1
|
Kanata MC, Yanni AE, Koliaki C, Pateras I, Anastasiou IA, Kokkinos A, Karathanos VT. Effects of Wheat Biscuits Enriched with Plant Proteins Incorporated into an Energy-Restricted Dietary Plan on Postprandial Metabolic Responses of Women with Overweight/Obesity. Nutrients 2024; 16:1229. [PMID: 38674919 PMCID: PMC11053654 DOI: 10.3390/nu16081229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the effect of daily consumption of wheat biscuits enriched with plant proteins in postprandial metabolic responses of women with overweight/obesity who follow an energy-restricted diet. Thirty apparently healthy women participated in a 12-week randomized controlled trial and were assigned either to a control (CB) or an intervention (PB) group. Participants consumed daily either a conventional (CB) or an isocaloric wheat biscuit enriched with plant proteins (PB) containing high amounts of amino acids with appetite-regulating properties, i.e., BCAAs and L-arg. At baseline and the end of the intervention, a mixed meal tolerance test was performed. The responses of glucose, insulin, ghrelin, GLP-1, and glicentin were evaluated over 180 min. After 12 weeks, both groups experienced significant decreases in body weight, fat mass, and waist circumference. In the PB group, a trend towards higher weight loss was observed, accompanied by lower carbohydrate, fat, and energy intakes (p < 0.05 compared to baseline and CB group), while decreases in fasting insulin and the HOMA-IR index were also observed (p < 0.05 compared to baseline). In both groups, similar postprandial glucose, ghrelin, and GLP-1 responses were detected, while iAUC for insulin was lower (p < 0.05). Interestingly, the iAUC of glicentin was greater in the PB group (p < 0.05 compared to baseline). Subjective appetite ratings were beneficially affected in both groups (p < 0.05). Consumption of wheat biscuits enriched in plant proteins contributed to greater weight loss, lower energy intake, and insulin resistance and had a positive impact on postprandial glicentin response, a peptide that can potentially predict long-term weight loss and decreased food intake.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria-Christina Kanata
- Laboratory of Chemistry-Biochemistry-Physical Chemistry of Foods, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, 17671 Athens, Greece; (M.-C.K.); (V.T.K.)
| | - Amalia E. Yanni
- Laboratory of Chemistry-Biochemistry-Physical Chemistry of Foods, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, 17671 Athens, Greece; (M.-C.K.); (V.T.K.)
| | - Chrysi Koliaki
- First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, 15772 Athens, Greece; (C.K.); (I.A.A.); (A.K.)
| | - Irene Pateras
- ELBISCO S.A., Industrial and Commercial Food Company, 21st Km Marathonos Avenue, 19009 Pikermi, Greece;
| | - Ioanna A. Anastasiou
- First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, 15772 Athens, Greece; (C.K.); (I.A.A.); (A.K.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15772 Athens, Greece
| | - Alexander Kokkinos
- First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, 15772 Athens, Greece; (C.K.); (I.A.A.); (A.K.)
| | - Vaios T. Karathanos
- Laboratory of Chemistry-Biochemistry-Physical Chemistry of Foods, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, 17671 Athens, Greece; (M.-C.K.); (V.T.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Miura K, Yu R, Entwistle TR, McKenzie SC, Green AC. Association of diet quality and weight increase in adult heart transplant recipients. J Hum Nutr Diet 2024; 37:408-417. [PMID: 37997547 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.13263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the quality of the diet of heart transplant recipients (HTRs) is essential to developing effective dietary interventions for weight control, but relevant evidence is scarce. We investigated diet quality and its association with post-transplant increase in weight adjusted for height (body mass index [BMI]) in Australian HTRs. METHODS We recruited adult HTRs from Queensland's thoracic transplant clinic, 2020-2021. Study participants completed a 3-day food diary using a smart-phone app. Socio-demographic information was collected by self-administered questionnaire, and height, serial weight and clinical information were obtained from medical records. We calculated the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) index based on nine food groups and nutrients (index of 90 indicates highest possible quality), and any changes in BMI (≤ 0 kg m-2 or >0 kg m-2) post-transplantation. Median DASH index values were assessed in relation to sex and BMI change using Mann-Whitney U test. RESULTS Among 49 consented HTRs, 25 (51%) completed the food diary (median age 48 years, 52% females). Median BMI at enrolment was 27.2 kg m-2; median BMI change since transplant was +3.7 kg m-2. Fruit, vegetable, and whole grain intakes were generally lower than recommended, giving a low overall median DASH index of 30 with no sex differences. HTRs for which the BMI increased post-transplant had significantly lower median DASH indices than those whose BMI did not increase (30 vs. 45, p = 0.013). CONCLUSIONS The diet quality of HTRs appears suboptimal overall, with fruit and vegetable intakes especially low. HTRs whose BMI increased post-transplant had substantially lower quality diets than HTRs whose BMI did not increase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyoko Miura
- Population Health Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Regina Yu
- Population Health Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Scott C McKenzie
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia
- Advanced Heart Failure and Cardiac Transplant Unit, The Prince Charles Hospital, Chermside, QLD, Australia
| | - Adèle C Green
- Population Health Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, Australia
- CRUK Manchester Institute and University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Choudhary D, Andreani GA, Mahmood S, Wen X, Patel MS, Rideout TC. Postnatal Consumption of Black Bean Powder Protects against Obesity and Dyslipidemia in Male Adult Rat Offspring from Obese Pregnancies. Nutrients 2024; 16:1029. [PMID: 38613062 PMCID: PMC11013182 DOI: 10.3390/nu16071029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The adverse influence of maternal obesity on offspring metabolic health throughout the life-course is a significant public health challenge with few effective interventions. We examined if black bean powder (BBP) supplementation to a high-calorie maternal pregnancy diet or a postnatal offspring diet could offer protection against the metabolic programming of metabolic disease risk in adult offspring. Female Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned to one of three diets (n = 10/group) for a 3-week pre-pregnancy period and throughout gestation and lactation: (i) a low-caloric control diet (CON); (ii) a high-caloric obesity-inducing diet (HC); or (iii) the HC diet with 20% black bean powder (HC-BBP). At weaning [postnatal day (PND) 21], one male pup from each dam was weaned onto the CON diet throughout the postnatal period until adulthood (PND120). In addition, a second male from the HC group only was weaned onto the CON diet supplemented with BBP (CON-BBP). Thus, based on the maternal diet exposure and offspring postnatal diet, four experimental adult offspring groups were compared: CON/CON, HC/CON, HC-BPP/CON, and HC/CON-BBP. On PND120, blood was collected for biochemical analysis (e.g., lipids, glycemic control endpoints, etc.), and livers were excised for lipid analysis (triglycerides [TG] and cholesterol) and the mRNA/protein expression of lipid-regulatory targets. Compared with the CON/CON group, adult offspring from the HC/CON group exhibited a higher (p < 0.05) body weight (BW) (682.88 ± 10.67 vs. 628.02 ± 16.61 g) and hepatic TG (29.55 ± 1.31 vs. 22.86 ± 1.85 mmol/g). Although maternal BBP supplementation (HC-BBP/CON) had little influence on metabolic outcomes, the consumption of BBP in the postnatal period (HC/CON-BBP) lowered hepatic TG and cholesterol compared with the other treatment groups. Reduced hepatic TG in the HC/CON-BBP was likely associated with lower postnatal BW gain (vs. HC/CON), lower mRNA and protein expression of hepatic Fasn (vs. HC/CON), and lower serum leptin concentration (vs. CON/CON and HC groups). Our results suggest that the postnatal consumption of a black-bean-powder-supplemented diet may protect male rat offspring against the programming of obesity and dyslipidemia associated with maternal obesity. Future work should investigate the bioactive fraction of BBP responsible for the observed effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Divya Choudhary
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Professions, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA; (D.C.); (G.A.A.); (S.M.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Behavioral Medicine, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA;
| | - Gabriella A. Andreani
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Professions, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA; (D.C.); (G.A.A.); (S.M.)
| | - Saleh Mahmood
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Professions, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA; (D.C.); (G.A.A.); (S.M.)
| | - Xiaozhong Wen
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Behavioral Medicine, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA;
| | - Mulchand S. Patel
- Department of Biochemistry, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA;
| | - Todd C. Rideout
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Professions, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA; (D.C.); (G.A.A.); (S.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Torheim LE, Fadnes LT. Legumes and pulses - a scoping review for Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023. Food Nutr Res 2024; 68:10484. [PMID: 38571918 PMCID: PMC10989235 DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v68.10484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Consumption of legumes and pulses is associated with various health outcomes. Therefore, when updating the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations (NNR), summarizing the best available evidence on key health outcomes regarded as relevant for the Nordic and Baltics related to the consumption of legumes was essential. The aim of this scoping review was to evaluate the updated evidence on the effect of the consumption of legumes and pulses on various health outcomes, as well as their dose-response relationship in updated systematic reviews and meta-analyses. The scoping review is built on a de novo systematic review published in 2023 and additional searches on the consumption of legumes and pulses and its various health outcomes, including cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancer, type 2 diabetes, and obesity. Current available evidence shows that the consumption of legumes and pulses is associated with a lower risk of several cancers (evidence: low-moderate), and lower all-cause mortality (evidence: moderate). The associations with CVDs are neutral or inverse, with studies generally showing favourable changes in biomarkers for CVDs. Legume consumption is associated with a lower risk of obesity (evidence: low). For type 2 diabetes, no association was found with incidence, but trials on consumption of legumes and pulses and biomarkers generally indicated protective effects. Overall, the current evidence supports dietary recommendations to increase the consumption of legumes and pulses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liv Elin Torheim
- Department of Physical Health and Ageing, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lars T. Fadnes
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Whittall B, Warwick SM, Jackson M, Appleton KM. Barriers and facilitators to consuming pulses: a qualitative exploration including effects of trying recipes at home. J Nutr Sci 2024; 13:e6. [PMID: 38379592 PMCID: PMC10877139 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2023.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Pulses are a healthy, sustainable, low cost food, but consumption levels are low for a variety of reasons, including practical and cooking concerns. This work aimed to explore barriers and facilitators towards pulse consumption and increasing consumption, and the potential value of cooking suggestions and recipes for changing these perceptions. Two qualitative studies were undertaken. In Study 1, 21 participants (10 males, 11 females, of a range of ages, cooking responsibilities, and experiences with pulses) were interviewed both before and after receiving cooking suggestions and recipes. In Study 2, 12 participants (2 males, 10 females, as above) were interviewed once after trying recipes. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analysed using thematic analysis. Seven themes described barriers and facilitators towards pulse consumption: 'Enjoyment and Sensory properties'; 'Benefits and Recommendations'; 'Practical Concerns'; 'Cooking Concerns'; 'Compatibility with current diet'; 'Personal Influences'; and 'External Influences'. Some similar themes also referred to increasing consumption: 'Willingness'; 'Awareness, Knowledge of Benefits'; 'Knowledge of Cooking and Practical Concerns'; and 'Compatibility with current diet'. Cooking suggestions and recipe use resulted in themes on 'Awareness'; 'Willingness, Trying New Things'; 'Small Changes'; and facilitators associated with 'Enjoyment, Sensory Properties, Practical Concerns, Benefits' and 'Knowledge, Cooking Ideas and Confidence, Incorporation, Cooking Solutions'. Barriers related to 'Risk and Preconceptions'; 'Awareness, but' inaction and additional considerations were also found. Our findings demonstrate a positive role for pulse consumption for increased experience, familiarity, and confidence with preparing, cooking, and consuming these healthy and sustainable foods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B. Whittall
- Research Centre for Behaviour Change, Department of Psychology, Bournemouth University, Poole, UK
| | - S. M. Warwick
- Research Centre for Behaviour Change, Department of Psychology, Bournemouth University, Poole, UK
| | - M. Jackson
- Research Centre for Behaviour Change, Department of Psychology, Bournemouth University, Poole, UK
| | - K. M. Appleton
- Research Centre for Behaviour Change, Department of Psychology, Bournemouth University, Poole, UK
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yanni AE, Iakovidi S, Vasilikopoulou E, Karathanos VT. Legumes: A Vehicle for Transition to Sustainability. Nutrients 2023; 16:98. [PMID: 38201928 PMCID: PMC10780344 DOI: 10.3390/nu16010098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Legumes are an excellent source of protein and have been used in the human diet for centuries. Consumption of legumes has been linked to several health benefits, including a lower risk of cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and certain types of cancer, while legumes' high fiber content promotes digestive health. Aside from the positive health benefits, one of the most significant advantages of legumes is the low environmental footprint of their cultivation. They can be grown in a variety of climates and soil types, and they require less water and fertilizer than other crops, making them a sustainable option for farmers. Thanks to their nutritional and physicochemical properties, they are widely used by the food industry since the growing popularity of plant-based diets and the increasing demand for alternatives to meat offers the opportunity to develop legume-based meat substitutes. As the use of legumes as a source of protein becomes widespread, new market opportunities could be created for farmers and food industries, while the reduction in healthcare costs could have a potential economic impact. Achieving widespread adoption of legumes as a sustainable source of protein requires coordinated efforts by individuals, governments, and the private sector. The objective of this narrative review is to present the benefits coming from legume consumption in terms of health and environmental sustainability, and underline the importance of promoting their inclusion in the daily dietary pattern as well as their use as functional ingredients and plant-based alternatives to animal products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amalia E. Yanni
- Laboratory of Chemistry-Biochemistry-Physical Chemistry of Foods, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, 70 El. Venizelou Ave, 176-71 Athens, Greece; (S.I.); (E.V.); (V.T.K.)
