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Chen Y, Yang K, Xu M, Zhang Y, Weng X, Luo J, Li Y, Mao YH. Dietary Patterns, Gut Microbiota and Sports Performance in Athletes: A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2024; 16:1634. [PMID: 38892567 PMCID: PMC11175060 DOI: 10.3390/nu16111634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The intestinal tract of humans harbors a dynamic and complex bacterial community known as the gut microbiota, which plays a crucial role in regulating functions such as metabolism and immunity in the human body. Numerous studies conducted in recent decades have also highlighted the significant potential of the gut microbiota in promoting human health. It is widely recognized that training and nutrition strategies are pivotal factors that allow athletes to achieve optimal performance. Consequently, there has been an increasing focus on whether training and dietary patterns influence sports performance through their impact on the gut microbiota. In this review, we aim to present the concept and primary functions of the gut microbiota, explore the relationship between exercise and the gut microbiota, and specifically examine the popular dietary patterns associated with athletes' sports performance while considering their interaction with the gut microbiota. Finally, we discuss the potential mechanisms by which dietary patterns affect sports performance from a nutritional perspective, aiming to elucidate the intricate interplay among dietary patterns, the gut microbiota, and sports performance. We have found that the precise application of specific dietary patterns (ketogenic diet, plant-based diet, high-protein diet, Mediterranean diet, and high intake of carbohydrate) can improve vascular function and reduce the risk of illness in health promotion, etc., as well as promoting recovery and controlling weight with regard to improving sports performance, etc. In conclusion, although it can be inferred that certain aspects of an athlete's ability may benefit from specific dietary patterns mediated by the gut microbiota to some extent, further high-quality clinical studies are warranted to substantiate these claims and elucidate the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonglin Chen
- School of Exercise and Health, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou 510500, China; (Y.C.); (K.Y.); (Y.Z.); (X.W.); (J.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Keer Yang
- School of Exercise and Health, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou 510500, China; (Y.C.); (K.Y.); (Y.Z.); (X.W.); (J.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Mingxin Xu
- The Fifth College of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510500, China;
| | - Yishuo Zhang
- School of Exercise and Health, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou 510500, China; (Y.C.); (K.Y.); (Y.Z.); (X.W.); (J.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Xiquan Weng
- School of Exercise and Health, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou 510500, China; (Y.C.); (K.Y.); (Y.Z.); (X.W.); (J.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Jiaji Luo
- School of Exercise and Health, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou 510500, China; (Y.C.); (K.Y.); (Y.Z.); (X.W.); (J.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yanshuo Li
- School of Exercise and Health, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou 510500, China; (Y.C.); (K.Y.); (Y.Z.); (X.W.); (J.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yu-Heng Mao
- School of Exercise and Health, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou 510500, China; (Y.C.); (K.Y.); (Y.Z.); (X.W.); (J.L.); (Y.L.)
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Human Sports Performance Science, Guangzhou 510500, China
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Zambrano AK, Cadena-Ullauri S, Ruiz-Pozo VA, Tamayo-Trujillo R, Paz-Cruz E, Guevara-Ramírez P, Frias-Toral E, Simancas-Racines D. Impact of fundamental components of the Mediterranean diet on the microbiota composition in blood pressure regulation. J Transl Med 2024; 22:417. [PMID: 38702795 PMCID: PMC11067105 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05175-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) is a widely studied dietary pattern reflecting the culinary traditions of Mediterranean regions. High adherence to MedDiet correlates with reduced blood pressure and lower cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence and mortality. Furthermore, microbiota, influenced by diet, plays a crucial role in cardiovascular health, and dysbiosis in CVD patients suggests the possible beneficial effects of microbiota modulation on blood pressure. The MedDiet, rich in fiber and polyphenols, shapes a distinct microbiota, associated with higher biodiversity and positive health effects. The review aims to describe how various Mediterranean diet components impact gut microbiota, influencing blood pressure dynamics. MAIN BODY The MedDiet promotes gut health and blood pressure regulation through its various components. For instance, whole grains promote a healthy gut microbiota given that they act as substrates leading to the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) that can modulate the immune response, preserve gut barrier integrity, and regulate energy metabolism. Other components of the MedDiet, including olive oil, fuits, vegetables, red wine, fish, and lean proteins, have also been associated with blood pressure and gut microbiota regulation. CONCLUSION The MedDiet is a dietary approach that offers several health benefits in terms of cardiovascular disease management and its associated risk factors, including hypertension. Furthermore, the intake of MedDiet components promote a favorable gut microbiota environment, which, in turn, has been shown that aids in other physiological processes like blood pressure regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Karina Zambrano
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, 170527, Ecuador.
| | - Santiago Cadena-Ullauri
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, 170527, Ecuador
| | - Viviana A Ruiz-Pozo
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, 170527, Ecuador
| | - Rafael Tamayo-Trujillo
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, 170527, Ecuador
| | - Elius Paz-Cruz
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, 170527, Ecuador
| | - Patricia Guevara-Ramírez
- Centro de Investigación Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, 170527, Ecuador
| | - Evelyn Frias-Toral
- Escuela de Medicina, Universidad Espíritu Santo, Samborondón, 0901952, Ecuador
| | - Daniel Simancas-Racines
- Centro de Investigación de Salud Pública y Epidemiología Clínica (CISPEC), Universidad UTE, Quito, 170527, Ecuador
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Abrignani V, Salvo A, Pacinella G, Tuttolomondo A. The Mediterranean Diet, Its Microbiome Connections, and Cardiovascular Health: A Narrative Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4942. [PMID: 38732161 PMCID: PMC11084172 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet (MD), rich in minimally processed plant foods and in monounsaturated fats but low in saturated fats, meat, and dairy products, represents one of the most studied diets for cardiovascular health. It has been shown, from both observational and randomized controlled trials, that MD reduces body weight, improves cardiovascular disease surrogates such as waist-to-hip ratios, lipids, and inflammation markers, and even prevents the development of fatal and nonfatal cardiovascular disease, diabetes, obesity, and other diseases. However, it is unclear whether it offers cardiovascular benefits from its individual components or as a whole. Furthermore, limitations in the methodology of studies and meta-analyses have raised some concerns over its potential cardiovascular benefits. MD is also associated with characteristic changes in the intestinal microbiota, mediated through its constituents. These include increased growth of species producing short-chain fatty acids, such as Clostridium leptum and Eubacterium rectale, increased growth of Bifidobacteria, Bacteroides, and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii species, and reduced growth of Firmicutes and Blautia species. Such changes are known to be favorably associated with inflammation, oxidative status, and overall metabolic health. This review will focus on the effects of MD on cardiovascular health through its action on gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Abrignani
- Internal Medicine and Stroke Care Ward, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (V.A.); (A.S.); (G.P.)
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Andrea Salvo
- Internal Medicine and Stroke Care Ward, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (V.A.); (A.S.); (G.P.)
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Gaetano Pacinella
- Internal Medicine and Stroke Care Ward, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (V.A.); (A.S.); (G.P.)
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonino Tuttolomondo
- Internal Medicine and Stroke Care Ward, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (V.A.); (A.S.); (G.P.)
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
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Chen L, Dai J, Yu G, Pang WW, Rahman ML, Liu X, Fiehn O, Guivarch C, Chen Z, Zhang C. Metabolomic Biomarkers of Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) Dietary Patterns in Pregnant Women. Nutrients 2024; 16:492. [PMID: 38398816 PMCID: PMC10892314 DOI: 10.3390/nu16040492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective: the aim of this study was to identify plasma metabolomic markers of Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) dietary patterns in pregnant women. Methods: This study included 186 women who had both dietary intake and metabolome measured from a nested case-control study within the NICHD Fetal Growth Studies-Singletons cohort (FGS). Dietary intakes were ascertained at 8-13 gestational weeks (GW) using the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) and DASH scores were calculated based on eight food and nutrient components. Fasting plasma samples were collected at 15-26 GW and untargeted metabolomic profiling was performed. Multivariable linear regression models were used to examine the association of individual metabolites with the DASH score. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression was used to select a panel of metabolites jointly associated with the DASH score. Results: Of the total 460 known metabolites, 92 were individually associated with DASH score in linear regressions, 25 were selected as a panel by LASSO regressions, and 18 were identified by both methods. Among the top 18 metabolites, there were 11 lipids and lipid-like molecules (i.e., TG (49:1), TG (52:2), PC (31:0), PC (35:3), PC (36:4) C, PC (36:5) B, PC (38:4) B, PC (42:6), SM (d32:0), gamma-tocopherol, and dodecanoic acid), 5 organic acids and derivatives (i.e., asparagine, beta-alanine, glycine, taurine, and hydroxycarbamate), 1 organic oxygen compound (i.e., xylitol), and 1 organoheterocyclic compound (i.e., maleimide). Conclusions: our study identified plasma metabolomic markers for DASH dietary patterns in pregnant women, with most of being lipids and lipid-like molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwei Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (L.C.); (J.D.); (X.L.)
| | - Jin Dai
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (L.C.); (J.D.); (X.L.)
| | - Guoqi Yu
- Global Center for Asian Women’s Health, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore; (G.Y.); (W.W.P.); (C.G.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
- Bia-Echo Asia Centre for Reproductive Longevity and Equality (ACRLE), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Wei Wei Pang
- Global Center for Asian Women’s Health, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore; (G.Y.); (W.W.P.); (C.G.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
- Bia-Echo Asia Centre for Reproductive Longevity and Equality (ACRLE), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Mohammad L. Rahman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20850, USA;
| | - Xinyue Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (L.C.); (J.D.); (X.L.)
| | - Oliver Fiehn
- West Coast Metabolomics Center, UC Davis Genome Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA;
| | - Claire Guivarch
- Global Center for Asian Women’s Health, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore; (G.Y.); (W.W.P.); (C.G.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
- Bia-Echo Asia Centre for Reproductive Longevity and Equality (ACRLE), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Zhen Chen
- Division of Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
| | - Cuilin Zhang
- Global Center for Asian Women’s Health, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore; (G.Y.); (W.W.P.); (C.G.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
- Bia-Echo Asia Centre for Reproductive Longevity and Equality (ACRLE), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
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Yang W, Jiang W, Guo S. Regulation of Macronutrients in Insulin Resistance and Glucose Homeostasis during Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Nutrients 2023; 15:4671. [PMID: 37960324 PMCID: PMC10647592 DOI: 10.3390/nu15214671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin resistance is an important feature of metabolic syndrome and a precursor of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Overnutrition-induced obesity is a major risk factor for the development of insulin resistance and T2DM. The intake of macronutrients plays a key role in maintaining energy balance. The components of macronutrients distinctly regulate insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis. Precisely adjusting the beneficial food compound intake is important for the prevention of insulin resistance and T2DM. Here, we reviewed the effects of different components of macronutrients on insulin sensitivity and their underlying mechanisms, including fructose, dietary fiber, saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, and amino acids. Understanding the diet-gene interaction will help us to better uncover the molecular mechanisms of T2DM and promote the application of precision nutrition in practice by integrating multi-omics analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shaodong Guo
- Department of Nutrition, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (W.Y.); (W.J.)
