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Akhter A, Moliva JI, Azad AK, Olmo-Fontánez A, Garcia-Vilanova A, Scordo JM, Gavrilin MA, Diaz PT, Endsley JJ, Weintraub ST, Schlesinger LS, Wewers MD, Torrelles JB. HIV infection impairs the host response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection by altering surfactant protein D function in the human lung alveolar mucosa. Mucosal Immunol 2024; 17:461-475. [PMID: 38184074 DOI: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2023.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Tuberculosis is the leading cause of death for people living with HIV (PLWH). We hypothesized that altered functions of innate immune components in the human alveolar lining fluid of PLWH (HIV-ALF) drive susceptibility to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) infection. Our results indicate a significant increase in oxidation of innate proteins and chemokine levels and significantly lower levels and function of complement components and Th1/Th2/Th17 cytokines in HIV-ALF versus control-ALF (non-HIV-infected people). We further found a deficiency of surfactant protein D (SP-D) and reduced binding of SP-D to M.tb that had been exposed to HIV-ALF. Primary human macrophages infected with M.tb exposed to HIV-ALF were significantly less capable of controlling the infection, which was reversed by SP-D replenishment in HIV-ALF. Thus, based on the limited number of participants in this study, our data suggest that PLWH without antiretroviral therapy (ART) have declining host innate defense function in their lung mucosa, thereby favoring M.tb and potentially other pulmonary infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anwari Akhter
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA.
| | - Juan I Moliva
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Abul K Azad
- Host Pathogen Interactions Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Angélica Olmo-Fontánez
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA; Integrated Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, TX, USA
| | | | - Julia M Scordo
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Mikhail A Gavrilin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine Division, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Phillip T Diaz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine Division, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Janice J Endsley
- Departments of Microbiology & Immunology and Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch Health, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Susan T Weintraub
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Larry S Schlesinger
- Host Pathogen Interactions Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Mark D Wewers
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine Division, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jordi B Torrelles
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA; International Center for the Advancement of Research and Education (I•CARE), Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA.
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2
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Kruckow KL, Murray E, Shayhidin E, Rosenberg AF, Bowdish DME, Orihuela CJ. Chronic TNF exposure induces glucocorticoid-like immunosuppression in the alveolar macrophages of aged mice that enhances their susceptibility to pneumonia. Aging Cell 2024; 23:e14133. [PMID: 38459711 DOI: 10.1111/acel.14133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic low-grade inflammation, particularly elevated tumor necrosis factor (TNF) levels, occurs due to advanced age and is associated with greater susceptibility to infection. One reason for this is age-dependent macrophage dysfunction (ADMD). Herein, we use the adoptive transfer of alveolar macrophages (AM) from aged mice into the airway of young mice to show that inherent age-related defects in AM were sufficient to increase the susceptibility to Streptococcus pneumoniae, a Gram-positive bacterium and the leading cause of community-acquired pneumonia. MAPK phosphorylation arrays using AM lysates from young and aged wild-type (WT) and TNF knockout (KO) mice revealed multilevel TNF-mediated suppression of kinase activity in aged mice. RNAseq analyses of AM validated the suppression of MAPK signaling as a consequence of TNF during aging. Two regulatory phosphatases that suppress MAPK signaling, Dusp1 and Ptprs, were confirmed to be upregulated with age and as a result of TNF exposure both ex vivo and in vitro. Dusp1 is known to be responsible for glucocorticoid-mediated immune suppression, and dexamethasone treatment increased Dusp1 and Ptprs expression in cells and recapitulated the ADMD phenotype. In young mice, treatment with dexamethasone increased the levels of Dusp1 and Ptprs and their susceptibility to infection. TNF-neutralizing antibody reduced Dusp1 and Ptprs levels in AM from aged mice and reduced pneumonia severity following bacterial challenge. We conclude that chronic exposure to TNF increases the expression of the glucocorticoid-associated MAPK signaling suppressors, Dusp1 and Ptprs, which inhibits AM activation and increases susceptibility to bacterial pneumonia in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine L Kruckow
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Elizabeth Murray
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Elnur Shayhidin
- Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- The M.G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alexander F Rosenberg
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
- Informatics Institute, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Dawn M E Bowdish
- Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- The M.G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Carlos J Orihuela
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
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Lim PN, Cervantes MM, Pham LK, Doherty S, Tufts A, Dubey D, Mai D, Aderem A, Diercks AH, Rothchild AC. Absence of c-Maf and IL-10 enables Type I IFN enhancement of innate responses to low-dose LPS in alveolar macrophages. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.22.594428. [PMID: 38826239 PMCID: PMC11142172 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.22.594428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Alveolar macrophages (AMs) are lower-airway resident myeloid cells and are among the first to respond to inhaled pathogens. Here, we interrogate AM innate sensing to Pathogen Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPs) and determine AMs have decreased responses to low-dose LPS compared to other macrophages, as measured by TNF, IL-6, Ifnb, and Ifit3. We find the reduced response to low-dose LPS correlates with minimal TLR4 and CD14 surface expression, despite sufficient internal expression of TLR4. Additionally, we find that AMs do not produce IL-10 in response to a variety of PAMPs due to low expression of transcription factor c-Maf and that lack of IL-10 production contributes to an enhancement of pro-inflammatory responses by Type I IFN. Our findings demonstrate that AMs have cell-intrinsic dampened responses to LPS, which is enhanced by type I IFN exposure. These data implicate conditions where AMs may have reduced or enhanced sentinel responses to bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamelia N. Lim
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003
- Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003
| | - Maritza M. Cervantes
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003
| | - Linh K. Pham
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003
- Graduate Program in Animal Biotechnology & Biomedical Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003
| | - Sydney Doherty
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003
| | - Ankita Tufts
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003
| | - Divya Dubey
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003
- Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003
| | - Dat Mai
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98019
| | - Alan Aderem
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98019
| | - Alan H. Diercks
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98019
| | - Alissa C. Rothchild
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003
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Zhu Y, Choi D, Somanath PR, Zhang D. Lipid-Laden Macrophages in Pulmonary Diseases. Cells 2024; 13:889. [PMID: 38891022 PMCID: PMC11171561 DOI: 10.3390/cells13110889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary surfactants play a crucial role in managing lung lipid metabolism, and dysregulation of this process is evident in various lung diseases. Alternations in lipid metabolism lead to pulmonary surfactant damage, resulting in hyperlipidemia in response to lung injury. Lung macrophages are responsible for recycling damaged lipid droplets to maintain lipid homeostasis. The inflammatory response triggered by external stimuli such as cigarette smoke, bleomycin, and bacteria can interfere with this process, resulting in the formation of lipid-laden macrophages (LLMs), also known as foamy macrophages. Recent studies have highlighted the potential significance of LLM formation in a range of pulmonary diseases. Furthermore, growing evidence suggests that LLMs are present in patients suffering from various pulmonary conditions. In this review, we summarize the essential metabolic and signaling pathways driving the LLM formation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pulmonary fibrosis, tuberculosis, and acute lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Zhu
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912, USA (D.C.)
- Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Dooyoung Choi
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912, USA (D.C.)
| | - Payaningal R. Somanath
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912, USA (D.C.)
- Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Duo Zhang
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912, USA (D.C.)
- Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
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Xu Z, Li X, Xia A, Zhang Z, Wan J, Gao Y, Meng C, Chen X, Jiao XA. Activation dynamics of antigen presenting cells in vivo against Mycobacterium bovis BCG in different immunized route. BMC Immunol 2023; 24:48. [PMID: 38012553 PMCID: PMC10683112 DOI: 10.1186/s12865-023-00589-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Control of Tuberculosis (TB) infection is mainly the result of productive teamwork between T-cell populations and antigen presenting cells (APCs). However, APCs activation at the site of initiating cellular immune response during BCG early infection is not completely understood. METHODS In this study, we injected C57BL/6 mice in intravenous (i.v) or subcutaneous (s.c) route, then splenic or inguinal lymph node (LN) DCs and MΦs were sorted, and mycobacteria uptake, cytokine production, antigen presentation activity, and cell phenotype were investigated and compared, respectively. RESULTS Ag85A-specific T-cell immune response began at 6 days post BCG infection, when BCG was delivered in s.c route, Th17 immune response could be induced in inguinal LN. BCG could induce high level of activation phenotype in inguinal LN MΦs, while the MHC II presentation of mycobacteria-derived peptides by DCs was more efficient than MΦs. CONCLUSIONS The results showed that BCG immunized route can decide the main tissue of T-cell immune response. Compared with s.c injected route, APCs undergo more rapid cell activation in spleen post BCG i.v infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengzhong Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, No. 48 Wenhui East Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Xin Li
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Aihong Xia
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, No. 48 Wenhui East Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China
| | - Zhifang Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, No. 48 Wenhui East Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China
| | - Jiaxu Wan
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Yan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Chuang Meng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, No. 48 Wenhui East Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, No. 48 Wenhui East Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China.
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
| | - Xin-An Jiao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, No. 48 Wenhui East Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China.
