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Yang L, Liu Q, Lu Q, Xiao JJ, Fu AY, Wang S, Ni L, Hu JW, Yu H, Wu X, Zhang BF. Scavenger Receptor Class B Type I Deficiency Induces Iron Overload and Ferroptosis in Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells via Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α/Transferrin Receptor 1 Signaling Pathway. Antioxid Redox Signal 2024; 41:56-73. [PMID: 38062756 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2023.0380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Aims: Scavenger receptor class B type I (SRBI) promotes cell cholesterol efflux and the clearance of plasma cholesterol. Thus, SRBI deficiency causes abnormal cholesterol metabolism and hyperlipidemia. Studies have suggested that ferroptosis is involved in lipotoxicity; however, whether SRBI deficiency could induce ferroptosis remains to be investigated. Results: We knocked down or knocked out SRBI in renal HK-2 cells and C57BL/6 mice to determine the expression levels of ferroptosis-related regulators. Our results demonstrated that SRBI deficiency upregulates transferrin receptor 1 (TFR1) expression and downregulates ferroportin expression, which induces iron overload and subsequent ferroptosis in renal tubular epithelial cells. TFR1 is known to be regulated by hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α). Next, we investigated whether SRBI deletion affected HIF-1α. SRBI deletion upregulated the mRNA and protein expression of HIF-1α, and promoted its translocation to the nucleus. To determine whether HIF-1α plays a key role in SRBI-deficiency-induced ferroptosis, we used HIF-1α inhibitor and siHIF-1α in HK-2 cells, and found that downregulation of HIF-1α prevented SRBI-silencing-induced TFR1 upregulation and iron overload, and eventually reduced ferroptosis. The underlying mechanism of HIF-1α activation was explored next, and the results showed that SRBI knockout or knockdown may upregulate the expression of HIF-1α, and promote HIF-1α translocation from the cytoplasm into the nucleus via the PKC-β/NF-κB signaling pathway. Innovation and Conclusion: Our study showed, for the first time, that SRBI deficiency induces iron overload and subsequent ferroptosis via the HIF-1α/TFR1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- LiJiao Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qing Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University TaiKang Medical School, Wuhan, China
| | - QianYu Lu
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing-Jie Xiao
- Department of Biochemistry and Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University TaiKang Medical School, Wuhan, China
| | - An-Yao Fu
- Department of Biochemistry and Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University TaiKang Medical School, Wuhan, China
| | - Shan Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University TaiKang Medical School, Wuhan, China
| | - LiHua Ni
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun-Wei Hu
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University TaiKang Medical School, Wuhan, China
| | - XiaoYan Wu
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Bai-Fang Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University TaiKang Medical School, Wuhan, China
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2
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Tran N, Mills EL. Redox regulation of macrophages. Redox Biol 2024; 72:103123. [PMID: 38615489 PMCID: PMC11026845 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Redox signaling, a mode of signal transduction that involves the transfer of electrons from a nucleophilic to electrophilic molecule, has emerged as an essential regulator of inflammatory macrophages. Redox reactions are driven by reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (ROS and RNS) and redox-sensitive metabolites such as fumarate and itaconate, which can post-translationally modify specific cysteine residues in target proteins. In the past decade our understanding of how ROS, RNS, and redox-sensitive metabolites control macrophage function has expanded dramatically. In this review, we discuss the latest evidence of how ROS, RNS, and metabolites regulate macrophage function and how this is dysregulated with disease. We highlight the key tools to assess redox signaling and important questions that remain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nhien Tran
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Evanna L Mills
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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3
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Zhou ZJ, Dong JY, Qiu Y, Zhang GL, Wei K, He LH, Sun YN, Jiang HZ, Zhang SS, Guo XR, Wang JY, Chen DP. Sulforaphane decreases oxidative stress and inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation in a mouse model of ulcerative colitis. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 175:116706. [PMID: 38713944 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Excessive oxidative stress and NLRP3 inflammasome activation are considered the main drivers of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and inhibition of inflammasomes ameliorates clinical symptoms and morphological manifestations of IBD. Herein, we examined the roles of NLRP3 activation in IBD and modulation of NLRP3 by sulforaphane (SFN), a compound with multiple pharmacological activities that is extracted from cruciferous plants. To simulate human IBD, we established a mouse colitis model by administering dextran sodium sulfate in the drinking water. SFN (25, 50 mg·kg-1·d-1, ig) or the positive control sulfasalazine (500 mg/kg, ig) was administered to colitis-affected mice for 7 days. Model mice displayed pathological alterations in colon tissue as well as classic symptoms of colitis beyond substantial tissue inflammation. Expression of NLRP3, ASC, and caspase-1 was significantly elevated in the colonic epithelium. The expression of NLRP3 inflammasomes led to activation of downstream proteins and increases in the cytokines IL-18 and IL-1β. SFN administration either fully or partially reversed these changes, thus restoring IL-18 and IL-1β, substantially inhibiting NLRP3 activation, and decreasing inflammation. SFN alleviated the inflammation induced by LPS and NLRP3 agonists in RAW264.7 cells by decreasing the levels of reactive oxygen species. In summary, our results revealed the pathological roles of oxidative stress and NLRP3 in colitis, and indicated that SFN might serve as a natural NLRP3 inhibitor, thereby providing a new strategy for alternative colitis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Juan Zhou
- Comparative Medicine Department of Researching and Teaching, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, China
| | - Jian-Yi Dong
- Comparative Medicine Department of Researching and Teaching, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, China
| | - Yang Qiu
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, China
| | - Guo-Lin Zhang
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, China
| | - Kun Wei
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, China
| | - Li-Heng He
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, China
| | - Yi-Ning Sun
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, China
| | | | - Shuang-Shuang Zhang
- Comparative Medicine Department of Researching and Teaching, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, China
| | - Xin-Rui Guo
- Comparative Medicine Department of Researching and Teaching, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, China
| | - Jing-Yu Wang
- Comparative Medicine Department of Researching and Teaching, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, China.
| | - Da-Peng Chen
- Comparative Medicine Department of Researching and Teaching, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, China.
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4
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Kavinda MD, Choi YH, Kang CH, Lee MH, Kim GY. 2,4'-Dihydroxybenzophenone: A Promising Anti-Inflammatory Agent Targeting Toll-like Receptor 4/Myeloid Differentiation Factor 2-Mediated Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species Production during Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Systemic Inflammation. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2024; 7:1320-1334. [PMID: 38751626 PMCID: PMC11092117 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.4c00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
The biochemical properties of 2,4'-dihydroxybenzophenone (DHP) have not been extensively studied. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate whether DHP could alleviate inflammatory responses induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and endotoxemia. The results indicated that DHP effectively reduced mortality and morphological abnormalities, restored heart rate, and mitigated macrophage and neutrophil recruitment to inflammatory sites in LPS-microinjected zebrafish larvae. Additionally, the expression of pro-inflammatory mediators, including inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-12 (IL-12), was significantly reduced in the presence of DHP. In RAW 264.7 macrophages, DHP inhibited the LPS-induced inflammatory response by downregulating pro-inflammatory mediators and decreasing the expression of myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MyD88), phosphorylation of IL-1 receptor-associated protein kinase-4 (p-IRAK4), and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB). Molecular docking analysis demonstrated that DHP occupies the hydrophobic pocket of myeloid differentiation factor 2 (MD2) and blocks the dimerization of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). A molecular dynamics simulation confirmed that DHP stably bound to the hydrophobic pocket of MD2. Furthermore, the DHP treatment inhibited mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) production during the LPS-induced inflammatory response in both RAW 264.7 macrophages and zebrafish larvae, which was accompanied by stabilizing mitochondrial membrane potential. In conclusion, our study highlights the therapeutic potential of DHP in alleviating LPS-induced inflammation and endotoxemia. The findings suggest that DHP exerts its anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the TLR4/MD2 signaling pathway and reducing the level of mtROS production. These results contribute to a better understanding of the biochemical properties of DHP and support its further exploration as a potential therapeutic agent for inflammatory conditions and endotoxemia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yung Hyun Choi
- Department
of Biochemistry, College of Korean Medicine, Dong-Eui University, Busan 47227, Republic
of Korea
| | - Chang-Hee Kang
- Nakdonggang
National Institute of Biological Resources, Sangju 37242, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Hwa Lee
- Nakdonggang
National Institute of Biological Resources, Sangju 37242, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi-Young Kim
- Department
of Marine Life Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
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5
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Drzewicka K, Zasłona Z. Metabolism-driven glycosylation represents therapeutic opportunities in interstitial lung diseases. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1328781. [PMID: 38550597 PMCID: PMC10973144 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1328781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic changes are coupled with alteration in protein glycosylation. In this review, we will focus on macrophages that are pivotal in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis and sarcoidosis and thanks to their adaptable metabolism are an attractive therapeutic target. Examples presented in this review demonstrate that protein glycosylation regulates metabolism-driven immune responses in macrophages, with implications for fibrotic processes and granuloma formation. Targeting proteins that regulate glycosylation, such as fucosyltransferases, neuraminidase 1 and chitinase 1 could effectively block immunometabolic changes driving inflammation and fibrosis, providing novel avenues for therapeutic interventions.
