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Fofie Tedongmo AD, Mvondo MA. Allium ampeloprasum var. Porrum (Alliaceae) Improves Metabolic and Reproductive Disorders Associated with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Wistar Rats. Biochem Res Int 2024; 2024:8364343. [PMID: 38283184 PMCID: PMC10817811 DOI: 10.1155/2024/8364343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
To provide scientific evidence of the efficacy of Allium ampeloprasum against female infertility, the effects of the aqueous extract of the said plant (AE) were evaluated in rats with letrozole-induced polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). AE was administered orally to PCOS rats at doses of 192, 384, and 768 mg/kg. The positive control was co-treated with clomiphene citrate (1 mg/kg) and metformin (200 mg/kg). Normal and negative controls received distilled water. The vaginal contents of rats were examined daily under a microscope before (7 days) and during treatment. Treatments were administered orally for 15 days, and then, 6 rats from each group were sacrificed for biochemical and histological analyses. The remaining rats were mated with males of proven fertility for 5 days. The daily examination of vaginal smears allowed the evaluation of fertility index. After parturition, additional fertility parameters were determined. Results showed that in PCOS rats, AE decreased body weight (p < 0.001), abdominal fat weight (p < 0.001), serum levels of LH (p < 0.001), testosterone (p < 0.001), total cholesterol (p < 0.05), and LDL cholesterol (p < 0.01). HDL cholesterol increased and atherogenic indices decreased (p < 0.001). The number of Graafian follicles and corpora lutea increased, while cystic (p < 0.001) and atretic (p < 0.05) follicles decreased. AE also decreased oxidative stress in the ovaries, restored the estrous cycle, induced uterine epithelial cell hypertrophy, and improved fertility. These effects were attributed to phenols, flavonoids, terpenoids, and anthocyanins present in AE. The overall results justify the traditional use of A. ampeloprasum against female infertility and suggest its potential use as a dietary supplement for PCOS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marie Alfrede Mvondo
- Research Unit of Animal Physiology and Phytopharmacology, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
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Abdullahi MA, Oyinloye EO, Alabi A, Aderinola AA, Ogunjimi LO, Omoloye AA, Odusote AA, Olusola JO, Adebayo OO, Olooto WE. Toxicological evaluation of hydroethanol leaf extract of Pupalia lappacea (Linn.) Juss. (Amaranthaceae) in rodents. Drug Metab Pers Ther 2022; 37:201-217. [PMID: 35737300 DOI: 10.1515/dmpt-2021-0115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Several studies have established the ethnobotanical benefits of Pupalia lappacea (PL) in laboratory animals without extensive toxicological evaluation of its safety profiles. Thus, an extensive toxicological investigation of sub-chronic oral administration of the hydroethanol leaf extract of P. lappacea in rodents was carried out in this study. METHODS Different groups of rats were treated orally with the extract (10, 50 and 250 mg/kg) daily for 90 consecutive days. The control group received distilled water (10 mL/kg). After 90 days, some rats were left for additional 30 days without treatment for reversibility study. Blood and organs samples were collected for different evaluations at the end of study periods. RESULTS The extract decreased the bodyweights, feeding and water intakes in female rats. PL increased the weights of the liver and kidney in male rats. PL increased the red blood cell (RBC), packed cell volume (PCV), hemoglobin (Hb), triglycerides (TRIG), cholesterol and high density lipoprotein (HDL) contents in rats. PL (250 mg/kg) significantly reduced the sperm motility and serum testosterone level. Cyto-architectural distortions of the testes, liver and spleen were visible. CONCLUSIONS The findings showed that P. lappacea is relatively safe at lower doses but cautions should be taken at higher dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murtala Akanji Abdullahi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo College of Health Sciences, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Elijah Oladapo Oyinloye
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo College of Health Sciences, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Akinyinka Alabi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo College of Health Sciences, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Aderonke Adeyinka Aderinola
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo College of Health Sciences, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Luqman Opeyemi Ogunjimi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo College of Health Sciences, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | | | - Ayobami A Odusote
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo College of Health Sciences, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Joseph O Olusola
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo College of Health Sciences, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Oluwatosin O Adebayo
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo College of Health Sciences, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Wasiu Eniola Olooto
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo College of Health Sciences, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ogun State, Nigeria
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Neamatallah WA, Sadek KM, El-Sayed YS, Saleh EA, Khafaga AF. 2, 3-Dimethylsuccinic acid and fulvic acid attenuate lead-induced oxidative misbalance in brain tissues of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:21998-22011. [PMID: 34775563 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16359-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Lead has long been known as neurotoxic and immunotoxic heavy metal in human and animals including fish, whereas, 2, 3-dimethylsuccinic acid (DMSA) and fulvic acid (FA) are well-known biological chelators. The present investigation was carried out to assess the potential chelating and antioxidant effects of dietary supplementation with DMSA and FA against lead acetate (Pb)-induced oxidative stress in Nile tilapia, O. niloticus. One-hundred and eighty apparently healthy O. niloticus fish (30 ± 2.5 g) were allocated into six equal groups. The first group was fed on basal diet and served as control, while the second group was fed on DMSA-supplemented basal diets at levels of 30 mg/kg diet; the third group was fed on FA-supplemented basal diet at level of 0.3 mg/kg diet; the forth, fifths, and sixth groups were exposed to 14.4 mg Pb /L water (1/10 LC50) and feed on basal diet only, basal diet supplemented with DMSA (0.3 mg/kg diet), or basal diet supplemented with FA (0.3 mg/kg diet), respectively. Antioxidant and lipid peroxidative status, activity of glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) as well as the histopathologic findings were evaluated in brain tissues, while the Pb residues were evaluated in liver, muscles, and brain tissues. The results of the present study showed that DMSA and FA decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) and Pb residue in tissues of Pb-exposed fish and improved the histologic picture and brain contents of glutathione (GSH), glutathione-s-transferase (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), G6PD, LDH, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). It could be concluded that DMSA and FA supplementation exhibited potential neuroprotective effect against Pb-induced oxidative brain damages in O. niloticus through improvement of antioxidant status of the brain tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wesam A Neamatallah
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, Egypt
| | - Kadry M Sadek
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, Egypt
| | - Yasser S El-Sayed
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, Egypt
| | - Ebeed A Saleh
- Department of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damahour, 22511, Egypt
| | - Asmaa F Khafaga
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Edfina, 22758, Egypt.
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Molecular networking-assisted flavonoid profile of Gypsophila glomerata extract in relation to its protective effects on carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatorenal damage in rats. ACTA PHARMACEUTICA (ZAGREB, CROATIA) 2022; 72:59-77. [PMID: 36651524 DOI: 10.2478/acph-2022-0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to provide an in-depth characterization of the methanol-aqueous extract from the aerial parts of Gypsophila glomerata Pall. Ex Adams (Caryophyllaceae) (EGG) and to assess its protective potential on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver and kidney damage in male Wistar rats. Twenty-two flavonoid C-, O- and C,O--glycosides in EGG were annotated by mass spectrometry--based molecular networking; nine of them are reported in this species for the first time. Fourteen-day oral administration of EGG at a dose 200 mg kg-1 bm prevented significantly CCl4-induced liver injury, discerned by an amelioration of the markers of oxidative stress (GSH and MDA) and transaminase activity. EGG decreased the serum level of urea and creatinine as well. The observed improvement of biochemical parameters was supported by histopathological observations. The protective hepatorenal effects of EGG, rich in 2"-О-pentosyl-6-С-hexosyl-apigenin/luteolin/ methylluteolin and their acetyl- and methoxycinnamoyl-derivatives, were comparable with the effects of the positive control silymarin.