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
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Allué-Guardia A, Torrelles JB, Sigal A. Tuberculosis and COVID-19 in the elderly: factors driving a higher burden of disease. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1250198. [PMID: 37841265 PMCID: PMC10569613 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1250198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) and SARS-CoV-2 are both infections that can lead to severe disease in the lower lung. However, these two infections are caused by very different pathogens (Mycobacterium vs. virus), they have different mechanisms of pathogenesis and immune response, and differ in how long the infection lasts. Despite the differences, SARS-CoV-2 and M.tb share a common feature, which is also frequently observed in other respiratory infections: the burden of disease in the elderly is greater. Here, we discuss possible reasons for the higher burden in older adults, including the effect of co-morbidities, deterioration of the lung environment, auto-immunity, and a reduced antibody response. While the answer is likely to be multifactorial, understanding the main drivers across different infections may allow us to design broader interventions that increase the health-span of older people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Allué-Guardia
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Jordi B. Torrelles
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States
- International Center for the Advancement of Research and Education (I•CARE), Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Alex Sigal
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa
- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa, Durban, South Africa
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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7
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Pahari S, Arnett E, Simper J, Azad A, Guerrero-Arguero I, Ye C, Zhang H, Cai H, Wang Y, Lai Z, Jarvis N, Lumbreras M, Maselli DJ, Peters J, Torrelles JB, Martinez-Sobrido L, Schlesinger LS. A new tractable method for generating human alveolar macrophage-like cells in vitro to study lung inflammatory processes and diseases. mBio 2023; 14:e0083423. [PMID: 37288969 PMCID: PMC10470505 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00834-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Alveolar macrophages (AMs) are unique lung resident cells that contact airborne pathogens and environmental particulates. The contribution of human AMs (HAMs) to pulmonary diseases remains poorly understood due to the difficulty in accessing them from human donors and their rapid phenotypic change during in vitro culture. Thus, there remains an unmet need for cost-effective methods for generating and/or differentiating primary cells into a HAM phenotype, particularly important for translational and clinical studies. We developed cell culture conditions that mimic the lung alveolar environment in humans using lung lipids, that is, Infasurf (calfactant, natural bovine surfactant) and lung-associated cytokines (granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor, transforming growth factor-β, and interleukin 10) that facilitate the conversion of blood-obtained monocytes to an AM-like (AML) phenotype and function in tissue culture. Similar to HAM, AML cells are particularly susceptible to both Mycobacterium tuberculosis and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections. This study reveals the importance of alveolar space components in the development and maintenance of HAM phenotype and function and provides a readily accessible model to study HAM in infectious and inflammatory disease processes, as well as therapies and vaccines. IMPORTANCE Millions die annually from respiratory disorders. Lower respiratory track gas-exchanging alveoli maintain a precarious balance between fighting invaders and minimizing tissue damage. Key players herein are resident AMs. However, there are no easily accessible in vitro models of HAMs, presenting a huge scientific challenge. Here, we present a novel model for generating AML cells based on differentiating blood monocytes in a defined lung component cocktail. This model is non-invasive, significantly less costly than performing a bronchoalveolar lavage, yields more AML cells than HAMs per donor, and retains their phenotype in culture. We have applied this model to early studies of M. tuberculosis and SARS-CoV-2. This model will significantly advance respiratory biology research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanta Pahari
- Host Pathogen Interactions and Population Health Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Eusondia Arnett
- Host Pathogen Interactions and Population Health Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Jan Simper
- Host Pathogen Interactions and Population Health Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
- Department of Molecular Immunology and Microbiology, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Abul Azad
- Host Pathogen Interactions and Population Health Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Israel Guerrero-Arguero
- Host Pathogen Interactions and Population Health Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Chengjin Ye
- Host Pathogen Interactions and Population Health Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Hong Cai
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Yufeng Wang
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Zhao Lai
- Department of Molecular Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Natalie Jarvis
- Host Pathogen Interactions and Population Health Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
- Department of Molecular Immunology and Microbiology, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Miranda Lumbreras
- Host Pathogen Interactions and Population Health Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Diego Jose Maselli
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Jay Peters
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Jordi B. Torrelles
- Host Pathogen Interactions and Population Health Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Luis Martinez-Sobrido
- Host Pathogen Interactions and Population Health Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Larry S. Schlesinger
- Host Pathogen Interactions and Population Health Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
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8
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Kumar N, Pestrak MJ, Wu Q, Ahumada OS, Dellos-Nolan S, Saljoughian N, Shukla RK, Mitchem CF, Nagareddy PR, Ganesan LP, William LP, Wozniak DJ, Rajaram MVS. Pseudomonas aeruginosa pulmonary infection results in S100A8/A9-dependent cardiac dysfunction. PLoS Pathog 2023; 19:e1011573. [PMID: 37624851 PMCID: PMC10484443 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P.a.) infection accounts for nearly 20% of all cases of hospital acquired pneumonia with mortality rates >30%. P.a. infection induces a robust inflammatory response, which ideally enhances bacterial clearance. Unfortunately, excessive inflammation can also have negative effects, and often leads to cardiac dysfunction with associated morbidity and mortality. However, it remains unclear how P.a. lung infection causes cardiac dysfunction. Using a murine pneumonia model, we found that P.a. infection of the lungs led to severe cardiac left ventricular dysfunction and electrical abnormalities. More specifically, we found that neutrophil recruitment and release of S100A8/A9 in the lungs activates the TLR4/RAGE signaling pathways, which in turn enhance systemic inflammation and subsequent cardiac dysfunction. Paradoxically, global deletion of S100A8/A9 did not improve but aggravated cardiac dysfunction and mortality likely due to uncontrolled bacterial burden in the lungs and heart. Our results indicate that P.a. infection induced release of S100A8/9 is double-edged, providing increased risk for cardiac dysfunction yet limiting P.a. growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naresh Kumar
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Matthew J. Pestrak
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Qian Wu
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Omar Santiagonunez Ahumada
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Sheri Dellos-Nolan
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Noushin Saljoughian
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Rajni Kant Shukla
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Cortney F. Mitchem
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Prabhakara R. Nagareddy
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Latha P. Ganesan
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Lafuse P. William
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Daniel J. Wozniak
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Murugesan V. S. Rajaram
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
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9
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Wu Y, Hu SS, Zhang R, Goplen NP, Gao X, Narasimhan H, Shi A, Chen Y, Li Y, Zang C, Dong H, Braciale TJ, Zhu B, Sun J. Single cell RNA sequencing unravels mechanisms underlying senescence-like phenotypes of alveolar macrophages. iScience 2023; 26:107197. [PMID: 37456831 PMCID: PMC10344965 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Alveolar macrophages (AMs) are resident innate immune cells that play vital roles in maintaining lung physiological functions. However, the effects of aging on their dynamics, heterogeneity, and transcriptional profiles remain to be fully elucidated. Through single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), we identified CBFβ as an indispensable transcription factor that ensures AM self-renewal. Intriguingly, despite transcriptome similarities of proliferating cells, AMs from aged mice exhibited reduced embryonic stem cell-like features. Aged AMs also displayed compromised DNA repair abilities, potentially leading to obstructed cell cycle progression and an elevation of senescence markers. Consistently, AMs from aged mice exhibited impaired self-renewal ability and reduced sensitivity to GM-CSF. Decreased CBFβ was observed in the cytosol of AMs from aged mice. Similar senescence-like phenotypes were also found in human AMs. Taken together, these findings suggest that AMs in aged hosts demonstrate senescence-like phenotypes, potentially facilitated by the abrogated CBF β activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wu
- Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Mayo Clinic Department of Immunology, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Shengen Shawn Hu
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Ruixuan Zhang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Division of Infectious Disease and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Nick P. Goplen
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Xiaochen Gao
- Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Mayo Clinic Department of Immunology, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Harish Narasimhan
- Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Division of Infectious Disease and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Ao Shi
- Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Yin Chen
- Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Mayo Clinic Department of Immunology, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Ying Li
- Division of Computational Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Chongzhi Zang
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- UVA Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Haidong Dong
- Mayo Clinic Department of Immunology, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Thomas J. Braciale
- Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Division of Infectious Disease and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Bibo Zhu
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Division of Infectious Disease and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Jie Sun
- Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Mayo Clinic Department of Immunology, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Division of Infectious Disease and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
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10
