1
|
Yi Y, Qin G, Yang H, Jia H, Zeng Q, Zheng D, Ye S, Zhang Z, Liu TM, Luo KQ, Deng CX, Xu RH. Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Increase the Natural Killer Resistance of Circulating Tumor Cells via Intercellular Signaling of cGAS-STING-IFNβ-HLA. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2400888. [PMID: 38638003 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202400888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) shed from primary tumors must overcome the cytotoxicity of immune cells, particularly natural killer (NK) cells, to cause metastasis. The tumor microenvironment (TME) protects tumor cells from the cytotoxicity of immune cells, which is partially executed by cancer-associated mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). However, the mechanisms by which MSCs influence the NK resistance of CTCs remain poorly understood. This study demonstrates that MSCs enhance the NK resistance of cancer cells in a gap junction-dependent manner, thereby promoting the survival and metastatic seeding of CTCs in immunocompromised mice. Tumor cells crosstalk with MSCs through an intercellular cGAS-cGAMP-STING signaling loop, leading to increased production of interferon-β (IFNβ) by MSCs. IFNβ reversely enhances the type I IFN (IFN-I) signaling in tumor cells and hence the expression of human leukocyte antigen class I (HLA-I) on the cell surface, protecting the tumor cells from NK cytotoxicity. Disruption of this loop reverses NK sensitivity in tumor cells and decreases tumor metastasis. Moreover, there are positive correlations between IFN-I signaling, HLA-I expression, and NK tolerance in human tumor samples. Thus, the NK-resistant signaling loop between tumor cells and MSCs may serve as a novel therapeutic target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ye Yi
- Center of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Cancer Center, and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, 999078, China
| | - Guihui Qin
- Center of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Cancer Center, and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, 999078, China
| | - Hongmei Yang
- Center of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Cancer Center, and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, 999078, China
| | - Hao Jia
- Center of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Cancer Center, and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, 999078, China
| | - Qibing Zeng
- Center of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Cancer Center, and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, 999078, China
| | - Dejin Zheng
- Center of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Cancer Center, and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, 999078, China
| | - Sen Ye
- Center of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Cancer Center, and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, 999078, China
| | - Zhiming Zhang
- Center of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Cancer Center, and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, 999078, China
| | - Tzu-Ming Liu
- Center of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Cancer Center, and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, 999078, China
- Ministry of Education Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, 999078, China
| | - Kathy Qian Luo
- Center of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Cancer Center, and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, 999078, China
- Ministry of Education Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, 999078, China
| | - Chu-Xia Deng
- Center of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Cancer Center, and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, 999078, China
- Ministry of Education Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, 999078, China
| | - Ren-He Xu
- Center of Reproduction, Development and Aging, Cancer Center, and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, 999078, China
- Ministry of Education Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, 999078, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mahdifar M, Boostani R, Taylor GP, Rezaee SA, Rafatpanah H. Comprehensive Insight into the Functional Roles of NK and NKT Cells in HTLV-1-Associated Diseases and Asymptomatic Carriers. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-03999-8. [PMID: 38436833 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-03999-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Human T cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is the first human oncogenic retrovirus to be discovered and causes two major diseases: a progressive neuro-inflammatory disease, termed HTLV-1 associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP), and an aggressive malignancy of T lymphocytes known as adult T cell leukemia (ATL). Innate and acquired immune responses play pivotal roles in controlling the status of HTLV-1-infected cells and such, the outcome of HTLV-1 infection. Natural killer cells (NKCs) are the effector cells of the innate immune system and are involved in controlling viral infections and several types of cancers. The ability of NKCs to trigger cytotoxicity to provide surveillance against viruses and cancer depends on the balance between the inhibitory and activating signals. In this review, we will discuss NKC function and the alterations in the frequency of these cells in HTLV-1 infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Mahdifar
- Immunology Research Center, Inflammation and Inflammatory Diseases Division, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Reza Boostani
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Graham P Taylor
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Seyed Abdolrahim Rezaee
- Immunology Research Center, Inflammation and Inflammatory Diseases Division, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Houshang Rafatpanah
- Immunology Research Center, Inflammation and Inflammatory Diseases Division, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Geng Y, Shao R, Xu T, Zhang L. Identification of a potential signature to predict the risk of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Gene 2024; 894:147942. [PMID: 37935322 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) is related to the elevated risk of fracture in postmenopausal women. Thus, to effectively predict the occurrence of PMOP, we explored a novel gene signature for the prediction of PMOP risk. METHODS The WGCNA analysis was conducted to identify the PMOP-related gene modules based on the data from GEO database (GSE56116 and GSE100609). The "limma" R package was applied for screening differentially expressed genes (DEGs) based on the data from GSE100609 dataset. Next, LASSO Cox algorithm were applied to identify valuable PMOP-related risk genes and construct a risk score model. GSEA was then conducted to analyze potential signaling pathways between high-risk (HR) score and low-risk (LR) score groups. RESULTS A novel risk model with five PMOP-related risk genes (SCUBE3, TNNC1, SPON1, SEPT12 and ULBP1) was developed for predicting PMOP risk status. RT-qPCR and western blot assays validated that compared to postmenopausal non-osteoporosis (non-PMOP) patients, SCUBE3, ULBP1, SEPT12 levels were obviously elevated, and TNNC1 and SPON1 levels were reduced in blood samples from PMOP patients. Additionally, PMOP-related pathways such as MAPK signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and HIF-1 signaling pathway were significantly activated in the HR-score group compared to the LR-score group. The circRNA-gene-miRNA and gene-transcription factor networks showed that 533 miRNAs, 13 circRNAs and 40 TFs might be involved in regulating the expression level of these five PMOP-related genes. CONCLUSION Collectively, we developed a PMOP-related gene signature based on SCUBE3, TNNC1, SPON1, SEPT12 and ULBP1 genes, and higher risk score indicated higher risk suffering from PMOP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yannan Geng
- Department of the Sixth Spinal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, 300122, China
| | - Rui Shao
- Department of the Sixth Spinal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, 300122, China
| | - Tiantong Xu
- Department of the Sixth Spinal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, 300122, China
| | - Lilong Zhang
- Department of the Sixth Spinal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, 300122, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang W, Liu Y, He Z, Li L, Liu S, Jiang M, Zhao B, Deng M, Wang W, Mi X, Sun Z, Ge X. Breakthrough of solid tumor treatment: CAR-NK immunotherapy. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:40. [PMID: 38245520 PMCID: PMC10799930 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-01815-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
As the latest and most anticipated method of tumor immunotherapy, CAR-NK therapy has received increasing attention in recent years, and its safety and high efficiency have irreplaceable advantages over CAR-T. Current research focuses on the application of CAR-NK in hematological tumors, while there are fewer studies on solid tumor. This article reviews the process of constructing CAR-NK, the effects of hypoxia and metabolic factors, NK cell surface receptors, cytokines, and exosomes on the efficacy of CAR-NK in solid tumor, and the role of CAR-NK in various solid tumor. The mechanism of action and the research status of the potential of CAR-NK in the treatment of solid tumor in clinical practice, and put forward the advantages, limitations and future problems of CAR-NK in the treatment of solid tumor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenkang Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhen He
- Department of Internal Medicine, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lifeng Li
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Senbo Liu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mingqiang Jiang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bing Zhao
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Meng Deng
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wendong Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xuefang Mi
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhenqiang Sun
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Xin Ge
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Alotaibi F, Alshammari K, Alotaibi BA, Alsaab H. Destabilizing the genome as a therapeutic strategy to enhance response to immune checkpoint blockade: a systematic review of clinical trials evidence from solid and hematological tumors. Front Pharmacol 2024; 14:1280591. [PMID: 38264532 PMCID: PMC10803447 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1280591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Genomic instability is increased alterations in the genome during cell division and is common among most cancer cells. Genome instability enhances the risk of initial carcinogenic transformation, generating new clones of tumor cells, and increases tumor heterogeneity. Although genome instability contributes to malignancy, it is also an "Achilles' heel" that constitutes a therapeutically-exploitable weakness-when sufficiently advanced, it can intrinsically reduce tumor cell survival by creating DNA damage and mutation events that overwhelm the capacity of cancer cells to repair those lesions. Furthermore, it can contribute to extrinsic survival-reducing events by generating mutations that encode new immunogenic antigens capable of being recognized by the immune system, particularly when anti-tumor immunity is boosted by immunotherapy drugs. Here, we describe how genome-destabilization can induce immune activation in cancer patients and systematically review the induction of genome instability exploited clinically, in combination with immune checkpoint blockade. Methods: We performed a systematic review of clinical trials that exploited the combination approach to successfully treat cancers patients. We systematically searched PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Clinicaltrials.gov, and publication from the reference list of related articles. The most relevant inclusion criteria were peer-reviewed clinical trials published in English. Results: We identified 1,490 studies, among those 164 were clinical trials. A total of 37 clinical trials satisfied the inclusion criteria and were included in the study. The main outcome measurements were overall survival and progression-free survival. The majority of the clinical trials (30 out of 37) showed a significant improvement in patient outcome. Conclusion: The majority of the included clinical trials reported the efficacy of the concept of targeting DNA repair pathway, in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors, to create a "ring of synergy" to treat cancer with rational combinations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Faizah Alotaibi
- College of Science and Health Professions, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Alahsa, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kanaan Alshammari
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Oncology Department, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Badi A. Alotaibi
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hashem Alsaab
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang T, Wei L, Meng S, Song W, Chen Y, Li H, Zhao Q, Jiang Z, Liu D, Ren H, Hong X. Coordinated Priming of NKG2D Pathway by IL-15 Enhanced Functional Properties of Cytotoxic CD4 +CD28 - T Cells Expanded in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Inflammation 2023; 46:1587-1601. [PMID: 37415045 PMCID: PMC10567942 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-023-01860-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic autoimmune disorder, and numerous aberrations of T cell responses have been reported and were implicated in its pathophysiology. Recently, CD4-positive T cells with cytotoxic potential were shown to be involved in autoimmune disease progression and tissue damage. However, the effector functions of this cell type and their potential molecular mechanisms in SLE patients remain to be elucidated. In this study, we find that cytotoxic CD4+CD28- T cells are expanded in SLE patients with flow cytometry analysis, and the percentage of CD4+CD28- T cells positively correlates with the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/ACR Damage Index (SDI). Furthermore, our study suggests that interleukin-15 (IL-15) promotes the expansion, proliferation, and cytotoxic function of CD4+CD28- T cells in SLE patients through activation of the Janus kinase3-STAT5 pathway. Further study indicates that IL-15 not only mediates the upregulation of NKG2D, but also cooperates with the NKG2D pathway to regulate the activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) pathway. Together, our study demonstrated that proinflammatory and cytolytic CD4+CD28- T cells expand in SLE patients. The pathogenic potential of these CD4+CD28- T cells is driven by the coupling of the IL-15/IL-15R signaling pathway and the NKG2D/DAP10 signaling pathway, which may open new avenues for therapeutic intervention to prevent SLE progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen, 518020, China
- Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Laiyou Wei
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Frist Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Shuhui Meng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Wencong Song
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Yulan Chen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Heng Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen, 518020, China
- Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Qianqian Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen, 518020, China
- Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Zhenyou Jiang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Basic Medicine and Public Hygiene, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Dongzhou Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen, 518020, China
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Frist Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Huan Ren
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Xiaoping Hong
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen, 518020, China.
