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Kokori E, Olatunji G, Ogieuhi IJ, Aboje JE, Olatunji D, Aremu SA, Igwe SC, Moradeyo A, Ajayi YI, Aderinto N. Teplizumab's immunomodulatory effects on pancreatic β-cell function in type 1 diabetes mellitus. Clin Diabetes Endocrinol 2024; 10:23. [PMID: 39123252 PMCID: PMC11316332 DOI: 10.1186/s40842-024-00181-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This review explores the immunomodulatory potential of Teplizumab and its impact on pancreatic β-cell function in T1D. Characterized by the autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing beta cells, T1D's management involves maintaining glycemic control through exogenous insulin. Teplizumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody targeting the CD3 antigen, has shown promise in delaying T1D onset and preserving residual β-cell function. The review employs a narrative approach, synthesizing evidence from diverse clinical trials and studies gathered through a meticulous literature search. It scrutinizes Teplizumab's mechanisms of action, including its influence on autoreactive CD8 + T cells and regulatory T cells, offering insights into its immunological pathways. The synthesis of findings from various trials demonstrates Teplizumab's efficacy in preserving C-peptide levels and reducing exogenous insulin requirements, particularly in recent-onset T1D. Considering Teplizumab's real-world implications, the paper addresses potential obstacles, including side effects, patient selection criteria, and logistical challenges. It also emphasizes exploring combination therapies and personalized treatment strategies to maximize Teplizumab's benefits. The review contributes a nuanced perspective on Teplizumab's clinical implications and future directions in T1D management, bridging theoretical understanding with practical considerations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Kokori
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Gbolahan Olatunji
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | | | - John Ehi Aboje
- Department of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Benue State University, Benue, Nigeria
| | - Doyin Olatunji
- Department of Health Sciences, Western Illinois University, Macomb, USA
| | | | | | - Abdulrahmon Moradeyo
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
| | - Yusuf Ismaila Ajayi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ife, Nigeria
| | - Nicholas Aderinto
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria.
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Kato H, Salgado M, Mendez D, Gonzalez N, Rawson J, Ligot D, Balandran B, Orr C, Quijano JC, Omori K, Qi M, Al-Abdullah IH, Mullen Y, Ku HT, Kandeel F, Komatsu H. Biological hypoxia in pre-transplant human pancreatic islets induces transplant failure in diabetic mice. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12402. [PMID: 38811610 PMCID: PMC11137081 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61604-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Evaluating the quality of isolated human islets before transplantation is crucial for predicting the success in treating Type 1 diabetes. The current gold standard involves time-intensive in vivo transplantation into diabetic immunodeficient mice. Given the susceptibility of isolated islets to hypoxia, we hypothesized that hypoxia present in islets before transplantation could indicate compromised islet quality, potentially leading to unfavorable outcomes. To test this hypothesis, we analyzed expression of 39 hypoxia-related genes in human islets from 85 deceased donors. We correlated gene expression profiles with transplantation outcomes in 327 diabetic mice, each receiving 1200 islet equivalents grafted into the kidney capsule. Transplantation outcome was post-transplant glycemic control based on area under the curve of blood glucose over 4 weeks. In linear regression analysis, DDIT4 (R = 0.4971, P < 0.0001), SLC2A8 (R = 0.3531, P = 0.0009) and HK1 (R = 0.3444, P = 0.0012) had the highest correlation with transplantation outcome. A multiple regression model of 11 genes increased the correlation (R = 0.6117, P < 0.0001). We conclude that assessing pre-transplant hypoxia in human islets via gene expression analysis is a rapid, viable alternative to conventional in vivo assessments. This approach also underscores the importance of mitigating pre-transplant hypoxia in isolated islets to improve the success rate of islet transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Kato
- Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes AND Metabolism Research Institute of City of Hope, 1500 E. Duarte Rd., Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Ave., San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Mayra Salgado
- Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes AND Metabolism Research Institute of City of Hope, 1500 E. Duarte Rd., Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Daniel Mendez
- Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes AND Metabolism Research Institute of City of Hope, 1500 E. Duarte Rd., Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Nelson Gonzalez
- Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes AND Metabolism Research Institute of City of Hope, 1500 E. Duarte Rd., Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Jeffrey Rawson
- Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes AND Metabolism Research Institute of City of Hope, 1500 E. Duarte Rd., Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Doreen Ligot
- Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes AND Metabolism Research Institute of City of Hope, 1500 E. Duarte Rd., Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Bennie Balandran
- Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes AND Metabolism Research Institute of City of Hope, 1500 E. Duarte Rd., Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Chris Orr
- Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes AND Metabolism Research Institute of City of Hope, 1500 E. Duarte Rd., Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Janine C Quijano
- Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes AND Metabolism Research Institute of City of Hope, 1500 E. Duarte Rd., Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Keiko Omori
- Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes AND Metabolism Research Institute of City of Hope, 1500 E. Duarte Rd., Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Meirigeng Qi
- Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes AND Metabolism Research Institute of City of Hope, 1500 E. Duarte Rd., Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Ismail H Al-Abdullah
- Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes AND Metabolism Research Institute of City of Hope, 1500 E. Duarte Rd., Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Yoko Mullen
- Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes AND Metabolism Research Institute of City of Hope, 1500 E. Duarte Rd., Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Hsun Teresa Ku
- Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes AND Metabolism Research Institute of City of Hope, 1500 E. Duarte Rd., Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Fouad Kandeel
- Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes AND Metabolism Research Institute of City of Hope, 1500 E. Duarte Rd., Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Hirotake Komatsu
- Department of Translational Research and Cellular Therapeutics, Arthur Riggs Diabetes AND Metabolism Research Institute of City of Hope, 1500 E. Duarte Rd., Duarte, CA, 91010, USA.
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Ave., San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA.
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Campbell JM, Walters SN, Habibalahi A, Mahbub SB, Anwer AG, Handley S, Grey ST, Goldys EM. Pancreatic Islet Viability Assessment Using Hyperspectral Imaging of Autofluorescence. Cells 2023; 12:2302. [PMID: 37759524 PMCID: PMC10527874 DOI: 10.3390/cells12182302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Islets prepared for transplantation into type 1 diabetes patients are exposed to compromising intrinsic and extrinsic factors that contribute to early graft failure, necessitating repeated islet infusions for clinical insulin independence. A lack of reliable pre-transplant measures to determine islet viability severely limits the success of islet transplantation and will limit future beta cell replacement strategies. We applied hyperspectral fluorescent microscopy to determine whether we could non-invasively detect islet damage induced by oxidative stress, hypoxia, cytokine injury, and warm ischaemia, and so predict transplant outcomes in a mouse model. In assessing islet spectral signals for NAD(P)H, flavins, collagen-I, and cytochrome-C in intact islets, we distinguished islets compromised by oxidative stress (ROS) (AUC = 1.00), hypoxia (AUC = 0.69), cytokine exposure (AUC = 0.94), and warm ischaemia (AUC = 0.94) compared to islets harvested from pristine anaesthetised heart-beating mouse donors. Significantly, with unsupervised assessment we defined an autofluorescent score for ischaemic islets that accurately predicted the restoration of glucose control in diabetic recipients following transplantation. Similar results were obtained for islet single cell suspensions, suggesting translational utility in the context of emerging beta cell replacement strategies. These data show that the pre-transplant hyperspectral imaging of islet autofluorescence has promise for predicting islet viability and transplant success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jared M. Campbell
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2033, Australia; (A.H.); (S.B.M.); (A.G.A.); (S.H.); (E.M.G.)
| | - Stacey N. Walters
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Faculty of Medicine, St Vincent’s Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; (S.N.W.); (S.T.G.)
| | - Abbas Habibalahi
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2033, Australia; (A.H.); (S.B.M.); (A.G.A.); (S.H.); (E.M.G.)
| | - Saabah B. Mahbub
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2033, Australia; (A.H.); (S.B.M.); (A.G.A.); (S.H.); (E.M.G.)
| | - Ayad G. Anwer
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2033, Australia; (A.H.); (S.B.M.); (A.G.A.); (S.H.); (E.M.G.)
| | - Shannon Handley
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2033, Australia; (A.H.); (S.B.M.); (A.G.A.); (S.H.); (E.M.G.)
| | - Shane T. Grey
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Faculty of Medicine, St Vincent’s Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; (S.N.W.); (S.T.G.)
| | - Ewa M. Goldys
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2033, Australia; (A.H.); (S.B.M.); (A.G.A.); (S.H.); (E.M.G.)
