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Li M, Liu N, Zhu J, Wu Y, Niu L, Liu Y, Chen L, Bai B, Miao Y, Yang Y, Chen Q. Engineered probiotics with sustained release of interleukin-2 for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease after oral delivery. Biomaterials 2024; 309:122584. [PMID: 38735180 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a kind of auto-immune disease characterized by disrupted intestinal barrier and mucosal epithelium, imbalanced gut microbiome and deregulated immune responses. Therefore, the restoration of immune equilibrium and gut microbiota could potentially serve as a hopeful approach for treating IBD. Herein, the oral probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (ECN) was genetically engineered to express secretable interleukin-2 (IL-2), a kind of immunomodulatory agent, for the treatment of IBD. In our design, probiotic itself has the ability to regulate the gut microenvironment and IL-2 at low dose could selectively promote the generation of regulatory T cells to elicit tolerogenic immune responses. To improve the bioavailability of ECN expressing IL-2 (ECN-IL2) in the gastrointestinal tract, enteric coating Eudragit L100-55 was used to coat ECN-IL2, achieving significantly enhanced accumulation of engineered probiotics in the intestine. More importantly, L100-55 coated ECN-IL2 could effectively activated Treg cells to regulate innate immune responses and gut microbiota, thereby relieve inflammation and repair the colon epithelial barrier in dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) induced IBD. Therefore, genetically and chemically modified probiotics with excellent biocompatibility and efficiency in regulating intestinal microflora and intestinal inflammation show great potential for IBD treatment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maoyi Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Nanhui Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Jiafei Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yumin Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Le Niu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital School of Medicine Tong ji University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Linfu Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Boxiong Bai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yu Miao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital School of Medicine Tong ji University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
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Marsh A, Chachay V, Banks M, Okano S, Hartel G, Radford-Smith G. A pilot randomized controlled trial investigating the effects of an anti-inflammatory dietary pattern on disease activity, symptoms and microbiota profile in adults with inflammatory bowel disease. Eur J Clin Nutr 2024:10.1038/s41430-024-01487-9. [PMID: 39122803 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-024-01487-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES There is a lack of certainty in dietary prescription for individuals with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) due to heterogeneity in studies to date. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy on disease activity of a modified anti-inflammatory dietary pattern purposely designed to reduce intake of food additives (IBD-MAID), compared to standard care, in adults with IBD. SUBJECT/METHODS Adults with IBD were randomised to IBD-MAID (meals provided) [n = 29] or general healthy eating (GHE) [n = 29] for 8 weeks. Disease activity, faecal calprotectin (FC), C-reactive protein (CRP), symptoms, and quality of life (S&QOL) were assessed using validated tools. RESULTS The IBD-MAID was well tolerated and adhered to (92% adherence). At week 8, there was no statistically significant difference in change from baseline in outcome measures between groups. However, baseline to week 8 analysis indicated: (1) statistically significant improvements in S (p = 0.001) & QOL (p = 0.004), FC (p = 0.007), and Crohn's disease activity (p = 0.03) but not ulcerative colitis, in individuals following the IBD-MAID and (2) statistically significant improvement in QOL in individuals receiving GHE (p = 0.015). Correlation analysis on change from baseline to week 8 revealed a greater decrease in food additives intake was associated with statistically significant improvements in FC, S & QOL and alignment of anti-inflammatory dietary principles with improvements in QOL. CONCLUSION The IBD-MAID was well tolerated. The most novel finding pertains to the correlation between reduced food additives intake and improvements in inflammatory markers, S&QOL. Further research is needed to explore the effects of food additives exposure on IBD course. TRIAL REGISTRATION 12619001500145.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail Marsh
- The School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia.
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, QLD, Australia.
| | - Veronique Chachay
- The School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Merrilyn Banks
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Satomi Okano
- Statistics Unit, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Gunter Hartel
- Statistics Unit, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, Australia
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Nursing, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Graham Radford-Smith
- Gut Health Group, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, Australia
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, QLD, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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Ottria R, Xynomilakis O, Casati S, Ciuffreda P. Pre- to Postbiotics: The Beneficial Roles of Pediatric Dysbiosis Associated with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. Microorganisms 2024; 12:1582. [PMID: 39203424 PMCID: PMC11356122 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12081582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Probiotics are "live microorganisms which, when administered in adequate amount, confer health benefits on the host". They can be found in certain foods like yogurt and kefir and in dietary supplements. The introduction of bacterial derivatives has not only contributed to disease control but has also exhibited promising outcomes, such as improved survival rates, immune enhancement, and growth promotion effects. It is interesting to note that the efficacy of probiotics goes beyond the viability of the bacteria, giving rise to concepts like paraprobiotics, non-viable forms of probiotics, and postbiotics. Paraprobiotics offer various health benefits in children with intestinal dysbiosis, contributing to improved digestive health, immune function, and overall well-being. In this review, the potential of these therapeutic applications as alternatives to pharmacological agents for treating pediatric intestinal dysbiosis will be thoroughly evaluated. This includes an analysis of their efficacy, safety, long-term benefits, and their ability to restore gut microbiota balance, improve digestive health, enhance immune function, and reduce inflammation. The aim is to determine if these non-pharmacological interventions can effectively and safely manage intestinal dysbiosis in children, reducing the need for conventional medications and their side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Ottria
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Cliniche, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20157 Milan, Italy; (O.X.); (S.C.); (P.C.)
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Danpanichkul P, Duangsonk K, Lopimpisuth C, Ho AHY, Fangsaard P, Sukphutanan B, Pang Y, Chaisrimaneepan N, Dejvajara D, Suenghataiphorn T, Worapongpaiboon R, Chaiyakunapruk N, Lui RN, Kochhar GS, Ng SC, Farraye FA, Wijarnpreecha K. Geographical and sociodemographic epidemiology of inflammatory bowel disease in young females from 2010 to 2019. Dig Liver Dis 2024:S1590-8658(24)00872-7. [PMID: 39068136 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2024.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) represents a significant health threat worldwide. However, there are deficiencies in large-scale epidemiological research focusing on these issues, especially among young women. We aim to examine the trend of IBD in young females globally. METHODS We utilized data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study between 2010 and 2019 to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) from IBD in young females (15-49 years), stratified by region, nation, and sociodemographic index (SDI). RESULTS Globally, there were 1.27 million (95 % UI 1.10 to 1.45 million) cases and 314,120 (95 % UI 240,880 to 395,420) DALYs from IBD in young females in 2019. Geographically, Europe had the highest burden of IBD in young females (n = 421,320). From 2010 to 2019, the prevalence rate increased in Africa (APC 0.34 %, 95 % CI 0.25 to 0.44 %), the Eastern Mediterranean (APC 0.77 %, 95 % CI 0.74 to 0.81 %), Europe (APC 0.48 %, 95 % CI 0.44 to 0.51 %) and the Western Pacific region (APC 1.01 %, 95 % CI 0.89 to 1.14 %). Countries with lower SDI exhibited higher DALYs to prevalence ratio. Over the study period, the percentage of young women with IBD compared to young adults increased by 0.24 %. This percentage varies significantly between countries, from 26 % to 62 %. CONCLUSION The burden of IBD in young females is high and increasing. Countries with lower SDIs generate higher disability per case. This necessitates immediate and inclusive measures to tackle the rising burden of IBD in this vulnerable group. LAY SUMMARY From 2010 to 2019, in the largest global epidemiology database, prevalence rates of inflammatory bowel disease in young females increased in many regions. Countries with lower socioeconomic development, as indicated by sociodemographic index, generated a higher burden compared to countries with higher development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pojsakorn Danpanichkul
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA; Immunology Unit, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
| | - Kwanjit Duangsonk
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Chawin Lopimpisuth
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Miami/ Jackson Memorial Hospital, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Agnes Hiu-Yan Ho
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Panisara Fangsaard
- Department of Internal Medicine, Bassett Medical Center, Cooperstown, New York, USA
| | | | - Yanfang Pang
- Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi 533000, China; National Immunological Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Baise, Guangxi 533000, China; Key Laboratory of Research on Clinical Molecular Diagnosis for High Incidence Diseases in Western Guangxi, Baise, Guangxi 533000, China
| | | | | | | | | | - Nathorn Chaiyakunapruk
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; IDEAS Center, Veterans Affairs Salt Lake City Healthcare System, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Rashid N Lui
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Gursimran Singh Kochhar
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Siew C Ng
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Francis A Farraye
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Division of Gastroenterology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Karn Wijarnpreecha
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona, USA; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Banner University Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona, USA; BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, Arizona, USA.