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
- Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Frist Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518020, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Xu Y, Li T, Zhou Z, Hong J, Chao Y, Zhu Z, Zhang Y, Qu Q, Li D. Structures of liganded glycosylphosphatidylinositol transamidase illuminate GPI-AP biogenesis. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5520. [PMID: 37684232 PMCID: PMC10491789 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41281-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Many eukaryotic receptors and enzymes rely on glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchors for membrane localization and function. The transmembrane complex GPI-T recognizes diverse proproteins at a signal peptide region that lacks consensus sequence and replaces it with GPI via a transamidation reaction. How GPI-T maintains broad specificity while preventing unintentional cleavage is unclear. Here, substrates- and products-bound human GPI-T structures identify subsite features that enable broad proprotein specificity, inform catalytic mechanism, and reveal a multilevel safeguard mechanism against its promiscuity. In the absence of proproteins, the catalytic site is invaded by a locally stabilized loop. Activation requires energetically unfavorable rearrangements that transform the autoinhibitory loop into crucial catalytic cleft elements. Enzyme-proprotein binding in the transmembrane and luminal domains respectively powers the conformational rearrangement and induces a competent cleft. GPI-T thus integrates various weak specificity regions to form strong selectivity and prevent accidental activation. These findings provide important mechanistic insights into GPI-anchored protein biogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yidan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), University of CAS, Shanghai, China
| | - Tingting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), University of CAS, Shanghai, China
| | - Zixuan Zhou
- Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology), Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Systems Biology for Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingjing Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), University of CAS, Shanghai, China
| | - Yulin Chao
- Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology), Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Systems Biology for Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhini Zhu
- Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology), Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Systems Biology for Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology), Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Systems Biology for Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianhui Qu
- Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology), Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Systems Biology for Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Dianfan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), University of CAS, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhang M, Lam KP, Xu S. Natural Killer Cell Engagers (NKCEs): a new frontier in cancer immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1207276. [PMID: 37638058 PMCID: PMC10450036 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1207276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural Killer (NK) cells are a type of innate lymphoid cells that play a crucial role in immunity by killing virally infected or tumor cells and secreting cytokines and chemokines. NK cell-mediated immunotherapy has emerged as a promising approach for cancer treatment due to its safety and effectiveness. NK cell engagers (NKCEs), such as BiKE (bispecific killer cell engager) or TriKE (trispecific killer cell engager), are a novel class of antibody-based therapeutics that exhibit several advantages over other cancer immunotherapies harnessing NK cells. By bridging NK and tumor cells, NKCEs activate NK cells and lead to tumor cell lysis. A growing number of NKCEs are currently undergoing development, with some already in clinical trials. However, there is a need for more comprehensive studies to determine how the molecular design of NKCEs affects their functionality and manufacturability, which are crucial for their development as off-the-shelf drugs for cancer treatment. In this review, we summarize current knowledge on NKCE development and discuss critical factors required for the production of effective NKCEs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minchuan Zhang
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kong-Peng Lam
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shengli Xu
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Anang V, Singh A, Kottarath SK, Verma C. Receptors of immune cells mediates recognition for tumors. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2023; 194:219-267. [PMID: 36631194 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2022.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Over the last few decades, the immune system has been steered toward eradication of cancer cells with the help of cancer immunotherapy. T cells, B cells, monocytes/macrophages, dendritic cells, T-reg cells, and natural killer (NK) cells are some of the numerous immune cell types that play a significant part in cancer cell detection and reduction of inflammation, and the antitumor response. Briefly stated, chimeric antigen receptors, adoptive transfer and immune checkpoint modulators are currently the subjects of research focus for successful immunotherapy-based treatments for a variety of cancers. This chapter discusses ongoing investigations on the mechanisms and recent developments by which receptors of immune cells especially that of lymphocytes and monocytes/macrophages regulate the detection of immune system leading to malignancies. We will also be looking into the treatment strategies based on these mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vandana Anang
- International Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), New Delhi, India
| | | | - Sarat Kumar Kottarath
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Huston, TX, United States.
| | - Chaitenya Verma
- Department of Pathology, Wexner Medical Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lee MJ, Leong MW, Rustagi A, Beck A, Zeng L, Holmes S, Qi LS, Blish CA. SARS-CoV-2 escapes direct NK cell killing through Nsp1-mediated downregulation of ligands for NKG2D. Cell Rep 2022; 41:111892. [PMID: 36543165 PMCID: PMC9742201 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are cytotoxic effector cells that target and lyse virally infected cells; many viruses therefore encode mechanisms to escape such NK cell killing. Here, we interrogate the ability of SARS-CoV-2 to modulate NK cell recognition and lysis of infected cells. We find that NK cells exhibit poor cytotoxic responses against SARS-CoV-2-infected targets, preferentially killing uninfected bystander cells. We demonstrate that this escape is driven by downregulation of ligands for the activating receptor NKG2D (NKG2D-L). Indeed, early in viral infection, prior to NKG2D-L downregulation, NK cells are able to target and kill infected cells; however, this ability is lost as viral proteins are expressed. Finally, we find that SARS-CoV-2 non-structural protein 1 (Nsp1) mediates downregulation of NKG2D-L and that Nsp1 alone is sufficient to confer resistance to NK cell killing. Collectively, our work demonstrates that SARS-CoV-2 evades direct NK cell cytotoxicity and describes a mechanism by which this occurs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Madeline J Lee
- Stanford Immunology Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Michelle W Leong
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Arjun Rustagi
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Aimee Beck
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Leiping Zeng
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Susan Holmes
- Department of Statistics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Lei S Qi
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Sarafan Chem-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94157, USA
| | - Catherine A Blish
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94157, USA; Stanford Medical Scientist Training Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Höfle J, Trenkner T, Kleist N, Schwane V, Vollmers S, Barcelona B, Niehrs A, Fittje P, Huynh‐Tran VH, Sauter J, Schmidt AH, Peine S, Hoelzemer A, Richert L, Altfeld M, Körner C. Engagement of TRAIL triggers degranulation and IFNγ production in human natural killer cells. EMBO Rep 2022; 23:e54133. [PMID: 35758160 PMCID: PMC9346491 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202154133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
NK cells utilize a large array of receptors to screen their surroundings for aberrant or virus‐infected cells. Given the vast diversity of receptors expressed on NK cells we seek to identify receptors involved in the recognition of HIV‐1‐infected cells. By combining an unbiased large‐scale screening approach with a functional assay, we identify TRAIL to be associated with NK cell degranulation against HIV‐1‐infected target cells. Further investigating the underlying mechanisms, we demonstrate that TRAIL is able to elicit multiple effector functions in human NK cells independent of receptor‐mediated induction of apoptosis. Direct engagement of TRAIL not only results in degranulation but also IFNγ production. Moreover, TRAIL‐mediated NK cell activation is not limited to its cognate death receptors but also decoy receptor I, adding a new perspective to the perceived regulatory role of decoy receptors in TRAIL‐mediated cytotoxicity. Based on these findings, we propose that TRAIL not only contributes to the anti‐HIV‐1 activity of NK cells but also possesses a multifunctional role beyond receptor‐mediated induction of apoptosis, acting as a regulator for the induction of different effector functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Pia Fittje
- Leibniz Institute of Virology Hamburg Germany
| | - Van Hung Huynh‐Tran
- Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center UMR1219 and Inria, team SISTM University of Bordeaux Bordeaux France
| | | | | | - Sven Peine
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine University Medical Center Hamburg‐Eppendorf Hamburg Germany
| | - Angelique Hoelzemer
- Leibniz Institute of Virology Hamburg Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF) Partner Site Hamburg‐Lübeck‐Borstel‐Riems Hamburg Germany
- First Department of Medicine Division of Infectious Diseases University Medical Center Hamburg‐Eppendorf Hamburg Germany
| | - Laura Richert
- Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center UMR1219 and Inria, team SISTM University of Bordeaux Bordeaux France
| | - Marcus Altfeld
- Leibniz Institute of Virology Hamburg Germany
- Institute of Immunology University Medical Center Hamburg‐Eppendorf Hamburg Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Vulpis E, Loconte L, Peri A, Molfetta R, Caracciolo G, Masuelli L, Tomaipitinca L, Peruzzi G, Petillo S, Petrucci MT, Fazio F, Simonelli L, Fionda C, Soriani A, Cerboni C, Cippitelli M, Paolini R, Bernardini G, Palmieri G, Santoni A, Zingoni A. Impact on NK cell functions of acute versus chronic exposure to extracellular vesicle-associated MICA: Dual role in cancer immunosurveillance. J Extracell Vesicles 2022; 11:e12176. [PMID: 34973063 PMCID: PMC8720178 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are innate cytotoxic lymphocytes that play a key role in cancer immunosurveillance thanks to their ability to recognize and kill cancer cells. NKG2D is an activating receptor that binds to MIC and ULBP molecules typically induced on damaged, transformed or infected cells. The release of NKG2D ligands (NKG2DLs) in the extracellular milieu through protease-mediated cleavage or by extracellular vesicle (EV) secretion allows cancer cells to evade NKG2D-mediated immunosurveillance. In this work, we investigated the immunomodulatory properties of the NKG2D ligand MICA*008 associated to distinct populations of EVs (i.e., small extracellular vesicles [sEVs] and medium size extracellular vesicles [mEVs]). By using as model a human MICA*008-transfected multiple myeloma (MM) cell line, we found that this ligand is present on both vesicle populations. Interestingly, our findings reveal that NKG2D is specifically involved in the uptake of vesicles expressing its cognate ligand. We provide evidence that MICA*008-expressing sEVs and mEVs are able on one hand to activate NK cells but, following prolonged stimulation induce a sustained NKG2D downmodulation leading to impaired NKG2D-mediated functions. Moreover, our findings show that MICA*008 can be transferred by vesicles to NK cells causing fratricide. Focusing on MM as a clinically and biologically relevant model of tumour-NK cell interactions, we found enrichment of EVs expressing MICA in the bone marrow of a cohort of patients. All together our results suggest that the accumulation of NKG2D ligands associated to vesicles in the tumour microenvironment could favour the suppression of NK cell activity either by NKG2D down-modulation or by fratricide of NK cell dressed with EV-derived NKG2D ligands.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Vulpis
- Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia‐Fondazione Cenci BolognettiDepartment of Molecular MedicineSapienza’ University of RomeRomeItaly
| | - Luisa Loconte
- Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia‐Fondazione Cenci BolognettiDepartment of Molecular MedicineSapienza’ University of RomeRomeItaly
| | - Agnese Peri
- Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia‐Fondazione Cenci BolognettiDepartment of Molecular MedicineSapienza’ University of RomeRomeItaly
| | - Rosa Molfetta
- Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia‐Fondazione Cenci BolognettiDepartment of Molecular MedicineSapienza’ University of RomeRomeItaly
| | - Giulio Caracciolo
- Department of Molecular MedicineSapienza University of RomeRomeItaly
| | - Laura Masuelli
- Department of Experimental MedicineSapienza University of RomeRomeItaly
| | - Luana Tomaipitinca
- Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia‐Fondazione Cenci BolognettiDepartment of Molecular MedicineSapienza’ University of RomeRomeItaly
