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Thej C, Roy R, Cheng Z, Garikipati VNS, Truongcao MM, Joladarashi D, Mallaredy V, Cimini M, Gonzalez C, Magadum A, Ghosh J, Benedict C, Koch WJ, Kishore R. Epigenetic mechanisms regulate sex differences in cardiac reparative functions of bone marrow progenitor cells. NPJ Regen Med 2024; 9:17. [PMID: 38684697 PMCID: PMC11058271 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-024-00362-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Historically, a lower incidence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and related deaths in women as compared with men of the same age has been attributed to female sex hormones, particularly estrogen and its receptors. Autologous bone marrow stem cell (BMSC) clinical trials for cardiac cell therapy overwhelmingly included male patients. However, meta-analysis data from these trials suggest a better functional outcome in postmenopausal women as compared with aged-matched men. Mechanisms governing sex-specific cardiac reparative activity in BMSCs, with and without the influence of sex hormones, remain unexplored. To discover these mechanisms, Male (M), female (F), and ovariectomized female (OVX) mice-derived EPCs were subjected to a series of molecular and epigenetic analyses followed by in vivo functional assessments of cardiac repair. F-EPCs and OVX EPCs show a lower inflammatory profile and promote enhanced cardiac reparative activity after intra-cardiac injections in a male mouse model of myocardial infarction (MI). Epigenetic sequencing revealed a marked difference in the occupancy of the gene repressive H3K9me3 mark, particularly at transcription start sites of key angiogenic and proinflammatory genes in M-EPCs compared with F-EPCs and OVX-EPCs. Our study unveiled that functional sex differences in EPCs are, in part, mediated by differential epigenetic regulation of the proinflammatory and anti-angiogenic gene CCL3, orchestrated by the control of H3K9me3 by histone methyltransferase, G9a/Ehmt2. Our research highlights the importance of considering the sex of donor cells for progenitor-based tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charan Thej
- Aging and Cardiovascular Discovery Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Rajika Roy
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Zhongjian Cheng
- Aging and Cardiovascular Discovery Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | | | - May M Truongcao
- Aging and Cardiovascular Discovery Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Darukeshwara Joladarashi
- Aging and Cardiovascular Discovery Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Vandana Mallaredy
- Aging and Cardiovascular Discovery Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Maria Cimini
- Aging and Cardiovascular Discovery Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Carolina Gonzalez
- Aging and Cardiovascular Discovery Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Ajit Magadum
- Aging and Cardiovascular Discovery Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Jayashri Ghosh
- Fels Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Cindy Benedict
- Aging and Cardiovascular Discovery Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Walter J Koch
- Aging and Cardiovascular Discovery Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Raj Kishore
- Aging and Cardiovascular Discovery Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA.
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA.
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Gerdle B, Dahlqvist Leinhard O, Lund E, Lundberg P, Forsgren MF, Ghafouri B. Pain and the biochemistry of fibromyalgia: patterns of peripheral cytokines and chemokines contribute to the differentiation between fibromyalgia and controls and are associated with pain, fat infiltration and content. FRONTIERS IN PAIN RESEARCH 2024; 5:1288024. [PMID: 38304854 PMCID: PMC10830731 DOI: 10.3389/fpain.2024.1288024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives This explorative study analyses interrelationships between peripheral compounds in saliva, plasma, and muscles together with body composition variables in healthy subjects and in fibromyalgia patients (FM). There is a need to better understand the extent cytokines and chemokines are associated with body composition and which cytokines and chemokines differentiate FM from healthy controls. Methods Here, 32 female FM patients and 30 age-matched female healthy controls underwent a clinical examination that included blood sample, saliva samples, and pain threshold tests. In addition, the subjects completed a health questionnaire. From these blood and saliva samples, a panel of 68 mainly cytokines and chemokines were determined. Microdialysis of trapezius and erector spinae muscles, phosphorus-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy of erector spinae muscle, and whole-body magnetic resonance imaging for determination of body composition (BC)-i.e., muscle volume, fat content and infiltration-were also performed. Results After standardizing BC measurements to remove the confounding effect of Body Mass Index, fat infiltration and content are generally increased, and fat-free muscle volume is decreased in FM. Mainly saliva proteins differentiated FM from controls. When including all investigated compounds and BC variables, fat infiltration and content variables were most important, followed by muscle compounds and cytokines and chemokines from saliva and plasma. Various plasma proteins correlated positively with pain intensity in FM and negatively with pain thresholds in all subjects taken together. A mix of increased plasma cytokines and chemokines correlated with an index covering fat infiltration and content in different tissues. When muscle compounds were included in the analysis, several of these were identified as the most important regressors, although many plasma and saliva proteins remained significant. Discussion Peripheral factors were important for group differentiation between FM and controls. In saliva (but not plasma), cytokines and chemokines were significantly associated with group membership as saliva compounds were increased in FM. The importance of peripheral factors for group differentiation increased when muscle compounds and body composition variables were also included. Plasma proteins were important for pain intensity and sensitivity. Cytokines and chemokines mainly from plasma were also significantly and positively associated with a fat infiltration and content index. Conclusion Our findings of associations between cytokines and chemokines and fat infiltration and content in different tissues confirm that inflammation and immune factors are secreted from adipose tissue. FM is clearly characterized by complex interactions between peripheral tissues and the peripheral and central nervous systems, including nociceptive, immune, and neuroendocrine processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Björn Gerdle
- Pain and Rehabilitation Centre, and Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization (CMIV), Linköping, Sweden
| | - Olof Dahlqvist Leinhard
- Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization (CMIV), Linköping, Sweden
- Radiation Physics, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- AMRA Medical AB, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Eva Lund
- Radiation Physics, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Peter Lundberg
- Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization (CMIV), Linköping, Sweden
- Department of Radiation Physics, and Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Mikael Fredrik Forsgren
- Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization (CMIV), Linköping, Sweden
- Radiation Physics, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- AMRA Medical AB, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Bijar Ghafouri
- Pain and Rehabilitation Centre, and Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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Bakhtiyari M, Liaghat M, Aziziyan F, Shapourian H, Yahyazadeh S, Alipour M, Shahveh S, Maleki-Sheikhabadi F, Halimi H, Forghaniesfidvajani R, Zalpoor H, Nabi-Afjadi M, Pornour M. The role of bone marrow microenvironment (BMM) cells in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) progression: immune checkpoints, metabolic checkpoints, and signaling pathways. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:252. [PMID: 37735675 PMCID: PMC10512514 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01282-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) comprises a multifarious and heterogeneous array of illnesses characterized by the anomalous proliferation of myeloid cells in the bone marrow microenvironment (BMM). The BMM plays a pivotal role in promoting AML progression, angiogenesis, and metastasis. The immune checkpoints (ICs) and metabolic processes are the key players in this process. In this review, we delineate the metabolic and immune checkpoint characteristics of the AML BMM, with a focus on the roles of BMM cells e.g. tumor-associated macrophages, natural killer cells, dendritic cells, metabolic profiles and related signaling pathways. We also discuss the signaling pathways stimulated in AML cells by BMM factors that lead to AML progression. We then delve into the roles of immune checkpoints in AML angiogenesis, metastasis, and cell proliferation, including co-stimulatory and inhibitory ICs. Lastly, we discuss the potential therapeutic approaches and future directions for AML treatment, emphasizing the potential of targeting metabolic and immune checkpoints in AML BMM as prognostic and therapeutic targets. In conclusion, the modulation of these processes through the use of directed drugs opens up new promising avenues in combating AML. Thereby, a comprehensive elucidation of the significance of these AML BMM cells' metabolic and immune checkpoints and signaling pathways on leukemic cells can be undertaken in the future investigations. Additionally, these checkpoints and cells should be considered plausible multi-targeted therapies for AML in combination with other conventional treatments in AML. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Bakhtiyari
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy & Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education & Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Liaghat
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy & Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education & Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kazerun Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kazerun, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Aziziyan
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy & Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education & Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hooriyeh Shapourian
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sheida Yahyazadeh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maedeh Alipour
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Shaghayegh Shahveh
- American Association of Naturopath Physician (AANP), Washington, DC, USA
| | - Fahimeh Maleki-Sheikhabadi
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hossein Halimi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Razieh Forghaniesfidvajani
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy & Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education & Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Zalpoor
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy & Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education & Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.
- Shiraz Neuroscience Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Mohsen Nabi-Afjadi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Majid Pornour
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
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Juric V, Mayes E, Binnewies M, Lee T, Canaday P, Pollack JL, Rudolph J, Du X, Liu VM, Dash S, Palmer R, Jahchan NS, Ramoth ÅJ, Lacayo S, Mankikar S, Norng M, Brassell C, Pal A, Chan C, Lu E, Sriram V, Streuli M, Krummel MF, Baker KP, Liang L. TREM1 activation of myeloid cells promotes antitumor immunity. Sci Transl Med 2023; 15:eadd9990. [PMID: 37647386 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.add9990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Myeloid cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) can exist in immunosuppressive and immunostimulatory states that impede or promote antitumor immunity, respectively. Blocking suppressive myeloid cells or increasing stimulatory cells to enhance antitumor immune responses is an area of interest for therapeutic intervention. Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (TREM1) is a proinflammatory receptor that amplifies immune responses. TREM1 is expressed on neutrophils, subsets of monocytes and tissue macrophages, and suppressive myeloid populations in the TME, including tumor-associated neutrophils, monocytes, and tumor-associated macrophages. Depletion or inhibition of immunosuppressive myeloid cells, or stimulation by TREM1-mediated inflammatory signaling, could be used to promote an immunostimulatory TME. We developed PY159, an afucosylated humanized anti-TREM1 monoclonal antibody with enhanced FcγR binding. PY159 is a TREM1 agonist that induces signaling, leading to up-regulation of costimulatory molecules on monocytes and macrophages, production of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, and enhancement of T cell activation in vitro. An antibody against mouse TREM1, PY159m, promoted antitumor efficacy in syngeneic mouse tumor models. These results suggest that PY159-mediated agonism of TREM1 on tumoral myeloid cells can promote a proinflammatory TME and offer a promising strategy for immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladislava Juric
- Pionyr Immunotherapeutics, 2 Tower Place, Suite 800, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Erin Mayes
- Pionyr Immunotherapeutics, 2 Tower Place, Suite 800, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Mikhail Binnewies
- Pionyr Immunotherapeutics, 2 Tower Place, Suite 800, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Tian Lee
- Pionyr Immunotherapeutics, 2 Tower Place, Suite 800, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Pamela Canaday
- Pionyr Immunotherapeutics, 2 Tower Place, Suite 800, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Joshua L Pollack
- Pionyr Immunotherapeutics, 2 Tower Place, Suite 800, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Joshua Rudolph
- Pionyr Immunotherapeutics, 2 Tower Place, Suite 800, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Xiaoyan Du
- Pionyr Immunotherapeutics, 2 Tower Place, Suite 800, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Victoria M Liu
- Pionyr Immunotherapeutics, 2 Tower Place, Suite 800, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Subhadra Dash
- Pionyr Immunotherapeutics, 2 Tower Place, Suite 800, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Rachael Palmer
- Pionyr Immunotherapeutics, 2 Tower Place, Suite 800, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Nadine S Jahchan
- Pionyr Immunotherapeutics, 2 Tower Place, Suite 800, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Åsa Johanna Ramoth
- Pionyr Immunotherapeutics, 2 Tower Place, Suite 800, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Sergio Lacayo
- Pionyr Immunotherapeutics, 2 Tower Place, Suite 800, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Shilpa Mankikar
- Pionyr Immunotherapeutics, 2 Tower Place, Suite 800, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Manith Norng
- Pionyr Immunotherapeutics, 2 Tower Place, Suite 800, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Chris Brassell
- Pionyr Immunotherapeutics, 2 Tower Place, Suite 800, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Aritra Pal
- Pionyr Immunotherapeutics, 2 Tower Place, Suite 800, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Christopher Chan
- Pionyr Immunotherapeutics, 2 Tower Place, Suite 800, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Erick Lu
- Pionyr Immunotherapeutics, 2 Tower Place, Suite 800, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Venkataraman Sriram
- Pionyr Immunotherapeutics, 2 Tower Place, Suite 800, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Michel Streuli
- Pionyr Immunotherapeutics, 2 Tower Place, Suite 800, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Matthew F Krummel
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Kevin P Baker
- Pionyr Immunotherapeutics, 2 Tower Place, Suite 800, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Linda Liang
- Pionyr Immunotherapeutics, 2 Tower Place, Suite 800, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
