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Santi D, Greco C, Barbonetti A, Simoni M, Maggi M, Corona G. Weight Loss as Therapeutic Option to Restore Fertility in Obese Men: A Meta-Analytic Study. World J Mens Health 2024; 42:42.e74. [PMID: 39344112 DOI: 10.5534/wjmh.240091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Weight loss has been shown to significantly elevate testosterone serum levels, though the impact on semen analysis parameters and fertility remains incompletely understood. The objective of this study was to examine the influence of body weight loss on semen parameters in obese men. MATERIALS AND METHODS A meta-analysis was performed that included clinical trials in which a semen analysis before and after weight loss was evaluated. All strategies potentially available for weight loss were considered eligible. The primary outcome was the comparison of conventional semen analysis parameters before and after weight loss. RESULTS Twelve studies were considered including 345 subjects (mean age 37.6±7.9 years; mean baseline body mass index 45.4±6.0 kg/m²). Weight loss resulted in a significant increase of sperm concentration (effect size 0.495, standard error 0.251 [0.003, 0.986], p=0.049) and progressive motility (effect size 0.567, standard error 0.372 [0.370, 0.764], p<0.001). Moreover, a significant decrease of sperm DNA fragmentation index after weight loss (effect size -0.689, standard error 0.278 [-1.123, -0.255], p=0.002) was observed. CONCLUSIONS This meta-analytic analysis confirmed that body weight loss may improve qualitative and quantitative sperm characteristics providing evidence for suggesting weight loss to male partners with obesity and semen analysis alteration in couples attempting conception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Santi
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Medical Specialties, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Modena, Modena, Italy
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
| | - Carla Greco
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Medical Specialties, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Modena, Modena, Italy
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Arcangelo Barbonetti
- Andrology Unit, Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Manuela Simoni
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Medical Specialties, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Modena, Modena, Italy
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Mario Maggi
- Endocrinology Unit, Mario Serio Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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Sam-Yellowe TY. Nutritional Barriers to the Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet in Non-Mediterranean Populations. Foods 2024; 13:1750. [PMID: 38890978 PMCID: PMC11171913 DOI: 10.3390/foods13111750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Adherence to the Mediterranean diet has been shown to lower the risk of developing chronic non-communicable diseases like cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. Improvements in depression, participation in daily activities in older individuals, weight loss and a reduction in adverse pregnancy outcomes are associated with adherence to the Mediterranean diet. The number of studies that have evaluated barriers to adherence to the Mediterranean diet in the US and, in particular, in racial and ethnic minority populations within the US are few. Among Native American and Alaskan Native populations, studies evaluating traditional or alternative Mediterranean diet adherence for chronic non-infectious diseases is unavailable. Mediterranean diet scoring instruments used in studies in European and Mediterranean countries and among white participants in the US fail to capture the dietary patterns of racial and ethnic minority populations. In this narrative review, the food components of the traditional Mediterranean diet are discussed, adherence to the Mediterranean diet is examined in Mediterranean and non-Mediterranean countries and barriers preventing adherence to the Mediterranean diet in the US and among racial and ethnic minority populations is reviewed. Recommendations for improving nutrition education and intervention and for increasing adherence and cultural adaptions to the Mediterranean diet are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobili Y. Sam-Yellowe
- Graduate College, Canisius University, 2001 Main Street, Buffalo, NY 14208-1098, USA;
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, Cleveland State University, 2121 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44115, USA
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3
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Saber N, Teymoori F, Kazemi Jahromi M, Mokhtari E, Norouzzadeh M, Farhadnejad H, Mirmiran P, Azizi F. From adolescence to adulthood: Mediterranean diet adherence and cardiometabolic health in a prospective cohort study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2024; 34:893-902. [PMID: 38220509 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2023.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Recent investigations suggest that specific dietary patterns during adolescence may predict cardiometabolic complications later in life. In this study, we aimed to examine the association between Mediterranean diet score (MDS) during adolescence and cardiometabolic outcomes when participants reached adulthood. METHODS AND RESULTS This cohort study was conducted on 668 subjects, aged 10-19 years, in framework of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study. The MDS was determined based on eight components using a validated food-frequency questionnaire. Anthropometric measurements, fasting blood glucose (FBG), and lipid profile data were measured both at baseline and after a 6.8 ± 2.9-year follow-up. Using multivariable linear regression, we explored the association between MDS and changes in cardiometabolic risk factors. Moreover, multivariable-adjusted cox proportional hazard regression was used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) for cardiometabolic complications across MDS tertiles. The mean ± SD age of participants (43.5 % men) was 15.8 ± 2.47 years. The mean ± SD of MDS was 4.03 ± 1.56, with a median of 4.00 among all participants. Higher MDS was inversely associated with 6.8-year changes in waist circumference (WC), FBG, total cholesterol (TC), and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (Ptrend<0.05). Based on the HR analysis, after controlling for potential confounders, individuals in the highest tertile of MDS had a significantly lower risk of high-TC(HR = 0.36,95%CI:0.18-0.74,Ptrend = 0.004) compared to those in the lowest tertile. However, no significant association was observed between MDS and other cardiometabolic risk factors. CONCLUSIONS Greater adolescent adherence to a Mediterranean-type diet was associated with favorable cardiometabolic factors in adulthood, including improving the levels of WC, FBG, TC, as well as reduced risk of high-TC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloufar Saber
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farshad Teymoori
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mitra Kazemi Jahromi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Mokhtari
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Norouzzadeh
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Farhadnejad
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Parvin Mirmiran
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Fereidoun Azizi
- Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Taylor RM, Haslam RL, Herbert J, Whatnall MC, Trijsburg L, de Vries JHM, Josefsson MS, Koochek A, Nowicka P, Neuman N, Clarke ED, Burrows TL, Collins CE. Diet quality and cardiovascular outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. Nutr Diet 2024; 81:35-50. [PMID: 38129766 DOI: 10.1111/1747-0080.12860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate relationships between diet quality and cardiovascular outcomes. METHODS Six databases were searched for studies published between January 2007 and October 2021. Eligible studies included cohort studies that assessed the relationship between a priori diet quality and cardiovascular disease mortality and morbidity in adults. The Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Checklist was used to assess the risk of bias. Study characteristics and outcomes were extracted from eligible studies using standardised processes. Data were summarised using risk ratios for cardiovascular disease incidence and mortality with difference compared for highest versus lowest diet quality synthesised in meta-analyses using a random effects model. RESULTS Of the 4780 studies identified, 159 studies (n = 6 272 676 adults) were included. Meta-analyses identified a significantly lower cardiovascular disease incidence (n = 42 studies, relative risk 0.83, 95% CI 0.82-0.84, p < 0.001) and mortality risk (n = 49 studies, relative risk 0.83, 95% CI 0.82-0.84, p < 0.001) among those with highest versus lowest diet quality. In sensitivity analyses of a high number of pooled studies (≥13 studies) the Mediterranean style diet patterns and adherence to the heart healthy diet guidelines were significantly associated with a risk reduction of 15% and 14% for cardiovascular disease incidence and 17% and 20% for cardiovascular disease mortality respectively (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Higher diet quality is associated with lower incidence and risk of mortality for cardiovascular disease however, significant study heterogeneity was identified for these relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael M Taylor
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Food and Nutrition Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rebecca L Haslam
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Food and Nutrition Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jaimee Herbert
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Food and Nutrition Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Megan C Whatnall
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Food and Nutrition Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Laura Trijsburg
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jeanne H M de Vries
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Afsaneh Koochek
- Department of Food studies, Nutrition and Dietetics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Paulina Nowicka
- Department of Food studies, Nutrition and Dietetics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Nicklas Neuman
- Department of Food studies, Nutrition and Dietetics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Erin D Clarke
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Food and Nutrition Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Tracy L Burrows
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Food and Nutrition Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Clare E Collins
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Food and Nutrition Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
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Theodoridis X, Triantafyllou A, Chrysoula L, Mermigkas F, Chroni V, Dipla K, Gkaliagkousi E, Chourdakis M. Impact of the Level of Adherence to the DASH Diet on Blood Pressure: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Metabolites 2023; 13:924. [PMID: 37623868 PMCID: PMC10456469 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13080924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: the objective of our study was to systematically review the current literature and perform a meta-analysis to evaluate the effect of the level of adherence to the DASH diet on blood pressure. Methods: The identification of relevant studies, data extraction and critical appraisal of the included studies were performed independently by two reviewers. A random-effects model was employed to synthesize the available evidence using the standardized mean difference (SMD) as the appropriate effect size. Results: A total of 37 and 29 articles were included in the qualitative and quantitative analysis, respectively. The pooled effect for systolic blood pressure was SMD = -0.18 (95%CI: -0.32 to -0.04; I2 = 94%; PI: -0.93 to 0.57) and for diastolic blood pressure it was SMD = -0.13 (95%CI: -0.19 to -0.06; I2 = 94%; PI: -0.42 to 0.17). Conclusions: Our findings showed that greater adherence to the DASH diet has a beneficial effect on blood pressure compared to the lowest adherence. Increased compliance with DASH diet recommendations might also have a positive effect on cardiometabolic factors and overall health status. Future studies should aim to standardize the tools of adherence to the DASH diet and utilize rigorous study designs to establish a clearer understanding of the potential benefits of the level of adherence to the DASH diet in blood pressure management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xenophon Theodoridis
- Laboratory of Hygiene, Social and Preventive Medicine and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (X.T.); (L.C.); (F.M.); (V.C.)
- 3rd Clinic of Internal Medicine, Papageorgiou Hospital, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 56403 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.T.); (E.G.)
| | - Areti Triantafyllou
- 3rd Clinic of Internal Medicine, Papageorgiou Hospital, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 56403 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.T.); (E.G.)
| | - Lydia Chrysoula
- Laboratory of Hygiene, Social and Preventive Medicine and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (X.T.); (L.C.); (F.M.); (V.C.)
| | - Fotios Mermigkas
- Laboratory of Hygiene, Social and Preventive Medicine and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (X.T.); (L.C.); (F.M.); (V.C.)
| | - Violeta Chroni
- Laboratory of Hygiene, Social and Preventive Medicine and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (X.T.); (L.C.); (F.M.); (V.C.)
| | - Konstantina Dipla
- Exercise Physiology & Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Sport Sciences at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 62110 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Eugenia Gkaliagkousi
- 3rd Clinic of Internal Medicine, Papageorgiou Hospital, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 56403 Thessaloniki, Greece; (A.T.); (E.G.)
| | - Michail Chourdakis
- Laboratory of Hygiene, Social and Preventive Medicine and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (X.T.); (L.C.); (F.M.); (V.C.)
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Jurczewska J, Ostrowska J, Chełchowska M, Panczyk M, Rudnicka E, Kucharski M, Smolarczyk R, Szostak-Węgierek D. Physical Activity, Rather Than Diet, Is Linked to Lower Insulin Resistance in PCOS Women-A Case-Control Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:2111. [PMID: 37432289 PMCID: PMC10180891 DOI: 10.3390/nu15092111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin resistance (IR) is a prominent feature of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The importance of lifestyle interventions in the management of PCOS is strongly highlighted and it is suggested that diet and physical activity may significantly influence insulin sensitivity. Therefore, we evaluated the link between diet and physical activity and various indices of insulin resistance, including adipokines secreted by the adipose tissue in 56 PCOS and 33 healthy control women. The original food frequency questionnaire and Actigraph GT3X-BT were used to assess the adherence to the diet recommended in IR and the level of physical activity, respectively. We observed that higher levels of physical activity were associated with lower HOMA-IR and a greater chance of its normal value in PCOS group. No such relationship was observed for other IR indices and adipokines or for the diet. However, we noted a strong correlation between HOMA-IR (Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance) and HOMA-AD (Homeostatic Model Assessment-Adiponectin) in PCOS women. Additionally, when we used HOMA-AD we observed a higher prevalence of IR among PCOS women. Our study supports the beneficial role of physical activity in the management of insulin resistance in PCOS women. Moreover, our findings indicate that HOMA-AD may be a promising surrogate marker for insulin resistance assessment in women with PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Jurczewska
- Department of Clinical Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, E Ciołka 27, 01-445 Warsaw, Poland; (J.J.); (D.S.-W.)
| | - Joanna Ostrowska
- Department of Clinical Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, E Ciołka 27, 01-445 Warsaw, Poland; (J.J.); (D.S.-W.)
| | - Magdalena Chełchowska
- Department of Screening Tests and Metabolic Diagnostics, Institute of Mother and Child, Kasprzaka 17a, 01-211 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Mariusz Panczyk
- Department of Education and Research in Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Science, Medical University of Warsaw, 00-581 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Ewa Rudnicka
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology, Medical University of Warsaw, Karowa 2, 00-315 Warsaw, Poland; (E.R.); (M.K.); (R.S.)
| | - Marek Kucharski
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology, Medical University of Warsaw, Karowa 2, 00-315 Warsaw, Poland; (E.R.); (M.K.); (R.S.)
| | - Roman Smolarczyk
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology, Medical University of Warsaw, Karowa 2, 00-315 Warsaw, Poland; (E.R.); (M.K.); (R.S.)
| | - Dorota Szostak-Węgierek
- Department of Clinical Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, E Ciołka 27, 01-445 Warsaw, Poland; (J.J.); (D.S.-W.)
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Salihefendic D. Eating and Lifestyle Habits in Underweight Patients with Insulin Resistance. Mater Sociomed 2023; 35:18-22. [PMID: 37095873 PMCID: PMC10122527 DOI: 10.5455/msm.2023.35.18-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In recent years, there has been a significant increase in the prevalence of insulin resistance (IR) which has become a global health problem. Obesity is the typical clinical presentation of IR. The connection between underweight and IR is less known. Objective The study aimed to investigate the characteristics of eating habits in underweight and obese patients with IR. After the obtained results, propose suitable dietary instructions specific to 2 subject groups. The task was to determine the difference in the nutritional status of underweight and obese patients with proven IR. The questionnaire was designed to collect data on diet and eating habits. Methods The research included 60 subjects of both sexes between the ages of 20 and 60. Inclusion criteria for entering the study were: proven obesity (BMI ≥ 30), underweight (BMI≤18,5) and confirmed IR by assessment of the homeostatic model for insulin resistance (HOMA IR-2). BMI, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and visceral fat area (VFA) were calculated using the bioelectrical impedance. Data on dietary habits was collected using a questionnaire that included general patient data, physical activity, lifestyle and eating habits. Descriptive statistical methods were used to process and analyse the obtained data. Results The average BMI in obese subjects was 34.32 kg/m2, and in underweight subjects, 17.26 kg/m2. There are statistically significant differences between BMI, WHR and VFA. The mean value of HOMA-IR in the obese patients was 2.87 and in the underweight, 2.45. Underweight subjects have a statistically significant (p<0.05) tendency to lose weight, consume milk and milk products, prefer lean meat, and drink more alcohol. Obese subjects are significantly (p<0.05) less physically active, more prone to insomnia, tend to gain weight, enjoy food, consume fewer fruits and vegetables and more carbohydrate food, do not follow clinical nutritional guidelines, and mostly eat in a social setting. Both groups rarely practiced mindful eating. Consumption of highly processed food and sweets is common in both groups. Conclusion There are statistically significant differences in the dietary and lifestyle habits of underweight and obese patients diagnosed with IR. It is necessary to educate healthcare workers and the general population about the importance of nutrition for preventing IR, regardless of body weight.
