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Divya D, Ramanjaneyulu M, Nandhagopal M, Srinivasan V, Thennarasu S. A fluorescent chemosensor for selective detection of chromium (III) ions in environmentally and biologically relevant samples. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 316:124286. [PMID: 38663135 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/15/2024]
Abstract
A simple single step one pot multicomponent reaction was performed to synthesize N-(tert-butyl)-2-(furan-2-yl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-3-amine (TBFIPA). The synthesized TBFIPA was subjected to library of cations to study its ability for selective and sensitive detection of specific metal ions. Selective detection of chromium ions by TBFIPA were found from the significant hypsochromic shift (335 nm → 285 nm) in the UV-Visible spectra. The fluorescent TBFIPA displays complete quenching of fluorescence under UV lamp (365 nm) only in the presence of chromium without the interference of common metal ions. Binding constant (ka) obtained from Benesi-Hildebrand plot is 0.21 × 105 M-1, limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) of TBFIPA toward Cr3+ ions are 4.70 × 10-7 M and 1.56 × 10-7 M, respectively. The mechanism proposed during complex formation were supported by stoichiometric Job continuous variation plot, 1H NMR titration and ESI-MS spectroscopic data. All the experimental confirmation for complex formation were corroborated with theoretical DFT studies optimized using RB3LYP/6-31G(d) basis set. The selectivity and sensitivity of TBFIPA toward Cr3+ ions are found suitable to design a user-friendly silica based portable test kit. Alongside, TBFIPA was successfully utilized for imaging onion epidermal cells. Furthermore, the results obtained for biological, environmental, and industrial samples provided solid evidence to estimate chromium ions using TBFIPA in these real samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhakshinamurthy Divya
- Department of Chemistry, Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology, Avadi, Chennai 600062, Tamil Nadu, India; Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai 600020, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mala Ramanjaneyulu
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai 600020, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Manivannan Nandhagopal
- Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Thandalam, Chennai 602105, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Venkatesan Srinivasan
- Department of Chemistry, Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology, Avadi, Chennai 600062, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sathiah Thennarasu
- Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai 600020, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Vincent JB. Is chromium(III) pharmacologically relevant? An update focused on studies with diabetic rodent models. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2024; 84:127453. [PMID: 38653006 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
A decade ago, the author assessed the status of chromium as the trivalent ion as an essential element and as a therapeutic agent based on rodent studies for this journal. The current review was undertaken to update considerations regarding the status of chromium, focusing on studies of Cr supplementation of diabetic rodent models over the last decade. Cr can no longer be considered an essential trace element for humans. Observed effects of Cr on rodent models of insulin resistance and diabetes are best interpreted in terms of a pharmacological role for Cr. The review of studies on the effects of Cr on rat models of diabetes is updated, and the results continue to suggest Cr increases insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues of the rodent models. The lack of effects in human studies may stem from humans receiving a comparably smaller dose than the rodent models. However, given the different responses to Cr in the rodent models, humans could potentially have different responses to Cr. Recent studies primary utilizing rodents suggest two potential complementary but also contradictory modes of action for Cr(III) at a molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- John B Vincent
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487-0336, USA.
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Wang L, Jia B, Teng Z, Cao H, Miao Y, Guo H, Li T. Iron-based materials functionalized with carbon and phosphorus recovered from sludge enhanced the formation of stable minerals to passivate lead and chromium in wastewater and soil. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 359:142340. [PMID: 38754487 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
The bioaccumulation and toxicity of heavy metals are serious threats to human activities and ecological health. The exploitation of environmentally friendly passivated materials is major importance for the remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil. This research developed a new type of environmental functional material with a core-shell structure, which is an iron-based material functionalized with phosphorus and carbon from sludge for heavy metal pollution remediation. The results indicated that the C/P@Fe exhibits excellent heavy metal removal ability, and the maximum removal rates of the two heavy metals in simulated wastewater could reach 100% under optimum reaction conditions. It also effectively converts the labile Cr/Pb into the stable fraction after 28 days of incubation, which increased the maximum residual fraction percentage of Cr and Pb by 32.43% and 160% in soil. Further analysis found that the carbon layer wrapped around the iron base could improve the electron transport efficiency of reducing iron, phosphorus and ferrum could react with heavy metal ions to form stable minerals, such as FeCr2O4, FeO·Cr2O3, Pb5(PO4)3OH, PbCO3, 2PbCO3·Pb(OH)2 and PbS, after reacting with C/P@Fe. The study demonstrated that the Iron-based materials functionalized with carbon and phosphorus from sludge provided a more efficient way to remove heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyan Wang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Bojie Jia
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing, 100083, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Beijing Engineering Research Centre of Process Pollution Control, National Engineering Research Center of Green, Recycling for Strategic Metal Resources, Innovation Academy for Green Manufacture, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Zedong Teng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Beijing Engineering Research Centre of Process Pollution Control, National Engineering Research Center of Green, Recycling for Strategic Metal Resources, Innovation Academy for Green Manufacture, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Hao Cao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Beijing Engineering Research Centre of Process Pollution Control, National Engineering Research Center of Green, Recycling for Strategic Metal Resources, Innovation Academy for Green Manufacture, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yanli Miao
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing, 100083, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Beijing Engineering Research Centre of Process Pollution Control, National Engineering Research Center of Green, Recycling for Strategic Metal Resources, Innovation Academy for Green Manufacture, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Huiyuan Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Beijing Engineering Research Centre of Process Pollution Control, National Engineering Research Center of Green, Recycling for Strategic Metal Resources, Innovation Academy for Green Manufacture, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tinggang Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Beijing Engineering Research Centre of Process Pollution Control, National Engineering Research Center of Green, Recycling for Strategic Metal Resources, Innovation Academy for Green Manufacture, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China; Key Laboratory of Rare Earths, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Cleaner Production of Rare Earths, Ganjiang Innovation Academy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ganzhou, 341119, China; State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Preparation and Delivery, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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Chen Y, Guo Y, Wang C, Liu J, Jin L, Li Z, Ren A, Wang L. Chromium levels in placental tissue and neural tube defects: Association and mechanistic study. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 352:124126. [PMID: 38735460 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Human exposure to chromium (Cr) is common but little is known about its adverse effects on pregnancy outcomes. This study aimed to explore the association between Cr exposure and the risk of neural tube defects (NTDs) and the underlying mechanisms of Cr-induced NTDs. 593 controls and 408 NTD cases with placentas were included in this study. Chromium trichloride (Cr(III)) and potassium dichromate (Cr(VI)) were intragastrically administered to pregnant mice and the number of NTDs was recorded. The odds ratio for total NTDs in the highest exposure group in placenta was 4.18 (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.97-8.84). The incidence of fetal NTDs in mice administered with Cr(III) showed a dose-response relationship. Cr(VI) didn't show teratogenicity of NTDs whereas increased the stillbirth rate. Prenatal exposure to Cr(III) increased levels of oxidative stress and apoptosis in fetal mice. RNA-sequencing results indicated significant enrichment of the MAPK pathway. RT-qPCR and Western blot analysis revealed that Cr(III) induced increased expression of p-JNK, p-P38, and Casp3. Toxicological effects can be partly antagonized by antioxidant supplementation. High chromium exposure was associated with increased human NTD risks. Excessive Cr(III) exposure can induce NTDs in fetal mice by increasing apoptosis through upgrading oxidative stress and then activating JNK/P38 MAPK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongyan Chen
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, China
| | - Yingnan Guo
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, China
| | - Chengrong Wang
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, China
| | - Jufen Liu
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Jin
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiwen Li
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, China
| | - Aiguo Ren
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, China
| | - Linlin Wang
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, China.
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Graham DR, Drummond E, Barrido M, Vincent JB. Binding Chromium(III) to Form Mixed Cr(III),Fe(III) Serum Transferrins. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:3377-3382. [PMID: 37943387 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03917-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Transferrin, Tf, the protein that transports iron as Fe(III) from the blood to the tissues via endocytosis, is believed to also transport Cr(III). Under physiological conditions, Tf binds and releases Cr(III) rapidly from Cr(III)2-Tf; however, the major form of Tf in the bloodstream is mono-ferric Tf (Fe(III)-Tf). Given the low concentration of Cr(III) in the bloodstream, the form of Cr(III)-containing Tf that is transported is probably monochromic, monoferric-Tf (Cr(III),Fe(III)-Tf). Given that Tf has two specific metal-binding sites, one in both its C-terminal and its N-terminal lobe, two forms of Cr(III),Fe(III)-Tf can form. The binding of Cr(III) to mono-ferric Tf to generate both forms of Cr(III),Fe(III)-Tf has been examined in detail for the first time. The addition of Cr(III) to monoferric Tfs in 100 mM HEPES and 25 mM bicarbonate solution, pH 7.4, resulted in a rapid binding of Cr(III) to the open metal-binding site of the Tfs. Titrations of the monoferric Tfs with Cr(III) indicate the tight binding on one Cr(III) in each case. The binding of Cr(III) to monoferric Tfs is accompanied by conformational changes similar to adding two equivalents of Cr(III) to apoTf. Thus, mono-ferric Tfs bind one equivalent of Cr(III) rapidly and tightly to form mixed Cr(III),Fe(III)-Tfs. Cr(III) is probably transported as mixed Cr(III),Fe(III)-Tfs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan R Graham
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35487-0336, USA
| | - Eilidh Drummond
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35487-0336, USA
| | - Marlena Barrido
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35487-0336, USA
| | - John B Vincent
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35487-0336, USA.
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Fresa K, Catandi GD, Whitcomb L, Gonzalez-Castro RA, Chicco AJ, Carnevale EM. Adiposity in mares induces insulin dysregulation and mitochondrial dysfunction which can be mitigated by nutritional intervention. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13992. [PMID: 38886475 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-64628-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a complex disease associated with augmented risk of metabolic disorder development and cellular dysfunction in various species. The goal of the present study was to investigate the impacts of obesity on the metabolic health of old mares as well as test the ability of diet supplementation with either a complex blend of nutrients designed to improve equine metabolism and gastrointestinal health or L-carnitine alone to mitigate negative effects of obesity. Mares (n = 19, 17.9 ± 3.7 years) were placed into one of three group: normal-weight (NW, n = 6), obese (OB, n = 7) or obese fed a complex diet supplement for 12 weeks (OBD, n = 6). After 12 weeks and completion of sample collections, OB mares received L-carnitine alone for an additional 6 weeks. Obesity in mares was significantly associated with insulin dysregulation, reduced muscle mitochondrial function, and decreased skeletal muscle oxidative capacity with greater ROS production when compared to NW. Obese mares fed the complex diet supplement had better insulin sensivity, greater cell lipid metabolism, and higher muscle oxidative capacity with reduced ROS production than OB. L-carnitine supplementation alone did not significantly alter insulin signaling, but improved lipid metabolism and muscle oxidative capacity with reduced ROS. In conclusion, obesity is associated with insulin dysregulation and altered skeletal muscle metabolism in older mares. However, dietary interventions are an effective strategy to improve metabolic status and skeletal muscle mitochondrial function in older mares.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle Fresa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Giovana D Catandi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Luke Whitcomb
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Raul A Gonzalez-Castro
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Adam J Chicco
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Elaine M Carnevale
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA.