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Khalaf R, Sciberras M, Ellul P. The role of the fecal microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024:00042737-990000000-00382. [PMID: 38973540 DOI: 10.1097/meg.0000000000002818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
The understanding of the potential role of the microbiota in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is ever-evolving. Traditionally, the management of IBD has involved medical therapy and/or surgical intervention. IBD can be characterized by gut microbiome alterations through various pathological processes. Various studies delve into nontraditional methods such as probiotics and fecal microbiota transplant and their potential therapeutic effects. Fecal microbiota transplant involves the delivery of a balanced composition of gut microorganisms into an affected patient via multiple possible routes and methods, while probiotics consist of live microorganisms given via the oral route. At present, neither method is considered first-line treatment, however, fecal microbiota transplant has shown potential success in inducing and maintaining remission in ulcerative colitis. In a study by Kruis and colleagues, Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 was considered to be equivalent to mesalamine in mild ulcerative colitis. Alteration of the microbiome in the management of Crohn's disease is less well defined. Furthermore, variation in the clinical usefulness of 5-aminosalicylic acid medication has been attributed, in part, to its acetylation and inactivation by gut microbes. In summary, our understanding of the microbiome's role is continually advancing, with the possibility of paving the way for personalized medicine based on the microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rami Khalaf
- Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | | | - Pierre Ellul
- Division of Gastroenterology, Mater Dei Hospital, Msida, Malta
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Meng MJ, Huang J, Tsou YK, Pan YB, Chiu CT, Lin YT, Le PH. Diet and the risk of inflammatory bowel disease: A retrospective cohort study in Taiwan. J Formos Med Assoc 2024:S0929-6646(24)00280-8. [PMID: 38851916 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2024.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE The incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) rapidly increases in Asia, and western dietary pattern is suspected to be the major risk factor. Despite this, there has been a lack of studies analyzing the relationship between dietary patterns and IBD in Taiwan. This study examines the dietary habits of Taiwanese individuals with and without IBD to inform clinical dietary recommendations for IBD patients. METHODS We collected baseline characteristics and dietary habits from both IBD patients and healthy controls from February and August 2022 in Chang Gung memorial hospital using a structured and validated food frequency questionnaire. The dietary habits of IBD patients in this study were focused on the six months leading up to their IBD diagnosis. RESULTS Our study recruited 98 IBD patients and 184 healthy controls. In demographic characteristics, cigarette smoking is more common in IBD group. Besides, distinct dietary patterns were observed between groups. The healthy controls demonstrated a higher consumption of whole foods and antioxidants. By contrast, the IBD group consumed more western-style foods but the difference didn't reach statistical significance. CONCLUSION Our study found that healthy controls in Taiwan embraced a dietary pattern rich in whole foods that may prevent IBD or reduce IBD disease activity. Nonetheless, a larger sample size is needed to further provide valuable dietary guidance for general population in Taiwan for IBD prevention or for patients with IBD for disease activity control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Jung Meng
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, 5, Fu-Hsin Street, Guei-Shan District, Taoyuan City, 33305, Taiwan
| | - Jyun Huang
- Department of Clinical Nutrition Therapy, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, 5, Fu-Hsin Street, Guei-Shan District, Taoyuan City, 33305, Taiwan; Chang Gung Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Linkou, 5, Fu-Hsin Street, Guei-Shan District, Taoyuan City, 33305, Taiwan
| | - Yung Kuan Tsou
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, 5, Fu-Hsin Street, Guei-Shan District, Taoyuan City, 33305, Taiwan
| | - Yu Bin Pan
- Biostatistical Section, Clinical Trial Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, 5, Fu-Hsin Street, Guei-Shan District, Taoyuan City, 33305, Taiwan
| | - Cheng Tang Chiu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, 5, Fu-Hsin Street, Guei-Shan District, Taoyuan City, 33305, Taiwan; Taiwan Association of the Study of Intestinal Disease (TASID), 5, Fu-Hsin Street, Guei-Shan District, Taoyuan City, 33305, Taiwan; Chang Gung Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Linkou, 5, Fu-Hsin Street, Guei-Shan District, Taoyuan City, 33305, Taiwan; Chang Gung Microbiota Therapy Center, Linkou, 5, Fu-Hsin Street, Guei-Shan District, Taoyuan City, 33305, Taiwan
| | - Yan Ting Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, 5, Fu-Hsin Street, Guei-Shan District, Taoyuan City, 33305, Taiwan
| | - Puo Hsien Le
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, 5, Fu-Hsin Street, Guei-Shan District, Taoyuan City, 33305, Taiwan; Taiwan Association of the Study of Intestinal Disease (TASID), 5, Fu-Hsin Street, Guei-Shan District, Taoyuan City, 33305, Taiwan; Chang Gung Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Linkou, 5, Fu-Hsin Street, Guei-Shan District, Taoyuan City, 33305, Taiwan; Chang Gung Microbiota Therapy Center, Linkou, 5, Fu-Hsin Street, Guei-Shan District, Taoyuan City, 33305, Taiwan.
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Kimilu N, Gładyś-Cieszyńska K, Pieszko M, Mańkowska-Wierzbicka D, Folwarski M. Carrageenan in the Diet: Friend or Foe for Inflammatory Bowel Disease? Nutrients 2024; 16:1780. [PMID: 38892712 PMCID: PMC11174395 DOI: 10.3390/nu16111780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
While the exact pathogenesis of IBD remains unclear, genetic, environmental and nutritional factors as well as the composition of the gut microbiome play crucial roles. Food additives, which are increasingly consumed in the Western diet, are being investigated for their potential effects on IBD. These additives can affect gut health by altering the composition of the microbiota, immune responses, and intestinal permeability, contributing to autoimmune diseases and inflammation. Despite the growing number of studies on food additives and IBD, the specific effects of carrageenan have not yet been sufficiently researched. This review addresses this gap by critically analyzing recent studies on the effects of carrageenan on the gut microbiota, intestinal permeability, and inflammatory processes. We searched the MEDLINE and SCOPUS databases using the following terms: carrageenan, carrageenan and inflammatory bowel disease, carrageenan and cancer, food additives and microbiome, food additives and intestinal permeability, and food additives and autoimmune diseases. In animal studies, degraded carrageenan has been shown to trigger intestinal ulceration and inflammation, highlighting its potential risk for exacerbating IBD. It can affect the gut microbiota, reduce bacterial diversity, and increase intestinal permeability, contributing to "leaky gut" syndrome. Some studies suggest that carrageenan may inhibit the growth of cancer cells by influencing the progression of the cell cycle, but the anti-cancer effect is still unclear. Carrageenan may also increase glucose intolerance and insulin resistance. Further research is needed to determine whether carrageenan should be excluded from the diet of individuals with IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Kimilu
- Students’ Scientific Circle of Clinical Nutrition, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland
| | | | - Magdalena Pieszko
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland (M.P.)
| | - Dorota Mańkowska-Wierzbicka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-355 Poznan, Poland
| | - Marcin Folwarski
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland (M.P.)
- Home Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition Unit, Nicolaus Copernicus Hospital, 80-803 Gdansk, Poland
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Amini MR, Khademi Z, Salavatizadeh M, Rasaei N, Ebrahimi-Daryani N, Esmaillzadeh A, Hekmatdoost A. The association between dietary patterns and disease severity in patients with ulcerative colitis. Br J Nutr 2024; 131:1803-1812. [PMID: 38305021 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114524000187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disease involving the colon and rectum. One of the most modifiable environmental factors affecting UC severity is the patient's dietary pattern. Although the role of dietary patterns on UC aetiology has been investigated previously, its relationship with disease severity has not yet been elucidated. This study examined the association between UC patients' dietary patterns and disease severity. This cross-sectional study was conducted in 340 UC patients. Using an FFQ, food patterns were assessed. Twenty-five food categories were categorised based on the similarity of the nutrient composition of the food using the factor analysis method. A simple clinical colitis activity index was used to determine disease severity. Three dietary patterns were identified based on the factor analysis: healthy, unhealthy and Western dietary pattern. After adjusting for potential confounding factors, patients who were in the highest tertile of healthy dietary pattern compared with the lowest tertile were 92 % less likely to have severe UC (OR: 0·08; 95 % CI: 0·03, 0·22). Also, those in the highest tertile of the Western dietary pattern were 3·86 times more likely to have severe UC than those in the lowest tertile (OR: 3·86; 95 % CI: 1·86, 8·00). Even after controlling for confounding variables, unhealthy dietary pattern did not increase the risk of severe UC. Our data indicate the beneficial role of healthy dietary pattern in amelioration of disease severity in UC patients. To confirm this association, more studies are needed, especially prospective cohort studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Amini
- Student Research Committee, Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition & Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Clinical Nutrition & Dietetics, National Nutrition & Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Khademi
- Department of Public Health, Sirjan School of Medical Sciences, Sirjan, Iran
| | - Marieh Salavatizadeh
- Department of Clinical Nutrition & Dietetics, National Nutrition & Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Niloufar Rasaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
- Network of Interdisciplinarity in Neonates and Infants (NINI), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasser Ebrahimi-Daryani
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Esmaillzadeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular - Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azita Hekmatdoost
- Department of Clinical Nutrition & Dietetics, National Nutrition & Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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9
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Cheng J, Zhou J. Unraveling the gut health puzzle: exploring the mechanisms of butyrate and the potential of High-Amylose Maize Starch Butyrate (HAMSB) in alleviating colorectal disturbances. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1285169. [PMID: 38304546 PMCID: PMC10830644 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1285169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal disturbances encompass a variety of disorders that impact the colon and rectum, such as colitis and colon cancer. Butyrate, a short-chain fatty acid, plays a pivotal role in supporting gut health by nourishing colonocytes, promoting barrier function, modulating inflammation, and fostering a balanced microbiome. Increasing colorectal butyrate concentration may serve as a critical strategy to improve colon function and reduce the risk of colorectal disturbances. Butyrylated high-amylose maize starch (HAMSB) is an edible ingredient that efficiently delivers butyrate to the colon. HAMSB is developed by esterifying a high-amylose starch backbone with butyric anhydride. With a degree of substitution of 0.25, each hydroxy group of HAMSB is substituted by a butyryl group in every four D-glucopyranosyl units. In humans, the digestibility of HAMSB is 68% (w/w), and 60% butyrate molecules attached to the starch backbone is absorbed by the colon. One clinical trial yielded two publications, which showed that HAMSB significantly reduced rectal O6-methyl-guanine adducts and epithelial proliferation induced by the high protein diet. Fecal microbial profiles were assessed in three clinical trials, showing that HAMSB supplementation was consistently linked to increased abundance of Parabacteroides distasonis. In animal studies, HAMSB was effective in reducing the risk of diet- or AOM-induced colon cancer by reducing genetic damage, but the mechanisms differed. HAMSB functioned through affecting cecal ammonia levels by modulating colon pH in diet-induced cancer, while it ameliorated chemical-induced colon cancer through downregulating miR19b and miR92a expressions and subsequently activating the caspase-dependent apoptosis. Furthermore, animal studies showed that HAMSB improved colitis via regulating the gut immune modulation by inhibiting histone deacetylase and activating G protein-coupled receptors, but its role in bacteria-induced colon colitis requires further investigation. In conclusion, HAMSB is a food ingredient that may deliver butyrate to the colon to support colon health. Further clinical trials are warranted to validate earlier findings and determine the minimum effective dose of HAMSB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junrui Cheng