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Sahasrabudhe N, Soo Lee J, Zhang X, Scott T, Punnett L, Tucker KL, Palacios N. Adherence to Mediterranean Diet and Depressive Symptomatology Among Boston Area Puerto Ricans. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2023; 78:258-266. [PMID: 35253838 PMCID: PMC9951052 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glac057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Higher Mediterranean diet (MeD) adherence has been linked with lower depressive symptomatology, but research examining this association is limited, especially among Latinos, including mainland U.S. Puerto Ricans. Hence, we examined cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between MeD adherence and self-reported depressive symptomatology in Boston area Puerto Rican adults. METHODS The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) was used to evaluate depressive symptoms. Adherence to MeD was assessed at all 3 visits. We used multivariable linear regression for baseline cross-sectional analysis, and linear mixed effects modeling over 3 waves of follow-up for longitudinal analysis. We also assessed whether baseline MeD adherence affected 5y CES-D trajectory. We conducted sensitivity analyses among participants without diabetes, and among participants with complete MeD and CES-D measures at all visits. RESULTS MeD adherence was significantly associated with CES-D score at baseline (β = -2.0, 95% confidence interval [CI] -4.0, -0.04 for highest vs lowest tertile, p trend = .04) and across 3 waves (β = -1.9, 95% CI = -3.0, -0.8 for highest vs lowest tertile, p trend = .0005). Results were similar in analyses restricted to participants without diabetes, as well as among participants with complete CES-D and MeD scores at all visits. CONCLUSIONS While CES-D score was consistently lower in those with higher MeD adherence over 5 years of follow up, no relationship between baseline MeD adherence and 5y CES-D trajectory was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Sahasrabudhe
- Department of Public Health, Zuckerberg College of Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts, USA.,The Center for Population Health, Zuckerberg College of Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jong Soo Lee
- The Center for Population Health, Zuckerberg College of Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Veterans Affairs, ENRM VA Hospital, Bedford, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Xiyuan Zhang
- Department of Public Health, Zuckerberg College of Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts, USA.,The Center for Population Health, Zuckerberg College of Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Tammy Scott
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Laura Punnett
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Katherine L Tucker
- The Center for Population Health, Zuckerberg College of Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Biomedical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Natalia Palacios
- Department of Public Health, Zuckerberg College of Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts, USA.,The Center for Population Health, Zuckerberg College of Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Nutrition, Harvard University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Veterans Affairs, ENRM VA Hospital, Bedford, Massachusetts, USA
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9
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Rosignoli da Conceição A, da Silva A, Marcadenti A, Bersch-Ferreira ÂC, Weber B, Bressan J. Consumption of unprocessed or minimally processed foods and their association with cardiovascular events and cardiometabolic risk factors in Brazilians with established cardiovascular events. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2023; 74:107-119. [PMID: 36625034 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2023.2164922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Consumption of food in its natural form has an inverse relationship with cardiometabolic risk factors; however, the relationship between consumption of unprocessed or minimally processed foods and the presence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) remains unclear in individuals receiving secondary care for CVD. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the association between the consumption of unprocessed or minimally processed foods and the presence of CVD and cardiometabolic risk factors in individuals with established CVD. Baseline data from 2357 participants in a Brazilian multicentre study showed that the consumption of unprocessed or minimally processed foods corresponded to most of the daily caloric intake (69.3%). Furthermore, regression analyses showed that higher consumption of unprocessed or minimally processed foods (>78.0% of caloric intake) was associated with a lower prevalence of elevated waist circumference (WC1; PR: 0.889; CI: 0.822-0.961; WC2; PR: 0.914; CI: 0.873-0.957) and overweight (PR: 0.930; CI: 0.870-0.994), but also was associated with simultaneous occurrence of coronary and peripheral artery disease and stroke (OR: 2.802; CI: 1.241-6.325) when compared with a lower intake (<62.8% of caloric intake). These findings reinforce the importance of nutritional guidance that considers the profile of the target population and the composition and quality of the meals consumed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alessandra da Silva
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Aline Marcadenti
- Hcor Research Institute, HCor (IP-Hcor), São Paulo, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Health Sciences (Cardiology), Instituto de Cardiologia/Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul (IC/FUC), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | | | - Josefina Bressan
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
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Bastos AA, Félix PV, Castro MA, Fisberg RM, Silva AAM, Yannakoulia M, Ribeiro SML. Comparison and convergent validity of five Mediterranean dietary indexes applied to Brazilian adults and older adults: data from a population-based study (2015 ISA-Nutrition). J Nutr Sci 2023; 12:e12. [PMID: 36843964 PMCID: PMC9947597 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2022.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Different dietary indexes are proposed to investigate adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD). However, they are based on different methodologies, and limited research has compared them to each other, particularly in non-Mediterranean populations. We aimed to compare five indexes intended to measure adherence to the MD. The sample was composed of adults and older adults (n 1187) from 2015 ISA-Nutrition, a cross-sectional population-based study in São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Dietary data obtained through two 24-h dietary recalls (24HDR) from which the Mediterranean diet scale (MDS), Mediterranean diet Score (MedDietscore), Mediterranean dietary pattern (MDP), Mediterranean Adequacy Index (MAI) and Mediterranean-Style Dietary Pattern Score (MSDPS) were calculated. The correlations and agreements between them were analysed by Spearman's correlation and linearly weighted Cohen's Kappa coefficients, respectively. Confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs) were applied to investigate their convergent validity. The highest correlations were found between MDP and MAI (r = 0⋅76; 95% CI 0⋅74-0⋅79) and between MDP and MDS (r = 0⋅72; 95% CI 0⋅69-0⋅75). The greatest agreements observed were moderate, between MDP v. MAI (κ = 0⋅57, P < 0⋅001) and MDP v. MDS (κ = 0⋅48, P < 0⋅001). The goodness-of-fit of CFA for MedDietscore (RMSEA = 0⋅033, 90% CI 0⋅02-0⋅042; SRMR = 0⋅042) and MSDPS (RMSEA = 0⋅028, 90% CI 0⋅019-0⋅037; SRMR = 0⋅031) had acceptable values for absolute fit indices. Vegetables, olive oil, MUFA:SFA ratio and cereals with legumes were more relevant to characterise the MD (factor loadings ≥0⋅50). The MDS, MAI and MDP classified the population similarly, but the MedDietscore showed better performances in evaluating adherence to the MD. These results provided guidance for the most appropriate Mediterranean dietary index to be applied in non-Mediterranean populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amália A. Bastos
- Department of Nutrition, Public Health School, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paula V. Félix
- Department of Nutrition, Public Health School, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Regina M. Fisberg
- Department of Nutrition, Public Health School, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antônio A. M. Silva
- Department of Public Health, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
| | - Mary Yannakoulia
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Sandra M. L. Ribeiro
- Department of Nutrition, Public Health School, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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11
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Mattei J, Díaz-Alvarez CB, Alfonso C, O’Neill HJ, Ríos-Bedoya CF, Malik VS, Godoy-Vitorino F, Cheng C, Spiegelman D, Willett WC, Hu FB, Rodríguez-Orengo JF. Design and Implementation of a Culturally-Tailored Randomized Pilot Trial: Puerto Rican Optimized Mediterranean-Like Diet. Curr Dev Nutr 2023; 7:100022. [PMID: 37181130 PMCID: PMC10100940 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2022.100022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Adhering to a Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) is associated with a healthier cardiometabolic profile. However, there are limited studies on the MedDiet benefits for non-Mediterranean racial/ethnic minorities, for whom this diet may be unfamiliar and inaccessible and who have a high risk of chronic diseases. Objectives To describe the study design of a pilot trial testing the efficacy of a MedDiet-like tailored to adults in Puerto Rico (PR). Methods The Puerto Rican Optimized Mediterranean-like Diet (PROMED) was a single-site 4-mo parallel two-arm randomized pilot trial among a projected 50 free-living adults (25-65 y) living in PR with at least two cardiometabolic risk factors (clinicaltrials.gov registration #NCT03975556). The intervention group received 1 individual nutritional counseling session on a portion-control culturally-tailored MedDiet. Daily text messages reinforced the counseling content for 2 mo, and we supplied legumes and vegetable oils. Participants in the control group received cooking utensils and one standard portion-control nutritional counseling session that was reinforced with daily texts for 2 mo. Text messages for each group were repeated for two more months. Outcome measures were assessed at baseline, 2 and 4 m. The primary outcome was a composite cardiometabolic improvement score; secondary outcomes included individual cardiometabolic factors; dietary intake, behaviors, and satisfaction; psychosocial factors; and the gut microbiome. Results PROMED was designed to be culturally appropriate, acceptable, accessible, and feasible for adults in PR. Strengths of the study include applying deep-structure cultural components, easing structural barriers, and representing a real-life setting. Limitations include difficulty with blinding and with monitoring adherence, and reduced timing and sample size. The COVID-19 pandemic influenced implementation, warranting replication. Conclusions If PROMED is proven efficacious in improving cardiometabolic health and diet quality, the findings would strengthen the evidence on the healthfulness of a culturally-appropriate MedDiet and support its wider implementation in clinical and population-wide disease-prevention programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josiemer Mattei
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- FDI Clinical Research, San Juan, PR, USA
| | | | - Charmaine Alfonso
- College of Nutritionists and Dietitians of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR, USA
- School of Health Sciences, Ana G. Méndez University, Gurabo Campus, Gurabo, PR, USA
| | - H June O’Neill
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Carlos F. Ríos-Bedoya
- FDI Clinical Research, San Juan, PR, USA
- McLaren Health Care, Graduate Medical Education, Grand Blanc, MI, USA
| | - Vasanti S. Malik
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Filipa Godoy-Vitorino
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, PR, USA
| | - Chao Cheng
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Methods in Implementation and Prevention Science, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Donna Spiegelman
- Department of Biostatistics and Center for Methods in Implementation and Prevention Science, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Walter C. Willett
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Frank B. Hu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - José F. Rodríguez-Orengo
- FDI Clinical Research, San Juan, PR, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, PR, USA
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12
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Zańko A, Siewko K, Krętowski AJ, Milewski R. Lifestyle, Insulin Resistance and Semen Quality as Co-Dependent Factors of Male Infertility. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 20:ijerph20010732. [PMID: 36613051 PMCID: PMC9819053 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Infertility is a problem that affects millions of couples around the world. It is known as a disease of couples, not individuals, which makes diagnosis difficult and treatment unclear. Male infertility can have many causes, from mechanical ones to abnormal spermatogenesis or spermiogenesis. Semen quality is determined by a number of factors, including those dependent on men themselves, with the number of infertile men growing every year. These include, e.g., diet, physical activity, sleep quality, stress, among many others. As these factors co-exist with insulin resistance, which is a disease closely related to lifestyle, it has been singled out in the study due to its role in affecting semen quality. In order to examine connections between lifestyle, insulin resistance, and semen quality, a review of literature published from 1989 to 2020 in the following databases PubMed/Medline, EMBASE (Elsevier), Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar was performed. Hence, semen quality, environment, and insulin resistance are interrelated, thus it is difficult to indicate which aspect is the cause and which is the effect in a particular relationship and the nature of possible correlations. Since the influence of lifestyle on semen quality has been extensively studied, it is recommended that more thorough research be done on the relationship between insulin resistance and semen quality, comparing the semen quality of men with and without insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrianna Zańko
- Doctoral School, Medical University of Białystok, 15-089 Białystok, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Siewko
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, 15-276 Białystok, Poland
| | - Adam Jacek Krętowski
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, 15-276 Białystok, Poland
| | - Robert Milewski
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Medical University of Białystok, 15-295 Białystok, Poland
- Correspondence:
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13
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Leilami K, Zareie A, Nouri M, Bagheri M, Shirani M. The association between healthy eating index score with semen parameters in infertile men: A cross-sectional study. Int J Reprod Biomed 2022; 20:931-940. [PMID: 36618836 PMCID: PMC9806244 DOI: 10.18502/ijrm.v20i11.12360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Infertility has been a major problem for young couples in recent years. One way to assay the diet quality is the healthy eating index (HEI), related to infertility. Objective This study aims to assess the association between the HEI score with semen parameters in Iranian infertile men. Materials and Methods Two hundred and sixty eligible men (18-55 yr), were referred to the major infertility clinic in the summer of 2018 and entered this cross-sectional study. Based on the 5 th edition of the world health organization laboratory manual, semen parameters including sperm concentration, volume, motility, and morphology were analyzed, and to specify the dietary intake of individuals a 168-item questionnaire was used. Also, to calculate the total HEI score, all 13 components based on HEI-2015 components and scoring standards were summed up. Results Participants in the highest tertile, had no difference in mean sperm parameters with those in the lowest tertile in the crude model. No significant association was found between sperm parameters and HEI score tertiles in the crude model, even after adjustment for potential confounders, except for concentration (OR: 0.39 and CI: 0.15, 0.99, p = 0.04). Participants in the highest tertile had a lower risk of abnormal concentration and motility in the crude model. The risk of abnormal concentration decreased, and motility increased in the adjusted model. Conclusion In this cross-sectional study, there was no significant relationship between HEI and sperm indexes, except for sperm concentration. Therefore, more studies need to be done in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimia Leilami
- Nutrition Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Azadeh Zareie
- Students' Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mehran Nouri
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Milad Bagheri
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,Students' Research Committee, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mahsa Shirani
- Students' Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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14
