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Satish P, Avenatti E, Patel J, Agarwala A. Understanding the spectrum of cardiovascular risk in women - A primer for prevention. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2024; 84:34-42. [PMID: 38710313 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2024.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in women worldwide and the lifetime risk of CVD in women is similar to men. However, the pathophysiology of CVD varies between women and men necessitating a sex-specific understanding of cardiovascular (CV) risk. A belief that women have a lower CVD risk than men, and an underrepresentation in clinical research for many years has led to a paucity of evidence in the prevention and management of CVD in women. Many recent efforts have tried to bridge the gap. As a result, we now know that traditional risk factors impact CVD risk differently in women when compared with men. There are also numerous sex-specific and pregnancy related risk factors that modify the risk and can predict the future development of CVD in women. This is important as risk calculators, in general, tend to misclassify risk in young women with nontraditional CVD risk factors. To address this, guidelines have introduced the concept of risk enhancers that can suggest a higher risk. The use of coronary artery calcium score can further accurately delineate risk in these women, leading to an appropriate matching of therapy to underlying risk. This review discusses implementation strategies that are essential to mitigate disparities in CVD outcomes and optimizing CVD risk in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Satish
- Center for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ascension Texas Cardiovascular, Dell Medical School, University of Texas, Austin, USA
| | - Eleonora Avenatti
- Center for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ascension Texas Cardiovascular, Dell Medical School, University of Texas, Austin, USA
| | - Jaideep Patel
- Johns Hopkins Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Anandita Agarwala
- Center for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, Baylor Scott and White Health Heart Hospital Baylor Plano, Plano, TX, USA.
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2
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Yang L, Yang Y, Han X, Huang C, Wang Y, Jiang D, Chao L. GRIM19 deficiency aggravates metabolic disorder and ovarian dysfunction in PCOS. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167063. [PMID: 38360073 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders in women. Retinoid-interferon-induced mortality 19 (GRIM19) is a functional component of mitochondrial complex I that plays a role in cellular energy metabolism. However, the role of GRIM19 in the pathogenesis of PCOS is still unclear. OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of GRIM19 in the pathogenesis of PCOS. DESIGN We first measured the expression of GRIM19 in human granulosa cells (hGCs) from patients with and without PCOS (n = 16 per group), and then established a PCOS mouse model with WT and Grim19+/- mice for in vivo experiments. Glucose uptake-related genes RAC1 and GLUT4 and energy metabolism levels in KGN cells were examined in vitro by knocking down GRIM19 in the cell lines. Additionally, ovulation-related genes such as p-ERK1/2, HAS2, and PTX3 were also studied to determine their expression levels. RESULTS GRIM19 expression was reduced in hGCs of PCOS patients, which was negatively correlated with BMI and serum testosterone level. Grim19+/- mice with PCOS exhibited a markedly anovulatory phenotype and disturbed glycolipid metabolism. In vitro experiments, GRIM19 deficiency inhibited the RAC1/GLUT4 pathway, reducing insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in KGN cells. Moreover, GRIM19 deficiency induced mitochondrial dysfunction, defective glucose metabolism, and apoptosis. In addition, GRIM19 deficiency suppressed the expression of ovulation-related genes in KGN cells, which was regulated by dihydrotestosterone mediated androgen receptor. CONCLUSIONS GRIM19 deficiency may mediate ovulation and glucose metabolism disorders in PCOS patients. Our results suggest that GRIM19 may be a new target for diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Yang Yang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Xiaojuan Han
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Chengzi Huang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Ying Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Danni Jiang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Lan Chao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China.
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Dey S, Chakraborty I, Biswas P, Paul A, Chakraborty P, Haldar R. Unmasking the morphological alteration of erythrocytes among women suffering from PCOS. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2024; 105:102821. [PMID: 38218172 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2023.102821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Dyslipidemia is frequently observed in polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). Changes in plasma lipid levels potentially alter erythrocyte membrane lipid composition due to lack of inbuilt lipid synthesis machinery. Therefore, development of morphologically altered erythrocytes in PCOS patients with dyslipidemia is expected. However, this has not been established so far. So, we took this opportunity to explore the morphological alterations among dyslipidemic PCO women. We recruited thirty-five dyslipidemic PCOS women (satisfying Rotterdam criteria, without medication) and twenty-five age-matched healthy controls. Scanning electron microscopy revealed a significant increase in the number of stomatocytes, acanthocytes, and echinocytes in the PCO group. PCO group showed a considerable decrease in plasma antioxidant levels. Elevated lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation, and decreased free thiol group in erythrocyte membrane in PCOS suggest oxidative degradation of the erythrocyte membrane. Elevated intracellular ROS levels, increased methemoglobin formation, and a decrease in NADPH methemoglobin reductase in PCOS also indicate altered physicochemical property of hemoglobin due to oxidative overload. Additionally, these patients exhibit a rise in erythrocyte membrane cholesterol and triglyceride, which promotes the membrane to become less fluidic and less fragile. Thus, these results corroborate a potential role in altering erythrocyte morphology among dyslipidemic PCO women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sutithi Dey
- Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, 92, A.P.C. Road, Kolkata 700 009, India
| | - Ipsita Chakraborty
- Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, 92, A.P.C. Road, Kolkata 700 009, India
| | - Payel Biswas
- Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, 92, A.P.C. Road, Kolkata 700 009, India
| | - Ayantika Paul
- Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, 92, A.P.C. Road, Kolkata 700 009, India
| | - Pratip Chakraborty
- Department of Assisted Reproduction, Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Dr. B.N. Chakraborty Hospital, HB-36/A/3, 1st Cross Rd, HB Block, Sector III, Bidhannagar, Kolkata, West Bengal 700106, India
| | - Rajen Haldar
- Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, 92, A.P.C. Road, Kolkata 700 009, India.
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Zheng CY, Yu YX, Bai X. Polycystic ovary syndrome and related inflammation in radiomics; relationship with patient outcome. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2024; 154:328-333. [PMID: 36933953 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2023.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) refers to a condition that often has 'poly' liquid containing sacks around ovaries. It affects reproductive-aged females giving rise to menstrual and related reproductive issues. PCOS is marked by hormonal imbalance often resulting in hyperandrogenism. Inflammation is now considered a central manifestation of this disease with several inflammatory biomarkers such as TNF-α, C-reactive protein and Interleukins-6/18 found to be particularly elevated in PCOS patients. Diagnosis is often late, and MRI-based diagnosis, along with blood-based analyses, are still the best bet for a definitive diagnosis. Radiomics also offers several advantages and should be exploited to the maximum. The mechanisms of PCOS onset and progression are not very well known but pituitary dysfunction and elevated gonadotrophin releasing hormone resulting in high levels of luteinizing hormone are indicative of an activated hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis in PCOS. A number of studies have also identified signaling pathways such as PI3K/Akt, NF-κB and STAT in PCOS etiology. The links of these signaling pathways to inflammation further underline the importance of inflammation in PCOS, which needs to be resolved for improving patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yang Zheng
- Embryo Laboratory, Jinghua Hospital of Shenyang, No. 83, Zhongshan Road, Heping District, Shenyang 110000, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yue-Xin Yu
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, No. 5, Guangrong Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110000, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xue Bai
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, No. 5, Guangrong Street, Heping District, Shenyang 110000, Liaoning Province, China.
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Mirzohreh ST, Panahi P, Zafardoust H, Zavvar M, Fathi N, Dehghan M, Sarbakhsh P. The role of polycystic ovary syndrome in preclinical left ventricular diastolic dysfunction: an echocardiographic approach: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Cardiovasc Endocrinol Metab 2023; 12:e0294. [PMID: 37900050 PMCID: PMC10611352 DOI: 10.1097/xce.0000000000000294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Background Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder affecting women of childbearing age, causing hormonal imbalances, reproductive issues, and metabolic disturbances. Women with PCOS have an increased risk of cardiovascular disease due to insulin resistance, obesity, and hyperandrogenism. Detecting impaired left ventricular (LV) function is important in managing this condition. Echocardiography, a non-invasive imaging technique, can effectively detect LV dysfunction. Aim The goal of this systematic review was to assess whether there are any variations in echocardiographic measures between women with PCOS and those without the condition in order to determine the potential impact of PCOS on LV function. Methods This review followed the PRISMA reporting guidelines. A thorough search of databases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane was conducted. The quality of the selected studies was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute appraisal instruments. After applying strict eligibility criteria, data were extracted and organized in Microsoft Excel sheets. Review Manager (RevMan) software was used for the analysis. Results Analysis of 29 studies revealed significant differences in echocardiographic measures related to diastolic function between women with PCOS and healthy controls. However, there were no significant differences in measures of systolic function. Conclusion These findings indicate that PCOS may be linked to impaired LV function, thereby increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease. Further research is necessary to better understand this association and its clinical implications. Early detection and management of PCOS could potentially help prevent cardiovascular complications in affected women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh-Tarlan Mirzohreh
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Madani Heart Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences
| | - Padideh Panahi
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences
| | | | - Morteza Zavvar
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences
| | - Nima Fathi
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences
| | - Mahshid Dehghan
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences
| | - Parvin Sarbakhsh
- Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Salcedo AC, Yun J, Carter C, Hart E. Therapeutic Carbohydrate Restriction as a Metabolic Modality for the Prevention and Treatment of Abnormal Uterine Bleeding. Nutrients 2023; 15:3760. [PMID: 37686792 PMCID: PMC10490487 DOI: 10.3390/nu15173760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic carbohydrate restriction diets have been becoming increasingly popular over the years, resulting in dramatic weight loss and an improvement in metabolic disorders. Obesity, insulin resistance, and diabetes are the risk factors for many gynecologic morbidities such as uterine leiomyoma, endometrial polyps, and polycystic ovarian syndrome. There is evidence suggesting that the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease is similar to that seen in many causes of abnormal uterine bleeding. We aim to explain how cardiovascular disease risk factor reduction with the use of therapeutic carbohydrate restriction may prevent and potentially treat these gynecologic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea C. Salcedo
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Jane Yun
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Cody Carter
- Department of Pathology and Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Elaine Hart
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
