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Lu Y, Berenson A, Lane R, Guelin I, Li Z, Chen Y, Shah S, Yin M, Soto-Ugaldi LF, Fiszbein A, Fuxman Bass JI. A large-scale cancer-specific protein-DNA interaction network. Life Sci Alliance 2024; 7:e202402641. [PMID: 39013578 PMCID: PMC11252446 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202402641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer development and progression are generally associated with gene dysregulation, often resulting from changes in the transcription factor (TF) sequence or expression. Identifying key TFs involved in cancer gene regulation provides a framework for potential new therapeutics. This study presents a large-scale cancer gene TF-DNA interaction network, as well as an extensive promoter clone resource for future studies. Highly connected TFs bind to promoters of genes associated with either good or poor cancer prognosis, suggesting that strategies aimed at shifting gene expression balance between these two prognostic groups may be inherently complex. However, we identified potential for oncogene-targeted therapeutics, with half of the tested oncogenes being potentially repressed by influencing specific activators or bifunctional TFs. Finally, we investigate the role of intrinsically disordered regions within the key cancer-related TF ESR1 in DNA binding and transcriptional activity, and found that these regions can have complex trade-offs in TF function. Altogether, our study broadens our knowledge of the TFs involved in cancer gene regulation and provides a valuable resource for future studies and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunwei Lu
- https://ror.org/05qwgg493 Biology Department, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anna Berenson
- https://ror.org/05qwgg493 Biology Department, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- https://ror.org/05qwgg493 Molecular Biology, Cellular Biology and Biochemistry Program, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ryan Lane
- https://ror.org/05qwgg493 Biology Department, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Isabelle Guelin
- https://ror.org/05qwgg493 Biology Department, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zhaorong Li
- https://ror.org/05qwgg493 Bioinformatics Program, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yilin Chen
- https://ror.org/05qwgg493 Biology Department, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sakshi Shah
- https://ror.org/05qwgg493 Biology Department, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Meimei Yin
- https://ror.org/05qwgg493 Biology Department, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Ana Fiszbein
- https://ror.org/05qwgg493 Biology Department, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- https://ror.org/05qwgg493 Molecular Biology, Cellular Biology and Biochemistry Program, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- https://ror.org/05qwgg493 Bioinformatics Program, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Juan Ignacio Fuxman Bass
- https://ror.org/05qwgg493 Biology Department, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- https://ror.org/05qwgg493 Molecular Biology, Cellular Biology and Biochemistry Program, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- https://ror.org/05qwgg493 Bioinformatics Program, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
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2
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Graves D, Akkerman N, Fulham L, Helwer R, Pelka P. Molecular insights into type I interferon suppression and enhanced pathogenicity by species B human adenoviruses B7 and B14. mBio 2024; 15:e0103824. [PMID: 38940561 PMCID: PMC11323573 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01038-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Human adenoviruses (HAdVs) are small DNA viruses that generally cause mild disease. Certain strains, particularly those belonging to species B HAdVs, can cause severe pneumonia and have a relatively high mortality rate. Little is known about the molecular aspects of how these highly pathogenic species affect the infected cell and how they suppress innate immunity. The present study provides molecular insights into how species B adenoviruses suppress the interferon signaling pathway. Our study shows that these viruses, unlike HAdV-C2, are resistant to type I interferon. This resistance likely arises due to the highly efficient suppression of interferon-stimulated gene expression. Unlike in HAdV-C2, HAdV-B7 and B14 sequester STAT2 and RNA polymerase II from interferon-stimulated gene promoters in infected cells. This results in suppressed interferon- stimulated gene activation. In addition, we show that RuvBL1 and RuvBL2, cofactors important for RNA polymerase II recruitment to promoters and interferon-stimulated gene activation, are redirected to the cytoplasm forming high molecular weight complexes that, likely, are unable to associate with chromatin. Proteomic analysis also identified key differences in the way these viruses affect the host cell, providing insights into species B-associated high pathogenicity. Curiously, we observed that at the level of protein expression changes to the infected cell, HAdV-C2 and B7 were more similar than those of the same species, B7 and B14. Collectively, our study represents the first such study of innate immune suppression by the highly pathogenic HAdV-B7 and B14, laying an important foundation for future investigations.IMPORTANCEHuman adenoviruses form a large family of double-stranded DNA viruses known for a variety of usually mild diseases. Certain strains of human adenovirus cause severe pneumonia leading to much higher mortality and morbidity than most other strains. The reasons for this enhanced pathogenicity are unknown. Our study provides a molecular investigation of how these highly pathogenic strains might inactivate the interferon signaling pathway, highlighting the lack of sensitivity of these viruses to type I interferon in general while providing a global picture of how viral changes in cellular proteins drive worse disease outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Drayson Graves
- Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Nikolas Akkerman
- Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Lauren Fulham
- Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Rafe Helwer
- Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Peter Pelka
- Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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3
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Hashoul D, Saliba W, Broza YY, Haick H. Non-contact immunological signaling for highly-efficient regulation of the transcriptional map of human monocytes. Bioeng Transl Med 2024; 9:e10519. [PMID: 38818125 PMCID: PMC11135151 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The different immune system cells communicate and coordinate a response using a complex and evolved language of cytokines and chemokines. These cellular interactions carry out multiple functions in distinct cell types with numerous developmental outcomes. Despite the plethora of different cytokines and their cognate receptors, there is a restricted number of signal transducers and activators to control immune responses. Herein, we report on a new class of immunomodulatory signaling molecules based on volatile molecules (VMs, namely, volatile organic compounds [VOCs]), by which they can affect and/or control immune cell behavior and transcriptomic profile without any physical contact with other cells. The study demonstrates the role of VMs by analyzing non-contact cell communication between normal and cancerous lung cells and U937 monocytes, which are key players in the tumor microenvironment. Integrated transcriptome and proteome analyses showed the suggested regulatory role of VMs released from normal and cancer cells on neighboring monocytes in several molecular pathways, including PI3K/AKT, PPAR, and HIF-1. Presented data provide an initial platform for a new class of immunomodulatory molecules that can potentially mirror the genomic and proteomic profile of cells, thereby paving the way toward non-invasive immunomonitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina Hashoul
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Russell Berrie Nanotechnology InstituteTechnion ‐ Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifaIsrael
| | - Walaa Saliba
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Russell Berrie Nanotechnology InstituteTechnion ‐ Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifaIsrael
| | - Yoav Y. Broza
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Russell Berrie Nanotechnology InstituteTechnion ‐ Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifaIsrael
| | - Hossam Haick
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Russell Berrie Nanotechnology InstituteTechnion ‐ Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifaIsrael
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4
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Zhu Z, Peng Q, Duan X, Li J. Interleukin-12: Structure, Function, and Its Impact in Colorectal Cancer. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2024; 44:158-169. [PMID: 38498032 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2023.0190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Interleukin 12 (IL-12) is a heterodimer consisting of 2 subunits, p35 and p40, with unique associations and interacting functions with its family members. IL-12 is one of the most important cytokines regulating the immune system response and is integral to adaptive immunity. IL-12 has shown marked therapeutic potential in a variety of tumor types. This review therefore summarizes the characteristics of IL-12 and its application in tumor treatment, focusing on its antitumor effects in colorectal cancer (CRC) and potential radiosensitization mechanisms. We aim to provide a current reference for IL-12 and other potential CRC treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Zhu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Peng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Radiation Oncology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingmei Duan
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, People's Republic of. China
| | - Jie Li
- School of Medicine, Southwest Medical University of China, Luzhou, People's Republic of China
- Department of Radiotherapy, Radiation Oncology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
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5
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Wu R, Lim MS. Updates in pathobiological aspects of anaplastic large cell lymphoma. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1241532. [PMID: 37810974 PMCID: PMC10556522 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1241532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Anaplastic large cell lymphomas (ALCL) encompass several distinct subtypes of mature T-cell neoplasms that are unified by the expression of CD30 and anaplastic cytomorphology. Identification of the cytogenetic abnormality t(2;5)(p23;q35) led to the subclassification of ALCLs into ALK+ ALCL and ALK- ALCL. According to the most recent World Health Organization (WHO) Classification of Haematolymphoid Tumours as well as the International Consensus Classification (ICC) of Mature Lymphoid Neoplasms, ALCLs encompass ALK+ ALCL, ALK- ALCL, and breast implant-associated ALCL (BI-ALCL). Approximately 80% of systemic ALCLs harbor rearrangement of ALK, with NPM1 being the most common partner gene, although many other fusion partner genes have been identified to date. ALK- ALCLs represent a heterogeneous group of lymphomas with distinct clinical, immunophenotypic, and genetic features. A subset harbor recurrent rearrangement of genes, including TYK2, DUSP22, and TP63, with a proportion for which genetic aberrations have yet to be characterized. Although primary cutaneous ALCL (pc-ALCL) is currently classified as a subtype of primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, due to the large anaplastic and pleomorphic morphology together with CD30 expression in the malignant cells, this review also discusses the pathobiological features of this disease entity. Genomic and proteomic studies have contributed significant knowledge elucidating novel signaling pathways that are implicated in ALCL pathogenesis and represent candidate targets of therapeutic interventions. This review aims to offer perspectives on recent insights regarding the pathobiological and genetic features of ALCL.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Megan S. Lim
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
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6
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Mackie J, Ma CS, Tangye SG, Guerin A. The ups and downs of STAT3 function: too much, too little and human immune dysregulation. Clin Exp Immunol 2023; 212:107-116. [PMID: 36652220 PMCID: PMC10128169 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxad007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The STAT3 story has almost 30 years of evolving history. First identified in 1994 as a pro-inflammatory transcription factor, Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3) has continued to be revealed as a quintessential pleiotropic signalling module spanning fields including infectious diseases, autoimmunity, vaccine responses, metabolism, and malignancy. In 2007, germline heterozygous dominant-negative loss-of-function variants in STAT3 were discovered as the most common cause for a triad of eczematoid dermatitis with recurrent skin and pulmonary infections, first described in 1966. This finding established that STAT3 plays a critical non-redundant role in immunity against some pathogens, as well as in the connective tissue, dental and musculoskeletal systems. Several years later, in 2014, heterozygous activating gain of function germline STAT3 variants were found to be causal for cases of early-onset multiorgan autoimmunity, thereby underpinning the notion that STAT3 function needed to be regulated to maintain immune homeostasis. As we and others continue to interrogate biochemical and cellular perturbations due to inborn errors in STAT3, we will review our current understanding of STAT3 function, mechanisms of disease pathogenesis, and future directions in this dynamic field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Mackie
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Cindy S Ma
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Stuart G Tangye
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Antoine Guerin
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
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7
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Sun Q, Zhao X, Li R, Liu D, Pan B, Xie B, Chi X, Cai D, Wei P, Xu W, Wei K, Zhao Z, Fu Y, Ni L, Dong C. STAT3 regulates CD8+ T cell differentiation and functions in cancer and acute infection. J Exp Med 2023; 220:e20220686. [PMID: 36688918 PMCID: PMC9884582 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20220686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
In cancer, persistent antigens drive CD8+ T cell differentiation into exhausted progenitor (Texprog) and terminally exhausted (Texterm) cells. However, how the extrinsic and intrinsic regulatory mechanisms cooperate during this process still remains not well understood. Here, we found that STAT3 signaling plays essential roles in promoting intratumor Texterm cell development by enhancing their effector functions and survival, which results in better tumor control. In tumor microenvironments, STAT3 is predominantly activated by IL-10 and IL-21, but not IL-6. Besides, STAT3 also plays critical roles in the development and function of terminally differentiated effector CD8+ T cells in acute infection. Mechanistically, STAT3 transcriptionally promotes the expression of effector function-related genes, while it suppresses those expressed by the progenitor Tex subset. Moreover, STAT3 functions in collaboration with BATF and IRF4 to mediate chromatin activation at the effector gene loci. Thus, we have elucidated the roles of STAT3 signaling in terminally differentiated CD8+ T cell development, especially in cancer, which benefits the development of more effective immunotherapies against tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinli Sun
- Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohong Zhao
- Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Ruifeng Li
- Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Dingfeng Liu
- Department of Gynaecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Immune Therapy Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine-Affiliated Renji Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Birui Pan
- Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Bowen Xie
- Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinxin Chi
- Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Dongli Cai
- Department of Gynaecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Immune Therapy Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine-Affiliated Renji Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng Wei
- Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Kun Wei
- Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Zixuan Zhao
- Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yujie Fu
- Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Shanghai Immune Therapy Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine-Affiliated Renji Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Ni
- Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Dong
- Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Shanghai Immune Therapy Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine-Affiliated Renji Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Research Unit of Immune Regulation and Immune Diseases of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine-Affiliated Renji Hospital, Shanghai, China
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8
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The JAK-STAT pathway at 30: Much learned, much more to do. Cell 2022; 185:3857-3876. [PMID: 36240739 PMCID: PMC9815833 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 95.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of the Janus kinase (JAK)-signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway arose from investigations of how cells respond to interferons (IFNs), revealing a paradigm in cell signaling conserved from slime molds to mammals. These discoveries revealed mechanisms underlying rapid gene expression mediated by a wide variety of extracellular polypeptides including cytokines, interleukins, and related factors. This knowledge has provided numerous insights into human disease, from immune deficiencies to cancer, and was rapidly translated to new drugs for autoimmune, allergic, and infectious diseases, including COVID-19. Despite these advances, major challenges and opportunities remain.