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Bicknell B, Liebert A, Borody T, Herkes G, McLachlan C, Kiat H. Neurodegenerative and Neurodevelopmental Diseases and the Gut-Brain Axis: The Potential of Therapeutic Targeting of the Microbiome. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119577. [PMID: 37298527 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The human gut microbiome contains the largest number of bacteria in the body and has the potential to greatly influence metabolism, not only locally but also systemically. There is an established link between a healthy, balanced, and diverse microbiome and overall health. When the gut microbiome becomes unbalanced (dysbiosis) through dietary changes, medication use, lifestyle choices, environmental factors, and ageing, this has a profound effect on our health and is linked to many diseases, including lifestyle diseases, metabolic diseases, inflammatory diseases, and neurological diseases. While this link in humans is largely an association of dysbiosis with disease, in animal models, a causative link can be demonstrated. The link between the gut and the brain is particularly important in maintaining brain health, with a strong association between dysbiosis in the gut and neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental diseases. This link suggests not only that the gut microbiota composition can be used to make an early diagnosis of neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental diseases but also that modifying the gut microbiome to influence the microbiome-gut-brain axis might present a therapeutic target for diseases that have proved intractable, with the aim of altering the trajectory of neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, autism spectrum disorder, and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, among others. There is also a microbiome-gut-brain link to other potentially reversible neurological diseases, such as migraine, post-operative cognitive dysfunction, and long COVID, which might be considered models of therapy for neurodegenerative disease. The role of traditional methods in altering the microbiome, as well as newer, more novel treatments such as faecal microbiome transplants and photobiomodulation, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Bicknell
- NICM Health Research Institute, University of Western Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Ann Liebert
- NICM Health Research Institute, University of Western Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
- Department of Governance and Research, Sydney Adventist Hospital, Wahroonga, NSW 2076, Australia
| | - Thomas Borody
- Centre for Digestive Diseases, Five Dock, NSW 2046, Australia
| | - Geoffrey Herkes
- Department of Governance and Research, Sydney Adventist Hospital, Wahroonga, NSW 2076, Australia
| | - Craig McLachlan
- Centre for Healthy Futures, Torrens University Australia, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Hosen Kiat
- NICM Health Research Institute, University of Western Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
- Centre for Healthy Futures, Torrens University Australia, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
- Macquarie Medical School, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
- ANU College of Health and Medicine, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
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Barber TM, Kabisch S, Pfeiffer AFH, Weickert MO. The Effects of the Mediterranean Diet on Health and Gut Microbiota. Nutrients 2023; 15:2150. [PMID: 37432307 DOI: 10.3390/nu15092150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The Mediterranean Diet (MD) is plant-based and consists of multiple daily portions of vegetables, fruit, cereals, and olive oil. Although there are challenges with isolating the MD from the typical Mediterranean lifestyle and culture (including prolonged 'social' meals and siestas), much evidence supports the health benefits of the MD that include improved longevity, reduced metabolic risk of Diabetes Mellitus, obesity, and Metabolic Syndrome, reduced risk of malignancy and cardiovascular disease, and improved cognitive function. The MD is also associated with characteristic modifications to gut microbiota, mediated through its constituent parts (primarily dietary fibres, extra virgin olive oil, and polyunsaturated fatty acids [including ω-3]). These include enhanced growth of species that produce short-chain fatty acids (butyrate), such as Clostridium leptum and Eubacterium rectale, enhanced growth of Bifidobacteria, Bacteroides, and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii species, and reduced growth of Firmicutes and Blautia species. Such changes in gut microbiota are known to be associated favourably with inflammatory and oxidative status, propensity for malignancy and overall metabolic health. A key challenge for the future is to explore the extent to which the health benefits of the MD are mediated by such changes to gut microbiota. The MD confers both health and environmental benefits. Adoption of the MD should perhaps be encouraged and facilitated more generally and not just restricted to populations from Mediterranean regions. However, there are key challenges to this approach that include limited perennial availability of the constituent parts of the MD in some non-Mediterranean regions, intolerability of a high-fibre diet for some people, and potential cultural disconnects that juxtapose some traditional (including Western) diets with the MD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M Barber
- Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire, Clifford Bridge Road, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK
- NIHR CRF Human Metabolism Research Unit, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire, Clifford Bridge Road, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK
| | - Stefan Kabisch
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité University Medicine, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetesforschung e.V., Geschäftsstelle am Helmholtz-Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstraße, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Andreas F H Pfeiffer
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité University Medicine, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Diabetesforschung e.V., Geschäftsstelle am Helmholtz-Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstraße, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Martin O Weickert
- Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire, Clifford Bridge Road, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK
- NIHR CRF Human Metabolism Research Unit, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire, Clifford Bridge Road, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK
- Centre for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry CV2 2DX, UK
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Beyoğlu D, Park EJ, Quiñones-Lombraña A, Dave A, Parande F, Pezzuto JM, Idle JR. Addition of grapes to both a standard and a high-fat Western pattern diet modifies hepatic and urinary metabolite profiles in the mouse. Food Funct 2022; 13:8489-8499. [PMID: 35876245 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo00961g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The benefits of fruit and vegetable dietary consumption are largely defined in epidemiological terms. Relatively little is known about the discrete effects on metabolic pathways elicited by individual dietary fruits and vegetables. To address this, grape powder was added to both a standard and a high-fat Western pattern diet given to 10-week-old female C57BL/6J mice for a period of 91 days, whereupon 24 h urines were collected and the mice euthanized after a 12 h fast for the collection of liver tissue. Alterations in hepatic and urinary metabolite patterns were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-based metabolomics. Urinary excretion of the gut microbiota metabolites 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, 5-hydroxyindole, glyceric acid, gluconic acid and myo-inositol was attenuated when grape was added to the standard diet but the gut microbiota metabolites gluconic acid, scyllo-inositol, mannitol, xylitol, 5-hydroxyindole and 2-deoxyribonic acid were increased in urine when grape was added to the high-fat diet. Increased hepatic ascorbic acid and 5-oxoproline levels indicated the anti-oxidant effect of grape powder on the liver. Pathway enrichment analysis demonstrated that for both standard and high-fat diets, grape addition significantly upregulated the malate-aspartate shuttle indicating enhanced hepatic utilization of glucose via cytosolic glycolysis for mitochondrial ATP production. It is concluded that a grape diet reprogrammes gut microbiota metabolism, attenuates the hepatic oxidative stress of a high-fat diet and increases the efficiency of glucose utilization by the liver for energy production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diren Beyoğlu
- Arnold & Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Long Island University, Brooklyn, New York, USA.
| | - Eun-Jung Park
- Arnold & Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Long Island University, Brooklyn, New York, USA.
| | - Adolfo Quiñones-Lombraña
- Arnold & Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Long Island University, Brooklyn, New York, USA. .,Darwin Research Facility, Division of Biosciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Asim Dave
- Arnold & Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Long Island University, Brooklyn, New York, USA.
| | - Falguni Parande
- Arnold & Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Long Island University, Brooklyn, New York, USA.
| | - John M Pezzuto
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Western New England University, Springfield, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Idle
- Arnold & Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Long Island University, Brooklyn, New York, USA.
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9
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Strisciuglio C, Cenni S, Serra MR, Dolce P, Kolacek S, Sila S, Trivic I, Bar Lev MR, Shamir R, Kostovski A, Papadopoulou A, Roma E, Katsagoni C, Jojkic-Pavkov D, Campanozzi A, Scarpato E, Miele E, Staiano A. Diet and Pediatric Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders in Mediterranean Countries. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14112335. [PMID: 35684135 PMCID: PMC9183175 DOI: 10.3390/nu14112335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The increased intake of FODMAP (fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyol) rich foods has been suggested as a possible trigger of functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs). Despite the high FODMAP content, the Mediterranean diet (MD) appears to have beneficial effects on health. Our aim was to evaluate whether the prevalence of FGIDs in different Mediterranean countries may be influenced by FODMAP consumption and adherence to the MD. Methods: A school-based, cross-sectional, multicenter study was performed in six countries in the Mediterranean area: Croatia, Greece, Israel, Italy, Macedonia, and Serbia. Subjects 4-18 years were examined in relation to their eating habits and the presence of FGIDs, using Rome IV criteria, 3-day food diaries and Mediterranean Diet Quality Index in Children and Adolescents (KIDMED) questionnaires. Results: We enrolled 1972 subjects between 4 and 9 years old (Group A), and 2450 subjects between 10 and 18 years old (Group B). The overall prevalence of FGIDs was 16% in Group A and 26% in Group B. FODMAP intake was significantly different among countries for both age groups. In both groups, no significant association was found between FGIDs and FODMAPs. Adherence to the MD in all countries was intermediate, except for Serbia, where it was low. In both groups, we found a statistically significant association between FGIDs and the KIDMED score (Group A: OR = 0.83, p < 0.001; Group B: OR = 0.93, p = 0.005). Moreover, a significant association was found between the KIDMED score and functional constipation (Group A: OR = 0.89, p = 0.008; Group B: OR = 0.93, p = 0.010) and postprandial distress syndrome (Group A: OR = 0.86, p = 0.027; Group B: OR = 0.88, p = 0.004). Conclusions: Our data suggest that the prevalence of FGIDs in the Mediterranean area is not related to FODMAP consumption, whereas adherence to the MD seems to have a protective effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Strisciuglio
- Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Naples, Italy; (C.S.); (S.C.)
| | - Sabrina Cenni
- Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Naples, Italy; (C.S.); (S.C.)
| | - Maria Rosaria Serra
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.R.S.); (E.S.); (E.M.)
| | - Pasquale Dolce
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80138 Naples, Italy;
| | - Sanja Kolacek
- Referral Center for Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Children’s Hospital University of Zagreb Medical School, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (S.K.); (S.S.); (I.T.)
| | - Sara Sila
- Referral Center for Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Children’s Hospital University of Zagreb Medical School, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (S.K.); (S.S.); (I.T.)
| | - Ivana Trivic
- Referral Center for Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Children’s Hospital University of Zagreb Medical School, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (S.K.); (S.S.); (I.T.)
| | - Michal Rozenfeld Bar Lev
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Nutrition and Liver Diseases, Schneider Children’s Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel; (M.R.B.L.); (R.S.)
| | - Raanan Shamir
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Nutrition and Liver Diseases, Schneider Children’s Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel; (M.R.B.L.); (R.S.)
| | - Aco Kostovski
- Faculty of Medicine, University Children Hospital, 1000 Skopje, North Macedonia;
| | - Alexandra Papadopoulou
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, First Department of Pediatrics, University of Athens, “Agia Sofia” Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Eleftheria Roma
- First Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Mikras Asias 75, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Christina Katsagoni
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, “Agia Sofia” Children’s Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Danijela Jojkic-Pavkov
- Department of Paediatrics, Institute for Child and Youth Health Care of Vojvodina, Medical Faculty Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia;
| | - Angelo Campanozzi
- Pediatrics, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71100 Foggia, Italy;
| | - Elena Scarpato
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.R.S.); (E.S.); (E.M.)
| | - Erasmo Miele
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.R.S.); (E.S.); (E.M.)
| | - Annamaria Staiano
- Department of Translational Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.R.S.); (E.S.); (E.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-081-7462679; Fax: +39-081-7463116
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10
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Evidence-Based and Emerging Dietary Approaches to Upper Disorders of Gut-Brain Interaction. Am J Gastroenterol 2022; 117:965-972. [PMID: 35417429 PMCID: PMC9169754 DOI: 10.14309/ajg.0000000000001780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Food ingestion is a major symptom trigger in functional esophageal and gastroduodenal disorders and gastroparesis. This review summarizes current knowledge and identifies areas of research on the role of food factors and the opportunities for dietary intervention in these disorders. While many patients experiencing functional esophageal and gastroduodenal disorders identify specific food items as symptom triggers, available data do not allow the identification of specific nutrient groups that are more likely to induce symptoms. In functional dyspepsia (FD), recent studies have shown the potential efficacy of a diet low in fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols, although the underlying mechanism of action is unclear. Reports of favorable responses to gluten elimination in patients with FD are confounded by the concomitant benefit of reduced intake of fructans, fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols present in wheat. Emerging data based on a 6-food elimination diet and confocal laser endomicroscopic evaluation of mucosal responses to food proteins suggest a role for duodenal allergic reactions in FD symptom generation. In patients with gastroparesis, a low-residue diet has been shown to improve symptoms. Novel dietary approaches under evaluation are the Mediterranean diet and the heating/cooling diet approach.
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11
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Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet: Impact of Geographical Location of the Observations. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14102040. [PMID: 35631181 PMCID: PMC9144454 DOI: 10.3390/nu14102040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet has emerged as a comprehensive lifestyle, including specific foods and meal composition and a set of behavioural and social features. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet has been shown to promote health and reduce the prevalence of chronic diseases. The actual implementation of the Mediterranean diet is affected by several sociocultural factors as well as geographical components. Indeed, the geographical location, such as a specific country or different areas in a country and specific latitude and climate, appears to be an important factor that may strongly affect the implementation of the Mediterranean diet or some of its principles as well as the adherence to it. Another dynamic component affecting personal nutritional choices, also regarding adherence to the Mediterranean diet and its principles, is the individual life-long trajectory of food preference and nutrition habits and awareness. In this review, we discuss the current evidence on the impact of geographical location on adherence to the Mediterranean diet.