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Bertolini M, Clark D. Periodontal disease as a model to study chronic inflammation in aging. GeroScience 2023:10.1007/s11357-023-00835-0. [PMID: 37285008 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00835-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory condition that results in the destruction of the teeth supporting tissues, eventually leading to the loss of teeth and reduced quality of life. In severe cases, periodontal disease can limit proper nutritional intake, cause acute pain and infection, and cause a withdrawal from social situations due to esthetic and phonetic concerns. Similar to other chronic inflammatory conditions, periodontal disease increases in prevalence with age. Research into what drives periodontal disease pathogenesis in older adults is contributing to our general understanding of age-related chronic inflammation. This review will present periodontal disease as an age-related chronic inflammatory disease and as an effective geroscience model to study mechanisms of age-related inflammatory dysregulation. The current understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms that drive inflammatory dysregulation as a function of age will be discussed with a focus on the major pathogenic immune cells in periodontal disease, which include neutrophils, macrophages, and T cells. Research in the aging biology field has shown that the age-related changes in these immune cells result in the cells becoming less effective in the clearance of microbial pathogens, expansion of pathogenic subpopulations, or an increase in pro-inflammatory cytokine secretions. Such changes can be pathogenic and contribute to inflammatory dysregulation that is associated with a myriad of age-related disease including periodontal disease. An improved understanding is needed to develop better interventions that target the molecules or pathways that are perturbed with age in order to improve treatment of chronic inflammatory conditions, including periodontal disease, in older adult populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martinna Bertolini
- Department of Periodontics and Preventive Dentistry, University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Daniel Clark
- Department of Periodontics and Preventive Dentistry, University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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11
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Pahari S, Arnett E, Simper J, Azad A, Guerrero-Arguero I, Ye C, Zhang H, Cai H, Wang Y, Lai Z, Jarvis N, Lumbreras M, Maselli-Caceres DJ, Peters J, Torrelles JB, Martinez-Sobrido L, Schlesinger LS. A new tractable method for generating Human Alveolar Macrophage Like cells in vitro to study lung inflammatory processes and diseases. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.04.05.535806. [PMID: 37066199 PMCID: PMC10104118 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.05.535806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Alveolar macrophages (AMs) are unique lung resident cells that contact airborne pathogens and environmental particulates. The contribution of human AMs (HAM) to pulmonary diseases remains poorly understood due to difficulty in accessing them from human donors and their rapid phenotypic change during in vitro culture. Thus, there remains an unmet need for cost-effective methods for generating and/or differentiating primary cells into a HAM phenotype, particularly important for translational and clinical studies. We developed cell culture conditions that mimic the lung alveolar environment in humans using lung lipids, i.e. , Infasurf (calfactant, natural bovine surfactant) and lung-associated cytokines (GM-CSF, TGF-β, and IL-10) that facilitate the conversion of blood-obtained monocytes to an AM-Like (AML) phenotype and function in tissue culture. Similar to HAM, AML cells are particularly susceptible to both Mycobacterium tuberculosis and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections. This study reveals the importance of alveolar space components in the development and maintenance of HAM phenotype and function, and provides a readily accessible model to study HAM in infectious and inflammatory disease processes, as well as therapies and vaccines. IMPORTANCE Millions die annually from respiratory disorders. Lower respiratory track gas-exchanging alveoli maintain a precarious balance between fighting invaders and minimizing tissue damage. Key players herein are resident AMs. However, there are no easily accessible in vitro models of HAMs, presenting a huge scientific challenge. Here we present a novel model for generating AML cells based on differentiating blood monocytes in a defined lung component cocktail. This model is non-invasive, significantly less costly than performing a bronchoalveolar lavage, yields more AML cells than HAMs per donor and retains their phenotype in culture. We have applied this model to early studies of M. tuberculosis and SARS-CoV-2. This model will significantly advance respiratory biology research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanta Pahari
- Host Pathogen Interactions and Population Health programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Eusondia Arnett
- Host Pathogen Interactions and Population Health programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Jan Simper
- Host Pathogen Interactions and Population Health programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular Immunology and Microbiology, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Abul Azad
- Host Pathogen Interactions and Population Health programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Israel Guerrero-Arguero
- Host Pathogen Interactions and Population Health programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Chengjin Ye
- Host Pathogen Interactions and Population Health programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious diseases, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Hong Cai
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious diseases, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Yufeng Wang
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious diseases, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Zhao Lai
- Department of Molecular Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Natalie Jarvis
- Host Pathogen Interactions and Population Health programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Department of Molecular Immunology and Microbiology, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Miranda Lumbreras
- Host Pathogen Interactions and Population Health programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | | | - Jay Peters
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78207
| | - Jordi B Torrelles
- Host Pathogen Interactions and Population Health programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Luis Martinez-Sobrido
- Host Pathogen Interactions and Population Health programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Larry S Schlesinger
- Host Pathogen Interactions and Population Health programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
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12
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Pathogenesis, Diagnostic Challenges, and Risk Factors of Pott's Disease. Clin Pract 2023; 13:155-165. [PMID: 36826156 PMCID: PMC9955044 DOI: 10.3390/clinpract13010014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) prevalence is increasing in developed nations and continuing to cause significant mortality in low- and middle-income countries. As a result of the uptick in cases, there also exists an increased prevalence of extrapulmonary TB. TB is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb). When M. tb disseminates to the vertebral column, it is called Pott's disease or spinal TB. The frequency, symptoms, and severity of the disease range by the location of the spine and the region of the affected vertebrae. While the current literature shows that timely diagnosis is crucial to reduce the morbidity and mortality from Pott's disease, there is a lack of specific clinical diagnostic criteria for Pott's disease, and the symptoms may be very non-specific. Studies have shown that novel molecular diagnostic methods are effective and timely choices. Research has implicated the risk factors for the susceptibility and severity of Pott's disease, such as HIV and immunosuppression, poverty, and malnutrition. Based on the current literature available, our group aims to summarize the pathogenesis, clinical features, diagnostic challenges, as well as the known risk factors for Pott's disease within this literature review.
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13
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Mouse Models for Mycobacterium tuberculosis Pathogenesis: Show and Do Not Tell. Pathogens 2022; 12:pathogens12010049. [PMID: 36678397 PMCID: PMC9865329 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12010049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Science has been taking profit from animal models since the first translational experiments back in ancient Greece. From there, and across all history, several remarkable findings have been obtained using animal models. One of the most popular models, especially for research in infectious diseases, is the mouse. Regarding research in tuberculosis, the mouse has provided useful information about host and bacterial traits related to susceptibility to the infection. The effect of aging, sexual dimorphisms, the route of infection, genetic differences between mice lineages and unbalanced immunity scenarios upon Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and tuberculosis development has helped, helps and will help biomedical researchers in the design of new tools for diagnosis, treatment and prevention of tuberculosis, despite various discrepancies and the lack of deep study in some areas of these traits.
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14
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Chandra P, Grigsby SJ, Philips JA. Immune evasion and provocation by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Nat Rev Microbiol 2022; 20:750-766. [PMID: 35879556 PMCID: PMC9310001 DOI: 10.1038/s41579-022-00763-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of tuberculosis, has infected humans for millennia. M. tuberculosis is well adapted to establish infection, persist in the face of the host immune response and be transmitted to uninfected individuals. Its ability to complete this infection cycle depends on it both evading and taking advantage of host immune responses. The outcome of M. tuberculosis infection is often a state of equilibrium characterized by immunological control and bacterial persistence. Recent data have highlighted the diverse cell populations that respond to M. tuberculosis infection and the dynamic changes in the cellular and intracellular niches of M. tuberculosis during the course of infection. M. tuberculosis possesses an arsenal of protein and lipid effectors that influence macrophage functions and inflammatory responses; however, our understanding of the role that specific bacterial virulence factors play in the context of diverse cellular reservoirs and distinct infection stages is limited. In this Review, we discuss immune evasion and provocation by M. tuberculosis during its infection cycle and describe how a more detailed molecular understanding is crucial to enable the development of novel host-directed therapies, disease biomarkers and effective vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi Chandra
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Steven J Grigsby
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jennifer A Philips
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA.
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA.
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15
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Vellasamy DM, Lee SJ, Goh KW, Goh BH, Tang YQ, Ming LC, Yap WH. Targeting Immune Senescence in Atherosclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13059. [PMID: 36361845 PMCID: PMC9658319 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is one of the main underlying causes of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). It is associated with chronic inflammation and intimal thickening as well as the involvement of multiple cell types including immune cells. The engagement of innate or adaptive immune response has either athero-protective or atherogenic properties in exacerbating or alleviating atherosclerosis. In atherosclerosis, the mechanism of action of immune cells, particularly monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, and B- and T-lymphocytes have been discussed. Immuno-senescence is associated with aging, viral infections, genetic predispositions, and hyperlipidemia, which contribute to atherosclerosis. Immune senescent cells secrete SASP that delays or accelerates atherosclerosis plaque growth and associated pathologies such as aneurysms and coronary artery disease. Senescent cells undergo cell cycle arrest, morphological changes, and phenotypic changes in terms of their abundances and secretome profile including cytokines, chemokines, matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) and Toll-like receptors (TLRs) expressions. The senescence markers are used in therapeutics and currently, senolytics represent one of the emerging treatments where specific targets and clearance of senescent cells are being considered as therapy targets for the prevention or treatment of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danusha Michelle Vellasamy
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Taylor’s University, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia
| | - Sin-Jye Lee
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Taylor’s University, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia
| | - Khang Wen Goh
- Faculty of Data Science and Information Technology, INTI International University, Nilai 71800, Malaysia
| | - Bey-Hing Goh
- Biofunctional Molecule Exploratory (BMEX) Research Group, School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yin-Quan Tang