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Zhu L, Kim EJ, González E, Fraser MA, Zhu S, Rubio-Torio N, Ma GX, Yeh MC, Tan Y. Reducing Liver Cancer Risk through Dietary Change: Positive Results from a Community-Based Educational Initiative in Three Racial/Ethnic Groups. Nutrients 2022; 14:4878. [PMID: 36432564 PMCID: PMC9698707 DOI: 10.3390/nu14224878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary behaviors and alcohol consumption have been linked to liver disease and liver cancer. So far, most of the liver cancer awareness campaigns and behavioral interventions have focused on preventive behaviors such as screening and vaccination uptake, while few incorporated dietary aspects of liver cancer prevention. We implemented a community-based education initiative for liver cancer prevention among the African, Asian, and Hispanic populations within the Greater Philadelphia and metropolitan New York City areas. Data from the baseline and the 6-month follow-up surveys were used for the assessment of changes in dietary behaviors and alcohol consumption among participants. In total, we recruited 578 participants through community-/faith-based organizations to participate in the educational workshops. The study sample included 344 participants who completed both baseline and follow-up survey. The Hispanic subgroup was the only one that saw an overall significant change in dietary behaviors, with the Mediterranean dietary score increasing significantly from 30.000 at baseline survey to 31.187 at 6-month follow-up assessment (p < 0.05), indicating a trend towards healthier dietary habit. In the African Americans participants, the consumption scores of fruits and poultry increased significantly, while vegetables and red meats decreased. In Asian Americans, the consumption of non-refined cereals, red meats, and dairy products decreased. Alcohol consumption decreased significantly among Hispanics while it did not change significantly among the other two communities. This community-based educational initiative generated different impacts in the three populations, further highlighting the needs for more targeted, culturally tailored efforts in health promotion among these underprivileged communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhu
- Center for Asian Health, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
- Department of Urban Health and Population Science, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Ellen Jaeseon Kim
- Center for Asian Health, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Evelyn González
- Office of Community Outreach, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
| | | | - Steven Zhu
- Pennsylvania United Chinese Coalition, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | | | - Grace X. Ma
- Center for Asian Health, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
- Department of Urban Health and Population Science, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Ming-Chin Yeh
- Nutrition Program, Hunter College, City University of New York, New York, NY 10017, USA
| | - Yin Tan
- Center for Asian Health, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
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15
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Salas-González MD, Aparicio A, Loria-Kohen V, Ortega RM, López-Sobaler AM. Association of Healthy Eating Index-2015 and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension Patterns with Insulin Resistance in Schoolchildren. Nutrients 2022; 14:4232. [PMID: 36296916 PMCID: PMC9607022 DOI: 10.3390/nu14204232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Diet quality patterns are associated with a lower incidence of insulin resistance (IR) in adults. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between two diet quality indices and IR in schoolchildren and to identify the best diet quality index associated with a lower risk of IR. Methods: A total of 854 schoolchildren (8−13 years) were included in a cross-sectional study, who completed a three-day dietary record to assess their diet. Fasting plasma glucose and insulin were also measured, and anthropometric data were collected. Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015), Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), and adjusted DASH (aDASH) were calculated as diet quality indices. The homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was used, and IR was defined as HOMA-IR > 3.16. Results: The prevalence of IR was 5.5%, and it was higher in girls. The mean HEI-2015 and DASH scores were 59.3 and 23.4, respectively, and boys scored lower in both indices. In girls, having a HEI-2015 score above the 33rd percentile was associated with a lower risk of IR (odds ratio [95% CI]: 0.43 [0.19−0.96], p = 0.020). Conclusion: Greater adherence to a healthy dietary pattern, as assessed by a higher HEI-2015 score, was associated with a lower risk of IR in schoolchildren, especially in girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Dolores Salas-González
- VALORNUT Research Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Aranzazu Aparicio
- VALORNUT Research Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, IdISSC, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Viviana Loria-Kohen
- VALORNUT Research Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa M. Ortega
- VALORNUT Research Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, IdISSC, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana M. López-Sobaler
- VALORNUT Research Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, IdISSC, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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16
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Moustafa B, Trifan G, Isasi CR, Lipton RB, Sotres-Alvarez D, Cai J, Tarraf W, Stickel A, Mattei J, Talavera GA, Daviglus ML, González HM, Testai FD. Association of Mediterranean Diet With Cognitive Decline Among Diverse Hispanic or Latino Adults From the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos. JAMA Netw Open 2022; 5:e2221982. [PMID: 35834250 PMCID: PMC9284337 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.21982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE The Mediterranean diet may reduce the burden of Alzheimer disease and other associated dementias in Hispanic or Latino people. OBJECTIVE To investigate the association of a Mediterranean diet with cognitive performance among community-dwelling Hispanic or Latino adults. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This cohort study analyzed data from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) and the Study of Latinos-Investigation of Neurocognitive Aging (SOL-INCA), an HCHS/SOL ancillary study. Cognition tests were administered in the HCHS/SOL from March 2008 to June 2011 (visit 1) and in the SOL-INCA from October 2015 to March 2018 (visit 2). Participants included in the present study had completed a diet assessment at visit 1 and neurocognitive evaluations at visits 1 and 2. Data were analyzed from September 2021 to May 2022. EXPOSURES Mediterranean diet adherence was ascertained using the Mediterranean diet score (MDS) and was categorized as low (MDS: 0-4 points), moderate (MDS: 5-6 points), or high (MDS: 7-9 points). The mean of two 24-hour dietary recalls was used to calculate the MDS. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Cognitive change between visits 1 and 2 was calculated by subtracting the cognitive score at visit 2 from the cognitive score at visit 1 and adjusting by the time elapsed between visits and cognitive score at visit 1. Neurocognitive tests administered were Brief Spanish-English Verbal Learning Test (B-SEVLT) Sum, B-SEVLT Recall, word fluency, and Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST). Results of each test were z score-transformed and the means were averaged to create a global cognition score. Complex sample linear regression analysis was used to ascertain the association between MDS and neurocognitive performance at each visit and neurocognitive change. RESULTS A total of 6321 participants (mean [SE] age, 56.1 [0.18] years at visit 1; n = 4077 women [57.8%]) were included. Mediterranean diet adherence weighted frequencies were 35.8% (n = 2112 of 6321) for the low adherence group, 45.4% (n = 2795) for the moderate adherence group, and 18.8% (n = 1414) for the high adherence group. In the fully adjusted model, z score-transformed cognitive scores at visit 1 in the high vs low adherence groups were higher for B-SEVLT Sum (β = 0.11; 95% CI, 0.02-0.20), B-SEVLT Recall (β = 0.16; 95% CI, 0.07-0.25), and global cognition (β = 0.10; 95% CI, 0.04-0.16) tests. In the mean follow-up time of 7 years, cognitive change in the high vs low adherence groups was less pronounced for B-SEVLT Sum (β = 0.12; 95% CI, 0.05-0.20) and B-SEVLT Recall (β = 0.14; 95% CI, 0.05-0.23), but not for word fluency, DSST score, or global cognition score. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Results of this cohort study suggested that high adherence to a Mediterranean diet was associated with better cognitive performance and decreased 7-year learning and memory decline among middle-aged and older Hispanic or Latino adults. Culturally tailored Mediterranean diet may reduce the risk of cognitive decline and Alzheimer disease in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bayan Moustafa
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago
| | - Gabriela Trifan
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago
| | - Carmen R. Isasi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Richard B. Lipton
- Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Daniela Sotres-Alvarez
- Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
| | - Jianwen Cai
- Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
| | - Wassim Tarraf
- Institute of Gerontology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Ariana Stickel
- Department of Neurosciences and Shiley-Marcos Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Josiemer Mattei
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Martha L. Daviglus
- Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago
| | - Hector M. González
- Department of Neurosciences and Shiley-Marcos Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla
| | - Fernando D. Testai
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago
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17
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McClain AC, Cory H, Mattei J. Childhood food insufficiency and adulthood cardiometabolic health conditions among a population-based sample of older adults in Puerto Rico. SSM Popul Health 2022; 17:101066. [PMID: 35313605 PMCID: PMC8933531 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2022.101066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Childhood food insufficiency negatively influences physical and psychosocial health in children, but less is known about long-term health implications. This study aimed to elucidate the association of childhood food insufficiency with older adulthood cardiometabolic conditions. We conducted cross-sectional analyses using data from the Puerto Rican Elderly: Health Conditions Project (n = 2712), a population-based sample of elderly adults (>60 y) living in Puerto Rico. Childhood food insufficiency was ascertained with a proxy question on childhood economic hardships that prevented eating. Participants self-reported hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease (CVD; including heart attack, heart disease, or stroke). Obesity was assessed as body mass index using measured height and weight. Multivariable-adjusted, sex-stratified, complex survey logistic regression models tested associations of childhood food insufficiency with each condition, number of cardiometabolic conditions (0-6), and age of onset. Nearly a third (29.4%) of the sample reported childhood food insufficiency; 68.7% reported hypertension, 29.6% reported type 2 diabetes, 34.2% reported CVD, 29.9% were categorized with obesity, and 55.4% had two or more cardiometabolic conditions. In men, but not women, childhood food insufficiency was associated with higher odds of hypertension (Odds Ratio (OR) (95% Confidence Intervals (CI)): 1.7 (1.1, 2.7)), CVD (1.7 (1.1, 2.6)), and having two (1.9 (1.0, 3.4) or three to four (2.3 (1.2, 4.4)) cardiometabolic conditions. Childhood food insufficiency was marginally associated with higher odds of early age of onset of CVD among men (2.2 (1.0, 4.7)). Childhood food insufficiency may increase the likelihood of having cardiometabolic conditions in Puerto Rican older men. Programs that enable access to sufficient, healthy food in childhood may help prevent eventual cardiovascular-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda C. McClain
- School of Exercise and Nutritional Sciences, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA,Corresponding author.
| | - Hannah Cory
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Josiemer Mattei
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
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18
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Riseberg E, Tamez M, Tucker KL, Orengo JFR, Mattei J. Associations between diet quality scores and central obesity among adults in Puerto Rico. J Hum Nutr Diet 2021; 34:1014-1021. [PMID: 33988871 PMCID: PMC8590710 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.12873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adults in Puerto Rico experience an excessive burden of central obesity. It remains unknown which dietary components are more strongly associated with central obesity in this high-risk group. We aimed to evaluate the relationship of the Mediterranean diet (MeDS) and Alternate Healthy Eating Index 2010 (AHEI) with central obesity in the Puerto Rico Assessment of Diet, Lifestyle and Diseases (PRADLAD) cross-sectional study. METHODS Data from PRADLAD participants (ages 30-75 years) were used (n = 166). Dietary intake was assessed by food frequency questionnaire. The MeDS [nine components; range: 0 (lowest) to 9 (highest observance of a Mediterranean-like diet)] and AHEI [11 components; range: 0 (lowest) to 110 (highest diet quality)] were defined. Daily intake of foods and beverages within each MeDS component was ranked by contribution to total energy intake. Multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate associations between MeDS and AHEI with central obesity (waist circumference > 102 cm males, > 88 cm females). RESULTS Mean ± SD MeDS was 4.46 ± 1.77 and AHEI was 60.2 ± 11.1. Traditional foods representative of the MeDS included potatoes, root vegetables, fruit juice, avocados, bread, oatmeal, beans, chicken, seafood, low-fat milk, cheese, eggs and beer. Adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals of central obesity were 0.78 (0.63-0.97) per unit increment of MeDS and 0.61 (0.42-0.90) per 10-unit increment of AHEI. CONCLUSIONS Higher adherence to MeDS or AHEI was associated with lower central obesity in adults in Puerto Rico. Consuming traditional foods reflecting these dietary patterns (i.e., Mediterranean-like) may reduce central obesity in high-risk populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Riseberg
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Martha Tamez
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Katherine L. Tucker
- Department of Biomedical and Nutritional Sciences, Zuckerberg College of Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, USA
| | - Jose F. Rodriguez Orengo
- FDI Clinical Research, San Juan, Puerto Rico, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico, USA
| | - Josiemer Mattei
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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Flores AC, Heron C, Kim JI, Martin B, Al-Shaar L, Tucker KL, Gao X. Prospective Study of Plant-Based Dietary Patterns and Diabetes in Puerto Rican Adults. J Nutr 2021; 151:3795-3800. [PMID: 34515303 PMCID: PMC8643592 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxab301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vegetarian-type dietary patterns have been associated with reducing the risk of developing diabetes and may function as an effective strategy for diabetes management. OBJECTIVES We aimed to examine the associations between adherence to plant-based diet indices and the risk of developing diabetes in the Boston Puerto Rican Health Study. METHODS Puerto Rican adults (n = 646), aged 45-75 y and free of diabetes at baseline, were included. Dietary intake was assessed via a validated FFQ. Three plant-based dietary indices were calculated: an overall plant-based diet index (PDI), a healthful plant-based diet index (hPDI), and an unhealthful plant-based diet index (uPDI). Incident diabetes was defined as fasting plasma glucose ≥ 126 mg/dL (7.0 mmol/L), glycated hemoglobin ≥ 6.5% (48 mmol/mol), or use of hypoglycemic agents during follow-up. Cox proportional hazards were used to evaluate associations between the dietary patterns and incidence of diabetes, adjusting for potential confounders, such as age, sex, socioeconomic status, lifestyle factors, obesity, total energy intake, depressive symptomatology, and plasma concentrations of lipids. RESULTS During a mean of 4.2 y of follow-up, we identified 134 diabetes cases. After adjustment for covariates, higher hPDI was associated with lower risk of developing diabetes (adjusted HR for the highest compared with the lowest tertile: 0.54; 95% CI: 0.31, 0.94; P-trend = 0.03). In contrast, the PDI and uPDI were not significantly associated with the risk of diabetes (P-trend > 0.3 for both). CONCLUSIONS The healthful plant-based dietary index, but not the total plant-based dietary index, was inversely associated with diabetes risk. These findings suggest that the quality of plant-based diets must be considered when recommending plant-based diets for the prevention of diabetes.This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01231958.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley C Flores
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Christopher Heron
- Department of Family Medicine, Penn State Health Family and Community Medicine Residency at Mount Nittany Medical Center, State College, PA, USA
| | - Jung In Kim
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA,Department of Statistics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Bryan Martin
- Department of Family Medicine, Penn State Health Family and Community Medicine Residency at Mount Nittany Medical Center, State College, PA, USA
| | - Laila Al-Shaar
- Department of Public Health Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Katherine L Tucker
- Department of Biomedical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, USA
| | - Xiang Gao
- Address correspondence to XG (E-mail: )
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20