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12
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Domestic Environment and Gut Microbiota: Lessons from Pet Dogs. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10050949. [PMID: 35630391 PMCID: PMC9143008 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10050949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating data show the involvement of intestinal microbiota in the development and maintenance of numerous diseases. Many environmental factors influence the composition and function of the gut microbiota. An animal model subjected to the same environmental constraints that will allow better characterization of the microbiota–host dialogue is awaited. The domestic dog has physiological, dietary and pathological characteristics similar to those of humans and shares the domestic environment and lifestyle of its owner. This review exposes how the domestication of dogs has brought them closer to humans based on their intrinsic and extrinsic similarities which were discerned through examining and comparing the current knowledge and data on the intestinal microbiota of humans and canines in the context of several spontaneous pathologies, including inflammatory bowel disease, obesity and diabetes mellitus.
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13
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Amino Acid-Related Metabolic Signature in Obese Children and Adolescents. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14071454. [PMID: 35406066 PMCID: PMC9003189 DOI: 10.3390/nu14071454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The growing interest in metabolomics has spread to the search for suitable predictive biomarkers for complications related to the emerging issue of pediatric obesity and its related cardiovascular risk and metabolic alteration. Indeed, several studies have investigated the association between metabolic disorders and amino acids, in particular branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs). We have performed a revision of the literature to assess the role of BCAAs in children and adolescents' metabolism, focusing on the molecular pathways involved. We searched on Pubmed/Medline, including articles published until February 2022. The results have shown that plasmatic levels of BCAAs are impaired already in obese children and adolescents. The relationship between BCAAs, obesity and the related metabolic disorders is explained on one side by the activation of the mTORC1 complex-that may promote insulin resistance-and on the other, by the accumulation of toxic metabolites, which may lead to mitochondrial dysfunction, stress kinase activation and damage of pancreatic cells. These compounds may help in the precocious identification of many complications of pediatric obesity. However, further studies are still needed to better assess if BCAAs may be used to screen these conditions and if any other metabolomic compound may be useful to achieve this goal.
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14
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Zhang P, Kong L, Huang H, Pan Y, Zhang D, Jiang J, Shen Y, Xi C, Lai J, Ng CH, Hu S. Gut Microbiota – A Potential Contributor in the Pathogenesis of Bipolar Disorder. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:830748. [PMID: 35401095 PMCID: PMC8984199 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.830748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Bipolar disorder (BD) is one of the major psychiatric disorders that is characterized by recurrent episodes of depression and mania (or hypomania), leading to seriously adverse outcomes with unclear pathogenesis. There is an underlying relationship between bacterial communities residing in the gut and brain function, which together form the gut-brain axis (GBA). Recent studies have shown that changes in the gut microbiota have been observed in a large number of BD patients, so the axis may play a role in the pathogenesis of BD. This review summarizes briefly the relationship between the GBA and brain function, the composition and changes of gut microbiota in patients with BD, and further explores the potential role of GBA-related pathway in the pathogenesis of BD as well as the limitations in this field at present in order to provide new ideas for the future etiology research and drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peifen Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-Machine Integration, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lingzhuo Kong
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huimin Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yanmeng Pan
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Danhua Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiajun Jiang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuting Shen
- Department of Psychiatry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Caixi Xi
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianbo Lai
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-Machine Integration, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- The Key Laboratory of Mental Disorder Management in Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Brain Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chee H. Ng
- Department of Psychiatry, The Melbourne Clinic and St Vincent’s Hospital, University of Melbourne, Richmond, VIC, Australia
- *Correspondence: Chee H. Ng,
| | - Shaohua Hu
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-Machine Integration, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- The Key Laboratory of Mental Disorder Management in Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Brain Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Shaohua Hu,
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15
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Ma WP, Yin SN, Chen JP, Geng XC, Liu MF, Li HH, Liu M, Liu HB. Stimulating the Hematopoietic Effect of Simulated Digestive Product of Fucoidan from Sargassum fusiforme on Cyclophosphamide-Induced Hematopoietic Damage in Mice and Its Protective Mechanisms Based on Serum Lipidomics. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:201. [PMID: 35323500 PMCID: PMC8950290 DOI: 10.3390/md20030201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic damage is a serious side effect of cytotoxic drugs, and agents promoting hematopoiesis are quite important for decreasing the death rate in cancer patients. In our previous work, we prepared the simulated digestive product of fucoidan from Sargassum fusiforme, DSFF, and found that DSFF could activate macrophages. However, more investigations are needed to further evaluate whether DSFF could promote hematopoiesis in the chemotherapy process. In this study, the protective effect of DSFF (1.8-7.2 mg/kg, i.p.) on cyclophosphamide-induced hematopoietic damage in mice and the underlying mechanisms were investigated. Our results show that DSFF could restore the numbers of white blood cells, neutrophils, and platelets in the peripheral blood, and could also retard bone marrow cell decrease in mice with cyclophosphamide-induced hematopoietic damage. UPLC/Q-Extraction Orbitrap/MS/MS-based lipidomics results reveal 16 potential lipid biomarkers in a serum that responded to hematopoietic damage in mice. Among them, PC (20:1/14:0) and SM (18:0/22:0) were the key lipid molecules through which DSFF exerted protective actions. In a validation experiment, DSFF (6.25-100 μg/mL) could also promote K562 cell proliferation and differentiation in vitro. The current findings indicated that DSFF could affect the blood cells and bone marrow cells in vivo and thus showed good potential and application value in alleviating the hematopoietic damage caused by cyclophosphamide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ping Ma
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (W.-P.M.); (J.-P.C.); (X.-C.G.); (M.-F.L.); (H.-H.L.)
| | - Shi-Ning Yin
- Qingdao Institute for Food and Drug Control, Qingdao 266000, China;
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Marine Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Jia-Peng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (W.-P.M.); (J.-P.C.); (X.-C.G.); (M.-F.L.); (H.-H.L.)
| | - Xi-Cheng Geng
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (W.-P.M.); (J.-P.C.); (X.-C.G.); (M.-F.L.); (H.-H.L.)
| | - Ming-Fei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (W.-P.M.); (J.-P.C.); (X.-C.G.); (M.-F.L.); (H.-H.L.)
| | - Hai-Hua Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (W.-P.M.); (J.-P.C.); (X.-C.G.); (M.-F.L.); (H.-H.L.)
| | - Ming Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (W.-P.M.); (J.-P.C.); (X.-C.G.); (M.-F.L.); (H.-H.L.)
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Hong-Bing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; (W.-P.M.); (J.-P.C.); (X.-C.G.); (M.-F.L.); (H.-H.L.)
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Marine Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao 266000, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
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16
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Santos L. The impact of nutrition and lifestyle modification on health. Eur J Intern Med 2022; 97:18-25. [PMID: 34670680 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2021.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The main recommendations from public health entities include healthy diets and physical activity as the main lifestyle factors impacting the development of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, cancer, and even neurological diseases. Randomized clinical trials have been designed to demonstrate those lifestyle modifications can change the pattern of chronic diseases development and progression. Among these, nutrition is one of the most impacting factors. Therefore, nutrition and diets were also included in different randomized clinical trials, and most of them showed a favorable impact of nutrition modification on the participant's health. Nevertheless, study designs were considerably different, and future studies are needed to support nutrition modifications further. The choice of a healthy considered diet, like the Mediterranean diet, was shown to impact chronic diseases, cardiovascular risk, and adult life expectancy mainly due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Furthermore, a high intake of fibers, fruits, and vegetables together with a low intake of fat and energy-dense, processed foods contribute to an inflammation reduction and a more robust immune system leading. Besides these well-known properties, all lifestyle modifications must be personalized according to the availability of foods, geographic localizations, and the healthy status of the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lèlita Santos
- Internal Medicine Service, Coimbra Hospital and University Centre, Coimbra, Portugal; Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Portugal; CIMAGO Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Portugal.
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17
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Vadiveloo MK, Juul F, Sotos-Prieto M, Parekh N. Perspective: Novel Approaches to Evaluate Dietary Quality: Combining Methods to Enhance Measurement for Dietary Surveillance and Interventions. Adv Nutr 2022; 13:1009-1015. [PMID: 35084446 PMCID: PMC9340961 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmac007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Refining existing dietary assessment methods to reduce measurement error and facilitate the routine evaluation of dietary quality is essential to inform health policy. Notable advancements in technology in the past decade have enhanced the precision and transformation of dietary assessment methods with applications toward both population health and precision nutrition. Within population health, innovative applications of big data including use of automatically collected food purchasing data, quantitative measurement of food environments, and novel, yet simplified dietary quality metrics provide important complementary data to traditional self-report methods. Precision nutrition is similarly advancing with greater use of validated biomarkers for assessing dietary patterns and understanding individual variability in metabolism. Concurrently enhancing our understanding of diet-disease relations at the population health and precision nutrition levels provides tremendous potential to generate evidence needed to advance public health nutrition policy. This commentary highlights the importance of these advances toward progressing the field of dietary assessment and discusses the application of food purchasing data, data analytics, alternative dietary quality metrics, and -omics technology in population and clinical medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Filippa Juul
- Department of Public Health Policy and Management, School of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mercedes Sotos-Prieto
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, and IdiPaz (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario La Paz), Madrid, Spain,CIBERESP ("Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red" of Epidemiology and Public Health), Madrid, Spain,Department of Environmental Health, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA,IMDEA-Food Institute, Campus of International Excellence (CEI), Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (UAM) + Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Niyati Parekh
- Public Health Nutrition Program, School of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, NY, USA,Department of Population Health, Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY, USA,Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York University, New York, NY, USA
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18
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Ghini V, Abuja PM, Polasek O, Kozera L, Laiho P, Anton G, Zins M, Klovins J, Metspalu A, Wichmann HE, Gieger C, Luchinat C, Zatloukal K, Turano P. Impact of the pre-examination phase on multicenter metabolomic studies. N Biotechnol 2022; 68:37-47. [PMID: 35066155 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2022.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The development of metabolomics in clinical applications has been limited by the lack of validation in large multicenter studies. Large population cohorts and their biobanks are a valuable resource for acquiring insights into molecular disease mechanisms. Nevertheless, most of their collections are not tailored for metabolomics and have been created without specific attention to the pre-analytical requirements for high-quality metabolome assessment. Thus, comparing samples obtained by different pre-analytical procedures remains a major challenge. Here, 1H NMR-based analyses are used to demonstrate how human serum and plasma samples collected with different operating procedures within several large European cohort studies from the Biobanking and Biomolecular Resources Infrastructure - Large Prospective Cohorts (BBMRI-LPC) consortium can be easily revealed by supervised multivariate statistical analyses at the initial stages of the process, to avoid biases in the downstream analysis. The inter-biobank differences are discussed in terms of deviations from the validated CEN/TS 16945:2016 / ISO 23118:2021 norms. It clearly emerges that biobanks must adhere to the evidence-based guidelines in order to support wider-scale application of metabolomics in biomedicine, and that NMR spectroscopy is informative in comparing the quality of different sample sources in multi cohort/center studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Ghini
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Risonanze Magnetiche di Metallo Proteine (CIRMMP), via Luigi Sacconi 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy; Center of Magnetic Resonance (CERM), University of Florence, via Luigi Sacconi 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy; Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - Peter M Abuja
- Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 6, A-8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Ozren Polasek
- Department for Large Population Studies, University of Split, Šoltanska 2, HR-21000, Split, Croatia; Gen-info Ltd, Ružmarinka ul. 17, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Lukasz Kozera
- BBMRI-ERIC, Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 2/B/6, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Päivi Laiho
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, National Institute for Health and Welfare, THL, University of Helsinki, 00290, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Gabriele Anton
- Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz-Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Marie Zins
- Population-based Epidemiological Cohorts Unit-UMS 11, Inserm, 16 Avenue Paul Vaillant Couturier, 94800, Villejuif, France
| | - Janis Klovins
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Rātsupītes iela 1, Kurzemes rajons, Rīga, LV-1067, Latvia
| | - Andres Metspalu
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Riia 23b, 51010 Tartu, Estonia
| | - H-Erich Wichmann
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Center Munich, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Christian Gieger
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Center Munich, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Claudio Luchinat
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Risonanze Magnetiche di Metallo Proteine (CIRMMP), via Luigi Sacconi 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy; Center of Magnetic Resonance (CERM), University of Florence, via Luigi Sacconi 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy; Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - Kurt Zatloukal
- Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 6, A-8010, Graz, Austria.
| | - Paola Turano
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Risonanze Magnetiche di Metallo Proteine (CIRMMP), via Luigi Sacconi 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy; Center of Magnetic Resonance (CERM), University of Florence, via Luigi Sacconi 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy; Department of Chemistry, University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy.
