents during the coronavirus disease 19
(COVID-19) pandemic with a special emphasis on social media and digital gaming addiction, and explore how these are linked to
adolescents’ mental and academic well-being.
Materials and Method: The study sample consisted of 9th to 12th grade students from three public high-schools in Istanbul, Turkey
(n=201). Participants were required to complete a comprehensive questionnaire which gathered information about various domains
including problematic screen use, attitudes towards online education, and mental/academic well-being during the lockdown period.
Results: The overall screen time exhibited a significant increase during the lockdown, with the most common discretionary screen
activities being social media use, communication, and watching movies/series (p
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Hamid MS, Abo Hamza E, Rivera RM, Carballea D, Mohamed NIA. Addiction to medical websites post COVID-19 pandemic: a predictor of illness anxiety disorder among Arabian youth. DISCOVER PSYCHOLOGY 2023. [PMCID: PMC10027275 DOI: 10.1007/s44202-023-00067-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Background The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has significantly impacted every region of the world. During these unprecedented times, college students have been experiencing severe mental health issues concerning excessive internet usage. On average, 42.9% of students in Egypt utilized the internet (Anwar et al. in J Public Health 30:1753–1762, 2022). Arabs quickly diagnose themselves online using medical websites. The issue is exacerbated by drugs bought without a prescription (Alghadeer et al. in Saudi Pharm J 26:719–724, 2018). Methods This study examined he relationship between addiction to medical websites and behaviors related to Illness Anxiety Disorder among a population of Arabic university students. A sample consisting of N = 368 youths was examined. Results Bivariate linear regression, Z score, R2, t-test, ANOVA, mean, and standard deviation were used for statistical analysis. The findings of the study revealed a linear equation that predicts illness anxiety in adolescents. The correlation between medical website addiction and hypochondria was found to be 0.69. Furthermore, male participants were more addicted to medical websites than female participants. Conclusions Findings supported the notion that addiction to medical websites significantly predicts hypochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed S. Hamid
- grid.7269.a0000 0004 0621 1570Present Address: Department of Mental Health, College of Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eid Abo Hamza
- grid.444473.40000 0004 1762 9411College of Education, Humanities & Social Sciences, Al Ain University, Al Ain, UAE
- grid.412258.80000 0000 9477 7793Faculty of Education, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Rita M. Rivera
- grid.26790.3a0000 0004 1936 8606Albizu University-Miami, Doral, USA
| | - Denise Carballea
- grid.26790.3a0000 0004 1936 8606Albizu University-Miami, Doral, USA
| | - Nagwa Ibrahim A. Mohamed
- grid.7269.a0000 0004 0621 1570Present Address: Department of Mental Health, College of Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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AY YILMAZ Y, AYDOĞDU F, KOÇTÜRK N. A Systematic Overview of Adolescents’ Smartphone Habits and Internet Addiction During the COVID-19 Era. PSIKIYATRIDE GUNCEL YAKLASIMLAR - CURRENT APPROACHES IN PSYCHIATRY 2022. [DOI: 10.18863/pgy.1064501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In order to prevent the spread of the virus during the Covid-19 epidemic period, measures such as maintaining social distance, quarantine practices, and keeping schools closed have been taken in many countries. In this process, individuals' internet use has also increased in order to restore interpersonal relationships that have decreased with staying at home. In addition, the transfer of educational activities, which are risky to be carried out face-to-face during the epidemic period, to online platforms, as in many countries, brought about an increase in the time spent on devices with internet providers in adolescents. For this reason, it is important to evaluate the results of studies examining the concepts of internet and smartphone addiction in relation to the use of the internet in the Covid-19 period. In this context, in this systematic review, "What is the status of adolescents' smartphone and internet addictions in the Covid-19 Era?" The question has been tried to be answered. As a result of the searches made in the databases, fourteen studies were reached and these studies were examined in depth. The findings showed that adolescents’ internet/smartphone addictions were higher than before the epidemic, the prevalence of internet/smartphone addictions increased in general, and internet/smartphone addictions were associated with adolescents' mental disorders and problems.