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Cuevas AG, Abuelezam N, Chan SW(C, Carvalho K, Flores C, Wang K, Mattei J, Tucker KL, Falcon LM. Skin Tone, Discrimination, and Allostatic Load in Middle-Aged and Older Puerto Ricans. Psychosom Med 2021; 83:805-812. [PMID: 34297007 PMCID: PMC8419137 DOI: 10.1097/psy.0000000000000969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A growing body of research suggests that skin tone may be a health risk indicator for Hispanics. Black and darker-skinned Hispanics have worse mental and physical outcomes than White and lighter-skinned Hispanics. Discrimination exposure has been implicated as a risk factor that may explain the association between skin tone and health. However, there is scant research examining the interrelationship between skin tone, discrimination, and health, particularly among Puerto Ricans. We examine the interrelationships between two measures of skin tone, two measures of discrimination, and allostatic load (AL) among Puerto Rican adults. METHODS Using cross-sectional data from wave 3 of the Boston Puerto Rican Health Study (n = 882), we examined the indirect association (IA) of skin tone on physiological dysregulated systems, also known as AL, through major discrimination and everyday discrimination. We tested these associations using two distinct measures of skin tone: interviewer-ascribed skin tone and spectrophotometer-measured skin tone. RESULTS Interviewer-ascribed skin tone was indirectly associated with AL through major discrimination (IA = 0.03, 95% confidence interval = 0.004 to 0.06). However, there was no evidence of an IA of interviewer-ascribed skin tone on AL through everyday discrimination (IA = -0.01, 95% confidence interval = -0.03 to 0.01). In addition, there was no evidence that spectrophotometer-measured skin tone was indirectly associated with AL through major discrimination or everyday discrimination. CONCLUSIONS The sociocultural significance of skin tone may affect how Puerto Ricans are perceived and treated by others, which can, in turn, have physiological health consequences. Future research is needed to replicate these findings and examine the interrelationship between skin tone, discrimination, and other health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adolfo G. Cuevas
- Department of Community Health, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
| | - Nadia Abuelezam
- Boston College William F. Connell School of Nursing, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA
| | | | - Keri Carvalho
- Department of Community Health, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
| | - Cecilia Flores
- Department of Community Health, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
| | - Kaipeng Wang
- Graduate School of Social Work, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Josiemer Mattei
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Katherine L. Tucker
- Department of Biomedical & Nutritional Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, MA, USA
| | - Luis M. Falcon
- College of Fine Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, MA, USA
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21
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Monge-Rojas R, O'Neill J, Lee-Bravatti M, Mattei J. A Traditional Costa Rican Adolescents' Diet Score Is a Valid Tool to Capture Diet Quality and Identify Sociodemographic Groups With Suboptimal Diet. Front Public Health 2021; 9:708956. [PMID: 34458228 PMCID: PMC8397381 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.708956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditional diet indices may capture diet quality according to local food culture. Higher adherence to traditional diet scores may help prevent disease, yet evidence in adolescents is limited. This cross-sectional study aimed to develop and validate a Traditional Costa Rica Adolescents Diet Score (TCRAD) and determine its association with sociodemographic characteristics, under the hypothesis that girls, adolescents from rural areas, and with low socioeconomic status, have a more traditional healthy diet. A total of 804 urban and rural adolescents (13-18 years old) participated in the study. The TCRAD showed adequate internal validity as shown by significant associations with intake of 14 traditional foods and nutrients (legumes, vegetables, fruits, oils, dairy, and corn tortilla scored as healthy; and white rice, red/processed meat, solid fats, desserts/pastries, sugar-sweetened beverages, snacks, fast food, and bread and cookies scored as unhealthy). A high TCRAD score, indicative of a healthier and more traditional diet, was observed among adolescents in the low socioeconomic group vs. medium or high socioeconomic categories (42.9, 41.2, and 38.2%, respectively, p < 0.05), adolescents living in rural areas vs. urban (47.6 vs. 34.2%, p < 0.05), and among boys vs. girls (46.9 vs. 37.5%, p < 0.05). The TCRAD score is a valid tool to capture diet quality of adolescents in Costa Rica and could be used to measure association of diet with disease outcomes in this and similar populations. Public health nutrition programs in Costa Rica should focus on improving intake of foods and nutrients, and prioritize girls, adolescents in urban areas, and adolescents with high socioeconomic status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Monge-Rojas
- Nutrition and Health Unit, Costa Rican Institute for Research and Education on Nutrition and Health (INCIENSA), Ministry of Health, Tres Ríos, Costa Rica
| | - June O'Neill
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Michelle Lee-Bravatti
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Josiemer Mattei
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
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22
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Mediterranean diet scoring systems: understanding the evolution and applications for Mediterranean and non-Mediterranean countries. Br J Nutr 2021; 128:1371-1392. [PMID: 34289917 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114521002476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet (MedD) is a flexible dietary pattern which has such variability that has led to inconsistencies in definitions and assessment. The purpose of this narrative review is to evaluate scoring systems in a cultural and geographic context, from Mediterranean and non-Mediterranean countries, for comparison and application. The early MedD scoring systems (i.e. Trichopoulou's MedD Scale (T-MDS) and alternative MedD Scale (aMed)) are widely applied throughout the world but use population-specific median cut-offs which limit interpretation and cross-study comparisons. The T-MDS and aMed also do not account for non-traditional MedD foods which are consumed in greater quantities than when the scoring systems were developed. Scoring systems developed after the MedD pyramid publication in 2011 have generally used these recommendations as a basis for food group intake cut-offs, incorporating more foods/food groups as negative components, and some have included dietary and lifestyle behaviours. The different approaches to MedD assessment have created much variability in the foods/food group components included in scoring systems. Assessments that include dietary and lifestyle behaviours may reflect the nutrition transition occurring in Mediterranean countries and better guide clinical intervention approaches. While the new scoring systems are theorised to better capture MedD adherence and behaviours, comparisons are sparse in the literature and none exists outside of Europe. Consensus on food and dietary behaviours to include as well as the methodology for assigning points in MedD scoring systems is needed to advance our understanding of MedD and health relationships to promote public health messaging and clinical application.
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23
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Artegoitia VM, Krishnan S, Bonnel EL, Stephensen CB, Keim NL, Newman JW. Healthy eating index patterns in adults by sex and age predict cardiometabolic risk factors in a cross-sectional study. BMC Nutr 2021; 7:30. [PMID: 34154665 PMCID: PMC8218401 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-021-00432-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Associations between diet and cardiometabolic disease (CMD) risk may vary in men and women owing to sex differences in eating habits and physiology. The current secondary analysis sought to determine the ability of sex differences in dietary patterns to discriminate groups with or without CMD risk factors (CMDrf) in the adult population and if this was influenced by age. METHODS Diet patterns and quality were evaluated using 24 h recall-based Healthy Eating Index (HEI-2015) in free-living apparently healthy men (n = 184) and women (n = 209) 18-65 y of age with BMIs of 18-44 kg/m2. Participants were stratified into low- and high-CMDrf groups based on the presence/absence of at least one CMDrf: BMI > 25 kg/m2; fasting triglycerides > 150 mg/dL; HDL cholesterol < 50 mg/dL-women or < 40 mg/dL-men; HOMA > 2; HbA1c > 5.7. Sex by age dietary patterns were stratified by multivariate analyses, with metabolic variable associations established by stepwise discriminant analysis. RESULTS Diet quality increased with age in both sexes (P < 0.01), while women showed higher fruit, vegetable and saturated fat intake as a percentage of total energy (P < 0.05). The total-HEI score (i.e. diet quality) was lower in the high-CMDrf group (P = 0.01), however, diet quality parameters predicted CMDrf presence more accurately when separated by sex. Lower 'total vegetable' intake in the high-CMDrf group in both sexes, while high-CMDrf men also had lower 'total vegetables', 'greens and beans' intake, and high-CMDrf women had lower 'total fruits', 'whole-fruits', 'total vegetables', 'seafood and plant-proteins', 'fatty acids', and 'saturated fats' intakes (P < 0.05). Moreover, 'dairy' intake was higher in high-CMDrf women but not in men (sex by 'dairy' interaction P = 0.01). Sex by age diet pattern models predicted CMDrf with a 93 and 89% sensitivity and 84 and 92% specificity in women and men, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Sex and age differences in dietary patterns classified participants with and without accepted CMDrfs, supporting an association between specific diet components and CMD risk that differs by sex. Including sex specific dietary patterns into health assessments may provide targeted nutritional guidance to reduce the burden of cardiovascular disease. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov : NCT02367287 . ClinicalTrials.gov : NCT02298725 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia M Artegoitia
- Obesity and Metabolism Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Services-Western Human Nutrition Research Center, 430 West Health Sciences Drive, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Sridevi Krishnan
- Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Ellen L Bonnel
- Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
- Human Studies Unit, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Services-Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Charles B Stephensen
- Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
- Immunity and Disease Prevention Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Services-Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Nancy L Keim
- Obesity and Metabolism Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Services-Western Human Nutrition Research Center, 430 West Health Sciences Drive, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
- Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - John W Newman
- Obesity and Metabolism Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Services-Western Human Nutrition Research Center, 430 West Health Sciences Drive, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
- Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
- West Coast Metabolomics Center, Genome Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
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24
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Hart MJ, Torres SJ, McNaughton SA, Milte CM. A Dietary Inflammatory Index and associations with C-reactive protein in a general adult population. Eur J Nutr 2021; 60:4093-4106. [PMID: 33991227 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-021-02573-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Chronic low-grade inflammation is implicated in many of the diseases of ageing. Lifestyle factors, including diet may alter low-grade inflammation. This study aimed to assess cross-sectional associations between the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) score and the inflammatory marker C-reactive protein (CRP); and determine if any association differs according to age (< 50 vs ≥ 50 years). METHODS DII scores were calculated for respondents of the Australian Health Survey 2011-2012 using data from two 24-h recalls. Serum CRP was measured using ultrasensitive immunoturbidimetric assay. Associations between DII and CRP were assessed using multivariate linear regression adjusting for confounders (age education, physical activity, sex and smoking). Associations were assessed for the whole cohort and stratified at age 50 years. RESULTS The analysis included 2558 respondents with a mean BMI of 26.8 kg/m2 (< 50 years n = 1099; ≥ 50 years n = 1459). Respondents in the lowest DII quartile (anti-inflammatory diet) reportedly consumed more grains, vegetables and legumes, fruit, milk products, meat, poultry, fish and eggs, unsaturated oils and alcohol compared to respondents in DII quartile 4. No associations were seen between DII and CRP after adjustment for confounders in the whole cohort or when stratified < 50 or ≥ 50 years. CONCLUSIONS The DII was not associated with CRP in this cross-sectional study. Inflammation is complex characterised by a cascade of the multiple inflammatory markers and understanding the temporal relationship between diet and the inflammatory process is an important area for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Hart
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia.
| | - Susan J Torres
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia
| | - Sarah A McNaughton
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia
| | - Catherine M Milte
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia
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25
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Gago CM, Lopez-Cepero A, O'Neill J, Tamez M, Tucker K, Orengo JFR, Mattei J. Association of a Single-Item Self-Rated Diet Construct With Diet Quality Measured With the Alternate Healthy Eating Index. Front Nutr 2021; 8:646694. [PMID: 34026807 PMCID: PMC8131508 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.646694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: A single-item self-rated diet measure (SRD) may provide a quick, low-burden screener. However, assessment of its validity is limited. This study aimed to evaluate the association of an SRD construct with measured diet quality among adults in Puerto Rico (PR). Methodology: Participants (30-75 years old; n = 247) of the PR Assessment of Diet, Lifestyle, and Diseases (PRADLAD) cross-sectional study reported SRD with a single question ("How would you describe your current dietary habits and diet quality?") with a five-point scale: excellent to poor. More complete diet quality was calculated using the Alternate Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI), with 11 food and nutrient components assessed by the food frequency questionnaire. Multivariable general linear models were used to test associations between SRD with AHEI and its components. Associations were also tested between recall SRD in youth and current AHEI. Results: Most participants (35.2%) self-rated diet as "good," 13.8% as "excellent," and 4.1% as "poor," with the remainder split between middle scale points. SRD was not significantly associated with AHEI, although participants with "excellent" vs. "poor" SRD had marginally higher AHEI (P = 0.07). SRD was significantly associated with higher fruit intake (P = 0.02) and marginally associated with intakes of vegetables (P = 0.07) and long-chain fatty acids (P = 0.07). Unexpectedly, AHEI was significantly higher among those reporting "poor" SRD in young adulthood (P = 0.01) or childhood (P = 0.05). Conclusions: SRD may capture current diet quality at extreme intakes. Larger studies should confirm these findings and replicate them in other underrepresented populations. Further research should clarify the inverse associations between adult AHEI and earlier reported SRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina M. Gago
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Andrea Lopez-Cepero
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - June O'Neill
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Martha Tamez
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Katherine Tucker
- Department of Biomedical & Nutritional Sciences, Zuckerberg College of Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, United States
| | - José F. Rodríguez Orengo
- School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, PR, United States
- FDI Clinical Research, San Juan, PR, United States
| | - Josiemer Mattei
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
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26
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Bakaloudi DR, Chrysoula L, Kotzakioulafi E, Theodoridis X, Chourdakis M. Impact of the Level of Adherence to Mediterranean Diet on the Parameters of Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. Nutrients 2021; 13:1514. [PMID: 33946280 PMCID: PMC8146502 DOI: 10.3390/nu13051514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
High adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) has been associated with a lower prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS). The present study aimed to investigate the impact of MD adherence on parameters of MetS. A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed, Cochrane Central Registry of Clinical Trials (CENTRAL), Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science and Google Scholar databases. Observational studies that recorded adherence to MD and components/measures of the MetS, such as waist circumference (WC), blood pressure (BP), fasting blood glucose (FBG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and triglycerides (TG), were included in this study. A total of 58 studies were included in our study. WC and TG were significantly lower in the high adherence MD group (SMD: -0.20, (95%CI: -0.40, -0.01), SMD: -0.27 (95%CI: -0.27, -0.11), respectively), while HDL cholesterol was significantly higher in the same group (SMD: -0.28 (95%CI: 0.07, 0.50). There was no difference in FBG and SBP among the two groups (SMD: -0.21 (95%CI: -0.54, 0.12) & SMD: -0.15 (95%CI: -0.38, 0.07), respectively). MD may have a positive impact on all parameters of MetS. However, further research is needed in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Michail Chourdakis
- Laboratory of Hygiene, Social & Preventive Medicine and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (D.R.B.); (L.C.); (E.K.); (X.T.)
