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Thirugnanam S, Wang C, Zheng C, Grasperge BF, Datta PK, Rappaport J, Qin X, Rout N. The Association between IL-1β and IL-18 Levels, Gut Barrier Disruption, and Monocyte Activation during Chronic Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and Long-Term Suppressive Antiretroviral Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8702. [PMID: 39201388 PMCID: PMC11354606 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25168702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
HIV-induced persistent immune activation is a key mediator of inflammatory comorbidities such as cardiovascular disease (CVD) and neurocognitive disorders. While a preponderance of data indicate that gut barrier disruption and microbial translocation are drivers of chronic immune activation, the molecular mechanisms of this persistent inflammatory state remain poorly understood. Here, utilizing the nonhuman primate model of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection with suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART), we investigated activation of inflammasome pathways and their association with intestinal epithelial barrier disruption (IEBD). Longitudinal blood samples obtained from rhesus macaques with chronic SIV infection and long-term suppressive ART were evaluated for IEBD biomarkers, inflammasome activation (IL-1β and IL-18), inflammatory cytokines, and triglyceride (TG) levels. Activated monocyte subpopulations and glycolytic potential were investigated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). During the chronic phase of treated SIV infection, elevated levels of plasma IL-1β and IL-18 were observed following the hallmark increase in IEBD biomarkers, intestinal fatty acid-binding protein (IFABP) and LPS-binding protein (LBP). Further, significant correlations of plasma IFABP levels with IL-1β and IL-18 were observed between 10 and 12 months of ART. Higher levels of sCD14, IL-6, and GM-CSF, among other inflammatory mediators, were also observed only during the long-term SIV + ART phase along with a trend of increase in the frequencies of activated CD14+CD16+ intermediate monocyte subpopulations. Lastly, we found elevated levels of blood TG and higher glycolytic capacity in PBMCs of chronic SIV-infected macaques with long-term ART. The increase in circulating IL-18 and IL-1β following IEBD and their significant positive correlation with IFABP suggest a connection between gut barrier disruption and inflammasome activation during chronic SIV infection, despite viral suppression with ART. Additionally, the increase in markers of monocyte activation, along with elevated TG and enhanced glycolytic pathway activity, indicates metabolic remodeling that could fuel metabolic syndrome. Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms by which gut dysfunction and inflammasome activation contribute to HIV-associated metabolic complications, enabling targeted interventions in people with HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siva Thirugnanam
- Division of Microbiology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA 70433, USA;
| | - Chenxiao Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (C.W.); (C.Z.); (P.K.D.); (J.R.); (X.Q.)
- Division of Pathology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA 70433, USA
| | - Chen Zheng
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (C.W.); (C.Z.); (P.K.D.); (J.R.); (X.Q.)
- Division of Pathology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA 70433, USA
| | - Brooke F. Grasperge
- Division of Veterinary Medicine, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA 70433, USA;
| | - Prasun K. Datta
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (C.W.); (C.Z.); (P.K.D.); (J.R.); (X.Q.)
- Division of Pathology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA 70433, USA
- Tulane Center for Aging, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Jay Rappaport
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (C.W.); (C.Z.); (P.K.D.); (J.R.); (X.Q.)
- Division of Pathology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA 70433, USA
| | - Xuebin Qin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (C.W.); (C.Z.); (P.K.D.); (J.R.); (X.Q.)
- Division of Pathology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA 70433, USA
| | - Namita Rout
- Division of Microbiology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA 70433, USA;
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (C.W.); (C.Z.); (P.K.D.); (J.R.); (X.Q.)
- Tulane Center for Aging, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
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2
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Thirugnanam S, Wang C, Zheng C, Grasperge BF, Datta PK, Rappaport J, Qin X, Rout N. High IL-1β and IL-18 Levels Associate with Gut Barrier Disruption and Monocyte Activation During Chronic SIV Infection with Long-Term Suppressive Antiretroviral Therapy. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.14.599106. [PMID: 38948748 PMCID: PMC11212932 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.14.599106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
HIV-induced persistent immune activation is a key mediator of inflammatory comorbidities such as cardiovascular disease (CVD) and neurocognitive disorders. While a preponderance of data indicate that gut barrier disruption and microbial translocation are drivers of chronic immune activation, the molecular mechanisms of this persistent inflammatory state remain poorly understood. Here, utilizing the nonhuman primate model of HIV infection with suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART), we investigated activation of inflammasome pathways and their association with intestinal epithelial barrier disruption and CVD pathogenesis. Longitudinal blood samples obtained from rhesus macaques with chronic SIV infection and long-term suppressive ART were evaluated for biomarkers of intestinal epithelial barrier disruption (IEBD), inflammasome activation (IL-1β and IL-18), inflammatory cytokines, and triglyceride (TG) levels. Activated monocyte subpopulations and glycolytic potential were investigated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Higher plasma levels of IL-1β and IL-18 were observed following the hallmark increase in IEBD biomarkers, intestinal fatty acid-binding protein (IFABP) and LPS-binding protein (LBP), during the chronic phase of treated SIV infection. Further, significant correlations of plasma IFABP levels with IL-1β and IL-18 were observed between 10-12 months of ART. Higher levels of sCD14, IL-6, and GM-CSF, among other inflammatory mediators, were also observed only during the long-term SIV+ART phase along with a trend of increase in frequencies of activated CD14 + CD16 + intermediate monocyte subpopulations. Lastly, we found elevated levels of blood TG and higher glycolytic capacity in PBMCs of chronic SIV-infected macaques with long-term ART. The increase in circulating IL-18 and IL-1β following IEBD and their significant positive correlation with IFABP suggest a connection between gut barrier disruption and inflammasome activation during chronic SIV infection, despite viral suppression with ART. Additionally, the increase in markers of monocyte activation, along with elevated TG and enhanced glycolytic pathway activity, indicates metabolic remodeling that could accelerate CVD pathogenesis. Further research is needed to understand mechanisms by which gut dysfunction and inflammasome activation contribute to HIV-associated CVD and metabolic complications, enabling targeted interventions in people with HIV.
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Chitta S, Nehete BP, Delise AB, Simmons JH, Nehete PN. Reactivity of HLADR antibody manifests expression of surface MHC II molecules on peripheral blood T lymphocytes in new world monkeys. Immun Inflamm Dis 2024; 12:e1318. [PMID: 38923761 PMCID: PMC11194976 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.1318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules expressed on B cells, monocytes and dendritic cells present processed peptides to CD4+ T cells as one of the mechanisms to combat infection and inflammation. AIM To study MHC II expression in a variety of nonhuman primate species, including New World (NWM) squirrel monkeys (Saimiri boliviensis boliviensis), owl monkeys (Aotus nancymae), common marmosets (Callithrix spp.), and Old World (OWM) rhesus (Macaca mulatta), baboons (Papio anubis). METHODS Two clones of cross-reactive mouse anti-human HLADR monoclonal antibodies (mAb) binding were analyzed by flow cytometry to evaluate MHC II expression on NHP immune cells, including T lymphocytes in whole blood (WB) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). RESULTS MHC class II antibody reactivity is seen with CD20+ B cells, CD14+ monocytes and CD3+ T lymphocytes. Specific reactivity with both clones was demonstrated in T lymphocytes: this reactivity was not inhibited by purified CD16 antibody but was completely inhibited when pre-blocked with purified unconjugated MHC II antibody. Freshly prepared PBMC also showed reactivity with T lymphocytes without any stimulation. Interestingly, peripheral blood from rhesus macaques and olive baboons (OWM) showed no such T lymphocyte associated MHCII antibody reactivity. DISCUSSION & CONCLUSION Our results from antibody (MHC II) reactivity clearly show the potential existence of constitutively expressed (with no stimulation) MHC II molecules on T lymphocytes in new world monkeys. These results suggest that additional study is warranted to evaluate the functional and evolutionary significance of these finding and to better understand MHC II expression on T lymphocytes in new world monkeys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sriram Chitta
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Keeling Center for Comparative Medicine and ResearchUT‐MD Anderson Cancer CenterBastropTexasUSA
| | - Bharti P. Nehete
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Keeling Center for Comparative Medicine and ResearchUT‐MD Anderson Cancer CenterBastropTexasUSA
| | - Ashley B. Delise
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Keeling Center for Comparative Medicine and ResearchUT‐MD Anderson Cancer CenterBastropTexasUSA
| | - Joe H. Simmons
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Keeling Center for Comparative Medicine and ResearchUT‐MD Anderson Cancer CenterBastropTexasUSA
| | - Pramod N. Nehete
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Keeling Center for Comparative Medicine and ResearchUT‐MD Anderson Cancer CenterBastropTexasUSA
- Department of Comparative MedicineThe University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical SciencesHoustonTexasUSA
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4
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Gingell L, Hrinczenko B. Characterizing the Immature Immunophenotype of Sickle Cell Disease Monocytes. Cureus 2024; 16:e60703. [PMID: 38899253 PMCID: PMC11186669 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.60703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is marked by episodic vaso-occlusive crisis (VOC). Recurrent VOC creates a pro-inflammatory state that induces phenotypic alterations in innate immune cells. Monocytes are of particular interest to VOC pathophysiology because they are especially malleable to inflammatory signaling. Indeed, inflammatory disease states such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), obesity and atherosclerosis are known to influence monocyte development and alter monocyte subpopulations. In this study, we describe SCD monocyte subsets by performing immunophenotypic flow cytometric, enzymatic, and morphologic analysis on peripheral blood. Herein, we add to the growing body of evidence suggesting aberrant monocyte populations underpin VOC pathophysiology. We found that SCD monocytes possess an immature phenotype as demonstrated by 1) decreased CD4 positivity (p < .01), 2) low α-naphthyl butyrate esterase (ANBE) expression, and 3) naïve morphologic features. We additionally found an increase in CD14+CD16-CD4- monocytes (p < .01), a subset associated with the impaired immune response of post-trauma patients. Interestingly, we also found a large proportion of CD14+CD4-HLA-DR- monocytes which, under normal circumstances, are exclusively found in neonates (p < .01). Finally, we report an increase in nonclassical monocytes (CD14dimCD16+), a subset recently shown to have a critical role in prevention and recovery from VOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke Gingell
- Medical School, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, USA
| | - Borys Hrinczenko
- Hematology/Oncology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, USA
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5
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Häupl T, Sörensen T, Smiljanovic B, Darcy M, Scheder-Bieschin J, Steckhan N, Hartmann AM, Koppold DA, Stuhlmüller B, Skriner K, Walewska BM, Hoppe B, Bonin M, Burmester GR, Schendel P, Feist E, Liere K, Meixner M, Kessler C, Grützkau A, Michalsen A. Intestinal Microbiota Reduction Followed by Fasting Discloses Microbial Triggering of Inflammation in Rheumatoid Arthritis. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4359. [PMID: 37445394 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12134359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) synovitis is dominated by monocytes/macrophages with inflammatory patterns resembling microbial stimulation. In search of triggers, we reduced the intestinal microbiome in 20 RA patients (open label study DRKS00014097) by bowel cleansing and 7-day fasting (≤250 kcal/day) and performed immune monitoring and microbiome sequencing. Patients with metabolic syndrome (n = 10) served as a non-inflammatory control group. Scores of disease activity (DAS28/SDAI) declined within a few days and were improved in 19 of 20 RA patients after breaking the fast (median ∆DAS28 = -1.23; ∆SDAI = -43%) or even achieved remission (DAS28 < 2.6/n = 6; SDAI < 3.3/n = 3). Cytometric profiling with 46 different surface markers revealed the most pronounced phenomenon in RA to be an initially increased monocyte turnover, which improved within a few days after microbiota reduction and fasting. Serum levels of IL-6 and zonulin, an indicator of mucosal barrier disruption, decreased significantly. Endogenous cortisol levels increased during fasting but were insufficient to explain the marked improvement. Sequencing of the intestinal microbiota indicated that fasting reduced potentially arthritogenic bacteria and changed the microbial composition to species with broader metabolic capabilities. More eukaryotic, predominantly fungal colonizers were observed in RA, suggesting possible involvement. This study demonstrates a direct link between the intestinal microbiota and RA-specific inflammation that could be etiologically relevant and would support targeted nutritional interventions against gut dysbiosis as a causal therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Häupl
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Rheumatology, Helios Fachklinik Vogelsang-Gommern GmbH, 39245 Gommern, Germany
| | - Till Sörensen
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Biljana Smiljanovic