- Global Scientific and Regulatory Department, Ingredion Incorporated, Bridgewater, NJ, United States
| | - Jing Zhou
- Global Scientific and Regulatory Department, Ingredion Incorporated, Bridgewater, NJ, United States
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Hadžić K, Gregor A, Auernigg-Haselmaier S, Longo V, Pignitter M, Duszka K. Restrictive diets have a beneficial impact on dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis in male mice. J Nutr 2024; 154:121-132. [PMID: 37952777 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previously, we assessed the impact of restrictive diets, including caloric restriction (CR), intermittent fasting (IF), or fasting-mimicking diet (FMD), on a healthy gastrointestinal tract. We revealed that each of the diets shows anti-inflammatory outcomes. OBJECTIVE The current study aimed to verify the diets' applicability in treating colitis. METHODS We exposed a mouse model with mild chronic dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis to ad libitum control feeding, CR, IF, or FMD. The collected samples were analyzed for markers of inflammation. RESULTS The diets reduced DSS-triggered increases in spleen weight and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity. Diet intervention also influenced occludin levels, small intestine morphology, as well as cytokine and inflammatory gene expression, mainly in the mucosa of the proximal colon. The diets did not reverse DSS-enhanced gut permeability and thickening of the colon muscularis externa. Concerning inflammatory gene expression, the impact of DSS and the dietary intervention was limited to the colon as we did not measure major changes in the jejunum mucosa, Peyer's patches, and mesenteric lymph nodes. Further, rather modest changes in the concentration of intestinal bile acids were observed in response to the diets, whereas taurine and its conjugates levels were strongly affected. CONCLUSIONS Despite the differences in the dietary protocol, the tested diets showed very similar impacts and, therefore, may be interchangeable when aiming to reduce inflammation in the colon. However, FMD showed the most consistent beneficial impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kajs Hadžić
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - András Gregor
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Valter Longo
- Longevity Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Marc Pignitter
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kalina Duszka
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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11
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Tews HC, Schmelter F, Kandulski A, Büchler C, Schmid S, Schlosser S, Elger T, Loibl J, Sommersberger S, Fererberger T, Gunawan S, Kunst C, Gülow K, Bettenworth D, Föh B, Maaß C, Solbach P, Günther UL, Derer S, Marquardt JU, Sina C, Müller M. Unique Metabolomic and Lipidomic Profile in Serum From Patients With Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis Compared With Healthy Control Individuals. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2023:izad298. [PMID: 38156773 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izad298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accurate biomarkers for disease activity and progression in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are a prerequisite for individual disease characterization and personalized therapy. We show that metabolic profiling of serum from IBD patients is a promising approach to establish biomarkers. The aim of this work was to characterize metabolomic and lipidomic serum profiles of IBD patients in order to identify metabolic fingerprints unique to the disease. METHODS Serum samples were obtained from 55 patients with Crohn's disease (CD), 34 patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), and 40 healthy control (HC) individuals and analyzed using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Classification of patients and HC individuals was achieved by orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis and univariate analysis approaches. Disease activity was assessed using the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale. RESULTS Serum metabolome significantly differed between CD patients, UC patients, and HC individuals. The metabolomic differences of UC and CD patients compared with HC individuals were more pronounced than the differences between UC and CD patients. Differences in serum levels of pyruvic acid, histidine, and the branched-chain amino acids leucine and valine were detected. The size of low-density lipoprotein particles shifted from large to small dense particles in patients with CD. Of note, apolipoprotein A1 and A2 serum levels were decreased in CD and UC patients with higher fecal calprotectin levels. The Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale is negatively associated with the concentration of apolipoprotein A2. CONCLUSIONS Metabolomic assessment of serum samples facilitated the differentiation of IBD patients and HC individuals. These differences were constituted by changes in amino acid and lipoprotein levels. Furthermore, disease activity in IBD patients was associated with decreased levels of the atheroprotective apolipoproteins A1 and A2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hauke Christian Tews
- Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Franziska Schmelter
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Arne Kandulski
- Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Christa Büchler
- Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Stephan Schmid
- Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Sophie Schlosser
- Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Tanja Elger
- Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Johanna Loibl
- Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Stefanie Sommersberger
- Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Tanja Fererberger
- Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Gunawan
- Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Kunst
- Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Karsten Gülow
- Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Dominik Bettenworth
- Department of Medicine B-Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
- Practice for Internal Medicine, Münster, Germany
| | - Bandik Föh
- Department of Medicine I, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Carlos Maaß
- Department of Medicine I, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Philipp Solbach
- Department of Medicine I, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Ulrich L Günther
- Institute of Chemistry and Metabolomics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Stefanie Derer
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Jens U Marquardt
- Department of Medicine I, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Christian Sina
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Department of Medicine I, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Fraunhofer Research Institution for Individualized and Cell-Based Medical Engineering, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Martina Müller
- Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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12
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Tosi M, Montanari C, Bona F, Tricella C, Agostinelli M, Dolor J, Chillemi C, Di Profio E, Tagi VM, Vizzuso S, Fiore G, Zuccotti G, Verduci E. Dietary Inflammatory Potential in Pediatric Diseases: A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:5095. [PMID: 38140353 PMCID: PMC10745369 DOI: 10.3390/nu15245095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory status is one of the main drivers in the development of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Specific unhealthy dietary patterns and the growing consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) may influence the inflammation process, which negatively modulates the gut microbiota and increases the risk of NCDs. Moreover, several chronic health conditions require special long-term dietary treatment, characterized by altered ratios of the intake of nutrients or by the consumption of disease-specific foods. In this narrative review, we aimed to collect the latest evidence on the pro-inflammatory potential of dietary patterns, foods, and nutrients in children affected by multifactorial diseases but also on the dietetic approaches used as treatment for specific diseases. Considering multifactorial diet-related diseases, the triggering effect of pro-inflammatory diets has been addressed for metabolic syndrome and inflammatory bowel diseases, and the latter for adults only. Future research is required on multiple sclerosis, type 1 diabetes, and pediatric cancer, in which the role of inflammation is emerging. For diseases requiring special diets, the role of single or multiple foods, possibly associated with inflammation, was assessed, but more studies are needed. The evidence collected highlighted the need for health professionals to consider the entire dietary pattern, providing balanced and healthy diets not only to permit the metabolic control of the disease itself, but also to prevent the development of NCDs in adolescence and adulthood. Personalized nutritional approaches, in close collaboration between the hospital, country, and families, must always be promoted together with the development of new methods for the assessment of pro-inflammatory dietary habits in pediatric age and the implementation of telemedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Tosi
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children’s Hospital, University of Milan, 20154 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (C.M.); (F.B.); (C.T.); (M.A.); (J.D.); (C.C.); (E.D.P.); (V.M.T.); (S.V.); (G.Z.)
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, 20146 Milan, Italy;
| | - Chiara Montanari
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children’s Hospital, University of Milan, 20154 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (C.M.); (F.B.); (C.T.); (M.A.); (J.D.); (C.C.); (E.D.P.); (V.M.T.); (S.V.); (G.Z.)
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Bona
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children’s Hospital, University of Milan, 20154 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (C.M.); (F.B.); (C.T.); (M.A.); (J.D.); (C.C.); (E.D.P.); (V.M.T.); (S.V.); (G.Z.)
| | - Chiara Tricella
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children’s Hospital, University of Milan, 20154 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (C.M.); (F.B.); (C.T.); (M.A.); (J.D.); (C.C.); (E.D.P.); (V.M.T.); (S.V.); (G.Z.)
| | - Marta Agostinelli
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children’s Hospital, University of Milan, 20154 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (C.M.); (F.B.); (C.T.); (M.A.); (J.D.); (C.C.); (E.D.P.); (V.M.T.); (S.V.); (G.Z.)
| | - Jonabell Dolor
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children’s Hospital, University of Milan, 20154 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (C.M.); (F.B.); (C.T.); (M.A.); (J.D.); (C.C.); (E.D.P.); (V.M.T.); (S.V.); (G.Z.)
| | - Claudia Chillemi
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children’s Hospital, University of Milan, 20154 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (C.M.); (F.B.); (C.T.); (M.A.); (J.D.); (C.C.); (E.D.P.); (V.M.T.); (S.V.); (G.Z.)
| | - Elisabetta Di Profio
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children’s Hospital, University of Milan, 20154 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (C.M.); (F.B.); (C.T.); (M.A.); (J.D.); (C.C.); (E.D.P.); (V.M.T.); (S.V.); (G.Z.)