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Accolla RP, Liang JP, Lansberry TR, Miravet IL, Loaisiga M, Sardi BL, Stabler CL. Engineering Modular, Oxygen-Generating Microbeads for the In Situ Mitigation of Cellular Hypoxia. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2300239. [PMID: 36971050 PMCID: PMC10522802 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202300239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Insufficient oxygenation is a key obstacle in the design of clinically scalable tissue-engineered grafts. In this work, an oxygen-generating composite material, termed OxySite, is created through the encapsulation of calcium peroxide (CaO2 ) within polydimethylsiloxane and formulated into microbeads for ease in tissue integration. Key material parameters of reactant loading, porogen addition, microbead size, and an outer rate-limiting layer are modulated to characterize oxygen generation kinetics and their suitability for cellular applications. In silico models are developed to predict the local impact of different OxySite microbead formulations on oxygen availability within an idealized cellular implant. Promising OxySite microbead variants are subsequently coencapsulated with murine β-cells within macroencapsulation devices, resulting in improved cellular metabolic activity and function under hypoxic conditions when compared to controls. Additionally, the coinjection of optimized OxySite microbeads with murine pancreatic islets within a confined transplant site demonstrates ease of integration and improved primary cell function. These works highlight the broad translatability delivered by this new oxygen-generating biomaterial format, whereby the modularity of the material provides customization of the oxygen source to the specific needs of the cellular implant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert P. Accolla
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Jia-Pu Liang
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Taylor R. Lansberry
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Irayme Labrada Miravet
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Marlon Loaisiga
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Baltasar Lopez Sardi
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Cherie L. Stabler
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- University of Florida Diabetes Institute, Gainesville, FL, USA
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5
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Kale A, Rogers NM. No Time to Die-How Islets Meet Their Demise in Transplantation. Cells 2023; 12:cells12050796. [PMID: 36899932 PMCID: PMC10000424 DOI: 10.3390/cells12050796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Islet transplantation represents an effective treatment for patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and severe hypoglycaemia unawareness, capable of circumventing impaired counterregulatory pathways that no longer provide protection against low blood glucose levels. The additional beneficial effect of normalizing metabolic glycaemic control is the minimisation of further complications related to T1DM and insulin administration. However, patients require allogeneic islets from up to three donors, and the long-term insulin independence is inferior to that achieved with solid organ (whole pancreas) transplantation. This is likely due to the fragility of islets caused by the isolation process, innate immune responses following portal infusion, auto- and allo-immune-mediated destruction and β-cell exhaustion following transplantation. This review covers the specific challenges related to islet vulnerability and dysfunction that affect long-term cell survival following transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atharva Kale
- Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Natasha M. Rogers
- Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Renal and Transplant Unit, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
- Correspondence:
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Cell Replacement Therapy for Type 1 Diabetes Patients: Potential Mechanisms Leading to Stem-Cell-Derived Pancreatic β-Cell Loss upon Transplant. Cells 2023; 12:cells12050698. [PMID: 36899834 PMCID: PMC10000642 DOI: 10.3390/cells12050698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell replacement therapy using stem-cell-derived insulin-producing β-like cells (sBCs) has been proposed as a practical cure for patients with type one diabetes (T1D). sBCs can correct diabetes in preclinical animal models, demonstrating the promise of this stem cell-based approach. However, in vivo studies have demonstrated that most sBCs, similarly to cadaveric human islets, are lost upon transplantation due to ischemia and other unknown mechanisms. Hence, there is a critical knowledge gap in the current field concerning the fate of sBCs upon engraftment. Here we review, discuss effects, and propose additional potential mechanisms that could contribute toward β-cell loss in vivo. We summarize and highlight some of the literature on phenotypic loss in β-cells under both steady, stressed, and diseased diabetic conditions. Specifically, we focus on β-cell death, dedifferentiation into progenitors, trans-differentiation into other hormone-expressing cells, and/or interconversion into less functional β-cell subtypes as potential mechanisms. While current cell replacement therapy efforts employing sBCs carry great promise as an abundant cell source, addressing the somewhat neglected aspect of β-cell loss in vivo will further accelerate sBC transplantation as a promising therapeutic modality that could significantly enhance the life quality of T1D patients.
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Brandhorst D, Brandhorst H, Acreman S, Johnson PRV. The ischaemic preconditioning paradox and its implications for islet isolation from heart-beating and non heart-beating donors. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19321. [PMID: 36369239 PMCID: PMC9652462 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23862-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The impact of ischaemia can severely damage procured donor organs for transplantation. The pancreas, and pancreatic islets in particular, is one of the most sensitive tissues towards hypoxia. The present study was aimed to assess the effect of hypoxic preconditioning (HP) performed ex-vivo in islets isolated from heart-beating donor (HBD) and non heart-beating donor (NHBD) rats. After HP purified islets were cultured for 24 h in hypoxia followed by islet characterisation. Post-culture islet yields were significantly lower in sham-treated NHBD than in HBD. This difference was reduced when NHBD islets were preconditioned. Similar results were observed regarding viability, apoptosis and in vitro function. Reactive oxygen species generation after hypoxic culture was significantly enhanced in sham-treated NHBD than in HBD islets. Again, this difference could be diminished through HP. qRT-PCR revealed that HP decreases pro-apoptotic genes but increases HIF-1 and VEGF. However, the extent of reduction and augmentation was always substantially higher in preconditioned NHBD than in HBD islets. Our findings indicate a lower benefit of HBD islets from HP than NHBD islets. The ischaemic preconditioning paradox suggests that HP should be primarily applied to islets from marginal donors. This observation needs evaluation in human islets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Brandhorst
- Research Group for Islet Transplantation, Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK.
| | - Heide Brandhorst
- Research Group for Islet Transplantation, Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Samuel Acreman
- Research Group for Islet Transplantation, Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Paul R V Johnson
- Research Group for Islet Transplantation, Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
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Cornell D, Miwa S, Georgiou M, Anderson SJ, Honkanen-Scott M, Shaw JAM, Arden C. Pseudoislet Aggregation of Pancreatic β-Cells Improves Glucose Stimulated Insulin Secretion by Altering Glucose Metabolism and Increasing ATP Production. Cells 2022; 11:cells11152330. [PMID: 35954174 PMCID: PMC9367366 DOI: 10.3390/cells11152330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Appropriate glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) by pancreatic β-cells is an essential component of blood glucose homeostasis. Configuration of β-cells as 3D pseudoislets (PI) improves the GSIS response compared to 2D monolayer (ML) culture. The aim of this study was to determine the underlying mechanisms. MIN6 β-cells were grown as ML or PI for 5 days. Human islets were isolated from patients without diabetes. Function was assessed by GSIS and metabolic capacity using the Seahorse bioanalyser. Connexin 36 was downregulated using inducible shRNA. Culturing MIN6 as PI improved GSIS. MIN6 PI showed higher glucose-stimulated oxygen consumption (OCR) and extracellular acidification (ECAR) rates. Further analysis showed the higher ECAR was, at least in part, a consequence of increased glycolysis. Intact human islets also showed glucose-stimulated increases in both OCR and ECAR rates, although the latter was smaller in magnitude compared to MIN6 PI. The higher rates of glucose-stimulated ATP production in MIN6 PI were consistent with increased enzyme activity of key glycolytic and TCA cycle enzymes. There was no impact of connexin 36 knockdown on GSIS or ATP production. Configuration of β-cells as PI improves GSIS by increasing the metabolic capacity of the cells, allowing higher ATP production in response to glucose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Cornell
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK; (D.C.); (S.M.); (M.G.)
| | - Satomi Miwa
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK; (D.C.); (S.M.); (M.G.)
| | - Merilin Georgiou
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK; (D.C.); (S.M.); (M.G.)
| | - Scott James Anderson
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK; (S.J.A.); (M.H.-S.); (J.A.M.S.)
| | - Minna Honkanen-Scott
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK; (S.J.A.); (M.H.-S.); (J.A.M.S.)
| | - James A. M. Shaw
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK; (S.J.A.); (M.H.-S.); (J.A.M.S.)