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Grover K, Koblova A, Pezacki AT, Chang CJ, New EJ. Small-Molecule Fluorescent Probes for Binding- and Activity-Based Sensing of Redox-Active Biological Metals. Chem Rev 2024; 124:5846-5929. [PMID: 38657175 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Although transition metals constitute less than 0.1% of the total mass within a human body, they have a substantial impact on fundamental biological processes across all kingdoms of life. Indeed, these nutrients play crucial roles in the physiological functions of enzymes, with the redox properties of many of these metals being essential to their activity. At the same time, imbalances in transition metal pools can be detrimental to health. Modern analytical techniques are helping to illuminate the workings of metal homeostasis at a molecular and atomic level, their spatial localization in real time, and the implications of metal dysregulation in disease pathogenesis. Fluorescence microscopy has proven to be one of the most promising non-invasive methods for studying metal pools in biological samples. The accuracy and sensitivity of bioimaging experiments are predominantly determined by the fluorescent metal-responsive sensor, highlighting the importance of rational probe design for such measurements. This review covers activity- and binding-based fluorescent metal sensors that have been applied to cellular studies. We focus on the essential redox-active metals: iron, copper, manganese, cobalt, chromium, and nickel. We aim to encourage further targeted efforts in developing innovative approaches to understanding the biological chemistry of redox-active metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karandeep Grover
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Alla Koblova
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Aidan T Pezacki
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Christopher J Chang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Elizabeth J New
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
- Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
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Abdel-Hady EA. Chromium picolinate supplementation improves cardiac performance in hypoxic rats. Acta Cardiol 2024; 79:387-397. [PMID: 36044000 DOI: 10.1080/00015385.2022.2041782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Conditions associated with chronic hypoxia increase morbidity and mortality attributable to cardiovascular complications. Myocardial hypoxia is a common feature in several diseases including: stroke, infarction, anaemia, chronic lung diseases, obstructive sleep apnoea and cyanotic congenital heart defects. The present study was planned to investigate the cardiovascular effects of chronic intermittent hypoxia and its association with increased myocardial oxidative stress. In addition, to evaluate the protective effect of chromium supplementation, aiming at achieving an alternative that may enable to devise a therapy for hypoxic patients. METHODS Male rats were allocated into three groups: control group (normoxic), untreated hypoxic group (exposed to hypoxia 8 h/day, 5 days/week for 6 weeks) and hypoxic group supplemented with chromium picolinate (90 µg/kg/day by gavage). Rats were subjected to measurement of body weight, haematocrit value, mean arterial blood pressure, heart rate and ECG recording. Cardiac activities of isolated hearts were studied on Langendorff preparation under basal conditions and in response to ischaemia/reperfusion. Thereafter, cardiac weights were determined and cardiac tissue catalase activity as well as malondialdhyde level were assessed. RESULTS Significant results were obtained upon exposure to hypoxia including; low body weight, increased haematocrit, elevated blood pressure, left ventricular hypertrophy and impaired cardiac activities, basally and in response to ischaemia/reperfusion challenges, associated with increased oxidative stress in cardiac tissue. At the same time, chromium supplementation increased body weight, lowered blood pressure, reduced ventricular hypertrophy and significantly improved the cardiac performance. CONCLUSION Chromium supplementation confers protection against hypoxia-induced cardiovascular dysfunction by improvement of the antioxidant capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enas A Abdel-Hady
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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García-Rodríguez MDC, Hernández-Cortés LM, Montaño-Rodríguez AR, Pereyra-Mejía PS, Kacew S. A comparative study on chromium-induced micronuclei assessment in the peripheral blood of Hsd:ICR mice. J Appl Toxicol 2024; 44:526-541. [PMID: 37908139 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the genotoxic effects of chromium (Cr) in Hsd:ICR mice, considering factors such as oxidative state, apoptosis, exposure pathway, duration, pregnancy, and transplacental exposure. Genotoxicity was assessed using the erythrocytes' micronucleus (MN) assay, while apoptosis was evaluated in nucleated blood cells. The results showed that Cr(III) (CrK(SO4 )2 and CrCl3 ) did not induce any marked genotoxic damage. However, Cr(VI) (CrO3 , K2 Cr2 O7 , Na2 Cr2 O7 , and K2 CrO4 ) produced varying degrees of genotoxicity, with CrO3 being the most potent. MN frequencies increased following 24-h exposure, with a greater effect in male mice. Administering 20 mg/kg of CrO3 via gavage did not lead to significant effects compared to intraperitoneal administration. Short-term oral treatment with a daily dose of 8.5 mg/kg for 49 days elevated MN levels only on day 14 after treatment. Pregnant female mice exposed to CrO3 on day 15 of pregnancy exhibited reduced genotoxic effects compared to nonpregnant animals. However, significant increases in MN levels were found in their fetuses starting 48 h after exposure. In summary, data indicate the potential genotoxic effects of Cr, with Cr(VI) forms inducing higher genotoxicity than Cr(III). These findings indicate that gender, exposure route, and pregnancy status might influence genotoxic responses to Cr.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Del Carmen García-Rodríguez
- Laboratorio de Antimutagénesis, Anticarcinogénesis y Antiteratogénesis Ambiental, Facultad de Estudios Superiores-Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Lourdes Montserrat Hernández-Cortés
- Laboratorio de Antimutagénesis, Anticarcinogénesis y Antiteratogénesis Ambiental, Facultad de Estudios Superiores-Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ana Rosa Montaño-Rodríguez
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Neuroscience Center & Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pedro Salvador Pereyra-Mejía
- Laboratorio de Antimutagénesis, Anticarcinogénesis y Antiteratogénesis Ambiental, Facultad de Estudios Superiores-Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sam Kacew
- McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Bawiec P, Sawicki J, Łasińska-Pracuta P, Czop M, Sowa I, Helon P, Pietrzak K, Koch W. In Vitro Evaluation of Bioavailability of Cr from Daily Food Rations and Dietary Supplements from the Polish Market. Nutrients 2024; 16:1022. [PMID: 38613055 PMCID: PMC11013223 DOI: 10.3390/nu16071022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Only some of the nutrients consumed with food are able to be absorbed from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and enter the systemic circulation (blood). Because some elements are essential minerals for humans, their beneficial effect on the body depends significantly on their bioavailable amount (the fraction that can be absorbed and used by the organism). The term bioavailability, which is very often used to describe the part of nutrients that is able to be absorbed, is influenced by various factors of exogenous and endogenous origin. The main purpose of the study was to assess the relative bioavailability of Cr from selected dietary supplements in the presence of various types of diets, which significantly influence the level of bioavailability. The research was performed using a previously developed and optimized two-stage in vitro digestion model using cellulose dialysis tubes of food rations with the addition of pharmaceutical products. Cr was determined using the ICP-OES and GF-AAS methods, depending on its concentration in particular fractions. The determined relative bioavailability ranged between 2.97 and 3.70%. The results of the study revealed that the type of diet, the chemical form of the molecule, and the pharmaceutical form of preparations have a significant influence on the bioavailability of Cr.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Bawiec
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Medical University of Lublin, 4a Chodźki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (P.B.); (P.Ł.-P.); (K.P.)
| | - Jan Sawicki
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, 4a Chodźki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (J.S.); (I.S.)
| | - Paulina Łasińska-Pracuta
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Medical University of Lublin, 4a Chodźki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (P.B.); (P.Ł.-P.); (K.P.)
| | - Marcin Czop
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Medical University of Lublin, Radziwiłłowska 11 Str., 20-080 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Ireneusz Sowa
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, 4a Chodźki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (J.S.); (I.S.)
| | - Paweł Helon
- Branch in Sandomierz, Jan Kochanowski University of Kielce, Schinzla 13a Str., 27-600 Sandomierz, Poland;
| | - Karolina Pietrzak
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Medical University of Lublin, 4a Chodźki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (P.B.); (P.Ł.-P.); (K.P.)
| | - Wojciech Koch
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Medical University of Lublin, 4a Chodźki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (P.B.); (P.Ł.-P.); (K.P.)
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11
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Catandi GD, Fresa KJ, Cheng MH, Whitcomb LA, Broeckling CD, Chen TW, Chicco AJ, Carnevale EM. Follicular metabolic alterations are associated with obesity in mares and can be mitigated by dietary supplementation. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7571. [PMID: 38555310 PMCID: PMC10981747 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58323-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a growing concern in human and equine populations, predisposing to metabolic pathologies and reproductive disturbances. Cellular lipid accumulation and mitochondrial dysfunction play an important role in the pathologic consequences of obesity, which may be mitigated by dietary interventions targeting these processes. We hypothesized that obesity in the mare promotes follicular lipid accumulation and altered mitochondrial function of oocytes and granulosa cells, potentially contributing to impaired fertility in this population. We also predicted that these effects could be mitigated by dietary supplementation with a combination of targeted nutrients to improve follicular cell metabolism. Twenty mares were grouped as: Normal Weight [NW, n = 6, body condition score (BCS) 5.7 ± 0.3], Obese (OB, n = 7, BCS 7.7 ± 0.2), and Obese Diet Supplemented (OBD, n = 7, BCS 7.7 ± 0.2), and fed specific feed regimens for ≥ 6 weeks before sampling. Granulosa cells, follicular fluid, and cumulus-oocyte complexes were collected from follicles ≥ 35 mm during estrus and after induction of maturation. Obesity promoted several mitochondrial metabolic disturbances in granulosa cells, reduced L-carnitine availability in the follicle, promoted lipid accumulation in cumulus cells and oocytes, and increased basal oocyte metabolism. Diet supplementation of a complex nutrient mixture mitigated most of the metabolic changes in the follicles of obese mares, resulting in parameters similar to NW mares. In conclusion, obesity disturbs the equine ovarian follicle by promoting lipid accumulation and altering mitochondrial function. These effects may be partially mitigated with targeted nutritional intervention, thereby potentially improving fertility outcomes in the obese female.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovana D Catandi
- Equine Reproduction Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, 3101 Rampart Road, Fort Collins, CO, 80521, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
| | - Kyle J Fresa
- Equine Reproduction Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, 3101 Rampart Road, Fort Collins, CO, 80521, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Ming-Hao Cheng
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Luke A Whitcomb
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Corey D Broeckling
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Thomas W Chen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Adam J Chicco
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| | - Elaine M Carnevale
- Equine Reproduction Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, 3101 Rampart Road, Fort Collins, CO, 80521, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA.
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12
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Jurowski K, Krośniak M. The comprehensive strategy in the human health risk assessment of total chromium impurities in cough syrups with Marshmallow Root (Althaea officinalis) available in Polish pharmacies: regulatory aspects and special emphasis on Cr(VI) mode of action. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5293. [PMID: 38438482 PMCID: PMC10912266 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56057-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Chromium, which can currently only be considered pharmacologically active and not an essential element, is a very intriguing elemental impurity in final pharmaceutical products, especially traditional herbal medicinal products. This kind of traditional herbal medicinal product with Marshmallow root (Althaea officinalis L., radix) registered in the EU is widely used among the European population. The aim of this article is to propose a double regulatory strategy in assessing the human health risk of total chromium impurities in cough syrups with Marshmallow Root (Althaea officinalis) available in Polish pharmacies. We applied the strategy based on the requirements of the ICH Q3D (R1) guideline for the assessment of Cr impurities in final traditional herbal medicinal products with Marshmallow Root registered in the EU. Furthermore, we applied the strategy based on the concept of margin of exposure (MoE) considering Cr(VI) genotoxicity mode of action (MOA) and based on BMD10 for Cr(VI) as a point of departure (PoD). The total Cr content was in the range: 1.12-9.61 µg/L (in comparison with the ICH Q3D R1 guidelines: 1100 µg/g). Total Cr levels in a single dose were relatively high compared to raw results, but were not a threat to patients. Comparison of estimated results with oral PDE value for Cr in final drugs suggested by the ICH Q3D R1 guideline (10,700 µg/day) show that all the products analyzed were below this value (the highest result was 278.40 ng/day). Despite conservative assumptions, the MoE values obtained for Cr in daily dose for each Marshmallow Root cough syrup were above 10,000; therefore, exposure to Cr would not cause a health risk for specific population groups (children and adults). It can be summarized that each of the phytopharmaceuticals analysed with Marshmallow root available in Polish pharmacies does not represent a health hazard to patients. We confirm the safety of Cr impurities by applying a double regulatory strategy without the application of an expansive and demanding HPLC-ICP-MS technique for Cr speciation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Jurowski
- Laboratory of Innovative Toxicological Research and Analyses, Institute of Medical Studies, MedicalCollege, Rzeszo´w University, Al. mjr. W. Kopisto 2a, 35-959, Rzeszow, Poland.