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Hart MJ, Torres SJ, McNaughton SA, Milte CM. Dietary patterns and associations with biomarkers of inflammation in adults: a systematic review of observational studies. Nutr J 2021; 20:24. [PMID: 33712009 PMCID: PMC7955619 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-021-00674-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Evidence indicates that low-grade inflammation is involved in manychronic diseases of ageing. Modifiable lifestyle factors including dietcan affect low-grade inflammation. Dietary patterns allow assessment of the complex interactions of food nutrients and health and may be associated with inflammatory status. This systematic review aimed to summarises current evidence from observational studies for associations between dietary patterns and inflammatory biomarkers in the general adult population. This review followed the PRISMA guidelines. Methods We conducted a systematic search in Embase, CINAHL Complete, Global Health and MEDLINE complete databases. Search terms included terms for diet (“dietary patterns”, “diet scores”) and inflammation (“inflammation“, “c-reactive protein“, “interleukin“). Results The search produced 7161 records. Duplicates were removed leaving 3164 for screening. There were 69 studies included (60 cross-sectional, 9 longitudinal). Papers included studies that were: 1) observational studies; 2) conducted in community-dwelling adults over 18 years of age; 3) assessed dietary patterns; 4) measured specified biomarkers of inflammation and 5) published in English. Dietary patterns were assessed using diet scores (n = 45), data-driven approaches (n = 22), both a data-driven approach and diet score (n = 2). The most frequently assessed biomarkers were CRP (n = 64) and/or IL-6 (n = 22). Cross-sectionally the majority of analyses reported an association between higher diet scores (mostly Mediterranean and anti-inflammatory diet scores) and lower inflammatory markers with 82 significant associations from 133 analyses. Only 22 of 145 cross-sectional analyses using data-driven approaches reported an association between a dietary patterns and lower inflammatory markers; the majority reported no association. Evidence of an association between dietary patterns and inflammatory markers longitudinally is limited, with the majority reporting no association. Conclusions Adherence to healthy, Mediterranean and anti-inflammatory dietary scores, appear to be associated with lower inflammatory status cross-sectionally. Future research could focus on longitudinal studies using a potential outcomes approach in the data analysis. Trial registration PROSPERO Registration Number CRD42019114501. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12937-021-00674-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Hart
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia.
| | - Susan J Torres
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia
| | - Sarah A McNaughton
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia
| | - Catherine M Milte
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia
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Contribution of minimally processed and ultra-processed foods to the cardiometabolic risk of Brazilian young adults: a cross-sectional study. NUTR HOSP 2021; 38:328-336. [PMID: 33586992 DOI: 10.20960/nh.03183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Introduction: the simultaneous increase in the prevalence of cardiometabolic diseases and in the consumption of ultraprocessed foods (UPF) suggests a possible relationship between UPF and cardiometabolic risk (CMR). Objective: to evaluate the association between food consumption, according to the degree of processing, and CMR in young adults. Methods: this is a comparative cross-sectional study in 120 Brazilian young adults aged 18-25 years, categorized by the presence of CMR. Food consumption was investigated using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire, and classified according to the extent of food processing. Food groups and tertiles in grams of unprocessed, minimally processed (MPF), processed and ultra-processed foods (UPF) were compared using the Kruskal-Wallis test. The associations of food consumption, according to level of processing (MPF and UPF), with CMR components were evaluated using logistic regression models. Results: a high caloric contribution of UPF was observed in the diet of this study population. The total energy intake from lipids in all foods (p = 0.04) and in UPF (p = 0.03) was greater in the group with CMR. A greater consumption of UPF was a risk factor for abdominal obesity (OR = 1.09; 95 % CI = 1.00-1.18) while a greater consumption of MPF was protective for LDL-c alterations independently of sex, physical activity, and alcohol intake (OR = 0.70; 95 % CI = 0.50-0.98). Conclusions: UPF contributed to a greater caloric intake from fat in the CMR, and was a risk factor for abdominal obesity. MPF was an independent protective factor for LDL-c alterations.
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Romanidou M, Tripsianis G, Hershey MS, Sotos-Prieto M, Christophi C, Moffatt S, Constantinidis TC, Kales SN. Association of the Modified Mediterranean Diet Score (mMDS) with Anthropometric and Biochemical Indices in US Career Firefighters. Nutrients 2020; 12:E3693. [PMID: 33265967 PMCID: PMC7759922 DOI: 10.3390/nu12123693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet is associated with multiple health benefits, and the modified Mediterranean Diet Score (mMDS) has been previously validated as a measure of Mediterranean diet adherence. The aim of this study was to examine associations between the mMDS and anthropometric indices, blood pressure, and biochemical parameters in a sample of career firefighters. The participants were from Indiana Fire Departments, taking part in the "Feeding America's Bravest" study, a cluster-randomized controlled trial that aimed to assess the efficacy of a Mediterranean diet intervention. We measured Mediterranean diet adherence using the mMDS. Anthropometric, blood pressure, and biochemical measurements were also collected. Univariate and multivariate linear regression models were used. In unadjusted analyses, many expected favorable associations between the mMDS and cardiovascular disease risk factors were found among the 460 firefighters. After adjustment for age, gender, ethnicity, physical activity, and smoking, a unitary increase in the mMDS remained associated with a decrease of the total cholesterol/HDL ratio (β-coefficient -0.028, p = 0.002) and an increase of HDL-cholesterol (β-coefficient 0.254, p = 0.004). In conclusion, greater adherence to the Mediterranean diet was associated with markers of decreased cardiometabolic risk. The mMDS score is a valid instrument for measuring adherence to the Mediterranean diet and may have additional utility in research and clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Romanidou
- Department of Medical Statistics, Medical Faculty, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece;
| | - Grigorios Tripsianis
- Department of Medical Statistics, Medical Faculty, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece;
| | - Maria Soledad Hershey
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Navarra Institute for Health Research, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
| | - Mercedes Sotos-Prieto
- Department of Environmental Health, T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02215, USA or (M.S.-P.); (C.C.); (S.N.K.)
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, IdiPaz (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario La Paz), Calle del Arzobispo Morcillo 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Research Network Centre of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Health Institute, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Costas Christophi
- Department of Environmental Health, T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02215, USA or (M.S.-P.); (C.C.); (S.N.K.)
- Cyprus International Institute for Environmental and Public Health, Cyprus University of Technology, 30 Archbishop Kyprianou Str., Lemesos 3036, Cyprus
| | - Steven Moffatt
- National Institute for Public Safety Health, IN 324 E New York Street, Indianapolis, IN 46204, USA;
| | - Theodoros C. Constantinidis
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Environmental Protection, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece;
| | - Stefanos N. Kales
- Department of Environmental Health, T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02215, USA or (M.S.-P.); (C.C.); (S.N.K.)
- Occupational Medicine, Cambridge Health Alliance/Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02319, USA
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Missikpode C, Ricardo AC, Durazo-Arvizu RA, Manoharan A, Mattei J, Isasi CR, Mossavar-Rahmani Y, Talavera GA, Sotres-Alvarez D, Daviglus ML, Lash JP. Association of Diet Quality Indices with Longitudinal Changes in Kidney Function in U.S. Hispanics/Latinos: Findings from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL). KIDNEY360 2020; 2:50-62. [PMID: 35368818 PMCID: PMC8785733 DOI: 10.34067/kid.0004552020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Background Recent studies suggest an association between diet quality and incident CKD. However, Hispanics/Latinos were under-represented in these studies. We examined the relationship of diet quality with change in kidney function in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL). Methods Individuals who participated in HCHS/SOL visits 1 (2008-2011) and 2 (2014-2017) were analyzed (n=9921). We used Alternate Healthy Eating Index 2010 (AHEI-2010), Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), and Mediterranean Diet (MeDS) scores as measures of dietary quality. Scores were calculated from two 24-hour dietary recalls administered at visit 1 and categorized into quartiles of each dietary score (higher quartiles correspond to a healthier diet). Kidney function was assessed at both visits using eGFR and urine albumin-creatinine ratio (UACR). Annualized change was computed as the difference in eGFR or UACR between visits divided by follow-up time in years. Weighted linear-regression models were used to examine the association between quartiles of each dietary quality index and annualized change in eGFR and UACR, adjusted for potential confounders. Results At visit 1, the mean (SD) age of participants was 41 (0.28) years, and 56% were female. The baseline mean eGFR was 107.1 ml/min per 1.73 m2, and baseline median UACR was 6.1 mg/g. On average, eGFR declined by 0.65 ml/min per 1.73 m2 per year, and UACR increased by 0.79 mg/g per year over a 6-year period. Lower AHEI-2010 quartiles were associated with eGFR decline in a dose-response manner (P trend=0.02). Higher AHEI-2010 quartiles showed a trend toward lower annualized change in UACR, but the result did not reach significance. Neither MeDS nor DASH scores were associated with eGFR decline or change in UACR. Conclusions Unhealthy diet, assessed at baseline by AHEI-2010, was associated with kidney-function decline over 6 years. Improving the quality of foods and nutrients according to the AHEI-2010 may help maintain kidney function in the Hispanic/Latino community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celestin Missikpode
- Institute for Minority Health Research, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Ana C. Ricardo
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Ramon A. Durazo-Arvizu
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences Campus, Maywood, Illinois
| | - Anjella Manoharan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Josiemer Mattei
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Carmen R. Isasi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Yasmin Mossavar-Rahmani
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | | | | | - Martha L. Daviglus
- Institute for Minority Health Research, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - James P. Lash
- Institute for Minority Health Research, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois,Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
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Sotos-Prieto M, Ruiz-Canela M, Song Y, Christophi C, Mofatt S, Rodriguez-Artalejo F, Kales SN. The Effects of a Mediterranean Diet Intervention on Targeted Plasma Metabolic Biomarkers among US Firefighters: A Pilot Cluster-Randomized Trial. Nutrients 2020; 12:E3610. [PMID: 33255353 PMCID: PMC7761450 DOI: 10.3390/nu12123610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolomics is improving the understanding of the mechanisms of the health effects of diet. Previous research has identified several metabolites associated with the Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet), but knowledge about longitudinal changes in metabolic biomarkers after a MedDiet intervention is scarce. A subsample of 48 firefighters from a cluster-randomized trial at Indianapolis fire stations was randomly selected for the metabolomics study at 12 months of follow up (time point 1), where Group 1 (n = 24) continued for another 6 months in a self-sustained MedDiet intervention, and Group 2 (n = 24), the control group at that time, started with an active MedDiet intervention for 6 months (time point 2). A total of 225 metabolites were assessed at the two time points by using a targeted NMR platform. The MedDiet score improved slightly but changes were non-significant (intervention: 24.2 vs. 26.0 points and control group: 26.1 vs. 26.5 points). The MedDiet intervention led to favorable changes in biomarkers related to lipid metabolism, including lower LDL-C, ApoB/ApoA1 ratio, remnant cholesterol, M-VLDL-CE; and higher HDL-C, and better lipoprotein composition. This MedDiet intervention induces only modest changes in adherence to the MedDiet and consequently in metabolic biomarkers. Further research should confirm these results based on larger study samples in workplace interventions with powerful study designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Sotos-Prieto
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, IdiPaz (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario La Paz), Calle del Arzobispo Morcillo 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Biomedical Research Network Centre of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Health Institute, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (C.C.); (S.N.K.)
| | - Miguel Ruiz-Canela
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, IdiSNA, University of Navarra, 31009 Pamplona, Spain;
- Biomedical Research Network Centre for Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Carlos III Health Institute, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Yiqing Song
- Department of Epidemiology, Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
| | - Costas Christophi
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (C.C.); (S.N.K.)
- Cyprus International Institute for Environmental and Public Health, Cyprus University of Technology, 30 Archbishop Kyprianou Str., 3036 Lemesos, Cyprus
| | - Steven Mofatt
- National Institute for Public Safety Health, Indianapolis, IN 46204, USA;
| | - Fernando Rodriguez-Artalejo
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, IdiPaz (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Universitario La Paz), Calle del Arzobispo Morcillo 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Biomedical Research Network Centre of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Health Institute, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- IMDEA-Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Stefanos N. Kales
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (C.C.); (S.N.K.)