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19
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Xiong Q, Sun L, Luo Y, Yun H, Shen X, Yin H, Chen X, Lin X. Different Isocaloric Meals and Adiposity Modify Energy Expenditure, Clinical and Metabolomic Biomarkers During Resting and Exercise States in a Randomized Cross-over Acute Trial of Normal Weight and Overweight/obese Men. J Nutr 2022; 152:1118-1129. [PMID: 36967169 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxac006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have assessed the integrative effects of diet, BMI, and exercise on postprandial changes of energy and circulating metabolic profiles. OBJECTIVES We aimed to assess the collective effects of three isocaloric diets high in carbohydrate (74.2% energy), fat (64.6% energy), or protein (39.5% energy) on energy expenditure, clinical and metabolomic biomarkers under resting and exercise conditions in normal-weight and overweight/obese men. METHODS This cross-over controlled acute trial included 20 normal-weight (BMI: 18.5- <24) and 20 overweight/obese (BMI ≥ 24 kg/m2) men aged 18-45 years. Each of three test meals was provided for two continuous days: "Resting Day" without exercise, followed by "Exercise Day" with a bicycling exercise of 50% maximal oxygen consumption (postprandial 90-120 min). Energy expenditure (exploratory outcome of primary interest) was measured using indirect calorimetry. Fasting and postprandial 2-hour serum clinical and metabolomic biomarkers (secondary interest) were measured. Mixed models were used to examine the effects of diet, time, and/or BMI category. RESULTS On Resting Day, no significant between-meal differences were detected for energy expenditure. However, high-carbohydrate and high-fat meals induced the highest postprandial 2-hour increase in glucose (0.34 ± 0.15 mmol/L) and triglyceride (0.95 ± 0.09 mmol/L) respectively, while high-protein meal reduced glucose (-0.48 ± 0.08 mmol/L) and total cholesterol (-0.01 ± 0.03 mmol/L, all Pdiet < 0.001). On Exercise Day, high-carbohydrate diet significantly promoted carbohydrate oxidation rate but suppressed fat oxidation rate (Pdiet < 0.05), while its postprandial glucose response was attenuated by bicycling (-0.31 ± 0.03 mmol/L, Pexercise < 0.001). 69 metabolites were identified as key features in discriminating the three meals, and overweight/obese men had more varieties of metabolites than normal-weight men. CONCLUSIONS Three isocaloric meals induced unique postprandial changes in clinical and metabolomic biomarkers, while exercise prevented high-carbohydrate meal induced hyperglycemia. Overweight/obese men were more responsive to the meal challenges than normal-weight men. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03231618.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Xiong
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Sun
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaogan Luo
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Huan Yun
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xia Shen
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huiyong Yin
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
| | - Xiafei Chen
- Huadong Hospital Affiliated with Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Lin
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
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20
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McFarlane C, Krishnasamy R, Stanton T, Savill E, Snelson M, Mihala G, Morrison M, Johnson DW, Campbell KL. Diet Quality and Protein-Bound Uraemic Toxins: Investigation of Novel Risk Factors and the Role of Microbiome in Chronic Kidney Disease. J Ren Nutr 2021; 32:542-551. [PMID: 34776340 DOI: 10.1053/j.jrn.2021.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to explore the associations between diet quality, uraemic toxins, and gastrointestinal microbiota in the chronic kidney disease (CKD) population. METHODS This is a baseline cross-sectional study of adults with CKD participating in a randomized controlled trial of prebiotic and probiotic supplementation. Dietary intake was measured using a seven-day diet history method, administered by a specialist dietitian. Diet quality was assessed using plant-based diet index (PDI) (overall PDI, healthy PDI, and unhealthy PDI), food group analysis, protein intake, fiber intake, and dietary protein-to-fiber ratio. Serum uraemic toxins (free and total; indoxyl sulfate and p-cresyl sulfate) were determined by ultraperformance liquid chromatography. Gastrointestinal microbiota richness, diversity, composition, and functional capacity were analyzed via metagenomic sequencing. RESULTS Sixty-eight adults [median age: 70 (interquartile range: 58-75) years, 66% male] with an estimated glomerular filtration rate of 34 ± 11 mL/min/1.73 m2 were included, with 40 participants completing the optional fecal substudy. Dietary fiber intake was associated with lower levels of total indoxyl sulfate, whereas the healthy plant-based diet index was associated with lower levels of free p-cresyl sulfate. A higher protein-to-fiber ratio was associated with an increased relative abundance of unclassified members of order Oscillospirales. Intake of vegetables and whole grains was correlated with Subdoligranulum formicile, whereas an unclassified Prevotella species was correlated with potatoes and food items considered discretionary, including sweet drinks, sweet desserts, and animal fats. CONCLUSIONS Diet quality may influence uraemic toxin generation and gut microbiota diversity, composition, and function in adults with CKD. Well-designed dietary intervention studies targeting the production of uraemic toxins and exploring the impact on gut microbiome are warranted in the CKD population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine McFarlane
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Rathika Krishnasamy
- Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, Queensland, Australia; Australasian Kidney Trials Network, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Tony Stanton
- Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, Queensland, Australia
| | - Emma Savill
- Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, Queensland, Australia
| | - Matthew Snelson
- Department of Diabetes, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gabor Mihala
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia; Centre for Applied Health Economics, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia
| | - Mark Morrison
- Diamantina Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - David W Johnson
- Australasian Kidney Trials Network, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Department of Nephrology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Katrina L Campbell
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Australasian Kidney Trials Network, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia
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21
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Berding K, Vlckova K, Marx W, Schellekens H, Stanton C, Clarke G, Jacka F, Dinan TG, Cryan JF. Diet and the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis: Sowing the Seeds of Good Mental Health. Adv Nutr 2021; 12:1239-1285. [PMID: 33693453 PMCID: PMC8321864 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmaa181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade, the gut microbiota has emerged as a key component in regulating brain processes and behavior. Diet is one of the major factors involved in shaping the gut microbiota composition across the lifespan. However, whether and how diet can affect the brain via its effects on the microbiota is only now beginning to receive attention. Several mechanisms for gut-to-brain communication have been identified, including microbial metabolites, immune, neuronal, and metabolic pathways, some of which could be prone to dietary modulation. Animal studies investigating the potential of nutritional interventions on the microbiota-gut-brain axis have led to advancements in our understanding of the role of diet in this bidirectional communication. In this review, we summarize the current state of the literature triangulating diet, microbiota, and host behavior/brain processes and discuss potential underlying mechanisms. Additionally, determinants of the responsiveness to a dietary intervention and evidence for the microbiota as an underlying modulator of the effect of diet on brain health are outlined. In particular, we emphasize the understudied use of whole-dietary approaches in this endeavor and the need for greater evidence from clinical populations. While promising results are reported, additional data, specifically from clinical cohorts, are required to provide evidence-based recommendations for the development of microbiota-targeted, whole-dietary strategies to improve brain and mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wolfgang Marx
- Deakin University, iMPACT – the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Food & Mood Centre, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, VIC,Australia
| | - Harriet Schellekens
- APC Microbiome Ireland, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Catherine Stanton
- APC Microbiome Ireland, Cork, Ireland
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Cork, Ireland
| | - Gerard Clarke
- APC Microbiome Ireland, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Felice Jacka
- Deakin University, iMPACT – the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Food & Mood Centre, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, VIC,Australia
- Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Black Dog Institute, Randwick, NSW, Australia
- College of Public Health, Medical & Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Douglas, QLD, Australia
| | - Timothy G Dinan
- APC Microbiome Ireland, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - John F Cryan
- APC Microbiome Ireland, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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22
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El-Sayed A, Aleya L, Kamel M. Microbiota's role in health and diseases. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:36967-36983. [PMID: 34043164 PMCID: PMC8155182 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14593-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The microbiome is a term that usually refers to the community of various microorganisms that inhabit/live inside human/animal bodies or on their skin. It forms a complex ecosystem that includes trillions of commensals, symbiotics, and even pathogenic microorganisms. The external environment, diet, and lifestyle are the major determinants influencing the microbiome's composition and vitality. Recent studies have indicated the tremendous influence of the microbiome on health and disease. Their number, constitution, variation, and viability are dynamic. All these elements are responsible for the induction, development, and treatment of many health disorders. Serious diseases such as cancer, metabolic disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and even psychological disorders such as schizophrenia are influenced directly or indirectly by microbiota. In addition, in the last few weeks, accumulating data about the link between COVID-19 and the microbiota were published. In the present work, the role of the microbiome in health and disease is discussed. A deep understanding of the exact role of microbiota in disease induction enables the prevention of diseases and the development of new therapeutic concepts for most diseases through the correction of diet and lifestyle. The present review brings together evidence from the most recent works and discusses suggested nutraceutical approaches for the management of COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr El-Sayed
- Department of Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Lotfi Aleya
- Chrono-Environnement Laboratory, UMR CNRS 6249, Bourgogne Franche-Comté University, F-25030, Besançon Cedex, France
| | - Mohamed Kamel
- Department of Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt.
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23
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The Link between Obesity, Microbiota Dysbiosis, and Neurodegenerative Pathogenesis. Diseases 2021; 9:diseases9030045. [PMID: 34201465 PMCID: PMC8293145 DOI: 10.3390/diseases9030045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Current research in medicine in several parts of the world has attempted to establish a link between the occurrence of neurodegenerative pathologies, microbiota dysbiosis, and the incidence of obesity. The body’s response to different physicochemical factors has also been influenced by the proper assimilation of bioactive compounds contained in the food that is ingested. Oxidative stress is one of the major factors that directly affects the functioning of the human microbiota. The body’s reaction to this imbalance is crucial to the progression of inflammatory processes, which are based on molecular mechanisms. Microbial dysbiosis can result in a possibly permanent alteration in the physiological response. This review aims to highlight recent contributions made to alleviating human dysbiosis in degenerative diseases, especially for neurodegenerative pathologies based on the rising prevalence of obesity. We discuss the significance of both microbiota modulation and possible alleviations of pathologies by a modulatory function. We argue that pre- and probiotics (including phenolic compounds stimulating the favorable strain from the microbiota) are an effective alternative that can support the microbiota pattern’s modulation over time and the attenuation of indirect causes that determine dysbiosis. Molecular aspects are presented in support of the modulating role of the microbiota following the use of probiotics.