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Schneckmann R, Döring M, Gerfer S, Gorressen S, Heitmeier S, Helten C, Polzin A, Jung C, Kelm M, Fender AC, Flögel U, Grandoch M. Rivaroxaban attenuates neutrophil maturation in the bone marrow niche. Basic Res Cardiol 2023; 118:31. [PMID: 37580509 PMCID: PMC10425524 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-023-01001-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Pharmacological inhibition of factor Xa by rivaroxaban has been shown to mediate cardioprotection and is frequently used in patients with, e.g., atrial fibrillation. Rivaroxaban's anti-inflammatory actions are well known, but the underlying mechanisms are still incompletely understood. To date, no study has focused on the effects of rivaroxaban on the bone marrow (BM), despite growing evidence that the BM and its activation are of major importance in the development/progression of cardiovascular disease. Thus, we examined the impact of rivaroxaban on BM composition under homeostatic conditions and in response to a major cardiovascular event. Rivaroxaban treatment of mice for 7 days markedly diminished mature leukocytes in the BM. While apoptosis of BM-derived mature myeloid leukocytes was unaffected, lineage-negative BM cells exhibited a differentiation arrest at the level of granulocyte-monocyte progenitors, specifically affecting neutrophil maturation via downregulation of the transcription factors Spi1 and Csfr1. To assess whether this persists also in situations of increased leukocyte demand, mice were subjected to cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury (I/R): 7 d pretreatment with rivaroxaban led to reduced cardiac inflammation 72 h after I/R and lowered circulating leukocyte numbers. However, BM myelopoiesis showed a rescue of the leukocyte differentiation arrest, indicating that rivaroxaban's inhibitory effects are restricted to homeostatic conditions and are mainly abolished during emergency hematopoiesis. In translation, ST-elevation MI patients treated with rivaroxaban also exhibited reduced circulating leukocyte numbers. In conclusion, we demonstrate that rivaroxaban attenuates neutrophil maturation in the BM, which may offer a therapeutic option to limit overshooting of the immune response after I/R.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Schneckmann
- Institute for Translational Pharmacology Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty, University Hospital of the Heinrich Heine University, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - M Döring
- Institute for Translational Pharmacology Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty, University Hospital of the Heinrich Heine University, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - S Gerfer
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart Center of the University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - S Gorressen
- Institute for Pharmacology Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty, University Hospital and Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - S Heitmeier
- Research & Development Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, Acute Hospital Research, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - C Helten
- Department for Cardiology, Pneumology and Vascular Medicine, University Hospital and Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - A Polzin
- Department for Cardiology, Pneumology and Vascular Medicine, University Hospital and Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- CARID, Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - C Jung
- Department for Cardiology, Pneumology and Vascular Medicine, University Hospital and Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- CARID, Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - M Kelm
- Department for Cardiology, Pneumology and Vascular Medicine, University Hospital and Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- CARID, Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - A C Fender
- Institute of Pharmacology, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - U Flögel
- CARID, Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Experimental Cardiovascular Imaging, Institute for Molecular Cardiology, University Hospital and Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - M Grandoch
- Institute for Translational Pharmacology Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty, University Hospital of the Heinrich Heine University, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
- CARID, Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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Sun W, Wang Q, Zhang R, Zhang N. Ketogenic diet attenuates neuroinflammation and induces conversion of M1 microglia to M2 in an EAE model of multiple sclerosis by regulating the NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway and inhibiting HDAC3 and P2X7R activation. Food Funct 2023; 14:7247-7269. [PMID: 37466915 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo00122a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by demyelination and neurodegeneration in the central nervous system (CNS); severe symptoms lead MS patients to use complementary treatments. Ketogenic diet (KD) shows wide neuroprotective effects, but the precise mechanisms underlying the therapeutic activity of KD in MS are unclear. The present study established a continuous 24 days experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mouse model with or without KD. The changes in motor function, pathological hallmarks of EAE, the status of microglia, neuroinflammatory response and intracellular signaling pathways in mice were detected by the rotarod test, histological analysis, real-time PCR (RT-PCR) and western blotting. Our results showed that KD could prevent motor deficiency, reduce clinical scores, inhibit demyelination, improve pathological lesions and suppress microglial activation in the spinal cord of EAE mice. Meanwhile, KD shifted microglial polarization toward the protective M2 phenotype and modified the inflammatory milieu by downregulating the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6, as well as upregulating the release of anti-inflammatory cytokines such as TGF-β. Furthermore, KD decreased the expression levels of CCL2, CCR2, CCL3, CCR1, CCR5, CXCL10 and CXCR3 in the spinal cord and spleen with reduced monocyte/macrophage infiltration in the CNS. In addition, KD inhibits NLRP3 activation in the microglia, as revealed by the significantly decreased co-expression of NLRP3+ and Iba-1+ in the KD + EAE group. Further studies demonstrated that KD suppresses inflammatory response and M1 microglial polarization by inhibiting the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway, the JAK1/STAT1 pathway, HDAC3 and P2X7R activation, as well as up-regulation of JAK3/STAT6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Sun
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Research, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, China.
| | - Qingpeng Wang
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Research, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, China.
| | - Ruiyan Zhang
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Research, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, China.
| | - Ning Zhang
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Research, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, China.
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Herrera M, Keynan Y, Lopez L, Marín D, Vélez L, McLaren PJ, Rueda ZV. Cytokine/chemokine profiles in people with recent infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1129398. [PMID: 37261336 PMCID: PMC10229054 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1129398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The risk of progression to tuberculosis disease is highest within the first year after M. tuberculosis infection (TBI). We hypothesize that people with newly acquired TBI have a unique cytokine/chemokine profile that could be used as a potential biomarker. Methods We evaluated socio-demographic variables and 18 cytokines/chemokines in plasma samples from a cohort of people deprived of liberty (PDL) in two Colombian prisons: 47 people diagnosed with pulmonary TB, 24 with new TBI, and 47 non-infected individuals. We performed a multinomial regression to identify the immune parameters that differentiate the groups. Results The concentration of immune parameters changed over time and was affected by the time of incarceration. The concentration of sCD14, IL-18 and IP-10 differed between individuals with new TBI and short and long times of incarceration. Among people with short incarceration, high concentrations of MIP-3α were associated with a higher risk of a new TBI, and higher concentrations of Eotaxin were associated with a lower risk of a new TBI. Higher concentrations of sCD14 and TNF-α were associated with a higher risk of TB disease, and higher concentrations of IL-18 and MCP-1 were associated with a lower risk of TB disease. Conclusions There were cytokines/chemokines associated with new TBI and TB disease. However, the concentration of immune mediators varies by the time of incarceration among people with new TBI. Further studies should evaluate the changes of these and other cytokines/chemokines over time to understand the immune mechanisms across the spectrum of TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Herrera
- Epidemiology Doctorate, Facultad Nacional de Salud Pública, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Yoav Keynan
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Lucelly Lopez
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellín, Colombia
- Grupo de Investigación en Salud Pública, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Diana Marín
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellín, Colombia
- Grupo de Investigación en Salud Pública, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Lázaro Vélez
- Grupo Investigador de Problemas en Enfermedades Infecciosas (GRIPE), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Paul J. McLaren
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- JC Wilt Infectious Diseases Research Centre, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Zulma Vanessa Rueda
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellín, Colombia
- Grupo de Investigación en Salud Pública, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellín, Colombia
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Nowicki M, Wierzbowska A, Szymańska B, Nowicki G, Szmigielska-Kapło A. Inflammation-related mRNA expression in patients with multiple myeloma undergoing hematopoietic stem cell mobilization. Exp Hematol 2023:S0301-472X(23)00069-3. [PMID: 36906219 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2023.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Mobilization of CD34+ cells is a key element in the therapy of patients with multiple myeloma undergoing autologous stem cell transplantation. The use of chemotherapy and the granulocyte colony-stimulating factor can significantly affect the expression of inflammation-related proteins and the migration of hematopoietic stem cells. We assessed the mRNA expression of selected proteins involved in the inflammatory landscape in MM patients (n=71). The aim of the study was to evaluate C-C motif chemokine ligand 3, 4, 5 (CCL3, CCL4, CCL5), leukocyte cell-derived chemotaxin 2 (LECT2), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and formyl peptide receptor 2 (FPR2) levels in the course of mobilization and their role in the CD34+ collection efficacy. mRNA expression from peripheral blood plasma was evaluated by RT-PCR. We observed a deep decline in CCL3, CCL4, LECT2, and TNF mRNA expression on the day of the first apheresis (day A) as compared to baseline. A negative correlation was observed between CCL3, FPR2, LECT2, TNF level, and the CD34+ cells count in peripheral blood on day A, and the number of CD34+ cells obtained at first apheresis . Our results indicate that the investigated mRNAs significantly alter and may regulate the migration of CD34+ cells during mobilization. Moreover, in case of FPR2 and LECT2, the results obtained in patients differ from the murine models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Nowicki
- Department of Hematology and Transplantology, Copernicus Memorial Hospital in Lodz Comprehensive Cancer Center and Traumatology, Poland; Department of Hematology, Medical University of Lodz, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Wierzbowska
- Department of Hematology and Transplantology, Copernicus Memorial Hospital in Lodz Comprehensive Cancer Center and Traumatology, Poland; Department of Hematology, Medical University of Lodz, Poland
| | - Bożena Szymańska
- Central Scientific Laboratory, Medical University of Lodz, Poland
| | | | - Anna Szmigielska-Kapło
- Department of Hematology and Transplantology, Copernicus Memorial Hospital in Lodz Comprehensive Cancer Center and Traumatology, Poland; Department of Hematology, Medical University of Lodz, Poland
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9
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Wu KC, Condon ND, Hill TA, Reid RC, Fairlie DP, Lim J. Ras-Related Protein Rab5a Regulates Complement C5a Receptor Trafficking, Chemotaxis, and Chemokine Secretion in Human Macrophages. J Innate Immun 2023; 15:468-484. [PMID: 36882040 PMCID: PMC10105068 DOI: 10.1159/000530012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Complement activation and Rab GTPase trafficking are commonly observed in inflammatory responses. Recruitment of innate immune cells to sites of infection or injury and secretion of inflammatory chemokines are promoted by complement component 5a (C5a) that activates the cell surface protein C5a receptor1 (C5aR1). Persistent activation can lead to a myriad of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Here, we demonstrate that the mechanism of C5a induced chemotaxis of human monocyte-derived macrophages (HMDMs) and their secretion of inflammatory chemokines are controlled by Rab5a. We find that C5a activation of the G protein coupled receptor C5aR1 expressed on the surface of HMDMs, recruits β-arrestin2 via Rab5a trafficking, then activates downstream phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling that culminates in chemotaxis and secretion of pro-inflammatory chemokines from HMDMs. High-resolution lattice light-sheet microscopy on live cells showed that C5a activates C5aR1-GFP internalization and colocalization with Rab5a-tdTomato but not with dominant negative mutant Rab5a-S34N-tdTomato in HEK293 cells. We found that Rab5a is significantly upregulated in differentiated HMDMs and internalization of C5aR1 is dependent on Rab5a. Interestingly, while knockdown of Rab5a inhibited C5aR1-mediated Akt phosphorylation, it did not affect C5aR1-mediated ERK1/2 phosphorylation or intracellular calcium mobilization in HMDMs. Functional analysis using transwell migration and µ-slide chemotaxis assays indicated that Rab5a regulates C5a-induced chemotaxis of HMDMs. Further, C5aR1 was found to mediate interaction of Rab5a with β-arrestin2 but not with G proteins in HMDMs. Furthermore, C5a-induced secretion of pro-inflammatory chemokines (CCL2, CCL3) from HMDMs was attenuated by Rab5a or β-arrestin2 knockdown or by pharmacological inhibition with a C5aR1 antagonist or a PI3K inhibitor. These findings reveal a C5a-C5aR1-β-arrestin2-Rab5a-PI3K signaling pathway that regulates chemotaxis and pro-inflammatory chemokine secretion in HMDMs and suggests new ways of selectively modulating C5a-induced inflammatory outputs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Chen Wu
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Nicholas D. Condon
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Timothy A. Hill
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Robert C. Reid
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - David P. Fairlie
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Junxian Lim
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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10
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Kroll KW, Woolley G, Terry K, Premeaux TA, Shikuma CM, Corley MJ, Bowler S, Ndhlovu LC, Reeves RK. Multiplex analysis of cytokines and chemokines in persons aging with or without HIV. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.30.526135. [PMID: 36778301 PMCID: PMC9915515 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.30.526135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
People with HIV (PWH) on combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) are living longer lives due to modern cART advances and increased routine medical care. The full landscape of aging with HIV is unclear; given that HIV emerged relatively recently in human history and initially had a high mortality rate, there has not been a substantially aged population to evaluate. In the present study, we set out to perform high throughput plasma analyte profiling by multiplex analysis, focusing on various T helper (Th)-related cytokines, chemokines, and pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. The primary goals being to provide reference ranges of these analytes for aging PWH cohorts, as well as testing the utility of high throughput multiplex plasma assays. The cohort used in this study was comprised of age-matched healthy donors (aged 32.6-73.5), PWH on cART (aged 26.7-60.2), and viremic PWH (aged 27.5-59.4). The patients in each group were then stratified across the age span to examine age-related impacts of these plasma biomarkers. Our results largely indicate feasibility of plasma analyte monitoring by multiplex and demonstrate a high degree of person-to-person variability regardless of age and HIV status. Nonetheless, we find multiple associations with age, duration of known infection, and viral load, all of which appear to be driven by either prolonged HIV disease progression or long-term use of cART.