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Marine Darcy
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Justus Scheder-Bieschin
- Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Nico Steckhan
- Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Anika M Hartmann
- Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniela A Koppold
- Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Internal and Integrative Medicine, Immanuel Hospital Berlin, 14109 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Oncology and Hematology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Bruno Stuhlmüller
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Karl Skriner
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Barbara M Walewska
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Berthold Hoppe
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Unfallkrankenhaus Berlin, 12683 Berlin, Germany
| | - Marc Bonin
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Gerd R Burmester
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Pascal Schendel
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Eugen Feist
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Rheumatology, Helios Fachklinik Vogelsang-Gommern GmbH, 39245 Gommern, Germany
| | - Karsten Liere
- Amedes Genetics, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Services in Molecular Biology GmbH, 10115 Rüdersdorf, Germany
| | - Martin Meixner
- Amedes Genetics, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Services in Molecular Biology GmbH, 10115 Rüdersdorf, Germany
| | - Christian Kessler
- Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Internal and Integrative Medicine, Immanuel Hospital Berlin, 14109 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Andreas Michalsen
- Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Internal and Integrative Medicine, Immanuel Hospital Berlin, 14109 Berlin, Germany
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Han S, Zhuang H, Arja RD, Reeves WH. A novel monocyte differentiation pattern in pristane-induced lupus with diffuse alveolar hemorrhage. eLife 2022; 11:e76205. [PMID: 36264674 PMCID: PMC9584606 DOI: 10.7554/elife.76205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Pristane causes chronic peritoneal inflammation resulting in lupus, which in C57BL/6 mice is complicated by lung microvascular injury and diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH). Mineral oil (MO) also causes inflammation, but not lupus or DAH. Since monocyte depletion prevents DAH, we examined the role of monocytes in the disease. Impaired bone marrow (BM) monocyte egress in Ccr2-/- mice abolished DAH, confirming the importance of monocyte recruitment to the lung. Circulating Ly6Chi monocytes from pristane-treated mice exhibited increased annexin-V staining in comparison with MO-treated controls without evidence of apoptosis, suggesting that pristane alters the distribution of phosphatidylserine in the plasma membrane before or shortly after monocyte egress from the BM. Plasma membrane asymmetry also was impaired in Nr4a1-regulated Ly6Clo/- 'patrolling' monocytes, which are derived from Ly6Chi precursors. Patrolling Ly6Clo/- monocytes normally promote endothelial repair, but their phenotype was altered in pristane-treated mice. In contrast to MO-treated controls, Nr4a1-regulated Ly6Clo/- monocytes from pristane-treated mice were CD138+, expressed more TremL4, a protein that amplifies TLR7 signaling, and exuberantly produced TNFα in response to TLR7 stimulation. TremL4 expression on these novel CD138+ monocytes was regulated by Nr4a1. Thus, monocyte CD138, high TremL4 expression, and annexin-V staining may define an activated/inflammatory subtype of patrolling monocytes associated with DAH susceptibility. By altering monocyte development, pristane exposure may generate activated Ly6Chi and Ly6Clo/- monocytes, contributing to lung microvascular endothelial injury and DAH susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhong Han
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, & Clinical Immunology, University of FloridaGainesvilleUnited States
| | - Haoyang Zhuang
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, & Clinical Immunology, University of FloridaGainesvilleUnited States
| | - Rawad Daniel Arja
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, & Clinical Immunology, University of FloridaGainesvilleUnited States
| | - Westley H Reeves
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, & Clinical Immunology, University of FloridaGainesvilleUnited States
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7
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van der Pan K, Kassem S, Khatri I, de Ru AH, Janssen GMC, Tjokrodirijo RTN, al Makindji F, Stavrakaki E, de Jager AL, Naber BAE, de Laat IF, Louis A, van den Bossche WBL, Vogelezang LB, Balvers RK, Lamfers MLM, van Veelen PA, Orfao A, van Dongen JJM, Teodosio C, Díez P. Quantitative proteomics of small numbers of closely-related cells: Selection of the optimal method for a clinical setting. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:997305. [PMID: 36237552 PMCID: PMC9553008 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.997305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics profiling has undoubtedly increased the knowledge about cellular processes and functions. However, its applicability for paucicellular sample analyses is currently limited. Although new approaches have been developed for single-cell studies, most of them have not (yet) been standardized and/or require highly specific (often home-built) devices, thereby limiting their broad implementation, particularly in non-specialized settings. To select an optimal MS-oriented proteomics approach applicable in translational research and clinical settings, we assessed 10 different sample preparation procedures in paucicellular samples of closely-related cell types. Particularly, five cell lysis protocols using different chemistries and mechanical forces were combined with two sample clean-up techniques (C18 filter- and SP3-based), followed by tandem mass tag (TMT)-based protein quantification. The evaluation was structured in three phases: first, cell lines from hematopoietic (THP-1) and non-hematopoietic (HT-29) origins were used to test the approaches showing the combination of a urea-based lysis buffer with the SP3 bead-based clean-up system as the best performer. Parameters such as reproducibility, accessibility, spatial distribution, ease of use, processing time and cost were considered. In the second phase, the performance of the method was tested on maturation-related cell populations: three different monocyte subsets from peripheral blood and, for the first time, macrophages/microglia (MAC) from glioblastoma samples, together with T cells from both tissues. The analysis of 50,000 cells down to only 2,500 cells revealed different protein expression profiles associated with the distinct cell populations. Accordingly, a closer relationship was observed between non-classical monocytes and MAC, with the latter showing the co-expression of M1 and M2 macrophage markers, although pro-tumoral and anti-inflammatory proteins were more represented. In the third phase, the results were validated by high-end spectral flow cytometry on paired monocyte/MAC samples to further determine the sensitivity of the MS approach selected. Finally, the feasibility of the method was proven in 194 additional samples corresponding to 38 different cell types, including cells from different tissue origins, cellular lineages, maturation stages and stimuli. In summary, we selected a reproducible, easy-to-implement sample preparation method for MS-based proteomic characterization of paucicellular samples, also applicable in the setting of functionally closely-related cell populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyra van der Pan
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Sara Kassem
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Indu Khatri
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, Netherlands
- Leiden Computational Biology Center, LUMC, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Arnoud H. de Ru
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, LUMC, Leiden, Netherlands
| | | | | | - Fadi al Makindji
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, Netherlands
| | | | - Anniek L. de Jager
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Brigitta A. E. Naber
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Inge F. de Laat
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Alesha Louis
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Alberto Orfao
- Translational and Clinical Research Program, Cancer Research Center (IBMCC; University of Salamanca-CSIC), Salamanca, Spain
- Cytometry Service, NUCLEUS, Department of Medicine, University of Salamanca and Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Jacques J. M. van Dongen
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, Netherlands
- Translational and Clinical Research Program, Cancer Research Center (IBMCC; University of Salamanca-CSIC), Salamanca, Spain
- Cytometry Service, NUCLEUS, Department of Medicine, University of Salamanca and Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
- *Correspondence: Jacques J. M. van Dongen
| | - Cristina Teodosio
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, Netherlands
- Translational and Clinical Research Program, Cancer Research Center (IBMCC; University of Salamanca-CSIC), Salamanca, Spain
- Cytometry Service, NUCLEUS, Department of Medicine, University of Salamanca and Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Paula Díez
- Department of Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, Netherlands
- Translational and Clinical Research Program, Cancer Research Center (IBMCC; University of Salamanca-CSIC), Salamanca, Spain
- Cytometry Service, NUCLEUS, Department of Medicine, University of Salamanca and Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
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8
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Van Tilbeurgh M, Maisonnasse P, Palgen JL, Tolazzi M, Aldon Y, Dereuddre-Bosquet N, Cavarelli M, Beignon AS, Marcos-Lopez E, Gallouet AS, Gilson E, Ozorowski G, Ward AB, Bontjer I, McKay PF, Shattock RJ, Scarlatti G, Sanders RW, Le Grand R. Innate cell markers that predict anti-HIV neutralizing antibody titers in vaccinated macaques. Cell Rep Med 2022; 3:100751. [PMID: 36167072 PMCID: PMC9588994 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Given the time and resources invested in clinical trials, innovative prediction methods are needed to decrease late-stage failure in vaccine development. We identify combinations of early innate responses that predict neutralizing antibody (nAb) responses induced in HIV-Env SOSIP immunized cynomolgus macaques using various routes of vaccine injection and adjuvants. We analyze blood myeloid cells before and 24 h after each immunization by mass cytometry using a three-step clustering, and we discriminate unique vaccine signatures based on HLA-DR, CD39, CD86, CD11b, CD45, CD64, CD14, CD32, CD11c, CD123, CD4, CD16, and CADM1 surface expression. Various combinations of these markers characterize cell families positively associated with nAb production, whereas CADM1-expressing cells are negatively associated (p < 0.05). Our results demonstrate that monitoring immune signatures during early vaccine development could assist in identifying biomarkers that predict vaccine immunogenicity. HIV-Env SOSIP trimers induce neutralizing antibodies in cynomolgus macaques Vaccine-induced innate cells changes are characterized using mass cytometry Adjuvant and route of immunization influence early innate signatures in vaccinated NHP Early innate cell signatures predict neutralizing antibody levels
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Van Tilbeurgh
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CEA, Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-immune, Hematological and Bacterial Diseases (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), 92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Pauline Maisonnasse
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CEA, Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-immune, Hematological and Bacterial Diseases (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), 92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Jean-Louis Palgen
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CEA, Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-immune, Hematological and Bacterial Diseases (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), 92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Monica Tolazzi
- Viral Evolution and Transmission Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Yoann Aldon
- Imperial College London, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Infectious Disease, London, UK
| | - Nathalie Dereuddre-Bosquet
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CEA, Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-immune, Hematological and Bacterial Diseases (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), 92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Mariangela Cavarelli
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CEA, Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-immune, Hematological and Bacterial Diseases (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), 92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Beignon
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CEA, Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-immune, Hematological and Bacterial Diseases (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), 92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Ernesto Marcos-Lopez
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CEA, Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-immune, Hematological and Bacterial Diseases (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), 92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Gallouet
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CEA, Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-immune, Hematological and Bacterial Diseases (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), 92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Emmanuel Gilson
- Life & Soft, 28 rue de la Redoute, 92260 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Gabriel Ozorowski
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Andrew B Ward
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Ilja Bontjer
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Paul F McKay
- Imperial College London, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Infectious Disease, London, UK
| | - Robin J Shattock
- Imperial College London, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Infectious Disease, London, UK
| | - Gabriella Scarlatti
- Viral Evolution and Transmission Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Rogier W Sanders
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Roger Le Grand
- Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CEA, Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-immune, Hematological and Bacterial Diseases (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), 92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.