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6
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Ali Q, Ma S, Liu B, Niu J, Liu M, Mustafa A, Li D, Wang Z, Sun H, Cui Y, Shi Y. Supplementing Ryegrass Ameliorates Commercial Diet-Induced Gut Microbial Dysbiosis-Associated Spleen Dysfunctions by Gut-Microbiota-Spleen Axis. Nutrients 2024; 16:747. [PMID: 38474875 DOI: 10.3390/nu16050747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The type and composition of food strongly affect the variation and enrichment of the gut microbiota. The gut-microbiota-spleen axis has been developed, incorporating the spleen's function and maturation. However, how short-chain fatty-acid-producing gut microbiota can be considered to recover spleen function, particularly in spleens damaged by changed gut microbiota, is unknown in geese. Therefore, the gut microbial composition of the caecal chyme of geese was assessed by 16S rRNA microbial genes, and a Tax4Fun analysis identified the enrichment of KEGG orthologues involved in lipopolysaccharide production. The concentrations of LPS, reactive oxygen species, antioxidant/oxidant enzymes, and immunoglobulins were measured from serum samples and spleen tissues using ELISA kits. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR was employed to detect the Kelch-like-ECH-associated protein 1-Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Keap1-Nrf2), B cell and T cell targeting markers, and anti-inflammatory/inflammatory cytokines from the spleen tissues of geese. The SCFAs were determined from the caecal chyme of geese by using gas chromatography. In this study, ryegrass-enriched gut microbiota such as Eggerthellaceae, Oscillospiraceae, Rikenellaceae, and Lachnospiraceae attenuated commercial diet-induced gut microbial alterations and spleen dysfunctions in geese. Ryegrass significantly improved the SCFAs (acetic, butyric, propionic, isovaleric, and valeric acids), AMPK pathway-activated Nrf2 redox signaling cascades, B cells (B220, CD19, and IgD), and T cells (CD3, CD4, CD8, and IL-2, with an exception of IL-17 and TGF-β) to activate anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4 and IL-10) and immunoglobulins (IgA, IgG, and IgM) in geese. In conclusion, ryegrass-improved reprogramming of the gut microbiota restored the spleen functions by attenuating LPS-induced oxidative stress and systemic inflammation through the gut-microbiota-spleen axis in geese.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qasim Ali
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Sen Ma
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Innovation and Utilization of Grassland Resources, Zhengzhou 450002, China
- Henan Herbage Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Boshuai Liu
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Innovation and Utilization of Grassland Resources, Zhengzhou 450002, China
- Henan Herbage Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Jiakuan Niu
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Mengqi Liu
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Ahsan Mustafa
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Defeng Li
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Innovation and Utilization of Grassland Resources, Zhengzhou 450002, China
- Henan Herbage Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Zhichang Wang
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Innovation and Utilization of Grassland Resources, Zhengzhou 450002, China
- Henan Herbage Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Hao Sun
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Innovation and Utilization of Grassland Resources, Zhengzhou 450002, China
- Henan Herbage Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yalei Cui
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Innovation and Utilization of Grassland Resources, Zhengzhou 450002, China
- Henan Herbage Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yinghua Shi
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Innovation and Utilization of Grassland Resources, Zhengzhou 450002, China
- Henan Herbage Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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7
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Tran TAT, Iwata Y, Hoang LT, Kitajima S, Yoneda-Nakagawa S, Oshima M, Sakai N, Toyama T, Yamamura Y, Yamazaki H, Hara A, Shimizu M, Sako K, Minami T, Yuasa T, Horikoshi K, Hayashi D, Kajikawa S, Wada T. Protective Role of MAVS Signaling for Murine Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Kidney Injury. Immunohorizons 2024; 8:1-18. [PMID: 38169549 PMCID: PMC10835654 DOI: 10.4049/immunohorizons.2300069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite treatment advances, acute kidney injury (AKI)-related mortality rates are still high in hospitalized adults, often due to sepsis. Sepsis and AKI could synergistically worsen the outcomes of critically ill patients. TLR4 signaling and mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS) signaling are innate immune responses essential in kidney diseases, but their involvement in sepsis-associated AKI (SA-AKI) remains unclear. We studied the role of MAVS in kidney injury related to the TLR4 signaling pathway using a murine LPS-induced AKI model in wild-type and MAVS-knockout mice. We confirmed the importance of M1 macrophage in SA-AKI through in vivo assessment of inflammatory responses. The TLR4 signaling pathway was upregulated in activated bone marrow-derived macrophages, in which MAVS helped maintain the LPS-suppressed TLR4 mRNA level. MAVS regulated redox homeostasis via NADPH oxidase Nox2 and mitochondrial reverse electron transport in macrophages to alleviate the TLR4 signaling response to LPS. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) and AP-1 were key regulators of TLR4 transcription and connected MAVS-dependent reactive oxygen species signaling with the TLR4 pathway. Inhibition of succinate dehydrogenase could partly reduce inflammation in LPS-treated bone marrow-derived macrophages without MAVS. These findings highlight the renoprotective role of MAVS in LPS-induced AKI by regulating reactive oxygen species generation-related genes and maintaining redox balance. Controlling redox homeostasis through MAVS signaling may be a promising therapy for SA-AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trang Anh Thi Tran
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Yasunori Iwata
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
- Division of Infection Control, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Linh Thuy Hoang
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Shinji Kitajima
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
- Division of Blood Purification, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | | | - Megumi Oshima
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Norihiko Sakai
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
- Division of Blood Purification, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Tadashi Toyama
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Yuta Yamamura
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Hiroka Yamazaki
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Akinori Hara
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Miho Shimizu
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Keisuke Sako
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Taichiro Minami
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Takahiro Yuasa
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Keisuke Horikoshi
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Daiki Hayashi
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Sho Kajikawa
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Takashi Wada
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
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8
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Pfefferlé M, Vallelian F. Transcription Factor NRF2 in Shaping Myeloid Cell Differentiation and Function. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2024; 1459:159-195. [PMID: 39017844 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-62731-6_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
NFE2-related factor 2 (NRF2) is a master transcription factor (TF) that coordinates key cellular homeostatic processes including antioxidative responses, autophagy, proteostasis, and metabolism. The emerging evidence underscores its significant role in modulating inflammatory and immune processes. This chapter delves into the role of NRF2 in myeloid cell differentiation and function and its implication in myeloid cell-driven diseases. In macrophages, NRF2 modulates cytokine production, phagocytosis, pathogen clearance, and metabolic adaptations. In dendritic cells (DCs), it affects maturation, cytokine production, and antigen presentation capabilities, while in neutrophils, NRF2 is involved in activation, migration, cytokine production, and NETosis. The discussion extends to how NRF2's regulatory actions pertain to a wide array of diseases, such as sepsis, various infectious diseases, cancer, wound healing, atherosclerosis, hemolytic conditions, pulmonary disorders, hemorrhagic events, and autoimmune diseases. The activation of NRF2 typically reduces inflammation, thereby modifying disease outcomes. This highlights the therapeutic potential of NRF2 modulation in treating myeloid cell-driven pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Pfefferlé
- Department of Internal Medicine, Spital Limmattal, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Florence Vallelian
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Zurich and University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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9
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Nakamizo S, Sugiura Y, Ishida Y, Ueki Y, Yonekura S, Tanizaki H, Date H, Yoshizawa A, Murata T, Minatoya K, Katagiri M, Nomura S, Komuro I, Ogawa S, Nakajima S, Kambe N, Egawa G, Kabashima K. Activation of the pentose phosphate pathway in macrophages is crucial for granuloma formation in sarcoidosis. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e171088. [PMID: 38038136 PMCID: PMC10688990 DOI: 10.1172/jci171088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcoidosis is a disease of unknown etiology in which granulomas form throughout the body and is typically treated with glucocorticoids, but there are no approved steroid-sparing alternatives. Here, we investigated the mechanism of granuloma formation using single-cell RNA-Seq in sarcoidosis patients. We observed that the percentages of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2-positive (TREM2-positive) macrophages expressing angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and lysozyme, diagnostic makers of sarcoidosis, were increased in cutaneous sarcoidosis granulomas. Macrophages in the sarcoidosis lesion were hypermetabolic, especially in the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP). Expression of the PPP enzymes, such as fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase 1 (FBP1), was elevated in both systemic granuloma lesions and serum of sarcoidosis patients. Granuloma formation was attenuated by the PPP inhibitors in in vitro giant cell and in vivo murine granuloma models. These results suggest that the PPP may be a promising target for developing therapeutics for sarcoidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Nakamizo
- Department of Dermatology
- Alliance Laboratory for Advanced Medical Research, and
| | - Yuki Sugiura
- Center for Cancer Immunotherapy and Immunobiology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Yoko Ueki
- Department of Dermatology, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Hideaki Tanizaki
- Department of Dermatology, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Akihiko Yoshizawa
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Teruasa Murata
- Department of Dermatology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Kenji Minatoya
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Seitaro Nomura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and
- Department of Frontier Cardiovascular Science, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo
| | - Issei Komuro
- Department of Frontier Cardiovascular Science, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo
- International University of Health and Welfare, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seishi Ogawa
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (WPI-ASHBi), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Saeko Nakajima
- Department of Dermatology
- Department of Drug Discovery for Inflammatory Skin Diseases, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | | | - Kenji Kabashima
- Department of Dermatology
- Skin Research Institute of Singapore (SRIS) and A*STAR Skin Research Labs (A*SRL), Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
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10
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Liu J, Han X, Zhang T, Tian K, Li Z, Luo F. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging biomaterials for anti-inflammatory diseases: from mechanism to therapy. J Hematol Oncol 2023; 16:116. [PMID: 38037103 PMCID: PMC10687997 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-023-01512-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a fundamental defensive response to harmful stimuli, but the overactivation of inflammatory responses is associated with most human diseases. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are a class of chemicals that are generated after the incomplete reduction of molecular oxygen. At moderate levels, ROS function as critical signaling molecules in the modulation of various physiological functions, including inflammatory responses. However, at excessive levels, ROS exert toxic effects and directly oxidize biological macromolecules, such as proteins, nucleic acids and lipids, further exacerbating the development of inflammatory responses and causing various inflammatory diseases. Therefore, designing and manufacturing biomaterials that scavenge ROS has emerged an important approach for restoring ROS homeostasis, limiting inflammatory responses and protecting the host against damage. This review systematically outlines the dynamic balance of ROS production and clearance under physiological conditions. We focus on the mechanisms by which ROS regulate cell signaling proteins and how these cell signaling proteins further affect inflammation. Furthermore, we discuss the use of potential and currently available-biomaterials that scavenge ROS, including agents that were engineered to reduce ROS levels by blocking ROS generation, directly chemically reacting with ROS, or catalytically accelerating ROS clearance, in the treatment of inflammatory diseases. Finally, we evaluate the challenges and prospects for the controlled production and material design of ROS scavenging biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiatong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xiaoyue Han
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Tingyue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Keyue Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zhaoping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Feng Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
- Department of Prosthodontics, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14, Section 3, Renmin Nanlu, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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11
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Lim EY, Lee SY, Shin HS, Kim GD. Reactive Oxygen Species and Strategies for Antioxidant Intervention in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2016. [PMID: 38001869 PMCID: PMC10669909 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12112016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a life-threatening pulmonary condition characterized by the sudden onset of respiratory failure, pulmonary edema, dysfunction of endothelial and epithelial barriers, and the activation of inflammatory cascades. Despite the increasing number of deaths attributed to ARDS, a comprehensive therapeutic approach for managing patients with ARDS remains elusive. To elucidate the pathological mechanisms underlying ARDS, numerous studies have employed various preclinical models, often utilizing lipopolysaccharide as the ARDS inducer. Accumulating evidence emphasizes the pivotal role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the pathophysiology of ARDS. Both preclinical and clinical investigations have asserted the potential of antioxidants in ameliorating ARDS. This review focuses on various sources of ROS, including NADPH oxidase, uncoupled endothelial nitric oxide synthase, cytochrome P450, and xanthine oxidase, and provides a comprehensive overview of their roles in ARDS. Additionally, we discuss the potential of using antioxidants as a strategy for treating ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Yeong Lim
- Division of Food Functionality Research, Korea Food Research Institute (KFRI), Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea; (E.Y.L.); (S.-Y.L.); (H.S.S.)
| | - So-Young Lee
- Division of Food Functionality Research, Korea Food Research Institute (KFRI), Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea; (E.Y.L.); (S.-Y.L.); (H.S.S.)
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Soon Shin
- Division of Food Functionality Research, Korea Food Research Institute (KFRI), Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea; (E.Y.L.); (S.-Y.L.); (H.S.S.)
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Gun-Dong Kim
- Division of Food Functionality Research, Korea Food Research Institute (KFRI), Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea; (E.Y.L.); (S.-Y.L.); (H.S.S.)
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12
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Hassanein EHM, Kamel EO, Gad-Elrab WM, Ahmed MA, Mohammedsaleh ZM, Ali FEM. Lansoprazole attenuates cyclophosphamide-induced cardiopulmonary injury by modulating redox-sensitive pathways and inflammation. Mol Cell Biochem 2023; 478:2319-2335. [PMID: 36717473 PMCID: PMC10520119 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04662-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Cyclophosphamide (CPA) is a classical chemotherapeutic drug widely used as an anticancer and immunosuppressive agent. However, it is frequently associated with significant toxicities to the normal cells of different organs, including the lung and heart. Lansoprazole (LPZ), a proton pump inhibitor (PPI), possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The current study investigated how LPZ protects against CPA-induced cardiac and pulmonary damage, focusing on PPARγ, Nrf2, HO-1, cytoglobin, PI3K/AKT, and NF-κB signaling. Animals were randomly assigned into four groups: normal control group (received vehicle), LPZ only group (Rats received LPZ at a dose of 50 mg/kg/day P.O. for 10 days), CPA group (CPA was administered (200 mg/kg) as a single i.p. injection on the 7th day), and cotreatment group (LPZ plus CPA). Histopathological and biochemical analyses were conducted. Our results revealed that LPZ treatment revoked CPA-induced heart and lung histopathological alterations. Also, LPZ potently mitigated CPA-induced cardiac and pulmonary oxidative stress through the activation of PPARγ, Nrf2/HO-1, cytoglobin, and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways. Also, LPZ effectively suppressed inflammatory response as evidenced by down-regulating the inflammatory strategic controller NF-κB, MPO, and pro-inflammatory cytokines. The present findings could provide a mechanistic basis for understanding LPZ's role in CPA-induced cardiopulmonary injury through the alleviation of oxidative stress and inflammatory burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emad H M Hassanein
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut, 71524, Egypt
| | - Esam O Kamel
- Department of Medical Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Wail M Gad-Elrab
- Department of Human Anatomy & Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Mohammed A Ahmed
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Zuhair M Mohammedsaleh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71491, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Fares E M Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut, 71524, Egypt.