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24
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Ballarini T, Melo van Lent D, Brunner J, Schröder A, Wolfsgruber S, Altenstein S, Brosseron F, Buerger K, Dechent P, Dobisch L, Duzel E, Ertl-Wagner B, Fliessbach K, Freiesleben SD, Frommann I, Glanz W, Hauser D, Haynes JD, Heneka MT, Janowitz D, Kilimann I, Laske C, Maier F, Metzger CD, Munk M, Perneczky R, Peters O, Priller J, Ramirez A, Rauchmann B, Roy N, Scheffler K, Schneider A, Spottke A, Spruth EJ, Teipel SJ, Vukovich R, Wiltfang J, Jessen F, Wagner M. Mediterranean Diet, Alzheimer Disease Biomarkers and Brain Atrophy in Old Age. Neurology 2021; 96:e2920-e2932. [PMID: 33952652 PMCID: PMC8253566 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000012067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether following a Mediterranean-like diet (MeDi) relates to cognitive functions and in vivo biomarkers for Alzheimer disease (AD), we analyzed cross-sectional data from the German DZNE-Longitudinal Cognitive Impairment and Dementia Study. METHOD: The sample (n=512, mean age: 69.5±5.9 years) included 169 cognitively normal participants and subjects at higher AD risk (53 with relatives with AD, 209 with subjective cognitive decline, and 81 with mild cognitive impairment). We defined MeDi adherence based on the Food Frequency Questionnaire. Brain volume outcomes were generated via voxel-based morphometry on T1-MRI and cognitive performance with an extensive neuropsychological battery. AD-related biomarkers (Aβ42/40 ratio, pTau181) in cerebrospinal fluid were assessed in n=226 individuals. We analyzed the associations between MeDi and the outcomes with linear regression models controlling for several covariates. Additionally, we applied hypothesis-driven mediation and moderation analysis. RESULTS Higher MeDi adherence related to larger mediotemporal gray matter volume (p<0.05 FWE corrected), better memory (β±SE = 0.03 ± 0.02; p=0.038), and less amyloid (Aβ42/40 ratio, β±SE = 0.003 ± 0.001; p=0.008) and pTau181 pathology (β±SE = -1.96±0.68; p=0.004). Mediotemporal volume mediated the association between MeDi and memory (40% indirect mediation). Finally, MeDi favorably moderated the associations between Aβ42/40 ratio, pTau181 and mediotemporal atrophy. Results were consistent correcting for ApoE-ε4 status. CONCLUSION Our findings corroborate the view of MeDi as a protective factor against memory decline and mediotemporal atrophy. Importantly, they suggest that these associations might be explained by a decrease of amyloidosis and tau-pathology. Longitudinal and dietary intervention studies should further examine this conjecture and its treatment implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Ballarini
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Debora Melo van Lent
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
- University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio: San Antonio, TX, US
| | - Julia Brunner
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Alina Schröder
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Steffen Wolfsgruber
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurodegeneration and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Slawek Altenstein
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Frederic Brosseron
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurodegeneration and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Katharina Buerger
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE, Munich), Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 17, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Feodor-LynenStrasse 17, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Dechent
- MR-Research in Neurology and Psychiatry, Georg-AugustUniversity Göttingen, Germany
| | - Laura Dobisch
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Emrah Duzel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Birgit Ertl-Wagner
- Institute for Clinical Radiology, Ludwig-MaximiliansUniversity, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich
| | - Klaus Fliessbach
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurodegeneration and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Silka Dawn Freiesleben
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ingo Frommann
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Wenzel Glanz
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Dietmar Hauser
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - John Dylan Haynes
- Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael T Heneka
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurodegeneration and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Daniel Janowitz
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 17, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Ingo Kilimann
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock, Germany
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18147 Rostock
| | - Christoph Laske
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
- Section for Dementia Research, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Franziska Maier
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Kerpener Strasse 62, 50924 Cologne, Germany
| | - Coraline Danielle Metzger
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Munk
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
- Section for Dementia Research, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Robert Perneczky
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE, Munich), Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 17, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) Munich, Munich, Germany
- Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (AGE), School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Oliver Peters
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Josef Priller
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Alfredo Ramirez
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Kerpener Strasse 62, 50924 Cologne, Germany
| | - Boris Rauchmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Nina Roy
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Klaus Scheffler
- Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anja Schneider
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurodegeneration and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Annika Spottke
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Eike Jakob Spruth
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan J Teipel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock, Germany
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18147 Rostock
| | - Ruth Vukovich
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Von-Siebold-Str. 5, 37075 Goettingen
| | - Jens Wiltfang
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Von-Siebold-Str. 5, 37075 Goettingen
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Goettingen, Germany
- Neurosciences and Signaling Group, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED)
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Frank Jessen
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Kerpener Strasse 62, 50924 Cologne, Germany
- Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Strasse 26, 50931Köln, Germany
| | - Michael Wagner
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neurodegeneration and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
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Emwas AHM, Al-Rifai N, Szczepski K, Alsuhaymi S, Rayyan S, Almahasheer H, Jaremko M, Brennan L, Lachowicz JI. You Are What You Eat: Application of Metabolomics Approaches to Advance Nutrition Research. Foods 2021; 10:1249. [PMID: 34072780 PMCID: PMC8229064 DOI: 10.3390/foods10061249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A healthy condition is defined by complex human metabolic pathways that only function properly when fully satisfied by nutritional inputs. Poor nutritional intakes are associated with a number of metabolic diseases, such as diabetes, obesity, atherosclerosis, hypertension, and osteoporosis. In recent years, nutrition science has undergone an extraordinary transformation driven by the development of innovative software and analytical platforms. However, the complexity and variety of the chemical components present in different food types, and the diversity of interactions in the biochemical networks and biological systems, makes nutrition research a complicated field. Metabolomics science is an "-omic", joining proteomics, transcriptomics, and genomics in affording a global understanding of biological systems. In this review, we present the main metabolomics approaches, and highlight the applications and the potential for metabolomics approaches in advancing nutritional food research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul-Hamid M. Emwas
- Imaging and Characterization Core Lab, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Nahla Al-Rifai
- Environmental Technology Management (2005-2012), College for Women, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 5969, Safat 13060, Kuwait;
| | - Kacper Szczepski
- Biological and Environmental Sciences & Engineering Division (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia; (K.S.); (S.A.); (M.J.)
| | - Shuruq Alsuhaymi
- Biological and Environmental Sciences & Engineering Division (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia; (K.S.); (S.A.); (M.J.)
| | - Saleh Rayyan
- Chemistry Department, Birzeit University, Birzeit 627, Palestine;
| | - Hanan Almahasheer
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University (IAU), Dammam 31441-1982, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mariusz Jaremko
- Biological and Environmental Sciences & Engineering Division (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia; (K.S.); (S.A.); (M.J.)
| | - Lorraine Brennan
- Institute of Food and Health and Conway Institute, School of Agriculture & Food Science, Dublin 4, Ireland;
| | - Joanna Izabela Lachowicz
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
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26
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Associations between diet quality and knee joint structures, symptoms and systemic abnormalities in people with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis. Clin Nutr 2021; 40:2483-2490. [PMID: 33932790 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2021.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The evidence of benefiting from a high-quality diet for knee osteoarthritis (OA) joint structures, symptoms, and systemic abnormalities is limited. Clarifying the relationship between diet quality and knee OA could provide useful information for knee OA management. To investigate the associations between diet quality and knee joint structures, symptoms, lower limb muscle strength, depressive symptoms, and quality of life in people with knee OA. METHODS This study was a post-hoc, exploratory analysis using data from a randomized controlled trial in symptomatic knee OA participants with a follow-up time of 24 months. In brief, eligible participants of the original study were aged 50-79 years, had symptomatic knee OA, and had a pain of 20-80 mm on a 100-mm visual analog scale. After excluding the patients without information on diet quality, 392 participants were included in this post-hoc analysis. Diet quality was assessed at baseline using the Australian Recommended Food Score (ARFS) which includes subscores of vegetable, fruit, grain, dairy products, fat, and alcohol. Knee joint structures (including cartilage volume, cartilage defect, bone marrow lesions, and effusion-synovitis volume assessed by magnetic resonance imaging), OA symptoms, lower limb muscle strength, depressive symptoms, and quality of life were assessed at baseline and follow up. Mixed-effects models were used to assess the associations of diet quality with those outcomes. RESULTS Diet quality mainly reflect diet variety within the core food was not associated with knee structures and OA symptoms, but was associated with greater lower limb muscle strength (β = 0.66, P = 0.001), lower depressive symptom (β = -0.08, P = 0.001), and better quality of life (β = -0.06, P = 0.002). In further analyses of food group-based sub-scores, only the vegetable sub-score had the similar associations with lower limb muscle strength (β = 1.03, P = 0.004), depressive symptom (β = -0.17, P < 0.001), and quality of life (β = -0.14, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Higher diet quality, mainly vegetable diet quality, is associated with greater lower limb muscle strength, less depressive symptoms, and higher quality of life in knee OA patients, suggesting higher diet quality may have protective effects on knee OA.
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27
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Liu JR, Miao H, Deng DQ, Vaziri ND, Li P, Zhao YY. Gut microbiota-derived tryptophan metabolism mediates renal fibrosis by aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling activation. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:909-922. [PMID: 32965514 PMCID: PMC11073292 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03645-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The gut microbiota has a crucial effect on regulating the intestinal mucosal immunity and maintaining intestinal homeostasis both in health and in disease state. Many effects are mediated by gut microbiota-derived metabolites and tryptophan, an essential aromatic amino acid, is considered important among many metabolites in the crosstalk between gut microbiota and the host. Kynurenine, serotonin, and indole derivatives are derived from the three major tryptophan metabolism pathways modulated by gut microbiota directly or indirectly. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a cytoplasmic ligand-activated transcription factor involved in multiple cellular processes. Tryptophan metabolites as ligands can activate AHR signaling in various diseases such as inflammation, oxidative stress injury, cancer, aging-related diseases, cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and chronic kidney diseases (CKD). Accumulated uremic toxins in the body fluids of CKD patients activate AHR and affect disease progression. In this review, we will elucidate the relationship between gut microbiota-derived uremic toxins by tryptophan metabolism and AHR activation in CKD and its complications. This review will provide therapeutic avenues for targeting CKD and concurrently present challenges and opportunities for designing new therapeutic strategies against renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Ru Liu
- Faculty of Life Science, & Medicine, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hua Miao
- Faculty of Life Science, & Medicine, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China
| | - De-Qiang Deng
- Department of Nephrology, Urumqi Chinese Medicine Hospital, No. 590 Fridenly South Road, Urumqi, 830000, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Nosratola D Vaziri
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92897, USA
| | - Ping Li
- Beijing Key Lab for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Nephrology, Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Ying-Yong Zhao
- Faculty of Life Science, & Medicine, Northwest University, No. 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China.
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28
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Merra G, Noce A, Marrone G, Cintoni M, Tarsitano MG, Capacci A, De Lorenzo A. Influence of Mediterranean Diet on Human Gut Microbiota. Nutrients 2020; 13:nu13010007. [PMID: 33375042 PMCID: PMC7822000 DOI: 10.3390/nu13010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota changes correlate with health status. Literature data on gut microbiota show that all dietary changes can induce the alteration of gut microbiota composition. Mediterranean diet (MD) is associated with a reduction of all-cause mortality and in this review, we analyzed its interactions with human microbiota. In particular, we explored the modulation of the human microbiota, in response to MD adherence, focusing the attention on polyphenols, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) ω-3 and fiber. Evidences suggest that MD is able to modulate the gut microbiota, increasing its diversity. In fact, a Mediterranean-type dietary pattern is associated with specific gut microbiota characteristics. The available evidence, suggests that gut microbiota of subjects that follow a MD is significantly different from subjects that follow a Western diet model. In fact, the latter show an increased gut permeability, which is responsible for metabolic endotoxemia. For this reason, we can speculate that the gut microbiota of the subjects following a MD is able to prevent the onset of chronic non-communicable degenerative diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases and some types of cancer. However, in order to understand these correlations with dietary patterns, controlled intervention studies on the gut microbiota composition and activity are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Merra
- Section of Clinical Nutrition and Nutrigenomic, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.C.); (A.D.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0620900053
| | - Annalisa Noce
- UOC of Internal Medicine, Center of Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (A.N.); (G.M.)
| | - Giulia Marrone
- UOC of Internal Medicine, Center of Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (A.N.); (G.M.)
- PhD School of Applied Medical, Surgical Sciences, University of Rome Tor Vergata, via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Cintoni
- Section of Clinical Nutrition and Nutrigenomic, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.C.); (A.D.L.)
| | - Maria Grazia Tarsitano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Margherita 324, 00100 Rome, Italy;
| | - Annunziata Capacci
- Department of Gastroenterological, Endocrine-Metabolic and Nephro-Urological Sciences, “Agostino Gemelli” General Hospital Foundation-IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Antonino De Lorenzo
- Section of Clinical Nutrition and Nutrigenomic, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (M.C.); (A.D.L.)
