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Wang D, Sun Z, Yin Y, Xiang J, Wei Y, Ma Y, Wang L, Liu G. Vitamin D and Atherosclerosis: Unraveling the Impact on Macrophage Function. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024; 68:e2300867. [PMID: 38864846 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Vitamin D plays a crucial role in preventing atherosclerosis and in the regulation of macrophage function. This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the clinical evidence regarding the impact of vitamin D on atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, atherosclerotic cerebrovascular disease, peripheral arterial disease, and associated risk factors. Additionally, it explores the mechanistic studies investigating the influence of vitamin D on macrophage function in atherosclerosis. Numerous findings indicate that vitamin D inhibits monocyte or macrophage recruitment, macrophage cholesterol uptake, and esterification. Moreover, it induces autophagy of lipid droplets in macrophages, promotes cholesterol efflux from macrophages, and regulates macrophage polarization. This review particularly focuses on analyzing the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways through which vitamin D modulates macrophage function in atherosclerosis. It claims that vitamin D has a direct inhibitory effect on the formation, adhesion, and migration of lipid-loaded monocytes, thus exerting anti-atherosclerotic effects. Therefore, this review emphasizes the crucial role of vitamin D in regulating macrophage function and preventing the development of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxia Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Zhen Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Hebei International Joint Research Center for Structural Heart Disease, Hebei Key Laboratory of Cardiac Injury Repair Mechanism Study, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Yajuan Yin
- Department of Cardiology, Hebei International Joint Research Center for Structural Heart Disease, Hebei Key Laboratory of Cardiac Injury Repair Mechanism Study, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Jingyi Xiang
- Department of Cardiology, Hebei International Joint Research Center for Structural Heart Disease, Hebei Key Laboratory of Cardiac Injury Repair Mechanism Study, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Yuzhe Wei
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Yuxia Ma
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Le Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Hebei International Joint Research Center for Structural Heart Disease, Hebei Key Laboratory of Cardiac Injury Repair Mechanism Study, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Hebei International Joint Research Center for Structural Heart Disease, Hebei Key Laboratory of Cardiac Injury Repair Mechanism Study, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
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Zheng Z, Song X, Shi Y, Long X, Li J, Zhang M. Recent Advances in Biologically Active Ingredients from Natural Drugs for Sepsis Treatment. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2024; 27:688-700. [PMID: 37254548 DOI: 10.2174/1386207326666230529101918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis refers to the dysregulated host response to infection; its incidence and mortality rates are high. It is a worldwide medical problem but there is no specific drug for it. In recent years, clinical and experimental studies have found that many monomer components of traditional Chinese medicine have certain effects on the treatment of sepsis. This paper reviews the advances in research on the active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine involved in the treatment of sepsis in recent years according to their chemical structure; it could provide ideas and references for further research and development in Chinese materia medica for the treatment of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Zheng
- Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, 116001, China
| | - Xiayinan Song
- Innovation Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Yanmei Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaofeng Long
- Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, 116001, China
| | - Jie Li
- Innovation Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, 116001, China
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Chen SY, Li YP, You YP, Zhang HR, Shi ZJ, Liang QQ, Yuan T, Xu R, Xu LH, Zha QB, Ou-Yang DY, He XH. Theaflavin mitigates acute gouty peritonitis and septic organ injury in mice by suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome assembly. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2023; 44:2019-2036. [PMID: 37221235 PMCID: PMC10545837 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-023-01105-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Activation of NLR family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome plays important role in defending against infections, but its aberrant activation is causally linked to many inflammatory diseases, thus being a therapeutic target for these diseases. Theaflavin, one major ingredient of black tea, exhibits potent anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative activities. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic effects of theaflavin against NLRP3 inflammasome activation in macrophages in vitro and in animal models of related diseases. We showed that theaflavin (50, 100, 200 μM) dose-dependently inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activation in LPS-primed macrophages stimulated with ATP, nigericin or monosodium urate crystals (MSU), evidenced by reduced release of caspase-1p10 and mature interleukin-1β (IL-1β). Theaflavin treatment also inhibited pyroptosis as shown by decreased generation of N-terminal fragment of gasdermin D (GSDMD-NT) and propidium iodide incorporation. Consistent with these, theaflavin treatment suppressed ASC speck formation and oligomerization in macrophages stimulated with ATP or nigericin, suggesting reduced inflammasome assembly. We revealed that theaflavin-induced inhibition on NLRP3 inflammasome assembly and pyroptosis resulted from ameliorated mitochondrial dysfunction and reduced mitochondrial ROS production, thereby suppressing interaction between NLRP3 and NEK7 downstream of ROS. Moreover, we showed that oral administration of theaflavin significantly attenuated MSU-induced mouse peritonitis and improved the survival of mice with bacterial sepsis. Consistently, theaflavin administration significantly reduced serum levels of inflammatory cytokines including IL-1β and attenuated liver inflammation and renal injury of mice with sepsis, concomitant with reduced generation of caspase-1p10 and GSDMD-NT in the liver and kidney. Together, we demonstrate that theaflavin suppresses NLRP3 inflammasome activation and pyroptosis by protecting mitochondrial function, thus mitigating acute gouty peritonitis and bacterial sepsis in mice, highlighting a potential application in treating NLRP3 inflammasome-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Yuan Chen
- Department of Immunobiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Ya-Ping Li
- Department of Immunobiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yi-Ping You
- Department of Immunobiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Hong-Rui Zhang
- Department of Immunobiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Zi-Jian Shi
- Department of Fetal Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Qi-Qi Liang
- Department of Immunobiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Tao Yuan
- Department of Immunobiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Rong Xu
- Department of Immunobiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Li-Hui Xu
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Qing-Bing Zha
- Department of Fetal Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Heyuan, 517000, China.
| | - Dong-Yun Ou-Yang
- Department of Immunobiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Xian-Hui He
- Department of Immunobiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Heyuan, 517000, China.
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Shoaib S, Ansari MA, Kandasamy G, Vasudevan R, Hani U, Chauhan W, Alhumaidi MS, Altammar KA, Azmi S, Ahmad W, Wahab S, Islam N. An Attention towards the Prophylactic and Therapeutic Options of Phytochemicals for SARS-CoV-2: A Molecular Insight. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28020795. [PMID: 36677853 PMCID: PMC9864057 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The novel pathogenic virus was discovered in Wuhan, China (December 2019), and quickly spread throughout the world. Further analysis revealed that the pathogenic strain of virus was corona but it was distinct from other coronavirus strains, and thus it was renamed 2019-nCoV or SARS-CoV-2. This coronavirus shares many characteristics with other coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. The clinical manifestations raised in the form of a cytokine storm trigger a complicated spectrum of pathophysiological changes that include cardiovascular, kidney, and liver problems. The lack of an effective treatment strategy has imposed a health and socio-economic burden. Even though the mortality rate of patients with this disease is lower, since it is judged to be the most contagious, it is considered more lethal. Globally, the researchers are continuously engaged to develop and identify possible preventive and therapeutic regimens for the management of disease. Notably, to combat SARS-CoV-2, various vaccine types have been developed and are currently being tested in clinical trials; these have also been used as a health emergency during a pandemic. Despite this, many old antiviral and other drugs (such as chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine, corticosteroids, and so on) are still used in various countries as emergency medicine. Plant-based products have been reported to be safe as alternative options for several infectious and non-infectious diseases, as many of them showed chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic effects in the case of tuberculosis, cancer, malaria, diabetes, cardiac problems, and others. Therefore, plant-derived products may play crucial roles in improving health for a variety of ailments by providing a variety of effective cures. Due to current therapeutic repurposing efforts against this newly discovered virus, we attempted to outline many plant-based compounds in this review to aid in the fight against SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoaib Shoaib
- Department Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, J. N. Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Mohammad Azam Ansari
- Department of Epidemic Disease Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (M.A.A.); (N.I.)
| | - Geetha Kandasamy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University (KKU), Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rajalakshimi Vasudevan
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University (KKU), Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Umme Hani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University (KKU), Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waseem Chauhan
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Maryam S. Alhumaidi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hafr Al Batin, Hafr Al Batin 31991, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khadijah A. Altammar
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hafr Al Batin, Hafr Al Batin 31991, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarfuddin Azmi
- Molecular Microbiology Biology Division, Scientific Research Centre (SRC), Prince Sultan Military Medical City (PSMMC), Riyadh 11159, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wasim Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacy, Mohammed Al-Mana College for Medical Sciences, Dammam 34222, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shadma Wahab
- Deparment of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Najmul Islam
- Department Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, J. N. Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
- Correspondence: (M.A.A.); (N.I.)