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, 20146 Milan, Italy;
| | - Veronica Maria Tagi
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children’s Hospital, University of Milan, 20154 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (C.M.); (F.B.); (C.T.); (M.A.); (J.D.); (C.C.); (E.D.P.); (V.M.T.); (S.V.); (G.Z.)
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, 20146 Milan, Italy;
| | - Sara Vizzuso
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children’s Hospital, University of Milan, 20154 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (C.M.); (F.B.); (C.T.); (M.A.); (J.D.); (C.C.); (E.D.P.); (V.M.T.); (S.V.); (G.Z.)
| | - Giulia Fiore
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children’s Hospital, University of Milan, 20154 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (C.M.); (F.B.); (C.T.); (M.A.); (J.D.); (C.C.); (E.D.P.); (V.M.T.); (S.V.); (G.Z.)
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, 20146 Milan, Italy;
| | - Gianvincenzo Zuccotti
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children’s Hospital, University of Milan, 20154 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (C.M.); (F.B.); (C.T.); (M.A.); (J.D.); (C.C.); (E.D.P.); (V.M.T.); (S.V.); (G.Z.)
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Elvira Verduci
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, 20146 Milan, Italy;
- Metabolic Diseases Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children’s Hospital, University of Milan, 20154 Milan, Italy
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13
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Olshan KL, Leonard MM. Nutrition and risk of celiac disease - you are what you (wh)eat. Am J Clin Nutr 2023; 118:1071-1072. [PMID: 38044021 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine L Olshan
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Harvard Medical School, Celiac Education and Research Program, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Maureen M Leonard
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Harvard Medical School, Celiac Education and Research Program, Boston, MA, United States.
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14
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Simpson RC, Shanahan ER, Scolyer RA, Long GV. Towards modulating the gut microbiota to enhance the efficacy of immune-checkpoint inhibitors. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2023; 20:697-715. [PMID: 37488231 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-023-00803-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
The gut microbiota modulates immune processes both locally and systemically. This includes whether and how the immune system reacts to emerging tumours, whether antitumour immune responses are reactivated during treatment with immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), and whether unintended destructive immune pathologies accompany such treatment. Advances over the past decade have established that the gut microbiota is a promising target and that modulation of the microbiota might overcome resistance to ICIs and/or improve the safety of treatment. However, the specific mechanisms through which the microbiota modulates antitumour immunity remain unclear. Understanding the biology underpinning microbial associations with clinical outcomes in patients receiving ICIs, as well as the landscape of a 'healthy' microbiota would provide a critical foundation to facilitate opportunities to effectively manipulate the microbiota and thus improve patient outcomes. In this Review, we explore the role of diet and the gut microbiota in shaping immune responses during treatment with ICIs and highlight the key challenges in attempting to leverage the gut microbiome as a practical tool for the clinical management of patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca C Simpson
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Erin R Shanahan
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Richard A Scolyer
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Tissue Pathology and Diagnostic Oncology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and NSW Health Pathology, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Georgina V Long
- Melanoma Institute Australia, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
- Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
- Department of Medical Oncology, Royal North Shore and Mater Hospitals, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
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15
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Chiba M, Tsuji T, Komatsu M. Therapeutic advancement in inflammatory bowel disease by incorporating plant-based diet. Transl Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 8:38. [PMID: 38021365 PMCID: PMC10643194 DOI: 10.21037/tgh-23-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Identification and recognition of the ubiquitous environmental factor are prerequisite for treatment and prevention of the disease. The biggest problem with current practice in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is the lack of a widely appreciated ubiquitous environmental factor for the disease. The incidence of IBD is associated with dietary transition from a traditional diet to the current (westernized) diet. Prospective cohort studies and case-control studies indicate that the current diet is a risk factor for IBD. The current diet tends to cause gut microbial dysbiosis resulting in a pro-inflammatory state. Therefore, we regard our current diet as this factor. Even nutritionally balanced meals are unable to suppress relapse, particularly in Crohn's disease (CD). Therefore, we developed a plant-based diet (PBD) (lacto-ovo-semi-vegetarian diet) to counter the current diet. By incorporating the PBD into practice, we achieved far better outcomes in both ulcerative colitis (UC) and CD in both the induction and quiescent phases compared to the current standard therapy. All patients were treated on an inpatient basis and provided with a PBD. CD is far more untenable than UC and is destined to follow a disabling course. Therefore, infliximab was indicated in all patients with CD, but only in severe cases with UC. This infliximab and PBD as first-line (IPF) therapy broke the barrier of primary nonresponders to biologics (around 30%): the remission rate was 96% (44/46) in CD and 76% (13/17) in severe UC. A PBD can induce remission without medication in approximately one-third of mild cases of UC. All patients were advised to adhere PBD after discharge. In CD, a relapse-free outcome was achieved in nearly a half of patients (52%) at 10-year follow-up without biologics or immunosuppressants. Cumulative relapse rates for 51 initial episode cases of UC (18 mild, 30 moderate, 3 severe) at 1 and 5 years were 14% and 27%, respectively. We believe our assertion that the current diet is the ubiquitous environmental factor underlying IBD is correct and a PBD is right diet for the disease.
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16
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Elzayat H, Mesto G, Al-Marzooq F. Unraveling the Impact of Gut and Oral Microbiome on Gut Health in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. Nutrients 2023; 15:3377. [PMID: 37571313 PMCID: PMC10421146 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a complex disorder characterized by chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). IBD mainly includes two distinct diseases, namely Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. To date, the precise etiology of these conditions is not fully elucidated. Recent research has shed light on the significant role of the oral and gut microbiome in the development and progression of IBD and its collective influence on gut health. This review aims to investigate the connection between the oral and gut microbiome in the context of IBD, exploring the intricate interplay between these microbial communities and their impact on overall gut health. Recent advances in microbiome research have revealed a compelling link between the oral and gut microbiome, highlighting their pivotal role in maintaining overall health. The oral cavity and GIT are two interconnected ecosystems that harbor complex microbial communities implicated in IBD pathogenesis in several ways. Reduction in diversity and abundance of beneficial bacterial species with the colonization of opportunistic pathogens can induce gut inflammation. Some of these pathogens can arise from oral origin, especially in patients with oral diseases such as periodontitis. It is essential to discern the mechanisms of microbial transmission, the impact of oral health on the gut microbiome, and the potential role of dysbiosis in disease development. By elucidating this relationship, we can enhance our understanding of IBD pathogenesis and identify potential therapeutic avenues for managing the disease. Furthermore, innovative strategies for modulating the oral and gut microbiome can promote health and prevent disease occurrence and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hala Elzayat
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ghaidaa Mesto
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Farah Al-Marzooq
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
- Zayed Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
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17
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Thomas S, Dilbarov N, Kelly J, Mercogliano G, Prendergast GC. Diet effects on colonic health influence the efficacy of Bin1 mAb immunotherapy for ulcerative colitis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:11802. [PMID: 37479833 PMCID: PMC10361997 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38830-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an idiopathic disease of the large intestine linked to high fat-high protein diets, a dysbiotic microbiome, and a metabolome linked to diet and/or aberrant circadian rhythms associated with poor sleeping patterns. Understanding diet-affected factors that negatively influence colonic health may offer new insights into how to prevent UC and enhance the efficacy of UC immunotherapy. In this preclinical study, we found that standard or high fiber diets in mice positively influenced their colonic health, whereas a high fat-high protein diet negatively influenced colonic health, consistent with clinical findings. Animals fed a high fat/high protein diet experienced obesity and a reduced colon length, illustrating a phenotype we suggest calling peinosis [hunger-like-condition; Greek, peina: hunger; osis: condition], as marked by a lack of nutrient energy remaining in fecal pellets. Notably, a high fat/high protein diet also led to signs of muscle weakness that could not be explained fully by weight gain. In contrast, mice on a high fiber diet ranked highest compared to other diets in terms of colon length and lack of muscle weakness. That said, mice on a high fiber diet were more prone to UC and toxic responses to immunotherapy, consistent with clinical observations. Recent studies have suggested that a standard diet may be needed to support the efficacy of immunotherapeutic drugs used to prevent and treat UC. Here we observed that protection against UC by Bin1 mAb, a passive UC immunotherapy that acts by coordinately enforcing intestinal barrier function, protecting enteric neurons, and normalizing the microbiome, was associated with increased colonic levels of healthful short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), particularly butyric acid and propionic acid, which help enforce intestinal barrier function. This work offers a preclinical platform to investigate how diet affects UC immunotherapy and the potential of dietary SCFA supplements to enhance it. Further, it suggests that the beneficial effects of passive immunotherapy by Bin1 mAb in UC treatment may be mediated to some extent by promoting increased levels of healthful SCFA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Thomas
- Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, 100 E. Lancaster Avenue, Wynnewood, PA, 19096, USA.