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9
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Wang J, Huang Z, Ji L, Chen C, Wan Q, Xin Y, Pu Z, Li K, Jiao J, Yin Y, Hu Y, Gong L, Zhang R, Yang X, Fang X, Wang M, Zhang B, Shao J, Zou J. SHF Acts as a Novel Tumor Suppressor in Glioblastoma Multiforme by Disrupting STAT3 Dimerization. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2200169. [PMID: 35843865 PMCID: PMC9475553 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202200169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Sustained activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a critical contributor in tumorigenesis and chemoresistance, thus making it an attractive cancer therapeutic target. Here, SH2 domain-containing adapter protein F (SHF) is identified as a tumor suppressor in glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) and its negative regulation of STAT3 activity is characterized. Mechanically, SHF selectively binds and inhibits acetylated STAT3 dimerization without affecting STAT3 phosphorylation or acetylation. Additionally, by blocking STAT3-DNMT1 (DNA Methyltransferase 1) interaction, SHF relieves methylation of tumor suppressor genes. The SH2 domain is documented to be essential for SHF's actions on STAT3, and almost entirely replaces the functions of SHF on STAT3 independently. Moreover, the peptide C16 a peptide derived from the STAT3-binding sites of SHF inhibits STAT3 dimerization and STAT3/DNMT1 interaction, and achieves remarkable growth inhibition in GBM cells in vitro and in vivo. These findings strongly identify targeting of the SHF/STAT3 interaction as a promising strategy for developing an optimal STAT3 inhibitor and provide early evidence of the potential clinical efficacy of STAT3 inhibitors such as C16 in GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Wang
- Department of Laboratory MedicineWuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxiJiangsu214023China
- Center of Clinical ResearchWuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxiJiangsu214023China
| | - Zixuan Huang
- Department of Laboratory MedicineWuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxiJiangsu214023China
- Center of Clinical ResearchWuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxiJiangsu214023China
| | - Li Ji
- Department of Laboratory MedicineWuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxiJiangsu214023China
- Center of Clinical ResearchWuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxiJiangsu214023China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Department of Laboratory MedicineWuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxiJiangsu214023China
- Center of Clinical ResearchWuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxiJiangsu214023China
| | - Quan Wan
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe Affiliated Wuxi Second Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxiJiangsu214002P. R. China
| | - Yu Xin
- Key Laboratory of Industry BiotechnologySchool of BiotechnologyJiangnan UniversityWuxiJiangsu214122P. R. China
| | - Zhening Pu
- Department of Laboratory MedicineWuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxiJiangsu214023China
- Center of Clinical ResearchWuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxiJiangsu214023China
| | - Koukou Li
- Department of Laboratory MedicineWuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxiJiangsu214023China
- Center of Clinical ResearchWuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxiJiangsu214023China
| | - Jiantong Jiao
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxiJiangsu214023China
| | - Ying Yin
- Department of Laboratory MedicineWuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxiJiangsu214023China
- Center of Clinical ResearchWuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxiJiangsu214023China
| | - Yaling Hu
- Department of Laboratory MedicineWuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxiJiangsu214023China
- Center of Clinical ResearchWuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxiJiangsu214023China
| | - Lingli Gong
- Department of Laboratory MedicineWuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxiJiangsu214023China
- Center of Clinical ResearchWuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxiJiangsu214023China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxiJiangsu214023China
| | - Xusheng Yang
- Center of Clinical ResearchWuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxiJiangsu214023China
| | - Xiangming Fang
- Department of RadiologyWuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxiJiangsu214023China
| | - Mei Wang
- Department of Laboratory MedicineWuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxiJiangsu214023China
- Center of Clinical ResearchWuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxiJiangsu214023China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Laboratory MedicineWuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxiJiangsu214023China
- Center of Clinical ResearchWuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxiJiangsu214023China
| | - Junfei Shao
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxiJiangsu214023China
| | - Jian Zou
- Department of Laboratory MedicineWuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxiJiangsu214023China
- Center of Clinical ResearchWuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxiJiangsu214023China
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10
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Das R, Giri J, K Paul P, Froelich N, Chinnadurai R, McCoy S, Bushman W, Galipeau J. A STAT5-Smad3 dyad regulates adipogenic plasticity of visceral adipose mesenchymal stromal cells during chronic inflammation. NPJ Regen Med 2022; 7:41. [PMID: 36045134 PMCID: PMC9433418 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-022-00244-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipogenic differentiation of visceral adipose tissue-resident multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (VA-MSC) into adipocytes is metabolically protective. Under chronic inflammatory stress, this neoadipogenesis process is suppressed by various pro-inflammatory cytokines and growth factors. However, the underlying mechanism(s) regulating VA-MSC plasticity remains largely unexplored. Using an adipogenic differentiation screen, we identified IFNγ and TGFβ as key inhibitors of primary human VA-MSC differentiation. Further studies using human and mouse VA-MSCs and a chronic high-fat diet-fed murine model revealed that IFNγ/JAK2-activated STAT5 transcription factor is a central regulator of VA-MSC differentiation under chronic inflammatory conditions. Furthermore, our results indicate that under such conditions, IFNγ-activated STAT5 and TGFβ-activated Smad3 physically interact via Smad4. This STAT5-Smad4-Smad3 complex plays a crucial role in preventing the early adipogenic commitment of VA-MSCs by suppressing key pro-adipogenic transcription factors, including CEBPδ, CEBPα, and PPARγ. Genetic or pharmacological disruption of IFNγ-TGFβ synergy by inhibiting either STAT5 or Smad3 rescued adipogenesis under chronic inflammatory stress. Overall, our study delineates a central mechanism of MSC plasticity regulation by the convergence of multiple inflammatory signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Das
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Jayeeta Giri
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Pradyut K Paul
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Nicole Froelich
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Raghavan Chinnadurai
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- School of Medicine, Mercer University, Savannah, GA, 31404, USA
| | - Sara McCoy
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Wade Bushman
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Jacques Galipeau
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA.
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11
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Zandi M, Moghaddam VA, Salehi Z, Mashayekhi F, Dalili S. The Impact of STAT3 rs1053005 Variation on Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Susceptibility: Association Study and in Silico Analysis. Immunol Invest 2022; 51:1908-1919. [PMID: 35762640 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2022.2079419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Type 1 diabetes (T1DM) is an autoimmune disorder with multiple genetic and environmental risk factors that are still poorly understood. The signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) proteins play a pivotal role in immune-cell genesis and regulation. This study aimed to determine the effect of rs1053005 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in 3'-UTR of STAT3 mRNA on the susceptibility to T1DM in an Iranian population. METHODS PCR-RFLP was conducted on 250 T1DM patients and 250 control cases to assess STAT3 rs1053005 polymorphism. Moreover, several bioinformatics tools were employed to identify the candidate miRNAs targeting the STAT3 mRNA region under study as well as the effect of rs1053005 on their binding site. RESULTS Significant variations in the distribution of genotypes and alleles were seen between cases and controls. The comparison results of the frequency of AA, AG, and GG genotypes between T1DM patients and control groups were 49.2% versus 64.8%, 39.2 versus 30%, and 11.6 versus 5.2%, respectively. Individuals who carried GG genotype were at 2.93-fold increased risk of developing T1DM and the G allele was associated with 1.79-fold higher T1DM risk. Bioinformatics analysis demonstrated that due to rs1053005, the interaction of 3 miRNAs were broken, 3 were weakened, 2 were reinforced, and 4 binding sites were created. CONCLUSION The result of this study indicates an association between STAT3 rs1053005 and T1DM susceptibility which may be due to interference of the SNP with native-binding site of some predicted miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Zandi
- Department of Biology, University Campus2, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | | | - Zivar Salehi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Farhad Mashayekhi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Setila Dalili
- Pediatric Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of medical sciences, Rasht, Iran
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12
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Clowers MJ, Moghaddam SJ. Cell Type-Specific Roles of STAT3 Signaling in the Pathogenesis and Progression of K-ras Mutant Lung Adenocarcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14071785. [PMID: 35406557 PMCID: PMC8997152 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14071785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Lung adenocarcinomas with mutations in the K-ras gene are hard to target pharmacologically and highly lethal. As a result, there is a need to identify other therapeutic targets that influence K-ras oncogenesis. One contender is STAT3, a transcription factor that is associated with K-ras mutations and aids tumor development and progression through tumor cell intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms. In this review, we summarize the lung epithelial and infiltrating immune cells that express STAT3, the roles of STAT3 in K-ras mutant lung adenocarcinoma, and therapies that may be able to target STAT3. Abstract Worldwide, lung cancer, particularly K-ras mutant lung adenocarcinoma (KM-LUAD), is the leading cause of cancer mortality because of its high incidence and low cure rate. To treat and prevent KM-LUAD, there is an urgent unmet need for alternative strategies targeting downstream effectors of K-ras and/or its cooperating pathways. Tumor-promoting inflammation, an enabling hallmark of cancer, strongly participates in the development and progression of KM-LUAD. However, our knowledge of the dynamic inflammatory mechanisms, immunomodulatory pathways, and cell-specific molecular signals mediating K-ras-induced lung tumorigenesis is substantially deficient. Nevertheless, within this signaling complexity, an inflammatory pathway is emerging as a druggable target: signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). Here, we review the cell type-specific functions of STAT3 in the pathogenesis and progression of KM-LUAD that could serve as a new target for personalized preventive and therapeutic intervention for this intractable form of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Clowers
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Seyed Javad Moghaddam
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Correspondence:
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13
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Inflammation, Fibrosis and Cancer: Mechanisms, Therapeutic Options and Challenges. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14030552. [PMID: 35158821 PMCID: PMC8833582 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Uncontrolled inflammation is a salient factor in multiple chronic inflammatory diseases and cancers. In this review, we provided an in-depth analysis of the relationships and distinctions between uncontrolled inflammation, fibrosis and cancers, while emphasizing the challenges and opportunities of developing novel therapies for the treatment and/or management of these diseases. We described how drug delivery systems, combination therapy and the integration of tissue-targeted and/or pathways selective strategies could overcome the challenges of current agents for managing and/or treating chronic inflammatory diseases and cancers. We also recognized the value of the re-evaluation of the disease-specific roles of multiple pathways implicated in the pathophysiology of chronic inflammatory diseases and cancers-as well as the application of data from single-cell RNA sequencing in the success of future drug discovery endeavors.