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11
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Colonetti K, Pinto E Vairo F, Siebert M, Nalin T, Poloni S, Fernando Wurdig Roesch L, Fischinger Moura de Souza C, Cabral Pinheiro F, Vanessa Doederlein Schwartz I. Cytokine profiling in patients with hepatic glycogen storage disease: Are there clues for unsolved aspects? Cytokine 2023; 162:156088. [PMID: 36462220 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2022.156088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hepatic Glycogen Storage Diseases (GSD) are rare genetic disorders in which the gluconeogenesis pathway is impaired. Cytokines control virtually every aspect of physiology and may help to elucidate some unsolved questions about phenotypes presented by GSD patients. METHODS This was an exploratory study in which 27 GSD patients on treatment (Ia = 16, Ib = 06, III = 02, IXα = 03) and 24 healthy age- and sex-matched subjects had plasma samples tested for a panel of 20 cytokines (G-CSF,GM-CSF, IL-1α,IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-13, IL-17A, GRO, IP-10/CXCL10, MCP-1/CCL2, MIP-1α/CCL3, MIP-1β/CCL4, MDC/CCL22, IFN-γ, TNF-α, TNF-β, VEGF) through a multiplex kit and analyzed in comparison to controls and among patients, regarding to clinical features as anemia, hepatic adenocarcinoma and triglyceride levels. RESULTS Patients (GSD-Ia/III/IX) presented reduced levels of IL-4 (p = 0.040), MIP-1α/CCL3 (p = 0.003), MDC/CCL22 (p < 0.001), TNF-β (p = 0.045) and VEGF (p = 0.043) compared to controls. When different types of GSD were compared, G-CSF was higher in GSD-Ib than -Ia (p < 0.001) and than -III/IX (p = 0.033) patients; IL-10 was higher in GSD-Ib than in GSD-Ia patients (p = 0.019); and GSD-III/IX patients had increased levels of IP-10/CXCL10 than GSD-Ib patients (p = 0.019). When GSD-I patients were gathered into the same group and compared with GSD-III/IX patients, IP10/CXCL10 and MCP-1 were higher in the latter group (p = 0.005 and p = 0.013, respectively). GSD-I patients with anemia presented higher levels of IL-4 and MIP-1α in comparison with patients who had not. Triglyceride level was correlated with neutrophil count and MDC levels on GSD-Ia patients without HCA. CONCLUSION Altogether, altered levels of cytokines in GSD-I patients reflect an imbalance in immunoregulation process. This study also indicates that neutrophils and some cytokines are affected by triglyceride levels, and future studies on the theme should consider this variable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Colonetti
- Post-Graduation Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Laboratory of Basic Research and Advanced Investigations in Neurosciences (BRAIN), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, PortoAlegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Filippo Pinto E Vairo
- Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Marina Siebert
- Laboratory of Basic Research and Advanced Investigations in Neurosciences (BRAIN), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, PortoAlegre, RS, Brazil; Post-Graduation Program in Sciences of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Laboratorial Research Unit, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Tatiéle Nalin
- Ultragenyx Brasil Farmacêutica Ltda, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Soraia Poloni
- Laboratory of Basic Research and Advanced Investigations in Neurosciences (BRAIN), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, PortoAlegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Luiz Fernando Wurdig Roesch
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Carolina Fischinger Moura de Souza
- Medical Genetics Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Post-Graduation Program in Child and Adolescent Health, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Franciele Cabral Pinheiro
- Post-Graduation Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Laboratory of Basic Research and Advanced Investigations in Neurosciences (BRAIN), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, PortoAlegre, RS, Brazil; Universidade Federal do Pampa, Itaqui, RS, Brazil
| | - Ida Vanessa Doederlein Schwartz
- Post-Graduation Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Laboratory of Basic Research and Advanced Investigations in Neurosciences (BRAIN), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, PortoAlegre, RS, Brazil; Medical Genetics Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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12
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Tiemeijer BM, Heester S, Sturtewagen AYW, Smits AIPM, Tel J. Single-cell analysis reveals TLR-induced macrophage heterogeneity and quorum sensing dictate population wide anti-inflammatory feedback in response to LPS. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1135223. [PMID: 36911668 PMCID: PMC9998924 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1135223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of macrophages in controlling tissue inflammation is indispensable to ensure a context-appropriate response to pathogens whilst preventing excessive tissue damage. Their initial response is largely characterized by high production of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) which primes and attracts other immune cells, thereafter, followed by production of interleukin 10 (IL-10) which inhibits cell activation and steers towards resolving of inflammation. This delicate balance is understood at a population level but how it is initiated at a single-cell level remains elusive. Here, we utilize our previously developed droplet approach to probe single-cell macrophage activation in response to toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) stimulation, and how single-cell heterogeneity and cellular communication affect macrophage-mediated inflammatory homeostasis. We show that only a fraction of macrophages can produce IL-10 in addition to TNFα upon LPS-induced activation, and that these cells are not phenotypically different from IL-10 non-producers nor exhibit a distinct transcriptional pathway. Finally, we demonstrate that the dynamics of TNFα and IL-10 are heavily controlled by macrophage density as evidenced by 3D hydrogel cultures suggesting a potential role for quorum sensing. These exploratory results emphasize the relevance of understanding the complex communication between macrophages and other immune cells and how these amount to population-wide responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bart M Tiemeijer
- Laboratory of Immunoengineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Sebastiaan Heester
- Laboratory of Immunoengineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Ashley Y W Sturtewagen
- Laboratory of Immunoengineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Anthal I P M Smits
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands.,Laboratory of Soft Tissue Engineering and Mechanobiology, Department Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Jurjen Tel
- Laboratory of Immunoengineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
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13
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High Expression of Inflammatory Cytokines and Chemokines in Human T-lymphotropic Virus 1-Associated Adult T-cell Leukemia/Lymphoma. Jundishapur J Microbiol 2022. [DOI: 10.5812/jjm-132348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is the etiological agent of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) without any specific antiviral. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the expression level of inflammatory chemokines and pro-inflammatory cytokines in ATLL patients, asymptomatic carriers (ACs), and healthy individuals to assess the role of these inflammatory markers in ATLL pathogenicity. Methods: This study was conducted from May 2021 to August 2022. The ATLL blood samples were collected from the oncology wards of Imam Khomeini, Shariati, and Imam Hossein hospitals, in Tehran, Iran. The blood samples of ACs and normal control subjects were collected from blood donors referred to blood transfusion centers of Tehran and Alborz provinces, Iran. RNA extraction, complementary DNA (cDNA) synthesis, and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were done in targeted sample groups to investigate the correlation and expression rate of C-C motif chemokine ligand 3 (CCL3), C-C motif chemokine ligand 4 (CCL4), C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8 (CXCL8), interleukin 23 subunit alpha (IL-23A), and interleukin 17 A (IL-17A). Results: A total of 30 samples were collected from 3 groups. The CCL3, CCL4, CXCL8, and IL-17A messenger RNA (mRNA) expression levels were significantly upregulated in the ATLL groups. There was a significant difference between CCL3 expression between the ACs and ATLL groups. In addition, CCL4 and CXCL8 expression levels were more significant in the ATLL group than in the normal control group. The IL-17A expression level significantly increased between groups. The IL-23A expression levels had no significant differences between the ATLL, ACs, and normal control groups. Conclusions: This study showed significant upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines mRNAs in HTLV-1–associated ATLL compared to the ACs and normal control groups. Conducting more experiments to investigate the therapeutic effect of chemokines/cytokines in ATLL is essential.
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14
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Wang Z, Yang S, Koga Y, Corbett SE, Shea C, Johnson W, Yajima M, Campbell JD. Celda: a Bayesian model to perform co-clustering of genes into modules and cells into subpopulations using single-cell RNA-seq data. NAR Genom Bioinform 2022; 4:lqac066. [PMID: 36110899 PMCID: PMC9469931 DOI: 10.1093/nargab/lqac066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) has emerged as a powerful technique to quantify gene expression in individual cells and to elucidate the molecular and cellular building blocks of complex tissues. We developed a novel Bayesian hierarchical model called Cellular Latent Dirichlet Allocation (Celda) to perform co-clustering of genes into transcriptional modules and cells into subpopulations. Celda can quantify the probabilistic contribution of each gene to each module, each module to each cell population and each cell population to each sample. In a peripheral blood mononuclear cell dataset, Celda identified a subpopulation of proliferating T cells and a plasma cell which were missed by two other common single-cell workflows. Celda also identified transcriptional modules that could be used to characterize unique and shared biological programs across cell types. Finally, Celda outperformed other approaches for clustering genes into modules on simulated data. Celda presents a novel method for characterizing transcriptional programs and cellular heterogeneity in scRNA-seq data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Wang
- Bioinformatics Program, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Computational Biomedicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shiyi Yang
- Division of Computational Biomedicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yusuke Koga
- Bioinformatics Program, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Computational Biomedicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sean E Corbett
- Bioinformatics Program, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Computational Biomedicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Conor V Shea
- Bioinformatics Program, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Computational Biomedicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - W Evan Johnson
- Bioinformatics Program, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Computational Biomedicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Masanao Yajima
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joshua D Campbell
- Bioinformatics Program, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Computational Biomedicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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15
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Macrophages Are a Double-Edged Sword: Molecular Crosstalk between Tumor-Associated Macrophages and Cancer Stem Cells. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12060850. [PMID: 35740975 PMCID: PMC9221070 DOI: 10.3390/biom12060850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a subset of highly tumorigenic cells in tumors. They have enhanced self-renewal properties, are usually chemo-radioresistant, and can promote tumor recurrence and metastasis. They can recruit macrophages into the tumor microenvironment and differentiate them into tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). TAMs maintain CSC stemness and construct niches that are favorable for CSC survival. However, how CSCs and TAMs interact is not completely understood. An understanding on these mechanisms can provide additional targeting strategies for eliminating CSCs. In this review, we comprehensively summarize the reported mechanisms of crosstalk between CSCs and TAMs and update the related signaling pathways involved in tumor progression. In addition, we discuss potential therapies targeting CSC–TAM interaction, including targeting macrophage recruitment and polarization by CSCs and inhibiting the TAM-induced promotion of CSC stemness. This review also provides the perspective on the major challenge for developing potential therapeutic strategies to overcome CSC-TAM crosstalk.
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16
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Trino S, Laurenzana I, Lamorte D, Calice G, De Stradis A, Santodirocco M, Sgambato A, Caivano A, De Luca L. Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells Functionally Compromise Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cells Inhibiting Normal Hematopoiesis Through the Release of Extracellular Vesicles. Front Oncol 2022; 12:824562. [PMID: 35371979 PMCID: PMC8965808 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.824562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an aggressive and heterogeneous clonal disorder of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs). It is not well known how leukemia cells alter hematopoiesis promoting tumor growth and leukemic niche formation. In this study, we investigated how AML deregulates the hematopoietic process of HSPCs through the release of extracellular vesicles (EVs). First, we found that AML cells released a heterogeneous population of EVs containing microRNAs involved in AML pathogenesis. Notably, AML-EVs were able to influence the fate of HSPCs modifying their transcriptome. In fact, gene expression profile of AML-EV-treated HSPCs identified 923 down- and 630 up-regulated genes involved in hematopoiesis/differentiation, inflammatory cytokine production and cell movement. Indeed, most of the down-regulated genes are targeted by AML-EV-derived miRNAs. Furthermore, we demonstrated that AML-EVs were able to affect HSPC phenotype, modifying several biological functions, such as inhibiting cell differentiation and clonogenicity, activating inflammatory cytokine production and compromising cell movement. Indeed, a redistribution of HSPC populations was observed in AML-EV treated cells with a significant increase in the frequency of common myeloid progenitors and a reduction in granulocyte-macrophage progenitors and megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitors. This effect was accompanied by a reduction in HSPC colony formation. AML-EV treatment of HSPCs increased the levels of CCL3, IL-1B and CSF2 cytokines, involved in the inflammatory process and in cell movement, and decreased CXCR4 expression associated with a reduction of SDF-1 mediated-migration. In conclusion, this study demonstrates the existence of a powerful communication between AML cells and HSPCs, mediated by EVs, which suppresses normal hematopoiesis and potentially contributes to create a leukemic niche favorable to neoplastic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Trino
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico della Basilicata (IRCCS-CROB), Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Ilaria Laurenzana
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico della Basilicata (IRCCS-CROB), Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Daniela Lamorte
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico della Basilicata (IRCCS-CROB), Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Giovanni Calice
- Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico della Basilicata (IRCCS-CROB), Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Angelo De Stradis
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council (CNR), Bari, Italy
| | - Michele Santodirocco
- Trasfusional Medicine Department, Puglia Cord Blood Bank (CBB), Casa Sollievo Della Sofferenza Hospital, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Alessandro Sgambato
- Scientific Direction, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico della Basilicata (IRCCS-CROB), Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Antonella Caivano
- Unit of Clinical Pathology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico della Basilicata (IRCCS-CROB), Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Luciana De Luca
- Unit of Clinical Pathology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico della Basilicata (IRCCS-CROB), Rionero in Vulture, Italy
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Jin QH, Kim HK, Na JY, Jin C, Seon JK. Anti-inflammatory effects of mesenchymal stem cell-conditioned media inhibited macrophages activation in vitro. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4754. [PMID: 35306509 PMCID: PMC8934344 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08398-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The immunomodulatory effects of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on macrophages have been reported, however, the underlying mechanism remains unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of MSCs on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages and the subsequent downregulation of their inflammatory mediators. Macrophages were treated with conditioned media from MSCs, without a subsequent change of MSCs responding to the inflammation state. This study also evaluated whether the interleukin (IL) 4 stimulation of MSCs can improve their anti-inflammatory effects. Results demonstrated that the MSC-conditioned medium (MSC-CM) stimulated with IL4 significantly inhibited inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) protein expression of LPS-activated macrophages. MSC-CM treatment inhibited the mRNA transcription of the cytokines IL1β and IL6, the chemokines C–C motif ligand (CCL) 2, CCL3, CCL4, and CCL5, and the chemokine receptors CCR2 and CCR5, in LPS-stimulated macrophages. As revealed through western blot and immunofluorescence analyses, the phosphorylation of p38, JNK, and ERK MAPKs, as well as phosphorylation of NF-κB in stimulated macrophages, were also inhibited by the MSC-CM. Further, more potent anti-inflammatory effects were observed with the IL4-stimulated cells, compared with those observed with the non-stimulated cells. The MSC-CM demonstrated a potent anti-inflammatory effect on LPS-activated macrophages, while the IL4 stimulation improved this effect. These findings indicate that MSCs could exert anti-inflammatory effects on macrophages, and may be considered as a therapeutic agent in inflammation treatment.