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Andreani GA, Mahmood S, Patel MS, Rideout TC. Maternal pea fiber supplementation to a high calorie diet in obese pregnancies protects male offspring from metabolic dysfunction in adulthood. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2023; 14:711-718. [PMID: 38234128 DOI: 10.1017/s2040174423000399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
We investigated the influence of maternal yellow-pea fiber supplementation in obese pregnancies on offspring metabolic health in adulthood. Sixty newly-weaned female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized to either a low-calorie control diet (CON) or high calorie obesogenic diet (HC) for 6-weeks. Obese animals were then fed either the HC diet alone or the HC diet supplemented with yellow-pea fiber (HC + FBR) for an additional 4-weeks prior to breeding and throughout gestation and lactation. On postnatal day (PND) 21, 1 male and 1 female offspring from each dam were weaned onto the CON diet until adulthood (PND 120) for metabolic phenotyping. Adult male, but not female, HC offspring demonstrated increased body weight and feed intake vs CON offspring, however no protection was offered by maternal FBR supplementation. HC male and female adult offspring demonstrated increased serum glucose and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) compared with CON offspring. Maternal FBR supplementation improved glycemic control in male, but not female offspring. Compared with CON offspring, male offspring from HC dams demonstrated marked dyslipidemia (higher serum cholesterol, increased number of TG-rich lipoproteins, and smaller LDL particles) which was largely normalized in offspring from HC + FBR mothers. Male offspring born to obese mothers (HC) had higher hepatic TG, which tended to be lowered (p = 0.07) by maternal FBR supplementation.Supplementation of a maternal high calorie diet with yellow-pea fiber in prepregnancy and throughout gestation and lactation protects male offspring from metabolic dysfunction in the absence of any change in body weight status in adulthood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella A Andreani
- Departments of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Professions, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Saleh Mahmood
- Departments of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Professions, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Mulchand S Patel
- Biochemistry, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Todd C Rideout
- Departments of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Professions, Buffalo, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Agarwal S, Fulgoni VL. Effect of Adding Pulses to Replace Protein Foods and Refined Grains in Healthy Dietary Patterns. Nutrients 2023; 15:4355. [PMID: 37892430 PMCID: PMC10610119 DOI: 10.3390/nu15204355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulses are dry seeds of legumes which are high in fiber and contain plant protein and several important macronutrients. Our aim was to model the nutritional effects of substituting servings of protein foods and/or refined grains with servings of beans and peas in the Healthy U.S.-Style Pattern identified in the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2020-2025. Dietary modeling was accomplished by substituting nutrients of protein foods and/or refined grains with nutrients of the USDA's beans and peas (pulses) composite in the 2000 kcal Healthy U.S.-Style Pattern. A 10% or more change was used as an indicator of meaningful differences. Cost implications were computed by adding the cost of pulses and subtracting the cost of protein foods/refined grains according to the modeling scenario. The substitution of 6-8 oz/week protein foods with 1.5-2.0 cups/week pulses increased fiber and decreased cholesterol. Higher amounts of pulses replacing refined grains or combinations of protein foods and refined grains generally increase fiber, iron, magnesium, potassium, and copper depending on the modeling scenarios. All modeling scenarios of substituting the servings of protein foods alone or in combination with refined grains with the servings of pulses were associated with cost savings. Our results suggest that encouraging increased pulse consumption may be an effective strategy for improving diet.
Collapse
|
9
|
Didinger C, Bunning M, Thompson H. A Translational Approach to Increase Pulse Intake and Promote Public Health through Developing an Extension Bean Toolkit. Nutrients 2023; 15:4121. [PMID: 37836405 PMCID: PMC10574132 DOI: 10.3390/nu15194121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Practical, affordable solutions need to be implemented to address global challenges confronting human and environmental health. Despite a myriad of benefits for people and the planet, beans and other pulses (e.g., chickpeas, cowpeas, dry peas, lentils) are under-consumed. To better understand consumer concerns and interests, a Food Habits Survey was conducted and the findings were incorporated into the Colorado State University Extension Bean Toolkit. Guided by the Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills model, the toolkit included informational social media posts, cooking guidance, and an online class. A convenience sample of participants was recruited through Extension and university networks. After class participation, significant gains in knowledge of pulse nutrition, versatility, and cooking were observed, with an average increase of 1.5 points on a 5-point Likert scale (p < 0.001). Moreover, participants (n = 86) perceived a greater importance of motivators (e.g., nutrition, versatility, environmental benefits) and found barriers (e.g., flatulence, long cooking times, unfamiliarity) to be less discouraging. Most participants reported an intention to eat more pulses, and among those who completed the 1-month follow-up survey, pulse intake frequency increased (p = 0.004). Emphasizing motivating factors while simultaneously mitigating barriers to consumption can help reverse insufficient intake and promote healthy behavior change. Leveraging Extension or similar networks is one way to adopt a translational approach to better reach the public with this information.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea Didinger
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; (C.D.); (M.B.)
| | - Marisa Bunning
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; (C.D.); (M.B.)
| | - Henry Thompson
- Cancer Prevention Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Grdeń P, Jakubczyk A. Health benefits of legume seeds. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:5213-5220. [PMID: 36988580 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Pulses have been part of human nutrition for centuries. They are also used in folk medicine as products with multidirectional medicinal effects. They are annual plants representing the Fabaceae family. Their edible part is the fruit, i.e. the so-called pods. Whole pods or their parts can be eaten, depending on the species and fruit ripeness. Beans, peas, peanuts, chickpeas, lentils, broad beans and soybeans are edible legume species. Legume seeds are characterized by high nutritional value. Compared to seeds from other plants, they have high protein content ranging, on average, from 20% to 35%, depending on the type, growing conditions and maturity of the fruit. This review focuses on various health-promoting properties of legumes and presents their nutritional value and compounds exerting health-promoting effects. Many pulses have a low glycemic index, which is important for prevention and treatment of diabetes. In addition to their low glycemic index and high fiber content, pulses have α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitors, which reduce the absorption of glucose from the gastrointestinal tract. These compounds have antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory effects. Pulses have been shown to contain bioactive peptides with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory properties; hence, they are useful in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Pulses used in the nutrition of obese individuals provide compounds with pancreatic lipase inhibitory properties, thus promoting weight reduction and control. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paula Grdeń
- Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Anna Jakubczyk
- Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wada K, Nagata C, Yamakawa M, Nakashima Y, Koda S, Uji T, Tsuji M, Nagai H, Itakura N, Harada K, Takahara O, Yamanaka H. Association of dietary fibre intake with subsequent fasting glucose levels and indicators of adiposity in school-age Japanese children. Public Health Nutr 2023; 26:1617-1625. [PMID: 37226764 PMCID: PMC10410373 DOI: 10.1017/s136898002300099x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the relationships of fibre intake with subsequent BMI sd-score, waist-to-height ratio and serum fasting glucose levels among school-age Japanese children. DESIGN This is a prospective study of school-age Japanese children. Participants were followed from 6-7 to 9-10 years of age (follow-up rate: 92·0 %). Fibre intake was assessed using a validated FFQ. Serum fasting glucose was measured by a hexokinase enzymatic method. Using a general linear model, the associations between dietary fibre intake at baseline and BMI sd-score, waist-to-height ratio, and serum levels of fasting glucose at follow-up were evaluated after considering potential confounding factors. SETTING Public elementary schools in a city in Japan. PARTICIPANTS A total of 2784 students. RESULTS The estimated means for fasting glucose at 9-10 years of age were 86·45, 85·68, 85·88 and 85·58 mg/dl in the lowest, second, third and highest quartile of fibre intake at 6-7 years of age, respectively (P = 0·033, trend P = 0·018). Higher fibre intake at 6-7 years of age was associated with lower waist-to-height ratio at 9-10 years of age (trend P = 0·023). The change in fibre intake was inversely associated with concurrent change of BMI sd-score (trend P = 0·044). CONCLUSION These results suggest that dietary fibre intake may be potentially effective to limit excess weight gain and lower glucose levels during childhood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Wada
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu501-1194, Japan
| | - Chisato Nagata
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu501-1194, Japan
| | - Michiyo Yamakawa
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu501-1194, Japan
| | - Yuma Nakashima
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu501-1194, Japan
| | - Sachi Koda
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu501-1194, Japan
| | - Takahiro Uji
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu501-1194, Japan
| | - Michiko Tsuji
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu501-1194, Japan
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Nagoya Women’s University, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | | | - Kou Harada
- Hekinan Medical Association, Hekinan, Japan
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Castillo RF, García Pérez R, González Díaz A, Liñán González A. Therapeutic Applications and Effects of Lupinus angustifolius (Blue Lupin) and Its Components: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Foods 2023; 12:2749. [PMID: 37509841 PMCID: PMC10378960 DOI: 10.3390/foods12142749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Lupinus angustifolius has a unique nutrient profile among legumes and may have beneficial health effects when included in the diet. The aim of this study was to investigate the biological properties of blue lupin (Lupinus angustifolius), its chemical components, and their relevance for monitoring biological and anthropometric health markers, including triglycerides (TGs), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), BMI, weight, and glycemia, compared with control groups with other kinds of diets. PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases, updated to December 2023, were searched. Out of the 194 studies identified, a total of 7 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comprising 302 participants met the eligibility criteria. The results of our study indicated that the blue lupin diet has a direct relationship with parameters such as blood glucose, weight, and LDL-C but not with TGs or BMI. In conclusion, the research described in this review clearly indicates that L. angustifolius may play an important role in the dietary prevention of hyperlipidemia and hypertension. Therefore, it would be highly advisable to increase its consumption in diets. However, further studies, ideally in humans, are required to truly establish L. angustifolius's health-promoting properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Fernández Castillo
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Avd. de la Ilustración, 60, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Raquel García Pérez
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Avd. de la Ilustración, 60, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Ana González Díaz
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, C/Cortadura del Valle s/n, 51001 Ceuta, Spain
| | - Antonio Liñán González
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Avd. de la Ilustración, 60, 18016 Granada, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Cid-Gallegos MS, Jiménez-Martínez C, Sánchez-Chino XM, Madrigal-Bujaidar E, Vásquez-Garzón VR, Baltiérrez-Hoyos R, Álvarez-González I. Chemopreventive Effect of Cooked Chickpea on Colon Carcinogenesis Evolution in AOM/DSS-Induced Balb/c Mice. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2317. [PMID: 37375942 DOI: 10.3390/plants12122317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Chickpeas are one of the most widely consumed legumes worldwide and they might prevent diseases such as cancer. Therefore, this study evaluates the chemopreventive effect of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) on the evolution of colon carcinogenesis induced with azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) in a mice model at 1, 7, and 14 weeks after induction. Accordingly, the expression of biomarkers-such as argyrophilic nucleolar organizing regions (AgNOR), cell proliferation nuclear antigen (PCNA), β-catenin, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)-was assessed in the colon of BALB/c mice fed diets supplemented with 10 and 20% cooked chickpea (CC). The results showed that a 20% CC diet significantly reduced tumors and biomarkers of proliferation and inflammation in AOM/DSS-induced colon cancer mice. Moreover, body weight loss decreased and the disease activity index (DAI) was lower than the positive control. Lastly, tumor reduction was more evident at week 7 in the groups fed a 20% CC diet. In conclusion, both diets (10% and 20% CC) exert a chemopreventive effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Stephanie Cid-Gallegos
- Departamento de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, Zacatenco, Av. Wilfrido Massieu Esq. Cda. Miguel Stampa S/N, Alcaldía Gustavo A. Madero, Mexico City 07738, Mexico
| | - Cristian Jiménez-Martínez
- Departamento de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, Zacatenco, Av. Wilfrido Massieu Esq. Cda. Miguel Stampa S/N, Alcaldía Gustavo A. Madero, Mexico City 07738, Mexico
| | - Xariss M Sánchez-Chino