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Cambridge Health Alliance, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02145, USA
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Shang Y, Zhou H, Hu M, Feng H. Effect of Diet on Insulin Resistance in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2020; 105:5867491. [PMID: 32621748 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The effect of diet on insulin resistance (IR) in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is controversial. Thus, we conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate whether diet could reduce IR in women with PCOS while providing optimal and precise nutrition advice for clinical practice. DESIGN The search was conducted in 8 databases through June 30, 2019. The systematic review was performed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines. A random-effects model was adopted to calculate the overall effects. RESULTS A total of 19 trials (1193 participants) were included. The analysis showed that diet was significantly related to improvements in IR and body composition (eg, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, fasting insulin, fasting plasma glucose, body mass index [BMI], weight, and waist circumference) in PCOS patients. The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet and calorie-restricted diets might be the optimal choices for reducing IR and improving body composition, respectively, in the PCOS population. Additionally, the effects were associated with the course of treatment. The longer the duration, the greater the improvement was. Compared with metformin, diet was also advantageous for weight loss (including BMI and weight) and had the same effects on insulin regulation. CONCLUSION Overall, our findings suggest that diet is an effective, acceptable and safe intervention for relieving IR, and professional dietary advice should be offered to all PCOS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Shang
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Huifang Zhou
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Minghui Hu
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Hua Feng
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, China
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Cutillas-Tolín A, Adoamnei E, Navarrete-Muñoz EM, Vioque J, Moñino-García M, Jørgensen N, Chavarro JE, Mendiola J, Torres-Cantero AM. Adherence to diet quality indices in relation to semen quality and reproductive hormones in young men. Hum Reprod 2020; 34:1866-1875. [PMID: 31560742 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dez157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Is adherence to an a priori defined diet quality indices [Alternate Healthy Index 2010 (AHEI-2010), relative Mediterranean diet score (rMED) or dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH)] associated with semen quality and reproductive hormone levels in young men? SUMMARY ANSWER Greater adherence to the DASH diet is related to higher sperm counts. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Studies assessing the relationship between dietary intake and male reproductive function have mainly been focused on specific nutrients, food groups or data-driven dietary patterns, but the evidence on a priori defined dietary indices is still scarce. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION Cross-sectional study of 209 male university students recruited from October 2010 to November 2011 in Murcia Region (Southern Spain). PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Healthy young men aged 18-23 years were included in this study. Diet was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire and three a priori-defined dietary indices (AHEI-2010, rMED and DASH) were calculated. Linear regression was used to analyze the relation between the three dietary indices and semen quality parameters and reproductive hormone levels accounting for potential confounders and covariates. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE We found statistically significant positive associations between the DASH index and sperm concentration (P, trend = 0.04), total sperm count (P, trend = 0.04) and total motile sperm count (P, trend = 0.02). No associations were observed for other semen parameters or male reproductive hormones. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION Even though we adjusted for several known and suspected confounders we cannot exclude the possibility of residual or unmeasured confounding or chance findings. Subjects were blinded to the study outcomes thus reducing the potential influence on their report of diet. Our sample size may be too small to rule out associations with other semen parameters or reproductive hormones. Causal inference is limited, as usual with all observational studies. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS The results suggest that greater adherence to the DASH may help improve sperm counts. This study was carried out on young men from the general population. However, results may differ among other populations (e.g. infertile men). Therefore, further research is needed to confirm these findings and extend these results to other populations. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This work was supported by Fundación Séneca, grants No 08808/PI/08 and No 19443/PI/14; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (AES), grants No PI10/00985 and No PI13/01237; and grant P30DK046200 from the National Institutes of Health. Authors have no competing interests to declare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cutillas-Tolín
- Division of Preventive Medici ne and Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Murcia School of Medicine, Murcia, Spain
- Health Research Methodology Group, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), El Palmar, Murcia, Spain
| | - Evdochia Adoamnei
- Division of Preventive Medici ne and Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Murcia School of Medicine, Murcia, Spain
- Health Research Methodology Group, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), El Palmar, Murcia, Spain
| | - Eva M Navarrete-Muñoz
- Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, University Miguel Hernández, San Juan de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL - FISABIO Foundation), Alicante, Spain
| | - Jesús Vioque
- Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, University Miguel Hernández, San Juan de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL - FISABIO Foundation), Alicante, Spain
| | - Miriam Moñino-García
- Division of Preventive Medici ne and Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Murcia School of Medicine, Murcia, Spain
- Health Research Methodology Group, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), El Palmar, Murcia, Spain
| | - Niels Jørgensen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, University of Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jorge E Chavarro
- Department of Nutrition and Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jaime Mendiola
- Division of Preventive Medici ne and Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Murcia School of Medicine, Murcia, Spain
- Health Research Methodology Group, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), El Palmar, Murcia, Spain
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto M Torres-Cantero
- Division of Preventive Medici ne and Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Murcia School of Medicine, Murcia, Spain
- Health Research Methodology Group, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), El Palmar, Murcia, Spain
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine, "Virgen de la Arrixaca" University Clinical Hospital, El Palmar, Murcia, Spain
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Noel SE, Mangano KM, Mattei J, Griffith JL, Dawson-Hughes B, Bigornia S, Tucker KL. Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension, Mediterranean, and Alternative Healthy Eating indices are associated with bone health among Puerto Rican adults from the Boston Puerto Rican Osteoporosis Study. Am J Clin Nutr 2020; 111:1267-1277. [PMID: 32386194 PMCID: PMC7266690 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqaa090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Conflicting results on associations between dietary quality and bone have been noted across populations, and this has been understudied in Puerto Ricans, a population at higher risk of osteoporosis than previously appreciated. OBJECTIVE To compare cross-sectional associations between 3 dietary quality indices [Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), Alternative Health Eating Index (AHEI-2010), and Mediterranean Diet Score (MeDS)] with bone outcomes. METHOD Participants (n = 865-896) from the Boston Puerto Rican Osteoporosis Study (BPROS) with complete bone and dietary data were included. Indices were calculated from validated food frequency data. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured using DXA. Associations between dietary indices (z-scores) and their individual components with BMD and osteoporosis were tested with ANCOVA and logistic regression, respectively, at the lumbar spine and femoral neck, stratified by male, premenopausal women, and postmenopausal women. RESULTS Participants were 59.9 y ± 7.6 y and mostly female (71%). Among postmenopausal women not taking estrogen, DASH (score: 11-38) was associated with higher trochanter (0.026 ± 0.006 g/cm2, P <0.001), femoral neck (0.022 ± 0.006 g/cm2, P <0.001), total hip (0.029 ± 0.006 g/cm2, P <0.001), and lumbar spine BMD (0.025 ± 0.007 g/cm2, P = 0.001). AHEI (score: 25-86) was also associated with spine and all hip sites (P <0.02), whereas MeDS (0-9) was associated only with total hip (P = 0.01) and trochanter BMD (P = 0.007) in postmenopausal women. All indices were associated with a lower likelihood of osteoporosis (OR from 0.54 to 0.75). None of the results were significant for men or premenopausal women. CONCLUSIONS Although all appeared protective, DASH was more positively associated with BMD than AHEI or MeDS in postmenopausal women not taking estrogen. Methodological differences across scores suggest that a bone-specific index that builds on existing indices and that can be used to address dietary differences across cultural and ethnic minority populations should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina E Noel
- Department of Biomedical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, USA,Address correspondence to SEN (e-mail: )
| | - Kelsey M Mangano
- Department of Biomedical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, USA
| | - Josiemer Mattei
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John L Griffith
- Department of Health Sciences, Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bess Dawson-Hughes
- Jean Mayer US Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sherman Bigornia
- Department of Agriculture, Nutrition, and Food Systems, University of New Hampshire Durham, Durham, MA, USA
| | - Katherine L Tucker
- Department of Biomedical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, USA
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Deng X, Wang P, Yuan H. Epidemiology, risk factors across the spectrum of age-related metabolic diseases. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2020; 61:126497. [PMID: 32247247 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2020.126497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Population aging is dynamic process of increasing proportion of older adults in the total population, which is an inescapable result of decline in fertility rate and extension in life expectancy. Inevitably, age-related metabolic diseases, for example obesity, type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, dyslipidemia, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, are becoming epidemic globally along with the demographic transition. CONTENT The review examines the literatures related to: 1) the epidemiology of age related metabolic diseases including obesity, type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, dyslipidemia, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; and 2) the risk factors of age related metabolic diseases including genetic factors, diet, smoking, Physical activity, intestinal microbiota and environmental factors. CONCLUSION Population aging is becoming epidemic worldwide, resulting in increasing incidence and prevalence of a serious of age-related metabolic diseases. Both genetic and environmental factors contribute to the diseases, thus interventions targeting on these factors may have beneficial effect on the development of age-related metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinru Deng
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450003, China
| | - Pengxu Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450003, China
| | - Huijuan Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450003, China.
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Perez-Hernandez LM, Nugraheni K, Benohoud M, Sun W, Hernández-Álvarez AJ, Morgan MRA, Boesch C, Orfila C. Starch Digestion Enhances Bioaccessibility of Anti-Inflammatory Polyphenols from Borlotti Beans ( Phaseolus vulgaris). Nutrients 2020; 12:E295. [PMID: 31978996 PMCID: PMC7070432 DOI: 10.3390/nu12020295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The consumption of beans has been associated with chronic disease prevention which may be attributed to the polyphenols present in the seed coat and endosperm. However, their bioaccessibility is likely to be limited by interactions with bean matrix components, including starch, protein and fibre. The aim of this project was to evaluate the effect of domestic processing and enzymatic digestion on the bioaccessibility of polyphenols from Borlotti beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) and to test their anti-inflammatory properties in a macrophage cell model. In vitro digestion of cooked beans released twenty times more polyphenols (40.4 ± 2.5 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g) than domestic processing (2.22 ± 0.1 mg GAE/g), with starch digestion contributing to the highest release (30.9 ± 0.75 mg GAE/g). Fluorescence microscopy visualization of isolated bean starch suggests that polyphenols are embedded within the granule structure. LC-MS analysis showed that cooked Borlotti bean contain flavonoids, flavones and hydroxycinnamic acids, and cooked bean extracts exerted moderate anti-inflammatory effects by decreasing mRNA levels of IL1β and iNOS by 25% and 40%, respectively. In conclusion, the bioaccessibility of bean polyphenols is strongly enhanced by starch digestion. These polyphenols may contribute to the health benefits associated with bean consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Margarita Perez-Hernandez
- Nutritional Sciences and Epidemiology, School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; (L.M.P.-H.); (K.N.); (W.S.); (A.J.H.-Á.); (M.R.A.M.); (C.B.)
| | - Kartika Nugraheni
- Nutritional Sciences and Epidemiology, School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; (L.M.P.-H.); (K.N.); (W.S.); (A.J.H.-Á.); (M.R.A.M.); (C.B.)
| | | | - Wen Sun
- Nutritional Sciences and Epidemiology, School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; (L.M.P.-H.); (K.N.); (W.S.); (A.J.H.-Á.); (M.R.A.M.); (C.B.)
| | - Alan Javier Hernández-Álvarez
- Nutritional Sciences and Epidemiology, School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; (L.M.P.-H.); (K.N.); (W.S.); (A.J.H.-Á.); (M.R.A.M.); (C.B.)
| | - Michael R. A. Morgan
- Nutritional Sciences and Epidemiology, School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; (L.M.P.-H.); (K.N.); (W.S.); (A.J.H.-Á.); (M.R.A.M.); (C.B.)
| | - Christine Boesch
- Nutritional Sciences and Epidemiology, School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; (L.M.P.-H.); (K.N.); (W.S.); (A.J.H.-Á.); (M.R.A.M.); (C.B.)
| | - Caroline Orfila
- Nutritional Sciences and Epidemiology, School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; (L.M.P.-H.); (K.N.); (W.S.); (A.J.H.-Á.); (M.R.A.M.); (C.B.)
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Zamora-Ilarionov A, Rodriguez L. The use of eHealth to design a regional health promotion program in the workplace: Institute of Costa Rican Electricity case series. Mhealth 2020; 6:44. [PMID: 33437840 PMCID: PMC7793017 DOI: 10.21037/mhealth-19-231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of sustainable health promotion programs in the workplace requires a coordinated systematic approach. Costs and resources often cause barriers to implement workplace programs in low-and middle-income countries. The objective of the case series is to evaluate the feasibility of health informatics to evaluate and monitor the physical activity and dietary habits of individuals in the workplace on a small scale as a preparation to implement the health promotion program across a company in Costa Rica. Participants were 25 employees where 17 participants had a body mass index (BMI) of 25.0 km/m2 or more. This case series assesses and evaluates patient data during an 8-week period using multiple tools of eHealth technologies such as an Electronic Health Record (EHR), a Personal Health Record (PHR), electronic surveys and fitness trackers with compatible mobile applications. Adherence to wearing Fitbit was high and stable with a mean of 97.5% over 30 days (n=16). The participants in the first week walked on average 8,239 steps but, at the end of the fourth week, the average steps decreased to 7,798. The dietary electronic survey was answered satisfactorily by 86.6% of the employees (n=25). The employees scored on average 35 out of 100 on a diet quality scale. The consumption of vegetables, beans, whole grains, nuts and seeds is lower than the recommended dietary guidelines of 60. The integration of eHealth technologies can provide a clearer understanding of the employees' health situation to more appropriately allocate efforts to promote behavior change where needed most.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Zamora-Ilarionov
- Translational Nutrition Research and Innovation Center (CIINT), San José, Costa Rica
- School of Medicine, Hispano-American University, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Laura Rodriguez
- Department of Occupational Health, Institute of Costa Rican Electricity, San José, Costa Rica
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Sotos-Prieto M, Smith CE, Lai CQ, Tucker KL, Ordovas JM, Mattei J. Mediterranean Diet Adherence Modulates Anthropometric Measures by TCF7L2 Genotypes among Puerto Rican Adults. J Nutr 2020; 150:167-175. [PMID: 31504696 PMCID: PMC6946896 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxz210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) genetic variants that predispose individuals to type 2 diabetes (T2D) show inconsistent associations with anthropometric traits. Interaction between TCF7L2 genotypes and dietary factors may help explain these observations. OBJECTIVE We aimed to examine the potential modulation of TCF7L2-rs7903146 and rs12255372 on anthropometric markers by a Mediterranean diet (MedDiet). METHODS Cross-sectional analysis was conducted in 1120 participants (aged 45-75 y) of the Boston Puerto Rican Health Study. Anthropometric variables were measured, and polymorphisms were genotyped using standardized protocols. Diet was assessed using a validated FFQ. The MedDiet was defined based on adherence to 9 food and nutrient components using sex-specific population-based median cut-offs; high adherence was defined as meeting ≥4 components. Haplotypes were tested for association with obesity traits, independently and via interaction with the MedDiet. RESULTS TCF7L2-rs7903146 showed significant interaction with the MedDiet influencing BMI, weight, and waist circumference. The T risk-allele carriers (CT + TT) with a high MedDiet score had lower weight (77.3 ± 1.0 compared with CC 80.9 ± 1.0 kg; P = 0.013) and waist circumference (99.2 ± 0.9 compared with CC 102.2 ± 0.9 cm; P = 0.021), when compared with CC participants. A low MedDiet score resulted in no significant differences between genotypes. For TCF7L2-rs12255372, we found significant interactions with the MedDiet for weight (P-interaction = 0.034) and BMI (P-interaction = 0.036). The T allele carriers with a higher MedDiet score showed a trend of lower but no significant differences when compared with CC participants for BMI (P = 0.19), weight (P = 0.09), and waist circumference (P = 0.11). We found significant interactions between the 2 risk-carrying haplotypes and the MedDiet compared with the common haplotype (GC), with lower BMI (β ± SE, TT: -1.53 ± 0.68; P-interaction = 0.024), weight (TT: -4.16 ± 1.77; P-interaction = 0.019), and waist circumference (GT: -5.07 ± 2.50; P-interaction = 0.042) at a high MedDiet score. CONCLUSION Puerto Ricans with the TCF7L2-rs7903146 and rs12255372 T2D risk genotypes, although still high, had better anthropometric profiles when adhering to a MedDiet, suggesting that this diet may offset unfavorable genetic predisposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Sotos-Prieto
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard University TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Food and Nutrition Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University Autonomous of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Caren E Smith
- Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA-Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chao-Qiang Lai
- Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA-Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Katherine L Tucker
- Department of Biomedical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA, USA
| | - José M Ordovas
- Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA-Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
- IMDEA-Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Josiemer Mattei
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard University TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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Olza J, Martínez de Victoria E, Aranceta-Bartrina J, González-Gross M, Ortega RM, Serra-Majem L, Varela-Moreiras G, Gil Á. Adequacy of Critical Nutrients Affecting the Quality of the Spanish Diet in the ANIBES Study. Nutrients 2019; 11:E2328. [PMID: 31581518 PMCID: PMC6835880 DOI: 10.3390/nu11102328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Diet is one of the key modifiable behaviors that can help to control and prevent non-communicable chronic diseases. Therefore, it is important to evaluate the overall diet composition of the population through non-invasive and independent indexes or scores as diet quality indexes (DQIs). The primary aim of the present work was to estimate the adequacy of the intake of critical nutrients in the Spanish "Anthropometry, Intake, and Energy Balance Study" (ANIBES) (n = 2285; 9-75 years), considering, as a reference, the European Food Scientific Authority (EFSA) values for nutrients for the European Union. We also assessed the quality of the diet for adults and older adults using four internationally accepted DQIs, namely the Healthy Diet Indicator (HDI), the Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS), the Mediterranean Diet Score-modified (MDS-mod), and the Mediterranean-Diet Quality Index (MED-DQI), as well as the ANIBES-DQI, stratified by education and income. The ANIBES-DQI was based on compliance with EFSA and Food and Agriculture Organization recommendations for a selected group of nutrients (i.e., total fat, saturated fatty acids (SFAs), simple sugars, fiber, calcium, vitamin C, and vitamin A), with a total range of 0-7. Misreporting was assessed according to the EFSA protocol, which allowed us to assess the DQIs for both the general population and plausible reporters. The majority of the Spanish population had high intakes of SFAs and sugars and low intakes of fiber, folate, and vitamins A and C. In addition, about half of the population had low DQI scores and exhibited low adherence to the Mediterranean diet pattern. Overall, older adults (>65-75 years) showed better DQIs than adults (18-64 years), without major differences between men and women. Moreover, primary education and low income were associated with low MDS and ANIBES-DQI scores. For the ANIBES-DQI, the percentage of the population with low scores was higher in the whole population (69.5%) compared with the plausible energy reporters (49.0%), whereas for medium and high scores the percentages were higher in plausible reporters (41.2% vs. 26.2% and 9.8% vs. 4.3%, respectively). In conclusion, the present study adds support to marked changes in the Mediterranean pattern in Spain, and low education and income levels seem to be associated with a low-quality diet. Additionally, the misreported evaluation in the ANIBES population suggests that this analysis should be routinely included in nutrition surveys to give more precise and accurate data related to nutrient intake and diet quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josune Olza
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Granada, Campus de la Salud, Avda. del Conocimiento, Armilla, 18100 Granada, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain.