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Taylor’s University, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia
- Centre for Drug Discovery and Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Taylor’s University, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia
| | - Long Chiau Ming
- PAP Rashidah Sa’adatul Bolkiah Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong BE1410, Brunei
| | - Wei Hsum Yap
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Taylor’s University, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia
- Centre for Drug Discovery and Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Taylor’s University, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia
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16
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Poole JA, Gaurav R, Schwab A, Nelson AJ, Gleason A, Romberger DJ, Wyatt TA. Post-endotoxin exposure-induced lung inflammation and resolution consequences beneficially impacted by lung-delivered IL-10 therapy. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17338. [PMID: 36243830 PMCID: PMC9569365 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22346-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Although lung diseases typically result from long-term exposures, even a robust, one-time exposure can result in long-lasting consequences. Endotoxin is a ubiquitous environmental/occupational inflammatory agent often used to model airway inflammation. Using a murine model, the return to lung homeostasis following high dose inhalant lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 10-100 μg) exposure were delineated over 2 weeks. LPS-induced rapid weight loss, release of proinflammatory mediators, and inflammatory cell influx with prolonged persistence of activated macrophages CD11c+CD11b+ and recruited/transitioning CD11cintCD11b+ monocyte-macrophages out to 2 weeks. Next, lung-delivered recombinant (r) interleukin (IL)-10 was intratracheally administered for 3 doses initiated 5 h following LPS (10 μg) exposure for 2 days. IL-10 therapy reduced LPS-induced weight loss and increased blood glucose levels. Whereas there was no difference in LPS-induced bronchoalveolar lavage airway fluid cellular influx, total lung cell infiltrates were reduced (37%) with rIL-10 treatment. Post-LPS exposure treatment with rIL-10 strikingly reduced lavage fluid and lung homogenate levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (88% and 93% reduction, respectively), IL-6 (98% and 94% reduction), CXCL1 (66% and 75% reduction), and CXCL2 (47% and 67% reduction). LPS-induced recruited monocyte-macrophages (CD11cintCD11b+) were reduced (68%) with rIL-10. Correspondingly, LPS-induced lung tissue CCR2+ inflammatory monocyte-macrophage were reduced with rIL-10. There were also reductions in LPS-induced lung neutrophils, lymphocyte subpopulations, collagen content, and vimentin expression. These findings support the importance of studying resolution processes for the development of treatment after unintended environmental/occupational biohazard exposures. Short-term, lung-delivered rIL-10 favorably hastened inflammatory recovery processes following acute, high dose inhalant LPS exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill A. Poole
- grid.266813.80000 0001 0666 4105Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE USA
| | - Rohit Gaurav
- grid.266813.80000 0001 0666 4105Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE USA
| | - Aaron Schwab
- grid.266813.80000 0001 0666 4105Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE USA
| | - Amy J. Nelson
- grid.266813.80000 0001 0666 4105Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE USA
| | - Angela Gleason
- grid.266813.80000 0001 0666 4105Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE USA
| | - Debra J. Romberger
- grid.266813.80000 0001 0666 4105Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE USA ,grid.413785.cVeterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Research Service, Omaha, NE USA
| | - Todd A. Wyatt
- grid.266813.80000 0001 0666 4105Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE USA ,grid.413785.cVeterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Research Service, Omaha, NE USA ,grid.266813.80000 0001 0666 4105Department of Environmental, Agricultural and Occupational Health, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE USA
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17
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Olmo-Fontánez AM, Turner J. Tuberculosis in an Aging World. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11101101. [PMID: 36297158 PMCID: PMC9611089 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11101101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the leading causes of death due to its being an infectious disease, caused by the airborne pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb). Approximately one-fourth of the world’s population is infected with latent M.tb, and TB is considered a global threat killing over 4000 people every day. The risk of TB susceptibility and mortality is significantly increased in individuals aged 65 and older, confirming that the elderly represent one of the largest reservoirs for M.tb infection. The elderly population faces many challenges that increase their risk of developing respiratory diseases, including TB. The challenges the elderly face in this regard include the following: decreased lung function, immuno-senescence, inflammaging, adverse drug effects, low tolerance to anti-TB drugs, lack of suitable diagnoses/interventions, and age-associated comorbidities. In order to find new therapeutic strategies to maintain lung homeostasis and resistance to respiratory infections as we age, it is necessary to understand the molecular and cellular mechanisms behind natural lung aging. This review focuses primarily on why the elderly are more susceptible to TB disease and death, with a focus on pulmonary function and comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angélica M. Olmo-Fontánez
- Host Pathogen Interactions and Population Health Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227, USA
- Integrated Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Joanne Turner
- Host Pathogen Interactions and Population Health Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227, USA
- Correspondence:
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18
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Preexisting Heterogeneity of Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Expression Drives Differential Growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Macrophages. mBio 2022; 13:e0225122. [PMID: 36121153 PMCID: PMC9600446 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.02251-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection is initiated by the inhalation and implantation of bacteria in the lung alveoli, where they are phagocytosed by macrophages. Even a single bacterium may be sufficient to initiate infection. Thereafter, the clinical outcome is highly variable between individuals, ranging from sterilization to active disease, for reasons that are not well understood. Here, we show that the rate of intracellular bacterial growth varies markedly between individual macrophages, and this heterogeneity is driven by cell-to-cell variation of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) activity. At the single-cell level, iNOS expression fluctuates over time, independent of infection or activation with gamma interferon. We conclude that chance encounters between individual bacteria and host cells randomly expressing different levels of an antibacterial gene can determine the outcome of single-cell infections, which may explain why some exposed individuals clear the bacteria while others develop progressive disease. IMPORTANCE In this report, we demonstrate that fluctuations in the expression of antimicrobial genes can define how single host cells control bacterial infections. We show that preexisting cell-to-cell variation in the expression of a single gene, that for inducible nitric oxide synthase, is sufficient to explain why some macrophages kill intracellular M. tuberculosis while others fail to control bacterial replication, possibly leading to disease progression. We introduce the concept that chance encounters between heterogeneous bacteria and host cells can determine the outcome of a host-pathogen interaction. This concept is particularly relevant for all the infectious diseases in which the number of interacting pathogens and host cells is small at some point during the infection.
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19
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Lafuse WP, Wu Q, Kumar N, Saljoughian N, Sunkum S, Ahumada OS, Turner J, Rajaram MVS. Psychological stress creates an immune suppressive environment in the lung that increases susceptibility of aged mice to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:990402. [PMID: 36189368 PMCID: PMC9523253 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.990402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Age is a major risk factor for chronic infections, including tuberculosis (TB). Elderly TB patients also suffer from elevated levels of psychological stress. It is not clear how psychological stress impacts immune response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb). In this study, we used social disruption stress (SDR) to investigate effects of psychological stress in young and old mice. Unexpectedly, we found that SDR suppresses lung inflammation in old mice as evidenced by lower pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in bronchial lavage fluid and decreased cytokine mRNA expression by alveolar macrophages. To investigate effects of stress on M.tb infection, mice were subjected to SDR and then infected with M.tb. As previously reported, old mice were better at controlling infection at 30 days than young mice. This control was transient as CFUs at 60 days were higher in old control mice compared to young mice. Consistently, SDR significantly increased M.tb growth at 60 days in old mice compared to young mice. In addition, SDR in old mice resulted in accumulation of IL-10 mRNA and decreased IFN-γ mRNA at 60 days. Also, confocal microscopy of lung sections from old SDR mice showed increased number of CD4 T cells which express LAG3 and CD49b, markers of IL-10 secreting regulatory T cells. Further, we also demonstrated that CD4 T cells from old SDR mice express IL-10. Thus, we conclude that psychological stress in old mice prior to infection, increases differentiation of IL-10 secreting T cells, which over time results in loss of control of the infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- William P. Lafuse
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States,*Correspondence: William P. Lafuse, ; Murugesan V. S. Rajaram,
| | - Qian Wu
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Naresh Kumar
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Noushin Saljoughian
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Shrayes Sunkum
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | | | - Joanne Turner
- Host Pathogen Interactions Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Murugesan V. S. Rajaram
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States,*Correspondence: William P. Lafuse, ; Murugesan V. S. Rajaram,
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20
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Aegerter H, Lambrecht BN, Jakubzick CV. Biology of lung macrophages in health and disease. Immunity 2022; 55:1564-1580. [PMID: 36103853 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2022.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 70.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Tissue-resident alveolar and interstitial macrophages and recruited macrophages are critical players in innate immunity and maintenance of lung homeostasis. Until recently, assessing the differential functional contributions of tissue-resident versus recruited macrophages has been challenging because they share overlapping cell surface markers, making it difficult to separate them using conventional methods. This review describes how scRNA-seq and spatial transcriptomics can separate these subpopulations and help unravel the complexity of macrophage biology in homeostasis and disease. First, we provide a guide to identifying and distinguishing lung macrophages from other mononuclear phagocytes in humans and mice. Second, we outline emerging concepts related to the development and function of the various lung macrophages in the alveolar, perivascular, and interstitial niches. Finally, we describe how different tissue states profoundly alter their functions, including acute and chronic lung disease, cancer, and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Aegerter
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Mucosal Immunology, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bart N Lambrecht
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Mucosal Immunology, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Pulmonary Medicine, ErasmusMC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Claudia V Jakubzick
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dartmouth Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, NH, USA.
