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Murphy BÓ, Latimer C, Dobani S, Pourshahidi LK, Fontana M, Ternan NG, McDougall G, Rowland I, Pereira-Caro G, Tuohy KM, Del Rio D, Almutairi TM, Crozier A, Naumovski N, Gill CIR. Microbially mediated phenolic catabolites exert differential genoprotective activities in normal and adenocarcinoma cell lines. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2024:1-14. [PMID: 39261459 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2024.2397055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 08/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
Age-associated decline of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activity and DNA repair efficiency leads to the accumulation of DNA damage and increased risk of cancer. Understanding the mechanisms behind increased levels of damaged DNA is crucial for developing interventions to mitigate age-related cancer risk. Associated with various health benefits, (poly)phenols and their microbially mediated phenolic catabolites represent a potential means to reduce DNA damage. Four colonic-microbiota-derived phenolic catabolites were investigated for their ability to reduce H2O2-induced oxidative DNA damage and modulate the Nrf2-Antixoidant Response Element (ARE) pathway, in normal (CCD 841 CoN) and adenocarcinoma (HT29) colonocyte cell lines. Each catabolite demonstrated significant (p < .001) genoprotective activity and modulation of key genes in the Nrf2-ARE pathway. Overall, the colon-derived phenolic metabolites, when assessed at physiologically relevant concentrations, reduced DNA damage in both normal and adenocarcinoma colonic cells in response to oxidative challenge, mediated in part via upregulation of the Nrf2-ARE pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Óg Murphy
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), Ulster University, Coleraine, UK
| | - Cheryl Latimer
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), Ulster University, Coleraine, UK
| | - Sara Dobani
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), Ulster University, Coleraine, UK
| | - L Kirsty Pourshahidi
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), Ulster University, Coleraine, UK
| | - Massimilano Fontana
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), Ulster University, Coleraine, UK
| | - Nigel G Ternan
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), Ulster University, Coleraine, UK
| | - Gordon McDougall
- Environmental and Biochemical Sciences Department, The James Hutton Institute, Dundee, UK
| | - Ian Rowland
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Gema Pereira-Caro
- Department of Food Science and Health, IFAPA-Alameda Del Obispo, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Kieran M Tuohy
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Daniele Del Rio
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | | | - Alan Crozier
- Department of Chemistry, King Saud University Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Nenad Naumovski
- School of Rehabilitation and Exercise Sciences, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia
| | - Chris I R Gill
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), Ulster University, Coleraine, UK
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Chau TP, Saravanan M, Al-Ansari MM, Al-Dahmash ND, Kuriakose LL, Sindhu R. Antimicrobial and biocompatibility nature of methanol extract of Lannea coromandelica bark and edible coating film preparation for fruit preservation. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 243:117861. [PMID: 38070851 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
This research was performed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of methanol extract of Lannea coromandelica bark against fruit damage causing microbes such as fungi: Alternaria sp., Aspergillus sp., Botrytis sp., Cladosporium sp., Fusarium sp., Penicillium sp., Phytophthora sp., and Trichoderma sp. The bacteria: such as Chromobacter sp., Enterobacter sp., Erwinia sp., Flavobacterium sp., Lactobacillus sp., Pseudomonas sp., and Xanthomonas sp. was investigated. Furthermore, their biocompatibility nature was determined through animal (rat) model study and their fruit preserving potential was determined by edible coating preparation with chitosan and other substances. Interestingly, the extract showed dose dependent (1000 μg mL-1) activity against these microbes in the following order: Enterobacter sp. (26.4 ± 1.5) > Chromobacter sp. (25.4 ± 1.6) > Pseudomonas sp. (24.5 ± 1.3) > Flavobacterium sp. (24.3 ± 1.4) > Xanthomonas sp. (23.6 ± 1.6) > Erwinia sp. (23.6 ± 1.6) > Lactobacillus sp. (19.6 ± 1.3). Similarly, the antifungal activity was found as Penicillium sp. (32.6 ± 1.3) > Cladosporium sp. (32.6 ± 1.5) > Alternaria sp. (30.3 ± 1.2) > Aspergillus sp. (29.9 ± 1.8) > Botrytis sp. (29.8 ± 1.2) > Fusarium sp. (28.6 ± 1.5) > Trichoderma sp. (19.8 ± 1.4) > Phytophthora sp. (16.2 ± 1.1). The acute toxicity and histopathological study results revealed that the extract possesses biocompatible in nature. The illumination transmittance and active functional groups involved in interaction among test methanol extract and chitosan investigated by UV-vis and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses and found average light transmittance and few vital functional groups accountable for optimistic interaction to creak edible coating. Approximately four (set I-IV) treatment sets were prepared, and it was discovered that all of the coated Citrus maxima fruit quality characteristics including total soluble solids (TSS), weight loss (%), pH of fruit pulp juice, and decay percentage were significantly (p>0.05) better than uncoated fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tan Phat Chau
- Faculty of Applied Technology, School of Technology, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
| | - Mythili Saravanan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Carolina Central University, USA
| | - Mysoon M Al-Ansari
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nora Dahmash Al-Dahmash
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Laya Liz Kuriakose
- Department of Food Technology, TKM Institute of Technology, Kollam, Kerala, India
| | - Raveendran Sindhu
- Department of Food Technology, TKM Institute of Technology, Kollam, Kerala, India.