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Schliep KC, Ghabayen L, Shaaban M, Hughes FR, Pollack AZ, Stanford JB, Brady KA, Kiser A, Peterson CM. Examining the co-occurrence of endometriosis and polycystic ovarian syndrome. AJOG GLOBAL REPORTS 2023; 3:100259. [PMID: 37663310 PMCID: PMC10472311 DOI: 10.1016/j.xagr.2023.100259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovarian syndrome and endometriosis are 2 of the most common reproductive disorders among women but are thought to be unrelated. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine the overlap and common symptoms of polycystic ovarian syndrome and endometriosis. STUDY DESIGN The study population included the Endometriosis, Natural History, Diagnosis, and Outcomes Study (2007-2009) operative cohort: 473 women, aged 18 to 44 years, who underwent a diagnostic and/or therapeutic laparoscopy or laparotomy at 1 of 14 surgical centers located in Salt Lake City, Utah, or San Francisco, California, in addition to a population cohort composed of 127 women from the surgical centers' catchment areas. Age and site-adjusted multinomial regression models were used to estimate adjusted prevalence ratios and 95% confidence intervals of reproductive history characteristics among women with endometriosis only, women with polycystic ovarian syndrome only, and women with both endometriosis and polycystic ovarian syndrome. RESULTS Among the operative cohort, 35% had endometriosis only, 9% had polycystic ovarian syndrome only, and 5% had endometriosis and polycystic ovarian syndrome. Among the population cohort, 10% had endometriosis only, 8% had polycystic ovarian syndrome only, and 2% had endometriosis and polycystic ovarian syndrome. In the operative cohort, a history of subfertility was associated with a higher adjusted probability of having both conditions (adjusted prevalence ratio, 10.33; 95% confidence interval, 3.94-27.08), followed by having endometriosis only (adjusted prevalence ratio, 2.45; 95% confidence interval, 1.56-3.84) or polycystic ovarian syndrome only (adjusted prevalence ratio, 1.15; 95% confidence interval, 0.51-2.61), than having neither condition. In addition, experiencing chronic pelvic pain within the past 12 months was associated with a higher probability of having both conditions (adjusted prevalence ratio, 2.53; 95% confidence interval, 1.07-6.00) than having neither condition. CONCLUSION Among a cohort of women undergoing gynecologic laparoscopy or laparotomy, our study found that nearly 1 in 20 women had both an incident endometriosis diagnosis and symptoms consistent with polycystic ovarian syndrome. Among a population cohort of women not seeking gynecologic care, polycystic ovarian syndrome and endometriosis overlap prevalence was approximately 1 in 50 women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen C. Schliep
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT (Dr Schliep, Mses Ghabayen, Shaaban, and Hughes, and Dr Stanford)
| | - Lina Ghabayen
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT (Dr Schliep, Mses Ghabayen, Shaaban, and Hughes, and Dr Stanford)
| | - May Shaaban
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT (Dr Schliep, Mses Ghabayen, Shaaban, and Hughes, and Dr Stanford)
| | - Felicity R. Hughes
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT (Dr Schliep, Mses Ghabayen, Shaaban, and Hughes, and Dr Stanford)
| | - Anna Z. Pollack
- College of Health and Human Services, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA (Dr Pollack)
| | - Joseph B. Stanford
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT (Dr Schliep, Mses Ghabayen, Shaaban, and Hughes, and Dr Stanford)
| | - Kristy Allen Brady
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT (Dr Allen Brady)
| | - Amber Kiser
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT (Ms Kiser)
| | - C. Matthew Peterson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT (Dr Peterson)
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Park HS, Cetin E, Siblini H, Seok J, Alkelani H, Alkhrait S, Liakath Ali F, Mousaei Ghasroldasht M, Beckman A, Al-Hendy A. Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles to Treat PCOS. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11151. [PMID: 37446328 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241311151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is known as the most common endocrine disorder in women. Previously, we suggested that human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can reverse the PCOS condition by secreting factors. Here, we evaluated the therapeutic capability of MSC-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs), also known as exosomes, in both in vitro and in vivo PCOS models. Exosomes were used to treat androgen-producing H293R cells and injected in a mouse model through intraovarian and intravenous injection into a letrozole (LTZ)-induced PCOS mouse model. We assessed the effects of the exosomes on androgen-producing cells or the PCOS mouse model by analyzing steroidogenic gene expression (quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR)), body weight change, serum hormone levels, and fertility by pup delivery. Our data show the therapeutic effect of MSC-derived EVs for reversing PCOS conditions, including fertility issues. Interestingly, intravenous injection was more effective for serum glucose regulation, and an intraovarian injection was more effective for ovary restoration. Our study suggests that MSC-derived exosomes can be promising biopharmaceutics for treating PCOS conditions as a novel therapeutic option. Despite the fact that we need more validation in human patients, we may evaluate this novel treatment option for PCOS with the following clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang-Soo Park
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Esra Cetin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Hiba Siblini
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Jin Seok
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Hiba Alkelani
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Samar Alkhrait
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Farzana Liakath Ali
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | | | - Analea Beckman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Ayman Al-Hendy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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Guan C, Rodriguez C, Elder-Odame P, Minhas AS, Zahid S, Baker VL, Shufelt CL, Michos ED. Assisted reproductive technology: what are the cardiovascular risks for women? Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther 2023; 21:663-673. [PMID: 37779500 PMCID: PMC10615881 DOI: 10.1080/14779072.2023.2266355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Infertility affects 15% of women of reproductive age in the United States. The use of assisted reproductive technology (ART) has been rising globally, as well as a growing recognition of reproductive factors that increase risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). AREAS COVERED Women with infertility who use ART are more likely to have established CVD risk factors, such as obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and diabetes. They are also more likely to experience adverse pregnancy outcomes, which are associated with both peripartum and long-term cardiovascular complications. ART may lead to increased cardiometabolic demands due to ovarian stimulation, pregnancy itself, and higher rates of multifetal gestation. Preeclampsia risk appears greater with frozen rather than fresh embryo transfers. EXPERT OPINION The use of ART and its association with long term CVD has not been well-studied. Future prospective and mechanistic studies investigating the association of ART and CVD risk may help determine causality. Nevertheless, CVD risk screening is critical pre-pregnancy and during pregnancy to reduce pregnancy complications that elevate future CVD risk. This also offers a window of opportunity to connect patients to longitudinal care for early management of cardiometabolic risk profile and initiation of preventive lifestyle and pharmacotherapy interventions tailored toward patient-specific risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn Guan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Carla Rodriguez
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Petal Elder-Odame
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Anum S. Minhas
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Salman Zahid
- Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Valerie L. Baker
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
| | | | - Erin D. Michos
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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de Oliveira NM, Machado J, Lopes L, Criado MB. A Review on Acupuncture Efficiency in Human Polycystic Ovary/Ovarian Syndrome. J Pharmacopuncture 2023; 26:105-123. [PMID: 37405111 PMCID: PMC10315877 DOI: 10.3831/kpi.2023.26.2.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Human Polycystic Ovary/Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS), a frequent endocrine pathophysiology among women of fertile age, is associated with woman's lifespan endocrine, metabolic and psychological implications. Long-term usage side effects of allopathic strategies and their low efficacy made complementary medicine treatments a relevant subject for these patients. The main aim of this work is to review the efficiency of the acupuncture treatment reported in the latest studies on literature regarding PCOS patients. Methods A comprehensive literature search, in English language, about the use of acupuncture on the management of PCOS, was conducted in October 2020 using EBSCO, Cochrane, PubMed, Medline, Embase, databases for randomised and non-randomised controlled trials between 2015 and 2020 (09/2015-10/2020), following the PRISMA protocol. Results This research led us to an analysis, according to PICOS, of six final papers selected among 178 in total. The articles addressed distinct aspects of the PCOS condition, diverse acupuncture techniques and different main and secondary outcomes in agreement to the respective main objective. According to this review, acupuncture seems to be useful for the treatment of this debilitating and chronic health condition which affects millions of women worldwide, many of them part of the workforce in their community. Conclusion Despite of the display of these positive results addressing acupuncture treatments to manage PCOS major symptoms - whether they are reproductive, metabolic, or mental health features - more research is urgent. Randomized, double blinded controlled trials with improved quality design and following STRICTA and/or CONSORT recommendations are necessary to engage acupuncture as a standardized and scientific validated technique in PCOS condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natália M. de Oliveira
- ICBAS - Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto-UP, Porto, Portugal
- CBSin, Center of BioSciences in Integrative Health, Porto, Portugal
| | - Jorge Machado
- ICBAS - Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto-UP, Porto, Portugal
- CBSin, Center of BioSciences in Integrative Health, Porto, Portugal
- LABIOMEP – Porto Biomechanics Laboratory, University of Porto-UP, Porto, Portugal
| | - Lara Lopes
- ICBAS - Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto-UP, Porto, Portugal
- CBSin, Center of BioSciences in Integrative Health, Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Begoña Criado
- CBSin, Center of BioSciences in Integrative Health, Porto, Portugal
- TOXRUN – Toxicology Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences, CESPU, Gandra, Portugal
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Xu L, Min M, Li X, Blake GM, Zhao K, Ruan X, Cheng X. Marrow adipose tissue is increased in overweight and obese women with PCOS independently of hyperandrogenism related obesity and metabolic disorders. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1168806. [PMID: 37361535 PMCID: PMC10290191 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1168806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to investigate the increase in bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT) in overweight and obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and its relationship with hyperandrogenism, obesity, and metabolic disorders. Methods The study included 87 overweight or obese women with PCOS (mean age 29 ± 4 years), as well as 87 age-matched controls recruited from a separate population study. All PCOS patients were measured for anthropometric features, abdominal adipose tissue areas, BMAT, biochemistry, and sex hormones. BMAT was compared between the PCOS patients and controls. In PCOS patients, subgroup comparisons of BMAT and its associations with body adiposity indices, biochemistry, and sex hormones were analyzed. The odds ratios (ORs) of elevated BMAT (defined as BMAT ≥ 38%) were calculated. Results On average BMAT was increased by 5.6% ( ± 11.3%) in PCOS patients compared to controls. BMAT were significantly higher in the upper tertiles of total cholesterol (TC) and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C). BMAT was not correlated with abdominal adiposity indices or biochemistry except for LDL-C (r = 0.253-0.263, p = 0.014-0.018). LDL-C was not significantly different between the normal and abnormal androgen PCOS subgroups (p = 0.10-0.887). LDL-C, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), and total testosterone (TT) were risk factors for elevated BMAT, with ORs of 1.899 (p = 0.038-0.040), 1.369 (p = 0.030-0.042), and 1.002 (p = 0.040-0.044) for each unit increase, respectively. Conclusion BMAT was increased in overweight and obese PCOS patients, but the increase in BMAT was not associated with the hyperandrogenism related obesity or metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xu
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Min Min
- Department of Gynecology, Aviation General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xintong Li
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Glen M. Blake
- Biomedical Engineering Department, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kaiping Zhao
- Department of Medical Record Management and Statistics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangyan Ruan
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoguang Cheng
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China
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Mehta LS, Velarde GP, Lewey J, Sharma G, Bond RM, Navas-Acien A, Fretts AM, Magwood GS, Yang E, Blumenthal RS, Brown RM, Mieres JH. Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Women: The Impact of Race and Ethnicity: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association. Circulation 2023; 147:1471-1487. [PMID: 37035919 PMCID: PMC11196122 DOI: 10.1161/cir.0000000000001139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in women, yet differences exist among certain racial and ethnic groups. Aside from traditional risk factors, behavioral and environmental factors and social determinants of health affect cardiovascular health and risk in women. Language barriers, discrimination, acculturation, and health care access disproportionately affect women of underrepresented races and ethnicities. These factors result in a higher prevalence of cardiovascular disease and significant challenges in the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular conditions. Culturally sensitive, peer-led community and health care professional education is a necessary step in the prevention of cardiovascular disease. Equitable access to evidence-based cardiovascular preventive health care should be available for all women regardless of race and ethnicity; however, these guidelines are not equally incorporated into clinical practice. This scientific statement reviews the current evidence on racial and ethnic differences in cardiovascular risk factors and current cardiovascular preventive therapies for women in the United States.