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Guan S, Zhong L, Yu H, Wang L, Jin Y, Liu J, Xiang H, Yu H, Wang L, Wang D. Molecular docking and proteomics reveals the synergistic antibacterial mechanism of theaflavin with β-lactam antibiotics against MRSA. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:993430. [PMID: 36452924 PMCID: PMC9702817 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.993430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Recurrent epidemics of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) (MRSA) have illustrated that the effectiveness of antibiotics in clinical application is rapidly fading. A feasible approach is to combine natural products with existing antibiotics to achieve an antibacterial effect. In this molecular docking study, we found that theaflavin (TF) preferentially binds the allosteric site of penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a), inducing the PBP2a active site to open, which is convenient for β-lactam antibiotics to treat MRSA infection, instead of directly exerting antibacterial activity at the active site. Subsequent TMT-labeled proteomics analysis showed that TF treatment did not significantly change the landscape of the S. aureus USA300 proteome. Checkerboard dilution tests and kill curve assays were performed to validate the synergistic effect of TF and ceftiofur, and the fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) was 0.1875. The antibacterial effect of TF combined with ceftiofur was better than that of single-drug treatment in vitro. In addition, TF effectively enhanced the activity of ceftiofur in a mouse model of MRSA-induced pneumonia. Our findings provide a potential therapeutic strategy to combine existing antibiotics with natural products to resolve the prevalent infections of multidrug-resistant pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhan Guan
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ling Zhong
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hangqian Yu
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Li Wang
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Yajing Jin
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jingyu Liu
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hua Xiang
- College of Animal Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Hao Yu
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lin Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Dacheng Wang
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Abdel-Rahman Mohamed A, El-Kholy SS, Dahran N, El Bohy KM, Moustafa GG, Saber TM, Metwally MMM, Gaber RA, Alqahtani LS, Mostafa-Hedeab G, El-Shetry ES. Scrutinizing pathways of Nicotine effect on renal Alpha-7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine receptor and Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) expression in Ehrlich ascites carcinoma-bearing Mice: role of Chlorella vulgaris. Gene 2022; 837:146697. [PMID: 35764235 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Nicotine is one of several physiologically stable and active chemicals found in tobacco. The mechanism through which nicotine causes kidney damage is still obscure. As a result, the goal of this research was to investigate how oral nicotine intake can lead to kidney damage. Naturaly occurring superfood green algae are immense supplements help us using extra chemicals during cancer prevalence if the patient is exposed to nicotine. Hence, the mitigating role of Chlorella vulgaris extract (CVE) against nicotine-nephrotoxic impact in Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC)-bearing mice was studied. For this purpose, four groups of Swiss female mice were assigned, nicotine group (NIC) (100 µg/ml/kg), CVE group (100 mg/kg), CVE+Nicotine, and a control group. Renal dysfunction was evaluated by estimating serum biomarkers ofrenal damage. The expression pattern of Nf-KB, MAPK, P53, and α7-nAchR, lipid peroxidation biomarker, and antioxidant enzyme activities were evaluated in kidney tissue. Also, micro-morphometric examination and apoptosis immunohistochemical reactivity of kidney tissue were applied. The obtained results indicated up-regulation of all estimated genes and oxidative stress. Moreover, a significant (P<0.05) increment in the apoptotic marker Caspase-3 and declined BCL-2 proteins were recorded. In serum, a significant (P<0.05) elevation of urea, creatinine, TNF-α, IL-1β, and Kim-1 were evident. Histological investigation reinforced the aforementioned data, revealing structural changes involving the tubules, glomeruli, and interstitium of mice kidneys. CVE may be a strong contender for protecting renal tissue damage since it reduces renal tissue injury and oxidative stress. Cancer patients who regularly use nicotine through direct smoking or second-hand exposure can benefit from CVE usage as a dietary supplement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amany Abdel-Rahman Mohamed
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt.
| | - Sanad S El-Kholy
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Naief Dahran
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khlood M El Bohy
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Gihan G Moustafa
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Taghred M Saber
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M M Metwally
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Rasha A Gaber
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt
| | - Leena S Alqahtani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 80203, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gomaa Mostafa-Hedeab
- Pharmacology department & Health Research Unit, Medical College, Jouf University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman S El-Shetry
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
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Gour A, Manhas D, Bag S, Gorain B, Nandi U. Flavonoids as potential phytotherapeutics to combat cytokine storm in SARS-CoV-2. Phytother Res 2021; 35:4258-4283. [PMID: 33786876 PMCID: PMC8250405 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, COVID-19, has become the global panic since December 2019, which urges the global healthcare professionals to identify novel therapeutics to counteract this pandemic. So far, there is no approved treatment available to control this public health issue; however, a few antiviral agents and repurposed drugs support the patients under medical supervision by compromising their adverse effects, especially in emergency conditions. Only a few vaccines have been approved to date. In this context, several plant natural products-based research studies are evidenced to play a crucial role in immunomodulation that can prevent the chances of infection as well as combat the cytokine release storm (CRS) generated during COVID-19 infection. In this present review, we have focused on flavonoids, especially epicatechin, epigallocatechin gallate, hesperidin, naringenin, quercetin, rutin, luteolin, baicalin, diosmin, ge nistein, biochanin A, and silymarin, which can counteract the virus-mediated elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines leading to multiple organ failure. In addition, a comprehensive discussion on available in silico, in vitro, and in vivo findings with critical analysis has also been evaluated, which might pave the way for further development of phytotherapeutics to identify the potential lead candidatetoward effective and safe management of the SARS-CoV-2 disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Gour
- PK‐PD, Toxicology and Formulation DivisionCSIR‐Indian Institute of Integrative MedicineJammuIndia
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)GhaziabadUttar PradeshIndia
| | - Diksha Manhas
- PK‐PD, Toxicology and Formulation DivisionCSIR‐Indian Institute of Integrative MedicineJammuIndia
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)GhaziabadUttar PradeshIndia
| | - Swarnendu Bag
- Proteomics DivisionCSIR‐Institute of Genomics and Integrative BiologyNew DelhiIndia
| | - Bapi Gorain
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesTaylor's UniversitySubang JayaMalaysia
| | - Utpal Nandi
- PK‐PD, Toxicology and Formulation DivisionCSIR‐Indian Institute of Integrative MedicineJammuIndia
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)GhaziabadUttar PradeshIndia
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Xu XX, Zheng G, Tang SK, Liu HX, Hu YZ, Shang P. Theaflavin protects chondrocytes against apoptosis and senescence via regulating Nrf2 and ameliorates murine osteoarthritis. Food Funct 2021; 12:1590-1602. [PMID: 33471008 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02038a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress-mediated excessive apoptosis and senescence of chondrocytes are the main pathological alterations in the osteoarthritis (OA) development. The protective effects of theaflavin (TF), a common group of polyphenols in black tea, against many degenerative diseases by attenuating oxidative stress are well reported. Nevertheless, its role in the OA treatment is still scantily understood. In the current research, by applying enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits and immunofluorescent staining, TF treatment was found to inhibit tert-Butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP)-induced imbalance of anabolism and catabolism in primary mouse chondrocytes. Then, according to western blot, live-dead staining, and SA-β-gal staining, the dramatically increased level of apoptosis and senescence of chondrocytes in response to TBHP was also found to be reduced by TF administration. With regard to upstream signaling investigation, the in vitro molecular binding analysis indicated that the beneficial effects of TF might be related to the regulation of the Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 axis. Furthermore, the Silencing of Nrf2 resulted in the abolishment of the anti-apoptosis and anti-senescence effects of TF. In addition, the oral administration of TF was demonstrated to ameliorate osteoarthritis development in a surgically induced mouse OA model. Taken together, these results suggest that TF might be a promising therapeutic option for the treatment of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Xian Xu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109, Xueyuanxi road, 325027 Wenzhou, China.
| | - Gang Zheng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109, Xueyuanxi road, 325027 Wenzhou, China.
| | - Shang-Kun Tang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109, Xueyuanxi road, 325027 Wenzhou, China. and The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, China
| | - Hai-Xiao Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109, Xueyuanxi road, 325027 Wenzhou, China.
| | - Yue-Zheng Hu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109, Xueyuanxi road, 325027 Wenzhou, China.