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Marçal R, Sousa P, Marques A, Pereira V, Guilherme S, Barreto A, Costas B, Rocha RJM, Pacheco M. Exploring the Antioxidant and Genoprotective Potential of Salicornia ramosissima Incorporation in the Diet of the European Seabass ( Dicentrarchus labrax). Animals (Basel) 2023; 14:93. [PMID: 38200822 PMCID: PMC10778275 DOI: 10.3390/ani14010093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The identification of novel feed materials as a source of functional ingredients is a topical priority in the finfish aquaculture sector. Due to the agrotechnical practices associated and phytochemical profiling, halophytes emerge as a new source of feedstuff for aquafeeds, with the potential to boost productivity and environmental sustainability. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the potential of Salicornia ramosissima incorporation (2.5, 5, and 10%), for 2 months, in the diet of juvenile European seabass, seeking antioxidant (in the liver, gills, and blood) and genoprotective (DNA and chromosomal integrity in blood) benefits. Halophyte inclusion showed no impairments on growth performance. Moreover, a tissue-specific antioxidant improvement was apparent, namely through the GSH-related defense subsystem, but revealing multiple and complex mechanisms. A genotoxic trigger (regarded as a pro-genoprotective mechanism) was identified in the first month of supplementation. A clear protection of DNA integrity was detected in the second month, for all the supplementation levels (and the most prominent melioration at 10%). Overall, these results pointed out a functionality of S. ramosissima-supplemented diets and a promising way to improve aquaculture practices, also unraveling a complementary novel, low-value raw material, and a path to its valorization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Marçal
- CESAM—Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (P.S.); (A.M.); (V.P.); (S.G.); (M.P.)
| | - Pedro Sousa
- CESAM—Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (P.S.); (A.M.); (V.P.); (S.G.); (M.P.)
| | - Ana Marques
- CESAM—Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (P.S.); (A.M.); (V.P.); (S.G.); (M.P.)
| | - Vitória Pereira
- CESAM—Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (P.S.); (A.M.); (V.P.); (S.G.); (M.P.)
| | - Sofia Guilherme
- CESAM—Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (P.S.); (A.M.); (V.P.); (S.G.); (M.P.)
| | - André Barreto
- Riasearch, Lda., 3870-168 Murtosa, Portugal; (A.B.); (R.J.M.R.)
| | - Benjamin Costas
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Universidade do Porto, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal;
- School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS-UP), University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui J. M. Rocha
- Riasearch, Lda., 3870-168 Murtosa, Portugal; (A.B.); (R.J.M.R.)
| | - Mário Pacheco
- CESAM—Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (P.S.); (A.M.); (V.P.); (S.G.); (M.P.)
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Wei RR, Lin QY, Adu M, Huang HL, Yan ZH, Shao F, Zhong GY, Zhang ZL, Sang ZP, Cao L, Ma QG. The sources, properties, extraction, biosynthesis, pharmacology, and application of lycopene. Food Funct 2023; 14:9974-9998. [PMID: 37916682 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo03327a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Lycopene is an important pigment with an alkene skeleton from Lycopersicon esculentum, which is also obtained from some red fruits and vegetables. Lycopene is used in the food field with rich functions and serves in the medical field with multiple clinical values because it has dual functions of both medicine and food. It was found that lycopene was mainly isolated by solvent extraction, ultrasonic-assisted extraction, supercritical fluid extraction, high-intensity pulsed electric field-assisted extraction, enzymatic-assisted extraction, and microwave-assisted extraction. Meanwhile, it was also obtained via 2 synthetic pathways: chemical synthesis and biosynthesis. Pharmacological studies revealed that lycopene has anti-oxidant, hypolipidemic, anti-cancer, immunity-enhancing, hepatoprotective, hypoglycemic, cardiovascular-protective, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, and osteoporosis-inhibiting effects. The application of lycopene mainly includes food processing, animal breeding, and medical cosmetology fields. It is hoped that this review will provide some useful information and guidance for future study and exploitation of lycopene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Rui Wei
- Research Center of Natural Resources of Chinese Medicinal Materials and Ethnic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Laboratory Service Center, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China.
| | - Qing-Yuan Lin
- Research Center of Natural Resources of Chinese Medicinal Materials and Ethnic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Laboratory Service Center, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China.
| | - Mozili Adu
- Research Center of Natural Resources of Chinese Medicinal Materials and Ethnic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Laboratory Service Center, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China.