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13
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Pampuscenko K, Morkuniene R, Krasauskas L, Smirnovas V, Brown GC, Borutaite V. Extracellular tau stimulates phagocytosis of living neurons by activated microglia via Toll-like 4 receptor-NLRP3 inflammasome-caspase-1 signalling axis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10813. [PMID: 37402829 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37887-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In tauopathies, abnormal deposition of intracellular tau protein followed by gradual elevation of tau in cerebrospinal fluids and neuronal loss has been documented, however, the mechanism how actually neurons die under tau pathology is largely unknown. We have previously shown that extracellular tau protein (2N4R isoform) can stimulate microglia to phagocytose live neurons, i.e. cause neuronal death by primary phagocytosis, also known as phagoptosis. Here we show that tau protein induced caspase-1 activation in microglial cells via 'Toll-like' 4 (TLR4) receptors and neutral sphingomyelinase. Tau-induced neuronal loss was blocked by caspase-1 inhibitors (Ac-YVAD-CHO and VX-765) as well as by TLR4 antibodies. Inhibition of caspase-1 by Ac-YVAD-CHO prevented tau-induced exposure of phosphatidylserine on the outer leaflet of neuronal membranes and reduced microglial phagocytic activity. We also show that suppression of NLRP3 inflammasome, which is down-stream of TLR4 receptors and mediates caspase-1 activation, by a specific inhibitor (MCC550) also prevented tau-induced neuronal loss. Moreover, NADPH oxidase is also involved in tau-induced neurotoxicity since neuronal loss was abolished by its pharmacological inhibitor. Overall, our data indicate that extracellular tau protein stimulates microglia to phagocytose live neurons via Toll-like 4 receptor-NLRP3 inflammasome-caspase-1 axis and NADPH oxidase, each of which may serve as a potential molecular target for pharmacological treatment of tauopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katryna Pampuscenko
- Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 50161, Kaunas, Lithuania.
| | - Ramune Morkuniene
- Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 50161, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Lukas Krasauskas
- Life Sciences Center, Institute of Biotechnology, Vilnius University, 10257, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Vytautas Smirnovas
- Life Sciences Center, Institute of Biotechnology, Vilnius University, 10257, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Guy C Brown
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1QW, UK
| | - Vilmante Borutaite
- Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 50161, Kaunas, Lithuania
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14
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Wang H, Jia X, Zhang M, Cheng C, Liang X, Wang X, Xie F, Wang J, Yu Y, He Y, Dong Q, Wang Y, Xu A. Isoliquiritigenin inhibits virus replication and virus-mediated inflammation via NRF2 signaling. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 114:154786. [PMID: 37002973 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The transcription factor NRF2 is a master redox switch that regulates the cellular antioxidant response. However, recent advances have revealed new roles for NRF2, including the regulation of antiviral responses to various viruses, suggesting that pharmacological NRF2-activating agents may be a promising therapeutic drug for viral diseases. Isoliquiritigenin (ISL), a chalcone isolated from liquorice (Glycyrrhizae Radix) root, is reported to be a natural NRF2 agonist and has has antiviral activities against HCV (hepatitis C virus) and IAV (influenza A virus). However, the spectrum of antiviral activity and associated mechanism of ISL against other viruses are not well defined. PURPOSE This study investigated the antiviral activity and underlying mechanism of ISL against vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), influenza A virus (H1N1), encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV), herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). METHODS We evaluated the antiviral activity of ISL against VSV, H1N1, EMCV, and HSV-1 using flow cytometry and qRT-PCR analysis. RNA sequencing and bioinformatic analysis were performed to investigate the potential antiviral mechanism of ISL. NRF2 knockout cells were used to investigate whether NRF2 is required for the antiviral activity of ISL. The anti-apoptosis and anti-inflammatory activities of ISL were further measured by counting cell death ratio and assessing proinflammatory cytokines expression in virus-infected cells, respectively. In addition, we evaluated the antiviral effect of ISL in vivo by measuring the survival rate, body weights, histological analysis, viral load, and cytokine expression in VSV-infected mouse model. RESULTS Our data demonstrated that ISL effectively suppressed VSV, H1N1, HSV-1, and EMCV replication in vitro. The antiviral activity of ISL could be partially impaired in NRF2-deficient cells. Virus-induced cell death and proinflammatory cytokines were repressed by ISL. Finally, we showed that ISL treatment protected mice against VSV infection by reducing viral titers and suppressing the expression of inflammatory cytokines in vivo. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that ISL has antiviral and anti-inflammatory effects in virus infections, which are associated with its ability to activate NRF2 signaling, thus indicating that ISL has the potential to serve as an NRF2 agonist in the treatment of viral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haojia Wang
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Jia
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Meiqi Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Cuiqin Cheng
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xue Liang
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xuejiao Wang
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Xie
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jinyong Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yanli Yu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yuting He
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qiutong Dong
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yao Wang
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Anlong Xu
- School of Life Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
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15
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Feng J, Read OJ, Dinkova-Kostova AT. Nrf2 in TIME: The Emerging Role of Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 in the Tumor Immune Microenvironment. Mol Cells 2023; 46:142-152. [PMID: 36927604 PMCID: PMC10070167 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2023.2183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) mediates the cellular antioxidant response, allowing adaptation and survival under conditions of oxidative, electrophilic and inflammatory stress, and has a role in metabolism, inflammation and immunity. Activation of Nrf2 provides broad and long-lasting cytoprotection, and is often hijacked by cancer cells, allowing their survival under unfavorable conditions. Moreover, Nrf2 activation in established human tumors is associated with resistance to chemo-, radio-, and immunotherapies. In addition to cancer cells, Nrf2 activation can also occur in tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and facilitate an anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). Several cancer cell-derived metabolites, such as itaconate, L-kynurenine, lactic acid and hyaluronic acid, play an important role in modulating the TIME and tumor-TAMs crosstalk, and have been shown to activate Nrf2. The effects of Nrf2 in TIME are context-depended, and involve multiple mechanisms, including suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, increased expression of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1), macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and kynureninase, accelerated catabolism of cytotoxic labile heme, and facilitating the metabolic adaptation of TAMs. This understanding presents both challenges and opportunities for strategic targeting of Nrf2 in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Feng
- Division of Cellular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Oliver J. Read
- Division of Cellular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Albena T. Dinkova-Kostova
- Division of Cellular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences and Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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16
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Transcutaneous Electrical Acupoint Stimulation Improves Postoperative Sleep Quality in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Gastrointestinal Tumor Surgery: A Prospective, Randomized Controlled Trial. Pain Ther 2023; 12:707-722. [PMID: 36928500 PMCID: PMC10199983 DOI: 10.1007/s40122-023-00493-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study was conducted to observe the effect of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) on the postoperative sleep quality of patients undergoing gastrointestinal tumor surgery and to verify the possible mechanism. METHODS Eighty-three patients were allocated to the TEAS or Sham group. Patients in the TEAS group received TEAS treatment (disperse-dense waves; frequency, 2/100 Hz) on bilateral Shenmen (HT7), Neiguan (PC6) and Zusanli (ST36) points for 30 min each time, total three times in the perioperative period. In the Sham group, electrodes were placed; however, no current was given. Sleep quality was assessed on the day before surgery (P1) and the first and third days after surgery (D1 and D3) using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS). Postoperative pain was assessed using visual analog scale (VAS) 72 h postoperatively. The incidences of abdominal distension, dizziness, postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) and pulmonary complications were recorded. Serum levels of inflammatory cytokines and the expression of key factors of oxidative stress and key molecules of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/antioxidant response element (Nrf2/ARE) signal pathway were measured. RESULTS TEAS ameliorated sleep quality at D1 and D3 (PSQI P < 0.05, AIS P < 0.05) and decreased postoperative pain as demonstrated by lower VAS scores compared to the Sham group (P < 0.05). The incidences of abdominal distension and PONV were also lower in the TEAS group. Markers of oxidative stress were increased (P < 0.05), and the serum concentration of interleukin-6 (IL-6) was significantly lower in the TEAS group. The key mediators of the Nrf2/ARE pathway were enhanced after TEAS. CONCLUSION Perioperative TEAS improved postoperative sleep quality, reduced postoperative pain and alleviated postoperative adverse effects in patients undergoing laparoscopic gastrointestinal tumor surgery resection. This may be associated with activating Nrf2/ARE signal pathway and decreasing its inflammatory actions. TRIAL REGISTRATION Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ( http://www.chictr.org.cn/index.aspx ), ChiCTR2100054971.
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17
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Yuan Y, Guan H, Huang Y, Luo J, Jian J, Cai S, Yang S. Involvement of Nrf2 in the immune regulation of Litopenaeus vannamei against Vibrio harveyi infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 133:108547. [PMID: 36646337 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
NF-E2-related factor-like-2 (Nrf2) is a transcription factor that belongs to the Cap'n'Collar transcription factor family and plays a role in regulating inflammation, autophagy, metabolism, proteostasis, and cancer prevention. However, its influence on Vibrio spp infection in L. vannamei remains uncertain. In this study, the effects of Nrf2 on the immune response in Vibrio spp infection was determined by RT-PCR and histopathological analysis. The results showed that RNAi of Nrf2 significantly decreased the expression of antioxidant-related genes (CAT, SOD and GST; p < 0.05), and significantly up-regulated inflammation-related genes (IMD, pro-PO, P38, Toll, Hsp70, NFκB and RAB6A; p < 0.05) and the apoptosis gene (caspase3). Under the infection of V. harveyi, histopathological analysis showed that after RNAi of Nrf2, the hepatopancreas of shrimp has an abnormal arrangement of hepatic tubules and vacuolization of hepatocyte; The basement membrane is peeled off and the epithelial cells are massively necrotic. Compared with the RNAi of Nrf2 group, the tissue damage in the SFN group was much lessened, and there were fewer apoptosis signals in the TUNEL assay. In conclusion, this experiment indicated that Nrf2 is involved in the regulation of inflammatory response, oxidative stress,and apoptosis induced by V. harveyi in L. vannamei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhao Yuan
- Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture & Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Haoxiang Guan
- Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture & Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Yongxiong Huang
- Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture & Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Junliang Luo
- Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture & Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Jichang Jian
- Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture & Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Shuanghu Cai
- Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture & Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Shiping Yang
- Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture & Key Laboratory of Control for Disease of Aquatic Animals of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Zhanjiang, 524088, China.
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Liang P, Wang L, Yang S, Pan X, Li J, Zhang Y, Liang Y, Li J, Zhou B. 5-Methoxyflavone alleviates LPS-mediated lung injury by promoting Nrf2-mediated the suppression of NOX4/TLR4 axis in bronchial epithelial cells and M1 polarization in macrophages. J Inflamm (Lond) 2022; 19:24. [PMID: 36451220 PMCID: PMC9713965 DOI: 10.1186/s12950-022-00319-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute lung injury (ALI) arises from sepsis or bacterial infection, which are life-threatening respiratory disorders that cause the leading cause of death worldwide. 5-Methoxyflavone, a methylated flavonoid, is gaining increased attention for its various health benefits. In the current study, we investigated the potential effects of 5-methoxyflavone against LPS-mediated ALI and elucidated the corresponding possible mechanism. METHODS A mouse model with ALI was established by intratracheal instillation of LPS, and lung pathological changes, signaling pathway related proteins and apoptosis in lung tissues were estimated by H&E staining, immunofluorescence and TUNEL assay, respectively. Cell viability was evaluated by MTT assay; protein levels of pro-inflammatory mediators were measured by ELISA assay; levels of ROS and M1 macrophage polarization were assayed by flow cytometry; the expression of Nrf2 signaling, NOX4/TLR4 axis and P-STAT1 were detected by western blotting. RESULTS Our results showed that 5-methoxyflavone treatment inhibited LPS-induced expression of NOX4 and TLR4 as well as the activation of downstream signaling (NF-κB and P38 MAPK), which was accompanied by markedly decreased ROS levels and pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α, MCP-1, and IL-8) in BEAS-2B cells. Moreover, we revealed that these effects of 5-methoxyflavone were related to its Nrf2 activating property, and blockade of Nrf2 prevented its inhibitory effects on NOX4/TLR4/NF-κB/P38 MAPK signaling, thus abrogating the anti-inflammatory effects of 5-methoxyflavone. Besides, the Nrf2 activating property of 5-methoxyflavone in RAW264.7 cells led to inhibition of LPS/IFN-γ-mediated STAT1 signaling, resulting in suppression of LPS/IFN-γ-induced M1 macrophage polarization and the repolarization of M2 macrophages to M1. In a mouse model of LPS-induced ALI, 5-methoxyflavone administration ameliorated LPS-mediated lung pathological changes, the increased lung index (lung/body weight ratio), and epithelial cell apoptosis. Meanwhile, we found 5-methoxyflavone effectively suppressed the hyperactive signaling pathways and the production of excessive pro-inflammatory mediators. Moreover, 5-methoxyflavone reduced LPS-mediated M1 macrophage polarization associated with elevated P-STAT1 activation in the lung tissues. In addition, 5-methoxyflavone improved the survival of LPS-challenged mice. CONCLUSION These results indicated that 5-methoxyflavone might be suitable for the development of a novel drug for ALI therapeutic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panqiao Liang
- grid.478001.aCenter of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, The People’s Hospital of Gaozhou, Gaozhou, 525200, China ,grid.410737.60000 0000 8653 1072Department of Clinical Medicine, The Third Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436 China
| | | | - Sushan Yang
- grid.478001.aDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, The People’s Hospital of Gaozhou, Gaozhou, 525200 China
| | | | - Jiashun Li
- grid.284723.80000 0000 8877 7471Department of Respiratory, Affiliated Huadu Hospital, Southern Medical University (People’s Hospital of Huadu District), Huadu, 510800 China
| | - Yuehan Zhang
- grid.478001.aCenter of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, The People’s Hospital of Gaozhou, Gaozhou, 525200, China
| | - Yueyun Liang
- grid.478001.aDepartment of Anesthesiology, The People’s Hospital of Gaozhou, Gaozhou, 525200 China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China ,grid.410737.60000 0000 8653 1072Institute of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Beixian Zhou
- grid.478001.aCenter of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, The People’s Hospital of Gaozhou, Gaozhou, 525200, China
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Mohamed Anter H, Mokhtar Aman R, Abdelaziz Shaaban A, Ibrahim Abu Hashim I, Mohamed Meshali M. Propitious maneuvering for delivery of the phytopharmaceutical "apocynin" to induced fulminant hepatitis in BALB/c mice: In vitro and in vivo assessments. Int J Pharm 2022; 626:122165. [PMID: 36089210 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Apocynin (APO), a specific nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-oxidase (NADPH-oxidase, NOX) inhibitor, has recently emerged as a bioactive phytochemical with eminent anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activities. To our knowledge, no research has been conducted to fabricate a mucoadhesive nanostructured delivery system of APO that targets the liver. Accordingly, chitosan (CS) surface decorated polymeric nanoparticulate delivery system (PNDS) was victoriously fabricated by double emulsion-solvent evaporation method. Herein, a randomized full 33 factorial design was employed to assess the impact of the independently processing parameters (IPPs) namely; (poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) amount (A)), (polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) concentration (B)), and (CS concentration (C)), on different dependently measured attributes (DMAs). The optimal APO-loaded chitosan-coated poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles (APO-loaded CS-coated PLGA NPs) formula (F19) would be extensively appraised through meticulous in vitro-in vivo studies. Crucially, the results revealed that oral pre-treatment with the optimal formula evoked a prodigious in vivo hepatoprotective efficacy against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/D-(+)-galactosamine (D-GalN) induced fulminant hepatitis (FH) in BALB/c mice when compared with pure APO, uncoated F19, and plain NPs (P NPs) pretreated groups. In conclusion, APO-loaded CS-coated PLGA NPs could be considered as a promising oral mucoadhesive phytopharmaceutical PNDS to open new prospects for therapeutic intervention in inflammatory based liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hend Mohamed Anter
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Dakahlia 35516, Egypt.
