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Connell E, Blokker B, Kellingray L, Le Gall G, Philo M, Pontifex MG, Narbad A, Müller M, Vauzour D. Refined diet consumption increases neuroinflammatory signalling through bile acid dysmetabolism. Nutr Neurosci 2024; 27:1088-1101. [PMID: 38170169 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2023.2301165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Over recent decades, dietary patterns have changed significantly due to the increasing availability of convenient, ultra-processed refined foods. Refined foods are commonly depleted of key bioactive compounds, which have been associated with several deleterious health conditions. As the gut microbiome can influence the brain through a bidirectional communication system known as the 'microbiota-gut-brain axis', the consumption of refined foods has the potential to affect cognitive health. In this study, multi-omics approaches were employed to assess the effect of a refined diet on the microbiota-gut-brain axis, with a particular focus on bile acid metabolism. Mice maintained on a refined low-fat diet (rLFD), consisting of high sucrose, processed carbohydrates and low fibre content, for eight weeks displayed significant gut microbial dysbiosis, as indicated by diminished alpha diversity metrics (p < 0.05) and altered beta diversity (p < 0.05) when compared to mice receiving a chow diet. Changes in gut microbiota composition paralleled modulation of the metabolome, including a significant reduction in short-chain fatty acids (acetate, propionate and n-butyrate; p < 0.001) and alterations in bile acid concentrations. Interestingly, the rLFD led to dysregulated bile acid concentrations across both the colon (p < 0.05) and the brain (p < 0.05) which coincided with altered neuroinflammatory gene expression. In particular, the concentration of TCA, TDCA and T-α-MCA was inversely correlated with the expression of NF-κB1, a key transcription factor in neuroinflammation. Overall, our results suggest a novel link between a refined low-fat diet and detrimental neuronal processes, likely in part through modulation of the microbiota-gut-brain axis and bile acid dysmetabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Connell
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Britt Blokker
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Lee Kellingray
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
| | | | - Mark Philo
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
| | | | - Arjan Narbad
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
| | - Michael Müller
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - David Vauzour
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
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2
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Borrego-Ruiz A, Borrego JJ. Influence of human gut microbiome on the healthy and the neurodegenerative aging. Exp Gerontol 2024; 194:112497. [PMID: 38909763 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2024.112497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
The gut microbiome plays a crucial role in host health throughout the lifespan by influencing brain function during aging. The microbial diversity of the human gut microbiome decreases during the aging process and, as a consequence, several mechanisms increase, such as oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammatory response, and microbial gut dysbiosis. Moreover, evidence indicates that aging and neurodegeneration are closely related; consequently, the gut microbiome may serve as a novel marker of lifespan in the elderly. In this narrative study, we investigated how the changes in the composition of the gut microbiome that occur in aging influence to various neuropathological disorders, such as mild cognitive impairment (MCI), dementia, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and Parkinson's disease (PD); and which are the possible mechanisms that govern the relationship between the gut microbiome and cognitive impairment. In addition, several studies suggest that the gut microbiome may be a potential novel target to improve hallmarks of brain aging and to promote healthy cognition; therefore, current and future therapeutic interventions have been also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Borrego-Ruiz
- Departamento de Psicología Social y de las Organizaciones, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan J Borrego
- Departamento de Microbiología, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA, Plataforma BIONAND, Málaga, Spain.
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3
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Cordeiro A, Gomes C, Bicker J, Fortuna A. Aging and cognitive resilience: Molecular mechanisms as new potential therapeutic targets. Drug Discov Today 2024; 29:104093. [PMID: 38992420 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2024.104093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
As the global population ages, the need to prolong lifespan and healthspan becomes increasingly imperative. Understanding the molecular determinants underlying cognitive resilience, together with changes during aging and the (epi)genetic factors that predispose an individual to decreased cognitive resilience, open avenues for researching novel therapies. This review provides a critical and timely appraisal of the molecular mechanisms underlying cognitive resilience, framed within a critical analysis of emerging therapeutic strategies to mitigate age-related cognitive decline. Significant insights from both animals and human subjects are discussed herein, directed either toward active pharmaceutical ingredients (drug repositioning or macromolecules), or, alternatively, advanced cellular therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cordeiro
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Catarina Gomes
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; CIBIT - Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Joana Bicker
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; CIBIT - Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Fortuna
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; CIBIT - Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
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4
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Christidi F, Drouka A, Brikou D, Mamalaki E, Ntanasi E, Karavasilis E, Velonakis G, Angelopoulou G, Tsapanou A, Gu Y, Yannakoulia M, Scarmeas N. The Association between Individual Food Groups, Limbic System White Matter Tracts, and Episodic Memory: Initial Data from the Aiginition Longitudinal Biomarker Investigation of Neurodegeneration (ALBION) Study. Nutrients 2024; 16:2766. [PMID: 39203902 PMCID: PMC11357525 DOI: 10.3390/nu16162766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2024] [Revised: 08/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/17/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Many studies link food intake with clinical cognitive outcomes, but evidence for brain biomarkers, such as memory-related limbic white matter (WM) tracts, is limited. We examined the association between food groups, limbic WM tracts integrity, and memory performance in community-dwelling individuals. (2) Methods: We included 117 non-demented individuals (ALBION study). Verbal and visual episodic memory tests were administered, and a composite z-score was calculated. Diffusion tensor imaging tractography was applied for limbic WM tracts (fornix-FX, cingulum bundle-CB, uncinate fasciculus-UF, hippocampal perforant pathway zone-hPPZ). Food intake was evaluated through four 24-h recalls. We applied linear regression models adjusted for demographics and energy intake. (3) Results: We found significant associations between (a) higher low-to-moderate alcohol intake and higher FX fractional anisotropy (FA), (b) higher full-fat dairy intake and lower hPPZ FA, and (c) higher red meat and cold cuts intake and lower hPPZ FA. None of the food groups was associated with memory performance. (4) Conclusions: Despite non-significant associations between food groups and memory, possibly due to participants' cognitive profile and/or compensatory mechanisms, the study documented a possible beneficial role of low-to-moderate alcohol and a harmful role of full-fat dairy and red meat and cold cuts on limbic WM tracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Foteini Christidi
- First Department of Neurology, Aiginition Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece (G.A.)
- Computational Neuroimaging Group (CNG), School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Archontoula Drouka
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, 17671 Athens, Greece
| | - Dora Brikou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, 17671 Athens, Greece
| | - Eirini Mamalaki
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, 17671 Athens, Greece
| | - Eva Ntanasi
- First Department of Neurology, Aiginition Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece (G.A.)
| | - Efstratios Karavasilis
- Research Unit of Radiology and Medical Imaging, 2nd Department of Radiology, Attikon General University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece
- School of Medicine, Democritus University of Alexandroupolis, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Georgios Velonakis
- Research Unit of Radiology and Medical Imaging, 2nd Department of Radiology, Attikon General University Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece
| | - Georgia Angelopoulou
- First Department of Neurology, Aiginition Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece (G.A.)
| | - Angeliki Tsapanou
- First Department of Neurology, Aiginition Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece (G.A.)
- Taub Institute for Research in Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, The Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA;
| | - Yian Gu
- Taub Institute for Research in Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, The Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA;
| | - Mary Yannakoulia
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, 17671 Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Scarmeas
- First Department of Neurology, Aiginition Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece (G.A.)
- Taub Institute for Research in Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, The Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA;
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5
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Latimer CS, Prater KE, Postupna N, Dirk Keene C. Resistance and Resilience to Alzheimer's Disease. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2024; 14:a041201. [PMID: 38151325 PMCID: PMC11293546 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Dementia is a significant public health crisis; the most common underlying cause of age-related cognitive decline and dementia is Alzheimer's disease neuropathologic change (ADNC). As such, there is an urgent need to identify novel therapeutic targets for the treatment and prevention of the underlying pathologic processes that contribute to the development of AD dementia. Although age is the top risk factor for dementia in general and AD specifically, these are not inevitable consequences of advanced age. Some individuals are able to live to advanced age without accumulating significant pathology (resistance to ADNC), whereas others are able to maintain cognitive function despite the presence of significant pathology (resilience to ADNC). Understanding mechanisms of resistance and resilience will inform therapeutic strategies to promote these processes to prevent or delay AD dementia. This article will highlight what is currently known about resistance and resilience to AD, including our current understanding of possible underlying mechanisms that may lead to candidate preventive and treatment interventions for this devastating neurodegenerative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin S Latimer
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle 98195, Washington, USA
| | - Katherine E Prater
- Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle 98195, Washington, USA
| | - Nadia Postupna
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle 98195, Washington, USA
| | - C Dirk Keene
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle 98195, Washington, USA
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6
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Tor-Roca A, Sánchez-Pla A, Korosi A, Pallàs M, Lucassen PJ, Castellano-Escuder P, Aigner L, González-Domínguez R, Manach C, Carmona F, Vegas E, Helmer C, Feart C, Lefèvre-Arbogast S, Neuffer J, Lee H, Thuret S, Andres-Lacueva C, Samieri C, Urpi-Sarda M. A Mediterranean Diet-Based Metabolomic Score and Cognitive Decline in Older Adults: A Case-Control Analysis Nested within the Three-City Cohort Study. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024; 68:e2300271. [PMID: 37876144 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Evidence on the Mediterranean diet (MD) and age-related cognitive decline (CD) is still inconclusive partly due to self-reported dietary assessment. The aim of the current study is to develop an MD- metabolomic score (MDMS) and investigate its association with CD in community-dwelling older adults. METHODS AND RESULTS This study includes participants from the Three-City Study from the Bordeaux (n = 418) and Dijon (n = 422) cohorts who are free of dementia at baseline. Repeated measures of cognition over 12 years are collected. An MDMS is designed based on serum biomarkers related to MD key food groups and using a targeted metabolomics platform. Associations with CD are investigated through conditional logistic regression (matched on age, sex, and education level) in both sample sets. The MDMS is found to be inversely associated with CD (odds ratio [OR] [95% confidence interval (CI)] = 0.90 [0.80-1.00]; p = 0.048) in the Bordeaux (discovery) cohort. Results are comparable in the Dijon (validation) cohort, with a trend toward significance (OR [95% CI] = 0.91 [0.83-1.01]; p = 0.084). CONCLUSIONS A greater adherence to the MD, here assessed by a serum MDMS, is associated with lower odds of CD in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Tor-Roca
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Food Science and Nutrition Torribera Campus, University of Barcelona, Santa Coloma de Gramenet, 08921, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Alex Sánchez-Pla
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
| | - Aniko Korosi
- Brain Plasticity Group, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Center for Neuroscience, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1098 XH, The Netherlands
| | - Mercè Pallàs
- Pharmacology Section, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences and Institut of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Neurodegeneracion, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Paul J Lucassen
- Brain Plasticity Group, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Center for Neuroscience, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1098 XH, The Netherlands
| | - Pol Castellano-Escuder
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Food Science and Nutrition Torribera Campus, University of Barcelona, Santa Coloma de Gramenet, 08921, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
| | - Ludwig Aigner
- Institute of Molecular Regenerative Medicine, Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, 5020, Austria
| | - Raúl González-Domínguez
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Food Science and Nutrition Torribera Campus, University of Barcelona, Santa Coloma de Gramenet, 08921, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Claudine Manach
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UNH, Clermont-Ferrand, F-63000, France
| | - Francisco Carmona
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
| | - Esteban Vegas
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
| | - Catherine Helmer
- University of Bordeaux, Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR 1219, Bordeaux, F-33000, France
| | - Catherine Feart
- University of Bordeaux, Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR 1219, Bordeaux, F-33000, France
| | - Sophie Lefèvre-Arbogast
- University of Bordeaux, Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR 1219, Bordeaux, F-33000, France
| | - Jeanne Neuffer
- University of Bordeaux, Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR 1219, Bordeaux, F-33000, France
| | - Hyunah Lee
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Sandrine Thuret
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Cristina Andres-Lacueva
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Food Science and Nutrition Torribera Campus, University of Barcelona, Santa Coloma de Gramenet, 08921, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Cécilia Samieri
- University of Bordeaux, Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR 1219, Bordeaux, F-33000, France
| | - Mireia Urpi-Sarda
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Food Science and Nutrition Torribera Campus, University of Barcelona, Santa Coloma de Gramenet, 08921, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain
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7
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Dowling L, Lynch DH, Batchek D, Sun C, Mark-Wagstaff C, Jones E, Prochaska M, Huisingh-Sheetz M, Batsis JA. Nutrition interventions for body composition, physical function, cognition in hospitalized older adults: A systematic review of individuals 75 years and older. J Am Geriatr Soc 2024; 72:2206-2218. [PMID: 38376064 PMCID: PMC11226365 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.18799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Globally, the oldest old population is expected to triple by 2050. Hospitalization and malnutrition can result in progressive functional decline in older adults. Minimizing the impact of hospitalization on functional status in older adults has the potential to maintain independence, reduce health and social care costs, and maximize years in a healthy state. This study aimed to systematically review the literature to identify nutritional interventions that target physical function, body composition, and cognition in the older population (≥ 75 years). METHODS A systematic review was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of nutritional interventions on physical function, body composition, and cognition in adults aged ≥ 75 years or mean age ≥80 years. Searches of PubMed (National Institutes of Health, National Library of Medicine), Scopus (Elsevier), EMBASE (Elsevier), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) with Full Text (EBSCOhost), and PsycInfo (EBSCOhost) were conducted. Screening, data extraction, and quality assessment were performed in duplicate and independently (CRD42022355984; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=355984). RESULTS Of 8311 citations identified, 2939 duplicates were excluded. From 5372 citations, 189 articles underwent full-text review leaving a total of 12 studies for inclusion. Interventions were food-based, protein-based, carbohydrate-based, personalized, or used parenteral nutrition. Ten studies monitored anthropometric or body composition changes with three showing maintenance or improvements in lean mass, body mass index, triceps skinfold, and mid-upper arm circumference compared with the control group. Six studies monitored physical function but only the largest study found a beneficial effect on activities of daily living. Two of three studies showed the beneficial effects of nutritional intervention on cognition. CONCLUSION There are few, high-quality, nutrition-based interventions in older adults ≥75 years. Despite heterogeneity, our findings suggest that large, longer-term (>2 weeks) nutritional interventions have the potential to maintain body composition, physical function, and cognition in adults aged 75 years and older during hospitalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Dowling