| | - Ping Shang
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109, Xueyuanxi road, 325027 Wenzhou, China
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9
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Su J, Xu HT, Yu JJ, Yan MQ, Wang T, Wu YJ, Li B, Lu WJ, Wang C, Lei SS, Chen SM, Chen SH, Lv GY. Luteolin ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced microcirculatory disturbance through inhibiting leukocyte adhesion in rat mesenteric venules. BMC Complement Med Ther 2021; 21:33. [PMID: 33446171 PMCID: PMC7807763 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-03196-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Microcirculatory disturbance is closely associated with multiple diseases such as ischemic and septic stroke. Luteolin (3,4,5,7-tetrahydroxyflavone) is a vascular protective flavonoid present in several dietary foods. However, how luteolin plays a role in microcirculatory disturbance is still unknown. The purpose of this study was to find out the influence of luteolin on the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced microcirculatory disturbance, focusing on its effect on leukocyte adhesion and the underlying mechanism of this effect. Methods After injecting LPS into rats, we used an inverted intravital microscope to observe the velocity of red blood cells in venules, numbers of leukocytes adherent to and emigrated across the venular wall, hydrogen peroxide production in venular walls and mast cell degranulation. Intestinal microcirculation blood flow was measured by High-resolution Laser Doppler Perfusion Imaging. Histological changes of small intestine and mesenteric arteries were evaluated. Additionally, cell adhesion stimulated by LPS was tested on EA.hy926 and THP-1 cells. The production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, adhesion molecules and the activation of TLR4/Myd88/NF-κB signaling pathway were determined. Results The results showed luteolin significantly inhibited LPS-induced leukocyte adhesion, hydrogen peroxide production and mast cell degranulation, and increased intestinal microcirculation blood flow and ameliorated pathological changes in the mesenteric artery and the small intestine. Furthermore, luteolin inhibited the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, the expression of TLR4, Myd88, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1, the phosphorylation of IκB-α and NF-κB/p65 in LPS stimulated EA.hy926. Conclusions Our findings revealed that it is likely that luteolin can ameliorate microcirculatory disturbance. The inhibitory effects of luteolin on the leukocyte adhesion stimulated by LPS, which participates in the development of microcirculatory disturbance, are mediated through the regulation of the TLR4/Myd88/NF-κB signaling pathway. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12906-020-03196-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Su
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, People's Republic of China
| | - Han-Ting Xu
- Suzhou Wuzhong People's Hospital, Suzhou, 215128, China
| | - Jing-Jing Yu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei-Qiu Yan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Jun Wu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wen-Jie Lu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuan Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan-Shan Lei
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Si-Min Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, People's Republic of China
| | - Su-Hong Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, China
| | - Gui-Yuan Lv
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, People's Republic of China.
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Slco2a1 deficiency exacerbates experimental colitis via inflammasome activation in macrophages: a possible mechanism of chronic enteropathy associated with SLCO2A1 gene. Sci Rep 2020; 10:4883. [PMID: 32184453 PMCID: PMC7078201 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61775-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Loss-of-function mutations in the solute carrier organic anion transporter family, member 2a1 gene (SLCO2A1), which encodes a prostaglandin (PG) transporter, have been identified as causes of chronic nonspecific multiple ulcers in the small intestine; however, the underlying mechanisms have not been revealed. We, therefore, evaluated the effects of systemic knockout of Slco2a1 (Slco2a1−/−) and conditional knockout in intestinal epithelial cells (Slco2a1ΔIEC) and macrophages (Slco2a1ΔMP) in mice with dextran sodium sulphate (DSS)-induced acute colitis. Slco2a−/− mice were more susceptible to DSS-induced colitis than wild-type (WT) mice, but did not spontaneously develop enteritis or colitis. The nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich repeats containing family, pyrin domain-containing-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome was more strongly upregulated in colon tissues of Slco2a−/− mice administered DSS and in macrophages isolated from Slco2a1−/− mice than in the WT counterparts. Slco2a1ΔMP, but not Slco2a1ΔIEC mice, were more susceptible to DSS-induced colitis than WT mice, partly phenocopying Slco2a−/− mice. Concentrations of PGE2 in colon tissues and macrophages from Slco2a1−/− mice were significantly higher than those of WT mice. Blockade of inflammasome activation suppressed the exacerbation of colitis. These results indicated that Slco2a1-deficiency increases the PGE2 concentration, resulting in NLRP3 inflammasome activation in macrophages, thus exacerbating intestinal inflammation.
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Sobhani M, Farzaei MH, Kiani S, Khodarahmi R. Immunomodulatory; Anti-inflammatory/antioxidant Effects of Polyphenols: A Comparative Review on the Parental Compounds and Their Metabolites. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2020.1717523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Sobhani
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hosein Farzaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Sarah Kiani
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Reza Khodarahmi
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Estrogenic biological activity and underlying molecular mechanisms of green tea constituents. Trends Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2019.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Zhou R, Li X, Li L, Zhang H. Theaflavins alleviate sevoflurane-induced neurocytotoxicity via Nrf2 signaling pathway. Int J Neurosci 2019; 130:1-8. [PMID: 31518514 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2019.1667788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Aim: Sevoflurane could induce apoptosis of rat hippocampal neurons, while theaflavins (TFs) have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This study aims to explore whether TFs could alleviate sevoflurane-induced neuronal cell injury.Materials and methods: Cells were treated by concentration gradient of sevoflurane and TFs. Cell viability, level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis rate were determined by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and flow cytometry, respectively. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) and western blot were performed to determine mRNA and protein expressions.Results: TFs promoted viability of cells under the treatment of sevoflurane, while it suppressed apoptosis and down-regulated ROS level in a concentration-dependent manner. TFs could also down-regulate expression levels of caspase-3 and caspase-9 and cytosol and intranuclear nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in rat hippocampal nerve cells, while it up-regulated those of heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), NADPH quinine oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), glutamate cysteine ligase (GCL) and peroxiredoxin 1 (Prx1).Conclusions: Our study suggests that TFs exert protective effects on sevoflurane-induced neurocytotoxicity and therefore could be used as a potential drug for treatment of neuronal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongsheng Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaogang Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lu Li
- Department of the Second Anesthesia, The Honghui Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Department of the Second Anesthesia, The Honghui Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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Wu T, Xiao H, Lu L, Chen Y, Wang Y, Xia W, Long M, Tao J, Shen J, Shuai X. Polymeric Vector-Mediated Targeted Delivery of Anti-PAK1 siRNA to Macrophages for Efficient Atherosclerosis Treatment. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:4455-4462. [PMID: 33438411 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b01076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Teng Wu
- Department of Hypertension and Vascular Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
- PCFM Lab of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Hong Xiao
- PCFM Lab of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Liejing Lu
- Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Yali Chen
- Department of Hypertension and Vascular Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yong Wang
- PCFM Lab of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Wenhao Xia
- Department of Hypertension and Vascular Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Ming Long
- Department of Hypertension and Vascular Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jun Tao
- Department of Hypertension and Vascular Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jun Shen
- Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Xintao Shuai
- Department of Hypertension and Vascular Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
- PCFM Lab of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
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Alpha-lipoic acid attenuates p-cresyl sulfate-induced renal tubular injury through suppression of apoptosis and autophagy in human proximal tubular epithelial cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 112:108679. [PMID: 30798133 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The p-cresyl sulfate accumulates in kidney disease and may be involved in renal injury. α-Lipoic acid (α-LA) acts as an antioxidant in cell injury. We investigated the effects of α-LA treatment on p-cresyl sulfate-induced renal tubular injury. p-Cresyl sulfate induced cell death, and increased Bax/Bcl-2, cleaved caspase-3, Beclin-1, and LC3BII/LC3BI in human renal proximal tubular epithelial (HK-2) cells, which was counteracted by α-LA treatment. p-Cresyl sulfate-induced apoptosis was reduced by autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine, and p-cresyl sulfate induced autophagy was reduced by pan-caspase inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK. Moreover, p-cresyl sulfate treatment increased the expression of ER stress proteins and decreased the expression of baculoviral IAP repeat-containing proteins 6; these effects were prevented by α-LA treatment. Apoptosis and autophagy were associated with the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear translocation of the nuclear factor-κB p65 subunit. Pretreatment inhibitors of p38 and JNK, and knockdown of ATF4 gene reduced apoptosis- and autophagy-related protein expressions in p-cresyl sulfate treated HK-2 cells. These results demonstrate that α-lipoic acid attenuated p-cresyl sulfate-induced cell death by suppression of apoptosis and autophagy via regulation of ER stress in HK-2 cells.