| | - Catherine Arden
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK; (D.C.); (S.M.); (M.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-191-2088798
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Wong WKM, Thorat V, Joglekar MV, Dong CX, Lee H, Chew YV, Bhave A, Hawthorne WJ, Engin F, Pant A, Dalgaard LT, Bapat S, Hardikar AA. Analysis of Half a Billion Datapoints Across Ten Machine-Learning Algorithms Identifies Key Elements Associated With Insulin Transcription in Human Pancreatic Islet Cells. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:853863. [PMID: 35399953 PMCID: PMC8986156 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.853863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Machine learning (ML)-workflows enable unprejudiced/robust evaluation of complex datasets. Here, we analyzed over 490,000,000 data points to compare 10 different ML-workflows in a large (N=11,652) training dataset of human pancreatic single-cell (sc-)transcriptomes to identify genes associated with the presence or absence of insulin transcript(s). Prediction accuracy/sensitivity of each ML-workflow was tested in a separate validation dataset (N=2,913). Ensemble ML-workflows, in particular Random Forest ML-algorithm delivered high predictive power (AUC=0.83) and sensitivity (0.98), compared to other algorithms. The transcripts identified through these analyses also demonstrated significant correlation with insulin in bulk RNA-seq data from human islets. The top-10 features, (including IAPP, ADCYAP1, LDHA and SST) common to the three Ensemble ML-workflows were significantly dysregulated in scRNA-seq datasets from Ire-1αβ-/- mice that demonstrate dedifferentiation of pancreatic β-cells in a model of type 1 diabetes (T1D) and in pancreatic single cells from individuals with type 2 Diabetes (T2D). Our findings provide direct comparison of ML-workflows in big data analyses, identify key elements associated with insulin transcription and provide workflows for future analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilson K. M. Wong
- Diabetes and Islet Biology Group, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia
| | - Vinod Thorat
- Healthcare Analytics, AlgoAnalytics, Pune, India
| | - Mugdha V. Joglekar
- Diabetes and Islet Biology Group, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia
| | - Charlotte X. Dong
- Diabetes and Islet Biology Group, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia
| | - Hugo Lee
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Yi Vee Chew
- Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Adwait Bhave
- Healthcare Analytics, AlgoAnalytics, Pune, India
| | - Wayne J. Hawthorne
- Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Feyza Engin
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | | | - Louise T. Dalgaard
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Sharda Bapat
- Healthcare Analytics, AlgoAnalytics, Pune, India
| | - Anandwardhan A. Hardikar
- Diabetes and Islet Biology Group, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark
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Elksnis A, Schiffer TA, Palm F, Wang Y, Cen J, Turpaev K, Ngamjariyawat A, Younis S, Huang S, Shen Y, Leng Y, Bergsten P, Karlsborn T, Welsh N, Wang X. Imatinib protects against human beta-cell death via inhibition of mitochondrial respiration and activation of AMPK. Clin Sci (Lond) 2021; 135:2243-2263. [PMID: 34569605 DOI: 10.1042/cs20210604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib is used in the treatment of various malignancies but may also promote beneficial effects in the treatment of diabetes. The aim of the present investigation was to characterize the mechanisms by which imatinib protects insulin producing cells. Treatment of non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice with imatinib resulted in increased beta-cell AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation. Imatinib activated AMPK also in vitro, resulting in decreased ribosomal protein S6 phosphorylation and protection against islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP)-aggregation, thioredoxin interacting protein (TXNIP) up-regulation and beta-cell death. 5-Aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide (AICAR) mimicked and compound C counteracted the effect of imatinib on beta-cell survival. Imatinib-induced AMPK activation was preceded by reduced glucose/pyruvate-dependent respiration, increased glycolysis rates, and a lowered ATP/AMP ratio. Imatinib augmented the fractional oxidation of fatty acids/malate, possibly via a direct interaction with the beta-oxidation enzyme enoyl coenzyme A hydratase, short chain, 1, mitochondrial (ECHS1). In non-beta cells, imatinib reduced respiratory chain complex I and II-mediated respiration and acyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) phosphorylation, suggesting that mitochondrial effects of imatinib are not beta-cell specific. In conclusion, tyrosine kinase inhibitors modestly inhibit mitochondrial respiration, leading to AMPK activation and TXNIP down-regulation, which in turn protects against beta-cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andris Elksnis
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Box 571, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Tomas A Schiffer
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Box 571, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Palm
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Box 571, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Yun Wang
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Box 571, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jing Cen
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Box 571, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kyril Turpaev
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Box 571, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
- Center for Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anongnad Ngamjariyawat
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Box 571, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Shady Younis
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, U.S.A
| | - Suling Huang
- State key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Shen
- State key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Leng
- State key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Peter Bergsten
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Box 571, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Tony Karlsborn
- Swedish Metabolomics Centre, KBC Byggnaden, Plan 3, Linnaeus väg 6, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Nils Welsh
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Box 571, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Xuan Wang
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Box 571, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
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11
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Krentz NAJ, Shea LD, Huising MO, Shaw JAM. Restoring normal islet mass and function in type 1 diabetes through regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2021; 9:708-724. [PMID: 34480875 PMCID: PMC10881068 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-8587(21)00170-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes is characterised by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β-cell mass. With the advent of insulin therapy a century ago, type 1 diabetes changed from a progressive, fatal disease to one that requires lifelong complex self-management. Replacing the lost β-cell mass through transplantation has proven successful, but limited donor supply and need for lifelong immunosuppression restricts widespread use. In this Review, we highlight incremental advances over the past 20 years and remaining challenges in regenerative medicine approaches to restoring β-cell mass and function in type 1 diabetes. We begin by summarising the role of endocrine islets in glucose homoeostasis and how this is altered in disease. We then discuss the potential regenerative capacity of the remaining islet cells and the utility of stem cell-derived β-like cells to restore β-cell function. We conclude with tissue engineering approaches that might improve the engraftment, function, and survival of β-cell replacement therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole A J Krentz
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Lonnie D Shea
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, and Surgery, College of Engineering and School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Mark O Huising
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, College of Biological Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - James A M Shaw
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; Institute of Transplantation, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
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12
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Nasteska D, Cuozzo F, Viloria K, Johnson EM, Thakker A, Bany Bakar R, Westbrook RL, Barlow JP, Hoang M, Joseph JW, Lavery GG, Akerman I, Cantley J, Hodson L, Tennant DA, Hodson DJ. Prolyl-4-hydroxylase 3 maintains β cell glucose metabolism during fatty acid excess in mice. JCI Insight 2021; 6:e140288. [PMID: 34264866 PMCID: PMC8409982 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.140288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The α-ketoglutarate–dependent dioxygenase, prolyl-4-hydroxylase 3 (PHD3), is an HIF target that uses molecular oxygen to hydroxylate peptidyl prolyl residues. Although PHD3 has been reported to influence cancer cell metabolism and liver insulin sensitivity, relatively little is known about the effects of this highly conserved enzyme in insulin-secreting β cells in vivo. Here, we show that the deletion of PHD3 specifically in β cells (βPHD3KO) was associated with impaired glucose homeostasis in mice fed a high-fat diet. In the early stages of dietary fat excess, βPHD3KO islets energetically rewired, leading to defects in the management of pyruvate fate and a shift from glycolysis to increased fatty acid oxidation (FAO). However, under more prolonged metabolic stress, this switch to preferential FAO in βPHD3KO islets was associated with impaired glucose-stimulated ATP/ADP rises, Ca2+ fluxes, and insulin secretion. Thus, PHD3 might be a pivotal component of the β cell glucose metabolism machinery in mice by suppressing the use of fatty acids as a primary fuel source during the early phases of metabolic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Nasteska
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Federica Cuozzo
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Katrina Viloria
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Elspeth M Johnson
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Alpesh Thakker
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Rula Bany Bakar
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca L Westbrook
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan P Barlow
- Mitochondrial Profiling Centre, School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Monica Hoang
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, Kitchener, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jamie W Joseph
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, Kitchener, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gareth G Lavery
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Ildem Akerman
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - James Cantley
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Division of Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Leanne Hodson
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel A Tennant
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - David J Hodson
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Centre of Membrane Proteins and Receptors (COMPARE), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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13
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Kietzmann T, Mäkelä VH. The hypoxia response and nutritional peptides. Peptides 2021; 138:170507. [PMID: 33577839 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2021.170507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia controls metabolism at several levels, e.g., via mitochondrial ATP production, glucose uptake and glycolysis. Hence it is likely that hypoxia also affects the action and/or production of many peptide hormones linked to food intake and appetite control. Many of those are produced in the gastrointestinal tract, endocrine pancreas, adipose tissue, and selective areas in the brain which modulate and concert their actions. However, the complexity of the hypoxia response and the links to peptides/hormones involved in food intake and appetite control in the different organs are not well known. This review summarizes the role of the hypoxia response and its effects on major peptides linked to appetite regulation, nutrition and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Kietzmann
- University of Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Ville H Mäkelä
- University of Oulu, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Biocenter Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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14
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Hubber EL, Rackham CL, Jones PM. Protecting islet functional viability using mesenchymal stromal cells. Stem Cells Transl Med 2021; 10:674-680. [PMID: 33544449 PMCID: PMC8046085 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.20-0466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Islet transplantation is an emerging treatment for type 1 diabetes which offers the prospect of physiological control of blood glucose and reductions in acute hypoglycaemic episodes. However, current protocols are limited by a rapid decline in islet functional viability during the isolation process, culture period, and post-transplantation. Much of this can be attributed to the deleterious effects of hypoxic and cytokine stressors on β cells. One experimental strategy to improve the functional viability of islets is coculture or cotransplantation with mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). Numerous studies have shown that MSCs have the capacity to improve islet survival and insulin secretory function, and the mechanisms of these effects are becoming increasingly well understood. In this review, we will focus on recent studies demonstrating the capacity for MSCs to protect islets from hypoxia- and cytokine-induced stress. Islets exposed to acute hypoxia (1%-2% O2 ) or to inflammatory cytokines (including IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-B) in vitro undergo apoptosis and a rapid decline in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Coculture of islets with MSCs, or with MSC-conditioned medium, protects from these deleterious effects, primarily with secreted factors. These protective effects are distinct from the immunomodulatory and structural support MSCs provide when cotransplanted with islets. Recent studies suggest that MSCs may support secretory function by the physical transfer of functional mitochondria, particularly to metabolically compromised β cells. Understanding how MSCs respond to stressed islets will facilitate the development of MSC secretome based, cell-free approaches to supporting islet graft function during transplantation by protecting or repairing β cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ella L Hubber
- Department of Diabetes, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Chloe L Rackham
- Exeter Centre for Excellence in Diabetes (EXCEED), Institute of Biomedical & Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - Peter M Jones