- CIBEROBN, Biomedical Research Networking Center for Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Carlos III Health Institute, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Emilio Martínez de Victoria
- Department of Physiology, School of Pharmacy Institute of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Granada, Campus de la Salud, Avda. del Conocimiento, Armilla, 18100 Granada, Spain.
| | - Javier Aranceta-Bartrina
- CIBEROBN, Biomedical Research Networking Center for Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Carlos III Health Institute, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, c/Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Marcela González-Gross
- CIBEROBN, Biomedical Research Networking Center for Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Carlos III Health Institute, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- ImFINE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, c/Martín Fierro 7, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Rosa M Ortega
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Madrid Complutense University, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Lluis Serra-Majem
- CIBEROBN, Biomedical Research Networking Center for Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Carlos III Health Institute, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (IUBS), and Service of Preventive Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno Infantil (CHUIMI), Canary Health Service, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
| | - Gregorio Varela-Moreiras
- Spanish Nutrition Foundation (FEN), 28010 Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, CEU San Pablo University, Urb. Montepríncipe, Crta. Boadilla Km 53, Boadilla del Monte, 28668 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ángel Gil
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Granada, Campus de la Salud, Avda. del Conocimiento, Armilla, 18100 Granada, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain.
- CIBEROBN, Biomedical Research Networking Center for Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Carlos III Health Institute, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
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Cuevas AG, Wang K, Williams DR, Mattei J, Tucker KL, Falcon LM. The Association Between Perceived Discrimination and Allostatic Load in the Boston Puerto Rican Health Study. Psychosom Med 2019; 81:659-667. [PMID: 31145378 PMCID: PMC7026860 DOI: 10.1097/psy.0000000000000715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Perceived discrimination is a risk factor for poor health among ethnic and racial minority groups. However, few studies have examined the association between major lifetime and everyday perceived discrimination and allostatic load (AL), a preclinical indicator of disease. We examine the association between two measures of discrimination and AL among Puerto Rican adults. METHODS Using primarily wave 3 data from the longitudinal Boston Puerto Rican Health Study, we examined the association between major lifetime and everyday perceived discrimination and AL (multisystem dysregulation of 11 physiological components) among Puerto Rican adults residing in the Boston metro area (N = 882). Five models were tested using multivariable regression. The final model adjusted for demographic factors, migration factors, socioeconomic status and work history, health behaviors/risk factors, and depressive symptom. RESULTS Respondents had a M (SD) AL score of 5.11 (1.76; range = 0-11). They had an average score of 0.21 (0.42) for major lifetime perceived discrimination (0-3) and 0.29 (0.49) for everyday perceived discrimination (0-3). In a fully adjusted model, major lifetime perceived discrimination was associated with greater AL (b = 0.56; 95% CI = 0.19 to 0.92), whereas greater everyday perceived discrimination was marginally, but not significantly, associated with lower AL (b = -0.42; 95% CI = -0.87 to 0.04). CONCLUSIONS Perceived discrimination remains a common stressor and may be a determinant of AL for Puerto Ricans, although the type of perceived discrimination may have differing effects. Further research is needed to better understand the ways in which major lifetime and everyday perceived discrimination operate to effect physiological systems among Puerto Ricans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adolfo G Cuevas
- From the Department of Community Health (Cuevas), Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts; School of Social Work (Wang), Texas State University, San Marcos; Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences (Williams), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston; Department of African and African American Studies (Williams), Harvard University, Cambridge; Department of Nutrition (Mattei), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; and Department of Biomedical and Nutritional Sciences (Tucker), and College of Fine Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences (Falcon), University of Massachusetts Lowell
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Food insecurity and dietary intake by Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program participation status among mainland US Puerto Rican adults after the 2009 American Recovery and Reinvestment Act. Public Health Nutr 2019; 22:2989-2998. [PMID: 31397252 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980019002209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The 2009 American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) increased monthly Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) benefits and expanded SNAP eligibility, yet limited evidence exists on the potential impact of ARRA on dietary intake among at-risk individuals. We aimed to examine pre-/post-ARRA differences in food insecurity (FI) and dietary intake by SNAP participation status. DESIGN Pre/post analysis. SETTING Boston, MA, USA. PARTICIPANTS Data were from the longitudinal Boston Puerto Rican Health Study (2007-2015). The US Department of Agriculture ten-item adult module assessed FI. A validated FFQ assessed dietary intake. Diet quality was assessed using the Alternate Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI-2010). Self-reported pre-/post-ARRA household SNAP participation responses were categorized as: sustained (n 249), new (n 95) or discontinued (n 58). We estimated differences in odds of FI and in mean nutrient intakes and AHEI-2010 scores post-ARRA. RESULTS Compared with pre-ARRA, OR (95 % CI) of FI post-ARRA were lower for all participants (0·69 (0·51, 0·94)), and within sustained (0·63 (0·43, 0·92)) but not within new (0·94 (0·49, 1·80)) or discontinued (0·63 (0·25, 1·56)) participants. Post-ARRA, total carbohydrate intake was higher, and alcohol intake was lower, for sustained and new participants, and dietary fibre was higher for sustained participants, compared with discontinued participants. Scores for AHEI-2010 and its components did not differ post-ARRA, except for lower alcohol intake for sustained v. discontinued participants. CONCLUSIONS Post-ARRA, FI decreased for sustained participants and some nutrient intakes were healthier for sustained and new participants. Continuing and expanding SNAP benefits and eligibility likely protects against FI and may improve dietary intake.
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Mattei J, Bigornia SJ, Sotos-Prieto M, Scott T, Gao X, Tucker KL. The Mediterranean Diet and 2-Year Change in Cognitive Function by Status of Type 2 Diabetes and Glycemic Control. Diabetes Care 2019; 42:1372-1379. [PMID: 31123154 PMCID: PMC6647047 DOI: 10.2337/dc19-0130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine associations of a Mediterranean diet score (MeDS) with 2-year change in cognitive function by type 2 diabetes and glycemic control status and contrast it against other diet quality scores. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We used data from the longitudinal Boston Puerto Rican Health Study (n = 913; 42.6% with type 2 diabetes at 2 years). Glycemic control at baseline was categorized as uncontrolled (hemoglobin A1c ≥7% [53 mmol/mol]) versus controlled. Two-year change in glycemic control was defined as stable/improved versus poor/declined. We defined MeDS, Healthy Eating Index, Alternate Healthy Eating Index, and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension scores. Adjusted mixed linear models assessed 2-year change in global cognitive function z score, executive and memory function, and nine individual cognitive tests. RESULTS Higher MeDS, but no other diet quality score, was associated with higher 2-year change in global cognitive function in adults with type 2 diabetes (β ± SE = 0.027 ± 0.011; P = 0.016) but not in those without (P = 0.80). Similar results were noted for Mini-Mental State Examination, word recognition, digit span, and clock drawing tests. Results remained consistent for individuals under glycemic control at baseline (0.062 ± 0.020; P = 0.004) and stable/improved over 2 years (0.053 ± 0.019; P = 0.007), but not for individuals with uncontrolled or poor/declined glycemic control. All diet quality scores were associated with higher 2-year memory function in adults without type 2 diabetes. CONCLUSIONS Both adhering to a Mediterranean diet and effectively managing type 2 diabetes may support optimal cognitive function. Healthy diets, in general, can help improve memory function among adults without type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josiemer Mattei
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Sherman J Bigornia
- Department of Agriculture, Nutrition, and Food Systems, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH
| | - Mercedes Sotos-Prieto
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- Division of Food and Nutrition Sciences, and Diabetes Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Tammy Scott
- Neuroscience and Aging Laboratory, Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Boston, MA
| | - Xiang Gao
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
| | - Katherine L Tucker
- Department of Biomedical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA
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Joyce BT, Wu D, Hou L, Dai Q, Castaneda SF, Gallo LC, Talavera GA, Sotres-Alvarez D, Van Horn L, Beasley JM, Khambaty T, Elfassy T, Zeng D, Mattei J, Corsino L, Daviglus ML. DASH diet and prevalent metabolic syndrome in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos. Prev Med Rep 2019; 15:100950. [PMID: 31367513 PMCID: PMC6657306 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2019.100950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet is recommended for lowering blood pressure and preventing cardiovascular disease (CVD), but little data exist on these associations in US Hispanics/Latinos. We sought to assess associations between DASH score and prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components in diverse Hispanics/Latinos. We studied 10,741 adults aged 18–74 in the multicenter Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos. Dietary intake was measured using two 24-hour recalls, and MetS defined per the 2009 harmonized guidelines. We assessed cross-sectional associations of DASH score and MetS (and its dichotomized components) using survey logistic regression, and DASH and MetS continuous components using linear regression. We also stratified these models by Hispanic/Latino heritage group to explore heritage-specific associations. We found no associations between DASH and MetS prevalence. DASH was inversely associated with both measures of blood pressure (p < 0.01 for systolic and p < 0.001 for diastolic) in the overall cohort. DASH was also inversely associated with diastolic blood pressure in the Mexican (p < 0.05), Central American (p < 0.05), and South American (p < 0.01) groups; triglycerides (p < 0.05) in the Central American group; fasting glucose overall (p < 0.01) and in the Mexican group (p < 0.01); and waist circumference overall (p < 0.05) and in the South American group (p < 0.01). DASH was positively associated with HDL-cholesterol (p < 0.01) in the Central American group. DASH may better capture diet-MetS associations in Hispanic/Latino subpopulations such as Central/South Americans; this study also adds evidence that Hispanics/Latinos should be analyzed by heritage. Further research, and/or culturally tailored DASH measures will help further explain between-heritage differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian T. Joyce
- Center for Population Epigenetics, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 680 N. Lake Shore Dr., Suite 1400, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Corresponding author.
| | - Donghong Wu
- Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lifang Hou
- Center for Population Epigenetics, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 680 N. Lake Shore Dr., Suite 1400, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Qi Dai
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Sheila F. Castaneda
- San Diego State University, Graduate School of Public Health, Division of Health Promotion and Behavioral Science, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Linda C. Gallo
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Gregory A. Talavera
- Division of Health Promotion and Behavioral Science, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Daniela Sotres-Alvarez
- Collaborative Studies Coordinating Center, Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Linda Van Horn
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jeannette M. Beasley
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Innovation, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tasneem Khambaty
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
| | - Tali Elfassy
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Donglin Zeng
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Josiemer Mattei
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Leonor Corsino
- Department of Medicine/Endocrinology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Martha L. Daviglus
- Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
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Dietary Intake and Its Determinants Among Adults Living in the Metropolitan Area of Puerto Rico. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11071598. [PMID: 31337152 PMCID: PMC6683066 DOI: 10.3390/nu11071598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
There is scarce information regarding the dietary intake of adults living in Puerto Rico (PR). We aimed to assess intake of nutrients and foods, adherence to recommended intake of nutrients and diet quality, and sociodemographic and lifestyle factors correlated with diet quality among adults in the San Juan metropolitan area of PR. Data were obtained from participants of the cross-sectional convenience-sample Puerto Rico Assessment of Diet, Lifestyle, and Diseases (n = 248; ages 30-75 years). Diet quality was defined using the Alternate Healthy Eating Index 2010 (AHEI; range 0-110 indicating lower-higher quality). Linear regression models were used to relate AHEI to sociodemographic and lifestyle factors. Most participants met the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) for iron, folate, and vitamins B12 and B6; 61% met the EAR for magnesium and 56% for calcium. Only 4% met the EAR for vitamin D, and 7% met the adequate intake for potassium. The main contributors to total energy intake were sugary beverages (11.8%), sweets/desserts (10.2%), dairy (8.5%), mixed dishes (7.6%), starches (6.3%), fast foods (5.5%), and rice (4.9%). The mean (SD) AHEI score was 59.8 (11.0). The lowest AHEI components for which recommended servings were met were red/processed meats, fruit, sodium, sugary beverages, and polyunsaturated fats, and the highest were nuts/legumes, omega-3 fats, and whole grains. Significantly higher AHEI scores were noted for older adults, other ethnicities (vs. Puerto Rican), being single, having some college or higher education, and never/formerly smoking. Adults living in PR report healthy and unhealthy dietary intakes, providing an opportunity to improve diet at the population level.