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Menkem B, Vemo BN, Tsambou MMA, Fonou TL, Dongmo NAB, Boufack JL, Chongsi MMM, Kenfack A. Therapeutic Effects of Ethanolic Extract of Polygonum limbatum meism Against Reproductive Toxicity Induced by Cadmium in Male Guinea Pigs ( Cavia porcellus). Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:736836. [PMID: 34712722 PMCID: PMC8546102 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.736836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed at evaluating the therapeutic effects of ethanolic extract of Polygonum limbatum meism (EEPLM) on the reproductive parameters of male Guinea pigs exposed to cadmium chloride. Thirty-six male guinea pigs were randomly assigned to six treatment groups (with six animals per group). Group 1 (DW) received distilled water orally; group 2 (Cd), negative control, was treated with cadmium chloride at a dose of 26.25 mg/kg body weight (bw); while group 3 (VitC), positive control, was given 26.25 mg of cadmium chloride/kg bw and 100 mg of vitamin C, and groups 4, 5, and 6 were treated, respectively, with EEPLM at doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg bw in addition to cadmium chloride (26.25 mg/kg bw). After 90 days, all animals were sacrificed, and data related to reproduction, toxicity, and oxidative stress were collected. Results revealed a significant decrease (p < 0.05) of serum levels of creatinine, urea, alanine, and aspartate amino transferases in guinea pigs treated with cadmium chloride and EEPLM compared to the negative control group (Cd). The weight of the bulbo-urethral gland was significantly (p < 0.05) decreased in animals exposed to cadmium chloride and treated with vitamin C or EEPLM compared to the negative control (Cd). Guinea pigs orally receiving cadmium chloride and EEPLM showed significantly (p < 0.05) increased motility, sperm count, spermatozoa with entire plasma membrane, and percentage of normal spermatozoa with reference to the negative control (Cd). The serum level of testosterone increased insignificantly (p > 0.05) in animals given cadmium and EEPLM compared to the negative control (Cd). Animals co-administered cadmium chloride and EEPLM recorded a significantly (p < 0.05) reduced level of MDA, activities of SOD, and total peroxidases compared to the group that received cadmium chloride (Cd) only. In conclusion, cadmium chloride induced reproductive impairments by generating oxidative stress. However, the administration of EEPLM can mitigate these adverse effects due to its antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brice Menkem
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Bertin Narcisse Vemo
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon
| | | | - Tadiesse Lavoisier Fonou
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Nguedia Arius Baulland Dongmo
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Judith Laure Boufack
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Margaret Mary Momo Chongsi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Augustave Kenfack
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
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Baulland DNA, Narcisse VB, Hervé T, Adamou M, Momo CMM, Nadège DM, Adam MTM, Ferdinand N. Influence of ethanolic extract of avocado ( Persea americana Mill.) seed flour on the estrous cycle, the serum concentrations of reproductive hormones, and the activities of oxidative stress markers in female cavies ( Cavia porcellus L.). J Adv Vet Anim Res 2021; 8:501-510. [PMID: 34722750 PMCID: PMC8520160 DOI: 10.5455/javar.2021.h540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of the ethanolic extract of avocado seed flour on the estrous cycle characteristics, the concentrations of reproductive hormones [luteinizing hormone (LH) and estradiol], and the activities of some tissues (ovarian and uterine) that are markers of oxidative stress in female guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus). MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-four female cavies with normal estrous cycles and equivalent body weights (464.25 and 71.88 gm) were randomly assigned to four groups, each with six females. The control group received 1 ml of distilled water orally, whereas the EE100, EE200, and EE400 groups received 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg bw of ethanolic extract of Persea americana seed, respectively. Following that, three consecutive estrous cycles were observed using vaginal smears. After the trial, the females were slaughtered, and blood and organs were gathered for study. RESULTS The mean duration of the estrus phase is considerably (p < 0.05) longer in group EE100 animals than in control animals. LH concentrations were substantially (p < 0.05) higher in females in group EE200 than in controls. Total cholesterol levels typically dropped in females in the extract groups, but only significantly (p < 0.05) in those in group EE100 compared to the control group. Serum estradiol levels increased considerably (p < 0.05) in treated females compared to controls. Catalase activity rose considerably (p < 0.05) in the ovaries of group EE400 when compared to the control. Superoxide dismutase activity rose considerably (p < 0.05) in the uterus of female cavies given the extract compared to the control. CONCLUSION Avocado seed ethanolic extract prolongs the estrus phase, increases estradiol and LH levels, and protects the uterus from oxidative stress in female cavies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmo Nguedia Arius Baulland
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Vemo Bertin Narcisse
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Tchoffo Hervé
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Mohamadou Adamou
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Chongsi Margaret Mary Momo
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Djuissi Motchewo Nadège
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Mahamat Tahir Markhous Adam
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Techniques, University of Adam Barka of Abéché, Abéché, Chad
| | - Ngoula Ferdinand
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
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Abdullahi MA, Oyinloye EO, Alabi A, Aderinola AA, Ogunjimi LO, Omoloye AA, Odusote AA, Olusola JO, Adebayo OO, Olooto WE. Toxicological evaluation of hydroethanol leaf extract of Pupalia lappacea (Linn.) Juss. (Amaranthaceae) in rodents. Drug Metab Pers Ther 2021; 0:dmdi-2021-0115. [PMID: 34416795 DOI: 10.1515/dmdi-2021-0115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Several studies have established the ethnobotanical benefits of Pupalia lappacea (PL) in laboratory animals without extensive toxicological evaluation of its safety profiles. Thus, an extensive toxicological investigation of sub-chronic oral administration of the hydroethanol leaf extract of P. lappacea in rodents was carried out in this study. METHODS Different groups of rats were treated orally with the extract (10, 50 and 250 mg/kg) daily for 90 consecutive days. The control group received distilled water (10 mL/kg). After 90 days, some rats were left for additional 30 days without treatment for reversibility study. Blood and organs samples were collected for different evaluations at the end of study periods. RESULTS The extract decreased the bodyweights, feeding and water intakes in female rats. PL increased the weights of the liver and kidney in male rats. PL increased the red blood cell (RBC), packed cell volume (PCV), hemoglobin (Hb), triglycerides (TRIG), cholesterol and high density lipoprotein (HDL) contents in rats. PL (250 mg/kg) significantly reduced the sperm motility and serum testosterone level. Cyto-architectural distortions of the testes, liver and spleen were visible. CONCLUSIONS The findings showed that P. lappacea is relatively safe at lower doses but cautions should be taken at higher dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murtala Akanji Abdullahi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo College of Health Sciences, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Elijah Oladapo Oyinloye
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo College of Health Sciences, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Akinyinka Alabi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo College of Health Sciences, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Aderonke Adeyinka Aderinola
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo College of Health Sciences, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Luqman Opeyemi Ogunjimi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo College of Health Sciences, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | | | - Ayobami A Odusote
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo College of Health Sciences, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Joseph O Olusola
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo College of Health Sciences, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Oluwatosin O Adebayo
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo College of Health Sciences, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Wasiu Eniola Olooto
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo College of Health Sciences, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ogun State, Nigeria
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Mvondo MA, Mzemdem Tsoplfack FI, Awounfack CF, Njamen D. The leaf aqueous extract of Myrianthus arboreus P. Beauv. (Cecropiaceae) improved letrozole-induced polycystic ovarian syndrome associated conditions and infertility in female Wistar rats. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:275. [PMID: 32917200 PMCID: PMC7488433 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-03070-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myrianthus arboreus P. Beauv. (Cecropiaceae) is a medicinal plant used to treat female infertility. The aqueous extract of M. arboreus leaves was found to improve the fertility of healthy female Wistar rats. In the present study, we proposed evaluating the effects of such an extract on an animal model of infertility caused by polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), in order to bring scientific evidence to the curative action of this plant against female infertility. METHODS Following a 21-day administration (gavage) of letrozole (1 mg/kg), animals with PCOS, indicated by overweight and an estrous cycle blocked in the diestrus phase, were co-treated with letrozole (1 mg/kg) and the aqueous extract of M. arboreus leaves at doses of 20, 110 and 200 mg/kg. The positive control received clomiphene citrate (1 mg/kg) and metformin (200 mg/kg). The negative control received distilled water. Each group of animals was made up of 10 female rats. Vaginal smear was examined 7 days before and during co-treatments. Co-treatments were orally administered for 30 consecutive days and 5 animals per group were sacrificed thereafter for biochemical and histological analyses. The 5 remaining animals in each group were crossbred with males of proven fertility for 5 consecutive days. The daily examination of vaginal smears allowed evaluating fertility index. Following parturition, gestation rate was calculated. RESULTS The aqueous extract of M. arboreus leaves reversed letrozole effects by decreasing body weight, abdominal fat accumulation, and serum levels of LH and testosterone (p < 0.001). Ovarian dynamic was improved and the number of tertiary, Graafian follicles (p < 0.001) and corpus luteum increased while that of cystic (p < 0.001) and atretic follicles (p < 0.01) decreased. These effects were associated with increased serum levels of estradiol, decreased ovarian oxidative stress, the resumption of the estrous cycle, the hypertrophy of uterine epithelial cells and increased fertility index and gestation rate. CONCLUSIONS These results justify at least in part, the traditional use of M. arboreus against female infertility and suggest that this plant could be a promising alternative treatment to improve symptoms associated with different PCOS phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Alfrede Mvondo
- Research Unit of Animal Physiology and Phytopharmacology, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon.
| | | | | | - Dieudonné Njamen
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, University of Yaounde 1, P.O. Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon
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Mustapha DS, Bawa-Allah KA. Differential toxicities of anionic and nonionic surfactants in fish. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:16754-16762. [PMID: 32130638 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08212-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the differential toxicities of anionic and nonionic surfactants commonly used as active ingredients in household cleaning agents. The acute toxicity of the surfactants against Clarias gariepinus were investigated using static bioassays while the sublethal effects on the biochemical parameters and the histopathology of liver and gills of the fish were investigated for a period of 28 days using a static renewal bioassay. The anionic surfactants were found to be more acutely toxic against the fish than the nonionic surfactants. The evaluation of the joint action toxicity of the surfactants against the test species using the concentration-addition model showed antagonistic interactions when the surfactants are present in mixtures. The two groups of surfactants also had varying degree of effects on the antioxidant stress enzymes and the liver function enzymes of the fish. However, only the anionic surfactants caused changes in the histopathology of the gills of the fish. The results obtained from this study have shown that anionic surfactants are more toxic to fish compared to nonionic surfactants. Anionic surfactants are the most commonly used surfactants in cleaning agents, there is a need for stricter regulations governing the use of this class of surfactants in cleaning agents.