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Relationship between Internet Addiction, Personality Factors, and Emotional Distress among Adolescents in Malaysia. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:children9121883. [PMID: 36553330 PMCID: PMC9776460 DOI: 10.3390/children9121883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
COVID-19 has significantly affected the mental health of adolescents, thus increasing the emotional distress among them. Studies have reported that heavy Internet use during COVID-19 was linked with poor mental health among adolescents. Additionally, it was found that personality factors are linked with mental health in general. Although past literature has reported the effect of personality factors on mental health, there are limited studies examining the underlying mechanisms among Malaysian adolescents. Therefore, the current study offers an understanding of the intervening role of personality factors in the relationship between Internet addiction and emotional distress among adolescents in Malaysia. This study also aimed to determine the prevalence of Internet addiction and emotional distress (depression, stress, and anxiety) among adolescents in Malaysia. There are a total of 500 participants from 7 secondary schools who range from 13 to 19 years of age. This was a cross-sectional study, and 3 valid questionnaires were used: The Internet Addiction Test (IAT), the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21), and the Ten-Item Personality Inventory (TIPI). Partial least square structure equation modelling (SmartPLS) was used to analyse the mediation models. The results showed that the prevalence of Internet addiction among adolescents was 29.6% and the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress among adolescents were 64.8%, 78%, and 51.4%, respectively. Furthermore, mediation analysis showed only emotional stability mediated the relationship between Internet addiction and emotional distress, but not openness to experience, extraversion, conscientiousness, or agreeableness. It is proposed that mental health providers should focus on providing emotion-related interventions to adolescents confronting COVID-19 challenges, ultimately improving mental health.
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Marzilli E, Cerniglia L, Cimino S, Tambelli R. Internet Addiction among Young Adult University Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Role of Peritraumatic Distress, Attachment, and Alexithymia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph192315582. [PMID: 36497656 PMCID: PMC9739655 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192315582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The literature focused on the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on young adult university students' mental health shows a significant increase in psychopathological symptoms and Internet Addiction (IA). The key role played by attachment and alexithymia has also been suggested, but no study has explored the possible dynamic relationship between these variables. We recruited a sample of n = 410 young adult university students online. We assessed the attachment to parents and peers (through IPPA), alexithymia (through TAS-20), peritraumatic distress symptoms due to COVID-19 (through CPDI), and IA (through IAT). The results showed that the relationship between the attachment to mothers and IA was partially mediated by alexithymia and by the serial mediation of alexithymia and peritraumatic distress, whereas the influence of the attachment to fathers on IA was fully mediated by peritraumatic distress. The direct effects of the attachment to peers on alexithymia, peritraumatic distress, and IA were all significant, as were the indirect paths via the simple mediation of both alexithymia and peritraumatic distress and the multiple serial mediation of alexithymia and peritraumatic distress. Our findings suggested that the relationship between attachment, alexithymia, and psychopathological risk is dynamic in predicting IA during the pandemic among young adult university students and that the different attachment figures exert a peculiar contribution to these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Marzilli
- Department of Dynamic, Clinical & Health Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Cerniglia
- Faculty of Psychology, International Telematic University Uninettuno, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Cimino
- Department of Dynamic, Clinical & Health Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Renata Tambelli
- Department of Dynamic, Clinical & Health Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
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Paulus FW, Joas J, Gerstner I, Kühn A, Wenning M, Gehrke T, Burckhart H, Richter U, Nonnenmacher A, Zemlin M, Lücke T, Brinkmann F, Rothoeft T, Lehr T, Möhler E. Problematic Internet Use among Adolescents 18 Months after the Onset of the COVID-19 Pandemic. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:1724. [PMID: 36360452 PMCID: PMC9689314 DOI: 10.3390/children9111724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Studies in recent years and especially since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic have shown a significant increase in the problematic use of computer games and social media. Adolescents having difficulties in regulating their unpleasant emotions are especially prone to Problematic Internet Use (PIU), which is why emotion dysregulation has been considered a risk factor for PIU. The aim of the present study was to assess problematic internet use (PIU) in adolescents after the third wave (nearly 1.5 years after the onset in Europe) of the COVID-19 pandemic. In the German region of Siegen-Wittgenstein, all students 12 years and older from secondary-level schools, vocational schools and universities were offered a prioritized vaccination in August 2021 with an approved vaccine against COVID-19. In this context, the participants filled out the Short Compulsive Internet Use Scale (SCIUS) and two additional items to capture a possible change in digital media usage time and regulation of negative affect due to the COVID-19 pandemic. A multiple regression analysis was performed to identify predictors of PIU. The original sample consisted of 1477 participants, and after excluding invalid cases the final sample size amounted to 1268 adolescents aged 12-17 (x = 14.37 years, SD = 1.64). The average prevalence of PIU was 43.69%. Gender, age, digital media usage time and the intensity of negative emotions during the COVID-19 pandemic were all found to be significant predictors of PIU: female gender, increasing age, longer digital media usage time and higher intensity of negative emotions during the COVID-19 pandemic were associated with higher SCIUS total scores. This study found a very high prevalence of PIU among 12- to 17-year-olds for the period after the third wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, which has increased significantly compared to pre-pandemic prevalence rates. PIU is emerging as a serious problem among young people in the pandemic. Besides gender and age, pandemic-associated time of digital media use and emotion regulation have an impact on PIU, which provides starting points for preventive interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank W. Paulus
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Saarland University Hospital, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Jens Joas
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Saarland University Hospital, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Ida Gerstner
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Saarland University Hospital, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Anna Kühn
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Markus Wenning
- Medical Association, Westfalen-Lippe, 48151 Münster, Germany
| | - Thomas Gehrke
- Medical Association, Westfalen-Lippe, 48151 Münster, Germany
- Vaccination Center, 57072 Siegen, Germany
| | - Holger Burckhart
- School of Education and Psychology, Siegen University, 57072 Siegen, Germany
| | - Ulf Richter
- School of Education and Psychology, Siegen University, 57072 Siegen, Germany
| | | | - Michael Zemlin
- Department of General Pediatrics and Neonatology, Saarland University Hospital, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Lücke
- Medical Association, Westfalen-Lippe, 48151 Münster, Germany
- Department of Pediatrics, Ruhr University, 44791 Bochum, Germany
| | - Folke Brinkmann
- Department of Pediatrics, Ruhr University, 44791 Bochum, Germany
| | - Tobias Rothoeft
- Department of Pediatrics, Ruhr University, 44791 Bochum, Germany
| | - Thorsten Lehr
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Eva Möhler
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Saarland University Hospital, 66421 Homburg, Germany
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Chen KC, Liu S, Lin MP, Lee YT, Wu JYW, Lin CA, You J. A Moderated Mediation Model of the Relationship Between Depression and Internet Addiction: Mediation by Refusal Self-Efficacy of Internet Use and Moderation by Online and Real-Life Social Support. Int J Ment Health Addict 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-022-00949-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Li C, Ning G, Xia Y, Guo K, Liu Q. Does the Internet Bring People Closer Together or Further Apart? The Impact of Internet Usage on Interpersonal Communications. Behav Sci (Basel) 2022; 12:bs12110425. [PMID: 36354402 PMCID: PMC9687672 DOI: 10.3390/bs12110425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The complementarity interference (CI) model suggests that the Internet may either inhibit or facilitate interpersonal communications. This paper empirically examines the impact of Internet usage on interpersonal interactions, using a micro dataset from China to answer whether the Internet brings people closer together or further apart. The empirical results demonstrate, first, that Internet usage significantly increases both the time and frequency of people’s communications with their family and friends, rather than causing them to feel more disconnected and isolated. Holding other factors constant, for each one-standard-deviation increase in Internet usage, weekly communications with family members increases by an average of 102.150 min, while there is an average increase of 54.838 min in interactions with friends. These findings as to its positive effects are robust when using other regression models and interpersonal contact measures, as well as the instrumental variable method. Second, Internet usage also contributes to decreased loneliness; it exerts this effect primarily by improving people’s interactions with their family members. However, communications with friends do not significantly mediate such impacts. Third, the positive role of Internet usage on communications is more prominent for people with more frequent online socialization and self-presentation, better online skills, younger age, higher educational level, and who are living in urban areas. In addition, the beneficial effects of Internet usage are larger for communications with family members in the case of migrants. Therefore, in the context of the rapid development of information technology, the network infrastructure should be improved to make better use of the Internet to facilitate interpersonal communications and promote people’s wellness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Li
- Business School, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China
- Correspondence: (C.L.); (G.N.)