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13
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Liang X, He H, Zeng H, Wei L, Yang J, Wen Y, Fan S, Fan J. The relationship between polycystic ovary syndrome and coronary heart disease: a bibliometric analysis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1172750. [PMID: 37223024 PMCID: PMC10200869 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1172750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common gynecological endocrine diseases for women of puberty and reproductive age. PCOS can affect women's health for the rest of their lives since the incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD) may increase in the perimenopausal and senile periods among PCOS women compared with non-PCOS women. Method A literature retrieval based on the Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-E) database. All obtained records results were downloaded in plain text format for subsequent analysis. VOSviewer v1.6.10, Citespace and Microsoft Excel 2010 software were utilized for analyzing the following terms: countries, institutions, authors, journals, references and keywords. Results There were 312 articles retrieved from January 1, 2000 to February 8, 2023, and the frequency of citations was 23,587. The United States, England, and Italy contributed the majority of the records. Harvard University, the University of Athens, and Monash University were the top 3 most productive institutions with publications on the relationship between PCOS and CHD. Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism ranked first with the highest publications (24 records), followed by Fertility and sterility (18 records). The keywords were divided into six clusters in the overlay keywords network: (1) the correlation between CHD risk factors and PCOS women; (2) the relationship between cardiovascular disease and female reproductive system hormone secretion; (3) the interaction between CHD and metabolic syndrome; (4) the relationship between c-reactive protein and endothelial function and oxidative stress in PCOS patients; (5) the potential positive effect of metformin on reducing CHD risk factors in PCOS patients; (6) the study of serum cholesterol and body-fat distribution in patients with CHD in PCOS. Oxidative stress, genome-wide association, obesity, primary prevention, and sex difference were main hotspots in this field in recent five years according to the keyword citation burst analysis. Conclusion The article obtained the hotspots and trends and provided a reference for subsequent research on the association between PCOS and CHD. Moreover, it is hypothesized that oxidative stress and genome-wide association were frontier hotspots in studies that explore the relationship between PCOS and CHD, and prevention research may be valued in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuzhi Liang
- Department of Gynecology, Guangxi Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Haijing He
- Department of Gynecology, Guangxi Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Hao Zeng
- Department of Gynecology, Guangxi Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Liuyi Wei
- Department of Gynecology, Guangxi Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jiahuang Yang
- Department of Gynecology, Guangxi Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yuqi Wen
- Department of Gynecology, Guangxi Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Siqi Fan
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Bonn, Bonn, North Rhin-Westphalia, Germany
| | - Jiangtao Fan
- Department of Gynecology, Guangxi Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China
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14
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Lynn AY, Solomon N, Zamani M, Rowe E, Seifer DB, Vash-Margita A. Evaluation of the Association of Endometrial Thickness, Insulin Resistance, and Menstrual Patterns in Adolescent Females with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2023; 36:134-139. [PMID: 36403727 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpag.2022.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE To evaluate endometrial stripe (EMS) thickness and its association with menstrual pattern and insulin resistance in adolescent females with or at risk for polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) METHODS: This was a retrospective case-control study of adolescent females ranging between 12 and 21 years old evaluated in the Adolescent Gynecology & Endocrinology Clinic (AGEC) at a tertiary children's hospital between 2017 and 2021. Transabdominal pelvic ultrasound (US) was obtained for evaluation of PCOS or acute pelvic pain. Unadjusted comparisons were performed between imaging measurements in the PCOS and control (girls without PCOS with acute pelvic pain) groups, as well as analysis of the PCOS group adjusted for age, body mass index, race, and biochemical values. This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board. RESULTS In our study, 54 subjects met the inclusion criteria for the PCOS group and 42 for the control group. EMS thickness was thinner in the PCOS group than in the control (0.55 ± 0.31 cm vs 0.70 ± 0.23 cm; P < .001). There was no difference in EMS thickness in the PCOS group when stratified by intermenstrual interval, insulin resistance, and other biochemical factors. CONCLUSION Our findings support recommendations by the 2018 International Guidelines to avoid use of US for the establishment of PCOS diagnosis in adolescents. These results highlight the unique pathophysiology of adolescent PCOS in contrast to PCOS in adult women. Further large-scale prospective studies are needed to understand the role of EMS thickness as a prognostic marker in adolescent PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Y Lynn
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, & Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Nadia Solomon
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Mark Zamani
- Department of Statistics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida
| | - Erin Rowe
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - David B Seifer
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, & Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Alla Vash-Margita
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, & Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
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15
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Juber NF, Abdulle A, AlJunaibi A, AlNaeemi A, Ahmad A, Leinberger-Jabari A, Al Dhaheri AS, AlZaabi E, Al-Maskari F, AlAnouti F, Alsafar H, Alkaabi J, Wareth LA, Aljaber M, Kazim M, Weitzman M, Al-Houqani M, Hag-Ali M, Oumeziane N, Sherman S, Shah SM, Almahmeed W, Idaghdour Y, Loney T, El-Shahawy O, Ali R. Association Between Self-Reported Polycystic Ovary Syndrome with Chronic Diseases Among Emiratis: A Cross-Sectional Analysis from the UAE Healthy Future Study. Int J Womens Health 2023; 15:289-298. [PMID: 36814527 PMCID: PMC9939944 DOI: 10.2147/ijwh.s398651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to assess the prevalence of self-reported polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) among Emiratis and examine bi-directional associations of PCOS with self-reported chronic diseases, namely: diabetes, asthma, high cholesterol, and high blood pressure. Patients and Methods A cross-sectional analysis was performed using the UAE Healthy Future Study (UAEHFS) data collected from February 2016 to April 2022 involving 1040 Emirati women aged 25-67 years from recruitment centers in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The bi-directional associations between self-reported PCOS and self-reported chronic diseases were evaluated by establishing temporality based on reported age-at-diagnoses. Firstly, the associations between PCOS (diagnosed at ≥25 years) and chronic diseases (diagnosed at <25 years) were examined, followed by PCOS (diagnosed at <25 years) and chronic diseases (diagnosed at ≥25 years). Finally, a Poisson regression under unadjusted and age-and-body mass index (BMI) adjusted models was performed to obtain the risk ratio (RR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI). Results The prevalence of PCOS in this study was 25.9%. Those with asthma and high cholesterol diagnosed at <25 years had increased risks of PCOS diagnosed at ≥25 years (RR = 1.79, 95% CI: 1.17-2.76 for asthma; and RR = 1.61, 95% CI: 1.01-2.59 for high cholesterol), compared to those respective healthier counterparts, after adjusting for age and BMI. No significant association was observed between PCOS diagnosed at <25 years and respective chronic diseases diagnosed at ≥25 years. Conclusion PCOS prevalence among Emirati women was high. Asthma and high cholesterol in earlier life were associated with PCOS in later life. Understanding how chronic disease conditions and PCOS are associated in bi-directional ways may improve the surveillance of chronic disease conditions among women with PCOS and may also contribute to more targeted PCOS prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirmin F Juber
- Public Health Research Center, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Abdishakur Abdulle
- Public Health Research Center, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Abdulla AlJunaibi
- Department of Pediatrics, Zayed Military Hospital, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Abdulla AlNaeemi
- Department of Cardiology, Zayed Military Hospital, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Amar Ahmad
- Public Health Research Center, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Ayesha S Al Dhaheri
- Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Eiman AlZaabi
- Department of Pathology, Sheikh Shakhbout Medical City, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fatma Al-Maskari
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
- Zayed Center for Health Sciences, UAE University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fatme AlAnouti
- College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Habiba Alsafar
- Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Juma Alkaabi
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Mai Aljaber
- Healthpoint Hospital, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Marina Kazim
- Abu Dhabi Blood Bank Services, SEHA, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Michael Weitzman
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mohammad Al-Houqani
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammed Hag-Ali
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Higher Colleges of Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Naima Oumeziane
- Abu Dhabi Blood Bank Services, SEHA, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Scott Sherman
- Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Syed M Shah
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Wael Almahmeed
- Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Youssef Idaghdour
- Public Health Research Center, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Tom Loney
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Omar El-Shahawy
- Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Raghib Ali
- Public Health Research Center, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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16
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The Implication of Mechanistic Approaches and the Role of the Microbiome in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): A Review. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13010129. [PMID: 36677054 PMCID: PMC9863528 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13010129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
As a complex endocrine and metabolic condition, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) affects women's reproductive health. These common symptoms include hirsutism, hyperandrogenism, ovulatory dysfunction, irregular menstruation, and infertility. No one knows what causes it or how to stop it yet. Alterations in gut microbiota composition and disruptions in secondary bile acid production appear to play a causative role in developing PCOS. PCOS pathophysiology and phenotypes are tightly related to both enteric and vaginal bacteria. Patients with PCOS exhibit changed microbiome compositions and decreased microbial diversity. Intestinal microorganisms also alter PCOS patient phenotypes by upregulating or downregulating hormone release, gut-brain mediators, and metabolite synthesis. The human body's gut microbiota, also known as the "second genome," can interact with the environment to improve metabolic and immunological function. Inflammation is connected to PCOS and may be caused by dysbiosis in the gut microbiome. This review sheds light on the recently discovered connections between gut microbiota and insulin resistance (IR) and the potential mechanisms of PCOS. This study also describes metabolomic studies to obtain a clear view of PCOS and ways to tackle it.
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17
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Kouthouridis S, Robson E, Hartung A, Raha S, Zhang B. Se(XY) matters: the importance of incorporating sex in microphysiological models. Trends Biotechnol 2022; 40:1284-1298. [PMID: 35597689 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2022.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The development of microphysiological models is currently at the forefront of preclinical research. Although these 3D tissue models are being developed to mimic physiological organ function and diseases, which are often sexually dimorphic, sex is usually neglected as a biological variable. For decades, national research agencies have required government-funded clinical trials to include both male and female participants as a means of eliminating male bias. However, this is not the case in preclinical trials, which have been shown to favor male rodents in animal studies and male cell types in in vitro studies. In this Opinion, we highlight the importance of considering sex as a biological variable and outline five approaches for incorporating sex-specific features into current microphysiological models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonya Kouthouridis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Eleanor Robson
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Alicia Hartung
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada; School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Sandeep Raha
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada; Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada.
| | - Boyang Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada; School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada.