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9
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Geng A, Flint E, Bernsmeier C. Plasticity of monocytes and macrophages in cirrhosis of the liver. FRONTIERS IN NETWORK PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 2:937739. [PMID: 36926073 PMCID: PMC10013015 DOI: 10.3389/fnetp.2022.937739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Cirrhosis of the liver is a systemic condition with raising prevalence worldwide. Patients with cirrhosis are highly susceptible to develop bacterial infections leading to acute decompensation and acute-on-chronic liver failure both associated with a high morbidity and mortality and sparse therapeutic options other than transplantation. Mononuclear phagocytes play a central role in innate immune responses and represent a first line of defence against pathogens. Their function includes phagocytosis, killing of bacteria, antigen presentation, cytokine production as well as recruitment and activation of immune effector cells. Liver injury and development of cirrhosis induces activation of liver resident Kupffer cells and recruitment of monocytes to the liver. Damage- and pathogen-associated molecular patterns promote systemic inflammation which involves multiple compartments besides the liver, such as the circulation, gut, peritoneal cavity and others. The function of circulating monocytes and tissue macrophages is severely impaired and worsens along with cirrhosis progression. The underlying mechanisms are complex and incompletely understood. Recent 'omics' technologies help to transform our understanding of cellular diversity and function in health and disease. In this review we point out the current state of knowledge on phenotypical and functional changes of monocytes and macrophages during cirrhosis evolution in different compartments and their role in disease progression. We also discuss the value of potential prognostic markers for cirrhosis-associated immuneparesis, and future immunotherapeutic strategies that may reduce the need for transplantation and death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Geng
- Translational Hepatology, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel and University Centre for Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Emilio Flint
- Translational Hepatology, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel and University Centre for Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christine Bernsmeier
- Translational Hepatology, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel and University Centre for Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, Basel, Switzerland
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10
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Uno A, Arima K, Shimazaki M, Ushida M, Amano K, Namikawa R, Sakurai K. A novel β-glucan-oligonucleotide complex selectively delivers siRNA to APCs via Dectin-1. J Control Release 2021; 338:792-803. [PMID: 34530053 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Delivering therapeutic nucleic acids to targeted cells and organs has been a challenge for decades. A novel technology to deliver oligonucleotide therapeutics to immune cells is here described. In this approach, a macromolecular complex of oligonucleotides and the β-1,3-glucan schizophyllan (SPG) is selectively delivered to cells expressing a lectin receptor, Dectin-1, via SPG-Dectin-1 interaction. Detailed investigation of Dectin-1-expressing cells revealed that Dectin-1 is expressed in all subsets of monocytes as well as dendritic cell (DC) populations, including conventional DCs (cDCs) and plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs), in humans. The expression patterns in mice and humans are comparable, except for the expression in pDCs. The results indicate that Dectin-1 is expressed on cells capable of professional antigen presentation, except for B cells. We chose CD40 as a target gene for small interfering RNA (siRNA) as CD40 expression in antigen-presenting cells (APCs), particularly in DCs, plays critical roles in regulating immune responses. Dose-dependent cellular uptake of siCD40-SPG complexes was confirmed in cells expressing Dectin-1. Gene silencing activity was confirmed in vitro by the reduction of CD40 mRNA and by the site-specific cleavage of CD40 mRNA as determined by the 5' RNA ligase-mediated rapid amplification of cDNA ends (5'RLM-RACE) technique. In vivo activity of siCD40-SPG complexes was demonstrated as the reduced CD40 protein expression in monocytes and DCs in mice. Furthermore, the in vivo activity of siCD40-SPG targeting human CD40 was confirmed in cynomolgus monkeys by the 5'RLM-RACE technique. In conclusion, we have demonstrated the receptor-ligand binding-mediated delivery of siRNA targeting immune-regulating monocytes and DCs via the interaction of SPG and its receptor, Dectin-1. As monocytes and DCs play central roles in inducing and controlling immune responses, Dectin-1-targeted delivery of nucleic acids should provide a useful tool for developing drugs to treat a wide range of diseases, including autoimmune diseases, allergy, and cancer, as well as transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Uno
- NapaJen Pharma Co., Ltd., URAC 1204, 2-24-16 Nakacho, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-0012, Japan; Department of Applied Chemistry and BioEngineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan.
| | - Kenji Arima
- NapaJen Pharma Co., Ltd., URAC 1204, 2-24-16 Nakacho, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-0012, Japan
| | - Masako Shimazaki
- NapaJen Pharma Co., Ltd., URAC 1204, 2-24-16 Nakacho, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-0012, Japan
| | - Maki Ushida
- NapaJen Pharma Co., Ltd., URAC 1204, 2-24-16 Nakacho, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-0012, Japan
| | - Kanako Amano
- NapaJen Pharma Co., Ltd., URAC 1204, 2-24-16 Nakacho, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-0012, Japan
| | - Reiko Namikawa
- NapaJen Pharma Co., Ltd., URAC 1204, 2-24-16 Nakacho, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-0012, Japan
| | - Kazuo Sakurai
- NapaJen Pharma Co., Ltd., URAC 1204, 2-24-16 Nakacho, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-0012, Japan
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11
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CyTOF Profiling of Zika and Dengue Virus-Infected Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Identifies Phenotypic Signatures of Monotype Subsets and Upregulation of the Interferon-Inducible Protein CD169. mSphere 2021; 6:e0050521. [PMID: 34160241 PMCID: PMC8265667 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00505-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Zika and dengue virus (ZIKV and DENV) are two flaviviruses responsible for important vector-borne emerging infectious diseases. While there have been multiple DENV epidemics in the last decades, there have been fewer documented epidemics caused by ZIKV until recent years. Thus, our current knowledge about the biology of ZIKV, the disease, and the immune responses in humans is limited. Here, we used mass cytometry (CyTOF) to perform a detailed characterization of the innate immune responses elicited by ZIKV and DENV in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy donors infected ex vivo. We found that ZIKV and DENV exposure of human PBMCs induces global phenotypic changes in myeloid cells, characterized mainly by upregulation of costimulatory molecules (CD86 and CD40), CD38, and the type I interferon-inducible protein CD169, a marker for phagocytic function and cross-priming potential in myeloid cells. We also found that ZIKV induces expansion of nonclassical monocytes in cell culture. The analysis of the phenotype of the three monocyte subtypes (classical, intermediate, and nonclassical) at the single-cell level identified differences in their expression of CD86, CD38, CXCL8, and CXCL10 during ZIKV and DENV infection. Overall, using CyTOF, we found that ex vivo infections of PBMCs with ZIKV and DENV reproduced many aspects of the profile found in blood from patients in previously described cohort studies, which highlights the suitability of this system for the study of the human host responses to these viruses. IMPORTANCE Zika and dengue viruses are emergent arboviruses of great public health impact. Both viruses are responsible for important diseases, yet there is currently no vaccine or specific treatment available. Immune cells play critical roles in the virus cycle as well as in the innate and adaptive immune response elicited in the host; therefore, it is critical to understand the changes induced by virus infection in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). In this study, we used a model of ex vivo infection of PBMCs and CyTOF technology to profile the early innate immune changes induced by Zika virus and dengue virus in blood.
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12
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Comparison of predictors for terminal disease progression in simian immunodeficiency virus/simian-HIV-infected rhesus macaques. AIDS 2021; 35:1021-1029. [PMID: 33710021 PMCID: PMC8102323 DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000002874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES CD4+ T-cell decline and increasing virus levels are considered hallmarks of HIV/AIDS pathogenesis but we previously demonstrated in rhesus macaques that tissue macrophage destruction by simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection associated with increased monocyte turnover also appear to impact pathogenesis. It remains unclear, however, which factors best predict onset of terminal disease progression and survival time. The objective of this study, therefore, was to directly compare these co-variates of infection for predicting survival times in retrospective studies of SIV/simian-HIV (SHIV)-infected adult rhesus macaques. METHODS Rhesus macaques were infected with various strains of SIV/SHIV and evaluated longitudinally for monocyte turnover, CD4+ T-cell loss, plasma viral load, and SIV/SHIV strain. Correlation analyses and machine learning algorithm modeling were applied to compare relative contributions of each of the co-variates to survival time. RESULTS All animals with AIDS-related clinical signs requiring euthanasia exhibited increased monocyte turnover regardless of CD4+ T-cell level, viral strain, or plasma viral load. Regression analyses and machine learning algorithms indicated a stronger correlation and contribution between increased monocyte turnover and reduced survival time than between CD4+ T-cell decline, plasma viral load, or virus strain and reduced survival time. Decision tree modeling categorized monocyte turnover of 13.2% as the initial significant threshold that best predicted decreased survival time. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate that monocytes/macrophages significantly affect HIV/SIV pathogenesis outcomes. Monocyte turnover analyses are not currently feasible in humans, so there is a need to identify surrogate biomarkers reflecting tissue macrophage damage that predict HIV infection disease progression.