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14
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Wang AM, Qiu R, Zhang D, Zhao XY. Therapeutic effects of an innovative BS-HH-002 drug on pancreatic cancer cells via induction of complete MCL-1 degradation. Transl Oncol 2022; 15:101288. [PMID: 34847421 PMCID: PMC8633684 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2021.101288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BS-HH-002 is a newly developed drug with excellent antitumor activity, which resulted from the modification and optimization of the side structure of the homoharringtonine (HHT). It is particularly efficient in treatment for acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndromes. Here we tested whether BS-HH-002 also had anti-cancer effects on solid tumors, especially pancreatic cancer. The results showed that BS-HH-002 treatment resulted in the complete degradation of the anti-apoptosis protein MCL-1, thereby inhibiting proliferation and inducing apoptosis of pancreatic cancer cells. In contrast, BCL-2 and BCL-XL protein levels were still detected in apoptotic cells. Further, we compared HHT and BS-HH-002 in terms of PK and heart toxicity in animals. Compared to HHT, BS-HH-002 quickly reached high blood concentration after intravenous injection or oral administration, without causing obvious cardiac toxicity. These results indicate that BS-HH-002 is a promising new anti-cancer drug to treat pancreatic and other solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- A-Min Wang
- Bensheng Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Room 102, 131 Kaiqing Road, East Zhangjiang, Pudong, Shanghai 201201, China.
| | - Ru Qiu
- Bensheng Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Room 102, 131 Kaiqing Road, East Zhangjiang, Pudong, Shanghai 201201, China.
| | - Duo Zhang
- Bensheng Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Room 102, 131 Kaiqing Road, East Zhangjiang, Pudong, Shanghai 201201, China.
| | - Xiao-Yan Zhao
- Bensheng Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Room 102, 131 Kaiqing Road, East Zhangjiang, Pudong, Shanghai 201201, China.
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15
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Hershman RL, Li Y, Ma F, Xu Q, Van Deventer J. Intracellular Delivery of Antibodies for Selective Cell Signaling Interference. ChemMedChem 2021; 17:e202100678. [PMID: 34890114 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202100678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Many intracellular signaling events remain poorly characterized due to a general lack of tools to interfere with "undruggable" targets. Antibodies have the potential to elucidate intracellular mechanisms via targeted disruption of cell signaling cascades because of their ability to bind to a target with high specificity and affinity. However, due to their size and chemical composition, antibodies cannot innately cross the cell membrane, and thus access to the cytosol with these macromolecules has been limited. Here, we describe strategies for accessing the intracellular space with recombinant antibodies mediated by cationic lipid nanoparticles to selectively disrupt intracellular signaling events. Together, our results demonstrate the use of recombinantly produced antibodies, delivered at concentrations of 10 nM, to selectively interfere with signaling driven by a single posttranslational modification. Efficient intracellular delivery of engineered antibodies opens up possibilities for modulation of previously "undruggable" targets, including for potential therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yamin Li
- Tufts University, Biomedical Engineering, UNITED STATES
| | - Feihe Ma
- Tufts University, Biomedical Engineering, UNITED STATES
| | - Qioabing Xu
- Tufts University, Biomedical Engineering, UNITED STATES
| | - James Van Deventer
- Tufts University, Chemical and Biological Engineering, 4 Colby St. Room 148, 02155, Medford, UNITED STATES
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16
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Awasthi N, Liongue C, Ward AC. STAT proteins: a kaleidoscope of canonical and non-canonical functions in immunity and cancer. J Hematol Oncol 2021; 14:198. [PMID: 34809691 PMCID: PMC8607625 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-021-01214-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
STAT proteins represent an important family of evolutionarily conserved transcription factors that play key roles in diverse biological processes, notably including blood and immune cell development and function. Classically, STAT proteins have been viewed as inducible activators of transcription that mediate cellular responses to extracellular signals, particularly cytokines. In this 'canonical' paradigm, latent STAT proteins become tyrosine phosphorylated following receptor activation, typically via downstream JAK proteins, facilitating their dimerization and translocation into the nucleus where they bind to specific sequences in the regulatory region of target genes to activate transcription. However, growing evidence has challenged this paradigm and identified alternate 'non-canonical' functions, such as transcriptional repression and roles outside the nucleus, with both phosphorylated and unphosphorylated STATs involved. This review provides a revised framework for understanding the diverse kaleidoscope of STAT protein functional modalities. It further discusses the implications of this framework for our understanding of STAT proteins in normal blood and immune cell biology and diseases such as cancer, and also provides an evolutionary context to place the origins of these alternative functional modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagendra Awasthi
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Pigdons Road, Geelong, VIC, 3216, Australia.,Institue of Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT), Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Clifford Liongue
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Pigdons Road, Geelong, VIC, 3216, Australia.,Institue of Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT), Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Alister C Ward
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Pigdons Road, Geelong, VIC, 3216, Australia. .,Institue of Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT), Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.
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17
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Kim DH, Kim HY, Lee WW. Induction of Unique STAT Heterodimers by IL-21 Provokes IL-1RI Expression on CD8 + T Cells, Resulting in Enhanced IL-1β Dependent Effector Function. Immune Netw 2021; 21:e33. [PMID: 34796037 PMCID: PMC8568912 DOI: 10.4110/in.2021.21.e33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
IL-1β plays critical roles in the priming and effector phases of immune responses such as the differentiation, commitment, and memory formation of T cells. In this context, several reports have suggested that the IL-1β signal is crucial for CTL-mediated immune responses to viral infections and tumors. However, little is known regarding whether IL-1β acts directly on CD8+ T cells and what the molecular mechanisms underlying expression of IL-1 receptors (IL-1Rs) on CD8+ T cells and features of IL-1R+CD8+ T cells are. Here, we provide evidence that the expression of IL-1R type I (IL-1RI), the functional receptor of IL-1β, is preferentially induced by IL-21 on TCR-stimulated CD8+ T cells. Further, IL-1β enhances the effector function of CD8+ T cells expressing IL-21-induced IL-1RI by increasing cytokine production and release of cytotoxic granules containing granzyme B. The IL-21-IL-1RI-IL-1β axis is involved in an augmented effector function through regulation of transcription factors BATF, Blimp-1, and IRF4. Moreover, this axis confers a unique effector function to CD8+ T cells compared to conventional type 1 cytotoxic T cells differentiated with IL-12. Chemical inhibitor and immunoprecipitation assay demonstrated that IL-21 induces a unique pattern of STAT activation with the formation of both STAT1:STAT3 and STAT3:STAT5 heterodimers, which are critical for the induction of IL-1RI on TCR-stimulated CD8+ T cells. Taken together, we propose that induction of a novel subset of IL-1RI-expressing CD8+ T cells by IL-21 may be beneficial to the protective immune response against viral infections and is therefore important to consider for vaccine design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hyun Kim
- Laboratory of Autoimmunity and Inflammation (LAI), Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Hee Young Kim
- Laboratory of Autoimmunity and Inflammation (LAI), Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea.,Institute of Infectious Diseases, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Won-Woo Lee
- Laboratory of Autoimmunity and Inflammation (LAI), Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea.,Institute of Infectious Diseases, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea.,Cancer Research Institute and Ischemic/Hypoxic Disease Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea.,Seoul National University Hospital Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul 03080, Korea
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18
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Kirby D, Parmar B, Fathi S, Marwah S, Nayak CR, Cherepanov V, MacParland S, Feld JJ, Altan-Bonnet G, Zilman A. Determinants of Ligand Specificity and Functional Plasticity in Type I Interferon Signaling. Front Immunol 2021; 12:748423. [PMID: 34691060 PMCID: PMC8529159 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.748423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Type I Interferon family of cytokines all act through the same cell surface receptor and induce phosphorylation of the same subset of response regulators of the STAT family. Despite their shared receptor, different Type I Interferons have different functions during immune response to infection. In particular, they differ in the potency of their induced anti-viral and anti-proliferative responses in target cells. It remains not fully understood how these functional differences can arise in a ligand-specific manner both at the level of STAT phosphorylation and the downstream function. We use a minimal computational model of Type I Interferon signaling, focusing on Interferon-α and Interferon-β. We validate the model with quantitative experimental data to identify the key determinants of specificity and functional plasticity in Type I Interferon signaling. We investigate different mechanisms of signal discrimination, and how multiple system components such as binding affinity, receptor expression levels and their variability, receptor internalization, short-term negative feedback by SOCS1 protein, and differential receptor expression play together to ensure ligand specificity on the level of STAT phosphorylation. Based on these results, we propose phenomenological functional mappings from STAT activation to downstream anti-viral and anti-proliferative activity to investigate differential signal processing steps downstream of STAT phosphorylation. We find that the negative feedback by the protein USP18, which enhances differences in signaling between Interferons via ligand-dependent refractoriness, can give rise to functional plasticity in Interferon-α and Interferon-β signaling, and explore other factors that control functional plasticity. Beyond Type I Interferon signaling, our results have a broad applicability to questions of signaling specificity and functional plasticity in signaling systems with multiple ligands acting through a bottleneck of a small number of shared receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duncan Kirby
- Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Baljyot Parmar
- Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sepehr Fathi
- Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sagar Marwah
- Ajmera Family Transplant Centre, Toronto General Research Institute, Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology and Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Chitra R Nayak
- Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Physics, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL, United States
| | - Vera Cherepanov
- Sandra Rotman Centre for Global Health, Toronto General Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sonya MacParland
- Ajmera Family Transplant Centre, Toronto General Research Institute, Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology and Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jordan J Feld
- Toronto Centre for Liver Disease, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Grégoire Altan-Bonnet
- Immunodynamics Group, Laboratory of Integrative Cancer Immunology, Center for Cancer Research (CCR), National Cancer Institute (NCI), Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Anton Zilman
- Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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19
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Cirnaru MD, Song S, Tshilenge KT, Corwin C, Mleczko J, Galicia Aguirre C, Benlhabib H, Bendl J, Apontes P, Fullard J, Creus-Muncunill J, Reyahi A, Nik AM, Carlsson P, Roussos P, Mooney SD, Ellerby LM, Ehrlich ME. Unbiased identification of novel transcription factors in striatal compartmentation and striosome maturation. eLife 2021; 10:e65979. [PMID: 34609283 PMCID: PMC8492065 DOI: 10.7554/elife.65979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Many diseases are linked to dysregulation of the striatum. Striatal function depends on neuronal compartmentation into striosomes and matrix. Striatal projection neurons are GABAergic medium spiny neurons (MSNs), subtyped by selective expression of receptors, neuropeptides, and other gene families. Neurogenesis of the striosome and matrix occurs in separate waves, but the factors regulating compartmentation and neuronal differentiation are largely unidentified. We performed RNA- and ATAC-seq on sorted striosome and matrix cells at postnatal day 3, using the Nr4a1-EGFP striosome reporter mouse. Focusing on the striosome, we validated the localization and/or role of Irx1, Foxf2, Olig2, and Stat1/2 in the developing striosome and the in vivo enhancer function of a striosome-specific open chromatin region 4.4 Kb downstream of Olig2. These data provide novel tools to dissect and manipulate the networks regulating MSN compartmentation and differentiation, including in human iPSC-derived striatal neurons for disease modeling and drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria-Daniela Cirnaru
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkUnited States
| | - Sicheng Song
- Department of Biomedical Informatics and Medical Education, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
| | | | - Chuhyon Corwin
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkUnited States
| | - Justyna Mleczko
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkUnited States
| | | | - Houda Benlhabib
- Department of Biomedical Informatics and Medical Education, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
| | - Jaroslav Bendl
- Pamela Sklar Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkUnited States
- Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkUnited States
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkUnited States
| | - Pasha Apontes
- Pamela Sklar Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkUnited States
- Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkUnited States
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkUnited States
| | - John Fullard
- Pamela Sklar Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkUnited States
- Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkUnited States
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkUnited States
| | - Jordi Creus-Muncunill
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkUnited States
| | - Azadeh Reyahi
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Ali M Nik
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Peter Carlsson
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
| | - Panos Roussos
- Pamela Sklar Division of Psychiatric Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkUnited States
- Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkUnited States
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkUnited States
- Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (VISN 2 South)BronxUnited States
| | - Sean D Mooney
- Department of Biomedical Informatics and Medical Education, University of WashingtonSeattleUnited States
| | | | - Michelle E Ehrlich
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkUnited States
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20
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Tesoriere A, Dinarello A, Argenton F. The Roles of Post-Translational Modifications in STAT3 Biological Activities and Functions. Biomedicines 2021; 9:956. [PMID: 34440160 PMCID: PMC8393524 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9080956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
STAT3 is an important transcription factor that regulates cell growth and proliferation by regulating gene transcription of a plethora of genes. This protein also has many roles in cancer progression and several tumors such as prostate, lung, breast, and intestine cancers that are characterized by strong STAT3-dependent transcriptional activity. This protein is post-translationally modified in different ways according to cellular context and stimulus, and the same post-translational modification can have opposite effects in different cellular models. In this review, we describe the studies performed on the main modifications affecting the activity of STAT3: phosphorylation of tyrosine 705 and serine 727; acetylation of lysine 49, 87, 601, 615, 631, 685, 707, and 709; and methylation of lysine 49, 140, and 180. The extensive results obtained by different studies demonstrate that post-translational modifications drastically change STAT3 activities and that we need further analysis to properly elucidate all the functions of this multifaceted transcription factor.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Francesco Argenton
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (A.T.); (A.D.)
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21
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Harrison AR, Todd S, Dearnley M, David CT, Green D, Rawlinson SM, Au GG, Marsh GA, Moseley GW. Antagonism of STAT3 signalling by Ebola virus. PLoS Pathog 2021; 17:e1009636. [PMID: 34166464 PMCID: PMC8224886 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Many viruses target signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) 1 and 2 to antagonise antiviral interferon signalling, but targeting of signalling by other STATs/cytokines, including STAT3/interleukin 6 that regulate processes important to Ebola virus (EBOV) haemorrhagic fever, is poorly defined. We report that EBOV potently inhibits STAT3 responses to interleukin-6 family cytokines, and that this is mediated by the interferon-antagonist VP24. Mechanistic analysis indicates that VP24 effects a unique strategy combining distinct karyopherin-dependent and karyopherin-independent mechanisms to antagonise STAT3-STAT1 heterodimers and STAT3 homodimers, respectively. This appears to reflect distinct mechanisms of nuclear trafficking of the STAT3 complexes, revealed for the first time by our analysis of VP24 function. These findings are consistent with major roles for global inhibition of STAT3 signalling in EBOV infection, and provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms of STAT3 nuclear trafficking, significant to pathogen-host interactions, cell physiology and pathologies such as cancer. Ebola virus (EBOV) continues to pose a significant risk to human health globally, causing ongoing disease outbreaks with case-fatality rates between 40 and 65%. Suppression of immune responses is a critical component of EBOV haemorrhagic fever, but understanding of EBOV impact on signalling by cytokines other than interferon is limited. We find that infectious EBOV inhibits interleukin-6 cytokine signalling via antagonism of STAT3. The antagonistic strategy uniquely combines two distinct mechanisms, which appear to reflect differing nuclear trafficking mechanisms of critical STAT3 complexes. This provides fundamental insights into the mechanisms of pathogenesis of a lethal virus, and biology of STAT3, a critical player in immunity, development, growth and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela R. Harrison
- Department of Microbiology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Shawn Todd
- Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness, CSIRO, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Megan Dearnley
- Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness, CSIRO, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Cassandra T. David
- Department of Microbiology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Diane Green
- Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness, CSIRO, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stephen M. Rawlinson
- Department of Microbiology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gough G. Au
- Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness, CSIRO, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Glenn A. Marsh
- Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness, CSIRO, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gregory W. Moseley
- Department of Microbiology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- * E-mail:
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22
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Clénet ML, Laurent C, Lemaitre F, Farzam-Kia N, Tastet O, Devergne O, Lahav B, Girard M, Duquette P, Prat A, Larochelle C, Arbour N. The IL-27/IL-27R axis is altered in CD4 + and CD8 + T lymphocytes from multiple sclerosis patients. Clin Transl Immunology 2021; 10:e1262. [PMID: 33728050 PMCID: PMC7934284 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Pro‐ and anti‐inflammatory properties have been attributed to interleukin‐27 (IL‐27). Nevertheless, the impact of this cytokine on chronic inflammatory diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS) remains ill‐defined. We investigated the biology of IL‐27 and its specific receptor IL‐27Rα in MS patients. Methods Levels of IL‐27 and its natural antagonist (IL‐27‐Rα) were measured by ELISA in biological fluids. CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes were isolated from untreated relapsing–remitting MS patients and healthy donors. Transcriptome‐wide analysis compared T‐cell subsets stimulated or not with IL‐27. Expression of the IL‐27Rα, key immune factors, STAT phosphorylation and cytokine production was assessed by flow cytometry. Results We observed elevated levels of IL‐27 in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid of MS patients compared with controls. Moreover, we show that specific IL‐27‐mediated effects on T lymphocytes are reduced in MS patients including the induction of PD‐L1. IL‐27‐triggered STAT3 signalling pathway is enhanced in CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes from MS patients. Elevated IL‐27Rα levels in serum from MS patients are sufficient to impair the capacity of IL‐27 to act on immune cells. We demonstrate that shedding of IL‐27Rα by activated CD4+ T lymphocytes from MS patients contributes to the increased IL‐27Rα peripheral levels and consequently can dampen the IL‐27 responsiveness. Conclusion Our work identifies several mechanisms that are altered in the IL‐27/IL‐27R axis in MS patients, especially in T lymphocytes. Our results underline the importance of characterising the biology of cytokines in human patients prior to design new therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Laure Clénet
- Department of Neurosciences Université de Montréal and CRCHUM Montreal QC Canada
| | - Cyril Laurent
- Department of Neurosciences Université de Montréal and CRCHUM Montreal QC Canada
| | - Florent Lemaitre
- Department of Neurosciences Université de Montréal and CRCHUM Montreal QC Canada
| | - Negar Farzam-Kia
- Department of Neurosciences Université de Montréal and CRCHUM Montreal QC Canada
| | - Olivier Tastet
- Department of Neurosciences Université de Montréal and CRCHUM Montreal QC Canada
| | - Odile Devergne
- INSERM CNRS Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses Sorbonne Université Paris France
| | | | - Marc Girard
- Department of Neurosciences Université de Montréal and CRCHUM Montreal QC Canada.,MS-CHUM Clinic Montreal QC Canada
| | - Pierre Duquette
- Department of Neurosciences Université de Montréal and CRCHUM Montreal QC Canada.,MS-CHUM Clinic Montreal QC Canada
| | - Alexandre Prat
- Department of Neurosciences Université de Montréal and CRCHUM Montreal QC Canada.,MS-CHUM Clinic Montreal QC Canada
| | - Catherine Larochelle
- Department of Neurosciences Université de Montréal and CRCHUM Montreal QC Canada.,MS-CHUM Clinic Montreal QC Canada
| | - Nathalie Arbour
- Department of Neurosciences Université de Montréal and CRCHUM Montreal QC Canada
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23
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Bianchi N, Emming S, Zecca C, Monticelli S. Vitamin D and IFN-β Modulate the Inflammatory Gene Expression Program of Primary Human T Lymphocytes. Front Immunol 2020; 11:566781. [PMID: 33343562 PMCID: PMC7746617 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.566781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
IFN-β treatment is a commonly used therapy for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS), while vitamin D deficiency correlates with an increased risk of MS and/or its activity. MS is a demyelinating chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system, in which activated T lymphocytes play a major role, and may represent direct targets of IFN-β and vitamin D activities. However, the underlying mechanism of action of vitamin D and IFN-β, alone or in combination, remains incompletely understood, especially when considering their direct effects on the ability of T lymphocytes to produce inflammatory cytokines. We profiled the expression of immune-related genes and microRNAs in primary human T lymphocytes in response to vitamin D and IFN-β, and we dissected the impact of these treatments on cytokine production and T cell proliferation. We found that the treatments influenced primarily memory T cell plasticity, rather than polarization toward a stable phenotype. Moreover, our data revealed extensive reprogramming of the transcriptional output of primary T cells in response to vitamin D and IFN-β and provide the bases for further mechanistic insights into these commonly used treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niccolò Bianchi
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB), Università della Svizzera italiana (USI), Bellinzona, Switzerland.,Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Emming
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB), Università della Svizzera italiana (USI), Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Chiara Zecca
- Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Ospedale Regionale di Lugano, and Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Silvia Monticelli
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB), Università della Svizzera italiana (USI), Bellinzona, Switzerland
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24
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Nogueira M, Puig L, Torres T. JAK Inhibitors for Treatment of Psoriasis: Focus on Selective TYK2 Inhibitors. Drugs 2020; 80:341-352. [PMID: 32020553 DOI: 10.1007/s40265-020-01261-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Despite advances in the treatment of psoriasis, there is an unmet need for effective and safe oral treatments. The Janus Kinase-Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (JAK-STAT) pathway plays a significant role in intracellular signalling of cytokines of numerous cellular processes, important in both normal and pathological states of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases. Particularly in psoriasis, where the interleukin (IL)-23/IL-17 axis is currently considered the crucial pathogenic pathway, blocking the JAK-STAT pathway with small molecules would be expected to be clinically effective. However, relative non-specificity and low therapeutic index of the available JAK inhibitors have delayed their integration into the therapeutic armamentarium of psoriasis. Current research appears to be focused on Tyrosine kinase 2 (TYK2), the first described member of the JAK family. Data from the Phase II trial of BMS-986165-a selective TYK2 inhibitor-in psoriasis have been published and clinical results are encouraging, with a large Phase III programme ongoing. Further, the selective TYK2 inhibitor PF-06826647 is being tested in moderate-to-severe psoriasis in a Phase II clinical trial. Brepocitinib, a potent TYK2/JAK1 inhibitor, is also being evaluated, as both oral and topical treatment. Results of studies with TYK2 inhibitors will be important in assessing the clinical efficacy and safety of these drugs and their place in the therapeutic armamentarium of psoriasis. This article reviews current data on the impact of JAK inhibitors in the treatment of adult patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Nogueira
- Department of Dermatology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Luis Puig
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tiago Torres
- Department of Dermatology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal. .,Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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Abstract
Viruses commonly antagonize the antiviral type I interferon response by targeting signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) and STAT2, key mediators of interferon signaling. Other STAT family members mediate signaling by diverse cytokines important to infection, but their relationship with viruses is more complex. Importantly, virus-STAT interaction can be antagonistic or stimulatory depending on diverse viral and cellular factors. While STAT antagonism can suppress immune pathways, many viruses promote activation of specific STATs to support viral gene expression and/or produce cellular conditions conducive to infection. It is also becoming increasingly clear that viruses can hijack noncanonical STAT functions to benefit infection. For a number of viruses, STAT function is dynamically modulated through infection as requirements for replication change. Given the critical role of STATs in infection by diverse viruses, the virus-STAT interface is an attractive target for the development of antivirals and live-attenuated viral vaccines. Here, we review current understanding of the complex and dynamic virus-STAT interface and discuss how this relationship might be harnessed for medical applications.