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18
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Jensterle M, Herman R, Janež A. Therapeutic Potential of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Agonists in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: From Current Clinical Evidence to Future Perspectives. Biomedicines 2022; 10:1989. [PMID: 36009535 PMCID: PMC9405922 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10081989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the continuous effort to understand the pathophysiology and determine potential therapeutic targets, PCOS treatment largely depends on lifestyle intervention and symptomatic management of individual signs and symptoms. International guidelines recognize the importance of weight reduction as a cornerstone for the achievement of better metabolic, reproductive, and cardiovascular outcomes in PCOS women who are overweight or obese. With its profound weight loss potential in patients with or without diabetes, the administration of GLP-1 receptor agonists has been investigated in overweight/obese women with PCOS in several single-center randomized control trials with considerable variation in the dosing regimen, follow-up duration, and outcome measurements over recent years. Most trials reported superior weight loss effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists compared to lifestyle changes or metformin, with additional metabolic, reproductive, and cardiovascular benefits in this population. However, their use is currently not widely accepted by the clinical community that treats this population. The major concern is how to balance the reproductive and metabolic treatment strategies since the use of GLP-1 receptor agonists requires effective contraception while on therapy and a washout period before pregnancy. Both approaches are not mutually exclusive, yet the best choice requires a careful assessment of the clinical context. Knowing a patient's individual circumstances, precise clinical sub-phenotyping, and regular monitoring are crucial components for the safe and effective use of these new tools. In the present narrative review, we explore the current clinical evidence and provide the future perspectives and challenges for their implementation in PCOS management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojca Jensterle
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, University Medical Center Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Rok Herman
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, University Medical Center Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Andrej Janež
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, University Medical Center Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Triggers Atrial Conduction Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ 2022; 12:802-813. [PMID: 35877459 PMCID: PMC9323031 DOI: 10.3390/ejihpe12070059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is closely related to various adverse cardiovascular manifestations and increased cardiovascular risk. However, atrial fibrillation (AF) development and atrial conduction abnormalities have not been thoroughly studied in patients with PCOS. Methods: This meta-analysis (CRD42021261375) was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. Our aim was to investigate associations between PCOS and disorders in atrial conduction parameters linked with an increased risk for AF occurrence. Results: Five cohort studies with aggregate data on 406 adult women (229 with PCOS and 177 age-matched without PCOS) were included in this analysis. Our results showed a significantly increased mean difference in P-wave maximum duration (+7.63 ± 7.07 msec; p < 0.01) and P-wave dispersion (+11.42 ± 5.22 msec; p = 0.03) of patients with PCOS compared to healthy women. The mean difference in P-wave minimum duration (−2.22 ± 2.68 msec; p = 0.11) did not reach the statistical threshold between the compared groups. Echocardiographic measurements of atrial electromechanical delay (AED) also indicated a statistically significant mean difference in favour of the PCOS group in all assessed parameters, except for atrial electromechanical coupling (PA) in the tricuspid annulus. Particularly, PCOS was associated with increased lateral PA, septal PA, inter- and intra-AED durations (mean difference: +17.31 ± 9.02 msec; p < 0.01, +11.63 ± 7.42 msec; p < 0.01, +15.31 ± 9.18 msec; p < 0.01, +9.31 ± 6.85 msec; p < 0.01, respectively). Conclusions: PCOS is strongly associated with alterations in several electrocardiographic and echocardiographic parameters indicating abnormal atrial conduction. Therefore, PCOS could be considered as a causal or triggering factor of AF. Larger studies are needed to confirm these results and investigate direct associations between PCOS and AF.
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20
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Salcedo AC, Shehata H, Berry A, Riba C. Insulin resistance and other risk factors of cardiovascular disease amongst women with abnormal uterine bleeding. JOURNAL OF INSULIN RESISTANCE 2022. [DOI: 10.4102/jir.v5i1.67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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21
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Reckelhoff JF, Shawky NM, Romero DG, Yanes Cardozo LL. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Insights from Preclinical Research. KIDNEY360 2022; 3:1449-1457. [PMID: 36176644 PMCID: PMC9416822 DOI: 10.34067/kid.0002052022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age, affecting approximately 10%. PCOS is diagnosed by the presence of at least two of these three criteria: hyperandrogenemia, oligo- or anovulation, and polycystic ovaries. The most common type (80%) of PCOS includes hyperandrogenemia. PCOS is also characterized by obesity or overweight (in 80% of US women with PCOS), insulin resistance with elevated plasma insulin but not necessarily hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, proteinuria, and elevated BP. Although elevated compared with age-matched controls, BP may not reach levels considered treatable according to the current clinical hypertension guidelines. However, it is well known that elevated BP, even modestly so, increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. We have developed a model of hyperandrogenemia in rodents that mimics the characteristics of PCOS in women, with increases in body weight, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, andproteinuria and elevated BP. This review discusses potential mechanisms responsible for the elevated BP in the adult and aging PCOS rat model that may be extrapolated to women with PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane F. Reckelhoff
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology Women’s Health Research Center, Mississippi Center of Excellence in Perinatal Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Noha M. Shawky
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology Women’s Health Research Center, Mississippi Center of Excellence in Perinatal Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Damian G. Romero
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology Women’s Health Research Center, Mississippi Center of Excellence in Perinatal Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Licy L. Yanes Cardozo
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology Women’s Health Research Center, Mississippi Center of Excellence in Perinatal Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
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22
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Chen Y, Ma L, Ge Z, Pan Y, Xie L. Key Genes Associated With Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:888194. [PMID: 35693550 PMCID: PMC9174783 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.888194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common metabolic and endocrinopathies disorder in women of reproductive age and non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD) is one of the most common liver diseases worldwide. Previous research has indicated potential associations between PCOS and NAFLD, but the underlying pathophysiology is still not clear. The present study aims to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between PCOS and NAFLD through the bioinformatics method, and explore the associated molecular mechanisms. Methods: The microarray datasets GSE34526 and GSE63067 were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and analyzed to obtain the DEGs between PCOS and NAFLD with the GEO2R online tool. Next, the Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis for the DEGs were performed. Then, the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed and the hub genes were identified using the STRING database and Cytoscape software. Finally, NetworkAnalyst was used to construct the network between the targeted microRNAs (miRNAs) and the hub genes. Results: A total of 52 genes were identified as DEGs in the above two datasets. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis indicated that DEGs are mostly enriched in immunity and inflammation related pathways. In addition, nine hub genes, including TREM1, S100A9, FPR1, NCF2, FCER1G, CCR1, S100A12, MMP9, and IL1RN were selected from the PPI network by using the cytoHubba and MCODE plug-in. Then, four miRNAs, including miR-20a-5p, miR-129-2-3p, miR-124-3p, and miR-101-3p, were predicted as possibly the key miRNAs through the miRNA-gene network construction. Conclusion: In summary, we firstly constructed a miRNA-gene regulatory network depicting interactions between the predicted miRNA and the hub genes in NAFLD and PCOS, which provides novel insights into the identification of potential biomarkers and valuable therapeutic leads for PCOS and NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Leikai Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhouling Ge
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shanghai University (Wenzhou People’s Hospital), Wenzhou, China
| | - Yizhao Pan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lubin Xie
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Scheres LJJ, van Hylckama Vlieg A, Cannegieter SC. Sex-specific aspects of venous thromboembolism: What is new and what is next? Res Pract Thromb Haemost 2022; 6:e12722. [PMID: 35619638 PMCID: PMC9127145 DOI: 10.1002/rth2.12722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Men seem to have a higher intrinsic risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) than women, regardless of age. To date, this difference has not been explained. By integrating state-of-the-art research presented at the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis Congress of 2021 with the available literature, we address potential explanations for this intriguing risk difference between men and women. We discuss the role of exogenous and endogenous sex hormones as the most important known sex-specific determinants of VTE risk. In addition, we highlight clues on the role of sex hormones and VTE risk from clinical scenarios such as pregnancy and the polycystic ovary syndrome. Furthermore, we address new potential sex-specific risk factors and unanswered research questions, which could provide more insight in the intrinsic risk difference between men and women, such as body height and differences in body fat distribution, leading to dysregulation of metabolism and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luuk J. J. Scheres
- Department of Clinical EpidemiologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine & Radboud Institute of Health Sciences (RIHS)Radboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | | | - Suzanne C. Cannegieter
- Department of Clinical EpidemiologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
- Department of Internal MedicineSection of Thrombosis and HaemostasisLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
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Park HS, Chugh RM, Pergande MR, Cetin E, Siblini H, Esfandyari S, Cologna SM, Al-Hendy A. Non-Cytokine Protein Profile of the Mesenchymal Stem Cell Secretome That Regulates the Androgen Production Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094633. [PMID: 35563028 PMCID: PMC9101816 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine and metabolic disorder in reproductive-aged women, and it typically involves elevated androgen levels. Recently, it has been reported that human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs) can regulate androgen synthesis pathways. However, the details of the mechanism are still unclear. hBM-MSC-derived secreted factors (the secretome) are promising sources of cell-based therapy as they consist of various types of proteins. It is thus important to know which proteins interact with disease-implicated biomolecules. This work aimed to investigate which secretome components contain the key factor that inhibits testosterone synthesis. In this study, we fractionated hBM-MSC-conditioned media into three fractions based on their molecular weights and found that, of the three fractions, one had the ability to inhibit the androgen-producing genes efficiently. We also analyzed the components of this fraction and established a protein profile of the hBM-MSC secretome, which was shown to inhibit androgen synthesis. Our study describes a set of protein components present in the hBM-MSC secretome that can be used therapeutically to treat PCOS by regulating androgen production for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang-Soo Park
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Ave., Chicago, IL 60637, USA; (H.-S.P.); (E.C.); (H.S.)
| | - Rishi Man Chugh
- Department of Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, 820 South Wood Street, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (R.M.C.); (S.E.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Melissa R. Pergande
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA; (M.R.P.); (S.M.C.)
| | - Esra Cetin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Ave., Chicago, IL 60637, USA; (H.-S.P.); (E.C.); (H.S.)
| | - Hiba Siblini
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Ave., Chicago, IL 60637, USA; (H.-S.P.); (E.C.); (H.S.)
| | - Sahar Esfandyari
- Department of Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, 820 South Wood Street, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (R.M.C.); (S.E.)
| | - Stephanie M. Cologna
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA; (M.R.P.); (S.M.C.)
| | - Ayman Al-Hendy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Ave., Chicago, IL 60637, USA; (H.-S.P.); (E.C.); (H.S.)
- Department of Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, 820 South Wood Street, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (R.M.C.); (S.E.)