- Department of Diabetes, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
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15
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Chung WY, Pollard CA, Kumar R, Drogemuller CJ, Naziruddin B, Stover C, Issa E, Isherwood J, Cooke J, Levy MF, Coates PTH, Garcea G, Dennison AR. A comparison of the inflammatory response following autologous compared with allogenic islet cell transplantation. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:98. [PMID: 33569400 PMCID: PMC7867892 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-3519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background The initial response to islet transplantation and the subsequent acute inflammation is responsible for significant attrition of islets following both autologous and allogenic procedures. This multicentre study compares this inflammatory response using cytokine profiles and complement activation. Methods Inflammatory cytokine and complement pathway activity were examined in two cohorts of patients undergoing total pancreatectomy followed either by autologous (n=11) or allogenic (n=6) islet transplantation. Two patients who underwent total pancreatectomy alone (n=2) served as controls. Results The peak of cytokine production occurred immediately following induction of anaesthesia and during surgery. There was found to be a greater elevation of the following cytokines: TNF-alpha (P<0.01), MCP-1 (P=0.0013), MIP-1α (P=0.001), MIP-1β (P=0.00020), IP-10 (P=0.001), IL-8 (P=0.004), IL-1α (P=0.001), IL-1ra (0.0018), IL-10 (P=0.001), GM-CSF (P=0.001), G-CSF (P=0.0198), and Eotaxin (P=0.01) in the allogenic group compared to autografts and controls. Complement activation and consumption was observed in all three pathways, and there were no significant differences in between the groups although following allogenic transplantation ∆IL-10 and ∆VEGF levels were significantly elevated those patients who became insulin-independent compared with those who were insulin-dependent. Conclusions The cytokine profiles following islet transplantation suggests a significantly greater acute inflammatory response following allogenic islet transplantation compared with auto-transplantation although a significant, non-specific inflammatory response occurs following both forms of islet transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Yuan Chung
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Cristina A Pollard
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Rohan Kumar
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | | | | | - Cordula Stover
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Eyad Issa
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - John Isherwood
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Jill Cooke
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Marlon F Levy
- Baylor Research Institute, Dallas & Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - P Toby H Coates
- Australian Islet Consortium, Royal Adelaide Hospital, South Australia, Australia
| | - Giuseppe Garcea
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Ashley R Dennison
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK
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16
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Rackham CL, Hubber EL, Czajka A, Malik AN, King AJF, Jones PM. Optimizing beta cell function through mesenchymal stromal cell-mediated mitochondria transfer. Stem Cells 2020; 38:574-584. [PMID: 31912945 PMCID: PMC7187381 DOI: 10.1002/stem.3134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Pretransplant islet culture is associated with the loss of islet cell mass and insulin secretory function. Insulin secretion from islet β‐cells is primarily controlled by mitochondrial ATP generation in response to elevations in extracellular glucose. Coculture of islets with mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) improves islet insulin secretory function in vitro, which correlates with superior islet graft function in vivo. This study aimed to determine whether the improved islet function is associated with mitochondrial transfer from MSCs to cocultured islets. We have demonstrated mitochondrial transfer from human adipose MSCs to human islet β‐cells in coculture. Fluorescence imaging showed that mitochondrial transfer occurs, at least partially, through tunneling nanotube (TNT)‐like structures. The extent of mitochondrial transfer to clinically relevant human islets was greater than that to experimental mouse islets. Human islets are subjected to more extreme cellular stressors than mouse islets, which may induce “danger signals” for MSCs, initiating the donation of MSC‐derived mitochondria to human islet β‐cells. Our observations of increased MSC‐mediated mitochondria transfer to hypoxia‐exposed mouse islets are consistent with this and suggest that MSCs are most effective in supporting the secretory function of compromised β‐cells. Ensuring optimal MSC‐derived mitochondria transfer in preculture and/or cotransplantation strategies could be used to maximize the therapeutic efficacy of MSCs, thus enabling the more widespread application of clinical islet transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe L Rackham
- Department of Diabetes, School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Ella L Hubber
- Department of Diabetes, School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Anna Czajka
- Department of Diabetes, School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Afshan N Malik
- Department of Diabetes, School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Aileen J F King
- Department of Diabetes, School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Peter M Jones
- Department of Diabetes, School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
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17
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Zammit NW, Walters SN, Seeberger KL, O'Connell PJ, Korbutt GS, Grey ST. A20 as an immune tolerance factor can determine islet transplant outcomes. JCI Insight 2019; 4:131028. [PMID: 31581152 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.131028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Islet transplantation can restore lost glycemic control in type 1 diabetes subjects but is restricted in its clinical application by a limiting supply of islets and the need for heavy immune suppression to prevent rejection. TNFAIP3, encoding the ubiquitin editing enzyme A20, regulates the activation of immune cells by raising NF-κB signaling thresholds. Here, we show that increasing A20 expression in allogeneic islet grafts resulted in permanent survival for ~45% of recipients, and > 80% survival when combined with subtherapeutic rapamycin. Allograft survival was dependent upon Tregs and was antigen specific, and grafts showed reduced expression of inflammatory factors. Transplantation of islets with A20 containing a loss-of-function variant (I325N) resulted in increased RIPK1 ubiquitination and NF-κB signaling, graft hyperinflammation, and acute allograft rejection. Overexpression of A20 in human islets potently reduced expression of inflammatory mediators, with no impact on glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Therapeutic administration of A20 raises inflammatory signaling thresholds to favor immune tolerance and promotes islet allogeneic survival. Clinically, this would allow for reduced immunosuppression and support the use of alternate islet sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan W Zammit
- Immunology Department, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Stacey N Walters
- Immunology Department, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Karen L Seeberger
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Philip J O'Connell
- Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney at Westmead Hospital, NSW Australia
| | - Gregory S Korbutt
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Shane T Grey
- Immunology Department, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
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18
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Pancreatic islet cell transplantation is currently the only curative cell therapy for type 1 diabetes mellitus. However, its potential to treat many more patients is limited by several challenges. The emergence of 3D bioprinting technology from recent advances in 3D printing, biomaterials, and cell biology has provided the means to overcome these challenges. RECENT FINDINGS 3D bioprinting allows for the precise fabrication of complex 3D architectures containing spatially distributed cells, biomaterials (bioink), and bioactive factors. Different strategies to capitalize on this ability have been investigated for the 3D bioprinting of pancreatic islets. In particular, with co-axial bioprinting technology, the co-printability of islets with supporting cells such as endothelial progenitor cells and regulatory T cells, which have been shown to accelerate revascularization of islets and improve the outcome of various transplantations, respectively, has been achieved. 3D bioprinting of islets for generation of an artificial pancreas is a newly emerging field of study with a vast potential to improve islet transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juewan Kim
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia
| | - Kyungwon Kang
- Discipline of Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
| | - Christopher J Drogemuller
- Discipline of Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
- Central Northern Adelaide Renal and Transplantation Service (CNARTS), The Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
| | - Gordon G Wallace
- Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterial Science, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, 2522, Australia
| | - P Toby Coates
- Discipline of Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia.
- Central Northern Adelaide Renal and Transplantation Service (CNARTS), The Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia.
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19
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Navigating Two Roads to Glucose Normalization in Diabetes: Automated Insulin Delivery Devices and Cell Therapy. Cell Metab 2019; 29:545-563. [PMID: 30840911 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2019.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Incredible strides have been made since the discovery of insulin almost 100 years ago. Insulin formulations have improved dramatically, glucose levels can be measured continuously, and recently first-generation biomechanical "artificial pancreas" systems have been approved by regulators around the globe. However, still only a small fraction of patients with diabetes achieve glycemic goals. Replacement of insulin-producing cells via transplantation shows significant promise, but is limited in application due to supply constraints (cadaver-based) and the need for chronic immunosuppression. Over the past decade, significant progress has been made to address these barriers to widespread implementation of a cell therapy. Can glucose levels in people with diabetes be normalized with artificial pancreas systems or via cell replacement approaches? Here we review the road ahead, including the challenges and opportunities of both approaches.
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20
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Mouré A, Bacou E, Bosch S, Jegou D, Salama A, Riochet D, Gauthier O, Blancho G, Soulillou J, Poncelet D, Olmos E, Bach J, Mosser M. Extracellular hemoglobin combined with an O
2
‐generating material overcomes O
2
limitation in the bioartificial pancreas. Biotechnol Bioeng 2019; 116:1176-1189. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.26913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Mouré
- Immuno-Endocrinology Unit (IECM), Oniris, INRA, Université Bretagne LoireNantes France
| | - Elodie Bacou
- Immuno-Endocrinology Unit (IECM), Oniris, INRA, Université Bretagne LoireNantes France
| | - Steffi Bosch
- Immuno-Endocrinology Unit (IECM), Oniris, INRA, Université Bretagne LoireNantes France
| | - Dominique Jegou
- Immuno-Endocrinology Unit (IECM), Oniris, INRA, Université Bretagne LoireNantes France
| | - Apolline Salama
- Immuno-Endocrinology Unit (IECM), Oniris, INRA, Université Bretagne LoireNantes France
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR 1064INSERM, Université de NantesNantes France
| | - David Riochet
- Service de Pédiatrie des Maladies ChroniquesCHU de NantesNantes France
| | | | - Gilles Blancho
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR 1064INSERM, Université de NantesNantes France
- Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU NantesNantes France
| | - Jean‐Paul Soulillou
- Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR 1064INSERM, Université de NantesNantes France
- Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU NantesNantes France
| | - Denis Poncelet
- Department of Process Engineering for Environment and Food Laboratory (GEPEA)UMR CNRS 6144, OnirisNantes France
| | - Eric Olmos
- Laboratoire Réactions et Génie des Procédés (LRGP)Université de Lorraine, CNRSNancy France
| | - Jean‐Marie Bach
- Immuno-Endocrinology Unit (IECM), Oniris, INRA, Université Bretagne LoireNantes France
| | - Mathilde Mosser
- Immuno-Endocrinology Unit (IECM), Oniris, INRA, Université Bretagne LoireNantes France
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Oxygenation strategies for encapsulated islet and beta cell transplants. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2019; 139:139-156. [PMID: 31077781 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2019.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Human allogeneic islet transplantation (ITx) is emerging as a promising treatment option for qualified patients with type 1 diabetes. However, widespread clinical application of allogeneic ITx is hindered by two critical barriers: the need for systemic immunosuppression and the limited supply of human islet tissue. Biocompatible, retrievable immunoisolation devices containing glucose-responsive insulin-secreting tissue may address both critical barriers by enabling the more effective and efficient use of allogeneic islets without immunosuppression in the near-term, and ultimately the use of a cell source with a virtually unlimited supply, such as human stem cell-derived β-cells or xenogeneic (porcine) islets with minimal or no immunosuppression. However, even though encapsulation methods have been developed and immunoprotection has been successfully tested in small and large animal models and to a limited extent in proof-of-concept clinical studies, the effective use of encapsulation approaches to convincingly and consistently treat diabetes in humans has yet to be demonstrated. There is increasing consensus that inadequate oxygen supply is a major factor limiting their clinical translation and routine implementation. Poor oxygenation negatively affects cell viability and β-cell function, and the problem is exacerbated with the high-density seeding required for reasonably-sized clinical encapsulation devices. Approaches for enhanced oxygen delivery to encapsulated tissues in implantable devices are therefore being actively developed and tested. This review summarizes fundamental aspects of islet microarchitecture and β-cell physiology as well as encapsulation approaches highlighting the need for adequate oxygenation; it also evaluates existing and emerging approaches for enhanced oxygen delivery to encapsulation devices, particularly with the advent of β-cell sources from stem cells that may enable the large-scale application of this approach.