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26
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Role of the JAK/STAT Pathway in Cervical Cancer: Its Relationship with HPV E6/E7 Oncoproteins. Cells 2020; 9:cells9102297. [PMID: 33076315 PMCID: PMC7602614 DOI: 10.3390/cells9102297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling pathway is associated with the regulation of essential cellular mechanisms, such as proliferation, invasion, survival, inflammation, and immunity. Aberrant JAK/STAT signaling contributes to cancer progression and metastatic development. STAT proteins play an essential role in the development of cervical cancer, and the inhibition of the JAK/STAT pathway may be essential for enhancing tumor cell death. Persistent activation of different STATs is present in a variety of cancers, including cervical cancer, and their overactivation may be associated with a poor prognosis and poor overall survival. The oncoproteins E6 and E7 play a critical role in the progression of cervical cancer and may mediate the activation of the JAK/STAT pathway. Inhibition of STAT proteins appears to show promise for establishing new targets in cancer treatment. The present review summarizes the knowledge about the participation of the different components of the JAK/STAT pathway and the participation of the human papillomavirus (HPV) associated with the process of cellular malignancy.
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27
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Stat2 stability regulation: an intersection between immunity and carcinogenesis. Exp Mol Med 2020; 52:1526-1536. [PMID: 32973222 PMCID: PMC8080578 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-020-00506-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT2) is a member of the STAT family that plays an essential role in immune responses to extracellular and intracellular stimuli, including inflammatory reactions, invasion of foreign materials, and cancer initiation. Although the majority of STAT2 studies in the last few decades have focused on interferon (IFN)-α/β (IFNα/β) signaling pathway-mediated host defense against viral infections, recent studies have revealed that STAT2 also plays an important role in human cancer development. Notably, strategic research on STAT2 function has provided evidence that transient regulatory activity by homo- or heterodimerization induces its nuclear localization where it to forms a ternary IFN-stimulated gene factor 3 (ISGF3) complex, which is composed of STAT1 and/or STAT2 and IFN regulatory factor 9 (IEF9). The molecular mechanisms of ISGF3-mediated ISG gene expression provide the basic foundation for the regulation of STAT2 protein activity but not protein quality control. Recently, previously unknown molecular mechanisms of STAT2-mediated cell proliferation via STAT2 protein quality control were elucidated. In this review, we briefly summarize the role of STAT2 in immune responses and carcinogenesis with respect to the molecular mechanisms of STAT2 stability regulation via the proteasomal degradation pathway. The activity of STAT2, a protein stimulated by molecular signalling systems to activate selected genes in ways that can lead to cancer, is regulated by factors controlling its rate of degradation. Yong-Yeon Cho and colleagues at The Catholic University of Korea in South Korea review the role of STAT2 in links between molecular signals of the immune response and the onset of cancer. They focus on the significance of factors that regulate the stability of STAT2. One key factor appears to be the molecular mechanisms controlling the degradation of STAT2 by cellular structures called proteasomes. These structures break down proteins as part of routine cell maintenance. Deeper understanding of the stimulation, action and degradation of STAT2 will assist efforts to treat the many cancers in which STAT2 activity is involved.
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28
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Harrison AR, Lieu KG, Larrous F, Ito N, Bourhy H, Moseley GW. Lyssavirus P-protein selectively targets STAT3-STAT1 heterodimers to modulate cytokine signalling. PLoS Pathog 2020; 16:e1008767. [PMID: 32903273 PMCID: PMC7480851 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Many viruses target signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 1 to antagonise antiviral interferon signalling, but targeting of STAT3, a pleiotropic molecule that mediates signalling by diverse cytokines, is poorly understood. Here, using lyssavirus infection, quantitative live cell imaging, innate immune signalling and protein interaction assays, and complementation/depletion of STAT expression, we show that STAT3 antagonism is conserved among P-proteins of diverse pathogenic lyssaviruses and correlates with pathogenesis. Importantly, P-protein targeting of STAT3 involves a highly selective mechanism whereby P-protein antagonises cytokine-activated STAT3-STAT1 heterodimers, but not STAT3 homodimers. RT-qPCR and reporter gene assays indicate that this results in specific modulation of interleukin-6-dependent pathways, effecting differential antagonism of target genes. These data provide novel insights into mechanisms by which viruses can modulate cellular function to support infection through discriminatory targeting of immune signalling complexes. The findings also highlight the potential application of selective interferon-antagonists as tools to delineate signalling by particular STAT complexes, significant not only to pathogen-host interactions but also cell physiology, development and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela R. Harrison
- Department of Microbiology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kim G. Lieu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Florence Larrous
- Lyssavirus Epidemiology and Neuropathology Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Naoto Ito
- Laboratory of Zoonotic Diseases, Joint Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Hervé Bourhy
- Lyssavirus Epidemiology and Neuropathology Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Gregory W. Moseley
- Department of Microbiology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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29
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Covington M, He X, Scuron M, Li J, Collins R, Juvekar A, Shin N, Favata M, Gallagher K, Sarah S, Xue CB, Peel M, Burke K, Oliver J, Fay B, Yao W, Huang T, Scherle P, Diamond S, Newton R, Zhang Y, Smith P. Preclinical characterization of itacitinib (INCB039110), a novel selective inhibitor of JAK1, for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 885:173505. [PMID: 32861662 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Pharmacological modulation of the Janus kinase (JAK) family has achieved clinically meaningful therapeutic outcomes for the treatment of inflammatory and hematopoietic diseases. Several JAK1 selective compounds are being investigated clinically to determine their anti-inflammatory potential. We used recombinant enzymes and primary human lymphocytes to assess the JAK1 specificity of itacitinib (INCB039110) and study inhibition of signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) signaling. Rodent models of arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease were subsequently explored to elucidate the efficacy of orally administered itacitinib on inflammatory pathogenesis. Itacitinib is a potent and selective JAK1 inhibitor when profiled against the other JAK family members. Upon oral administration in rodents, itacitinib achieved dose-dependent pharmacokinetic exposures that highly correlated with STAT3 pharmacodynamic pathway inhibition. Itacitinib ameliorated symptoms and pathology of established experimentally-induced arthritis in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, itacitinib effectively delayed disease onset, reduced symptom severity, and accelerated recovery in three distinct mouse models of inflammatory bowel disease. Low dose itacitinib administered via cannula directly into the colon was highly efficacious in TNBS-induced colitis but with minimal systemic drug exposure, suggesting localized JAK1 inhibition is sufficient for disease amelioration. Itacitinib treatment in an acute graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) model rapidly reduced inflammatory markers within lymphocytes and target tissue, resulting in a marked improvement in disease symptoms. This is the first manuscript describing itacitinib as a potent and selective JAK1 inhibitor with anti-inflammatory activity across multiple preclinical disease models. These data support the scientific rationale for ongoing clinical trials studying itacitinib in select GvHD patient populations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xin He
- Incyte Corporation, Wilmington, DE, USA
| | | | - Jun Li
- Incyte Corporation, Wilmington, DE, USA
| | | | | | - Niu Shin
- Incyte Corporation, Wilmington, DE, USA
| | | | | | - Sarala Sarah
- Taconic Biosciences Incorporated, Rensselaer, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yan Zhang
- Incyte Corporation, Wilmington, DE, USA
| | - Paul Smith
- Incyte Corporation, Wilmington, DE, USA.