- Correspondence:
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Shah AK, Yadav BK, Suri A, Shah AK. A study on lipoprotein-a and PAI-1 in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig 2022; 43:357-361. [PMID: 35439403 DOI: 10.1515/hmbci-2021-0044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES PCOS is the most common endocrinological disorder amongst women of reproductive age. The consequences of PCOS extend beyond the reproductive axis and may lead to the development of metabolic syndrome leading to a high risk for hypertension and cardiovascular disease. Therefore, a more comprehensive evaluation of biochemical markers that reflect the cardiovascular risk is required for further understanding of pathophysiologic mechanisms, diagnosis and management. METHODS In this case-control study, women diagnosed with PCOS (n=100) in the age group (18-35 years) years were taken as cases and age matched healthy controls (n=100) were enrolled. Estimations of fasting plasma Glucose, serum total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG) and High-density lipoprotein (HDL) concentrations were assayed while Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) was calculated by using Fredrickson Friedwald's formula. Serum Lipoprotein-a (Lp-a) was estimated using ELISA (Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay). The quantitative data were expressed as Mean ± Standard Deviation (SD). Unpaired Student's t-test was used to compare the values (PCOS vs Controls) and Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to elucidate the relationship between the variables. RESULTS FBS and all lipid parameters were significantly increased in PCOS patients compared to control subjects. On the other hand, HDL-C was significantly decreased as compared to the control subjects. The hormones TSH, LH, FSH, PRL and LH/FSH ratio were significantly increased in PCOS patients compared to control subjects. Lipoprotein-a and PAI-1 was significantly increased in PCOS patients compared to the control subjects. Upon bivariate correlation analysis, Lp(a) had significant correlations with PAI-1 (r=0.35, p=0.000), WHR (r=0.25, p=0.000), LDL (r=0.52, p=0.000) and TSH (r=0.24, p=0.000). While the correlations with FBS (r=-0.008, p=0.91) and LH/FSH ratio (r=-0.004, p=0.95) were statistically insignificant. CONCLUSIONS The evaluation of serum biomarkers such as Lp-a, PAI-1 and lipid profile routinely in PCOS patients may have diagnostic role in the early detection of metabolic abnormalities and endocrine derangements and timely management of comorbid Diabetes and Cardiovascular disease in PCOS females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Kumar Shah
- Department of Biochemistry, Adesh Medical College and Hospital, Shahbad (M), Haryana, India
| | - Birendra Kumar Yadav
- Department of Biochemistry, Banas Medical College and Research Institute, Palanpur, Gujrat, India
| | - Arpita Suri
- Department of Biochemistry, SGT Medical College, Hospital and Research Institute, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
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MacLean JA, Hayashi K. Progesterone Actions and Resistance in Gynecological Disorders. Cells 2022; 11:647. [PMID: 35203298 PMCID: PMC8870180 DOI: 10.3390/cells11040647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Estrogen and progesterone and their signaling mechanisms are tightly regulated to maintain a normal menstrual cycle and to support a successful pregnancy. The imbalance of estrogen and progesterone disrupts their complex regulatory mechanisms, leading to estrogen dominance and progesterone resistance. Gynecological diseases are heavily associated with dysregulated steroid hormones and can induce chronic pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, heavy bleeding, and infertility, which substantially impact the quality of women's lives. Because the menstrual cycle repeatably occurs during reproductive ages with dynamic changes and remodeling of reproductive-related tissues, these alterations can accumulate and induce chronic and recurrent conditions. This review focuses on faulty progesterone signaling mechanisms and cellular responses to progesterone in endometriosis, adenomyosis, leiomyoma (uterine fibroids), polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and endometrial hyperplasia. We also summarize the association with gene mutations and steroid hormone regulation in disease progression as well as current hormonal therapies and the clinical consequences of progesterone resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A. MacLean
- Center for Reproductive Biology, School of Molecular Biosciences, Washington State University, 1770 NE Stadium Way, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Kanako Hayashi
- Center for Reproductive Biology, School of Molecular Biosciences, Washington State University, 1770 NE Stadium Way, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
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Al-Lami RA, Taha SA, Jalloul RJ, Taylor HS. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein is not independently associated with self-reported infertility in National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2015–2018 data. F S Rep 2021; 3:63-70. [PMID: 35386498 PMCID: PMC8978077 DOI: 10.1016/j.xfre.2021.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To study the association between high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and infertility among reproductive-age women while controlling for obesity and other metabolic markers. Previous studies found a link between infertility and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). C-reactive protein is a sensitive marker of CVDs, and its levels are affected by obesity. Design/Setting We conducted a cross-sectional study using national data from 2015 through 2018. Patients A total of 940 women aged 20–45 years who self-reported infertility, had hs-CRP values measured, and did not have CRP >10 mg/L, asthma, arthritis, bronchitis, thyroid disease, bilateral oophorectomy, hysterectomy, and who were not breastfeeding or pregnant, premenarchal at the time of study or had menarche after the age of 20. Interventions N/A. Main outcome measure(s) Infertility status (ever reporting inability to conceive with 12 months of trying to become pregnant). Results In comparison to noninfertile women, self-reported infertile women had higher mean of hs-CRP (3.11 mg/L vs. 2.40 mg/L) and higher percentage of moderate/high hs-CRP values (77.0% vs 58.8%). However, after adjusting for metabolic markers, there was a nonsignificant association between moderate/high hs-CRP and self-reported infertility in the multivariable logistic regression analysis. Odds ratio estimates of the association between hs-CRP and infertility increased over 40% after removing obesity measures and/or high-density lipoprotein from regression models. Conclusion There was no association between hs-CRP and self-reported infertility after controlling for obesity measures and other risk factors for CVDs in a sample of U.S. women aged 20–45 years.
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Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Conditioned Media Regulate Steroidogenesis and Inhibit Androgen Secretion in a PCOS Cell Model via BMP-2. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179184. [PMID: 34502090 PMCID: PMC8431467 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in women. Previous studies have demonstrated the therapeutic efficacy of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-hMSCs) for PCOS; however, the regulatory mechanism remains unknown. Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) secreted by BM-hMSCs may underlie the therapeutic effect of these cells on PCOS, based on the ability of BMPs to modulate androgen production and alter steroidogenesis pathway enzymes. In this study, we analyze the effect of BMP-2 on androgen production and steroidogenic pathway enzymes in H295R cells as a human PCOS in vitro cell model. In H295R cells, BMP-2 significantly suppressed cell proliferation, androgen production, and expression of androgen-synthesizing genes, as well as inflammatory gene expression. Furthermore, H295R cells treated with the BM-hMSCs secretome in the presence of neutralizing BMP-2 antibody or with BMP-2 gene knockdown showed augmented expression of androgen-producing genes. Taken together, these results indicate that BMP-2 is a key player mediating the favorable effects of the BM-hMSCs secretome in a human PCOS cell model. BMP-2 overexpression could increase the efficacy of BM-hMSC-based therapy, serving as a novel stem cell therapy for patients with intractable PCOS.
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29
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Costache MF, Arhirii RE, Mogos SJ, Lupascu-Ursulescu C, Litcanu CI, Ciumanghel AI, Cucu C, Ghiciuc CM, Petris AO, Danila N. Giant androgen-producing adrenocortical carcinoma with atrial flutter: A case report and review of the literature. World J Clin Cases 2021; 9:5575-5587. [PMID: 34307612 PMCID: PMC8281402 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i20.5575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC), the second most aggressive malignant tumor, lacks epidemiological data worldwide; therefore, every new case can improve the understanding of the pathology and treatment of this malignancy.
CASE SUMMARY We present the case of a 66-year-old Caucasian woman with a giant androgen-producing ACC (21 cm × 17 cm × 12 cm; 2100 g), without metastases, which unusually presented with an acute onset of atrial flutter and congestive heart failure. The cardiac complications observed in our case support the hypothesis that androgen excess in women is a cardiovascular risk factor. Androgen excess in women can be a rare cause of reversible dilated cardiomyopathy, therefore a comprehensive approach to the patient is essential to improve the recognition of androgen-secreting ACC. The atrial flutter was remitted after initiation of drug treatment during admission. The severe heart failure was totally remitted at 6 mo after radical open surgery to remove the giant ACC.
CONCLUSION Radical open surgery to remove a giant androgen-producing ACC was the first-line treatment to cure the excess of androgen, which determined the total remission of cardiac complications at 6 mo after surgery in the women of this case report.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mircea-Florin Costache
- Surgery Clinic, Saint Spiridon University Clinical Emergency Hospital, Iasi 700111, Romania
| | - Raluca-Elena Arhirii
- Cardiology Clinic, Saint Spiridon University Clinical Emergency Hospital, Iasi 700111, Romania
| | - Simona-Juliette Mogos
- Department of Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi 700115, Romania
- Endocrinology Clinic, Saint Spiridon University Clinical Emergency Hospital, Iasi 700111, Romania
| | - Corina Lupascu-Ursulescu
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi 700115, Romania
- Radiology Clinic, Saint Spiridon University Clinical Emergency Hospital, Iasi 700111, Romania
| | | | - Adi-Ionut Ciumanghel
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care Department, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi 700115, Romania
- Anesthesia and Intensive Care Department, Saint Spiridon University Clinical Emergency Hospital, Iasi 700111, Romania
| | - Catalina Cucu
- Histopatology Department, Saint Spiridon University Clinical Emergency Hospital, Iasi 700111, Romania
| | - Cristina-Mihaela Ghiciuc
- Department of Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology and Algesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi 700115, Romania
| | - Antoniu-Octavian Petris
- Cardiology Clinic, Saint Spiridon University Clinical Emergency Hospital, Iasi 700111, Romania
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi 700115, Romania
| | - Nicolae Danila
- Surgery Clinic, Saint Spiridon University Clinical Emergency Hospital, Iasi 700111, Romania
- Surgery Clinic, Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi 700115, Romania
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Chugh RM, Park HS, El Andaloussi A, Elsharoud A, Esfandyari S, Ulin M, Bakir L, Aboalsoud A, Ali M, Ashour D, Igboeli P, Ismail N, McAllister J, Al-Hendy A. Mesenchymal stem cell therapy ameliorates metabolic dysfunction and restores fertility in a PCOS mouse model through interleukin-10. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:388. [PMID: 34233746 PMCID: PMC8261924 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02472-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine and metabolic disorder in reproductive-age women. Excessive inflammation and elevated androgen production from ovarian theca cells are key features of PCOS. Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-hMSC) and their secreted factors (secretome) exhibit robust anti-inflammatory capabilities in various biological systems. We evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of BM-hMSC and its secretome in both in vitro and in vivo PCOS models. METHODS For in vitro experiment, we treated conditioned media from BM-hMSC to androgen-producing H293R cells and analyzed androgen-producing gene expression. For in vivo experiment, BM-hMSC were implanted into letrozole (LTZ)-induced PCOS mouse model. BM-hMSC effect in androgen-producing cells or PCOS model mice was assessed by monitoring cell proliferation (immunohistochemistry), steroidogenic gene expression (quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction [qRT-PCR] and Western blot, animal tissue assay (H&E staining), and fertility by pup delivery. RESULTS BM-hMSC significantly downregulate steroidogenic gene expression, curb inflammation, and restore fertility in treated PCOS animals. The anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10) played a key role in mediating the effects of BM-hMSC in our PCOS models. We demonstrated that BM-hMSC treatment was improved in metabolic and reproductive markers in our PCOS model and able to restore fertility. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates for the first time the efficacy of intra-ovarian injection of BM-hMSC or its secretome to treat PCOS-related phenotypes, including both metabolic and reproductive dysfunction. This approach may represent a novel therapeutic option for women with PCOS. Our results suggest that BM-hMSC can reverse PCOS-induced inflammation through IL-10 secretion. BM-hMSC might be a novel and robust therapeutic approach for PCOS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishi Man Chugh
- Department of Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, 820 South Wood Street, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Hang-Soo Park
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Ave, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Abdeljabar El Andaloussi
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, 820 South Wood Street, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Amro Elsharoud
- Department of Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, 820 South Wood Street, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Sahar Esfandyari
- Department of Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, 820 South Wood Street, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Mara Ulin
- Department of Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, 820 South Wood Street, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Lale Bakir
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Illinois at Chicago, 820 South Wood Street, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Alshimaa Aboalsoud
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Illinois at Chicago, 820 South Wood Street, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
- Department of pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Ali
- Department of Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, 820 South Wood Street, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dalia Ashour
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Illinois at Chicago, 820 South Wood Street, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Prosper Igboeli
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Illinois at Chicago, 820 South Wood Street, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Nahed Ismail
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, 820 South Wood Street, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Jan McAllister
- Department of Pathology, Penn State Hershey College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Ayman Al-Hendy
- Department of Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, 820 South Wood Street, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Ave, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Illinois at Chicago, 820 South Wood Street, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
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Obesity-associated cardiovascular risk in women: hypertension and heart failure. Clin Sci (Lond) 2021; 135:1523-1544. [PMID: 34160010 DOI: 10.1042/cs20210384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of obesity-associated cardiovascular diseases begins long prior to the presentation of a cardiovascular event. In both men and women, cardiovascular events, and their associated hospitalizations and mortality, are often clinically predisposed by the presentation of a chronic cardiovascular risk factor. Obesity increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases in both sexes, however, the clinical prevalence of obesity, as well as its contribution to crucial cardiovascular risk factors is dependent on sex. The mechanisms via which obesity leads to cardiovascular risk is also discrepant in women between their premenopausal, pregnancy and postmenopausal phases of life. Emerging data indicate that at all reproductive statuses and ages, the presentation of a cardiovascular event in obese women is strongly associated with hypertension and its subsequent chronic risk factor, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). In addition, emerging evidence indicates that obesity increases the risk of both hypertension and heart failure in pregnancy. This review will summarize clinical and experimental data on the female-specific prevalence and mechanisms of hypertension and heart failure in women across reproductive stages and highlight the particular risks in pregnancy as well as emerging data in a high-risk ethnicity in women of African ancestry (AA).