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22
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Kelly AC, Smith KE, Purvis WG, Min CG, Weber CS, Cooksey AM, Hasilo C, Paraskevas S, Suszynski TM, Weegman BP, Anderson MJ, Camacho LE, Harland RC, Loudovaris T, Jandova J, Molano DS, Price ND, Georgiev IG, Scott WE, Manas D, Shaw J, O’Gorman D, Kin T, McCarthy FM, Szot GL, Posselt AM, Stock PG, Karatzas T, Shapiro WJ, Lynch RM, Limesand SW, Papas KK. Oxygen Perfusion (Persufflation) of Human Pancreata Enhances Insulin Secretion and Attenuates Islet Proinflammatory Signaling. Transplantation 2019; 103:160-167. [PMID: 30095738 PMCID: PMC6371803 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000002400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND All human islets used in research and for the clinical treatment of diabetes are subject to ischemic damage during pancreas procurement, preservation, and islet isolation. A major factor influencing islet function is exposure of pancreata to cold ischemia during unavoidable windows of preservation by static cold storage (SCS). Improved preservation methods may prevent this functional deterioration. In the present study, we investigated whether pancreas preservation by gaseous oxygen perfusion (persufflation) better preserved islet function versus SCS. METHODS Human pancreata were preserved by SCS or by persufflation in combination with SCS. Islets were subsequently isolated, and preparations in each group matched for SCS or total preservation time were compared using dynamic glucose-stimulated insulin secretion as a measure of β-cell function and RNA sequencing to elucidate transcriptomic changes. RESULTS Persufflated pancreata had reduced SCS time, which resulted in islets with higher glucose-stimulated insulin secretion compared to islets from SCS only pancreata. RNA sequencing of islets from persufflated pancreata identified reduced inflammatory and greater metabolic gene expression, consistent with expectations of reducing cold ischemic exposure. Portions of these transcriptional responses were not associated with time spent in SCS and were attributable to pancreatic reoxygenation. Furthermore, persufflation extended the total preservation time by 50% without any detectable decline in islet function or viability. CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate that pancreas preservation by persufflation rather than SCS before islet isolation reduces inflammatory responses and promotes metabolic pathways in human islets, which results in improved β cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy C. Kelly
- School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson AZ
| | - Kate E. Smith
- Physiological Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson AZ
| | - William G. Purvis
- Department of Surgery, Institute for Cellular Transplantation, University of Arizona, Tucson AZ
| | | | - Craig S. Weber
- Physiological Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson AZ
| | - Amanda M. Cooksey
- School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson AZ
| | - Craig Hasilo
- Human Islet Transplant Laboratory, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, CA
| | - Steven Paraskevas
- Human Islet Transplant Laboratory, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, CA
| | - Thomas M. Suszynski
- Department of Surgery, Institute for Cellular Transplantation, University of Arizona, Tucson AZ
| | - Bradley P. Weegman
- Department of Surgery, Institute for Cellular Transplantation, University of Arizona, Tucson AZ
| | - Miranda J. Anderson
- School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson AZ
| | - Leticia E. Camacho
- School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson AZ
| | - Robert C. Harland
- Department of Surgery, Institute for Cellular Transplantation, University of Arizona, Tucson AZ
| | - Tom Loudovaris
- Department of Surgery, Institute for Cellular Transplantation, University of Arizona, Tucson AZ
| | - Jana Jandova
- Department of Surgery, Institute for Cellular Transplantation, University of Arizona, Tucson AZ
| | - Diana S. Molano
- Department of Surgery, Institute for Cellular Transplantation, University of Arizona, Tucson AZ
| | - Nicholas D. Price
- Department of Surgery, Institute for Cellular Transplantation, University of Arizona, Tucson AZ
| | - Ivan G. Georgiev
- Department of Surgery, Institute for Cellular Transplantation, University of Arizona, Tucson AZ
| | - William E. Scott
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Derek Manas
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - James Shaw
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Doug O’Gorman
- Clinical Islet Transplant Program, Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, CA
| | - Tatsuya Kin
- Clinical Islet Transplant Program, Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, CA
| | - Fiona M. McCarthy
- School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson AZ
| | - Gregory L. Szot
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Andrew M. Posselt
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Peter G. Stock
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | | | - William J. Shapiro
- Clinical Islet Transplant Program, Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, CA
| | | | - Sean W. Limesand
- School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson AZ
| | - Klearchos K. Papas
- Department of Surgery, Institute for Cellular Transplantation, University of Arizona, Tucson AZ
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Sokolova M, Sahraoui A, Høyem M, Øgaard J, Lien E, Aukrust P, Yndestad A, Ranheim T, Scholz H. NLRP3 inflammasome mediates oxidative stress-induced pancreatic islet dysfunction. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2018; 315:E912-E923. [PMID: 30016155 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00461.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Inflammasomes are multiprotein inflammatory platforms that induce caspase-1 activation and subsequently interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 processing. The NLRP3 inflammasome is activated by different forms of oxidative stress, and, based on the central role of IL-1β in the destruction of pancreatic islets, it could be related to the development of diabetes. We therefore investigated responses in wild-type C57Bl/6 (WT) mice, NLRP3-/- mice, and mice deficient in apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase-recruitment domain (ASC) after exposing islets to short-term hypoxia or alloxan-induced islet damage. NLRP3-deficient islets compared with WT islets had preserved function ex vivo and were protected against hypoxia-induced cell death. Furthermore, NLRP3 and ASC-deficient mice were protected against oxidative stress-induced diabetes caused by repetitive low-dose alloxan administration, and this was associated with reduced β-cell death and reduced macrophage infiltration. This suggests that the beneficial effect of NLRP3 inflammasome deficiency on oxidative stress-mediated β-cell damage could involve reduced macrophage infiltration and activation. To support the role of macrophage activation in alloxan-induced diabetes, we injected WT mice with liposomal clodronate, which causes macrophage depletion before induction of a diabetic phenotype by alloxan treatment, resulting in improved glucose homeostasis in WT mice. We show here that the NLRP3 inflammasome acts as a mediator of hypoxia and oxidative stress in insulin-producing cells, suggesting that inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome could have beneficial effects on β-cell preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Sokolova
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Inflammation Research Center, University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway
| | - Afaf Sahraoui
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway
- Institute for Surgical Research and Section for Transplantation Surgery, Oslo University Hospital , Oslo , Norway
| | - Merete Høyem
- Institute for Surgical Research and Section for Transplantation Surgery, Oslo University Hospital , Oslo , Norway
| | - Jonas Øgaard
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Norway
| | - Egil Lien
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Massachusetts Medical School , Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Pål Aukrust
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Inflammation Research Center, University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway
- Section of Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Oslo University Hospital , Oslo , Norway
| | - Arne Yndestad
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Inflammation Research Center, University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway
| | - Trine Ranheim
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Inflammation Research Center, University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway
| | - Hanne Scholz
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway
- Institute for Surgical Research and Section for Transplantation Surgery, Oslo University Hospital , Oslo , Norway
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Early TLR4 Blockade Attenuates Sterile Inflammation-mediated Stress in Islets During Isolation and Promotes Successful Transplant Outcomes. Transplantation 2018; 102:1505-1513. [DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000002287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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25
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Rojas-Canales DM, Waibel M, Forget A, Penko D, Nitschke J, Harding FJ, Delalat B, Blencowe A, Loudovaris T, Grey ST, Thomas HE, Kay TWH, Drogemuller CJ, Voelcker NH, Coates PT. Oxygen-permeable microwell device maintains islet mass and integrity during shipping. Endocr Connect 2018; 7:490-503. [PMID: 29483160 PMCID: PMC5861371 DOI: 10.1530/ec-17-0349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Islet transplantation is currently the only minimally invasive therapy available for patients with type 1 diabetes that can lead to insulin independence; however, it is limited to only a small number of patients. Although clinical procedures have improved in the isolation and culture of islets, a large number of islets are still lost in the pre-transplant period, limiting the success of this treatment. Moreover, current practice includes islets being prepared at specialized centers, which are sometimes remote to the transplant location. Thus, a critical point of intervention to maintain the quality and quantity of isolated islets is during transportation between isolation centers and the transplanting hospitals, during which 20-40% of functional islets can be lost. The current study investigated the use of an oxygen-permeable PDMS microwell device for long-distance transportation of isolated islets. We demonstrate that the microwell device protected islets from aggregation during transport, maintaining viability and average islet size during shipping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darling M Rojas-Canales
- The Centre for Clinical and Experimental Transplantation (CCET) The Royal Adelaide HospitalAdelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Cooperative Research Centre for Cell Therapy Manufacturing (CRC-CTM)Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Department of MedicineFaculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Michaela Waibel
- Cooperative Research Centre for Cell Therapy Manufacturing (CRC-CTM)Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- St Vincent's Institute of Medical ResearchFitzroy, Victoria, Australia
- The University of MelbourneDepartment of Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
| | - Aurelien Forget
- Science and Engineering FacultyQueensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Daniella Penko
- The Centre for Clinical and Experimental Transplantation (CCET) The Royal Adelaide HospitalAdelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Cooperative Research Centre for Cell Therapy Manufacturing (CRC-CTM)Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Department of MedicineFaculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Jodie Nitschke
- The Centre for Clinical and Experimental Transplantation (CCET) The Royal Adelaide HospitalAdelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Cooperative Research Centre for Cell Therapy Manufacturing (CRC-CTM)Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Department of MedicineFaculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Fran J Harding
- Cooperative Research Centre for Cell Therapy Manufacturing (CRC-CTM)Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Future Industries InstituteUniversity of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, South Australia, Australia
| | - Bahman Delalat