| | - Guangjie Ning
- Business School, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China
- Correspondence: (C.L.); (G.N.)
| | - Yuxin Xia
- HSBC Business School, Peking University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Kaiyi Guo
- Business School, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Qianqian Liu
- Business School, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China
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Emadi Chashmi SJ, Hasani J, Kuss DJ, Griffiths MD, Shahrajabian F. Tolerance for ambiguity, reappraisal, and suppression mediate the relationship between problematic internet use and procrastination. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 42:1-22. [PMID: 36248214 PMCID: PMC9550598 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03745-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The current scientific literature lacks studies on the relationship between problematic internet use (PIU) and procrastination, especially regarding the mediating mechanisms underlying this relationship. The present study examined the association between procrastination and PIU, as well as determining the mediating roles of tolerance for ambiguity, reappraisal, and suppression. The conceptual model was tested using data collected from 434 Iranian college students. The participants completed a number of psychometric scales assessing procrastination, PIU, tolerance for ambiguity, reappraisal, and suppression. Structural equation modeling was used to test the hypothesized model. Results showed that PIU, tolerance for ambiguity, and suppression were positively associated with procrastination, and that there was a negative association between reappraisal and procrastination. Moreover, the mediation analysis indicated that tolerance for ambiguity, reappraisal, and suppression fully mediated the association between PIU and procrastination. However, it is also possible to interpret the results as suggesting that PIU is unimportant as a predictor for procrastination once mediators are controlled for.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jafar Hasani
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Daria J. Kuss
- International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, 50 Shakespeare Street, Nottingham, NG1 4FQ UK
| | - Mark D. Griffiths
- International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, 50 Shakespeare Street, Nottingham, NG1 4FQ UK
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Estimation of Behavioral Addiction Prevalence During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. CURRENT ADDICTION REPORTS 2022; 9:486-517. [PMID: 36118286 PMCID: PMC9465150 DOI: 10.1007/s40429-022-00435-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Purpose of Review The COVID-19 pandemic changed people’s lifestyles and such changed lifestyles included the potential of increasing addictive behaviors. The present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the prevalence of different behavioral addictions (i.e., internet addiction, smartphone addiction, gaming addiction, social media addiction, food addiction, exercise addiction, gambling addiction, and shopping addiction) both overall and separately. Recent Findings Four databases (PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Knowledge, and ProQuest) were searched. Peer-reviewed papers published in English between December 2019 and July 2022 were reviewed and analyzed. Search terms were selected using PECO-S criteria: population (no limitation in participants’ characteristics), exposure (COVID-19 pandemic), comparison (healthy populations), outcome (frequency or prevalence of behavioral addiction), and study design (observational study). A total of 94 studies with 237,657 participants from 40 different countries (mean age 25.02 years; 57.41% females). The overall prevalence of behavioral addiction irrespective of addiction type (after correcting for publication bias) was 11.1% (95% CI: 5.4 to 16.8%). The prevalence rates for each separate behavioral addiction (after correcting for publication bias) were 10.6% for internet addiction, 30.7% for smartphone addiction, 5.3% for gaming addiction, 15.1% for social media addiction, 21% for food addiction, 9.4% for sex addiction, 7% for exercise addiction, 7.2% for gambling addiction, and 7.2% for shopping addiction. In the lockdown periods, prevalence of food addiction, gaming addiction, and social media addiction was higher compared to non-lockdown periods. Smartphone and social media addiction was associated with methodological quality of studies (i.e., the higher the risk of boas, the higher the prevalence rate). Other associated factors of social media addiction were the percentage of female participants, mean age of participants, percentage of individuals using the internet in country, and developing status of country. The percentage of individuals in the population using the internet was associated with all the prevalence of behavioral addiction overall and the prevalence of sex addiction and gambling addiction. Gaming addiction prevalence was associated with data collection method (online vs. other methods) that is gaming addiction prevalence was much lower using online methods to collect the data. Summary Behavioral addictions appeared to be potential health issues during the COVID-19 pandemic. Healthcare providers and government authorities should foster some campaigns that assist people in coping with stress during COVID-19 pandemics to prevent them from developing behavioral addictions during COVID-19 and subsequent pandemics. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40429-022-00435-6.