| | - Reham Mokhtar Aman
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Dakahlia 35516, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Abdelaziz Shaaban
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Dakahlia 35516, Egypt; Department of Pharmacology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa 11152, Egypt
| | - Irhan Ibrahim Abu Hashim
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Dakahlia 35516, Egypt
| | - Mahasen Mohamed Meshali
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Dakahlia 35516, Egypt
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Wrublewsky S, Glas J, Carlein C, Nalbach L, Hoffmann MDA, Pack M, Vilas-Boas EA, Ribot N, Kappl R, Menger MD, Laschke MW, Ampofo E, Roma LP. The loss of pancreatic islet NADPH oxidase (NOX)2 improves islet transplantation. Redox Biol 2022; 55:102419. [PMID: 35933903 PMCID: PMC9357848 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Islet transplantation is a promising treatment strategy for type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients. However, oxidative stress-induced graft failure due to an insufficient revascularization is a major problem of this therapeutic approach. NADPH oxidase (NOX)2 is an important producer of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and several studies have already reported that this enzyme plays a crucial role in the endocrine function and viability of β-cells. Therefore, we hypothesized that targeting islet NOX2 improves the outcome of islet transplantation. To test this, we analyzed the cellular composition and viability of isolated wild-type (WT) and Nox2-/- islets by immunohistochemistry as well as different viability assays. Ex vivo, the effect of Nox2 deficiency on superoxide production, endocrine function and anti-oxidant protein expression was studied under hypoxic conditions. In vivo, we transplanted WT and Nox2-/- islets into mouse dorsal skinfold chambers and under the kidney capsule of diabetic mice to assess their revascularization and endocrine function, respectively. We found that the loss of NOX2 does not affect the cellular composition and viability of isolated islets. However, decreased superoxide production, higher glucose-stimulated insulin secretion as well as expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf)2, heme oxygenase (HO)-1 and superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) was detected in hypoxic Nox2-/- islets when compared to WT islets. Moreover, we detected an early revascularization, a higher take rate and restoration of normoglycemia in diabetic mice transplanted with Nox2-/- islets. These findings indicate that the suppression of NOX2 activity represents a promising therapeutic strategy to improve engraftment and function of isolated islets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selina Wrublewsky
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, 66421, Homburg, Germany
| | - Julia Glas
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, 66421, Homburg, Germany
| | - Christopher Carlein
- Department of Biophysics, Center for Human and Molecular Biology (ZHMB), Saarland University, 66421, Homburg, Germany
| | - Lisa Nalbach
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, 66421, Homburg, Germany
| | | | - Mandy Pack
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saarland University, 66421, Homburg, Germany
| | - Eloisa Aparecida Vilas-Boas
- Department of Biophysics, Center for Human and Molecular Biology (ZHMB), Saarland University, 66421, Homburg, Germany; Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Nathan Ribot
- Department of Biophysics, Center for Human and Molecular Biology (ZHMB), Saarland University, 66421, Homburg, Germany
| | - Reinhard Kappl
- Department of Biophysics, Center for Human and Molecular Biology (ZHMB), Saarland University, 66421, Homburg, Germany
| | - Michael D Menger
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, 66421, Homburg, Germany
| | - Matthias W Laschke
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, 66421, Homburg, Germany
| | - Emmanuel Ampofo
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, 66421, Homburg, Germany
| | - Leticia Prates Roma
- Department of Biophysics, Center for Human and Molecular Biology (ZHMB), Saarland University, 66421, Homburg, Germany.
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21
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Schaue D, Micewicz ED, Ratikan JA, Iwamoto KS, Vlashi E, McDonald JT, McBride WH. NRF2 Mediates Cellular Resistance to Transformation, Radiation, and Inflammation in Mice. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:1649. [PMID: 36139722 PMCID: PMC9495793 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) is recognized as a master transcription factor that regulates expression of numerous detoxifying and antioxidant cytoprotective genes. In fact, models of NRF2 deficiency indicate roles not only in redox regulation, but also in metabolism, inflammatory/autoimmune disease, cancer, and radioresistancy. Since ionizing radiation (IR) generates reactive oxygen species (ROS), it is not surprising it activates NRF2 pathways. However, unexpectedly, activation is often delayed for many days after the initial ROS burst. Here, we demonstrate that, as assayed by γ-H2AX staining, rapid DNA double strand break (DSB) formation by IR in primary mouse Nrf2-/- MEFs was not affected by loss of NRF2, and neither was DSB repair to any great extent. In spite of this, basal and IR-induced transformation was greatly enhanced, suggesting that NRF2 protects against late IR-induced genomic instability, at least in murine MEFs. Another possible IR- and NRF2-related event that could be altered is inflammation and NRF2 deficiency increased IR-induced NF-κB pro-inflammatory responses mostly late after exposure. The proclivity of NRF2 to restrain inflammation is also reflected in the reprogramming of tumor antigen-specific lymphocyte responses in mice where Nrf2 k.o. switches Th2 responses to Th1 polarity. Delayed NRF2 responses to IR may be critical for the immune transition from prooxidant inflammation to antioxidant healing as well as in driving cellular radioresistance and survival. Targeting NRF2 to reprogram immunity could be of considerable therapeutic benefit in radiation and immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dörthe Schaue
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1714, USA
| | - Ewa D. Micewicz
- Biotts S.A., Ul. Wrocławska 44C, 55-040 Bielany Wrocławskie, Poland
| | - Josephine A. Ratikan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1714, USA
| | - Keisuke S. Iwamoto
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1714, USA
| | - Erina Vlashi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1714, USA
| | - J. Tyson McDonald
- Department of Radiation Medicine, School of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - William H. McBride
- Department of Radiation Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1714, USA
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22
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Red Palm Oil Ameliorates Oxidative Challenge and Inflammatory Responses Associated with Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Hepatic Injury by Modulating NF-κβ and Nrf2/GCL/HO-1 Signaling Pathways in Rats. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11081629. [PMID: 36009348 PMCID: PMC9404920 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a well-conserved cell wall component of Gram positive bacteria, exerts its toxic effects via inducing oxidative and pro-inflammatory responses. Red palm oil (RPO) is a unique natural product with a balanced ratio of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, with reported antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, we assess the protective effect and mechanistic action of RPO using a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced hepatic injury model. Male Wistar rats were assigned into four groups (10 animals/group): normal control (NC), RPO, LPS and RPO + LPS. Animals in the RPO and RPO + LPS groups were administered RPO (200 μL/day) for 28 days. On the 27th day of experiment, animals in LPS and RPO + LPS groups were injected with LPS (0.5 mg/kg body weight). Animals were sacrificed 24 h later, and blood and liver tissues harvested for biochemical and molecular analysis. RPO resolved hepatic histological dysfunction induced by LPS, and lowered alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and γ-glutamyl transferase activities in the serum. Hepatic malondialdehyde and conjugated dienes, as well as pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and TNFα were significantly diminished (p < 0.05) by RPO pre-treatment. Activity of hepatic antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, as well as glutathione redox status (GSH:GSSG), and markers of antioxidant capacity that decreased as a result of LPS injection were improved by RPO pre-treatment. Mechanistically, RPO up-regulated mRNA expression of redox sensitive transcription factor Nrf2 and its downstream targets GCL and HO-1, while also suppressing the expression of NFκβ and associated inflammatory protein, Iκβ kinase (IκKβ). In conclusion, this study highlights the ameliorating effects of RPO against LPS-induced hepatic injury and revealed the Nrf2/GCL/HO-1 and NFκβ signaling axis as potential contributing mechanisms.
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23
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Cai L, Arbab AS, Lee TJ, Sharma A, Thomas B, Igarashi K, Raju RP. BACH1-Hemoxygenase-1 axis regulates cellular energetics and survival following sepsis. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 188:134-145. [PMID: 35691510 PMCID: PMC10507736 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis is a complex disease due to dysregulated host response to infection. Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction leading to metabolic dysregulation are among the hallmarks of sepsis. The transcription factor NRF2 (Nuclear Factor E2-related factor2) is a master regulator of the oxidative stress response, and the NRF2 mediated antioxidant response is negatively regulated by BTB and CNC homology 1 (BACH1) protein. This study tested whether Bach1 deletion improves organ function and survival following polymicrobial sepsis induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). We observed enhanced post-CLP survival in Bach1-/- mice with a concomitantly increased liver HO-1 expression, reduced liver injury and oxidative stress, and attenuated systemic and tissue inflammation. After sepsis induction, the liver mitochondrial function was better preserved in Bach1-/- mice. Furthermore, BACH1 deficiency improved liver and lung blood flow in septic mice, as measured by SPECT/CT. RNA-seq analysis identified 44 genes significantly altered in Bach1-/- mice after sepsis, including HMOX1 and several genes in lipid metabolism. Inhibiting HO-1 activity by Zinc Protoporphyrin-9 worsened organ function in Bach1-/- mice following sepsis. We demonstrate that mitochondrial bioenergetics, organ function, and survival following experimental sepsis were improved in Bach1-/- mice through the HO-1-dependent mechanism and conclude that BACH1 is a therapeutic target in sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lun Cai
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Ali S Arbab
- Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Tae Jin Lee
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Ashok Sharma
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Bobby Thomas
- Department of Pediatrics, Darby Children's Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA; Department of Neuroscience and Drug Discovery, Darby Children's Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Kazuhiko Igarashi
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Raghavan Pillai Raju
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA.
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24
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Khodakarami A, Adibfar S, Karpisheh V, Abolhasani S, Jalali P, Mohammadi H, Gholizadeh Navashenaq J, Hojjat-Farsangi M, Jadidi-Niaragh F. The molecular biology and therapeutic potential of Nrf2 in leukemia. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:241. [PMID: 35906617 PMCID: PMC9336077 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02660-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) transcription factor has contradictory roles in cancer, which can act as a tumor suppressor or a proto-oncogene in different cell conditions (depending on the cell type and the conditions of the cell environment). Nrf2 pathway regulates several cellular processes, including signaling, energy metabolism, autophagy, inflammation, redox homeostasis, and antioxidant regulation. As a result, it plays a crucial role in cell survival. Conversely, Nrf2 protects cancerous cells from apoptosis and increases proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis. It promotes resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy in various solid tumors and hematological malignancies, so we want to elucidate the role of Nrf2 in cancer and the positive point of its targeting. Also, in the past few years, many studies have shown that Nrf2 protects cancer cells, especially leukemic cells, from the effects of chemotherapeutic drugs. The present paper summarizes these studies to scrutinize whether targeting Nrf2 combined with chemotherapy would be a therapeutic approach for leukemia treatment. Also, we discussed how Nrf2 and NF-κB work together to control the cellular redox pathway. The role of these two factors in inflammation (antagonistic) and leukemia (synergistic) is also summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atefeh Khodakarami
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sara Adibfar
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Vahid Karpisheh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Shiva Abolhasani
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Pooya Jalali
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamed Mohammadi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Hojjat-Farsangi
- Bioclinicum, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Farhad Jadidi-Niaragh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. .,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. .,Research Center for Integrative Medicine in Aging, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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25
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Pérez S, Rius-Pérez S. Macrophage Polarization and Reprogramming in Acute Inflammation: A Redox Perspective. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11071394. [PMID: 35883885 PMCID: PMC9311967 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11071394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophage polarization refers to the process by which macrophages can produce two distinct functional phenotypes: M1 or M2. The balance between both strongly affects the progression of inflammatory disorders. Here, we review how redox signals regulate macrophage polarization and reprogramming during acute inflammation. In M1, macrophages augment NADPH oxidase isoform 2 (NOX2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), synaptotagmin-binding cytoplasmic RNA interacting protein (SYNCRIP), and tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 increase oxygen and nitrogen reactive species, which triggers inflammatory response, phagocytosis, and cytotoxicity. In M2, macrophages down-regulate NOX2, iNOS, SYNCRIP, and/or up-regulate arginase and superoxide dismutase type 1, counteract oxidative and nitrosative stress, and favor anti-inflammatory and tissue repair responses. M1 and M2 macrophages exhibit different metabolic profiles, which are tightly regulated by redox mechanisms. Oxidative and nitrosative stress sustain the M1 phenotype by activating glycolysis and lipid biosynthesis, but by inhibiting tricarboxylic acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation. This metabolic profile is reversed in M2 macrophages because of changes in the redox state. Therefore, new therapies based on redox mechanisms have emerged to treat acute inflammation with positive results, which highlights the relevance of redox signaling as a master regulator of macrophage reprogramming.