| | - Hui-Lian Huang
- Research Center of Natural Resources of Chinese Medicinal Materials and Ethnic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Laboratory Service Center, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China.
| | - Zhi-Hong Yan
- Research Center of Natural Resources of Chinese Medicinal Materials and Ethnic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Laboratory Service Center, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China.
| | - Feng Shao
- Research Center of Natural Resources of Chinese Medicinal Materials and Ethnic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Laboratory Service Center, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China.
| | - Guo-Yue Zhong
- Research Center of Natural Resources of Chinese Medicinal Materials and Ethnic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Laboratory Service Center, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China.
| | - Zhong-Li Zhang
- Research Center of Natural Resources of Chinese Medicinal Materials and Ethnic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Laboratory Service Center, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China.
| | - Zhi-Pei Sang
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China.
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education and One Health Institute, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Lan Cao
- Research Center of Natural Resources of Chinese Medicinal Materials and Ethnic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Laboratory Service Center, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China.
| | - Qin-Ge Ma
- Research Center of Natural Resources of Chinese Medicinal Materials and Ethnic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Laboratory Service Center, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China.
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Lin B, Wang S, Zhou A, Hu Q, Huang G. Ultrasound-assisted enzyme extraction and properties of Shatian pomelo peel polysaccharide. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2023; 98:106507. [PMID: 37406540 PMCID: PMC10422119 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, Shatian pomelo peel was used as the raw material for extracting polysaccharides using hot water extraction (HW) and ultrasonic-assisted enzyme (UVE) methods, respectively. The optimal parameters for extractingShatian pomelo peel polysaccharides (StPP) using the ultrasound-assisted enzymatic method were determined using response surface methodology (RSM). The optimal conditions for the extraction of StPP were as follows: ultrasound power 350 W, ultrasound time 50 min, enzymatic digestion time 50 min, compound enzyme addition 1.5%, and enzymatic digestion temperature 55 °C. The yield of StPP was found to be 30.1310% under these conditions. Comparing the physicochemical properties and antioxidant activity of StPP extracted using different methods, it was observed that ultrasound-assisted enzyme extraction resulted in higher yield, sugar content and glucuronic acid content of StPP compared to traditional hot water extraction. Additionally, StPP extracted by ultrasound-assisted enzyme extraction showed better antioxidant activity. These results suggest that ultrasound-assisted enzymatic extraction is an effective method to enhance the activity of natural polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bobo Lin
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Science and Engineering, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Shasha Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Science and Engineering, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Anqi Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Science and Engineering, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Qiurui Hu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Science and Engineering, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Gangliang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Science and Engineering, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China.
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Yadav V, Krishnan A, Zahiruddin S, Ahmad S, Vohora D. Amelioration of cyclophosphamide-induced DNA damage, oxidative stress, and hepato- and neurotoxicity by Piper longum extract in rats: The role of γH2AX and 8-OHdG. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1147823. [PMID: 36969834 PMCID: PMC10036401 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1147823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The identification of genoprotectants is a promising strategy for improving human health. Piper longum has drawn scientific attention because of its diverse biological effects and traditional utilization. The current investigation aims to evaluate the genome-stabilizing potential of Piper longum against cyclophosphamide-associated genotoxicity.Methods: We adopted a funnel screening with a three-tier evaluation approach, where Piper longum was investigated in an acellular medium, peripheral blood lymphocytes, and a rodent model. The genoprotective action of the Piper longum extract was initially performed with plasmid pBluescript SK(-) DNA. Furthermore, the extract and various fractions were screened against cyclophosphamide-induced genotoxicity using a cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay and a chromosomal aberration assay in human peripheral blood lymphocytes. The genome-stabilizing action of the extract and potent (hexane) fraction was further confirmed in vivo in Wistar albino rats by evaluating them using mammalian erythrocyte micronucleus tests, DNA fragmentation, oxidative stress markers, 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), γH2AX, and histopathological lesions in the liver and hippocampus. Additionally, acute and sub-acute toxicity studies were conducted following the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) guidelines for rats. Furthermore, the extract was quantified and characterized by high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC), ultra-high performance liquid chromatography–mass spectroscopy (UPLC-MS), and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS).Results: The Piper longum ethanol extract was shown to protect plasmid pBluescript SK(-) DNA against H2O2-induced strand breaks. In human lymphocytes, the extract and hexane fraction showed a reduction in micronucleus formation (p < 0.001) and chromosomal aberrations (p < 0.01) against cyclophosphamide. Furthermore, the extract and fraction treatment, when administered at 200 mg/kg for 28 days in Wistar rats, restored cyclophosphamide-induced genomic instability by reducing micronucleus formation and DNA fragmentation; restoring redox homeostasis; decreasing 8-OHdG, a hallmark of oxidative DNA damage; reducing γH2AX, a DNA double-strand break (DSB) marker; and preserving the liver and hippocampus against histopathological lesions. The extract and fraction revealed no signs of systemic toxicity at the used doses. Piperine and piperlongumine are the major alkaloids quantified along with the presence of flavonoids in the ethanol extract and the presence of fatty acids and terpenoids in the hexane fraction of Piper longum.Conclusion: Our investigation confirms the genoprotective action of Piper longum by reducing cyclophosphamide-associated cytogenotoxicity, oxidative stress, hepato- and neurotoxicity, oxidative DNA damage, and DNA double-strand breaks. The outcomes are critical for mitigating the genotoxic effects of chemotherapy recipients, requiring further attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaishali Yadav