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30
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Gharibi T, Babaloo Z, Hosseini A, Abdollahpour-alitappeh M, Hashemi V, Marofi F, Nejati K, Baradaran B. Targeting STAT3 in cancer and autoimmune diseases. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 878:173107. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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31
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Zhao C, Yang L, Zhou F, Yu Y, Du X, Xiang Y, Li C, Huang X, Xie C, Liu Z, Lin J, Wang L, Liang G, Cui R. Feedback activation of EGFR is the main cause for STAT3 inhibition-irresponsiveness in pancreatic cancer cells. Oncogene 2020; 39:3997-4013. [PMID: 32242147 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-1271-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the world's leading causes of cancer-related death. Activation of STAT3 has been reported as a major contributor in pancreatic cancer tumorigenesis and chemoresistance. However, treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer patients with STAT3 inhibitors often meets drug resistance and heterogeneous response. We found that EGFR activation is a main cause for resistance to STAT3 inhibitors in pancreatic cancer cells, regardless of KRAS mutation status. Mechanistically, inhibition of STAT3 promotes STAT1- and STAT4-mediated TGF-α expression, leading to activation of the EGFR pathway. Combined treatment of pancreatic cancer cells with EGFR and STAT3 inhibitors persistently blocks EGFR and STAT3 signaling, and exerts synergistic antitumor activity both in vitro and in vivo, with or without KRAS mutation. Our results indicate that reciprocal cross-talk between STAT3 and EGFR pathways is a key molecular mechanism leading to resistance in pancreatic cancer cells. Furthermore, the study shows that combined inhibition of both EGFR and STAT3 might overcome drug resistance encountered during treatment with single agent alone. This study suggests an improved therapeutic strategy, through combined treatment with STAT3 and EGFR inhibitors, for pancreatic cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengguang Zhao
- Cancer and Anticancer Drug Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China.,Wenzhou University-Wenzhou Medical University Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lehe Yang
- Cancer and Anticancer Drug Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Feng Zhou
- Cancer and Anticancer Drug Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yun Yu
- Cancer and Anticancer Drug Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaojing Du
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Youqun Xiang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chenglong Li
- College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Xiaoying Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Congying Xie
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhiguo Liu
- Cancer and Anticancer Drug Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiayuh Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Liangxing Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Guang Liang
- Cancer and Anticancer Drug Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China. .,Wenzhou University-Wenzhou Medical University Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Ri Cui
- Cancer and Anticancer Drug Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China. .,The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China. .,Wenzhou University-Wenzhou Medical University Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China.
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32
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Huang Q, Zhong Y, Dong H, Zheng Q, Shi S, Zhu K, Qu X, Hu W, Zhang X, Wang Y. Revisiting signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) as an anticancer target and its inhibitor discovery: Where are we and where should we go? Eur J Med Chem 2019; 187:111922. [PMID: 31810784 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
As a transcription factor, STAT3 protein transduces extracellular signals to the nucleus and then activates transcription of target genes. STAT3 has been well validated as an attractive anticancer target due to its important roles in cancer initiation and progression. Identification of specific and potent STAT3 inhibitors has attracted much attention, while there has been no STAT3 targeted drug approved for clinical application. In this review, we will briefly introduce STAT3 protein and review its role in multiple aspects of cancer, and systematically summarize the recent advances in discovery of STAT3 inhibitors, especially the ones discovered in the past five years. In the last part of the review, we will discuss the possible new strategies to overcome the difficulties of developing potent and specific STAT3 inhibitors and hope to shed light on future drug design and inhibitor optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyao Huang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yan Zhong
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Hui Dong
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Qiyao Zheng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Shuo Shi
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Kai Zhu
- Innovation Practice Center, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Xinming Qu
- Innovation Practice Center, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Wenhao Hu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xiaolei Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Yuanxiang Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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33
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Gotthardt D, Trifinopoulos J, Sexl V, Putz EM. JAK/STAT Cytokine Signaling at the Crossroad of NK Cell Development and Maturation. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2590. [PMID: 31781102 PMCID: PMC6861185 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural Killer (NK) cells are cytotoxic lymphocytes of the innate immune system and play a critical role in anti-viral and anti-tumor responses. NK cells develop in the bone marrow from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) that differentiate through common lymphoid progenitors (CLPs) to NK lineage-restricted progenitors (NKPs). The orchestrated action of multiple cytokines is crucial for NK cell development and maturation. Many of these cytokines such as IL-2, IL-7, IL-12, IL-15, IL-21, IL-27, and interferons (IFNs) signal via the Janus Kinase / Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (JAK/STAT) pathway. We here review the current knowledge about these cytokines and the downstream signaling involved in the development and maturation of conventional NK cells and their close relatives, innate lymphoid cells type 1 (ILC1). We further discuss the role of suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins in NK cells and highlight their potential for therapeutic application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dagmar Gotthardt
- Department for Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jana Trifinopoulos
- Department for Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Veronika Sexl
- Department for Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Eva Maria Putz
- St. Anna Children's Cancer Research Institute (CCRI), Vienna, Austria
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34
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Bai L, Zhou H, Xu R, Zhao Y, Chinnaswamy K, McEachern D, Chen J, Yang CY, Liu Z, Wang M, Liu L, Jiang H, Wen B, Kumar P, Meagher JL, Sun D, Stuckey JA, Wang S. A Potent and Selective Small-Molecule Degrader of STAT3 Achieves Complete Tumor Regression In Vivo. Cancer Cell 2019; 36:498-511.e17. [PMID: 31715132 PMCID: PMC6880868 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2019.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 354] [Impact Index Per Article: 70.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is an attractive cancer therapeutic target. Here we report the discovery of SD-36, a small-molecule degrader of STAT3. SD-36 potently induces the degradation of STAT3 protein in vitro and in vivo and demonstrates high selectivity over other STAT members. Induced degradation of STAT3 results in a strong suppression of its transcription network in leukemia and lymphoma cells. SD-36 inhibits the growth of a subset of acute myeloid leukemia and anaplastic large-cell lymphoma cell lines by inducing cell-cycle arrest and/or apoptosis. SD-36 achieves complete and long-lasting tumor regression in multiple xenograft mouse models at well-tolerated dose schedules. Degradation of STAT3 protein, therefore, is a promising cancer therapeutic strategy.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Apoptosis/genetics
- Cell Cycle Checkpoints/drug effects
- Cell Cycle Checkpoints/genetics
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Cell Proliferation/genetics
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology
- Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Anaplastic/drug therapy
- Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Anaplastic/genetics
- Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Anaplastic/pathology
- Mice
- Proteolysis/drug effects
- STAT3 Transcription Factor/antagonists & inhibitors
- STAT3 Transcription Factor/metabolism
- Tumor Burden/drug effects
- Tumor Burden/genetics
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
- Longchuan Bai
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Haibin Zhou
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Renqi Xu
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Yujun Zhao
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | | | - Donna McEachern
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jianyong Chen
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Chao-Yie Yang
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Zhaomin Liu
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Mi Wang
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Liu Liu
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Hui Jiang
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Bo Wen
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Praveen Kumar
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jennifer L Meagher
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Duxin Sun
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jeanne A Stuckey
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Shaomeng Wang
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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35
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Lundberg R, Melén K, Westenius V, Jiang M, Österlund P, Khan H, Vapalahti O, Julkunen I, Kakkola L. Zika Virus Non-Structural Protein NS5 Inhibits the RIG-I Pathway and Interferon Lambda 1 Promoter Activation by Targeting IKK Epsilon. Viruses 2019; 11:E1024. [PMID: 31690057 PMCID: PMC6893776 DOI: 10.3390/v11111024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Zika virus (ZIKV) is a member of the Flaviviridae family and an important human pathogen. Most pathogenic viruses encode proteins that interfere with the activation of host innate immune responses. Like other flaviviruses, ZIKV interferes with the expression of interferon (IFN) genes and inhibits IFN-induced antiviral responses. ZIKV infects through epithelial barriers where IFN-λ1 is an important antiviral molecule. In this study, we analyzed the effects of ZIKV proteins on the activation of IFN-λ1 promoter. All ZIKV proteins were cloned and transiently expressed. ZIKV NS5, but no other ZIKV protein, was able to interfere with the RIG-I signaling pathway. This inhibition took place upstream of interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) resulting in reduced phosphorylation of IRF3 and reduced activation of IFN-λ1 promoter. Furthermore, we showed that ZIKV NS5 interacts with the protein kinase IKKε, which is likely critical to the observed inhibition of phosphorylation of IRF3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rickard Lundberg
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, 20520 Turku, Finland.
| | - Krister Melén
- Expert Microbiology Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Mannerheimintie 166, 00300 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Veera Westenius
- Expert Microbiology Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Mannerheimintie 166, 00300 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Miao Jiang
- Expert Microbiology Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Mannerheimintie 166, 00300 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Pamela Österlund
- Expert Microbiology Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Mannerheimintie 166, 00300 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Hira Khan
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, 20520 Turku, Finland.
| | - Olli Vapalahti
- Department of Virology, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 3, 00290 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Ilkka Julkunen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, 20520 Turku, Finland.
- Turku University Central Hospital, Clinical microbiology, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, 20520 Turku, Finland.
| | - Laura Kakkola
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, 20520 Turku, Finland.
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36
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Malik T, Ngo L, Bosma T, Rubin S. A Single Point Mutation in the Mumps V Protein Alters Targeting of the Cellular STAT Pathways Resulting in Virus Attenuation. Viruses 2019; 11:v11111016. [PMID: 31683999 PMCID: PMC6893744 DOI: 10.3390/v11111016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Mumps virus (MuV) is a neurotropic non-segmented, negative-stranded, enveloped RNA virus in the Paramyxovirus family. The 15.4 kb genome encodes seven genes, including the V/P, which encodes, among other proteins, the V protein. The MuV V protein has been shown to target the cellular signal transducer and activator of transcription proteins STAT1 and STAT3 for proteasome-mediated degradation. While MuV V protein targeting of STAT1 is generally accepted as a means of limiting innate antiviral responses, the consequence of V protein targeting of STAT3 is less clear. Further, since the MuV V protein targets both STAT1 and STAT3, specifically investigating viral antagonism of STAT3 targeting is challenging. However, a previous study reported that a single amino acid substitution in the MuV V protein (E95D) inhibits targeting of STAT3, but not STAT1. This provided us with a unique opportunity to examine the specific role of STAT 3 in MuV virulence in an in vivo model. Here, using a clone of a wild type MuV strain expressing the E95D mutant V protein, we present data linking inhibition of STAT3 targeting with the accelerated clearance of the virus and reduced neurovirulence in vivo, suggesting its role in promoting antiviral responses. These data suggest a rational approach to virus attenuation that could be exploited for future vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahir Malik
- DVP/Office of Vaccines Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA.
| | - Laurie Ngo
- DVP/Office of Vaccines Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA.
| | - Trent Bosma
- DVP/Office of Vaccines Research and Review, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA.
| | - Steven Rubin
- GlaxoSmithKline, 14200 Shady Grove Rd, Rockville, MD 20850, USA.
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37
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Jak-Stat Signaling Induced by Interleukin-6 Family Cytokines in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11111704. [PMID: 31683891 PMCID: PMC6896168 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11111704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide. It can be caused by chronic liver cell injury with resulting sustained inflammation, e.g., triggered by infections with hepatitis viruses B (HBV) and C (HCV). Death of hepatocytes leads to the activation of compensatory mechanisms, which can ultimately result in liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. Another common feature is the infiltration of the liver with inflammatory cells, which secrete cytokines and chemokines that act directly on the hepatocytes. Among several secreted proteins, members of the interleukin-6 (IL-6) family of cytokines have emerged as important regulatory proteins that might constitute an attractive target for therapeutic intervention. The IL-6-type cytokines activate multiple intracellular signaling pathways, and especially the Jak/STAT cascade has been shown to be crucial for HCC development. In this review, we give an overview about HCC pathogenesis with respect to IL-6-type cytokines and the Jak/STAT pathway. We highlight the role of mutations in genes encoding several proteins involved in the cytokine/Jak/STAT axis and summarize current knowledge about IL-6 family cytokines in this context. We further discuss possible anti-cytokine therapies for HCC patients in comparison to already established therapies.