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26
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Bai X, Zhu Y, Jie J, Li D, Song L, Luo J. Maackiain protects against sepsis via activating AMPK/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 108:108710. [PMID: 35405595 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis is a life-threatening medical condition caused by infection-triggered aberrant immune responses, leading to host tissue and organ injury. Despite advances in medical interventions, the mortality rate for septic shock remains high. Recent studies highlight the role of oxidative stress in the occurrence and development of sepsis, providing a potential therapeutic target for preventing sepsis-associated organ injury. In this study, we showed that Maackiain, a natural compound isolated from Sophora flavescens, exerted a protective role in a cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced murine model of sepsis. Maackiain treatment reduced organ injury, and mitigated systematic inflammation and oxidative stress in septic mice. Maackiain also reduced the levels of inflammatory cytokines and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in RAW264.7 macrophage cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). We further demonstrated that Maackiain initiated activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) pathway in RAW264.7 cells in an AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-dependent way. Moreover, inhibition of AMPK/Nrf2 axis abrogated the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects of Maackiain both in vitro and in vivo. Collectively, our study indicates that Maackiain treatment inhibits inflammatory response and oxidative stress via activation of AMPK/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, thus exerting a protective effect against sepsis, providing an alternative option for sepsis prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Bai
- Department of General Practice, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yingjie Zhu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Center for Pathogen Biology and Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Jing Jie
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Center for Pathogen Biology and Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Center for Pathogen Biology and Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Lei Song
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Center for Pathogen Biology and Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Jingjing Luo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Center for Pathogen Biology and Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
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27
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Domingo IK, Latif A, Bhavsar AP. Pro-Inflammatory Signalling PRRopels Cisplatin-Induced Toxicity. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:7227. [PMID: 35806229 PMCID: PMC9266867 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin is a platinum-based chemotherapeutic that has long since been effective against a variety of solid-cancers, substantially improving the five-year survival rates for cancer patients. Its use has also historically been limited by its adverse drug reactions, or cisplatin-induced toxicities (CITs). Of these reactions, cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity (CIN), cisplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN), and cisplatin-induced ototoxicity (CIO) are the three most common of several CITs recognised thus far. While the anti-cancer activity of cisplatin is well understood, the mechanisms driving its toxicities have only begun to be defined. Most of the literature pertains to damage caused by oxidative stress that occurs downstream of cisplatin treatment, but recent evidence suggests that the instigator of CIT development is inflammation. Cisplatin has been shown to induce pro-inflammatory signalling in CIN, CIPN, and CIO, all of which are associated with persisting markers of inflammation, particularly from the innate immune system. This review covered the hallmarks of inflammation common and distinct between different CITs, the role of innate immune components in development of CITs, as well as current treatments targeting pro-inflammatory signalling pathways to conserve the use of cisplatin in chemotherapy and improve long-term health outcomes of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Amit P. Bhavsar
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada; (I.K.D.); (A.L.)
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28
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Choublier N, Taghi M, Menet MC, Le Gall M, Bruce J, Chafey P, Guillonneau F, Moreau A, Denizot C, Parmentier Y, Nakib S, Borderie D, Bouzinba-Segard H, Couraud PO, Bourdoulous S, Declèves X. Exposure of human cerebral microvascular endothelial cells hCMEC/D3 to laminar shear stress induces vascular protective responses. Fluids Barriers CNS 2022; 19:41. [PMID: 35658915 PMCID: PMC9164338 DOI: 10.1186/s12987-022-00344-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cells (ECs) are constantly submitted in vivo to hemodynamical forces derived from the blood circulation, including shear stress (SS). ECs are able to detect SS and consequently adapt their phenotype, thus affecting many endothelial functions. If a plethora of shear stress-regulated molecular networks have been described in peripheral ECs, less is known about the molecular responses of microvascular brain ECs which constitute the blood-brain barrier (BBB). In this work, we investigated the response of human cerebral microvascular ECs to laminar physiological shear stress using the well characterized hCMEC/D3 cell line. Interestingly, we showed that hCMEC/D3 cells responded to shear stress by aligning perpendicularly to the flow direction, contrary to peripheral endothelial cells which aligned in the flow direction. Whole proteomic profiles were compared between hCMEC/D3 cells cultured either in static condition or under 5 or 10 dyn.cm-2 SS for 3 days. 3592 proteins were identified and expression levels were significantly affected for 3% of them upon both SS conditions. Pathway analyses were performed which revealed that most proteins overexpressed by SS refer to the antioxidant defense, probably mediated by activation of the NRF2 transcriptional factor. Regarding down-regulated proteins, most of them participate to the pro-inflammatory response, cell motility and proliferation. These findings confirm the induction of EC quiescence by laminar physiological SS and reveal a strong protective effect of SS on hCMEC/D3 cells, suggesting a similar effect on the BBB. Our results also showed that SS did not significantly increase expression levels nor did it affect the localization of junctional proteins and did not afect either the functional activity of several ABC transporters (P-glycoprotein and MRPs). This work provides new insights on the response of microvascular brain ECs to SS and on the importance of SS for optimizing in vitro BBB models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Choublier
- INSERM, Optimisation Thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie, Université Paris Cité, 75006, Paris, France.
| | - Meryam Taghi
- INSERM, Optimisation Thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie, Université Paris Cité, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Claude Menet
- Institut de Chimie Physique, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Morgane Le Gall
- 3P5 Proteom'IC Facility, Institut Cochin, INSERM, CNRS, Université de Paris, F-75014, Paris, France
| | - Johanna Bruce
- 3P5 Proteom'IC Facility, Institut Cochin, INSERM, CNRS, Université de Paris, F-75014, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Chafey
- 3P5 Proteom'IC Facility, Institut Cochin, INSERM, CNRS, Université de Paris, F-75014, Paris, France
| | - François Guillonneau
- 3P5 Proteom'IC Facility, Institut Cochin, INSERM, CNRS, Université de Paris, F-75014, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | - Samir Nakib
- Service de Biochimie, Hôpital Cochin, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Didier Borderie
- Service de Biochimie, Hôpital Cochin, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Haniaa Bouzinba-Segard
- CNRS, INSERM, Institut Cochin, Inserm, CNRS, Université Paris Cité, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Pierre-Olivier Couraud
- CNRS, INSERM, Institut Cochin, Inserm, CNRS, Université Paris Cité, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Sandrine Bourdoulous
- CNRS, INSERM, Institut Cochin, Inserm, CNRS, Université Paris Cité, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Xavier Declèves
- INSERM, Optimisation Thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie, Université Paris Cité, 75006, Paris, France.
- Biologie du Médicament Et Toxicologie, AP-HP, Hôpital Cochin, 75014, Paris, France.
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29
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Podocyte protection by Angptl3 knockout via inhibiting ROS/GRP78 pathway in LPS-induced acute kidney injury. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 105:108549. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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30
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Inhibition of the NADPH Oxidase Pathway Reduces Ferroptosis during Septic Renal Injury in Diabetic Mice. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:1193734. [PMID: 35265258 PMCID: PMC8898803 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1193734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background Obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) contribute to a higher mortality rate in patients with septic acute kidney injury (AKI) during sepsis. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) is the major injury factor for sepsis. This study was aimed at exploring the potential therapeutic drug for septic AKI targeting on ROS. Methods A murine septic AKI model was established in both wild-type and high-fat diet-fed (HFD) mice. NADPH oxidase inhibitor Vas2870 was used in vivo to explore the role of NADPH oxidase in ROS release in septic AKI in diabetic mice. Ferrostatin-1 was administered to investigate the role of ferroptosis in ROS accumulation during NADPH oxidase activating in septic AKI in diabetic mice. Results Compared to chow diet-fed mice, HFD diabetic mice which were subjected to LPS exhibited aggravated renal function (blood urea nitrogen, creatinine clearance, and serum cystatin C) and oxidative stress (malondialdehyde, 4-HNE, ROS, 8-OHdG, and NADPH oxidase), thus resulting in a higher mortality rate. Septic renal injury was significantly attenuated by the ferroptosis inhibitor Fer-1 in HFD-challenged mice. Furthermore, ferroptosis accumulation and related protein expression (ASCL4, FTH1, and GPX4) were altered by LPS stimulation in HFD-challenged mice and suppressed by NADPH oxidase inhibition via Vas2870 in vivo. In summary, NADPH inhibition restored septic renal function from injury by suppressing ferroptosis accumulation in HFD-challenged mice. Conclusion These results suggest that targeting NADPH-mediated ROS release and ferroptosis accumulation is a novel therapeutic strategy to protect the kidney from septic injury in patients with obesity and type 2 DM.
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Passos FRS, Araújo-Filho HG, Monteiro BS, Shanmugam S, Araújo AADS, Almeida JRGDS, Thangaraj P, Júnior LJQ, Quintans JDSS. Anti-inflammatory and modulatory effects of steroidal saponins and sapogenins on cytokines: A review of pre-clinical research. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 96:153842. [PMID: 34952766 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Saponins are glycosides which, after acid hydrolysis, liberate sugar(s) and an aglycone (sapogenin) which can be triterpenoid or steroidal in nature. Steroidal saponins and sapogenins have attracted significant attention as important natural anti-inflammatory compounds capable of acting on the activity of several inflammatory cytokines in various inflammatory models. PURPOSE The aim of this review is to collect preclinical in vivo studies on the anti-inflammatory activity of steroidal saponins through the modulation of inflammatory cytokines. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS This review was carried out through a specialized search in three databases, that were accessed between September and October, 2021, and the publication period of the articles was not limited. Information about the name of the steroidal saponins, the animals used, the dose and route of administration, the model of pain or inflammation used, the tissue and experimental method used in the measurement of the cytokines, and the results observed on the levels of cytokines was retrieved. RESULTS Forty-five (45) articles met the inclusion criteria, involving the saponins cantalasaponin-1, α-chaconine, dioscin, DT-13, lycoperoside H, protodioscin, α-solanine, timosaponin AIII and BII, trillin, and the sapogenins diosgenin, hecogenin, and ruscogenin. The surveys were carried out in seven different countries and only articles between 2007 and 2021 were found. The studies included in the review showed that the saponins and sapogenins were anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive and antioxidant and they modulate inflammatory cytokines mainly through the Nf-κB, TLR4 and MAPKs pathways. CONCLUSION Steroidal saponins and sapogenins are promising compounds in handling of pain and inflammation for the development of natural product-derived drugs. However, it is necessary to increase the methodological quality of preclinical studies, mainly blinding and sample size calculation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiolla Rocha Santos Passos
- Multiuser Health Center Facility (CMulti-Saúde), Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil; Health Sciences Graduate Program (PPGCS), Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil; Laboratory of Neurosciences and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF), Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, Marechal Rondon Avenue, S/N, Rosa Elza, São Cristóvão, Brazil
| | - Heitor Gomes Araújo-Filho
- Laboratory of Neurosciences and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF), Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, Marechal Rondon Avenue, S/N, Rosa Elza, São Cristóvão, Brazil
| | - Brenda Souza Monteiro
- Laboratory of Neurosciences and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF), Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, Marechal Rondon Avenue, S/N, Rosa Elza, São Cristóvão, Brazil
| | - Saravanan Shanmugam
- Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Lucindo José Quintans Júnior
- Multiuser Health Center Facility (CMulti-Saúde), Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil; Health Sciences Graduate Program (PPGCS), Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil; Laboratory of Neurosciences and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF), Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, Marechal Rondon Avenue, S/N, Rosa Elza, São Cristóvão, Brazil
| | - Jullyana de Souza Siqueira Quintans
- Multiuser Health Center Facility (CMulti-Saúde), Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil; Health Sciences Graduate Program (PPGCS), Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil; Laboratory of Neurosciences and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF), Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, Marechal Rondon Avenue, S/N, Rosa Elza, São Cristóvão, Brazil.