- Neurobehavioral Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
| | - Anuja Krishnan
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
| | - Sultan Zahiruddin
- Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
| | - Sayeed Ahmad
- Bioactive Natural Product Laboratory, Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
| | - Divya Vohora
- Neurobehavioral Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
- *Correspondence: Divya Vohora,
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Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Rutin: Evaluation of Kinetic Parameters and Anti-Proliferative, Mutagenic and Anti-Mutagenic Effects. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13020549. [PMID: 36836907 PMCID: PMC9967632 DOI: 10.3390/life13020549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The bioavailability of glucoside flavonoids is influenced by the nature of the sugar, glucosides being absorbed faster than rhamnoglucosides, for example. One strategy to enhance the bioavailability is enzymatic hydrolysis. In this study, some kinetic parameters of hesperidinase-mediated hydrolysis of rutin were evaluated using an UHPLC/QTOF-MSE analysis of the products of a bioconversion reaction. The resulting hydrolyzed rutins (after 4, 8 and 12 h of reaction) were submitted to anti-proliferative and Cytokinesis-Block Micronucleus (CBMN) assays in CHO-K1 cells. In the hesperidinase-mediated hydrolysis, the final concentration of quercetin-3-O-glucoside (Q3G) was directly proportional to the rutin concentration and inversely proportional to the reaction time. At an anti-proliferative concentration (2.5 μg/mL), hydrolyzed rutin derivatives did not show a mutagenic effect, except for the sample with a higher content of Q3G (after 4 h of the enzymatic hydrolysis of rutin). Moreover, the higher Q3G content in hydrolyzed rutin protected the CHO-K1 cells 92% of the time against methyl methanesulfonate-induced mutagenic damage. These results suggested that the anti-mutagenic effect of hydrolyzed rutin might be related to antioxidant and cell death induction. Presenting a good lipophilicity/hydrophilicity ratio, together with antioxidant and anti-mutagenic activities, the hesperidinase-mediated hydrolyzed rutin seemed to be a promisor raw material for the development of food supplements.
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Fakudze NT, Aniogo EC, George BP, Abrahamse H. The Therapeutic Efficacy of Punica granatum and Its Bioactive Constituents with Special Reference to Photodynamic Therapy. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:2820. [PMID: 36365273 PMCID: PMC9654801 DOI: 10.3390/plants11212820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Punica granatum (P. granatum) is a fruit-bearing tree from the Punicaceae family, indigenous to Iran. This plant has healing qualities that have drawn the interest of the medical community as an alternative treatment for malignancies and non-malignancies. Its healing quality is due to the phytochemicals present in the plant. These include ellagic acid, punicic acid, phenols, and flavonoids. In traditional medicine, P. granatum has been used in treating diseases such as dysentery, bleeding disorders, leprosy, and burns. This review explores the effects of the phytochemical constituents of P. granatum on photodynamic therapy for cancer, chronic inflammation, osteoarthritis, and viral infections. Its antioxidant and antitumor effects play a role in reduced free radical damage and cancer cell proliferation. It was concluded that P. granatum has been used for many disease conditions for a better therapeutic outcome. This paper will give visibility to more studies and expand the knowledge on the potential use of P. granatum in photodynamic cancer treatment.
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Malik S, Kaur K, Prasad S, Jha NK, Kumar V. A perspective review on medicinal plant resources for their antimutagenic potentials. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:62014-62029. [PMID: 34431051 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16057-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Mutagens present in the environment manifest toxic effects and are considered as serious threat for human health and healthcare. Recent reports reveal that medicinal plant resources are being explored for identifying potent antimutagenic as well as cancer preventing agents. There is mounting evidence that cancer and other mutation-related diseases can be prevented with the use of medicinal pant resources including crude extracts, active fractions, phytochemicals, and pure phytomolecules. These medicinal plant resources possessing antimutagenic potentials have been shown to target molecular mechanisms underlying the mutagenic impacts. Technological advents and high-throughput screening/activity methods have revolutionized this field, though several potent plants and their active principles have been reported as effective antimutagens. The translational success rate needs to be improved, but the trends are encouraging. In this review, we present the current understandings and updates on various mutagens in the environment, toxicities related/attributed to them, the resultant mutations (and cancer), and how medicinal plants come to the rescue. A perspective review has been presented on whether and how medicinal plant resources can be an effective approach for addressing mutagens in the environment. An account of medicinal plant resources used as antimutagenic agents has been given along with the underlying mechanism of action and their therapeutic potential in various models of cancer. Recent success stories, current challenges, and future prospects are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumira Malik
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Jharkhand, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Kawaljeet Kaur
- Department of Biotechnology, Modern College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411016, India
| | - Shilpa Prasad
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Jharkhand, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201310, India
| | - Vinay Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Modern College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411016, India.