| | - Nickey Dilbarov
- Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, 100 E. Lancaster Avenue, Wynnewood, PA, 19096, USA
| | - Joseph Kelly
- Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, 100 E. Lancaster Avenue, Wynnewood, PA, 19096, USA
| | | | - George C Prendergast
- Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, 100 E. Lancaster Avenue, Wynnewood, PA, 19096, USA
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18
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Zhu M, Song Y, Xu Y, Xu H. Manipulating Microbiota in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Treatment: Clinical and Natural Product Interventions Explored. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11004. [PMID: 37446182 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241311004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a complex multifactorial chronic inflammatory disease, that includes Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), having progressively increasing global incidence. Disturbed intestinal flora has been highlighted as an important feature of IBD and offers promising strategies for IBD remedies. A brief overview of the variations occurring in intestinal flora during IBD is presented, and the role of the gut microbiota in intestinal barrier maintenance, immune and metabolic regulation, and the absorption and supply of nutrients is reviewed. More importantly, we review drug research on gut microbiota in the past ten years, including research on clinical and natural drugs, as well as adjuvant therapies, such as Fecal Microbiota Transplantation and probiotic supplements. We also summarize the interventions and mechanisms of these drugs on gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjie Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yijie Song
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yu Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hongxi Xu
- Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
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19
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Noble AJ, Nowak JK, Adams AT, Uhlig HH, Satsangi J. Defining Interactions Between the Genome, Epigenome, and the Environment in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Progress and Prospects. Gastroenterology 2023; 165:44-60.e2. [PMID: 37062395 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2023.03.238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in our understanding of the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have highlighted the complex interplay between the genome, the epigenome, and the environment. Despite the exciting advances in genomics that have enabled the identification of over 200 susceptibility loci, these only account for a small proportion of the disease variance and the estimated heritability in IBD. It is likely that gene-environment (GxE) interactions contribute to "missing heritability" and these may act through epigenetic mechanisms. Several environmental factors, such as the microbiome, nutrition, and tobacco smoking, induce alterations in the epigenome of children and adults, which may impact disease susceptibility. Other mechanisms for GxE interactions are also directly pertinent in early life. We discuss a model in which environmental factors imprint disease risk in a window of susceptibility during infancy that may contribute to later disease onset, whereas other elements of the exposome act later in life and contribute directly to the pathogenesis and course of the disease. Understanding the mechanisms underlying GxE interactions may provide the basis for new therapeutic targets or preventative strategies for IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra J Noble
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
| | - Jan K Nowak
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Metabolic Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Alex T Adams
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Biomedical Research Center, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Holm H Uhlig
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Pediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Biomedical Research Center, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jack Satsangi
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Biomedical Research Center, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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20
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So BR, Kim S, Jang SH, Kim MJ, Lee JJ, Kim SR, Jung SK. Dietary protocatechuic acid redistributes tight junction proteins by targeting Rho-associated protein kinase to improve intestinal barrier function. Food Funct 2023; 14:4777-4791. [PMID: 37128780 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo00605k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is continuously increasing globally and caused by intestinal barrier dysfunction. Although protocatechuic acid (PCA) has a protective effect on colitis, the molecular mechanisms underlying its contribution to intestinal barrier function remain unknown. Transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and FITC-dextran permeability measurements reveled that PCA suppresses lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-induced increase in intestinal permeability; zonula occludens (ZO)-1 and claudin-2 redistribution was also suppressed in the epithelial cell membranes of differentiated Caco-2 cells. PCA was found to directly bind Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase (ROCK), subsequently suppressing myosin light chain (MLC) phosphorylation. Notably, PCA binds ROCK to a similar degree as Y27632, a selective ROCK inhibitor. Orally administering PCA (5 or 25 mg per kg per day) to C57BL/6 mice alleviated the 3% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis symptoms including reduced colon length, disrupted intestinal barrier structure, and increased proinflammatory cytokines expressions, such as interleukin (IL)-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6. Furthermore, orally administering PCA suppressed DSS-induced ZO-1 and claudin-2/4 redistribution in mice colon membrane fractions. Therefore, PCA may serve as a promising nutraceutical to improve gut health and alleviate IBD by maintaining intestinal barrier function in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Ram So
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
| | - San Kim
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
| | - Se Hyeon Jang
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
| | - Min Jeong Kim
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jeong Jae Lee
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
| | - Soo Rin Kim
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
- Research Institute of Tailored Food Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Keun Jung
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
- Research Institute of Tailored Food Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
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21
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Shon WJ, Jung MH, Kim Y, Kang GH, Choi EY, Shin DM. Sugar-sweetened beverages exacerbate high-fat diet-induced inflammatory bowel disease by altering the gut microbiome. J Nutr Biochem 2023; 113:109254. [PMID: 36572070 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.109254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
High-fat diets (HFDs) and frequent consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) are potential contributors to increasing inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) incidences. While HFDs have been implicated in mild intestinal inflammation, the role of sucrose in SSBs remains unclear. Therefore, we studied the role of SSBs in IBD pathogenesis in a mouse model and humans. C57BL6/J mice were given ad libitum access to a sucrose solution or plain water for 10 weeks, with or without an HFD. Interestingly, sucrose solution consumption alone did not induce gut inflammation in mice; however, when combined with an HFD, it dramatically increased the inflammation score, submucosal edema, and CD45+ cell infiltration. 16S ribosomal RNA gene-sequencing revealed that sucrose solution and HFD co-consumption significantly increased the relative abundance of IBD-related pathogenic bacteria when compared with HFD consumption. RNA sequencing and flow cytometry showed that co-consumption promoted pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine synthesis, dendritic-cell expansion, and IFN-γ+TNF-α+CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell activation. Fecal microbiota transplantation from HFD- and sucrose water-fed mice into gut-sterilized mice increased the susceptibility to dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in the recipient mice. Consistent herewith, high consumption of SSBs and animal fat-rich diets markedly increased systemic inflammation-associated IBD marker expression in humans. In conclusion, SSBs exacerbate HFD-induced colitis by triggering a shift of the gut microbiome into a pathobiome. Our findings provide new insights for the development of strategies aimed at preventing IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo-Jeong Shon
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul National University College of Human Ecology, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Ho Jung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Younghoon Kim
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyeong Hoon Kang
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Young Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute of Environment and Human Interface, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dong-Mi Shin
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul National University College of Human Ecology, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute on Aging, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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22
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Dixon KA, Michelsen MK, Carpenter CL. Modern Diets and the Health of Our Planet: An Investigation into the Environmental Impacts of Food Choices. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15030692. [PMID: 36771398 PMCID: PMC9919910 DOI: 10.3390/nu15030692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Popular modern diets are often seen as a panacea for improving health and promoting weight reduction. While there is a large body of literature reporting the health benefits of popular diets, few studies have described their planetary benefits. Our investigation aims to evaluate the simultaneous impacts of six popular diets within the United States on both human and planetary health. Using carbon footprint databases and representative meal plans, the environmental and health-related impacts of the Standard American, Mediterranean, vegan, paleo, keto, and climatarian diets are compared using the currently available literature. Results indicate that diets that exhibit lower carbon footprints also have positive effects on human health. The diets found to have the lowest environmental impacts were the vegan, climatarian, and Mediterranean diets. These low-carbon-footprint diets can likely be attributed to a reduced reliance on ruminant meat (cattle and sheep) and processed food consumption, while diets with high carbon footprints are more dependent on ruminant meat and saturated fat. Moderate consumption of meats such as chicken, pork, and fish in conjunction with an emphasis on locally grown fruits and vegetables can be maintained without adversely affecting the planetary carbon footprint and with the added benefit of promoting good health. Thus, making simple substitutions within each individual's diet can be advertised as an effective approach to collectively lower the environmental impact in tandem with improving health and longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiera A. Dixon
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA
| | - Malia K. Michelsen
- Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA
| | - Catherine L. Carpenter
- UCLA Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Correspondence:
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23
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Skoracka K, Hryhorowicz S, Rychter AM, Ratajczak AE, Szymczak-Tomczak A, Zawada A, Słomski R, Dobrowolska A, Krela-Kaźmierczak I. Why are western diet and western lifestyle pro-inflammatory risk factors of celiac disease? Front Nutr 2023; 9:1054089. [PMID: 36742009 PMCID: PMC9895111 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1054089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of celiac disease increased in recent years. In addition to the genetic and immunological factors, it appears that environmental determinants are also involved in the pathophysiology of celiac disease. Gastrointestinal infections impact the development of celiac disease. Current research does not directly confirm the protective effect of natural childbirth and breastfeeding on celiac disease. However, it seems that in genetically predisposed children, the amount of gluten introduced into the diet may have an impact on celiac disease development. Also western lifestyle, including western dietary patterns high in fat, sugar, and gliadin, potentially may increase the risk of celiac disease due to changes in intestinal microbiota, intestinal permeability, or mucosal inflammation. Further research is needed to expand the knowledge of the relationship between environmental factors and the development of celiac disease to define evidence-based preventive interventions against the development of celiac disease. The manuscript summarizes current knowledge on factors predisposing to the development of celiac disease including factors associated with the western lifestyle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Skoracka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland,Doctoral School, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland,*Correspondence: Kinga Skoracka ✉
| | | | - Anna Maria Rychter
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland,Doctoral School, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Alicja Ewa Ratajczak
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland,Doctoral School, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Szymczak-Tomczak
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Zawada
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Ryszard Słomski
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Dobrowolska
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Iwona Krela-Kaźmierczak
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
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24
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Alzahrani A, Alzahrani AJ, Shori AB. Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A focus on the Role of Probiotics in Ulcerative Colitis. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2023.11020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a cluster of disorders of the gastrointestinal tract characterized by chronic inflammation and imbalance of the gut microbiota in a genetically vulnerable host. Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis (UC) are well-known types of IBD, and due to its high prevalence, IBD has attracted the attention of researchers globally. The exact etiology of IBD is still unknown; however, various theories have been proposed to provide some explanatory clues that include gene-environment interactions and dysregulated immune response to the intestinal microbiota. These diseases are manifested by several clinical symptoms that depend on the affected segment of the intestine such as diarrhea, abdominal pain, and rectal bleeding. In this era of personalized medicine, various options are developing starting from improved intestinal microecology, small molecules, exosome therapy, to lastly stem cell transplantation. From another aspect, and in parallel to pharmacological intervention, nutrition, and dietary support have shown effectiveness in IBD management. There is an increasing evidence supporting the benefit of probiotics in the prophylaxis and treatment of IBD. There are several studies that have demonstrated that different probiotics alleviate UC. The present review summarizes the progress in the IBD studies focusing and exploring more on the role of probiotics as a potential adjunct approach in UC management.