- The Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - David H Lynch
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Dakota Batchek
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Chang Sun
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Emily Jones
- Health Sciences Library, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Micah Prochaska
- Section of Hospital Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Megan Huisingh-Sheetz
- Section of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - John A Batsis
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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8
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Ruiz-Rizzo AL, Finke K, Damoiseaux JS, Bartels C, Buerger K, Cosma NC, Dechent P, Dobisch L, Ewers M, Fliessbach K, Frommann I, Glanz W, Goerss D, Hetzer S, Incesoy EI, Janowitz D, Kilimann I, Laske C, van Lent DM, Munk MHJ, Peters O, Priller J, Ramirez A, Rostamzadeh A, Roy N, Scheffler K, Schneider A, Spottke A, Spruth EJ, Teipel S, Wagner M, Wiltfang J, Yakupov R, Jessen F, Duezel E, Perneczky R, Rauchmann BS. Fornix fractional anisotropy mediates the association between Mediterranean diet adherence and memory four years later in older adults without dementia. Neurobiol Aging 2024; 136:99-110. [PMID: 38340637 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2024.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Here, we investigated whether fractional anisotropy (FA) of hippocampus-relevant white-matter tracts mediates the association between baseline Mediterranean diet adherence (MeDiAd) and verbal episodic memory over four years. Participants were healthy older adults with and without subjective cognitive decline and patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment from the DELCODE cohort study (n = 376; age: 71.47 ± 6.09 years; 48.7 % female). MeDiAd and diffusion data were obtained at baseline. Verbal episodic memory was assessed at baseline and four yearly follow-ups. The associations between baseline MeDiAd and white matter, and verbal episodic memory's mean and rate of change over four years were tested with latent growth curve modeling. Baseline MeDiAd was associated with verbal episodic memory four years later (95 % confidence interval, CI [0.01, 0.32]) but not with its rate of change over this period. Baseline Fornix FA mediated - and, thus, explained - that association (95 % CI [0.002, 0.09]). Fornix FA may be an appropriate response biomarker of Mediterranean diet interventions on verbal memory in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana L Ruiz-Rizzo
- Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany; Department of Psychology, General and Experimental Psychology Unit, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
| | - Kathrin Finke
- Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany; Department of Psychology, General and Experimental Psychology Unit, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jessica S Damoiseaux
- Department of Psychology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA; Institute of Gerontology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Claudia Bartels
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Katharina Buerger
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE, Munich), Munich, Germany; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Nicoleta Carmen Cosma
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin-Institute of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Germany
| | - Peter Dechent
- MR-Research in Neurosciences, Department of Cognitive Neurology, Georg-August-University Goettingen, Germany
| | - Laura Dobisch
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Michael Ewers
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE, Munich), Munich, Germany; Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Klaus Fliessbach
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany; University of Bonn Medical Center, Dept. of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ingo Frommann
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany; University of Bonn Medical Center, Dept. of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn, Germany
| | - Wenzel Glanz
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Doreen Goerss
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock, Germany; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Stefan Hetzer
- Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, Charité - Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Enise I Incesoy
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany; Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Clinic Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Janowitz
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE, Munich), Munich, Germany
| | - Ingo Kilimann
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock, Germany; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Christoph Laske
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany; Section for Dementia Research, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research and Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Debora Melo van Lent
- Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's & Neurodegenerative Diseases, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA; Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Matthias H J Munk
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Oliver Peters
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin-Institute of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
| | - Josef Priller
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité, Berlin, Germany; School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Munich, Germany; University of Edinburgh and UK DRI, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Alfredo Ramirez
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany; University of Bonn Medical Center, Dept. of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn, Germany; Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Division of Neurogenetics and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Department of Psychiatry & Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Ayda Rostamzadeh
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany
| | - Nina Roy
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Klaus Scheffler
- Department for Biomedical Magnetic Resonance, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anja Schneider
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany; University of Bonn Medical Center, Dept. of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn, Germany
| | - Annika Spottke
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany; Department of Neurology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Eike Jakob Spruth
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Teipel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Rostock, Germany; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Michael Wagner
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany; University of Bonn Medical Center, Dept. of Neurodegenerative Disease and Geriatric Psychiatry/Psychiatry, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jens Wiltfang
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany; Neurosciences and Signaling Group, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Renat Yakupov
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Frank Jessen
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany; Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Department of Psychiatry, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany
| | - Emrah Duezel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany; Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research (IKND), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany; Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Robert Perneczky
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany; Ageing Epidemiology (AGE) Research Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany; Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Boris-Stephan Rauchmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany; Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK; Institute of Neuroradiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
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9
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Zou X, Zou G, Zou X, Wang K, Chen Z. Gut microbiota and its metabolites in Alzheimer's disease: from pathogenesis to treatment. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17061. [PMID: 38495755 PMCID: PMC10944166 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction An increasing number of studies have demonstrated that altered microbial diversity and function (such as metabolites), or ecological disorders, regulate bowel-brain axis involvement in the pathophysiologic processes in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The dysregulation of microbes and their metabolites can be a double-edged sword in AD, presenting the possibility of microbiome-based treatment options. This review describes the link between ecological imbalances and AD, the interactions between AD treatment modalities and the microbiota, and the potential of interventions such as prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, and dietary interventions as complementary therapeutic strategies targeting AD pathogenesis and progression. Survey methodology Articles from PubMed and china.com on intestinal flora and AD were summarized to analyze the data and conclusions carefully to ensure the comprehensiveness, completeness, and accuracy of this review. Conclusions Regulating the gut flora ecological balance upregulates neurotrophic factor expression, regulates the microbiota-gut-brain (MGB) axis, and suppresses the inflammatory responses. Based on emerging research, this review explored novel directions for future AD research and clinical interventions, injecting new vitality into microbiota research development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinfu Zou
- Subject of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Guoqiang Zou
- Subject of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University Of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xinyan Zou
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Kangfeng Wang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zetao Chen
- Subject of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Ting CP, Ma MC, Chang HI, Huang CW, Chou MC, Chang CC. Diet Pattern Analysis in Alzheimer's Disease Implicates Gender Differences in Folate-B12-Homocysteine Axis on Cognitive Outcomes. Nutrients 2024; 16:733. [PMID: 38474861 DOI: 10.3390/nu16050733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Low plasma B12 and folate levels or hyperhomocysteinemia are related to cognitive impairment. This study explores the relationships among diet pattern, blood folate-B12-homocysteine levels, and cognition measurement in Alzheimer's disease (AD) while exploring whether a gender effect may exist. METHODS This cross-sectional study enrolled 592 AD patients (246 males, 346 females) and the demographic data, blood biochemical profiles, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and a Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) for quantitative assessment of dietary frequency were collected. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was employed to explore the associations among dietary patterns, blood profiles, and cognition. A least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression model, stratified by gender, was constructed to analyze the weighting of possible confounders. RESULTS Higher MMSE scores were related to higher frequencies of coffee/tea and higher educational levels, body mass index, and younger age. The SEM model revealed a direct influence of dietary frequencies (skimmed milk, thin pork, coffee/tea) and blood profiles (homocysteine, B12, and folate) on cognitive outcomes. At the same time, the influence of dietary pattern on cognition was not mediated by folate-B12-homocysteine levels. In males, a direct influence on the MMSE is attributed to B12, while in females, homocysteine is considered a more critical factor. CONCLUSIONS Dietary patterns and blood profiles are both associated with cognitive domains in AD, and there are gender differences in the associations of dietary patterns and the levels of B12 and homocysteine. To enhance the quality of dietary care and nutritional status for individuals with dementia, our study results still require future validations with multi-center and longitudinal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Ping Ting
- Department of Nursing, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
- School of Nursing, Meiho University, Pingtung 91202, Taiwan
| | - Mi-Chia Ma
- Department of Statistics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-I Chang
- Department of Neurology, Cognition and Aging Center, Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 123 Ta Pei Road, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Wei Huang
- Department of Neurology, Cognition and Aging Center, Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 123 Ta Pei Road, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Man-Chun Chou
- School of Nursing, Meiho University, Pingtung 91202, Taiwan
- School of Nursing, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung 83102, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Chih Chang
- Department of Neurology, Cognition and Aging Center, Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 123 Ta Pei Road, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80421, Taiwan
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de Jager Loots CA, Price G, Barbera M, Neely AS, Gavelin HM, Lehtisalo J, Ngandu T, Solomon A, Mangialasche F, Kivipelto M. Development of a Cognitive Training Support Programme for prevention of dementia and cognitive decline in at-risk older adults. FRONTIERS IN DEMENTIA 2024; 3:1331741. [PMID: 39081598 PMCID: PMC11285552 DOI: 10.3389/frdem.2024.1331741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Background Evidence for the beneficial effects of cognitive training on cognitive function and daily living activities is inconclusive. Variable study quality and design does not allow for robust comparisons/meta-analyses of different cognitive training programmes. Fairly low adherence to extended cognitive training interventions in clinical trials has been reported. Aims The aim of further developing a Cognitive Training Support Programme (CTSP) is to supplement the Computerised Cognitive Training (CCT) intervention component of the multimodal Finnish Geriatric Intervention Study to Prevent Cognitive Impairment and Disability (FINGER), which is adapted to different cultural, regional and economic settings within the Word-Wide FINGERS (WW-FINGERS) Network. The main objectives are to improve adherence to cognitive training through a behaviour change framework and provide information about cognitive stimulation, social engagement and lifestyle risk factors for dementia. Methods Six CTSP sessions were re-designed covering topics including (1) CCT instructions and tasks, (2) Cognitive domains: episodic memory, executive function and processing speed, (3) Successful ageing and compensatory strategies, (4) Cognitive stimulation and engagement, (5) Wellbeing factors affecting cognition (e.g., sleep and mood), (6) Sensory factors. Session content will be related to everyday life, with participant reflection and behaviour change techniques incorporated, e.g., strategies, goal-setting, active planning to enhance motivation, and adherence to the CCT and in relevant lifestyle changes. Conclusions Through interactive presentations promoting brain health, the programme provides for personal reflection that may enhance capability, opportunity and motivation for behaviour change. This will support adherence to the CCT within multidomain intervention trials. Efficacy of the programme will be evaluated through participant feedback and adherence metrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celeste A. de Jager Loots
- Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Geraint Price
- Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mariagnese Barbera
- Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Anna Stigsdotter Neely
- Department of Social and Psychological Studies, Karlstad University, Karlstad, Sweden
- Department of Health, Education and Technology, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden
| | | | - Jenni Lehtisalo
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Population Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tiia Ngandu
- Population Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alina Solomon
- Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Francesca Mangialasche
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- FINGERS Brain Health Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Theme Inflammation and Aging, Medical Unit Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Miia Kivipelto
- Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- FINGERS Brain Health Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Theme Inflammation and Aging, Medical Unit Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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12
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D'Amico D, Alter U, Laurin D, Ferland G, Fiocco AJ. Examining a Healthy Lifestyle as a Moderator of the Relationship between Psychological Distress and Cognitive Decline among Older Adults in the NuAge Study. Gerontology 2024; 70:418-428. [PMID: 38354710 DOI: 10.1159/000535978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The objective of this study was to examine whether a healthy lifestyle composite score of social engagement, physical activity, and Mediterranean diet adherence moderates the association between psychological distress and global cognitive decline among cognitively healthy older adults (67+ years of age at baseline). METHODS A total of 1,272 cognitively intact older adults (Mage = 74.1 ± 4.1 years, 51.9% female) in the Quebec Longitudinal Study on Nutrition and Successful Aging (NuAge) completed a series of self-reported questionnaires to measure psychological distress and lifestyle behaviors, and the Modified Mini-Mental Examination (3MS) to assess cognitive performance at baseline and annually over 3 years. RESULTS Controlling for sociodemographic and health-related characteristics, greater psychological distress was associated with steeper cognitive decline over time among males (B = -0.07, 95% CI: [-0.12, -0.02]), but not females (B = 0.008, 95% CI: [0.03, 0.04]). Although a healthy lifestyle composite score did not statistically significantly moderate the distress-cognition relationship (B = -0.005, 95% CI: [-0.02, 0.01]), there was an association between higher psychological distress and greater cognitive decline at low levels of social engagement (B = -0.05, 95% CI: [-0.09, -0.006]), but not at high levels of social engagement (B = 0.02, 95% CI: [-0.03, 0.07]). CONCLUSION This study suggests that the potentially harmful impact of stress on cognitive function may be malleable through specific healthy lifestyle behaviors and emphasizes the importance of taking a sex-based approach to cognitive aging research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle D'Amico
- Institute for Stress and Wellbeing Research, Department of Psychology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,
| | - Udi Alter