- Department of Environmental Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007, India.
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Genoprotection and metabolic benefits of marine macroalgae - Insights into the concept of functional foods through direct and indirect consumption. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Vahapoglu B, Erskine E, Gultekin Subasi B, Capanoglu E. Recent Studies on Berry Bioactives and Their Health-Promoting Roles. Molecules 2021; 27:108. [PMID: 35011338 PMCID: PMC8747047 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Along with the increased knowledge about the positive health effects of food bioactives, the eating habits of many individuals have changed to obtain higher nutritional benefits from foods. Fruits are among the most preferred food materials in this regard. In particular, berry fruits are important sources in the diet in terms of their high nutritional content including vitamins, minerals, and phenolic compounds. Berry fruits have remedial effects on several diseases and these health-promoting impacts are associated with their phenolic compounds which may vary depending on the type and variety of the fruit coupled with other factors including climate, agricultural conditions, etc. Most of the berries have outstanding beneficial roles in many body systems of humans such as gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, immune, and nervous systems. Furthermore, they are effective on some metabolic disorders and several types of cancer. In this review, the health-promoting effects of bioactive compounds in berry fruits are presented and the most recent in vivo, in vitro, and clinical studies are discussed from a food science and nutrition point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beyza Vahapoglu
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Istanbul 34469, Turkey; (B.V.); (E.E.); (B.G.S.)
| | - Ezgi Erskine
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Istanbul 34469, Turkey; (B.V.); (E.E.); (B.G.S.)
| | - Busra Gultekin Subasi
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Istanbul 34469, Turkey; (B.V.); (E.E.); (B.G.S.)
- Hafik Kamer Ornek Vocational School, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas 58140, Turkey
| | - Esra Capanoglu
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Istanbul 34469, Turkey; (B.V.); (E.E.); (B.G.S.)
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Vargas-Mendoza N, García-Machorro J, Angeles-Valencia M, Martínez-Archundia M, Madrigal-Santillán EO, Morales-González Á, Anguiano-Robledo L, Morales-González JA. Liver disorders in COVID-19, nutritional approaches and the use of phytochemicals. World J Gastroenterol 2021; 27:5630-5665. [PMID: 34629792 PMCID: PMC8473593 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i34.5630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), has affected millions of people globally. It was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization in March 2020. The hyperinflammatory response to the entry of SARS-CoV-2 into the host through angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is the result of a "cytokine storm" and the high oxidative stress responsible for the associated symptomatology. Not only respiratory symptoms are reported, but gastrointestinal symptoms (diarrhea, vomiting, and nausea) and liver abnormalities (high levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase transaminases, and bilirubin) are observed in at least 30% of patients. Reduced food intake and a delay in medical services may lead to malnutrition, which increases mortality and poor outcomes. This review provides some strategies to identify malnutrition and establishes nutritional approaches for the management of COVID-19 and liver injury, taking energy and nutrient requirements and their impact on the immune response into account. The roles of certain phytochemicals in the prevention of the disease or as promising target drugs in the treatment of this disease are also considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Vargas-Mendoza
- Laboratorio de Medicina de Conservacion, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México 11340, Mexico
| | - Jazmín García-Machorro
- Laboratorio de Medicina de Conservacion, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México 11340, Mexico
| | | | - Marlet Martínez-Archundia
- Laboratorio de Diseño y Desarrollo de Nuevos Fármacos e Innovación Biotécnológica, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México 11340, Mexico
| | | | | | | | - José A Morales-González
- Laboratorio Medicina de Conservación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México 11340, Mexico
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Gonçalves S, Gaivão I. Natural Ingredients Common in the Trás-os-Montes Region (Portugal) for Use in the Cosmetic Industry: A Review about Chemical Composition and Antigenotoxic Properties. Molecules 2021; 26:5255. [PMID: 34500687 PMCID: PMC8433906 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26175255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The natural cosmetics market has grown since consumers became aware of the concept of natural-based ingredients. A significant number of cosmetics have an ecological impact on the environment and carry noxious and chemically potent substances. Thus, the use of natural and organic cosmetics becomes increasingly important since it is clear that topical treatment with cosmeceuticals can help improve skin rejuvenation. A substantial investigation into the benefits that fruits and plants can bring to health is required. Studies have shown that antigenotoxic properties are linked to anti-aging properties. Several studies have shown potential antigenotoxicity in natural ingredients such as Almonds (Prunus dulcis), Elderberry (Sambucus nigra), Olives (Olea europaea), and Grapes (Vitis vinifera). This review presents an overview of research conducted on these natural ingredients, the most common in the Northeast of Portugal. This region of Portugal possesses the most organic farmers, and ingredients are easily obtained. The Northeast of Portugal also has climatic, topographic, and pedological differences that contribute to agricultural diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Isabel Gaivão
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology and CECAV, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
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14