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21
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Zha BS, Desvignes L, Fergus TJ, Cornelius A, Cheng TY, Moody DB, Ernst JD. Bacterial Strain-Dependent Dissociation of Cell Recruitment and Cell-to-Cell Spread in Early M. tuberculosis Infection. mBio 2022; 13:e0133222. [PMID: 35695454 PMCID: PMC9239178 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01332-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In the initial stage of respiratory infection, Mycobacterium tuberculosis traverses from alveolar macrophages to phenotypically diverse monocyte-derived phagocytes and neutrophils in the lung parenchyma. Here, we compare the in vivo kinetics of early bacterial growth and cell-to-cell spread of two strains of M. tuberculosis: a lineage 2 strain, 4334, and the widely studied lineage 4 strain H37Rv. Using flow cytometry, live cell sorting of phenotypic subsets, and quantitation of bacteria in cells of the distinct subsets, we found that 4334 induces less leukocyte influx into the lungs but demonstrates earlier population expansion and cell-to-cell spread. The earlier spread of 4334 to recruited cells, including monocyte-derived dendritic cells, is accompanied by earlier and greater magnitude of CD4+ T cell activation. The results provide evidence that strain-specific differences in interactions with lung leukocytes can shape adaptive immune responses in vivo. IMPORTANCE Tuberculosis is a leading infectious disease killer worldwide and is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. After exposure to M. tuberculosis, outcomes range from apparent elimination to active disease. Early innate immune responses may contribute to differences in outcomes, yet it is not known how bacterial strains alter the early dynamics of innate immune and T cell responses. We infected mice with distinct strains of M. tuberculosis and discovered striking differences in innate cellular recruitment, cell-to-cell spread of bacteria in the lungs, and kinetics of initiation of antigen-specific CD4 T cell responses. We also found that M. tuberculosis can spread beyond alveolar macrophages even before a large influx of inflammatory cells. These results provide evidence that distinct strains of M. tuberculosis can exhibit differential kinetics in cell-to-cell spread which is not directly linked to early recruitment of phagocytes but is subsequently linked to adaptive immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Shoshana Zha
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
- Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Ludovic Desvignes
- Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Tawania J. Fergus
- Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Amber Cornelius
- Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Tan-Yun Cheng
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunity and Inflammation, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - D. Branch Moody
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunity and Inflammation, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Joel D. Ernst
- Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
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22
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Mesenchymal stem cells exert their anti-asthmatic effects through macrophage modulation in a murine chronic asthma model. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9811. [PMID: 35697721 PMCID: PMC9192777 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14027-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite numerous previous studies, the full action mechanism of the pathogenesis of asthma remains undiscovered, and the need for further investigation is increasing in order to identify more effective target molecules. Recent attempts to develop more efficacious treatments for asthma have incorporated mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based cell therapies. This study aimed to evaluate the anti-asthmatic effects of MSCs primed with Liproxstatin-1, a potent ferroptosis inhibitor. In addition, we sought to examine the changes within macrophage populations and their characteristics in asthmatic conditions. Seven-week-old transgenic mice, constitutively overexpressing lung-specific interleukin (IL)-13, were used to simulate chronic asthma. Human umbilical cord-derived MSCs (hUC-MSCs) primed with Liproxstatin-1 were intratracheally administered four days prior to sampling. IL-13 transgenic mice demonstrated phenotypes of chronic asthma, including severe inflammation, goblet cell hyperplasia, and subepithelial fibrosis. Ly6C+M2 macrophages, found within the pro-inflammatory CD11c+CD11b+ macrophages, were upregulated and showed a strong correlation with lung eosinophil counts. Liproxstatin-1-primed hUC-MSCs showed enhanced ability to downregulate the activation of T helper type 2 cells compared to naïve MSCs in vitro and reduced airway inflammation, particularly Ly6C+M2 macrophages population, and fibrosis in vivo. In conclusion, intratracheal administration is an effective method of MSC delivery, and macrophages hold great potential as an additional therapeutic target for asthma.
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23
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Cassidy BR, Sonntag WE, Leenen PJM, Drevets DA. Systemic Listeria monocytogenes infection in aged mice induces long-term neuroinflammation: the role of miR-155. Immun Ageing 2022; 19:25. [PMID: 35614490 PMCID: PMC9130456 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-022-00281-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding mechanisms of pathologic neuroinflammation is essential for improving outcomes after central nervous system infections. Brain tissue-resident memory T cells (bTRM) are recruited during central nervous system infection and promote pathogen control as well as noxious inflammation. Our prior studies in young mice showed optimal recruitment of CD8+ bTRM during neuroinvasive Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) infection required miR-155, and was significantly inhibited by anti-miR-155 oligonucleotides. Since Lm is an important pathogen in the elderly, we hypothesized anti-miR-155 would also inhibit accumulation of CD8+ bTRM in aged mice infected with Lm. METHODS Young (2 mo) and aged (> 18 mo) male C57BL/6 mice were infected intra-peritoneally with wild-type Lm, or avirulent Lm mutants lacking the genes required for intracellular motility (ΔactA) or phagosomal escape (Δhly), then were given antibiotics. Brain leukocytes and their intracellular cytokine production were quantified by flow cytometry >28d post-infection (p.i.). The role of miR-155 was tested by injecting mice with anti-miR-155 or control oligonucleotides along with antibiotics. RESULTS Aged mice had significantly more homeostatic CD8+ bTRM than did young mice, which did not increase after infection with wild-type Lm despite 50% mortality, whereas young mice suffered no mortality after a larger inoculum. For direct comparison of post-infectious neuroinflammation after the same inoculum, young and aged mice were infected with 107 CFU ΔactA Lm. This mutant caused no mortality and significantly increased CD8+ bTRM 28d p.i. in both groups, whereas bone marrow-derived myeloid cells, particularly neutrophils, increased only in aged mice. Notably, anti-miR-155 reduced accumulation of brain myeloid cells in aged mice after infection, whereas CD8+ bTRM were unaffected. CONCLUSIONS Systemic infection with Lm ΔactA is a novel model for studying infection-induced brain inflammation in aged mice without excessive mortality. CD8+ bTRM increase in both young and aged mice after infection, whereas only in aged mice bone marrow-derived myeloid cells increase long-term. In aged mice, anti-miR-155 inhibits brain accumulation of myeloid cells, but not CD8+ bTRM. These results suggest young and aged mice differ in manifestations and mechanisms of infection-induced neuroinflammation and give insight for developing therapies to ameliorate brain inflammation following severe infection in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin R. Cassidy
- Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, 800 Stanton L. Young, Suite 7300, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA
| | - William E. Sonntag
- grid.266902.90000 0001 2179 3618Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK USA
| | - Pieter J. M. Leenen
- grid.5645.2000000040459992XDepartment of Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Douglas A. Drevets
- Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, 800 Stanton L. Young, Suite 7300, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA
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24
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Clark D, Radaic A, Kapila Y. Cellular Mechanisms of Inflammaging and Periodontal Disease. FRONTIERS IN DENTAL MEDICINE 2022; 3:844865. [PMID: 36540609 PMCID: PMC9762858 DOI: 10.3389/fdmed.2022.844865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased age is associated with an increased prevalence of chronic inflammatory diseases and conditions. The term inflammaging has been used to describe the age-related changes to the immune response that results in a chronic and elevated inflammatory state that contributes, in part, to the increased prevalence of disease in older adults. Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory condition that affects the periodontium and increases in prevalence with age. To better understand the mechanisms that drive inflammaging, a broad body of research has focused on the pathological age-related changes to key cellular regulators of the immune response. This review will focus on our current understanding of how certain immune cells (neutrophils, macrophages, T cells) change with age and how such changes contribute to inflammaging and more specifically to periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Clark
- Department of Periodontics and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Allan Radaic
- Orofacial Sciences Department, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Yvonne Kapila
- Orofacial Sciences Department, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, United States
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25
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Hazan G, Eubanks A, Gierasch C, Atkinson J, Fox C, Hernandez-Leyva A, Rosen AL, Kau AL, Agapov E, Alexander-Brett J, Steinberg D, Kelley D, White M, Byers D, Wu K, Keeler SP, Zhang Y, Koenitzer JR, Eiden E, Anderson N, Holtzman MJ, Haspel J. Age-Dependent Reduction in Asthmatic Pathology through Reprogramming of Postviral Inflammatory Responses. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2022; 208:1467-1482. [PMID: 35173037 PMCID: PMC8917060 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2101094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic disease of childhood, but for unknown reasons, disease activity sometimes subsides as children mature. In this study, we present clinical and animal model evidence suggesting that the age dependency of childhood asthma stems from an evolving host response to respiratory viral infection. Using clinical data, we show that societal suppression of respiratory virus transmission during coronavirus disease 2019 lockdown disrupted the traditional age gradient in pediatric asthma exacerbations, connecting the phenomenon of asthma remission to virus exposure. In mice, we show that asthmatic lung pathology triggered by Sendai virus (SeV) or influenza A virus is highly age-sensitive: robust in juvenile mice (4-6 wk old) but attenuated in mature mice (>3 mo old). Interestingly, allergen induction of the same asthmatic traits was less dependent on chronological age than viruses. Age-specific responses to SeV included a juvenile bias toward type 2 airway inflammation that emerged early in infection, whereas mature mice exhibited a more restricted bronchiolar distribution of infection that produced a distinct type 2 low inflammatory cytokine profile. In the basal state, aging produced changes to lung leukocyte burden, including the number and transcriptional landscape of alveolar macrophages (AMs). Importantly, depleting AMs in mature mice restored post-SeV pathology to juvenile levels. Thus, aging influences chronic outcomes of respiratory viral infection through regulation of the AM compartment and type 2 inflammatory responses to viruses. Our data provide insight into how asthma remission might develop in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy Hazan
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO.,Division of Pediatric Allergy and Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Anna Eubanks
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Carrie Gierasch
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Jeffrey Atkinson
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Carolyn Fox
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Ariel Hernandez-Leyva
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine and Center for Women's Infectious Disease Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Anne L Rosen
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine and Center for Women's Infectious Disease Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Andrew L Kau
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine and Center for Women's Infectious Disease Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Eugene Agapov
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Jennifer Alexander-Brett
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Deborah Steinberg
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Diane Kelley
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Michael White
- Department of Pathology/Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Derek Byers
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Kangyun Wu
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Shamus P Keeler
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Yong Zhang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Jeffrey R Koenitzer
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Elise Eiden
- Institute for Informatics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; and