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The ethanol extract of avocado [Persea americana Mill. (Lauraceae)] seeds reduced the hyperplastic effect of tamoxifen on uterine endometrium without changing its effect on the mammary gland. ADVANCES IN TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13596-020-00443-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Singh H, Kaur J, Arora R, Mannan R, Buttar HS, Arora S, Singh B. Ameliorative potential of Argyreia speciosa against CCI-induced neuropathic pain in rats: Biochemical and histopathological studies. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 249:112399. [PMID: 31733307 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hasandeep Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, India
| | - Jaspreet Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, India
| | - Rohit Arora
- Sri Guru Ram Das Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Amritsar, 143005, India
| | - Rahul Mannan
- Sri Guru Ram Das Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Amritsar, 143005, India
| | - Harpal Singh Buttar
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Ottawa, Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Saroj Arora
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, India
| | - Balbir Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, India.
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Kokanova-Nedialkova Z, Nedialkov P, Kondeva-Burdina M, Simeonova R. Hepatoprotective activity of a purified methanol extract and saponins from the roots of Chenopodium bonus-henricus L. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 74:329-337. [PMID: 31116705 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2019-0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
An ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry based profiling of a purified MeOH extract (PME) from the roots of Chenopodium bonus-henricus L. (Amaranthaceae) tentatively identified 15 saponins of six sapogenins. The PME exerts hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities comparable to those of flavonoid complex silymarin in in vitro (1 and 10 μg/mL) and in vivo (200 mg/kg/daily for 7 days) models of hepatotoxicity, induced by CCl4. The main constituents of PME, respectively saponins bonushenricoside A (1), 3-O-β-D-glucuronopyranosyl-bayogenin-28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (2), 3-O-β-D-glucuronopyranosyl-medicagenic acid-28-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl (1→4)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1→2)-α-L-arabinopyranosyl ester (3), 3-O-β-D-glucuronopyranosyl-2β-hydroxygypsogenin-28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (4), 3-O-α-L-rabinopyranosyl-bayogenin-28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (6) and bonushenricoside B (8) (3 μg/mL each), compared to silymarin (5 and 50 μg/mL), significantly reduced the cellular damage caused by CCl4 in rat hepatocytes, preserved cell viability and glutathione level, decreased lactate dehydrogenase leakage and reduced lipid damage. The experimental data suggest that the glycosides of phytolaccagenin, bayogenin, medicagenic acid, 2β-hydroxygypsogenin, 2β-hydroxyoleanoic acid and oleanoic acid are a promising and safe class of hepatoprotective agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zlatina Kokanova-Nedialkova
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Dunav Str., 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Paraskev Nedialkov
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Dunav Str., 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Magdalena Kondeva-Burdina
- Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Drug Toxicity, Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacotherapy and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Dunav Str., 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Rumyana Simeonova
- Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Drug Toxicity, Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacotherapy and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Dunav Str., 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria
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Guiekep AJN, Kenfack A, Ngoula F, Vemo BN, Nguemmeugne KS, Tedonkeng EP. Attenuating effects of Mangifera indica leaves ethanolic extract against acetamiprid induced reproductive toxicity in male guinea pigs. VETERINARY RESEARCH FORUM : AN INTERNATIONAL QUARTERLY JOURNAL 2019; 10:187-192. [PMID: 31737226 PMCID: PMC6828173 DOI: 10.30466/vrf.2019.95154.2292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Acetamiprid (ACP) belonging to the neonicotinoid family used against wide array of pests in agriculture and domestic purposes. In this study, we evaluated the attenuating effects of ethanolic extract of Mangifera indica leaves (EEMI) in averting reproductive toxicity caused by ACP in male guinea pigs. Thirty male guinea pigs were randomly assigned to five treatment groups (n = 6). Group 1 (T0) received distilled water orally; group 2 (T0-) was given 80 mg kg-1 of ACP and groups 3, 4 and 5 were treated, respectively, with EEMI at doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg kg-1 plus ACP. After 90 days, the reaction time, sexual organ weights, sperm count, motility and anomalies, spermatozoa with entire plasma membrane, testicular histology, serum testosterone concentration, testicular malondialdehyde (MDA) level, reduced glutathione (GSH) concentration, testicular superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities were assessed. Co-administration of EEMI significantly reduced the reaction time, sperm anomalies and testicular MDA, SOD and CAT levels compared to the T0- group. Co-treatment of EEMI significantly alleviated sperm count and motility, percentage of spermatozoa with the normal plasma membrane, serum testosterone concentration, accessory sex gland weights, and testicular GSH concentrations. The ACP treatment induced cell membrane degradation in the testis and this effect was prevented with the addition of EEMI. In conclusion, ACP negatively affected the animal reproductive function and induced oxidative stress. The addition of EEMI alleviated the toxic effects of ACP on the reproductive function of male guinea pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Augustave Kenfack
- Department of Animal Productions, Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon.
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Simeonova R, Vitcheva V, Kondeva-Burdina M, Popov G, Shkondrov A, Manov V, Krasteva I. Alcesefoliside protects against oxidative brain injury in rats. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2018.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Olaniran EI, Sogbanmu TO, Saliu JK. Biomonitoring, physico-chemical, and biomarker evaluations of abattoir effluent discharges into the Ogun River from Kara Market, Ogun State, Nigeria, using Clarias gariepinus. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2018; 191:44. [PMID: 30593602 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-018-7168-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The discharge of untreated effluents into aquatic ecosystems poses potential adverse effects to aquatic organisms. In this study, the physico-chemical characteristics of abattoir effluent from Kara Cow Market, Ogun State, Nigeria, surface water and sediments from the Ogun River were evaluated. Fish species and macrobenthic fauna diversity in the river were also examined. Acute toxicity and biochemical and histological studies were investigated in Clarias gariepinus exposed to sub-lethal concentrations of the effluent over a period of 28 days. Effluent physico-chemical parameters such as ammonia, conductivity, total dissolved solids, and total suspended solids were higher than set limits. Total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the effluent and sediment were 6.73 mg/L and 8.07 mg/kg, respectively. Tetracycline (an antibiotic administered to the cows at the market) levels in the effluent and surface water were 0.23 μg/mL and 0.85 μg/mL, respectively. Fish species diversity was lower at the test site compared to the reference site. Chironomus spp. and Tubifex tubifex dominated the benthic assemblage at the test site. There were significant changes (p < 0.05) in the biochemical indices but no histological alterations in exposed C. gariepinus after 28 days. The results demonstrate that the effluent poses potential risks to the aquatic organisms and ecosystem services provided by the river. We recommend that environmental regulatory agencies and stakeholders should establish effluent and solid wastes management systems at the market to prevent environmental and public health epidemics within the framework of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals 6 (clean water and sanitation) and 14 (life below water). Graphical abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther I Olaniran
- Ecotoxicology and Conservation Unit, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Lagos, Lagos, Akoka, 101017, Nigeria
| | - Temitope Olawunmi Sogbanmu
- Ecotoxicology and Conservation Unit, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Lagos, Lagos, Akoka, 101017, Nigeria.