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Abstract
Wine, and specifically red wine, is a beverage with a great chemical complexity comprising a particular combination of phenolic compounds which are directly associated with its health-promoting properties. Wine polyphenols could induce changes in the composition of intestinal microbiota that would affect the production of physiologically active phenolic metabolites modifying the content and phenolic profile at the systemic level. In addition, in the human population, it seems that different “metabotypes”, or patterns of metabolizing wine polyphenols, exist, which would be reflected in the different biological fluids (i.e., plasma, urine and feces) and tissues of the human body. Moreover, wine polyphenols might change the composition of oral microbiota by an antimicrobial action and/or by inhibition of the adhesion of pathogens to oral cells, thus contributing to the maintenance of oral health. In turn, polyphenols and/or its metabolites could have a direct action on brain function, by positively affecting signaling routes involved in stress-induced neuronal response, as well as by preventing neuroticism-like disorders (i.e., anxiety and depression) through anti-inflammatory and epigenetic mechanisms. All of this would condition the positive effects on health derived from moderate wine consumption. This paper reviews all these topics, which are directly related with the effects of wine polyphenols at both digestive and brain level. Further progresses expected in the coming years in these fields are also discussed.
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Wu Y, Kuraji R, Taya Y, Ito H, Numabe Y. Effects of theaflavins on tissue inflammation and bone resorption on experimental periodontitis in rats. J Periodontal Res 2018; 53:1009-1019. [PMID: 30159985 PMCID: PMC6221153 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Theaflavins (TFs), the major polyphenol in black tea, have the ability to reduce inflammation and bone resorption. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of TFs on experimental periodontitis in rats. MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirty rats were divided into five groups: Control (glycerol application without ligation), Ligature (glycerol application with ligation), TF1 (1 mg/mL TF application with ligation), TF10 (10 mg/mL TF application with ligation), and TF100 (100 mg/mL TF application with ligation). To induce experimental periodontitis, ligatures were placed around maxillary first molars bilaterally. After ligature placement, 100 μL glycerol or TFs were topically applied to the rats daily, and rats were euthanized 7 days after ligature placement. Micro-computed tomography was used to measure bone resorption in the left side of the maxilla, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to measure the expression of interleukin (IL)-6, growth-regulated gene product/cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant (Gro/Cinc-1, rat equivalent of IL-8), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (Mmp-9), receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa Β ligand (Rankl), osteoprotegerin (Opg), and the Rankl/Opg ratio in gingival tissue. With tissue from the right side of the maxilla, hematoxylin and eosin staining was used for histological analysis, immunohistochemical staining for leukocyte common antigen (CD45) was used to assess inflammation, and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining was used to observe the number of osteoclasts. RESULTS The TF10 and TF100 groups, but not the TF1 group, had significant inhibition of alveolar bone loss, reduction in inflammatory cell infiltration in the periodontium, and significantly reduced numbers of CD45-positive cells and TRAP-positive osteoclasts compared with the Ligature group. Correspondingly, the TF10 and TF100 groups had significantly downregulated gene expression of IL-6, Gro/Cinc-1(IL-8), Mmp-9, and Rankl, but not of Opg. Consequently, Rankl/Opg expression was significantly increased in the Ligation group but was attenuated in the TF10 and TF100 groups. CONCLUSION The results of this study suggest that topical application of TFs may reduce inflammation and bone resorption in experimental periodontitis. Therefore, TFs have therapeutic potential in the treatment of periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya‐Hsin Wu
- Department of PeriodontologyThe Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Ryutaro Kuraji
- Department of PeriodontologyThe Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at TokyoTokyoJapan
- Department of Life Science DentistryThe Nippon Dental UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Yuji Taya
- Department of PathologyThe Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Hiroshi Ito
- Department of PeriodontologyThe Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Yukihiro Numabe
- Department of PeriodontologyThe Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at TokyoTokyoJapan
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N-acetyl cysteine inhibits lipopolysaccharide-mediated induction of interleukin-6 synthesis in MC3T3-E1 cells through the NF-kB signaling pathway. Arch Oral Biol 2018; 93:149-154. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2018.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Fu G, Wang H, Cai Y, Zhao H, Fu W. Theaflavin alleviates inflammatory response and brain injury induced by cerebral hemorrhage via inhibiting the nuclear transcription factor kappa β-related pathway in rats. Drug Des Devel Ther 2018; 12:1609-1619. [PMID: 29928110 PMCID: PMC6003286 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s164324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is one of the most common acute cerebrovascular diseases with high mortality. Numerous studies have shown that inflammatory response played an important role in ICH-induced brain injury. Theaflavin (TF) extracted from black tea has various biological functions including anti-inflammatory activity. In this study, we investigated whether TF could inhibit ICH-induced inflammatory response in rats and explored its mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS ICH rat models were induced with type VII collagenase and pretreated with TF by gavage in different doses (25 mg/kg-100 mg/kg). Twenty-four hours after ICH attack, we evaluated the rats' behavioral performance, the blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity, and the formation of cerebral edema. The levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inflammatory cytokines were examined by 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Nissl staining and transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) were aimed to detect the neuron loss and apoptosis, the mechanism of which was explored by Western blot. RESULTS It was found that in the pretreated ICH rats TF significantly alleviated the behavioral defects, protected BBB integrity, and decreased the formation of cerebral edema and the levels of ROS as well as inflammatory cytokines (including interleukin-1 beta [IL-1β], IL-18, tumor nectosis factor-alpha, interferon-γ, transforming growth factor beta, and (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 [CXCL1]). Nissl staining and TUNEL displayed TF could protect against the neuron loss and apoptosis via inhibiting the activation of nuclear transcription factor kappa-β-p65 (NF-κβ-p65), caspase-1, and IL-1β. We also found that phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, a nonspecific activator of NF-κβ-p65, weakened the positive effect of TF on ICH-induced neural defects and neuron apoptosis by upregulating NF-κβ-related signaling pathway. CONCLUSION TF could alleviate ICH-induced inflammatory responses and brain injury in rats via inhibiting NF-κβ-related pathway, which may provide a new way for the therapy of ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanglei Fu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hua Wang
- School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Youli Cai
- School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhao
- School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenjun Fu
- School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
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Han X, Zhang J, Xue X, Zhao Y, Lu L, Cui M, Miao W, Fan S. Theaflavin ameliorates ionizing radiation-induced hematopoietic injury via the NRF2 pathway. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 113:59-70. [PMID: 28939421 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
It has been well established that reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a critical role in ionizing radiation (IR)-induced hematopoietic injury. Theaflavin (TF), a polyphenolic compound from black tea, has been implicated in the regulation of endogenous cellular antioxidant systems. However, it remains unclear whether TF could ameliorate IR-induced hematopoietic injury, particularly the hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) injury. In this study, we explored the potential role of TF in IR-induced HSC injury and the underlying mechanism in a total body irradiation (TBI) mouse model. Our results showed that TF improved survival of irradiated wild-type mice and ameliorated TBI-induced hematopoietic injury by attenuating myelosuppression and myeloid skewing, increasing HSC frequency, and promoting reconstitution of irradiated HSCs. Furthermore, TF inhibited TBI-induced HSC senescence. These effects of TF were associated with a decline in ROS levels and DNA damage in irradiated HSCs. TF reduced oxidative stress mainly by up-regulating nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) and its downstream targets in irradiated Lineage-c-kit+ positive cells. However, TF failed to improve the survival, to increase HSC frequency and to reduce ROS levels of HSCs in irradiated Nrf2-/- mice. These findings suggest that TF ameliorates IR-induced HSC injury via the NRF2 pathway. Therefore, TF has the potential to be used as a radioprotective agent to ameliorate IR-induced hematopoietic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodan Han
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Tianjin 300192, China.
| | - Junling Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Tianjin 300192, China.
| | - Xiaolei Xue
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Lu Lu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Ming Cui
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Weimin Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Disease Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300041,China
| | - Saijun Fan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Tianjin 300192, China.
