1
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Du SX, Wang LL, Yu WP, Xu SX, Chen L, Huang W. Appropriate induction of TOC1 ensures optimal MYB44 expression in ABA signaling and stress response in Arabidopsis. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024; 47:3046-3062. [PMID: 38654596 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Plants possess the remarkable ability to integrate the circadian clock with various signalling pathways, enabling them to quickly detect and react to both external and internal stress signals. However, the interplay between the circadian clock and biological processes in orchestrating responses to environmental stresses remains poorly understood. TOC1, a core component of the plant circadian clock, plays a vital role in maintaining circadian rhythmicity and participating in plant defences. Here, our study reveals a direct interaction between TOC1 and the promoter region of MYB44, a key gene involved in plant defence. TOC1 rhythmically represses MYB44 expression, thereby ensuring elevated MYB44 expression at dawn to help the plant in coping with lowest temperatures during diurnal cycles. Additionally, both TOC1 and MYB44 can be induced by cold stress in an Abscisic acid (ABA)-dependent and independent manner. TOC1 demonstrates a rapid induction in response to lower temperatures compared to ABA treatment, suggesting timely flexible regulation of TOC1-MYB44 regulatory module by the circadian clock in ensuring a proper response to diverse stresses and maintaining a balance between normal physiological processes and energy-consuming stress responses. Our study elucidates the role of TOC1 in effectively modulating expression of MYB44, providing insights into the regulatory network connecting the circadian clock, ABA signalling, and stress-responsive genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen-Xiu Du
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lu-Lu Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei-Peng Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shu-Xuan Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Liang Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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2
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Zang R, Shahzad K, Zhang X, Guo L, Qi T, Tang H, Wang R, Wang H, Qiao X, Zhang M, Wu J, Xing C. Dose effects of restorer gene modulate pollen fertility in cotton CMS-D2 restorer lines via auxin signaling and flavonoid biosynthesis. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2023; 42:1705-1719. [PMID: 37715064 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-023-03053-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Dose effects of Rf1 gene regulated retrieval mechanism of pollen fertility for CMS-D2 cotton. Cytoplasmic male sterility conditioned by Gossypium harknessii cytoplasm (CMS-D2) is an economical pollination control system for producing hybrid cotton seeds compared to artificial and chemical emasculation methods. However, the unstable restoring ability of restorer lines is a main barrier in the large-scale application of "three-line" hybrid cotton in China. Our phenotypic investigation determined that the homozygous Rf1Rf1 allelic genotype had a stronger ability to generate fertile pollen than the heterozygous Rf1rf1 allelic genotype. To decipher the genetic mechanisms that control the differential levels of pollen fertility, an integrated metabolomic and transcriptomic analysis was performed at two environments using pollen grains of four cotton genotypes differing in Rf1 alleles or cytoplasm. Totally 5,391 differential metabolite features were detected, and 369 specific differential metabolites (DMs) were identified between homozygous and heterozygous Rf1 allelic genotypes with CMS-D2 cytoplasm. In addition, transcriptome analysis identified 2,490 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 96 unique hub DEGs with dynamic regulation in this comparative combination. Further integrated analyses revealed that several key DEGs and DMs involved in indole biosynthesis, flavonoid biosynthesis, and sugar metabolism had strong network linkage with fertility restoration. In vitro application of auxin analogue NAA and inhibitor Auxinole confirmed that over-activated auxin signaling might inhibit pollen development, whereas suppressing auxin signaling partially promoted pollen development in CMS-D2 cotton. Our results provide new insight into how the dosage effects of the Rf1 gene regulate pollen fertility of CMS-D2 cotton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Zang
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory for Cotton Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 38 Huanghe Dadao, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Kashif Shahzad
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory for Cotton Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 38 Huanghe Dadao, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Xuexian Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory for Cotton Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 38 Huanghe Dadao, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Liping Guo
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory for Cotton Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 38 Huanghe Dadao, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Tingxiang Qi
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory for Cotton Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 38 Huanghe Dadao, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Huini Tang
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory for Cotton Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 38 Huanghe Dadao, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Ruijie Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory for Cotton Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 38 Huanghe Dadao, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Hailin Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory for Cotton Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 38 Huanghe Dadao, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Xiuqin Qiao
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory for Cotton Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 38 Huanghe Dadao, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory for Cotton Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 38 Huanghe Dadao, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China.
| | - Jianyong Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory for Cotton Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 38 Huanghe Dadao, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China.
| | - Chaozhu Xing
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory for Cotton Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 38 Huanghe Dadao, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China.
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3
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Xu H, Zuo Y, Wei J, Wang L. The Circadian Clock Coordinates the Tradeoff between Adaptation to Abiotic Stresses and Yield in Crops. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1364. [PMID: 37997963 PMCID: PMC10669628 DOI: 10.3390/biology12111364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Plants have evolved a circadian clock to adapt to ever-changing diel and seasonal environmental conditions. The circadian clock is generally considered an internal system that has evolved to adapt to cyclic environmental cues, especially diel light and temperature changes, which is essential for higher plants as they are sessile organisms. This system receives environmental signals as input pathways which are integrated by circadian core oscillators to synchronize numerous output pathways, such as photosynthesis, the abiotic stress response, metabolism, and development. Extreme temperatures, salinity, and drought stresses cause huge crop losses worldwide, imposing severe pressure on areas of agricultural land. In crop production, the circadian system plays a significant role in determining flowering time and responding to external abiotic stresses. Extensive studies over the last two decades have revealed that the circadian clock can help balance the tradeoff between crop yield-related agronomic traits and adaptation to stress. Herein, we focus on summarizing how the circadian clock coordinates abiotic stress responses and crop yield. We also propose that there might be an urgent need to better utilize circadian biology in the future design of crop breeding to achieve high yields under stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; (H.X.); (Y.Z.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yi Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; (H.X.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Jian Wei
- Center of Soybean, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130117, China;
| | - Lei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; (H.X.); (Y.Z.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Academician Workstation of Agricultural High-Tech Industrial Area of the Yellow River Delta, National Center of Technology Innovation for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline-Alkali Land, Dongying 257300, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing 100093, China
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4
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Yu B, He X, Tang Y, Chen Z, Zhou L, Li X, Zhang C, Huang X, Yang Y, Zhang W, Kong F, Miao Y, Hou X, Hu Y. Photoperiod controls plant seed size in a CONSTANS-dependent manner. NATURE PLANTS 2023; 9:343-354. [PMID: 36747051 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-023-01350-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Photoperiodic plants perceive changes in day length as seasonal cues to orchestrate their vegetative and reproductive growth. Although it is known that the floral transition of photoperiod-sensitive plants is tightly controlled by day length, how photoperiod affects their post-flowering development remains to be clearly defined, as do the underlying mechanisms. Here we demonstrate that photoperiod plays a prominent role in seed development. We found that long-day (LD) and short-day (SD) plants produce larger seeds under LD and SD conditions, respectively; however, seed size remains unchanged when CONSTANS (CO), the central regulatory gene of the photoperiodic response pathway, is mutated in Arabidopsis and soybean. We further found that CO directly represses the transcription of AP2 (a known regulatory gene of seed development) under LD conditions in Arabidopsis and SD conditions in soybean, thereby controlling seed size in a photoperiod-dependent manner, and that these effects are exerted through regulation of the proliferation of seed coat epidermal cells. Collectively, our findings reveal that a crucial regulatory cascade involving CO-AP2 modulates photoperiod-mediated seed development in plants and provide new insights into how plants with different photoperiod response types perceive seasonal changes that enable them to optimize their reproductive growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany and Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xuemei He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany and Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Editing, Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhonghui Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany and Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Limeng Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany and Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoming Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany and Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chunyu Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany and Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany and Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuhua Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany and Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenbin Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany and Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fanjiang Kong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Adaptation and Molecular Design, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Editing, Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yansong Miao
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xingliang Hou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany and Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Yilong Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany and Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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5
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Gombos M, Hapek N, Kozma-Bognár L, Grezal G, Zombori Z, Kiss E, Györgyey J. Limited water stress modulates expression of circadian clock genes in Brachypodium distachyon roots. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1241. [PMID: 36690685 PMCID: PMC9870971 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-27287-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Organisms have evolved a circadian clock for the precise timing of their biological processes. Studies primarily on model dicots have shown the complexity of the inner timekeeper responsible for maintaining circadian oscillation in plants and have highlighted that circadian regulation is more than relevant to a wide range of biological processes, especially organ development and timing of flowering. Contribution of the circadian clock to overall plant fitness and yield has also long been known. Nevertheless, the organ- and species-specific functions of the circadian clock and its relation to stress adaptation have only recently been identified. Here we report transcriptional changes of core clock genes of the model monocot Brachypodium distachyon under three different light regimes (18:6 light:dark, 24:0 light and 0:24 dark) in response to mild drought stress in roots and green plant parts. Comparative monitoring of core clock gene expression in roots and green plant parts has shown that both phase and amplitude of expression in the roots of Brachypodium plants differ markedly from those in the green plant parts, even under well-watered conditions. Moreover, circadian clock genes responded to water depletion differently in root and shoot. These results suggest an organ-specific form and functions of the circadian clock in Brachypodium roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdolna Gombos
- Institute of Plant Biology, BRC-Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Nóra Hapek
- Institute of Plant Biology, BRC-Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
- Institute of Biochemistry, BRC-Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - László Kozma-Bognár
- Institute of Plant Biology, BRC-Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gábor Grezal
- Institute of Biochemistry, BRC-Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Zombori
- Institute of Plant Biology, BRC-Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Edina Kiss
- Institute of Plant Biology, BRC-Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - János Györgyey
- Institute of Plant Biology, BRC-Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary.