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18
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Ahamada MM, Jia Y, Wu X. Macrophage Polarization and Plasticity in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Front Immunol 2022; 12:734008. [PMID: 34987500 PMCID: PMC8721097 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.734008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that attacks almost every organ. The condition mostly happens to adults but is also found in children, and the latter have the most severe manifestations. Among adults, females, especially non-Caucasian, are mostly affected. Even if the etiology of SLE remains unclear, studies show a close relation between this disease and both genetics and environment. Despite the large number of published articles about SLE, we still do not have a clear picture of its pathogenesis, and no specific drug has been found to treat this condition effectively. The implication of macrophages in SLE development is gaining ground, and studying it could answer these gaps. Indeed, both in vivo and in vitro studies increasingly report a strong link between this disease and macrophages. Hence, this review aims to explore the role of macrophages polarization and plasticity in SLE development. Understanding this role is of paramount importance because in-depth knowledge of the connection between macrophages and this systemic disease could clarify its pathogenesis and provide a foundation for macrophage-centered therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariame Mohamed Ahamada
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yang Jia
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaochuan Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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19
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Li K, Jin R, Wu X. The role of macrophages and osteoclasts in the progression of leukemia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 26:724-733. [PMID: 34555294 DOI: 10.1080/16078454.2021.1976911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACTBone marrow microenvironment provides critical regulatory signals for lineage differentiation and maintenance of HSC quiescence, and these signals also contribute to hematological myeloid malignancies. Macrophages exhibit high phenotypic heterogeneity under both physiological and pathological conditions and are mainly divided into proinflammatory M1 and anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages. Furthermore, osteoclasts are multinucleated giant cells that arise by fusion of monocyte/macrophage-like cells, which are commonly known as bone macrophages. Emerging evidence suggests that macrophages and osteoclasts originating from myeloid progenitors lead to two competing differentiation outcomes, and they appear to play an important role in the onset, progression, and bone metastasis of solid cancers. However, little is known about their role in the development of hematological malignancies. In this review, we focus on macrophages and osteoclasts, their role in leukemia, and the potential for targeting these cells in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Runming Jin
- Department of Pediatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
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20
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Varga-Medveczky Z, Kovács N, Tóth ME, Sántha M, Horváth I, Bors LA, Fónagy K, Imre T, Szabó P, Máthé D, Erdő F. Age-Related Inflammatory Balance Shift, Nasal Barrier Function, and Cerebro-Morphological Status in Healthy and Diseased Rodents. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:700729. [PMID: 34366780 PMCID: PMC8343234 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.700729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased blood–brain barrier (BBB) permeability and extensive neuronal changes have been described earlier in both healthy and pathological aging like apolipoprotein B-100 (APOB-100) and amyloid precursor protein (APP)–presenilin-1 (PSEN1) transgenic mouse models. APOB-100 hypertriglyceridemic model is a useful tool to study the link between cerebrovascular pathology and neurodegeneration, while APP–PSEN1 humanized mouse is a model of Alzheimer’s disease. The aim of the current study was to characterize the inflammatory changes in the brain with healthy aging and in neurodegeneration. Also, the cerebro-morphological and cognitive alterations have been investigated. The nose-to-brain delivery of a P-glycoprotein substrate model drug (quinidine) was monitored in the disease models and compared with the age-matched controls. Our results revealed an inflammatory balance shift in both the healthy aged and neurodegenerative models. In normal aging monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, stem cell factor and Rantes were highly upregulated indicating a stimulated leukocyte status. In APOB-100 mice, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF-BB), and interleukin-17A (IL-17A) were induced (vascular reaction), while in APP–PSEN1 mice resistin, IL-17A and GM-CSF were mostly upregulated. The nasal drug absorption was similar in the brain and blood indicating the molecular bypass of the BBB. The learning and memory tests showed no difference in the cognitive performance of healthy aged and young animals. Based on these results, it can be concluded that various markers of chronic inflammation are present in healthy aged and diseased animals. In APOB-100 mice, a cerebro-ventricular dilation can also be observed. For development of proper anti-aging and neuroprotective compounds, further studies focusing on the above inflammatory targets are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsófia Varga-Medveczky
- Faculty of Information Technology and Bionics, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Noémi Kovács
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Melinda E Tóth
- Institute of Biochemistry, ELKH Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Miklós Sántha
- Institute of Biochemistry, ELKH Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ildikó Horváth
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Luca Anna Bors
- Faculty of Information Technology and Bionics, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Budapest, Hungary.,Heart and Vascular Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Katalin Fónagy
- Faculty of Information Technology and Bionics, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Timea Imre
- Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Centre for Structural Study, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Pál Szabó
- Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Centre for Structural Study, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Domokos Máthé
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Hungarian Center of Excellence for Molecular Medicine (HCEMM), Advanced In Vivo Imaging Core Faciltiy, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Franciska Erdő
- Faculty of Information Technology and Bionics, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Budapest, Hungary
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21
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Govindasamy V, Rajendran A, Lee ZX, Ooi GC, Then KY, Then KL, Gayathri M, Kumar Das A, Cheong SK. The potential role of mesenchymal stem cells in modulating antiageing process. Cell Biol Int 2021; 45:1999-2016. [PMID: 34245637 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Ageing and age-related diseases share some basic origin that largely converges on inflammation. Precisely, it boils down to a common pathway characterised by the appearance of a fair amount of proinflammatory cytokines known as inflammageing. Among the proposed treatment for antiageing, MSCs gained attention in recent years. Since mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can differentiate itself into a myriad of terminal cells, previously it was believed that these cells migrate to the site of injury and perform their therapeutic effect. However, with the more recent discovery of huge amounts of paracrine factors secreted by MSCs, it is now widely accepted that these cells do not engraft upon transplantation but rather unveil their benefits through excretion of bioactive molecules namely those involved in inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities. Conversely, the true function of these paracrine changes has not been thoroughly investigated all these years. Hence, this review will describe in detail on ways MSCs may capitalize its paracrine properties in modulating antiageing process. Through a comprehensive literature search various elements in the antiageing process, we aim to provide a novel treatment perspective of MSCs in antiageing related clinical conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijayendran Govindasamy
- Research and Development Department, CryoCord Sdn Bhd, Bio-X Centre, Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Abilashini Rajendran
- Research and Development Department, CryoCord Sdn Bhd, Bio-X Centre, Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Zhi-Xin Lee
- Research and Development Department, CryoCord Sdn Bhd, Bio-X Centre, Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ghee-Chien Ooi
- Research and Development Department, CryoCord Sdn Bhd, Bio-X Centre, Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Kong-Yong Then
- Research and Development Department, CryoCord Sdn Bhd, Bio-X Centre, Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia.,Brighton Healthcare (Bio-X Healthcare Sdn Bhd), Bio-X Centre, Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Khong-Lek Then
- Research and Development Department, CryoCord Sdn Bhd, Bio-X Centre, Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Merilynn Gayathri
- Brighton Healthcare (Bio-X Healthcare Sdn Bhd), Bio-X Centre, Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Anjan Kumar Das
- Deparment of Surgery, IQ City Medical College, Durgapur, West Bengal, India
| | - Soon-Keng Cheong
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman (UTAR), Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
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22
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Al-Ani M, Elemam NM, Hachim IY, Raju TK, Muhammad JS, Hachim MY, Bendardaf R, Maghazachi AA. Molecular Examination of Differentially Expressed Genes in the Brains of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Mice Post Herceptin Treatment. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:2601-2617. [PMID: 34168483 PMCID: PMC8216756 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s310535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Herceptin (trastuzumab) is an approved drug for treating HER2+ breast cancer patients, but its use for other diseases is not established. We sought to investigate the effects of Herceptin on ameliorating experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and to examine its effects on the expression of various genes. Methods We used in-silico analysis of publicly available data, qRT-PCR, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) to determine the expression of HER2+ cells in the brains of EAE mice. IHC was also utilized to determine the anti-inflammatory effects of Herceptin. The ability of Herceptin to alleviate the EAE clinical score was measured in these mice. Bioinformatics analysis of publicly available data and qRT-PCR were performed to investigate the differentially expressed genes that were either up-regulated or down-regulated during the high clinical score (HCS) of the disease. Results We observed that HER2/Erbb2, the receptor for Herceptin is upregulated in the brains of EAE mice when the brains were examined at the HCS stage. Further, we demonstrated that Herceptin ameliorates the EAE disease, increasing re-myelination, reducing brain inflammation, CD3+ T cell accumulation, and HER2+ cells in the brains of these mice. Molecular analysis demonstrated the expression of different genes that were either up-regulated or down-regulated during the HCS of the disease. Our combined bioinformatics and qRT-PCR analyses show increased mRNA expression of Atp6v0d2, C3, C3ar1, Ccl3, Ccl6, Cd74, Clec7a, Cybb, H2-Aa, Hspb1, Lilr4b, Lilrb4a, Mpeg1, Ms4a4a, Ms4a6c, Saa3, Serpina3n and Timp1, at HCS. Except for the mRNA levels of Cd74 and Clec7a which were increased at HCS when Herceptin was used in both prophylactic and therapeutic regimens, the levels of other described mRNAs were reduced. Conclusion These novel findings show that Herceptin ameliorates the clinical score in EAE mice and are the first to investigate in detail the differential gene expression post-treatment with the drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mena Al-Ani
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,The Immuno-Oncology Group, Sharjah Institute for Medical Research (SIMR), University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Noha Mousaad Elemam
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,The Immuno-Oncology Group, Sharjah Institute for Medical Research (SIMR), University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ibrahim Y Hachim
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Tom K Raju
- The Immuno-Oncology Group, Sharjah Institute for Medical Research (SIMR), University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Jibran Sualeh Muhammad
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,The Immuno-Oncology Group, Sharjah Institute for Medical Research (SIMR), University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mahmood Y Hachim
- College of Medicine, Mohammed bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Riyad Bendardaf
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,University Hospital Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Azzam A Maghazachi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,The Immuno-Oncology Group, Sharjah Institute for Medical Research (SIMR), University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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23
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Ye J, Wang H, Cui L, Chu S, Chen N. The progress of chemokines and chemokine receptors in autism spectrum disorders. Brain Res Bull 2021; 174:268-280. [PMID: 34077795 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2021.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are a group of neurodevelopmental disorders and the main symptoms of ASD are impairments in social communication and abnormal behavioral patterns. Studies have shown that immune dysfunction and neuroinflammation play a key role in ASD patients and experimental models. Chemokines are groups of small proteins that regulate cell migration and mediate inflammation responses via binding to chemokine receptors. Thus, chemokines/chemokine receptors may be involved in neurodevelopmental disorders and associated with ASD. In this review, we summarize the research progress of chemokine aberrations in ASD and also review the recent progress of clinical treatment of ASD and pharmacological research related to chemokines/chemokine receptors. This review highlights the possible connection between chemokines/chemokine receptors and ASD, and provides novel potential targets for drug discovery of ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junrui Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica and Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Hongyun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica and Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Liyuan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica and Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Shifeng Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica and Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Naihong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica and Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
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24
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Bozorgmehr N, Okoye I, Oyegbami O, Xu L, Fontaine A, Cox-Kennett N, Larratt LM, Hnatiuk M, Fagarasanu A, Brandwein J, Peters AC, Elahi S. Expanded antigen-experienced CD160 +CD8 +effector T cells exhibit impaired effector functions in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 9:jitc-2020-002189. [PMID: 33931471 PMCID: PMC8098955 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2020-002189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background T cell exhaustion compromises antitumor immunity, and a sustained elevation of co-inhibitory receptors is a hallmark of T cell exhaustion in solid tumors. Similarly, upregulation of co-inhibitory receptors has been reported in T cells in hematological cancers such as chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). However, the role of CD160, a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored protein, as one of these co-inhibitory receptors has been contradictory in T cell function. Therefore, we decided to elucidate how CD160 expression and/or co-expression with other co-inhibitory receptors influence T cell effector functions in patients with CLL. Methods We studied 56 patients with CLL and 25 age-matched and sex-matched healthy controls in this study. The expression of different co-inhibitory receptors was analyzed in T cells obtained from the peripheral blood or the bone marrow. Also, we quantified the properties of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in the plasma of patients with CLL versus healthy controls. Finally, we measured 29 different cytokines, chemokines or other biomarkers in the plasma specimens of patients with CLL and healthy controls. Results We found that CD160 was the most upregulated co-inhibitory receptor in patients with CLL. Its expression was associated with an exhausted T cell phenotype. CD160+CD8+ T cells were highly antigen-experienced/effector T cells, while CD160+CD4+ T cells were more heterogeneous. In particular, we identified EVs as a source of CD160 in the plasma of patients with CLL that can be taken up by T cells. Moreover, we observed a dominantly proinflammatory cytokine profile in the plasma of patients with CLL. In particular, interleukin-16 (IL-16) was highly elevated and correlated with the advanced clinical stage (Rai). Furthermore, we observed that the incubation of T cells with IL-16 results in the upregulation of CD160. Conclusions Our study provides a novel insight into the influence of CD160 expression/co-expression with other co-inhibitory receptors in T cell effector functions in patients with CLL. Besides, IL-16-mediated upregulation of CD160 expression in T cells highlights the importance of IL-16/CD160 as potential immunotherapy targets in patients with CLL. Therefore, our findings propose a significant role for CD160 in T cell exhaustion in patients with CLL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najmeh Bozorgmehr
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Isobel Okoye
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Olaide Oyegbami
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Lai Xu
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Amelie Fontaine
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Nanette Cox-Kennett
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Loree M Larratt
- Division of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Mark Hnatiuk
- Division of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Andrei Fagarasanu
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Joseph Brandwein
- Division of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Anthea C Peters
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Shokrollah Elahi
- School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada .,Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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25
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Use of a Self-Delivering Anti-CCL3 FANA Oligonucleotide as an Innovative Approach to Target Inflammation after Spinal Cord Injury. eNeuro 2021; 8:ENEURO.0338-20.2021. [PMID: 33632814 PMCID: PMC7986543 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0338-20.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Secondary damage after spinal cord injury (SCI) occurs because of a sequence of events after the initial injury, including exacerbated inflammation that contributes to increased lesion size and poor locomotor recovery. Thus, mitigating secondary damage is critical to preserve neural tissue and improve neurologic outcome. In this work, we examined the therapeutic potential of a novel antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) with special chemical modifications [2′-deoxy-2-fluoro-D-arabinonucleic acid (FANA) ASO] for specifically inhibiting an inflammatory molecule in the injured spinal cord. The chemokine CCL3 plays a complex role in the activation and attraction of immune cells and is upregulated in the injured tissue after SCI. We used specific FANA ASO to inhibit CCL3 in a contusive mouse model of murine SCI. Our results show that self-delivering FANA ASO molecules targeting the chemokine CCL3 penetrate the spinal cord lesion site and suppress the expression of CCL3 transcripts. Furthermore, they reduce other proinflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin (IL)-1β after SCI. In summary, we demonstrate for the first time the potential of FANA ASO molecules to penetrate the spinal cord lesion site to specifically inhibit CCL3, reducing proinflammatory cytokines and improve functional recovery after SCI. This novel approach may be used in new treatment strategies for SCI and other pathologic conditions of the CNS.