| | - Joseph K Saliu
- Ecotoxicology and Conservation Unit, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Lagos, Lagos, Akoka, 101017, Nigeria
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Akindele AJ, Oludadepo GO, Amagon KI, Singh D, Osiagwu DD. Protective effect of carvedilol alone and coadministered with diltiazem and prednisolone on doxorubicin and 5-fluorouracil-induced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity in rats. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2018; 6. [PMID: 29417758 PMCID: PMC5817834 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the protective effects of carvedilol alone and coadministered with prednisolone and diltiazem on doxorubicin (DOX) and 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU)‐induced toxicity. Each of 2 pools of 70 female rats were randomly allotted into 10 groups of 7 animals each and treated as follows: Group 1: normal saline (10 mL/kg); Group 2: normal saline and DOX (40 mg/kg)/5‐FU (20 mg/kg) alone; Group 3: gallic acid (200 mg/kg) and DOX/5‐FU; Group 4: carvedilol (0.075 mg/kg) and DOX/5‐FU; Group 5: carvedilol (0.15 mg/kg) and DOX/5‐FU; Group 6: carvedilol (0.30 mg/kg) and DOX/5‐FU; Group 7: diltiazem (3.43 mg/kg) and DOX/5‐FU; Group 8: diltiazem (3.43 mg/kg), carvedilol (0.15 mg/kg), and DOX/5‐FU; Group 9: prednisolone (0.57 mg/kg) and DOX/5‐FU; and Group 10: prednisolone (0.57 mg/kg), carvedilol (0.15 mg/kg), and DOX/5‐FU. Treatments were done p.o. for 16/14 days for the DOX/5‐FU models. DOX/5‐FU was administered i.p. to the rats in Groups 2‐10 on day 14/10‐14. On day 17/15 (DOX/5‐FU), blood samples were collected, and liver and kidneys of rats were harvested for antioxidant and histopathological assessments. Carvedilol alone and coadministered with prednisolone significantly (P < .05) decreased alanine aminotransferase level compared with administration of DOX alone. Carvedilol alone and coadministered with diltiazem significantly (P < .05) decreased creatinine level compared with administration of DOX/5‐FU alone. Carvedilol alone and coadministered with diltiazem and prednisolone significantly (P < .05) increased the level of hepatic superoxide dismutase and catalase, and decreased malondialdehyde compared with DOX administration alone. Histopathological observations correlated with results of biochemical and antioxidant analyses. Carvedilol administered alone and coadministered with diltiazem and prednisolone reduced the effect of DOX/5‐FU‐induced hepatic and renal toxicities due to enhanced in vivo antioxidant activity. The protective effect was more prominent in the doxorubicin model compared with the 5‐fluorouracil test. Coadministration of carvedilol with either diltiazem or prednisolone did not show better protection relative to carvedilol alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abidemi J Akindele
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Gabriel O Oludadepo
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Kennedy I Amagon
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.,Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria
| | - Dhirendra Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, Shakambhari Institute of Higher Education and Technology, Roorkee, India
| | - Daniel D Osiagwu
- Department of Anatomic and Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
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Ferdinand N, Herman NV, Omer Bebe NK, Augustave K, Valence M, Ghislaine NT, Herve T, Dorice AK, Sorelle D, Yacouba M. Antouka Super ® induced oxidative stress and reproductive toxicity in male Japanese quail ( Coturnix coturnix japonica). Heliyon 2017; 3:e00410. [PMID: 29057334 PMCID: PMC5639044 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2017.e00410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 08/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Antouka Super® (AS), a combination of insecticide (Pirimiphos-methyl 16% and Permethrin 3%), is one of the most widely used pesticides in agriculture, public health, home and garden, with high potential for human and animal exposure. Objective The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of AS on the serum testosterone, oxidative stress biomarkers, testis histology and fertility of male Japanese quail. Methods Thirty-two (32) male Japanese quails twenty-eight (28) days were randomly divided into four groups: C0 (control), T1, T2 and T3, exposed daily (gavage) to 0, 37.5, 56.25 and 75 mg of AS/kg body weight (b.w), respectively, for 49 consecutive days and were analysed for fertility. Control and experimental male quails were cohabited, for two days, with untreated female quails and sperm positive female quail were analysed for paternal-mediated toxicity. After completion of fertility studies quails were sacrificed and analysed for reproductive endpoints. Results There was a dose dependent decrease of the relative weight of testis, epididymis and vas deferens. Additionally, testis total proteins and serum testosterone levels were decreased in AS treated quails (p < 0.05). A decrease of sperm motility, viability and concentration per vas deferens, and an increase of sperm anomalies were recorded in AS exposed quails with respect to the controls. The embryonic and post-embryonic mortality rate were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in group T3 (25.00 ± 3.40% and 31.66 ± 10.22% respectively) than in control group (6.25 ± 3.98% and 9.54 ± 3.72% respectively). The superoxide dismutase (SOD), total peroxidase (POD) and catalase activity (CAT) were significantly (p < 0.05) lower treated than control quails, while the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in groups T1, T2 and T3 (13.00 ± 0.96, 23.50 ± 1.35 and 29.08 ± 1.58 nmol/mg tissues respectively) compared to the control one (9.32 ± 0.67nmol/mg tissues). Histopathological examination of the testes of AS treated quails revealed testicular lesions characterized by moderate to severe degenerative changes of seminiferous tubules, incomplete spermatogenesis and depletion in the germ layers of seminiferous tubules in which immature spermatozoa were hardly seen. Conclusion From the above study, it can be inferred that AS (56.25 and 75) mg/kg b.w decrease body and relative organ weights and induces testicular lesions. Also, AS increases the level of MDA while it reduces the levels of enzymatic antioxidant biomarkers, serum testosterone and reproductive indices of intoxicated quails and their offspring. However, further work is needed to establish the genetic toxicology and immunohistochemistry of caspase-3 and claudin-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngoula Ferdinand
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Health, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 188, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Ngoumtsop Victor Herman
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Health, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 188, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Ngouateu Kenfack Omer Bebe
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Kenfack Augustave
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Health, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 188, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Mutwedu Valence
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Health, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 188, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Nguemmogne Tamdem Ghislaine
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Health, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 188, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Tchoffo Herve
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Health, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 188, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Azafack Kana Dorice
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Health, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 188, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Deutcheu Sorelle
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Health, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 188, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Manjeli Yacouba
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Health, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 188, Dschang, Cameroon
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Ishtiaq S, Akram M, Kamran SH, Hanif U, Afridi MSK, Sajid-ur-Rehman, Afzal A, Asif A, Younus M, Akbar S. Acute and sub-acute toxicity study of a Pakistani polyherbal formulation. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 17:387. [PMID: 28778156 PMCID: PMC5545041 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-1889-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 07/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Background Herbology is the prevailing system among the nationally-accepted alternative or complementary systems of medicine. The system is due to its general and patient-oriented methodology, is widely used in the general population exposing them to the risk of the side effects of the herbal medicines. Method The aim of study was to assess the acute and sub-acute toxicity of the polyherbal formulation Hab-e-Kabad Noshadri tablets. In the acute arm of the study, a single dose of 2000 mg/kg was administered to Swiss Albino mice which were observed for physical symptoms and behavioral changes for 72 h. In sub-acute toxicity study repeated doses of the polyherbal preparation was administered to Wistar rats of both genders, separately. The animals received three doses of polyherbal product (50 mg/kg/day, 100 mg/kg/day and 200 mg/kg/day) for a period of 28 days. On 28th day of experiment, blood sampling of animals was done for hematological and biochemical analysis i.e. liver and renal function parameters, lipid profile and then sacrificed for histopathological examination of liver and kidney. Result There was no morbidity and mortality noticed with single dose administration in acute toxicity study in mice. In sub-acute toxicity study, morphological changes with some damage in liver and kidney tissues of male and female animals were recorded at dose of 100 mg/kg/day and 200 mg/kg/day. Conclusions It was found that prolonged use at higher dose i.e. 200 mg/kg/day of this polyherbal formulation should be avoided and practitioners should cautiously prescribe this formulation in patients with hepatic and renal impairment. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12906-017-1889-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Kokanova-Nedialkova Z, Nedialkov P, Kondeva-Burdina M, Simeonova R, Tzankova V, Aluani D. Chenopodium bonus - henricus L. – A source of hepatoprotective flavonoids. Fitoterapia 2017; 118:13-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2017.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Revised: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Lazarova I, Simeonova R, Vitcheva V, Kondeva-Burdina M, Gevrenova R, Zheleva-Dimitrova D, Zengin G, Danchev ND. Hepatoprotective and antioxidant potential of Asphodeline lutea (L.) Rchb. roots extract in experimental models in vitro/in vivo. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 83:70-78. [PMID: 27470552 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Revised: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Asphodeline lutea (L.) Rchb. dry root extract (ALE) administered alone and against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver injury in vitro/in vivo. The dried roots of A. lutea were extracted with 70% ethanol and was characterized with HPLC-UV. Hepatoprotective potential was investigated by in vivo/in vitro assays in Wistar rats as well as antioxidant properties. At concentrations ranging from 10 to 200μg/mL of ALE significant cytotoxic effects on isolated hepatocytes were found. ALE showed some toxicity in Wistar rats discerned by increased ALT (Alanine transaminase), ALP (Alkaline phosphatase) activities and MDA (malondialdehyde) quantity, decreased GSH (reduced glutathione) levels without affecting the activity of the antioxidant enzymes (GPx (Gluthatione peroxidase), GR (Glutathione reductase) and GST (Glutathione-S-transferase activity)). The antioxidant and hepatoprotective potential of ALE was also observed in vitro/in vivo against CCl4-induced liver injury, where ALE normalizes all the examined parameters perturbated by CCl4 administration. In addition, ALE preserved the decreased cytochrome P450 level and EMND (Ethylmorphine-N-Demethylase) activity without affecting AH (Aniline 4-Hydroxylase) activity. ALE is rich in anthraquinones, naphthalenes and caffeic acid. The pro-oxidant effects of ALE could be due to naphthalene and anthraquinone bioactivation pathways involving toxic metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Lazarova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Dunav Str., 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Rumyana Simeonova
- Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Drug Toxicity, Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacotherapy and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Dunav Str., 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Vessela Vitcheva
- Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Drug Toxicity, Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacotherapy and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Dunav Str., 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Magdalena Kondeva-Burdina
- Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Drug Toxicity, Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacotherapy and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Dunav Str., 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Reneta Gevrenova
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Dunav Str., 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Dimitrina Zheleva-Dimitrova
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Dunav Str., 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University, Afyon-Konya Road, 42250 Konya, Turkey.