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6
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Häfker NS, Andreatta G, Manzotti A, Falciatore A, Raible F, Tessmar-Raible K. Rhythms and Clocks in Marine Organisms. ANNUAL REVIEW OF MARINE SCIENCE 2023; 15:509-538. [PMID: 36028229 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-marine-030422-113038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The regular movements of waves and tides are obvious representations of the oceans' rhythmicity. But the rhythms of marine life span across ecological niches and timescales, including short (in the range of hours) and long (in the range of days and months) periods. These rhythms regulate the physiology and behavior of individuals, as well as their interactions with each other and with the environment. This review highlights examples of rhythmicity in marine animals and algae that represent important groups of marine life across different habitats. The examples cover ecologically highly relevant species and a growing number of laboratory model systems that are used to disentangle key mechanistic principles. The review introduces fundamental concepts of chronobiology, such as the distinction between rhythmic and endogenous oscillator-driven processes. It also addresses the relevance of studying diverse rhythms and oscillators, as well as their interconnection, for making better predictions of how species will respond to environmental perturbations, including climate change. As the review aims to address scientists from the diverse fields of marine biology, ecology, and molecular chronobiology, all of which have their own scientific terms, we provide definitions of key terms throughout the article.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Sören Häfker
- Max Perutz Labs, University of Vienna, Vienna BioCenter, Vienna, Austria; ,
- Research Platform "Rhythms of Life," University of Vienna, Vienna BioCenter, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gabriele Andreatta
- Max Perutz Labs, University of Vienna, Vienna BioCenter, Vienna, Austria; ,
- Research Platform "Rhythms of Life," University of Vienna, Vienna BioCenter, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alessandro Manzotti
- Laboratoire de Biologie du Chloroplaste et Perception de la Lumière chez les Microalgues, UMR 7141, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Paris, France;
| | - Angela Falciatore
- Laboratoire de Biologie du Chloroplaste et Perception de la Lumière chez les Microalgues, UMR 7141, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Paris, France;
| | - Florian Raible
- Max Perutz Labs, University of Vienna, Vienna BioCenter, Vienna, Austria; ,
- Research Platform "Rhythms of Life," University of Vienna, Vienna BioCenter, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kristin Tessmar-Raible
- Max Perutz Labs, University of Vienna, Vienna BioCenter, Vienna, Austria; ,
- Research Platform "Rhythms of Life," University of Vienna, Vienna BioCenter, Vienna, Austria
- Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
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7
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Vuosku J, Martz F, Hallikainen V, Rautio P. Changing winter climate and snow conditions induce various transcriptional stress responses in Scots pine seedlings. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1050903. [PMID: 36570907 PMCID: PMC9780549 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1050903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In northern boreal forests the warming winter climate leads to more frequent snowmelt, rain-on-snow events and freeze-thaw cycles. This may be harmful or even lethal for tree seedlings that spend even a half of the year under snow. We conducted a snow cover manipulation experiment in a natural forest to find out how changing snow conditions affect young Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) seedlings. The ice encasement (IE), absence of snow (NoSNOW) and snow compaction (COMP) treatments affected ground level temperature, ground frost and subnivean gas concentrations compared to the ambient snow cover (AMB) and led to the increased physical damage and mortality of seedlings. The expression responses of 28 genes related to circadian clock, aerobic and anaerobic energy metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism and stress protection revealed that seedlings were exposed to different stresses in a complex way depending on the thickness and quality of the snow cover. The IE treatment caused hypoxic stress and probably affected roots which resulted in reduced water uptake in the beginning of the growing season. Without protective snowpack in NoSNOW seedlings suffered from cold and drought stresses. The combination of hypoxic and cold stresses in COMP evoked unique transcriptional responses including oxidative stress. Snow cover manipulation induced changes in the expression of several circadian clock related genes suggested that photoreceptors and the circadian clock system play an essential role in the adaptation of Scots pine seedlings to stresses under different snow conditions. Our findings show that warming winter climate alters snow conditions and consequently causes Scots pine seedlings various abiotic stresses, whose effects extend from overwintering to the following growing season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaana Vuosku
- Natural Resources Unit, Natural Resources Institute Finland, Rovaniemi, Finland
- Ecology and Genetics Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Françoise Martz
- Natural Resources Unit, Natural Resources Institute Finland, Rovaniemi, Finland
| | - Ville Hallikainen
- Natural Resources Unit, Natural Resources Institute Finland, Rovaniemi, Finland
| | - Pasi Rautio
- Natural Resources Unit, Natural Resources Institute Finland, Rovaniemi, Finland
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8
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Alcantara M, Acosta P, Azatian A, Calderon C, Candray K, Castillo N, Coria-Gomez L, Duran J, Fam J, Hernandez-Segura D, Hidalgo L, Huerta C, Jordan S, Kagan K, Loya K, Martinez E, Musaev K, Navarro R, Nazarians N, Paglia R, Robles G, Simmons T, Smith S, Soudani F, Valenzuela E, Villalobos J, Iftikhar H, Hanzawa Y. Experimental Verification of Inferred Regulatory Interactions of EARLY FLOWERING 3 ( GmELF3-1 ) in Glycine max. MICROPUBLICATION BIOLOGY 2022; 2022:10.17912/micropub.biology.000687. [PMID: 36506349 PMCID: PMC9729981 DOI: 10.17912/micropub.biology.000687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the roles of evening complex (EC) genes in the circadian clock of plants can inform how diurnal transcriptional loops in the clock gene network function to regulate key physiological and developmental events, including flowering transition. Gene regulatory interactions among soybean's circadian clock and flowering genes were inferred using time-series RNA-seq data and the network inference algorithmic package CausNet. In this study, we seek to clarify the inferred regulatory interactions of the EC gene GmELF3-1. A gene expression analysis using soybean protoplasts as a transient model indicated regulatory roles of GmELF3-1 in expression of selected flowering genes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Patrick Acosta
- Department of Biology, California State University Northridge
| | - Ara Azatian
- Department of Biology, BIOL 481 Plant Physiology, California State University Northridge
| | - Carlos Calderon
- Department of Biology, BIOL 481 Plant Physiology, California State University Northridge
| | - Kevin Candray
- Department of Biology, BIOL 481 Plant Physiology, California State University Northridge
| | - Natalie Castillo
- Department of Biology, BIOL 481 Plant Physiology, California State University Northridge
| | - Luis Coria-Gomez
- Department of Biology, BIOL 481 Plant Physiology, California State University Northridge
| | - Jose Duran
- Department of Biology, BIOL 481 Plant Physiology, California State University Northridge
| | - Justina Fam
- Department of Biology, BIOL 481 Plant Physiology, California State University Northridge
| | - Diego Hernandez-Segura
- Department of Biology, BIOL 481 Plant Physiology, California State University Northridge
| | - Lennix Hidalgo
- Department of Biology, BIOL 481 Plant Physiology, California State University Northridge
| | - Carlos Huerta
- Department of Biology, BIOL 481 Plant Physiology, California State University Northridge
| | - Shane Jordan
- Department of Biology, BIOL 481 Plant Physiology, California State University Northridge
| | - Kimberly Kagan
- Department of Biology, BIOL 481 Plant Physiology, California State University Northridge
| | - Karla Loya
- Department of Biology, BIOL 481 Plant Physiology, California State University Northridge
| | - Eduardo Martinez
- Department of Biology, BIOL 481 Plant Physiology, California State University Northridge
| | - Kirill Musaev
- Department of Biology, BIOL 481 Plant Physiology, California State University Northridge
| | - Roxana Navarro
- Department of Biology, BIOL 481 Plant Physiology, California State University Northridge
| | - Narek Nazarians
- Department of Biology, BIOL 481 Plant Physiology, California State University Northridge
| | - Robert Paglia
- Department of Biology, BIOL 481 Plant Physiology, California State University Northridge
| | - Gabriela Robles
- Department of Biology, BIOL 481 Plant Physiology, California State University Northridge
| | - Taylor Simmons
- Department of Biology, BIOL 481 Plant Physiology, California State University Northridge
| | - Shawn Smith
- Department of Biology, BIOL 481 Plant Physiology, California State University Northridge
| | - Faisel Soudani
- Department of Biology, BIOL 481 Plant Physiology, California State University Northridge
| | - Emily Valenzuela
- Department of Biology, BIOL 481 Plant Physiology, California State University Northridge
| | - Jessica Villalobos
- Department of Biology, BIOL 481 Plant Physiology, California State University Northridge
| | - Hira Iftikhar
- Department of Biology, California State University Northridge
| | - Yoshie Hanzawa
- Department of Biology, California State University Northridge
,
Correspondence to: Yoshie Hanzawa (
)
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9
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Zhang Y, Cheng Q, Liao C, Li L, Gou C, Chen Z, Wang Y, Liu B, Kong F, Chen L. GmTOC1b inhibits nodulation by repressing GmNIN2a and GmENOD40-1 in soybean. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1052017. [PMID: 36438085 PMCID: PMC9691777 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1052017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Symbiotic nitrogen fixation is an important factor affecting the yield and quality of leguminous crops. Nodulation is regulated by a complex network comprising several transcription factors. Here, we functionally characterized the role of a TOC1 family member, GmTOC1b, in soybean (Glycine max) nodulation. RT-qPCR assays showed that GmTOC1b is constitutively expressed in soybean. However, GmTOC1b was also highly expressed in nodules, and GmTOC1 localized to the cell nucleus, based on transient transformation in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves. Homozygous Gmtoc1b mutant plants exhibited increased root hair curling and produced more infection threads, resulting in more nodules and greater nodule fresh weight. By contrast, GmTOC1b overexpression inhibited nodulation. Furthermore, we also showed that GmTOC1b represses the expression of nodulation-related genes including GmNIN2a and GmENOD40-1 by binding to their promoters. We conclude that GmTOC1b functions as a transcriptional repressor to inhibit nodulation by repressing the expression of key nodulation-related genes including GmNIN2a, GmNIN2b, and GmENOD40-1 in soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Liyu Chen
- *Correspondence: Liyu Chen, ; Fanjiang Kong,
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10
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Ntambiyukuri A, Li X, Xiao D, Wang A, Zhan J, He L. Circadian Rhythm Regulates Reactive Oxygen Species Production and Inhibits Al-Induced Programmed Cell Death in Peanut. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12081271. [PMID: 36013450 PMCID: PMC9410085 DOI: 10.3390/life12081271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Peanut is among the most important oil crops in the world. In the southern part of China, peanut is highly produced; however, the arable land is acidic. In acidic soils, aluminum (Al) inhibits plant growth and development by changing the properties of the cell wall and causing the disorder of the intracellular metabolic process. Circadian rhythm is an internal mechanism that occurs about every 24 h and enables plants to maintain internal biological processes with a daily cycle. To investigate the effect of photoperiod and Al stress on the Al-induced programmed cell death (PCD), two peanut varieties were treated with 100 μM AlCl3 under three photoperiodic conditions (8/16, SD; 12/12, ND; 16/8 h, LD). The results show that Al toxicity was higher in ZH2 than in 99-1507 and higher under LD than under SD. Root length decreased by 30, 37.5, and 50% in ZH2 and decreased by 26.08, 34.78, and 47.82% in 99-1507 under SD, ND, and LD, respectively, under Al stress. Photoperiod and Al induced cell death and ROS production. MDA content, PME activity, and LOX activity increased under SD, ND, and LD, respectively, under Al stress both in ZH2 and 99-1507. APX, SOD, CAT, and POD activities were higher under SD, ND, and LD, respectively. Al stress increased the level of AhLHY expression under SD and ND but decreased it under LD in both ZH2 and 99-1507. Contrastingly, AhSTS expression levels increased exponentially and were higher under SD, LD, and ND, respectively, under Al stress. Our results will be a useful platform to research PCD induced by Al and gain new insights into the genetic manipulation of the circadian clock for plant stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Ntambiyukuri
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Xia Li
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Dong Xiao
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Nanning 530004, China
- Correspondence: (D.X.); (L.H.)
| | - Aiqin Wang
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Jie Zhan
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Longfei He
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety, Nanning 530004, China
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Nanning 530004, China
- Correspondence: (D.X.); (L.H.)
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11
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Nidhi, Kumar P, Pathania D, Thakur S, Sharma M. Environment-mediated mutagenetic interference on genetic stabilization and circadian rhythm in plants. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:358. [PMID: 35687153 PMCID: PMC11072124 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04368-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Many mortal organisms on this planet have developed the potential to merge all internal as well as external environmental cues to regulate various processes running inside organisms and in turn make them adaptive to the environment through the circadian clock. This moving rotator controls processes like activation of hormonal, metabolic, or defense pathways, initiation of flowering at an accurate period, and developmental processes in plants to ensure their stability in the environment. All these processes that are under the control of this rotating wheel can be changed either by external environmental factors or by an unpredictable phenomenon called mutation that can be generated by either physical mutagens, chemical mutagens, or by internal genetic interruption during metabolic processes, which alters normal functionality of organisms like innate immune responses, entrainment of the clock, biomass reduction, chlorophyll formation, and hormonal signaling, despite its fewer positive roles in plants like changing plant type, loss of vernalization treatment to make them survivable in different latitudes, and defense responses during stress. In addition, with mutation, overexpression of gene components sometimes supresses mutation effect and promote normal circadian genes abundance in the cell, while sometimes it affects circadian functionality by generating arrhythmicity and shows that not only mutation but overexpression also effects normal functional activities of plant. Therefore, this review mainly summarizes the role of each circadian clock genes in regulating rhythmicity, and shows that how circadian outputs are controlled by mutations as well as overexpression phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, 173212, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Dharmshala, India
| | - Diksha Pathania
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, 173212, India
| | - Sourbh Thakur
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Mamta Sharma
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, 173212, India.