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Mattei J, McClain AC, Falcón LM, Noel SE, Tucker KL. Dietary Acculturation among Puerto Rican Adults Varies by Acculturation Construct and Dietary Measure. J Nutr 2018; 148:1804-1813. [PMID: 30383277 PMCID: PMC6669953 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxy174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The role of acculturation in dietary behaviors among Hispanics/Latinos in the United States remains unclear. Discrepancies may be explained by variations in acculturation constructs or ethnicity-specific dynamics. Objective We aimed to compare relations between 3 different acculturation constructs with dietary quality and patterns among Puerto Ricans in the mainland United States. Methods We analyzed cross-sectional data with 1194-1380 Puerto Ricans, aged 45-75 y. Acculturation was measured with the use of a language-based scale (0-100; higher score denotes more English use), a psychological-based scale (0-50; higher score denotes stronger US orientation), and years living in the mainland United States. Diet quality scores (higher scores denote healthier diet) were defined with the use of the Alternate Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI) and the Mediterranean Diet Score (MeDS). Three dietary patterns were previously derived with the use of principal components analysis. Adjusted multivariable regression models tested the association of each acculturation construct with diet quality score or pattern. Interaction terms were included for income or education status. Results Psychological-based acculturation, but not the other constructs, was positively associated with AHEI (β ± SE: 0.013 ± 0.004; P = 0.002) and MeDS (0.009 ± 0.005; P = 0.041). Income, but not education, moderated this association (P = 0.03), with higher diet quality observed with higher income (>$25,000) and stronger US orientation. All constructs were inversely associated with a traditional dietary pattern, with the language-based scale being stronger (z score β ± SE: -0.160 ± 0.032; P < 0.0001) than the psychological-based scale (-0.097 ± 0.028; P = 0.001) or years living in the mainland United States (-0.058 ± 0.028; P = 0.041). No associations were observed for the Western or sweets/desserts patterns. Conclusions In Puerto Rican adults, stronger psychological US orientation was associated with higher diet quality, particularly with higher income. More Spanish use, stronger psychological Puerto Rican orientation, and shorter length of mainland-US residency were associated with traditional dietary patterns. Appropriate diet-related acculturation constructs should be carefully considered among Hispanics/Latinos. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01231958.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josiemer Mattei
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA,Address correspondence to JM (e-mail: )
| | - Amanda C McClain
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Luis M Falcón
- College of Fine Arts, Humanities & Social Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA
| | - Sabrina E Noel
- Department of Biomedical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA
| | - Katherine L Tucker
- Department of Biomedical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA
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Bigornia SJ, Scott TM, Harris WS, Tucker KL. Prospective Associations of Erythrocyte Composition and Dietary Intake of n-3 and n-6 PUFA with Measures of Cognitive Function. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10091253. [PMID: 30200655 PMCID: PMC6164488 DOI: 10.3390/nu10091253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) consumption is recommended as part of a healthy diet, but evidence of the impact of individual species and biological concentrations on cognitive function is limited. We examined prospective associations of PUFA erythrocyte composition and dietary intake with measures of cognitive function among participants of the Boston Puerto Rican Health Study (aged 57 years). Erythrocyte and dietary PUFA composition were ascertained at baseline and associated with 2-year scores on the Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE) (n = 1032) and cognitive domain patterns derived from a battery of tests (n = 865), as well as with incidence of cognitive impairment. Erythrocyte and dietary n-3 PUFA were not significantly associated with MMSE score. However, total erythrocyte and dietary n-3 very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFA), and intake of individual species, were associated with better executive function (P-trend < 0.05, for all). There was evidence that greater erythrocyte n-6 eicosadienoic acid concentration was associated with lower MMSE and executive function scores (P-trend = 0.02). Only erythrocyte arachidonic acid (ARA) concentration predicted cognitive impairment (Odds Ratio = 1.26; P = 0.01). Among Puerto Rican adults, we found that n-3 VLCFA consumption may beneficially impact executive function. Further, these findings provide some evidence that n-6 metabolism favoring greater ARA tissue incorporation, but not necessarily dietary intake, could increase the risk of cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherman J Bigornia
- Department of Agriculture, Nutrition, and Food Systems, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA.
| | - Tammy M Scott
- USDA Jean Mayer Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
| | - William S Harris
- Medicine, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD 57105, USA.
- Omegaquant, LLC, Sioux Falls, SD 57105, USA.
| | - Katherine L Tucker
- Department of Biomedical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854, USA.
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Eggersdorfer M, Akobundu U, Bailey RL, Shlisky J, Beaudreault AR, Bergeron G, Blancato RB, Blumberg JB, Bourassa MW, Gomes F, Jensen G, Johnson MA, Mackay D, Marshall K, Meydani SN, Tucker KL. Hidden Hunger: Solutions for America's Aging Populations. Nutrients 2018; 10:E1210. [PMID: 30200492 PMCID: PMC6165209 DOI: 10.3390/nu10091210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The global population, including the United States, is experiencing a demographic shift with the proportion of older adults (aged ≥ 65 years) growing faster than any other age group. This demographic group is at higher risk for developing nutrition-related chronic conditions such as heart disease and diabetes as well as infections such as influenza and pneumonia. As a result, an emphasis on nutrition is instrumental for disease risk reduction. Unfortunately, inadequate nutrient status or deficiency, often termed hidden hunger, disproportionately affects older adults because of systematic healthcare, environmental, and biological challenges. This report summarizes the unique nutrition challenges facing the aging population and identifies strategies, interventions, and policies to address hidden hunger among the older adults, discussed at the scientific symposium "Hidden Hunger: Solutions for America's Aging Population", on March 23, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manfred Eggersdorfer
- DSM Nutritional Products AG, Human Nutrition and Health, 4002 Basel, Switzerland.
- Department of Healthy Ageing, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | | | - Regan L Bailey
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
| | - Julie Shlisky
- The Sackler Institute for Nutrition Science, The New York Academy of Sciences, New York, NY 10007, USA.
| | | | - Gilles Bergeron
- The Sackler Institute for Nutrition Science, The New York Academy of Sciences, New York, NY 10007, USA.
| | - Robert B Blancato
- National Coordinator, Defeat Malnutrition Today, Washington, DC 20006, USA.
| | - Jeffrey B Blumberg
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging and Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
| | - Megan W Bourassa
- The Sackler Institute for Nutrition Science, The New York Academy of Sciences, New York, NY 10007, USA.
| | - Filomena Gomes
- The Sackler Institute for Nutrition Science, The New York Academy of Sciences, New York, NY 10007, USA.
| | - Gordon Jensen
- Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA.
| | - Mary Ann Johnson
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA.
| | - Douglas Mackay
- Council for Responsible Nutrition, Washington, DC 20036, USA.
| | | | - Simin Nikbin Meydani
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging and Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
| | - Katherine L Tucker
- Biomedical & Nutritional Sciences Department, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854, USA.
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48
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Sotos-Prieto M, Mattei J. Mediterranean Diet and Cardiometabolic Diseases in Racial/Ethnic Minority Populations in the United States. Nutrients 2018; 10:E352. [PMID: 29538339 PMCID: PMC5872770 DOI: 10.3390/nu10030352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 02/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) has been recommended to the general population by many scientific organizations as a healthy dietary pattern, based on strong evidence of association with improved cardiometabolic health, including lower risk of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and obesity. However, most studies have been conducted in Mediterranean or European countries or among white populations in the United States (US), while few exist for non-Mediterranean countries or racial/ethnic minority populations in the US. Because most existing studies evaluating adherence to the MedDiet use population-specific definitions or scores, the reported associations may not necessarily apply to other racial/ethnic populations that may have different distributions of intake. Moreover, racial/ethnic groups may have diets that do not comprise the typical Mediterranean foods captured by these scores. Thus, there is a need to determine if similar positive effects from following a MedDiet are observed in diverse populations, as well as to identify culturally-relevant foods reflected within Mediterranean-like patterns, that can facilitate implementation and promotion of such among broader racial/ethnic groups. In this narrative review, we summarize and discuss the evidence from observational and intervention studies on the MedDiet and cardiometabolic diseases in racial/ethnic minority populations in the US, and offer recommendations to enhance research on MedDiet for such populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Sotos-Prieto
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
- Department of Food Sciences and Nutrition, School of Applied Health Sciences and Wellness, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA.
- Diabetes Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA.
| | - Josiemer Mattei
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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49
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McClain AC, Ayala GX, Sotres-Alvarez D, Siega-Riz AM, Kaplan RC, Gellman MD, Gallo LC, Van Horn L, Daviglus ML, Perera MJ, Mattei J. Frequency of Intake and Type of Away-from- Home Foods Consumed Are Associated with Diet Quality in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL). J Nutr 2018; 148:453-463. [PMID: 29546313 PMCID: PMC6251533 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxx067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Away-from-home foods (AFHFs) influence diet quality, a modifiable obesity risk factor, with limited generalizable evidence in Hispanic/Latino adults. Objective We investigated associations between AFHF intake with diet quality and overweight or obesity among US Hispanic/Latino adults. Methods Cross-sectional baseline (2008-2011) analyses included adults (n = 16,045) aged 18-74 y in the national Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos. Participants self-reported AFHF consumption frequency from 10 different settings and dietary intake (2-d 24-h recall). The Alternate Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI-2010) was used to measure diet quality; higher scores indicated a healthier diet and scores were categorized into tertiles. WHO classifications categorized overweight [body mass index (BMI; kg/m2): 25.0-29.9] and obesity (BMI ≥30). Multivariate-adjusted associations of AFHF frequency or type with AHEI-2010, overweight, or obesity were assessed by using complex survey logistic regression (ORs and 95% CIs). Results Almost half of participants (47.1%) reported eating AFHFs ≥5 times/wk. The mean ± SE AHEI-2010 score was 47.5 ± 0.2. More than one-third (37.2%) were classified as overweight and 39.6% classified as obese. Compared with consuming AFHFs ≥5 times/wk, consuming AFHFs <1 time/wk or 1-2 times/wk was associated with greater odds of being in higher AHEI-2010 tertiles, indicating a healthier diet [<1 time/wk-tertile 2: OR (95% CI): 1.6 (1.4, 1.9); tertile 3: 2.5 (2.1, 3.1); 1-2 times/wk-tertile 2: OR (95% CI): 1.4 (1.2, 1.6); tertile 3: 1.5 (1.2, 1.8)]. Consumption of AFHFs ≥1 time/wk from each AFHF setting, compared with consumption of any AFHFs <1 time/wk was associated with lower odds of being in higher AHEI-2010 tertiles. Increasing AFHF intake frequency was not associated with odds of overweight or obesity. Eating from on-street vendors ≥1 time/wk was associated with obesity (OR: 1.5; 95% CI: 1.1, 2.0). Conclusions Consumption of AFHFs was prevalent among Hispanic/Latino adults and was associated with poorer diet quality. Findings may help to identify dietary targets to improve diet quality and prevent obesity in US Hispanics/Latinos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda C McClain
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Harvard
University, Boston, MA
| | - Guadalupe X Ayala
- College of Health and Human Services and Institute for Behavioral and Community
Health, and Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA
| | - Daniela Sotres-Alvarez
- Collaborative Studies Coordinating Center, Department of Biostatistics,
University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Anna Maria Siega-Riz
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville,
VA
| | - Robert C Kaplan
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of
Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Marc D Gellman
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Miami, FL
| | - Linda C Gallo
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA
| | - Linda Van Horn
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern
University, Chicago, IL
| | - Martha L Daviglus
- Institute for Minority Health Research, College of Medicine, University of
Illinois, Chicago, IL
| | | | - Josiemer Mattei
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Harvard
University, Boston, MA
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50
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Bettermann EL, Hartman TJ, Easley KA, Ferranti EP, Jones DP, Quyyumi AA, Vaccarino V, Ziegler TR, Alvarez JA. Higher Mediterranean Diet Quality Scores and Lower Body Mass Index Are Associated with a Less-Oxidized Plasma Glutathione and Cysteine Redox Status in Adults. J Nutr 2018; 148:245-253. [PMID: 29490099 PMCID: PMC6251672 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxx045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Both systemic redox status and diet quality are associated with risk outcomes in chronic disease. It is not known, however, the extent to which diet quality influences plasma thiol/disulfide redox status. Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of diet, as measured by diet quality scores and other dietary factors, on systemic thiol/disulfide redox status. Methods We performed a cross-sectional study of 685 working men and women (ages ≥18 y) in Atlanta, GA. Diet was assessed by 3 diet quality scores: the Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI), Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), and the Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS). We measured concentrations of plasma glutathione (GSH), cysteine, their associated oxidized forms [glutathione disulfide (GSSG) and cystine (CySS), respectively], and their redox potentials (EhGSSG and EhCySS) to determine thiol/disulfide redox status. Linear regression modeling was performed to assess relations between diet and plasma redox after adjustment for age, body mass index (BMI), sex, race, and history of chronic disease. Results MDS was positively associated with plasma GSH (β = 0.02; 95% CI: 0.003, 0.03) and total GSH (GSH + GSSG) (β = 0.02; 95% CI: 0.003, 0.03), and inversely associated with the CySS:GSH ratio (β = -0.02; 95% CI: -0.04, -0.004). There were significant independent associations between individual MDS components (dairy, vegetables, fish, and monounsaturated fat intake) and varying plasma redox indexes (P < 0.05). AHEI and DASH diet quality indexes and other diet factors of interest were not significantly correlated with plasma thiol and disulfide redox measures. Conclusion Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was significantly associated with a favorable plasma thiol/disulfide redox profile, independent of BMI, in a generally healthy working adult population. Although longitudinal studies are warranted, these findings contribute to the feasibility of targeting a Mediterranean diet to improve plasma redox status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika L Bettermann
- Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins
School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Terryl J Hartman
- Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins
School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Kirk A Easley
- Departments of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public
Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Erin P Ferranti
- Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Dean P Jones
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine,Center for Clinical and Molecular Nutrition and Divisions of Cardiology and
Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipids, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of
Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Arshed A Quyyumi
- Divisions of Cardiology and Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipids, Department
of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Viola Vaccarino
- Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins
School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Thomas R Ziegler
- Center for Clinical and Molecular Nutrition and Divisions of Cardiology and
Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipids, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of
Medicine, Atlanta, GA,Center for Clinical and Molecular Nutrition and Divisions of Endocrinology,
Metabolism & Lipids, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine,
Atlanta, GA,Section of Endocrinology, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Atlanta,
GA
| | - Jessica A Alvarez
- Center for Clinical and Molecular Nutrition and Divisions of Cardiology and
Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipids, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of
Medicine, Atlanta, GA,Center for Clinical and Molecular Nutrition and Divisions of Endocrinology,
Metabolism & Lipids, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine,
Atlanta, GA,Address correspondence to JAA (E-mail: )
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