| | - Nikolay D Danchev
- Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Drug Toxicity, Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacotherapy and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Dunav Str., 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria
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Akindele AJ, Unachukwu EG, Osiagwu DD. 90 Days toxicological assessment of hydroethanolic leaf extract of Ipomoea asarifolia (Desr.) Roem. and Schult. (Convolvulaceae) in rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 174:582-594. [PMID: 25818692 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.03.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Revised: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ipomoea asarifolia (Convolvulacae), commonly known as "morning glory" is found across West Africa. Preparations of the plant are used traditionally for the treatment of diverse ailments including diabetes, neuralgia, arthritic pain and stomach ache. This study was designed to assess the safety profile of the hydroethanolic leaf extract of I. asarifolia through a 90-day subchronic toxicity study in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS I. asarifolia was administered p.o. at doses of 40, 200 and 1000mg/kg to separate groups of rats for 90 days. Distilled water was given p.o. to rats in the control group. Some set of rats in each group were left for additional 30 days without administration of the extract for reversibility study. Animals were weighed weekly and relevant parameters were assayed at the end of the main and reversibility study periods. RESULTS There was no significant change (p>0.05) in the body weight of rats, and food and water intake in I. asarifolia treated groups compared with control. I. asarifolia (40-1000 mg/kg) significantly but reversibly reduced (p<0.05, 0.001) sperm motility and count. The extract did not generally cause significant change (p>0.05) in the weight of vital organs and haematological parameters except in the case of reversible reduction in the level of haemoglobin and red blood cell count (p<0.01; 40 mg/kg). The level of biochemical parameters and electrolytes were not significantly changed (p>0.05) except for the reversible reduction in the level of aspartate aminotransferase (AST; p<0.0001; 200 and 1000 mg/kg) and increase in the level of Na(+) (p<0.01; 200 mg/kg). The level of kidney reduced glutathione (GSH) was reversibly increased (p<0.01; 1000 mg/kg) while the level of enzymatic and non-enzymatic in vivo antioxidants was generally comparable and not significantly different (p>0.05) from control in respect of all other vital organs. Histological presentations were generally normal in respect of the liver, kidneys, brain, heart, lungs, pancreas, spleen and testes. CONCLUSIONS The findings in this study suggest that the hydroethanolic leaf extract of I. asarifolia is relatively safe administered orally for an extended period with potential renal in vivo antioxidant activities. However, the extract may cause reversible male sterility, anaemia and hypernatraemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abidemi J Akindele
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics & Toxicology (PTT), Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Idi-Araba Campus, P.M.B. 12003, Lagos, Nigeria.
| | - Emeka G Unachukwu
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics & Toxicology (PTT), Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Idi-Araba Campus, P.M.B. 12003, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Daniel D Osiagwu
- Department of Anatomic and Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Idi-Araba Campus, P.M.B. 12003, Lagos, Nigeria
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Hypoglycemic, antilipidemic and antioxidant effects of valproic acid in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 762:174-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.05.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Revised: 05/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Simeonova R, Bratkov VM, Kondeva-Burdina M, Vitcheva V, Manov V, Krasteva I. Experimental liver protection of n-butanolic extract of Astragalus monspessulanus L. on carbon tetrachloride model of toxicity in rat. Redox Rep 2015; 20:145-53. [PMID: 25396696 PMCID: PMC6837432 DOI: 10.1179/1351000214y.0000000115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the hepatoprotective potential of n-butanolic extract of Astragalus monspessulanus L. (EAM) against in-vitro/in-vivo carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver damage in rats. Silymarin was used as a positive control. METHODS AND RESULTS The in-vitro experiments were carried out in primary isolated rat hepatocytes first incubated with CCl4 (86 µmol/l). Hepatic injury was discerned by a decrease in cell viability and cell glutathione (GSH) levels, an increase in lactate dehydrogenase leakage into the medium, and an elevation in malondialdehyde (MDA) quantity. Cell pre-incubation with EAM (1 µg/ml and 10 µg/ml) significantly ameliorated the CCl4-induced liver damage. In-vivo rats were challenged orally with CCl4 (10% solution in olive oil) alone and after 7 days pre-treatment with EAM (100 mg/kg body weight per day, oral gavage). CCl4 damage was judged by an increased production of MDA, depletion of cell GSH, and a decrease in cell antioxidant defense system. EAM pre-treatment normalizes the activities of the antioxidant enzymes and the levels of GSH and MDA. These data are supported by the histopathological examination. CONCLUSION These results indicate that EAM has a similar significant protective effect, in vitro and in vivo, against CCl4 induced hepatotoxicity in rat as silymarin.This may be due to its antioxidant and membrane stabilizing properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rumyana Simeonova
- Laboratory of Drug metabolism and drug toxicityDepartment of Pharmacology, Pharmacotherapy and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Viktor M. Bratkov
- Department of PharmacognosyFaculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Magdalena Kondeva-Burdina
- Laboratory of Drug metabolism and drug toxicityDepartment of Pharmacology, Pharmacotherapy and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Vessela Vitcheva
- Laboratory of Drug metabolism and drug toxicityDepartment of Pharmacology, Pharmacotherapy and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Vassil Manov
- Department of ObstetricsGynecology, Biotechnology of Reproduction, Pathological Anatomy and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Forestry, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Ilina Krasteva
- Department of PharmacognosyFaculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
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Bharati AJ, Bansal YK. Phytochemical investigation of natural and in vitro raised Vṛddhadāruka plants. Anc Sci Life 2015; 34:80-4. [PMID: 25861141 PMCID: PMC4389397 DOI: 10.4103/0257-7941.153463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Argyreia nervosa commonly known as elephant creeper (English) and Vṛddhadāruka (Sanskrit) is a woody climber that belongs to the family Convolvulaceae. Seeds of this plant contain hallucinogens including ergot alkaloids and a naturally occurring lysergic acid amide. Traditionally the plant is used in the treatment of gonorrhea, strangury, chronic ulcers, diabetes, anemia and cerebral disorders. The plant is also used as appetitiser, brain tonic, cardiotonic, aphrodisiac. It possesses anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antibacterial, antiviral and antifungal activities. Objective: To give an account of information on in vitro regeneration and phytochemical analysis of the plant. Materials and Methods: Nodal explants were selected for in vitro regeneration. Different aerial parts viz., seeds, natural and in vitro leaf, stem and callus were dried and extracted with different solvents and were subjected to various phytochemical analyses. Results: Different concentrations of 6-benzylaminopurine showed shoot and root initiation. The study of phytochemical screening of different extracts showed the presence of bioactive substances like flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, etc. Conclusion: The study will provide an efficient in vitro protocol for micropropagation as an alternative method to conserve the plant and shows the presence of some important secondary metabolites in the nature grown and in vitro raised plants which can be useful for treatment of various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asha Jyoti Bharati
- Department of Bioscience, Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory, Rani Durgavati University, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Yogendra Kumar Bansal
- Department of Bioscience, Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory, Rani Durgavati University, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India
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Amaeze NH, Adeyemi RO, Adebesin AO. Oxidative stress, heats shock protein and histopathological effects in the gills of African catfish, Clarias gariepinus induced by bridge runoffs. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2015; 187:172. [PMID: 25757832 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-015-4390-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This study assessed the level of oxidative stress and heat shock proteins (Hsp) induced in gills and liver as well as the histopathological effects in the gills of African catfish, Clarias gariepinus, exposed to runoff water from the Third Mainland Bridge, the busiest bridge in the City of Lagos, Nigeria. The runoff was sampled off the bridge drainage, and the assessment of its physicochemical characteristics in both dry and rainy season indicated a high level of chemical and biological oxygen demand, oil and grease as well as manganese. After a preliminary acute toxicity evaluation, the juveniles of C. gariepinus were exposed to 5, 10, 15, 25, 50 and 100% runoff samples for 30 days. The level of the lipid peroxidation product, malondialdehyde, was significantly different from the control and increased serially with higher concentrations of effluent exposure. There was also an inhibition in the activities of enzymes, superoxide dismutase and catalase as well as significantly lower levels of reduced glutathione after 30 days. Heat shock proteins induced in the catfishes over this period included proteases, sHsps, Hsp 40s, Hsp 60s (for all the fishes-control and exposed) and Hsp 70s (in the exposed fishes only). Histopathological assessments of the gills indicated that the major effects of the runoff exposures were mild to severe thickening and fusion of the gill lamellae, stunting of lamellae, erosion of outer epithelium, epithelial lifting, hyperplasia, oedema and aneurism. The implications of the findings in the Lagos lagoon fishes were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nnamdi H Amaeze
- Ecotoxicology and Conservation Unit, Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Lagos, Akoka-Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria,
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Obogwu MB, Akindele AJ, Adeyemi OO. Hepatoprotective and in vivo antioxidant activities of the hydroethanolic leaf extract of Mucuna pruriens (Fabaceae) in antitubercular drugs and alcohol models. Chin J Nat Med 2015; 12:273-83. [PMID: 24863352 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(14)60054-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AIM Hepatotoxicity is a significantly increasing health problem worldwide, and the extent of the problem has stimulated interest in the search for hepatotherapeutic agents from plants. This study investigated the hepatoprotective and in vivo antioxidant activities of the hydroethanolic extract of Mucuna pruriens leaves in antitubercular and alcohol-induced hepatotoxicity assays in rats. METHOD In each of the models used, seven groups were allotted. The different groups received normal saline (10 mL·kg(-1), p.o.); hepatotoxicant (isoniazid-rifampicin, INH-RIF, 100 mg·kg(-1), i.p. or 20% ethanol 5 g·kg(-1), p.o.) and normal saline (10 mL·kg(-1), p.o.); hepatotoxicant and extract at doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg·kg(-1) p.o.; hepatotoxicant and silymarin 50 mg·kg(-1) p.o.; and extract at 400 mg·kg(-1) p.o. On the 21(st) day of treatment, blood was collected for assessment of serum biochemical parameters and harvested liver samples were assessed for antioxidants. RESULTS The hepatotoxicants significantly (P < 0.05-0.001) increased the levels of alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bilirubin, and malondialdehyde (MDA); and reduced the levels of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and reduced glutathione GSH compared to control. M. pruriens significantly reversed (P < 0.05-0.001) the elevation in the level of ALT, AST, ALP, and bilirubin caused by the hepatotoxicants. The extract (200 and 400 mg·kg(-1)) significantly reversed (P < 0.05) the diminution in the level of in vivo antioxidants and increased the level of MDA produced by INH-RIF. M. pruriens (100-400 mg·kg(-1)) elicited significant reduction (P < 0.001) in the level of MDA compared to the alcohol group. Silymarin also reversed the deleterious effects of the hepatotoxicants. CONCLUSION The hydroethanolic extract of Mucuna pruriens leaves possesses hepatoprotective activity with enhancement of in vivo antioxidants as a possible mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercy B Obogwu
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, P.M.B. 12003 Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Abidemi J Akindele
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, P.M.B. 12003 Lagos, Nigeria.