- Department of Psychology, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Danielle Laurin
- Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, VITAM-Centre de recherche en santé durable, CIUSSS-Capitale Nationale and Institut sur le vieillissement et la participation sociale des aînés, Quebec, Québec, Canada
- Centre d'excellence sur le vieillissement de Québec, Quebec, Québec, Canada
- Faculté de pharmacie, Université Laval and Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (INAF) de l'Université Laval, Quebec, Québec, Canada
| | - Guylaine Ferland
- Montreal Heart Institute, Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Alexandra J Fiocco
- Institute for Stress and Wellbeing Research, Department of Psychology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Derdiger S, Friedeborn S, Tangney CC. Cognitive performance in relation to MIND and MEPA III dietary pattern accordance of NHANES participants. J Hum Nutr Diet 2024; 37:18-30. [PMID: 37656632 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.13223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is growing evidence that Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) and Mediterranean-like diets are associated with better cognitive performance. METHODS In this cross-sectional sample from two NHANES cycles (2011-2014), scores for the MIND dietary pattern (maximum score = 14) and for the Mediterranean Eating Pattern for Americans (MEPA) III (maximum score = 22) were calculated based on the reported foods consumed on two nonconsecutive 24-h dietary recalls. Only adults with two completed recalls and cognitive testing were studied (n = 2598). Cognitive assessments included the word learning and recall components from the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD), Animal Fluency test (AFT) and Digit Symbol Substitution Test. RESULTS The ages of participants were (mean ± SD) 69.2 ± 0.3 years, with almost equal proportions of men and women. MIND score was 5.0 ± 0.0, and MEPA III score was 8.6 ± 2.1. Positive associations between continuous MIND scores and education-dependent standardised cognitive scores for each test and global cognition were observed, unadjusted or adjusted for covariates; no such associations were observed for MEPA III. Compared to adults in the lowest MIND tertile, those in the highest were less likely to exhibit low cognitive performance on the AFT [0.45 (0.29-0.69)], CERAD Delayed Recall [0.52 (0.32-0.83)] and global cognition [0.50 (0.27-0.94)]. Similar observations were noted with MEPA III with AFT [0.58 (0.43-0.79)] and CERAD Delayed Recall [0.66 (0.46-0.94)]. CONCLUSIONS Older Americans were generally non-accordant to MIND and MEPA III patterns. However, those who reported greater MIND or MEPA III diet accordance exhibited better cognitive performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samara Derdiger
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and of Family and Preventive Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Sophia Friedeborn
- Department of Food and Nutrition Services, Saint Francis Hospital, Wilmington, Delaware, USA
| | - Christy C Tangney
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and of Family and Preventive Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Tang H, Zhang X, Luo N, Huang J, Zhu Y. Association of Dietary Live Microbes and Nondietary Prebiotic/Probiotic Intake With Cognitive Function in Older Adults: Evidence From NHANES. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2024; 79:glad175. [PMID: 37480582 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glad175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current study aims to examine association of dietary live microbes and nondietary prebiotic/probiotic intake with cognitive function among older U.S. adults, examining heterogeneity across demographic characteristics and diseases. METHODS Participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011-2014 cycles were selected and administered 3 cognitive function tests: the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease Word Learning subtest (CERAD W-L, including immediate [CERAD-IRT] and delayed [CERAD-DRT] memory), the Animal Fluency Test (AFT), and the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST). Test-specific and global cognition z-score was created. Based on their estimated dietary live microbes intake, participants were categorized into three groups: low, medium, and high. Text mining was employed to identify nondietary prebiotic/probiotic usage by examining the names and ingredients of dietary supplements or drugs. RESULTS Participants in the medium (including AFT) and high (including global cognition, AFT, DSST, and CERAD-IRT) dietary live microbes intake group had significantly higher z-score of cognitive function compared to those in the low intake group. Among participants with cardiovascular disease history, nondietary prebiotic intake was associated with higher z-score in global cognition and CERAD-DRT compared to those who did not consume prebiotic. Additionally, probiotic intake was linked to higher z-score in global cognition, AFT, and DSST, particularly in participants with diabetes mellitus or hypertension. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that the intake of dietary live microbes and nondietary probiotic/prebiotic was associated with better cognitive function in older adults, particularly in specific disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoxian Tang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Nan Luo
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jingtao Huang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanqiao Zhu
- Department of Psychiatry, Shunde Hospital of Southern Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
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McEvoy CT, Jennings A, Steves CJ, Macgregor A, Spector T, Cassidy A. Diet patterns and cognitive performance in a UK Female Twin Registry (TwinsUK). Alzheimers Res Ther 2024; 16:17. [PMID: 38263271 PMCID: PMC10804649 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-024-01387-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant-based diets may provide protection against cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease, but observational data have not been consistent. Previous studies include early life confounding from socioeconomic conditions and genetics that are known to influence both cognitive performance and diet behaviour. This study investigated associations between Mediterranean (MED) diet and MIND diets and cognitive performance accounting for shared genotype and early-life environmental exposures in female twins. METHODS Diet scores were examined in 509 female twins enrolled in TwinsUK study. The Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery was used to assess cognition at baseline and 10 years later (in n = 275). A co-twin case-control study for discordant monozygotic (MZ) twins examined effects of diet on cognitive performance independent of genetic factors. Differences in relative abundance of taxa at 10-year follow-up were explored in subsamples. RESULTS Each 1-point increase in MIND or MED diet score was associated with 1.75 (95% CI: - 2.96, - 0.54, p = 0.005 and q = 0.11) and 1.67 (95% CI: - 2.71, - 0.65, p = 0.002 and q = 0.02) fewer respective errors in paired-associates learning. Within each MZ pair, the twin with the high diet score had better preservation in spatial span especially for MED diet (p = 0.02). There were no differences between diet scores and 10-year change in the other cognitive tests. MIND diet adherence was associated with higher relative abundance of Ruminococcaceae UCG-010 (0.30% (95% CI 0.17, 0.62), q = 0.05) which was also associated with less decline in global cognition over 10 years (0.22 (95% CI 0.06, 0.39), p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS MIND or MED diets could help to preserve some cognitive abilities in midlife, particularly episodic and visuospatial working memory. Effects may be mediated by high dietary fibre content and increased abundance of short-chain fatty acid producing gut bacteria. Longer follow-up with repeated measures of cognition will determine whether diet can influence changes in cognition occurring in older age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire T McEvoy
- The Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK.
- The Global Brain Health Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- The Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
- Centre for Public Health, Institute of Clinical Sciences B, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, BT12 6BJ, UK.
| | - Amy Jennings
- The Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Claire J Steves
- Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, St Thomas' Campus, London, UK
| | | | - Tim Spector
- Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, St Thomas' Campus, London, UK
| | - Aedin Cassidy
- The Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
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Anderson ND, D'Amico D, Rotenberg S, Addis DR, Gillen J, Moore D, Furlano JA, Tan B, Binns M, Santarossa M, Chertkow H. Validation of a Community-Based Approach Toward Personalized Dementia Risk Reduction: The Kimel Family Centre for Brain Health and Wellness. J Prev Alzheimers Dis 2024; 11:1455-1466. [PMID: 39350393 PMCID: PMC11436454 DOI: 10.14283/jpad.2024.98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The Kimel Family Centre for Brain Health and Wellness is a research-driven community centre testing the efficacy of personalized dementia risk reduction programming on dementia risk and cognition. The objective of this protocol is to validate this approach by following people for two years. DESIGN/SETTING Participants will receive a comprehensive dementia risk assessment, including nonmodifiable and modifiable risk factors, from which they will receive a Personalized Dementia Risk Report and Program Strategy, indicating their health conditions increasing and their risk level in five modifiable risk domains: physical activity, brain-healthy eating, cognitive engagement, social connections, and mental wellbeing. Equipped with this information, participants will enroll in programs within the Centre to address their risk factors. Changes to their dementia risk, cognition, and Personalized Program Strategy will be communicated through re-assessments of risk factors every six months (risk and cognition) and every year (comprehensive assessment). PARTICIPANTS Participants (n = 450) will be 50 years of age or older, without a diagnosis of dementia, and sufficiently fluent in English to complete the assessments and understand program instructors. One goal is that our participant sample will include people of low income (with fundraising providing free community centre membership), and from various ethno-racial backgrounds. INTERVENTION Participants will select programs to meet their Personalized Program Strategy. For physical activity, they will gradually work toward the Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology guidelines. For brain-healthy eating, they will learn about the Brain Health Food Guide and food label reading, and then take additional programs. For cognitive engagement and mental wellbeing, they will take at least one hour of relevant programming per week. Social connections will be reinforced throughout all programs. All participants will also have access to the Canadian Consortium on Neurodegeneration's CAN-THUMBS Up online, educational program on modifiable dementia risk factors, called Brain Health PRO. MEASUREMENTS The comprehensive assessment includes numerous dementia risk factors, but the primary measures are risk in the five domains, health conditions proximal to those five risk domains, and cognition, and how these are affected by adherence and quality of goal-directed future simulation. We hypothesize a reduced risk in the five domains within six months, improvements in health biomarkers within a year, and maintenance of cognition within two years, with these benefits accruing with greater adherence, but only up to a point, at which benefits will plateau, and greater benefits among participants whose goal-directed simulations are more vivid, personally-relevant, achievable, and positive. CONCLUSIONS This innovative approach overcomes a number of limitations present in prior multidomain dementia prevention trials. Adapting a preference clinical trial that is embedded in a community centre, where participants have autonomy to choose programs to address their modifiable dementia risk factors, has real-world applicability in the global effort to reduce dementia risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- N D Anderson
- Nicole D. Anderson, PhD, CPsych, Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Academy for Research and Education, 3560 Bathurst Street, Toronto, Ontario M6A 2E1,
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D’Amico D, Alter U, Fiocco AJ. Cumulative Stress Exposure and Cognitive Function Among Older Adults: The Moderating Role of a Healthy Lifestyle. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2023; 78:1983-1991. [PMID: 37587024 PMCID: PMC10699734 DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbad116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Although chronic stress is a risk factor for poor age-related cognitive health, there is limited research that has examined how cumulative stress across the lifespan affects cognitive aging. There may also be resilience factors that minimize the effects of cumulative stress on cognitive health. Engaging in a healthy lifestyle is protective against cognitive decline and may therefore interact with cumulative stress to buffer the stress-cognition relationship. The objective of the current study was to examine the moderating role of a healthy lifestyle, comprised of physical activity, social engagement, and sleep quality, in the relationship between cumulative stress exposure (CSE) and baseline and change in cognitive performance (global cognition, episodic memory, executive function) over 9 years among 1,297 older adults in the Midlife in the United States cohort (Mage = 69.0 ± 6.4, 57.8% female). METHODS CSE and healthy lifestyle behaviors were indexed using self-reported questionnaires at baseline, and cognitive function was assessed using a battery of standardized neuropsychological tests at baseline and follow-up. RESULTS Controlling for age, sex, education, race, marital status, employment status, hypertension, diabetes, and depression, higher CSE was associated with poorer baseline performance and slower decline over time in global cognition and executive function, but not episodic memory. A healthy lifestyle did not significantly moderate the relationship between cumulative stress and cognitive function. Exploratory analyses showed a significant cumulative stress-cognition relationship among females only. DISCUSSION This study lends support for a lifespan model of cognitive aging and suggests that the cognitive health consequences of stress extend beyond immediate timescales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle D’Amico
- Institute of Stress and Wellbeing Research, Department of Psychology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Udi Alter
- Department of Psychology, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alexandra J Fiocco
- Institute of Stress and Wellbeing Research, Department of Psychology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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18
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Lim MY, Nam YD. Gut microbiome in healthy aging versus those associated with frailty. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2278225. [PMID: 37968837 PMCID: PMC10730223 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2278225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
As the proportion of older people in the world's population steadily increases, there is an urgent need to identify ways to support healthy aging. The gut microbiome has been proposed to be involved in aging-related diseases and has become an attractive target for improving health in older people. Herein, we cover the relationship between the gut microbiome and chronological age in adults, and then, we discuss the gut microbiome features associated with frailty, as a hallmark of unhealthy aging in older people. Furthermore, we describe the effects of microbiome-targeted interventions, such as dietary patterns and consumption of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics, on modulating the gut microbiome composition and further promoting healthy aging. Further studies are needed to explore the underlying mechanisms of gut microbiome-induced aging complications and to develop personalized microbiome-based strategies for reducing the severity of frailty or preventing the onset of frailty in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Young Lim
- Personalized Diet Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Do Nam
- Personalized Diet Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
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19
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Zagkos L, Drenos F, Emmett P, Blakemore AI, Nordström T, Hurtig T, Jarvelin MR, Dovey TM. Associations of adolescents' diet and meal patterns with school performance in the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986: A Mendelian randomisation study. Appetite 2023; 190:107036. [PMID: 37734238 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2023.107036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several observational studies indicate that dietary habits in children and adolescents are associated with school performance. These associations are heavily confounded by socio-economic characteristics, such as household income and parents' educational attainment, amongst other factors. The objective of this study was to explore the association between diet and school performance in adolescents from the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986 (NFBC1986). METHODS Dietary and school performance data were collected using self-reported questionnaires from adolescents in the NFBC1986 cross-sectional, 16-year follow-up study. In this work we derived exploratory factors for the dietary variables, frequency of skipping main meals and school performance variables, performed genome-wide association studies (GWAS) against these factors to obtain genetic association data and conducted one-sample and two-sample Mendelian randomisation (MR) analyses using individual level data for up to 9220 adolescents in NFBC1986 and GWAS results from external cohorts. We report observational and MR effects of diet on school performance and cognition-related phenotypes. RESULTS The observational study and the one-sample Mendelian randomisation analysis showed that high fat, salt and sugar (HFSS) consumption was associated with poor school performance in general/science subjects (-0.080, -0.128 to -0.033) and staple food consumption with better school performance in general/science subjects (0.071, 0.024 to 0.119) and physical education (0.065, 0.021 to 0.110). Findings from our two-sample MR analysis identified dietary principal components described best as whole brain bread, wheat, cheese, oat cereal and red wine to be associated with higher educational attainment and other cognition-related phenotypes. CONCLUSION Using genetics, we highlighted the potential role of HFSS food consumption and consumption of the components of a staple food diet for school performance. However, further research is required to find conclusive evidence that could support a causal role of diet on school performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loukas Zagkos
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge, London, UB8 3PH, UK; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, London, W2 1PG, UK.