- Department of Regulatory and Forensic Toxicology, Institute of Medical Expertises, ul. Aleksandrowska 67/93, 91-205, Lodz, Poland.
| | - Mirosław Krośniak
- Department of Food Chemistry and Nutrition, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
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13
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Guadalupe GA, Grandez-Yoplac DE, Arellanos E, Doménech E. Probabilistic Risk Assessment of Metals, Acrylamide and Ochratoxin A in Instant Coffee from Brazil, Colombia, Mexico and Peru. Foods 2024; 13:726. [PMID: 38472839 DOI: 10.3390/foods13050726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
This study analysed the probabilistic risk to consumers associated with the presence of iAs, Cd, Cr, Hg, Pb, acrylamide (AA) and ochratoxin A (OTA) in instant coffee from Brazil, Colombia, Mexico and Peru. The results found iAs to be the metal with the highest concentrations (3.50 × 10-2 to 6.00 × 10-2 mg/kg), closely followed by Pb (1.70 × 10-2 to 2.70 × 10-2 mg/kg) and Cr (5.00 × 10-3 to 1.00 × 10-2 mg/kg), although these differences were not significant between countries. Cd and Hg were not detected. Focusing on AA, the concentrations ranged from 1.77 × 10-1 mg/kg (Peru) to 4.77 × 10-1 mg/kg (Brazil), while OTA ranged from 1.32 × 10-3 (Peru) to 1.77 × 10-3 mg/kg (Brazil) with significant differences between countries in both cases. As regards risk, the hazard quotient and hazard index were less than 1, meaning that the consumption of instant coffee represents a low level of concern for non-genotoxic effects. The results of the combination of margin of exposure and probability of exceedance indicated that the non-genotoxic effects of Pb, AA and OTA pose no threat. However, the probability values of suffering cancer from iAs and AA (between 1 × 10-6 and 1 × 10-4) indicated a moderate risk and that management measures should be taken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grobert A Guadalupe
- Instituto de Investigación para el Desarrollo Sustentable de Ceja de Selva (INDES-CES), Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, 342 Higos Urco, Chachapoyas 01001, Peru
- Instituto de Investigación, Innovación y Desarrollo para el Sector Agrario y Agroindustrial de la Región Amazonas (IIDAA), Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Chachapoyas 01001, Peru
| | - Dorila E Grandez-Yoplac
- Instituto de Investigación, Innovación y Desarrollo para el Sector Agrario y Agroindustrial de la Región Amazonas (IIDAA), Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Chachapoyas 01001, Peru
| | - Erick Arellanos
- Instituto de Investigación en Ingeniería Ambiental (INAM), Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Higos Urco 342, Chachapoyas 01001, Peru
| | - Eva Doménech
- Instituto Universitario de Ingeniería de Alimentos Food-UPV, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
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14
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Nishimura K, Iitaka S, Sakaki T, Tsuji K, Yoshimoto A, Haque MA, Nakagawa H. Effect of long-term treatment with trivalent chromium on erythropoietin production in HepG2 cells. Arch Biochem Biophys 2024; 752:109872. [PMID: 38141908 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2023.109872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
Trivalent chromium (Cr(III)) is sometimes taken as a long-term supplement, but its effectiveness is unclear. Recently, Cr(III) reportedly modulates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) expression. Our previous study reported that increased PPARγ after 24 h Cr(III) treatment promoted erythropoietin (EPO) production in HepG2 cells. In the current study, we analyzed 4-week Cr(III) treatment effects on PPARγ and EPO production in HepG2 cells. Long-term Cr(III) treatment resulted in significantly elevated mRNA expression levels of PPARγ and EPO compared to controls. Additionally, treatment with a PPARγ inhibitor suppressed EPO mRNA expression. Increased EPO mRNA expression due to stimulation with hypoxia or cobalt was unaffected by long-term Cr(III) treatment. Administration of lipopolysaccharide and pyocyanin which causes oxidative stress, promoted EPO production, but this effect was attenuated in cells treated with Cr(III). Long-term Cr(III) treatment increased hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1α and 2α mRNA expression and protein levels. Increased PPARγ, induced by long-term Cr(III) treatment, suppressed sirtuin1 (SIRT1) mRNA expression and increased EPO mRNA expression, suggesting that increased PPARγ attenuated the suppressive effect of SIRT1 on HIF. These results suggest that the sustained increase in PPARγ during long-term Cr(III) treatment maintains increased EPO production through a mechanism different from that observed under hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiko Nishimura
- Laboratory of Bioenvironmental Sciences, Course of Veterinary Science, Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-58 Rinku Ohrai-Kita, Izumisano, Osaka, 598-8531, Japan.
| | - Suzuka Iitaka
- Laboratory of Bioenvironmental Sciences, Course of Veterinary Science, Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-58 Rinku Ohrai-Kita, Izumisano, Osaka, 598-8531, Japan
| | - Takuya Sakaki
- Laboratory of Bioenvironmental Sciences, Course of Veterinary Science, Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-58 Rinku Ohrai-Kita, Izumisano, Osaka, 598-8531, Japan
| | - Keigo Tsuji
- Laboratory of Bioenvironmental Sciences, Course of Veterinary Science, Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-58 Rinku Ohrai-Kita, Izumisano, Osaka, 598-8531, Japan
| | - Akari Yoshimoto
- Laboratory of Bioenvironmental Sciences, Course of Veterinary Science, Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-58 Rinku Ohrai-Kita, Izumisano, Osaka, 598-8531, Japan
| | - Md Anamul Haque
- Laboratory of Bioenvironmental Sciences, Course of Veterinary Science, Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-58 Rinku Ohrai-Kita, Izumisano, Osaka, 598-8531, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nakagawa
- Laboratory of Bioenvironmental Sciences, Course of Veterinary Science, Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-58 Rinku Ohrai-Kita, Izumisano, Osaka, 598-8531, Japan
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15
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Dong WJ, He SX, Li XY, Zeng JY, Li MY, Guan DX, Ma LQ. Chromium contents, distribution and bioaccessibility in cultivated mushrooms from market: Health implications for human consumption. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 461:132643. [PMID: 37774608 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Mushrooms are consumed worldwide as they constitute a part of traditional cuisine culture in many countries. However, chromium (Cr) accumulation in mushrooms may constitute a potential pathway for its chronical exposure to humans. In this work, the Cr contents, distribution and bioaccessibility in 140 cultivated mushrooms from 14 species in 10 top-producing provinces in China were examined. Total Cr contents were 0.09-4.71 mg·kg-1 dw (mean 0.74 mg kg-1), with 59% exceeding the 0.5 mg kg-1standard. Additionally, less Cr was accumulated in the caps than stipes, with Cr ratio in caps/stipes being 0.28-2.6, averaging 0.91. Based on the Solubility Bioaccessibility Research Consortium (SBRC) assay, the mean Cr bioaccessibility in the mushrooms was 24.8% and 50.1% in the gastric phase (GP) and intestinal phase (IP). However, samples from Guizhou show the lowest Cr bioaccessibility at 12.5% in GP and 24.8% in IP. Further, a negative correlation between total Cr contents and Cr bioaccessibility suggests that Cr bioaccessibility is critical for accurate assessment of Cr exposure. In addition, drying mushrooms increased their bioaccessibility in the gastric phase. This study shows a high Cr exceeding rate of cultivated mushrooms, which may indicate a potential exposure risk, with Cr contents and bioaccessibility showing species and regional variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jie Dong
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Si-Xue He
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xing-Yue Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jing-Yu Zeng
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Meng-Ya Li
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Prevention and Control, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Environmental Science, Nanjing 210036, China
| | - Dong-Xing Guan
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Lena Q Ma
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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16
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Abramiuk M, Mertowska P, Frankowska K, Świechowska-Starek P, Satora M, Polak G, Dymanowska-Dyjak I, Grywalska E. How Can Selected Dietary Ingredients Influence the Development and Progression of Endometriosis? Nutrients 2024; 16:154. [PMID: 38201982 PMCID: PMC10781184 DOI: 10.3390/nu16010154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis is a chronic, hormone-dependent disease characterized by the presence of endometrial tissue in ectopic locations. Since the treatment options for this disease are still limited, and the cure rate is unsatisfactory, the search for ways to treat symptoms and modify the course of the disease is of key importance in improving the quality of life of patients with endometriosis. So far, the literature has shown that nutrition can influence endometriosis through hormonal modification and altering the inflammatory or oxidative response. Since the importance of nutrition in this disease is still a subject of scientific research, we aimed to summarize the current knowledge on the role of dietary modifications in endometriosis. Our review showed that nutrients with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, including most vitamins and several trace elements, may influence the pathogenesis of endometriosis and can be considered as the nutrients preventing the development of endometriosis. However, despite the many discoveries described in this review, further interdisciplinary research on this topic seems to be extremely important, as in the future, it may result in the development of personalized therapies supporting the treatment of endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Abramiuk
- Independent Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Gynaecology and Gynaecological Endocrinology, Medical University of Lublin, Staszica 16 St., 20-081 Lublin, Poland; (G.P.); (I.D.-D.)
| | - Paulina Mertowska
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a St., 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (P.M.); (E.G.)
| | - Karolina Frankowska
- 1st Chair and Department of Oncological Gynecology and Gynecology, Students’ Scientific Association, Medical University of Lublin, Staszica 16 St., 20-081 Lublin, Poland; (K.F.); (M.S.)
| | - Paulina Świechowska-Starek
- 1st Chair and Department of Oncological Gynaecology and Gynaecology, Medical University of Lublin, Staszica 16 St., 20-081 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Małgorzata Satora
- 1st Chair and Department of Oncological Gynecology and Gynecology, Students’ Scientific Association, Medical University of Lublin, Staszica 16 St., 20-081 Lublin, Poland; (K.F.); (M.S.)
| | - Grzegorz Polak
- Independent Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Gynaecology and Gynaecological Endocrinology, Medical University of Lublin, Staszica 16 St., 20-081 Lublin, Poland; (G.P.); (I.D.-D.)
| | - Izabela Dymanowska-Dyjak
- Independent Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Gynaecology and Gynaecological Endocrinology, Medical University of Lublin, Staszica 16 St., 20-081 Lublin, Poland; (G.P.); (I.D.-D.)
| | - Ewelina Grywalska
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a St., 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (P.M.); (E.G.)