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Douglas CC, Jones R, Green R, Brown K, Yount G, Williams R. University Students with PCOS Demonstrate Limited Nutrition Knowledge. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH EDUCATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/19325037.2021.1877218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Bräuner E, Koch T, Doherty D, Dickinson J, Juul A, Hart R, Hickey M. The association between in utero exposure to maternal psychological stress and female reproductive function in adolescence: A prospective cohort study. COMPREHENSIVE PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY 2021; 5:100026. [PMID: 35754448 PMCID: PMC9216597 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpnec.2020.100026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Experimental studies suggest that prenatal stress affects reproductive function in female offspring, but human evidence is sparse and inconsistent. In this present study, we aim to investigate whether maternal psychological stress, quantified as stressful life events during pregnancy, affect reproductive function in the female offspring. Method In a large population-based pregnancy cohort study (The Raine Study) continuously followed from prenatal life through to adolescence we examined the association between the number of maternal stressful life events in both early and late gestation and subsequent ovarian and uterine function in 228 female adolescent offspring. Mothers prospectively reported stressful life events during pregnancy at 18 and 34 weeks using a standardized 10-point questionnaire. Female offspring (n = 228) age 14-16 years underwent gynecological examination including transabdominal abdominal ultrasound (TAUS) to measure uterine volume and ovarian AFC. Plasma samples on day 2-6 of the spontaneous menstrual cycle measured circulating AMH and inhibin B. Multivariate linear regression analysis was used to examine the associations between maternal stressful life events and reproductive function in female offspring. Adolescents taking hormonal contraception were excluded. Results Most adolescents (145/228, 64%) were exposed to at least one stressful life event in early gestation and around half (125/228, 55%) were exposed to at least one in later gestation. Exposure to one or more maternal stressful life events in late gestation was associated with a greater uterine volume (β = 0.13, 95% CI 0.04; 0.23) and higher ovarian AFC (β = 0.19, 95% CI 0.02; 0.35) at age 14-16 years. No associations between maternal stressful events in late gestation and reproductive function were identified. No associations between stressful life events in early or late gestation and circulating AMH or Inhibin B were observed. Conclusion Maternal psychological stress in late, but not early gestation was associated with a significantly greater uterine volume and ovarian antral follicle count (AFC) in adolescent offspring but did not affect ovarian production of antimullerian hormone (AMH) or Inhibin B. These findings suggest that female reproductive function is influenced by prenatal exposure to stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- E.V. Bräuner
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
- The International Research and Research Training Centre in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - T. Koch
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
- The International Research and Research Training Centre in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - D.A. Doherty
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - J.E. Dickinson
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - A. Juul
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
- The International Research and Research Training Centre in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - R. Hart
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Fertility Specialists of Western Australia, Bethesda Hospital, Claremont, Western Australia, Australia
| | - M. Hickey
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Olaniyi KS, Oniyide AA, Adeyanju OA, Ojulari LS, Omoaghe AO, Olaiya OE. Low dose spironolactone-mediated androgen-adiponectin modulation alleviates endocrine-metabolic disturbances in letrozole-induced PCOS. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2021; 411:115381. [PMID: 33359182 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2020.115381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), is a multifactorial endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age. It usually associates with metabolic disorders (MDs), which aggravates the risk of infertility, cardiometabolic events and associated comorbidities in women with PCOS. Adiponectin, a circulating protein produced by adipocytes, which has been suggested to inversely correlate with MDs. Spironolactone, a non-selective mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) antagonist, has been in wide clinical use for several decades. Herein, we investigated the effects of low dose spironolactone (LDS) and the role of adiponectin in endocrine-metabolic disturbances in experimentally-induced PCOS rats. Eighteen female Wistar rats (160-180 g) were randomly allotted into 3 groups and treated with vehicle (p.o.), letrozole (LET; 1 mg/kg) and LET + LDS (0.25 mg/kg), once daily for 21 days, respectively. The results showed that LET-treated animals had features of PCOS, characterized by elevated plasma testosterone and prolactin, increased body weight gain and ovarian weight as well as disrupted ovarian cytoarchitecture and degenerated follicles. Additionally, elevated fasting blood glucose, 1 h-postload glucose and plasma insulin, impaired glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, reduced insulin sensitivity, increased plasma and ovarian lipid profile, plasma lipid peroxidation, TNF-α, IL-6 and decreased plasma glutathione peroxidase and glutathione content were observed. These alterations were associated with decreased circulating adiponectin and were reversed when treated with LDS. The present results suggest that LDS ameliorates endocrine-metabolic disturbances and inflammation-related comorbidities associated with LET-induced PCOS by modulating circulating androgen-adiponectin status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kehinde S Olaniyi
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti 360101, Nigeria.
| | - Adesola A Oniyide
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti 360101, Nigeria
| | - Oluwaseun A Adeyanju
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti 360101, Nigeria.
| | - Lekan S Ojulari
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti 360101, Nigeria
| | - Adams O Omoaghe
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti 360101, Nigeria
| | - Oluranti E Olaiya
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti 360101, Nigeria
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Skrzyńska KJ, Zachurzok A, Gawlik AM. Metabolic and Hormonal Profile of Adolescent Girls With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome With Concomitant Autoimmune Thyroiditis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:708910. [PMID: 34276569 PMCID: PMC8283692 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.708910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Both polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and autoimmune thyroiditis (AT) are considered to be among the most common endocrinopathies in young women, and they are classified as diseases that affect many processes in the human body. Their role in the development of metabolic disorders and diseases of the cardiovascular system in adult women is also emphasized. However, there are no data available to assess such risk in the teenage girl population. The aim of the study was to assess the hormonal and metabolic profile of adolescent girls with PCOS, additionally diagnosed with AT, as well as to identify possible risk factors for the coexistence of AT and PCOS. MATERIAL AND METHODS 80 euthyroidic PCOS patients were qualified for the study (chronological age 16.54 ± 1.00 years, BMI 24.60 ± 4.16 kg/m2). Eighteen girls diagnosed with AT were included in the study group and 62 girls without AT-in the control group. Each patient had biochemical and hormonal tests performed. Additionally, to diagnose AT, the level of antibodies against thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) and anti-thyroglobulin (anti-TG), as well as the image of the thyroid gland on ultrasound examination, were taken into account. RESULTS Estradiol concentration was significantly higher in the study than in the control group (203.00 ± 217.00 vs. 152.00 ± 78.50 pmol/L, p=0.02). Higher DHEAS concentrations were also observed in the AT group compared with the group without AT (391.28 ± 176.40 vs. 317.93 ± 114.27 µg/dl, p=0.04). Moreover, there was a positive correlation between AT and estradiol concentration (ry=0.27; p=0.04). It was also shown that there is a tendency toward statistical significance for the positive correlation between the positive anti-TPO titer and the glucose concentration at 120 min OGTT (rƴ=0.26; p=0.07) and girls with PCOS and AT had higher glucose levels in 120 min OGTT (115.29±41.70 vs. 98.56±28.02 mg/dl, p=0.08). CONCLUSION The study results showed no difference in the metabolic profile between the groups. The high concentration of estradiol found in girls with PCOS and AT may indicate the role of this hormone in the development of the autoimmune process. However, the numbers are small, and more research is needed to confirm our findings.
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Risk of major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events in Taiwanese women with endometriosis. J Formos Med Assoc 2021; 120:327-336. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2020.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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Sharma M, Barai RS, Kundu I, Bhaye S, Pokar K, Idicula-Thomas S. PCOSKB R2: a database of genes, diseases, pathways, and networks associated with polycystic ovary syndrome. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14738. [PMID: 32895427 PMCID: PMC7477240 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71418-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
PolyCystic Ovary Syndrome KnowledgeBase (PCOSKBR2) is a manually curated database with information on 533 genes, 145 SNPs, 29 miRNAs, 1,150 pathways, and 1,237 diseases associated with PCOS. This data has been retrieved based on evidence gleaned by critically reviewing literature and related records available for PCOS in databases such as KEGG, DisGeNET, OMIM, GO, Reactome, STRING, and dbSNP. Since PCOS is associated with multiple genes and comorbidities, data mining algorithms for comorbidity prediction and identification of enriched pathways and hub genes are integrated in PCOSKBR2, making it an ideal research platform for PCOS. PCOSKBR2 is freely accessible at http://www.pcoskb.bicnirrh.res.in/ .
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Affiliation(s)
- Mridula Sharma
- Biomedical Informatics Center, Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai, 400012, India
| | - Ram Shankar Barai
- Biomedical Informatics Center, Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai, 400012, India
| | - Indra Kundu
- Biomedical Informatics Center, Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai, 400012, India
| | - Sameeksha Bhaye
- Biomedical Informatics Center, Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai, 400012, India
| | - Khushal Pokar
- Biomedical Informatics Center, Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai, 400012, India
| | - Susan Idicula-Thomas
- Biomedical Informatics Center, Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai, 400012, India.