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Bhattacharyya N, Mondal S, Moulik S, Paul S, Bhattacharrya S, Hazra AK, Ali MN, Adhikari A, Chatterjee A. Effect of Black Tea Polyphenol on Cell-ECM Interaction and MMP. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.4236/ajps.2017.84058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Nicotine-Induced Apoptosis in Human Renal Proximal Tubular Epithelial Cells. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0152591. [PMID: 27028622 PMCID: PMC4814027 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Nicotine is, to a large extent, responsible for smoking-mediated renal dysfunction. This study investigated nicotine’s effects on renal tubular epithelial cell apoptosis in vitro and it explored the mechanisms underlying its effects. Methods Human proximal tubular epithelial (HK-2) cells were treated with nicotine. Cell viability was examined by using the WST-1 assay. Intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the expression of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) proteins were determined. The messenger ribonucleic acid and the protein expression associated with the nicotine acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in HK-2 cells was examined, and apoptosis was detected using flow cytometry, cell cycle analysis, and immunoblot analysis. Results The HK-2 cells were endowed with nAChRs. Nicotine treatment reduced cell viability dose dependently, increased ROS levels, and increased extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and p38 MAPK expression. Nicotine increased NF-κB activation, which was attenuated by N-acetyl-L-cysteine, and ERK and JNK inhibitors, but was not affected by a p38 MAPK inhibitor. Nicotine increased the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, which was attenuated by N-acetyl-L-cysteine, the NF-κB inhibitor, Bay 11–7082, and hexamethonium, a non-specific nAChR blocker. Flow cytometry revealed nicotine-induced G2/M phase arrest. While nicotine treatment increased the expression of phosphorylated cdc2 and histone H3, a marker of G2/M phase arrest, hexamethonium and Bay 11–7082 pretreatment reduced their expression. Conclusions Nicotine caused apoptosis in HK-2 cells by inducing ROS generation that activated the NF-κB signaling pathway via the MAPK pathway and it arrested the cell cycle at the G2/M phase. Nicotine-induced apoptosis in HK-2 cells involves the nAChRs.
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An integrated global chemomics and system biology approach to analyze the mechanisms of the traditional Chinese medicinal preparation Eriobotrya japonica - Fritillaria usuriensis dropping pills for pulmonary diseases. Altern Ther Health Med 2016; 16:4. [PMID: 26742634 PMCID: PMC4705596 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-015-0983-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) herbal formulae provide valuable therapeutic strategies. However, the active ingredients and mechanisms of action remain unclear for most of these formulae. Therefore, the identification of complex mechanisms is a major challenge in TCM research. Methods This study used a network pharmacology approach to clarify the anti-inflammatory and cough suppressing mechanisms of the Chinese medicinal preparation Eriobotrya japonica – Fritillaria usuriensis dropping pills (ChuanbeiPipa dropping pills, CBPP). The chemical constituents of CBPP were identified by high-quality ultra-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC/Q-TOF-MS), and anti-inflammatory ingredients were selected and analyzed using the PharmMapper and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) bioinformatics websites to predict the target proteins and related pathways, respectively. Then, an RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq) analysis was carried out to investigate the different expression of genes in the lung tissue of rats with chronic bronchitis. Results Six main constituents affected 19 predicted pathways, including ursolic acid and oleanolic acid from Eriobotrya japonica (Thunb.) Lindl. (Eri), peiminine from Fritillaria usuriensis Maxim. (Fri), platycodigenin and polygalacic acid from Platycodon grandiflorum (Jacq.) A. DC. (Pla) and guanosine from Pinellia ternata (Thunb.) Makino. (Pin). Expression of 34 genes was significantly decreased after CBPP treatment, affecting four therapeutic functions: immunoregulation, anti-inflammation, collagen formation and muscle contraction. Conclusion The active components acted on the mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta pathway, focal adhesion, tight junctions and the action cytoskeleton to exert anti-inflammatory effects, resolve phlegm, and relieve cough. This novel approach of global chemomics-integrated systems biology represents an effective and accurate strategy for the study of TCM with multiple components and multiple target mechanisms. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12906-015-0983-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Chuang LP, Chen NH, Lin Y, Ko WS, Pang JHS. Increased MCP-1 gene expression in monocytes of severe OSA patients and under intermittent hypoxia. Sleep Breath 2015; 20:425-33. [PMID: 26354107 DOI: 10.1007/s11325-015-1252-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Revised: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is known to be a risk factor of coronary artery disease. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), as a critical factor for monocyte infiltration, is known to play a role in the development of atherosclerosis. This study aimed to investigate the effect of intermittent hypoxia, the hallmark of OSA, on the MCP-1 expression of monocytes. METHODS Peripheral blood was sampled from 61 adults enrolled for suspected OSA. RNA was prepared from the isolated monocytes for the analysis of MCP-1. The effect of in vitro intermittent hypoxia on the regulation and function of MCP-1 was investigated on THP-1 monocytic cells and human monocytes. The mRNA and secreted protein levels were investigated by RT/real-time PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. RESULTS Monocytic MCP-1 gene expression was found to be increased significantly in severe OSA patients. In vitro intermittent hypoxia was demonstrated to increase the mRNA and protein expression levels of MCP-1 dose- and time-dependently in THP-1 monocytic cells. The MCP-1 mRNA expression in monocytes isolated from OSA patient was induced to a much higher level compared to that from normal control. Pre-treatment with inhibitor for p42/44 MAPK or p38 MAPK suppressed the activation of MCP-1 expression by intermittent hypoxia. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to demonstrate the increase of MCP-1 gene expression in monocytes of severe OSA patients. In addition, monocytic MCP-1 gene expression can be induced under intermittent hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Pang Chuang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hwa 1st Road, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
- Sleep Center, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Ning-Hung Chen
- Sleep Center, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Yuling Lin
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hwa 1st Road, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Shan Ko
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hwa 1st Road, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Jong-Hwei S Pang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hwa 1st Road, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.
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Wang Y, Cui Y, Cao F, Qin Y, Li W, Zhang J. Ganglioside GD1a suppresses LPS-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines in RAW264.7 macrophages by reducing MAPKs and NF-κB signaling pathways through TLR4. Int Immunopharmacol 2015; 28:136-45. [PMID: 26054879 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2015.05.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Revised: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Gangliosides, sialic acid-containing glycosphingolipids, have been considered to be involved in the development, differentiation, and function of nervous systems in vertebrates. However, the mechanisms for anti-inflammation caused by gangliosides are not clear. In this paper, we investigated the anti-inflammation effects of ganglioside GD1a by using RAW264.7 macrophages. Our data demonstrated that treatment of macrophages with lipopolysaccharide significantly increased the production of NO and pro-inflammatory cytokines. GD1a suppressed the induction of iNOS and COX-2 mRNA and protein expression and secretory pro-inflammatory cytokines in culture medium, such as TNFα, IL-1α and IL-1β. In addition, LPS-induced phosphorylation of mitogen-activating protein kinases and IκBα degradation followed by translocation of the NF-κB from the cytoplasm to the nucleus were attenuated after GD1a treatment. Furthermore, GD1a probably inhibited LPS binding to macrophages and LPS-induced accumulation between TLR4 and MyD88. Taken together, the results demonstrated that ganglioside GD1a inhibited LPS-induced inflammation in RAW 264.7 macrophages by suppressing phosphorylation of mitogen-activating protein kinases and activation of NF-κB through repressing the Toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiren Wang
- School of Life Science, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 110016 Shenyang, PR China
| | - Yuting Cui
- School of Life Science, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 110016 Shenyang, PR China
| | - Fayang Cao
- School of Life Science, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 110016 Shenyang, PR China
| | - Yiyang Qin
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 110016 Shenyang, PR China
| | - Wenjing Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 110016 Shenyang, PR China
| | - Jinghai Zhang
- School of Medical Devices, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 117004 Benxi, PR China.
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26
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Kang NJ, Han SC, Kang GJ, Koo DH, Koh YS, Hyun JW, Lee NH, Ko MH, Kang HK, Yoo ES. Diphlorethohydroxycarmalol inhibits interleukin-6 production by regulating NF-κB, STAT5 and SOCS1 in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Mar Drugs 2015; 13:2141-57. [PMID: 25871292 PMCID: PMC4413204 DOI: 10.3390/md13042141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2015] [Revised: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Diphlorethohydroxycarmalol (DPHC) is a phlorotannin compound isolated from Ishige okamuarae, a brown alga. This study was conducted to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect and action mechanism of DPHC in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. We found that DPHC strongly reduces the production of interleukin 6 (IL-6), but not that of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) induced by LPS. DPHC (12.5 and 100 μM) suppressed the phosphorylation and the nuclear translocation of NF-kappaB (NF-κB), a central signaling molecule in the inflammation process induced by LPS. The suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1) is a negative feedback regulator of Janus kinase (Jak)-signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling. In this study, DPHC inhibited STAT5 expression and upregulated that of SOCS1 at a concentration of 100 μM. Furthermore, N-tosyl-l-phenylalanine chloromethyl ketone (TPCK) (a specific NF-κB inhibitor) and JI (a specific Jak2 inhibitor) reduced the production of IL-6, but not that of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. These findings demonstrate that DPHC inhibits IL-6 production via the downregulation of NF-κB and Jak2-STAT5 pathway and upregulation of SOCS1.