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38
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Blevins LK, Zhou J, Crawford R, Kaminski NE. TCDD-mediated suppression of naïve human B cell IgM secretion involves aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated reduction in STAT3 serine 727 phosphorylation and is restored by interferon-γ. Cell Signal 2019; 65:109447. [PMID: 31678681 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2019.109447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is a persistent environmental contaminant formed as a byproduct in organic synthesis and burning of organic materials. TCDD has potent immunotoxic effects in B lymphocytes resulting in decreased cellular activation and suppressed IgM secretion following activation with CD40 ligand. Previous work from our lab demonstrated that TCDD treatment of naïve human B cells resulted in significant increases in the levels of the tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1, which corresponded with suppression of IgM secretion. STAT3 is a critical B cell transcription factor for B cell activation and secretion of immunoglobulins (Ig). STAT3 dimerizes and translocates to the nucleus following phosphorylation as a result of cytokine receptor signaling. We hypothesized that TCDD-mediated increases in SHP-1 could result in decreased STAT3 tyrosine phosphorylation. Interestingly, only modest changes in the levels of STAT3 tyrosine phosphorylation were observed. By contrast, TCDD significantly reduced levels of STAT3 serine phosphorylation as early as 12h post B cell activation. These results corresponded with decreased inhibitory phosphorylation of the serine specific phosphatase PP2a, which is regulated by SHP-1. Further, studies revealed that interferon gamma (IFNγ), which signals through the type II interferon receptor, can non-canonically induce STAT3 activation via Src kinase activity. Indeed, treatment of human B cells with IFNγ resulted in increased STAT3 serine phosphorylation and reversed TCDD-mediated suppression of the IgM response. Together, these data putatively identify a key event in the mechanism by which TCDD induces suppression of Ig secretion and demonstrate the potential of IFNγ as a means to reverse this effect in primary human B lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lance K Blevins
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Jiajun Zhou
- Department of Microbiology & Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Robert Crawford
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Norbert E Kaminski
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States; Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States; Center for Research on Ingredient Safety, MIchigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States.
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39
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Targeting STAT3 in Cancer with Nucleotide Therapeutics. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11111681. [PMID: 31671769 PMCID: PMC6896109 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11111681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) plays a critical role in promoting the proliferation and survival of tumor cells. As a ubiquitously-expressed transcription factor, STAT3 has commonly been considered an "undruggable" target for therapy; thus, much research has focused on targeting upstream pathways to reduce the expression or phosphorylation/activation of STAT3 in tumor cells. Recently, however, novel approaches have been developed to directly inhibit STAT3 in human cancers, in the hope of reducing the survival and proliferation of tumor cells. Several of these agents are nucleic acid-based, including the antisense molecule AZD9150, CpG-coupled STAT3 siRNA, G-quartet oligodeoxynucleotides (GQ-ODNs), and STAT3 decoys. While the AZD9150 and CpG-STAT3 siRNA interfere with STAT3 expression, STAT3 decoys and GQ-ODNs target constitutively activated STAT3 and modulate its ability to bind to target genes. Both STAT3 decoy and AZD9150 have advanced to clinical testing in humans. Here we will review the current understanding of the structures, mechanisms, and potential clinical utilities of the nucleic acid-based STAT3 inhibitors.
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40
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Rébé C, Ghiringhelli F. STAT3, a Master Regulator of Anti-Tumor Immune Response. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1280. [PMID: 31480382 PMCID: PMC6770459 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11091280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune cells in the tumor microenvironment regulate cancer growth. Thus cancer progression is dependent on the activation or repression of transcription programs involved in the proliferation/activation of lymphoid and myeloid cells. One of the main transcription factors involved in many of these pathways is the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). In this review we will focus on the role of STAT3 and its regulation, e.g. by phosphorylation or acetylation in immune cells and how it might impact immune cell function and tumor progression. Moreover, we will review the ability of STAT3 to regulate checkpoint inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cédric Rébé
- Platform of Transfer in Cancer Biology, Centre Georges François Leclerc, INSERM LNC UMR1231,University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, France.
| | - François Ghiringhelli
- Platform of Transfer in Cancer Biology, Centre Georges François Leclerc, INSERM LNC UMR1231,University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, France.
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41
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Platanitis E, Demiroz D, Schneller A, Fischer K, Capelle C, Hartl M, Gossenreiter T, Müller M, Novatchkova M, Decker T. A molecular switch from STAT2-IRF9 to ISGF3 underlies interferon-induced gene transcription. Nat Commun 2019; 10:2921. [PMID: 31266943 PMCID: PMC6606597 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10970-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells maintain the balance between homeostasis and inflammation by adapting and integrating the activity of intracellular signaling cascades, including the JAK-STAT pathway. Our understanding of how a tailored switch from homeostasis to a strong receptor-dependent response is coordinated remains limited. Here, we use an integrated transcriptomic and proteomic approach to analyze transcription-factor binding, gene expression and in vivo proximity-dependent labelling of proteins in living cells under homeostatic and interferon (IFN)-induced conditions. We show that interferons (IFN) switch murine macrophages from resting-state to induced gene expression by alternating subunits of transcription factor ISGF3. Whereas preformed STAT2-IRF9 complexes control basal expression of IFN-induced genes (ISG), both type I IFN and IFN-γ cause promoter binding of a complete ISGF3 complex containing STAT1, STAT2 and IRF9. In contrast to the dogmatic view of ISGF3 formation in the cytoplasm, our results suggest a model wherein the assembly of the ISGF3 complex occurs on DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Duygu Demiroz
- Max Perutz Labs (MPL), University of Vienna, Vienna, 1030, Austria
| | - Anja Schneller
- Max Perutz Labs (MPL), University of Vienna, Vienna, 1030, Austria
| | - Katrin Fischer
- Max Perutz Labs (MPL), University of Vienna, Vienna, 1030, Austria
| | | | - Markus Hartl
- Max Perutz Labs (MPL), University of Vienna, Vienna, 1030, Austria
| | | | - Mathias Müller
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, 1210, Austria
| | - Maria Novatchkova
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (IMBA), Vienna, 1030, Austria
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Vienna, 1030, Austria
| | - Thomas Decker
- Max Perutz Labs (MPL), University of Vienna, Vienna, 1030, Austria.
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42
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Kaleviste E, Saare M, Leahy TR, Bondet V, Duffy D, Mogensen TH, Jørgensen SE, Nurm H, Ip W, Davies EG, Sauer S, Syvänen AC, Milani L, Peterson P, Kisand K. Interferon signature in patients with STAT1 gain-of-function mutation is epigenetically determined. Eur J Immunol 2019; 49:790-800. [PMID: 30801692 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201847955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
STAT1 gain-of-function (GOF) variants lead to defective Th17 cell development and chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis (CMC), but frequently also to autoimmunity. Stimulation of cells with STAT1 inducing cytokines like interferons (IFN) result in hyperphosphorylation and delayed dephosphorylation of GOF STAT1. However, the mechanism how the delayed dephosphorylation exactly causes the increased expression of STAT1-dependent genes, and how the intracellular signal transduction from cytokine receptors is affected, remains unknown. In this study we show that the circulating levels of IFN-α were not persistently elevated in STAT1 GOF patients. Nevertheless, the expression of interferon signature genes was evident even in the patient with low or undetectable serum IFN-α levels. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) experiments revealed that the active chromatin mark trimethylation of lysine 4 of histone 3 (H3K4me3), was significantly enriched in areas associated with interferon-stimulated genes in STAT1 GOF cells in comparison to cells from healthy donors. This suggests that the chromatin binding of GOF STAT1 variant promotes epigenetic changes compatible with higher gene expression and elevated reactivity to type I interferons, and possibly predisposes for interferon-related autoimmunity. The results also suggest that epigenetic rewiring may be responsible for treatment failure of Janus kinase 1/2 (JAK1/2) inhibitors in certain patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Epp Kaleviste
- Department of Biomedicine, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Mario Saare
- Department of Biomedicine, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Timothy Ronan Leahy
- Department of Paediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Vincent Bondet
- Immunobiology of Dendritic Cells Unit, Inserm U1223, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Darragh Duffy
- Immunobiology of Dendritic Cells Unit, Inserm U1223, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Trine H Mogensen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Helke Nurm
- Department of emergency care and acute infections, Tallinn Children's Hospital, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Winnie Ip
- Great Ormond Street Hospital & UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - E Graham Davies
- Great Ormond Street Hospital & UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sascha Sauer
- Otto Warburg Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany.,Laboratory of Functional Genomics, Nutrigenomics and Systems Biology, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine (BIMSB/BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Ann-Christine Syvänen
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Medicine and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lili Milani
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Pärt Peterson
- Department of Biomedicine, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Kai Kisand
- Department of Biomedicine, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
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43
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Kang YH, Biswas A, Field M, Snapper SB. STAT1 signaling shields T cells from NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Nat Commun 2019; 10:912. [PMID: 30796216 PMCID: PMC6385318 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-08743-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The JAK-STAT pathway critically regulates T-cell differentiation, and STAT1 is postulated to regulate several immune-mediated diseases by inducing proinflammatory subsets. Here we show that STAT1 enables CD4+ T-cell-mediated intestinal inflammation by protecting them from natural killer (NK) cell-mediated elimination. Stat1−/− T cells fail to expand and establish colitis in lymphopenic mice. This defect is not fully recapitulated by the combinatorial loss of type I and II IFN signaling. Mechanistically, Stat1−/− T cells have reduced expression of Nlrc5 and multiple MHC class I molecules that serve to protect cells from NK cell-mediated killing. Consequently, the depletion of NK cells significantly rescues the survival and spontaneous proliferation of Stat1−/− T cells, and restores their ability to induce colitis in adoptive transfer mouse models. Stat1−/− mice however have normal CD4+ T cell numbers as innate STAT1 signaling is required for their elimination. Overall, our findings reveal a critical perspective on JAK-STAT1 signaling that might apply to multiple inflammatory diseases. The JAK-STAT signaling pathway is important for cytokine responses and CD4 T-cell differentiation. Here the authors show that Stat1 also serves to protect CD4 T cells from natural killer cell-mediated killing, potentially by promoting the expression of Nlrc5 and MHC-I, to preserve the induction of experimental colitis via the adoptive transfer of CD4 T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Hui Kang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Amlan Biswas
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,Discovery Immunology, Abbvie, 200 Sidney Street, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Michael Field
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Scott B Snapper
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA. .,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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44
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T Virtanen A, Haikarainen T, Raivola J, Silvennoinen O. Selective JAKinibs: Prospects in Inflammatory and Autoimmune Diseases. BioDrugs 2019; 33:15-32. [PMID: 30701418 PMCID: PMC6373396 DOI: 10.1007/s40259-019-00333-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cytokines, many of which signal through the JAK-STAT (Janus kinase-Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription) pathway, play a central role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Currently three JAK inhibitors have been approved for clinical use in USA and/or Europe: tofacitinib for rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis and ulcerative colitis, baricitinib for rheumatoid arthritis, and ruxolitinib for myeloproliferative neoplasms. The clinical JAK inhibitors target multiple JAKs at high potency and current research has focused on more selective JAK inhibitors, almost a dozen of which currently are being evaluated in clinical trials. In this narrative review, we summarize the status of the pan-JAK and selective JAK inhibitors approved or in clinical trials, and discuss the rationale for selective targeting of JAKs in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anniina T Virtanen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön katu 34, 33520, Tampere, Finland.
| | - Teemu Haikarainen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön katu 34, 33520, Tampere, Finland
| | - Juuli Raivola
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön katu 34, 33520, Tampere, Finland
| | - Olli Silvennoinen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön katu 34, 33520, Tampere, Finland.