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26
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Wegrzyn D, Freund N, Faissner A, Juckel G. Poly I:C Activated Microglia Disrupt Perineuronal Nets and Modulate Synaptic Balance in Primary Hippocampal Neurons in vitro. Front Synaptic Neurosci 2021; 13:637549. [PMID: 33708102 PMCID: PMC7940526 DOI: 10.3389/fnsyn.2021.637549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Perineuronal nets (PNNs) are specialized, reticular structures of the extracellular matrix (ECM) that can be found covering the soma and proximal dendrites of a neuronal subpopulation. Recent studies have shown that PNNs can highly influence synaptic plasticity and are disrupted in different neuropsychiatric disorders like schizophrenia. Interestingly, there is a growing evidence that microglia can promote the loss of PNNs and contribute to neuropsychiatric disorders. Based on this knowledge, we analyzed the impact of activated microglia on hippocampal neuronal networks in vitro. Therefore, primary cortical microglia were cultured and stimulated via polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (Poly I:C; 50 μg/ml) administration. The Poly I:C treatment induced the expression and secretion of different cytokines belonging to the CCL- and CXCL-motif chemokine family as well as interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). In addition, the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) could be verified via RT-PCR analysis. Embryonic hippocampal neurons were then cultured for 12 days in vitro (DIV) and treated for 24 h with microglial conditioned medium. Interestingly, immunocytochemical staining of the PNN component Aggrecan revealed a clear disruption of PNNs accompanied by a significant increase of glutamatergic and a decrease of γ-aminobutyric acid-(GABA)ergic synapse numbers on PNN wearing neurons. In contrast, PNN negative neurons showed a significant reduction in both, glutamatergic and GABAergic synapses. Electrophysiological recordings were performed via multielectrode array (MEA) technology and unraveled a significantly increased spontaneous network activity that sustained also 24 and 48 h after the administration of microglia conditioned medium. Taken together, we could observe a strong impact of microglial secreted factors on PNN integrity, synaptic plasticity and electrophysiological properties of cultured neurons. Our observations might enhance the understanding of neuron-microglia interactions considering the ECM.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Wegrzyn
- Department of Cell Morphology and Molecular Neurobiology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Nadja Freund
- Division of Experimental and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Preventive Medicine, LWL University Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Andreas Faissner
- Department of Cell Morphology and Molecular Neurobiology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Georg Juckel
- Division of Experimental and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Preventive Medicine, LWL University Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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27
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Baloun J, Kropáčková T, Hulejová H, Tomčík M, Růžičková O, Šléglová O, Gatterová J, Vencovský J, Pavelka K, Šenolt L. Chemokine and Cytokine Profiles in Patients with Hand Osteoarthritis. Biomolecules 2020; 11:biom11010004. [PMID: 33375165 PMCID: PMC7822191 DOI: 10.3390/biom11010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The development of hand osteoarthritis (HOA) and its progression into the erosive subset are unclear, but inflammation is suspected to be the main source. To verify the involvement of inflammation in HOA pathogenesis, we evaluate serum inflammatory mediators and their association with HOA-related clinical features in patients. Methods: 153 participants (50 non-erosive HOA patients, 54 erosive HOA patients, and 49 healthy control subjects) were included in this study. All patients underwent clinical examination, which included assessment of tender and swollen small hand joints, ultrasound (US) examination, and self-reported measures (e.g., AUSCAN or algofunctional indexes). Serum inflammatory mediators were quantified using human cytokine 27-plex immunoassay. We employed linear modelling, correlation analysis, and resampling statistics to evaluate the association of these mediators to HOA. Results: We identified increased levels of nine inflammatory mediators (e.g., eotaxin, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, interleukin-8, and tumour necrosis factor) in HOA patients compared to healthy controls. Increased mediators correlated with ultrasound findings as well as with clinically tender and swollen joint counts in patients with erosive HOA. However, none of the mediators distinguished between erosive and non-erosive HOA subtypes. Conclusion: Our findings support the hypothesis on the involvement of inflammation in HOA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiří Baloun
- Institute of Rheumatology, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.B.); (T.K.); (H.H.); (M.T.); (O.R.); (O.Š.); (J.G.); (J.V.); (K.P.)
| | - Tereza Kropáčková
- Institute of Rheumatology, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.B.); (T.K.); (H.H.); (M.T.); (O.R.); (O.Š.); (J.G.); (J.V.); (K.P.)
- Department of Rheumatology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Hulejová
- Institute of Rheumatology, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.B.); (T.K.); (H.H.); (M.T.); (O.R.); (O.Š.); (J.G.); (J.V.); (K.P.)
| | - Michal Tomčík
- Institute of Rheumatology, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.B.); (T.K.); (H.H.); (M.T.); (O.R.); (O.Š.); (J.G.); (J.V.); (K.P.)
- Department of Rheumatology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Olga Růžičková
- Institute of Rheumatology, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.B.); (T.K.); (H.H.); (M.T.); (O.R.); (O.Š.); (J.G.); (J.V.); (K.P.)
- Department of Rheumatology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Olga Šléglová
- Institute of Rheumatology, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.B.); (T.K.); (H.H.); (M.T.); (O.R.); (O.Š.); (J.G.); (J.V.); (K.P.)
- Department of Rheumatology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jindřiška Gatterová
- Institute of Rheumatology, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.B.); (T.K.); (H.H.); (M.T.); (O.R.); (O.Š.); (J.G.); (J.V.); (K.P.)
- Department of Rheumatology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Vencovský
- Institute of Rheumatology, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.B.); (T.K.); (H.H.); (M.T.); (O.R.); (O.Š.); (J.G.); (J.V.); (K.P.)
- Department of Rheumatology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Pavelka
- Institute of Rheumatology, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.B.); (T.K.); (H.H.); (M.T.); (O.R.); (O.Š.); (J.G.); (J.V.); (K.P.)
- Department of Rheumatology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ladislav Šenolt
- Institute of Rheumatology, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.B.); (T.K.); (H.H.); (M.T.); (O.R.); (O.Š.); (J.G.); (J.V.); (K.P.)
- Department of Rheumatology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 128 00 Prague, Czech Republic
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +420-234-075-232
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Pelisch N, Rosas Almanza J, Stehlik KE, Aperi BV, Kroner A. CCL3 contributes to secondary damage after spinal cord injury. J Neuroinflammation 2020; 17:362. [PMID: 33246483 PMCID: PMC7694914 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-020-02037-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Secondary damage after spinal cord injury (SCI) is characterized by a cascade of events including hemorrhage, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation which increase the lesion size which can influence the functional impairment. Thus, identifying specific mechanisms attributed to secondary injury is critical in minimizing tissue damage and improving neurological outcome. In this work, we are investigating the role of CCL3 (macrophage inflammatory protein 1-α, MIP-1α), a chemokine involved in the recruitment of inflammatory cells, which plays an important role in inflammatory conditions of the central and peripheral nervous system. Methods A mouse model of lower thoracic (T11) spinal cord contusion injury was used. We assessed expression levels of CCL3 and its receptors on the mRNA and protein level and analyzed changes in locomotor recovery and the inflammatory response in the injured spinal cord of wild-type and CCL3−/− mice. Results The expression of CCL3 and its receptors was increased after thoracic contusion SCI in mice. We then examined the role of CCL3 after SCI and its direct influence on the inflammatory response, locomotor recovery and lesion size using CCL3−/− mice. CCL3−/− mice showed mild but significant improvement of locomotor recovery, a smaller lesion size and reduced neuronal damage compared to wild-type controls. In addition, neutrophil numbers as well as the pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, known to play a deleterious role after SCI, were markedly reduced in the absence of CCL3. Conclusion We have identified CCL3 as a potential target to modulate the inflammatory response and secondary damage after SCI. Collectively, this study shows that CCL3 contributes to progressive tissue damage and functional impairment during secondary injury after SCI. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12974-020-02037-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Pelisch
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA.,Clement J. Zablocki Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Milwaukee, WI, 53295, USA
| | - Jose Rosas Almanza
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA.,Clement J. Zablocki Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Milwaukee, WI, 53295, USA
| | - Kyle E Stehlik
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA.,Clement J. Zablocki Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Milwaukee, WI, 53295, USA
| | - Brandy V Aperi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA.,Clement J. Zablocki Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Milwaukee, WI, 53295, USA
| | - Antje Kroner
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA. .,Clement J. Zablocki Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Milwaukee, WI, 53295, USA. .,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA.