| | - Olufunmilayo O Adeyemi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, P.M.B. 12003 Lagos, Nigeria
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Oladimeji-Salami JA, Akindele AJ, Adeyemi OO. Effects of ethanolic dried leaf extract of Lecaniodiscus cupanioides on antioxidant enzymes and biochemical parameters in rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 155:1603-1608. [PMID: 25111537 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.07.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Revised: 07/14/2014] [Accepted: 07/31/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Lecaniodiscus cupanioides is widely used in West African folk medicine for the treatment of inflammatory conditions, fevers and bacterial infections. AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate the potential toxic effects of the ethanolic dried leaf extract of Lecaniodiscus cupanioides (LC) on antioxidant enzymes in selected organs and biochemical parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS Crude ethanolic extract of Lecaniodiscus cupanioides dried leaves was prepared. A 90-day sub-chronic toxicity study was conducted using albino rats. Reconstituted Lecaniodiscus cupanioides was administered at a dosage of 400, 800 and 1600 mg/kg (high dose) with a control group receiving 10 ml/kg orally. Histopathological studies of major organs and blood chemistry analysis were performed on blood obtained via cardiac puncture after euthanization. Selected organs (liver, kidney and brain) were harvested for antioxidant and histopathological assessments. RESULTS The extract produced significant (p<0.05) increases in the weights of liver, kidney and brain at 800 mg/kg and 1600 mg/kg compared to the control. Biochemical analysis showed significant increase in Alanine transferase (ALT) at 800 mg/kg and 1600 mg/kg. Assay for antioxidant enzymes showed a reversible decrease in the activity of Catalase (CAT), Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Glutathione (GSH) with an increase in Malondialdehyde (MDA) at 800 mg/kg and 1600 mg/kg Lecaniodiscus cupanioides. Histopathological study showed reversible congestion in the brain, liver, and kidney at 800 mg/kg and 1600 mg/kg. CONCLUSION Findings in this study reveal that the ethanolic dried leaf extract of Lecaniodiscus cupanioides has the potential for inhibiting in vivo antioxidant enzymes activity and causing hepatotoxicity after prolonged exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Oladimeji-Salami
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Idi-araba, Lagos, Nigeria.
| | - A J Akindele
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Idi-araba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - O O Adeyemi
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Idi-araba, Lagos, Nigeria
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Olukiran OS, Akomolafe RO, Bamitale KO, Ajayi AO, Okonji RE, Bejide RA. Prophylactic and Curative Assessment of Essentiale Forte® On Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Liver Damage in Wistar Rats. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2014.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM: This study was to assess the prophylactic and curative effects of Essentiale forte (ESF) on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced liver damage in Wistar rats.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-four adult Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups of six rats each. Group I (control group) received 0.3 ml/kg/day of propylene glycol for one month; group II (toxic control) was given 0.7 ml/kg/day of CCl4 dissolved in olive oil (1:1,v/v) orally for 7 days; group III (prophylactic group) received 4.3 mg/kg/day of ESF for one month followed by CCl4 for one week; group IV (curative group) was treated with CCl4 for one week and subsequently received ESF (4.3 mg/kg/day) for one month. Half of the rats were sacrificed at active period, the other half after a 2-week recovery period.RESULTS: The activities of serum AST, ALT, ALP, total bilirubin level were significantly higher, total protein and GSH levels were significantly reduced in the toxic control group compared to the control group. Group III had significantly higher AST and ALT activities compared to the control rats at active period, whereas after the recovery period no significant differences were observed in almost all the parameters. Moreover, no significant differences in the parameters mentioned above were observed in group IV compared to the control rats at active and recovery period.CONCLUSION: The results of this study showed that Essential forte was better as a curative agent rather than a prophylactic agent in rats.
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Simeonova R, Kondeva-Burdina M, Vitcheva V, Krasteva I, Manov V, Mitcheva M. Protective effects of the apigenin-O/C-diglucoside saponarin from Gypsophila trichotoma on carbone tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in vitro/in vivo in rats. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 21:148-154. [PMID: 24011529 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2013.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2013] [Revised: 07/02/2013] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the hepatoprotective activity of saponarin, isolated from Gypsophila trichotoma Wend., using in vitro/in vivo hepatotoxicity model based on carbone tetrachloride (CCl₄)-induced liver damage in male Wistar rats. The effect of saponarin was compared with those of silymarin. In vitro experiments were carried out in primary isolated rat hepatocytes. Cell incubation with CCl₄ (86 μmol l⁻¹) led to a significant decrease in cell viability, increased LDH leakage, decreased levels of cellular GSH and elevation in MDA quantity. Cell pre-incubation with saponarin (60-0.006 μg/ml) significantly ameliorated CCl₄-induced hepatic damage in a concentration-dependent manner. These results were supported by the following in vivo study. Along with decreased MDA quantity and increased level of cell protector GSH, seven day pre-treatment of rats with saponarin (80 mg/kg bw; p.o.) also prevented CCl₄ (10%, p.o.)-caused oxidative damage by increasing antioxidant enzyme activities (CAT, SOD, GST, GPx, GR). Biotransformation phase I enzymes were also assessed. Administered alone, saponarin decreased EMND and AH activities but not at the same extent as CCl₄ did. However, pre-treatment with saponarin significantly increased enzyme activities in comparison to CCl₄ only group. The observed biochemical changes were consistent with histopathological observations where the hepatoprotective effect of saponarin was comparative to the effects of the known hepatoprotecor silymarin. Our results suggest that saponarin, isolated from Gypsophila trichotoma Wend., showed in vitro and in vivo hepatoprotective and antioxidant activity against CCl₄-induced liver damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rumyana Simeonova
- Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Drug Toxicity, Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacotherapy and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University-Sofia, 2 Dunav St., 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Magdalena Kondeva-Burdina
- Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Drug Toxicity, Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacotherapy and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University-Sofia, 2 Dunav St., 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Vessela Vitcheva
- Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Drug Toxicity, Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacotherapy and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University-Sofia, 2 Dunav St., 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria.
| | - Ilina Krasteva
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University, 2 Dunav St., 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Vassil Manov
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, Biotechnology of Reproduction, Pathological Anatomy and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Forestry, 10 Kliment Ochridsky Blvd., 1756 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Mitka Mitcheva
- Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Drug Toxicity, Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacotherapy and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University-Sofia, 2 Dunav St., 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria
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Hepatoprotective and antioxidant effects of saponarin, isolated from Gypsophila trichotoma Wend. on paracetamol-induced liver damage in rats. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:757126. [PMID: 23878818 PMCID: PMC3708395 DOI: 10.1155/2013/757126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2013] [Revised: 06/04/2013] [Accepted: 06/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The hepatoprotective potential of saponarin, isolated from Gypsophila trichotoma, was evaluated in vitro/in vivo using a hepatotoxicity model of paracetamol-induced liver injury. In freshly isolated rat hepatocytes, paracetamol (100 μmol) led to a significant decrease in cell viability, increased LDH leakage, decreased levels of cellular GSH, and elevated MDA quantity. Saponarin (60–0.006 μg/mL) preincubation, however, significantly ameliorated paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in a concentration-dependent manner.
The beneficial effect of saponarin was also observed in vivo. Rats were challenged with paracetamol alone (600 mg/kg, i.p.) and after 7-day pretreatment with saponarin (80 mg/kg, oral gavage). Paracetamol toxicity was evidenced by increase in MDA quantity and decrease in cell GSH levels and antioxidant defence system. No changes in phase I enzyme activities of AH and EMND and cytochrome P 450 quantity were detected. Saponarin pretreatment resulted in significant increase in cell antioxidant defence system and GSH levels and decrease in lipid peroxidation. The biochemical changes are in good correlation with the histopathological data. Protective activity of saponarin was similar to the activity of positive control silymarin. On the basis of these results, it can be concluded that saponarin exerts antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity against paracetamol liver injury in vitro/in vivo.