- Catedra-CONAHCYT, Departamento de Salud, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur-Villahermosa, Tabasco 86280, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Madrigal-Bujaidar
- Laboratorio de Genética, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, Zacatenco, Av. Wilfrido Massieu Esq. Cda. Miguel Stampa S/N, Alcaldía Gustavo A. Madero, Mexico City 07738, Mexico
| | - Verónica R Vásquez-Garzón
- Catedra-CONAHCYT, Facultad de Medicina y Cirugía, Universidad Autónoma Benito Juárez de Oaxaca, Oaxaca de Juárez 68120, Mexico
| | - Rafael Baltiérrez-Hoyos
- Catedra-CONAHCYT, Facultad de Medicina y Cirugía, Universidad Autónoma Benito Juárez de Oaxaca, Oaxaca de Juárez 68120, Mexico
| | - Isela Álvarez-González
- Laboratorio de Genética, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, Zacatenco, Av. Wilfrido Massieu Esq. Cda. Miguel Stampa S/N, Alcaldía Gustavo A. Madero, Mexico City 07738, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Barrientos-De la Rosa C, Duran-Aguero S, Mardones MJ, Morejón Y, García-Milla P, Albornoz P, Torres X, Landaeta-Díaz L. Comparison of Consumption of Pulses in Two Seasons of the Year in Chile. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15112635. [PMID: 37299598 DOI: 10.3390/nu15112635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Chile, the consumption of legumes at least two times per week is promoted. However, there is a low consumption of legumes. Therefore, our objective is to describe legume consumption in two different seasonal periods. METHODS Serial cross-sectional study: surveys were distributed during summer and winter using different digital platforms. Frequency of consumption, purchase access, and preparation type were investigated. RESULTS In total, 3280 adults were surveyed in summer and 3339 in winter. The mean age was 33 years. Totals of 97.7% and 97.5% of the population reported consuming legumes in both periods; consumption increased to 3 times per week during winter. In both periods, the main reason for their preference is that they are delicious and nutritious, followed by their use as a meat substitute; the main barriers to their consumption in both periods are that they are expensive (29% in summer and 27.8% in winter) and difficult to prepare. CONCLUSION A good consumption of legumes was observed, but with a higher frequency of consumption during winter, with an intake of ≥1 per day; additionally, differences were found in purchases according to season, although no differences were found in the method of preparation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Barrientos-De la Rosa
- Carrera Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Providencia 7500975, Chile
| | - Samuel Duran-Aguero
- Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Ciencias Para el Cuidado de la Salud, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago 7511111, Chile
| | - María José Mardones
- Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Ciencias Para el Cuidado de la Salud, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago 7511111, Chile
| | - Yadira Morejón
- Centro de Investigación de Salud Pública y Epidemiología Clínica (CISPEC), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo (FCSEE), Universidad UTE, Quito 170150, Ecuador
| | - Paula García-Milla
- Carrera Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Providencia 7500975, Chile
- Centro Integrativo de Biología y Química Aplicada (CIBQA), Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, General Gana 1702, Santiago 8370854, Chile
| | | | - Ximena Torres
- Carrera Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Providencia 7500975, Chile
| | - Leslie Landaeta-Díaz
- Facultad de Salud y Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de Las Américas, Santiago 7500975, Chile
- Núcleo en Ciencias Ambientales y Alimentarias (NCAA), Universidad de las Américas, Santiago 7500975, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Amoah I, Ascione A, Muthanna FMS, Feraco A, Camajani E, Gorini S, Armani A, Caprio M, Lombardo M. Sustainable Strategies for Increasing Legume Consumption: Culinary and Educational Approaches. Foods 2023; 12:foods12112265. [PMID: 37297509 DOI: 10.3390/foods12112265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Legumes are nutrient-dense crops with health-promoting benefits. However, several barriers are associated with their consumption. Emerging issues including food neophobic tendencies or taboos, unclear dietary guidelines on legume consumption, health concerns, and socio-economic reasons, as well as long cooking procedures, adversely affect legume consumption frequency. Pre-treatment methods, including soaking, sprouting, and pulse electric field technology, are effective in reducing the alpha-oligosaccharides and other anti-nutritional factors, eventually lowering cooking time for legumes. Extrusion technology used for innovative development of legume-enriched products, including snacks, breakfast cereals and puffs, baking and pasta, represents a strategic way to promote legume consumption. Culinary skills such as legume salads, legume sprouts, stews, soups, hummus, and the development of homemade cake recipes using legume flour could represent effective ways to promote legume consumption. This review aims to highlight the nutritional and health effects associated with legume consumption, and strategies to improve their digestibility and nutritional profile. Additionally, proper educational and culinary approaches aimed to improve legumes intake are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Amoah
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi 0023351, Ghana
| | - Angela Ascione
- Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, Via di Val Cannuta, 247, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Fares M S Muthanna
- Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Science and Technology-Aden, Alshaab Street, Enmaa City 22003, Yemen
| | - Alessandra Feraco
- Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, Via di Val Cannuta, 247, 00166 Rome, Italy
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Endocrinology, San Raffaele Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Via di Val Cannuta, 247, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Camajani
- Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, Via di Val Cannuta, 247, 00166 Rome, Italy
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Endocrinology, San Raffaele Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Via di Val Cannuta, 247, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Gorini
- Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, Via di Val Cannuta, 247, 00166 Rome, Italy
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Endocrinology, San Raffaele Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Via di Val Cannuta, 247, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Armani
- Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, Via di Val Cannuta, 247, 00166 Rome, Italy
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Endocrinology, San Raffaele Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Via di Val Cannuta, 247, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Caprio
- Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, Via di Val Cannuta, 247, 00166 Rome, Italy
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Endocrinology, San Raffaele Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Via di Val Cannuta, 247, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Mauro Lombardo
- Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, Via di Val Cannuta, 247, 00166 Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Badali T, Arefhosseini S, Rooholahzadegan F, Tutunchi H, Ebrahimi-Mameghani M. The effect of DASH diet on atherogenic indices, pro-oxidant-antioxidant balance, and liver steatosis in obese adults with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A double-blind controlled randomized clinical trial. Health Promot Perspect 2023; 13:77-87. [PMID: 37309438 PMCID: PMC10257571 DOI: 10.34172/hpp.2023.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The present clinical trial aimed to examine whether adherence to Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet could improve lipid profile, the Pro-oxidant-antioxidant balance (PAB) as well as liver function in obese adults with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Methods: Sixty two patients with NAFLD were equally allocated into either DASH or low-calorie diet (LCD) group for 8 weeks. The primary and secondary outcomes were determined before and after the trial. Results: Forty patients completed the trial. Significant within group differences were found in dietary saturated fat, selenium, vitamins A and E as well as body weight and body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) after the intervention (P<0.05). DASH diet showed greater significant change in systolic and diastolic blood pressure without significant differences between the groups after 8 weeks. Apart from serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and triglyceride/HDL-C, greater reductions were found not only in serum lipids and atherogenic indices (P<0.05) but also in serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), AST to platelet ratio index (APRI) and lipid accumulation product (LAP) in DASH group in comparison to control group (P=0.008, P=0.019 and P=0.003, respectively). Nevertheless, there was not any difference in PAB level between the groups. Furthermore, adherence to DASH diet was more effective in alleviating liver steatosis compared with usual LCD (P=0.012). Conclusion: Adherence to DASH diet appears to be more effective in improving obesity, atherogenic and liver steatosis biomarkers but not oxidative stress (OS) than usual LCD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taghi Badali
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sara Arefhosseini
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Helda Tutunchi
- Endocrine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehrangiz Ebrahimi-Mameghani
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Biochemistry and Diet Therapy, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Graham CAM, Spedicati B, Pelliccione G, Gasparini P, Concas MP. Regulator of G-Protein Signalling 9: A New Candidate Gene for Sweet Food Liking? Foods 2023; 12:foods12091739. [PMID: 37174278 PMCID: PMC10178705 DOI: 10.3390/foods12091739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetics plays an important role in individual differences in food liking, which influences food choices and health. Sweet food liking is a complex trait and has been associated with increased body mass index (BMI) and related comorbidities. This genome-wide association study (GWAS) aimed to investigate the genetics of sweet food liking using two adult discovery cohorts (n = 1109, n = 373) and an independent replication cohort (n = 1073). In addition, we tested the association of our strongest result on parameters related to behaviour (food adventurousness (FA) and reward dependence (RD) and health status (BMI and blood glucose). The results demonstrate a novel strong association between the Regulator of G-Protein Signalling 9 (RGS9I) gene, strongest single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs58931966 (p-value 7.05 × 10-9 in the combined sample of discovery and replication), and sweet food liking, with the minor allele (A) being associated with a decreased sweet food liking. We also found that the A allele of the rs58931966 SNP was associated with decreased FA and RD, and increased BMI and blood glucose (p-values < 0.05). Differences were highlighted in sex-specific analysis on BMI and glucose. Our results highlight a novel genetic association with food liking and are indicative of genetic variation influencing the psychological-biological drivers of food preference. If confirmed in other studies, such genetic associations could allow a greater understanding of chronic disease management from both a habitual dietary intake and reward-related perspective.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Anna-Marie Graham
- Cereneo Foundation, Center for Interdisciplinary Research (CEFIR), Seestrasse 18, 6354 Vitznau, Switzerland
- Lake Lucerne Institute, Seestrasse 18, 6354 Vitznau, Switzerland
| | - Beatrice Spedicati
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS, Burlo Garofolo, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Giulia Pelliccione
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS, Burlo Garofolo, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Paolo Gasparini
- Lake Lucerne Institute, Seestrasse 18, 6354 Vitznau, Switzerland
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS, Burlo Garofolo, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Maria Pina Concas
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS, Burlo Garofolo, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Vieira NM, Peghinelli VV, Monte MG, Costa NA, Pereira AG, Seki MM, Azevedo PS, Polegato BF, de Paiva SAR, Zornoff LAM, Minicucci MF. Beans comsumption can contribute to the prevention of cardiovascular disease. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2023; 54:73-80. [PMID: 36963901 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2023.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the major cause of global mortality, accounting for 31% of deaths worldwide. Healthy eating habits based on the consumption of bioactive molecules present in plant-based diets can contribute to the prevention of CVD. In this context, the consumption of common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is relevant. There are several species of beans, all of which provide proteins, carbohydrates, dietary fiber, vitamins, minerals, and phenolic compounds. More recently, the complexity of phytochemical components has expanded, including the role of antinutritional factors in nutrient bioavailability and immune responses. Experimental and clinical studies have shown that the consumption of beans results in less food consumption, control of body weight, and improvement of metabolic biochemical parameters. Thus, the consumption of beans is associated with a decrease in CVD risk factors. To date, there have been no interventional studies assessing CVD outcomes, such as hospitalization, infarction, and mortality, in the context of bean consumption. Furthermore, studies on the effect of bean consumption on metabolomics and intestinal microbiota are lacking. The purpose of this review is to explore the nutritional properties of beans and discuss the main effects of the consumption of beans on cardiovascular health. In conclusion, eating habits based on the consumption of bioactive molecules present in beans can contribute to the prevention of cardiovascular disease. Furthermore, there is a large gap in the literature regarding the consumption of beans associated with clinical outcomes, such as hospitalization and mortality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nayane Maria Vieira
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University- UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil.
| | | | - Marina Gaiato Monte
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University- UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil.
| | - Nara Aline Costa
- Faculty of Nutrition, UFG - Univ Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil.
| | - Amanda Gomes Pereira
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University- UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil.