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29
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Dhaiban S, Al-Ani M, Elemam NM, Maghazachi AA. Targeting Chemokines and Chemokine Receptors in Multiple Sclerosis and Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis. J Inflamm Res 2020; 13:619-633. [PMID: 33061527 PMCID: PMC7532903 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s270872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated and neurodegenerative disorder that results in inflammation and demyelination of the central nervous system (CNS). MS symptoms include walking difficulties, visual weakening, as well as learning and memory impairment, thus affecting the quality of the patient's life. Chemokines and chemokine receptors are expressed on the immune cells as well as the CNS resident cells. Several sets of chemokine receptors and their ligands tend to be pathogenic players in MS, including CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CCL5, CCL7, CCL8, CCL11, CCL17, CCL19, CCL21, CCL22, CXCL1, CXCL8, CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11, and CXCL16. Furthermore, current modulatory drugs that are used in the treatment of MS and its animal model, the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), affect the expression of several chemokine and chemokine receptors. In this review, we highlight the pathogenic roles of chemokines and their receptors as well as utilizing them as potential therapeutic targets through selective agents, such as specific antibodies and receptor blockers, or indirectly through MS or EAE immunomodulatory drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Dhaiban
- College of Medicine and Immuno-Oncology Group, Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mena Al-Ani
- College of Medicine and Immuno-Oncology Group, Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Noha Mousaad Elemam
- College of Medicine and Immuno-Oncology Group, Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Azzam A Maghazachi
- College of Medicine and Immuno-Oncology Group, Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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30
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Ju Y, Huang L, Wang S, Zhao S. Transcriptional Analysis Reveals Key Genes in the Pathogenesis of Nifedipine-Induced Gingival Overgrowth. Anal Cell Pathol (Amst) 2020; 2020:6128341. [PMID: 32455102 PMCID: PMC7242917 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6128341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nifedipine-induced gingival overgrowth (NGO) is a multifactorial pathogenesis with increased extracellular matrix including collagen and glycans, inflammatory cytokines, and phenotype changes of fibroblasts. However, the molecular etiology of NGO is not well understood. The objective of this study is to investigate the key genes in the pathogenesis of NGO. METHODS In this study, we examined the proliferation and migration abilities of fibroblasts derived from patients with chronic periodontitis, nifedipine nonresponder gingival overgrowth, gingival overgrowth caused by nifedipine, and healthy normal gingiva. We conducted RNA-Seq on these four groups of fibroblasts and analysed the differentially expressed genes (DEGs). RESULTS Fibroblasts derived from NGO patients had higher proliferation and migration abilities than those of the other groups. Protein-protein interaction network analysis indicated that TGFB2, ITGA8, ITGA11, FGF5, PLA2G4D, PLA2G2F, PTGS1, CSF1, LPAR1, CCL3, and NKX3-1 are involved in the development of NGO. These factors are related to the arachidonic acid metabolism and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways. CONCLUSION Transcriptional gene expression analysis identified a number of DEGs that might be functionally related to gingival overgrowth induced by nifedipine. Our study provides important information on the molecular mechanism underlying nifedipine-induced gingival overgrowth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqin Ju
- Department of Stomatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Lijuan Huang
- Department of Stomatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Shuwei Wang
- Shanghai Jiading District Dental Center, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Shouliang Zhao
- Department of Stomatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
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31
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Fan J, Hu J, Xue C, Zhang H, Susztak K, Reilly MP, Xiao R, Li M. ASEP: Gene-based detection of allele-specific expression across individuals in a population by RNA sequencing. PLoS Genet 2020; 16:e1008786. [PMID: 32392242 PMCID: PMC7241832 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1008786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Allele-specific expression (ASE) analysis, which quantifies the relative expression of two alleles in a diploid individual, is a powerful tool for identifying cis-regulated gene expression variations that underlie phenotypic differences among individuals. Existing methods for gene-level ASE detection analyze one individual at a time, therefore failing to account for shared information across individuals. Failure to accommodate such shared information not only reduces power, but also makes it difficult to interpret results across individuals. However, when only RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data are available, ASE detection across individuals is challenging because the data often include individuals that are either heterozygous or homozygous for the unobserved cis-regulatory SNP, leading to sample heterogeneity as only those heterozygous individuals are informative for ASE, whereas those homozygous individuals have balanced expression. To simultaneously model multi-individual information and account for such heterogeneity, we developed ASEP, a mixture model with subject-specific random effect to account for multi-SNP correlations within the same gene. ASEP only requires RNA-seq data, and is able to detect gene-level ASE under one condition and differential ASE between two conditions (e.g., pre- versus post-treatment). Extensive simulations demonstrated the convincing performance of ASEP under a wide range of scenarios. We applied ASEP to a human kidney RNA-seq dataset, identified ASE genes and validated our results with two published eQTL studies. We further applied ASEP to a human macrophage RNA-seq dataset, identified genes showing evidence of differential ASE between M0 and M1 macrophages, and confirmed our findings by results from cardiometabolic trait-relevant genome-wide association studies. To the best of our knowledge, ASEP is the first method for gene-level ASE detection at the population level that only requires the use of RNA-seq data. With the growing adoption of RNA-seq, we believe ASEP will be well-suited for various ASE studies for human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Fan
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Jian Hu
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Chenyi Xue
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York City, New York, United States of America
| | - Hanrui Zhang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York City, New York, United States of America
| | - Katalin Susztak
- Departments of Medicine and Genetics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Muredach P. Reilly
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York City, New York, United States of America
- The Irving Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York City, New York, United States of America
| | - Rui Xiao
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Mingyao Li
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
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Ntanasis-Stathopoulos I, Fotiou D, Terpos E. CCL3 Signaling in the Tumor Microenvironment. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1231:13-21. [PMID: 32060842 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-36667-4_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Within the tumor microenvironment, chemokines play a key role in immune cell trafficking regulation and immune landscape formulation. CCL3 or macrophage inflammatory protein-1α (MIP-1α), an important chemokine implicated in both immune surveillance and tolerance, has emerged as a prognostic biomarker in both solid and hematological malignancies. CCL3 exerts both antitumor and pro-tumor behavior which is context dependent highlighting the complexity of the underlying interrelated signaling cascades. Current CCL3-directed therapeutic approaches are investigational and further optimization is required to increase efficacy and minimize adverse events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Ntanasis-Stathopoulos
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Despoina Fotiou
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelos Terpos
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece.
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33
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Elhousiny M, Miller K, Ariyawadana A, Nimmo A. Identification of inflammatory mediators associated with metastasis of oral squamous cell carcinoma in experimental and clinical studies: systematic review. Clin Exp Metastasis 2019; 36:481-492. [PMID: 31559586 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-019-09994-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis, whether regional or distant, remains the main cause of morbidity and recurrence in oral cancer. The accumulating evidence suggests that inflammatory mediators are strong drivers for cancer progression and spread. However, the precise role of these inflammatory mediators in mediating specific metastatic stage is poorly understood due to lack of integration/validation of experimental research data and the clinical trials, i.e., the data produced from research is not translated to clinical therapeutic targets. This, in turn, results in the lack of developing reliable biomarker that can be used for accurate diagnosis/prognosis of the tumour spread. We have performed a systematic review to assess the role of inflammatory mediators as potential markers for diagnosis/prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) metastasis. We carried out a systematic search the PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and Scopus databases under the guidelines for Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) and Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC). Articles were divided into two groups; experimental (in-vivo) and clinical studies. The REporting recommendations for tumour MARKer prognostic studies Scale (REMARK) was used to assess the quality of the studies for the clinical search while Animal research: Reporting In-vivo experiments (ARRIVE) guidelines were used to assess the quality of the animal studies. Sixteen articles in the clinical group and four articles in the experimental group were included in the final review. We identified nine inflammatory mediators; CXCR4, CXCL12 (SDF-1), CCR7, IL-6, IL-18, CCL20 (MIP-3), CXCL1 (GRO-1), CCL3, CXCR2. This panel of inflammatory mediators can provide a framework for hypothesis testing of the potential value of these mediators in metastatic prognosis. We recommend carrying a large cohort study with data pooling for adequate assessment and testing of the inflammatory panel of mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moustafa Elhousiny
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, 4878, Australia.
| | - Kate Miller
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, 4878, Australia
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Cairns, Australia
| | - Anura Ariyawadana
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, 4878, Australia
- Griffith Health Institute, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Alan Nimmo
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, 4878, Australia
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34
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Mao R, Trajtman A, Head B, Rodríguez Sabogal IA, Cabrera R, Marín D, López L, Rodiño J, Aguilar Y, Herrera Díaz M, Vélez LA, Rueda ZV, Keynan Y. Inflammatory Cell Differentiation and Chemotaxis and Extracellular Tissue Repair Markers Are Correlated with Pulmonary Dysfunction in HIV Infected Individuals Presenting with Community-Acquired Pneumonia. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2019; 40:106-115. [PMID: 31638452 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2019.0090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Prior studies have shown that HIV patients develop permanent pulmonary dysfunction following an episode of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). However, the mechanism causing pulmonary dysfunction remains an enigma. HIV patients experience chronic inflammation. We hypothesized that CAP exacerbates inflammation in HIV patients resulting in an accelerated decline in lung function. A prospective cohort pilot study enrolled HIV patients hospitalized in Medellin, Colombia, with a diagnosis of CAP. Sixteen patients were eligible for the study; they were split into 2 groups: HIV and HIV+CAP. Plasma, sputum, and pulmonary function test (PFT) measurements were retrieved within 48 h of hospital admission and at 1 month follow-up. The concentrations of 13 molecules and PFT values were compared between the 2 cohorts. The HIV+CAP group had lower lung function compared to the HIV group; forced vital capacity (FVC)% predicted and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1)% predicted decreased, while FEV1/FVC remained constant. APRIL, BAFF, CCL3, and TIMP-1 correlated negatively with FVC% predicted and FEV1% predicted; the relationships however were moderate in strength. Furthermore, the concentrations of BAFF, CCL3, and TIMP-1 were statistically significant between the 2 groups (P ≤ 0.05). Our results indicate that HIV patients with CAP have a different inflammatory pattern and lower lung function compared to HIV patients without CAP. BAFF, CCL3, and TIMP-1 were abnormally elevated in HIV patients with CAP. Future studies with larger cohorts are required to verify these results. In addition, further investigation is required to determine if BAFF, CCL3, and TIMP-1 play a role in the process causing pulmonary dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ruth Cabrera
- Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Diana Marín
- Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Lucelly López
- Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellin, Colombia
| | | | | | | | - Lázaro Agustín Vélez
- Universidad de Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia.,Hospital Universitario San Vicente Fundación, Medellin, Colombia
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35
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Smith SP, Wu G, Fooks AR, Ma J, Banyard AC. Trying to treat the untreatable: experimental approaches to clear rabies virus infection from the CNS. J Gen Virol 2019; 100:1171-1186. [PMID: 31237530 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Rabies virus causes an invariably fatal encephalitis following the onset of clinical disease. Despite the availability of safe and effective vaccines, the clinical stages of rabies encephalitis remain untreatable, with few survivors being documented. A principal obstacle to the treatment of rabies is the neurotropic nature of the virus, with the blood-brain barrier size exclusion limit rendering the delivery of antiviral drugs and molecules to the central nervous system inherently problematic. This review focuses on efforts to try and overcome barriers to molecule delivery to treat clinical rabies and overviews current progress in the development of experimental live rabies virus vaccines that may have future applications in the treatment of clinical rabies, including the attenuation of rabies virus vectors through either the duplication or mutation of existing genes or the incorporation of non-viral elements within the genome. Rabies post-infection treatment (PIT) remains the holy grail of rabies research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel P Smith
- Wildlife Zoonoses and Vector-borne Diseases Research Group, Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA), Addlestone, Surrey, KT15 3NB, UK.,Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George's Hospital Medical School, University of London, London, UK
| | - Guanghui Wu
- Wildlife Zoonoses and Vector-borne Diseases Research Group, Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA), Addlestone, Surrey, KT15 3NB, UK
| | - Anthony R Fooks
- Wildlife Zoonoses and Vector-borne Diseases Research Group, Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA), Addlestone, Surrey, KT15 3NB, UK.,Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George's Hospital Medical School, University of London, London, UK.,Department of Clinical Infection, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Julian Ma
- Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George's Hospital Medical School, University of London, London, UK
| | - Ashley C Banyard
- Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George's Hospital Medical School, University of London, London, UK.,School of Life Sciences, University of West Sussex, Falmer, West Sussex, UK.,Wildlife Zoonoses and Vector-borne Diseases Research Group, Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA), Addlestone, Surrey, KT15 3NB, UK
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36
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Wang Y, Zuo X. Cytokines frequently implicated in myeloproliferative neoplasms. Cytokine X 2019; 1:100005. [PMID: 33604548 PMCID: PMC7885877 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytox.2019.100005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MPN is a chronic inflammation-driven tumor model. Many cytokines are involved in pathogenesis and progression of MPN. IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, VEGF, PDGF, TGF-β and IFNs are critical in MPN. Cytokine directed therapy could be an alternative treatment for MPN in future.