| | - Giovanna Peruzzi
- Center for Life Nano & Neuro ScienceIstituto Italiano di TecnologiaRomeItaly
| | - Sara Petillo
- Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia‐Fondazione Cenci BolognettiDepartment of Molecular MedicineSapienza’ University of RomeRomeItaly
| | - Maria Teresa Petrucci
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and HematologySapienza University of RomeItaly
| | - Francesca Fazio
- Department of Cellular Biotechnologies and HematologySapienza University of RomeItaly
| | - Lucilla Simonelli
- Department of Experimental MedicineSapienza University of RomeRomeItaly
| | - Cinzia Fionda
- Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia‐Fondazione Cenci BolognettiDepartment of Molecular MedicineSapienza’ University of RomeRomeItaly
| | - Alessandra Soriani
- Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia‐Fondazione Cenci BolognettiDepartment of Molecular MedicineSapienza’ University of RomeRomeItaly
| | - Cristina Cerboni
- Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia‐Fondazione Cenci BolognettiDepartment of Molecular MedicineSapienza’ University of RomeRomeItaly
| | - Marco Cippitelli
- Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia‐Fondazione Cenci BolognettiDepartment of Molecular MedicineSapienza’ University of RomeRomeItaly
| | - Rossella Paolini
- Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia‐Fondazione Cenci BolognettiDepartment of Molecular MedicineSapienza’ University of RomeRomeItaly
| | - Giovanni Bernardini
- Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia‐Fondazione Cenci BolognettiDepartment of Molecular MedicineSapienza’ University of RomeRomeItaly
| | | | - Angela Santoni
- Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia‐Fondazione Cenci BolognettiDepartment of Molecular MedicineSapienza’ University of RomeRomeItaly
- Neuromed I.R.C.C.S.‐Istituto Neurologico MediterraneoPozzilliItaly
| | - Alessandra Zingoni
- Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia‐Fondazione Cenci BolognettiDepartment of Molecular MedicineSapienza’ University of RomeRomeItaly
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Fan J, Shi J, Zhang Y, Liu J, An C, Zhu H, Wu P, Hu W, Qin R, Yao D, Shou X, Xu Y, Tong Z, Wen X, Xu J, Zhang J, Fang W, Lou J, Yin W, Chen W. NKG2D discriminates diverse ligands through selectively mechano-regulated ligand conformational changes. EMBO J 2021; 41:e107739. [PMID: 34913508 PMCID: PMC8762575 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2021107739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Stimulatory immune receptor NKG2D binds diverse ligands to elicit differential anti‐tumor and anti‐virus immune responses. Two conflicting degeneracy recognition models based on static crystal structures and in‐solution binding affinities have been considered for almost two decades. Whether and how NKG2D recognizes and discriminates diverse ligands still remain unclear. Using live‐cell‐based single‐molecule biomechanical assay, we characterized the in situ binding kinetics of NKG2D interacting with different ligands in the absence or presence of mechanical force. We found that mechanical force application selectively prolonged NKG2D interaction lifetimes with the ligands MICA and MICB, but not with ULBPs, and that force‐strengthened binding is much more pronounced for MICA than for other ligands. We also integrated steered molecular dynamics simulations and mutagenesis to reveal force‐induced rotational conformational changes of MICA, involving formation of additional hydrogen bonds on its binding interface with NKG2D, impeding MICA dissociation under force. We further provided a kinetic triggering model to reveal that force‐dependent affinity determines NKG2D ligand discrimination and its downstream NK cell activation. Together, our results demonstrate that NKG2D has a discrimination power to recognize different ligands, which depends on selective mechanical force‐induced ligand conformational changes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Fan
- Department of Cell Biology and Department of Cardiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiawei Shi
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of RNA Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Junwei Liu
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Center for Integrated Oncology and Precision Medicine, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chenyi An
- Department of Cell Biology and Department of Cardiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huaying Zhu
- Department of Cell Biology and Department of Cardiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peng Wu
- Department of Cell Biology and Department of Cardiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Hu
- Department of Cell Biology and Department of Cardiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rui Qin
- Department of Cell Biology and Department of Cardiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Danmei Yao
- Department of Cell Biology and Department of Cardiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin Shou
- Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yibing Xu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhou Tong
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xue Wen
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianpo Xu
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems and Precision Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weijia Fang
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jizhong Lou
- Key Laboratory of RNA Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Weiwei Yin
- Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardio-Cerebral Vascular Detection Technology and Medicinal Effectiveness Appraisal, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument of Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Cell Biology and Department of Cardiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Center for Integrated Oncology and Precision Medicine, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems and Precision Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China.,The MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science & Brain-machine Integration, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhang Y, Long H, Wang S, Xiao W, Xiong M, Liu J, Chen L, Chen R, Wei X, Shu Y, Zeng Y, Zhang L. Genome-Wide DNA Methylation Pattern in Whole Blood Associated With Primary Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Front Immunol 2021; 12:702244. [PMID: 34484198 PMCID: PMC8414634 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.702244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. ICH is a multifactorial disease that emerges from interactions among multiple genetic and environmental factors. DNA methylation plays an important role in the etiology of complex traits and diseases. We used the Illumina Infinium Human Methylation 850k BeadChip to detect changes in DNA methylation in peripheral blood samples from patients with ICH and healthy controls to explore DNA methylation patterns in ICH. Here, we compared genomic DNA methylation patterns in whole blood from ICH patients (n = 30) and controls (n = 34). The ICH and control groups showed significantly different DNA methylation patterns at 1530 sites (p-value < 5.92E-08), with 1377 hypermethylated sites and 153 hypomethylated sites in ICH patients compared to the methylation status in healthy controls. A total of 371 hypermethylated sites and 35 hypomethylated sites were in promoters, while 738 hypermethylated sites and 67 hypomethylated sites were in coding regions. Furthermore, the differentially methylated genes between ICH patients and controls were largely related to inflammatory pathways. Abnormalities in the DNA methylation pattern identified in the peripheral blood of ICH patients may play an important role in the development of ICH and warranted further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yupeng Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hongyu Long
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Sai Wang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wenbiao Xiao
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Meishan Xiong
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jianyi Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ruijuan Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xueli Wei
- Department of Geriatrics, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yi Shu
- Department of Neurology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yi Zeng
- Department of Geriatrics, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Le Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Alves E, McLeish E, Blancafort P, Coudert JD, Gaudieri S. Manipulating the NKG2D Receptor-Ligand Axis Using CRISPR: Novel Technologies for Improved Host Immunity. Front Immunol 2021; 12:712722. [PMID: 34456921 PMCID: PMC8397441 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.712722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The activating immune receptor natural killer group member D (NKG2D) and its cognate ligands represent a fundamental surveillance system of cellular distress, damage or transformation. Signaling through the NKG2D receptor-ligand axis is critical for early detection of viral infection or oncogenic transformation and the presence of functional NKG2D ligands (NKG2D-L) is associated with tumor rejection and viral clearance. Many viruses and tumors have developed mechanisms to evade NKG2D recognition via transcriptional, post-transcriptional or post-translational interference with NKG2D-L, supporting the concept that circumventing immune evasion of the NKG2D receptor-ligand axis may be an attractive therapeutic avenue for antiviral therapy or cancer immunotherapy. To date, the complexity of the NKG2D receptor-ligand axis and the lack of specificity of current NKG2D-targeting therapies has not allowed for the precise manipulation required to optimally harness NKG2D-mediated immunity. However, with the discovery of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPRs) and CRISPR-associated (Cas) proteins, novel opportunities have arisen in the realm of locus-specific gene editing and regulation. Here, we give a brief overview of the NKG2D receptor-ligand axis in humans and discuss the levels at which NKG2D-L are regulated and dysregulated during viral infection and oncogenesis. Moreover, we explore the potential for CRISPR-based technologies to provide novel therapeutic avenues to improve and maximize NKG2D-mediated immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric Alves
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, The Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Emily McLeish
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Pilar Blancafort
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, The Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Perth, WA, Australia
- The Greehey Children’s Cancer Research Institute, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Jerome D. Coudert
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Perth, WA, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Notre Dame, Fremantle, WA, Australia
| | - Silvana Gaudieri
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Shehata WA, Maraee A, Amer E, Azmy R. UL 16 Binding Protein 3 gene expression: Does it have an association with Alopecia Areata? GENE REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2021.101130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
17
|
Fu YY, Ren CE, Qiao PY, Meng YH. Uterine natural killer cells and recurrent spontaneous abortion. Am J Reprod Immunol 2021; 86:e13433. [PMID: 33896061 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA), termed as two or more consecutive pregnancy loss is a great problem for some women of childbearing age. A large number of evidence confirm that there may be an immune background of RSA. As a member of the innate immune system, uterine natural killer (uNK) cells account for about 70% of total lymphocytes during pregnancy and play a critical role in the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy. This review mainly introduces the phenotype, origin, receptor, and function of uNK cells to illuminate its relationship with RSA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Yao Fu
- Clinical Medical Colleges, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Chun-E Ren
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Peng-Yun Qiao
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Yu-Han Meng
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Shihab I, Khalil BA, Elemam NM, Hachim IY, Hachim MY, Hamoudi RA, Maghazachi AA. Understanding the Role of Innate Immune Cells and Identifying Genes in Breast Cancer Microenvironment. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12082226. [PMID: 32784928 PMCID: PMC7464944 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The innate immune system is the first line of defense against invading pathogens and has a major role in clearing transformed cells, besides its essential role in activating the adaptive immune system. Macrophages, dendritic cells, NK cells, and granulocytes are part of the innate immune system that accumulate in the tumor microenvironment such as breast cancer. These cells induce inflammation in situ by secreting cytokines and chemokines that promote tumor growth and progression, in addition to orchestrating the activities of other immune cells. In breast cancer microenvironment, innate immune cells are skewed towards immunosuppression that may lead to tumor evasion. However, the mechanisms by which immune cells could interact with breast cancer cells are complex and not fully understood. Therefore, the importance of the mammary tumor microenvironment in the development, growth, and progression of cancer is widely recognized. With the advances of using bioinformatics and analyzing data from gene banks, several genes involved in NK cells of breast cancer individuals have been identified. In this review, we discuss the activities of certain genes involved in the cross-talk among NK cells and breast cancer. Consequently, altering tumor immune microenvironment can make breast tumors more responsive to immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Israa Shihab
- Department of Clinical Sciences and the Immuno-Oncology Group, Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, UAE; (I.S.); (B.A.K.); (N.M.E.); (I.Y.H.); (R.A.H.)