| | - Marcos Mitsuo Seki
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University- UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil.
| | - Paula Schmidt Azevedo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University- UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil.
| | - Bertha Furlan Polegato
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University- UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Marcos Ferreira Minicucci
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University- UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Jayedi A, Ge L, Johnston BC, Shahinfar H, Safabakhsh M, Mohamadpur S, Ghorbaninejad P, Abyadeh M, Zeraattalab-Motlagh S, Soltani S, Jibril AT, Shab-Bidar S. Comparative effectiveness of single foods and food groups on body weight: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of 152 randomized controlled trials. Eur J Nutr 2023; 62:1153-1164. [PMID: 36441235 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-022-03046-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed at quantifying and ranking the effects of different foods or food groups on weight loss. METHODS We searched PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Embase to April 2021. We included randomized trials evaluating the comparative effects of two or more food groups, or compared a food group against a control group (usual diet, no intervention) for weight loss in adults. We conducted random-effects network meta-analysis with Bayesian framework to estimate mean difference [MD] and 95% credible interval [CrI] of the effect of food groups on weight loss. RESULTS 152 RCTs with 9669 participants were eligible. Increased consumption of fish (MD - 0.85 kg, 95% CrI - 1.66, - 0.02; GRADE = low), whole grains (MD - 0.44 kg, 95% CrI - 0.88, 0.0; GRADE = very low), and nuts (MD - 0.37 kg, 95% CI - 0.72, - 0.01; GRADE = low) demonstrated trivial weight loss, well below minimal clinically important threshold (3.9 kg), when compared with the control group. Interventions with other food groups led to no weight loss when compared with either the control group or other food groups. The certainty of the evidence was rated low to very low with the point estimates for all comparisons less than 1 kg. None of the food groups showed an important reduction in body weight when restricted to studies conducted in participants with overweight or obesity. CONCLUSIONS Interventions with a single food or food group resulted in no or trivial weight loss, especially in individuals with overweight or obesity. Further trials on single foods or food groups for weight loss should be highly discouraged.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Jayedi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), No 44, Hojjat-Dost Alley, Naderi St., Keshavarz Blvd, Tehran, Iran
| | - Long Ge
- Evidence Based Social Science Research Centre, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Bradly C Johnston
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77845, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77845, USA.
| | - Hossein Shahinfar
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Safabakhsh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), No 44, Hojjat-Dost Alley, Naderi St., Keshavarz Blvd, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saba Mohamadpur
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), No 44, Hojjat-Dost Alley, Naderi St., Keshavarz Blvd, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parivash Ghorbaninejad
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), No 44, Hojjat-Dost Alley, Naderi St., Keshavarz Blvd, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Abyadeh
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Sheida Zeraattalab-Motlagh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), No 44, Hojjat-Dost Alley, Naderi St., Keshavarz Blvd, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Soltani
- Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Non-communicable Diseases Research Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Aliyu Tijani Jibril
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), No 44, Hojjat-Dost Alley, Naderi St., Keshavarz Blvd, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sakineh Shab-Bidar
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), No 44, Hojjat-Dost Alley, Naderi St., Keshavarz Blvd, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Messina M, Duncan AM, Glenn AJ, Mariotti F. Plant-Based Meat Alternatives Can Help Facilitate and Maintain a Lower Animal to Plant Protein Intake Ratio. Adv Nutr 2023; 14:392-405. [PMID: 36906147 DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2023.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The health and environmental advantages of plant-predominant diets will likely lead to increasing numbers of consumers reducing their reliance on animal products. Consequently, health organizations and professionals will need to provide guidance on how best to make this change. In many developed countries, nearly twice as much protein is derived from animal versus plant sources. Potential benefits could result from consuming a higher share of plant protein. Advice to consume equal amounts from each source is more likely to be embraced than advice to eschew all or most animal products. However, much of the plant protein currently consumed comes from refined grains, which is unlikely to provide the benefits associated with plant-predominant diets. In contrast, legumes provide ample amounts of protein as well other components such as fiber, resistant starch, and polyphenolics, which are collectively thougt to exert health benefits. But despite their many accolades and endorsement by the nutrition community, legumes make a negligible contribution to global protein intake, especially in developed countries. Furthermore, evidence suggests the consumption of cooked legumes will not substantially increase over the next several decades. We argue here that plant-based meat alternatives (PBMAs) made from legumes are a viable alternative, or a complement, to consuming legumes in the traditional manner. These products may be accepted by meat eaters because they can emulate the orosensory properties and functionality of the foods they are intended to replace. PBMAs can be both transition foods and maintenance foods in that they can facilitate the transition to a plant-predominant diet and make it easier to maintain. PBMAs also have a distinct advantage of being able to be fortified with shortfall nutrients in plant-predominant diets. Whether existing PBMAs provide similar health benefits as whole legumes, or can be formulated to do so, remains to be established. Adv Nutr 2023;xx:xx-xx.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark Messina
- Soy Nutrition Institute Global, Washington, DC, USA.
| | - Alison M Duncan
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelp, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrea J Glenn
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Toronto 3D Knowledge Synthesis and Clinical Trials Unit, Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Francois Mariotti
- Université Paris-Saclay, AgroParisTech, INRAE, UMR PNCA, Palaiseau, France
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Current Consumption of Traditional Cowpea-Based Dishes in South Benin Contributes to at Least 30% of the Recommended Intake of Dietary Fibre, Folate, and Magnesium. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15061314. [PMID: 36986047 PMCID: PMC10056862 DOI: 10.3390/nu15061314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Regular consumption of legumes is recommended worldwide for its environmental and health benefits. Cowpea, the most frequently consumed pulse in West African countries, is rich in nutrients and health-promoting bioactive compounds. A one-week retrospective food frequency questionnaire was used to estimate the contribution of the cowpea-based dishes to the recommended nutrient intake (RNI), based on their consumption frequency, intake, and nutritional composition. Participants were 1217 adults (19–65 years) from three urban or rural areas in southern Benin. Out of all respondents, 98% reported that they usually consumed cowpea-based dishes. The mean consumption frequency was 0.1 to 2.4 times/week, depending on the type of cowpea-based dish. The mean amount consumed was 71 g and 58 g of seeds/adult/day in urban and rural areas respectively. The mean daily contribution of cowpea-based dishes to RNI was 15% for energy, 42% for fibre, 37% for magnesium, 30% for folate, 26% for protein, and just above 15% for zinc and potassium. Thus, such regular cowpea consumption should be maintained.
Collapse
|
22
|
Bajka BH, Pinto AM, Perez-Moral N, Saha S, Ryden P, Ahn-Jarvis J, van der Schoot A, Bland C, Berry SE, Ellis PR, Edwards CH. Enhanced secretion of satiety-promoting gut hormones in healthy humans after consumption of white bread enriched with cellular chickpea flour: A randomized crossover study. Am J Clin Nutr 2023; 117:477-489. [PMID: 36811474 PMCID: PMC10131617 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2022.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietary intake of pulses is associated with beneficial effects on body weight management and cardiometabolic health, but some of these effects are now known to depend on integrity of plant cells, which are usually disrupted by flour milling. Novel cellular flours preserve the intrinsic dietary fiber structure of whole pulses and provide a way to enrich preprocessed foods with encapsulated macronutrients. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to determine the effects of replacing wheat flour with cellular chickpea flour on postprandial gut hormones, glucose, insulin, and satiety responses to white bread. METHODS We conducted a double-blind randomized crossover study in which postprandial blood samples and scores were collected from healthy human participants (n = 20) after they consumed bread enriched with 0%, 30%, or 60% (wt/wt) cellular chickpea powder (CCP, 50 g total starch per serving). RESULTS Bread type significantly affected postprandial glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide YY (PYY) responses (time × treatment, P = 0.001 for both). The 60% CCP breads elicited significantly elevated and sustained release of these anorexigenic hormones [between 0% and 60% CPP-GLP-1: mean difference incremental area under the curve (iAUC), 3101 pM/min; 95% CI: 1891, 4310; P-adjusted < 0.001; PYY: mean difference iAUC, 3576 pM/min; 95% CI: 1024, 6128; P-adjusted = 0.006] and tended to increase fullness (time × treatment, P = 0.053). Moreover, bread type significantly influenced glycemia and insulinemia (time × treatment, P < 0.001, P = 0.006, and P = 0.001 for glucose, insulin, and C-peptide, respectively), with 30% CCP breads eliciting a >40% lower glucose iAUC (P-adjusted < 0.001) than the 0% CCP bread. Our in vitro studies revealed slow digestion of intact chickpea cells and provide a mechanistic explanation for the physiologic effects. CONCLUSIONS The novel use of intact chickpea cells to replace refined flours in a white bread stimulates an anorexigenic gut hormone response and has potential to improve dietary strategies for prevention and treatment of cardiometabolic diseases. This study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03994276.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Balazs H Bajka
- Biopolymers Group, Departments of Biochemistry and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Ana M Pinto
- Biopolymers Group, Departments of Biochemistry and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Natalia Perez-Moral
- Food Innovation and Health, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Shikha Saha
- Food Innovation and Health, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Ryden
- Food Innovation and Health, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer Ahn-Jarvis
- Food Innovation and Health, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Alice van der Schoot
- Biopolymers Group, Departments of Biochemistry and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Catherine Bland
- Biopolymers Group, Departments of Biochemistry and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah E Berry
- Diet and Cardiometabolic Group, Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Peter R Ellis
- Biopolymers Group, Departments of Biochemistry and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Cathrina H Edwards
- Food Innovation and Health, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
In vitro protein bioaccessibility and human serum amino acid responses to white bread enriched with intact plant cells. Food Chem 2023; 404:134538. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
24
|
Badji I, Caillavet F, Amiot MJ. Changes in French purchases of pulses during an FAO awareness campaign. Front Nutr 2023; 9:971868. [PMID: 36778972 PMCID: PMC9909192 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.971868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pulses can play a key role in a well-balanced diet and are now recognized for their health and sustainability benefits. However, consumption remains quite low, motivating promotion efforts such as the "International Year of Pulses" declared by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) in 2016. The present study aims to evaluate the changes in the purchase of pulses before and after the FAO's awareness campaign promoting the consumption of pulses in France and investigate the potential differences across sub-populations. Methods Purchase data come from Kantar Worldpanel 2014-2017. First, in order to understand demand for pulses, the influence of sociodemographic variables on the purchase of pulses in different forms (raw, processed, ultra-processed) is analyzed using a Box-Cox heteroskedastic double-hurdle model. Then, changes in purchasing before and after the FAO campaign were estimated using a two-way fixed-effects model, controlling for price and sociodemographic variables. Results On that period, the purchasing of pulses increased by 8.4% overall. The increase was greater for younger participants (+11.8%), people living in urban areas with over 200,000 inhabitants (+8.4%), and lower-income households (+7.1%). The 8.4% increase observed indicated that there were gradual preference change in favor of pulses and the impact of the awareness campaign was to boost expenditure on pulses by a further 2%. Conclusion The FAO campaign coincided with an increase in the purchasing of pulses and may have had an enhancing effect. However, consumption still remains below the level advised by dietary guidelines. There is a need for more public information and communication on the health and sustainability benefits of pulses, the consumption of which can be promoted through supply and education interventions. JEL codes D12; Q18; I18.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ikpidi Badji
- Institut National de Recherche pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (INRAE), Paris, France
| | - France Caillavet
- Institut National de Recherche pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (INRAE), Paris, France,*Correspondence: France Caillavet
| | - Marie Josephe Amiot
- Institut National de Recherche pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement, Montpellier, France
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Escobedo A, Esquivel-Hurtado M, Morales-Hernández N, Rodríguez-Reyes SC, Rivera-León EA, Mojica L. Low glycemic index common bean snack increased satiety without modifying energy intake in adults with normal weight: randomized crossover trials. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2023; 74:247-256. [PMID: 36683011 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2023.2170335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the short-term effect of a common bean baked snack (CBBS) and cooked bean consumption on energy intake, satiety, glycemic response, and palatability in subjects with normal weight (Study 1) and overweight (Study 2) and to determine the glycemic index of CBBS (Study 3). For studies 1 and 2, satiety and glycemic response were measured over 45 min after consuming CBBS, cooked beans or white bread preload, and energy intake at an ad libitum test meal was calculated. Energy intake remained similar after consuming the three preloads in both studies. Compared to white bread, CBBS consumption increased fullness by 52% in subjects with normal weight but not in those with overweight. The CBBS calculated glycemic index was considered low (42). Consumption of low glycemic index CBBS increased satiety in adults with a normal weight. Long-term trials assessing the effects on body weight management are necessary.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Escobedo
- Tecnología Alimentaria, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco (CIATEJ), Zapopan, Mexico
| | - Mayra Esquivel-Hurtado
- Tecnología Alimentaria, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco (CIATEJ), Zapopan, Mexico
| | - Norma Morales-Hernández
- Tecnología Alimentaria, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco (CIATEJ), Zapopan, Mexico
| | - Saraí Citlalic Rodríguez-Reyes
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Instituto de Nutrigenética y Nutrigenómica Traslacional, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara (UdeG), Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Edgar A Rivera-León
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Instituto de Nutrigenética y Nutrigenómica Traslacional, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara (UdeG), Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Luis Mojica
- Tecnología Alimentaria, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco (CIATEJ), Zapopan, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Tucker LA. Legume Intake, Body Weight, and Abdominal Adiposity: 10-Year Weight Change and Cross-Sectional Results in 15,185 U.S. Adults. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15020460. [PMID: 36678331 PMCID: PMC9864712 DOI: 10.3390/nu15020460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