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25
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Panah FM, Nielsen KD, Simpson GL, Schönherz A, Schramm A, Lauridsen C, Nielsen TS, Højberg O, Fredborg M, Purup S, Canibe N. A westernized diet changed the colonic bacterial composition and metabolite concentration in a dextran sulfate sodium pig model for ulcerative colitis. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1018242. [PMID: 37138607 PMCID: PMC10150118 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1018242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Ulcerative colitis (UC) is characterized by chronic inflammation in the colonic epithelium and has a blurred etiology. A western diet and microbial dysbiosis in the colon were reported to play a role in UC development. In this study, we investigated the effect of a westernized diet, i.e., increasing fat and protein content by including ground beef, on the colonic bacterial composition in a dextran sulfate sodium (DexSS) challenged pig study. Methods The experiment was carried out in three complete blocks following a 2×2 factorial design including 24 six-week old pigs, fed either a standard diet (CT) or the standard diet substituted with 15% ground beef to simulate a typical westernized diet (WD). Colitis was induced in half of the pigs on each dietary treatment by oral administration of DexSS (DSS and WD+DSS, respectively). Samples from proximal and distal colon and feces were collected. Results and discussion Bacterial alpha diversity was unaffected by experimental block, and sample type. In proximal colon, WD group had similar alpha diversity to CT group and the WD+DSS group showed the lowest alpha diversity compared to the other treatment groups. There was a significant interaction between western diet and DexSS for beta diversity, based on Bray-Curtis dissimilarly. The westernized diet and DexSS resulted in three and seven differentially abundant phyla, 21 and 65 species, respectively, mainly associated with the Firmicutes and Bacteroidota phyla followed by Spirochaetota, Desulfobacterota, and Proteobacteria. The concentration of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) was lowest in the distal colon. Treatment had a slight effect on the estimates for microbial metabolites that might have valuable biological relevance for future studies. The concentration of putrescine in the colon and feces and that of total biogenic amines was highest in the WD+DSS group. We conclude that a westernized diet could be a potential risk factor and an exacerbating agent for UC by reducing the abundance of SCFA-producing bacteria, increasing the abundance of pathogens such as Helicobacter trogontum, and by increasing the concentration of microbial proteolytic-derived metabolites in the colon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhad M. Panah
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Aarhus University, Tjele, Denmark
- *Correspondence: Farhad M. Panah,
| | - Katrine D. Nielsen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Aarhus University, Tjele, Denmark
| | - Gavin L. Simpson
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Aarhus University, Tjele, Denmark
| | - Anna Schönherz
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Aarhus University, Tjele, Denmark
| | | | - Charlotte Lauridsen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Aarhus University, Tjele, Denmark
| | - Tina S. Nielsen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Aarhus University, Tjele, Denmark
| | - Ole Højberg
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Aarhus University, Tjele, Denmark
| | - Marlene Fredborg
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Aarhus University, Tjele, Denmark
| | - Stig Purup
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Aarhus University, Tjele, Denmark
| | - Nuria Canibe
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Aarhus University, Tjele, Denmark
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26
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Tsai KY, You JF, Tsai TY, Chern YJ, Hsu YJ, Huang SH, Tsai WS. Improvement of ulcerative colitis control by searching and restricting of inflammatory trigger factors in daily clinical practice. Intest Res 2023; 21:100-109. [PMID: 36366932 PMCID: PMC9911270 DOI: 10.5217/ir.2021.00110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Exacerbating factors of ulcerative colitis (UC) are multiple and complex with individual influence. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of disease control by searching and restricting inflammation trigger factors of UC relapse individually in daily clinical practice. METHODS Both patients with UC history or new diagnosis were asked to avoid dairy products at first doctor visit. Individual-reported potential trigger factors were restricted when UC flared up (Mayo endoscopy score ≥1) from remission status. The remission rate, duration to remission and medication were analyzed between the groups of factor restriction complete, incomplete and unknown. RESULTS The total remission rate was 91.7% of 108 patients with complete restriction of dairy product. The duration to remission of UC history group was significantly longer than that of new diagnosis group (88.5 days vs. 43.4 days, P=0.006) in patients with initial endoscopic score 2-3, but no difference in patients with score 1. After first remission, the inflammation trigger factors in 161 relapse episodes of 72 patients were multiple and personal. Milk/dairy products, herb medicine/Chinese tonic food and dietary supplement were the common factors, followed by psychological issues, non-dietary factors (smoking cessation, cosmetic products) and discontinuation of medication by patients themselves. Factor unknown accounted for 14.1% of patients. The benefits of factor complete restriction included shorter duration to remission (P<0.001), less steroid and biological agent use (P=0.022) when compared to incomplete restriction or factor unknown group. CONCLUSIONS Restriction of dairy diet first then searching and restricting trigger factors personally if UC relapse can improve the disease control and downgrade the medication usage of UC patients in daily clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Yu Tsai
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Jeng-Fu You
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Tzong-Yun Tsai
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yih Jong Chern
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yu-Jen Hsu
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Shu-Huan Huang
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Wen-Sy Tsai
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China,School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China,Correspondence to Wen-Sy Tsai, School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hwa 1st Road, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan, Republic of China. Tel: +886-3-3281200 (ext. 2101), Fax: +886-3-3278355, E-mail:
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27
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Garcia C, Anto L, Blesso CN. Effects of Milk Polar Lipids on DSS-Induced Colitis Severity Are Dependent on Dietary Fat Content. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14235145. [PMID: 36501176 PMCID: PMC9738862 DOI: 10.3390/nu14235145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
In the United States, over three million adults suffer from inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The gut microbiome, host immune response, and nutrient-microbial interactions are known to play a role in IBD. The relationship between dairy and IBD is controversial; thus, the objectives of this study were to identify how milk polar lipids (MPLs) and anhydrous milk fat affect colitis disease activity, the colonic transcriptome, and the gut microbiome in a mouse model of chemical-induced colitis. Male and female C57BL/6J mice (n = 120) were randomized into either a low (5% w/w) milk fat or a high (21% w/w) milk fat diet supplemented with either 0%, 1%, or 2% w/w of MPLs for three weeks (n = 10/group/sex). Afterwards, colitis was induced using 1% dextran sodium sulfate in drinking water for five days (colitis induction) and then switched to regular water for five days (colitis recovery). Mice fed added MPLs were protected against colitis when fed a high-fat diet, while added MPLs during low-fat diet attenuated disease activity during the colitis induction period yet promoted colitis and inflammation in male mice during the recovery period. Dietary fat content can alter colitis and influence the anti-inflammatory effect of milk polar lipids.
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28
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Diet-driven microbial ecology underpins associations between cancer immunotherapy outcomes and the gut microbiome. Nat Med 2022; 28:2344-2352. [PMID: 36138151 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-022-01965-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The gut microbiota shapes the response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in cancer, however dietary and geographic influences have not been well-studied in prospective trials. To address this, we prospectively profiled baseline gut (fecal) microbiota signatures and dietary patterns of 103 trial patients from Australia and the Netherlands treated with neoadjuvant ICIs for high risk resectable metastatic melanoma and performed an integrated analysis with data from 115 patients with melanoma treated with ICIs in the United States. We observed geographically distinct microbial signatures of response and immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Overall, response rates were higher in Ruminococcaceae-dominated microbiomes than in Bacteroidaceae-dominated microbiomes. Poor response was associated with lower fiber and omega 3 fatty acid consumption and elevated levels of C-reactive protein in the peripheral circulation at baseline. Together, these data provide insight into the relevance of native gut microbiota signatures, dietary intake and systemic inflammation in shaping the response to and toxicity from ICIs, prompting the need for further studies in this area.