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17
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Alberghina F, McManus R, Keogh C, Turner H, Moore D, Noël J, Kennedy J, Kiely P. The Evaluation of Serum Metal Ion Levels and Metallosis in Graduated Patients With Magnetically Controlled Growing Rods. J Pediatr Orthop 2024; 44:43-48. [PMID: 37779282 DOI: 10.1097/bpo.0000000000002526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Magnetically controlled growing rods (MCGR) aim to control curve progression while limiting surgical burden in children with early-onset scoliosis. Systemic and local distribution of metal debris has been documented in children with spinal implants. The aim of the study was to assess serum metal ion levels and local metal debris-related changes at the conclusion of MCGR treatment. METHODS Between February 2019 and September 2022, all patients who had a conversion to definitive fusion at the completion of MCGR treatment in our institution were invited to participate in this study. Consenting patients had serum metal ion levels drawn (titanium, cobalt, and chromium) and histologic analyses of peri-implant tissue samples. RESULTS We enrolled 24 children who underwent definitive fusion post-MCGR treatment for early-onset scoliosis. The average age at definitive fusion was 13.3 years (range: 11 to 17 y). The average length of MCGR treatment was 4.8 years (range: 1.5 to 6.8 y). At the end of the MCGR treatment, 23 (96%) patients had elevated serum metal ion levels. Mean serum titanium levels were 165.4 nmol/L (range: 30 to 390 nmol/L), mean serum cobalt levels were 4.6 nmol/L (range: 1.2 to 14 nmol/L), and mean serum chromium levels were 14 nmol/L (range: 2.4 to 30 nmol/L). Peri-implant soft tissue histologic analysis demonstrated local metal debris and foreign body reactions in all patients. CONCLUSIONS At the completion of MCGR treatment, the majority of patients demonstrate elevated serum metal ion levels and local metal debris-related peri-implant soft tissue changes. Although there is no current literature to suggest these findings are harmful, further research as to the clinical significance is required. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level IV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Alberghina
- Department of Orthopaedics, Children's Health Ireland (CHI) at Crumlin, Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland
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18
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Dhadde SB, Kalshetti MS, Thippeswamy BS. Synthesis of chromium-D-phenylalanine complex and exploring its effects on reproduction and development in Drosophila melanogaster. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1258081. [PMID: 38161706 PMCID: PMC10755887 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1258081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to explore the effect of Chromium-D-phenylalanine (Cr (D-phe)3) on the reproduction and development of Drosophila melanogaster. Cr (D-phe)3 was synthesized and characterized by infrared spectral analysis, melting point (DSC), and UV spectral analysis. D. melanogaster was raised in corn flour agar medium containing 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 μg/mL of Cr (D-phe)3. The effect of Cr (D-phe)3 was evaluated by observing the larval period, pupal period, percentage of egg hatching, morphometric analysis of eggs, larvae, pupae and adults, fertility, fecundity, lifespan of the emerged flies, and levels of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase, glutathione-S-transferase (GST), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the supernatant of flies homogenate suspension. The study results indicate that Cr (D-phe)3 showed beneficial effects on reproduction and development in D. melanogaster. Cr (D-phe)3 significantly improved the larval period, pupal period, percentage of egg hatching, morphometric characters of the larva, pupa, and adult, fertility, fecundity, and lifespan of D. melanogaster. Moreover, Cr (D-phe)3 also significantly elevated the levels of catalase (p < 0.01), GST (p < 0.05), and SOD (p < 0.01) in D. melanogaster, and results were statistically significant at the dose of 15 μg/mL. The study results indicate that Cr (D-phe)3 has a positive effect on the reproduction and development of D. melanogaster. The literature review revealed that there is a strong relationship between the physiology of metabolism, oxidative stress and reproduction and development. Several studies propose that Cr(III) influences insulin sensitivity and thereby the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. Cr (D-phe)3 also has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Hence, the observed beneficial effects of Cr (D-phe)3 on reproduction and development of D. melanogaster may be attributed to its physiological effect on carbohydrate, protein, and lipid metabolism and its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivsharan B. Dhadde
- Krishna Institute of Pharmacy, Krishna Vishwa Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Karad, Maharashtra, India
- D.S.T.S. Mandal’s College of Pharmacy, Solapur, Maharashtra, India
| | | | - B. S. Thippeswamy
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Al-Dawadmi, Saudi Arabia
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19
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Hall J, Bengtson Nash S, Gautam A, Bender H, Pitcher BJ, McCallum H, Doyle C. Persistent organic pollutants and trace elements detected in New Zealand fur seals (long-nosed fur seal; Arctocephalus forsteri) from New South Wales, Australia, between 1998 and 2019. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 902:166087. [PMID: 37549703 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Environmental pollution is a growing threat to wildlife health and biodiversity. The relationship between marine mammals and pollutants is, however, complex and as new chemicals are introduced to ecosystems alongside concomitant, interacting threats such as climate change and habitat degradation, the cumulative impact of these stressors to wildlife continues to expand. Understanding the health of wildlife populations requires a holistic approach to identify potential threatening processes. In the context of environmental pollution in little studied wildlife species, it is important to catalogue the current exposome to develop effective biomonitoring programs that can support diagnosis of health impacts and management and mitigation of pollution. In New South Wales, Australia, the New Zealand fur seal (Arctocephalus forsteri) is a resident species experiencing population growth following devastating historic hunting practices. This study presents a retrospective investigation into the exposure of New Zealand fur seals to a range of synthetic organic compounds and essential and non-essential trace elements. Liver tissue from 28 seals were broadly analyzed to assess concentrations of organochlorine and organophosphate pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, and essential and non-essential trace elements. In addition to contributing extensive pollution baseline data for the species, the work explores the influence of sex, age, and body condition on accumulation patterns. Further, based on these findings, it is recommended that a minimum of 11 juvenile male New Zealand fur seals are sampled and analyzed annually in order to maintain a holistic biomonitoring approach for this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Hall
- Centre for Planetary Health and Food Security, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia; Australian Registry of Wildlife Health, Taronga Conservation Society Australia, Bradleys Head Road, Mosman, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Susan Bengtson Nash
- Centre for Planetary Health and Food Security, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Anil Gautam
- NSW Department of Planning, Industry and Environment, Environment Protection Science Branch, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Hannah Bender
- Australian Registry of Wildlife Health, Taronga Conservation Society Australia, Bradleys Head Road, Mosman, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Benjamin J Pitcher
- Taronga Conservation Society Australia, Bradleys Head Road, Mosman, New South Wales, Australia; School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, Wallumattagal Campus, Macquarie Park, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Hamish McCallum
- Centre for Planetary Health and Food Security, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Christopher Doyle
- NSW Department of Planning, Industry and Environment, Environment Protection Science Branch, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
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Wang S, Hou K, Gui S, Ma Y, Wang S, Zhao S, Zhu X. Insulin-like growth factor 1 in heat stress-induced neuroinflammation: novel perspective about the neuroprotective role of chromium. STRESS BIOLOGY 2023; 3:23. [PMID: 37676529 PMCID: PMC10441889 DOI: 10.1007/s44154-023-00105-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Heat stress (HS) can cause a series of stress responses, resulting in numerous negative effects on the body, such as the diminished food intake, carcass quality and reproductive capacity. In addition to the negative effects on the peripheral system, HS leads to central nervous system (CNS) disorders given its toll on neuroinflammation. This neuroinflammatory process is mainly mediated by microglia and astrocytes, which are involved in the activation of glial cells and the secretion of cytokines. While the regulation of inflammatory signaling has a close relationship with the expression of heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70), HS-induced neuroinflammation is closely related to the activation of the TLR4/NF-κB pathway. Moreover, oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress are key players in the development of neuroinflammation. Chromium (Cr) has been widely shown to have neuroprotective effects in both humans and animals, despite the lack of mechanistic evidence. Evidence has shown that Cr supplementation can increase the levels of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), a major neurotrophic factor with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. This review highlights recent advances in the attenuating effects and potential mechanisms of Cr-mediated IGF-1 actions on HS-induced neuroinflammation, providing presently existing evidence supporting the neuroprotective role of Cr.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songlin Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Kanghui Hou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Siqi Gui
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Yue Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Shanting Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
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21
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Srnovršnik T, Virant-Klun I, Pinter B. Heavy Metals and Essential Elements in Association with Oxidative Stress in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome-A Systematic Review. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1398. [PMID: 37507937 PMCID: PMC10376316 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12071398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Altered levels of heavy metals and essential elements have been associated with oxidative stress (OS) and metabolic and hormonal changes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). We aimed to summarize the knowledge on the association of heavy metals and essential elements with OS in PCOS. An electronic literature search using PubMed for studies published between January 2008 and April 2023 was conducted. We evaluated heavy metals and essential elements in relation to OS in PCOS in 15 articles. PCOS women had increased antimonium (Sb), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), arsenic (As), tellurium (Te), thallium (Tl) and osmium (Os) blood levels and decreased zinc (Zn) blood levels; the results of copper (Cu) blood levels were conflicting. Some studies showed a significant correlation between heavy metals (Sb, Cd, Pb, Hg, As, Te and Tl) and essential elements (Se, Zn, Cr, Ca, Mg and Cu) and markers of OS and chronic inflammation. Heavy metals (Sb, Cd, Pb and Hg) and essential elements (Zn, Cr, Se, Ca, Mg and Cu) were associated with metabolic and hormonal characteristics in PCOS. There might be a possible benefit from supplementation therapy in reducing OS and endocrinological problems related to PCOS. Our review confirmed an association between heavy metals and essential elements with OS in PCOS women. This systematic review is registered in PROSPERO under number CRD42023418453.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tinkara Srnovršnik
- Division for Women's Healthcare-Šiška Unit, Community Health Centre Ljubljana, Metelkova Ulica 9, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov Trg 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Irma Virant-Klun
- Clinical Research Centre, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Vrazov Trg 1, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Bojana Pinter
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov Trg 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Šlajmerjeva 3, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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22
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Jurowski K, Krośniak M. The Toxicological Risk Assessment (TRA) of Total Chromium Impurities in Menthae piperitae tinctura (Mentha x piperita L., folium) Available in Polish Pharmacies Including Regulatory Approaches with Special Emphasis of Cr Speciation and Genotoxicity. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:3060-3068. [PMID: 35902513 PMCID: PMC10073164 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03367-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Chromium is pharmacologically active and is not an essential element but is still very intriguing and demanding from the point of view of toxicological risk assessment. Especially as an elemental impurity in final pharmaceuticals. The aim of this article is toxicological risk assessment (TRA) of total Cr impurities in Menthae piperitae tinctura (Mentha x piperita L., folium) available in Polish pharmacies including triple approach. Obtained raw/basal results shows that impurities of total Cr impurities were present in all investigated pharmaceutical with Mentha x piperita L., folium. but at a relatively low level (in the range: 0.39-2.14 µg/L). The regulatory strategy based on the ICH Q3D (R1) elemental impurities guidelines confirms that all the requirements of the analyzed products meet the European Medicine Agency (EMA) requirements. Obtained results obtained show that the estimated maximum daily exposure to Cr (ng/day) are variable between the samples (0.521-3.792 ng/day), but at a relatively low level (< 4.0 ng/day).The final step confirms the safety of analyzed pharmaceuticals, because the comparison of the estimated results with the oral PDE value for Cr in final drugs suggested by the ICH Q3D guideline (10,700 µg/day) show that all the products are below this value. The approach based on the margin of exposure (MoE) for children and adults also confirms the safety of all the products with Mentha x piperita L., (in all cases MoE > > 10 000). It can be concluded that all the samples analyzed should not represent any health hazard to patients due to Cr impurities. To our knowledge, this is the first study about application of comprehensive TRA of total Cr impurities in phytopharmaceuticals with Mentha x piperita L., folium available in European pharmacies. Additionally, we confirm the safety of Cr impurities by applying triple regulatory strategy without the application of an expansive and demanding HPLC-ICP-MS technique for Cr speciation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Jurowski
- Institute of Medical Studies, Medical College, Rzeszów University, Al. mjr. W. Kopisto 2a, 35-959, Rzeszów, Poland.
| | - Mirosław Krośniak
- Department of Food Chemistry and Nutrition, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
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Álvarez-Silvares E, Fernández-Cruz T, Bermudez-González M, Rubio-Cid P, Almeida A, Pinto E, Seoane-Pillado T, Martínez-Carballo E. Placental levels of essential and non-essential trace element in relation to neonatal weight in Northwestern Spain: application of generalized additive models. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:62566-62578. [PMID: 36943567 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26560-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Adequate gestational progression depends to a great extent on placental development, which can modify maternal and neonatal outcomes. Any environmental toxicant, including metals, with the capacity to affect the placenta can alter the development of the pregnancy and its outcome. The objective of this study was to correlate the placenta levels of 14 essential and non-essential elements with neonatal weight. We examined relationships between placental concentrations of arsenic, cadmium, cobalt, copper, mercury, lithium, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, lead, rubidium, selenium, strontium, and zinc from 79 low obstetric risk pregnant women in Ourense (Northwestern Spain, 42°20'12.1″N 7°51.844'O) with neonatal weight. We tested associations between placental metal concentrations and neonatal weight by conducting multivariable linear regressions using generalized linear models (GLM) and generalized additive models (GAM). While placental Co (p = 0.03) and Sr (p = 0.048) concentrations were associated with higher neonatal weight, concentrations of Li (p = 0.027), Mo (p = 0.049), and Se (p = 0.02) in the placenta were associated with lower newborn weight. Our findings suggest that the concentration of some metals in the placenta may affect fetal growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Álvarez-Silvares
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Ourense, C/ Ramón Puga 54, 32005, Ourense, Spain.