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12
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Phan KAT, Paeng SK, Chae HB, Park JH, Lee ES, Wi SD, Bae SB, Kim MG, Yun D, Kim W, Lee SY. Universal Stress Protein (
USP
) regulates the circadian rhythm of central oscillator genes in
Arabidopsis. FEBS Lett 2022; 596:1871-1880. [DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kieu Anh Thi Phan
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21+) and PMBBRC, 2College of Pharmacy Gyeongsang National University Jinju, 52828 Korea
| | - Seol Ki Paeng
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21+) and PMBBRC, 2College of Pharmacy Gyeongsang National University Jinju, 52828 Korea
| | - Ho Byoung Chae
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21+) and PMBBRC, 2College of Pharmacy Gyeongsang National University Jinju, 52828 Korea
| | - Joung Hun Park
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21+) and PMBBRC, 2College of Pharmacy Gyeongsang National University Jinju, 52828 Korea
| | - Eun Seon Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21+) and PMBBRC, 2College of Pharmacy Gyeongsang National University Jinju, 52828 Korea
| | - Seong Dong Wi
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21+) and PMBBRC, 2College of Pharmacy Gyeongsang National University Jinju, 52828 Korea
| | - Su Bin Bae
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21+) and PMBBRC, 2College of Pharmacy Gyeongsang National University Jinju, 52828 Korea
| | | | - Dae‐Jin Yun
- Department of Biomedical Science & Engineering Konkuk University Seoul, 05029 Korea
| | - Woe‐Yeon Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21+) and PMBBRC, 2College of Pharmacy Gyeongsang National University Jinju, 52828 Korea
| | - Sang Yeol Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21+) and PMBBRC, 2College of Pharmacy Gyeongsang National University Jinju, 52828 Korea
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13
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Venkat A, Muneer S. Role of Circadian Rhythms in Major Plant Metabolic and Signaling Pathways. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:836244. [PMID: 35463437 PMCID: PMC9019581 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.836244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Plants require an endogenous regulatory network and mechanism to cope with diurnal environmental changes and compensate for their sessile nature. Plants use the circadian clock to anticipate diurnal changes. Circadian rhythm predicts a 24-h cycle with 16 h of light and 8 h of darkness in response to abiotic and biotic factors as well as the appropriate temperature. For a plant's fitness, proper growth, and development, these rhythms synchronize the diurnal photoperiodic changes. Input pathway, central oscillator, and output pathway are the three components that make up the endogenous clock. There are also transcriptional and translational feedback loops (TTFLs) in the clock, which are dependent on the results of gene expression. Several physiological processes, such as stress acclimatization, hormone signaling, morphogenesis, carbon metabolism, and defense response, are currently being investigated for their interactions with the circadian clock using phenotypic, genomic, and metabolic studies. This review examines the role of circadian rhythms in the regulation of plant metabolic pathways, such as photosynthesis and carbon metabolism, as well as developmental and degenerative processes, such as flowering and senescence. Furthermore, we summarized signaling pathways related to circadian rhythms, such as defense response and gene regulatory pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajila Venkat
- Horticulture and Molecular Physiology Lab, School of Agricultural Innovations and Advanced Learning, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
| | - Sowbiya Muneer
- Horticulture and Molecular Physiology Lab, School of Agricultural Innovations and Advanced Learning, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
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14
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Hargreaves JK, Oakenfull RJ, Davis AM, Pullen F, Knight MI, Pitchford JW, Davis SJ. Multiple metals influence distinct properties of the Arabidopsis circadian clock. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0258374. [PMID: 35381003 PMCID: PMC8982871 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Circadian rhythms coordinate endogenous events with external signals, and are essential to biological function. When environmental contaminants affect these rhythms, the organism may experience fitness consequences such as reduced growth or increased susceptibility to pathogens. In their natural environment plants may be exposed to a wide range of industrial and agricultural soil pollutants. Here, we investigate how the addition of various metal salts to the root-interaction environment can impact rhythms, measured via the promoter:luciferase system. The consequences of these environmental changes were found to be varied and complex. Therefore, in addition to traditional Fourier-based analyses, we additionally apply novel wavelet-based spectral hypothesis testing and clustering methodologies to organize and understand the data. We are able to classify broad sets of responses to these metal salts, including those that increase, and those that decrease, the period, or which induce a lack of precision or disrupt any meaningful periodicity. Our methods are general, and may be applied to discover common responses and hidden structures within a wide range of biological time series data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica K. Hargreaves
- Department of Mathematics, University of York, York, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (JKH); (SJD)
| | | | - Amanda M. Davis
- Department of Biology, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - Freya Pullen
- Department of Biology, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - Marina I. Knight
- Department of Mathematics, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - Jon W. Pitchford
- Department of Mathematics, University of York, York, United Kingdom
- Department of Biology, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - Seth J. Davis
- Department of Biology, University of York, York, United Kingdom
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- * E-mail: (JKH); (SJD)
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15
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Regulatory Role of Circadian Clocks on ABA Production and Signaling, Stomatal Responses, and Water-Use Efficiency under Water-Deficit Conditions. Cells 2022; 11:cells11071154. [PMID: 35406719 PMCID: PMC8997731 DOI: 10.3390/cells11071154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants deploy molecular, physiological, and anatomical adaptations to cope with long-term water-deficit exposure, and some of these processes are controlled by circadian clocks. Circadian clocks are endogenous timekeepers that autonomously modulate biological systems over the course of the day–night cycle. Plants’ responses to water deficiency vary with the time of the day. Opening and closing of stomata, which control water loss from plants, have diurnal responses based on the humidity level in the rhizosphere and the air surrounding the leaves. Abscisic acid (ABA), the main phytohormone modulating the stomatal response to water availability, is regulated by circadian clocks. The molecular mechanism of the plant’s circadian clock for regulating stress responses is composed not only of transcriptional but also posttranscriptional regulatory networks. Despite the importance of regulatory impact of circadian clock systems on ABA production and signaling, which is reflected in stomatal responses and as a consequence influences the drought tolerance response of the plants, the interrelationship between circadian clock, ABA homeostasis, and signaling and water-deficit responses has to date not been clearly described. In this review, we hypothesized that the circadian clock through ABA directs plants to modulate their responses and feedback mechanisms to ensure survival and to enhance their fitness under drought conditions. Different regulatory pathways and challenges in circadian-based rhythms and the possible adaptive advantage through them are also discussed.
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16
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Ding YE, Zou YN, Wu QS, Kuča K. Mycorrhizal fungi regulate daily rhythm of circadian clock in trifoliate orange under drought stress. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 42:616-628. [PMID: 34617114 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpab132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The circadian rhythm of plants is associated with stress responses; however, it is not clear whether increased host plant drought tolerance by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) is associated with changes in the circadian clock. The present study aimed to analyze the effect of Funneliformis mosseae (Nicol. & Gerd.) Schüßler & Walker on the circadian clock gene expression patterns in trifoliate orange (Poncirus trifoliata L. Raf.) along with gas exchange, abscisic acid (ABA) levels and antioxidant enzyme gene expression under well-watered (WW) and drought stress (DS) conditions. Plant growth, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and ABA levels were significantly higher in AMF- than in non-AMF-inoculated plants regardless of soil water regimes. Six circadian clock genes, including PtPRR7, PtLHY, PtCCA1, PtGI, PtPIF3 and PtSRR1, were identified and showed rhythmic expression patterns over the course of the day. The AMF inoculation reduced the expression of most circadian clock genes in different time periods. However, AMF treatment significantly increased PtPRR7 and PtGI expression at 5:00 p.m. under WW and DS conditions, PtLHY expression at 1:00 a.m. and PtSRR1 expression at 9:00 p.m. At 1:00 a.m., AMF inoculation up-regulated the expression of the circadian clock genes PtPRR7, PtCCA1, PtLHY and PtPIF3 and the antioxidant enzyme genes PtFe-SOD, PtMn-SOD, PtCu/Zn-SOD, PtPOD and PtCAT1. Correlation analysis revealed that these changes in circadian clock gene expression were associated with antioxidant enzyme gene expression, root ABA and gas exchange. We concluded that mycorrhizal fungi have the ability to regulate the daily rhythm of the circadian clock in trifoliate orange plants in response to drought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-E Ding
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingmi 88, Jingzhou, Hubei 434025, China
| | - Ying-Ning Zou
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingmi 88, Jingzhou, Hubei 434025, China
| | - Qiang-Sheng Wu
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingmi 88, Jingzhou, Hubei 434025, China
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, Hradec Kralove 50003, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Kuča
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, Hradec Kralove 50003, Czech Republic
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17
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Mácová K, Prabhullachandran U, Štefková M, Spyroglou I, Pěnčík A, Endlová L, Novák O, Robert HS. Long-Term High-Temperature Stress Impacts on Embryo and Seed Development in Brassica napus. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:844292. [PMID: 35528932 PMCID: PMC9075611 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.844292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Brassica napus (rapeseed) is the second most important oilseed crop worldwide. Global rise in average ambient temperature and extreme weather severely impact rapeseed seed yield. However, fewer research explained the phenotype changes caused by moderate-to-high temperatures in rapeseed. To investigate these events, we determined the long-term response of three spring cultivars to different temperature regimes (21/18°C, 28/18°C, and 34/18°C) mimicking natural temperature variations. The analysis focused on the plant appearance, seed yield, quality and viability, and embryo development. Our microscopic observations suggest that embryonic development is accelerated and defective in high temperatures. Reduced viable seed yield at warm ambient temperature is due to a reduced fertilization rate, increased abortion rate, defective embryonic development, and pre-harvest sprouting. Reduced auxin levels in young seeds and low ABA and auxin levels in mature seeds may cause embryo pattern defects and reduced seed dormancy, respectively. Glucosinolates and oil composition measurements suggest reduced seed quality. These identified cues help understand seed thermomorphogenesis and pave the way to developing thermoresilient rapeseed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kateřina Mácová
- National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
- Hormonal Crosstalk in Plant Development, Mendel Center for Plant Genomics and Proteomics, CEITEC MU-Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Unnikannan Prabhullachandran
- National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
- Hormonal Crosstalk in Plant Development, Mendel Center for Plant Genomics and Proteomics, CEITEC MU-Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Marie Štefková
- Hormonal Crosstalk in Plant Development, Mendel Center for Plant Genomics and Proteomics, CEITEC MU-Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Ioannis Spyroglou
- Plant Sciences Core Facility, Mendel Center for Plant Genomics and Proteomics, CEITEC MU-Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Aleš Pěnčík
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Faculty of Science, Palacký University and Institute of Experimental Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Olomouc, Czechia
| | | | - Ondřej Novák
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Faculty of Science, Palacký University and Institute of Experimental Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Hélène S Robert
- Hormonal Crosstalk in Plant Development, Mendel Center for Plant Genomics and Proteomics, CEITEC MU-Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
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18
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Kim NS, Kim SJ, Jo JS, Lee JG, Lee SI, Kim DH, Kim JA. The BrGI Circadian Clock Gene Is Involved in the Regulation of Glucosinolates in Chinese Cabbage. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12111664. [PMID: 34828270 PMCID: PMC8621042 DOI: 10.3390/genes12111664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Circadian clocks integrate environmental cues with endogenous signals to coordinate physiological outputs. Clock genes in plants are involved in many physiological and developmental processes, such as photosynthesis, stomata opening, stem elongation, light signaling, and floral induction. Many Brassicaceae family plants, including Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis), produce a unique glucosinolate (GSL) secondary metabolite, which enhances plant protection, facilitates the design of functional foods, and has potential medical applications (e.g., as antidiabetic and anticancer agents). The levels of GSLs change diurnally, suggesting a connection to the circadian clock system. We investigated whether circadian clock genes affect the biosynthesis of GSLs in Brassica rapa using RNAi-mediated suppressed transgenic Brassica rapa GIGENTEA homolog (BrGI knockdown; hereafter GK1) Chinese cabbage. GIGANTEA plays an important role in the plant circadian clock system and is related to various developmental and metabolic processes. Using a validated GK1 transgenic line, we performed RNA sequencing and high-performance liquid chromatography analyses. The transcript levels of many GSL pathway genes were significantly altered in GK1 transgenic plants. In addition, GSL contents were substantially reduced in GK1 transgenic plants. We report that the BrGI circadian clock gene is required for the biosynthesis of GSLs in Chinese cabbage plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Sun Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, Korea; (N.S.K.); (S.I.L.)
| | - Su Jeong Kim
- Department of Plant Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea;
| | - Jung Su Jo
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea; (J.S.J.); (J.G.L.)
| | - Jun Gu Lee
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea; (J.S.J.); (J.G.L.)
| | - Soo In Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, Korea; (N.S.K.); (S.I.L.)
| | - Dong Hwan Kim
- Department of Plant Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea;
- Correspondence: (D.H.K.); (J.A.K.); Tel.: +82-31-670-3260 (D.H.K.); +82-63-238-4619 (J.A.K.)
| | - Jin A. Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, Korea; (N.S.K.); (S.I.L.)