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13
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Pollara J, Tay MZ, Edwards RW, Goodman D, Crowley AR, Edwards RJ, Easterhoff D, Conley HE, Hoxie T, Gurley T, Jones C, Machiele E, Tuyishime M, Donahue E, Jha S, Spreng RL, Hope TJ, Wiehe K, He MM, Moody MA, Saunders KO, Ackerman ME, Ferrari G, Tomaras GD. Functional Homology for Antibody-Dependent Phagocytosis Across Humans and Rhesus Macaques. Front Immunol 2021; 12:678511. [PMID: 34093580 PMCID: PMC8174565 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.678511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Analyses of human clinical HIV-1 vaccine trials and preclinical vaccine studies performed in rhesus macaque (RM) models have identified associations between non-neutralizing Fc Receptor (FcR)-dependent antibody effector functions and reduced risk of infection. Specifically, antibody-dependent phagocytosis (ADP) has emerged as a common correlate of reduced infection risk in multiple RM studies and the human HVTN505 trial. This recurrent finding suggests that antibody responses with the capability to mediate ADP are most likely a desirable component of vaccine responses aimed at protecting against HIV-1 acquisition. As use of RM models is essential for development of the next generation of candidate HIV-1 vaccines, there is a need to determine how effectively ADP activity observed in RMs translates to activity in humans. In this study we compared ADP activity of human and RM monocytes and polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) to bridge this gap in knowledge. We observed considerable variability in the magnitude of monocyte and PMN ADP activity across individual humans and RM that was not dependent on FcR alleles, and only modestly impacted by cell-surface levels of FcRs. Importantly, we found that for both human and RM phagocytes, ADP activity of antibodies targeting the CD4 binding site was greatest when mediated by human IgG3, followed by RM and human IgG1. These results demonstrate that there is functional homology between antibody and FcRs from these two species for ADP. We also used novel RM IgG1 monoclonal antibodies engineered with elongated hinge regions to show that hinge elongation augments RM ADP activity. The RM IgGs with engineered hinge regions can achieve ADP activity comparable to that observed with human IgG3. These novel modified antibodies will have utility in passive immunization studies aimed at defining the role of IgG3 and ADP in protection from virus challenge or control of disease in RM models. Our results contribute to a better translation of human and macaque antibody and FcR biology, and may help to improve testing accuracy and evaluations of future active and passive prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Pollara
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States.,Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Matthew Zirui Tay
- Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - R Whitney Edwards
- Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Derrick Goodman
- Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Andrew R Crowley
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, United States
| | - Robert J Edwards
- Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - David Easterhoff
- Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Haleigh E Conley
- Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Taylor Hoxie
- Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Thaddeus Gurley
- Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Caroline Jones
- Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Emily Machiele
- Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Marina Tuyishime
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Elizabeth Donahue
- Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Shalini Jha
- Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Rachel L Spreng
- Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Thomas J Hope
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Kevin Wiehe
- Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Max M He
- Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - M Anthony Moody
- Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Kevin O Saunders
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States.,Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | | | - Guido Ferrari
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States.,Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Georgia D Tomaras
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States.,Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
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14
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He Z, Fahlberg MD, Takahashi N, Slisarenko N, Rout N, Didier ES, Kuroda MJ. Declining neutrophil production despite increasing G-CSF levels is associated with chronic inflammation in elderly rhesus macaques. J Leukoc Biol 2021; 109:1033-1043. [PMID: 33974319 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.1hi1120-779r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is characterized by a loss of bone marrow hematopoietic tissue, systemic chronic inflammation, and higher susceptibility to infectious and noninfectious diseases. We previously reported the tightly regulated kinetics and massive daily production of neutrophils during homeostasis in adult rhesus macaques aged 3 to 19 yr (equivalent to approximately 10 to 70 yr of age in humans). In the current study, we observed an earlier release of recently dividing neutrophils from bone marrow and greater in-group variability of neutrophil kinetics based on in vivo BrdU labeling in a group of older rhesus macaques of 20-26 yr of age. Comparing neutrophil numbers and circulating cytokine levels in rhesus macaques spanning 2 to 26 yr of age, we found a negative correlation between age and blood neutrophil counts and a positive correlation between age and plasma G-CSF levels. Hierarchic clustering analysis also identified strong associations between G-CSF with the proinflammatory cytokines, IL-1β and MIP-1α. Furthermore, neutrophils from older macaques expressed less myeloperoxidase and comprised higher frequencies of polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells (PMN-MDSCs) compared to the young adult macaques. In summary, we observed an earlier release from bone marrow and a reduced production of neutrophils despite the increased levels of plasma G-CSF, especially in the elderly rhesus macaques. This lower neutrophil production capacity associated with increased production of proinflammatory cytokines as well as an earlier release of less mature neutrophils and PMN-MDSCs may contribute to the chronic inflammation and greater susceptibility to infectious and noninfectious diseases during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyuan He
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.,Division of Immunology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University, Covington, Louisiana, USA
| | - Marissa D Fahlberg
- Division of Immunology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University, Covington, Louisiana, USA
| | - Naofumi Takahashi
- Division of Immunology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University, Covington, Louisiana, USA.,Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infections, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Nadia Slisarenko
- Division of Microbiology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University, Covington, Louisiana, USA
| | - Namita Rout
- Division of Microbiology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University, Covington, Louisiana, USA
| | - Elizabeth S Didier
- Division of Microbiology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University, Covington, Louisiana, USA.,Center for Immunology and Infectious Diseases and the California National Primate Research Center, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Marcelo J Kuroda
- Division of Immunology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University, Covington, Louisiana, USA.,Center for Immunology and Infectious Diseases and the California National Primate Research Center, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
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15
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Patel AA, Ginhoux F, Yona S. Monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells and neutrophils: an update on lifespan kinetics in health and disease. Immunology 2021; 163:250-261. [PMID: 33555612 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Phagocytes form a family of immune cells that play a crucial role in tissue maintenance and help orchestrate the immune response. This family of cells can be separated by their nuclear morphology into mononuclear and polymorphonuclear phagocytes. The generation of these cells in the bone marrow, to the blood and finally into tissues is a tightly regulated process. Ensuring the adequate production of these cells and their timely removal is key for both the initiation and resolution of inflammation. Insight into the kinetic profiles of innate myeloid cells during steady state and pathology will permit the rational development of therapies to boost the production of these cells in times of need or reduce them when detrimental.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Florent Ginhoux
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore, Singapore.,Shanghai Institute of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Translational Immunology Institute, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Simon Yona
- Institute of Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
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16
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Participation of Monocyte Subpopulations in Progression of Experimental Endotoxemia (EE) and Systemic Inflammation. J Immunol Res 2021; 2021:1762584. [PMID: 33628841 PMCID: PMC7895567 DOI: 10.1155/2021/1762584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic inflammation plays a crucial role in formation of various pathological conditions, including sepsis, burns, and traumas. The main effector cells participating in progression of systemic inflammation response and sepsis are monocytes, which regulate both innate and acquired immunity via phagocytosis, synthesis of cytokines and chemokines, antigen presentation, and lymphocyte activation. Thus, the monocytes are considered as a link between innate and acquired immunity. The monocyte subpopulations taken into consideration in the study essentially determine the progression of systemic inflammation and could serve as targets for therapeutic intervention. The complexity of the analysis of pathophysiology of systemic inflammation lies in its high variability conditioned by individual peculiarities of the patients and inflammation progression specifications. To overcome these limitation, model of experimental endotoxemia (EE) is used. The results of EE, in turn, cannot be directly extrapolated on patients with the systemic inflammatory response. This review is dedicated to discussing the role of monocyte subpopulations in progression of systemic inflammation/sepsis and EE.
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17
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Vazquez-Madrigal C, Lopez S, Grao-Cruces E, Millan-Linares MC, Rodriguez-Martin NM, Martin ME, Alba G, Santa-Maria C, Bermudez B, Montserrat-de la Paz S. Dietary Fatty Acids in Postprandial Triglyceride-Rich Lipoproteins Modulate Human Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cell Maturation and Activation. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12103139. [PMID: 33066622 PMCID: PMC7656296 DOI: 10.3390/nu12103139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary fatty acids have been demonstrated to modulate systemic inflammation and induce the postprandial inflammatory response of circulating immune cells. We hypothesized that postprandial triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRLs) may have acute effects on immunometabolic homeostasis by modulating dendritic cells (DCs), sentinels of the immunity that link innate and adaptive immune systems. In healthy volunteers, saturated fatty acid (SFA)-enriched meal raised serum levels of granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor GM-CSF (SFAs > monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) = polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs)) in the postprandial period. Autologous TRL-SFAs upregulated the gene expression of DC maturation (CD123 and CCR7) and DC pro-inflammatory activation (CD80 and CD86) genes while downregulating tolerogenic genes (PD-L1 and PD-L2) in human monocyte-derived DCs (moDCs). These effects were reversed with oleic acid-enriched TRLs. Moreover, postprandial SFAs raised IL-12p70 levels, while TRL-MUFAs and TRL-PUFAs increased IL-10 levels in serum of healthy volunteers and in the medium of TRL-treated moDCs. In conclusion, postprandial TRLs are metabolic entities with DC-related tolerogenic activity, and this function is linked to the type of dietary fat in the meal. This study shows that the intake of meals enriched in MUFAs from olive oil, when compared with meals enriched in SFAs, prevents the postprandial production and priming of circulating pro-inflammatory DCs, and promotes tolerogenic response in healthy subjects. However, functional assays with moDCs generated in the presence of different fatty acids and T cells could increase the knowledge of postprandial TRLs’ effects on DC differentiation and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Vazquez-Madrigal
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Universidad de Sevilla, 41009 Seville, Spain; (C.V.-M.); (S.L.); (E.G.-C.); (G.A.)
| | - Soledad Lopez
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Universidad de Sevilla, 41009 Seville, Spain; (C.V.-M.); (S.L.); (E.G.-C.); (G.A.)
| | - Elena Grao-Cruces
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Universidad de Sevilla, 41009 Seville, Spain; (C.V.-M.); (S.L.); (E.G.-C.); (G.A.)
| | - Maria C. Millan-Linares
- Department of Food & Health, Instituto de la Grasa, CSIC, 41013 Seville, Spain; (M.C.M.-L.); (N.M.R.-M.)
| | - Noelia M. Rodriguez-Martin
- Department of Food & Health, Instituto de la Grasa, CSIC, 41013 Seville, Spain; (M.C.M.-L.); (N.M.R.-M.)
| | - Maria E. Martin
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Seville, Spain; (M.E.M.); (B.B.)
| | - Gonzalo Alba
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Universidad de Sevilla, 41009 Seville, Spain; (C.V.-M.); (S.L.); (E.G.-C.); (G.A.)
| | - Consuelo Santa-Maria
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Pharmacy, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Seville, Spain;
| | - Beatriz Bermudez
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Seville, Spain; (M.E.M.); (B.B.)
| | - Sergio Montserrat-de la Paz
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Universidad de Sevilla, 41009 Seville, Spain; (C.V.-M.); (S.L.); (E.G.-C.); (G.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-954-559-850
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18
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Brain Death Enhances Activation of the Innate Immune System and Leads to Reduced Renal Metabolic Gene Expression. Transplantation 2020; 103:1821-1833. [PMID: 30964836 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000002744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brain death (BD)-associated inflammation has been implicated in decreased kidney allograft function and survival, but the underlying mechanisms have not been well distinguished from the conditions of critical care itself. We have developed a clinically translatable model to separate and investigate strategies to improve donor management and critical care. METHODS Brain-dead (n = 12) and sham (n = 5) rhesus macaques were maintained for 20 hours under intensive care unit-level conditions. Samples were collected for immunophenotyping, analysis of plasma proteins, coagulation studies, and gene analysis for changes in immune and metabolic profile with comparison to naive samples (n = 10). RESULTS We observed an increase in circulating leukocytes and cytokines, activation of complement and coagulation pathways, and upregulation of genes associated with inflammation in both brain-dead and sham subjects relative to naïve controls. Sham demonstrated an intermediate phenotype of inflammation compared to BD. Analysis of gene expression in kidneys from BD kidneys revealed a similar upregulation of inflammatory profile in both BD and sham subjects, but BD presented a distinct reduction in metabolic and respiratory processes compared to sham and naïve kidneys. CONCLUSION BD is associated with activation of specific pathways of the innate immune system and changes to metabolic gene expression in renal tissue itself; however, sham donors presented an intermediate inflammatory response attributable to the critical care environment. The early onset and penetrating impact of this inflammatory response underscores the need for early intervention to prevent perioperative tissue injury to transplantable organs.