| | - Fotios Drenos
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge, London, UB8 3PH, UK
| | - Pauline Emmett
- Bristol Medical School: Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, 69 St Michael's Hill, Bristol, BS2 8DZ, UK
| | - Alexandra I Blakemore
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge, London, UB8 3PH, UK; Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Tanja Nordström
- Northern Finland Birth Cohorts, Infrastructure for Population Studies, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Pentti Kaiteran Katu 1, 90570, Oulu, Finland; Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, PO Box 8000, FI-90014, Oulun Yliopisto, Finland; Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Pentti Kaiteran Katu 1, 90570, Oulu, Finland
| | - Tuula Hurtig
- Research Unit of Clinical Neuroscience and PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Finland; Clinic of Child Psychiatry, Oulu University Hospital, 90230, Peltolantie 13-15, 90210, Oulu, Finland
| | - Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge, London, UB8 3PH, UK; Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, PO Box 8000, FI-90014, Oulun Yliopisto, Finland; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, London, W2 1PG, UK; Unit of Primary Health Care, Oulu University Hospital, OYS, Kajaanintie 50, 90220, Oulu, Finland
| | - Terence M Dovey
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge, London, UB8 3PH, UK
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20
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Melguizo-Ibáñez E, Zurita-Ortega F, Ubago-Jiménez JL, Badicu G, Yagin FH, González-Valero G, Ardigò LP, Puertas-Molero P. Are there differences between Mediterranean diet and the consumption of harmful substances on quality of life?-an explanatory model in secondary education regarding gender. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1283195. [PMID: 38024381 PMCID: PMC10651217 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1283195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Adolescence is a key life stage in human development. It is during this stage of development that healthy and physical behaviors are acquired that will last into adulthood. Gender differences in the acquisition of these behaviors have been observed. This research aims to (a) study the levels of Mediterranean diet adherence, quality of life and alcohol and tobacco consumption as regarding the gender of the participants and (b) study the effects of the variable adherence to the Mediterranean diet, alcohol consumption and tobacco consumption on quality of life as a function of the gender of the participants. Methods A non-experimental, cross-sectional, exploratory study was carried out in a sample of 1,057 Spanish adolescents (Average Age = 14.19; Standard Deviation = 2.87). Results The comparative analysis shows that the male teenagers shows a higher Mediterranean diet adherence compared to the male adolescents (p ≤ 0.05) and a higher consumption of alcoholic beverages (p ≤ 0.05). On the contrary, adolescent girls show a higher consumption of alcoholic beverages than male participants (p ≤ 0.05). The exploratory analysis indicates that for boys, alcohol consumption has a beneficial effect on the quality of life of adolescents (β = 0.904; p ≤ 0.001). Conclusion In this case, participants show differences in the levels of Mediterranean diet adherence, consumption of harmful substances and quality of life according to gender. Likewise, there are different effects between the variables according to gender. Therefore, gender is a key factor to consider during adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Melguizo-Ibáñez
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Corporal Expression, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Félix Zurita-Ortega
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Corporal Expression, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - José Luis Ubago-Jiménez
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Corporal Expression, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Georgian Badicu
- Department of Physical Education and Special Motricity, Faculty of Physical Education and Mountain Sports, Transilvania University of Brasov, Brasov, Romania
| | - Fatma Hilal Yagin
- Department of Biostatistics, and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya, Türkiye
| | - Gabriel González-Valero
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Corporal Expression, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Luca Paolo Ardigò
- Department of Teacher Education, NLA University College, Oslo, Norway
| | - Pilar Puertas-Molero
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Corporal Expression, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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21
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Fazlollahi A, Motlagh Asghari K, Aslan C, Noori M, Nejadghaderi SA, Araj-Khodaei M, Sullman MJM, Karamzad N, Kolahi AA, Safiri S. The effects of olive oil consumption on cognitive performance: a systematic review. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1218538. [PMID: 37885446 PMCID: PMC10598670 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1218538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The Mediterranean diet is marked by the regular intake of olive oil, which may play a role in preventing and protecting against cognitive deterioration and dementia. The strength of these effects have been examined by several recent randomized controlled trials (RCTs), but their findings have not been consistent. In light of this inconsistency, the present study performed a systematic review to examine the relationship between the consumption of olive oil and cognition. Methods The Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar were systematically searched up to August 11, 2023. The review included RCTs, cross-sectional studies, cohort studies and case-control studies that explored the impact of olive oil consumption on cognitive performance among those older than 55 years old. Studies were excluded if they employed a design other than those mentioned above, involved participants under 55 years old, or did not specifically examine the cognitive effects of olive oil consumption. The quality of the included studies were measured using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool and the Newcastle Ottawa Scale checklists. Results Eleven studies were identified, which were comprised of four cross-sectional studies, four prospective cohort studies and three RCTs. The cohort studies and RCTs consistently found that olive oil consumption had a favorable effect on cognitive performance across a number of cognitive domains over time. Similarly, all of the cross-sectional studies reported that the consumption of olive oil was positively associated with cognitive health. Conclusion The consumption of olive oil was found to enhance cognitive functioning and to reduce cognitive decline. Further large-scale investigations are required to strengthen this conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asra Fazlollahi
- Neurosciences Research Center, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Kimia Motlagh Asghari
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Research Center, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Cynthia Aslan
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Noori
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Aria Nejadghaderi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mostafa Araj-Khodaei
- Neurosciences Research Center, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mark J. M. Sullman
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus
- Department of Social Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Nahid Karamzad
- Department of Persian Medicine, School of Traditional Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali-Asghar Kolahi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeid Safiri
- Neurosciences Research Center, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Tabriz Valiasr Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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22
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Tumino S, Bognanno M, Chessari G, Tolone M, Bordonaro S, Mangano F, Marletta D, Avondo M. Polymorphisms at Candidate Genes for Fat Content and Fatty Acids Composition: Effects on Sheep Milk Production and Fatty Acid Profile Using Two Dietary Supplementations. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2533. [PMID: 37570341 PMCID: PMC10417724 DOI: 10.3390/ani13152533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The nutritional value of sheep's milk and its derivatives is influenced by the lipid fraction, which is affected by diet and genetics. This study aimed to explore the genetic variations in the DGAT1 and SCD genes and assessed the impact of the DGAT1 genotype on milk quality in Valle del Belìce sheep, considering diet supplementation with carob pulp and barley grain. Among the potentially polymorphic sites, only DGAT1 g.127 C > A and SCD g.87 C > A showed variability. The DGAT1 genotype did not significantly impact milk yield and composition, except for higher urea content in the CA genotypes than in the CC ones. Carob pulp increased the milk fat content compared to barley grain. Genetic variation in DGAT1 was associated with changes in the milk fatty acid profile; specifically, the CA genotype exhibited higher levels of short-chain fatty acids and lower levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids compared to the CC genotype. Carob pulp supplementation increased saturated fatty acids and reduced unsaturated fractions, leading to milk with higher atherogenic and thrombogenic indices. No significant interaction was found between genotype and diet. This study provides insights into the genetic and dietary factors influencing sheep's milk composition. Further research is needed to understand the impact of these genetic variations on milk production and composition, as well as to determine optimal levels of carob pulp for improving fat percentage and promoting sustainable sheep breeding practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Tumino
- Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (S.T.); (G.C.); (F.M.); (M.A.)
| | - Matteo Bognanno
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agro-Forestali e Ambientali, University of Reggio Calabria, 89100 Reggio Calabria, Italy;
| | - Giorgio Chessari
- Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (S.T.); (G.C.); (F.M.); (M.A.)
| | - Marco Tolone
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Forestali, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Salvatore Bordonaro
- Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (S.T.); (G.C.); (F.M.); (M.A.)
| | - Fabrizio Mangano
- Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (S.T.); (G.C.); (F.M.); (M.A.)
| | - Donata Marletta
- Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (S.T.); (G.C.); (F.M.); (M.A.)
| | - Marcella Avondo
- Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (S.T.); (G.C.); (F.M.); (M.A.)
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23
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McLeod A, Bernabe BP, Xia Y, Sanchez-Flack J, Lamar M, Schiffer L, Hemphill NON, Fantuzzi G, Maki P, Fitzgibbon M, Tussing-Humphreys L. Exploring the Effects of a Mediterranean Diet and Weight Loss on the Gut Microbiome and Cognitive Performance in Older, African American Obese Adults: A Post Hoc Analysis. Nutrients 2023; 15:3332. [PMID: 37571270 PMCID: PMC10420801 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
African American adults have a higher prevalence of Alzheimer's dementia (AD) than non-Hispanic Whites. The impact of a Mediterranean Diet (Med Diet) and intentional weight loss (IWL) on the gut microbiome may alter AD risk. A post hoc analysis of the Building Research in Diet and Cognition (BRIDGE) trial was performed to determine whether participation in an 8-month Med Diet lifestyle intervention with (n = 35) or without IWL (n = 31) was associated with changes in gut microbiota structure, abundance, and function and whether these changes were related to changes in cognitive performance. The results showed that family and genus alpha diversity increased significantly in both groups combined (p = 0.0075 and p = 0.024, respectively). However, there were no other significant microbially related within- or between-group changes over time. Also, an increase in Med Diet adherence was significantly associated with a decrease in alpha diversity at the phylum level only (p = 0.049). Increasing alpha diversity was associated with decreasing cognitive performance, but this association was attenuated after controlling for Med Diet adherence. In sum, an 8-month Med Diet lifestyle intervention with or without IWL did not appreciably alter the gut microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew McLeod
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (G.F.); (L.T.-H.)
- Institute for Health Research and Policy, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60608, USA; (J.S.-F.); (L.S.); (M.F.)
| | | | - Yinglin Xia
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (Y.X.); (M.L.)
| | - Jennifer Sanchez-Flack
- Institute for Health Research and Policy, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60608, USA; (J.S.-F.); (L.S.); (M.F.)
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- University of Illinois Cancer Center, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Melissa Lamar
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (Y.X.); (M.L.)
- Rush Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Rush University, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Linda Schiffer
- Institute for Health Research and Policy, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60608, USA; (J.S.-F.); (L.S.); (M.F.)
| | | | - Giamila Fantuzzi
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (G.F.); (L.T.-H.)
| | - Pauline Maki
- Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA;
| | - Marian Fitzgibbon
- Institute for Health Research and Policy, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60608, USA; (J.S.-F.); (L.S.); (M.F.)
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- University of Illinois Cancer Center, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Lisa Tussing-Humphreys
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (G.F.); (L.T.-H.)
- Institute for Health Research and Policy, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60608, USA; (J.S.-F.); (L.S.); (M.F.)