- Correspondence: (D.H.K.); (J.A.K.); Tel.: +82-31-670-3260 (D.H.K.); +82-63-238-4619 (J.A.K.)
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19
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Ren Y, Gao Y, Zhang Q. Morning and evening alarm of the circadian clock for flower opening times in Hemerocallis. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 311:110992. [PMID: 34482906 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2021.110992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies demonstrated that flower opening time (FOT) is a stable trait and precisely controlled by a circadian clock responsive to the environment. It plays a vital role in improving fertility. Hemerocallis spp. has different FOTs divided into two types: nocturnal and diurnal. To explore the regulatory mechanisms of their FOTs, we carried out a transcriptome sequencing experiment at different developmental stages of an F1 population with different FOTs. 55,883 unigenes were obtained, and 9234 differential genes were identified. Co-expression was analyzed by K-means clustering and weighted gene co-expression network analysis. Results showed that after entering reproductive growth, two FOT types of Hemerocallis had increased expression of genes related to photosynthetic metabolism and sensitivity to environmental response such as light and hormone signal transmission. Circadian rhythm-related activities were enriched in hub genes during the flowering stage. Genes showing differential expression between the two Hemerocallis groups were related to environmental response and photosynthesis pathways. Putative circadian clock genes displayed differences in expression across the flower opening stage in both groups of Hemerocallis. Twenty-three key circadian clock genes were identified, which related to sensitivity to light signal input and gating. These genes might closely relate to FOTs in Hemerocallis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ren
- Landscape Architecture School, Beijing Forestry University, No.35, Tsinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China.
| | - Yike Gao
- Landscape Architecture School, Beijing Forestry University, No.35, Tsinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China.
| | - Qixiang Zhang
- Landscape Architecture School, Beijing Forestry University, No.35, Tsinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China.
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20
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Abstract
In rice, a small increase in nighttime temperature reduces grain yield and quality. How warm nighttime temperatures (WNT) produce these detrimental effects is not well understood, especially in field conditions where the typical day-to-night temperature fluctuation exceeds the mild increase in nighttime temperature. We observed genome-wide disruption of gene expression timing during the reproductive phase in field-grown rice panicles acclimated to 2 to 3 °C WNT. Transcripts previously identified as rhythmically expressed with a 24-h period and circadian-regulated transcripts were more sensitive to WNT than were nonrhythmic transcripts. The system-wide perturbations in transcript levels suggest that WNT disrupt the tight temporal coordination between internal molecular events and the environment, resulting in reduced productivity. We identified transcriptional regulators whose predicted targets are enriched for sensitivity to WNT. The affected transcripts and candidate regulators identified through our network analysis explain molecular mechanisms driving sensitivity to WNT and identify candidates that can be targeted to enhance tolerance to WNT.
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21
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Gol L, Haraldsson EB, von Korff M. Ppd-H1 integrates drought stress signals to control spike development and flowering time in barley. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:122-136. [PMID: 32459309 PMCID: PMC7816852 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Drought impairs growth and spike development, and is therefore a major cause of yield losses in the temperate cereals barley and wheat. Here, we show that the photoperiod response gene PHOTOPERIOD-H1 (Ppd-H1) interacts with drought stress signals to modulate spike development. We tested the effects of a continuous mild and a transient severe drought stress on developmental timing and spike development in spring barley cultivars with a natural mutation in ppd-H1 and derived introgression lines carrying the wild-type Ppd-H1 allele from wild barley. Mild drought reduced the spikelet number and delayed floral development in spring cultivars but not in the introgression lines with a wild-type Ppd-H1 allele. Similarly, drought-triggered reductions in plant height, and tiller and spike number were more pronounced in the parental lines compared with the introgression lines. Transient severe stress halted growth and floral development; upon rewatering, introgression lines, but not the spring cultivars, accelerated development so that control and stressed plants flowered almost simultaneously. These genetic differences in development were correlated with a differential down-regulation of the flowering promotors FLOWERING LOCUS T1 and the BARLEY MADS-box genes BM3 and BM8. Our findings therefore demonstrate that Ppd-H1 affects developmental plasticity in response to drought in barley.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonard Gol
- Institute for Plant Genetics, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Max-Planck-Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, Germany
| | - Einar B Haraldsson
- Institute for Plant Genetics, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Maria von Korff
- Institute for Plant Genetics, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Max-Planck-Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences, ‘SMART Plants for Tomorrows Needs’, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Correspondence:
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22
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Roeber VM, Schmülling T, Cortleven A. The Photoperiod: Handling and Causing Stress in Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:781988. [PMID: 35145532 PMCID: PMC8821921 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.781988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The photoperiod, which is the length of the light period in the diurnal cycle of 24 h, is an important environmental signal. Plants have evolved sensitive mechanisms to measure the length of the photoperiod. Photoperiod sensing enables plants to synchronize developmental processes, such as the onset of flowering, with a specific time of the year, and enables them to alleviate the impact of environmental stresses occurring at the same time every year. During the last years, the importance of the photoperiod for plant responses to abiotic and biotic stresses has received increasing attention. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the signaling pathways involved in the photoperiod-dependent regulation of responses to abiotic (freezing, drought, osmotic stress) and biotic stresses. A central role of GIGANTEA (GI), which is a key player in the regulation of photoperiod-dependent flowering, in stress responses is highlighted. Special attention is paid to the role of the photoperiod in regulating the redox state of plants. Furthermore, an update on photoperiod stress, which is caused by sudden alterations in the photoperiod, is given. Finally, we will review and discuss the possible use of photoperiod-induced stress as a sustainable resource to enhance plant resistance to biotic stress in horticulture.
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de María N, Guevara MÁ, Perdiguero P, Vélez MD, Cabezas JA, López‐Hinojosa M, Li Z, Díaz LM, Pizarro A, Mancha JA, Sterck L, Sánchez‐Gómez D, Miguel C, Collada C, Díaz‐Sala MC, Cervera MT. Molecular study of drought response in the Mediterranean conifer Pinus pinaster Ait.: Differential transcriptomic profiling reveals constitutive water deficit-independent drought tolerance mechanisms. Ecol Evol 2020; 10:9788-9807. [PMID: 33005345 PMCID: PMC7520194 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Adaptation of long-living forest trees to respond to environmental changes is essential to secure their performance under adverse conditions. Water deficit is one of the most significant stress factors determining tree growth and survival. Maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Ait.), the main source of softwood in southwestern Europe, is subjected to recurrent drought periods which, according to climate change predictions for the years to come, will progressively increase in the Mediterranean region. The mechanisms regulating pine adaptive responses to environment are still largely unknown. The aim of this work was to go a step further in understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying maritime pine response to water stress and drought tolerance at the whole plant level. A global transcriptomic profiling of roots, stems, and needles was conducted to analyze the performance of siblings showing contrasted responses to water deficit from an ad hoc designed full-sib family. Although P. pinaster is considered a recalcitrant species for vegetative propagation in adult phase, the analysis was conducted using vegetatively propagated trees exposed to two treatments: well-watered and moderate water stress. The comparative analyses led us to identify organ-specific genes, constitutively expressed as well as differentially expressed when comparing control versus water stress conditions, in drought-sensitive and drought-tolerant genotypes. Different response strategies can point out, with tolerant individuals being pre-adapted for coping with drought by constitutively expressing stress-related genes that are detected only in latter stages on sensitive individuals subjected to drought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria de María
- Departamento de Ecología y Genética ForestalCentro de Investigación Forestal (CIFOR)Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA)MadridSpain
- Unidad Mixta de Genómica y Ecofisiología ForestalInstituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA)/Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)MadridSpain
| | - María Ángeles Guevara
- Departamento de Ecología y Genética ForestalCentro de Investigación Forestal (CIFOR)Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA)MadridSpain
- Unidad Mixta de Genómica y Ecofisiología ForestalInstituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA)/Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)MadridSpain
| | - Pedro Perdiguero
- Departamento de Ecología y Genética ForestalCentro de Investigación Forestal (CIFOR)Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA)MadridSpain
- Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA‐INIA)MadridSpain
- Departamento de Cultivos HerbáceosCentro de Investigación Agroforestal de AlbaladejitoCuencaSpain
| | - María Dolores Vélez
- Departamento de Ecología y Genética ForestalCentro de Investigación Forestal (CIFOR)Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA)MadridSpain
- Unidad Mixta de Genómica y Ecofisiología ForestalInstituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA)/Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)MadridSpain
| | - José Antonio Cabezas
- Departamento de Ecología y Genética ForestalCentro de Investigación Forestal (CIFOR)Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA)MadridSpain
- Unidad Mixta de Genómica y Ecofisiología ForestalInstituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA)/Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)MadridSpain
| | - Miriam López‐Hinojosa
- Departamento de Ecología y Genética ForestalCentro de Investigación Forestal (CIFOR)Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA)MadridSpain
- Unidad Mixta de Genómica y Ecofisiología ForestalInstituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA)/Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)MadridSpain
| | - Zhen Li
- Ghent University Department of Plant Biotechnology and BioinformaticsGhentBelgium
- VIB‐UGent Center for Plant Systems BiologyGhentBelgium
- Bioinformatics Institute GhentGhent UniversityGhentBelgium
| | - Luís Manuel Díaz
- Departamento de Ecología y Genética ForestalCentro de Investigación Forestal (CIFOR)Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA)MadridSpain
- Unidad Mixta de Genómica y Ecofisiología ForestalInstituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA)/Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)MadridSpain
| | - Alberto Pizarro
- Departamento de Ciencias de la VidaUniversidad de AlcaláAlcalá de HenaresSpain
| | - José Antonio Mancha
- Departamento de Ecología y Genética ForestalCentro de Investigación Forestal (CIFOR)Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA)MadridSpain
| | - Lieven Sterck
- Ghent University Department of Plant Biotechnology and BioinformaticsGhentBelgium
- VIB‐UGent Center for Plant Systems BiologyGhentBelgium
- Bioinformatics Institute GhentGhent UniversityGhentBelgium
| | - David Sánchez‐Gómez
- Departamento de Ecología y Genética ForestalCentro de Investigación Forestal (CIFOR)Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA)MadridSpain
- Unidad Mixta de Genómica y Ecofisiología ForestalInstituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA)/Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)MadridSpain
- Departamento de Cultivos HerbáceosCentro de Investigación Agroforestal de AlbaladejitoCuencaSpain
| | - Célia Miguel
- BioISI‐Biosystems & Integrative Sciences InstituteFaculdade de CiênciasUniversidade de LisboaLisboaPortugal
- Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica (iBET)OeirasPortugal
| | - Carmen Collada
- Unidad Mixta de Genómica y Ecofisiología ForestalInstituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA)/Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)MadridSpain
- Grupo de investigación Sistemas Naturales e Historia ForestalUPMMadridSpain
| | | | - María Teresa Cervera
- Departamento de Ecología y Genética ForestalCentro de Investigación Forestal (CIFOR)Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA)MadridSpain
- Unidad Mixta de Genómica y Ecofisiología ForestalInstituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA)/Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)MadridSpain
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Yoo YH, Jiang X, Jung KH. An Abiotic Stress Responsive U-Box E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Is Involved in OsGI-Mediating Diurnal Rhythm Regulating Mechanism. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9091071. [PMID: 32825403 PMCID: PMC7569774 DOI: 10.3390/plants9091071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The plant U-box (PUB) protein is the E3 ligase that plays roles in the degradation or post-translational modification of target proteins. In rice, 77 U-box proteins were identified and divided into eight classes according to the domain configuration. We performed a phylogenomic analysis by integrating microarray expression data under abiotic stress to the phylogenetic tree context. Real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) expression analyses identified that eight, twelve, and eight PUB family genes are associated with responses to drought, salinity, and cold stress, respectively. In total, 16 genes showed increased expression in response to three abiotic stresses. Among them, the expression of OsPUB2 in class II and OsPUB33, OsPUB39, and OsPUB41 in class III increased in all three abiotic stresses, indicating their involvement in multiple abiotic stress regulation. In addition, we identified the circadian rhythmic expression for three out of 16 genes responding to abiotic stress through meta-microarray expression data analysis. Among them, OsPUB4 is predicted to be involved in the rice GIGANTEA (OsGI)-mediating diurnal rhythm regulating mechanism. In the last, we constructed predicted protein-protein interaction networks associated with OsPUB4 and OsGI. Our analysis provides essential information to improve environmental stress tolerance mediated by the PUB family members in rice.