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29
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Vandeputte D. Personalized Nutrition Through The Gut Microbiota: Current Insights And Future Perspectives. Nutr Rev 2020; 78:66-74. [PMID: 33259623 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuaa098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This narrative review discusses how to preserve or increase health through personalized nutritional products and services using microbiome data. In contrast to other reviews, which discuss this subject in the light of metabolic disorders and/or with a nutrition-affects-the-microbiota view, this review takes the perspective that the gut microbiota (GM) affects nutrition. Gut microbes affect host nutritional status through their role in energy harvest and nutrient availability. Consequently, GM modulation could contribute to fulfil nutritional requirements and in this way conquer malnutrition and disease. This review provides an overview of microbiota modulation methods that could be used to improve nutritional status as well as the personalization of these approaches. While some of these methods are immediately applicable, others require more development to assess their feasibility and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doris Vandeputte
- Center for Microbiology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
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30
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Wu PY, Chen KM, Belcastro F. Dietary patterns and depression risk in older adults: systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr Rev 2020; 79:976-987. [PMID: 33236111 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuaa118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Diet may be one of the modifiable environmental factors that could reduce depressive symptoms or abate the development of depression without side effects. However, previous reviews mainly focused on general adult populations. OBJECTIVE The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to explore the association between healthy dietary patterns and depression risk in older adults. DATA SOURCES Eight databases were searched up to September 2019. The inclusion criteria were older adults aged ≥ 65 years, healthy dietary patterns, depression assessed by a physician or by validated screening tools, and quantitative study design. DATA EXTRACTION Data were extracted independently by 2 researchers, and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guideline was followed. DATA ANALYSIS Meta-analysis was conducted by calculating the pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95% CIs. A total of 18 eligible studies were meta-analyzed. Results showed that a healthy dietary pattern is associated with a reduced risk of depression in older adults (OR, 0.85; 95%CI, 0.78-0.92; P < 0.001). There was high heterogeneity (I2 = 64.9%; P < 0.001) among the studies. Subgroup analyses indicated that sample size and depression screening tools were the main sources of study heterogeneity. CONCLUSIONS An inverse association between healthy dietary patterns and depression risk in older adults was found. However, the high heterogeneity among the studies should be considered. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO registration no. CRD 42020169195.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Yu Wu
- Center for Long-Term Care Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kuei-Min Chen
- Center for Long-Term Care Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,College of Nursing; and the Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Frank Belcastro
- Department of Education and Psychology, University of Dubuque, Dubuque, Iowa, USA
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31
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Sotos-Prieto M, Ruiz-Canela M, Song Y, Christophi C, Mofatt S, Rodriguez-Artalejo F, Kales SN. The Effects of a Mediterranean Diet Intervention on Targeted Plasma Metabolic Biomarkers among US Firefighters: A Pilot Cluster-Randomized Trial. Nutrients 2020; 12:E3610. [PMID: 33255353 PMCID: PMC7761450 DOI: 10.3390/nu12123610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolomics is improving the understanding of the mechanisms of the health effects of diet. Previous research has identified several metabolites associated with the Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet), but knowledge about longitudinal changes in metabolic biomarkers after a MedDiet intervention is scarce. A subsample of 48 firefighters from a cluster-randomized trial at Indianapolis fire stations was randomly selected for the metabolomics study at 12 months of follow up (time point 1), where Group 1 (n = 24) continued for another 6 months in a self-sustained MedDiet intervention, and Group 2 (n = 24), the control group at that time, started with an active MedDiet intervention for 6 months (time point 2). A total of 225 metabolites were assessed at the two time points by using a targeted NMR platform. The MedDiet score improved slightly but changes were non-significant (intervention: 24.2 vs. 26.0 points and control group: 26.1 vs. 26.5 points). The MedDiet intervention led to favorable changes in biomarkers related to lipid metabolism, including lower LDL-C, ApoB/ApoA1 ratio, remnant cholesterol, M-VLDL-CE; and higher HDL-C, and better lipoprotein composition. This MedDiet intervention induces only modest changes in adherence to the MedDiet and consequently in metabolic biomarkers. Further research should confirm these results based on larger study samples in workplace interventions with powerful study designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Sotos-Prieto
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, IdiPaz (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario La Paz), Calle del Arzobispo Morcillo 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Biomedical Research Network Centre of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Health Institute, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (C.C.); (S.N.K.)
| | - Miguel Ruiz-Canela
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, IdiSNA, University of Navarra, 31009 Pamplona, Spain;
- Biomedical Research Network Centre for Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Carlos III Health Institute, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Yiqing Song
- Department of Epidemiology, Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
| | - Costas Christophi
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (C.C.); (S.N.K.)
- Cyprus International Institute for Environmental and Public Health, Cyprus University of Technology, 30 Archbishop Kyprianou Str., 3036 Lemesos, Cyprus
| | - Steven Mofatt
- National Institute for Public Safety Health, Indianapolis, IN 46204, USA;
| | - Fernando Rodriguez-Artalejo
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, IdiPaz (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario La Paz), Calle del Arzobispo Morcillo 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Biomedical Research Network Centre of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Health Institute, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- IMDEA-Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Stefanos N. Kales
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (C.C.); (S.N.K.)
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Cambridge Health Alliance, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02145, USA
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32
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Dourado E, Ferro M, Sousa Guerreiro C, Fonseca JE. Diet as a Modulator of Intestinal Microbiota in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Nutrients 2020; 12:E3504. [PMID: 33202579 PMCID: PMC7696404 DOI: 10.3390/nu12113504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic immune-driven inflammatory disease characterised by synovial inflammation, leading to progressive cartilage and bone destruction, impacting patients' functional capacity and quality of life. Patients with RA have significant differences in gut microbiota composition when compared to controls. Intestinal dysbiosis influences the intestinal barrier strength, integrity and function, and diet is considered the main environmental factor impacting gut microbiota. Over the last few years, researchers have focused on the influence of single components of the diet in the modulation of intestinal microbiota in RA rather than whole dietary patterns. In this review, we focus on how the Mediterranean diet (MD), a whole dietary pattern, could possibly act as an adjuvant therapeutic approach, modulating intestinal microbiota and intestinal barrier function in order to improve RA-related outcomes. We also review the potential effects of particular components of the MD, such as n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), polyphenols and fibre.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Dourado
- Serviço de Reumatologia e Doenças Ósseas Metabólicas, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, Centro Académico de Medicina de Lisboa (CAML), 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal;
- Unidade de Investigação em Reumatologia, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, CAML, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Margarida Ferro
- Laboratório de Nutrição, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal; (M.F.); (C.S.G.)
| | - Catarina Sousa Guerreiro
- Laboratório de Nutrição, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal; (M.F.); (C.S.G.)
- Instituto de Saúde Ambiental, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - João Eurico Fonseca
- Serviço de Reumatologia e Doenças Ósseas Metabólicas, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, Centro Académico de Medicina de Lisboa (CAML), 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal;
- Unidade de Investigação em Reumatologia, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, CAML, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
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33
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Poli A. What connection is there between intestinal microbiota and heart disease? Eur Heart J Suppl 2020; 22:L117-L120. [PMID: 33239984 PMCID: PMC7673613 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/suaa149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Information on the correlation between intestinal microbiota and cardiovascular risk is growing. Some species of the microbiota influence the metabolism of specific food components (such as carnitine, choline, phosphatidyl-choline), synthesizing the precursor of trimethylamine oxide, a molecule with documented harmful activity on the vascular wall. Other strains, on the other hand, metabolize dietary fibre by synthesizing short-chain fatty acids, which have a significant anti-inflammatory activity, or produce secondary metabolites originating from molecules present in food (such as enterodiol, which derives from lignin), characterized by a vascular protection activity. Prebiotic effects from plant compounds (such as berberine or resveratrol) are also documented, which would induce favourable changes in the composition of the microbiota. The possibility of influencing the composition and activity of the intestinal microbiota will probably represent, in the future, an important component of cardiovascular prevention strategies.
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34
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Du X, Zeng X, Zhang J, Pan K, Song L, Zhou J, Zhou L, Xie Y, Sun Q, Ge W, Chen R, Zhao J, Kan H. Ambient fine particulate matter induced the elevation of blood pressure through ACE2/Ang(1-7) pathway: The evidence from urine metabolites. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 203:111044. [PMID: 32888613 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is associated with various adverse health outcomes. Although several mechanisms have been proposed including oxidative stress and inflammatory responses, the exact mechanism is still unknown. Few studies have investigated the mechanism linking PM2.5 and blood pressure (BP). In this study, we measured urinary metabolites and BP -related renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) to investigate the associations between ambient PM2.5 exposure and BP in healthy C57BL/6 mice. METHODS The C57BL/6 mice were exposed to ambient concentrated PM2.5 or filtered air (FA) for 16 weeks. Systolic BP and diastolic BP were measured by noninvasive BP system. The urine metabolites were quantified using the untargeted metabolomics approach. The expression of RAAS-related proteins angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)2, angiotensin (Ang) II, Ang (1-7) and aldosterone (ALD) were measured using Western blot and ELISA kits. RESULTS The metabolomics analysis demonstrated that PM2.5 exposure induced significant changes of some metabolites in urine, including stress hormones, amino acids, fatty acids, and lipids. Furthermore, there was an elevation of BP, increase of serous Ang II and ALD, along with the decrease of ACE2 and Ang (1-7) in kidney in the PM2.5-exposed mice compared with FA-exposed mice. CONCLUSIONS The results demonstrated that PM2.5 exposure-induced BP elevation might be associated with RAAS activation. Meanwhile, PM2.5 exposure-induced changes of stress hormone and lipid metabolism might mediate the activation of RAAS. The results suggested that the systemic stress hormone and lipid metabolism was associated with the development of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xihao Du
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health and the Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuejiao Zeng
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health and the Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health and the Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kun Pan
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health and the Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liying Song
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health and the Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ji Zhou
- Typhoon Institute/CMA, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Meteorology and Health, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuquan Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qinghua Sun
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Wenzhen Ge
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., New York, 10591, USA
| | - Renjie Chen
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health and the Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinzhuo Zhao
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health and the Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Typhoon Institute/CMA, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Meteorology and Health, Shanghai, 200030, China.
| | - Haidong Kan
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health and the Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Center for Children's Health, Shanghai, China.
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35
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Djekic D, Shi L, Brolin H, Carlsson F, Särnqvist C, Savolainen O, Cao Y, Bäckhed F, Tremaroli V, Landberg R, Frøbert O. Effects of a Vegetarian Diet on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors, Gut Microbiota, and Plasma Metabolome in Subjects With Ischemic Heart Disease: A Randomized, Crossover Study. J Am Heart Assoc 2020; 9:e016518. [PMID: 32893710 PMCID: PMC7726986 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.120.016518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background A vegetarian diet (VD) may reduce future cardiovascular risk in patients with ischemic heart disease. Methods and Results A randomized crossover study was conducted in subjects with ischemic heart disease, assigned to 4-week intervention periods of isocaloric VD and meat diet (MD) with individually designed diet plans, separated by a 4-week washout period. The primary outcome was difference in oxidized low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) between diets. Secondary outcomes were differences in cardiometabolic risk factors, quality of life, gut microbiota, fecal short-chain and branched-chain fatty acids, and plasma metabolome. Of 150 eligible patients, 31 (21%) agreed to participate, and 27 (87%) participants completed the study. Mean oxidized LDL-C (-2.73 U/L), total cholesterol (-5.03 mg/dL), LDL-C (-3.87 mg/dL), and body weight (-0.67 kg) were significantly lower with the VD than with the MD. Differences between VD and MD were observed in the relative abundance of several microbe genera within the families Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae, and Akkermansiaceae. Plasma metabolites, including l-carnitine, acylcarnitine metabolites, and phospholipids, differed in subjects consuming VD and MD. The effect on oxidized LDL-C in response to the VD was associated with a baseline gut microbiota composition dominated by several genera of Ruminococcaceae. Conclusions The VD in conjunction with optimal medical therapy reduced levels of oxidized LDL-C, improved cardiometabolic risk factors, and altered the relative abundance of gut microbes and plasma metabolites in patients with ischemic heart disease. Our results suggest that composition of the gut microbiota at baseline may be related to the reduction of oxidized LDL-C observed with the VD. Registration URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT02942628.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demir Djekic
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of HealthÖrebro University HospitalÖrebroSweden
| | - Lin Shi
- Engineering and Nutritional ScienceShaanxi Normal UniversityXi’anChina
- Chalmers University of TechnologyGothenburgSweden
| | - Harald Brolin
- The Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical MedicineUniversity of GothenburgSweden
| | | | - Charlotte Särnqvist
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of HealthÖrebro University HospitalÖrebroSweden
| | | | - Yang Cao
- Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medical SciencesÖrebro UniversityÖrebroSweden
| | - Fredrik Bäckhed
- The Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical MedicineUniversity of GothenburgSweden
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenDenmark
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Region Västra GötalandSahlgrenska University HospitalGothenburgSweden
| | - Valentina Tremaroli
- The Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical MedicineUniversity of GothenburgSweden
| | - Rikard Landberg
- Chalmers University of TechnologyGothenburgSweden
- Department of Public Health and Clinical MedicineUmeå UniversityUmeåSweden
| | - Ole Frøbert
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of HealthÖrebro University HospitalÖrebroSweden
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36
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Scarmozzino F, Poli A, Visioli F. Microbiota and cardiovascular disease risk: A scoping review. Pharmacol Res 2020; 159:104952. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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37
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Newman AB, Kritchevsky SB, Guralnik JM, Cummings SR, Salive M, Kuchel GA, Schrack J, Morris MC, Weir D, Baccarelli A, Murabito JM, Ben-Shlomo Y, Espeland MA, Kirkland J, Melzer D, Ferrucci L. Accelerating the Search for Interventions Aimed at Expanding the Health Span in Humans: The Role of Epidemiology. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2020; 75:77-86. [PMID: 31722007 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glz230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extensive work in basic and clinical science suggests that biological mechanisms of aging are causally related to the development of disease and disability in late life. Modulation of the biological mechanisms of aging can extend both life span and health span in animal models, but translation to humans has been slow. METHODS Summary of workshop proceedings from the 2018-2019 Epidemiology of Aging Workshop hosted by the Intramural Research Program at the National Institute on Aging. RESULTS Epidemiologic studies play a vital role to progress in this field, particularly in evaluating new risk factors and measures of biologic aging that may influence health span, as well as developing relevant outcome measures that are robust and relevant for older individuals. CONCLUSIONS Appropriately designed epidemiological studies are needed to identify targets for intervention and to inform study design and sample size estimates for future clinical trials designed to promote health span.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne B Newman
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Department of Geriatric Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Stephen B Kritchevsky
- Sticht Center for Health Aging and Alzheimer's Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Jack M Guralnik
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Steven R Cummings
- San Francisco Coordinating Center, California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute San Fransisco, California, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Marcel Salive
- National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - George A Kuchel
- University of Connecticut Center on Aging, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jennifer Schrack
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Martha Clare Morris
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush Medical College, Rush University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - David Weir
- Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, New York, New York
| | - Andrea Baccarelli
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Laboratory of Precision Environmental Biosciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York
| | - Joanne M Murabito
- Department of Medicine, Section of General Internal Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yoav Ben-Shlomo
- Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.,National Institute for Health Research Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care West (NIHR CLAHRC West), University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Mark A Espeland
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - James Kirkland
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - David Melzer
- College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.,Center on Aging, School of Medicine, University of Connecticut, Farmington, Connecticut
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Longitudinal Studies Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland
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38
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Satyamitra MM, Cassatt DR, Hollingsworth BA, Price PW, Rios CI, Taliaferro LP, Winters TA, DiCarlo AL. Metabolomics in Radiation Biodosimetry: Current Approaches and Advances. Metabolites 2020; 10:metabo10080328. [PMID: 32796693 PMCID: PMC7465152 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10080328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Triage and medical intervention strategies for unanticipated exposure during a radiation incident benefit from the early, rapid and accurate assessment of dose level. Radiation exposure results in complex and persistent molecular and cellular responses that ultimately alter the levels of many biological markers, including the metabolomic phenotype. Metabolomics is an emerging field that promises the determination of radiation exposure by the qualitative and quantitative measurements of small molecules in a biological sample. This review highlights the current role of metabolomics in assessing radiation injury, as well as considerations for the diverse range of bioanalytical and sampling technologies that are being used to detect these changes. The authors also address the influence of the physiological status of an individual, the animal models studied, the technology and analysis employed in interrogating response to the radiation insult, and variables that factor into discovery and development of robust biomarker signatures. Furthermore, available databases for these studies have been reviewed, and existing regulatory guidance for metabolomics are discussed, with the ultimate goal of providing both context for this area of radiation research and the consideration of pathways for continued development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merriline M. Satyamitra
- Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program (RNCP), Division of Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation (DAIT), and National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 5601 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20852, USA; (D.R.C.); (B.A.H.); (C.I.R.); (L.P.T.); (T.A.W.); (A.L.D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-240-669-5432
| | - David R. Cassatt
- Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program (RNCP), Division of Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation (DAIT), and National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 5601 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20852, USA; (D.R.C.); (B.A.H.); (C.I.R.); (L.P.T.); (T.A.W.); (A.L.D.)