| | - Neil Anderson
- Division of Laboratory and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pathology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Michael J Holtzman
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Jeffrey Haspel
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO;
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26
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Rosas Mejia O, Gloag ES, Li J, Ruane-Foster M, Claeys TA, Farkas D, Wang SH, Farkas L, Xin G, Robinson RT. Mice infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis are resistant to acute disease caused by secondary infection with SARS-CoV-2. PLoS Pathog 2022; 18:e1010093. [PMID: 35325013 PMCID: PMC8946739 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) and SARS-CoV-2 (CoV2) are the leading causes of death due to infectious disease. Although Mtb and CoV2 both cause serious and sometimes fatal respiratory infections, the effect of Mtb infection and its associated immune response on secondary infection with CoV2 is unknown. To address this question we applied two mouse models of COVID19, using mice which were chronically infected with Mtb. In both model systems, Mtb-infected mice were resistant to the pathological consequences of secondary CoV2 infection, and CoV2 infection did not affect Mtb burdens. Single cell RNA sequencing of coinfected and monoinfected lungs demonstrated the resistance of Mtb-infected mice is associated with expansion of T and B cell subsets upon viral challenge. Collectively, these data demonstrate that Mtb infection conditions the lung environment in a manner that is not conducive to CoV2 survival. Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) and SARS-CoV-2 (CoV2) are distinct organisms which both cause lung disease. We report the surprising observation that Mtb-infected mice are resistant to secondary infection with CoV2, with no impact on Mtb burden and resistance associating with lung T and B cell expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Daniela Farkas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute
| | - Shu-Hua Wang
- Department of Infectious Disease, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Laszlo Farkas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute
| | - Gang Xin
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology
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27
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Torrelles JB, Restrepo BI, Bai Y, Ross C, Schlesinger LS, Turner J. The Impact of Aging on the Lung Alveolar Environment, Predetermining Susceptibility to Respiratory Infections. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2022; 3:818700. [PMID: 35821836 PMCID: PMC9261427 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2022.818700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Respiratory infections are one of the top causes of death in the elderly population, displaying susceptibility factors with increasing age that are potentially amenable to interventions. We posit that with increasing age there are predictable tissue-specific changes that prevent the immune system from working effectively in the lung. This mini-review highlights recent evidence for altered local tissue environment factors as we age focusing on increased tissue oxidative stress with associated immune cell changes, likely driven by the byproducts of age-associated inflammatory disease. Potential intervention points are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi B. Torrelles
- Population Health and Host-Pathogen Interactions Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Blanca I. Restrepo
- School of Public Health in Brownsville, University of Texas Health Houston, Brownsville, TX, United States
- South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX, United States
| | - Yidong Bai
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, UT-Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Corinna Ross
- Population Health and Host-Pathogen Interactions Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States
- Soutwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Larry S. Schlesinger
- Population Health and Host-Pathogen Interactions Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Joanne Turner
- Population Health and Host-Pathogen Interactions Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States
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28
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Mejia OR, Gloag ES, Li J, Ruane-Foster M, Claeys TA, Farkas D, Farkas L, Xin G, Robinson RT. Mice infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis are resistant to secondary infection with SARS-CoV-2. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2021:2021.11.09.467862. [PMID: 34790981 PMCID: PMC8597884 DOI: 10.1101/2021.11.09.467862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) and SARS-CoV-2 (CoV2) are the leading causes of death due to infectious disease. Although Mtb and CoV2 both cause serious and sometimes fatal respiratory infections, the effect of Mtb infection and its associated immune response on secondary infection with CoV2 is unknown. To address this question we applied two mouse models of COVID19, using mice which were chronically infected with Mtb. In both model systems, Mtb-infected mice were resistant to secondary CoV2 infection and its pathological consequences, and CoV2 infection did not affect Mtb burdens. Single cell RNA sequencing of coinfected and monoinfected lungs demonstrated the resistance of Mtb-infected mice is associated with expansion of T and B cell subsets upon viral challenge. Collectively, these data demonstrate that Mtb infection conditions the lung environment in a manner that is not conducive to CoV2 survival. AUTHOR SUMMARY Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) and SARS-CoV-2 (CoV2) are distinct organisms which both cause lung disease. We report the surprising observation that Mtb-infected mice are resistant to secondary infection with CoV2, with no impact on Mtb burden and resistance associating with lung T and B cell expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Rosas Mejia
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Erin S Gloag
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jianying Li
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Marisa Ruane-Foster
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Tiffany A Claeys
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Daniela Farkas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Laszlo Farkas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Gang Xin
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Richard T Robinson
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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29
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Floros J, Thorenoor N, Tsotakos N, Phelps DS. Human Surfactant Protein SP-A1 and SP-A2 Variants Differentially Affect the Alveolar Microenvironment, Surfactant Structure, Regulation and Function of the Alveolar Macrophage, and Animal and Human Survival Under Various Conditions. Front Immunol 2021; 12:681639. [PMID: 34484180 PMCID: PMC8415824 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.681639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The human innate host defense molecules, SP-A1 and SP-A2 variants, differentially affect survival after infection in mice and in lung transplant patients. SP-A interacts with the sentinel innate immune cell in the alveolus, the alveolar macrophage (AM), and modulates its function and regulation. SP-A also plays a role in pulmonary surfactant-related aspects, including surfactant structure and reorganization. For most (if not all) pulmonary diseases there is a dysregulation of host defense and inflammatory processes and/or surfactant dysfunction or deficiency. Because SP-A plays a role in both of these general processes where one or both may become aberrant in pulmonary disease, SP-A stands to be an important molecule in health and disease. In humans (unlike in rodents) SP-A is encoded by two genes (SFTPA1 and SFTPA2) and each has been identified with extensive genetic and epigenetic complexity. In this review, we focus on functional, structural, and regulatory differences between the two SP-A gene-specific products, SP-A1 and SP-A2, and among their corresponding variants. We discuss the differential impact of these variants on the surfactant structure, the alveolar microenvironment, the regulation of epithelial type II miRNome, the regulation and function of the AM, the overall survival of the organism after infection, and others. Although there have been a number of reviews on SP-A, this is the first review that provides such a comprehensive account of the differences between human SP-A1 and SP-A2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Floros
- Center for Host Defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research, Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States.,Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Nithyananda Thorenoor
- Center for Host Defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research, Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States.,Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Nikolaos Tsotakos
- School of Science, Engineering, and Technology, The Pennsylvania State University, Harrisburg, PA, United States
| | - David S Phelps
- Center for Host Defense, Inflammation, and Lung Disease (CHILD) Research, Department of Pediatrics, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
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30
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Clark D, Kotronia E, Ramsay SE. Frailty, aging, and periodontal disease: Basic biologic considerations. Periodontol 2000 2021; 87:143-156. [PMID: 34463998 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Aging is associated with the development of disease. Periodontal disease is one of the many diseases and conditions that increase in prevalence with age. In addition to the traditional focus on individual age-related conditions, there is now a greater recognition that multisystem conditions such as frailty play an important role in the health of older populations. Frailty is a clinical condition in older adults that increases the risk of adverse health outcomes. Both frailty and periodontal disease are common chronic conditions in older populations and share several risk factors. There is likely a bidirectional relationship between periodontal disease and frailty. Comorbid systemic diseases, poor physical functioning, and limited ability to self-care in frail older people have been implicated as underlying the association between frailty and periodontal disease. In addition, both frailty and periodontal disease also have strong associations with inflammatory dysregulation and other age-related pathophysiologic changes that may similarly underlie their development and progression. Investigating age-related changes in immune cells that regulate inflammation may lead to a better understanding of age-related disease and could lead to therapeutic targets for the improved management of frailty and periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Clark
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Eftychia Kotronia
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Sheena E Ramsay
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
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31
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Sun J, Zhang H, Song Z, Jin L, Yang J, Gu J, Ye D, Yu X, Yang J. The negative impact of increasing age and underlying cirrhosis on the sensitivity of adenosine deaminase in the diagnosis of tuberculous peritonitis: a cross-sectional study in eastern China. Int J Infect Dis 2021; 110:204-212. [PMID: 34332087 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2021.07.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our study aimed to evaluate the correlation between the sensitivity of adenosine deaminase (ADA) testing for the diagnosis of tuberculous peritonitis (TBP) and patient age or cirrhosis status. METHODS Clinical data for patients clinically diagnosed with TPB (n = 132) or not (n = 147) were assessed. ADA activity was compared among three age groups (< 45 yr, 45-60 yr, and ≥ 60 yr) and among cirrhosis-related subgroups. Cut-off values for the ADA test were analyzed among three patient populations (young non-cirrhotic, n = 97; older non-cirrhotic, n = 115; cirrhotic, n = 67), and validated in a cohort of 259 participants. RESULTS According to the multivariate regression analyses, age < 45 yr is highly predictive of TBP risk. The young non-cirrhotic TBP patients had higher ADA activity than the middle-aged or old controls (p < 0.01). Significantly decreased activity and efficacy of ADA were observed in the cirrhotic subgroup/population, regardless of age or cohort. For the above-mentioned two non-cirrhotic populations in the validation cohort, the ADA test showed excellent performance using thresholds of 30.5 IU/L and 20.5 IU/L, with respective sensitivities of 91.1% and 92.6%. CONCLUSIONS ADA activity is negatively associated with increasing age and underlying cirrhosis. Optimizing cut-off values for the ADA test can increase its sensitivity in non-cirrhotic individuals older than 45 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Sun
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Huatang Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Hospital of Quanzhou, Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, China
| | - Zhiwei Song
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Taizhou 318000, China
| | - Lei Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241000, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Jun Gu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241000, China
| | - Dan Ye
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Taizhou 318000, China
| | - Xueping Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Hospital of Quanzhou, Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, China.
| | - Jianghua Yang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241000, China.