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25
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Philippou K, Davis AM, Davis SJ, Sánchez-Villarreal A. Chemical Perturbation of Chloroplast-Related Processes Affects Circadian Rhythms of Gene Expression in Arabidopsis: Salicylic Acid Application Can Entrain the Clock. Front Physiol 2020; 11:429. [PMID: 32625102 PMCID: PMC7314985 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The plant circadian system reciprocally interacts with metabolic processes. To investigate entrainment features in metabolic–circadian interactions, we used a chemical approach to perturb metabolism and monitored the pace of nuclear-driven circadian oscillations. We found that chemicals that alter chloroplast-related functions modified the circadian rhythms. Both vitamin C and paraquat altered the circadian period in a light-quality-dependent manner, whereas rifampicin lengthened the circadian period under darkness. Salicylic acid (SA) increased oscillatory robustness and shortened the period. The latter was attenuated by sucrose addition and was also gated, taking place during the first 3 h of the subjective day. Furthermore, the effect of SA on period length was dependent on light quality and genotype. Period lengthening or shortening by these chemicals was correlated to their inferred impact on photosynthetic electron transport activity and the redox state of plastoquinone (PQ). Based on these data and on previous publications on circadian effects that alter the redox state of PQ, we propose that the photosynthetic electron transport and the redox state of PQ participate in circadian periodicity. Moreover, coupling between chloroplast-derived signals and nuclear oscillations, as observed in our chemical and genetic assays, produces traits that are predicted by previous models. SA signaling or a related process forms a rhythmic input loop to drive robust nuclear oscillations in the context predicted by the zeitnehmer model, which was previously developed for Neurospora. We further discuss the possibility that electron transport chains (ETCs) are part of this mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koumis Philippou
- Department of Plant Developmental Biology, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, Germany
| | - Amanda M Davis
- Department of Plant Developmental Biology, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, Germany.,Department of Biology, University of York, York, United Kingdom
| | - Seth J Davis
- Department of Plant Developmental Biology, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, Germany.,Department of Biology, University of York, York, United Kingdom.,Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Alfredo Sánchez-Villarreal
- Department of Plant Developmental Biology, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, Germany
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26
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Huang W, Bont Z, Hervé MR, Robert CAM, Erb M. Impact of Seasonal and Temperature-Dependent Variation in Root Defense Metabolites on Herbivore Preference in Taraxacum officinale. J Chem Ecol 2019; 46:63-75. [PMID: 31832894 PMCID: PMC6954900 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-019-01126-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Plants experience seasonal fluctuations in abiotic and biotic factors such as herbivore attack rates. If and how root defense expression co-varies with seasonal fluctuations in abiotic factors and root herbivore attack rates is not well understood. Here, we evaluated seasonal changes in defensive root latex chemistry of Taraxacum officinale plants in the field and correlated the changes with seasonal fluctuations in abiotic factors and damage potential by Melolontha melolontha, a major natural enemy of T. officinale. We then explored the causality and consequences of these relationships under controlled conditions. The concentration of the defensive sesquiterpene lactone taraxinic acid β-D glucopyranosyl ester (TA-G) varied substantially over the year and was most strongly correlated to mean monthly temperature. Both temperature and TA-G levels were correlated with annual fluctuations in potential M. melolontha damage. Under controlled conditions, plants grown under high temperature produced more TA-G and were less attractive for M. melolontha. However, temperature-dependent M. melolontha feeding preferences were not significantly altered in TA-G deficient transgenic lines. Our results suggest that fluctuations in temperature leads to variation in the production of a root defensive metabolites that co-varies with expected attack of a major root herbivore. Temperature-dependent herbivore preference, however, is likely to be modulated by other phenotypic alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Huang
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Altenbergrain 21, 3013, Bern, Switzerland. .,CAS Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China.
| | - Zoe Bont
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Altenbergrain 21, 3013, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Maxime R Hervé
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Altenbergrain 21, 3013, Bern, Switzerland.,Inra, Agrocampus Ouest, IGEPP - UMR-A 1349, University of Rennes, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Christelle A M Robert
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Altenbergrain 21, 3013, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Erb
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Altenbergrain 21, 3013, Bern, Switzerland.
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27
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Cheong BE, Ho WWH, Biddulph B, Wallace X, Rathjen T, Rupasinghe TWT, Roessner U, Dolferus R. Phenotyping reproductive stage chilling and frost tolerance in wheat using targeted metabolome and lipidome profiling. Metabolomics 2019; 15:144. [PMID: 31630279 PMCID: PMC6800866 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-019-1606-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Frost events lead to A$360 million of yield losses annually to the Australian wheat industry, making improvement of chilling and frost tolerance an important trait for breeding. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to use metabolomics and lipidomics to explore genetic variation in acclimation potential to chilling and to identify metabolite markers for chilling tolerance in wheat. METHODS We established a controlled environment screening assay that is able to reproduce field rankings of wheat germplasm for chilling and frost tolerance. This assay, together with targeted metabolomics and lipidomics approaches, were used to compare metabolite and lipid levels in flag leaves of two wheat varieties with contrasting chilling tolerance. RESULTS The sensitive variety Wyalkatchem showed a strong reduction in amino acids after the first cold night, followed by accumulation of osmolytes such as fructose, glucose, putrescine and shikimate over a 4-day period. Accumulation of osmolytes is indicative of acclimation to water stress in Wyalkatchem. This response was not observed for tolerant variety Young. The two varieties also displayed significant differences in lipid accumulation. Variation in two lipid clusters, resulted in a higher unsaturated to saturated lipid ratio in Young after 4 days cold treatment and the lipids PC(34:0), PC(34:1), PC(35:1), PC(38:3), and PI(36:4) were the main contributors to the unsaturated to saturated ratio change. This indicates that Young may have superior ability to maintain membrane fluidity following cold exposure, thereby avoiding membrane damage and water stress observed for Wyalkatchem. CONCLUSION Our study suggests that metabolomics and lipidomics markers could be used as an alternative phenotyping method to discriminate wheat varieties with differences in cold acclimation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Eng Cheong
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010 Australia
| | - William Wing Ho Ho
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010 Australia
- Melbourne Integrative Genomics, Schools of Mathematics and Statistics and of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010 Australia
| | - Ben Biddulph
- Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, 3 Baron Hay Court, South Perth, WA 6151 Australia
| | - Xiaomei Wallace
- CSIRO Agriculture & Food, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT 2601 Australia
| | - Tina Rathjen
- CSIRO Agriculture & Food, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT 2601 Australia
| | - Thusitha W. T. Rupasinghe
- Metabolomics Australia, School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010 Australia
| | - Ute Roessner
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010 Australia
- Metabolomics Australia, School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010 Australia
| | - Rudy Dolferus
- CSIRO Agriculture & Food, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT 2601 Australia
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28
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Rao S, Meng X, Liao Y, Yu T, Cao J, Tan J, Xu F, Cheng S. Characterization and functional analysis of two novel 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase genes (GbHMGR2 and GbHMGR3) from Ginkgo biloba. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14109. [PMID: 31575936 PMCID: PMC6773693 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50629-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Terpene trilactones (TTLs) are the main secondary metabolites of Ginkgo biloba. As one of the rate-limiting enzymes in the mevalonic acid (MVA) pathway of TTL biosynthesis, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMGR) catalyzes the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A to form MVA. In this study, two cDNA sequences of HMGR genes, namely, GbHMGR2 and GbHMGR3, were cloned from G. biloba. The protein sequences of GbHMGR2 and GbHMGR3, which contain several functional domains, were analyzed. Regulatory elements related to light, hormone, and stress response were detected in the promoter regions of GbHMGR2 and GbHMGR3. The catalytic activity of these genes was verified by a functional complement experiment in yeast. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) showed the distinct expression patterns of the two genes in different organs. The TTL contents in the organs were detected by high-performance liquid chromatography- evaporative light scattering detector. GbHMGR2 and GbHMGR3 were responded to cold, dark, methyl jasmonate (MJ), abscisic acid (ABA), salicylic acid (SA), and ethephon (Eth) treatments. The TTL contents were also regulated by cold, dark, MJ, ABA, SA, and Eth treatment. In conclusion, GbHMGR2 and GbHMGR3 may participate in the MVA pathway of TTL biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen Rao
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, China
- National R&D for Se-rich Agricultural Products Processing Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China
| | - Xiangxiang Meng
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, China
| | - Yongling Liao
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, China
- National R&D for Se-rich Agricultural Products Processing Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China
| | - Tian Yu
- National R&D for Se-rich Agricultural Products Processing Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China
- Serun Health Industry Group, Enshi, 445000, China
| | - Jie Cao
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, China
| | - Junping Tan
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, China
| | - Feng Xu
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, China.
- National R&D for Se-rich Agricultural Products Processing Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China.
| | - Shuiyuan Cheng
- National R&D for Se-rich Agricultural Products Processing Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China.