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Kovačić Petrović Z, Peraica T, Kozarić-Kovačić D, Palavra IR. Internet use and internet-based addictive behaviours during coronavirus pandemic. Curr Opin Psychiatry 2022; 35:324-331. [PMID: 35855504 DOI: 10.1097/yco.0000000000000804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The COVID-19 outbreak profoundly influenced human lives on different levels. This narrative review aims to present recent data relating to the COVID-19 pandemic and internet use and internet-based addictive behaviours [problematic Internet use (PIU), Internet addiction, Internet gaming disorder, problem gambling or gambling disorder, social media addiction including smartphone use disorder, problematic pornography use, and compulsive buying]. RECENT FINDINGS During the COVID-19 pandemic, the prevalence of Internet use and Internet-based addictive behaviours increased in all age groups. The COVID-19 pandemic and related containment measures were been associated with increased levels of stress, anxiety, and depression in the general population, especially among children and adolescents, which are the vulnerable groups for the development of mental disorders during the crisis. Furthermore, the fear resulting from the disease, the 'lockdown' measures, high levels of uncertainty regarding the future, and financial insecurity increased levels of loneliness, PIU, and Internet addiction. SUMMARY Longitudinal researches focused on the negative impacts of Internet use in prolonged stress situations on mental health, vulnerable groups, and quality of life (QoL) are needed to help clinicians and policymakers to reduce adverse consequences. Prevention programs for Internet use and Internet-based addictive behaviours must be customized to meet the needs of children, adolescents, and adults. Also, treatment programs must be tailored to the needs of patients with different Internet-based addictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zrnka Kovačić Petrović
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, University of Zagreb School of Medicine
- Department of Addiction, University Hospital Vrapče
| | - Tina Peraica
- Department of Psychiatry, Referral Centre for Stress-Related Disorders of the Ministry of Health, University Hospital Dubrava, Zagreb
- Department of Forensic Sciences, University of Split, Split
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Online dialectical behavioral therapy for adults with internet addiction: A quasi-experimental trial during the COVID-19 pandemic. Psychiatry Res 2022; 315:114698. [PMID: 35792416 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The pathological use of the Internet has surged during the pandemic, even though service provisions were negatively impacted. Telepsychiatry can be used as a solution to maintain psychiatric addiction services. This study examined the efficacy of online group dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT) for Internet addiction (IA), compared to cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). Participants were divided into two arms for 8 weeks: the experimental arm received eight sessions of online DBT skill group training (n = 20), and the control arm received four sessions of online individual CBT (n = 20). All participants were required to complete a sociodemographic and Internet use survey, the Internet Addiction Test (IAT), and the University of Rhode Island Change Assessment (URICA). All participants completed the therapy. Of the 40 participants, six (15%) perceived the need for therapy and one (2.5%) participant had a history of seeking IA therapy. In the pre-post comparison, significant improvements were noted in the IAT and URICA scores as well as Internet use duration for both arms. No significant differences were observed across the arms and in the time-by-arm interaction. Online group DBT is a viable alternative to online CBT in an acute constrained setting, although further studies are required to scrutinize its long-term efficacy. Trial Registration: ISRCTN17273762.