- University of Illinois Cancer Center, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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Ellouze I, Sheffler J, Nagpal R, Arjmandi B. Dietary Patterns and Alzheimer's Disease: An Updated Review Linking Nutrition to Neuroscience. Nutrients 2023; 15:3204. [PMID: 37513622 PMCID: PMC10384681 DOI: 10.3390/nu15143204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a growing concern for the aging population worldwide. With no current cure or reliable treatments available for AD, prevention is an important and growing area of research. A range of lifestyle and dietary patterns have been studied to identify the most effective preventive lifestyle changes against AD and related dementia (ADRD) pathology. Of these, the most studied dietary patterns are the Mediterranean, DASH, MIND, ketogenic, and modified Mediterranean-ketogenic diets. However, there are discrepancies in the reported benefits among studies examining these dietary patterns. We herein compile a narrative/literature review of existing clinical evidence on the association of these patterns with ADRD symptomology and contemplate their preventive/ameliorative effects on ADRD neuropathology in various clinical milieus. By and large, plant-based dietary patterns have been found to be relatively consistently and positively correlated with preventing and reducing the odds of ADRD. These impacts stem not only from the direct impact of specific dietary components within these patterns on the brain but also from indirect effects through decreasing the deleterious effects of ADRD risk factors, such as diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular diseases. Importantly, other psychosocial factors influence dietary intake, such as the social connection, which may directly influence diet and lifestyle, thereby also impacting ADRD risk. To this end, prospective research on ADRD should include a holistic approach, including psychosocial considerations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Ellouze
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, University of Jendouba, Beja 382, Tunisia;
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
| | - Julia Sheffler
- Center for Translational Behavioral Science, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA;
| | - Ravinder Nagpal
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
- Center for Advancing Exercise and Nutrition Research on Aging, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
| | - Bahram Arjmandi
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
- Center for Advancing Exercise and Nutrition Research on Aging, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
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25
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Patel PR, Armistead-Jehle P, Eltman NR, Heath KM, Cifu DX, Swanson RL. Brain Injury: How Dietary Patterns Impact Long-Term Outcomes. CURRENT PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION REPORTS 2023; 11:367-376. [PMID: 37732170 PMCID: PMC10506931 DOI: 10.1007/s40141-023-00413-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Purpose of Review Individuals with a history of traumatic brain injury (TBI) are at a much greater risk for developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) compared to the general population. This review discusses dietary patterns as a means of addressing modifiable risk factors following TBI exposure. Evidence-based resources for practicing Physiatrists and Brain Injury Medicine specialists pertaining to nutrition education and counseling are also provided. Recent Findings We examined Mediterranean, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension, plant-based, ketogenic, and intermittent fasting dietary patterns through publications of clinical trials and systematic reviews. While many reviews had significant positive findings, some were limited by generalizability. Summary While there is extensive literature on the immediate nutrition goals in the inpatient setting following an acute TBI exposure, there is limited literature discussing the nature of diet and nutrition in the post-acute setting. Fortunately, most individuals with TBI exposure survive their initial injury and continue into the recovery phase. The scientific literature supports increased morbidity and mortality with chronic TBI exposure compared to matched counterparts, most notably with CVD. A diet rich in fiber and nutrients but limited in added sugars, saturated fats, and excess calories would likely have the greatest cardiovascular and related neurologic protection. Future studies are needed to assess the specific impact of dietary interventions in the chronic phase of brain injury recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palak R. Patel
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | | | - Nicholas R. Eltman
- Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Center for Neurotrauma, Neurodegeneration, and Restoration, Philadelphia, PA USA
- Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine, Stratford, NJ USA
| | - Kelly M. Heath
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA USA
- Rehab Medicine Service, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, 3900 Woodland Avenue, Mail Stop #117, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - David X. Cifu
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, USA
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Central Virginia Veterans Health Care System, Richmond, USA
| | - Randel L. Swanson
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA USA
- Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Center for Neurotrauma, Neurodegeneration, and Restoration, Philadelphia, PA USA
- Rehab Medicine Service, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, 3900 Woodland Avenue, Mail Stop #117, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
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26
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Zhu G, Zhao J, Zhang H, Wang G, Chen W. Gut Microbiota and its Metabolites: Bridge of Dietary Nutrients and Alzheimer's Disease. Adv Nutr 2023; 14:819-839. [PMID: 37075947 PMCID: PMC10334159 DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2023.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive cognitive impairment and neuroinflammation. Recent research has revealed the crucial role of gut microbiota and microbial metabolites in modulating AD. However, the mechanisms by which the microbiome and microbial metabolites affect brain function remain poorly understood. Here, we review the literature on changes in the diversity and composition of the gut microbiome in patients with AD and in animal models of AD. We also discuss the latest progress in understanding the pathways by which the gut microbiota and microbial metabolites from the host or diet regulate AD. By understanding the effects of dietary components on brain function, microbiota composition, and microbial metabolites, we examine the potential for manipulation of the gut microbiota through dietary intervention to delay the progression of AD. Although it is challenging to translate our understanding of microbiome-based approaches to dietary guidelines or clinical therapies, these findings provide an attractive target for promoting brain function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangsu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China; College of Food Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China; (Yangzhou) Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China; (Yangzhou) Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China; National Engineering Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Gang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China; (Yangzhou) Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China; National Engineering Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
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Arora S, Santiago JA, Bernstein M, Potashkin JA. Diet and lifestyle impact the development and progression of Alzheimer's dementia. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1213223. [PMID: 37457976 PMCID: PMC10344607 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1213223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Dementia is a growing public health concern, with an estimated prevalence of 57 million adults worldwide. Alzheimer's disease (AD) accounts for 60-80% of the cases. Clinical trials testing potential drugs and neuroprotective agents have proven futile, and currently approved drugs only provide symptomatic benefits. Emerging epidemiological and clinical studies suggest that lifestyle changes, including diet and physical activity, offer an alternative therapeutic route for slowing and preventing cognitive decline and dementia. Age is the single most common risk factor for dementia, and it is associated with slowing cellular bioenergetics and metabolic processes. Therefore, a nutrient-rich diet is critical for optimal brain health. Furthermore, type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a risk factor for AD, and diets that reduce the risk of T2D may confer neuroprotection. Foods predominant in Mediterranean, MIND, and DASH diets, including fruits, leafy green vegetables, fish, nuts, and olive oil, may prevent or slow cognitive decline. The mechanisms by which these nutrients promote brain health, however, are not yet completely understood. Other dietary approaches and eating regimes, including ketogenic and intermittent fasting, are also emerging as beneficial for brain health. This review summarizes the pathophysiology, associated risk factors, and the potential neuroprotective pathways activated by several diets and eating regimes that have shown promising results in promoting brain health and preventing dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Arora
- Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Therapeutics, Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology Discipline, The Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, United States
| | | | - Melissa Bernstein
- Department of Nutrition, College of Health Professions, The Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Judith A. Potashkin
- Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases and Therapeutics, Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology Discipline, The Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, United States
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Granot-Hershkovitz E, He S, Bressler J, Yu B, Tarraf W, Rebholz CM, Cai J, Chan Q, Garcia TP, Mosley T, Kristal BS, DeCarli C, Fornage M, Chen GC, Qi Q, Kaplan R, Gonzalez HM, Sofer T. Plasma metabolites associated with cognitive function across race/ethnicities affirming the importance of healthy nutrition. Alzheimers Dement 2023; 19:1331-1342. [PMID: 36111689 PMCID: PMC10017373 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We studied the replication and generalization of previously identified metabolites potentially associated with global cognitive function in multiple race/ethnicities and assessed the contribution of diet to these associations. METHODS We tested metabolite-cognitive function associations in U.S.A. Hispanic/Latino adults (n = 2222) from the Community Health Study/ Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) and in European (n = 1365) and African (n = 478) Americans from the Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities (ARIC) Study. We applied Mendelian Randomization (MR) analyses to assess causal associations between the metabolites and cognitive function and between Mediterranean diet and cognitive function. RESULTS Six metabolites were consistently associated with lower global cognitive function across all studies. Of these, four were sugar-related (e.g., ribitol). MR analyses provided weak evidence for a potential causal effect of ribitol on cognitive function and bi-directional effects of cognitive performance on diet. DISCUSSION Several diet-related metabolites were associated with global cognitive function across studies with different race/ethnicities. HIGHLIGHTS Metabolites associated with cognitive function in Puerto Rican adults were recently identified. We demonstrate the generalizability of these associations across diverse race/ethnicities. Most identified metabolites are related to sugars. Mendelian Randomization (MR) provides weak evidence for a causal effect of ribitol on cognitive function. Beta-cryptoxanthin and other metabolites highlight the importance of a healthy diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Einat Granot-Hershkovitz
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shan He
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jan Bressler
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bing Yu
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Wassim Tarraf
- Institute of Gerontology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Casey M. Rebholz
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jianwen Cai
- Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, CA, USA
| | - Queenie Chan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Tanya P. Garcia
- Department of Neurology, School of medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Thomas Mosley
- Department of Neurology, School of medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Bruce S. Kristal
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Charles DeCarli
- Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Guo-Chong Chen
- Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qibin Qi
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle WA, USA
| | - Robert Kaplan
- Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle WA, USA
| | - Hector M. Gonzalez
- Department of Neurosciences and Shiley-Marcos Alzheimer’s Disease Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Tamar Sofer
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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The Role of Diet as a Modulator of the Inflammatory Process in the Neurological Diseases. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15061436. [PMID: 36986165 PMCID: PMC10057655 DOI: 10.3390/nu15061436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurological diseases are recognized as major causes of disability and mortality worldwide. Due to the dynamic progress of diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s Disease (PD), Schizophrenia, Depression, and Multiple Sclerosis (MD), scientists are mobilized to look for new and more effective methods of interventions. A growing body of evidence suggests that inflammatory processes and an imbalance in the composition and function of the gut microbiome, which play a critical role in the pathogenesis of various neurological diseases and dietary interventions, such as the Mediterranean diet the DASH diet, or the ketogenic diet can have beneficial effects on their course. The aim of this review was to take a closer look at the role of diet and its ingredients in modulating inflammation associated with the development and/or progression of central nervous system diseases. Presented data shows that consuming a diet abundant in fruits, vegetables, nuts, herbs, spices, and legumes that are sources of anti-inflammatory elements such as omega-3 fatty acids, polyphenols, vitamins, essential minerals, and probiotics while avoiding foods that promote inflammation, create a positive brain environment and is associated with a reduced risk of neurological diseases. Personalized nutritional interventions may constitute a non-invasive and effective strategy in combating neurological disorders.
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Godos J, Grosso G, Ferri R, Caraci F, Lanza G, Al-Qahtani WH, Caruso G, Castellano S. Mediterranean diet, mental health, cognitive status, quality of life, and successful aging in southern Italian older adults. Exp Gerontol 2023; 175:112143. [PMID: 36907474 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2023.112143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Healthy successful aging with preserved mental and cognitive health is expected to be one of the most important challenges of the growing old population globally. Studies investigating these multi-dimensional aspects of senescence are important to identify potential targets for early prevention. The aim of this study was to investigate the relation between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and mental and cognitive health, quality of life, and successful aging in middle-age and older adults living in Sicily, southern Italy. Data from a sample of 883 individuals was collected including information on food intake (through a 110-item food frequency questionnaire), sleep quality (through the Pittsburgh sleep quality index) depressive symptoms (through the Center for the Epidemiological Studies of Depression Short Form), quality of life (through the Manchester Short Assessment of Quality of Life), cognitive status (through the Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire), and overall successful aging (through the Successful Aging Index). Multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess the association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and the outcomes investigated. After adjustment for potential confounding factors, individuals in the highest quartile of adherence to the Mediterranean diet were less likely to have cognitive impairment (OR = 0.19, 95 % CI: 0.04, 0.86), depressive symptoms (OR = 0.19, 95 % CI: 0.08, 0.46) and more likely to have good quality of life (OR = 14.04, 95 % CI: 6.81, 28.93); significant results were also found for individuals in the third quartile of Mediterranean diet adherence and good sleep quality (OR = 1.65, 95 % CI: 1.03, 2.64). Moreover, individuals in the highest quartile of adherence were more likely to have a successful aging (OR = 1.65, 95 % CI: 1.01, 2.68). In conclusion, this study supports the hypothesis that adherence to the Mediterranean diet provides a positive trajectory toward a healthy successful aging, with major potential benefits toward mental and cognitive health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Godos
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Grosso
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy; Center for Human Nutrition and Mediterranean Foods (NUTREA), University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
| | - Raffaele Ferri
- Sleep Research Centre, Department of Neurology IC, Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, Troina, Italy
| | - Filippo Caraci
- Neuropharmacology and Translational Neurosciences Research Unit, Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, Troina, Italy; Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lanza
- Clinical Neurophysiology Research Unit, Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, Troina, Italy; Department of Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Wahidah H Al-Qahtani
- Department of Food Sciences & Nutrition, College of Food & Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Giuseppe Caruso
- Neuropharmacology and Translational Neurosciences Research Unit, Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, Troina, Italy; Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Sabrina Castellano
- Department of Educational Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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Maggi S, Ticinesi A, Limongi F, Noale M, Ecarnot F. The role of nutrition and the Mediterranean diet on the trajectories of cognitive decline. Exp Gerontol 2023; 173:112110. [PMID: 36720373 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2023.112110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The worldwide burden of dementia is immense, and set to increase to unprecedented levels in the coming decades, due to population aging. In the absence of disease-modifying treatment, there is therefore a strong rationale to support the assumption that acting on modifiable risk factors, especially in midlife, is a good strategy for reducing the burden of dementia. Among these risk factors, nutrition is key, as it is fundamental to healthy aging, and has interrelated benefits on a number of organ systems, metabolic processes and health states that can all contribute to modifying the risk of dementia. In this paper, we review the methodological challenges of comparing studies of dietary interventions. We then discuss the effect of genetics and the environment on brain health, and review in particular the literature data on the effect of nutrition on cognition. We summarize the body of data reporting the largely beneficial effects of the Mediterranean diet on brain health, and the possible mechanisms that mediate these effects. Finally, we discuss future perspectives for further research in the field, notably the "gut-brain axis", thought to be a key mediator of the effect of nutrition on brain health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Maggi
- National Research Council, Neuroscience Institute, Aging Branch, Padova, Italy
| | - Andrea Ticinesi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Geriatric-Rehabilitation Department, Parma University-Hospital, Parma, Italy
| | - Federica Limongi
- National Research Council, Neuroscience Institute, Aging Branch, Padova, Italy
| | - Marianna Noale
- National Research Council, Neuroscience Institute, Aging Branch, Padova, Italy
| | - Fiona Ecarnot
- University Hospital, Research Unit EA3920, University of Franche-Comté, 25000 Besançon, France.