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Zierau L, Meteran H, Backer V, Lindenberg S, Skytthe A, Thomsen SF. The risk of asthma is increased among women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a twin study. ERJ Open Res 2019; 5:00018-2018. [PMID: 31544109 PMCID: PMC6745411 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00018-2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recent registry studies have demonstrated a higher prevalence of asthma among women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). We aimed to assess the association and heritability of PCOS and asthma in a Danish twin cohort. Methods Data for 32 382 female twins from the Danish Twin Registry were included. Twins with PCOS were identified by searching the Danish National Patient Registry for International Classification of Diseases-10 code E28.2. Asthma was diagnosed by questionnaires. Results 103 (0.3%) women had a PCOS diagnosis. The risk of asthma was increased among women with PCOS compared with women without (18% versus 9%, respectively; OR 2.11 (95% CI 1.13-3.96); p=0.02). After adjustment for age, body mass index, alcohol consumption and smoking status, the risk of asthma was still increased, but was no longer statistically significant (OR 1.54 (95% CI 0.75-3.17); p=0.24). Variance components analysis showed that shared environmental factors explained 49% (95% CI 24-68%) and unique environmental factors explained 51% (95% CI 32-76%) of the susceptibility to PCOS. For asthma, 44% (95% CI 28-61%) of the variance was explained by genetic factors, whereas 25% (95% CI 11-38%) was ascribable to shared environmental factors and 31% (95% CI 26-36%) to unique environmental factors. Conclusion The risk of asthma is twice as high among female twins with PCOS. The individual susceptibility to PCOS is mainly due to environmental factors and not genetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Zierau
- Respiratory Research Unit, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Copenhagen Fertility Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Howraman Meteran
- Respiratory Research Unit, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Vibeke Backer
- Respiratory Research Unit, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Axel Skytthe
- The Danish Twin Registry, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Simon Francis Thomsen
- Dept of Dermatology, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Dept of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Ramly B, Afiqah-Aleng N, Mohamed-Hussein ZA. Protein-Protein Interaction Network Analysis Reveals Several Diseases Highly Associated with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E2959. [PMID: 31216618 PMCID: PMC6627153 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20122959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on clinical observations, women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) are prone to developing several other diseases, such as metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. However, the molecular association between PCOS and these diseases remains poorly understood. Recent studies showed that the information from protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis are useful in understanding the disease association in detail. This study utilized this approach to deepen the knowledge on the association between PCOS and other diseases. A PPI network for PCOS was constructed using PCOS-related proteins (PCOSrp) obtained from PCOSBase. MCODE was used to identify highly connected regions in the PCOS network, known as subnetworks. These subnetworks represent protein families, where their molecular information is used to explain the association between PCOS and other diseases. Fisher's exact test and comorbidity data were used to identify PCOS-disease subnetworks. Pathway enrichment analysis was performed on the PCOS-disease subnetworks to identify significant pathways that are highly involved in the PCOS-disease associations. Migraine, schizophrenia, depressive disorder, obesity, and hypertension, along with twelve other diseases, were identified to be highly associated with PCOS. The identification of significant pathways, such as ribosome biogenesis, antigen processing and presentation, and mitophagy, suggest their involvement in the association between PCOS and migraine, schizophrenia, and hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balqis Ramly
- Centre for Bioinformatics Research, Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Nor Afiqah-Aleng
- Centre for Bioinformatics Research, Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Zeti-Azura Mohamed-Hussein
- Centre for Bioinformatics Research, Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia.
- Centre for Frontier Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Blood pressure in postmenopausal women with a history of polycystic ovary syndrome. MENOPAUSE REVIEW 2019; 18:94-98. [PMID: 31485206 PMCID: PMC6719632 DOI: 10.5114/pm.2019.84039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder at reproductive age, affecting 6-10% of females in this group. The aetiology of this syndrome is not fully understood. Genetics, endocrinology factors, and the influence of the environment are possible causes of this syndrome. PCOS is characterised by menstrual disorders, hyperandrogenism, and abnormalities in ovarian morphology as well as metabolic disorders. PCOS increases the risk of overweight and obesity, diabetes, endometrial cancer, and cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension along with all its long-term consequences. There are limited studies about cardiovascular disorders, especially hypertension, in postmenopausal women with a history of PCOS. The presented paper is an attempt to briefly summarise literature data concerning the influence of this disease on the incidence of hypertension and blood pressure control in postmenopausal women. Women with PCOS more often present features of metabolic syndrome and have increased cardiovascular risk factors including hypertension. The prevalence of hypertension is 2.5 times higher than in corresponding healthy peers. Furthermore, hyperandrogenaemia is associated with elevated blood pressure independent of the patient's age, insulin resistance, obesity, and dyslipidaemia. In view of this, these patients should be thoroughly screened for hypertensive disorders and educated about the lifestyle modifications that could prevent hypertension later in life.
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LAZÚROVÁ I, LAZÚROVÁ Z, FIGUROVÁ J, UJHÁZI S, DRAVECKÁ I, MAŠLANKOVÁ J, MAREKOVÁ M. Relationship Between Steroid Hormones and Metabolic Profile in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Physiol Res 2019; 68:457-465. [DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is commonly associated with a higher cardiometabolic risk. The relationship between steroid hormones and cardiometabolic profile in PCOS has been evaluated, but no single hormonal predictor of this association has been identified to determine. To determine the relationship between steroid hormones and cardiometabolic risk factors in PCOS women. Study included 64 women diagnosed with PCOS. Fasting blood samples were analyzed for biochemical, metabolic parameters and sex steroid hormones. PCOS women with BMI≥27 had significantly higher serum free testosterone (FT), free androgen index (FAI), estrone (E1) (p=0.014, p=0.02, p=0.01) than those with normal weight. In all subjects E1 positively correlated with BMI (p=0.0067), serum insulin (p=0.0046), HOMA-IR (p=0.0125) and negatively with HDL-cholesterol (p=0.009). FAI positively correlated with serum cholesterol (p=0.0457), triacylglycerols (TAG) (p=0.0001), HOMA-IR (p=0.037), and glycemia (p=0.0001), negatively with HDL-cholesterol (p=0.029). In multiple linear regression model E1 most significantly predicted HOMA-IR, whereas FT/FAI predicted HDL-cholesterol and BMI. We conclude that PCOS women with marked overweight or obesity have higher FT, FAI and E1 as compared with nonobese PCOS subjects. E1 and FT may predict worse cardiometabolic profile in PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- I. LAZÚROVÁ
- First Department of Internal medicine, Medical Faculty of P. J. Šafarik University, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Z. LAZÚROVÁ
- Fourth Department of Internal medicine, L. Pasteur University Hospital, Košice, Slovakia
| | - J. FIGUROVÁ
- First Department of Internal medicine, Medical Faculty of P. J. Šafarik University, Košice, Slovakia
| | - S. UJHÁZI
- First Department of Internal medicine, Medical Faculty of P. J. Šafarik University, Košice, Slovakia
| | - I. DRAVECKÁ
- First Department of Internal medicine, Medical Faculty of P. J. Šafarik University, Košice, Slovakia
| | - J. MAŠLANKOVÁ
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty of P. J. Šafarik University, Košice, Slovakia
| | - M. MAREKOVÁ
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty of P. J. Šafarik University, Košice, Slovakia
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Izadi A, Shirazi S, Taghizadeh S, Gargari BP. Independent and Additive Effects of Coenzyme Q10 and Vitamin E on Cardiometabolic Outcomes and Visceral Adiposity in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Arch Med Res 2019; 50:1-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2019.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Sampaio LS, da Silva PA, Ribeiro VS, Castro-Chaves C, Lara LS, Vieyra A, Einicker-Lamas M. Bioactive lipids are altered in the kidney of chronic undernourished rats: is there any correlation with the progression of prevalent nephropathies? Lipids Health Dis 2017; 16:245. [PMID: 29246161 PMCID: PMC5732436 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-017-0634-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Undernutrition during childhood leads to chronic diseases in adult life including hypertension, diabetes and chronic kidney disease. Here we explore the hypothesis that physiological alterations in the bioactive lipids pattern within kidney tissue might be involved in the progression of chronic kidney disease. METHODS Membrane fractions from kidney homogenates of undernourished rats (RBD) were submitted to lipid extraction and analysis by thin layer chromatography and cholesterol determination. RESULTS Kidneys from RBD rats had 25% lower cholesterol content, which disturb membrane microdomains, affecting Ca2+ homeostasis and the enzymes responsible for important lipid mediators such as phosphatidylinositol-4 kinase, sphingosine kinase, diacylglicerol kinase and phospholipase A2. We observed a decrease in phosphatidylinositol(4)-phosphate (8.8 ± 0.9 vs. 3.6 ± 0.7 pmol.mg-1.mim-1), and an increase in phosphatidic acid (2.2 ± 0.8 vs. 3.8 ± 1.3 pmol.mg-1.mim-1), being these lipid mediators involved in the regulation of key renal functions. Ceramide levels are augmented in kidney tissue from RBD rats (18.7 ± 1.4 vs. 21.7 ± 1.5 fmol.mg-1.min-1) indicating an ongoing renal lesion. CONCLUSION Results point to an imbalance in the bioactive lipid generation with further consequences to key events related to kidney function, thus contributing to the establishment of chronic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luzia S Sampaio
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho - CCS, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Paulo A da Silva
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho - CCS, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biomedicina Translacional, Universidade do Grande Rio, Duque de Caxias, RJ, Brazil
| | | | | | - Lucienne S Lara
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Adalberto Vieyra
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho - CCS, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biomedicina Translacional, Universidade do Grande Rio, Duque de Caxias, RJ, Brazil
- Centro Nacional de Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagem (CENABIO), UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - M Einicker-Lamas
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho - CCS, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
- Present Address: Laboratório de Biomembranas, Sala G1-037, Bloco G, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho - CCS, UFRJ, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil.