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MESH Headings
- Administration, Cutaneous
- Animals
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/administration & dosage
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/isolation & purification
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/pharmacology
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/therapeutic use
- Dermatitis, Atopic/immunology
- Dermatitis, Atopic/pathology
- Dermatitis, Atopic/prevention & control
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects
- Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring/administration & dosage
- Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring/isolation & purification
- Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring/pharmacology
- Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring/therapeutic use
- Interleukin-6/antagonists & inhibitors
- Interleukin-6/metabolism
- Lipopolysaccharides/antagonists & inhibitors
- Lipopolysaccharides/toxicity
- Macrophages/drug effects
- Macrophages/immunology
- Macrophages/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- NF-kappa B/antagonists & inhibitors
- NF-kappa B/metabolism
- Pacific Ocean
- Phaeophyceae/chemistry
- Phaeophyceae/growth & development
- RAW 264.7 Cells
- Republic of Korea
- STAT5 Transcription Factor/antagonists & inhibitors
- STAT5 Transcription Factor/genetics
- STAT5 Transcription Factor/metabolism
- Skin/drug effects
- Skin/immunology
- Skin/pathology
- Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms
- Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 1 Protein
- Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling Proteins/agonists
- Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling Proteins/genetics
- Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling Proteins/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Na-Jin Kang
- Department of Biomedicine & Drug Development, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Korea.
| | - Sang-Chul Han
- Department of Medicine, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju 690-756, Korea.
| | - Gyeoung-Jin Kang
- Department of Medicine, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju 690-756, Korea.
| | - Dong-Hwan Koo
- Department of Biomedicine & Drug Development, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Korea.
| | - Young-Sang Koh
- Department of Biomedicine & Drug Development, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Korea.
- Department of Medicine, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju 690-756, Korea.
| | - Jin-Won Hyun
- Department of Biomedicine & Drug Development, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Korea.
- Department of Medicine, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju 690-756, Korea.
| | - Nam-Ho Lee
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Korea.
| | - Mi-Hee Ko
- Jeju Biodiversity Research Institute (JBRI), JejuTechnopark (JTP), Jeju 690-787, Korea.
| | - Hee-Kyoung Kang
- Department of Biomedicine & Drug Development, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Korea.
- Department of Medicine, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju 690-756, Korea.
| | - Eun-Sook Yoo
- Department of Biomedicine & Drug Development, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Korea.
- Department of Medicine, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju 690-756, Korea.
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27
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Xia Y, Lian S, Khoi PN, Yoon HJ, Han JY, Chay KO, Kim KK, Jung YD. Chrysin inhibits cell invasion by inhibition of Recepteur d'origine Nantais via suppressing early growth response-1 and NF-κB transcription factor activities in gastric cancer cells. Int J Oncol 2015; 46:1835-43. [PMID: 25625479 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2015.2847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell invasion is one of crucial reasons for cancer metastasis and malignancy. Recepteur d'origine Nantais (RON) has been reported to play an important role in the cancer cell invasion process. High accumulation and activation of RON has been implicated in gastric adenocarcinoma AGS cells. Chrysin is a naturally occurring phytochemical, a type of flavonoid, which has been reported to suppress tumor metastasis. However, the effects of chrysin on RON expression in gastric cancer are not well studied. In the present study, we examined whether chrysin affects RON expression in gastric cancer, and if so, its underlying mechanism. We examined the effect of chrysin on RON expression and activity, via RT-PCR, promoter study, and western blotting in human gastric cancer AGS cells. Chrysin significantly inhibited endogenous and inducible RON expression in a dose-dependent manner. After demonstrating that Egr-1 and NF-κB are the critically required transcription factors for RON expression, we discovered that chrysin suppressed Egr-1 and NF-κB transcription factor activities. Additionally, the phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate- (PMA) induced cell invasion was partially abrogated by chrysin and an RON antibody. Our results suggest that chrysin has anticancer effects at least by suppressing RON expression through blocking Egr-1 and NF-κB in gastric cancer AGS cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Xia
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-190, Republic of Korea
| | - Sen Lian
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-190, Republic of Korea
| | - Pham Ngoc Khoi
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-190, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Joong Yoon
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-190, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Young Han
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-190, Republic of Korea
| | - Kee Oh Chay
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-190, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Keun Kim
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-190, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Do Jung
- Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 501-190, Republic of Korea
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28
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Theaflavins inhibit pathogenic properties of P. gingivalis and MMPs production in P. gingivalis-stimulated human gingival fibroblasts. Arch Oral Biol 2014; 60:12-22. [PMID: 25244614 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2014.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Revised: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 08/30/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Theaflavins, the main polyphenols in black tea, possesses a wide range of beneficial pharmacological properties. Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) is a major aetiological agent associated with periodontitis, a chronic inflammatory disease affecting tooth-supporting tissues. The aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of theaflavins on pathogenic properties of P. gingivalis and on periodontitis by inhibiting matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) production induced by this oral pathogen. METHODS Microplate dilution assays were performed to determine the effect of theaflavins against planktonic culture and biofilm of P. gingivalis. The effect of theaflavins on gingipain and collagenase activities of P. gingivalis was evaluated using synthetic chromogenic peptides and fluorogenic substrate. Human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) were stimulated with P. gingivalis in the presence or absence of theaflavins, and then MMP-1, -2 secretion and their mRNA expression were assessed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and real-time PCR analysis, respectively. RESULTS Theaflavins exhibited the antimicrobial effects against both planktonic culture and biofilm of P. gingivalis. Theaflavins also markedly inhibited the proteinase activities of P. gingivalis collagenase and gingipains in a dose-dependent manner. Lastly, theaflavins significantly inhibited the secretion and mRNA expression of MMP-1 and MMP-2 by HGFs stimulated with P. gingivalis. CONCLUSION Theaflavins can affect the virulent properties of P. gingivalis and attenuate the MMP-mediated inflammatory response induced by this pathogen, which suggests that theaflavins may be potentially valuable supplementary therapeutic agent for prevention and treatment of P. gingivalis-associated periodontal diseases.