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29
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Ding J, Zhao J, Pan T, Xi L, Zhang J, Zou Z. Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Gene Expression Patterns in Tomato Under Dynamic Light Conditions. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10090662. [PMID: 31470680 PMCID: PMC6770952 DOI: 10.3390/genes10090662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants grown under highly variable natural light regimes differ strongly from plants grown under constant light (CL) regimes. Plant phenotype and adaptation responses are important for plant biomass and fitness. However, the underlying regulatory mechanisms are still poorly understood, particularly from a transcriptional perspective. To investigate the influence of different light regimes on tomato plants, three dynamic light (DL) regimes were designed, using a CL regime as control. Morphological, photosynthetic, and transcriptional differences after five weeks of treatment were compared. Leaf area, plant height, shoot /root weight, total chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate, and stomatal conductance all significantly decreased in response to DL regimes. The biggest expression difference was found between the treatment with the highest light intensity at the middle of the day with a total of 1080 significantly up-/down-regulated genes. A total of 177 common differentially expressed genes were identified between DL and CL conditions. Finally, significant differences were observed in the levels of gene expression between DL and CL treatments in multiple pathways, predominantly of plant–pathogen interactions, plant hormone signal transductions, metabolites, and photosynthesis. These results expand the understanding of plant development and photosynthetic regulations under DL conditions by multiple pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanjuan Ding
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Jiantao Zhao
- INRA, UR1052, Génétique et Amélioration des Fruits et Légumes, Domaine Saint Maurice, 67 Allée des Chênes CS 60094, 84143 Montfavet, France
| | - Tonghua Pan
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Linjie Xi
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Zhirong Zou
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
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30
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Philippou K, Ronald J, Sánchez-Villarreal A, Davis AM, Davis SJ. Physiological and Genetic Dissection of Sucrose Inputs to the Arabidopsis thaliana Circadian System. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10050334. [PMID: 31052578 PMCID: PMC6563356 DOI: 10.3390/genes10050334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Circadian rhythms allow an organism to synchronize internal physiological responses to the external environment. Perception of external signals such as light and temperature are critical in the entrainment of the oscillator. However, sugar can also act as an entraining signal. In this work, we have confirmed that sucrose accelerates the circadian period, but this observed effect is dependent on the reporter gene used. This observed response was dependent on sucrose being available during free-running conditions. If sucrose was applied during entrainment, the circadian period was only temporally accelerated, if any effect was observed at all. We also found that sucrose acts to stabilize the robustness of the circadian period under red light or blue light, in addition to its previously described role in stabilizing the robustness of rhythms in the dark. Finally, we also found that CCA1 is required for both a short- and long-term response of the circadian oscillator to sucrose, while LHY acts to attenuate the effects of sucrose on circadian period. Together, this work highlights new pathways for how sucrose could be signaling to the oscillator and reveals further functional separation of CCA1 and LHY.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koumis Philippou
- Department of Plant Developmental Biology, Max-Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne D50829, Germany.
| | - James Ronald
- Department of Biology, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK.
| | - Alfredo Sánchez-Villarreal
- Department of Plant Developmental Biology, Max-Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne D50829, Germany.
- Colegio de Postgraduados campus Campeche, Campeche, CP 24450, México.
| | - Amanda M Davis
- Department of Plant Developmental Biology, Max-Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne D50829, Germany.
- Department of Biology, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK.
| | - Seth J Davis
- Department of Plant Developmental Biology, Max-Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne D50829, Germany.
- Department of Biology, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK.
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Contribution of time of day and the circadian clock to the heat stress responsive transcriptome in Arabidopsis. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4814. [PMID: 30886204 PMCID: PMC6423321 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41234-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In Arabidopsis, a large subset of heat responsive genes exhibits diurnal or circadian oscillations. However, to what extent the dimension of time and/or the circadian clock contribute to heat stress responses remains largely unknown. To determine the direct contribution of time of day and/or the clock to differential heat stress responses, we probed wild-type and mutants of the circadian clock genes CCA1, LHY, PRR7, and PRR9 following exposure to heat (37 °C) and moderate cold (10 °C) in the early morning (ZT1) and afternoon (ZT6). Thousands of genes were differentially expressed in response to temperature, time of day, and/or the clock mutation. Approximately 30% more genes were differentially expressed in the afternoon compared to the morning, and heat stress significantly perturbed the transcriptome. Of the DEGs (~3000) specifically responsive to heat stress, ~70% showed time of day (ZT1 or ZT6) occurrence of the transcriptional response. For the DEGs (~1400) that are shared between ZT1 and ZT6, we observed changes to the magnitude of the transcriptional response. In addition, ~2% of all DEGs showed differential responses to temperature stress in the clock mutants. The findings in this study highlight a significant role for time of day in the heat stress responsive transcriptome, and the clock through CCA1 and LHY, appears to have a more profound role than PRR7 and PRR9 in modulating heat stress responses during the day. Our results emphasize the importance of considering the dimension of time in studies on abiotic stress responses in Arabidopsis.
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Diurnal biomarkers reveal key photosynthetic genes associated with increased oil palm yield. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0213591. [PMID: 30856213 PMCID: PMC6411157 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0213591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate limiters of photosynthate assimilation in the carbon-source limited crop, oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.), we measured differential metabolite, gene expression and the gas exchange in leaves in an open field for palms with distinct mesocarp oil content. We observed higher concentrations of glucose 1-phosphate, glucose 6-phosphate, sucrose 6-phosphate, and sucrose in high-oil content palms with the greatest difference being at 11:00 (p-value ≤0.05) immediately after the period of low morning light intensity. Three important photosynthetic genes were identified using differentially expressed gene analysis (DEGs) and were found to be significantly enriched through Gene Ontology (GO) and pathway enrichment: chlorophyll a-b binding protein (CAB-13), photosystem I (PSI), and Ferredoxin-NADP reductase (FNR), particularly for sampling points at non-peak light (11:00 and 19:00), ranging from 3.3-fold (PSI) and 5.6-fold (FNR) to 10.3-fold (CAB-13). Subsequent gas exchange measurements further supported increased carbon assimilation through higher level of internal CO2 concentration (Ci), stomatal conductance (gs) and transpiration rate (E) in high-oil content palms. The selection for higher expression of key photosynthesis genes together with CO2 assimilation under low light is likely to be important for crop improvement, in particular at full maturity and under high density planting regimes where light competition exists between palms.
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33
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Transcriptome Analysis of Diurnal Gene Expression in Chinese Cabbage. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10020130. [PMID: 30754711 PMCID: PMC6409912 DOI: 10.3390/genes10020130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants have developed timing mechanisms that enable them to maintain synchrony with daily environmental events. These timing mechanisms, i.e., circadian clocks, include transcriptional/translational feedback loops that drive 24 h transcriptional rhythms, which underlie oscillations in protein abundance, thus mediating circadian rhythms of behavior, physiology, and metabolism. Circadian clock genes have been investigated in the diploid model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Crop plants with polyploid genomes—such as Brassica species—have multiple copies of some clock-related genes. Over the last decade, numerous studies have been aimed at identifying and understanding the function of paralogous genes with conserved sequences, or those that diverged during evolution. Brassica rapa’s triplicate genomes retain sequence-level collinearity with Arabidopsis. In this study, we used RNA sequencing (RNAseq) to profile the diurnal transcriptome of Brassica rapa seedlings. We identified candidate paralogs of circadian clock-related genes and assessed their expression levels. These genes and their related traits that modulate the diurnal rhythm of gene expression contribute to the adaptation of crop cultivars. Our findings will contribute to the mechanistic study of circadian clock regulation inherent in polyploidy genome crops, which differ from those of model plants, and thus will be useful for future breeding studies using clock genes.
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Johansson M, Köster T. On the move through time - a historical review of plant clock research. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2019; 21 Suppl 1:13-20. [PMID: 29607587 DOI: 10.1111/plb.12729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The circadian clock is an important regulator of growth and development that has evolved to help organisms to anticipate the predictably occurring events on the planet, such as light-dark transitions, and adapt growth and development to these. This review looks back in history on how knowledge about the endogenous biological clock has been acquired over the centuries, with a focus on discoveries in plants. Key findings at the physiological, genetic and molecular level are described and the role of the circadian clock in important molecular processes is reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Johansson
- RNA Biology and Molecular Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - T Köster
- RNA Biology and Molecular Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
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35
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Kamrani YY, Matsuo T, Mittag M, Minagawa J. ROC75 is an Attenuator for the Circadian Clock that Controls LHCSR3 Expression. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 59:2602-2607. [PMID: 30184184 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcy179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Strong light intensity leads to harmful overexcitation of the photosystems in green algae. In Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, LHCSR3 is required for the rapid protective response known as energy-dependent quenching (qE). Because the majority of photoacclimation analysis has been conducted under controlled laboratory conditions, physiological responses to natural environmental changes such as light/dark cycles have not been examined in detail. Regarding fitness in higher plants and microalgae, light-dark cycles represent a major Zeitgeber for synchronizing the circadian clock to multiple physiological responses, yet there is little consensus with respect to the clock response to high-intensity light in photosynthetic organisms. In a previous study, 105 circadian rhythm insertional mutants were isolated as rhythm of chloroplast (roc) mutants. Here, we report our characterization of the roc75 mutant, which exhibited a significantly higher qE value and LHCSR3 protein accumulation when grown under red light. We performed transcript analysis of ROC75 in the pcry (plant-cryptochrome) and phot mutants and found that only the former accumulated lower levels of ROC75 mRNA, suggesting that the blue light photoreceptor pCRY positively regulates ROC75. However, the degradation of pCRY by high-light exposure contributes to prevent over-accumulation of ROC75, which in turn facilitates the PHOT mediated main activation pathway for LHCSR3. Furthermore, LHCSR3 mRNA exhibited a circadian rhythm, though its basal expression level in the roc75 mutant was higher than that in WT. We therefore conclude that ROC75 acts as an attenuator of the circadian clock to control LHCSR3 expression with blue and red light as stimuli for attenuation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousef Yari Kamrani
- Division of Environmental Photobiology, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Aichi, Japan
- Department of Basic Biology, School of Life Science, Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Okazaki, Aichi, Japan
| | - Takuya Matsuo
- Center for Gene Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Maria Mittag
- Matthias Schleiden Institute of Genetics, Bioinformatics and Molecular Botany, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | - Jun Minagawa
- Division of Environmental Photobiology, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Aichi, Japan
- Department of Basic Biology, School of Life Science, Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Okazaki, Aichi, Japan
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36
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Litthauer S, Chan KX, Jones MA. 3'-Phosphoadenosine 5'-Phosphate Accumulation Delays the Circadian System. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 176:3120-3135. [PMID: 29487119 PMCID: PMC5884616 DOI: 10.1104/pp.17.01611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The circadian system optimizes cellular responses to stress, but the signaling pathways that convey the metabolic consequences of stress into this molecular timekeeping mechanism remain unclear. Redox regulation of the SAL1 phosphatase during abiotic stress initiates a signaling pathway from chloroplast to nucleus by regulating the accumulation of a metabolite, 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphate (PAP). Consequently, PAP accumulates in response to redox stress and inhibits the activity of exoribonucleases (XRNs) in the nucleus and cytosol. We demonstrated that osmotic stress induces a lengthening of circadian period and that genetically inducing the SAL1-PAP-XRN pathway in plants lacking either SAL1 or XRNs similarly delays the circadian system. Exogenous application of PAP was also sufficient to extend circadian period. Thus, SAL1-PAP-XRN signaling likely regulates circadian rhythms in response to redox stress. Our findings exemplify how two central processes in plants, molecular timekeeping and responses to abiotic stress, can be interlinked to regulate gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne Litthauer
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, Essex CO4 3SQ, United Kingdom
| | - Kai Xun Chan
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Matthew Alan Jones
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, Essex CO4 3SQ, United Kingdom
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37
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Guadagno CR, Ewers BE, Weinig C. Circadian Rhythms and Redox State in Plants: Till Stress Do Us Part. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:247. [PMID: 29556244 PMCID: PMC5844964 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
A growing body of evidence demonstrates a significant relationship between cellular redox state and circadian rhythms. Each day these two vital components of plant biology influence one another, dictating the pace for metabolism and physiology. Diverse environmental stressors can disrupt this condition and, although plant scientists have made significant progress in re-constructing functional networks of plant stress responses, stress impacts on the clock-redox crosstalk is poorly understood. Inter-connected phenomena such as redox state and metabolism, internal and external environments, cellular homeostasis and rhythms can impede predictive understanding of coordinated regulation of plant stress response. The integration of circadian clock effects into predictive network models is likely to increase final yield and better predict plant responses to stress. To achieve such integrated understanding, it is necessary to consider the internal clock not only as a gatekeeper of environmental responses but also as a target of stress syndromes. Using chlorophyll fluorescence as a reliable and high-throughput probe of stress coupled to functional genomics and metabolomics will provide insights on the crosstalk across a wide range of stress severity and duration, including potential insights into oxidative stress response and signaling. We suggest the efficiency of photosystem II in light conditions (Fv'/Fm') to be the most dynamic of the fluorescence variables and therefore the most reliable parameter to follow the stress response from early sensing to mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brent E. Ewers
- Department of Botany, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, United States
- Program in Ecology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, United States
| | - Cynthia Weinig
- Department of Botany, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, United States
- Program in Ecology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, United States