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Rochford I, Joshi JC, Rayees S, Anwar M, Akhter MZ, Yalagala L, Banerjee S, Mehta D. Evidence for reprogramming of monocytes into reparative alveolar macrophages in vivo by targeting PDE4b. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2021; 321:L686-L702. [PMID: 34318714 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00145.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased lung vascular permeability and neutrophilic inflammation are hallmarks of acute lung injury. Alveolar macrophages (AMϕ), the predominant sentinel cell type in the airspace, die in massive numbers while fending off pathogens. Recent studies indicate that the AMϕ pool is replenished by airspace-recruited monocytes, but the mechanisms instructing the conversion of recruited monocytes into reparative AMϕ remain elusive. Cyclic AMP (cAMP) is a vascular barrier protective and immunosuppressive second messenger in the lung. Here, we subjected mice expressing GFP under the control of the Lysozyme-M promoter (LysM-GFP mice) to the LPS model of rapidly resolving lung injury to address the impact of mechanisms determining cAMP levels in AMϕ and regulation of mobilization of the reparative AMϕ-pool. RNA-seq analysis of flow-sorted Mϕ identified phosphodiesterase 4b (PDE4b) as the top LPS-responsive cAMP-regulating gene. We observed that PDE4b expression markedly increased at the time of peak injury (4 h) and then decreased to below the basal level during the resolution phase (24 h). Activation of transcription factor NFATc2 was required for transcription of PDE4b in Mϕ. Inhibition of PDE4 activity at the time of peak injury, using i.t. rolipram, increased cAMP levels, augmented the reparative AMϕ pool, and resolved lung injury. This response was not seen following conditional depletion of monocytes, thus establishing airspace-recruited PDE4b-sensitive monocytes as the source of reparative AMϕ. Interestingly, adoptive transfer of rolipram-educated AMϕ into injured mice resolved lung edema. We propose suppression of PDE4b as an effective approach to promote reparative AMϕ generation from monocytes for lung repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Rochford
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine and Centre for Lung and Vascular Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Jagdish Chandra Joshi
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine and Centre for Lung and Vascular Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Sheikh Rayees
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine and Centre for Lung and Vascular Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Mumtaz Anwar
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine and Centre for Lung and Vascular Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Md Zahid Akhter
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine and Centre for Lung and Vascular Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Lakshmi Yalagala
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine and Centre for Lung and Vascular Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Somenath Banerjee
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine and Centre for Lung and Vascular Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Dolly Mehta
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine and Centre for Lung and Vascular Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
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Acute Inflammation Confers Enhanced Protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection in Mice. Microbiol Spectr 2021; 9:e0001621. [PMID: 34232086 PMCID: PMC8552513 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00016-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation plays a crucial role in the control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. In this study, we demonstrate that an inflammatory pulmonary environment at the time of infection mediated by lipopolysaccharide treatment in mice confers enhanced protection against M. tuberculosis for up to 6 months postinfection. This early and transient inflammatory environment was associated with a neutrophil and CD11b+ cell influx and increased inflammatory cytokines. In vitro infection demonstrated that neutrophils from lipopolysaccharide-treated mice exhibited increased association with M. tuberculosis and had a greater innate capacity for killing M. tuberculosis. Finally, partial depletion of neutrophils in lipopolysaccharide-treated mice showed an increase in M. tuberculosis burden, suggesting neutrophils played a part in the protection observed in lipopolysaccharide-treated mice. These results indicate a positive role for an inflammatory environment in the initial stages of M. tuberculosis infection and suggest that acute inflammation at the time of M. tuberculosis infection can positively alter disease outcome. IMPORTANCE Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of tuberculosis disease, is estimated to infect one-fourth of the world's population and is one of the leading causes of death due to an infectious disease worldwide. The high-level variability in tuberculosis disease responses in the human populace may be linked to immune processes related to inflammation. In many cases, inflammation appears to exasperate tuberculosis responses; however, some evidence suggests inflammatory processes improve control of M. tuberculosis infection. Here, we show an acute inflammatory stimulus in mice provides protection against M. tuberculosis for up to 6 months, suggesting acute inflammation can positively affect M. tuberculosis infection outcome.
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Kosyreva A, Dzhalilova D, Lokhonina A, Vishnyakova P, Fatkhudinov T. The Role of Macrophages in the Pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2-Associated Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Front Immunol 2021; 12:682871. [PMID: 34040616 PMCID: PMC8141811 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.682871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are cells that mediate both innate and adaptive immunity reactions, playing a major role in both physiological and pathological processes. Systemic SARS-CoV-2-associated complications include acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome, edema, and pneumonia. These are predominantly effects of massive macrophage activation that collectively can be defined as macrophage activation syndrome. In this review we focus on the role of macrophages in COVID-19, as pathogenesis of the new coronavirus infection, especially in cases complicated by ARDS, largely depends on macrophage phenotypes and functionalities. We describe participation of monocytes, monocyte-derived and resident lung macrophages in SARS-CoV-2-associated ARDS and discuss possible utility of cell therapies for its treatment, notably the use of reprogrammed macrophages with stable pro- or anti-inflammatory phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kosyreva
- Department of Neuromorphology, Science Research Institute of Human Morphology, Moscow, Russia
- Histology Department, Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Dzhuliia Dzhalilova
- Department of Immunomorphology of Inflammation, Science Research Institute of Human Morphology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasia Lokhonina
- Histology Department, Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named After Academician V.I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Polina Vishnyakova
- Histology Department, Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named After Academician V.I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Timur Fatkhudinov
- Histology Department, Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
- Department of Growth and Development, Science Research Institute of Human Morphology, Moscow, Russia
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Schneider JL, Rowe JH, Garcia-de-Alba C, Kim CF, Sharpe AH, Haigis MC. The aging lung: Physiology, disease, and immunity. Cell 2021; 184:1990-2019. [PMID: 33811810 PMCID: PMC8052295 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The population is aging at a rate never seen before in human history. As the number of elderly adults grows, it is imperative we expand our understanding of the underpinnings of aging biology. Human lungs are composed of a unique panoply of cell types that face ongoing chemical, mechanical, biological, immunological, and xenobiotic stress over a lifetime. Yet, we do not fully appreciate the mechanistic drivers of lung aging and why age increases the risk of parenchymal lung disease, fatal respiratory infection, and primary lung cancer. Here, we review the molecular and cellular aspects of lung aging, local stress response pathways, and how the aging process predisposes to the pathogenesis of pulmonary disease. We place these insights into context of the COVID-19 pandemic and discuss how innate and adaptive immunity within the lung is altered with age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime L Schneider
- Department of Cell Biology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Jared H Rowe
- Division of Hematology Boston Children's Hospital and Division of Pediatric Oncology Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Carolina Garcia-de-Alba
- Stem Cell Program and Divisions of Hematology/Oncology and Pulmonary Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Carla F Kim
- Stem Cell Program and Divisions of Hematology/Oncology and Pulmonary Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
| | - Arlene H Sharpe
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Evergrande Center for Immunologic Disease, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Marcia C Haigis
- Department of Cell Biology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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36
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Scordo JM, Piergallini TJ, Reuter N, Headley CA, Hodara VL, Gonzalez O, Giavedoni LD, Papin JF, Turner J. Local immune responses to tuberculin skin challenge in Mycobacterium bovis BCG-vaccinated baboons: a pilot study of younger and older animals. Immun Ageing 2021; 18:16. [PMID: 33827617 PMCID: PMC8024439 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-021-00229-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Individuals over the age of 65 are highly susceptible to infectious diseases, which account for one-third of deaths in this age group. Vaccines are a primary tool to combat infection, yet they are less effective in the elderly population. While many groups have aimed to address this problem by studying vaccine-induced peripheral blood responses in the elderly, work from our lab and others demonstrate that immune responses to vaccination and infectious challenge may differ between tissue sites and the periphery. In this pilot study, we established an in vivo delayed-type hypersensitivity model of Mycobacterium bovis BCG vaccination and tuberculin skin test in two adult and two aged baboons. Vaccination generates BCG-specific immune cells that are recruited to the skin upon tuberculin challenge. We tested short term recall responses (8 weeks post-vaccination) and long term recall responses (25 weeks post-vaccination) by performing skin punch biopsies around the site of tuberculin injection. In short term recall responses, we found increased oxidation and decreased production of immune proteins in aged baboon skin at the site of TST challenge, in comparison to adult skin. Differences between adult and aged animals normalized in the long term response to tuberculin. In vitro, aged peripheral blood mononuclear cells had increased migration and functional responses to antigen-specific stimulation, suggesting that age-related changes in the tissue in vivo impairs aged immune recall responses to antigenic challenge. These findings highlight the impact of age-associated changes in the local tissue environment in memory recall responses, which may be more broadly applied to the study of other tissues. Moreover, these findings should be considered in future studies aimed at understanding and improving aging immune responses to vaccination and tissue challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia M Scordo
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
- The University of Texas Health Science Center of San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Tucker J Piergallini
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Nicole Reuter
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | | | - Vida L Hodara
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Olga Gonzalez
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | | | - James F Papin
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Joanne Turner
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA.
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37
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Hetzel M, Ackermann M, Lachmann N. Beyond "Big Eaters": The Versatile Role of Alveolar Macrophages in Health and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:3308. [PMID: 33804918 PMCID: PMC8036607 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages act as immune scavengers and are important cell types in the homeostasis of various tissues. Given the multiple roles of macrophages, these cells can also be found as tissue resident macrophages tightly integrated into a variety of tissues in which they fulfill crucial and organ-specific functions. The lung harbors at least two macrophage populations: interstitial and alveolar macrophages, which occupy different niches and functions. In this review, we provide the latest insights into the multiple roles of alveolar macrophages while unraveling the distinct factors which can influence the ontogeny and function of these cells. Furthermore, we will highlight pulmonary diseases, which are associated with dysfunctional macrophages, concentrating on congenital diseases as well as pulmonary infections and impairment of immunological pathways. Moreover, we will provide an overview about different treatment approaches targeting macrophage dysfunction. Improved knowledge of the role of macrophages in the onset of pulmonary diseases may provide the basis for new pharmacological and/or cell-based immunotherapies and will extend our understanding to other macrophage-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Hetzel
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (M.H.); (M.A.)