| | - Tania Fernández-Cruz
- Food and Health Omics, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Campus da Auga, Faculty of Sciences, University of Vigo, 32004, Ourense, Spain
| | - Mónica Bermudez-González
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Ourense, C/ Ramón Puga 54, 32005, Ourense, Spain
| | - Paula Rubio-Cid
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Ourense, C/ Ramón Puga 54, 32005, Ourense, Spain
| | - Agostinho Almeida
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Edgar Pinto
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Health, P. Porto, 4200-072, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Elena Martínez-Carballo
- Food and Health Omics, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Campus da Auga, Faculty of Sciences, University of Vigo, 32004, Ourense, Spain
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24
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Soni SK, Kumar G, Bajpai A, Singh R, Bajapi Y, Tiwari S. Hexavalent chromium-reducing plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria are utilized to bio-fortify trivalent chromium in fenugreek by promoting plant development and decreasing the toxicity of hexavalent chromium in the soil. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2023; 76:127116. [PMID: 36481602 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2022.127116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fenugreek is known to have good anti-diabetes properties. Moreover, several studies accounted that the trivalent form of chromium [Cr(III)] also have anti-diabetic properties. However, its hexavalent form i.e., Cr(VI) is known to be highly toxic and carcinogenic to living beings and retarded plant growth even if it is present in low concentration in soil. Many plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are reported to have the potential to reduce the Cr(VI) into Cr(III) in soil. In view of the above, the present objective was designed to effectively utilize Cr(VI) reducing PGPRs for the growth and development of fenugreek plant in Cr(VI) amended soil, apart from reducing Cr(VI) in soil and fortification of Cr(III) in the aerial part of plants. METHODS The experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of Cr(VI)-reducing PGPRs viz. Bacillus cereus (SUCR44); Microbacterium sp. (SUCR140); Bacillus thuringiensis (SUCR186) and B. subtilis (SUCR188) on growth, uptake and translocation of Cr as well as other physiological parameters in fenugreek grown under artificially Cr(VI) amended soil (100 mg kg-1 of Cr(VI) in soil). RESULTS The aforementioned concentration of Cr(VI) in soil cause severe reduction in root length (41 %), plant height (43 %), dry root (38 %) and herb biomass (48 %), when compared with control negative (CN; uninoculated plant not grown in Cr(VI) contaminated soil). However, the presence of Microbacterium sp.-SURC140 (MB) mitigates the Cr toxicity resulting in improved root length (92 %), plant height (86 %), dry root (74 %) and herb biomass (99 %) as compared with control positive (CP; uninoculated plants grown in Cr(VI) contaminated soil). The maximum reduction in bioavailability (82 %) of Cr(VI) in soil and its uptake (50 %) by the plant were also observed in MB-treated plants. However, All Cr(VI)-reducing PGPRs failed to decrease the translocation of Cr to the aerial parts. Moreover, the plant treated with MB observed diminution in relative water content (13 %), electrolyte leakage (16%) and lipid peroxidation (38 %) as well as higher chlorophyll (37 %) carotenoids (17 %) contents and antioxidants (18%) potential. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that MB can lower the Cr(VI) toxicity to the plant by reducing the bioavailable Cr(VI), consequently reducing the Cr(VI) toxicity level in soil and helping in improving the growth and yield of fenugreek. Additionally, Cr(III) uptakes and translocation may improve the effectiveness of fenugreek in treating diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit K Soni
- Department of Microbial Technology Division, CSIR, Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, India; Crop Improvement and Biotechnology Division, ICAR, Central Institute for Subtropical Horticulture, Rehmankhera, P.O. Kakori, Lucknow 226101, India.
| | - Govind Kumar
- Crop Production Division, ICAR, Central Institute for Subtropical Horticulture, Rehmankhera, P.O. Kakori, Lucknow 226101, India
| | - Anju Bajpai
- Crop Improvement and Biotechnology Division, ICAR, Central Institute for Subtropical Horticulture, Rehmankhera, P.O. Kakori, Lucknow 226101, India
| | - Rakshapal Singh
- Department of Microbial Technology Division, CSIR, Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, India; Biological Central Facility, CSIR, Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, India
| | - Yashi Bajapi
- Crop Improvement and Biotechnology Division, ICAR, Central Institute for Subtropical Horticulture, Rehmankhera, P.O. Kakori, Lucknow 226101, India
| | - Sudeep Tiwari
- Department of Geography and Environmental Development, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, P.O.B. 653 Beer-Sheva, Israel.
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25
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Khatun M, Ghorai P, Mandal J, Ghosh Chowdhury S, Karmakar P, Blasco S, García-España E, Saha A. Aza-phenol Based Macrocyclic Probes Design for "CHEF-on" Multi Analytes Sensor: Crystal Structure Elucidation and Application in Biological Cell Imaging. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:7479-7491. [PMID: 36873024 PMCID: PMC9979245 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c06549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Metal bound macrocyclic compounds found in biological systems inspired us to design and synthesize two Robson-type macrocyclic Schiff-base chemosensors, H 2 L1 (H 2 L1=1,11-dimethyl-6,16-dithia-3,9,13,19-tetraaza-1,11(1,3)-dibenzenacycloicosaphane-2,9,12,19-tetraene-1,11-diol) and H 2 L2 (H 2 L2=1,11-dimethyl-6,16-dioxa-3,9,13,19-tetraaza-1,11(1,3)-dibenzenacycloicosaphane-2,9,12,19-tetraene-1,11-diol). Both the chemosensors have been characterized with different spectroscopic techniques. They act as multianalyte sensor and exhibit "turn-on" fluorescence toward different metal ions in 1X PBS (Phosphate Buffered Saline) solution. In presence of Zn2+, Al3+, Cr3+ and Fe3+ ions, H 2 L1 exhibits ∼6-fold enhancement of emission intensity, while H 2 L2 shows ∼6-fold enhancement of emission intensity in the presence of Zn2+, Al3+ and Cr3+ ions. The interaction between the different metal ion and chemosensor have been examined by absorption, emission, and 1H NMR spectroscopy as well as by ESI-MS+ analysis. We have successfully isolated and solved the crystal structure of the complex [Zn(H 2 L1)(NO3)]NO3 (1) by X-ray crystallography. The crystal structure of 1 shows 1:1 metal:ligand stoichiometry and helps to understand the observed PET-Off-CHEF-On sensing mechanism. LOD values of H 2 L1 and H 2 L2 toward metal ions are found to be ∼10-8 and ∼10-7 M, respectively. Large Stokes shifts of the probes against analytes (∼100 nm) make them a suitable candidate for biological cell imaging studies. Robson type phenol based macrocyclic fluorescence sensors are very scarce in the literature. Therefore, the tuning of structural parameters as the number and nature of donor atoms, their relative locations and presence of rigid aromatic groups can lead to the design of new chemosensors, which can accommodate different charged/neutral guest(s) inside its cavity. The study of the spectroscopic properties of this type of macrocyclic ligands and their complexes might open a new avenue of chemosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohafuza Khatun
- Department
of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Pravat Ghorai
- Department
of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Jayanta Mandal
- Department
of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | | | - Parimal Karmakar
- Department
of Life Science and Biotechnology, Jadavpur
University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Salvador Blasco
- Institute
of Molecular Sciences, Universitat de València, C/Catedrático José
Beltrán Martínez, 2, Paterna, Valencia 46980, Spain
| | - Enrique García-España
- Institute
of Molecular Sciences, Universitat de València, C/Catedrático José
Beltrán Martínez, 2, Paterna, Valencia 46980, Spain
| | - Amrita Saha
- Department
of Chemistry, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
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26
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Cadar O, Vagner I, Miu I, Scurtu D, Senila M. Preparation, Characterization, and Performance of Natural Zeolites as Alternative Materials for Beer Filtration. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:1914. [PMID: 36903029 PMCID: PMC10004079 DOI: 10.3390/ma16051914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The clarity of the beer is essential to its marketability and good consumer approval. Moreover, the beer filtration aims to remove the unwanted constituents that cause beer haze formation. Natural zeolite, an inexpensive and widespread material, was tested as a substitute filter media for diatomaceous earth in removing the haze constituents in beer. The zeolitic tuff samples were collected from two quarries in Northern Romania: Chilioara, in which the zeolitic tuff has a clinoptilolite content of about 65%, and the Valea Pomilor quarry, containing zeolitic tuff with a clinoptilolite content of about 40%. Two-grain sizes, <40 and <100 µm, from each quarry were prepared and thermally treated at 450 °C in order to improve their adsorption properties and remove organic compounds and for physico-chemical characterization. The prepared zeolites were used for beer filtration in different mixtures with commercial filter aids (DIF BO and CBL3) in laboratory-scale experiments, and the filtered beer was characterized in terms of pH, turbidity, color, taste, flavor, and concentrations of the major and trace elements. The results showed that the taste, flavor, and pH of the filtered beer were generally not affected by filtration, while turbidity and color decreased with an increase in the zeolite content used in the filtration. The concentrations of Na and Mg in the beer were not significantly altered by filtration; Ca and K slowly increased, while Cd and Co were below the limits of quantification. Our results show that natural zeolites are promising aids for beer filtration and can be readily substituted for diatomaceous earth without significant changes in brewery industry process equipment and protocols for preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oana Cadar
- INCDO-INOE 2000, Research Institute for Analytical Instrumentation, 67 Donath Street, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Irina Vagner
- National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenic and Isotopic Technologies Romania, 4 Uzinei Street, 240050 Ramnicu Valcea, Romania
| | - Ion Miu
- SC Utchim S.R.L., 12 Buda Street, 240127 Ramnicu Valcea, Romania
| | - Daniela Scurtu
- INCDO-INOE 2000, Research Institute for Analytical Instrumentation, 67 Donath Street, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Marin Senila
- INCDO-INOE 2000, Research Institute for Analytical Instrumentation, 67 Donath Street, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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27
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Falcone E, Faller P. Thermodynamics-based rules of thumb to evaluate the interaction of chelators and kinetically-labile metal ions in blood serum and plasma. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:2197-2208. [PMID: 36734607 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt03875g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Metal ions play a very important role in nature and their homeostasis is crucial. A lot of metal-related chemical research activities are ongoing that concern metal-based drugs or tools, such as chelation therapy, metal- and metabolite sensors, metallo-drugs and prodrugs, PET and MRI imaging agents, etc. In most of these cases, the applied chelator/ligand (L) or metal-ligand complex (M-L) has at least to pass the blood plasma to reach the target. Hence it is exposed to several metal-binding proteins (mainly serum albumin and transferrin) and to all essential metal ions (zinc, copper, iron, etc.). This holds also for studies in cultured cells when fetal calf serum is used in the medium. There is a risk that the applied compound (L or M-L) in the serum is transformed into a different entity, due to trans-metallation and/or ligand exchange reactions. This depends on the thermodynamics and kinetics. For kinetically-labile complexes, the complex stability with all the ligands and all metal ions present in serum is decisive in evaluating the thermodynamic driving force towards a certain fate of the chelator or metal-ligand complex. To consider that, an integrative view is needed on the stability constants, by taking into account all the metal ions present and all the main proteins to which they are bound, as well as the non-occupied metal binding site in proteins. Only then, a realistic estimation of the complex stability, and hence its potential fate, can be done. This perspective aims to provide a simple approach to estimate the thermodynamic stability of labile metal-ligand complexes in a blood plasma/serum environment. It gives a guideline to obtain an estimation of the plasma and serum complex stability and metal selectivity starting from the chemical stability constants of metal-ligand complexes. Although of high importance, it does not focus on the more complex kinetic aspects of metal-transfer reactions. The perspective should help for a better design of such compounds, to perform test tube assays which are relevant to the conditions in the plasma/serum and to be aware of the importance of ternary complexes, kinetics and competition experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Falcone
- Institut de Chimie, UMR 7177, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, 4 Rue Blaise Pascal, 67000, Strasbourg, France.
| | - Peter Faller
- Institut de Chimie, UMR 7177, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, 4 Rue Blaise Pascal, 67000, Strasbourg, France. .,Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), 1 rue Descartes, 75231 Paris, France
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28
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Fotschki B, Ognik K, Fotschki J, Napiórkowska D, Cholewińska E, Krauze M, Juśkiewicz J. Chromium Nanoparticles Together with a Switch Away from High-Fat/Low-Fiber Dietary Habits Enhances the Pro-Healthy Regulation of Liver Lipid Metabolism and Inflammation in Obese Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032940. [PMID: 36769261 PMCID: PMC9918060 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The study on Wistar rats was conducted to investigate the effects of a pharmacologically relevant dose 0.3 mg/kg body weight of chromium supplementation (commonly used picolinate or novel form as nanoparticles) and switching away from obesogenic dietary habits on the parameters of lipid metabolism, inflammation, and oxidative stress in liver and plasma. Favorable effects related to dietary changes from the obesogenic diet were considerably enhanced when the diet was supplemented with chromium nanoparticles. This combination exerted the strongest fat content and cholesterol reduction in the liver. Moreover, in this group, a favorable antioxidative effect was observed through GSH/GSSG elevation in the liver as well as ALT activity reduction in the plasma and IL-6 levels in the liver. The molecular mechanisms associated with regulating lipid metabolism, oxidative stress and inflammation might be related to lower expression of HIF-1α, COX-2, and LOX-1 and upregulation of PPARα in the liver. Supplementation with chromium nanoparticles without changes in the obesogenic diet also favorably affected lipid metabolism and oxidative stress in the liver; however, the examined effects were moderate. In conclusion, the favorable effects of switching from an obesogenic to a balanced diet on hepatic lipid metabolism, oxidative stress, and inflammation induced by an obesogenic diet might be enhanced by supplementation with chromium nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Fotschki
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 10 Tuwima Street, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Ognik
- Department of Biochemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Bioeconomy, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 13 Akademicka Street, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
| | - Joanna Fotschki
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 10 Tuwima Street, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Dorota Napiórkowska
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 10 Tuwima Street, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Ewelina Cholewińska
- Department of Biochemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Bioeconomy, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 13 Akademicka Street, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
| | - Magdalena Krauze
- Department of Biochemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Bioeconomy, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 13 Akademicka Street, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
| | - Jerzy Juśkiewicz
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 10 Tuwima Street, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland
- Correspondence:
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29
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De Cock A, Forio MAE, De Meulenaer B, Tack F, Dominguez-Granda L, Goethals PL. The nutritional quality of the red mangrove crab (Ucides occidentalis), harvested at two reserves in the Guayas estuary. Food Chem 2023; 401:134105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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30
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Remick KA, Helmann JD. The elements of life: A biocentric tour of the periodic table. Adv Microb Physiol 2023; 82:1-127. [PMID: 36948652 PMCID: PMC10727122 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ampbs.2022.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Living systems are built from a small subset of the atomic elements, including the bulk macronutrients (C,H,N,O,P,S) and ions (Mg,K,Na,Ca) together with a small but variable set of trace elements (micronutrients). Here, we provide a global survey of how chemical elements contribute to life. We define five classes of elements: those that are (i) essential for all life, (ii) essential for many organisms in all three domains of life, (iii) essential or beneficial for many organisms in at least one domain, (iv) beneficial to at least some species, and (v) of no known beneficial use. The ability of cells to sustain life when individual elements are absent or limiting relies on complex physiological and evolutionary mechanisms (elemental economy). This survey of elemental use across the tree of life is encapsulated in a web-based, interactive periodic table that summarizes the roles chemical elements in biology and highlights corresponding mechanisms of elemental economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaleigh A Remick
- Department of Microbiology, Cornell University, New York, NY, United States
| | - John D Helmann
- Department of Microbiology, Cornell University, New York, NY, United States.