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Andreo-López MC, Contreras-Bolívar V, Muñoz-Torres M, García-Fontana B, García-Fontana C. Influence of the Mediterranean Diet on Healthy Aging. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:4491. [PMID: 36901921 PMCID: PMC10003249 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The life expectancy of the global population has increased. Aging is a natural physiological process that poses major challenges in an increasingly long-lived and frail population. Several molecular mechanisms are involved in aging. Likewise, the gut microbiota, which is influenced by environmental factors such as diet, plays a crucial role in the modulation of these mechanisms. The Mediterranean diet, as well as the components present in it, offer some proof of this. Achieving healthy aging should be focused on the promotion of healthy lifestyle habits that reduce the development of pathologies that are associated with aging, in order to increase the quality of life of the aging population. In this review we analyze the influence of the Mediterranean diet on the molecular pathways and the microbiota associated with more favorable aging patterns, as well as its possible role as an anti-aging treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Victoria Contreras-Bolívar
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, University Hospital Clínico San Cecilio, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (Ibs. Granada), 18014 Granada, Spain
| | - Manuel Muñoz-Torres
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, University Hospital Clínico San Cecilio, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (Ibs. Granada), 18014 Granada, Spain
- CIBER on Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 18012 Granada, Spain
- Department of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Beatriz García-Fontana
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (Ibs. Granada), 18014 Granada, Spain
- CIBER on Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 18012 Granada, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Cristina García-Fontana
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, University Hospital Clínico San Cecilio, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (Ibs. Granada), 18014 Granada, Spain
- CIBER on Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 18012 Granada, Spain
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Jaqua E, Biddy E, Moore C, Browne G. The Impact of the Six Pillars of Lifestyle Medicine on Brain Health. Cureus 2023; 15:e34605. [PMID: 36883088 PMCID: PMC9985951 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.34605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Dementia is growing exponentially worldwide. Unfortunately, the treatment available does not reverse any type of cognitive impairment. As a result, healthcare professionals are focusing on other evidence-based options, such as lifestyle medicine (LM). Current evidence demonstrates improvement in neurocognitive decline by applying the six pillars of LM, which include plant-based nutrition, physical activity, stress management, avoidance of risky substances, restorative sleep, and social connections. Plant-based nutrition has a positive impact on cognition by decreasing the risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD) with high adherence to the Mediterranean-Dietary Approach to Systolic Hypertension (DASH) Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND). Physical activity also might prevent neurocognitive decline by increasing fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5) and Irisin in the hippocampus, which increases energy expenditure and prolongs endurance. Additionally, higher perceived stress in adulthood and the use of risky substances such as alcohol, nicotine, and opioids are significantly associated with developing mild cognitive impairment and all-cause dementia. Furthermore, there is a positive correlation between poor sleep and social isolation with a rapid progression in cognitive decline. Lifestyle changes have a substantial impact on brain health. Therefore, the focus should always be on prevention as the primary treatment tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ecler Jaqua
- Family Medicine, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, USA
| | - Edna Biddy
- Geriatrics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, USA
| | - Clare Moore
- Family Medicine, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, USA
| | - Genise Browne
- Family Medicine, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, USA
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Plini ERG, Melnychuk MC, Harkin A, Dahl MJ, McAuslan M, Kühn S, Boyle RT, Whelan R, Andrews R, Düzel S, Drewelies J, Wagner GG, Lindenberger U, Norman K, Robertson IH, Dockree PM. Dietary Tyrosine Intake (FFQ) Is Associated with Locus Coeruleus, Attention and Grey Matter Maintenance: An MRI Structural Study on 398 Healthy Individuals of the Berlin Aging Study-II. J Nutr Health Aging 2023; 27:1174-1187. [PMID: 38151868 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-023-2005-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE It is documented that low protein and amino-acid dietary intake is related to poorer cognitive health and increased risk of dementia. Degradation of the neuromodulatory pathways, (comprising the cholinergic, dopaminergic, serotoninergic and noradrenergic systems) is observed in neurodegenerative diseases and impairs the proper biosynthesis of key neuromodulators from micro-nutrients and amino acids. How these micro-nutrients are linked to neuromodulatory pathways in healthy adults is less studied. The Locus Coeruleus-Noradrenergic System (LC-NA) is the earliest subcortical structure affected in Alzheimer's disease, showing marked neurodegeneration, but is also sensitive for age-related changes. The LC-NA system is critical for supporting attention and cognitive control, functions that are enhanced both by tyrosine administration and chronic tyrosine intake. The purpose of this study was to 1) investigate whether the dietary intake of tyrosine, the key precursor for noradrenaline (NA), is related to LC signal intensity 2) whether LC mediates the reported association between tyrosine intake and higher cognitive performance (measured with Trail Making Test - TMT), and 3) whether LC signal intensity relates to an objective measure of brain maintenance (BrainPAD). METHODS The analyses included 398 3T MRIs of healthy participants from the Berlin Aging Study II to investigate the relationship between LC signal intensity and habitual dietary tyrosine intake-daily average (HD-Tyr-IDA - measured with Food Frequency Questionnaire - FFQ). As a control procedure, the same analyses were repeated on other main seeds of the neuromodulators' subcortical system (Dorsal and Medial Raphe, Ventral Tegmental Area and Nucleus Basalis of Meynert). In the same way, the relationships between the five nuclei and BrainPAD were tested. RESULTS Results show that HD-Tyr-IDA is positively associated with LC signal intensity. Similarly, LC disproportionally relates to better brain maintenance (BrainPAD). Mediation analyses reveal that only LC, relative to the other nuclei tested, mediates the relationship between HD-Tyr-IDA I and performance in the TMT and between HD-Tyr-IDA and BrainPAD. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide the first evidence linking tyrosine intake with LC-NA system signal intensity and its correlation with neuropsychological performance. This study strengthens the role of diet for maintaining brain and cognitive health and supports the noradrenergic theory of cognitive reserve. Within this framework, adequate tyrosine intake might increase the resilience of LC-NA system functioning, by preventing degeneration and supporting noradrenergic metabolism required for LC function and neuropsychological performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- E R G Plini
- Emanuele RG Plini, Department of Psychology, Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Lloyd Building, 42A Pearse St, 8PVX+GJ Dublin, Ireland,
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Berbegal M, Tomé M, Sánchez-SanSegundo M, Zaragoza-Martí A, Hurtado-Sánchez JA. Memory function performance in individuals classified as overweight, obese, and normal weight. Front Nutr 2022; 9:932323. [PMID: 36479300 PMCID: PMC9719908 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.932323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence accumulated to date about the relationship between cognitive impairments and adults who are overweight and obese suggests that excess weight has a great impact on memory function. Nevertheless, most of the literature has focused only on studying the influences on working memory and episodic memory. This study aimed to examine the potential associations of clinical and anthropometric measures [body mass index (BMI), WHR, body fat, visceral fat, muscle mass, and hypertension] with six memory domains, including contextual memory, short-term visual memory, short-term memory, non-verbal memory, short-term phonological memory, and working memory, in a sample of 124 individuals classified as overweight (n = 33), obese (n = 53), and normal weight (n = 38). The results obtained showed that, after controlling for employment situations, people classified as obese had poorer short-term phonological memory and working memory than those with normal weights. Bivariate correlations showed that measures of weight, BMI, waist-hip ratio index, body fat, and visceral fat were inversely associated with memory function. However, muscle mass was not a significant predictor of memory function. Higher systolic blood pressure was also associated with worse memory function. The study provides evidence of the importance of adiposity in health and memory function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Berbegal
- Department of Health Psychology, Faculty of Health Science, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Mario Tomé
- Department of Health Psychology, Faculty of Health Science, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | | | - Ana Zaragoza-Martí
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Science University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain
- Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL-FISABIO Foundation), Alicante, Spain
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Which components of the Mediterranean diet are associated with dementia? A UK Biobank cohort study. GeroScience 2022; 44:2541-2554. [PMID: 35794436 PMCID: PMC9768046 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-022-00615-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cohort studies suggest that the Mediterranean diet is associated with better global cognition in older adults, slower cognitive decline and lower risk of dementia. However, little is known about the relative contribution of each component of the Mediterranean diet to dementia risk or whether the diet's effects are due to one or more specific food components. We aimed to examine whether Mediterranean diet components are associated with all-cause dementia risk in the UK BioBank cohort. Participants joined the UK Biobank study from 2006 to 2010 and were followed until December 2020. 249,511 participants, who were at least 55 years old, without dementia at baseline were included. We used self-reported consumption of food groups, considered part of the Mediterranean diet including fruit, vegetables, processed meat, unprocessed red meat and unprocessed poultry, fish, cheese, wholegrains. Incident dementia was ascertained through electronic linkage to primary care records, hospital and mortality records or self-report. In this study with a total follow-up of 2,868,824 person-years (median 11.4), after adjusting for all covariates and other food groups, moderate fish consumption of between 2.0 and 3.9 times a week was associated with decreased risk of dementia (HR 0.84, 95%CI 0.71-0.98) compared to no consumption. Additionally, fruit consumption of between 1.0 and 1.9 servings a day was associated with reduced dementia risk (HR 0.85, 95%CI 0.74-0.99) compared to no consumption. No other Mediterranean diet components were associated with dementia risk suggesting that fish consumption may drive the beneficial effects seen from the Mediterranean diet. Further study of potential mechanisms and diet-based intervention trials are needed to establish this.
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Fu J, Tan LJ, Lee JE, Shin S. Association between the mediterranean diet and cognitive health among healthy adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Nutr 2022; 9:946361. [PMID: 35967772 PMCID: PMC9372716 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.946361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background An increasing prevalence of cognitive disorders warrants comprehensive systematic reviews on the effect of diet on cognitive health. Studies have suggested that the Mediterranean (MeDi) diet has protective effects against metabolic diseases. However, comprehensive systematic reviews on the effect of the MeDi diet on the cognitive decline are limited. We investigated whether adherence to the MeDi diet could lower the risk of the cognitive disorder or improve cognitive function in older adults. Methods In this systematic review and meta-analysis, PubMed, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Scopus, and Cochrane databases were searched from inception to June 2021. Cohort studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included. The effect sizes were estimated as log risk ratios and standard mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The Newcastle–Ottawa score and Cochrane Collaboration’s tool were used to assess the risk of bias in cohort studies and RCTs, respectively. Results Of the 1,687 screened studies, 31 cohort studies and five RCTs met the eligibility criteria for qualitative analysis; 26 cohort studies and two RCTs were included in the meta-analysis. In the cohort studies, high adherence to the MeDi diet was associated with lower risk of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) [risk ratio (RR) = 0.75 (0.66–0.86)], and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) [RR = 0.71 (0.56–0.89)]. In the RCTs, high adherence to the MeDi diet was associated with better episodic [SMD = 0.20 (0.09–0.30)] and working memories [SMD = 0.17 (0.01–0.32)] than lowest group. Conclusion Adherence to the MeDi diet may reduce the risk of MCI and AD. However, other associations with cognitive outcomes (global cognition, working memory, and episodic memory) remain open to interpretation. Overall, the MeDi diet is recommended to prevent or delay cognitive disorders and improve cognitive function. Further, long-term RCTs are warranted to strengthen the evidence. Systematic review registration [https://www.crd.york.ac.uk], identifier [CRD42021276801].
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialei Fu
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Li-Juan Tan
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jung Eun Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sangah Shin
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
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Wagner M, Grodstein F. Patterns of lifestyle behaviours from mid- through later-life in relation to exceptional episodic memory performance in older women: the Nurses' Health Study. Age Ageing 2022; 51:afac102. [PMID: 35536880 PMCID: PMC9089826 DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afac102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES to model and compare patterns from mid- to late-life of body mass index (BMI), alternate Mediterranean diet (A-MeDi) and physical activity, between women with exceptional episodic memory over age 80 and cognitively average controls. Our goal was to examine if lifestyle risk factors in early adulthood may be identified which promote exceptional memory status later in life. METHODS a case-control sample nested within the Nurses' Health Study (initiated in 1976), including 7,557 cognitively healthy participants who survived to age 80 and had a cognitive assessment at 80-87 years. We defined women with exceptional memory (n = 455) as those with a composite score of episodic memory ≥1.5 standard deviation above the mean. Then, we selected 2,275 cognitively average controls with a score within 1 standard deviation of the mean, matched by age and education. Patterns of BMI, A-MeDi and physical activity at 52-62 through age 82 years were estimated between groups using latent process mixed models. RESULTS In midlife, women with exceptional episodic memory had similar BMI (mean difference [MD] = -0.07 kg/m2 [95% confidence intervals {CI}:-0.41; 0.26]) but better adherence to A-MeDi (MD = +0.25 points [0.08; 0.43]) and more physical activity (MD = +3.50 metabolic-equivalent h/week [1.97; 5.09]) than controls. However, with ageing, both groups had similar patterns; both initially gained and later lost weight, had less activity and declining diet quality (all group-by-time interactions P > 0.07). CONCLUSIONS our findings suggest that lifestyle factors differ primarily at earlier ages for those with exceptional versus average episodic memory, thus lifestyle may be most important in earlier life to preserve high levels of memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maude Wagner
- RUSH Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Francine Grodstein
- RUSH Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
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To J, Shao ZY, Gandawidjaja M, Tabibi T, Grysman N, Grossberg GT. Comparison of the Impact of the Mediterranean Diet, Anti-Inflammatory Diet, Seventh-Day Adventist Diet, and Ketogenic Diet Relative to Cognition and Cognitive Decline. Curr Nutr Rep 2022; 11:161-171. [PMID: 35347664 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-022-00407-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Increasing evidence points toward the importance of diet and its impact on cognitive decline. This review seeks to clarify the impact of four diets on cognition: the Mediterranean diet, the anti-inflammatory diet, the Seventh Day Adventist diet, and the Ketogenic diet. RECENT FINDINGS Of the diets reviewed, the Mediterranean diet provides the strongest evidence for efficacy. Studies regarding the anti-inflammatory diet and Seventh Day Adventist diet are sparse, heterogeneous in quality and outcome measurements, providing limited reliable data. There is also minimal research confirming the cognitive benefits of the Ketogenic diet. Increasing evidence supports the use of the Mediterranean diet to reduce cognitive decline. The MIND-diet, a combination of the Mediterranean and DASH diets, seems especially promising, likely due to its anti-inflammatory properties. The Ketogenic diet may also have potential efficacy; however, adherence in older populations may be difficult given frequent adverse effects. Future research should focus on long-term, well-controlled studies confirming the impact of various diets, as well as the combination of diets and lifestyle modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer To
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1438 South Grand Blvd, St. Louis, MO, 63104, USA
| | - Zi Yi Shao
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1438 South Grand Blvd, St. Louis, MO, 63104, USA
| | - Monique Gandawidjaja
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1438 South Grand Blvd, St. Louis, MO, 63104, USA
| | - Tara Tabibi
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1438 South Grand Blvd, St. Louis, MO, 63104, USA
| | - Noam Grysman
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1438 South Grand Blvd, St. Louis, MO, 63104, USA.