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29
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Chervy M, Sivignon A, Dambrine F, Buisson A, Sauvanet P, Godfraind C, Allez M, Le Bourhis L, The Remind Group, Barnich N, Denizot J. Epigenetic master regulators HDAC1 and HDAC5 control pathobiont Enterobacteria colonization in ileal mucosa of Crohn's disease patients. Gut Microbes 2022; 14:2127444. [PMID: 36175163 PMCID: PMC9542275 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2022.2127444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
AIEC Adherent-Invasive Escherichia coli; BSA Bovine serum albumin; CD Crohn's disease; CEABAC10 Carcinoembryonic antigen bacterial artificial chromosome 10; CEACAM Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule; FBS Fetal bovine serum; IBD Inflammatory Bowel Disease; HAT Histone acetyltransferase; HDAC Histone deacetylase; kDa KiloDalton; SAHA Suberoylanilide Hydroxamic Acid; Scr Scramble.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélissa Chervy
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Inserm U1071, USC-INRAE 2018, Microbes, Intestin, Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l'Hôte (M2iSH), Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Adeline Sivignon
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Inserm U1071, USC-INRAE 2018, Microbes, Intestin, Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l'Hôte (M2iSH), Clermont-Ferrand, France,Institut Universitaire de Technologie, Génie Biologique, Aubière, France
| | - Flavie Dambrine
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Inserm U1071, USC-INRAE 2018, Microbes, Intestin, Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l'Hôte (M2iSH), Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Anthony Buisson
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Inserm U1071, USC-INRAE 2018, Microbes, Intestin, Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l'Hôte (M2iSH), Clermont-Ferrand, France,Gastroenterology Department, CHU Estaing, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Pierre Sauvanet
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Inserm U1071, USC-INRAE 2018, Microbes, Intestin, Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l'Hôte (M2iSH), Clermont-Ferrand, France,Surgery and Oncology Digestive Department, CHU Estaing, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Catherine Godfraind
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Inserm U1071, USC-INRAE 2018, Microbes, Intestin, Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l'Hôte (M2iSH), Clermont-Ferrand, France,Neuropathology Unit, CHU Gabriel Montpied, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Matthieu Allez
- Gastroenterology Department, Hôpital Saint-Louis - APHP, Paris, France,Université De Paris, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, EMily, INSERM U1160, Paris, France,Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - Lionel Le Bourhis
- Université De Paris, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, EMily, INSERM U1160, Paris, France
| | | | - Nicolas Barnich
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Inserm U1071, USC-INRAE 2018, Microbes, Intestin, Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l'Hôte (M2iSH), Clermont-Ferrand, France,Institut Universitaire de Technologie, Génie Biologique, Aubière, France
| | - Jérémy Denizot
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Inserm U1071, USC-INRAE 2018, Microbes, Intestin, Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l'Hôte (M2iSH), Clermont-Ferrand, France,Institut Universitaire de Technologie, Génie Biologique, Aubière, France,CONTACT Jérémy Denizot M2iSH, UMR 1071 Inserm/Université Clermont Auvergne, CBRV, 28 place Henri Dunant, Clermont-Ferrand63001, France
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Yan J, Wang L, Gu Y, Hou H, Liu T, Ding Y, Cao H. Dietary Patterns and Gut Microbiota Changes in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Current Insights and Future Challenges. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14194003. [PMID: 36235658 PMCID: PMC9572174 DOI: 10.3390/nu14194003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a result of a complex interplay between genes, host immune response, gut microbiota, and environmental factors. As one of the crucial environmental factors, diet plays a pivotal role in the modulation of gut microbiota community and the development of IBD. In this review, we present an overview of dietary patterns involved in the pathogenesis and management of IBD, and analyze the associated gut microbial alterations. A Westernized diet rich in protein, fats and refined carbohydrates tends to cause dysbiosis and promote IBD progression. Some dietary patterns have been found effective in obtaining IBD clinical remission, including Crohn's Disease Exclusion Diet (CDED), Mediterranean diet (MD), Anti-Inflammatory Diet (AID), the low-"Fermentable Oligo-, Di-, Mono-saccharides and Polyols" (FODMAP) diet, Specific Carbohydrate Diet (SCD), and plant-based diet, etc. Overall, many researchers have reported the role of diet in regulating gut microbiota and the IBD disease course. However, more prospective studies are required to achieve consistent and solid conclusions in the future. This review provides some recommendations for studies exploring novel and potential dietary strategies that prevent IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
- Department of Nutrition, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an 710038, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, the Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Chengde 067000, China
| | - Yu Gu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Huiqin Hou
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Tianyu Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Yiyun Ding
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Hailong Cao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
- Correspondence:
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Infliximab and Plant-Based Diet as First-Line Therapy Followed by Corticosteroid Therapy for Severe Ulcerative Colitis: A Case Report. GASTROINTESTINAL DISORDERS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/gidisord4040022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We developed infliximab and a plant-based diet as first-line (IPF) therapies for severe ulcerative colitis (UC). It increased the remission rate and decreased the colectomy rate compared to those of current standards. We encountered a case with severe UC in which the consecutive use of IPF therapy and corticosteroid therapy was required to induce remission. A 21-year-old male worker developed diarrhea, abdominal pain, marked weight loss from 70 to 55 kg, and anorexia. He was diagnosed with severe ulcerative colitis. IPF therapy was initiated. Improvement in symptoms and biomarkers was seen soon after the first infusion of infliximab (300 mg). Further improvement in symptoms was observed after both the second and third infliximab infusions. Loose stool and abdominal pain on defecation were still present, however, and biomarkers were above the reference range. Therefore, oral prednisolone (40 mg/day) was consecutively initiated. This resulted in clinical and endoscopic remission. In conclusion, we present a severe UC case in which the response to IPF therapy was insufficient. Consecutive oral prednisolone successfully induced remission. This new stepwise modality will make IPF therapy the first-choice therapy for severe UC.
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Onset of Ulcerative Colitis in a Patient with Type 2 Diabetes: Efficacy of a Plant-Based Diet for Both Diseases. GASTROINTESTINAL DISORDERS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/gidisord4040021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
No case has been reported in which ulcerative colitis occurred in a patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus and the patient was treated with a plant-based diet. A 56-year-old man with a 3-year history of diabetes noticed bloody stool about 2 months after his worst glycated hemoglobin A1c test. Endoscopy revealed diffuse inflammation in the rectum. He was diagnosed with ulcerative colitis (proctitis, mild severity). He underwent educational hospitalization. A plant-based diet (1400 kcal/day) was provided. The same dosage of metformin was continued, but no medication was prescribed for ulcerative colitis. At the end of hospitalization, fecal occult blood 271 ng/mL became negative. Glycated hemoglobin A1c 6.9% had decreased to 6.6%. Two months after discharge, glycated hemoglobin A1c decreased to normal for the first time in 3.5 years. Ulcerative colitis had been in remission without medication for one and a half years after the educational hospitalization. Thereafter, however, he experienced two flareups. Deterioration in glycated hemoglobin A1c preceded the flareups. We described a scarcely reported case in which ulcerative colitis occurred in a patient with diabetes and the patient was treated with a plant-based diet. The plant-based diet was effective for both diseases. It seemed that the status of diabetes influenced the onset and relapse of ulcerative colitis.
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Kang GU, Park S, Jung Y, Jee JJ, Kim MS, Lee S, Lee DW, Shin JH, Koh H. Exploration of Potential Gut Microbiota-Derived Biomarkers to Predict the Success of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Ulcerative Colitis: A Prospective Cohort in Korea. Gut Liver 2022; 16:775-785. [PMID: 35975640 PMCID: PMC9474483 DOI: 10.5009/gnl210369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims Although fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has been proven as one of the promising treatments for patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), potential prognostic markers regarding the clinical outcomes of FMT remain elusive. Methods We collected fecal samples of 10 participants undergoing FMT to treat UC and those from the corresponding donors. We categorized them into two groups: responders and nonresponders. Sequencing of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene was conducted on the samples to explore bacterial composition. Results Analyzing the gut microbiota of patients who showed different outcomes in FMT presented a distinct microbial niche. Source tracking analysis showed the nonresponder group had a higher rate of preservation of donor microbiota, underscoring that engraftment degrees are not one of the major drivers for the success of FMT. At the phylum level, Bacteroidetes bacteria were significantly depleted (p<0.003), and three genera, including Enterococcus, Rothia, and Pediococcus, were enriched in the responder group before FMT (p=0.003, p=0.025, and p=0.048, respectively). Furthermore, we applied a machine learning algorithm to build a prediction model that might allow the prediction of FMT outcomes, which yielded an area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of 0.844. Notably, the microbiota-based model was much better at predicting outcomes than the clinical features model (area under the ROC curve=0.531). Conclusions This study is the first to suggest the significance of indigenous microbiota of recipients as a critical factor. The result highlights that bacterial composition should be evaluated before FMT to select suitable patients and achieve better efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gi-Ung Kang
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Sowon Park
- Department of Pediatrics, Severance Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeongyun Jung
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jai J Jee
- Department of Pediatrics, Severance Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min-Sueng Kim
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Seungjun Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea
| | - Dong-Woo Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Ho Shin
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Hong Koh
- Department of Pediatrics, Severance Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Gregor A, Huber L, Auernigg-Haselmaier S, Sternberg F, Billerhart M, Dunkel A, Somoza V, Ogris M, Kofler B, Longo VD, König J, Duszka K. A Comparison of the Impact of Restrictive Diets on the Gastrointestinal Tract of Mice. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14153120. [PMID: 35956298 PMCID: PMC9370610 DOI: 10.3390/nu14153120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The rate of gut inflammatory diseases is growing in modern society. Previously, we showed that caloric restriction (CR) shapes gut microbiota composition and diminishes the expression of inflammatory factors along the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The current project aimed to assess whether prominent dietary restrictive approaches, including intermittent fasting (IF), fasting-mimicking diet (FMD), and ketogenic diet (KD) have a similar effect as CR. We sought to verify which of the restrictive dietary approaches is the most potent and if the molecular pathways responsible for the impact of the diets overlap. We characterized the impact of the diets in the context of several dietary restriction-related parameters, including immune status in the GI tract; microbiota and its metabolites; bile acids (BAs); gut morphology; as well as autophagy-, mitochondria-, and energy restriction-related parameters. The effects of the various diets are very similar, particularly between CR, IF, and FMD. The occurrence of a 50 kDa truncated form of occludin, the composition of the microbiota, and BAs distinguished KD from the other diets. Based on the results, we were able to provide a comprehensive picture of the impact of restrictive diets on the gut, indicating that restrictive protocols aimed at improving gut health may be interchangeable.