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29
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Zhang X, Wang G, Gurley EC, Zhou H. Flavonoid apigenin inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory response through multiple mechanisms in macrophages. PLoS One 2014; 9:e107072. [PMID: 25192391 PMCID: PMC4156420 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0107072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2014] [Accepted: 08/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Apigenin is a non-toxic natural flavonoid that is abundantly present in common fruits and vegetables. It has been reported that apigenin has various beneficial health effects such as anti-inflammation and chemoprevention. Multiple studies have shown that inflammation is an important risk factor for atherosclerosis, diabetes, sepsis, various liver diseases, and other metabolic diseases. Although it has been long realized that apigenin has anti-inflammatory activities, the underlying functional mechanisms are still not fully understood. Methodology and Principal Findings In the present study, we examined the effect of apigenin on LPS-induced inflammatory response and further elucidated the potential underlying mechanisms in human THP-1-induced macrophages and mouse J774A.1 macrophages. By using the PrimePCR array, we were able to identify the major target genes regulated by apigenin in LPS-mediated immune response. The results indicated that apigenin significantly inhibited LPS-induced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α through modulating multiple intracellular signaling pathways in macrophages. Apigenin inhibited LPS-induced IL-1β production by inhibiting caspase-1 activation through the disruption of the NLRP3 inflammasome assembly. Apigenin also prevented LPS-induced IL-6 and IL-1β production by reducing the mRNA stability via inhibiting ERK1/2 activation. In addition, apigenin significantly inhibited TNF-α and IL-1β-induced activation of NF-κB. Conclusion and Significance Apigenin Inhibits LPS-induced Inflammatory Response through multiple mechanisms in macrophages. These results provided important scientific evidences for the potential application of apigenin as a therapeutic agent for inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxuan Zhang
- Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P. R. China
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Guangji Wang
- Center of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P. R. China
- * E-mail: (HZ); (GW)
| | - Emily C. Gurley
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Huiping Zhou
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
- Department of Internal Medicine/Gastroenterology and McGuire Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America
- School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, P. R. China
- * E-mail: (HZ); (GW)
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30
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Curcumin inhibits monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 expression and enhances cholesterol efflux by suppressing the c-Jun N-terminal kinase pathway in macrophage. Inflamm Res 2014; 63:841-50. [DOI: 10.1007/s00011-014-0758-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2013] [Revised: 06/09/2014] [Accepted: 07/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
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31
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Li A, Dong L, Duan ML, Sun K, Liu YY, Wang MX, Deng JN, Fan JY, Wang BE, Han JY. Emodin improves lipopolysaccharide-induced microcirculatory disturbance in rat mesentery. Microcirculation 2014; 20:617-28. [PMID: 23551520 DOI: 10.1111/micc.12061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2012] [Accepted: 03/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Emodin is a major ingredient of Rheum Palmatum, a Chinese herb that is widely used in China for treatment of endotoxemia-related diseases. This study intended to examine the effect of Emodin on LPS-induced rat mesenteric microcirculatory disturbance and the underlying mechanisms. METHODS The male Wistar rats received LPS (5 mg/kg/hr) for 90 min, with or without administration of Emodin (10 mg/kg/hr) by enema 30 min before (pre-treatment) or after (post-treatment) LPS infusion, and the dynamics of mesenteric microcirculation were determined by inverted intravital microscopy. Expression of adhesion molecules and TLR4, NF-κB p65, ICAM-1, MPO, and AP-1 in mesentery tissue was evaluated by flow cytometry and Western-blot, respectively. RESULTS Pre or post-treatment with Emodin significantly ameliorated LPS-induced leukocyte emigration, reactive oxygen species production and albumin leakage, and the expression of TLR4, NF-κB p65, ICAM-1, MPO and AP-1 in mesentery. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate the beneficial role of Emodin in attenuating the LPS-induced microcirculatory disturbance, and support the use of Emodin for patients with endotoxemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ang Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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32
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Yun HM, Park KR, Lee HP, Lee DH, Jo M, Shin DH, Yoon DY, Han SB, Hong JT. PRDX6 promotes lung tumor progression via its GPx and iPLA2 activities. Free Radic Biol Med 2014; 69:367-76. [PMID: 24512906 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2014.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2013] [Revised: 01/31/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
PRDX6 is a bifunctional protein with both glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and calcium-independent phospholipase A2 (iPLA2) activities, which are concomitantly increased with the expression of PRDX6. PRDX6 promoted lung tumor growth in an in vivo allograft model. Herein, we further studied the vital roles in tumor progression of PRDX6 in lung cancer using nude mice bearing PRDX6-overexpressing lung cancer cells. Nude mice xenografted with PRDX6 showed increases in tumor size and weight compared to control mice. Histopathological and Western blotting examination demonstrated that expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen, vascular endothelial growth factor, metalloproteinases 2 and 9, and cyclin-dependent kinases accompanied by increased iPLA2 and GPx activities were increased in the tumor tissues of PRDX6-overexpressing nude mice. In tumor tissues of PRDX6-overexpressing mice, the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases and AP-1 DNA binding were also increased. The growth of lung cancer cell lines (A549 and NCI-H460) was enhanced by the increase in iPLA2 and GPx activities of PRDX6. In addition, mutant PRDX6 (C47S) attenuated PRDX6-mediated p38, ERK1/2, and AP-1 activities as well as its enzyme activities in the A549 and NCI-H460 lines. Furthermore, tumor growth and p38, ERK1/2, and AP-1 activities were also inhibited in nude mice bearing mutant PRDX6 (C47S) compared to PRDX6. Therefore, our findings indicate that PRDX6 promotes lung tumor growth via increased glutathione peroxidase and iPLA2 activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung-Mun Yun
- College of Pharmacy & Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Ran Park
- College of Pharmacy & Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Peum Lee
- College of Pharmacy & Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hun Lee
- College of Pharmacy & Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Miran Jo
- College of Pharmacy & Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk 361-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Dea Hwan Shin
- Research Center for Cell Fate Control, College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women׳s University, Seoul 140-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Young Yoon
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul 150-716, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Bae Han
- College of Pharmacy & Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk 361-763, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jin Tae Hong
- College of Pharmacy & Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk 361-763, Republic of Korea.
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Chiou YS, Wu JC, Huang Q, Shahidi F, Wang YJ, Ho CT, Pan MH. Metabolic and colonic microbiota transformation may enhance the bioactivities of dietary polyphenols. J Funct Foods 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2013.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
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High-throughput screen of natural product libraries for hsp90 inhibitors. BIOLOGY 2014; 3:101-38. [PMID: 24833337 PMCID: PMC4009755 DOI: 10.3390/biology3010101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2014] [Revised: 01/22/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hsp90 has become the target of intensive investigation, as inhibition of its function has the ability to simultaneously incapacitate proteins that function in pathways that represent the six hallmarks of cancer. While a number of Hsp90 inhibitors have made it into clinical trials, a number of short-comings have been noted, such that the search continues for novel Hsp90 inhibitors with superior pharmacological properties. To identify new potential Hsp90 inhibitors, we have utilized a high-throughput assay based on measuring Hsp90-dependent refolding of thermally denatured luciferase to screen natural compound libraries. Over 4,000 compounds were screen with over 100 hits. Data mining of the literature indicated that 51 compounds had physiological effects that Hsp90 inhibitors also exhibit, and/or the ability to downregulate the expression levels of Hsp90-dependent proteins. Of these 51 compounds, seven were previously characterized as Hsp90 inhibitors. Four compounds, anthothecol, garcinol, piplartine, and rottlerin, were further characterized, and the ability of these compounds to inhibit the refolding of luciferase, and reduce the rate of growth of MCF7 breast cancer cells, correlated with their ability to suppress the Hsp90-dependent maturation of the heme-regulated eIF2α kinase, and deplete cultured cells of Hsp90-dependent client proteins. Thus, this screen has identified an additional 44 compounds with known beneficial pharmacological properties, but with unknown mechanisms of action as possible new inhibitors of the Hsp90 chaperone machine.