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19
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Dobbs KR, Crabtree JN, Dent AE. Innate immunity to malaria-The role of monocytes. Immunol Rev 2020; 293:8-24. [PMID: 31840836 PMCID: PMC6986449 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Monocytes are innate immune cells essential for host protection against malaria. Upon activation, monocytes function to help reduce parasite burden through phagocytosis, cytokine production, and antigen presentation. However, monocytes have also been implicated in the pathogenesis of severe disease through production of damaging inflammatory cytokines, resulting in systemic inflammation and vascular dysfunction. Understanding the molecular pathways influencing the balance between protection and pathology is critical. In this review, we discuss recent data regarding the role of monocytes in human malaria, including studies of innate sensing of the parasite, immunometabolism, and innate immune training. Knowledge gained from these studies may guide rational development of novel antimalarial therapies and inform vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine R. Dobbs
- Center for Global Health and Diseases, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, University Hospitals Rainbow Babies and Children’s Hospital, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Juliet N. Crabtree
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Arlene E. Dent
- Center for Global Health and Diseases, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, University Hospitals Rainbow Babies and Children’s Hospital, Cleveland, OH, USA
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20
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Galeas-Pena M, McLaughlin N, Pociask D. The role of the innate immune system on pulmonary infections. Biol Chem 2019; 400:443-456. [PMID: 29604208 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2018-0304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Inhalation is required for respiration and life in all vertebrates. This process is not without risk, as it potentially exposes the host to environmental pathogens with every breath. This makes the upper respiratory tract one of the most common routes of infection and one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the world. To combat this, the lung relies on the innate immune defenses. In contrast to the adaptive immune system, the innate immune system does not require sensitization, previous exposure or priming to attack foreign particles. In the lung, the innate immune response starts with the epithelial barrier and mucus production and is reinforced by phagocytic cells and T cells. These cells are vital for the production of cytokines, chemokines and anti-microbial peptides that are critical for clearance of infectious agents. In this review, we discuss all aspects of the innate immune response, with a special emphasis on ways to target aspects of the immune response to combat antibiotic resistant bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Galeas-Pena
- Department of Pulmonary Critical Care and Environmental Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, 333 S. Liberty St., New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Nathaniel McLaughlin
- Department of Pulmonary Critical Care and Environmental Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, 333 S. Liberty St., New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Derek Pociask
- Department of Pulmonary Critical Care and Environmental Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, 333 S. Liberty St., New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
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21
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Ikeda N, Asano K, Kikuchi K, Uchida Y, Ikegami H, Takagi R, Yotsumoto S, Shibuya T, Makino-Okamura C, Fukuyama H, Watanabe T, Ohmuraya M, Araki K, Nishitai G, Tanaka M. Emergence of immunoregulatory Ym1 +Ly6C hi monocytes during recovery phase of tissue injury. Sci Immunol 2019; 3:3/28/eaat0207. [PMID: 30291130 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.aat0207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Ly6Chi monocytes migrate to injured sites and induce inflammation in the acute phase of tissue injury. However, once the causes of tissue injury are eliminated, monocyte-derived macrophages contribute to the resolution of inflammation and tissue repair. It remains unclear whether the emergence of these immunoregulatory macrophages is attributed to the phenotypic conversion of inflammatory monocytes in situ or to the recruitment of bone marrow-derived regulatory cells de novo. Here, we identified a subpopulation of Ly6Chi monocytes that contribute to the resolution of inflammation and tissue repair. Ym1+Ly6Chi monocytes greatly expanded in bone marrow during the recovery phase of systemic inflammation or tissue injury. Ym1+Ly6Chi monocytes infiltrating into an injured site exhibited immunoregulatory and tissue-reparative phenotypes. Deletion of Ym1+Ly6Chi monocytes resulted in delayed recovery from colitis. These results demonstrate that a distinct monocyte subpopulation destined to act in immunoregulation is generated in bone marrow and participates in resolution of inflammation and tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Ikeda
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Kenichi Asano
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Kenta Kikuchi
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Yoshimi Uchida
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Hiroki Ikegami
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Ryo Takagi
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yotsumoto
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Takumi Shibuya
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Chieko Makino-Okamura
- Laboratory for Lymphocyte Differentiation, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Hidehiro Fukuyama
- Laboratory for Lymphocyte Differentiation, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Takashi Watanabe
- Laboratory for Integrative Genomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Masaki Ohmuraya
- Department of Genetics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo 663-8501, Japan
| | - Kimi Araki
- Institute of Resource Development and Analysis, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Kumamoto, 860-0811, Japan
| | - Gen Nishitai
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Masato Tanaka
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan.
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22
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Petkov DI, Liu DX, Allers C, Didier PJ, Didier ES, Kuroda MJ. Characterization of heart macrophages in rhesus macaques as a model to study cardiovascular disease in humans. J Leukoc Biol 2019; 106:1241-1255. [PMID: 31287581 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.1a0119-017r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhesus macaques are physiologically similar to humans and, thus, have served as useful animal models of human diseases including cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this study was to characterize the distribution, composition, and phenotype of macrophages in heart tissues of very young (fetus: 0.5 years, n = 6), young adult (2-12 years, n = 12), and older adult (13-24 years, n = 9) rhesus macaques using histopathology and immunofluorescence microscopy. Results demonstrated that macrophages were uniformly distributed throughout the heart in animals of all age groups and were more prevalent than CD3-positve T-cells and CD20-positive B-cells. Macrophages comprised approximately 2% of heart tissue cells in the younger animals and increased to a mean of nearly 4% in the older adults. CD163-positive macrophages predominated over HAM56-positive and CD206-positive macrophages, and were detected at significantly higher percentage in the animals between 13 and 24 years of age, as well as in heart tissues exhibiting severe histopathology or inflammation in animals of all age groups. In vivo dextran labeling and retention indicated that approximately half of the macrophages were longer lived in healthy adult heart tissues and may comprise the tissue-resident population of macrophages. These results provide a basis for continued studies to examine the specific functional roles of macrophage subpopulations in heart tissues during homeostasis and in cardiovascular disease for then developing intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel I Petkov
- Division of Immunology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, Louisiana, USA.,Charles River Laboratories Edinburgh, Ltd., Tranent, United Kingdom
| | - David X Liu
- Division of Comparative Pathology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, Louisiana, USA.,Integrated Research Facility, Division of Clinical Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Carolina Allers
- Division of Immunology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, Louisiana, USA
| | - Peter J Didier
- Division of Comparative Pathology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, Louisiana, USA
| | - Elizabeth S Didier
- Division of Microbiology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, Louisiana, USA
| | - Marcelo J Kuroda
- Division of Immunology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, Louisiana, USA
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23
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Borghans JAM, Tesselaar K, de Boer RJ. Current best estimates for the average lifespans of mouse and human leukocytes: reviewing two decades of deuterium-labeling experiments. Immunol Rev 2019; 285:233-248. [PMID: 30129193 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Deuterium is a non-toxic, stable isotope that can safely be administered to humans and mice to study their cellular turnover rates in vivo. It is incorporated into newly synthesized DNA strands during cell division, without interference with the kinetics of cells, and the accumulation and loss of deuterium in the DNA of sorted (sub-)populations of leukocytes can be used to estimate their cellular production rates and lifespans. In the past two decades, this powerful technology has been used to estimate the turnover rates of various types of leukocytes. Although it is the most reliable technique currently available to study leukocyte turnover, there are remarkable differences between the cellular turnover rates estimated by some of these studies. We have recently established that part of this variation is due to (a) difficulties in estimating deuterium availability in some deuterium-labeling studies, and (b) assumptions made by the mathematical models employed to fit the data. Being aware of these two problems, we here aim to approach a consensus on the life expectancies of different types of T cells, B cells, monocytes, and neutrophils in mice and men. We address remaining outstanding problems whenever appropriate and discuss for which immune subpopulations we currently have too little information to draw firm conclusions about their turnover.
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Affiliation(s)
- José A M Borghans
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Kiki Tesselaar
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Rob J de Boer
- Theoretical Biology & Bioinformatics, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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24
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Fulop T, Franceschi C, Hirokawa K, Pawelec G. Nonhuman Primate Models of Immunosenescence. HANDBOOK OF IMMUNOSENESCENCE 2019. [PMCID: PMC7121907 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-99375-1_80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Due to a dramatic increase in life expectancy, the number of individuals aged 65 and older is rapidly rising. This presents considerable challenges to our health care system since advanced age is associated with a higher susceptibility to infectious diseases due to immune senescence. However, the mechanisms underlying age-associated dysregulated immunity are still incompletely understood. Advancement in our comprehension of mechanisms of immune senescence and development of interventions to improve health span requires animal models that closely recapitulate the physiological changes that occur with aging in humans. Nonhuman primates (NHPs) are invaluable preclinical models to study the underlying causal mechanism of pathogenesis due to their outbred nature, high degree of genetic and physiological similarity to humans, and their susceptibility to human pathogens. In this chapter, we review NHP models available for biogerontology research, advantages and challenges they present, and advances they facilitated. Furthermore, we emphasize the utility of NHPs in characterizing immune senescence, evaluating interventions to reverse aging of the immune system, and development of vaccine strategies that are better suited for this vulnerable population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamas Fulop
- Division of Geriatrics Research Center on Aging, University of Sherbrooke Department of Medicine, Sherbrooke, QC Canada
| | - Claudio Franceschi
- Department of Experimental Pathology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Graham Pawelec
- Center for Medical Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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25
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Weisgrau KL, Vosler LJ, Pomplun NL, Hayes JM, Simmons HA, Friedrichs KR, Rakasz EG. Neutrophil progenitor populations of rhesus macaques. J Leukoc Biol 2018; 105:113-121. [PMID: 30395351 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.1ta1117-431rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Captive-bred rhesus macaques of Indian origin represent one of the most important large animal models for infectious disease, solid organ transplantation, and stem cell research. There is a dearth of information defining hematopoietic development, including neutrophil leukocyte differentiation in this species using multicolor flow cytometry. In the current study, we sought to identify cell surface markers that delineate neutrophil progenitor populations with characteristic immunophenotypes. We defined four different postmitotic populations based on their CD11b and CD87 expression pattern, and further refined their immunophenotypes using CD32, CD64, lactoferrin, and myeloperoxidase as antigenic markers. The four subsets contained myelocyte, metamyelocyte, band, and segmented neutrophil populations. We compared our flow cytometry-based classification with the classical nuclear morphology-based classification. We found overlap of immunological phenotype between populations of different nuclear morphology and identified phenotypically different subsets within populations of similar nuclear morphology. We assessed the responsiveness of these populations to stimulatory signals, such as LPS, fMLP, or PMA, and demonstrated significant differences between human and rhesus macaque neutrophil progenitors. In this study, we provided evidence for species-specific features of granulopoiesis that ultimately manifested in the divergent immunophenotypes of the fully differentiated segmented neutrophils of humans and rhesus macaques. Additionally, we found functional markers that can be used to accurately quantify neutrophil progenitors by flow cytometry. Although these markers do not coincide with the classical nuclear-morphology-based grading, they enable us to perform functional studies monitoring immunophenotypic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim L Weisgrau
- Immunology Services Unit, Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Logan J Vosler
- Immunology Services Unit, Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Nicholas L Pomplun
- Immunology Services Unit, Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Jennifer M Hayes
- Clinical Pathology Unit, Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Heather A Simmons
- Clinical Pathology Unit, Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Kristen R Friedrichs
- Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Eva G Rakasz
- Immunology Services Unit, Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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26
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van den Bossche WBL, Rykov K, Teodosio C, Ten Have BLEF, Knobben BAS, Sietsma MS, Josiassen K, de Bruin-Versteeg S, Orfao A, van Dongen JJM, van Raay JJAM. Flow cytometric assessment of leukocyte kinetics for the monitoring of tissue damage. Clin Immunol 2018; 197:224-230. [PMID: 30290225 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2018.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Leukocyte populations quickly respond to tissue damage, but most leukocyte kinetic studies are not based on multiparameter flow cytometry. We systematically investigated several blood leukocyte populations after controlled tissue damage. 48 patients were assigned to either an anterior or posterolateral total hip arthroplasty. Peripheral blood was collected pre-operatively and at 2 h, 24 h, 48 h, 2 and 6 weeks postoperatively and assessed by flow cytometry for absolute counts of multiple leukocyte populations using standardized EuroFlow protocols. Absolute counts of leukocyte subsets differed significantly between consecutive time points. Neutrophils increased instantly after surgery, while most leukocyte subsets initially decreased, followed by increasing cell counts until 48 h. At two weeks all leukocyte counts were restored to pre-operative counts. Immune cell kinetics upon acute tissue damage exhibit reproducible patterns, which differ between the leukocyte subsets and with "opposite kinetics" among monocyte subsets. Flow cytometric leukocyte monitoring can be used to minimally invasively monitor tissue damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wouter B L van den Bossche
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Postbus 2040, 3000, CA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor center, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Postbus 2040, 3000, CA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Kyrill Rykov
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Martini Hospital Groningen, Van Swietenplein 1, 9728, NT, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Cristina Teodosio
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Postbus 2040, 3000, CA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Postbus 9600, 2300, RC, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Bas L E F Ten Have
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Martini Hospital Groningen, Van Swietenplein 1, 9728, NT, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Bas A S Knobben
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Martini Hospital Groningen, Van Swietenplein 1, 9728, NT, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Maurits S Sietsma
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Martini Hospital Groningen, Van Swietenplein 1, 9728, NT, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Karin Josiassen
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Postbus 2040, 3000, CA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sandra de Bruin-Versteeg
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Postbus 2040, 3000, CA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Postbus 9600, 2300, RC, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Alberto Orfao
- Centro de Investigación del Cáncer (CIC, IBMCC USAL-CSIC), Servicio General de Citometría (NUCLEUS), ciberone and Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Universidad de Salamanca, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Jacques J M van Dongen
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Postbus 2040, 3000, CA, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Postbus 9600, 2300, RC, Leiden, the Netherlands.