| | - George T Grossberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1438 South Grand Blvd, St. Louis, MO, 63104, USA
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Pitrou I, Vasiliadis HM, Hudon C. Body mass index and cognitive decline among community-living older adults: the modifying effect of physical activity. Eur Rev Aging Phys Act 2022; 19:3. [PMID: 35033022 PMCID: PMC8903608 DOI: 10.1186/s11556-022-00284-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To examine the associations between BMI categories and subsequent 3-year cognitive decline among older adults, and to test whether physical activity modifies the associations. Methods Study sample included n = 1028 cognitively unimpaired older adults participating in the Étude sur la Santé des Aînés (ESA)-Services longitudinal study and followed 3 years later. Cognitive decline was defined as a decrease of > 3 points in MMSE scores between baseline and follow-up. BMI categories (normal weight (reference), underweight, overweight, obese) were derived from self-reported weight and height. Moderate to vigorous physical activity of ≥20 min (# of times per week) was self-reported. The presence of chronic disorders was ascertained from administrative and self-reported data. Logistic regression analyses were used to study the risk of cognitive decline associated with BMI categories stratified by weekly physical activity (≥140 min), the presence of metabolic, cardiovascular and anxio-depressive disorders. Results In the overall sample, there was no evidence that underweight, overweight, or obesity, as compared to normal weight, was associated with cognitive decline, after adjusting for sociodemographic, lifestyle factors, and comorbidities. Individuals with overweight reporting high physical activity had lower odds of cognitive decline (OR = 0.25, 95% CI = 0.07–0.89), whereas no association was observed in individuals with overweight reporting low physical activity (OR = 0.85, 95% CI = 0.41–1.75). Among participants with metabolic and cardiovascular disorders, individuals with overweight reporting high physical activity had lower odds of cognitive decline (OR = 0.09, 95% CI = 0.01–0.59 and OR = 0.03, 95% CI = 0.01–0.92 respectively), whereas no association was observed in those with low physical activity. Conclusion Physical activity modifies the association between overweight and cognitive decline in older adults overall, as in those with metabolic and cardiovascular disorders. Results highlight the importance of promoting and encouraging regular physical activity in older adults with overweight as prevention against cognitive decline. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s11556-022-00284-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Pitrou
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Charles-Le Moyne Research Center (CRCLM), 150 Place Charles-Le Moyne, Longueuil, QC, J4K 0A8, Canada.
| | - Helen-Maria Vasiliadis
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Charles-Le Moyne Research Center (CRCLM), 150 Place Charles-Le Moyne, Longueuil, QC, J4K 0A8, Canada
| | - Carol Hudon
- School of Psychology, Université Laval, CERVO Brain Research Center, 2601 chemin de la Canardière (F-2400), Québec, QC, G1J 2G3, Canada
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Metabolic Syndrome, Cognitive Impairment and the Role of Diet: A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14020333. [PMID: 35057514 PMCID: PMC8780484 DOI: 10.3390/nu14020333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: This narrative review presents the association between metabolic syndrome (MetS), along with its components, and cognition-related disorders, as well as the potential reversal role of diet against cognitive impairment by modulating MetS. Methods: An electronic research in Medline (Pubmed) and Scopus was conducted. Results: MetS and cognitive decline share common cardiometabolic pathways as MetS components can trigger cognitive impairment. On the other side, the risk factors for both MetS and cognitive impairment can be reduced by optimizing the nutritional intake. Clinical manifestations such as dyslipidemia, hypertension, diabetes and increased central body adiposity are nutrition-related risk factors present during the prodromal period before cognitive impairment. The Mediterranean dietary pattern stands among the most discussed predominantly plant-based diets in relation to cardiometabolic disorders that may prevent dementia, Alzheimer’s disease and other cognition-related disorders. In addition, accumulating evidence suggests that the consumption of specific dietary food groups as a part of the overall diet can improve cognitive outcomes, maybe due to their involvement in cardiometabolic paths. Conclusions: Early MetS detection may be helpful to prevent or delay cognitive decline. Moreover, this review highlights the importance of healthy nutritional habits to reverse such conditions and the urgency of early lifestyle interventions.
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Nishi SK, Babio N, Gómez-Martínez C, Martínez-González MÁ, Ros E, Corella D, Castañer O, Martínez JA, Alonso-Gómez ÁM, Wärnberg J, Vioque J, Romaguera D, López-Miranda J, Estruch R, Tinahones FJ, Lapetra J, Serra-Majem JL, Bueno-Cavanillas A, Tur JA, Martín Sánchez V, Pintó X, Delgado-Rodríguez M, Matía-Martín P, Vidal J, Vázquez C, Daimiel L, Razquin C, Coltell O, Becerra-Tomás N, De La Torre Fornell R, Abete I, Sorto-Sanchez C, Barón-López FJ, Signes-Pastor AJ, Konieczna J, Garcia-Rios A, Casas R, Gomez-Perez AM, Santos-Lozano JM, García-Arellano A, Guillem-Saiz P, Ni J, Trinidad Soria-Florido M, Zulet MÁ, Vaquero-Luna J, Toledo E, Fitó M, Salas-Salvadó J. Mediterranean, DASH, and MIND Dietary Patterns and Cognitive Function: The 2-Year Longitudinal Changes in an Older Spanish Cohort. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:782067. [PMID: 34966270 PMCID: PMC8710807 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.782067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims: Plant-forward dietary patterns have been associated with cardiometabolic health benefits, which, in turn, have been related to cognitive performance with inconsistent findings. The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between baseline adherence to three a priori dietary patterns (Mediterranean, DASH, and MIND diets) with 2-year changes in cognitive performance in older adults with overweight or obesity and high cardiovascular disease risk. Methods: A prospective cohort analysis was conducted within the PREDIMED-Plus trial, involving 6,647 men and women aged 55-75 years with overweight or obesity and metabolic syndrome. Using a validated, semiquantitative 143-item food frequency questionnaire completed at baseline, the dietary pattern adherence scores were calculated. An extensive neuropsychological test battery was administered at baseline and 2-year follow-up. Multivariable-adjusted linear regression models were used to assess associations between 2-year changes in cognitive function z-scores across tertiles of baseline adherence to the a priori dietary patterns. Results: Adherence to the Mediterranean diet at baseline was associated with 2-year changes in the general cognitive screening Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE, β: 0.070; 95% CI: 0.014, 0.175, P-trend = 0.011), and two executive function-related assessments: the Trail Making Tests Part A (TMT-A, β: -0.054; 95% CI: -0.110, - 0.002, P-trend = 0.047) and Part B (TMT-B, β: -0.079; 95% CI: -0.134, -0.024, P-trend = 0.004). Adherence to the MIND diet was associated with the backward recall Digit Span Test assessment of working memory (DST-B, β: 0.058; 95% CI: 0.002, 0.114, P-trend = 0.045). However, higher adherence to the DASH dietary pattern was not associated with better cognitive function over a period of 2 years. Conclusion: In older Spanish individuals with overweight or obesity and at high cardiovascular disease risk, higher baseline adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern may be associated with better cognitive performance than lower adherence over a period of 2 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie K. Nishi
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, and Hospital Universitari San Joan de Reus, Unitat de Nutrició Humana, Reus, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitária Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Toronto 3D (Diet, Digestive Tract and Disease) Knowledge Synthesis and Clinical Trials Unit, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Centre, St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nancy Babio
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, and Hospital Universitari San Joan de Reus, Unitat de Nutrició Humana, Reus, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitária Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Nutrition Unit, University Hospital of Sant Joan de Reus, Reus, Spain
| | - Carlos Gómez-Martínez
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, and Hospital Universitari San Joan de Reus, Unitat de Nutrició Humana, Reus, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitária Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Martínez-González
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Emilio Ros
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Lipid Clinic, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dolores Corella
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Olga Castañer
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Unit of Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, Institut Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas Municipal d’Investigació Médica (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - J. Alfredo Martínez
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences, and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
- Precision Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health Program, IMDEA Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángel M. Alonso-Gómez
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Bioaraba Health Research Institute, Cardiovascular, Respiratory and Metabolic Area, Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Araba University Hospital, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Julia Wärnberg
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- EpiPHAAN Research Group, School of Health Sciences, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Jesús Vioque
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández (ISABIAL-UMH), Alicante, Spain
| | - Dora Romaguera
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - José López-Miranda
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Ramon Estruch
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institut d’Investigacions Biomédiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Tinahones
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology, Virgen de la Victoria Hospital, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - José Lapetra
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Family Medicine, Research Unit, Distrito Sanitario Atención Primaria Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - J. Luís Serra-Majem
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria and Centro Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno Infantil (CHUIMI), Canarian Health Service, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Aurora Bueno-Cavanillas
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs, GRANADA, Granada, Spain
| | - Josep A. Tur
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Vicente Martín Sánchez
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, León, Spain
| | - Xavier Pintó
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Lipids and Vascular Risk Unit, Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel Delgado-Rodríguez
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Pilar Matía-Martín
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Josep Vidal
- CIBER Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology, Institut d’ Investigacions Biomédiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Clotilde Vázquez
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Fundación Jimenez Díaz, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas IISFJD, University Autonoma, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lidia Daimiel
- Nutritional Control of the Epigenome Group, Precision Nutrition and Obesity Program, IMDEA Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Razquin
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Oscar Coltell
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Computer Languages and Systems, Universitat Jaume I, Castellon, Spain
| | - Nerea Becerra-Tomás
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, and Hospital Universitari San Joan de Reus, Unitat de Nutrició Humana, Reus, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitária Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael De La Torre Fornell
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Integrative Pharmacology and Systems Neurosciences, Instituto Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Itziar Abete
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences, and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Carolina Sorto-Sanchez
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Bioaraba Health Research Institute, Cardiovascular, Respiratory and Metabolic Area, Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Araba University Hospital, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Barón-López
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- EpiPHAAN Research Group, School of Health Sciences, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Antonio José Signes-Pastor
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández (ISABIAL-UMH), Alicante, Spain
| | - Jadwiga Konieczna
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Antonio Garcia-Rios
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Rosa Casas
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institut d’Investigacions Biomédiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Maria Gomez-Perez
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology, Virgen de la Victoria Hospital, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - José Manuel Santos-Lozano
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Family Medicine, Research Unit, Distrito Sanitario Atención Primaria Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Ana García-Arellano
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology, Virgen de la Victoria Hospital, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Patricia Guillem-Saiz
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jiaqi Ni
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, and Hospital Universitari San Joan de Reus, Unitat de Nutrició Humana, Reus, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitária Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - M. Ángeles Zulet
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences, and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jessica Vaquero-Luna
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Bioaraba Health Research Institute, Cardiovascular, Respiratory and Metabolic Area, Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Araba University Hospital, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Estefanía Toledo
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Fitó
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Unit of Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, Institut Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas Municipal d’Investigació Médica (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Salas-Salvadó
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, and Hospital Universitari San Joan de Reus, Unitat de Nutrició Humana, Reus, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitária Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain
- Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Nutrition Unit, University Hospital of Sant Joan de Reus, Reus, Spain
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Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and Its Association with the Level of Physical Activity in Fitness Center Users: Croatian-Based Study. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13114038. [PMID: 34836293 PMCID: PMC8625296 DOI: 10.3390/nu13114038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet (MD) is based on the traditional cuisine of south European countries, and it is considered one of the healthiest dietary patterns worldwide. The promotion of combined MD and physical activity has shown major benefits. However, the association between physical activity and the MD in regular fitness center users is still insufficiently investigated. This cross-sectional survey-based study was conducted on 1220 fitness center users in Croatia. The survey consisted of three parts: general information, the Mediterranean Diet Serving Score (MDSS) and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form (IPAQ-SF). The results showed that 18.6% of fitness center users were adherent to the MD, and there was a significant positive correlation between the level of physical activity and the MDSS score (r = 0.302, p < 0.001). Moreover, after dividing the sample into tertiles based on the IPAQ-SF score, the third tertile (MET > 3150 min/wk) had the most fitness center users (34.4%) adherent to the MD, while the first tertile (MET < 1750 min/wk) had the least (6.1%). These outcomes emphasize the importance of physical activity as they imply that, with higher levels of physical activity, people are also possibly more aware of the importance that a healthy and balanced diet has on their well-being.