- REBIRTH Research Center for Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Mania Ackermann
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (M.H.); (M.A.)
- REBIRTH Research Center for Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Nico Lachmann
- REBIRTH Research Center for Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 30625 Hannover, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155), Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
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38
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Allué-Guardia A, García JI, Torrelles JB. Evolution of Drug-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis Strains and Their Adaptation to the Human Lung Environment. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:612675. [PMID: 33613483 PMCID: PMC7889510 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.612675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last two decades, multi (MDR), extensively (XDR), extremely (XXDR) and total (TDR) drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) strains have emerged as a threat to public health worldwide, stressing the need to develop new tuberculosis (TB) prevention and treatment strategies. It is estimated that in the next 35 years, drug-resistant TB will kill around 75 million people and cost the global economy $16.7 trillion. Indeed, the COVID-19 pandemic alone may contribute with the development of 6.3 million new TB cases due to lack of resources and enforced confinement in TB endemic areas. Evolution of drug-resistant M.tb depends on numerous factors, such as bacterial fitness, strain's genetic background and its capacity to adapt to the surrounding environment, as well as host-specific and environmental factors. Whole-genome transcriptomics and genome-wide association studies in recent years have shed some insights into the complexity of M.tb drug resistance and have provided a better understanding of its underlying molecular mechanisms. In this review, we will discuss M.tb phenotypic and genotypic changes driving resistance, including changes in cell envelope components, as well as recently described intrinsic and extrinsic factors promoting resistance emergence and transmission. We will further explore how drug-resistant M.tb adapts differently than drug-susceptible strains to the lung environment at the cellular level, modulating M.tb-host interactions and disease outcome, and novel next generation sequencing (NGS) strategies to study drug-resistant TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Allué-Guardia
- Population Health Program, Tuberculosis Group, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | | | - Jordi B. Torrelles
- Population Health Program, Tuberculosis Group, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States
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39
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Sato Y, Tansho-Nagakawa S, Ubagai T, Ono Y. Analysis of Immune Responses in Acinetobacter baumannii-Infected Klotho Knockout Mice: A Mouse Model of Acinetobacter baumannii Infection in Aged Hosts. Front Immunol 2020; 11:601614. [PMID: 33329595 PMCID: PMC7719750 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.601614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii is an important opportunistic pathogen that primarily afflicts elderly people. To clarify the pathogenicity of A. baumannii in the elderly, we investigated immune responses to A. baumannii ATCC 19606 infection in klotho knockout (KO) mice, the mouse model of aging. Following intravenous inoculation, the mice seldom displayed severe symptoms. However, the survival rate was 56% at 7 days post-infection. Bacteria were detected in the lungs of klotho KO mice but not klotho wildtype (WT) mice at 7 days post-infection. Neutrophils, eosinophils, interstitial macrophages, and monocyte/dendritic cell subset in the lungs of klotho KO mice were transiently induced after infection with A. baumannii. The number of alveolar macrophages in klotho KO mice was lower than that in klotho WT mice, except for 1 day post-infection. CD11b expression on neutrophils and alveolar macrophages in the lungs of klotho KO mice was seldom upregulated by the infection. These results suggested that immune functions eliminating bacteria in the lungs of klotho KO mice were insufficient. CD11blow conventional DC cells hardly increased in klotho KO mice infected with A. baumannii. Additionally, the production of interleukin (IL)-10 in the sera of klotho KO mice was significantly higher than that in klotho WT mice, whereas that production of interferon-gamma was not detected in the sera of klotho KO mice. These results suggested that acquired immune responses were hardly induced in klotho KO mice. IL-1β, CXCL1, CXCL2, and CCL2 expression was significantly higher in the lungs of klotho KO mice infected with A. baumannii than in those of klotho WT mice at 1 day post-infection. These results suggested that pulmonary inflammation was elicited in klotho KO mice during early infection. The expression levels of proinflammatory cytokines significantly correlated with TLR9 expression in the lungs of klotho KO mice. The collective results demonstrate an A. baumannii infection state in aged hosts and suggest that pulmonary inflammation and bacterial burden should be noted in aged hosts even in the absence of severe symptoms of A. baumannii infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinori Sato
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeru Tansho-Nagakawa
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsuneyuki Ubagai
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuo Ono
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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40
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Do chance encounters between heterogeneous cells shape the outcome of tuberculosis infections? Curr Opin Microbiol 2020; 59:72-78. [PMID: 33049596 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2020.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The sum of all of the interactions between single bacteria and host cells determines if an infection is cleared, controlled, or progresses at the whole host-organism level. These individual interactions have independent trajectories defined by diverse and dynamic host-cell and bacterial responses. Focusing on Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, we discuss how advances in single-cell technologies allow investigation of heterogeneity in host-pathogen interactions and how different layers of heterogeneity in the host affect disease outcome. At late stages of infection, many single interactions co-exist and different outcomes depend on inter-granuloma and intra-granuloma heterogeneity. However, during bottleneck events involving small numbers of bacteria, random events, such as chance interactions with more or less permissive host cells, play a decisive role and may explain why some exposed individuals never develop the disease.
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41
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Abassi Z, Knaney Y, Karram T, Heyman SN. The Lung Macrophage in SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Friend or a Foe? Front Immunol 2020; 11:1312. [PMID: 32582222 PMCID: PMC7291598 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Respiratory, circulatory, and renal failure are among the gravest features of COVID-19 and are associated with a very high mortality rate. A common denominator of all affected organs is the expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), a protease responsible for the conversion of Angiotensin 1-8 (Ang II) to Angiotensin 1-7 (Ang 1-7). Ang 1-7 acts on these tissues and in other target organs via Mas receptor (MasR), where it exerts beneficial effects, including vasodilation and suppression of inflammation and fibrosis, along an attenuation of cardiac and vascular remodeling. Unfortunately, ACE2 also serves as the binding receptor of SARS viral spike glycoprotein, enabling its attachment to host cells, with subsequent viral internalization and replication. Although numerous reports have linked the devastating organ injuries to viral homing and attachment to organ-specific cells widely expressing ACE2, little attention has been given to ACE-2 expressed by the immune system. Herein we outline potential adverse effects of SARS-CoV2 on macrophages and dendritic cells, key cells of the immune system expressing ACE2. Specifically, we propose a new hypothesis that, while macrophages play an important role in antiviral defense mechanisms, in the case of SARS-CoV, they may also serve as a Trojan horse, enabling viral anchoring specifically within the pulmonary parenchyma. It is tempting to assume that diverse expression of ACE2 in macrophages among individuals might govern the severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Moreover, reallocation of viral-containing macrophages migrating out of the lung to other tissues is theoretically plausible in the context of viral spread with the involvement of other organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaid Abassi
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.,Laboratory Medicine, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Yara Knaney
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Tony Karram
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Samuel N Heyman
- Department of Medicine, Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
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42
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Doz-Deblauwe É, Carreras F, Arbues A, Remot A, Epardaud M, Malaga W, Mayau V, Prandi J, Astarie-Dequeker C, Guilhot C, Demangel C, Winter N. CR3 Engaged by PGL-I Triggers Syk-Calcineurin-NFATc to Rewire the Innate Immune Response in Leprosy. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2913. [PMID: 31921172 PMCID: PMC6928039 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium leprae, the causative agent of leprosy, is unique amongst human pathogens in its capacity to produce the virulence factor phenolic glycolipid (PGL)-I. In addition to mediating bacterial tropism for neurons, PGL-I interacts with Complement Receptor (CR)3 on macrophages (MPs) to promote infection. We demonstrate here that PGL-I binding to CR3 also enhances bacterial invasion of both polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) and dendritic cells (DCs). Moreover, in all cell types CR3 engagement by PGL-I activates the Syk tyrosine kinase, inducing calcineurin-dependent nuclear translocation of the transcription factor NFATc. This selectively augments the production of IL-2 by DCs, IL-10 by PMNs and IL-1β by MPs. In intranasally-infected mice PGL-I binding to CR3 heightens mycobacterial phagocytosis by lung PMNs and MPs, and stimulates NFATc-controlled production of Syk-dependent cytokines. Our study thus identifies the CR3-Syk-NFATc axis as a novel signaling pathway activated by PGL-I in innate immune cells, rewiring host cytokine responses to M. leprae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Émilie Doz-Deblauwe
- ISP, Infectiologie et Santé Publique, INRA, Université de Tours, Nouzilly, France
| | - Florence Carreras
- ISP, Infectiologie et Santé Publique, INRA, Université de Tours, Nouzilly, France
| | - Ainhoa Arbues
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, BP 64182, Toulouse, France
| | - Aude Remot
- ISP, Infectiologie et Santé Publique, INRA, Université de Tours, Nouzilly, France
| | - Mathieu Epardaud
- ISP, Infectiologie et Santé Publique, INRA, Université de Tours, Nouzilly, France
| | - Wladimir Malaga
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, BP 64182, Toulouse, France
| | - Véronique Mayau
- Immunobiologie de l'Infection, Institut Pasteur, INSERM U1221, Paris, France
| | - Jacques Prandi
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, BP 64182, Toulouse, France
| | - Catherine Astarie-Dequeker
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, BP 64182, Toulouse, France
| | - Christophe Guilhot
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, BP 64182, Toulouse, France
| | - Caroline Demangel
- Immunobiologie de l'Infection, Institut Pasteur, INSERM U1221, Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Winter
- ISP, Infectiologie et Santé Publique, INRA, Université de Tours, Nouzilly, France
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