| | - Jos J A M van Raay
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Martini Hospital Groningen, Van Swietenplein 1, 9728, NT, Groningen, the Netherlands
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27
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Guilliams M, Mildner A, Yona S. Developmental and Functional Heterogeneity of Monocytes. Immunity 2018; 49:595-613. [DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2018.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 395] [Impact Index Per Article: 65.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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28
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He Z, Allers C, Sugimoto C, Ahmed N, Fujioka H, Kim WK, Didier ES, Kuroda MJ. Rapid Turnover and High Production Rate of Myeloid Cells in Adult Rhesus Macaques with Compensations during Aging. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2018; 200:4059-4067. [PMID: 29728510 PMCID: PMC6263173 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1800207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Neutrophils, basophils, and monocytes are continuously produced in bone marrow via myelopoiesis, circulate in blood, and are eventually removed from circulation to maintain homeostasis. To quantitate the kinetics of myeloid cell movement during homeostasis, we applied 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine pulse labeling in healthy rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) followed by hematology and flow cytometry analyses. Results were applied to a mathematical model, and the blood circulating half-life and daily production, respectively, of each cell type from macaques aged 5-10 y old were calculated for neutrophils (1.63 ± 0.16 d, 1.42 × 109 cells/l/d), basophils (1.78 ± 0.30 d, 5.89 × 106 cells/l/d), and CD14+CD16- classical monocytes (1.01 ± 0.15 d, 3.09 × 108 cells/l/d). Classical monocytes were released into the blood circulation as early as 1 d after dividing, whereas neutrophils remained in bone marrow 4-5 d before being released. Among granulocytes, neutrophils and basophils exhibited distinct kinetics in bone marrow maturation time and blood circulation. With increasing chronological age, there was a significant decrease in daily production of neutrophils and basophils, but the half-life of these granulocytes remained unchanged between 3 and 19 y of age. In contrast, daily production of classical monocytes remained stable through 19 y of age but exhibited a significant decline in half-life. These results demonstrated relatively short half-lives and continuous replenishment of neutrophils, basophils, and classical monocytes during homeostasis in adult rhesus macaques with compensations observed during increasing chronological age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyuan He
- Division of Immunology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University Health Science Center, Covington, LA 70433
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112
| | - Carolina Allers
- Division of Immunology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University Health Science Center, Covington, LA 70433
| | - Chie Sugimoto
- Division of Immunology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University Health Science Center, Covington, LA 70433
| | - Nursarat Ahmed
- Division of Immunology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University Health Science Center, Covington, LA 70433
| | - Hideki Fujioka
- Center for Computational Science, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118
| | - Woong-Ki Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA 23507; and
| | - Elizabeth S Didier
- Division of Microbiology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University Health Science Center, Covington, LA 70433
| | - Marcelo J Kuroda
- Division of Immunology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University Health Science Center, Covington, LA 70433;
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112
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29
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Alaoui L, Palomino G, Zurawski S, Zurawski G, Coindre S, Dereuddre-Bosquet N, Lecuroux C, Goujard C, Vaslin B, Bourgeois C, Roques P, Le Grand R, Lambotte O, Favier B. Early SIV and HIV infection promotes the LILRB2/MHC-I inhibitory axis in cDCs. Cell Mol Life Sci 2018; 75:1871-1887. [PMID: 29134249 PMCID: PMC11105587 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-017-2712-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Revised: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Classical dendritic cells (cDCs) play a pivotal role in the early events that tip the immune response toward persistence or viral control. In vitro studies indicate that HIV infection induces the dysregulation of cDCs through binding of the LILRB2 inhibitory receptor to its MHC-I ligands and the strength of this interaction was proposed to drive disease progression. However, the dynamics of the LILRB2/MHC-I inhibitory axis in cDCs during early immune responses against HIV are yet unknown. Here, we show that early HIV-1 infection induces a strong and simultaneous increase of LILRB2 and MHC-I expression on the surface of blood cDCs. We further characterized the early dynamics of LILRB2 and MHC-I expression by showing that SIVmac251 infection of macaques promotes coordinated up-regulation of LILRB2 and MHC-I on cDCs and monocytes/macrophages, from blood and lymph nodes. Orientation towards the LILRB2/MHC-I inhibitory axis starts from the first days of infection and is transiently induced in the entire cDC population in acute phase. Analysis of the factors involved indicates that HIV-1 replication, TLR7/8 triggering, and treatment by IL-10 or type I IFNs increase LILRB2 expression. Finally, enhancement of the LILRB2/MHC-I inhibitory axis is specific to HIV-1 and SIVmac251 infections, as expression of LILRB2 on cDCs decreased in naturally controlled chikungunya virus infection of macaques. Altogether, our data reveal a unique up-regulation of LILRB2 and its MHC-I ligands on cDCs in the early phase of SIV/HIV infection, which may account for immune dysregulation at a critical stage of the anti-viral response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lamine Alaoui
- CEA-Université Paris Sud 11-INSERM U1184, Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases (IMVA), IDMIT Department, IBJF, DRF, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Gustavo Palomino
- CEA-Université Paris Sud 11-INSERM U1184, Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases (IMVA), IDMIT Department, IBJF, DRF, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Sandy Zurawski
- Baylor Institute for Immunology Research, Dallas, TX, USA
| | | | - Sixtine Coindre
- CEA-Université Paris Sud 11-INSERM U1184, Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases (IMVA), IDMIT Department, IBJF, DRF, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Nathalie Dereuddre-Bosquet
- CEA-Université Paris Sud 11-INSERM U1184, Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases (IMVA), IDMIT Department, IBJF, DRF, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Camille Lecuroux
- CEA-Université Paris Sud 11-INSERM U1184, Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases (IMVA), IDMIT Department, IBJF, DRF, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Cecile Goujard
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Service de Médecine Interne et Immunologie Clinique, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Paris Sud, Hôpital Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Bruno Vaslin
- CEA-Université Paris Sud 11-INSERM U1184, Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases (IMVA), IDMIT Department, IBJF, DRF, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Christine Bourgeois
- CEA-Université Paris Sud 11-INSERM U1184, Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases (IMVA), IDMIT Department, IBJF, DRF, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Pierre Roques
- CEA-Université Paris Sud 11-INSERM U1184, Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases (IMVA), IDMIT Department, IBJF, DRF, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Roger Le Grand
- CEA-Université Paris Sud 11-INSERM U1184, Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases (IMVA), IDMIT Department, IBJF, DRF, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Olivier Lambotte
- CEA-Université Paris Sud 11-INSERM U1184, Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases (IMVA), IDMIT Department, IBJF, DRF, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Service de Médecine Interne et Immunologie Clinique, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Paris Sud, Hôpital Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Benoit Favier
- CEA-Université Paris Sud 11-INSERM U1184, Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases (IMVA), IDMIT Department, IBJF, DRF, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.
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30
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Prime and Boost Vaccination Elicit a Distinct Innate Myeloid Cell Immune Response. Sci Rep 2018; 8:3087. [PMID: 29449630 PMCID: PMC5814452 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-21222-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the innate immune response to vaccination is critical in vaccine design. Here, we studied blood innate myeloid cells after first and second immunization of cynomolgus macaques with the modified vaccinia virus Ankara. The inflammation at the injection site was moderate and resolved faster after the boost. The blood concentration of inflammation markers increased after both injections but was lower after the boost. The numbers of neutrophils, monocytes, and dendritic cells were transiently affected by vaccination, but without any major difference between prime and boost. However, phenotyping deeper those cells with mass cytometry unveiled their high phenotypic diversity with subsets responding differently after each injection, some enriched only after the primary injection and others only after the boost. Actually, the composition in subphenotype already differed just before the boost as compared to just before the prime. Multivariate analysis identified the key features that contributed to these differences. Cell subpopulations best characterizing the post-boost response were more activated, with a stronger expression of markers involved in phagocytosis, antigen presentation, costimulation, chemotaxis, and inflammation. This study revisits innate immunity by demonstrating that, like adaptive immunity, innate myeloid responses differ after one or two immunizations.