- Cooperative Research Centre for Cell Therapy Manufacturing (CRC-CTM)Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Future Industries InstituteUniversity of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, South Australia, Australia
| | - Anton Blencowe
- Cooperative Research Centre for Cell Therapy Manufacturing (CRC-CTM)Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Future Industries InstituteUniversity of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, South Australia, Australia
- School of Pharmacy and Medical SciencesUniversity of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Thomas Loudovaris
- Cooperative Research Centre for Cell Therapy Manufacturing (CRC-CTM)Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- St Vincent's Institute of Medical ResearchFitzroy, Victoria, Australia
| | - Shane T Grey
- The Centre for Clinical and Experimental Transplantation (CCET) The Royal Adelaide HospitalAdelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Transplantation Immunology GroupGarvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Helen E Thomas
- Cooperative Research Centre for Cell Therapy Manufacturing (CRC-CTM)Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- St Vincent's Institute of Medical ResearchFitzroy, Victoria, Australia
- The University of MelbourneDepartment of Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
| | - Thomas W H Kay
- Cooperative Research Centre for Cell Therapy Manufacturing (CRC-CTM)Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- St Vincent's Institute of Medical ResearchFitzroy, Victoria, Australia
- The University of MelbourneDepartment of Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
| | - Chris J Drogemuller
- The Centre for Clinical and Experimental Transplantation (CCET) The Royal Adelaide HospitalAdelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Cooperative Research Centre for Cell Therapy Manufacturing (CRC-CTM)Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Department of MedicineFaculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Nicolas H Voelcker
- Future Industries InstituteUniversity of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, South Australia, Australia
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical SciencesMonash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Patrick T Coates
- The Centre for Clinical and Experimental Transplantation (CCET) The Royal Adelaide HospitalAdelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Cooperative Research Centre for Cell Therapy Manufacturing (CRC-CTM)Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Department of MedicineFaculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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27
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Lee EM, Jung JI, Alam Z, Yi HG, Kim H, Choi JW, Hurh S, Kim YJ, Jeong JC, Yang J, Oh KH, Kim HC, Lee BC, Choi I, Cho DW, Ahn C. Effect of an oxygen-generating scaffold on the viability and insulin secretion function of porcine neonatal pancreatic cell clusters. Xenotransplantation 2018; 25:e12378. [DOI: 10.1111/xen.12378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Revised: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eun Mi Lee
- Graduate School of Translational Medicine; Seoul National University College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
- Center for Medical Innovation; Biomedical Research Institute; Seoul National University Hospital; Seoul Korea
| | - Ji-In Jung
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH); Pohang Gyeongsangbuk-do Korea
| | - Zahid Alam
- Center for Medical Innovation; Biomedical Research Institute; Seoul National University Hospital; Seoul Korea
| | - Hee-Gyeong Yi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH); Pohang Gyeongsangbuk-do Korea
| | - Heejin Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering; Graduate School; Seoul National University; Seoul Korea
| | - Jin Woo Choi
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering; Graduate School; Seoul National University; Seoul Korea
| | - Sunghoon Hurh
- Center for Medical Innovation; Biomedical Research Institute; Seoul National University Hospital; Seoul Korea
| | - Young June Kim
- Designed Animal & Transplantation Research Institute; Institute of Green Bio Science & Technology; Seoul National University; Pyeongchang Gangwon-do Korea
| | - Jong Cheol Jeong
- Department of Nephrology; Ajou University School of Medicine; Suwon Gyeonggi-do Korea
| | - Jaeseok Yang
- Transplantation Center; Seoul National University Hospital; Seoul Korea
- Department of Surgery; Seoul National University Hospital; Seoul Korea
| | - Kook-Hwan Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine; Seoul National University College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - Hee Chan Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; Seoul National University College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
| | - Byeong Chun Lee
- Designed Animal & Transplantation Research Institute; Institute of Green Bio Science & Technology; Seoul National University; Pyeongchang Gangwon-do Korea
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology; College of Veterinary Medicine; Seoul National University; Seoul Korea
| | - Inho Choi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering; College of Life and Health Sciences; Hoseo University; Asan Chungcheongnam-do Korea
| | - Dong-Woo Cho
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH); Pohang Gyeongsangbuk-do Korea
| | - Curie Ahn
- Designed Animal & Transplantation Research Institute; Institute of Green Bio Science & Technology; Seoul National University; Pyeongchang Gangwon-do Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine; Seoul National University College of Medicine; Seoul Korea
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Smith KE, Kelly AC, Min CG, Weber CS, McCarthy FM, Steyn LV, Badarinarayana V, Stanton JB, Kitzmann JP, Strop P, Gruessner AC, Lynch RM, Limesand SW, Papas KK. Acute Ischemia Induced by High-Density Culture Increases Cytokine Expression and Diminishes the Function and Viability of Highly Purified Human Islets of Langerhans. Transplantation 2017; 101:2705-2712. [PMID: 28263224 PMCID: PMC6319561 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000001714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Revised: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Encapsulation devices have the potential to enable cell-based insulin replacement therapies (such as human islet or stem cell-derived β cell transplantation) without immunosuppression. However, reasonably sized encapsulation devices promote ischemia due to high β cell densities creating prohibitively large diffusional distances for nutrients. It is hypothesized that even acute ischemic exposure will compromise the therapeutic potential of cell-based insulin replacement. In this study, the acute effects of high-density ischemia were investigated in human islets to develop a detailed profile of early ischemia induced changes and targets for intervention. METHODS Human islets were exposed in a pairwise model simulating high-density encapsulation to normoxic or ischemic culture for 12 hours, after which viability and function were measured. RNA sequencing was conducted to assess transcriptome-wide changes in gene expression. RESULTS Islet viability after acute ischemic exposure was reduced compared to normoxic culture conditions (P < 0.01). Insulin secretion was also diminished, with ischemic β cells losing their insulin secretory response to stimulatory glucose levels (P < 0.01). RNA sequencing revealed 657 differentially expressed genes following ischemia, with many that are associated with increased inflammatory and hypoxia-response signaling and decreased nutrient transport and metabolism. CONCLUSIONS In order for cell-based insulin replacement to be applied as a treatment for type 1 diabetes, oxygen and nutrient delivery to β cells will need to be maintained. We demonstrate that even brief ischemic exposure such as would be experienced in encapsulation devices damages islet viability and β cell function and leads to increased inflammatory signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate E. Smith
- Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
- Department of Physiological Sciences GIDP, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | - Amy C. Kelly
- School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | - Catherine G. Min
- Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
- Department of Physiological Sciences GIDP, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | - Craig S. Weber
- Department of Physiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | - Fiona M. McCarthy
- School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | - Leah V. Steyn
- Department of Surgery, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | | | | | | | - Peter Strop
- Sanofi-Aventis Group, Tucson, AZ
- Icagen, Inc., Tucson, AZ
| | | | | | - Sean W. Limesand
- School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
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Faleo G, Russ HA, Wisel S, Parent AV, Nguyen V, Nair GG, Freise JE, Villanueva KE, Szot GL, Hebrok M, Tang Q. Mitigating Ischemic Injury of Stem Cell-Derived Insulin-Producing Cells after Transplant. Stem Cell Reports 2017; 9:807-819. [PMID: 28803916 PMCID: PMC5599226 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2017.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The advent of large-scale in vitro differentiation of human stem cell-derived insulin-producing cells (SCIPC) has brought us closer to treating diabetes using stem cell technology. However, decades of experiences from islet transplantation show that ischemia-induced islet cell death after transplant severely limits the efficacy of the therapy. It is unclear to what extent human SCIPC are susceptible to ischemia. In this study, we show that more than half of SCIPC die shortly after transplantation. Nutrient deprivation and hypoxia acted synergistically to kill SCIPC in vitro. Amino acid supplementation rescued SCIPC from nutrient deprivation, likely by providing cellular energy. Generating SCIPC under physiological oxygen tension of 5% conferred hypoxia resistance without affecting their differentiation or function. A two-pronged strategy of physiological oxygen acclimatization during differentiation and amino acid supplementation during transplantation significantly improved SCIPC survival after transplant. Stem cell-derived insulin-producing cells (SCIPC) are susceptible to ischemic injury Amino acid supplementation prevents nutrient-deprivation-induced SCIPC death Generation of SCIPC at physiological oxygen levels protects them against hypoxia Both strategies combined preserve SCIPC graft viability in vivo upon transplant
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaetano Faleo
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Holger A Russ
- UCSF Diabetes Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Steven Wisel
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Audrey V Parent
- UCSF Diabetes Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Vinh Nguyen
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Gopika G Nair
- UCSF Diabetes Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Jonathan E Freise
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Karina E Villanueva
- UCSF Diabetes Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Gregory L Szot
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Matthias Hebrok
- UCSF Diabetes Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Qizhi Tang
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; UCSF Diabetes Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
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31
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Rojas-Canales D, Penko D, Myo Min KK, Parham KA, Peiris H, Haberberger RV, Pitson SM, Drogemuller C, Keating DJ, Grey ST, Coates PT, Bonder CS, Jessup CF. Local Sphingosine Kinase 1 Activity Improves Islet Transplantation. Diabetes 2017; 66:1301-1311. [PMID: 28174291 DOI: 10.2337/db16-0837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic islet transplantation is a promising clinical treatment for type 1 diabetes, but success is limited by extensive β-cell death in the immediate posttransplant period and impaired islet function in the longer term. Following transplantation, appropriate vascular remodeling is crucial to ensure the survival and function of engrafted islets. The sphingosine kinase (SK) pathway is an important regulator of vascular beds, but its role in the survival and function of transplanted islets is unknown. We observed that donor islets from mice deficient in SK1 (Sphk1 knockout) contain a reduced number of resident intraislet vascular endothelial cells. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the main product of SK1, sphingosine-1-phosphate, controls the migration of intraislet endothelial cells in vitro. We reveal in vivo that Sphk1 knockout islets have an impaired ability to cure diabetes compared with wild-type controls. Thus, SK1-deficient islets not only contain fewer resident vascular cells that participate in revascularization, but likely also a reduced ability to recruit new vessels into the transplanted islet. Together, our data suggest that SK1 is important for islet revascularization following transplantation and represents a novel clinical target for improving transplant outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darling Rojas-Canales