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Life Sciences, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, United States
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38
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Harding SA, Hu H, Nyamdari B, Xue LJ, Naran R, Tsai CJ. Tubulins, rhythms and cell walls in poplar leaves: it's all in the timing. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 38:397-408. [PMID: 28927239 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpx104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Plant cell walls exhibit architectural and compositional changes throughout their development and in response to external cues. While tubulins are involved in cell wall biogenesis, much remains unknown about the scope of their involvement during the orchestration of this resource-demanding process. A transgenic approach coupled with cell wall compositional analysis, RNA-seq and mining of publicly available diurnal gene expression data was used to assess the involvement of tubulins in poplar leaf cell wall biogenesis. Leaf cell walls of transgenic poplar lines with constitutive overexpression of α-tubulin (TUA) exhibited an increased abundance of homogalacturonan, along with a reduction in xylose. These changes were traced to altered expression of UDP-glucuronic acid decarboxylase (GADC) in the transgenic leaves. A model is postulated by which altered diurnal control of TUA through its constitutive overexpression led to a metabolic tradeoff affecting cellular utilization of GADC substrate UDP-glucuronic acid. While there were no effects on cellulose, hemicellulose or lignin abundance, subtle effects on hemicellulose composition and associated gene expression were noted. In addition, expression and enzymatic activity of pectin methylesterase (PME) decreased in the transgenic leaves. The change is discussed in a context of increased levels of PME substrate homogalacturonan, slow stomatal kinetics and the fate of PME product methanol. Since stomatal opening and closing depend on fundamentally contrasting microtubule dynamics, the slowing of both processes in the transgenic lines as previously reported appears to be directly related to underlying cell wall compositional changes that were caused by tubulin manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott A Harding
- Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
- Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Hao Hu
- Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
- Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
- Department of Plant Biology, Ecology & Evolution, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Batbayar Nyamdari
- Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
- Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Liang-Jiao Xue
- Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
- Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Radnaa Naran
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Chung-Jui Tsai
- Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
- Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
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39
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Sosa Alderete LG, Guido ME, Agostini E, Mas P. Identification and characterization of key circadian clock genes of tobacco hairy roots: putative regulatory role in xenobiotic metabolism. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:1597-1608. [PMID: 29098590 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0579-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The circadian clock is an endogenous system that allows organisms to daily adapt and optimize their physiology and metabolism. We studied the key circadian clock gene (CCG) orthologs in Nicotiana tabacum seedlings and in hairy root cultures (HRC). Putative genes involved in the metabolism of xenobiotic compounds (MXC) were selected and their expression profiles were also analyzed. Seedlings and HRC displayed similar diurnal variations in the expression profiles for the CCG examined under control conditions (CC). MXC-related genes also showed daily fluctuations with specific peaks of expression. However, when HRC were under phenol treatment (PT), the expression patterns of the clock and MXC-related genes were significantly affected. In 2-week-old HRC, PT downregulated the expression of NtLHY, NtTOC1, and NtPRR9 while NtFKF1 and NtGI genes were upregulated by phenol. In 3-week-old HRC, PT also downregulated the expression of all CCG analyzed and NtTOC1 was the most affected. Following PT, the expression of the MXC-related genes was upregulated or displayed an anti-phasic expression profile compared to the expression under CC. Our studies thus provide a glimpse of the circadian expression of clock genes in tobacco and the use of HRC as a convenient system to study plant responses to xenobiotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas G Sosa Alderete
- Department of Molecular Biology, UNRC, Río Cuarto, Argentina.
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina.
| | | | - Elizabeth Agostini
- Department of Molecular Biology, UNRC, Río Cuarto, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Paloma Mas
- Center for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), Barcelona, Spain
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
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40
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Oakenfull RJ, Davis SJ. Shining a light on the Arabidopsis circadian clock. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2017; 40:2571-2585. [PMID: 28732105 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Revised: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The circadian clock provides essential timing information to ensure optimal growth to prevailing external environmental conditions. A major time-setting mechanism (zeitgeber) in clock synchronization is light. Differing light wavelengths, intensities, and photoperiodic duration are processed for the clock-setting mechanism. Many studies on light-input pathways to the clock have focused on Arabidopsis thaliana. Photoreceptors are specific chromic proteins that detect light signals and transmit this information to the central circadian oscillator through a number of different signalling mechanisms. The most well-characterized clock-mediating photoreceptors are cryptochromes and phytochromes, detecting blue, red, and far-red wavelengths of light. Ultraviolet and shaded light are also processed signals to the oscillator. Notably, the clock reciprocally generates rhythms of photoreceptor action leading to so-called gating of light responses. Intermediate proteins, such as Phytochrome interacting factors (PIFs), constitutive photomorphogenic 1 (COP1) and EARLY FLOWERING 3 (ELF3), have been established in signalling pathways downstream of photoreceptor activation. However, the precise details for these signalling mechanisms are not fully established. This review highlights both historical and recent efforts made to understand overall light input to the oscillator, first looking at how each wavelength of light is detected, this is then related to known input mechanisms and their interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Seth J Davis
- Department of Biology, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
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41
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Ganesan M, Lee HY, Kim JI, Song PS. Development of transgenic crops based on photo-biotechnology. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2017; 40:2469-2486. [PMID: 28010046 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The phenotypes associated with plant photomorphogenesis such as the suppressed shade avoidance response and de-etiolation offer the potential for significant enhancement of crop yields. Of many light signal transducers and transcription factors involved in the photomorphogenic responses of plants, this review focuses on the transgenic overexpression of the photoreceptor genes at the uppermost stream of the signalling events, particularly phytochromes, crytochromes and phototropins as the transgenes for the genetic engineering of crops with improved harvest yields. In promoting the harvest yields of crops, the photoreceptors mediate the light regulation of photosynthetically important genes, and the improved yields often come with the tolerance to abiotic stresses such as drought, salinity and heavy metal ions. As a genetic engineering approach, the term photo-biotechnology has been coined to convey the idea that the greater the photosynthetic efficiency that crop plants can be engineered to possess, the stronger the resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Development of GM crops based on photoreceptor transgenes (mainly phytochromes, crytochromes and phototropins) is reviewed with the proposal of photo-biotechnology that the photoreceptors mediate the light regulation of photosynthetically important genes, and the improved yields often come with the added benefits of crops' tolerance to environmental stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markkandan Ganesan
- Subtropical Horticulture Research Institute and Faculty of Biotechnology, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, Korea
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, 700073, India
| | - Hyo-Yeon Lee
- Subtropical Horticulture Research Institute and Faculty of Biotechnology, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, Korea
| | - Jeong-Il Kim
- Department of Biotechnology and Kumho Life Science Laboratory, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Korea
| | - Pill-Soon Song
- Subtropical Horticulture Research Institute and Faculty of Biotechnology, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, Korea
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42
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Bian S, Jin D, Li R, Xie X, Gao G, Sun W, Li Y, Zhai L, Li X. Genome-Wide Analysis of CCA1-Like Proteins in Soybean and Functional Characterization of GmMYB138a. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E2040. [PMID: 28937654 PMCID: PMC5666722 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18102040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 09/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant CIRCADIAN CLOCK ASSOCIATED1 (CCA1)-like proteins are a class of single-repeat MYELOBLASTOSIS ONCOGENE (MYB) transcription factors generally featured by a highly conserved motif SHAQK(Y/F)F, which play important roles in multiple biological processes. Soybean is an important grain legume for seed protein and edible vegetable oil. However, essential understandings regarding CCA1-like proteins are very limited in soybean. In this study, 54 CCA1-like proteins were identified by data mining of soybean genome. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that soybean CCA1-like subfamily showed evolutionary conservation and diversification. These CCA1-like genes displayed tissue-specific expression patterns, and analysis of genomic organization and evolution revealed 23 duplicated gene pairs. Among them, GmMYB138a was chosen for further investigation. Our protein-protein interaction studies revealed that GmMYB138a, but not its alternatively spliced isoform, interacts with a 14-3-3 protein (GmSGF14l). Although GmMYB138a was predominately localized in nucleus, the resulting complex of GmMYB138a and GmSGF14l was almost evenly distributed in nucleus and cytoplasm, supporting that 14-3-3s interact with their clients to alter their subcellular localization. Additionally, qPCR analysis suggested that GmMYB138a and GmSGF14l synergistically or antagonistically respond to drought, cold and salt stresses. Our findings will contribute to future research in regard to functions of soybean CCA1-like subfamily, especially regulatory mechanisms of GmMYB138a in response to abiotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Donghao Jin
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Ruihua Li
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Xin Xie
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Guoli Gao
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Weikang Sun
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Yuejia Li
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Lulu Zhai
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Xuyan Li
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
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43
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Shin J, Sánchez-Villarreal A, Davis AM, Du SX, Berendzen KW, Koncz C, Ding Z, Li C, Davis SJ. The metabolic sensor AKIN10 modulates the Arabidopsis circadian clock in a light-dependent manner. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2017; 40:997-1008. [PMID: 28054361 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Plants generate rhythmic metabolism during the repetitive day/night cycle. The circadian clock produces internal biological rhythms to synchronize numerous metabolic processes such that they occur at the required time of day. Metabolism conversely influences clock function by controlling circadian period and phase and the expression of core-clock genes. Here, we show that AKIN10, a catalytic subunit of the evolutionarily conserved key energy sensor sucrose non-fermenting 1 (Snf1)-related kinase 1 (SnRK1) complex, plays an important role in the circadian clock. Elevated AKIN10 expression led to delayed peak expression of the circadian clock evening-element GIGANTEA (GI) under diurnal conditions. Moreover, it lengthened clock period specifically under light conditions. Genetic analysis showed that the clock regulator TIME FOR COFFEE (TIC) is required for this effect of AKIN10. Taken together, we propose that AKIN10 conditionally works in a circadian clock input pathway to the circadian oscillator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieun Shin
- Department of Plant Developmental Biology, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, 50829, Germany
| | - Alfredo Sánchez-Villarreal
- Department of Plant Developmental Biology, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, 50829, Germany
- Colegio de Postgraduados campus Campeche, Campeche, 24750, Mexico
| | - Amanda M Davis
- Department of Plant Developmental Biology, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, 50829, Germany
- Department of Biology, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Shen-Xiu Du
- Department of Plant Developmental Biology, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, 50829, Germany
| | - Kenneth W Berendzen
- Zentrum für Molekularbiologie der Pflanzen, Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, 72076, Germany
| | - Csaba Koncz
- Department of Plant Developmental Biology, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, 50829, Germany
| | - Zhaojun Ding
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Cuiling Li
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Seth J Davis
- Department of Plant Developmental Biology, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, 50829, Germany
- Department of Biology, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
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Abstract
Circadian clocks are molecular timekeepers that synchronise internal physiological processes with the external environment by integrating light and temperature stimuli. As in other eukaryotic organisms, circadian rhythms in plants are largely generated by an array of nuclear transcriptional regulators and associated co-regulators that are arranged into a series of interconnected molecular loops. These transcriptional regulators recruit chromatin-modifying enzymes that adjust the structure of the nucleosome to promote or inhibit DNA accessibility and thus guide transcription rates. In this review, we discuss the recent advances made in understanding the architecture of the
Arabidopsis oscillator and the chromatin dynamics that regulate the generation of rhythmic patterns of gene expression within the circadian clock.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Ronald
- Department of Biology, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Seth J Davis
- Department of Biology, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
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A photoperiod-responsive protein compendium and conceptual proteome roadmap outline in maize grown in growth chambers with controlled conditions. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0174003. [PMID: 28399169 PMCID: PMC5388471 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0174003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Maize (Zea mays L.) is one of the major staple food crops of the world. However, high photoperiod sensitivity, especially for tropical germplasms, impedes attempts to improve maize agronomical traits by integration of tropical and temperate maize germplasms. Physiological and phenotypic responses of maize to photoperiod have widely been investigated based on multi-site field observations; however, proteome-based responsive mechanisms under controlled photoperiod regimes, nutrient and moisture soils are not yet well understood. In the present study, we sequenced and analyzed six proteomes of tropically-adapted and photoperiod-sensitive M9 inbred line at the vegetative 3 stage and proteomes from tropically-adapted and photoperiod-sensitive Shuang M9 (SM9) inbred line at the vegetative-tasseling stage. All plants were grown in growth chambers with controlled soil and temperature and three photoperiod regimes, a short photoperiod (SP) of 10 h light/14 h dark, a control neutral photoperiod (NP) of 12 h light/12 h dark, and a long photoperiod (LP) of 16 h light/8 h dark for a daily cycle. We identified 4,395 proteins of which 401 and 425 differentially-expressed proteins (DPs) were found in abundance in M9 leaves and in SM9 leaves as per SP/LP vs. NP, respectively. Some DPs showed responses to both SP and LP while some only responded to either SP or LP, depending on M9 or SM9. Our study showed that the photoperiodic response pathway, circadian clock rhythm, and high light density/intensity crosstalk with each other, but apparently differ from dark signaling routes. Photoperiod response involves light-responsive or dark-responsive proteins or both. The DPs positioned on the signaling routes from photoperiod changes to RNA/DNA responses involve the mago nashi homolog and glycine-rich RNA-binding proteins. Moreover, the cell-to-cell movement of ZCN14 through plasmodesmata is likely blocked under a 16-h-light LP. Here, we propose a photoperiodic model based on our findings and those from previous studies.