There were three objectives: (1) evaluate the relationship between legume intake and weight change across the previous 10 years, (2) examine the cross-sectional associations between legume consumption, BMI, and abdominal adiposity, and (3) determine if the relationship between legume intake and the outcomes were influenced by multiple covariates, particularly fiber intake. The sample included 15,185 randomly selected adults representative of the U.S. population. Percent change in weight was used as the outcome measure for the 10-year analysis. BMI, and waist circumference, corrected for height, were employed as the outcomes for the cross-sectional analyses. Legume, fiber, and energy intakes were measured using the average of two 24-h dietary recalls. Legume intake was divided into three categories. Five demographic and five lifestyle covariates were controlled statistically. There was an inverse dose-response relationship between legume intake and percent weight change over the previous 10 years after adjusting for 9 of the covariates (F = 6.5, p = 0.0028). However, after controlling for fiber with the other covariates, there were no differences across the three legume intake groups (F = 1.9, p = 0.1626). The cross-sectional findings showed similar inverse dose-response results until fiber intake was controlled. Then the associations became non-significant. In conclusion, legume intake is a good predictor of percent weight change over the previous 10 years, and it is also a significant predictor of BMI and abdominal adiposity cross-sectionally. These relationships are strongly influenced by fiber consumption. Evidently, legumes have dietary advantages, especially high fiber levels, that seem to be valuable in the battle against weight gain and obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Larry A Tucker
- College of Life Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Thomas MS, Calle M, Fernandez ML. Healthy plant-based diets improve dyslipidemias, insulin resistance, and inflammation in metabolic syndrome. A narrative review. Adv Nutr 2023; 14:44-54. [PMID: 36811593 PMCID: PMC10103000 DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2022.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant-based diets (PBDs) have become very popular in recent years and have been identified as a dietary strategy associated with protection against chronic disease. However, the classifications of PBDs vary depending on the type of diet. Some PBDs have been recognized as healthful for their high content of vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, and fiber, or unhealthful if they are high in simple sugars and saturated fat. Depending on this classification, the type of PBD impacts its protective effects against disease dramatically. Metabolic syndrome (MetS), characterized by the presence of high plasma triglycerides and low HDL cholesterol, impaired glucose metabolism, elevated blood pressure, and increased concentrations of inflammatory biomarkers, also increases the risk for heart disease and diabetes. Thus, healthful plant-based diets could be considered favorable for individuals having MetS. The different types of plant-based diets (vegan, lacto-vegetarian, lacto-ovo-vegetarian, or pescatarian) are discussed with a focus on specific effects of dietary components in maintaining a healthy weight, protecting against dyslipidemias, insulin resistance, hypertension, and low-grade inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minu S Thomas
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Mariana Calle
- Department of Health Sciences, Worcester State University, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Maria Luz Fernandez
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Mendes V, Niforou A, Kasdagli MI, Ververis E, Naska A. Intake of legumes and cardiovascular disease: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2023; 33:22-37. [PMID: 36411221 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2022.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To summarize the evidence on the association between the intake of legumes and the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) overall, coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke, and to identify optimal intake levels for reduced disease risk through a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis. DATA SYNTHESIS We have systematically searched PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science up to March, 2022 for the retrieval of intervention and observational studies (PROSPERO Reg. number: CRD42021247565). Pooled relative risks (RRs) comparing extreme categories of intake were computed using random-effects models. One-stage dose-response meta-analyses were also performed using random-effects models. 22 831 articles were screened resulting in 26 eligible observational studies (21 prospective cohort and 5 case-control studies). When comparing extreme categories of intake, the consumption of legumes was inversely associated with CVD (n = 25: RR = 0.94; 95%CI:0.89,0.99) and CHD (n = 16: RR = 0.90; 95%CI:0.85,0.96), but not with stroke (n = 9: RR = 1.00; 95%CI:0.93,1.08). We further found evidence for an inverse dose-response association with CHD, increasing in magnitude up to an intake of 400 g/week, after which the benefit seems to level-off. CONCLUSIONS The intake of legumes was associated with a reduced risk of CVD and CHD, but not with stroke, among individuals with the highest consumption levels. An intake level of 400 g/week seemed to provide the optimal cardiovascular benefit. Further research is needed to better understand the role of legumes in stroke subtypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vânia Mendes
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Aikaterini Niforou
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria I Kasdagli
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Ermolaos Ververis
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece; European Food Safety Authority, Parma, Italy
| | - Androniki Naska
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Massara P, Zurbau A, Glenn AJ, Chiavaroli L, Khan TA, Viguiliouk E, Mejia SB, Comelli EM, Chen V, Schwab U, Risérus U, Uusitupa M, Aas AM, Hermansen K, Thorsdottir I, Rahelić D, Kahleová H, Salas-Salvadó J, Kendall CWC, Sievenpiper JL. Nordic dietary patterns and cardiometabolic outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies and randomised controlled trials. Diabetologia 2022; 65:2011-2031. [PMID: 36008559 PMCID: PMC9630197 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-022-05760-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Nordic dietary patterns that are high in healthy traditional Nordic foods may have a role in the prevention and management of diabetes. To inform the update of the EASD clinical practice guidelines for nutrition therapy, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of Nordic dietary patterns and cardiometabolic outcomes. METHODS We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE and The Cochrane Library from inception to 9 March 2021. We included prospective cohort studies and RCTs with a follow-up of ≥1 year and ≥3 weeks, respectively. Two independent reviewers extracted relevant data and assessed the risk of bias (Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and Cochrane risk of bias tool). The primary outcome was total CVD incidence in the prospective cohort studies and LDL-cholesterol in the RCTs. Secondary outcomes in the prospective cohort studies were CVD mortality, CHD incidence and mortality, stroke incidence and mortality, and type 2 diabetes incidence; in the RCTs, secondary outcomes were other established lipid targets (non-HDL-cholesterol, apolipoprotein B, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides), markers of glycaemic control (HbA1c, fasting glucose, fasting insulin), adiposity (body weight, BMI, waist circumference) and inflammation (C-reactive protein), and blood pressure (systolic and diastolic blood pressure). The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach was used to assess the certainty of the evidence. RESULTS We included 15 unique prospective cohort studies (n=1,057,176, with 41,708 cardiovascular events and 13,121 diabetes cases) of people with diabetes for the assessment of cardiovascular outcomes or people without diabetes for the assessment of diabetes incidence, and six RCTs (n=717) in people with one or more risk factor for diabetes. In the prospective cohort studies, higher adherence to Nordic dietary patterns was associated with 'small important' reductions in the primary outcome, total CVD incidence (RR for highest vs lowest adherence: 0.93 [95% CI 0.88, 0.99], p=0.01; substantial heterogeneity: I2=88%, pQ<0.001), and similar or greater reductions in the secondary outcomes of CVD mortality and incidence of CHD, stroke and type 2 diabetes (p<0.05). Inverse dose-response gradients were seen for total CVD incidence, CVD mortality and incidence of CHD, stroke and type 2 diabetes (p<0.05). No studies assessed CHD or stroke mortality. In the RCTs, there were small important reductions in LDL-cholesterol (mean difference [MD] -0.26 mmol/l [95% CI -0.52, -0.00], pMD=0.05; substantial heterogeneity: I2=89%, pQ<0.01), and 'small important' or greater reductions in the secondary outcomes of non-HDL-cholesterol, apolipoprotein B, insulin, body weight, BMI and systolic blood pressure (p<0.05). For the other outcomes there were 'trivial' reductions or no effect. The certainty of the evidence was low for total CVD incidence and LDL-cholesterol; moderate to high for CVD mortality, established lipid targets, adiposity markers, glycaemic control, blood pressure and inflammation; and low for all other outcomes, with evidence being downgraded mainly because of imprecision and inconsistency. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Adherence to Nordic dietary patterns is associated with generally small important reductions in the risk of major CVD outcomes and diabetes, which are supported by similar reductions in LDL-cholesterol and other intermediate cardiometabolic risk factors. The available evidence provides a generally good indication of the likely benefits of Nordic dietary patterns in people with or at risk for diabetes. REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04094194. FUNDING Diabetes and Nutrition Study Group of the EASD Clinical Practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paraskevi Massara
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Andreea Zurbau
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Toronto 3D Knowledge Synthesis and Clinical Trials Unit, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Andrea J Glenn
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Toronto 3D Knowledge Synthesis and Clinical Trials Unit, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Laura Chiavaroli
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Toronto 3D Knowledge Synthesis and Clinical Trials Unit, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Tauseef A Khan
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Toronto 3D Knowledge Synthesis and Clinical Trials Unit, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Effie Viguiliouk
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sonia Blanco Mejia
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Toronto 3D Knowledge Synthesis and Clinical Trials Unit, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Elena M Comelli
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Joannah and Brian Lawson Centre for Child Nutrition, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Victoria Chen
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ursula Schwab
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology and Clinical Nutrition, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Ulf Risérus
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Matti Uusitupa
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Anne-Marie Aas
- Division of Medicine, Department of Clinical Service, Section of Nutrition and Dietetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kjeld Hermansen
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Inga Thorsdottir
- Unit for Nutrition Research, Health Science Institute, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
- Landspitali - University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Dario Rahelić
- Vuk Vrhovac University Clinic for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Merkur University Hospital, Zagreb, Croatia
- Croatian Catholic University School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
- Josip Juraj Strossmayer University School of Medicine, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Hana Kahleová
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Diabetes Centre, Prague, Czech Republic
- Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Jordi Salas-Salvadó
- Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Human Nutrition Department, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Cyril W C Kendall
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Toronto 3D Knowledge Synthesis and Clinical Trials Unit, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - John L Sievenpiper
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Toronto 3D Knowledge Synthesis and Clinical Trials Unit, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Joannah and Brian Lawson Centre for Child Nutrition, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Medicine, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Sharma S, Kaur P, Gaikwad K. Role of cytokinins in seed development in pulses and oilseed crops: Current status and future perspective. Front Genet 2022; 13:940660. [PMID: 36313429 PMCID: PMC9597640 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.940660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytokinins constitutes a vital group of plant hormones regulating several developmental processes, including growth and cell division, and have a strong influence on grain yield. Chemically, they are the derivatives of adenine and are the most complex and diverse group of hormones affecting plant physiology. In this review, we have provided a molecular understanding of the role of cytokinins in developing seeds, with special emphasis on pulses and oilseed crops. The importance of cytokinin-responsive genes including cytokinin oxidases and dehydrogenases (CKX), isopentenyl transferase (IPT), and cytokinin-mediated genetic regulation of seed size are described in detail. In addition, cytokinin expression in germinating seeds, its biosynthesis, source-sink dynamics, cytokinin signaling, and spatial expression of cytokinin family genes in oilseeds and pulses have been discussed in context to its impact on increasing economy yields. Recently, it has been shown that manipulation of the cytokinin-responsive genes by mutation, RNA interference, or genome editing has a significant effect on seed number and/or weight in several crops. Nevertheless, the usage of cytokinins in improving crop quality and yield remains significantly underutilized. This is primarily due to the multigene control of cytokinin expression. The information summarized in this review will help the researchers in innovating newer and more efficient ways of manipulating cytokinin expression including CKX genes with the aim to improve crop production, specifically of pulses and oilseed crops.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandhya Sharma
- National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Kishor Gaikwad
- National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi, India
- *Correspondence: Kishor Gaikwad,
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Marinho AR, Severo M, Vilela S, Torres D, Oliveira A, Lopes C. Association of dietary macronutrient intake with adiposity during childhood according to sex: Findings from the generation XXI birth cohort. Pediatr Obes 2022; 17:e12916. [PMID: 35478450 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Few studies have assessed the independent and longitudinal effects of each macronutrient intake on adiposity throughout childhood. We aimed to prospectively assess the independent associations between each macronutrient intake at 4, 7, and 10 years (protein, carbohydrates, fat, and fibre) and each measure of adiposity from 7 to 10 years of age by sex. METHODS Data from the population-based birth cohort Generation XXI was used (n = 3999). At 4, 7, and 10 years old, dietary, anthropometric and sociodemographic data were collected. The dietary intake of the children was evaluated by a validated food frequency questionnaire. Age- and sex-specific body mass index z-scores (zBMI), percentage of body fat (%FM) from bio-impedance, and waist-to-hip ratio (Whr) were used as measures of adiposity. Path analysis tested the independent associations between each macronutrient intake (protein, carbohydrates, fat, and fibre) and each measure of adiposity from 7 to 10 years of age. RESULTS In fully adjusted models, an increase in energy from fibre intake at the age of 7 was associated with lower zBMI at the same age (β = -0.073; 95%CI [-0.127,-0.019]) and at 10 years (β = -0.083; 95%CI [-0.137,-0.029]). Similar results were found for %FM and Whr, and in each sex separately. At the age of 10, an increase in energy from fibre intake was associated with lower %FM and Whr, while an increase in energy from protein was associated with an increase in Whr (β = 0.061; 95%CI [0.014, 0.107]). CONCLUSIONS Our study supports the protective effect of fibre intake on adiposity development during childhood in both sexes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rita Marinho
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Porto, Portugal.,Departamento de Ciências da Saúde Pública e Forenses e Educação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Milton Severo
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sofia Vilela
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Porto, Portugal
| | - Duarte Torres
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Porto, Portugal.,Faculdade das Ciências da Nutrição e Alimentação, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Andreia Oliveira
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Porto, Portugal.,Departamento de Ciências da Saúde Pública e Forenses e Educação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carla Lopes
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Porto, Portugal.,Departamento de Ciências da Saúde Pública e Forenses e Educação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Hjelmesæth J, Sjöberg A. Human body weight, nutrients, and foods: a scoping review. Food Nutr Res 2022; 66:8814. [PMID: 36035748 PMCID: PMC9396931 DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v66.8814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jøran Hjelmesæth
- Morbid Obesity Centre, Department of Medicine, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway
- Department of Endocrinology, Morbid Obesity and Preventive Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
- Jøran Hjelmesæth, Morbid Obesity Centre, Department of Medicine, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Boks 2168, NO-3103 Tønsberg, Norway.