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Bertinato J, Griffin P. A low chromium diet increases body fat, energy intake and circulating triglycerides and insulin in male and female rats fed a moderately high-fat, high-sucrose diet from peripuberty to young adult age. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0281019. [PMID: 36701335 PMCID: PMC9879406 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Trivalent chromium (Cr) may function to potentiate the action of insulin, but the effects of chromium intakes on metabolic parameters are unclear. Cr is listed as a potentially beneficial element for rodents based on studies that show feeding low quantities affect glucose metabolism. Cr is recommended at 1 mg per kg in rodent diets. This study examined the effects of different levels of dietary Cr on body weight, body composition, energy intake, food efficiency and metabolic parameters of lipid and glucose metabolism in male and female rats when fed from peripuberty to young adult age in the background of a moderately high-fat, high-sucrose diet. Sprague-Dawley CD rats (n = 10 males and 10 females/group) at 35 days of age were assigned by weight to the low (LCr, 0.33 ± 0.06 mg/kg), normal (NCr, 1.20 ± 0.11 mg/kg) or high (HCr, 9.15 ± 0.65 mg/kg) Cr diets. Diets were fed ad libitum for 12 weeks (83 days). At baseline, body weights and composition were similar (p≥0.05) among diet groups. Compared to the NCr group, the LCr group weighed more (p<0.01) and consumed more energy (food) from Day 56 onwards, but food efficiency was unaffected. Following an oral glucose challenge (Day 77), dietary chromium levels did not affect plasma glucose, but fasting plasma insulin and insulin at 30 and 60 min after dosing were higher in the LCr group compared to the NCr group. At the end of the study, whole-body fat, accrued body fat from baseline and fasting serum triglycerides were higher in the LCr group compared to the NCr group. Effects were similar in both sexes and not observed in the HCr group. These data show that low dietary Cr affects metabolic parameters common in chronic diseases underscoring the need for clinical trials to define the nutritional and/or pharmacological effects of Cr.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse Bertinato
- Nutrition Research Division, Bureau of Nutritional Sciences, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail:
| | - Philip Griffin
- Nutrition Research Division, Bureau of Nutritional Sciences, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Nedjimi B. Trace Element Quantification in Two Algerian Thymes (Thymus algeriensis Boiss & Reut. and Thymus capitatus (L.) Hoffm. & Link) Using EDXRF Spectrometry. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:455-463. [PMID: 35091882 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03128-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
In an attempt to know the elemental composition of two endemic Algerian thyme species, we analyzed eleven mineral and trace elements (Br, Ca, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mn, Rb, Sr, V, and Zn) in Thymus algeriensis Boiss & Reut. and Thymus capitatus (L.) Hoffm. & Link. These species are commonly used in Algeria as aromatic and medicinal shrubs. The total concentrations of chemical elements were determined by EDXRF spectrometry. The instrument calibration was assessed through the analysis of certified reference material CRM-336 (Lichen) from the IAEA, Vienna, Austria. The results show that the highest concentrations of the micronutrients (Br, Cr, Cu, Mn, Sr, V, and Zn) were registered in T. algeriensis, while the maximum concentrations of Ca, Fe, and the non-essential element, Rb, were found in T. capitatus. Potassium contents were similar in the two species. The concentrations of essential chemical elements in T. algeriensis leaves were found in the following order: K > Ca > Mn > Fe > Zn > Cu > Cr. However, the order of these elements in T. capitatus was Ca > K > Fe > Zn > Mn > Cu > Cr. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that T. algeriensis was highly associated with Br, Cr, Cu, Mn, Sr, V, and Zn, while T. capitatus was correlated with Ca, Fe, K, and Rb. Dietary element intakes through ingestion of 1 teaspoon of dry powder (~ 10 g) were estimated and compared to recommended daily intakes and permissible limits under FAO/WHO guidelines. In all cases, these estimates were below those levels. These findings can enhance the dissemination of these medicinal plants, which have medicinal and organoleptic properties, and provide an experiment-based guidance to the pharmaceutical and food industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bouzid Nedjimi
- Laboratory of Exploration and Valorization of Steppe Ecosystem, Faculty of Science of Nature and Life, Ziane Achour University of Djelfa, Cité Aîn Chih, P.O. Box 3117, 17000, Djelfa, Algeria.
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Sharma P, Gupta V, Kumar K, Khetarpal P. Assessment of Serum Elements Concentration and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:4582-4593. [PMID: 35028866 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-03058-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Change in the levels of trace elements has been linked with PCOS pathogenesis by various studies, whereas some had reported no such association. Therefore, in order to evaluate association of eleven trace element (Cu, Zn, Cr, Cd, Se, Mn, Fe, Mg, Co, Ni and Pb) serum concentration with PCOS pathogenesis, current systematic review and meta-analysis has been carried out. Literature search was conducted using PubMed, Central Cochrane Library, Google Scholar and Science Direct databases with appropriate keywords. Studies published upto 3rd of September were evaluated for eligibility with suitable inclusion and exclusion criteria. Only case-control studies examining the association of serum trace element concentrations between PCOS cases and controls were selected. Present meta-analysis identified 32 articles with 2317 PCOS and 1898 controls. The serum Cu (MD = 15.40; 95% CI = 4.32 to 26.48; p = 0.006), Co (MD = 0.01; 95% CI = 0.01 to 0.02; p = 0.000), Cr (MD = 0.04; 95% CI = 0.00 to 0.07; p = 0.03) and Fe (MD = 12.98; 95% CI = 5.87-20.09; p = 0.0003) concentration is significantly higher, while lower concentration has been observed for Se (MD = - 0.99; 95% CI = - 1.31 to - 0.67; p = 0.000) and Mg (MD = - 223.41; 95% CI = - 391.60 to - 55.23; p = 0.009) among women with PCOS in comparison with the healthy group. Concentration of other elements which were analysed is not significantly related to PCOS. In short, PCOS women has higher serum concentrations of Cu, Co, Cr and Fe and lower concentrations of Se and Mg. Studies with sub-population of obese, non-obese and with and without insulin resistance are important to understand the pathomechanism of these elements in the syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Sharma
- Laboratory for Reproductive and Developmental Disorders, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, India
| | - Vartika Gupta
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, India
| | - Kush Kumar
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, India
| | - Preeti Khetarpal
- Laboratory for Reproductive and Developmental Disorders, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, India.
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Sequential modifications of chitosan biopolymer for enhanced confiscation of Cr(VI). INORG CHEM COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2022.110009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Kircheva N, Toshev N, Dudev T. Holo-chromodulin: competition between the native Cr3+ and other biogenic cations (Fe3+, Fe2+, Mg2+, and Zn2+) for the binding sites. Metallomics 2022; 14:6758515. [PMID: 36220150 DOI: 10.1093/mtomcs/mfac082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Chromodulin is an oligopeptide that has an essential role for the flawless functioning of insulin. Although the precise sequence of the constituent amino acid residues and the 3D structure of the molecule has not yet been deciphered, it is known that chromodulin contains only four amino acids in the ratio of Glu-: Gly: Cys: Asp- = 4: 2: 2: 2. An indispensable part for the integrity of the molecule in its active (holo-) form are four chromium cations (hence the name) in the oxidation state of 3+, positioned in two metal binding sites containing one and three Cr3+ ions. Experimental works provide some hints/clues concerning the structure of the metal centers, although their exact composition, type, and arrangement of metal ligating entities remain enigmatic. In the current study, we endeavor to unveil possible structure(s) of the Cr3+ loaded binding sites by strictly following the evidence provided by the experimental data. Well-calibrated in silico methodology for optimization and evaluation of Gibbs free energies is applied and gives strong premises for reliably deciphering the composition/structure of chromodulin metal binding sites. Additional computations reveal the advantage of choosing Cr3+ over other tri- (Fe3+) and divalent (Fe2+, Mg2+, and Zn2+) biogenic ions for securing maximum stability of the metal-occupied binding sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikoleta Kircheva
- Institute of Optical Materials and Technologies "Acad. J. Malinowski", Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Nikolay Toshev
- Faculty of Trade Economics and Commodity Science, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Todor Dudev
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Sofia University "St. Kl. Ohridski", 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
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Jordán MM, Almendro-Candel MB, García-Sánchez E, Navarro-Pedreño J. The Lixiviation of Metals When Amending Agricultural Soil of the Mediterranean Basin with Biosolids: Trials in Leaching Columns. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:13736. [PMID: 36360615 PMCID: PMC9655986 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192113736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
An appropriate handling and use of urban and agricultural biosolids on soils are the best means to protect them from erosion, prevent the loss of nutrients due to runoff and washing, and preserve and restore soil productivity. Heavy metal concentrations in biosolids are one of the decisive factors when using this type of waste on soil, due to potentially being harmful to crops and reaching the human food chain. There is a clear need to study the incidence of these metals in agricultural practices in Mediterranean soils. Research for this article was performed as a controlled study using leaching columns. Three treatments were performed by applying different amounts of biosolids (T50: 50,000 kg ha-1, T90: 90,000 kg ha-1, T130: 130,000 kg ha-1), as well as a blank test or control treatment (T0). The presence of macronutrients (K, Na, Ca and Mg), micronutrients (Fe, Cu, Mn and Zn) and three contaminating heavy metals (Cr, Cd and Ni) in lixiviated water was analyzed. Relevant amounts of metals in the wash water were not found. This indicates that, under the watering conditions used, the contaminants and micronutrients analyzed are not a relevant source of water contamination on a common calcareous soil of the Mediterranean Basin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel M Jordán
- Department of Agrochemistry and Environment, Miguel Hernández University of Elche, Avd. Universidad s/n, 03202 Elche, Alicante, Spain
| | - María Belén Almendro-Candel
- Department of Agrochemistry and Environment, Miguel Hernández University of Elche, Avd. Universidad s/n, 03202 Elche, Alicante, Spain
| | - Ernesto García-Sánchez
- Department of Agrochemistry and Environment, Miguel Hernández University of Elche, Avd. Universidad s/n, 03202 Elche, Alicante, Spain
| | - José Navarro-Pedreño
- Department of Agrochemistry and Environment, Miguel Hernández University of Elche, Avd. Universidad s/n, 03202 Elche, Alicante, Spain
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Hossini H, Shafie B, Niri AD, Nazari M, Esfahlan AJ, Ahmadpour M, Nazmara Z, Ahmadimanesh M, Makhdoumi P, Mirzaei N, Hoseinzadeh E. A comprehensive review on human health effects of chromium: insights on induced toxicity. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:70686-70705. [PMID: 36042133 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22705-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The growing use of heavy metals in most industrial activities has led to it being considered as the most important environmental pollutant that may cause harm and toxicity to animals and humans. Chromium has been found in the environment in different oxidation states such as Cr0, Cr(III), and Cr(VI) and is released from a variety of anthropogenic and natural activities. At among, trivalent and hexavalent chromium are the most stable forms. Considerably, Cr(VI) is frequently more toxic than Cr(III) because of its particular solubility and high mobility. Chronic exposure and bioaccumulation of chromium, as a heavy metal, can cause toxicity and numerous pathophysiological defects, including allergic reactions, anemia, burns, and sores especially in the stomach and small intestine, damage to sperm along with the male reproductive system, and affect various biological systems. Chromium pollution can have severe consequences for water and the soil environment. This article reviews the toxicological effects of Cr(VI) and Cr(III) and their mechanisms of toxicity and carcinogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hooshyar Hossini
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Behnaz Shafie
- Food and Drug Administration, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Dehghan Niri
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Science, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mahboubeh Nazari
- Department of Medical and Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aylin Jahanban Esfahlan
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ahmadpour
- Department of Public Health, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Zohreh Nazmara
- Department of Neuroscience and Addiction Studies, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Ahmadimanesh
- Food and Drug Vice Presidency, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Pouran Makhdoumi
- Student research committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Science, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Nezam Mirzaei
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Social Determinants of Health (SDH) Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
| | - Edris Hoseinzadeh
- Incubation and Innovation center, Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Saveh, Iran
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Toman R, Psenkova M, Tancin V, Miskeje M. Mutagens in raw ewe milk in Orava region, northern Slovakia: metals. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:62259-62271. [PMID: 35604602 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20871-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to determine the concentrations of selected mutagenic elements (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Se) in raw ewe milk from undisturbed environment in Orava region, northern Slovakia. There are possible sources of some of the analyzed metals which may be distributed from the metallurgical plants located in the Ostrava region, Czech Republic, and Katowice, Poland. In total, forty milk samples were analyzed in June and August using an inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. The differences in elements concentrations between the seasonal periods were not significant except of iron (p < 0.0001). The concentrations of most of the metals in ewe milk were low and under the permissible or recommended limits. However, arsenic and selenium concentrations were elevated and could pose a risk of the mutagenic effect, particularly in children. The frequency of element occurrence in June was as follows: Se > Fe > As > Cu > Mn > Ni > Co > Pb > Cr > Cd, and in August: Se > Fe = As > Cu > Mn > Pb > Co > Ni > Cr > Cd. The correlation analysis revealed very strong positive correlation between Cu:Pb (p < 0.05), very strong negative correlation between Fe:Se (p < 0.05). The strong correlations were also found between other elements. The present study showed that milk produced in the relatively undisturbed environment might contain various mutagenic elements. The relationships between the elements might result in the additive or synergistic effects of elements and increase the risk of their mutagenic effects even in low concentrations. Therefore, attention must be paid to the monitoring of metals in the areas where food sources destined especially for child nutrition are produced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Toman
- Slovak University of Agriculture, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976, Nitra, Slovak Republic.