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Gandhirajan A, Roychowdhury S, Vachharajani V. Sirtuins and Sepsis: Cross Talk between Redox and Epigenetic Pathways. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 11:antiox11010003. [PMID: 35052507 PMCID: PMC8772830 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis and septic shock are the leading causes of death among hospitalized patients in the US. The immune response in sepsis transitions from a pro-inflammatory and pro-oxidant hyper-inflammation to an anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective hypo-inflammatory phase. While 1/3rd sepsis-related deaths occur during hyper-, a vast majority of sepsis-mortality occurs during the hypo-inflammation. Hyper-inflammation is cytotoxic for the immune cells and cannot be sustained. As a compensatory mechanism, the immune cells transition from cytotoxic hyper-inflammation to a cytoprotective hypo-inflammation with anti-inflammatory/immunosuppressive phase. However, the hypo-inflammation is associated with an inability to clear invading pathogens, leaving the host susceptible to secondary infections. Thus, the maladaptive immune response leads to a marked departure from homeostasis during sepsis-phases. The transition from hyper- to hypo-inflammation occurs via epigenetic programming. Sirtuins, a highly conserved family of histone deacetylators and guardians of homeostasis, are integral to the epigenetic programming in sepsis. Through their anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties, the sirtuins modulate the immune response in sepsis. We review the role of sirtuins in orchestrating the interplay between the oxidative stress and epigenetic programming during sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anugraha Gandhirajan
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (A.G.); (S.R.)
| | - Sanjoy Roychowdhury
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (A.G.); (S.R.)
| | - Vidula Vachharajani
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (A.G.); (S.R.)
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Respiratory Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
- Correspondence:
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Tuli HS, Sak K, Gupta DS, Kaur G, Aggarwal D, Chaturvedi Parashar N, Choudhary R, Yerer MB, Kaur J, Kumar M, Garg VK, Sethi G. Anti-Inflammatory and Anticancer Properties of Birch Bark-Derived Betulin: Recent Developments. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:plants10122663. [PMID: 34961132 PMCID: PMC8705846 DOI: 10.3390/plants10122663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Birch tree bark-derived betulin has attracted scientific interest already for several centuries, being one of the first natural products identified from plants. However, the cellular events regulated by betulin and precise molecular mechanisms under these processes have been begun to be understood only recently. Today, we know that betulin can exert important anticancer activities through modulation of diverse cellular pathways. In this review article, betulin-regulated molecular signaling is unraveled and presented with a special focus on its participation in anti-inflammatory processes, especially by modulating nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), prostaglandin/COX, and nuclear factor erythroid2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-mediated cascades. By regulating these diverse pathways, betulin can not only affect the development and progression of different cancers, but also enhance the antitumor action of traditional therapeutic modalities. It is expected that by overcoming the low bioavailability of betulin by encapsulating it into nanocarriers, this promising natural compound may provide novel possibilities for targeting inflammation-related cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hardeep Singh Tuli
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala 133207, Haryana, India; (D.A.); (N.C.P.); (R.C.)
- Correspondence: (H.S.T.); (G.S.)
| | | | - Dhruv Sanjay Gupta
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM’s NMIMS, Mumbai 40056, Maharashtra, India; (D.S.G.); (G.K.)
| | - Ginpreet Kaur
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM’s NMIMS, Mumbai 40056, Maharashtra, India; (D.S.G.); (G.K.)
| | - Diwakar Aggarwal
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala 133207, Haryana, India; (D.A.); (N.C.P.); (R.C.)
| | - Nidarshana Chaturvedi Parashar
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala 133207, Haryana, India; (D.A.); (N.C.P.); (R.C.)
| | - Renuka Choudhary
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala 133207, Haryana, India; (D.A.); (N.C.P.); (R.C.)
| | - Mukerrem Betul Yerer
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey;
| | - Jagjit Kaur
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Nanoscale Biophotonics (CNBP), Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia;
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Sadopur 134007, Haryana, India;
| | - Vivek Kumar Garg
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, University Institute of Applied Health Sciences, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali 140413, Punjab, India;
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore
- Correspondence: (H.S.T.); (G.S.)
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Hua Y, Wu J, Wu H, Su C, Li X, Ao Q, Zeng Q, Zhu X, Zhang X. Exposure to hydroxyapatite nanoparticles enhances Toll-like receptor 4 signal transduction and overcomes endotoxin tolerance in vitro and in vivo. Acta Biomater 2021; 135:650-662. [PMID: 34525415 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Emerging studies indicate hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (HANPs) exhibit modest immunogenicity to elicit innate immune response which might involve Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) activation. This study was proposed to elucidate how HANPs direct over TLR4 signal activity in macrophage in response to TLR4 ligand, lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The present study for the first time reveals that HANPs themselves can induce TLR4 endocytosis and activate pathways both of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3), which potentially trigger the production of inflammatory cytokine by macrophage. Further, HANPs dose-dependently reprogram over LPS driven TLR4 signaling transduction in macrophage, leading to synergistically augmented innate immune response. In particular, HANPs synergize with LPS to promote macrophage polarization toward M1 phenotype. Moreover, HANPs abrogate the endotoxin tolerance in macrophages by restoring the production of inflammatory cytokines from macrophage in response to secondary LPS stimulation, and enhance the responsiveness of the body to LPS re-challenge in the endotoxin tolerance mice model. Therefore, this study sheds a new light on the mechanism by which HANPs drive the innate immune response, and offers a powerful strategy to potentiate LPS mediated TLR4 signaling activation in macrophage. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: In recent years, increasing attention has been given to hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (HANPs) on how they interact with immune cells for achieving appropriate biological effect such as bone tissue repair, soft tissue filler, tumor treatment, vaccine delivery, et al. This study indicated HANPs can induce TLR4 signaling activation. In the further, HANPs dose-dependently synergize with LPS to program over LPS induced TLR4 signaling transduction in macrophage, to favor macrophage polarizing toward M1 phenotype, as well as to abrogate immune tolerance in macrophage in response to repeated LPS stimulation. This work opens a window for the intrinsic mechanism of HANPs to drive immune response and facilitate to direct the rational use or design of HANPs for their better biomedical application.
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Sada H, Egi H, Ide K, Sawada H, Sumi Y, Hattori M, Sentani K, Oue N, Yasui W, Ohdan H. Peritoneal lavage with hydrogen-rich saline can be an effective and practical procedure for acute peritonitis. Surg Today 2021; 51:1860-1871. [PMID: 33787966 DOI: 10.1007/s00595-021-02271-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Acute peritonitis has remained a fatal disease despite of recent advances in care and treatment, including antibiotic and anticoagulant treatments. The cause of death is mostly sepsis-induced multiple organ failure. Oxidative stress can play an important role in this situation, but antioxidant therapy to capture any excessive reactive oxygen species has not yet been fully established. METHODS Two experiments were performed. In the first experiment, we confirmed the effects of peritoneal lavage with hydrogen-rich saline (HRS) after a cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) operation in rats. In the second experiment, the changes in the hemodynamic state following this procedure were observed in a porcine model of abdominal sepsis to evaluate its safety and utility. RESULTS Peritoneal lavage with HRS significantly improved the survival after CLP in rats, and it ameliorated the levels of sepsis-induced organ failure. Moreover, it showed anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptosis as well as antioxidant effects. The second experiment demonstrated the potential safety and feasibility of this procedure in a large animal model. CONCLUSION This procedure can improve survival after sepsis through mitigating the sepsis-induced organ failure by inhibiting oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammatory pathways. Peritoneal lavage with HRS may therefore be an effective, safe, and practical therapy for patients with acute peritonitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruki Sada
- Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
- Department of Surgery, Kure Medical Center and Chugoku Cancer Center, National Hospital Organization, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Egi
- Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, 454 Shizukawa, Toon, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan.
| | - Kentaro Ide
- Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Sawada
- Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yusuke Sumi
- Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Minoru Hattori
- Center for Medical Education, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Sentani
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Naohide Oue
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Wataru Yasui
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hideki Ohdan
- Department of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
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Garcia C, Blesso CN. Antioxidant properties of anthocyanins and their mechanism of action in atherosclerosis. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 172:152-166. [PMID: 34087429 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis develops due to lipid accumulation in the arterial wall and sclerosis as result of increased hyperlipidemia, oxidative stress, lipid oxidation, and protein oxidation. However, improving antioxidant status through diet may prevent the progression of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. It is believed that polyphenol-rich plants contribute to the inverse relationship between fruit and vegetable intake and chronic disease. Anthocyanins are flavonoid polyphenols with antioxidant properties that have been associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular disease. The consumption of anthocyanins increases total antioxidant capacity, antioxidant defense enzymes, and HDL antioxidant properties by several measures in preclinical and clinical populations. Anthocyanins appear to impart antioxidant actions via direct antioxidant properties, as well as indirectly via inducing intracellular Nrf2 activation and antioxidant gene expression. These actions counter oxidative stress and inflammatory signaling in cells present in atherosclerotic plaques, including macrophages and endothelial cells. Overall, anthocyanins may protect against atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease through their effects on cellular antioxidant status, oxidative stress, and inflammation; however, their underlying mechanisms of action appear to be complex and require further elucidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea Garcia
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, United States
| | - Christopher N Blesso
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, United States.
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Emanuele S, Celesia A, D’Anneo A, Lauricella M, Carlisi D, De Blasio A, Giuliano M. The Good and Bad of Nrf2: An Update in Cancer and New Perspectives in COVID-19. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:7963. [PMID: 34360732 PMCID: PMC8348506 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22157963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a well-known transcription factor best recognised as one of the main regulators of the oxidative stress response. Beyond playing a crucial role in cell defence by transactivating cytoprotective genes encoding antioxidant and detoxifying enzymes, Nrf2 is also implicated in a wide network regulating anti-inflammatory response and metabolic reprogramming. Such a broad spectrum of actions renders the factor a key regulator of cell fate and a strategic player in the control of cell transformation and response to viral infections. The Nrf2 protective roles in normal cells account for its anti-tumour and anti-viral functions. However, Nrf2 overstimulation often occurs in tumour cells and a complex correlation of Nrf2 with cancer initiation and progression has been widely described. Therefore, if on one hand, Nrf2 has a dual role in cancer, on the other hand, the factor seems to display a univocal function in preventing inflammation and cytokine storm that occur under viral infections, specifically in coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19). In such a variegate context, the present review aims to dissect the roles of Nrf2 in both cancer and COVID-19, two widespread diseases that represent a cause of major concern today. In particular, the review describes the molecular aspects of Nrf2 signalling in both pathological situations and the most recent findings about the advantages of Nrf2 inhibition or activation as possible strategies for cancer and COVID-19 treatment respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Emanuele
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 129, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (A.C.); (M.L.); (D.C.)
| | - Adriana Celesia
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 129, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (A.C.); (M.L.); (D.C.)
| | - Antonella D’Anneo
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), Biochemistry Building, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 129, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (A.D.); (A.D.B.); (M.G.)
| | - Marianna Lauricella
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 129, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (A.C.); (M.L.); (D.C.)
| | - Daniela Carlisi
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics (BIND), University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 129, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (A.C.); (M.L.); (D.C.)
| | - Anna De Blasio
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), Biochemistry Building, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 129, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (A.D.); (A.D.B.); (M.G.)
| | - Michela Giuliano
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), Biochemistry Building, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 129, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (A.D.); (A.D.B.); (M.G.)