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Shaman AA, Mukhtar HB, Mirghani HO. Risk factors associated with metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease among women with polycystic ovary syndrome in Tabuk, Saudi Arabia. Electron Physician 2017; 9:5697-5704. [PMID: 29403608 PMCID: PMC5783117 DOI: 10.19082/5697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the commonest endocrine disorder at a reproductive age. It is associated with a high risk of metabolic syndrome (MS) and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). OBJECTIVE To measure the prevalence of MS in women with PCOS and to assess the global cardiovascular risk (CVR) among them. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted at King Khalid Hospital, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia during the period from February through December 2014. A total of 404 infertile women were randomly selected, and checked for diagnosing PCOS, MS and estimated CVD probability. Data were analyzed by IBM-SPSS version 22, using independent-samples t-test, Chi-square, and conditional logistic regression. A p-value of <0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS MS was diagnosed in 58% and 32% of women with and without PCOS respectively (p<0.00). Results showed a statistically significant association between the two syndromes. Patients with the two syndromes showed high averages of clinical and biochemical values (p<0.00), high rate of predicted CVR, a high percentage of clustering of MS factors, and that weight-waist circumference - HDL are predictive for the occurrence of MS. CONCLUSION PCOS is associated with the risk of development of MS, and CVD. Screening for early detection of PCOS and MS and the application of cohort studies are recommended to better explore the role of PCOS in the development of CVD and to assess the significance of interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amani Ali Shaman
- M.D., Assistant Professor in Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hytham Bahaeldin Mukhtar
- M.D., Assistant Professor in Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hyder Osman Mirghani
- M.D., Associate Professor in Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Kiranmayee D, Kavya K, Himabindu Y, Sriharibabu M, Madhuri GLJ, Venu S. Correlations Between Anthropometry and Lipid Profile in Women With PCOS. J Hum Reprod Sci 2017; 10:167-172. [PMID: 29142444 PMCID: PMC5672721 DOI: 10.4103/jhrs.jhrs_108_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinopathy in reproductive age women and is associated with both reproductive and metabolic abnormalities. Recent studies have demonstrated an early onset of abnormal cardiovascular risk profile in women with PCOS. Abnormal lipid profile patterns are common in women with PCOS, and these abnormalities are not uniform in all populations. Anthropometry is a simple and commonly used research tool for assessing metabolic risk in women with PCOS. Therefore, this study examined the correlations between anthropometric parameters and lipid profile in women with PCOS. OBJECTIVES The objectives of the study were (1) To study the anthropometric profile of women with PCOS, (2) To examine the lipid profile pattern of these women with PCOS and (3) To see whether there exists any correlation between these anthropometric parameters and lipid profile. MATERIALS AND METHODS This observational cross-sectional study examined anthropometry and lipid profile in 86 married women with PCOS in the age group of 18-35 years and correlated them by using Pearson's correlation coefficient. RESULTS More than 80% of the women with PCOS demonstrated abnormal anthropometric parameters, and in more than 70% women, lipid abnormalities such as low levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and high levels of triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were observed. Significant positive correlations were seen between body mass index (BMI) and triglycerides (P ≤ 0.001) and waist circumference (WC) and triglycerides (P ≤ 0.029). Negative correlations were observed between BMI and HDL cholesterol (P ≤ 0.013). CONCLUSION This study revealed that BMI and WC are the most important anthropometric parameters correlated to dyslipidemia in the south Indian women with PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donthu Kiranmayee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, GSL Medical College & General Hospital, Rajahmundry, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Kothapalli Kavya
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, GSL Medical College & General Hospital, Rajahmundry, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Yalamanchali Himabindu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, GSL Medical College & General Hospital, Rajahmundry, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Manne Sriharibabu
- Department of Medicine, GSL Medical College & General Hospital, Rajahmundry, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Gadi Leela Jaya Madhuri
- Department of Medicine, GSL Medical College & General Hospital, Rajahmundry, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Swargam Venu
- Department of Medicine, GSL Medical College & General Hospital, Rajahmundry, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Zhang R, Song Q, Liu H, Bai H, Zhang Y, Liu Q, Guan L, Fan P. Effect of the R92H and A379V genotypes of platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase on its enzyme activity, oxidative stress and metabolic profile in Chinese women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Lipids Health Dis 2017; 16:57. [PMID: 28320416 PMCID: PMC5359970 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-017-0448-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The G994T polymorphism in platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH) gene is associated with the risk of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between R92H and A379V variants of the PAF-AH gene and the risk of PCOS and to evaluate the effects of the genotypes on PAF-AH activities and clinical, metabolic and oxidative stress indexes in Chinese women. Methods A total of 862 patients with PCOS based on the Rotterdam consensus criteria and 750 control women from a population of Chinese Han nationality in the Chengdu area were studied from 2006–2015. PAF-AH genotypes were determined by PCR and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Plasma PAF-AH, high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-associated PAF-AH (H-PAF-AH) and apolipoprotein (apo) B-containing lipoprotein-associated PAF-AH (apoB-PAF-AH) activities were measured using the trichloroacetic acid precipitation procedure with PAF C-16 as a substrate. Circulating markers of oxidative stress, including serum total oxidant status, total antioxidant capacity, oxidative stress index and malondialdehyde levels, and clinical and metabolic parameters were also analyzed. Results No significant differences were observed in the frequencies of R92H and A379V genotypes and alleles of the PAF-AH gene between PCOS and control groups (P > 0.05). Compared with patients with the 92RR genotype, patients with H allele of R92H (RH + HH genotype) had significantly higher plasma PAF-AH and apoB-PAF-AH activities (P < 0.05) and tended to exhibit increased H-PAF-AH activity (P = 0.063) after adjusted for age and BMI. However, when serum LDL-C, HDL-C, TG and HOMA index were added as covariates, the comparisons no longer remained statistical significance (P > 0.05). There were no significant differences in clinical, hormonal, metabolic and circulating oxidative stress parameters and the frequencies of PAF-AH G449T genotype according to PAF-AH R92H or A379V genotyping in patients with PCOS and control women. Conclusions There were no significant associations between R92H and A379V variants of PAF-AH gene and risk of PCOS in Chinese women. The increased plasma PAF-AH and apoB-PAF-AH activities in patients with H allele of R92H are related to the R92 → H variation, changes in plasma lipoprotein levels, insulin resistance, aging, and gaining weight and thus may be involved in the pathogenesis of PCOS and the increased risks of future cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renjiao Zhang
- Laboratory of Genetic Disease and Perinatal Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Song
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongwei Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Huai Bai
- Laboratory of Genetic Disease and Perinatal Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujin Zhang
- Laboratory of Genetic Disease and Perinatal Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingqing Liu
- Laboratory of Genetic Disease and Perinatal Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Linbo Guan
- Laboratory of Genetic Disease and Perinatal Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Fan
- Laboratory of Genetic Disease and Perinatal Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China.
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Frøssing S, Nylander M, Aziz M, Skouby SO, Kistorp C, Faber J. Atrial natriuretic peptide, copeptin and adrenomedullin levels in polycystic ovary syndrome: a case-control study. Gynecol Endocrinol 2017; 33:30-33. [PMID: 27424881 DOI: 10.1080/09513590.2016.1202915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) defined by the Rotterdam criteria does not take into account the unhealthy metabolic profile of the syndrome with increased insulin resistance (IR) and overweight favoring development of type 2 diabetes, hypertension and cardiovascular disease (CVD). We assess three vasoactive peptides associated with CVD in women with PCOS. METHOD Plasma levels of mid-regional pro-atrial natriuretic peptide (MR-proANP), copeptin and mid-regional pro-adrenomedullin (MR-proADM) were measured in 98 PCOS patients and 46 age- and BMI-matched healthy women. RESULTS We found no difference in levels of MR-proANP, copeptin and MR-proADM between the PCOS and control group. Multiple regression analyses on a combined group of PCOS and control subjects demonstrated an inverse correlation between MR-proANP and IR (measured by fasting C-peptide) and a positive correlations between copeptin and IR as well as MR-proADM and BMI. We found no association between peptide levels and different Rotterdam phenotypes. CONCLUSION Plasma concentrations of MR-proANP, copeptin and MR-proADM were not increased in PCOS compared to age- and BMI-matched controls. Thus, these peptides cannot be used to detect increased risk of CVD in a young PCOS cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Signe Frøssing
- a Department of Internal Medicine , Division of Endocrinology , and
| | - Malin Nylander
- b Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics , Herlev University Hospital , Copenhagen , Denmark , and
- c Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences , University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Mubeena Aziz
- b Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics , Herlev University Hospital , Copenhagen , Denmark , and
| | - Sven O Skouby
- b Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics , Herlev University Hospital , Copenhagen , Denmark , and
- c Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences , University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Caroline Kistorp
- a Department of Internal Medicine , Division of Endocrinology , and
- c Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences , University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Jens Faber
- a Department of Internal Medicine , Division of Endocrinology , and
- c Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences , University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark
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Christodoulopoulou V, Trakakis E, Pergialiotis V, Peppa M, Chrelias C, Kassanos D, Papantoniou N. Clinical and Biochemical Characteristics in PCOS Women With Menstrual Abnormalities. J Family Reprod Health 2016; 10:184-190. [PMID: 28546817 PMCID: PMC5440817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of the present study was to examine the impact of menstrual cycle abnormalities among patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) on biochemical and anthropometric characteristics. Materials and methods: We conducted a prospective observational study of patients 17-35 years of age with PCOS that attended the department of Gynecological Endocrinology of our hospital. Results: A total of 309 women with PCOS participated in the study. In total, 72.2% suffered from menstrual cycle disorders. In our study 15.1% of women were overweight and 24% were obese. Also, 36% of the sample had androgenetic alopecia and 56.4% had acne. According to the stepwise discriminant analysis, we observed that glucose displayed the strongest association to the menstrual status (F to eliminate = 14.13), followed by endometrial thickness (F to eliminate = 10.89), waist circumference (F to eliminate = 10.17), LH levels (F to eliminate = 8.15) and PRL (F to eliminate = 4.45). Significantly higher levels of LH and TSH and lower levels of prolactin were found in women with menstrual disorders compared to those with normal menstrual cycles. Fasting glucose was also considerably higher among these patients although markers of insulin resistance such as the Matsuda, Quicki and HOMA-IR indices did not differ. Conclusion: According to the findings of our study PCOS patients with menstrual disorders exhibit hormonal alterations and elevated fasting glucose. Future studies are needed in this field to corroborate our findings and determine the anthropometric and biochemical profile of patients with menstrual cycle irregularities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasiliki Christodoulopoulou
- 3rd Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Attiko Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Eftihios Trakakis
- 3rd Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Attiko Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Vasilios Pergialiotis
- 3rd Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Attiko Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Melpomeni Peppa
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Research Institute and Diabetes Center, Athens University Medical School, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Charalampos Chrelias
- 3rd Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Attiko Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Kassanos
- 3rd Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Attiko Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Papantoniou
- 3rd Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Attiko Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Szczuko M, Zapałowska-Chwyć M, Maciejewska D, Drozd A, Starczewski A, Stachowska E. High glycemic index diet in PCOS patients. The analysis of IGF I and TNF-α pathways in metabolic disorders. Med Hypotheses 2016; 96:42-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2016.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Revised: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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50
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Jamilian M, Foroozanfard F, Bahmani F, Talaee R, Monavari M, Asemi Z. Effects of Zinc Supplementation on Endocrine Outcomes in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Biol Trace Elem Res 2016; 170:271-8. [PMID: 26315303 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-015-0480-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2015] [Accepted: 08/14/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The current study was conducted to evaluate the effects of zinc supplementation on endocrine outcomes, biomarkers of inflammation, and oxidative stress in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). This study was a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Forty-eight women (18-40 years) with PCOS diagnosed according to Rotterdam criteria were randomly assigned to receive either 220 mg zinc sulfate (containing 50 mg zinc) (group 1; n = 24) and/or placebo (group 2; n = 24) for 8 weeks. Hormonal profiles, biomarkers of inflammation, and oxidative stress were measured at study baseline and after 8-week intervention. After 8 weeks of intervention, alopecia (41.7 vs. 12.5%, P = 0.02) decreased compared with the placebo. Additionally, patients who received zinc supplements had significantly decreased hirsutism (modified Ferriman-Gallwey scores) (-1.71 ± 0.99 vs. -0.29 ± 0.95, P < 0.001) and plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) levels (-0.09 ± 1.31 vs. +2.34 ± 5.53 μmol/L, P = 0.04) compared with the placebo. A trend toward a significant effect of zinc intake on reducing high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels (P = 0.06) was also observed. We did observe no significant changes of zinc supplementation on hormonal profiles, inflammatory cytokines, and other biomarkers of oxidative stress. In conclusion, using 50 mg/day elemental zinc for 8 weeks among PCOS women had beneficial effects on alopecia, hirsutism, and plasma MDA levels; however, it did not affect hormonal profiles, inflammatory cytokines, and other biomarkers of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehri Jamilian
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Fatemeh Foroozanfard
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Fereshteh Bahmani
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Rezvan Talaee
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Mahshid Monavari
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Islamic Republic of Iran.
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