| | - Martina Psenkova
- Slovak University of Agriculture, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976, Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - Vladimir Tancin
- Slovak University of Agriculture, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976, Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - Michal Miskeje
- Slovak University of Agriculture, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 94976, Nitra, Slovak Republic
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Xin X, Han M, Wu Y, Dong Y, Miao Z, Zhang J, Song X, Jia R, Su Y, Liu C, Bai R, Li J. Dietary Supplemental Chromium Yeast Improved the Antioxidant Capacity, Immunity and Liver Health in Broilers under High Stocking Density. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12172216. [PMID: 36077936 PMCID: PMC9454686 DOI: 10.3390/ani12172216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of different levels of yeast chromium on growth performance, organ index, antioxidant capacity, immune performance and liver health of broilers under high stocking density. A total of 684 1-day-old Arbor Acres broilers were selected and fed a common diet from 1 to 22 days of age. At the end of 22 days, broilers with similar weight were randomly divided into six treatments, with six replications in each treatment. The broilers in control groups were fed with a control diet and raised at low stocking density of broilers (14 broilers/m2, LSD) and high stocking density (20 broilers/m2, HSD). The broilers in treatment groups were fed with diets supplemented with 200, 400, 800 and 1600 µg Cr/kg chromium yeast (Cr-yeast) under HSD, respectively. The experimental period was 23~42 days. Compared with the LSD group, the HSD group significantly decreased the liver index (ratio of liver weight to live weight of broilers) of broilers (p < 0.05), the HSD group significantly increased the content of corticosterone (CORT) and the activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and decreased the prealbumin (PA) level in the serum (p < 0.05). HSD decreased the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) contents in the serum, liver and breast, serum glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities, breast total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) activities and liver catalase (CAT) activities of broilers (p < 0.05). The HSD group significantly increased the total histopathological score (p < 0.05). Compared with the HSD group, adding 200, 400, and 1600 Cr-yeast significantly increased the liver index of broilers (p < 0.05), all HSD + Cr-yeast groups decreased the ALT activities (p < 0.05), and the HSD + 800 group significantly decreased the CORT contents and the ALP activities of the serum (p < 0.05); the HSD + 400, 800 and 1600 groups increased the PA contents of the serum (p < 0.05); HSD + 800 group significantly reduced the tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) contents of the serum (p < 0.05); moreover, the HSD + 400 group increased the GSH-Px activities of the serum (p < 0.05), the T-AOC and the T-SOD activities of the breast (p < 0.05) and the T-AOC and CAT activities of the liver (p < 0.05). Adding 800 Cr-yeast significantly decreased the total histopathological score (degree of hepatocyte edema and inflammatory cell infiltration) under HSD (p < 0.05). In summary, Cr-yeast can improve the antioxidant capacity and immune traits, and liver health of broilers under HSD. Based on the results of the linear regression analysis, the optimal supplementation of Cr-yeast in antioxidant capacity, immunity ability and liver health were at the range of 425.00−665.00, 319.30−961.00, and 800.00−1531.60 µg Cr/kg, respectively.
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Limwachirakhom R, Triwutanon S, Chumkam S, Jintasataporn O. Effects of Chromium-L-Methionine in Combination with a Zinc Amino Acid Complex or Selenomethionine on Growth Performance, Intestinal Morphology, and Antioxidative Enzymes in Red Tilapia Oreochromis spp. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12172182. [PMID: 36077901 PMCID: PMC9454583 DOI: 10.3390/ani12172182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
To consider diet optimization for the growth and health of fish under intensive aquaculture systems, with a focus on the farming of Nile tilapia and red tilapia in Thailand, we conducted an experiment based on a completely randomized design (CRD), with three treatments and four replicates. Three diets, supplemented with different trace minerals, were applied to selected groups of fish: (a) a control diet, without organic trace minerals supplementation; (b) a T1 diet of chromium-L-methionine at 500 ppb, in combination with a zinc amino acid complex at 60 parts per million (ppm); and (c) a T2 diet of chromium-L-methionine at 500 ppb in combination with selenomethionine at 300 ppb. Red tilapia with an initial mean weight of 190 ± 12 g/fish were randomly distributed into cages of 2 × 2 × 2.5 m in a freshwater pond (12 cages in total), with 34 fish per cage and a density of 17 fish/m3. During the 8 week feeding trial, the fish were fed 3−4% of their body weight twice a day. The fish were weighed, then blood samples were collected to study their immune responses. The intestines were collected, measured, and analyzed at the end of the feeding trial. The results showed that the red tilapia that were fed with diets of chromium-L-methionine in combination with a zinc amino acid complex in the T1 treatment had significantly (p < 0.05) higher final weights, weight gains, average daily gains (ADGs), and better feed conversion ratios (FCRs), compared with fish that were fed with the control diet without organic trace minerals and with fish that were fed with the T2 diet (p < 0.05). The midgut and hindgut villus heights of the group fed with chromium-L-methionine in combination with a zinc amino acid complex in the T1 treatment were significantly higher than those of the other groups (p < 0.05). The levels of the antioxidative enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) and lysozyme activity were not significantly different from those of fish that were fed with the control diet (p > 0.05), whereas the glutathione level tended to increase (p < 0.1) in fish that were fed with chromium-L-methionine in combination with selenomethionine in the T2 treatment. Therefore, we concluded that chromium-L-methionine in combination with a zinc amino acid complex or selenomethionine clearly enhanced red tilapia’s growth performance and feed utilization through the promotion of antioxidative enzyme activity and immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rawiwan Limwachirakhom
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
- Correspondence: (R.L.); (O.J.)
| | - Supawit Triwutanon
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen, Nakhon Pathom 73140, Thailand
| | - Srinoy Chumkam
- Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Valaya Alongkorn Rajabhat University, Pathum Thani 13180, Thailand
| | - Orapint Jintasataporn
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
- Correspondence: (R.L.); (O.J.)
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Sharma P, Parakh SK, Singh SP, Parra-Saldívar R, Kim SH, Varjani S, Tong YW. A critical review on microbes-based treatment strategies for mitigation of toxic pollutants. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 834:155444. [PMID: 35461941 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Contamination of the environment through toxic pollutants poses a key risk to the environment due to irreversible environmental damage(s). Industrialization and urbanization produced harmful elements such as petrochemicals, agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, nanomaterials, and herbicides that are intentionally or unintentionally released into the water system, threatening biodiversity, the health of animals, and humans. Heavy metals (HMs) in water, for example, can exist in a variety of forms that are inclined by climate features like the presence of various types of organic matter, pH, water system hardness, transformation, and bioavailability. Biological treatment is an important tool for removing toxic contaminants from the ecosystem, and it has piqued the concern of investigators over the centuries. In situ bioremediation such as biosparging, bioventing, biostimulation, bioaugmentation, and phytoremediation and ex-situ bioremediation includes composting, land farming, biopiles, and bioreactors. In the last few years, scientific understanding of microbial relations with particular chemicals has aided in the protection of the environment. Despite intensive studies being carried out on the mitigation of toxic pollutants, there have been limited efforts performed to discuss the solutions to tackle the limitations and approaches for the remediation of heavy metals holistically. This paper summarizes the risk assessment of HMs on aquatic creatures, the environment, humans, and animals. The content of this paper highlights the principles and limitations of microbial remediation to address the technological challenges. The coming prospect and tasks of evaluating the impact of different treatment skills for pollutant remediation have been reviewed in detail. Moreover, genetically engineered microbes have emerged as powerful bioremediation capabilities with significant potential for expelling toxic elements. With appropriate examples, current challenging issues and boundaries related to the deployment of genetically engineered microbes as bioremediation on polluted soils are emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Sharma
- Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, 1 Create Way, 138602, Singapore; Energy and Environmental Sustainability for Megacities (E2S2) Phase II, Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE), 1 CREATE Way, 138602, Singapore
| | - Sheetal Kishor Parakh
- Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, 1 Create Way, 138602, Singapore; Energy and Environmental Sustainability for Megacities (E2S2) Phase II, Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE), 1 CREATE Way, 138602, Singapore
| | - Surendra Pratap Singh
- Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Dayanand Anglo-Vedic (PG) College, Chhatrapati Shahu Ji Maharaj University, Kanpur-208001, India
| | - Roberto Parra-Saldívar
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias-Centro de Biotecnología-FEMSA, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Sang-Hyoun Kim
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunita Varjani
- Gujarat Pollution Control Board, Gandhinagar 382010, Gujarat, India.
| | - Yen Wah Tong
- Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, 1 Create Way, 138602, Singapore; Energy and Environmental Sustainability for Megacities (E2S2) Phase II, Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE), 1 CREATE Way, 138602, Singapore; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive, 117585, Singapore.