- Discipline of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
- Central Northern Adelaide Renal and Transplantation Services, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Daniella Penko
- Discipline of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
- Central Northern Adelaide Renal and Transplantation Services, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Kay K Myo Min
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Kate A Parham
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Heshan Peiris
- Department of Human Physiology, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Australia
- Centre for Neuroscience, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Australia
| | | | - Stuart M Pitson
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Chris Drogemuller
- Discipline of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
- Central Northern Adelaide Renal and Transplantation Services, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Damien J Keating
- Department of Human Physiology, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Australia
- Centre for Neuroscience, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Australia
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Shane T Grey
- Garvan Medical Institute, Darlinghurst, Australia
| | - Patrick T Coates
- Discipline of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
- Central Northern Adelaide Renal and Transplantation Services, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Claudine S Bonder
- Discipline of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Claire F Jessup
- Discipline of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
- Centre for Neuroscience, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Australia
- Department of Anatomy & Histology, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Australia
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Lecomte MJ, Pechberty S, Machado C, Da Barroca S, Ravassard P, Scharfmann R, Czernichow P, Duvillié B. Aggregation of Engineered Human β-Cells Into Pseudoislets: Insulin Secretion and Gene Expression Profile in Normoxic and Hypoxic Milieu. CELL MEDICINE 2016; 8:99-112. [PMID: 28003935 DOI: 10.3727/215517916x692843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Innovative treatments to cure type 1 diabetes are being actively researched. Among the different strategies, the replacement of β-cells has given promising results. Classically, islets from cadaveric donors are transplanted into diabetic patients, but recently phase I clinical trials that use stem cell-derived β-cells have been started. Such protocols require either an immunosuppressive treatment or the macroencapsulation of the β-cells. They involve cell aggregation and the exposure of the cells to hypoxia. Using an engineered human β-cell, we have addressed these two problems: a novel human β-cell line called EndoC-βH3 was cultured as single cells or aggregated clusters. EndoC-βH3 cells were also cultured at normal atmospheric oxygen tension (pO2 = 21%) or hypoxia (pO2 = 3%) in the presence or absence of modulators of the hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) pathway. Cell aggregation improved glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, demonstrating the benefit of cell-cell contacts. Low oxygen tension decreased β-cell viability and their sensitivity to glucose, but did not alter insulin production nor the insulin secretion capacity of the remaining cells. To investigate the role of HIF1α, we first used a HIF stabilizer at pO2 = 21%. This led to a mild decrease in cell viability, impaired glucose sensitivity, and altered insulin secretion. Finally, we used a HIF inhibitor on EndoC-βH3 pseudoislets exposed to hypoxia. Such treatment considerably decreased cell viability. In conclusion, aggregation of the EndoC-βH3 cells seems to be important to improve their function. A fraction of the EndoC-βH3 cells are resistant to hypoxia, depending on the level of activity of HIF1α. Thus, these cells represent a good human cell model for future investigations on islet cell transplantation analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-José Lecomte
- Univercell-Biosolutions, Centre de recherche des Cordeliers , Paris , France
| | - Séverine Pechberty
- Univercell-Biosolutions, Centre de recherche des Cordeliers , Paris , France
| | - Cécile Machado
- Univercell-Biosolutions, Centre de recherche des Cordeliers , Paris , France
| | - Sandra Da Barroca
- Univercell-Biosolutions, Centre de recherche des Cordeliers , Paris , France
| | - Philippe Ravassard
- † Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Inserm, CNRS, Institut du cerveau et de la moelle (ICM)-Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière , Paris , France
| | - Raphaël Scharfmann
- ‡INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France; §Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Paris, France
| | - Paul Czernichow
- Univercell-Biosolutions, Centre de recherche des Cordeliers , Paris , France
| | - Bertrand Duvillié
- ‡INSERM U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France; §Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Paris, France
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Brandhorst D, Brandhorst H, Mullooly N, Acreman S, Johnson PRV. High Seeding Density Induces Local Hypoxia and Triggers a Proinflammatory Response in Isolated Human Islets. Cell Transplant 2015; 25:1539-46. [PMID: 26628048 DOI: 10.3727/096368915x689929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is the main threat to morphological and functional integrity of isolated pancreatic islets. Lack of oxygen seems to be of particular importance for functionality of encapsulated islets. The present study was initiated as an experimental model for the environment experienced by human islets in a confined space present during culture, shipment, and in an implanted macrodevice. Quadruplicate aliquots of isolated human islets (n = 12) were cultured for 24 h at 37°C under normoxic conditions using 24-well plates equipped with 8-µm pore size filter inserts and filled with islet aliquots adjusted to obtain a seeding density of 75, 150, 300, or 600 IEQ/cm(2). After culture viability, glucose-stimulated insulin release, DNA content as well as Bax and Bcl-2 gene expression were measured. Culture supernatants were collected to determine production of VEGF and MCP-1. Viability correlated inversely with IEQ seeding density (r = -0.71, p < 0.001), while the correlation of VEGF and MCP-1 secretion with seeding density was positive (r = 0.78, p < 0.001; r = 0.54, p < 0.001). Decreased viability corresponded with a significant increase in the Bax/Bcl-2 mRNA ratio at 300 and 600 IEQ/cm(2) and with a sigificantly reduced glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and insulin content compared to 75 or 150 IEQ/cm(2) (p < 0.01). The present study demonstrates that the seeding density is inversely correlated with islet viability and in vitro function. This is associated with a significant increase in VEGF and MCP-1 release suggesting a hypoxic and proinflammatory islet microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Heide Brandhorst
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford, UK
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Malle EK, Zammit NW, Walters SN, Koay YC, Wu J, Tan BM, Villanueva JE, Brink R, Loudovaris T, Cantley J, McAlpine SR, Hesselson D, Grey ST. Nuclear factor κB-inducing kinase activation as a mechanism of pancreatic β cell failure in obesity. J Exp Med 2015; 212:1239-54. [PMID: 26122662 PMCID: PMC4516791 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20150218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) pathway is a master regulator of inflammatory processes and is implicated in insulin resistance and pancreatic β cell dysfunction in the metabolic syndrome. Whereas canonical NF-κB signaling is well studied, there is little information on the divergent noncanonical NF-κB pathway in the context of pancreatic islet dysfunction. Here, we demonstrate that pharmacological activation of the noncanonical NF-κB-inducing kinase (NIK) disrupts glucose homeostasis in zebrafish in vivo. We identify NIK as a critical negative regulator of β cell function, as pharmacological NIK activation results in impaired glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in mouse and human islets. NIK levels are elevated in pancreatic islets isolated from diet-induced obese (DIO) mice, which exhibit increased processing of noncanonical NF-κB components p100 to p52, and accumulation of RelB. TNF and receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL), two ligands associated with diabetes, induce NIK in islets. Mice with constitutive β cell-intrinsic NIK activation present impaired insulin secretion with DIO. NIK activation triggers the noncanonical NF-κB transcriptional network to induce genes identified in human type 2 diabetes genome-wide association studies linked to β cell failure. These studies reveal that NIK contributes a central mechanism for β cell failure in diet-induced obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth K Malle
- Transplantation Immunology Group, Immunology Division, Cancer Bioinformatics, Cancer Division, B Cell Biology, Immunology Division, and Beta Cell Regeneration, Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Nathan W Zammit
- Transplantation Immunology Group, Immunology Division, Cancer Bioinformatics, Cancer Division, B Cell Biology, Immunology Division, and Beta Cell Regeneration, Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Stacey N Walters
- Transplantation Immunology Group, Immunology Division, Cancer Bioinformatics, Cancer Division, B Cell Biology, Immunology Division, and Beta Cell Regeneration, Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Yen Chin Koay
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Jianmin Wu
- Transplantation Immunology Group, Immunology Division, Cancer Bioinformatics, Cancer Division, B Cell Biology, Immunology Division, and Beta Cell Regeneration, Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst NSW 2010, Australia St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Bernice M Tan
- Transplantation Immunology Group, Immunology Division, Cancer Bioinformatics, Cancer Division, B Cell Biology, Immunology Division, and Beta Cell Regeneration, Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Jeanette E Villanueva
- Transplantation Immunology Group, Immunology Division, Cancer Bioinformatics, Cancer Division, B Cell Biology, Immunology Division, and Beta Cell Regeneration, Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Robert Brink
- Transplantation Immunology Group, Immunology Division, Cancer Bioinformatics, Cancer Division, B Cell Biology, Immunology Division, and Beta Cell Regeneration, Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst NSW 2010, Australia St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Tom Loudovaris
- St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy VIC 3065, Australia
| | - James Cantley
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PT, England, UK
| | - Shelli R McAlpine
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Daniel Hesselson
- Transplantation Immunology Group, Immunology Division, Cancer Bioinformatics, Cancer Division, B Cell Biology, Immunology Division, and Beta Cell Regeneration, Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Shane T Grey
- Transplantation Immunology Group, Immunology Division, Cancer Bioinformatics, Cancer Division, B Cell Biology, Immunology Division, and Beta Cell Regeneration, Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst NSW 2010, Australia
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Cantley J, Ashcroft FM. Q&A: insulin secretion and type 2 diabetes: why do β-cells fail? BMC Biol 2015; 13:33. [PMID: 25982967 PMCID: PMC4435650 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-015-0140-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 04/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- James Cantley
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Genetics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PT, UK
| | - Frances M Ashcroft
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Genetics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PT, UK.