| | - Agneta Sjöberg
- Department of Food and Nutrition, and Sport Science, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Li D, Xu Z, Li Y, Gan L, Wu P, Wu R, Jin J, Zheng X, Zhang K, Ma H, Li L. Polysaccharides from Callerya speciosa alleviate metabolic disorders and gut microbiota dysbiosis in diet-induced obese C57BL/6 mice. Food Funct 2022; 13:8662-8675. [PMID: 35904346 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo00337f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Callerya speciosa ("Niu Dali" in Chinese) is a well-known edible plant in Southeast China. C. speciosa roots contain a high level of polysaccharides, which have been reported to show multiple health-promoting effects. In the current study, the anti-obesity effects of a crude extract of C. speciosa polysaccharides (NP) and its underlying mechanisms of action are investigated. C57BL/6 mice were divided into three groups and fed either a standard diet or a high-fat diet (HFD). The HFD + NP group mice received oral administration of NP (100 mg per kg per day) every other day for 10 weeks. NP supplementation alleviated HFD-induced diabetic biomarkers including body weight gain, hyperlipidemia, liver steatosis, and adipocyte hypertrophy. Western blot and RT-PCR analyses revealed that NP inhibited hepatic de novo lipogenesis and adipogenesis (i.e. decreased expression of Srebp1c, Fas, Cebpα, and Pparγ), stimulated adipocyte lipolysis (enhanced mRNA expression of Hsl and Mgl), and attenuated HFD-induced hepatic inflammation (decreased expression of TNF-α and NF-κB p65). Furthermore, 16S rDNA and GC-MS analyses showed that NP supplementation restored the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes proportion, elevated colon-derived SCFAs, especially acetic acid content, and increased the relative abundance of genera associated with SCFA production in HFD-fed mice. Findings from this study suggest that NP alleviated HFD-induced obesity in a mouse model, which was possibly due to its ameliorative effects on diet-induced gut dysbiosis. Polysaccharides from C. speciosa are promising prebiotics and they may be further developed as functional foods for the management of obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongli Li
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China.,International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529040, China
| | - Zhaonan Xu
- Institute of Microbial Pharmaceuticals, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Institute of Microbial Pharmaceuticals, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China.
| | - Lishe Gan
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China.,International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529040, China
| | - Panpan Wu
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China.,International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529040, China
| | - Rihui Wu
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China.,International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529040, China
| | - Jingwei Jin
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China.,International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529040, China
| | - Xi Zheng
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China.,International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529040, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
| | - Hang Ma
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China.,International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen 529040, China.,Bioactive Botanical Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, 02881, USA.
| | - Liya Li
- Institute of Microbial Pharmaceuticals, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Valerino-Perea S, Armstrong MEG, Papadaki A. Adherence to a traditional Mexican diet and non-communicable disease-related outcomes: secondary data analysis of the cross-sectional Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey. Br J Nutr 2022; 129:1-14. [PMID: 35876036 PMCID: PMC10011591 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114522002331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the association between adherence to a traditional Mexican diet (TMexD) and obesity, diabetes and CVD-related outcomes in secondary data analysis of the cross-sectional Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey 2018-2019. Data from 10 180 Mexican adults were included, collected via visits to randomly selected households by trained personnel. Adherence to the TMexD (characterised by mostly plant-based foods like maize, legumes and vegetables) was measured through an adapted version of a recently developed TMexD index, using FFQ data. Outcomes included obesity (anthropometric measurements), diabetes (biomarkers and diagnosis) and CVD (lipid biomarkers, blood pressure, hypertension diagnosis and CVD event diagnosis) variables. Percentage differences and OR for presenting non-communicable disease (NCD)-related outcomes (with 95 % CI) were measured using multiple linear and logistic regression, respectively, adjusted for relevant covariates. Sensitivity analyses were conducted according to sex, excluding people with an NCD diagnosis and using multiple imputation. In fully adjusted models, high, compared with low, TMexD adherence was associated with lower insulin (-9·8 %; 95 % CI (-16·0, -3·3)), LDL-cholesterol (-4·3 %; 95 % CI (-6·9, -1·5)), non-HDL-cholesterol (-3·9 %; 95 % CI (-6·1, -1·7)) and total cholesterol (-3·5 %; 95 % CI (-5·2, -1·8)) concentrations. Men and those with no NCD diagnosis had overall stronger associations. Effect sizes were smaller, and associations weakened in multiple imputation models. No other associations were observed. While results may have been limited due to the adaptation of a previously developed index, the results highlight the potential association between the TMexD and lower insulin and cholesterol concentrations in Mexican adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Selene Valerino-Perea
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TZ, UK
| | - Miranda E. G. Armstrong
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TZ, UK
| | - Angeliki Papadaki
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TZ, UK
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Winham DM, Thompson SV, Heer MM, Davitt ED, Hooper SD, Cichy KA, Knoblauch ST. Black Bean Pasta Meals with Varying Protein Concentrations Reduce Postprandial Glycemia and Insulinemia Similarly Compared to White Bread Control in Adults. Foods 2022; 11:foods11111652. [PMID: 35681402 PMCID: PMC9180063 DOI: 10.3390/foods11111652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Postprandial glycemic and insulinemic effects of three black bean pastas were evaluated among eighteen normoglycemic adults (8 men, 10 women) in a randomized crossover trial. Black beans were milled into flour using a commercial Knife or compression/decompression mill (C/D mill). The C/D-mill-derived pastas had medium protein (Combo-MP) and low protein (Cyclone-LP) concentrations. Three black bean flour pastas (Knife, Combo-MP, and Cyclone-LP) were compared to two controls: white bread and whole black beans. Treatments contained 50 g of available carbohydrate. Plasma glucose, serum insulin, and appetite measures were collected at fasting and 30, 60, 90, 150, and 180 min postprandial. Gastrointestinal symptoms were evaluated 10–12 h postprandial. ANOVA (one-way, repeated measures) was used to evaluate satiety, gastrointestinal symptoms, sensory variables, glucose and insulin differences from baseline, and incremental area under the curve (iAUC) by time and/or treatment. Three-hour glucose and insulin iAUCs were lower with whole black beans than white bread. Black bean pasta meals increased satiety, reduced appetite, and produced numerically lower glucose and insulin responses than white bread. However, no differences were observed between pasta types, indicating a similar metabolic response regardless of milling technique. Our results provide evidence for dietary guidance to reduce postprandial glucose and related health risks through pulse food products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Donna M. Winham
- Department of Food Science & Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (M.M.H.); (E.D.D.); (S.T.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-515-294-5040
| | - Sharon V. Thompson
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61801, USA;
| | - Michelle M. Heer
- Department of Food Science & Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (M.M.H.); (E.D.D.); (S.T.K.)
| | - Elizabeth D. Davitt
- Department of Food Science & Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (M.M.H.); (E.D.D.); (S.T.K.)