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Amiot MJ, Latgé C, Plumey L, Raynal S. Intake Estimation of Phytochemicals in a French Well-Balanced Diet. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13103628. [PMID: 34684628 PMCID: PMC8539512 DOI: 10.3390/nu13103628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytochemicals contribute to the health benefits of plant-rich diets, notably through their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. However, recommended daily amounts of the main dietary phytochemicals remain undetermined. We aimed to estimate the amounts of phytochemicals in a well-balanced diet. A modelled diet was created, containing dietary reference intakes for adults in France. Two one-week menus (summer and winter) were devised to reflect typical intakes of plant-based foods. Existing databases were used to estimate daily phytochemical content for seven phytochemical families: phenolic acids, flavonoids (except anthocyanins), anthocyanins, tannins, organosulfur compounds, carotenoids, and caffeine. The summer and winter menus provided 1607 and 1441 mg/day, respectively, of total polyphenols (phenolic acids, flavonoids, anthocyanins, and tannins), the difference being driven by reduced anthocyanin intake in winter. Phenolic acids, flavonoids (including anthocyanins), and tannins accounted for approximately 50%, 25%, and 25% of total polyphenols, respectively. Dietary carotenoid and organosulfur compound content was estimated to be approximately 17 and 70 mg/day, respectively, in both seasons. Finally, both menus provided approximately 110 mg/day of caffeine, exclusively from tea and coffee. Our work supports ongoing efforts to define phytochemical insufficiency states that may occur in individuals with unbalanced diets and related disease risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Josèphe Amiot
- INRAE, MoISA, University of Montpellier, CIHEAM-IAMM, CIRAD, Institut Agro-Montpellier SupAgro, IRD, Campus La Gaillarde, 2 Place Pierre Viala, 34000 Montpellier, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-(0)4-99-61-22-16
| | - Christian Latgé
- Pierre Fabre Laboratories, Langlade-3 Avenue Hubert Curien-BP 13 562, CEDEX 1, 31035 Toulouse, France;
| | - Laurence Plumey
- NUTRITION CO&CO, 11 Avenue des Vignes, 92210 St Cloud, France;
| | - Sylvie Raynal
- Naturactive, Pierre Fabre Laboratories, 29 Avenue du Sidobre, 81106 Castres, France;
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Fan Y, Zhang Y, Li J, Liu Y, Chang H, Jiang Y, Tuo X, Zhou L, Yu Y. Association between healthy eating index-2015 and various cognitive domains in US adults aged 60 years or older: the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2014. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1862. [PMID: 34654401 PMCID: PMC8520277 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11914-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diet, as a modifiable factor, plays an important role in cognitive function. However, the association between adherence to the 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA), measured by Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015, and cognitive function remains unclear. This study aims to explore whether HEI-2015 is associated with various cognitive domains and whether such association is modified by age, gender, or ethnicity in the US adults aged 60 years or older using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2014. METHODS HEI-2015 scores were calculated from 24-h dietary recall interviews. Cognitive function was evaluated by Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST, a measure of processing speed), Animal Fluency Test (AFT, a measure of executive function), a subtest from Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's disease (CERAD, a measure of memory), and a composite-z score calculated by summing z scores of individual tests. The associations between HEI-2015 scores and cognitive performance were explored using multiple linear regression models. RESULTS A total of 2450 participants aged 60 years or older were included. Participants with higher HEI-2015 scores were more likely to have higher DSST, AFT as well as composite-z scores (P<0.05). Significant interaction effects were identified between HEI-2015 and ethnicity in specific cognitive domains (Pinteraction<0.05). Among HEI-2015 components, higher intakes of whole fruits and seafood and plant protein were associated with better cognitive performance (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Higher adherence to DGA is associated with better cognitive performance, especially regarding processing speed and executive function among the US adults aged 60 years or older.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yameng Fan
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 76 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinyin Zhang
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 76 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaqiao Li
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 76 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Yamei Liu
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 76 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan Chang
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 76 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Yude Jiang
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 76 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingxia Tuo
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 76 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Long Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
| | - Yan Yu
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 76 West Yanta Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, People's Republic of China.
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Unusual Bioactive Compounds with Antioxidant Properties in Adjuvant Therapy Supporting Cognition Impairment in Age-Related Neurodegenerative Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910707. [PMID: 34639048 PMCID: PMC8509433 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive function decline is strictly related to age, resulting in the loss of the ability to perform daily behaviors and is a fundamental clinical neurodegeneration symptom. It has been proven that an adequate diet, comprehensive nutrition, and a healthy lifestyle may significantly inhibit neurodegenerative processes, improving cognitive functions. Therefore, intensive research has been conducted on cognitive-enhancing treatment for many years, especially with substances of natural origin. There are several intervention programs aimed at improving cognitive functions in elderly adults. Cognitive functions depend on body weight, food consumed daily, the quality of the intestinal microflora, and the supplements used. The effectiveness in the prevention of dementia is particularly high before the onset of the first symptoms. The impact of diet and nutrition on age-associated cognitive decline is becoming a growing field as a vital factor that may be easily modified, and the effects may be observed on an ongoing basis. The paper presents a review of the latest preclinical and clinical studies on the influence of natural antioxidants on cognitive functions, with particular emphasis on neurodegenerative diseases. Nevertheless, despite the promising research results in animal models, the clinical application of natural compounds will only be possible after solving a few challenges.
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Cansino S, Torres-Trejo F, Estrada-Manilla C, Flores-Mendoza A, Ramírez-Pérez G, Ruiz-Velasco S. Influence of Dietary Nutrient Intake on Episodic Memory Across the Adult Life Span. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:724595. [PMID: 34526891 PMCID: PMC8435902 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.724595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to identify nutrients that have the ability to impact brain functioning and, as a consequence, influence episodic memory. In particular, we examined recollection, the ability to recall details of previous experiences, which is the episodic memory process most affected as age advances. A sample of 1,550 healthy participants between 21 and 80 years old participated in the study. Nutritional intake was examined through a food frequency questionnaire and software developed to determine the daily consumption of 64 nutrients based on food intake during the last year. Recollection was measured through a computerized source memory paradigm. First, we identified which nutrients influence recollection across the entire adult life span. Then, moderator analyses were conducted by dividing the sample into young (21–40 years old), middle-aged (41–60 years old) and older (61–80 years old) adults to establish in which life stage nutrients influence episodic memory. Across the adult life span, recollection accuracy was shown to benefit from the intake of sodium, heme, vitamin E, niacin, vitamin B6, cholesterol, alcohol, fat, protein, and palmitic, stearic, palmitoleic, oleic, gadoleic, alpha-linoleic and linoleic acid. The effects of energy, maltose, lactose, calcium and several saturated fatty acids on recollection were modulated by age; in older adults, the consumption of these nutrients negatively influenced episodic memory performance, and in middle-aged adults, only lactose had negative effects. Several brain mechanisms that support episodic memory were influenced by specific nutrients, demonstrating the ability of food to enhance or deteriorate episodic memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selene Cansino
- Laboratory of NeuroCognition, Faculty of Psychology, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Frine Torres-Trejo
- Laboratory of NeuroCognition, Faculty of Psychology, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Cinthya Estrada-Manilla
- Laboratory of NeuroCognition, Faculty of Psychology, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Adriana Flores-Mendoza
- Laboratory of NeuroCognition, Faculty of Psychology, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gerardo Ramírez-Pérez
- Laboratory of NeuroCognition, Faculty of Psychology, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Silvia Ruiz-Velasco
- Applied Mathematics and Systems Research Institute, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
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Association between Diet Quality and Sarcopenia in Older Adults: Systematic Review of Prospective Cohort Studies. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11080811. [PMID: 34440555 PMCID: PMC8399213 DOI: 10.3390/life11080811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Nutrition is a key determinant of sarcopenia in later life. (2) Methods: A systematic review of prospective cohort studies examining association of diet quality with muscle mass (MM), muscle strength (MS) or physical performance (PP) among older adults was conducted. A total of 22,885 results were obtained from a literature search in MEDLINE via PubMed and EMBASE up to November 2020. Inclusion criteria included diet quality assessment via dietary indices or statistical approaches, a sample of adults aged 45 years and over at baseline in a longitudinal study design. (3) Results: Of the 22,885 cohort studies, 14 studies were eligible. Meaningful results were obtained for the Mediterranean diet and Nordic diet regarding the decrease of sarcopenia risk, however results from non-European countries were inconsistent. In addition, due to the insufficient number of studies on Japanese Food Guide Spinning Top (JFG-ST), dietary variety score (DVS), and dietary quality index-international (DQI-I), effectiveness was difficult to prove. Studies using factor analysis to examine dietary patterns suggested that the risk of sarcopenia is increased with a high in saturated fat diet such as westernized pattern etc. (4) Conclusion: In this systematic review it was found that various diet qualities are meaningful to a decreased risk of sarcopenia.
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Białecka-Dębek A, Granda D, Szmidt MK, Zielińska D. Gut Microbiota, Probiotic Interventions, and Cognitive Function in the Elderly: A Review of Current Knowledge. Nutrients 2021; 13:2514. [PMID: 34444674 PMCID: PMC8401879 DOI: 10.3390/nu13082514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Changes in the composition and proportions of the gut microbiota may be associated with numerous diseases, including cognitive impairment. Over the recent years, the growing interest in this relation is observed, but there are still many unknowns, especially in the elderly. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work that synthesizes and critically evaluates existing evidence on the possible association between human gut microbiota and cognitive function in the elderly. For this purpose, comprehensive literature searches were conducted using the electronic databases PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect. The gut microbiota of cognitively healthy and impaired elderly people may differ in the diversity and abundance of individual taxes, but specific taxes cannot be identified. However, some tendencies to changing the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio can be identified. Currently, clinical trials involving probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics supplementation have shown that there are premises for the claim that these factors can improve cognitive functions, however there is no single intervention beneficial to the elderly population. More reliable evidence from large-scale, long-period RCT is needed. Despite proposing several potential mechanisms of the gut microbiota's influence on the cognitive function impairment, prospective research on this topic is extremely difficult to conduct due to numerous confounding factors that may affect the gut microbiota. Heterogeneity of research outcomes impairs insight into these relations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Białecka-Dębek
- Department of Human Nutrition, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159c, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (D.G.); (M.K.S.)
| | - Dominika Granda
- Department of Human Nutrition, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159c, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (D.G.); (M.K.S.)
| | - Maria Karolina Szmidt
- Department of Human Nutrition, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159c, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (D.G.); (M.K.S.)
| | - Dorota Zielińska
- Department of Food Gastronomy and Food Hygiene, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159c, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland;
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Bramorska A, Zarzycka W, Podolecka W, Kuc K, Brzezicka A. Age-Related Cognitive Decline May Be Moderated by Frequency of Specific Food Products Consumption. Nutrients 2021; 13:2504. [PMID: 34444664 PMCID: PMC8399560 DOI: 10.3390/nu13082504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Our study aimed to evaluate whether the type of food products and the frequency of their consumption are associated with cognitive functioning in younger and older adults. The impact of diets that are high in added sugars and saturated fat on cognitive functioning, especially on memory, was at the center of our interest. Participants in the study were 204 healthy adults (aged 20-55) who performed a multitasking cognitive test and completed dietary and psychological questionnaires. Stepwise regression analysis with age and food consumption patterns as predictors, and the cognitive task performance as a dependent variable, revealed that cognitive task performance worsened with age. However, we found that the frequency of consuming different types of foods (healthy versus unhealthy dietary patterns) moderates the effects of age on cognitive functioning. Red meat and animal fat consumption were negatively correlated with cognitive performance, and this relation was dependent on the age of our participants. Conversely, white meat and fish consumption were positively related to memory. Different indices of dietary patterns (both positive and negative) were stronger predictors of cognitive performance in the older adult group. We interpret our results as evidence that diet may be a protective (or worsening) factor in age-related cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Bramorska
- SWPS Institute of Psychology, University of Social Sciences and Humanities, 03-815 Warsaw, Poland; (W.Z.); (W.P.); (K.K.); (A.B.)
- Faculty of Information Technology, Polish-Japanese Academy of Information Technology, 02-008 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wanda Zarzycka
- SWPS Institute of Psychology, University of Social Sciences and Humanities, 03-815 Warsaw, Poland; (W.Z.); (W.P.); (K.K.); (A.B.)
| | - Wiktoria Podolecka
- SWPS Institute of Psychology, University of Social Sciences and Humanities, 03-815 Warsaw, Poland; (W.Z.); (W.P.); (K.K.); (A.B.)
| | - Katarzyna Kuc
- SWPS Institute of Psychology, University of Social Sciences and Humanities, 03-815 Warsaw, Poland; (W.Z.); (W.P.); (K.K.); (A.B.)
| | - Aneta Brzezicka
- SWPS Institute of Psychology, University of Social Sciences and Humanities, 03-815 Warsaw, Poland; (W.Z.); (W.P.); (K.K.); (A.B.)
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