Classical myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) include polycythemia vera (PV), essential thrombocythemia (ET) and primary myelofibrosis (PMF). MPN has been defined as a chronic inflammation-driven tumor model. It is clear that there is a close link between chronic inflammation and MPN pathogenesis. Several studies have demonstrated cytokine profiles in MPN patients. Other studies have used cell lines or animal models aiming to clarify the underlying mechanism of cytokines in the pathogenesis of MPN. However, important questions remain: (1) among all these cytokines, which are more predictive? and (2) which are more critical? In this review, we summarize cytokines that have been investigated in MPN and highlight several cytokines that may be more significant in MPN. We suggest that cytokines are more critical in PMF than PV or ET. These cytokines include IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, VEGF, PDGF, IFNs and TGF-β, all of which should be more closely investigated in MPN. Based on our extensive literature search, several key factors have emerged in our understanding of MPN: first, TNF-α could correlate with MPN progression including PMF, PV and ET. IL-1β plays a role in PMF progression, while it showed no relation with PV or ET. Second, IL-8 could be a prognostic factor for PMF, and IL-6 could be important for MPN progression. Third, VEGF and PDGF play an indirect role in MPN development and their inhibitors could be effective. Fourth, different subtypes of IFNs could have different effects in MPN. Finally, TGF-β is closely linked to MF, although the data are inconsistent. Agents that have targeted these cytokines described above are already in clinical trials, and some of them have even been used to treat MPN patients. Taken together, it will be critical to continue to investigate the precise role of these cytokines in the pathogenesis and progression of MPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Wang
- Department of Hematology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuchang, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, PR China
| | - Xuelan Zuo
- Department of Hematology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuchang, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, PR China
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37
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Abstract
Classical myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) include polycythemia vera (PV), essential thrombocythemia (ET) and primary myelofibrosis (PMF). MPN has been defined as a chronic inflammation-driven tumor model. It is clear that there is a close link between chronic inflammation and MPN pathogenesis. Several studies have demonstrated cytokine profiles in MPN patients. Other studies have used cell lines or animal models aiming to clarify the underlying mechanism of cytokines in the pathogenesis of MPN. However, important questions remain: (1) among all these cytokines, which are more predictive? and (2) which are more critical? In this review, we summarize cytokines that have been investigated in MPN and highlight several cytokines that may be more significant in MPN. We suggest that cytokines are more critical in PMF than PV or ET. These cytokines include IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, VEGF, PDGF, IFNs and TGF-β, all of which should be more closely investigated in MPN. Based on our extensive literature search, several key factors have emerged in our understanding of MPN: first, TNF-α could correlate with MPN progression including PMF, PV and ET. IL-1β plays a role in PMF progression, while it showed no relation with PV or ET. Second, IL-8 could be a prognostic factor for PMF, and IL-6 could be important for MPN progression. Third, VEGF and PDGF play an indirect role in MPN development and their inhibitors could be effective. Fourth, different subtypes of IFNs could have different effects in MPN. Finally, TGF-β is closely linked to MF, although the data are inconsistent. Agents that have targeted these cytokines described above are already in clinical trials, and some of them have even been used to treat MPN patients. Taken together, it will be critical to continue to investigate the precise role of these cytokines in the pathogenesis and progression of MPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Wang
- Department of Hematology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuchang, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, PR China
| | - Xuelan Zuo
- Department of Hematology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuchang, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, PR China
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38
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Sarkar I, Zardini Buzatto A, Garg R, Li L, van Drunen Littel-van den Hurk S. Metabolomic and Immunological Profiling of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection after Intranasal Immunization with a Subunit Vaccine Candidate. J Proteome Res 2019; 18:1145-1161. [PMID: 30706717 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.8b00806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a significant cause of mortality and morbidity in infants, the elderly, immunocompromised individuals, and patients with congenital heart diseases. Despite extensive efforts, a vaccine against RSV is still not available. We have previously reported the development of a subunit vaccine (ΔF/TriAdj) composed of a truncated version of the fusion protein (ΔF) and a polymer-based combination adjuvant (TriAdj). We compared inflammatory responses of ΔF/TriAdj-vaccinated and unvaccinated mice following intranasal challenge with RSV. Rapid and early inflammatory responses were observed in lung samples from both groups but modulated in the vaccinated group 7 days after the viral challenge. The underlying mechanism of action of ΔF/TriAdj was further studied through LC-MS-based metabolomic profiling by using 12C- or 13C-dansyl labeling for the amine/phenol submetabolome. RSV infection predominantly affected the amino acid biosynthesis pathways and urea cycle, whereas ΔF/TriAdj modulated the concentrations of almost all of the altered metabolites. Tryptophan metabolites were significantly affected, including indole, l-kynurenine, xanthurenic acid, serotonin, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, and 6-hydroxymelatonin. The results from the present study provide further mechanistic insights into the mode of action of this RSV vaccine candidate and have important implications in the design of metabolic therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indranil Sarkar
- VIDO-InterVac , University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon S7N 5E3 , Canada.,Microbiology and Immunology , University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon S7N 5E5 , Canada
| | | | - Ravendra Garg
- VIDO-InterVac , University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon S7N 5E3 , Canada
| | - Liang Li
- Department of Chemistry , University of Alberta , Edmonton T6G 2G2 , Canada
| | - Sylvia van Drunen Littel-van den Hurk
- VIDO-InterVac , University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon S7N 5E3 , Canada.,Microbiology and Immunology , University of Saskatchewan , Saskatoon S7N 5E5 , Canada
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Osborne LM, Yenokyan G, Fei K, Kraus T, Moran T, Monk C, Sperling R. Innate immune activation and depressive and anxious symptoms across the peripartum: An exploratory study. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2019; 99:80-86. [PMID: 30195110 PMCID: PMC6234836 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2018.08.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are complex associations between immune function and mental illness, yet studies in the perinatal period focus primarily on individual inflammatory markers and depressive symptoms only, cross-sectionally. We sought to examine associations between both depressive and anxious symptoms and immune activation longitudinally across the peripartum. METHODS We measured mood (Beck Depression Inventory, BDI-1 A) and anxiety (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, STATE) and levels of 23 cytokines at 5 points in pregnancy and postpartum in 51 women. Within subject cytokine trajectories over time by depressive and anxious symptom grouping were assessed using linear mixed effects models with random intercept and slope. We also undertook an exploratory cluster analysis based on third trimester cytokine values. RESULTS Based on categorical BDI scores, IL-6 (p < 0.001), IL-15 (p = 0.047), GCSF (p = 0.003), and CCL3 (p < .001) were significantly different across time, with IL-6 (p < 0.001), IL-15 (p = 0.003), and CCL3 (p < 0.001) higher at the third trimester visit in more depressed subjects. Based on categorical STATE scores, GM-CSF significantly decreased across pregnancy for the less anxious group (p = 0.016), but not for the more anxious, and CCL3 (p = 0.017), CXCL8 (p = 0.011), and IL-6 (p < 0.001) were higher at the third trimester visit for more anxious subjects. In exploratory cluster analysis based on cytokine level, there were no differences in mood or anxiety scores, but significant differences by race/ethnicity and overweight/obesity status. Women with higher pro-inflammatory cytokine values are more likely to be Hispanics (69.2% vs. 21.4%, p = 0.015), but less likely to be African American (23.1% vs. 60.7%, p = 0.015) or overweight/obese (25% vs. 69.2%, p = 0.016) compared to women with lower pro-inflammatory cytokine values. CONCLUSION We identified a pro-inflammatory burst at the third trimester, indicative of innate immune activation, in women with higher levels of both depressive and anxious symptoms, as well as differences in pro-inflammatory changes across time. We also found significant differences in cytokine levels by race, ethnicity, and overweight/obesity status. These results point the way toward future longitudinal work that considers race/ethnicity, timing, and weight status, and evaluates perinatal mood and anxiety disorders in the context of changing immune functioning across the peripartum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M Osborne
- Women's Mood Disorders Center, Departments of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences and Gynecology & Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 550 N. Broadway, Suite 305C, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States.
| | - Gayane Yenokyan
- Johns Hopkins Biostatistics Center, Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Kezhen Fei
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mt. Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Thomas Kraus
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mt. Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Thomas Moran
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mt. Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Catherine Monk
- Departments of Psychiatry and Obstetrics & Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, United States; New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, United States
| | - Rhoda Sperling
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mt. Sinai, New York, NY, United States
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Le PM, Andreeff M, Battula VL. Osteogenic niche in the regulation of normal hematopoiesis and leukemogenesis. Haematologica 2018; 103:1945-1955. [PMID: 30337364 PMCID: PMC6269284 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2018.197004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The bone marrow microenvironment, also known as the bone marrow niche, is a complex network of cell types and acellular factors that supports normal hematopoiesis. For many years, leukemia was believed to be caused by a series of genetic hits to hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, which transform them to preleukemic, and eventually to leukemic, cells. Recent discoveries suggest that genetic alterations in bone marrow niche cells, particularly in osteogenic cells, may also cause myeloid leukemia in mouse models. The osteogenic niche, which consists of osteoprogenitors, preosteoblasts, mature osteoblasts, osteocytes and osteoclasts, has been shown to play a critical role in the maintenance and expansion of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells as well as in their oncogenic transformation into leukemia stem/initiating cells. We have recently shown that acute myeloid leukemia cells induce osteogenic differentiation in mesenchymal stromal cells to gain a growth advantage. In this review, we discuss the role of the osteogenic niche in the maintenance of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, as well as in their transformation into leukemia cells. We also discuss the signaling pathways that regulate osteogenic niche-hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells or osteogenic niche-leukemic stem/initiating cell interactions in the bone marrow, together with novel approaches for therapeutically targeting these interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuong M Le
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Michael Andreeff
- Section of Molecular Hematology and Therapy, Leukemia Department, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Venkata Lokesh Battula
- Section of Molecular Hematology and Therapy, Leukemia Department, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX .,Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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41
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Vikhe PP, Purnell T, Brown SDM, Hood DW. Cellular content plays a crucial role in Non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae infection of preinflamed Junbo mouse middle ear. Cell Microbiol 2018; 21:e12960. [PMID: 30265765 PMCID: PMC6491974 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.12960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) is a major pathogen causing acute otitis media (AOM). The relationship between the cellular content of the middle ear fluid (MEF) during AOM and infection of NTHi is poorly understood. Using the Junbo mouse, a characterised NTHi infection model, we analysed the cellular content of MEF and correlated the data with NTHi titres. The MEF of the Junbo mouse was heterogeneous between ears and was graded from 1 to 5; 1 being highly serous/clear and 5 being heavily viscous/opaque. At seven-day post-intranasal inoculation, NTHi was not found in grade-1 or 2 fluids, and the proportion of MEF that supported NTHi increased with the grade. Analyses by flow cytometry indicated that the cellular content was highest in grade-4 and 5 fluids, with a greater proportion of necrotic cells and a low-live cell count. NTHi infection of the middle ear increased the cell count and led to infiltration of immune cells and changes in the cytokine and chemokine levels. Following NTHi inoculation, high-grade infected MEFs had greater neutrophil infiltration whereas monocyte infiltration was significantly higher in serous noninfected low-grade fluids. These data underline a role for immune cells, specifically monocytes and neutrophils, and cell necrosis in NTHi infection of the Junbo mouse middle ear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratik P Vikhe
- Mammalian Genetics Unit, MRC Harwell Institute, Harwell Campus, Oxfordshire, OX11 0RD, UK
| | - Tom Purnell
- Mammalian Genetics Unit, MRC Harwell Institute, Harwell Campus, Oxfordshire, OX11 0RD, UK
| | - Steve D M Brown
- Mammalian Genetics Unit, MRC Harwell Institute, Harwell Campus, Oxfordshire, OX11 0RD, UK
| | - Derek W Hood
- Mammalian Genetics Unit, MRC Harwell Institute, Harwell Campus, Oxfordshire, OX11 0RD, UK
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Zusinaite E, Ianevski A, Niukkanen D, Poranen MM, Bjørås M, Afset JE, Tenson T, Velagapudi V, Merits A, Kainov DE. A Systems Approach to Study Immuno- and Neuro-Modulatory Properties of Antiviral Agents. Viruses 2018; 10:v10080423. [PMID: 30103549 PMCID: PMC6116047 DOI: 10.3390/v10080423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
There are dozens of approved, investigational and experimental antiviral agents. Many of these agents cause serious side effects, which can only be revealed after drug administration. Identification of the side effects prior to drug administration is challenging. Here we describe an ex vivo approach for studying immuno- and neuro-modulatory properties of antiviral agents, which may be associated with potential side effects of these therapeutics. The current approach combines drug toxicity/efficacy tests and transcriptomics, which is followed by mRNA, cytokine and metabolite profiling. We demonstrated the utility of this approach with several examples of antiviral agents. We also showed that the approach can utilize different immune stimuli and cell types. It can also include other omics techniques, such as genomics and epigenomics, to allow identification of individual markers associated with adverse reactions to antivirals with immuno- and neuro-modulatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Zusinaite
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, 50090 Tartu, Estonia.
| | - Aleksandr Ianevski
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7028 Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Diana Niukkanen
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, 50090 Tartu, Estonia.
| | - Minna M Poranen
- Molecular and Integrative Biosciences Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Magnar Bjørås
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7028 Trondheim, Norway.
- Department of Microbiology, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, 0372 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Jan Egil Afset
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7028 Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Tanel Tenson
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, 50090 Tartu, Estonia.
| | - Vidya Velagapudi
- Institute Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Andres Merits
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, 50090 Tartu, Estonia.
| | - Denis E Kainov
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, 50090 Tartu, Estonia.
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7028 Trondheim, Norway.