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Okwa IB, Akindele AJ, Agbaje EO, Oshinuga OT, Anunobi CC, Adeyemi OO. Effect of subclinical, clinical and supraclinical doses of calcium channel blockers on models of drug-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. EXCLI JOURNAL 2013; 12:231-50. [PMID: 26417229 PMCID: PMC4552102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2012] [Accepted: 03/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Drug-related hepatotoxicity is the leading cause of acute liver failure, and hepatic problems are responsible for a significant number of liver transplantations and deaths worldwide. Calcium has been associated with various metabolic processes that lead to cell death and apoptosis, and increased cytosolic Ca(2+) has been implicated in hepatotoxicity. This study was designed to investigate the effects of calcium channel blockers (CCBs) on isoniazid-rifampicin, zidovudine and erythromycin-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Treatment groups comprised control, hepatotoxicant, hepatotoxicant along with each of silymarin, nifedipine, verapamil and diltiazem at subclinical, clinical and supraclinical doses. A day to the end of treatment for each model, rats were subjected to the hexobarbitone-induced hypnosis test. On the last days of treatment, blood samples were collected and serum was analyzed for relevant biochemical parameters. Animals were sacrificed after blood collection and livers were harvested, and samples obtained for in vivo antioxidant indices assay and histopathology. The hepatotoxicants significantly increased serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), as well as duration of sleep in the hypnosis test. These drugs significantly reduced the hepatic levels of reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and increased the level of malondialdehyde (MDA). The CCBs at the various doses significantly reversed the effects of isoniazid-rifampicin, zidovudine and erythromycin. The results obtained in this study suggest that the CCBs possess hepatoprotective activity in drug-induced hepatotoxicity and may be beneficial at the subclinical and clinical doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iniviefien B. Okwa
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, P.M.B. 12003, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Abidemi J. Akindele
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, P.M.B. 12003, Lagos, Nigeria,*To whom correspondence should be addressed: Abidemi J. Akindele, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, P.M.B. 12003 Lagos, Nigeria; Tel: +2348062359726, E-mail: ,
| | - Esther O. Agbaje
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, P.M.B. 12003, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Oladoyin T. Oshinuga
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, P.M.B. 12003, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Chidozie C. Anunobi
- Department of Morbid Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, P.M.B. 12003, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Olufunmilayo O. Adeyemi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, P.M.B. 12003, Lagos, Nigeria
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Eidi A, Mortazavi P, Tehrani ME, Rohani AH, Safi S. Hepatoprotective effects of pantothenic acid on carbon tetrachloride-induced toxicity in rats. EXCLI JOURNAL 2012; 11:748-759. [PMID: 27847457 PMCID: PMC5099929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2012] [Accepted: 11/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to investigate the hepatoprotective effect of pantothenic acid on CCl4-induced liver damage. Male Wistar rats were orally treated with pantothenic acid (0.005, 0.01, 0.025, 0.05 and 0.1 g/kg) daily, with administration of CCl4 (1 mL/kg, 50 % CCl4 in olive oil) twice a week for 28 days. The effect of pantothenic acid on serum markers (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and γ-glutamyltransferase) was measured in CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity in rat. Further, the effects on enzymatic antioxidant (superoxide dismutase) were estimated in the liver samples. CCl4 challenge not only elevated the serum marker enzyme activities but also suppressed hepatic antioxidative defense system including superoxide dismutase. The biochemical observations were supplemented with histopathological examination of rat liver sections. Histopathological examination of livers showed that pantothenic acid reduced fatty degeneration, cytoplasmic vacuolization and necrosis in CCl4-treated rats. Therefore, pantothenic acid may be an effective hepatoprotective agent and viable candidate for treating hepatic disorders and other oxidative stress-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akram Eidi
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran,*To whom correspondence should be addressed: Akram Eidi, Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch,Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Tel: +98 9123380064, Fax: +9821 44865939, E-mail: ,
| | - Pejman Mortazavi
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Specialized Veterinary Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Ebrahim Tehrani
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Haeri Rohani
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahabaldin Safi
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Specialized Veterinary Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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Mahmud ZA, Bachar SC, Qais N. Antioxidant and Hepatoprotective Activities of Ethanolic Extracts of Leaves of Premna esculenta Roxb. against Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Liver Damage in Rats. J Young Pharm 2012; 4:228-34. [PMID: 23493235 PMCID: PMC3573374 DOI: 10.4103/0975-1483.104366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Premna esculenta Roxb. (family Verbenaceae) is a shrub used by the ethnic people of Chittagong Hill Tracts of Bangladesh for the treatment of hepatocellular jaundice. The present study was done to evaluate the hepatoprotective and the in vivo antioxidant activity of ethanolic extracts of leaves of the plant in carbon tetrachloride-induced liver damage in rats. Hepatotoxicity was induced in rats by i.p. injection of CCl4 diluted with olive oil (1:1 v/v; 1 mL/kg body weight) on alternate days for 7 days. After 7 days of pretreatment of test extracts, the biochemical markers such as Serum Glutamate Oxaloacetate Transaminase (SGOT), Serum Glutamate Pyruvate Transaminase (SGPT), Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP), total protein, and albumin were estimated followed by the measurement of liver cytosolic antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxidase. The data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Dunnett's t-test. The extract both at the doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg p.o. significantly (P < 0.001) reduced the elevated levels of SGPT, SGOT, ALP and increased the reduced levels of total protein and albumin compared to the CCl4-treated animals. The extracts also showed a significant (P < 0.001) increase in the reduced levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and peroxidase. The effects of the extracts on these parameters were comparable with those of the standard, silymarin. The findings of the study indicate that the leaf extract of P. esculenta showed a potential hepatoprotective activity and the protective action might have manifested by restoring the hepatic SOD, catalase, and peroxidase levels. The results justify the traditional use of this plant in liver disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- ZA Mahmud
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - SC Bachar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - N Qais
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Dey A, De JN. Ethnobotanical survey of Purulia district, West Bengal, India for medicinal plants used against gastrointestinal disorders. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2012; 143:68-80. [PMID: 22721882 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2012.05.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2012] [Revised: 05/10/2012] [Accepted: 05/28/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE An ethnobotanical survey was conducted in the remote hills, forests and rural areas of Purulia, one of the tribal rich districts of the West Bengal state of eastern India. Purulia is a part of the biogeographic zone Deccan Peninsula Chhotonagpur. The authors have reported the use of medicinal plants by nine tribes of the district against various gastrointestinal disorders. MATERIALS AND METHODS Semi structured questionnaire was used during the interview with the informants having traditional botanical knowledge. Bhumijs, Birhor, Gond, Ho, Kharia, Mal Pahariya, Mundas, Oraon and Santhali represent the various aboriginal groups present in the district. The use of medicinal plants were documented using an interview data sheet mentioning the names, age, profession and gender of the informants and scientific and vernacular names, families, part(s) used, disease(s) treated, method of preparation, mode of administration of the botanicals and the preparations. RESULTS A total number of 56 plants belonging to 29 families have been reported to be used against different types of gastrointestinal disorders viz. indigestion, stomach pain, vomiting tendency, constipation, piles, diarrhea, dysentery, cholera, loss of appetite, liver complaints, intestinal worms etc. Fabaceae and Apocynaceae were found to be the dominant families of medicinal plants used to treat such ailments. CONCLUSION Age, gender, literacy and profession of the aboriginals were found to be the significant factors when the traditional knowledge of medicinal botanicals was concerned. Due to urbanization and loss of biodiversity, the authors have noted a significant decrease in the ethnic knowledge as well as the botanicals. Preservation of folklore should be given utmost importance in this region to prevent the rapid loss of ethnobotanical wealth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhijit Dey
- Department of Botany, Presidency University (Formerly Presidency College), 86/1, College Street, Kolkata-700073, West Bengal, India.