| | - Bariaa A. Khalil
- Department of Clinical Sciences and the Immuno-Oncology Group, Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, UAE; (I.S.); (B.A.K.); (N.M.E.); (I.Y.H.); (R.A.H.)
| | - Noha Mousaad Elemam
- Department of Clinical Sciences and the Immuno-Oncology Group, Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, UAE; (I.S.); (B.A.K.); (N.M.E.); (I.Y.H.); (R.A.H.)
| | - Ibrahim Y. Hachim
- Department of Clinical Sciences and the Immuno-Oncology Group, Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, UAE; (I.S.); (B.A.K.); (N.M.E.); (I.Y.H.); (R.A.H.)
| | - Mahmood Yaseen Hachim
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai 505055, UAE;
| | - Rifat A. Hamoudi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and the Immuno-Oncology Group, Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, UAE; (I.S.); (B.A.K.); (N.M.E.); (I.Y.H.); (R.A.H.)
| | - Azzam A. Maghazachi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and the Immuno-Oncology Group, Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, UAE; (I.S.); (B.A.K.); (N.M.E.); (I.Y.H.); (R.A.H.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Research Progress on NK Cell Receptors and Their Signaling Pathways. Mediators Inflamm 2020; 2020:6437057. [PMID: 32774149 PMCID: PMC7396059 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6437057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer cells (NK cells) play an important role in innate immunity. NK cells recognize self and nonself depending on the balance of activating receptors and inhibitory receptors. After binding to their ligands, NK cell receptors trigger subsequent signaling conduction and then determine whether NK is activated or inhibited. Furthermore, NK cell response includes cytotoxicity and cytokine release, which is tightly related to the activation of NK cell-activating receptors and the inhibition of inhibitory receptors on the surfaces of NK cells. The expression and function of NK cell surface receptors also alter in virus infection, tumor, and autoimmune diseases and influence the occurrence and development of diseases. So, it is important to understand the mechanism of recognition between NK receptors and their ligands in pathological conditions and the signaling pathways of NK cell receptors. This review mainly summarizes the research progress on NK cell surface receptors and their signal pathways.
Collapse
|
20
|
Kim KS, Park KS. XRP44X Enhances the Cytotoxic Activity of Natural Killer Cells by Activating the c-JUN N-Terminal Kinase Signaling Pathway. Dev Reprod 2020; 24:53-62. [PMID: 32411918 PMCID: PMC7201060 DOI: 10.12717/dr.2020.24.1.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are innate lymphocytes that play an essential role in
preventing cancer development by performing immune surveillance to eradicate
abnormal cells. Since ex vivo expanded NK cells have cytotoxic
activity against various cancers, including breast cancers, their clinical
potential as immune-oncogenic therapeutics has been widely investigated. Here,
we report that the pyrazole chemical XRP44X, an inhibitor of Ras/ERK activation
of ELK3, stimulates NK-92MI cells to enhance cytotoxic activity against breast
cancer cells. Under XRP44X stimulation, NK cells did not show notable apoptosis
or impaired cell cycle progression. We demonstrated that XRP44X enhanced
interferon gamma expression in NK-92MI cells. We also elucidated that
potentiation of the cytotoxic activity of NK-92MI cells by XRP44X is induced by
activation of the c-JUN N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway. Our data
provide insight into the evaluation of XRP44X as an immune stimulant and that
XRP44X is a potential candidate compound for the therapeutic development of NK
cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kwang-Soo Kim
- Dept. of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, Seongnam 13488, Korea
| | - Kyung-Soon Park
- Dept. of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, Seongnam 13488, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Pokharel K, Peippo J, Weldenegodguad M, Honkatukia M, Li MH, Kantanen J. Gene Expression Profiling of Corpus luteum Reveals Important Insights about Early Pregnancy in Domestic Sheep. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11040415. [PMID: 32290341 PMCID: PMC7231023 DOI: 10.3390/genes11040415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The majority of pregnancy loss in ruminants occurs during the preimplantation stage, which is thus the most critical period determining reproductive success. Here, we performed a comparative transcriptome study by sequencing total mRNA from corpus luteum (CL) collected during the preimplantation stage of pregnancy in Finnsheep, Texel and F1 crosses. A total of 21,287 genes were expressed in our data. Highly expressed autosomal genes in the CL were associated with biological processes such as progesterone formation (STAR, CYP11A1, and HSD3B1) and embryo implantation (e.g., TIMP1, TIMP2 and TCTP). Among the list of differentially expressed genes, sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin (Ig)-like lectins (SIGLEC3, SIGLEC14, SIGLEC8), ribosomal proteins (RPL17, RPL34, RPS3A, MRPS33) and chemokines (CCL5, CCL24, CXCL13, CXCL9) were upregulated in Finnsheep, while four multidrug resistance-associated proteins (MRPs) were upregulated in Texel ewes. A total of 17 known genes and two uncharacterized non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) were differentially expressed in breed-wise comparisons owing to the flushing diet effect. The significantly upregulated TXNL1 gene indicated potential for embryonic diapause in Finnsheep and F1. Moreover, we report, for the first time in any species, several genes that are active in the CL during early pregnancy (including TXNL1, SIGLEC14, SIGLEC8, MRP4, and CA5A).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kisun Pokharel
- Natural Resources, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), 31600 Jokioinen, Finland; (K.P.); (M.W.)
| | - Jaana Peippo
- Production Systems, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), 31600 Jokioinen, Finland;
| | - Melak Weldenegodguad
- Natural Resources, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), 31600 Jokioinen, Finland; (K.P.); (M.W.)
| | | | - Meng-Hua Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Correspondence: (M.-H.L.); (J.K.); Tel.: +358-295-326-210 (J.K.)
| | - Juha Kantanen
- Production Systems, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), 31600 Jokioinen, Finland;
- Correspondence: (M.-H.L.); (J.K.); Tel.: +358-295-326-210 (J.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Natural Killer Cell Responses in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Implications for Novel Immunotherapeutic Approaches. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12040926. [PMID: 32283827 PMCID: PMC7226319 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12040926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) still represents a significant complication of chronic liver disease, particularly when cirrhosis ensues. Current treatment options include surgery, loco-regional procedures and chemotherapy, according to specific clinical practice guidelines. Immunotherapy with check-point inhibitors, aimed at rescuing T-cells from exhaustion, has been applied as second-line therapy with limited and variable success. Natural killer (NK) cells are an essential component of innate immunity against cancer and changes in phenotype and function have been described in patients with HCC, who also show perturbations of NK activating receptor/ligand axes. Here we discuss the current status of NK cell treatment of HCC on the basis of existing evidence and ongoing clinical trials on adoptive transfer of autologous or allogeneic NK cells ex vivo or after activation with cytokines such as IL-15 and use of antibodies to target cell-expressed molecules to promote antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). To this end, bi-, tri- and tetra-specific killer cell engagers are being devised to improve NK cell recognition of tumor cells, circumventing tumor immune escape and efficiently targeting NK cells to tumors. Moreover, the exciting technique of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-engineered NK cells offers unique opportunities to create CAR-NK with multiple specificities along the experience gained with CAR-T cells with potentially less adverse effects.
Collapse
|
23
|
Luu TT, Wagner AK, Schmied L, Meinke S, Freund JE, Kambayashi T, Ravens I, Achour A, Bernhardt G, Chambers BJ, Höglund P, Kadri N. IL-15 and CD155 expression regulate LAT expression in murine DNAM1 + NK cells, enhancing their effectors functions. Eur J Immunol 2020; 50:494-504. [PMID: 31834938 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201948233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
NK cells are innate immune cells characterized by their ability to spontaneously lyse tumor and virally infected cells. We have recently demonstrated that IL-15-sufficient DC regulate NK cell effector functions in mice. Here, we established that among ITAM-proximal signaling molecules, the expression levels of the scaffold molecule Linker for Activation of T cells (LAT) and its transcription factor ELF-1 were reduced 4 days after in vivo depletion of DC. Addition of IL-15, a cytokine presented by DC to NK cells, regulates LAT expression in NK cells with a significant effect on the DNAM1+ subset compared to DNAM1- cells. We also found that LAT expression is regulated via interaction of the DNAM1 receptor with its ligand CD155 in both immature and mature NK cells, independently of NK cell education. Finally, we found that LAT expression within DNAM1+ NK cells might be responsible for enhanced calcium mobilization following the triggering of activating receptors on NK cells. Altogether, we found that LAT expression is tightly regulated in DNAM1+ NK cells, via interaction(s) with DC, which express CD155 and IL-15, resulting in rapid activation of the DNAM1+ subset during activating receptor triggering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thuy T Luu
- Department of Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Arnika K Wagner
- Department of Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Laurent Schmied
- Department of Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Stephan Meinke
- Department of Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jacquelyn E Freund
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Taku Kambayashi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Inga Ravens
- Institute of Immunology, Building 11, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Adnane Achour
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institute, and Division of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gunter Bernhardt
- Institute of Immunology, Building 11, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Benedict J Chambers
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine, Huddinge, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Petter Höglund
- Department of Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Clinic for Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nadir Kadri
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institute, and Division of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Dean JW, Peters LD, Fuhrman CA, Seay HR, Posgai AL, Stimpson SE, Brusko MA, Perry DJ, Yeh WI, Newby BN, Haller MJ, Muir AB, Atkinson MA, Mathews CE, Brusko TM. Innate inflammation drives NK cell activation to impair Treg activity. J Autoimmun 2020; 108:102417. [PMID: 32035746 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2020.102417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
IL-12 and IL-18 synergize to promote TH1 responses and have been implicated as accelerators of autoimmune pathogenesis in type 1 diabetes (T1D). We investigated the influence of these cytokines on immune cells involved in human T1D progression: natural killer (NK) cells, regulatory T cells (Tregs), and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). NK cells from T1D patients exhibited higher surface CD226 versus controls and lower CD25 compared to first-degree relatives and controls. Changes in NK cell phenotype towards terminal differentiation were associated with cytomegalovirus (CMV) seropositivity, while possession of IL18RAP, IFIH1, and IL2RA T1D-risk variants impacted NK cell activation as evaluated by immuno-expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) analyses. IL-12 and IL-18 stimulated NK cells from healthy donors exhibited enhanced specific killing of myelogenous K562 target cells. Moreover, activated NK cells increased expression of NKG2A, NKG2D, CD226, TIGIT and CD25, which enabled competition for IL-2 upon co-culture with Tregs, resulting in Treg downregulation of FOXP3, production of IFNγ, and loss of suppressive function. We generated islet-autoreactive CTL "avatars", which upon exposure to IL-12 and IL-18, upregulated IFNγ and Granzyme-B leading to increased lymphocytotoxicity of a human β-cell line in vitro. These results support a model for T1D pathogenesis wherein IL-12 and IL-18 synergistically enhance CTL and NK cell cytotoxic activity and disrupt immunoregulation by Tregs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph W Dean
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida Diabetes Institute, Gainesville, FL, USA; Department of Infectious Disease and Immunology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Leeana D Peters
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida Diabetes Institute, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Christopher A Fuhrman