| | - Sharon D. Hooper
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lasing, MI 48824, USA;
| | - Karen A. Cichy
- Sugarbeet and Bean Research, USDA-ARS, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA;
| | - Simon T. Knoblauch
- Department of Food Science & Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (M.M.H.); (E.D.D.); (S.T.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Dai Z, Hirani V, Sahni S, Felson DT, Naganathan V, Blyth F, Couteur DL, Handelsman D, Seibel MJ, Waite L, Kiel DP, Cumming R. Association of dietary fiber and risk of hip fracture in men from the Framingham Osteoporosis Study and the Concord Health and Ageing in Men Project. Nutr Health 2022; 28:229-238. [PMID: 33940973 PMCID: PMC10622166 DOI: 10.1177/02601060211011798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Data in the Offspring Framingham Osteoporosis Study (FOS) suggested that higher intake of dietary fiber was modestly protective against loss of bone mineral density at the femoral neck in men but not in women. AIM To examine the relationship of fiber intake with risk of hip fractures in men. METHODS We included 367 men from the FOS Original cohort, 1730 men from the FOS Offspring cohort, and 782 men from the Concord Health and Ageing in Men Project (CHAMP) in the analysis. Incident fractures were defined as medically confirmed first occurrence of osteoporotic fractures at the proximal femur. Fiber intake was estimated via a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) or diet history. Cox proportional hazards models were applied to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). A random-effects model was used to estimate the pooled relative risk in meta-analysis. RESULTS Seventy-two incident hip fractures were identified, of which 24 occurred in the FOS Original cohort [mean (SD): age 75.3 (5.1) years; follow-up time: 8.5 (6.2) years; dietary fiber: 19 (8) (g/d)], 19 in the FOS Offspring cohort [58.8 (9.8) years; 11.0 (5.9) years; 19 (8) (g/d)], and 29 in CHAMP [81.4 (4.5) years; 5.2 (1.5) years; 28 (10) (g/d)]. We did not find significant associations within each cohort between fiber intake and risk of hip fractures. The pooled HR (95% CI) was 0.80 (0.39, 1.66) comparing energy-adjusted dietary fiber at tertile 3 vs. tertile 1 (I2 = 0, p = 0.56). CONCLUSION These data suggested that dietary fiber was not associated with risk of incident hip fractures in men.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoli Dai
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, D17, The Hub, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
- Boston University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, USA
- Centre for Health Systems and Safety Research, Australian Institute of Health Innovation Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Vasant Hirani
- Centre for Education and Research on Aging, Concord Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Population Aging Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Shivani Sahni
- Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David T. Felson
- Boston University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Rheumatology and Clinical Epidemiology, USA
- Central Manchester Foundation Trust and University of Manchester, Manchester UK
| | - Vasi Naganathan
- Centre for Education and Research on Aging, Concord Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Fiona Blyth
- Aging and Alzheimer’s Institute, Concord Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David Le Couteur
- Centre for Education and Research on Aging, Concord Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Population Aging Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David Handelsman
- Centre for Education and Research on Aging, Concord Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Population Aging Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Aging and Alzheimer’s Institute, Concord Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Markus J Seibel
- ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Louise Waite
- Bone Research Program, ANZAC Research Institute, and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Concord Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Douglas P Kiel
- Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Robert Cumming
- Centre for Health Systems and Safety Research, Australian Institute of Health Innovation Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, NSW 2109, Australia
- Centre for Education and Research on Aging, Concord Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Changes in Food and Nutrient Intake and Diet Quality on a Low-Fat Vegan Diet Are Associated with Changes in Body Weight, Body Composition, and Insulin Sensitivity in Overweight Adults: A Randomized Clinical Trial. J Acad Nutr Diet 2022; 122:1922-1939.e0. [PMID: 35452873 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2022.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Consuming different food groups and nutrients can have differential effects on body weight, body composition, and insulin sensitivity. OBJECTIVE The aim was to identify how food group, nutrient intake, and diet quality change relative to usual-diet controls after 16 weeks on a low-fat vegan diet and what associations those changes have with changes in body weight, body composition, and measures of metabolic health. DESIGN Secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial conducted between October 2016 and December 2018 in four replications. PARTICIPANTS/SETTING Participants included in this analysis were 219 healthy, community-based adults in the Washington, DC, area, with a body mass index (BMI) between 28 and 40 kg/m2, who were randomly assigned to follow either a low-fat vegan diet or make no diet changes. INTERVENTION A low-fat, vegan diet deriving approximately 10% of energy from fat, with weekly classes including dietary instruction, group discussion, and education on the health effects of plant-based nutrition. Control group participants continued their usual diets. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Changes in food group intake, macro- and micronutrient intake, and dietary quality as measured by Alternate Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI-2010), analyzed from 3-day diet records, and associations with changes in body weight, body composition, and insulin sensitivity were assessed. STATISTICAL ANALYSES PERFORMED A repeated measure analysis of variance (ANOVA) model that included the factors group, subject, and time, was used to test the between-group differences throughout the 16-week study. Interaction between group and time (Gxt) was calculated for each variable. Within each diet group, paired comparison t-tests were calculated to identify significant changes from baseline to 16 weeks. Spearman correlations were calculated for the relationship between changes in food group intake, nutrient intake, AHEI-2010 score, and changes in body weight, body composition, and insulin sensitivity. The relative contribution of food groups and nutrients to weight loss was evaluated using linear regression. RESULTS Fruit, vegetable, legume, meat alternative, and whole grain intake significantly increased in the vegan group. Intake of meat, fish and poultry; dairy products; eggs; nuts and seeds; and added fats decreased. Decreased weight was most associated with increased intake of legumes (r=-0.38; p<.0001) and decreased intake of total meat, fish, and poultry (r=+0.43; p<.0001). Those consuming a low-fat vegan diet also increased their intake of carbohydrates, fiber, and several micronutrients and decreased fat intake. Reduced fat intake was associated with reduced body weight (r=+0.15; p=0.02) and, after adjustment for changes in BMI and energy intake, with reduced fat mass (r=+0.14; p=0.04). The intervention group's AHEI-2010 increased by 6.0 points on average in contrast to no significant change in the control group (treatment effect +7.2 [95% CI +3.7 to +10.7]; p<0.001). Increase in AHEI-2010 correlated with reduction in body weight (r=0.14; p=0.04), fat mass (r=-0.14; p=0.03), and insulin resistance as measured by HOMA-IR (r=-0.17; p=0.02), after adjustment for changes in energy intake. CONCLUSIONS When compared with participants' usual diets, intake of plant foods increased, and consumption of animal foods, nuts and seeds, and added fats decreased on a low-fat vegan diet. Increased legume intake was the best single food group predictor of weight loss. Diet quality as measured by AHEI-2010 improved on the low-fat vegan diet, which was associated with improvements in weight and metabolic outcomes. These data suggest that increasing low-fat plant foods and minimizing high-fat and animal foods is associated with decreased body weight and fat loss, and that a low-fat vegan diet can improve measures of diet quality and metabolic health.
Collapse
|
38
|
Hemler EC, Tamez M, Orengo JFR, Mattei J. Positive Attitudes towards Legumes Are Associated with Legume Intake among Adults in Puerto Rico. Nutr Res 2022; 103:21-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2022.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
39
|
Ormiston CK, Rosander A, Taub PR. Heart-Healthy Diets and the Cardiometabolic Jackpot. Med Clin North Am 2022; 106:235-247. [PMID: 35227427 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcna.2021.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
This review highlights the key components of a heart-healthy diet and presents an evidence-based overview of recent research. Diets that increase plant-based food sources and healthy unsaturated fats consumption and limit foods that are processed and/or high in sodium, refined sugar, and saturated fat are recommended. Dietary modification can be supplemented with lifestyle-based therapies (eg, exercise, time-restricted eating) to maximize clinical benefit and achieve the "cardiometabolic jackpot." Physicians should take into account cultural preferences, affordability and accessibility of foods, and their patients' cultural values or expectations when recommending dietary interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cameron K Ormiston
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, UC San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 7411, La Jolla, San Diego, CA 92037-7411, USA
| | - Ashley Rosander
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, UC San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 7411, La Jolla, San Diego, CA 92037-7411, USA
| | - Pam R Taub
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, UC San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 7411, La Jolla, San Diego, CA 92037-7411, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Campos V, Tappy L, Bally L, Sievenpiper JL, Lê KA. Importance of Carbohydrate Quality: What Does It Mean and How to Measure It? J Nutr 2022; 152:1200-1206. [PMID: 35179211 PMCID: PMC9071307 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxac039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary carbohydrates are our main source of energy. Traditionally, they are classified based on the polymer length between simple and complex carbohydrates, which does not necessarily reflect their impact on health. Simple sugars, such as fructose, glucose, and lactose, despite having a similar energy efficiency and caloric content, have very distinct metabolic effects, leading to increased risk for various chronic diseases when consumed in excess. In addition, beyond the absolute amount of carbohydrate consumed, recent data point out that the food form or processing level can modulate both the energy efficiency and the cardiometabolic risk associated with specific carbohydrates. To account for both of these aspects-the quality of carbohydrates as well as its food form-several metrics can be proposed to help identifying carbohydrate-rich food sources and distinguish between those that would favor the development of chronic diseases and those that may contribute to prevent these. This review summarizes the findings presented during the American Society of Nutrition Satellite symposium on carbohydrate quality, in which these different aspects were presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Campos
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, Nestlé Research, 1000 Lausanne 26, Switzerland
| | - Luc Tappy
- Department of Diabetology, Endocrinology, Nutrition & Metabolism, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Lia Bally
- Department of Diabetology, Endocrinology, Nutrition & Metabolism, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - John L Sievenpiper
- Departments of Nutritional Sciences and Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Department of Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Toronto 3D Knowledge Synthesis & Clinical Trials Unit, Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Terminology Matters: Advancing Science to Define an Optimal Pulse Intake. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14030655. [PMID: 35277014 PMCID: PMC8839569 DOI: 10.3390/nu14030655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Confusion around the terms “legumes” and “pulses” has been a long-standing problem among consumers, health professionals, and researchers in the United States. The Food and Agricultural Organization defines pulses as legumes that are harvested solely as dry grain and include beans, peas, chickpeas, and lentils. For the first time ever, the 2020–2025 Dietary Guidelines for Americans recognized and used the terminology “pulses.” Correct terminology usage is important to build a solid research foundation that is specific to pulses, primarily because of their unique nutritional attributes that impact health differently than other legumes. Future widespread conformity and standardized use of a definition and categorization system around pulses versus legumes in research would allow for an improved interpretation of science and a better understanding of current research gaps. Clarity around these gaps could enhance and improve dietary recommendations, including the ability to refine our current understanding of the optimal daily or weekly intake of pulses at which health benefits are maximized.
Collapse
|
42
|
Ren Y, Quilliam C, Weber LP, Warkentin TD, Tulbek MC, Ai Y. Effects of pulse crop types and extrusion parameters on the physicochemical properties,
in vitro
and
in vivo
starch digestibility of pet foods. Cereal Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cche.10524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yikai Ren
- Department of Food and Bioproduct Sciences University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon SK S7N 5A8 Canada
| | - Chloe Quilliam
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon SK S7N 5B4 Canada
| | - Lynn P. Weber
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon SK S7N 5B4 Canada
| | - Thomas D. Warkentin
- Crop Development Centre and Department of Plant Sciences University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon SK S7N 5A8 Canada
| | | | - Yongfeng Ai
- Department of Food and Bioproduct Sciences University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon SK S7N 5A8 Canada
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Szymandera-Buszka K, Gumienna M, Jędrusek-Golińska A, Waszkowiak K, Hęś M, Szwengiel A, Gramza-Michałowska A. Innovative Application of Phytochemicals from Fermented Legumes and Spices/Herbs Added in Extruded Snacks. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13124538. [PMID: 34960090 PMCID: PMC8703383 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
A trend related to adding legume seeds to various products has been observed. This work aimed to use fermented red bean/broad bean seeds and their hulls to produce extruded snacks with more beneficial nutritional properties and good sensory quality. Extruded snacks containing fermented ground seeds (50%) or hull (10%) of red bean/broad bean and corn grits with the addition of selected herbs/spices (0.5%) were prepared. The chemical composition, phenolic profile, antioxidant activity, and sensory quality were analysed. The results showed that the protein content ranged from 9 to 22.9 g 100 g−1, phenolic compounds ranged from 3.97 to 12.80 mg 100 g−1 (with the addition of herbs/spices, even up to 62.88 mg 100 g−1), and antioxidant activities ranged from 4.32 to 10.23 Trolox g−1 (ABTS assay), depending on the type of fermented materials. The addition of ground seeds/hull did not influence the consumer desirability, whereas the addition of selected herbs/spices, particularly lovage, increased it. The application of fermented red bean and broad bean seeds and their hulls, as part of the assumptions of the planetary diet, enabled enrichment of extruded corn products, which are often consumed by vegans and vegetarians, with nutritionally valuable ingredients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Krystyna Szymandera-Buszka
- Department of Gastronomy Science and Functional Foods, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 61-624 Poznan, Poland; (K.S.-B.); (K.W.); (M.H.); (A.G.-M.)
| | - Małgorzata Gumienna
- Department of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 61-624 Poznan, Poland; (M.G.); (A.S.)
| | - Anna Jędrusek-Golińska
- Department of Gastronomy Science and Functional Foods, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 61-624 Poznan, Poland; (K.S.-B.); (K.W.); (M.H.); (A.G.-M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-061-848-7372
| | - Katarzyna Waszkowiak
- Department of Gastronomy Science and Functional Foods, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 61-624 Poznan, Poland; (K.S.-B.); (K.W.); (M.H.); (A.G.-M.)
| | - Marzanna Hęś
- Department of Gastronomy Science and Functional Foods, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 61-624 Poznan, Poland; (K.S.-B.); (K.W.); (M.H.); (A.G.-M.)
| | - Artur Szwengiel
- Department of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 61-624 Poznan, Poland; (M.G.); (A.S.)
| | - Anna Gramza-Michałowska
- Department of Gastronomy Science and Functional Foods, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 61-624 Poznan, Poland; (K.S.-B.); (K.W.); (M.H.); (A.G.-M.)