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Blood Chromium Levels and Their Association with Cardiovascular Diseases, Diabetes, and Depression: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2015-2016. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14132687. [PMID: 35807870 PMCID: PMC9268404 DOI: 10.3390/nu14132687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, there is no global consensus about the essentiality of dietary chromium. To provide evidence to this debate, an examination of blood chromium levels and common chronic health conditions was undertaken. Using a subsample from the 2015−2016 US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (n = 2894; 40 years+), chi-square and binary logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine blood chromium levels (0.7−28.0 vs. <0.7 µg/L) and their associations with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs; self-report), diabetes mellitus (DM; glycohemoglobin ≥5.7%), and depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9 score ≥5), while controlling for socio-demographic (age/sex/income/education/relationship status) and health-related (red blood cell folate/medications/co-morbidities/body mass index (BMI)/substance use) factors. The sample was almost evenly distributed between men and women (n = 1391, 48.1% (men); n = 1503, 51.9% (women)). The prevalence estimates of low blood chromium levels tended to be higher among those with CVDs (47.4−47.6%) and DM (50.0−51.6%). Comparisons between those with low vs. normal blood chromium levels indicate men have increased odds of CVDs (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.86, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.22−2.85, p < 0.001) and DM (aOR = 1.93, 95% CI: 1.32−2.83, p < 0.001) and lower odds of depression (aOR = 0.42, 95% CI: 0.22−0.77, p < 0.05). Dietary chromium may be important in the prevention and management of CVDs and DM for men. Continued exploration of chromium’s role in chronic diseases, including differences by biological factors, is needed.
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Exposure to Toxic Metals and Health Risk Assessment through Ingestion of Canned Sardines Sold in Brazil. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19137678. [PMID: 35805336 PMCID: PMC9266115 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19137678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The presence of heavy metals in the environment is increasing, which can be a danger to public health. Fish exposed to contaminated environments tend to have higher concentrations of some metals in their tissues. Monitoring these elements remains urgent as it is a matter of global concern. Canned sardines from the Brazilian market were analyzed for elements (Al, As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb, Se, and Zn) of metals and metalloids, including some toxic, using inductively coupled plasma optical spectrometry (ICP OES) in two types of sardines (preserved in oil and tomato sauce) from five different brands. The results were compared to limit levels for consumption set by FAO/WHO. Moreover, we assessed the associated risk regarding the elemental intake of these elements through the samples, using the hazard quotient (HQ), hazard index (HI), and carcinogenic risk (CR). All samples had unfavorable HQ and HI, primarily due to arsenic content. In the same manner, CR for arsenic was above the proposed limit of 10−4, and cadmium and chromium, which were within the acceptable limit (10−6 to 10−4), require attention. These results show that chronic consumption of canned sardines sold in Brazil is unsafe, and quality surveillance is needed to ensure there is no risk to the population that ingests these products.
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Dworzański W, Cholewińska E, Fotschki B, Juśkiewicz J, Ognik K. Oxidative, epigenetic changes and fermentation processes in the intestine of rats fed high-fat diets supplemented with various chromium forms. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9817. [PMID: 35701510 PMCID: PMC9198011 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13328-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to determine how feeding rats a high-fat diet (F) supplemented with various forms of chromium affects the responses of the immune and redox systems, as well as epigenetic changes in the ileal tissue and the course of fermentation processes in the caecum. The rats received a pharmacologically relevant dose 0.3 mg Cr/kg body weight in form of chromium(III) picolinate (Cr-Pic), chromium (III)-methionine (Cr-Met), or chromium nanoparticles (Cr-NPs). The F increased DNA oxidation and raised the level of interleukin IL-6. The F was shown to reduce the intensity of fermentation processes in the caecum while increasing the activity of potentially harmful enzymes in the faeces. The addition of Cr in the form of Cr-NPs and Cr-Met in rats fed F beneficially increased mobilization of enzymes of the DNA repair pathway. All forms of Cr, but especially Cr-NPs, beneficially decreased the activity of caecal bacterial β-glucuronidase, faecal β-glucosidase and β-glucuronidase. However, due to the increase in level of cytokine IL-2 in small intestinal wall, induced by all tested forms of chromium, it is difficult to state conclusively that this element can mitigate unfavourable pro-inflammatory and oxidative changes induced by a F in the small intestinal wall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Dworzański
- Chair and Department of Human Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090, Lublin, Poland
| | - Ewelina Cholewińska
- Department of Biochemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Bioeconomy, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20-950, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Bartosz Fotschki
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10, 10-748, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Jerzy Juśkiewicz
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10, 10-748, Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Ognik
- Department of Biochemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Bioeconomy, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20-950, Lublin, Poland
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Jurowski K, Fołta M, Tatar B, Krośniak M. The Comprehensive Toxicological Assessment of Total Chromium Impurities in Traditional Herbal Medicinal Product with Thymi herba (Thymus vulgaris L. and Thymus zygis L.) Available in Pharmacies in Poland: Short Communication. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:2983-2988. [PMID: 34373977 PMCID: PMC9132824 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02864-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Scientific reports about elemental impurities in final pharmaceutical products are essential from a regulatory point of view; unfortunately, there is a lack of studies about this important toxicological topic. The aim of our short communication was determination of total Cr impurities in traditional herbal medicinal products (THMP) with Thymi herba (Thymus vulgaris L. and Thymus zygis L.) available in Polish pharmacies (n = 6, because only six manufacturers produce this kind of pharmaceutical products in Poland). The total content of Cr impurities was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry using electrothermal atomization (ETAAS). Applied comprehensive toxicological risk assessment was based on three main tiers: Tier 1, the comparison of raw results as total Cr impurities profile (metal per L of THMP) with ICH Q3D guideline standards; Tier 2, the estimation of total Cr exposure with a single dose; and Tier 3, the estimation of total Cr daily exposure. We confirmed that total Cr impurities were present in all analyzed THMP with thymi herba (the observed level was below 6.0 µg/L). Total Cr concentration in a single dose can be deceptively high in comparison to the raw results but is not a threat to patients (20.15-63.45 ng/single dose). Moreover, the estimation of total Cr daily exposure shows that all analyzed THMP are characterized by daily dose (40.30-181.41 ng/day) below PDE value (10,700 mg/day); hence, all products meet the standards of ICH Q3D elemental impurities guideline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Jurowski
- Institute of Medical Studies, Medical College, Rzeszów University, Al. mjr. W. Kopisto 2a, 35-959, Rzeszów, Poland.
| | - Maria Fołta
- Department of Food Chemistry and Nutrition, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Barbara Tatar
- Department of Food Chemistry and Nutrition, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Mirosław Krośniak
- Department of Food Chemistry and Nutrition, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
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Interactions of Cr3+, Ni2+, and Sr2+ with Crushed Concrete Fines. CRYSTALS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst12050717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
The underutilized cement-rich fine fraction of concrete-based demolition waste is a potential sorbent for aqueous metal ion contaminants. In this study, crushed concrete fines (CCF) were found to exclude 33.9 mg g−1 of Cr3+, 35.8 mg g−1 of Ni2+, and 7.16 mg g−1 of Sr2+ from ~1000 ppm single metal nitrate solutions (CCF:solution 25 mg cm−3) under static batch conditions at 20 °C after 3 weeks. The removal of Sr2+ followed a pseudo-second-order reaction (k2 = 3.1 × 10−4 g mg−1 min−1, R2 = 0.999), whereas a pseudo-first-order model described the removal of Cr3+ (k1 = 2.3 × 10−4 min−1, R2 = 0.998) and Ni2+ (k1 = 5.7 × 10−4 min−1, R2 = 0.991). In all cases, the principal mechanism of interaction was the alkali-mediated precipitation of solubility-limiting phases on the surface of the CCF. Four consecutive deionized water leaching procedures (CCF:water 0.1 g cm−3) liberated 0.53%, 0.88%, and 8.39% of the bound Cr3+, Ni2+, and Sr2+ species, respectively. These findings indicate that CCF are an effective sorbent for the immobilization and retention of aqueous Cr3+ and Ni2+ ions, although they are comparatively ineffectual in the removal and sustained exclusion of Sr2+ ions. As is commonly noted with Portland cement-based sorbents, slow removal kinetics, long equilibrium times, the associated release of Ca2+ ions, high pH, and the formation of loose floc may preclude these materials from conventional wastewater treatments. This notwithstanding, they are potentially suitable for incorporation into permeable reactive barriers for the containment of metal species in contaminated groundwaters, sediments, and soils.
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Antioxidant Activity and Multi-Elemental Analysis of Dark Chocolate. Foods 2022; 11:foods11101445. [PMID: 35627015 PMCID: PMC9141620 DOI: 10.3390/foods11101445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cocoa beans are part of the cocoa plant fruit (Theobroma cacao L.) used to prepare various products such as chocolate, cocoa butter, jelly, liqueurs, cosmetics, etc. Dark chocolate is consumed worldwide by different populations and is known for its good taste, making it one of the most favoured food products. This work aimed to determine the content of total polyphenols (TPC), total flavonoids (TFC), and the antioxidant potential measured through the ability to scavenge DPPH free radicals (DPPH), ferric reducing power (FRAP), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC), as well as major and trace elements contained in twelve commercially available dark chocolate samples, with cocoa content ranging from 40% to 99%. The total polyphenols content ranged between 10.55 and 39.82 mg/g GAE, while the total flavonoid content was from 10.04 to 37.85 mg/g CE. All applied antioxidant assays indicate that the sample with the highest cocoa percentage shows the greatest antioxidant activity (DPPH: 48.34% of inhibition; FRAP: 89.00 mg/g GAE; TAC: 83.86 mg/g AAE). Statistical methods were applied to establish the differences between the samples concerning TPC, TFC, DPPH, FRAP and TAC, as well as to differentiate the samples according to the mineral content. The results indicated that the differences in TPC and TFC between different samples depended on the cocoa content and the addition of dried fruit pieces. A good correlation between antioxidant potency composite index (ACI) and declared cocoa content was noticed (R2 = 0.8034), indicating that the declared percentage of cocoa is a reliable indicator for antioxidant activity of analysed dark chocolate samples. The nutritional evaluation proved that the studied chocolate samples were an excellent source of Mg, Fe, Mn and Cu.
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Grigoriou C, Costopoulou D, Vassiliadou I, Karavoltsos S, Sakellari A, Bakeas E, Leondiadis L. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and trace elements dietary intake in inhabitants of Athens, Greece, based on a duplicate portion study. Food Chem Toxicol 2022; 165:113087. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.113087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Wu CH, Guo HR, Patel AK, Singhania RR, Chen YA, Kuo JM, Dong CD. Production and characterization of lucrative hypoglycemic collagen-peptide-chromium from tilapia scale. Process Biochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2022.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Werdemberg Dos Santos LC, Granja Arakaki D, Silva de Pádua Melo E, Nascimento VA. Health Hazard Assessment Due to Slimming Medicinal Plant Intake. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:1442-1454. [PMID: 34021873 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02732-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), about 80% of people rely on medicinal plants for their primary health needs. Traditional medicine's principal benefits are their vast population knowledge, low severe adverse effects rate, low cost, and the lack of a medical prescription to use them. While obesity has become a global health issue, an increase in finding cheap and fast ways to lose weight escalates medicinal herbs' use for this purpose, both in dietary supplements or in teas. At the same time that Brazil aims to expand traditional medicine, reports regarding toxicology and poisoning put natural products' safety in check. Plants can accumulate heavy metals and metalloids leading to health risks; however, there is a lack of information on that matter, possibly due to a lack of international standardization regarding elemental contamination - this study aimed to determine metal and metalloid concentrations in slimming medicinal plants and their respective teas and evaluate their safety consumption. Metal and metalloid content were determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP OES). All plants and teas were within the set limits for tolerable upper intake level (UL), provisional tolerable daily maximum intake (PTDMI), and provisional tolerable weekly intake (PTWI). The hazard quotient index (HQ) was above 1 for almost all plants, and the Hibiscus sabdariffa tea regarding aluminum content. The arsenic level was above the Brazilian Pharmacopeia limit in natura plants demonstrating risk in their consumption. Some herbs also presented detection for elements with no safety limits set, such as lead, cadmium, and arsenic, which could mark as a red flag for consumption once their security intake is not precise yet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laís Caroline Werdemberg Dos Santos
- GEBABS - Group of Spectroscopy and Bioinformatics Applied Biodiversity and Health, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, 79070-900, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Midwest Region of Brazil, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Daniela Granja Arakaki
- GEBABS - Group of Spectroscopy and Bioinformatics Applied Biodiversity and Health, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Elaine Silva de Pádua Melo
- GEBABS - Group of Spectroscopy and Bioinformatics Applied Biodiversity and Health, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Valter Aragão Nascimento
- GEBABS - Group of Spectroscopy and Bioinformatics Applied Biodiversity and Health, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, 79070-900, Brazil.
- Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Midwest Region of Brazil, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, 79070-900, Brazil.
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