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31
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Fisher BS, Green RR, Brown RR, Wood MP, Hensley-McBain T, Fisher C, Chang J, Miller AD, Bosche WJ, Lifson JD, Mavigner M, Miller CJ, Gale M, Silvestri G, Chahroudi A, Klatt NR, Sodora DL. Liver macrophage-associated inflammation correlates with SIV burden and is substantially reduced following cART. PLoS Pathog 2018; 14:e1006871. [PMID: 29466439 PMCID: PMC5837102 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver disease is a leading contributor to morbidity and mortality during HIV infection, despite the use of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). The precise mechanisms of liver disease during HIV infection are poorly understood partially due to the difficulty in obtaining human liver samples as well as the presence of confounding factors (e.g. hepatitis co-infection, alcohol use). Utilizing the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) macaque model, a controlled study was conducted to evaluate the factors associated with liver inflammation and the impact of cART. We observed an increase in hepatic macrophages during untreated SIV infection that was associated with a number of inflammatory and fibrosis mediators (TNFα, CCL3, TGFβ). Moreover, an upregulation in the macrophage chemoattractant factor CCL2 was detected in the livers of SIV-infected macaques that coincided with an increase in the number of activated CD16+ monocyte/macrophages and T cells expressing the cognate receptor CCR2. Expression of Mac387 on monocyte/macrophages further indicated that these cells recently migrated to the liver. The hepatic macrophage and T cell levels strongly correlated with liver SIV DNA levels, and were not associated with the levels of 16S bacterial DNA. Utilizing in situ hybridization, SIV-infected cells were found primarily within portal triads, and were identified as T cells. Microarray analysis identified a strong antiviral transcriptomic signature in the liver during SIV infection. In contrast, macaques treated with cART exhibited lower levels of liver macrophages and had a substantial, but not complete, reduction in their inflammatory profile. In addition, residual SIV DNA and bacteria 16S DNA were detected in the livers during cART, implicating the liver as a site on-going immune activation during antiretroviral therapy. These findings provide mechanistic insights regarding how SIV infection promotes liver inflammation through macrophage recruitment, with implications for in HIV-infected individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridget S. Fisher
- Center for Infectious Disease Research, formally Seattle Biomedical Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Richard R. Green
- Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Rachel R. Brown
- Center for Infectious Disease Research, formally Seattle Biomedical Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Matthew P. Wood
- Center for Infectious Disease Research, formally Seattle Biomedical Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Tiffany Hensley-McBain
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Washington National Primate Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Cole Fisher
- Center for Infectious Disease Research, formally Seattle Biomedical Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Jean Chang
- Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Andrew D. Miller
- Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Anatomic Pathology, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - William J. Bosche
- AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey D. Lifson
- AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Maud Mavigner
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Charlene J. Miller
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Washington National Primate Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Michael Gale
- Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Guido Silvestri
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- Emory Vaccine Research Center and, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Ann Chahroudi
- Emory Vaccine Research Center and, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Nichole R. Klatt
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Washington National Primate Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Donald L. Sodora
- Center for Infectious Disease Research, formally Seattle Biomedical Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
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32
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Merino KM, Allers C, Didier ES, Kuroda MJ. Role of Monocyte/Macrophages during HIV/SIV Infection in Adult and Pediatric Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1693. [PMID: 29259605 PMCID: PMC5723290 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Monocytes/macrophages are a diverse group of cells that act as first responders in innate immunity and then as mediators for adaptive immunity to help clear infections. In performing these functions, however, the macrophage inflammatory responses can also contribute to pathogenesis. Various monocyte and tissue macrophage subsets have been associated with inflammatory disorders and tissue pathogeneses such as occur during HIV infection. Non-human primate research of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) has been invaluable in better understanding the pathogenesis of HIV infection. The question of HIV/SIV-infected macrophages serving as a viral reservoir has become significant for achieving a cure. In the rhesus macaque model, SIV-infected macrophages have been shown to promote pathogenesis in several tissues resulting in cardiovascular, metabolic, and neurological diseases. Results from human studies illustrated that alveolar macrophages could be an important HIV reservoir and humanized myeloid-only mice supported productive HIV infection and viral persistence in macrophages during ART treatment. Depletion of CD4+ T cells is considered the primary cause for terminal progression, but it was reported that increasing monocyte turnover was a significantly better predictor in SIV-infected adult macaques. Notably, pediatric cases of HIV/SIV exhibit faster and more severe disease progression than adults, yet neonates have fewer target T cells and generally lack the hallmark CD4+ T cell depletion typical of adult infections. Current data show that the baseline blood monocyte turnover rate was significantly higher in neonatal macaques compared to adults and this remained high with disease progression. In this review, we discuss recent data exploring the contribution of monocytes and macrophages to HIV/SIV infection and progression. Furthermore, we highlight the need to further investigate their role in pediatric cases of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen M. Merino
- Division of Immunology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington LA, United States
| | - Carolina Allers
- Division of Immunology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington LA, United States
| | - Elizabeth S. Didier
- Division of Microbiology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington LA, United States
| | - Marcelo J. Kuroda
- Division of Immunology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington LA, United States
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33
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Smiljanovic B, Radzikowska A, Kuca-Warnawin E, Kurowska W, Grün JR, Stuhlmüller B, Bonin M, Schulte-Wrede U, Sörensen T, Kyogoku C, Bruns A, Hermann S, Ohrndorf S, Aupperle K, Backhaus M, Burmester GR, Radbruch A, Grützkau A, Maslinski W, Häupl T. Monocyte alterations in rheumatoid arthritis are dominated by preterm release from bone marrow and prominent triggering in the joint. Ann Rheum Dis 2017; 77:300-308. [PMID: 29191820 PMCID: PMC5867420 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2017-211649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Revised: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) accompanies infiltration and activation of monocytes in inflamed joints. We investigated dominant alterations of RA monocytes in bone marrow (BM), blood and inflamed joints. METHODS CD14+ cells from BM and peripheral blood (PB) of patients with RA and osteoarthritis (OA) were profiled with GeneChip microarrays. Detailed functional analysis was performed with reference transcriptomes of BM precursors, monocyte blood subsets, monocyte activation and mobilisation. Cytometric profiling determined monocyte subsets of CD14++CD16-, CD14++CD16+ and CD14+CD16+ cells in BM, PB and synovial fluid (SF) and ELISAs quantified the release of activation markers into SF and serum. RESULTS Investigation of genes differentially expressed between RA and OA monocytes with reference transcriptomes revealed gene patterns of early myeloid precursors in RA-BM and late myeloid precursors along with reduced terminal differentiation to CD14+CD16+monocytes in RA-PB. Patterns associated with tumor necrosis factor/lipopolysaccharide (TNF/LPS) stimulation were weak and more pronounced in RA-PB than RA-BM. Cytometric phenotyping of cells in BM, blood and SF disclosed differences related to monocyte subsets and confirmed the reduced frequency of terminally differentiated CD14+CD16+monocytes in RA-PB. Monocyte activation in SF was characterised by the predominance of CD14++CD16++CD163+HLA-DR+ cells and elevated concentrations of sCD14, sCD163 and S100P. CONCLUSION Patterns of less mature and less differentiated RA-BM and RA-PB monocytes suggest increased turnover with accelerated monocytopoiesis, BM egress and migration into inflamed joints. Predominant activation in the joint indicates the action of local and primary stimuli, which may also promote adaptive immune triggering through monocytes, potentially leading to new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biljana Smiljanovic
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anna Radzikowska
- Department of Pathophysiology and Immunology, National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Kuca-Warnawin
- Department of Pathophysiology and Immunology, National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Weronika Kurowska
- Department of Pathophysiology and Immunology, National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joachim R Grün
- Deutsches Rheuma Forschungszentrum Berlin (DRFZ), A Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bruno Stuhlmüller
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marc Bonin
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ursula Schulte-Wrede
- Deutsches Rheuma Forschungszentrum Berlin (DRFZ), A Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Till Sörensen
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Chieko Kyogoku
- Deutsches Rheuma Forschungszentrum Berlin (DRFZ), A Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anne Bruns
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sandra Hermann
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sarah Ohrndorf
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Karlfried Aupperle
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marina Backhaus
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gerd R Burmester
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Radbruch
- Deutsches Rheuma Forschungszentrum Berlin (DRFZ), A Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Grützkau
- Deutsches Rheuma Forschungszentrum Berlin (DRFZ), A Leibniz Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Wlodzimierz Maslinski
- Department of Pathophysiology and Immunology, National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Thomas Häupl
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
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34
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Lin A, Liang F, Thompson EA, Vono M, Ols S, Lindgren G, Hassett K, Salter H, Ciaramella G, Loré K. Rhesus Macaque Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells Demonstrate T Cell Inhibitory Functions and Are Transiently Increased after Vaccination. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 200:286-294. [PMID: 29180488 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1701005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are major regulators of T cell responses in several pathological conditions. Whether MDSCs increase and influence T cell responses in temporary inflammation, such as after vaccine administration, is unknown. Using the rhesus macaque model, which is critical for late-stage vaccine testing, we demonstrate that monocytic (M)-MDSCs and polymorphonuclear (PMN)-MDSCs can be detected using several of the markers used in humans. However, whereas rhesus M-MDSCs lacked expression of CD33, PMN-MDSCs were identified as CD33+ low-density neutrophils. Importantly, both M-MDSCs and PMN-MDSCs showed suppression of T cell proliferation in vitro. The frequency of circulating MDSCs rapidly and transiently increased 24 h after vaccine administration. M-MDSCs infiltrated the vaccine injection site, but not vaccine-draining lymph nodes. This was accompanied by upregulation of genes relevant to MDSCs such as arginase-1, IDO1, PDL1, and IL-10 at the injection site. MDSCs may therefore play a role in locally maintaining immune balance during vaccine-induced inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ang Lin
- Immunology and Allergy Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden.,Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Frank Liang
- Immunology and Allergy Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden.,Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elizabeth A Thompson
- Immunology and Allergy Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden.,Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maria Vono
- Immunology and Allergy Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden.,Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sebastian Ols
- Immunology and Allergy Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden.,Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gustaf Lindgren
- Immunology and Allergy Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden.,Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Hugh Salter
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Karin Loré
- Immunology and Allergy Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden; .,Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
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35
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Dobbs KR, Embury P, Vulule J, Odada PS, Rosa BA, Mitreva M, Kazura JW, Dent AE. Monocyte dysregulation and systemic inflammation during pediatric falciparum malaria. JCI Insight 2017; 2:95352. [PMID: 28931756 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.95352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation and monocytes are thought to be important to human malaria pathogenesis. However, the relationship of inflammation and various monocyte functions to acute malaria, recovery from acute malaria, and asymptomatic parasitemia in endemic populations is poorly understood. METHODS We evaluated plasma cytokine levels, monocyte subsets, monocyte functional responses, and monocyte inflammatory transcriptional profiles of 1- to 10-year-old Kenyan children at the time of presentation with acute uncomplicated malaria and at recovery 6 weeks later; these results were compared with analogous data from asymptomatic children and adults in the same community. RESULTS Acute malaria was marked by elevated levels of proinflammatory and regulatory cytokines and expansion of the inflammatory "intermediate" monocyte subset that returned to levels of healthy asymptomatic children 6 weeks later. Monocytes displayed activated phenotypes during acute malaria, with changes in surface expression of markers important to innate and adaptive immunity. Functionally, acute malaria monocytes and monocytes from asymptomatic infected children had impaired phagocytosis of P. falciparum-infected erythrocytes relative to asymptomatic children with no blood-stage infection. Monocytes from both acute malaria and recovery time points displayed strong and equivalent cytokine responsiveness to innate immune agonists that were independent of infection status. Monocyte transcriptional profiles revealed regulated and balanced proinflammatory and antiinflammatory and altered phagocytosis gene expression patterns distinct from malaria-naive monocytes. CONCLUSION These observations provide insights into monocyte functions and the innate immune response during uncomplicated malaria and suggest that asymptomatic parasitemia in children is not clinically benign. FUNDING Support for this work was provided by NIH/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R01AI095192-05), the Burroughs Wellcome Fund/American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, and the Rainbow Babies & Children's Foundation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine R Dobbs