- Fimlab Laboratories, 33520, Tampere, Finland.
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, (Viikinkaari 5), 00014, Helsinki, Finland.
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45
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Fabbri M, Frixou M, Degano M, Fousteri G. Type 1 Diabetes in STAT Protein Family Mutations: Regulating the Th17/Treg Equilibrium and Beyond. Diabetes 2019; 68:258-265. [PMID: 30665954 DOI: 10.2337/db18-0627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Improvements in the immunological, molecular, and genetic technologies such as next-generation sequencing have led to an exponential increase in the number of monogenic immune dysregulatory syndromes diagnosed, where type 1 diabetes (T1D) forms part of the autoimmune manifestations. Here, we reviewed the mutations in the signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) protein family, namely gain-of-function (GOF) mutations in STAT1 and STAT3 as well as STAT5b deficiency, that show strong association to T1D susceptibility. The equilibrium of T-helper 17 (Th17) and regulatory T cells (Tregs) is often found altered in patients affected by STAT GOF mutations. While the increased number of Th17 cells and the concomitant decrease in Treg cells may explain T1D in STAT3 GOF patients, the reduced number of Th17 cells found in those carrying STAT1 GOF mutations added a new level of complexity on the exact role of Th17 in the pathogenesis of T1D. Here, we describe the possible mechanisms through which STAT3 and STAT1 GOF mutations may perturb the fate and function of Th17 and Tregs and explore how this may lead to the development of T1D. We propose that the study of monogenic diseases, and in particular STAT mutations, may not only improve our understanding of the function of the human immune system but also shed light onto the pathogenic mechanisms of T1D and the genetic variants that confer predisposition to the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Fabbri
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Mikaela Frixou
- School of Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, U.K
| | - Massimo Degano
- Biocrystallography Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Georgia Fousteri
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
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Song DG, Kim D, Jung JW, Nam SH, Kim JE, Kim HJ, Kim JH, Lee SJ, Pan CH, Kim S, Lee JW. Glutamyl‐prolyl‐tRNA synthetase induces fibrotic extracellular matrix
via
both transcriptional and translational mechanisms. FASEB J 2018; 33:4341-4354. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.201801344rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dae-Geun Song
- Department of PharmacyResearch Institute of Pharmaceutical SciencesCollege of PharmacySeoul National University Seoul Republic of Korea
- Systems Biotechnology Research CenterKorea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) Gangneung-si Republic of Korea
| | - Doyeun Kim
- Medicinal Bioconvergence Research CenterSeoul National University Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Woo Jung
- Interdisciplinary Program in Genetic EngineeringSeoul National University Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Seo Hee Nam
- Department of PharmacyResearch Institute of Pharmaceutical SciencesCollege of PharmacySeoul National University Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Eon Kim
- Department of PharmacyResearch Institute of Pharmaceutical SciencesCollege of PharmacySeoul National University Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Jin Kim
- Department of PharmacyResearch Institute of Pharmaceutical SciencesCollege of PharmacySeoul National University Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Hyun Kim
- Medicinal Bioconvergence Research CenterSeoul National University Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Seo-Jin Lee
- Department of Life Science and BiotechnologyShingyeong University Gyeonggi-do Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol-Ho Pan
- Systems Biotechnology Research CenterKorea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) Gangneung-si Republic of Korea
| | - Sunghoon Kim
- Medicinal Bioconvergence Research CenterSeoul National University Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Weon Lee
- Department of PharmacyResearch Institute of Pharmaceutical SciencesCollege of PharmacySeoul National University Seoul Republic of Korea
- Medicinal Bioconvergence Research CenterSeoul National University Seoul Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Genetic EngineeringSeoul National University Seoul Republic of Korea
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Rincon M, Pereira FV. A New Perspective: Mitochondrial Stat3 as a Regulator for Lymphocyte Function. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19061656. [PMID: 29866996 PMCID: PMC6032237 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19061656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Stat3 as a transcription factor regulating gene expression in lymphocytes during the immune response is well known. However, since the pioneering studies discovering the presence of Stat3 in mitochondria and its role in regulating mitochondrial metabolism, only a few studies have investigated this non-conventional function of Stat3 in lymphocytes. From this perspective, we review what is known about Stat3 as a transcription factor and what is known and unknown about mitochondrial Stat3 (mitoStat3) in lymphocytes. We also provide a framework to consider how some of the functions previously assigned to Stat3 as regulator of gene transcription could be mediated by mitoStat3 in lymphocytes. The goal of this review is to stimulate interest for future studies investigating mitoStat3 in the immune response that could lead to the generation of alternative pharmacological inhibitors of mitoStat3 for the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Rincon
- Department of Medicine, Immunobiology Division, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA.
| | - Felipe Valença Pereira
- Department of Medicine, Immunobiology Division, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA.
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48
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Roca Suarez AA, Van Renne N, Baumert TF, Lupberger J. Viral manipulation of STAT3: Evade, exploit, and injure. PLoS Pathog 2018; 14:e1006839. [PMID: 29543893 PMCID: PMC5854428 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a key regulator of numerous physiological functions, including the immune response. As pathogens elicit an acute phase response with concerted activation of STAT3, they are confronted with two evolutionary options: either curtail it or employ it. This has important consequences for the host, since abnormal STAT3 function is associated with cancer development and other diseases. This review provides a comprehensive outline of how human viruses cope with STAT3-mediated inflammation and how this affects the host. Finally, we discuss STAT3 as a potential target for antiviral therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armando Andres Roca Suarez
- Inserm, U1110, Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hépatiques, Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Nicolaas Van Renne
- Inserm, U1110, Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hépatiques, Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Thomas F. Baumert
- Inserm, U1110, Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hépatiques, Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Pôle Hépato-digestif, Institut Hospitalo-universitaire, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Joachim Lupberger
- Inserm, U1110, Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hépatiques, Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- * E-mail:
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Agrawal K, Arora N. Serine protease allergen favours Th2 responses via PAR-2 and STAT3 activation in murine model. Allergy 2018; 73:569-575. [PMID: 28940472 DOI: 10.1111/all.13315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Protease activity of Per a 10 favours Th2 responses by differential regulation of IL-12p70 and IL-23 cytokine subunits. This study aimed to elucidate the underlying mechanism of differential regulation of IL-12p70 and IL-23. METHODS PAR-2 activation was blocked in murine model by administering SAM11 before each sensitization. CD11c+ p-STAT3+ cells were measured in lungs by flow cytometry. BMDCs were pretreated with SAM11 or isotype control or stattic and stimulated with Per a 10. p-STAT3 levels were measured using Western blot. Transcript levels of IL-12p35, IL-12/23p40 and IL-23p19 were measured using RT-PCR. Cytokine levels were analysed using ELISA. RESULTS Protease activity of Per a 10 increased p-STAT3 levels in mouse lungs, which was reduced upon PAR-2 blockage. Percentage of p-STAT3+ CD11c+ cells was higher in Per a 10-administered mice and was reduced upon PAR-2 blockage. IL-12p35 and IL-12p70 levels were higher, and IL-23p19 and IL-23 levels were lower in both SAM11-treated mice and BMDCs indicating a role of PAR-2-mediated signalling. IL-4, TSLP, IL-17A, EPO activity, total cell count and specific IgE and IgG1 levels were lower in SAM11-administered mice. Inhibiting STAT3 activation via stattic also leads to lower levels of IL-23p19 and IL-23 and higher levels of IL-12p35. CONCLUSIONS Per a 10 leads to PAR-2 activation on BMDCs resulting in downstream activation of STAT3 to regulate the balance between IL-12/IL-23 subunits causing a cytokine milieu rich in IL-23 to favour Th2 polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Agrawal
- Allergy and Immunology section; CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology; New Delhi India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR); CSIR-IGIB Campus; New Delhi India
| | - N. Arora
- Allergy and Immunology section; CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology; New Delhi India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR); CSIR-IGIB Campus; New Delhi India
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50
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Sadreev II, Chen MZQ, Umezawa Y, Biktashev VN, Kemper C, Salakhieva DV, Welsh GI, Kotov NV. The competitive nature of signal transducer and activator of transcription complex formation drives phenotype switching of T cells. Immunology 2017; 153:488-501. [PMID: 29030870 DOI: 10.1111/imm.12851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2017] [Revised: 09/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Signal transducers and activators of transcription (STATs) are key molecular determinants of T-cell fate and effector function. Several inflammatory diseases are characterized by an altered balance of T-cell phenotypes and cytokine secretion. STATs, therefore, represent viable therapeutic targets in numerous pathologies. However, the underlying mechanisms by which the same STAT proteins regulate both the development of different T-cell phenotypes and their plasticity during changes in extracellular conditions remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the STAT-mediated regulation of T-cell phenotype formation and plasticity using mathematical modelling and experimental data for intracellular STAT signalling proteins. The close fit of our model predictions to the experimental data allows us to propose a potential mechanism for T-cell switching. According to this mechanism, T-cell phenotype switching is the result of the relative redistribution of STAT dimer complexes caused by the extracellular cytokine-dependent STAT competition effects. The developed model predicts that the balance between the intracellular STAT species defines the amount of the produced cytokines and thereby T-cell phenotypes. The model predictions are consistent with the experimentally observed interferon-γ to interleukin-10 switching that regulates human T helper type 1/type 1 regulatory T-cell responses. The proposed model is applicable to a number of STAT signalling circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ildar I Sadreev
- Centre for Systems, Dynamics and Control, College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Michael Z Q Chen
- School of Automation, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yoshinori Umezawa
- Department of Dermatology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Vadim N Biktashev
- Centre for Systems, Dynamics and Control, College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Claudia Kemper
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Immunology Center, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Division of Transplant Immunology and Mucosal Biology, King's College London, London, UK.,Institute for Systemic Inflammation Research, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Diana V Salakhieva
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Gavin I Welsh
- Bristol Renal, School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Nikolay V Kotov
- Biophysics & Bionics Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan, Russia
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