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Wan H, Qian TY, Hu XJ, Huang CY, Yao WF. Correlation of Serum CCL3/MIP-1α Levels with Disease Severity in Postmenopausal Osteoporotic Females. Balkan Med J 2018; 35:320-325. [PMID: 29666038 PMCID: PMC6060977 DOI: 10.4274/balkanmedj.2017.1165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The pro-inflammatory protein chemokine cytokine ligand 3 is well established as a vital regulator of bone resorption and osteoclast stimulation. Aims: To investigate if serum cytokine ligand 3 levels correlated with disease severity in postmenopausal osteoporotic women. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Eighty-two postmenopausal osteoporotic women, 76 postmenopausal non-osteoporotic women, and 80 healthy women of childbearing age were recruited. The total hip, femoral neck, and L1-L4 spine bone mineral density were assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Serum cytokine ligand 3 concentrations were examined using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. Serum inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and the bone metabolic markers, carboxy-terminal crosslinked and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b were also examined. Scores on both the visual analogue scale and the Oswestry Disability Index were utilized to assess clinical severity. Results: Patients in the postmenopausal osteoporotic group had significantly increased serum cytokine ligand 3 levels compared with those in both the postmenopausal non-osteoporotic group (40.9±15.1 pg/mL vs 24.2±8.7 pg/mL, p<0.001) and control group (40.9±15.1 pg/mL vs 23.9±9.1 pg/mL, p<0.001). Serum cytokine ligand 3 levels negatively correlated with bone mineral density at the total hip (r=-0.345, p=0.002), femoral neck (r=-0.329, p=0.003), and L1-L4 lumbar spine (r=-0.354, p=0.001) and positively correlated with visual analogue scale scores (r=0.413, p<0.001) and the Oswestry Disability Index (r=0.360, p<0.001). Moreover, serum cytokine ligand 3 levels were correlated with increased tumor necrosis factor-alpha (r=0.305, p=0.005), interleukin-6 (r=0.288, p=0.008), terminal crosslinked and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b (r=0.371, p<0.001), and carboxy-terminal crosslinked (r=0.317, p=0.004) levels. All correlations were still significant after adjusting for both body mass index and age. Conclusion: Chemokine cytokine ligand 3 may be a useful biomarker that can be used to predict disease severity of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Therapies targeting cytokine ligand 3 and its related signaling pathways to inhibit and delay the osteoclastogenesis process deserve further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wan
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi Second Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Tie-Yong Qian
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi Second Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi Second Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Ci-You Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi Second Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Wei-Feng Yao
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi Second Hospital, Wuxi, China
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Shao X, Wu B, Cheng L, Li F, Zhan Y, Liu C, Ji L, Min Z, Ke Y, Sun L, Chen H, Cheng Y. Distinct alterations of CD68 +CD163 + M2-like macrophages and myeloid-derived suppressor cells in newly diagnosed primary immune thrombocytopenia with or without CR after high-dose dexamethasone treatment. J Transl Med 2018; 16:48. [PMID: 29499727 PMCID: PMC5833082 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-018-1424-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although impaired myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) recently have been studied in immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), another myeloid-derived cell population signified as M2 macrophages has not been investigated properly in ITP patients. In the present study, we intended to determine the features of circulating M2-like macrophages, to examine its relationship with MDSCs, and to explore their prognostic values in ITP. Methods Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy controls and primary ITP patients were isolated to test the circulating M2-like macrophages and MDSCs. The circulating M2-like macrophage population defined as CD68+CD163+ and circulating MDSC population as CD11b+CD33+HLA-DR− were determined by flow cytometry. Plasma inflammatory cytokines were measured by multiplex ELISA. Results The percentages of MDSCs were found to be expanded in newly diagnosed patients of ITP, especially among those of the complete response (CR) group (p < 0.0001). Positive linear correlation was verified between percentages of M2-like macrophages and MDSCs. The same correlation was also determined in the CR group. After treatment, the percentages of M2-like macrophages and MDSCs were both increased significantly in CR group, while those patients among the PR + NR group manifested a significant numeric decrease of MDSCs but only a moderate decrease in M2-like macrophages. MIP-1α/CCL3 was negatively correlated with M2-like macrophages while MCP-1 possessed a positive correlation with M2-like macrophages, eotaxin-1/CCL11 was negatively correlated with MDSCs and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) was found to be negatively correlated with both M2-like macrophages and MDSCs. Conclusions The present findings indicated critical roles of both circulating M2-like macrophages and MDSCs in ITP. The positive correlation between them might be related to inflammatory factors-mediated bidirectional interactions or partially due to their similar background patterns during differentiation. MIP-1α/CCL3, MCP-1, eotaxin-1/CCL11 and IL-1β might play a critical role in the expansion of both M2 macrophages and MDSCs population in ITP patients, which deserves further investigation. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12967-018-1424-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Shao
- Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Boting Wu
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Luya Cheng
- Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital Qingpu Branch, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201700, China
| | - Yanxia Zhan
- Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Chanjuan Liu
- Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Lili Ji
- Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zhihui Min
- Institute of Clinical Science, Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Rd, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Shanghai Institute of Clinical Bioinformatics, Fudan University Center for Clinical Bioinformatics, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yang Ke
- Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Lihua Sun
- Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital Qingpu Branch, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201700, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital Qingpu Branch, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201700, China
| | - Yunfeng Cheng
- Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital Qingpu Branch, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201700, China. .,Institute of Clinical Science, Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Rd, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Shanghai Institute of Clinical Bioinformatics, Fudan University Center for Clinical Bioinformatics, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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ACKR2 in hematopoietic precursors as a checkpoint of neutrophil release and anti-metastatic activity. Nat Commun 2018; 9:676. [PMID: 29445158 PMCID: PMC5813042 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03080-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Atypical chemokine receptors (ACKRs) are regulators of leukocyte traffic, inflammation, and immunity. ACKR2 is a scavenger for most inflammatory CC chemokines and is a negative regulator of inflammation. Here we report that ACKR2 is expressed in hematopoietic precursors and downregulated during myeloid differentiation. Genetic inactivation of ACKR2 results in increased levels of inflammatory chemokine receptors and release from the bone marrow of neutrophils with increased anti-metastatic activity. In a model of NeuT-driven primary mammary carcinogenesis ACKR2 deficiency is associated with increased primary tumor growth and protection against metastasis. ACKR2 deficiency results in neutrophil-mediated protection against metastasis in mice orthotopically transplanted with 4T1 mammary carcinoma and intravenously injected with B16F10 melanoma cell lines. Thus, ACKR2 is a key regulator (checkpoint) of mouse myeloid differentiation and function and its targeting unleashes the anti-metastatic activity of neutrophils in mice. The atypical chemokine receptor ACKR2 regulates immune responses. Here the authors confirm that ACKR2 depletion promotes primary tumor growth but show it has an anti-metastatic effect in mouse models of breast cancer by affecting myeloid differentiation and unleashing the anti-metastatic activity of neutrophils.
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Bascuas T, Moreno M, Grille S, Chabalgoity JA. Salmonella Immunotherapy Improves the Outcome of CHOP Chemotherapy in Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma-Bearing Mice. Front Immunol 2018; 9:7. [PMID: 29410666 PMCID: PMC5787062 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously shown that Salmonella immunotherapy is effective to treat B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL) in mice. However, this model involves animals with high tumor burden, whereas in the clinics B-NHL patients are usually treated with chemotherapy (CHOP: cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone) as first-line therapy prior to immunotherapy. Recently, we have described a NHL-B preclinical model using CHOP chemotherapy to achieve MRD in immunocompetent animals that closely resemble patients' conditions. In this work, we assessed the efficacy of Salmonella immunotherapy in B-NHL-bearing mice undergoing chemotherapy. Salmonella administration significantly delayed tumor growth and prolonged survival of chemotherapy-treated NHL-bearing animals. Mice receiving the CHOP-Salmonella combined therapy showed increased numbers of tumor-infiltrating leukocytes and a different profile of cytokines and chemokines expressed in the tumor microenvironment. Further, Salmonella immunotherapy in CHOP-treated animals also enhanced NK cells cytotoxic activity as well as induced systemic lymphoma-specific humoral and cellular responses. Chemotherapy treatment profoundly impacted on the general health status of recipient animals, but those receiving Salmonella showed significantly better overall body condition. Altogether, the results clearly demonstrated that Salmonella immunotherapy could be safely used in individuals under CHOP treatment, resulting in a better prognosis. These results give strong support to consider Salmonella as a neoadjuvant therapy in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais Bascuas
- Laboratory for Vaccine Research, Departamento de Desarrollo Biotecnológico, Instituto de Higiene, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - María Moreno
- Laboratory for Vaccine Research, Departamento de Desarrollo Biotecnológico, Instituto de Higiene, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Sofía Grille
- Cátedra de Hematología, Hospital de Clínicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Departamento Básico de Medicina, Hospital de Clínicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - José A. Chabalgoity
- Laboratory for Vaccine Research, Departamento de Desarrollo Biotecnológico, Instituto de Higiene, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
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Cao Y, Qiao J, Lin Z, Zabaleta J, Dai L, Qin Z. Up-regulation of tumor suppressor genes by exogenous dhC16-Cer contributes to its anti-cancer activity in primary effusion lymphoma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:15220-15229. [PMID: 28146424 PMCID: PMC5362481 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) is a rare and highly aggressive B-cell malignancy with Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) infection, while lack of effective therapies. Our recent data indicated that targeting the sphingolipid metabolism by either sphingosine kinase inhibitor or exogenous ceramide species induces PEL cell apoptosis and suppresses tumor progression in vivo. However, the underlying mechanisms for these exogenous ceramides “killing” PEL cells remain largely unknown. Based on the microarray analysis, we found that exogenous dhC16-Cer treatment affected the expression of many cellular genes with important functions within PEL cells such as regulation of cell cycle, cell survival/proliferation, and apoptosis/anti-apoptosis. Interestingly, we found that a subset of tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) was up-regulated from dhC16-Cer treated PEL cells. One of these elevated TSGs, Thrombospondin-1 (THBS1) was required for dhC16-Cer induced PEL cell cycle arrest. Moreover, dhC16-Cer up-regulation of THBS1 was through the suppression of multiple KSHV microRNAs expression. Our data demonstrate that exogenous ceramides display anti-cancer activities for PEL through regulation of both host and oncogenic virus factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueyu Cao
- Department of Oncology, Research Center for Translational Medicine and Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Jing Qiao
- Department of Pediatrics, Research Center for Translational Medicine and Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Zhen Lin
- Department of Pathology, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, Tulane Cancer Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Jovanny Zabaleta
- Department of Pediatrics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Louisiana Cancer Research Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Lu Dai
- Department of Oncology, Research Center for Translational Medicine and Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China.,Department of Genetics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Louisiana Cancer Research Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Zhiqiang Qin
- Department of Oncology, Research Center for Translational Medicine and Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China.,Department of Genetics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Louisiana Cancer Research Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
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Marek-Trzonkowska N, Piekarska K, Filipowicz N, Piotrowski A, Gucwa M, Vogt K, Sawitzki B, Siebert J, Trzonkowski P. Mild hypothermia provides Treg stability. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11915. [PMID: 28931834 PMCID: PMC5607276 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-10151-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play crucial role in maintenance of peripheral tolerance. Recent clinical trials confirmed safety and efficacy of Treg treatment of deleterious immune responses. However, Tregs lose their characteristic phenotype and suppressive potential during expansion ex vivo. Therefore, multiple research teams have been studding Treg biology in aim to improve their stability in vitro. In the current paper, we demonstrate that mild hypothermia of 33 °C induces robust proliferation of Tregs, preserves expression of FoxP3, CD25 and Helios, and prevents TSDR methylation during culture in vitro. Tregs expanded at 33 °C have stronger immunosuppressive potential and remarkably anti-inflammatory phenotype demonstrated by the whole transcriptome sequencing. These observations shed new light on impact of temperature on regulation of immune response. We show that just a simple change in temperature can preserve Treg stability, function and accelerate their proliferation, responding to unanswered question- how to preserve Treg stability in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Marek-Trzonkowska
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Cellular Therapies, Department of Family Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, ul. Dębinki 2, 80-210, Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Karolina Piekarska
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Cellular Therapies, Department of Family Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, ul. Dębinki 2, 80-210, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Natalia Filipowicz
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Gdańsk, al. Gen. J. Hallera 107, 80-416, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Piotrowski
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Gdańsk, al. Gen. J. Hallera 107, 80-416, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Magdalena Gucwa
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Gdańsk, al. Gen. J. Hallera 107, 80-416, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Katrin Vogt
- Institute for Medical Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Augustenburgerplatz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Birgit Sawitzki
- Institute for Medical Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Augustenburgerplatz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Janusz Siebert
- Department of Family Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, ul. Dębinki 2, 80-210, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Piotr Trzonkowski
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Transplantology, Medical University of Gdańsk, ul. Dębinki 7, 80-210, Gdańsk, Poland
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49
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Wang X, Yang X, Tsai Y, Yang L, Chuang KH, Keng PC, Lee SO, Chen Y. IL-6 Mediates Macrophage Infiltration after Irradiation via Up-regulation of CCL2/CCL5 in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer. Radiat Res 2017; 187:50-59. [PMID: 28054838 DOI: 10.1667/rr14503.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Radiotherapy is effective in reducing primary tumors, however, it may enhance macrophage infiltration to tumor sites, accelerating tumor progression in several ways. We investigated whether radiation can increase macrophage infiltration into non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) cells. Analysis of in vitro macrophage (differentiated THP-1 cells) migration to either nonirradiated or irradiated tumor cells showed increased migration to the irradiated tumor cells. Because the IL-6 levels in A549 and H157 cells were significantly increased after irradiation, we then investigated whether this increased IL-6 level contributes to radiation-induced macrophage migration. Radiation-induced macrophage infiltration was reduced when IL-6 was knocked down in tumor cells, indicating a positive IL-6 role in this process. To validate this in vitro result, an orthotopic mouse model was developed using a luciferase-tagged H157siIL-6/scramble control (sc) cell set. After tumors developed, the lungs were irradiated, and infiltration of endogenous macrophages and tail-vein injected fluorescent macrophages to tumor sites was investigated. In both groups, increased macrophage infiltration was observed in H157sc cell-derived xenografts compared to H157siIL-6 cell-derived xenografts, confirming the positive IL-6 role in the radiation-induced macrophage infiltration process. In mechanistic dissection studies, radiation-induced up-regulation of CCL2 and CCL5 by IL-6 was detected, and blocking the action of CCL2/CCL5 molecules significantly reduced the number of migrated macrophages to tumor cells after irradiation. These results demonstrate that targeting the IL-6 signaling or CCL2/CCL5 molecules in combination with conventional radiotherapy potentially blocks undesired radiation-induced macrophage infiltration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642
| | - Xiaodong Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642
| | - Ying Tsai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642
| | - Kuang-Hsiang Chuang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642
| | - Peter C Keng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642
| | - Soo Ok Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642
| | - Yuhchyau Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642
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