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Cantley J. The control of insulin secretion by adipokines: current evidence for adipocyte-beta cell endocrine signalling in metabolic homeostasis. Mamm Genome 2014; 25:442-54. [PMID: 25146550 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-014-9538-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic homeostasis is maintained by the coordinated action of multiple organ systems. Insulin secretion is often enhanced during obesity or insulin resistance to maintain glucose and lipid homeostasis, whereas a loss of insulin secretion is associated with type 2 diabetes. Adipocytes secrete hormones known as adipokines which act on multiple cell types to regulate metabolism. Many adipokines have been shown to influence beta cell function by enhancing or inhibiting insulin release or by influencing beta cell survival. Insulin, in turn, regulates lipolysis and promotes glucose uptake and lipid storage in adipocytes. As adipokine secretion and action is strongly influenced by obesity, this provides a potential route by which beta cell function is coordinated with adiposity, independently of alterations in blood glucose or lipid levels. In this review, I assess the evidence for the direct regulation of beta cell function by the adipokines leptin, adiponectin, extracellular nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase, apelin, resistin, retinol binding protein 4, fibroblast growth factor 21, nesfatin-1 and fatty acid binding protein 4. I summarise in vitro and in vivo data and discuss the influence of obesity and diabetes on circulating adipokine concentrations, along with the potential for influencing beta cell function in human physiology. Finally, I highlight future research questions that are likely to yield new insights into the exciting field of insulinotropic adipokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Cantley
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PT, UK,
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Abstract
Islet transplantation (IT) is a promising therapy for the treatment of diabetes. The large number of islets required to achieve insulin independence limit its cost-effectiveness and the number of patients who can be treated. It is believed that >50% of islets are lost in the immediate post-IT period. Poor oxygenation in the early post-IT period is recognized as a possible reason for islet loss and dysfunction but has not been extensively studied. Several key variables affect oxygenation in this setting, including (1) local oxygen partial pressure (pO(2)), (2) islet oxygen consumption, (3) islet size (diameter, D), and (4) presence or absence of thrombosis on the islet surface. We discuss implications of oxygen-limiting conditions on intraportal islet viability and function. Of the 4 key variables, the islet size appears to be the most important determinant of the anoxic and nonfunctional islet volume fractions. Similarly, the effect of thrombus formation on the islet surface may be substantial. At the University of Minnesota, average size distribution data from clinical alloislet preparations (n = 10) indicate that >150-µm D islets account for only ~30% of the total islet number, but >85% of the total islet volume. This suggests that improved oxygen supply to the islets may have a profound impact on islet survivability and function since most of the β-cell volume is within large islets which are most susceptible to oxygen-limiting conditions. The assumption that the liver is a suitable islet transplant site from the standpoint of oxygenation should be reconsidered.
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Pareta R, McQuilling JP, Sittadjody S, Jenkins R, Bowden S, Orlando G, Farney AC, Brey EM, Opara EC. Long-term function of islets encapsulated in a redesigned alginate microcapsule construct in omentum pouches of immune-competent diabetic rats. Pancreas 2014; 43:605-13. [PMID: 24681880 PMCID: PMC3981909 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0000000000000107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our study aim was to determine encapsulated islet graft viability in an omentum pouch and the effect of fibroblast growth factor 1 (FGF-1) released from our redesigned alginate microcapsules on the function of the graft. METHODS Isolated rat islets were encapsulated in an inner core made with 1.5% low-viscosity-high-mannuronic-acid alginate followed by an external layer made with 1.25% low-viscosity high-guluronic acid alginate with or without FGF-1, in microcapsules measuring 300 to 400 µm in diameter. The 2 alginate layers were separated by a perm-selective membrane made with 0.1% poly-L-ornithine, and the inner low-viscosity-high-mannuronic-acid core was partially chelated using 55 mM sodium citrate for 2 minutes. RESULTS A marginal mass of encapsulated islet allografts (∼2000 islets/kg) in streptozotocin-diabetic Lewis rats caused significant reduction in blood glucose levels similar to the effect observed with encapsulated islet isografts. Transplantation of alloislets coencapsulated with FGF-1 did not result in better glycemic control, but induced greater body weight maintenance in transplant recipients compared with those that received only alloislets. Histological examination of the retrieved tissue demonstrated morphologically and functionally intact islets in the microcapsules, with no signs of fibrosis. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that the omentum is a viable site for encapsulated islet transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Pareta
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - John P McQuilling
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Virginia Tech-Wake Forest University School of Biomedical Engineering & Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Sivanandane Sittadjody
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Randy Jenkins
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Stephen Bowden
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Giuseppe Orlando
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Department of Surgery, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Alan C Farney
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Department of Surgery, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Eric M Brey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA
- Research Service, Hines Veterans Administration Hospital, Hines, IL, USA
| | - Emmanuel C Opara
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Virginia Tech-Wake Forest University School of Biomedical Engineering & Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
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Ma Z, Moruzzi N, Catrina SB, Grill V, Björklund A. Hyperoxia inhibits glucose-induced insulin secretion and mitochondrial metabolism in rat pancreatic islets. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013; 443:223-8. [PMID: 24299957 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.11.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2013] [Accepted: 11/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Isolated pancreatic islets containing the insulin-producing beta cells are devoid of circulation. They may therefore experience hypoxia with possible negative effects on beta cell function and survival. We investigated (1) whether hyperoxia in vitro would be beneficial by counteracting putative effects of lost circulation and, further, (2) whether previous hyperoxia would attenuate the impact of subsequently induced severe hypoxia. Islets from Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to 95% O2 for 18 h. This hyperoxic exposure diminished glucose-induced insulin secretion by 47% and inhibited oxygen consumption by 39-41%. Mitochondrial complexes I-III were decreased by 29-37%. Negative effects on insulin secretion and complexes III and IV waned after a 22 h period of normoxia following hyperoxia whereas complexes I and II were still diminished, ROS production was increased and rates of apoptosis tended to be increased (P=0.07). The effects of previous hyperoxia on susceptibility to damage by subsequent hypoxia were tested after 5.5h of 0.8% O2. Previous hyperoxia did not affect hypoxia-induced enhancement of HIF-1 alpha but modestly and significantly attenuated hypoxia-induced decreases in insulin contents. We conclude that hyperoxia exerts largely negative effects on beta cells, effects which are functional and possibly also toxic. A paradoxical positive finding (attenuation of hypoxia-induced effects) could be secondary to a protective effect of the hyperoxia-induced reduction of oxidative metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuheng Ma
- Dept. of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Noah Moruzzi
- Dept. of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sergiu-Bogdan Catrina
- Dept. of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Valdemar Grill
- Dept. of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden; Institute of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, The Medical Faculty, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7006 Trondheim, Norway; Dept. of Endocrinology, St. Olav University Hospital, 7006 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Anneli Björklund
- Dept. of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden.
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