| | - Brynn A. Hollingsworth
- Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program (RNCP), Division of Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation (DAIT), and National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 5601 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20852, USA; (D.R.C.); (B.A.H.); (C.I.R.); (L.P.T.); (T.A.W.); (A.L.D.)
| | - Paul W. Price
- Office of Regulatory Affairs, Division of Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation (DAIT), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 5601 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20852, USA;
| | - Carmen I. Rios
- Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program (RNCP), Division of Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation (DAIT), and National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 5601 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20852, USA; (D.R.C.); (B.A.H.); (C.I.R.); (L.P.T.); (T.A.W.); (A.L.D.)
| | - Lanyn P. Taliaferro
- Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program (RNCP), Division of Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation (DAIT), and National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 5601 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20852, USA; (D.R.C.); (B.A.H.); (C.I.R.); (L.P.T.); (T.A.W.); (A.L.D.)
| | - Thomas A. Winters
- Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program (RNCP), Division of Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation (DAIT), and National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 5601 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20852, USA; (D.R.C.); (B.A.H.); (C.I.R.); (L.P.T.); (T.A.W.); (A.L.D.)
| | - Andrea L. DiCarlo
- Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program (RNCP), Division of Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation (DAIT), and National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 5601 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20852, USA; (D.R.C.); (B.A.H.); (C.I.R.); (L.P.T.); (T.A.W.); (A.L.D.)
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Guo Y, Bian X, Liu J, Zhu M, Li L, Yao T, Tang C, Ravichandran V, Liao P, Papadimitriou K, Yin J. Dietary Components, Microbial Metabolites and Human Health: Reading between the Lines. Foods 2020; 9:E1045. [PMID: 32756378 PMCID: PMC7466307 DOI: 10.3390/foods9081045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Trillions of bacteria reside in the human gut and they metabolize dietary substances to obtain nutrients and energy while producing metabolites. Therefore, different dietary components could affect human health in various ways through microbial metabolism. Many such metabolites have been shown to affect human physiological activities, including short-chain fatty acids metabolized from carbohydrates; indole, kynurenic acid and para-cresol, metabolized from amino acids; conjugated linoleic acid and linoleic acid, metabolized from lipids. Here, we review the features of these metabolites and summarize the possible molecular mechanisms of their metabolisms by gut microbiota. We discuss the potential roles of these metabolites in health and diseases, and the interactions between host metabolism and the gut microbiota. We also show some of the major dietary patterns around the world and hope this review can provide insights into our eating habits and improve consumers' health conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Guo
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410006, China; (Y.G.); (X.B.); (J.L.); (M.Z.); (L.L.); (T.Y.); (C.T.)
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410006, China
| | - Xiaohan Bian
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410006, China; (Y.G.); (X.B.); (J.L.); (M.Z.); (L.L.); (T.Y.); (C.T.)
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410006, China
| | - Jiali Liu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410006, China; (Y.G.); (X.B.); (J.L.); (M.Z.); (L.L.); (T.Y.); (C.T.)
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410006, China
| | - Ming Zhu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410006, China; (Y.G.); (X.B.); (J.L.); (M.Z.); (L.L.); (T.Y.); (C.T.)
| | - Lin Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410006, China; (Y.G.); (X.B.); (J.L.); (M.Z.); (L.L.); (T.Y.); (C.T.)
| | - Tingyu Yao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410006, China; (Y.G.); (X.B.); (J.L.); (M.Z.); (L.L.); (T.Y.); (C.T.)
| | - Congjia Tang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410006, China; (Y.G.); (X.B.); (J.L.); (M.Z.); (L.L.); (T.Y.); (C.T.)
| | - Vinothkannan Ravichandran
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University–Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China;
| | - Peng Liao
- Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China;
| | - Konstantinos Papadimitriou
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture and Food, University of Peloponnese, 22131 Antikalamos, Greece;
| | - Jia Yin
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410006, China; (Y.G.); (X.B.); (J.L.); (M.Z.); (L.L.); (T.Y.); (C.T.)
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410006, China
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Zheng F, Gonçalves FM, Abiko Y, Li H, Kumagai Y, Aschner M. Redox toxicology of environmental chemicals causing oxidative stress. Redox Biol 2020; 34:101475. [PMID: 32336668 PMCID: PMC7327986 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Living organisms are surrounded with heavy metals such as methylmercury, manganese, cobalt, cadmium, arsenic, as well as pesticides such as deltamethrin and paraquat, or atmospheric pollutants such as quinone. Extensive studies have demonstrated a strong link between environmental pollutants and human health. Redox toxicity is proposed as one of the main mechanisms of chemical-induced pathology in humans. Acting as both a sensor of oxidative stress and a positive regulator of antioxidants, the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) has attracted recent attention. However, the role NRF2 plays in environmental pollutant-induced toxicity has not been systematically addressed. Here, we characterize NRF2 function in response to various pollutants, such as metals, pesticides and atmospheric quinones. NRF2 related signaling pathways and epigenetic regulations are also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuli Zheng
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China; Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Forchheimer 209, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY, 10461, United States.
| | - Filipe Marques Gonçalves
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Forchheimer 209, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY, 10461, United States
| | - Yumi Abiko
- Environmental Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Huangyuan Li
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, China.
| | - Yoshito Kumagai
- Environmental Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, 305-8575, Japan.
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Forchheimer 209, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY, 10461, United States.
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San-Cristobal R, Navas-Carretero S, Martínez-González MÁ, Ordovas JM, Martínez JA. Contribution of macronutrients to obesity: implications for precision nutrition. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2020; 16:305-320. [PMID: 32235875 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-020-0346-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The specific metabolic contribution of consuming different energy-yielding macronutrients (namely, carbohydrates, protein and lipids) to obesity is a matter of active debate. In this Review, we summarize the current research concerning associations between the intake of different macronutrients and weight gain and adiposity. We discuss insights into possible differential mechanistic pathways where macronutrients might act on either appetite or adipogenesis to cause weight gain. We also explore the role of dietary macronutrient distribution on thermogenesis or energy expenditure for weight loss and maintenance. On the basis of the data discussed, we describe a novel way to manage excessive body weight; namely, prescribing personalized diets with different macronutrient compositions according to the individual's genotype and/or enterotype. In this context, the interplay of macronutrient consumption with obesity incidence involves mechanisms that affect appetite, thermogenesis and metabolism, and the outcomes of these mechanisms are altered by an individual's genotype and microbiota. Indeed, the interactions of the genetic make-up and/or microbiota features of a person with specific macronutrient intakes or dietary pattern consumption help to explain individualized responses to macronutrients and food patterns, which might represent key factors for comprehensive precision nutrition recommendations and personalized obesity management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo San-Cristobal
- Precision Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health, IMDEA-Food Institute (Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies), Campus of International Excellence (CEI) UAM+CSIC, Spanish National Research Council, Madrid, Spain
| | - Santiago Navas-Carretero
- Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
- CIBERobn, Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red Area de Fisiologia de la Obesidad y la Nutricion, Madrid, Spain.
- IdisNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Miguel Ángel Martínez-González
- CIBERobn, Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red Area de Fisiologia de la Obesidad y la Nutricion, Madrid, Spain
- IdisNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - José María Ordovas
- Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, JM-USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Population Genetics, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
- Nutritional Genomics of Cardiovascular Disease and Obesity Fundation IMDEA Food, Campus of International Excellence, Spanish National Research Council, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Alfredo Martínez
- Precision Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health, IMDEA-Food Institute (Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies), Campus of International Excellence (CEI) UAM+CSIC, Spanish National Research Council, Madrid, Spain
- Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- CIBERobn, Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red Area de Fisiologia de la Obesidad y la Nutricion, Madrid, Spain
- IdisNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
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Human urine 1H NMR metabolomics reveals alterations of protein and carbohydrate metabolism when comparing habitual Average Danish diet vs. healthy New Nordic diet. Nutrition 2020; 79-80:110867. [PMID: 32619792 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2020.110867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the alteration of the human urine metabolome by means of diet and to compare the metabolic effects of the nutritionally healthy New Nordic Diet (NND) with an Average Danish Diet (ADD). The NND was designed a decade ago by scientists and chefs, based on local and sustainable foods, including fish, shellfish, vegetables, roots, fruit, and berries. The NND has been proven to lower blood pressure, reduce glycemia, and lead to weight loss. METHODS The human urine metabolome was measured by untargeted proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy in samples from 142 centrally obese Danes (20-66 years old), randomized to consume the ADD or the NND. The resulting metabolomics data was processed and analyzed using advanced multivariate data analysis methods to reveal effects related to the design factors, including diet, season, sex, and changes in body weight. RESULTS Exploration of the nuclear magnetic resonance profiles revealed unique metabolite markers reflecting changes in protein and carbohydrate metabolism between the two diets. Glycine betaine, glucose, trimethylamine N-oxide and creatinine were increased in urine of the individuals following the NND compared with the ADD population, whereas relative concentrations of tartrate, dimethyl sulfone, and propylene glycol were decreased. Propylene glycol had a strong association with the homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance in the NND group. The food intake biomarkers found in this study confirm the importance of these as tools for nutritional research. CONCLUSIONS Findings from this study provided new insights into the effects of a healthy diet on glycemia, reduction of inflammation, and weight loss among obese individuals, and alteration of the gut microbiota metabolism.