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Eremina NV, Zhanataev AK, Durnev AD. Induced Cell Death as a Possible Pathway of Antimutagenic Action. Bull Exp Biol Med 2021; 171:1-14. [PMID: 34050413 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-021-05161-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The existing concepts of antimutagenesis are briefly reviewed. Published reports on antimutagenic and proapoptotic properties of some polyphenols and compounds of other chemical groups obtained in representative in vitro and in vivo experiments on eukaryotic test systems are discussed. The relationships between the antimutagenic and proapoptotic properties of the analyzed compounds (naringin, apigenin, resveratrol, curcumin, N-acetylcysteine, etc.) are considered in favor of the hypothesis on induced cell death as an antimutagenic tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- N V Eremina
- V. V. Zakusov Research Institute of Pharmacology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - A K Zhanataev
- V. V. Zakusov Research Institute of Pharmacology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - A D Durnev
- V. V. Zakusov Research Institute of Pharmacology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
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15
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Cvetković S, Nastasijević B, Mitić-Ćulafić D, Đukanović S, Tenji D, Knežević-Vukčević J, Nikolić B. New insight into the antigenotoxic activity of Gentiana lutea extracts – Protective effect against food borne mutagens. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2020; 858-860:503251. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2020.503251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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16
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Yellow-colored extract from cashew byproduct – Nonclinical safety assessment. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2020; 115:104699. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2020.104699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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17
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Matsumoto T, Watanabe T. Isolation and structure elucidation of constituents of Citrus limon, Isodon japonicus, and Lansium domesticum as the cancer prevention agents. Genes Environ 2020; 42:17. [PMID: 32322316 PMCID: PMC7164196 DOI: 10.1186/s41021-020-00156-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
In the course of our research to investigate the cancer prevention potency of natural products derived from plant materials, we isolated fifty-five compounds, including twenty-one new compounds from the peels of Citrus limon, aerial parts of Isodon japonicus, and leaves of Lansium domesticum. The chemical structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated by chemical/physicochemical evidence, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and mass spectrometry results. Moreover, the absolute stereochemistry of the new compounds were elucidated by various techniques such as chemical synthesis, modified Mosher’s method, Cu-Kα X-ray crystallographic analysis, and comparison of experimental and predicted electronic circular dichroism data. The antimutagenic effects of the isolated and structure-elucidated compounds against heterocyclic amines, 3-amino-1,4-dimethyl-5H-pyrido [4,3-b]indole (Trp-P-1) and 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP), were evaluated by the Ames test and in vivo micronucleus test. In this review, we present the comprehensive results of the antimutagenic effects of the isolated natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Matsumoto
- Department of Public Health, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Misasagi, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto, 607-8412 Japan
| | - Tetsushi Watanabe
- Department of Public Health, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Misasagi, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto, 607-8412 Japan
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Tuenter E, Creylman J, Verheyen G, Pieters L, Van Miert S. Development of a classification model for the antigenotoxic activity of flavonoids. Bioorg Chem 2020; 98:103705. [PMID: 32171992 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Genotoxic agents are capable of causing damage to genetic material and the cumulative DNA damage causes mutations, involved in the development of various pathological conditions, including cancer. Antigenotoxic agents possess the potential to counteract these detrimental cellular modifications and may aid in preventing, delaying, or decreasing the severity of these pathological conditions. An important class of natural products for which promising antigenotoxic activities have already been shown, are the flavonoids. In this research, we investigated the quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) of flavonoids and their antigenotoxic activity against benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) and its mutagenic metabolite B[a]P-7,8-diol-9,10-epoxide-2. Random Forest classification models were developed, which could be useful as a preliminary in silico evaluation tool, before performing in vitro or in vivo experiments. The descriptors G2S and R8s. were the most significant for predicting the antigenotoxic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmy Tuenter
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Jan Creylman
- RADIUS Group, Thomas More University of Applied Sciences, Geel, Belgium
| | - Geert Verheyen
- RADIUS Group, Thomas More University of Applied Sciences, Geel, Belgium
| | - Luc Pieters
- Natural Products & Food Research and Analysis (NatuRA), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sabine Van Miert
- RADIUS Group, Thomas More University of Applied Sciences, Geel, Belgium
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Madrigal-Santillán E, Madrigal-Bujaidar E, Reyes-Arellano A, Morales-González JA, Álvarez-González I, Sánchez-Gutiérrez M, Izquierdo-Vega JA, Calzada-Mendoza CC, Anguiano-Robledo L, Morales-González Á. Supramolecular complex formation, a possible antigenotoxic mechanism of glucomannan against aflatoxin B1. TOXICOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/02772248.2020.1715410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Madrigal-Santillán
- Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Casco de Santo Tomas, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Eduardo Madrigal-Bujaidar
- Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Profesional A. López Mateos, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Alicia Reyes-Arellano
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Casco de Santo Tomas, Ciudad de México, México
| | | | - Isela Álvarez-González
- Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Profesional A. López Mateos, Ciudad de México, México
| | | | | | - Claudia C. Calzada-Mendoza
- Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Casco de Santo Tomas, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Liliana Anguiano-Robledo
- Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Casco de Santo Tomas, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Ángel Morales-González
- Escuela Superior de Cómputo, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Profesional A. López Mateos, Ciudad de México, México
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Inami K, Asada Y, Harada T, Okayama Y, Usui N, Mochizuki M. Antimutagenic components in Spatholobus suberectus Dunn against N-methyl- N-nitrosourea. Genes Environ 2019; 41:22. [PMID: 31890055 PMCID: PMC6907206 DOI: 10.1186/s41021-019-0137-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An extract from Spatholobus suberectus (S. suberectus) Dunn has been reported to show potent antimutagenic effects against N-alkyl-N-nitrosoureas in umu screening. The aim of this study was to identify the antimutagenic components from extracts of S. suberectus against N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) in the Ames assay with Salmonella typhimurium strain TA1535 and to elucidate the antimutagenic mechanism of the flavonoids. RESULTS From the ethyl acetate fraction obtained from fractionation of the methanol extract of S. suberectus Dunn, medicarpin, formononetin and isoliquiritigenin were successfully isolated through a combination of normal- and reversed-phase chromatography. Genistein and naringenin, which were already reported to be contained in S. suberectus Dunn, were also tested for their antimutagenicity towards MNU, along with formononetin, isoliquiritigenin and medicarpin. Our results demonstrated that genistein, isoliquiritigenin, medicarpin and naringenin were antimutagenic against MNU without showing cytotoxicity. MNU is reported to cause not only DNA alkylation but also induce reactive oxygen species. The hydroxyl radical scavenging capacity of the flavonoids was correlated with the antimutagenic capacity, indicating that the hydroxyl radical scavenging activity was involved in their antimutagenicity towards MNU. CONCLUSIONS It is important to prevent DNA damage by N-nitrosamines for cancer chemoprevention. Genistein, isoliquiritigenin, medicarpin and naringenin were demonstrated to possess an antigenotoxic effects against carcinogenic MNU due to their radical scavenging activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Inami
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sanyo-onoda City University, Daigakudo-ri 1-1-1, Sanyo-onoda-shi, Yamaguchi, 756-0884 Japan
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Noda-shi, Chiba, 278-8510 Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Asada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Noda-shi, Chiba, 278-8510 Japan
| | - Takumi Harada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Noda-shi, Chiba, 278-8510 Japan
| | - Yuta Okayama
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sanyo-onoda City University, Daigakudo-ri 1-1-1, Sanyo-onoda-shi, Yamaguchi, 756-0884 Japan
| | - Noriko Usui
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sanyo-onoda City University, Daigakudo-ri 1-1-1, Sanyo-onoda-shi, Yamaguchi, 756-0884 Japan
| | - Masataka Mochizuki
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sanyo-onoda City University, Daigakudo-ri 1-1-1, Sanyo-onoda-shi, Yamaguchi, 756-0884 Japan
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Noda-shi, Chiba, 278-8510 Japan
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Erikel E, Yuzbasioglu D, Unal F. In vitro genotoxic and antigenotoxic effects of cynarin. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 237:171-181. [PMID: 30890359 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cynarin is an artichoke phytochemical that possesses a variety of pharmacological features including free-radical scavenging and antioxidant activity. The origin of artichoke species appears to be Mediterranean region. Two of these species, globe artichoke (Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus L.) and cardoon (Cynara cardunculus var. altilis DC), are widely cultivated and consumed. This vegetable, as the basis of the mediterranean diet, has been used as herbal medicine for its therapeutic effects since ancient times. Therefore, this study was performed to determine genotoxic and antigenotoxic effects of cynarin against MMC (mitomycin C) and H2O2 (hydrogen peroxide) induced genomic instability using chromosome aberrations (CAs), sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs), micronucleus (MN), and comet assays in human lymphocytes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Lymphocytes obtained from two healthy volunteers (1 male and 1 female) were exposed to different concentrations of cynarin (12-194 μM) alone and the combination of cynarin and MMC (0.60 μM) or cynarin and H2O2 (100 μM, only for comet assay). RESULTS Cynarin alone did not induce significant genotoxic effect in the CA, SCE (except 194 μM), MN, and comet assays. The combination of some concentrations of cynarin and MMC decreased the frequency of CAs, SCEs and MN induced by MMC. Furthermore, the combination of cynarin and H2O2 reduced all comet parameters at all the concentrations compared to H2O2 alone. While the highest concentrations of cynarin significantly decreased mitotic index (MI), the combination of cynarin and MMC increased the reduction of MI induced by MMC alone. CONCLUSION All the results obtained in this study demonstrated that cynarin exhibited antigenotoxic effects rather than genotoxic effects. It is believed that cynarin can act as a potential chemo-preventive against genotoxic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esra Erikel
- Genetic Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Gazi University, 06500, Teknikokullar, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Deniz Yuzbasioglu
- Genetic Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Gazi University, 06500, Teknikokullar, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Fatma Unal
- Genetic Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Gazi University, 06500, Teknikokullar, Ankara, Turkey.