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Thompson HJ. The Dietary Guidelines for Americans (2020-2025): Pulses, Dietary Fiber, and Chronic Disease Risk-A Call for Clarity and Action. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13114034. [PMID: 34836289 PMCID: PMC8621412 DOI: 10.3390/nu13114034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The 2020-2025 Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA) were recently released [...].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Henry J Thompson
- Cancer Prevention Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Twells LK, Harris Walsh K, Blackmore A, Adey T, Donnan J, Peddle J, Ryan D, Farrell A, Nguyen H, Gao Z, Pace D. Nonsurgical weight loss interventions: A systematic review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Obes Rev 2021; 22:e13320. [PMID: 34378849 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Access to bariatric surgery to treat obesity is limited and has long wait times. Many adults are seeking nonsurgical weight loss support. Our study objective was to conduct a systematic review of nonsurgical weight loss interventions. PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycInfo, and the CochraneLibrary were searched. Inclusion criteria were adults 18 + with a BMI > 25 enrolled in minimum a 3-month nonsurgical weight loss intervention. Studies were independently extracted and assessed for quality using A MeaSurement Tool to Assess systematic Reviews 2 (AMSTAR2). Pooled analyses were extracted, graded for evidence quality, and summarized. A total of 1065 studies were assessed for eligibility; 815 screened and 236 full-texts assessed. Sixty-four meta-analyses met eligibility criteria: 1180 RCTs with 184,605 study participants. Studies were categorized as diets (n = 13), combination therapies (n = 10), alternative (n = 16), technology (n = 10), behavioral (n = 5), physical activity (n = 6), and pharmacotherapy (n = 3). In 80% of studies, significant weight losses were reported ranging from 0.34-8.73 k in favor of the intervention. The most effective nonsurgical weight loss interventions were diets, either low-carbohydrate or low-fat diets, followed for 6 months; combination therapy including meal replacements plus enhanced support; and pharmacotherapy followed for 12 months. Although significant weight losses were reported for other types of interventions such as physical activity and technology, the majority of studies reported weight losses less than 2 kgs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laurie K Twells
- Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
| | - Kristin Harris Walsh
- Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
| | - Alicia Blackmore
- Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
| | - Tanis Adey
- Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
| | - Jennifer Donnan
- School of Pharmacy, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
| | - Justin Peddle
- School of Pharmacy, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
| | - Devonne Ryan
- Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
| | - Alison Farrell
- Health Sciences Library, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
| | - Hai Nguyen
- School of Pharmacy, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
| | - Zhiwei Gao
- Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
| | - Dave Pace
- Faculty of Medicine-Surgery, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
The Changing Landscape of Legume Products Available in Australian Supermarkets. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13093226. [PMID: 34579100 PMCID: PMC8470518 DOI: 10.3390/nu13093226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence supports regular dietary inclusion of legumes due to their positive effects on both human and planetary health. Intake within Australia is suboptimal, with consumer data suggesting that an inability to integrate legumes into usual dietary patterns is a barrier to consumption. This places the food industry in a unique position to offer Australians the ability to incorporate legumes into usual dietary patterns via innovative new products. The aim of this study was to explore the legume category and compare nutrition product data and the use of nutrition and health claims between 2019 and 2021. An audit of legume products from four major metropolitan Sydney supermarkets (Aldi, Coles, IGA, Woolworths) collected ingredient lists, nutrition information and on-pack claims for baked beans, legume dips, legume flours, legume snacks (including subcategories of legume chips and whole legume snacks), canned legumes, dried legumes, frozen legumes, and pulse pasta. The total number of legume products available on the market nearly doubled from 2019 (n = 312) to 2021 (n = 610); this was driven by traditional plain canned and dried legumes and some new and convenient options, particularly snacks (legume chips) where the largest growth occurred. Of all legume products (n = 610), 82% met the Nutrient Profiling Scoring Criteria, 86.8% were at least a source of dietary fibre, and 55.9% were at least a source of protein. Nutrition content claims relating to dietary fibre, gluten free and protein more than doubled since 2019, with each featuring on over one third of the products identified in 2021. Vegan/vegetarian on-pack claims more than doubled since 2019, and claims related to the term plant-based/plant protein and environmental sustainability emerged on packs in 2021. By addressing barriers to consumption, such as lack of time and knowledge on how to prepare legumes, innovative legume products may help influence future consumption patterns.
Collapse
|
47
|
Madlala HP, Steyn NP, Kalk E, Davies MA, Nyemba D, Malaba TR, Mehta U, Petro G, Boulle A, Myer L. Association between food intake and obesity in pregnant women living with and without HIV in Cape Town, South Africa: a prospective cohort study. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1504. [PMID: 34348683 PMCID: PMC8335890 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11566-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although global nutrition/dietary transition resulting from industrialisation and urbanisation has been identified as a major contributor to widespread trends of obesity, there is limited data in pregnant women, including those living with HIV in South Africa. We examined food-based dietary intake in pregnant women with and without HIV at first antenatal care (ANC) visit, and associations with maternal overweight/obesity and gestational weight gain (GWG). METHODS In an urban South African community, consecutive women living with (n = 479) and without (n = 510) HIV were enrolled and prospectively followed to delivery. Interviewer-administered non-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was used to assess dietary intake (starch, protein, dairy, fruits, vegetables, legumes, oils/fats) at enrolment. Associations with maternal body mass index (BMI) and GWG were examined using logistic regression models. RESULTS Among women (median age 29 years, IQR 25-34), the prevalence of obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) at first ANC was 43% and that of excessive GWG (per IOM guidelines) was 37% overall; HIV prevalence was 48%. In women without HIV, consumption of potato (any preparation) (aOR 1.98, 95% CI 1.02-3.84) and pumpkin/butternut (aOR 2.13, 95% CI 1.29-3.49) for 1-3 days a week increased the odds of overweight/obesity compared to not consuming any; milk in tea/coffee (aOR 6.04, 95% CI 1.37-26.50) increased the odds of excessive GWG. Consumption of eggs (any) (aOR 0.52, 95% CI 0.32-0.86) for 1-3 days a week reduced the odds of overweight/obesity while peanut and nuts consumption for 4-7 days a week reduced the odds (aOR 0.34, 95% CI 0.14-0.80) of excessive GWG. In women with HIV, consumption of milk/yoghurt/maas to drink/on cereals (aOR 0.35, 95% CI 0.18-0.68), tomato (raw/cooked) (aOR 0.50, 95% CI 0.30-0.84), green beans (aOR 0.41, 95% CI 0.20-0.86), mixed vegetables (aOR 0.49, 95% CI 0.29-0.84) and legumes e.g. baked beans, lentils (aOR 0.50, 95% CI 0.28-0.86) for 4-7 days a week reduced the odds of overweight/obesity; tomato (raw/cooked) (aOR 0.48, 95% CI 0.24-0.96) and mixed vegetables (aOR 0.38, 95% CI 0.18-0.78) also reduced the odds of excessive GWG. CONCLUSIONS Diet modification may promote healthy weight in pregnant women living with and without HIV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hlengiwe P Madlala
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Falmouth Building, Anzio Road, Observatory, Cape Town, Western Cape, 7925, South Africa.
| | - Nelia P Steyn
- Division of Human Nutrition, Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Emma Kalk
- Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Mary-Anne Davies
- Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa
- Health Impact Assessment Unit, Western Cape Department of Health, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Dorothy Nyemba
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Falmouth Building, Anzio Road, Observatory, Cape Town, Western Cape, 7925, South Africa
- Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Thokozile R Malaba
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Falmouth Building, Anzio Road, Observatory, Cape Town, Western Cape, 7925, South Africa
| | - Ushma Mehta
- Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Gregory Petro
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Cape Town and New Somerset Hospital, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Andrew Boulle
- Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa
- Health Impact Assessment Unit, Western Cape Department of Health, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Landon Myer
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Falmouth Building, Anzio Road, Observatory, Cape Town, Western Cape, 7925, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Pulse Intake Improves Nutrient Density among US Adult Consumers. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13082668. [PMID: 34444828 PMCID: PMC8398140 DOI: 10.3390/nu13082668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective was to examine trends in pulse (dry beans, dry peas, chickpeas and lentils) intake over a 10-year period and to compare nutrient intakes of pulse consumers and non-consumers to better understand the impact of pulse consumption on diet quality in the US population. NHANES 2003–2014 data for respondents (≥19 years) with 2 days of intake was used to evaluate trends in pulse intake. Pulse consumers were identified as those NHANES respondents who consumed pulses on one or both days. Differences in energy adjusted nutrient intakes between non-consumers and consumers were assessed. There were no significant trends in pulse intakes for the total population or for pulse consumers over the 10-year period. In 2013–2014, approximately 27% of adults consumed pulses with an intake of 70.9 ± 2.5 g/day over 2 days, just slightly <0.5 cup equivalents/day. At all levels of consumption, consumers had higher (p < 0.01) energy adjusted intakes of fiber, folate, magnesium. Higher energy adjusted intakes for potassium, zinc, iron and choline and lower intakes of fat were observed for consumers than for non-consumers at intakes ≥69.4 ± 1.01 g/day. These data suggest that pulse consumption in the US population may result in better diet quality with diets that are more nutrient dense than those without pulses.
Collapse
|
49
|
Vega-Salas MJ, Caro P, Johnson L, Papadaki A. Socio-economic inequalities in dietary intake in Chile: a systematic review. Public Health Nutr 2021; 25:1-16. [PMID: 34247696 PMCID: PMC9991770 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980021002937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Understanding the socio-economic inequalities in dietary intake is crucial when addressing the socio-economic gradient in obesity rates and non-communicable diseases. We aimed to systematically assess the association between socio-economic position (SEP) and dietary intake in Chile. DESIGN We searched for peer-reviewed and grey literature from inception until 31 December 2019 in PubMed, Scopus, PsycINFO, Web of Sciences and LILACS databases. Observational studies published in English and Spanish, reporting the comparison of at least one dietary factor between at least two groups of different SEP in the general Chilean population, were selected. Two researchers independently conducted data searches, screening and extraction and assessed study quality using an adaptation of the Newcastle Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale. RESULTS Twenty-one articles (from eighteen studies) were included. Study quality was considered low, medium and high for 24, 52 and 24 % of articles, respectively. Moderate-to-large associations indicated lower intake of fruit and vegetables, dairy products and fish/seafood and higher pulses consumption among adults of lower SEP. Variable evidence of association was found for energy intake and macronutrients, in both children and adults. CONCLUSIONS Our findings highlight some socio-economic inequalities in diets in Chile, evidencing an overall less healthy food consumption among the lower SEP groups. New policies to reduce these inequalities should tackle the unequal distribution of factors affecting healthy eating among the lower SEP groups. These findings also provide important insights for developing strategies to reduce dietary inequalities in Chile and other countries that have undergone similar nutritional transitions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Jesús Vega-Salas
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, 8 Priory Road, BristolBS8 1TZ, UK
| | - Paola Caro
- School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Laura Johnson
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, 8 Priory Road, BristolBS8 1TZ, UK
| | - Angeliki Papadaki
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, 8 Priory Road, BristolBS8 1TZ, UK
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Navy Bean Supplementation in Established High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity Attenuates the Severity of the Obese Inflammatory Phenotype. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13030757. [PMID: 33652785 PMCID: PMC7996849 DOI: 10.3390/nu13030757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cooked common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) improve intestinal health in lean mice and attenuate intestinal dysbiosis and inflammation when consumed concurrent with obesity development. We determined the effects of a high-fat (HF) bean supplemented diet in mice with established obesity (induced by 12 weeks of HF diet (60% fat as kcal)) compared to obese mice consuming a HF or low-fat (LF) weight loss control diet. Obese C57BL/6 male mice remained consuming HF for eight weeks or were randomly switched from HF to an isocaloric HF with 15.7% cooked navy bean powder diet (HF→HFB) or LF (11% fat as kcal; HF→LF) (n = 12/group). HF→HFB improved the obese phenotype, including (i) fecal microbiome (increased Prevotella, Akkermansia muciniphila, and short-chain fatty acid levels), (ii) intestinal health (increased ZO-1, claudin-2, Muc2, Relmβ, and Reg3γ expression), and (iii) reduced adipose tissue (AT) inflammatory proteins (NFκBp65, STAT3, IL-6, MCP-1, and MIP-1α), versus HF (p < 0.05). Conversely, HF→LF reduced body weight and circulating hormones (leptin, resistin, and PAI-1) versus HF and HF→HFB (p < 0.05); however, AT inflammation and intestinal health markers were not improved to the same degree as HF→HFB (p < 0.05). Despite remaining on a HF obesogenic diet, introducing beans in established obesity improved the obese phenotype (intestinal health and adipose inflammation) more substantially than weight loss alone.
Collapse
|