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Fernández-García JC, Martínez-Sánchez MA, Bernal-López MR, Muñoz-Garach A, Martínez-González MA, Fitó M, Salas-Salvadó J, Tinahones FJ, Ramos-Molina B. Effect of a lifestyle intervention program with energy-restricted Mediterranean diet and exercise on the serum polyamine metabolome in individuals at high cardiovascular disease risk: a randomized clinical trial. Am J Clin Nutr 2020; 111:975-982. [PMID: 32246717 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqaa064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many food items included in the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) are rich in polyamines, small aliphatic amines with potential cardioprotective effects. The consumption of a MedDiet could increase polyamine concentrations. Based on experimental models, polyamine concentrations may be also influenced by physical activity (PA). OBJECTIVES We aimed to evaluate whether an intervention based on an energy-restricted MedDiet (er-MedDiet) and PA promotion, in comparison with an energy-unrestricted MedDiet and traditional health care, influences the serum pattern of polyamines and related metabolites in subjects at high risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). METHODS This was a substudy from the PREDIMED-Plus trial, an ongoing randomized clinical trial including 6874 participants allocated either to an intensive weight-loss lifestyle intervention based on er-MedDiet, PA promotion, and behavioral support (er-MedDiet + PA group), or to an energy-unrestricted MedDiet and traditional health care group (MedDiet group). A total of 75 patients (n = 38, er-MedDiet + PA group; n = 37, MedDiet group) were included in this study. Serum concentrations of arginine, ornithine, polyamines, and acetyl polyamines at baseline and 26 wk of intervention were measured by an ultra-high-performance LC-tandem MS platform. RESULTS At week 26, study groups had similar adherence to the MedDiet but patients randomly assigned to the er-MedDiet + PA group showed significantly lower mean energy intake (-340.3 kcal/d; 95% CI: -567.3, -113.4 kcal/d; P = 0.004), higher mean PA (1290.6; 95% CI: 39.9, 2541.3 metabolic equivalent tasks · min/d; P = 0.043), and higher mean decrease in BMI (in kg/m2) (-1.3; 95% CI: -1.8, -0.6; P < 0.001) than the MedDiet group. However, no significant differences in serum polyamines or related metabolites were found between study groups after 26 wk of intervention and no significant between-group differences were found in glycated hemoglobin, HDL-cholesterol, or triglyceride concentrations. CONCLUSIONS In individuals at high CVD risk, an er-MedDiet with increased PA did not result in significant changes of serum concentrations of polyamines or related metabolites in comparison with an energy-unrestricted MedDiet and no increase in PA. This trial was registered at isrctn.com as ISRCTN89898870.
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Affiliation(s)
- José C Fernández-García
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Institute of Biomedical Research in Malaga (IBIMA), Malaga, Spain.,CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - María A Martínez-Sánchez
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Institute of Biomedical Research in Malaga (IBIMA), Malaga, Spain
| | - María R Bernal-López
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Internal Medicine Department, Regional University Hospital of Malaga, Institute of Biomedical Research in Malaga (IBIMA), Malaga, Spain
| | - Araceli Muñoz-Garach
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Institute of Biomedical Research in Malaga (IBIMA), Malaga, Spain.,CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel A Martínez-González
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Medical School, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Montse Fitó
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Unit of Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mediques (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Salas-Salvadó
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Human Nutrition Unit, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Institut d'Investigació Sanitaria Pere Virgili (IISPV); Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain
| | - Francisco J Tinahones
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Institute of Biomedical Research in Malaga (IBIMA), Malaga, Spain.,CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Bruno Ramos-Molina
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Virgen de la Victoria University Hospital, Institute of Biomedical Research in Malaga (IBIMA), Malaga, Spain.,CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain
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Sharma S, Parry-Williams G, Gati S. The metabolic signature: an emerging paradigm in cardiovascular nutritional health research? Eur Heart J 2020; 41:2657-2659. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Sharma
- Cardiology Clinical and Academic Group, St George’s, University of London, UK
| | | | - Sabiha Gati
- Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Trust and Imperial College, London, UK
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Damiani C, Gaglio D, Sacco E, Alberghina L, Vanoni M. Systems metabolomics: from metabolomic snapshots to design principles. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2020; 63:190-199. [PMID: 32278263 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2020.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Metabolomics is a rapidly expanding technology that finds increasing application in a variety of fields, form metabolic disorders to cancer, from nutrition and wellness to design and optimization of cell factories. The integration of metabolic snapshots with metabolic fluxes, physiological readouts, metabolic models, and knowledge-informed Artificial Intelligence tools, is required to obtain a system-level understanding of metabolism. The emerging power of multi-omic approaches and the development of integrated experimental and computational tools, able to dissect metabolic features at cellular and subcellular resolution, provide unprecedented opportunities for understanding design principles of metabolic (dis)regulation and for the development of precision therapies in multifactorial diseases, such as cancer and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Damiani
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126 Milan, Italy; ISBE.IT, SYSBIO Centre of Systems Biology, Piazza della Scienza 2, Milan 20126, Italy
| | - Daniela Gaglio
- ISBE.IT, SYSBIO Centre of Systems Biology, Piazza della Scienza 2, Milan 20126, Italy; Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology (IBFM), National Research Council (CNR), Segrate, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Sacco
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126 Milan, Italy; ISBE.IT, SYSBIO Centre of Systems Biology, Piazza della Scienza 2, Milan 20126, Italy
| | - Lilia Alberghina
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126 Milan, Italy; ISBE.IT, SYSBIO Centre of Systems Biology, Piazza della Scienza 2, Milan 20126, Italy
| | - Marco Vanoni
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126 Milan, Italy; ISBE.IT, SYSBIO Centre of Systems Biology, Piazza della Scienza 2, Milan 20126, Italy.
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Misra BB. The Connection and Disconnection Between Microbiome and Metabolome: A Critical Appraisal in Clinical Research. Biol Res Nurs 2020; 22:561-576. [PMID: 32013533 DOI: 10.1177/1099800420903083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Big data-driven omics research has led to a steep rise in investigations involving two of the most functional omes, the metabolome and microbiome. The former is touted as the closest to the phenotype, and the latter is implicated in general well-being and a plethora of human diseases. Although some research publications have integrated the concepts of the two domains, most focus their analyses on evidence solely originating from one or the other. With a growing interest in connecting the microbiome and metabolome in the context of disease, researchers must also appreciate the disconnect between the two domains. In the present review, drawing examples from the current literature, tools, and resources, I discuss the connections between the microbiome and metabolome and highlight challenges and opportunities in linking them together for the basic, translational, clinical, and nursing research communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswapriya B Misra
- Center for Precision Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Molecular Medicine, 12279Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
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Snelson M, Biruete A, McFarlane C, Campbell K. A Renal Clinician's Guide to the Gut Microbiota. J Ren Nutr 2020; 30:384-395. [PMID: 31928802 DOI: 10.1053/j.jrn.2019.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
It is increasingly recognized that the gut microbiota plays a role in the progression of chronic diseases and that diet may confer health benefits by altering the gut microbiota composition. This is of particular relevance for chronic kidney disease (CKD), as the gut is a source of uremic retention solutes, which accumulate as a result of impaired kidney function and can exert nephrotoxic and other harmful effects. Kidney dysfunction is also associated with changes in the composition of the gut microbiota and the gastrointestinal tract. Diet modulates the gut microbiota, and there is much interest in the use of prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics as dietary therapies in CKD, as well as dietary patterns that beneficially alter the microbiota. This review provides an overview of the gut microbiota and its measurement, its relevance in the context of CKD, and the current state of knowledge regarding dietary manipulation of the microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Snelson
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Annabel Biruete
- Division of Nephrology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Catherine McFarlane
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Renal Department, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, Queensland, Australia
| | - Katrina Campbell
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia; Allied Health Services, Metro North Hospital and Health Service, Herston, Queensland, Australia
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Vossen E, Goethals S, De Vrieze J, Boon N, Van Hecke T, De Smet S. Red and processed meat consumption within two different dietary patterns: Effect on the colon microbial community and volatile metabolites in pigs. Food Res Int 2019; 129:108793. [PMID: 32036914 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2019.108793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pigs were fed either red and processed meat or chicken meat within either a prudent or a Western dietary pattern for four weeks (2 × 2 full factorial design). The colon microbial community and volatile organic compounds were assessed (either quantified or based on their presence). Results show that Lactobacilli were characteristic for the chicken × prudent dietary pattern treatment and Paraprevotella for the red and processed meat × prudent dietary pattern treatment. Enterobacteriaceae and Desulfovibrio were characteristic for the chicken × Western dietary pattern treatment and Butyrivibrio for the red and processed meat × Western dietary pattern treatment. Campylobacter was characteristic for chicken consumption and Clostridium XIVa for red and processed meat, irrespective of the dietary pattern. Ethyl valerate and 1-methylthio-propane were observed more frequently in pigs fed red and processed meat compared to chicken meat. The prevalence of 3-methylbutanal was >80% for pigs receiving a Western dietary pattern, whereas for pigs fed a prudent dietary pattern the prevalence was <35%. The concentration of butanoic acid was significantly higher when the prudent dietary pattern was given, compared to the Western dietary pattern, but no differences for other short chain fatty acids or protein fermentation products were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Els Vossen
- Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sophie Goethals
- Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jo De Vrieze
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology, Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nico Boon
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology, Department of Biotechnology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Thomas Van Hecke
- Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Stefaan De Smet
- Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, Ghent, Belgium.
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Iruarrizaga-Lejarreta M, Arretxe E, Alonso C. Using metabolomics to develop precision medicine strategies to treat nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. EXPERT REVIEW OF PRECISION MEDICINE AND DRUG DEVELOPMENT 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/23808993.2019.1685379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Enara Arretxe
- OWL Metabolomics, Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Derio, Spain
| | - Cristina Alonso
- OWL Metabolomics, Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Derio, Spain
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Metabolic and Vascular Effect of the Mediterranean Diet. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20194716. [PMID: 31547615 PMCID: PMC6801699 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies indicated how dietary patterns that were obtained from nutritional cluster analysis can predict disease risk or mortality. Low-grade chronic inflammation represents a background pathogenetic mechanism linking metabolic risk factors to increased risk of chronic degenerative diseases. A Mediterranean diet (MeDi) style has been reported as associated with a lower degree of inflammation biomarkers and with a protective role on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events. There is heterogeneity in defining the MedDiet, and it can, owing to its complexity, be considered as an exposome with thousands of nutrients and phytochemicals. Recently, it has been reported a novel positive association between baseline plasma ceramide concentrations and cardiovascular events and how adherence to a Mediterranean Diet-style may influence the potential negative relationship between elevated plasma ceramide concentrations and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Several randomized controlled trials (RCTs) showed the positive effects of the MeDi diet style on several cardiovascular risk factors, such as body mass index, waist circumference, blood lipids, blood pressure, inflammatory markers and adhesion molecules, and diabetes and how these advantages of the MeDi are maintained in comparison of a low-fat diet. Some studies reported a positive effect of adherence to a Mediterranean Diet and heart failure incidence, whereas some recent studies, such as the PREDIMED study, showed that the incidence of major cardiovascular events was lower among those assigned to MeDi supplemented with extra-virgin olive oil or nuts than among those assigned to a reduced-fat diet. New studies are needed to better understand the molecular mechanisms, whereby the MedDiet may exercise its effects. Here, we present recent advances in understanding the molecular basis of MedDiet effects, mainly focusing on cardiovascular diseases, but also discussing other related diseases. We review MedDiet composition and assessment as well as the latest advances in the genomic, epigenomic (DNA methylation, histone modifications, microRNAs, and other emerging regulators), transcriptomic (selected genes and whole transcriptome), and metabolomic and metagenomic aspects of the MedDiet effects (as a whole and for its most typical food components). We also present a review of the clinical effects of this dietary style underlying the biochemical and molecular effects of the Mediterranean diet. Our purpose is to review the main features of the Mediterranean diet in particular its benefits on human health, underling the anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and anti-atherosclerotic effects to which new knowledge about epigenetic and gut-microbiota relationship is recently added.
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