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Saffari M, Chen HP, Chang CW, Fan CW, Huang SW, Chen JS, Chang KC, Lin CY. Effects of sleep quality on the association between problematic internet use and quality of life in people with substance use disorder. BJPsych Open 2022; 8:e155. [PMID: 35946067 PMCID: PMC9380240 DOI: 10.1192/bjo.2022.557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Problematic internet use, especially in people with substance use disorder, may negatively affect their quality of life (QoL). However, it is unclear whether sleep quality is a key mediator in the association between problematic internet use and QoL among people with substance use disorder. AIMS This study aimed to investigate the relationship between problematic internet use and QoL and how sleep quality may mediate the association between these two variables. METHOD Overall, 319 people (85% male) with substance use disorder (mean age 42.2 years, s.d. 8.9) participated in a cross-sectional study in Taiwan. The Smartphone Application-Based Addiction Scale, Bergan Social Media Addiction Scale, Internet Gaming Disorder-Short Form, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire Brief Version were used. RESULTS The prevalence of sleep problems was 56%. There were significant and direct associations between sleep quality and two types of problematic internet use, and between sleep quality and different dimensions of QoL. All types of problematic internet use were significantly and negatively correlated with QoL. Mediated effects of sleep quality in relationships between the different types of problematic internet use and all dimensions of QoL were significant, except for problematic use of social media. CONCLUSIONS Different types of problematic internet use in people with substance use disorder may be directly associated with reduced QoL. Sleep quality as a significant mediator in this association may be an underlying mechanism to explain pathways between problematic internet use and QoL in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Saffari
- Health Research Center, Lifestyle Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; and Health Education Department, School of Health, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hsin-Pao Chen
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; and School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Wen Chang
- Graduate Institute of Social Work, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wei Fan
- Department of Occupational Therapy, AdventHealth University, Florida, USA
| | - Shih-Wei Huang
- Institute of Environmental Toxin and Emerging Contaminant, Cheng Shiu University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; and Center for Environmental Toxin and Emerging-Contaminant Research, Cheng Shiu University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Sheng Chen
- Department of Medical Research, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Chia Chang
- Department of General Psychiatry, Jianan Psychiatric Center, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Tainan, Taiwan; and Department of Natural Biotechnology, Nan Hua University, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Ying Lin
- Institute of Allied Health Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Biostatistics Consulting Center, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; and Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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Wei C, Li Z, Ma T, Jiang X, Yu C, Xu Q. Stressful life events and non-suicidal self-injury among Chinese adolescents: A moderated mediation model of depression and resilience. Front Public Health 2022; 10:944726. [PMID: 35991060 PMCID: PMC9387939 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.944726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Stressful life events are associated with an increased risk of non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) in adolescence, but the mechanisms explaining this association are unclear. Based on the experiential avoidance model of NSSI, and the protective factor model of resilience, the current study tested depression as a mediator and resilience as a moderator of this association. Chinese adolescents (N = 643; Mage = 15.91; 52.10 % female), anonymously completed self-report measures in classrooms. Results showed that stressful life events was linked to adolescent NSSI in part because of adolescent depression, and resilience was a protective factor that buffered this effect. These findings can inspire practitioners to pay attention to the interaction of risk factors and protective factors when providing prevention and intervention for adolescent NSSI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Wei
- Research Center for Rural Educational and Cultural Development of Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences in Hubei Province, School of Education, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyong Li
- College of Education Science, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, China
| | - Tao Ma
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaxia Jiang
- Research Center for Rural Educational and Cultural Development of Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences in Hubei Province, School of Education, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
- School of Psychology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaxia Jiang
| | - Chengfu Yu
- School of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian Xu
- Research Center for Rural Educational and Cultural Development of Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences in Hubei Province, School of Education, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
- Qian Xu
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Luo H, Gong X, Chen X, Hu J, Wang X, Sun Y, Li J, Lv S, Zhang X. Exploring the links between alexithymia and cognitive emotion regulation strategies in internet addiction: A network analysis model. Front Psychol 2022; 13:938116. [PMID: 35978791 PMCID: PMC9376254 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.938116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Alexithymia and emotion regulation are closely related to internet addiction. However, no research has examined how the different components of alexithymia are associated with cognitive emotion regulation in the context of multi-strategy use in internet addiction. The current study aimed to investigate the relation between alexithymia and cognitive emotion regulation in individuals with internet addiction via network analysis. Participants included 560 students with Young’s Internet Addiction Test scores greater than 50 points; they were also asked to complete the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) and the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ). The results revealed two bridge nodes emerging within the combined alexithymia and cognitive emotion regulation network model: “catastrophizing” and “externally oriented thoughts.” These findings indicate a more specific relation between alexithymia and cognitive emotion regulation and provide empirical evidence for targeted prevention and targeted interventions for internet addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongge Luo
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
- College of Psychology, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Xun Gong
- College of Psychology, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Xiaomei Chen
- The Department of Marxist Teaching, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Jianing Hu
- College of Psychology, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Xiaoyi Wang
- College of Psychology, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Yekun Sun
- College of Psychology, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Jiating Li
- College of Psychology, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Shaobo Lv
- College of Psychology, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Xiujun Zhang
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
- *Correspondence: Xiujun Zhang,
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