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Safonova EA, Lopatina KA, Vychuzhanina AV, Mashanova VA, Razina TG, Borovskaya TG, Zueva EP, Gur’ev AM, Belousov MV. Protective Effect of Polysaccharides from Tussilago farfara L. on Bone Marrow Cells and Small Intestinal Epithelium Under Conditions of Polychemotherapy Evaluated by DNA Comet Assay. Bull Exp Biol Med 2018; 166:217-221. [DOI: 10.1007/s10517-018-4317-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Anjum V, Arora P, Ansari SH, Najmi AK, Ahmad S. Antithrombocytopenic and immunomodulatory potential of metabolically characterized aqueous extract of Carica papaya leaves. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2017; 55:2043-2056. [PMID: 28836477 PMCID: PMC6130488 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2017.1346690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Revised: 06/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Carica papaya Linn. (Caricaceae) leaf (CPL) juice has long been traditionally used in ethnomedicine for dengue fever. OBJECTIVE The study examines the effects of standardized CPL aqueous extract (SCPLE) on platelet count, extramedullary haematopoiesis (EMH), and immunomodulation in cyclophosphamide (CP)-induced animal model of thrombocytopenia. MATERIALS AND METHODS The extract was analyzed for myricetin, caffeic acid, trans-ferulic acid, and kaempferol using HPTLC for standardization followed by UPLC-qTOF/MS fingerprinting for metabolite signature. The effects of SCPLE (50 and 150 mg/kg p.o.) on proliferative response of platelet count and total leucocyte count (TLC) were observed up to 14 days in Wistar rat. However, delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH), haemagglutination titre (HT), and in vivo carbon clearance were examined as immunomodulatory parameters in albino mice at 150 mg/kg p.o. against CP. RESULTS The quantitative HPTLC estimation of SCPLE showed the presence of myricetin, caffeic acid, trans-ferulic acid, and kaempferol up to 280.16 ± 5.99, 370.18 ± 6.27, 1110.86 ± 2.97, and 160.53 ± 2.48 (μg/g), respectively. Twenty-four metabolites were identified using UPLC-qTOF/MS. Oral administration of SCPLE (150 mg/kg) in thrombocytopenic rats exhibited significant (p < 0.01) increase in thrombocytes (1014.83 × 103 cells/mm3), DTH response (0.16 ± 0.004), and phagocytic index (63.15% increase) as compared to CP-induced thrombocytopenia group. Histopathological studies showed minimal fibrosis in spleen histology. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Results suggest CPL can mediate the release of platelets providing the means for the treatment and prevention of dengue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varisha Anjum
- Department of Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
| | - Poonam Arora
- Department of Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
| | - Shahid Husain Ansari
- Department of Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
| | - Abul Kalam Najmi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
| | - Sayeed Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
- CONTACT Sayeed Ahmad Department of Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
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Fortin O, Aguilar-Uscanga B, Vu KD, Salmieri S, Lacroix M. Cancer Chemopreventive, Antiproliferative, and Superoxide Anion Scavenging Properties ofKluyveromyces marxianusandSaccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardiiCell Wall Components. Nutr Cancer 2017; 70:83-96. [DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2018.1380204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Fortin
- INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, Research Laboratories in Sciences Applied to Food, Institute of Nutraceutical and Functional Foods, INRS, Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Blanca Aguilar-Uscanga
- Department of Pharmacobiology, Laboratorio de Microbiología Industrial, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara (UdG), Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Khanh Dang Vu
- INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, Research Laboratories in Sciences Applied to Food, Institute of Nutraceutical and Functional Foods, INRS, Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Stephane Salmieri
- INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, Research Laboratories in Sciences Applied to Food, Institute of Nutraceutical and Functional Foods, INRS, Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Monique Lacroix
- INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, Research Laboratories in Sciences Applied to Food, Institute of Nutraceutical and Functional Foods, INRS, Laval, Québec, Canada
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