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Ishola IO, Akindele AJ, Adeyemi OO. Sub-chronic toxicity study of the methanol root extract of Cnestis ferruginea. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2012; 50:994-1006. [PMID: 22775416 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2012.655376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Cnestis ferruginea (CF) Vahl ex DC (Connaraceae) is a shrub abundant in West Africa. Root preparations are used in traditional medicine to treat diverse conditions. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the sub-chronic toxicological effects of the methanol root extract of CF. MATERIALS AND METHODS Groups of adult rats of both sexes were treated daily with distilled water (DW) and CF at doses of 80 (sub-therapeutic dose), 400 (therapeutic dose), and 1000 (supra-therapeutic dose) mg/kg orally for 90 days. Animals were weighed weekly and observed for behavioral and morphological changes. At the end, rats were sacrificed and blood samples collected for hematological and biochemical analysis. Vital organs were harvested, weighed, and assessed for in vivo antioxidants and histopathological changes. Sperm analysis and reversibility study were done, and mortality was recorded. RESULTS CF at the therapeutic dose did not produce any significant irreversible deleterious effects on the weight of animals and vital organs, in vivo antioxidants, histopathological presentation, hematological, biochemical, and sperm parameters. Platelet anomaly was elicited as a delayed effect. Effects at the sub- and supra-therapeutic doses were similar but with delayed anemia in females and weight reduction and sterility in males as possible side effects. CF generally showed a potential to induce in vivo antioxidants. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Findings suggest that CF given over an extended period possess the potential to cause induction of in vivo antioxidants especially in the ovary. Possible side effects identified with CF, which necessitate caution, include delayed platelet anomaly and anemia in females, weight reduction, and sterility in males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail O Ishola
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria
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Afolabi SO, Akindele AJ, Awodele O, Anunobi CC, Adeyemi OO. A 90 day chronic toxicity study of Nigerian herbal preparation DAS-77 in rats. Altern Ther Health Med 2012; 12:79. [PMID: 22892317 PMCID: PMC3522554 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-12-79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2012] [Accepted: 06/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Background The herbal preparation DAS-77, used for the treatment of various ailments in Nigeria, contains the milled bark of Mangifera indica L. and root of Carica papaya L. Toxicological assessment of the preparation was carried out in this study. Methods In the acute toxicity study, DAS-77 was administered to mice p.o. up to 20 g/kg in divided doses and i.p. at 250–3000 mg/kg. Mortality within 24 h was recorded. In the chronic toxicity study, rats were treated p.o. for 90 days at doses of 80, 400 (therapeutic dose, TD) and 2000 mg/kg. By 90 days, animals were sacrificed and blood samples collected for hematological and biochemical analysis. Organs were harvested for weight determination, antioxidants and histopathological assessments. Results DAS-77 did not produce any lethality administered p.o. up to 20 g/kg in divided doses but the i.p. LD50 was 1122.0 mg/kg. At TD, DAS-77 produced significant (p < 0.05) reductions in body weight, food intake and K+, and increases in ovary weight, neutrophils and HDL, which were reversible. Histopathological presentations were generally normal. Effects at the other doses were comparable to those at TD except for reversible increases in antioxidants in the liver, kidney and testes, and sperm abnormality, and reductions in liver enzymes, sperm motility and count. Conclusions Findings in this study revealed that DAS-77 is relatively safe with the potential for enhancing in vivo antioxidant activity. However, possibly reversible side-effects include electrolyte imbalance and sterility in males.
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Olufunsho A, Alade A. Investigation of lipid peroxidation as probable mechanism of rifampicin toxicity in vivo. Ann Neurosci 2012; 19:68-70. [PMID: 25205968 PMCID: PMC4117042 DOI: 10.5214/ans.0972.7531.12190204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2011] [Revised: 02/23/2012] [Accepted: 03/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Xenobiotics may exert their toxic effects on tissues directly or after they have been metabolized. Increased reactivity of xenobiotics owing to their conversion to electrophiles, free radicals, nucleophiles and redox-active reactants may also contribute to toxicity. PURPOSE The present study attempts to investigate the possible "lipid peroxidation/free radical generation" mechanism behind rifampicin toxicity. METHODS Measurement of antioxidant enzymatic activity and MDA level was done according to standard procedures. RESULTS The results showed a low, non-significant (p > 0.05) increase in the malondialdehyde (MDA) levels of the testes, serum, brain and liver of Rif treated group compared with the control. The superoxide dismutase (SOD) results in Rif treated group also showed a low, non-significant (p > 0.05) decreased levels in the testes, serum, brain and liver when compared with the control. However, there was a significant (p ≤ 0.05) decrease in the level of catalase in the testes of Rif treated rats compared with the control. CONCLUSION The low, non-significant (p > 0.05) increase in the Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels of the testes, serum, brain and liver suggest that Rif toxicity may also be through other mechanisms such as direct toxic effects on cells, cellular dysfunction, conversion of Rif to electrophiles, nucleophiles and redox-active reactants; other than only via lipid peroxidation. It may be concluded that just as a lot of attention is directed towards targeting drug toxicity arising due to free radical generation by the use of antioxidants, similarly other mechanisms leading to drug toxicity should also be targeted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Awodele Olufunsho
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos-NIGERIA
| | - Akintonwa Alade
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos-NIGERIA
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Johnkennedy N, Adamma E. The protective role of Gongronema latifolium in acetaminophen induced hepatic toxicity in Wistar rats. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s2221-1691(11)60145-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Kalaiselvi M, Narmadha R, Ragavendran P, Raj A, Sophia D, Ravi Kumar G, Gomathi D, Uma C, Kalaivani K. In vivo simulated in vitro model of Jasminum sambac (Linn.) using mammalian liver slice technique. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s2221-1691(11)60158-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022] Open
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Kumar S, Alagawadi KR, Rao MR. Effect of Argyreia speciosa root extract on cafeteria diet-induced obesity in rats. Indian J Pharmacol 2011; 43:163-7. [PMID: 21572650 PMCID: PMC3081454 DOI: 10.4103/0253-7613.77353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2010] [Revised: 08/29/2010] [Accepted: 01/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the antiobesity effects of the ethanolic extract of Argyreia speciosa roots in rats fed with a cafeteria diet (CD). MATERIALS AND METHODS Obesity was induced in albino rats by feeding them a CD daily for 42 days, in addition to a normal diet. Body weight and food intake was measured initially and then every week thereafter. On day 42, the serum biochemical parameters were estimated and the animals were sacrificed with an overdose of ether. The, liver and parametrial adipose tissues were removed and weighed immediately. The liver triglyceride content was estimated. The influence of the extract on the pancreatic lipase activity was also determined by measuring the rate of release of oleic acid from triolein. RESULTS The body weight at two-to-six weeks and the final parametrial adipose tissue weights were significantly lowered (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05, respectively) in rats fed with the CD with Argyreia speciosa extract 500 mg/kg/day as compared to the CD alone. The extract also significantly reduced (P < 0.01) the serum contents of leptin, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL), and triglycerides, which were elevated in rats fed with CD alone. In addition, the extract inhibited the induction of fatty liver with the accumulation of hepatic triglycerides. The extract also showed inhibition of pancreatic lipase activity by using triolein as a substrate. CONCLUSIONS The ethanolic extract of Argyreia speciosa roots produces inhibitory effects on cafeteria diet-induced obesity in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiv Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, N.E.T. Pharmacy College, Navodaya Nagar, Raichur - 584 103, Karnataka, India
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Bachhav RS, Gulecha VS, Upasani CD. Analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of Argyreia speciosa root. Indian J Pharmacol 2011; 41:158-61. [PMID: 20523865 PMCID: PMC2875733 DOI: 10.4103/0253-7613.56066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2008] [Revised: 02/25/2009] [Accepted: 07/24/2009] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To study analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of a methanolic extract (ME) of Argyreia speciosa (AS) root powder. Materials and Methods: The study was carried out using male albino mice (20-25 gm) and male wistar rats (100-150gm). The ME was prepared using soxhlet extraction process. The effect of ME of A. speciosa was investigated for analgesic activity using acetic acid-induced abdominal constriction, tail immersion method and hot plate method. The anti-inflammatory activity of ME of AS roots was studied using carrageenan-induced rat paw edema. Result: The ME of A. speciosa root was used in pain and inflammation models. The analgesic activity of AS at the dose of (30,100, and 300 mg/kg p.o) showed significant (P<0.01) decrease in acetic acid-induced writhing, whereas ME of A. speciosa at the dose of (100, 300 mg/kg p.o) showed significant (P<0.01) increase in latency to tail flick in tail immersion method and elevated mean basal reaction time in hot plate method. The ME of the A. speciosa at doses (30, 100, and 300mg/kg) showed significant (P < 0.01) inhibition of carrageenan induced hind paw edema in rats. Conclusion: The ME of A. speciosa showed significant analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity in mice and rat.
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Affiliation(s)
- R S Bachhav
- Department of Pharmacology, S.N.J.B'S S.S.D.J. College of Pharmacy Chandwad, Dist. Nashik - 423 101, Maharashtra, India
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Galani VJ, Patel BG, Patel NB. Argyreia speciosa (Linn. f.) sweet: A comprehensive review. Pharmacogn Rev 2010; 4:172-8. [PMID: 22228958 PMCID: PMC3249918 DOI: 10.4103/0973-7847.70913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2010] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Argyreia speciosa (Linn. f.) Sweet is a popular Indian medicinal plant, which has long been used in traditional Ayurvedic Indian medicine for various diseases. This plant is pharmacologically studied for nootropic, aphrodisiac, immunomodulatory, hepatoprotective, antioxidant, antiinflammatory, antihyperglycemic, antidiarrheal, antimicrobial, antiviral, nematicidal, antiulcer, anticonvulsant, analgesic and central nervous depressant activities. A wide range of phytochemical constituents have been isolated from this plant. A comprehensive account of the morphology, phytochemical constituents and pharmacological activities reported are included in view of the many recent findings of importance on this plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. J. Galani
- Department of Pharmacology, A.R. College of Pharmacy and G.H. Patel Institute of Pharmacy, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Gujarat, India
| | - B. G. Patel
- Department of Pharmacology, A.R. College of Pharmacy and G.H. Patel Institute of Pharmacy, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Gujarat, India
| | - N. B. Patel
- Department of Pharmacology, A.R. College of Pharmacy and G.H. Patel Institute of Pharmacy, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Gujarat, India
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Habbu PV, Mahadevan KM, Shastry RA, Chilakwad SR. Antiamnesic potentiality of Argyreia speciosa (Burm.f) Boj. in mice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.4103/0973-8258.63881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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