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Yuan Q, Basit A, Liang W, Qu R, Luan Y, Ren C, Li A, Xu X, Liu X, Yang C, Kuo A, Pierce R, Zhang L, Turk B, Hu X, Li F, Cui W, Li R, Huang D, Mo L, Sessa WC, Lee PJ, Kluger Y, Su B, Tang W, He J, Wu D. Pazopanib ameliorates acute lung injuries via inhibition of MAP3K2 and MAP3K3. Sci Transl Med 2021; 13:13/591/eabc2499. [PMID: 33910977 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abc2499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) causes high mortality and lacks any pharmacological intervention. Here, we found that pazopanib ameliorated ALI manifestations and reduced mortality in mouse ALI models and reduced edema in human lung transplantation recipients. Pazopanib inhibits mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 2 (MAP3K2)- and MAP3K3-mediated phosphorylation of NADPH oxidase 2 subunit p47phox at Ser208 to increase reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation in myeloid cells. Genetic inactivation of MAP3K2 and MAP3K3 in myeloid cells or hematopoietic mutation of p47phox Ser208 to alanine attenuated ALI manifestations and abrogates anti-ALI effects of pazopanib. This myeloid MAP3K2/MAP3K3-p47phox pathway acted via paracrine H2O2 to enhance pulmonary vasculature integrity and promote lung epithelial cell survival and proliferation, leading to increased pulmonary barrier function and resistance to ALI. Thus, pazopanib has the potential to be effective for treating ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianying Yuan
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Abdul Basit
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Wenhua Liang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery/Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease and National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Rihao Qu
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.,Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Yi Luan
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Chunguang Ren
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Ao Li
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Xin Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery/Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease and National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Xiaoqing Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery/Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease and National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Chun Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery/Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease and National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Andrew Kuo
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Richard Pierce
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Longbo Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Benjamin Turk
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Xin Hu
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Fangyong Li
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Weixue Cui
- Department of Thoracic Surgery/Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease and National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Run Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery/Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease and National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Danxia Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery/Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease and National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Lili Mo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery/Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease and National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - William C Sessa
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Patty J Lee
- Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Yuval Kluger
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Bing Su
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200025, China.
| | - Wenwen Tang
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA. .,Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Jianxing He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery/Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease and National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Dianqing Wu
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA. .,Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
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Yu C, Zhu X, Zheng C, Luo Y, Wang F, Gao Y, Wu H, Sun X, Kong X. Methyl Diet Enhanced Sepsis-Induced Mortality Through Altering Gut Microbiota. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:3107-3121. [PMID: 34276224 PMCID: PMC8277458 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s305202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Mortality of sepsis is caused by an inappropriately amplified systemic inflammatory response and bacteremia. Methyl diet has been shown to associate with greater inflammation response in different diseases. This study aimed to determine whether dietary supplementation with methyl donors affects the inflammation response and mortality in sepsis and to investigate the underlying mechanisms. Methods Four-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were fed with a high-methyl diet (HMD) or a regulator diet (RD) till the experiment time. Mice septic model was induced by Cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), lipopolysaccharide (LPS), or E.coli. Inflammatory cytokine was analyzed by ELISA and qRT-PCR. Immune cell infiltration was evaluated by H&E and IHC. The composition of gut microbiota was determined by 16S rRNA sequencing. The effect of gut microbiota on sepsis was further verified by fecal microbiome transplantation. Results Our results showed that the diet riches in methyl donors exacerbated mortality, organ injury, and circulating levels of inflammatory mediators in CLP-induced septic mice model, compared to the control diet group. However, no significant differences have been observed in the inflammatory responses in the LPS-induced septic model and macrophages activation between the two groups of mice. There was a higher bacterial burden in CLP-induced HMD mice suggested that methyl diet might modulate gut microbiota. Bacterial 16S rRNA sequencing results showed that the composition of gut microbiota was altered. The high methyl donor diet reduced the abundance of Akkermansia and Lachnospiraceae, which were associated with protective effects in sepsis, in the gut. Moreover, fecal microbiome transplantation experiment showed that the transfer of feces, which obtained from high methyl diet mice, aggravated the mortality and inflammation responses in recipient mice. Discussion Methyl diet enhanced CLP-induced septic mortality and inflammatory responses through altering the composition of gut microbiota. This result indicated that diet-based gut microbiota may be a new therapeutic strategy for sepsis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Yu
- Central Laboratory, Department of Liver Diseases, ShuGuang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojun Zhu
- Central Laboratory, Department of Liver Diseases, ShuGuang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Zheng
- Central Laboratory, Department of Liver Diseases, ShuGuang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yichun Luo
- Central Laboratory, Department of Liver Diseases, ShuGuang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Wang
- Central Laboratory, Department of Liver Diseases, ShuGuang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yueqiu Gao
- Central Laboratory, Department of Liver Diseases, ShuGuang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Hailong Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuehua Sun
- Central Laboratory, Department of Liver Diseases, ShuGuang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoni Kong
- Central Laboratory, Department of Liver Diseases, ShuGuang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Ghezzi P. Redox regulation of immunity and the role of small molecular weight thiols. Redox Biol 2021; 44:102001. [PMID: 33994345 PMCID: PMC8212150 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.102001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
It is thought that excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) can be a causal component in many diseases, some of which have an inflammatory component. This led to an oversimplification whereby ROS are seen as inflammatory and antioxidants anti-inflammatory. This paper aims at reviewing some of the literature on thiols in host defense. The review will first summarize the mechanisms by which we survive infections by pathogens. Then we will consider how the redox field evolved from the concept of oxidative stress to that of redox regulation and how it intersects the field of innate immunity. A third section will analyze how an oversimplified oxidative stress theory of disease led to a hypothesis on the role of ROS and glutathione (GSH) in immunity, respectively as pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators. Finally, we will discuss some recent research and how to think out of the box of that oversimplification and link the role of thiols in redox regulation to the mechanisms by which we survive an infection outlined in the first section.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Ghezzi
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton, Great Britain, BN1 9RY, UK.
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41
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Veres B, Eros K, Antus C, Kalman N, Fonai F, Jakus PB, Boros E, Hegedus Z, Nagy I, Tretter L, Gallyas F, Sumegi B. Cyclophilin D-dependent mitochondrial permeability transition amplifies inflammatory reprogramming in endotoxemia. FEBS Open Bio 2021; 11:684-704. [PMID: 33471430 PMCID: PMC7931201 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Microorganisms or LPS (lipopolysaccharide), an outer membrane component of Gram-negative bacteria, can induce a systemic inflammatory response that leads to sepsis, multiple organ dysfunction, and mortality. Here, we investigated the role of cyclophilin D (CypD)-dependent mitochondrial permeability transition (mPT) in the immunosuppressive phase of LPS-induced endotoxic shock. The liver plays an important role in immunity and organ dysfunction; therefore, we used liver RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data, Ingenuity® Pathway Analysis (IPA ® ) to investigate the complex role of mPT formation in inflammatory reprogramming and disease progression. LPS induced significant changes in the expression of 2844 genes, affecting 179 pathways related to mitochondrial dysfunction, defective oxidative phosphorylation, nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, nuclear factor, erythroid 2 like 2 (Nrf2), Toll-like receptors (TLRs), and tumor necrosis factor α receptor (TNFR)-mediated processes in wild-type mice. The disruption of CypD reduced LPS-induced alterations in gene expression and pathways involving TNFRs and TLRs, in addition to improving survival and attenuating oxidative liver damage and the related NO- and ROS-producing pathways. CypD deficiency diminished the suppressive effect of LPS on mitochondrial function, nuclear- and mitochondrial-encoded genes, and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) quantity, which could be critical in improving survival. Our data propose that CypD-dependent mPT is an amplifier in inflammatory reprogramming and promotes disease progression. The mortality in human sepsis and shock is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. Prevention of mPT by CypD disruption reduces inflammatory reprogramming, mitochondrial dysfunction, and lethality; therefore, CypD can be a novel drug target in endotoxic shock and related inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balazs Veres
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical ChemistryMedical SchoolUniversity of PecsHungary
| | - Krisztian Eros
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical ChemistryMedical SchoolUniversity of PecsHungary
- MTA‐PTE Nuclear‐Mitochondrial Interactions Research GroupPecsHungary
- Szentagothai Janos Research CenterUniversity of PecsHungary
| | - Csenge Antus
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical ChemistryMedical SchoolUniversity of PecsHungary
| | - Nikoletta Kalman
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical ChemistryMedical SchoolUniversity of PecsHungary
| | - Fruzsina Fonai
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical ChemistryMedical SchoolUniversity of PecsHungary
| | - Peter Balazs Jakus
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical ChemistryMedical SchoolUniversity of PecsHungary
| | - Eva Boros
- Institute of BiochemistryBiological Research CentreSzegedHungary
| | - Zoltan Hegedus
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical ChemistryMedical SchoolUniversity of PecsHungary
- Institute of BiophysicsBiological Research CentreSzegedHungary
| | - Istvan Nagy
- Institute of BiochemistryBiological Research CentreSzegedHungary
- SeqOmics Biotechnology LtdMorahalomHungary
| | - Laszlo Tretter
- Department of Medical BiochemistrySemmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
| | - Ferenc Gallyas
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical ChemistryMedical SchoolUniversity of PecsHungary
- MTA‐PTE Nuclear‐Mitochondrial Interactions Research GroupPecsHungary
- Szentagothai Janos Research CenterUniversity of PecsHungary
| | - Balazs Sumegi
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical ChemistryMedical SchoolUniversity of PecsHungary
- MTA‐PTE Nuclear‐Mitochondrial Interactions Research GroupPecsHungary
- Szentagothai Janos Research CenterUniversity of PecsHungary
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Targeting autophagy to modulate hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury: A comparative study between octreotide and melatonin as autophagy modulators through AMPK/PI3K/AKT/mTOR/ULK1 and Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathways in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 897:173920. [PMID: 33571535 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.173920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (HIR) injury is a common pathophysiological process in many clinical settings. This study was designed to compare the protective role of octreotide (somatostatin analogue, OCT) and melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine, MLT) through the modulation of autophagy against HIR injury in rats. Male albino rats were divided into sham, HIR, OCT at three doses (50, 75, and 100 μg/kg), MLT, MLT + OCT75, compound C (AMPK inhibitor, CC), and CC + OCT75 groups. Ischemia was induced for 30 min followed by 24 h reperfusion. Biochemical, histopathological, immunohistochemical, lipid peroxidation, ELISA, qPCR, and western blot techniques were performed in our study. Liver autophagy was restored by OCT at doses (50 or 75 μg/kg) as indicated by elevating the expressions of Beclin-1, ATG7, and LC3 accompanied by the reduction of p62 expression through induction of AMPK/S317-ULK1 and inhibition of PI3K/AKT/mTOR/S757-ULK1 signaling pathways. As well, OCT maintained the integrity of the Keap1-Nrf2 system for the normal hepatic functions via controlling the Keap1 turnover through autophagy in a p62-dependent manner, resulting in upholding a series of anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory cascades. These effects were abolished by compound C. On the other hand, MLT showed a decrease in the autophagy markers via inhibiting AMPK/pS317-ULK1 and activating PI3K/AKT/mTOR/pS757-ULK1 pathways. Autophagy inhibition with MLT markedly reversed the hepatoprotective effects of OCT75 after HIR injury. Finally, our results proved for the first time that OCT75 was more effective than MLT as it was sufficient to induce protective autophagy in our HIR model, which led to the induction of Nrf2-dependent AMPK/autophagy pathways.
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Thimmulappa RK, Mudnakudu-Nagaraju KK, Shivamallu C, Subramaniam K, Radhakrishnan A, Bhojraj S, Kuppusamy G. Antiviral and immunomodulatory activity of curcumin: A case for prophylactic therapy for COVID-19. Heliyon 2021; 7:e06350. [PMID: 33655086 PMCID: PMC7899028 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19), a devastating respiratory illness caused by SARS-associated coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), has already affected over 64 million people and caused 1.48 million deaths, just 12 months from the first diagnosis. COVID-19 patients develop serious complications, including severe pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and or multiorgan failure due to exaggerated host immune response following infection. Currently, drugs that were effective against SARS-CoV are being repurposed for SARS-CoV-2. During this public health emergency, food nutraceuticals could be promising prophylactic therapeutics for COVID-19. Curcumin, a bioactive compound in turmeric, exerts diverse pharmacological activities and is widely used in foods and traditional medicines. This review presents several lines of evidence, which suggest curcumin as a promising prophylactic, therapeutic candidate for COVID-19. First, curcumin exerts antiviral activity against many types of enveloped viruses, including SARS-CoV-2, by multiple mechanisms: direct interaction with viral membrane proteins; disruption of the viral envelope; inhibition of viral proteases; induce host antiviral responses. Second, curcumin protects from lethal pneumonia and ARDS via targeting NF-κB, inflammasome, IL-6 trans signal, and HMGB1 pathways. Third, curcumin is safe and well-tolerated in both healthy and diseased human subjects. In conclusion, accumulated evidence indicates that curcumin may be a potential prophylactic therapeutic for COVID-19 in the clinic and public health settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh K. Thimmulappa
- Department of Biochemistry, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, India
| | - Kiran Kumar Mudnakudu-Nagaraju
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, India
| | - Chandan Shivamallu
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, India
| | - K.J.Thirumalai Subramaniam
- Centre of Excellence in Nanoscience & Technology, Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Arun Radhakrishnan
- Centre of Excellence in Nanoscience & Technology, Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Gowthamarajan Kuppusamy
- Centre of Excellence in Nanoscience & Technology, Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, India
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Gunne S, Heinicke U, Parnham MJ, Laux V, Zacharowski K, von Knethen A. Nrf2-A Molecular Target for Sepsis Patients in Critical Care. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10121688. [PMID: 33348637 PMCID: PMC7766194 DOI: 10.3390/biom10121688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor NF-E2 p45-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is an established master regulator of the anti-oxidative and detoxifying cellular response. Thus, a role in inflammatory diseases associated with the generation of large amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) seems obvious. In line with this, data obtained in cell culture experiments and preclinical settings have shown that Nrf2 is important in regulating target genes that are necessary to ensure cellular redox balance. Additionally, Nrf2 is involved in the induction of phase II drug metabolizing enzymes, which are important both in degrading and converting drugs into active forms, and into putative carcinogens. Therefore, Nrf2 has also been implicated in tumorigenesis. This must be kept in mind when new therapy approaches are planned for the treatment of sepsis. Therefore, this review highlights the function of Nrf2 in sepsis with a special focus on the translation of rodent-based results into sepsis patients in the intensive care unit (ICU).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Gunne
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany; (S.G.); (M.J.P.); (V.L.)
| | - Ulrike Heinicke
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Therapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; (U.H.); (K.Z.)
| | - Michael J. Parnham
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany; (S.G.); (M.J.P.); (V.L.)
| | - Volker Laux
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany; (S.G.); (M.J.P.); (V.L.)
| | - Kai Zacharowski
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Therapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; (U.H.); (K.Z.)
| | - Andreas von Knethen
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany; (S.G.); (M.J.P.); (V.L.)