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35
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Jackson AR, Hegde VL, Nagarkatti PS, Nagarkatti M. Characterization of endocannabinoid-mediated induction of myeloid-derived suppressor cells involving mast cells and MCP-1. J Leukoc Biol 2013; 95:609-19. [PMID: 24319288 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.0613350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Endocannabinoids are lipid-signaling molecules found in the nervous system; however, their precise role in the periphery is unclear. In the current study, we observed that a single i.p. administration of AEA caused rapid induction of MDSCs. The MDSCs contained a mixture of granulocytic and monocytic subtypes and expressed Arg-1 and iNOS. The MDSCs suppressed T cell proliferation in vitro and used iNOS to mediate their effect. Moreover, adoptive transfer of MDSCs led to suppression of mBSA-induced DTH. Through the use of pharmacological inhibition, as well as genetic knockout mice, we found that the induction of MDSCs by AEA was CB1-dependent. The induction of MDSCs by AEA was reduced significantly in mast cell-deficient mice, while maintained in LPS-insensitive mice, showing that the induction of MDSCs by AEA was dependent, at least in part, on mast cells and independent of TLR4. Chemokine analysis of AEA- treated WT mice showed an early spike of MCP-1, which was decreased in Kit(W/W-sh) mice, showing a role of mast cells in the secretion of MCP-1 in response to AEA. Also, use of antibodies against MCP-1 or mice deficient in MCP-1 confirmed the role played by MCP-1. Interestingly, MCP-1 played a significant role in the induction of monocytic but not granulocytic MDSCs. Our studies demonstrate for the first time that endocannaboinids activate CB1 on mast cells to induce MCP-1, which facilitates recruitment of monocytic MDSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin R Jackson
- 1.Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, 6439 Garner's Ferry Rd., Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
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36
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Shen CL, Chyu MC, Wang JS. Tea and bone health: steps forward in translational nutrition. Am J Clin Nutr 2013; 98:1694S-1699S. [PMID: 24172296 PMCID: PMC3831545 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.113.058255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a major health problem in the aging population worldwide. Cross-sectional and retrospective evidence indicates that tea consumption may be a promising approach in mitigating bone loss and in reducing risk of osteoporotic fractures among older adults. Tea polyphenols enhance osteoblastogenesis and suppress osteoclastogenesis in vitro. Animal studies reveal that intake of tea polyphenols have pronounced positive effects on bone as shown by higher bone mass and trabecular bone volume, number, and thickness and lower trabecular separation via increasing bone formation and inhibition of bone resorption, resulting in greater bone strength. These osteoprotective effects appear to be mediated through antioxidant or antiinflammatory pathways along with their downstream signaling mechanisms. A short-term clinical trial of green tea polyphenols has translated the findings from ovariectomized animals to postmenopausal osteopenic women through evaluation of bioavailability, safety, bone turnover markers, muscle strength, and quality of life. For future studies, preclinical animal studies to optimize the dose of tea polyphenols for maximum osteoprotective efficacy and a follow-up short-term dose-response trial in postmenopausal osteopenic women are necessary to inform the design of randomized controlled studies in at-risk populations. Advanced imaging technology should also contribute to determining the effective dose of tea polyphenols in achieving better bone mass, microarchitecture integrity, and bone strength, which are critical steps for translating the putative benefit of tea consumption in osteoporosis management into clinical practice and dietary guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chwan-Li Shen
- Department of Pathology (C-LS and M-CC) and the Laura W Bush Institute for Women's Health (C-LS), Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX; the Department of Mechanical Engineering and the Graduate Healthcare Engineering Option, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX (M-CC); and the Department of Environmental Health Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA (J-SW)
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37
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Abstract
Green and black teas contain different biologically active polyphenolic compounds that might offer protection against a variety of human diseases. Although promising experimental and clinical data have shown protective effects, limited information is available on how these beneficial effects of tea polyphenols are mediated at the cellular level. Evidence is accumulating that catechins in green tea as well as theaflavins and thearubigins from black tea are the substances responsible for the physiologic effects of tea in vitro. The green tea catechin epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is generally considered to be the biologically most active compound in vitro. The changes in the activities of various protein kinases, growth factors, and transcription factors represent a common mechanism involved in cellular effects of tea polyphenols. In addition to modification of intracellular signaling by activation of cellular receptors, it was shown that, at least for EGCG, tea polyphenols can enter the cells and directly interact with their molecular targets within cells. There, they frequently result in opposite effects in primary compared with tumor cells. Although tea polyphenols were long regarded as antioxidants, research in recent years has uncovered their prooxidant properties. The use of high nonphysiologic concentrations in many cell culture studies raises questions about the biological relevance of the observed effects for the in vivo situation. Efforts to attribute functional effects in vivo to specific molecular targets at the cellular level are still ongoing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Lorenz
- From Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Medizinische Klinik für Kardiologie und Angiologie, CCM, Berlin, Germany
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Jo M, Yun HM, Park KR, Hee Park M, Myoung Kim T, Ho Pak J, Jae Lee S, Moon DC, Park CW, Song S, Lee CK, Bae Han S, Tae Hong J. Lung tumor growth-promoting function of peroxiredoxin 6. Free Radic Biol Med 2013; 61:453-63. [PMID: 23643677 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2013.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2012] [Revised: 04/17/2013] [Accepted: 04/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
This study compared lung tumor growth in PRDX6-overexpressing transgenic (Tg) mice and normal mice. These mice expressed elevated levels of PRDX6 mRNA and protein in multiple tissues. In vivo, Tg mice displayed a greater increase in the growth of lung tumor compared with normal mice. Glutathione peroxidase and calcium-independent phospholipase 2 (iPLA2) activities in tumor tissues of Tg mice were much higher than in tumor tissues of normal mice. Higher tumor growth in PRDX6-overexpressing Tg mice was associated with an increase in activating protein-1 (AP-1) DNA-binding activity. Moreover, expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen, Ki67, vascular endothelial growth factor, c-Jun, c-Fos, metalloproteinase-9, cyclin-dependent kinases, and cyclins was much higher in the tumor tissues of PRDX6-overexpressing Tg mice than in tumor tissues of normal mice. However, the expression of apoptotic regulatory proteins including caspase-3 and Bax was slightly less in the tumor tissues of normal mice. In tumor tissues of PRDX6-overexpressing Tg mice, activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) was much higher than in normal mice. In cultured lung cancer cells, PRDX6 siRNA suppressed glutathione peroxidase and iPLA2 activities and cancer cell growth, but the enforced overexpression of PRDX6 increased cancer cell growth associated with their increased activities. In vitro, among the tested MAPK inhibitors, c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitor clearly suppressed the growth of lung cancer cells and AP-1 DNA binding, glutathione peroxidase activity, and iPLA2 activity in normal and PRDX6-overexpressing lung cancer cells. These data indicate that overexpression of PRDX6 promotes lung tumor growth via increased glutathione peroxidase and iPLA2 activities through the upregulation of the AP-1 and JNK pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miran Jo
- College of Pharmacy, Medical Research Center, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763, Korea
| | - Hyung-Mun Yun
- College of Pharmacy, Medical Research Center, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763, Korea
| | - Kyung-Ran Park
- College of Pharmacy, Medical Research Center, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763, Korea
| | - Mi Hee Park
- College of Pharmacy, Medical Research Center, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763, Korea
| | - Tae Myoung Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763, Korea
| | - Jhang Ho Pak
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 138-736, Korea
| | - Soo Jae Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Medical Research Center, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763, Korea
| | - Dong Cheul Moon
- College of Pharmacy, Medical Research Center, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763, Korea
| | - Chun-Woong Park
- College of Pharmacy, Medical Research Center, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763, Korea
| | - Sukgil Song
- College of Pharmacy, Medical Research Center, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763, Korea
| | - Chong-Kil Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Medical Research Center, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763, Korea
| | - Sang Bae Han
- College of Pharmacy, Medical Research Center, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763, Korea
| | - Jin Tae Hong
- College of Pharmacy, Medical Research Center, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763, Korea.
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39
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Modulation of immune function by polyphenols: possible contribution of epigenetic factors. Nutrients 2013; 5:2314-32. [PMID: 23812304 PMCID: PMC3738975 DOI: 10.3390/nu5072314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2013] [Revised: 05/15/2013] [Accepted: 05/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Several biological activities have been described for polyphenolic compounds, including a modulator effect on the immune system. The effects of these biologically active compounds on the immune system are associated to processes as differentiation and activation of immune cells. Among the mechanisms associated to immune regulation are epigenetic modifications as DNA methylation of regulatory sequences, histone modifications and posttranscriptional repression by microRNAs that influences the gene expression of key players involved in the immune response. Considering that polyphenols are able to regulate the immune function and has been also demonstrated an effect on epigenetic mechanisms, it is possible to hypothesize that there exists a mediator role of epigenetic mechanisms in the modulation of the immune response by polyphenols.
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40
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Black tea in chemo-prevention of cancer and other human diseases. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2013.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Wang J, Liao Y, Fan J, Ye T, Sun X, Dong S. Apigenin inhibits the expression of IL-6, IL-8, and ICAM-1 in DEHP-stimulated human umbilical vein endothelial cells and in vivo. Inflammation 2013; 35:1466-76. [PMID: 22527144 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-012-9460-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) in house dust is associated with asthma and allergic inflammatory symptoms in children. This study aimed to examine an inhibitory effect of a flavonoid apigenin on DEHP-stimulated inflammatory responses in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). We found that apigenin significantly suppressed DEHP-stimulated expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) at the mRNA and protein levels and subsequently inhibited the adhesion of THP-1 monocytic cells to HUVECs. Treatment with apigenin also led to a dose-dependent inhibition of mRNA and protein expression of interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 in DEHP-stimulated HUVECs. Moreover, pretreatment with apigenin partially inhibited the DEHP-induced activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) but not the degradation of IκBα or the phosphorylation of extracellular-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2, indicating that the inhibitory effect of apigenin on the expression of IL-6, IL-8, and ICAM-1 may be mediated by JNK pathway but not IκBα/nuclear factor-κB or ERK/mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. Furthermore, apigenin reduced the release of IL-6, IL-8, and ICAM-1 and inhibited compound 48/80-induced systemic anaphylaxis in vivo. These results suggest that apigenin can be used as a therapeutic means for the treatment of DEHP-associated allergic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Wang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China
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Choi HJ, Chung TW, Kim JE, Jeong HS, Joo M, Cha J, Kim CH, Ha KT. Aesculin inhibits matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression via p38 mitogen activated protein kinase and activator protein 1 in lipopolysachride-induced RAW264.7 cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2012; 14:267-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2012.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2011] [Revised: 06/24/2012] [Accepted: 07/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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