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Kiełbowicz-Matuk A, Czarnecka J, Banachowicz E, Rey P, Rorat T. Solanum tuberosum ZPR1 encodes a light-regulated nuclear DNA-binding protein adjusting the circadian expression of StBBX24 to light cycle. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2017; 40:424-440. [PMID: 27928822 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ZPR1 proteins belong to the C4-type of zinc finger coordinators known in animal cells to interact with other proteins and participate in cell growth and proliferation. In contrast, the current knowledge regarding plant ZPR1 proteins is very scarce. Here, we identify a novel potato nuclear factor belonging to this family and named StZPR1. StZPR1 is specifically expressed in photosynthetic organs during the light period, and the ZPR1 protein is located in the nuclear chromatin fraction. From modelling and experimental analyses, we reveal the StZPR1 ability to bind the circadian DNA cis motif 'CAACAGCATC', named CIRC and present in the promoter of the clock-controlled double B-box StBBX24 gene, the expression of which peaks in the middle of the day. We found that transgenic lines silenced for StZPR1 expression still display a 24 h period for the oscillation of StBBX24 expression but delayed by 4 h towards the night. Importantly, other BBX genes exhibit altered circadian regulation in these lines. Our data demonstrate that StZPR1 allows fitting of the StBBX24 circadian rhythm to the light period and provide evidence that ZPR1 is a novel clock-associated protein in plants necessary for the accurate rhythmic expression of specific circadian-regulated genes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jagoda Czarnecka
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479, Poznań, Poland
| | - Ewa Banachowicz
- Molecular Biophysics Department, Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 85, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Pascal Rey
- CEA, DRF, BIAM, Laboratoire d'Ecophysiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, F-13108, France
- CNRS, UMR 7265 Biologie Végétale & Microbiologie Environnementale, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, F-13108, France
- Aix-Marseille Université, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, F-13108, France
| | - Tadeusz Rorat
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479, Poznań, Poland
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Shao MR, Kumar Kenchanmane Raju S, Laurie JD, Sanchez R, Mackenzie SA. Stress-responsive pathways and small RNA changes distinguish variable developmental phenotypes caused by MSH1 loss. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2017; 17:47. [PMID: 28219335 PMCID: PMC5319189 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-017-0996-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Proper regulation of nuclear-encoded, organelle-targeted genes is crucial for plastid and mitochondrial function. Among these genes, MutS Homolog 1 (MSH1) is notable for generating an assortment of mutant phenotypes with varying degrees of penetrance and pleiotropy. Stronger phenotypes have been connected to stress tolerance and epigenetic changes, and in Arabidopsis T-DNA mutants, two generations of homozygosity with the msh1 insertion are required before severe phenotypes begin to emerge. These observations prompted us to examine how msh1 mutants contrast according to generation and phenotype by profiling their respective transcriptomes and small RNA populations. RESULTS Using RNA-seq, we analyze pathways that are associated with MSH1 loss, including abiotic stresses such as cold response, pathogen defense and immune response, salicylic acid, MAPK signaling, and circadian rhythm. Subtle redox and environment-responsive changes also begin in the first generation, in the absence of strong phenotypes. Using small RNA-seq we further identify miRNA changes, and uncover siRNA trends that indicate modifications at the chromatin organization level. In all cases, the magnitude of changes among protein-coding genes, transposable elements, and small RNAs increases according to generation and phenotypic severity. CONCLUSION Loss of MSH1 is sufficient to cause large-scale regulatory changes in pathways that have been individually linked to one another, but rarely described all together within a single mutant background. This study enforces the recognition of organelles as critical integrators of both internal and external cues, and highlights the relationship between organelle and nuclear regulation in fundamental aspects of plant development and stress signaling. Our findings also encourage further investigation into potential connections between organelle state and genome regulation vis-á-vis small RNA feedback.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mon-Ray Shao
- Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE USA
| | | | - John D. Laurie
- Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE USA
- Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Robersy Sanchez
- Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE USA
| | - Sally A. Mackenzie
- Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE USA
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Zhu X, Chen J, Qiu K, Kuai B. Phytohormone and Light Regulation of Chlorophyll Degradation. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1911. [PMID: 29163624 PMCID: PMC5681529 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Degreening, due to the net loss of chlorophyll (Chl), is the most prominent symptom during the processes of leaf senescence, fruit ripening, and seed maturation. Over the last decade or so, extensive identifications of Chl catabolic genes (CCGs) have led to the revelation of the biochemical pathway of Chl degradation. As such, exploration of the regulatory mechanism of the degreening process is greatly facilitated. During the past few years, substantial progress has been made in elucidating the regulation of Chl degradation, particularly via the mediation of major phytohormones' signaling. Intriguingly, ethylene and abscisic acid's signaling have been demonstrated to interweave with light signaling in mediating the regulation of Chl degradation. In this review, we briefly summarize this progress, with an effort on providing a framework for further investigation of multifaceted and hierarchical regulations of Chl degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Fudan Center for Genetic Diversity and Designing Agriculture, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, Institute of Biodiversity Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junyi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Fudan Center for Genetic Diversity and Designing Agriculture, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, Institute of Biodiversity Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Fudan Center for Genetic Diversity and Designing Agriculture, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, Institute of Biodiversity Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Benke Kuai
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Fudan Center for Genetic Diversity and Designing Agriculture, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, Institute of Biodiversity Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Benke Kuai
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Prieto-Benítez S, Dötterl S, Giménez-Benavides L. Circadian rhythm of a Silene species favours nocturnal pollination and constrains diurnal visitation. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2016; 118:907-918. [PMID: 27451986 PMCID: PMC5055817 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcw136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Revised: 04/24/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Background and Aims Traits related to flower advertisement and reward sometimes vary in a circadian way, reflecting phenotypic specialization. However, specialized flowers are not necessarily restricted to specialized pollinators. This is the case of most Silene species, typically associated with diurnal or nocturnal syndromes of pollination but usually showing complex suites of pollinators. Methods A Silene species with mixed floral features between diurnal and nocturnal syndromes was used to test how petal opening, nectar production, scent emission and pollination success correlate in a circadian rhythm, and whether this is influenced by environmental conditions. The effect of diurnal and nocturnal visitation rates on plant reproductive success is also explored in three populations, including the effect of the pollinating seed predator Hadena sancta. Key Results The result showed that repeated petal opening at dusk was correlated with nectar secretion and higher scent production during the night. However, depending on environmental conditions, petals remain opened for a while in the morning, when nectar and pollen still were available. Pollen deposition was similarly effective at night and in the morning, but less effective in the afternoon. These results were consistent with field studies. Conclusions The circadian rhythm regulating floral attractiveness and reward in S. colorata is predominantly adapted to nocturnal flower visitors. However, favourable environmental conditions lengthen the optimal daily period of flower attraction and pollination towards morning. This allows the complementarity of day and night pollination. Diurnal pollination may help to compensate the plant reproductive success when nocturnal pollinators are scarce and when the net outcome of H. sancta shifts from mutualism to parasitism. These results suggest a functional mechanism explaining why the supposed nocturnal syndrome of many Silene species does not successfully predict their pollinator guilds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Prieto-Benítez
- Departamento de Biología y Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos-ESCET, C/ Tulipán, s/n. 28933-Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - Stefan Dötterl
- Department of Ecology & Evolution, Plant Ecology, University of Salzburg, Hellbrunnerstr. 34, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Luis Giménez-Benavides
- Departamento de Biología y Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos-ESCET, C/ Tulipán, s/n. 28933-Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
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Kim JA, Jung HE, Hong JK, Hermand V, Robertson McClung C, Lee YH, Kim JY, Lee SI, Jeong MJ, Kim J, Yun D, Kim W. Reduction of GIGANTEA expression in transgenic Brassica rapa enhances salt tolerance. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2016; 35:1943-54. [PMID: 27295265 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-016-2008-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Here we report the enhancement of tolerance to salt stress in Brassica rapa (Chinese cabbage) through the RNAi-mediated reduction of GIGANTEA ( GI ) expression. Circadian clocks integrate environmental signals with internal cues to coordinate diverse physiological outputs. The GIGANTEA (GI) gene was first discovered due to its important contribution to photoperiodic flowering and has since been shown to be a critical component of the plant circadian clock and to contribute to multiple environmental stress responses. We show that the GI gene in Brassica rapa (BrGI) is similar to Arabidopsis GI in terms of both expression pattern and function. BrGI functionally rescued the late-flowering phenotype of the Arabidopsis gi-201 loss-of-function mutant. RNAi-mediated suppression of GI expression in Arabidopsis Col-0 and in the Chinese cabbage, B. rapa DH03, increased tolerance to salt stress. Our results demonstrate that the molecular functions of GI described in Arabidopsis are conserved in B. rapa and suggest that manipulation of gene expression through RNAi and transgenic overexpression could enhance tolerance to abiotic stresses and thus improve agricultural crop production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin A Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, 370, Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Wansan-gu, Jeollabuk-do, Jeonju-si, 560-500, Korea.
| | - Ha-Eun Jung
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, 370, Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Wansan-gu, Jeollabuk-do, Jeonju-si, 560-500, Korea
| | - Joon Ki Hong
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, 370, Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Wansan-gu, Jeollabuk-do, Jeonju-si, 560-500, Korea
| | - Victor Hermand
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, 03755-3563, USA
| | - C Robertson McClung
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, 03755-3563, USA
| | - Yeon-Hee Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, 370, Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Wansan-gu, Jeollabuk-do, Jeonju-si, 560-500, Korea
| | - Joo Yeol Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, 370, Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Wansan-gu, Jeollabuk-do, Jeonju-si, 560-500, Korea
| | - Soo In Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, 370, Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Wansan-gu, Jeollabuk-do, Jeonju-si, 560-500, Korea
| | - Mi-Jeong Jeong
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, 370, Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Wansan-gu, Jeollabuk-do, Jeonju-si, 560-500, Korea
| | - Jungsun Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, 370, Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Wansan-gu, Jeollabuk-do, Jeonju-si, 560-500, Korea
| | - DaeJin Yun
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Graduate School of Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-701, South Korea
| | - WeoYeon Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), PMBBRC & IALS, Graduate School of Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 660-701, South Korea.
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