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Therapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; (U.H.); (K.Z.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-69-6301-87824
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Takeda H, Yamaguchi T, Yano H, Tanaka J. Microglial metabolic disturbances and neuroinflammation in cerebral infarction. J Pharmacol Sci 2020; 145:130-139. [PMID: 33357771 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2020.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury activates microglia, resident immune cells in the brain, and allows the infiltration of circulating immune cells into the ischemic lesions. Microglia play both exacerbating and protective roles in pathological processes and are thus often referred to as "double-edged swords." In ischemic brains, blood-borne macrophages play a role that is distinct from that of resident activated microglia. Recently, the metabolic alteration of immune cells in the pathogenesis of inflammatory disorders including cerebral infarction has become a critical target for investigation. We begin this review by describing the multifaceted functions of microglia in cerebral infarction. Next, we focus on the metabolic alterations that occur in microglia during pathological processes. We also discuss morphological changes that take place in the mitochondria, leading to functional disturbances, accompanied by alterations in microglial function. Moreover, we describe the involvement of the reactive oxygen species that are produced during aberrant metabolic activity. Finally, we discuss therapeutic strategies to ameliorate aggravative changes in metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruna Takeda
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Teruaki Yamaguchi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Hajime Yano
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Junya Tanaka
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime, Japan.
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Ahn YJ, Lim JW, Kim H. Docosahexaenoic Acid Induces Expression of NAD(P)H: Quinone Oxidoreductase and Heme Oxygenase-1 through Activation of Nrf2 in Cerulein-Stimulated Pancreatic Acinar Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9111084. [PMID: 33158207 PMCID: PMC7694300 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9111084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a major risk factor for acute pancreatitis. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) mediate expression of inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) which reflects the severity of acute pancreatitis. The nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway is activated to induce the expression of antioxidant enzymes such as NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) as a cytoprotective response to oxidative stress. In addition, binding of Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) to Nrf2 promotes degradation of Nrf2. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)—an omega-3 fatty acid—exerts anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Oxidized omega-3 fatty acids react with Keap1 to induce Nrf2-regulated gene expression. In this study, we investigated whether DHA reduces ROS levels and inhibits IL-6 expression via Nrf2 signaling in pancreatic acinar (AR42J) cells stimulated with cerulein, as an in vitro model of acute pancreatitis. The cells were pretreated with or without DHA for 1 h and treated with cerulein (10−8 M) for 1 (ROS levels, protein levels of NQO1, HO-1, pNrf2, Nrf2, and Keap1), 6 (IL-6 mRNA expression), and 24 h (IL-6 protein level in the medium). Our results showed that DHA upregulates the expression of NQO1 and HO-1 in cerulein-stimulated AR42J cells by promoting phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of Nrf2. DHA increased interaction between Keap1 and Nrf2 in AR42J cells, which may increase Nrf2 activity by inhibiting Keap1-mediated sequestration of Nrf2. In addition, DHA-induced expression of NQO1 and HO-1 is related to reduction of ROS and IL-6 levels in cerulein-stimulated AR42J cells. In conclusion, DHA inhibits ROS-mediated IL-6 expression by upregulating Nrf2-mediated expression of NQO1 and HO-1 in cerulein-stimulated pancreatic acinar cells. DHA may exert positive modulatory effects on acute pancreatitis by inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokine production by activating Nrf2 signaling in pancreatic acinar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hyeyoung Kim
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-2123-3125; Fax: +82-2-364-5781
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Chidambaram V, Gupte A, Wang JY, Golub JE, Karakousis PC. The Impact of Hypertension and Use of Calcium Channel Blockers on Tuberculosis Treatment Outcomes. Clin Infect Dis 2020; 73:e3409-e3418. [PMID: 32971534 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa1446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertension induces systemic inflammation, but its impact on the outcome of infectious diseases like tuberculosis (TB) is unknown. Calcium channel blockers (CCB) improve TB treatment outcomes in pre-clinical models, but their effect in patients with TB remain unclear. METHODS This retrospective cohort study, including all patients > 18 years receiving treatment for culture-confirmed, drug-sensitive TB from 2000 to 2016 at the National Taiwan University Hospital, assessed the association of hypertension and CCB use with all-cause and infection-related mortality during the first 9 months of TB treatment, as well as sputum-smear microscopy and sputum-culture positivity at 2 and 6 months. RESULTS 1052 of the 2894 patients (36.4%) had hypertension. Multivariable analysis revealed that hypertension was associated with increased mortality due to all causes (HR 1.57, 95% confidence interval[CI], 1.23-1.99) and infections (HR 1.87, 95%CI, 1.34-2.6), but there was no statistical difference in microbiological outcomes when stratified based on hypertensive group. Dihydropyridine-CCB (DHP-CCB) use was associated with reduced all-cause mortality (HR 0.67, 95%CI: 0.45-0.98) only by univariate Cox regression. There was no association between DHP-CCB use and infection-related mortality (HR 0.78, 95%CI: 0.46-1.34) or microbiological outcomes in univariate or multivariate regression analyses. CONCLUSIONS Patients with hypertension have increased all-cause mortality and infection-related mortality during the 9 months following TB treatment initiation. DHP-CCB use may lower all-cause mortality in TB patients with hypertension. The presence of hypertension or the use of CCB did not result in a significant change in microbiological outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vignesh Chidambaram
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Akshay Gupte
- Center for Tuberculosis Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Center for Clinical Global Health Education, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jann-Yuan Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei
| | - Jonathan E Golub
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland.,Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland.,Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Petros C Karakousis
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland.,Center for Tuberculosis Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy in CKD: Findings of the Kidney and Periodontal Disease (KAPD) Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial. Kidney Med 2020; 2:49-58. [PMID: 32734226 PMCID: PMC7380373 DOI: 10.1016/j.xkme.2019.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale & Objective Observational studies have suggested that periodontal disease may be a modifiable risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD). The Kidney and Periodontal Disease (KAPD) Study was designed to determine the feasibility of conducting a periodontal disease treatment trial among a high-risk (mostly poor and racial/ethnic minority) population and estimate the magnitude and variability of kidney and inflammatory biomarker levels in response to intensive periodontal treatment. Study Design Single-center, unmasked, intention-to-treat, randomized, controlled, pilot trial with 2:1 allocation to the treatment and comparison groups. Setting & Participants English- and Spanish-speaking individuals aged 20 to 75 years receiving primary care within the San Francisco Community Health Network with evidence of both moderate to severe periodontal disease and CKD. Intervention Immediate intensive nonsurgical periodontal treatment versus rescue treatment for progressive disease at baseline and 4, 8, and 12 months. Outcomes Feasibility and process outcomes. Levels of biomarkers of kidney function, kidney injury, and systemic inflammation obtained at baseline and 4 and 12 months. Results KAPD randomly assigned 51 participants to the immediate (34 participants) or rescue (17 participants) groups. 14% dropped out of the study (4 immediate, 3 rescue) and 80% completed all 4 visits of the 12-month protocol (28 immediate, 13 rescue). Fewer than half the teeth recommended for extraction were extracted and 40% of immediate group visits were outside the protocol window. Bleeding on probing and probing depth improved more in the immediate group than in the rescue group; there was no significant separation in periodontal status. Levels of markers of vascular endothelial and systemic injury declined in both groups. Limitations No true control group. Conclusions This 12-month, pilot, randomized, controlled trial successfully recruited and retained a high-risk population but was less successful observing treatment adherence, treatment effect, and variability of biomarker levels. Although KAPD did not meet all of its goals, important lessons learned can be applied to future studies. Funding National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease (Bethesda, MD; grant number 1K23DK093710-01A1) and Harold Amos Medical Faculty Development Program of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, Princeton, NJ. Funders had no role in study design; collection, analysis, or interpretation of data; writing the report; or the decision to submit the report for publication. Trial Registration NCT01802216.
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Ali M, Bonay M, Vanhee V, Vinit S, Deramaudt TB. Comparative effectiveness of 4 natural and chemical activators of Nrf2 on inflammation, oxidative stress, macrophage polarization, and bactericidal activity in an in vitro macrophage infection model. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0234484. [PMID: 32511271 PMCID: PMC7279588 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0234484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation plays a crucial role in the defense response of the innate immune system against pathogen infection. In this study, we selected 4 compounds for their potential or proven anti-inflammatory and/or anti-microbial properties to test on our in vitro model of bacteria-infected THP-1-derived macrophages. We first compared the capacity of sulforaphane (SFN), wogonin (WG), oltipraz (OTZ), and dimethyl fumarate (DMF) to induce the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a key regulator of the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory response pathways. Next, we performed a comparative evaluation of the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory efficacies of the 4 selected compounds. THP-1-derived macrophages and LPS-stimulated macrophages were treated with each compound and expression levels of genes coding for inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α were quantified by RT-qPCR. Moreover, expression levels of genes coding for M1 (IL-23, CCR7, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) and M2 (PPARγ, MRC1, CCL22, and IL-10) markers were determined in classically-activated M1 macrophages treated with each compound. Finally, the effects of each compound on the intracellular bacterial survival of gram-negative E. coli and gram-positive S. aureus in THP-1-derived macrophages and PBMC-derived macrophages were examined. Our data confirmed the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of SFN, WG, and DMF on LPS-stimulated THP-1-derived macrophages. In addition, SFN or WG treatment of classically-activated THP-1-derived macrophages reduced expression levels of M1 marker genes, while SFN or DMF treatment upregulated the M2 marker gene MRC1. This decrease in expression of M1 marker genes may be correlated with the decrease in intracellular S. aureus load in SFN- or DMF-treated macrophages. Interestingly, an increase in intracellular survival of E. coli in SFN-treated THP-1-derived macrophages that was not observed in PBMC-derived macrophages. Conversely, OTZ exhibited pro-oxidant and proinflammatory properties, and affected intracellular survival of E. coli in THP-1-derived macrophages. Altogether, we provide new potential therapeutic alternatives in treating inflammation and bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malika Ali
- UVSQ, INSERM END-ICAP, Université Paris-Saclay, Versailles, France
| | - Marcel Bonay
- UVSQ, INSERM END-ICAP, Université Paris-Saclay, Versailles, France
- Service de Physiologie-Explorations Fonctionnelles, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, APHP, Boulogne, France
| | - Valentin Vanhee
- UVSQ, INSERM END-ICAP, Université Paris-Saclay, Versailles, France
| | - Stéphane Vinit
- UVSQ, INSERM END-ICAP, Université Paris-Saclay, Versailles, France
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Ellagic acid protects mice against sleep deprivation-induced memory impairment and anxiety by inhibiting TLR4 and activating Nrf2. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:10457-10472. [PMID: 32433038 PMCID: PMC7346043 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Sleep disorder has become a prevalent issue in current society and is connected with the deterioration of neurobehaviors such as mood, cognition and memory. Ellagic acid (EA) is a phenolic phytoconstituent extracted from grains and fruits that has potent neuroprotective properties. This research aimed to study the alleviative effect and mechanism of EA on memory impairment and anxiety caused by sleep deprivation (SD). EA ameliorated behavioral abnormalities in SD mice, associated with increased dendritic spine density, and reduced shrinkage and loss of hippocampal neurons. EA reduced the inflammatory response and oxidative stress injury caused by SD, which may be related to activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway and mitigation of the TLR4-induced inflammatory response. In addition, EA significantly reduced the mortality and ROS levels in glutamate (Glu)-induced hippocampal neuron injury, and these effects of EA were enhanced in TLR4 siRNA-transfected neurons. However, knockdown of Nrf2 dramatically restrained the protective impact of EA on Glu-induced toxicity. Taken together, EA alleviated memory impairment and anxiety in sleep-deprived mice potentially by inhibiting TLR4 and activating Nrf2. Our findings suggested that EA may be a promising nutraceutical ingredient to prevent cognitive impairment and anxiety caused by sleep loss.
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