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida Diabetes Institute, Gainesville, FL, USA; NanoString Technologies, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Howard R Seay
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida Diabetes Institute, Gainesville, FL, USA; BD Biosciences, Ashland, OR, USA
| | - Amanda L Posgai
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida Diabetes Institute, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Scott E Stimpson
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida Diabetes Institute, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Maigan A Brusko
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida Diabetes Institute, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Daniel J Perry
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida Diabetes Institute, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Wen-I Yeh
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida Diabetes Institute, Gainesville, FL, USA; BD Biosciences, Ashland, OR, USA
| | - Brittney N Newby
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida Diabetes Institute, Gainesville, FL, USA; Fate Therapeutics, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Michael J Haller
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida Diabetes Institute, Gainesville, FL, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Andrew B Muir
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Mark A Atkinson
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Clayton E Mathews
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida Diabetes Institute, Gainesville, FL, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Todd M Brusko
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida Diabetes Institute, Gainesville, FL, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Xu H. Expressions of natural cytotoxicity receptor, NKG2D and NKG2D ligands in endometriosis. J Reprod Immunol 2019; 136:102615. [PMID: 31655348 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2019.102615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Pathogenesis of endometriosis is still unknown, and the relationship between NK cell activating receptors and endometriosis remains to be explored. We investigated the expression of NCRs and NKG2D in NK cells in peripheral blood (PB) and peritoneal fluid (PF) as well as expression of NKG2D ligands in endometrial cells, and illuminated their relationship with ovarian endometriosis. 20 patients with ovarian endometriosis and 13 subjects for control group were recruited. Flow cytometry was used for examining expressions of NCRs and NKG2D on NK cells. In PF with endometriosis, the expressions of NKp30 (P = 0. 006) and NKG2D (P = 0. 010) on CD56+NK cells were decreased, whereas the expression of NKp46 (P = 0. 040) on CD16+NK cells was higher than that of control. Real time PCR and Western blotting were used for detecting expression of NKG2D ligands. mRNA level of NKG2D ligands on endometrial cells showed no noticeable difference. As for protein expression, the ULBP-2 expression on eutopic endometrial cells with pelvic endometriosis was lower than that on ectopic endometrial cells and eutopic endometrial cells without endometriosis (P < 0.05), and the ULBP-3 expression on ectopic endometrial cells was lower than that on eutopic endometrial cells with or without endometriosis (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that change of NKp30, NKp46 and NKG2D on NK cells in PF and ULBP-2, 3 on endometrial cells may relate to the pathogenesis of pelvic endometriosis. Especially, change of NK cell activating receptors in PF implies that pelvic endometriosis is probably due to local immune changes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Natural killer cells involved in tumour immune escape of hepatocellular carcinomar. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 73:10-16. [PMID: 31078921 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.04.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Natural killer cells are the first line of host immune surveillance and play major roles in the defence against infection and tumours. Hepatic NK cells exhibit unique phenotypic and functional characteristics compared to circulating and spleen NK cells, such as higher levels of cytolytic activity and cytotoxicity mediators against tumour cells. However, the activities of NK cells may be reversed during tumour progression. Recent studies demonstrated that hepatic NK cells were exhausted in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and exhibited impaired cytolytic activity and decreased production of effector cytokines. The present review discusses current knowledge on the role of exhausted NK cells in promoting HCC development and the mechanisms contributing to tumour immune escape, including an imbalance of activating and inhibitory receptors on NK cells, abnormal receptor-ligand interaction, and cross-talk with immune cells and other stromal cells in the tumour environment. We provide a fundamental basis for further study of innate immunity in tumour progression and serve the purpose of exploring new HCC treatment strategies.
Collapse
|
27
|
Biassoni R, Malnati MS. Human Natural Killer Receptors, Co-Receptors, and Their Ligands. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 121:e47. [PMID: 30040219 DOI: 10.1002/cpim.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In the last 20 years, the study of human natural killer (NK) cells has moved from the first molecular characterizations of very few receptor molecules to the identification of a plethora of receptors displaying surprisingly divergent functions. We have contributed to the description of inhibitory receptors and their signaling pathways, important in fine regulation in many cell types, but unknown until their discovery in the NK cells. Inhibitory function is central to regulating NK-mediated cytolysis, with different molecular structures evolving during speciation to assure its persistence. More recently, it has become possible to characterize the NK triggering receptors mediating natural cytotoxicity, unveiling the existence of a network of cellular interactions between effectors of both natural and adaptive immunity. This unit reviews the contemporary history of molecular studies of receptors and ligands involved in NK cell function, characterizing the ligands of the triggering receptor and the mechanisms for finely regulating their expression in pathogen-infected or tumor cells. © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Biassoni
- IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Genova, Italy
| | - Mauro S Malnati
- IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Unit of Human Virology, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Finlay WJ, Coleman JE, Edwards JS, Johnson KS. Anti-PD1 'SHR-1210' aberrantly targets pro-angiogenic receptors and this polyspecificity can be ablated by paratope refinement. MAbs 2019; 11:26-44. [PMID: 30541416 PMCID: PMC6343799 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2018.1550321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Monoclonal anti-programmed cell death 1 (PD1) antibodies are successful cancer therapeutics, but it is not well understood why individual antibodies should have idiosyncratic side-effects. As the humanized antibody SHR-1210 causes capillary hemangioma in patients, a unique toxicity amongst anti-PD1 antibodies, we performed human receptor proteome screening to identify nonspecific interactions that might drive angiogenesis. This screen identified that SHR-1210 mediated aberrant, but highly selective, low affinity binding to human receptors such as vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), frizzled class receptor 5 and UL16 binding protein 2 (ULBP2). SHR-1210 was found to be a potent agonist of human VEGFR2, which may thereby drive hemangioma development via vascular endothelial cell activation. The v-domains of SHR-1210's progenitor murine monoclonal antibody 'Mab005' also exhibited off-target binding and agonism of VEGFR2, proving that the polyspecificity was mediated by the original mouse complementarity-determining regions (CDRs), and had survived the humanization process. Molecular remodelling of SHR-1210 by combinatorial CDR mutagenesis led to deimmunization, normalization of binding affinity to human and cynomolgus PD1, and increased potency in PD1/PD-L1 blockade. Importantly, CDR optimization also ablated all off-target binding, rendering the resulting antibodies fully PD1-specific. As the majority of changes to the paratope were found in the light chain CDRs, the germlining of this domain drove the ablation of off-target binding. The combination of receptor proteome screening and optimization of the antibody binding interface therefore succeeded in generating novel, higher-potency, specificity-enhanced therapeutic IgGs from a single, clinically sub-optimal progenitor. This study showed that highly-specific off-target binding events might be an under-appreciated phenomenon in therapeutic antibody development, but that these unwanted properties can be fully ameliorated by paratope refinement.
Collapse
|
29
|
Abel AM, Yang C, Thakar MS, Malarkannan S. Natural Killer Cells: Development, Maturation, and Clinical Utilization. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1869. [PMID: 30150991 PMCID: PMC6099181 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 625] [Impact Index Per Article: 104.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are the predominant innate lymphocyte subsets that mediate anti-tumor and anti-viral responses, and therefore possess promising clinical utilization. NK cells do not express polymorphic clonotypic receptors and utilize inhibitory receptors (killer immunoglobulin-like receptor and Ly49) to develop, mature, and recognize “self” from “non-self.” The essential roles of common gamma cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-2, IL-7, and IL-15 in the commitment and development of NK cells are well established. However, the critical functions of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-12, IL-18, IL-27, and IL-35 in the transcriptional-priming of NK cells are only starting to emerge. Recent studies have highlighted multiple shared characteristics between NK cells the adaptive immune lymphocytes. NK cells utilize unique signaling pathways that offer exclusive ways to genetically manipulate to improve their effector functions. Here, we summarize the recent advances made in the understanding of how NK cells develop, mature, and their potential translational use in the clinic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alex M Abel
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Immunotherapy, Blood Research Institute, Blood Center of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Chao Yang
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Immunotherapy, Blood Research Institute, Blood Center of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Monica S Thakar
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Immunotherapy, Blood Research Institute, Blood Center of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Subramaniam Malarkannan
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Immunotherapy, Blood Research Institute, Blood Center of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States.,Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States.,Center of Excellence in Prostate Cancer, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Bálint Š, Lopes FB, Davis DM. A nanoscale reorganization of the IL-15 receptor is triggered by NKG2D in a ligand-dependent manner. Sci Signal 2018; 11:11/525/eaal3606. [PMID: 29636390 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aal3606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Natural killer group 2D (NKG2D), an activating receptor on natural killer (NK) cells and a subset of T cells, recognizes stress-inducible proteins, including MICA and ULBP2, which are present on infected or transformed cells. Whether each NKG2D ligand (NKG2DL) has a distinct biological role is not clear. Using superresolution microscopy, we found that NKG2D is constitutively arranged in nanoclusters at the surface of human primary NK cells. Nanoclusters of NKG2D became smaller upon ligation with MICA but became larger upon activation by ULBP2. In addition, ULBP2 induced the reorganization of nanoclusters of the cytokine receptor subunit for both interleukin-2 (IL-2) and IL-15 (IL-2/IL-15Rβ), such that these cytokine receptor subunits coalesced with nanoclusters of NKG2D. Functionally, the response of NK cells activated by ULBP2 was augmented by an interaction between ULBP2-bound NKG2D and IL-15R ligated by IL-15 (trans-presented by IL-15Rα-coated surfaces). These data suggest that NKG2DLs are not equivalent in their capacity to activate NKG2D and establish a previously unknown paradigm in how ligand-induced changes to the nanoscale organization of the cell surface can affect immune responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Štefan Bálint
- Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research, The University of Manchester, 46 Grafton Street, Manchester M13 9NT, UK
| | - Filipa B Lopes
- Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research, The University of Manchester, 46 Grafton Street, Manchester M13 9NT, UK
| | - Daniel M Davis
- Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research, The University of Manchester, 46 Grafton Street, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Prajapati K, Perez C, Rojas LBP, Burke B, Guevara-Patino JA. Functions of NKG2D in CD8 + T cells: an opportunity for immunotherapy. Cell Mol Immunol 2018; 15:470-479. [PMID: 29400704 DOI: 10.1038/cmi.2017.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer group 2 member D (NKG2D) is a type II transmembrane receptor. NKG2D is present on NK cells in both mice and humans, whereas it is constitutively expressed on CD8+ T cells in humans but only expressed upon T-cell activation in mice. NKG2D is a promiscuous receptor that recognizes stress-induced surface ligands. In NK cells, NKG2D signaling is sufficient to unleash the killing response; in CD8+ T cells, this requires concurrent activation of the T-cell receptor (TCR). In this case, the function of NKG2D is to authenticate the recognition of a stressed target and enhance TCR signaling. CD28 has been established as an archetype provider of costimulation during T-cell priming. It has become apparent, however, that signals from other costimulatory receptors, such as NKG2D, are required for optimal T-cell function outside the priming phase. This review will focus on the similarities and differences between NKG2D and CD28; less well-described characteristics of NKG2D, such as the potential role of NKG2D in CD8+ T-cell memory formation, cancer immunity and autoimmunity; and the opportunities for targeting NKG2D in immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kushal Prajapati
- Loyola University Chicago, Oncology Institute, 60153, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Cynthia Perez
- Loyola University Chicago, Oncology Institute, 60153, Maywood, IL, USA
| | | | - Brianna Burke
- Loyola University Chicago, Oncology Institute, 60153, Maywood, IL, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Trembath AP, Sharma N, Raju S, Polić B, Markiewicz MA. A Protective Role for NKG2D-H60a Interaction via Homotypic T Cell Contact in Nonobese Diabetic Autoimmune Diabetes Pathogenesis. Immunohorizons 2017; 1:198-212. [PMID: 29497709 PMCID: PMC5828234 DOI: 10.4049/immunohorizons.1700011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The NK group 2 member D (NKG2D) immune receptor is implicated in both human and mouse autoimmune diabetes. However, the significance of NKG2D in diabetes pathogenesis has been unclear due to conflicting reports as to the importance of this receptor in the NOD mouse model. In this study we demonstrate that NKG2D expression affects NOD diabetes development by at least two previously undescribed, and opposing, mechanisms. First, we demonstrate that the NKG2D ligand H60a is induced on activated NOD T cells, and that NKG2D-H60a interaction during CD8+ T cell differentiation into CTLs generally decreases the subsequent CTL effector cytokine response. This corresponds to an increase in diabetes development in NKG2D-deficient compared with wild-type NOD mice under microbiota-depleted conditions. Second, we demonstrate that NKG2D promotes NOD diabetes development through interaction with the microbiota. Together these findings reveal a previously undescribed role for NKG2D ligand expression by activated T cells in CTL development. Further, they demonstrate that NKG2D has both diabetogenic and antidiabetogenic roles in NOD diabetes development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew P Trembath
- Department of Microbiology, Molecular Genetics and Immunology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
| | - Neekun Sharma
- Department of Microbiology, Molecular Genetics and Immunology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
| | - Saravanan Raju
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Bojan Polić
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical Faculty, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Mary A Markiewicz
- Department of Microbiology, Molecular Genetics and Immunology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160.,Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Li S, Nishikawa T, Kaneda Y. Inactivated Sendai virus particle upregulates cancer cell expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and enhances natural killer cell sensitivity on cancer cells. Cancer Sci 2017; 108:2333-2341. [PMID: 28945328 PMCID: PMC5715349 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Revised: 09/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
We have already reported that the inactivated Sendai virus (hemagglutinating virus of Japan; HVJ) envelope (HVJ‐E) has multiple anticancer effects, including induction of cancer‐selective cell death and activation of anticancer immunity. The HVJ‐E stimulates dendritic cells to produce cytokines and chemokines such as β‐interferon, interleukin‐6, chemokine (C‐C motif) ligand 5, and chemokine (C‐X‐C motif) ligand 10, which activate both CD8+ T cells and natural killer (NK) cells and recruit them to the tumor microenvironment. However, the effect of HVJ‐E on modulating the sensitivity of cancer cells to immune cell attack has yet to be investigated. In this study, we found that HVJ‐E induced the production of intercellular adhesion molecule‐1 (ICAM‐1, CD54), a ligand of lymphocyte function‐associated antigen 1, in several cancer cell lines through the activation of nuclear factor‐κB downstream of retinoic acid‐inducible gene I and the mitochondrial antiviral signaling pathway. The upregulation of ICAM‐1 on the surface of cancer cells increased the sensitivity of cancer cells to NK cells. Knocking out expression of ICAM‐1 in MDA‐MB‐231 cells using the CRISPR/Cas9 method significantly reduced the killing effect of NK cells on ICAM‐1‐depleted MDA‐MB‐231 cells. In addition, HVJ‐E suppressed tumor growth in MDA‐MB‐231 tumor‐bearing SCID mice, and the HVJ‐E antitumor effect was impaired when NK cells were depleted by treatment with the anti‐asialo GM1 antibody. Our findings suggest that HVJ‐E enhances NK cell sensitivity against cancer cells by increasing ICAM‐1 expression on the cancer cell surface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simin Li
- Division of Gene Therapy Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Nishikawa
- Division of Gene Therapy Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yasufumi Kaneda
- Division of Gene Therapy Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Ciaglia E, Laezza C, Abate M, Pisanti S, Ranieri R, D'alessandro A, Picardi P, Gazzerro P, Bifulco M. Recognition by natural killer cells of N6-isopentenyladenosine-treated human glioma cell lines. Int J Cancer 2017; 142:176-190. [PMID: 28884474 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cell stress induced by cytotoxic agents promotes antitumor immune response. Here, we observed that N6-isopentenyladenosine (iPA), an isoprenoid modified adenosine with a well established anticancer activity, was able to induce a significant upregulation of cell surface expression of natural killer (NK) cell activating receptor NK Group 2 member D (NKG2D) ligands on glioma cells in vitro and xenografted in vivo. Specifically suboptimal doses of iPA (0.1 and 1 µM) control the selective upregulation of UL16-binding protein 2 on p53wt-expressing U343MG and that of MICA/B on p53mut-expressing U251MG cells. This event made the glioblastoma cells a potent target for NK cell-mediated recognition through a NKG2D restricted mechanism. p53 siRNA-mediated knock-down and pharmacological inhibition (pifithrin-α), profoundly prevented the iPA action in restoring the immunogenicity of U343MG cells through a mechanism that is dependent upon p53 status of malignancy. Furthermore, accordingly to the preferential recognition of senescent cells by NK cells, we found that iPA treatment was critical for glioma cells entry in premature senescence through the induction of S and G2/M phase arrest. Collectively, our results indicate that behind the well established cytotoxic and antiangiogenic effects, iPA can also display an immune-mediated antitumor activity. The indirect engagement of the innate immune system and its additional activity in primary derived patient's glioma cell model (GBM17 and GBM37), fully increase its translational relevance and led to the exploitation of the isoprenoid pathway for a valid therapeutic intervention in antiglioma research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Ciaglia
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Via Salvatore Allende, Baronissi Salerno, Italy
| | - Chiara Laezza
- Institute of Endocrinology and Experimental Oncology, IEOS CNR, Via Pansini 5, Naples, Italy.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Pansini, Naples, Italy
| | - Mario Abate
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Via Salvatore Allende, Baronissi Salerno, Italy
| | - Simona Pisanti
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Via Salvatore Allende, Baronissi Salerno, Italy
| | - Roberta Ranieri
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Via Salvatore Allende, Baronissi Salerno, Italy
| | - Alba D'alessandro
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, Fisciano Salerno, Italy
| | - Paola Picardi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, Fisciano Salerno, Italy.,Axxam Spa OpenZone - via A. Meucci, Bresso, Milano, Italy
| | - Patrizia Gazzerro
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, Fisciano Salerno, Italy
| | - Maurizio Bifulco
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Via Salvatore Allende, Baronissi Salerno, Italy.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Pansini, Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Paul S, Lal G. The Molecular Mechanism of Natural Killer Cells Function and Its Importance in Cancer Immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1124. [PMID: 28955340 PMCID: PMC5601256 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 435] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are innate immune cells that show strong cytolytic function against physiologically stressed cells such as tumor cells and virus-infected cells. NK cells show a broad array of tissue distribution and phenotypic variability. NK cells express several activating and inhibitory receptors that recognize the altered expression of proteins on target cells and control the cytolytic function. NK cells have been used in several clinical trials to control tumor growth. However, the results are encouraging only in hematological malignancies but not very promising in solid tumors. Increasing evidence suggests that tumor microenvironment regulate the phenotype and function of NK cells. In this review, we discussed the NK cell phenotypes and its effector function and impact of the tumor microenvironment on effector and cytolytic function of NK cells. We also summarized various NK cell-based immunotherapeutic strategies used in the past and the possibilities to improve the function of NK cell for the better clinical outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Paul
- National Centre for Cell Science, Pune, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Lee HR, Son CH, Koh EK, Bae JH, Kang CD, Yang K, Park YS. Expansion of cytotoxic natural killer cells using irradiated autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells and anti-CD16 antibody. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11075. [PMID: 28894091 PMCID: PMC5593981 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09259-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are considered a promising strategy for cancer treatment. Various methods for large-scale NK cell expansion have been developed, but they should guarantee that no viable cells are mixed with the expanded NK cells because most methods involve cancer cells or genetically modified cells as feeder cells. We used an anti-CD16 monoclonal antibody (mAb) and irradiated autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) (IrAPs) to provide a suitable environment (activating receptor-ligand interactions) for the NK cell expansion. This method more potently expanded NK cells, and the final product was composed of highly purified NK cells with lesser T-cell contamination. The expanded NK cells showed greater upregulation of various activation receptors, CD107a, and secreted larger amounts of interferon gamma. IrAPs expressed NKG2D ligands and CD48, and coengagement of CD16 with NKG2D and 2B4 caused potent NK cell activation and proliferation. The expanded NK cells were cytotoxic toward various cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, irradiation or a chemotherapeutic drug further enhanced this antitumor effect. Therefore, we developed an effective in vitro culture method for large-scale expansion of highly purified cytotoxic NK cells with potent antitumor activity using IrAPs instead of cancer cell-based feeder cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Rae Lee
- Department of Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Jwadong-gil 40, Jangan-eup, Gijang-gun, Busan, 46033, South Korea.,Department of Biochemistry, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, 50612, South Korea
| | - Cheol-Hun Son
- Department of Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Jwadong-gil 40, Jangan-eup, Gijang-gun, Busan, 46033, South Korea
| | - Eun-Kyoung Koh
- Department of Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Jwadong-gil 40, Jangan-eup, Gijang-gun, Busan, 46033, South Korea
| | - Jae-Ho Bae
- Department of Biochemistry, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, 50612, South Korea
| | - Chi-Dug Kang
- Department of Biochemistry, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, 50612, South Korea
| | - Kwangmo Yang
- Department of Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Jwadong-gil 40, Jangan-eup, Gijang-gun, Busan, 46033, South Korea.