- Center for Global Health and Diseases, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, University Hospitals Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Paula Embury
- Center for Global Health and Diseases, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - John Vulule
- Centre for Global Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya
| | - Peter S Odada
- Centre for Global Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya
| | - Bruce A Rosa
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Makedonka Mitreva
- McDonnell Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - James W Kazura
- Center for Global Health and Diseases, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Arlene E Dent
- Center for Global Health and Diseases, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, University Hospitals Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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36
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Sugimoto C, Merino KM, Hasegawa A, Wang X, Alvarez XA, Wakao H, Mori K, Kim WK, Veazey RS, Didier ES, Kuroda MJ. Critical Role for Monocytes/Macrophages in Rapid Progression to AIDS in Pediatric Simian Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Rhesus Macaques. J Virol 2017; 91:e00379-17. [PMID: 28566378 PMCID: PMC5553179 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00379-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Infant humans and rhesus macaques infected with the human or simian immunodeficiency virus (HIV or SIV), respectively, express higher viral loads and progress more rapidly to AIDS than infected adults. Activated memory CD4+ T cells in intestinal tissues are major primary target cells for SIV/HIV infection, and massive depletion of these cells is considered a major cause of immunodeficiency. Monocytes and macrophages are important cells of innate immunity and also are targets of HIV/SIV infection. We reported previously that a high peripheral blood monocyte turnover rate was predictive for the onset of disease progression to AIDS in SIV-infected adult macaques. The purpose of this study was to determine if earlier or higher infection of monocytes/macrophages contributes to the more rapid progression to AIDS in infants. We observed that uninfected infant rhesus macaques exhibited higher physiologic baseline monocyte turnover than adults. Early after SIV infection, the monocyte turnover further increased, and it remained high during progression to AIDS. A high percentage of terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase dUTP nick end label (TUNEL)-positive macrophages in the lymph nodes (LNs) and intestine corresponded with an increasing number of macrophages derived from circulating monocytes (bromodeoxyuridine positive [BrdU+] CD163+), suggesting that the increased blood monocyte turnover was required to rapidly replenish destroyed tissue macrophages. Immunofluorescence analysis further demonstrated that macrophages were a significant portion of the virus-producing cells found in LNs, intestinal tissues, and lungs. The higher baseline monocyte turnover in infant macaques and subsequent macrophage damage by SIV infection may help explain the basis of more rapid disease progression to AIDS in infants.IMPORTANCE HIV infection progresses much more rapidly in pediatric cases than in adults; however, the mechanism for this difference is unclear. Using the rhesus macaque model, this work was performed to address why infants infected with SIV progress more quickly to AIDS than do adults. Earlier we reported that in adult rhesus macaques, increasing monocyte turnover reflected tissue macrophage damage by SIV and was predictive of terminal disease progression to AIDS. Here we report that uninfected infant rhesus macaques exhibited a higher physiological baseline monocyte turnover rate than adults. Furthermore, once infected with SIV, infants displayed further increased monocyte turnover that may have facilitated the accelerated progression to AIDS. These results support a role for monocytes and macrophages in the pathogenesis of SIV/HIV and begin to explain why infants are more prone to rapid disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chie Sugimoto
- Division of Immunology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, Louisiana, USA
| | - Kristen M Merino
- Division of Immunology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, Louisiana, USA
| | - Atsuhiko Hasegawa
- Division of Immunology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, Louisiana, USA
| | - Xiaolei Wang
- Division of Comparative Pathology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, Louisiana, USA
| | - Xavier A Alvarez
- Division of Comparative Pathology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, Louisiana, USA
| | - Hiroshi Wakao
- Department of Hygiene and Cellular Preventive Medicine, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Kazuyasu Mori
- AIDS Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Woong-Ki Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
| | - Ronald S Veazey
- Division of Comparative Pathology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, Louisiana, USA
| | - Elizabeth S Didier
- Division of Microbiology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, Louisiana, USA
- Department of Tropical Medicine, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Marcelo J Kuroda
- Division of Immunology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, Louisiana, USA
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Abstract
Monocytes are short-lived mononuclear phagocytes that circulate in the bloodstream and comprise two main subpopulations that in the mouse are best defined by the Ly6C marker. Intravascular functions of "classical" Ly6C+ monocytes and their interactions with other lymphoid and myeloid leukocytes in the circulation remain poorly understood. Rather, these cells are known to efficiently extravasate into tissues. Indeed, Ly6C+ monocytes and their descendants have emerged as a third, highly plastic and dynamic cellular system that complements the two classical, tissue-resident mononuclear phagocyte compartments, i.e., macrophages and dendritic cells, on demand. Following recruitment to injured tissue, Ly6C+ monocytes respond to local cues and can critically contribute to the initiation and resolution of inflammatory reactions. The second main murine monocyte subset, Ly6C- cells, derive in steady state from Ly6C+ monocytes and remain in the vasculature, where the cells act as scavengers. Moreover, a major fraction of Ly6C- monocytes adheres to the capillary endothelium and patrols the vessel wall for surveillance. Given the central role of monocytes in homeostasis and pathology, in-depth study of this cellular compartment can be highly informative on the health state of the organism and provides an attractive target for therapeutic intervention.
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Swan ZD, Bouwer AL, Wonderlich ER, Barratt-Boyes SM. Persistent accumulation of gut macrophages with impaired phagocytic function correlates with SIV disease progression in macaques. Eur J Immunol 2017; 47:1925-1935. [PMID: 28667761 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201646904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The contribution of macrophages in the gastrointestinal tract to disease control or progression in HIV infection remains unclear. To address this question, we analyzed CD163+ macrophages in ileum and mesenteric lymph nodes (LN) from SIV-infected rhesus macaques with dichotomous expression of controlling MHC class I alleles predicted to be SIV controllers or progressors. Infection induced accumulation of macrophages into gut mucosa in the acute phase that persisted in progressors but was resolved in controllers. In contrast, macrophage recruitment to mesenteric LNs occurred only transiently in acute infection irrespective of disease outcome. Persistent gut macrophage accumulation was associated with CD163 expression on α4β7+ CD16+ blood monocytes and correlated with epithelial damage. Macrophages isolated from intestine of progressors had reduced phagocytic function relative to controllers and uninfected macaques, and the proportion of phagocytic macrophages negatively correlated with mucosal epithelial breach, lamina propria Escherichia coli density, and plasma virus burden. Macrophages in intestine produced low levels of cytokines regardless of disease course, while mesenteric LN macrophages from progressors became increasingly responsive as infection advanced. These data indicate that noninflammatory CD163+ macrophages accumulate in gut mucosa in progressive SIV infection in response to intestinal damage but fail to adequately phagocytose debris, potentially perpetuating their recruitment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary D Swan
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Anthea L Bouwer
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Elizabeth R Wonderlich
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Simon M Barratt-Boyes
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Tak T, van Groenendael R, Pickkers P, Koenderman L. Monocyte Subsets Are Differentially Lost from the Circulation during Acute Inflammation Induced by Human Experimental Endotoxemia. J Innate Immun 2017. [PMID: 28641299 DOI: 10.1159/000475665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Three human monocyte subsets are recognized with different functions in the immune system: CD14++/CD16- classical monocytes (CM), CD14++/CD16+ intermediate monocytes (IM) and CD14+/CD16++ non-classical monocytes (NCM). Increased IM and NCM percentages have been reported under inflammatory conditions, yet little is known about monocyte subsets at the onset of inflammation. The human endotoxemia model is uniquely capable of studying the first phases of acute inflammation induced by intravenous injection of 2 ng/kg bodyweight lipopolysaccharide (LPS) into healthy volunteers. After that, monocyte subset counts, activation/differentiation status and chemokine levels were studied over 24 h. The numbers of all subsets were decreased by >95% after LPS injection. CM numbers recovered first (3- 6 h), followed by IM (6-8 h) and NCM numbers (8-24 h). Similarly, increased monocyte counts were observed first in CM (8 h), followed by IM and NCM (24 h). Monocytes did not display a clear activated phenotype (minor increase in CD11b and CD38 expression). Plasma levels of CCL2, CCL4 and CX3CL1 closely resembled the cell numbers of CM, IM and NCM, respectively. Our study provides critical insights into the earliest stages of acute inflammation and emphasizes the necessity to stain for different monocyte subsets when studying the role of monocytes in disease, as neither function nor kinetics of the subsets overlap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamar Tak
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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41
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Enhancement of Th1/Th17 inflammation by TRIM21 in Behçet's disease. Sci Rep 2017; 7:3018. [PMID: 28592884 PMCID: PMC5462739 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03251-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The etiology of Behçet's disease (BD), a chronic, multisystemic autoinflammatory and autoimmune disease, remains unknown; however, researchers have postulated that infectious agents, such as herpes simplex virus, are significant triggering factors of BD. Tripartite motif-containing (TRIM) proteins exhibit antiviral properties, mediating antiviral defense mechanisms. The purpose of this study was to investigate TRIM21 protein expression in the monocytes of BD patients and to identify the role of TRIM21 in immune dysregulation in BD. In this study, the expression of TRIM21 and related molecules, including interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8), was analyzed in monocytes from BD patients. Functional analyses using small interfering RNA and co-culture with responder T cells were performed to examine the pathological role of TRIM21 in BD. Peripheral blood monocytes from BD patients showed increased TRIM21 expression and decreased IRF8 expression compared with that in monocytes from healthy controls. TRIM21 was found to decrease IRF8 expression. BD monocytes facilitated Th1 and Th17 differentiation of co-cultured T cells, and knock-down of TRIM21 expression by small interfering RNA inhibited this differentiation. In conclusion, TRIM21 played a pivotal role in regulating the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines in monocytes of BD patients.
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Mildner A, Schönheit J, Giladi A, David E, Lara-Astiaso D, Lorenzo-Vivas E, Paul F, Chappell-Maor L, Priller J, Leutz A, Amit I, Jung S. Genomic Characterization of Murine Monocytes Reveals C/EBPβ Transcription Factor Dependence of Ly6C − Cells. Immunity 2017; 46:849-862.e7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2017.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Revised: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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43
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Elhmouzi-Younes J, Palgen JL, Tchitchek N, Delandre S, Namet I, Bodinham CL, Pizzoferro K, Lewis DJ, Le Grand R, Cosma A, Beignon AS. In depth comparative phenotyping of blood innate myeloid leukocytes from healthy humans and macaques using mass cytometry. Cytometry A 2017; 91:969-982. [DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.23107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Revised: 02/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jamila Elhmouzi-Younes
- Immunology of viral infections and autoimmune diseases; CEA - Université Paris Sud 11 - INSERM U1184, 92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses; France
| | - Jean-Louis Palgen
- Immunology of viral infections and autoimmune diseases; CEA - Université Paris Sud 11 - INSERM U1184, 92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses; France
| | - Nicolas Tchitchek
- Immunology of viral infections and autoimmune diseases; CEA - Université Paris Sud 11 - INSERM U1184, 92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses; France
| | - Simon Delandre
- Immunology of viral infections and autoimmune diseases; CEA - Université Paris Sud 11 - INSERM U1184, 92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses; France
| | - Inana Namet
- Immunology of viral infections and autoimmune diseases; CEA - Université Paris Sud 11 - INSERM U1184, 92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses; France
| | | | | | - David J.M. Lewis
- Surrey Clinical Research Centre; University of Surrey; Guildford GU2 7XP UK
| | - Roger Le Grand
- Immunology of viral infections and autoimmune diseases; CEA - Université Paris Sud 11 - INSERM U1184, 92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses; France
| | - Antonio Cosma
- Immunology of viral infections and autoimmune diseases; CEA - Université Paris Sud 11 - INSERM U1184, 92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses; France
| | - Anne-Sophie Beignon
- Immunology of viral infections and autoimmune diseases; CEA - Université Paris Sud 11 - INSERM U1184, 92265 Fontenay-aux-Roses; France
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