| | - You-Soo Park
- Department of Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Jwadong-gil 40, Jangan-eup, Gijang-gun, Busan, 46033, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Evaluation of the Functional Capacity of NK Cells of Melanoma Patients in an In Vitro Model of NK Cell Contact with K562 and FemX Tumor Cell Lines. J Membr Biol 2017; 250:507-516. [DOI: 10.1007/s00232-017-9977-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
38
|
Osterburg AR, Nelson RL, Yaniv BZ, Foot R, Donica WR, Nashu MA, Liu H, Wikenheiser-Brokamp KA, Moss J, Gupta N, McCormack FX, Borchers MT. NK cell activating receptor ligand expression in lymphangioleiomyomatosis is associated with lung function decline. JCI Insight 2016; 1:e87270. [PMID: 27734028 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.87270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a rare lung disease of women that leads to progressive cyst formation and accelerated loss of pulmonary function. Neoplastic smooth muscle cells from an unknown source metastasize to the lung and drive destructive remodeling. Given the role of NK cells in immune surveillance, we postulated that NK cell activating receptors and their cognate ligands are involved in LAM pathogenesis. We found that ligands for the NKG2D activating receptor UL-16 binding protein 2 (ULBP2) and ULBP3 are localized in cystic LAM lesions and pulmonary nodules. We found elevated soluble serum ULBP2 (mean = 575 pg/ml ± 142) in 50 of 100 subjects and ULBP3 in 30 of 100 (mean = 8,300 pg/ml ± 1,515) subjects. LAM patients had fewer circulating NKG2D+ NK cells and decreased NKG2D surface expression. Lung function decline was associated with soluble NKG2D ligand (sNKG2DL) detection. The greatest rate of decline forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1, -124 ± 30 ml/year) in the 48 months after enrollment (NHLBI LAM Registry) occurred in patients expressing both ULBP2 and ULBP3, whereas patients with undetectable sNKG2DL levels had the lowest rate of FEV1 decline (-32.7 ± 10 ml/year). These data suggest a role for NK cells, sNKG2DL, and the innate immune system in LAM pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew R Osterburg
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Rebecca L Nelson
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Benyamin Z Yaniv
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Rachel Foot
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Walter Rf Donica
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Madison A Nashu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Huan Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Kathryn A Wikenheiser-Brokamp
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Division of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine and Perinatal Institute, Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Joel Moss
- Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Nishant Gupta
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Francis X McCormack
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Michael T Borchers
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Ghasemi R, Lazear E, Wang X, Arefanian S, Zheleznyak A, Carreno BM, Higashikubo R, Gelman AE, Kreisel D, Fremont DH, Krupnick AS. Selective targeting of IL-2 to NKG2D bearing cells for improved immunotherapy. Nat Commun 2016; 7:12878. [PMID: 27650575 PMCID: PMC5036003 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite over 20 years of clinical use, IL-2 has not fulfilled expectations as a safe and effective form of tumour immunotherapy. Expression of the high affinity IL-2Rα chain on regulatory T cells mitigates the anti-tumour immune response and its expression on vascular endothelium is responsible for life threatening complications such as diffuse capillary leak and pulmonary oedema. Here we describe the development of a recombinant fusion protein comprised of a cowpox virus encoded NKG2D binding protein (OMCP) and a mutated form of IL-2 with poor affinity for IL-2Rα. This fusion protein (OMCP-mutIL-2) potently and selectively activates IL-2 signalling only on NKG2D-bearing cells, such as natural killer (NK) cells, without broadly activating IL-2Rα-bearing cells. OMCP-mutIL-2 provides superior tumour control in several mouse models of malignancy and is not limited by mouse strain-specific variability of NK function. In addition, OMCP-mutIL-2 lacks the toxicity and vascular complications associated with parental wild-type IL-2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reza Ghasemi
- Department of Surgery, Washington University in St Louis, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
| | - Eric Lazear
- Department of Pathology &Immunology, Washington University in St Louis, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- Department of Pathology &Immunology, Washington University in St Louis, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
| | - Saeed Arefanian
- Department of Surgery, Washington University in St Louis, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
| | - Alexander Zheleznyak
- Department of Surgery, Washington University in St Louis, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
| | - Beatriz M Carreno
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
| | - Ryuji Higashikubo
- Department of Surgery, Washington University in St Louis, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
| | - Andrew E Gelman
- Department of Surgery, Washington University in St Louis, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St Louis, Missouri 63110, USA.,Department of Pathology &Immunology, Washington University in St Louis, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
| | - Daniel Kreisel
- Department of Surgery, Washington University in St Louis, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St Louis, Missouri 63110, USA.,Department of Pathology &Immunology, Washington University in St Louis, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
| | - Daved H Fremont
- Department of Pathology &Immunology, Washington University in St Louis, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St Louis, Missouri 63110, USA.,Department of Molecular Microbiology, and Biochemistry &Molecular Biophysics, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St Louis, Missouri 63110, USA.,The Alvin Siteman Cancer Center of Washington University School of Medicine, 4921 Parkview Place, St Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
| | - Alexander Sasha Krupnick
- Department of Surgery, Washington University in St Louis, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St Louis, Missouri 63110, USA.,Department of Pathology &Immunology, Washington University in St Louis, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St Louis, Missouri 63110, USA.,The Alvin Siteman Cancer Center of Washington University School of Medicine, 4921 Parkview Place, St Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Abstract
NKG2D ligands (NKG2DLs) are a group of stress-inducible major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I-like molecules that act as a danger signal alerting the immune system to the presence of abnormal cells. In mammals, two families of NKG2DL genes have been identified: the MIC gene family encoded in the MHC region and the ULBP gene family encoded outside the MHC region in most species. Some mammals have a third family of NKG2DL-like class I genes which we named MILL (MHC class I-like located near the leukocyte receptor complex). Despite the fact that MILL genes are more closely related to MIC genes than ULBP genes are to MIC genes, MILL molecules do not function as NKG2DLs, and their function remains unknown. With the progress of mammalian genome projects, information on the MIC, ULBP, and MILL gene families became available in many mammalian species. Here, we summarize such information and discuss the origin and evolution of the NKG2DL gene family from the viewpoint of host-pathogen coevolution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Kasahara
- Department of Pathology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yoichi Sutoh
- Emory Vaccine Center and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Abstract
Human and mouse NKG2D ligands (NKG2DLs) are absent or only poorly expressed by most normal cells but are upregulated by cell stress, hence, alerting the immune system in case of malignancy or infection. Although these ligands are numerous and highly variable (at genetic, genomic, structural, and biochemical levels), they all belong to the major histocompatibility complex class I gene superfamily and bind to a single, invariant, receptor: NKG2D. NKG2D (CD314) is an activating receptor expressed on NK cells and subsets of T cells that have a key role in the recognition and lysis of infected and tumor cells. Here, we review the molecular diversity of NKG2DLs, discuss the increasing appreciation of their roles in a variety of medical conditions, and propose several explanations for the evolutionary force(s) that seem to drive the multiplicity and diversity of NKG2DLs while maintaining their interaction with a single invariant receptor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raphael Carapito
- ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, INSERM UMR_S1109, LabEx TRANSPLANTEX, Centre de Recherche d'Immunologie et d'Hématologie, Faculté de Médecine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,Laboratoire International Associé (LIA) INSERM, Strasbourg (France) - Nagano (Japan), Strasbourg, France.,Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire (FHU) OMICARE, Strasbourg, France
| | - Seiamak Bahram
- ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, INSERM UMR_S1109, LabEx TRANSPLANTEX, Centre de Recherche d'Immunologie et d'Hématologie, Faculté de Médecine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,Laboratoire International Associé (LIA) INSERM, Strasbourg (France) - Nagano (Japan), Strasbourg, France.,Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire (FHU) OMICARE, Strasbourg, France.,Laboratoire Central d'Immunologie, Pôle de Biologie, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Shen M, Linn YC, Ren EC. KIR-HLA profiling shows presence of higher frequencies of strong inhibitory KIR-ligands among prognostically poor risk AML patients. Immunogenetics 2015; 68:133-44. [PMID: 26649563 DOI: 10.1007/s00251-015-0888-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The expression and interaction between killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) and HLA are known to be associated with pathogenesis of diseases, including hematological malignancies. Presence of B haplotype KIR in donors is associated with a lower relapse risk for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) after hematopoietic stem cell transplants (HSCT). However, the association of KIR and HLA repertoire with disease development and other clinical features is not well studied for AML. In this study, 206 Chinese patients with AML were analyzed for their FAB subtypes, risk groups, and chemo-responsiveness to assess possible association with their KIR and HLA profile. The results revealed that a B-content score of 2 was significantly more prevalent in AML patients when compared to normal controls. Notably, there is also a differential frequency in the distribution of B haplotype KIR across distinct FAB subtypes, where the M3 subtype had significantly lower frequencies of B haplotype KIR compared to the M5 subtype (p < 0.05). In addition, the stronger inhibitory KIR ligands HLA-C2 and HLA-Bw4-80I were present in significantly higher frequencies in the prognostically "poor" risk group compared to those with "favourable" risk (p < 0.01). Taken together, these associations with clinical features of AML suggest a role of the KIR-HLA repertoire in the development and biological behavior of AML.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meixin Shen
- Singapore Immunology Network, A*STAR, 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos #03-06, Singapore, 138648, Singapore
| | - Yeh-Ching Linn
- Department of Haematology, Singapore General Hospital, Academia, 20 College Road, Singapore, 169856, Singapore.
| | - Ee-Chee Ren
- Singapore Immunology Network, A*STAR, 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos #03-06, Singapore, 138648, Singapore. .,Department of Microbiology, National University of Singapore, 21 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119077, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Jabri B, Abadie V. IL-15 functions as a danger signal to regulate tissue-resident T cells and tissue destruction. Nat Rev Immunol 2015; 15:771-83. [PMID: 26567920 PMCID: PMC5079184 DOI: 10.1038/nri3919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In this Opinion article, we discuss the function of tissues as a crucial checkpoint for the regulation of effector T cell responses, and the notion that interleukin-15 (IL-15) functions as a danger molecule that communicates to the immune system that the tissue is under attack and poises it to mediate tissue destruction. More specifically, we propose that expression of IL-15 in tissues promotes T helper 1 cell-mediated immunity and provides co-stimulatory signals to effector cytotoxic T cells to exert their effector functions and drive tissue destruction. Therefore, we think that IL-15 contributes to tissue protection by promoting the elimination of infected cells but that when its expression is chronically dysregulated, it can promote the development of complex T cell-mediated disorders associated with tissue destruction, such as coeliac disease and type 1 diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bana Jabri
- Departments of Medicine, Pathology and Pediatrics, University of Chicago, Knapp Center for Biomedical Discovery (KCBD), Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Valérie Abadie
- Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases, and Immunology, University of Montreal, and the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1C5, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Ramutton T, Buccheri S, Dieli F, Todaro M, Stassi G, Meraviglia S. γδ T cells as a potential tool in colon cancer immunotherapy. Immunotherapy 2015; 6:989-99. [PMID: 25341120 DOI: 10.2217/imt.14.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
γδ T cells are capable of recognizing tumor cells and exert potent cellular cytotoxicity against a large range of tumors, including colon cancer. However, tumors utilize numerous strategies to escape recognition or killing by patrolling γδ T cells, such a downregulation of NKG2D ligands, MICA/B and ULBPs. Therefore, the combined upregulation of T-cell receptorand NKG2D ligands on tumor cells and induction of NKG2D expression on γδ T cells may greatly enhance tumor killing and unlock the functions of γδ T cells. Here, we briefly review current data on the mechanisms of γδ T-cell recognition and killing of colon cancer cells and propose that γδ T cells may represent a promising target for the design of novel and highly innovative immunotherapy in patients with colon cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thiranut Ramutton
- Department of Biopathology & Biomedical Methodologies, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Giuliani M, Bennaceur-Griscelli A, Nanbakhsh A, Oudrhiri N, Chouaib S, Azzarone B, Durrbach A, Lataillade JJ. TLR ligands stimulation protects MSC from NK killing. Stem Cells 2014; 32:290-300. [PMID: 24123639 DOI: 10.1002/stem.1563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2013] [Revised: 07/29/2013] [Accepted: 08/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) play a fundamental role in allograft rejection and graft-versus-host disease through their immunosuppressive abilities. Recently, Toll-like receptors (TLR) have been shown to modulate MSC functions. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of several TLR ligands on the interaction between MSC and natural killer (NK) cells. Our results show that TLR-primed adult bone marrow and embryonic MSC are more resistant than unprimed MSC to IL-2-activated NK-induced killing. Such protection can be explained by the modulation of Natural Killer group 2D ligands major histocompatibility complex class I chain A and ULBP3 and DNAM-1 ligands by TLR-primed MSC. These results indicate that MSCs are able to adapt their immuno-behavior in an inflammatory context, decreasing their susceptibility to NK killing. In addition, TLR3 but not TLR4-primed MSC enhance their suppressive functions against NK cells. However, the efficiency of this response is heterogeneous, even if the phenotypes of different analyzed MSC are rather homogeneous. The consequences could be important in MSC-mediated cell therapy, since the heterogeneity of adult MSC responders may be explored in order to select the more efficient responders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Giuliani
- Military Blood Centre (CTSA), Percy Hospital, Clamart, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Pawlick R, Gala-Lopez B, Pepper AR, McCall M, Ziff O, Shapiro AMJ. The combination of anti-NKG2D and CTLA-4 Ig therapy prolongs islet allograft survival in a murine model. Am J Transplant 2014; 14:2367-74. [PMID: 25179027 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.12838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2014] [Revised: 05/05/2014] [Accepted: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Islet transplantation is an effective means of treating severe type 1 diabetes in patients with life-threatening hypoglycemia. Improvements in glycemic control with correction of HbA1C enhance quality of life irrespective of insulin independence. By antagonizing the Natural Killer Group 2, member D (NKG2D) receptor expression on NK and CD8+ T cells, in combination with blocking CTLA-4 binding sites, we demonstrate a significant delay of graft rejection in islet allotransplant. Anti-NKG2D combined with CTLA-4 Ig (n = 15) results in prolonged allograft survival, with 84.6 ± 10% of the recipients displaying insulin independence compared to controls (n = 10, p < 0.001). The effect of combination therapy on graft survival is superior to treatments alone (CTLA-4 Ig vs. combination p = 0.024, anti-NKG2D vs. combination p < 0.001) indicating an interaction between these pathways. In addition, combination treatment also improves glucose tolerance when compared to controls (n = 10, p = 0.018). Histologically, NKG2D+ cells were significantly decreased within the allograft after 7 days of combination treatment (n = 6, p = 0.029). T cell proliferation was significantly reduced with anti-NKG2D therapy and CD8+ T cell daughter fractions were also significantly decreased with mAb and combination treatment when measured by in vitro mixed lymphocyte reaction (n = 5, p = 0.015, p = 0.005 and p = 0.048). These results demonstrate that inhibition of NKG2D receptors and costimulatory pathways enhance islet allograft survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Pawlick
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Enhanced prevalence of plasmatic soluble MHC class I chain-related molecule in vascular pregnancy diseases. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:653161. [PMID: 25243172 PMCID: PMC4160641 DOI: 10.1155/2014/653161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Revised: 06/03/2014] [Accepted: 06/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The major histocompatibility complex class I related chain (MIC) is a stress-inducible protein modulating the function of immune natural killer (NK) cells, a major leukocyte subset involved in proper trophoblast invasion and spiral artery remodeling. Aim of the study was to evaluate whether upregulation of soluble MIC (sMIC) may reflect immune disorders associated to vascular pregnancy diseases (VPD). sMIC was more frequently detected in the plasma of women with a diagnostic of VPD (32%) than in normal term-matched pregnancies (1.6%, P < 0.0001), with highest prevalence in intrauterine fetal death (IUDF, 44%) and vascular intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR, 39%). sMIC levels were higher in preeclampsia (PE) than in IUFD (P < 0.01) and vascular IUGR (P < 0.05). sMIC detection was associated with bilateral early diastolic uterine notches (P = 0.037), thrombocytopenia (P = 0.03), and high proteinuria (P = 0.03) in PE and with the vascular etiology of IUGR (P = 0.0038). Incubation of sMIC-positive PE plasma resulted in downregulation of NKG2D expression and NK cell-mediated IFN-γ production in vitro. Our work thus suggests that detection of sMIC molecule in maternal plasma may constitute a hallmark of altered maternal immune functions that contributes to vascular disorders that complicate pregnancy, notably by impairing NK-cell mediated production of IFN-γ, an essential cytokine favoring vascular modeling.
Collapse
|
48
|
Transcription of the activating receptor NKG2D in natural killer cells is regulated by STAT3 tyrosine phosphorylation. Blood 2014; 124:403-11. [PMID: 24891320 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2013-05-499707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is considered a negative regulator of inflammation, as inhibition of STAT3 signaling enhances antitumor immunity. However, STAT3 activation is a key oncogenic pathway in natural killer (NK)-lineage large granular lymphomas, and we recently reported enhanced proliferation and function of human NK cells activated with IL-21, which signals primarily through STAT3. These IL-21-expanded NK cells also have increased NKG2D expression, which led us to focus our investigation on whether STAT3 regulates NKG2D. In this study, we show that modulation of STAT3 phosphorylation with cytokines and small-molecule inhibitors correlates with NKG2D expression on human NK cells, leading to altered NK-cell degranulation. Moreover, NKG2D expression on murine NK cells having conditional STAT3 ablation is lower than on NK cells from wild-type mice, and human NK cells carrying dominant-negative STAT3 mutations have decreased baseline NKG2D expression and blunted responses to IL-10 and IL-21. Lastly, we show binding of STAT3 to a predicted STAT3 binding site upstream of the NKG2D gene, which is enhanced by IL-10 and IL-21 and decreased by STAT3 inhibition. Taken together, these data show that NKG2D expression in NK cells is regulated at the transcriptional level by STAT3, resulting in a functional NK cell defect in patients with STAT3 mutations.
Collapse
|
49
|
Fielding CA, Aicheler R, Stanton RJ, Wang ECY, Han S, Seirafian S, Davies J, McSharry BP, Weekes MP, Antrobus PR, Prod'homme V, Blanchet FP, Sugrue D, Cuff S, Roberts D, Davison AJ, Lehner PJ, Wilkinson GWG, Tomasec P. Two novel human cytomegalovirus NK cell evasion functions target MICA for lysosomal degradation. PLoS Pathog 2014; 10:e1004058. [PMID: 24787765 PMCID: PMC4006889 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1004058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2013] [Accepted: 02/18/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
NKG2D plays a major role in controlling immune responses through the regulation of natural killer (NK) cells, αβ and γδ T-cell function. This activating receptor recognizes eight distinct ligands (the MHC Class I polypeptide-related sequences (MIC) A andB, and UL16-binding proteins (ULBP)1-6) induced by cellular stress to promote recognition cells perturbed by malignant transformation or microbial infection. Studies into human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) have aided both the identification and characterization of NKG2D ligands (NKG2DLs). HCMV immediate early (IE) gene up regulates NKGDLs, and we now describe the differential activation of ULBP2 and MICA/B by IE1 and IE2 respectively. Despite activation by IE functions, HCMV effectively suppressed cell surface expression of NKGDLs through both the early and late phases of infection. The immune evasion functions UL16, UL142, and microRNA(miR)-UL112 are known to target NKG2DLs. While infection with a UL16 deletion mutant caused the expected increase in MICB and ULBP2 cell surface expression, deletion of UL142 did not have a similar impact on its target, MICA. We therefore performed a systematic screen of the viral genome to search of addition functions that targeted MICA. US18 and US20 were identified as novel NK cell evasion functions capable of acting independently to promote MICA degradation by lysosomal degradation. The most dramatic effect on MICA expression was achieved when US18 and US20 acted in concert. US18 and US20 are the first members of the US12 gene family to have been assigned a function. The US12 family has 10 members encoded sequentially through US12-US21; a genetic arrangement, which is suggestive of an 'accordion' expansion of an ancestral gene in response to a selective pressure. This expansion must have be an ancient event as the whole family is conserved across simian cytomegaloviruses from old world monkeys. The evolutionary benefit bestowed by the combinatorial effect of US18 and US20 on MICA may have contributed to sustaining the US12 gene family.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ceri A. Fielding
- Section of Medical Microbiology, Institute of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca Aicheler
- Section of Medical Microbiology, Institute of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Richard J. Stanton
- Section of Medical Microbiology, Institute of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Eddie C. Y. Wang
- Section of Medical Microbiology, Institute of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Song Han
- Section of Medical Microbiology, Institute of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Sepehr Seirafian
- Section of Medical Microbiology, Institute of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - James Davies
- Section of Medical Microbiology, Institute of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Brian P. McSharry
- Section of Medical Microbiology, Institute of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Michael P. Weekes
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research (CIMR), Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - P. Robin Antrobus
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research (CIMR), Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Virginie Prod'homme
- Section of Medical Microbiology, Institute of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Fabien P. Blanchet
- Section of Medical Microbiology, Institute of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Sugrue
- Section of Medical Microbiology, Institute of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Simone Cuff
- Section of Medical Microbiology, Institute of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Dawn Roberts
- Section of Medical Microbiology, Institute of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew J. Davison
- MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Paul J. Lehner
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research (CIMR), Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Gavin W. G. Wilkinson
- Section of Medical Microbiology, Institute of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Peter Tomasec
- Section of Medical Microbiology, Institute of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Sathe A, Patgaonkar MS, Bashir T, Reddy KVR. MicroRNA let-7f: a novel regulator of innate immune response in human endocervical cells. Am J Reprod Immunol 2014; 71:137-53. [PMID: 24405266 DOI: 10.1111/aji.12165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2013] [Accepted: 09/08/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM Endocervical epithelial cells express pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that aid in innate immune responses. Mechanisms regulating signaling of PRRs are poorly understood. METHODS OF STUDY Endocervical cells (End1/E6E7) were treated with ligands of TLR9 and RIG-I once or after pre-stimulation with same ligand. Cytokine responses were determined by ELISA. Differential gene expression was analyzed by microarray. Differentially expressed genes were validated by qPCR /Western blot. Role of let-7f was studied by inhibition and over-expression studies using commercial inhibitors and let-7f encoding plasmids, respectively. RESULTS Single stimulation of cells with TLR9 ligand, but not RIG-I ligand, induced tolerance to subsequent challenge to the same ligand. Stimulation with TLR9 decreased let-7f and increased its target Blimp-1. Conversely, RIG-I stimulation increased let-7f and decreased Blimp-1 expression. Inhibition and over-expression revealed let-7f is involved in induction of immune tolerance. CONCLUSION We identify let-7f as a novel regulator of PRR signaling in endocervical cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ameya Sathe
- Division of Molecular Immunology and Microbiology (MIM), National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health (ICMR), Mumbai, India
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|