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Affiliation(s)
- András Gregor
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.G.); (L.H.); (S.A.-H.); (J.K.)
| | - Laura Huber
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.G.); (L.H.); (S.A.-H.); (J.K.)
| | - Sandra Auernigg-Haselmaier
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.G.); (L.H.); (S.A.-H.); (J.K.)
| | - Felix Sternberg
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Biophysics, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Magdalena Billerhart
- Laboratory of Macromolecular Cancer Therapeutics (MMCT), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.B.); (M.O.)
| | - Andreas Dunkel
- Leibniz Institute for Food Systems Biology at the Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany; (A.D.); (V.S.)
| | - Veronika Somoza
- Leibniz Institute for Food Systems Biology at the Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany; (A.D.); (V.S.)
| | - Manfred Ogris
- Laboratory of Macromolecular Cancer Therapeutics (MMCT), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.B.); (M.O.)
| | - Barbara Kofler
- Research Program for Receptor Biochemistry and Tumor Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria;
| | - Valter D. Longo
- Longevity Institute, Leonard Davis, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA;
| | - Jürgen König
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.G.); (L.H.); (S.A.-H.); (J.K.)
| | - Kalina Duszka
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.G.); (L.H.); (S.A.-H.); (J.K.)
- Correspondence:
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Mazumder S, Bindu S, De R, Debsharma S, Pramanik S, Bandyopadhyay U. Emerging role of mitochondrial DAMPs, aberrant mitochondrial dynamics and anomalous mitophagy in gut mucosal pathogenesis. Life Sci 2022; 305:120753. [PMID: 35787999 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Gastroduodenal inflammation and ulcerative injuries are increasing due to expanding socio-economic stress, unhealthy food habits-lifestyle, smoking, alcoholism and usage of medicines like non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. In fact, gastrointestinal (GI) complications, associated with the prevailing COVID-19 pandemic, further, poses a challenge to global healthcare towards safeguarding the GI tract. Emerging evidences have discretely identified mitochondrial dysfunctions as common etiological denominators in diseases. However, it is worth realizing that mitochondrial dysfunctions are not just consequences of diseases. Rather, damaged mitochondria severely aggravate the pathogenesis thereby qualifying as perpetrable factors worth of prophylactic and therapeutic targeting. Oxidative and nitrosative stress due to endogenous and exogenous stimuli triggers mitochondrial injury causing production of mitochondrial damage associated molecular patterns (mtDAMPs), which, in a feed-forward loop, inflicts inflammatory tissue damage. Mitochondrial structural dynamics and mitophagy are crucial quality control parameters determining the extent of mitopathology and disease outcomes. Interestingly, apart from endogenous factors, mitochondria also crosstalk and in turn get detrimentally affected by gut pathobionts colonized during luminal dysbiosis. Although mitopathology is documented in various pre-clinical/clinical studies, a comprehensive account appreciating the mitochondrial basis of GI mucosal pathologies is largely lacking. Here we critically discuss the molecular events impinging on mitochondria along with the interplay of mitochondria-derived factors in fueling mucosal pathogenesis. We specifically emphasize on the potential role of aberrant mitochondrial dynamics, anomalous mitophagy, mitochondrial lipoxidation and ferroptosis as emerging regulators of GI mucosal pathogenesis. We finally discuss about the prospect of mitochondrial targeting for next-generation drug discovery against GI disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somnath Mazumder
- Department of Zoology, Raja Peary Mohan College, 1 Acharya Dhruba Pal Road, Uttarpara, West Bengal 712258, India
| | - Samik Bindu
- Department of Zoology, Cooch Behar Panchanan Barma University, Cooch Behar, West Bengal 736101, India
| | - Rudranil De
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Kolkata, Plot No: 36, 37 & 38, Major Arterial Road, Action Area II, Kadampukur Village, Newtown, Kolkata, West Bengal 700135, India
| | - Subhashis Debsharma
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, West Bengal 700032, India
| | - Saikat Pramanik
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, West Bengal 700032, India
| | - Uday Bandyopadhyay
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, West Bengal 700032, India; Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, EN 80, Sector V, Bidhan Nagar, Kolkata, West Bengal 700091, India.
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Joshi A, Soni A, Acharya S. In vitro models and ex vivo systems used in inflammatory bowel disease. IN VITRO MODELS 2022. [PMID: 37519330 PMCID: PMC9036838 DOI: 10.1007/s44164-022-00017-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic, relapsing gastrointestinal condition. Ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease are types of inflammatory bowel disease. Over many decades, the disease has been a topic of study, with experts still trying to figure out its cause and pathology. Researchers have established many in vivo animal models, in vitro cell lines, and ex vivo systems to understand its cause ultimately and adequately identify a therapy. However, in vivo animal models cannot be regarded as good models for studying IBD since they cannot completely simulate the disease. Furthermore, because species differences are a crucial subject of concern, in vitro cell lines and ex vivo systems can be employed to recreate the condition properly. In vitro models serve as the starting point for biological and medical research. Ex vivo and in vitro models for replicating gut physiology have been developed. This review aims to present a clear understanding of several in vitro and ex vivo models of IBD and provide insights into their benefits and limits and their value in understanding intestinal physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Joshi
- Department of Pharmacology, SSR College of Pharmacy, Union Territory of Dadra 396230 Sayli, Silvassa, India
| | - Arun Soni
- Department of Pharmacology, SSR College of Pharmacy, Union Territory of Dadra 396230 Sayli, Silvassa, India
| | - Sanjeev Acharya
- Department of Pharmacognosy, SSR College of Pharmacy, Union Territory of Dadra 396230 Sayli, Silvassa, India
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Zangara MT, Ponti AK, Miller ND, Engelhart MJ, Ahern PP, Sangwan N, McDonald C. Maltodextrin Consumption Impairs the Intestinal Mucus Barrier and Accelerates Colitis Through Direct Actions on the Epithelium. Front Immunol 2022; 13:841188. [PMID: 35359925 PMCID: PMC8963984 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.841188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Food additives are common components of processed foods consumed in a Western diet. In inflammatory bowel disease patients, some diets that exclude food additives improved clinical disease parameters, suggesting a link between food additives and disease pathogenesis. Food additives also enhanced disease severity in mouse colitis models through incompletely described mechanisms. This study examined the mechanisms by which the food additive maltodextrin (MDX) alters the development of colitis in a murine model. Interleukin-10 knockout (IL10KO) mice were fed diets supplemented with MDX or carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) to determine their impact on colitis onset and severity; microbiome composition, function, and location; colonic immune cell infiltrates; and mucus layer integrity. Primary IL10KO colonic epithelial monolayers were used to dissect the impact of MDX directly on epithelial differentiation and mucus production. MDX or CMC consumption increased the incidence and severity of colitis, as well as decreased microbiome diversity, altered microbial composition, and decreased fecal acetic acid levels. The number of mucus producing cells were decreased in food additive fed mice and resulted in increased microbial proximity to the intestinal epithelium. Additionally, MDX supplementation resulted in crypt hyperplasia and expansion of the HopX+ injury renewal stem cell niche. In primary intestinal epithelial-derived monolayers devoid of microbes and immune cells, MDX exposure decreased goblet cell number and mucus production in association with downregulated expression of the transcription factor Klf4, a marker of terminally differentiated goblet cells. These results suggest MDX disrupts the balance of epithelial cell differentiation and proliferation to contribute to disease pathogenesis through direct and indirect actions on the intestinal epithelial barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan T. Zangara
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Department of Inflammation & Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - András K. Ponti
- Department of Inflammation & Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Noah D. Miller
- Department of Inflammation & Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Department of Biology, John Carroll University, University Heights, OH, United States
| | - Morgan J. Engelhart
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Department of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Philip P. Ahern
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Department of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Naseer Sangwan
- Department of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Microbiome Composition and Analytics Cores, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Christine McDonald
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Department of Inflammation & Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
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Schwarzfischer M, Rogler G. The Intestinal Barrier-Shielding the Body from Nano- and Microparticles in Our Diet. Metabolites 2022; 12:223. [PMID: 35323666 PMCID: PMC8952728 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12030223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Nano- and microparticles are an implicit part of the human diet. They are unknowingly ingested with our food that contains them as additives or pollutants. However, their impact on human health is not yet understood and controversially discussed. The intestinal epithelial barrier shields our body against exogenous influences, such as commensal bacteria, pathogens, and body-foreign particles and, therefore, protects our body integrity. Breakdown of the intestinal epithelial barrier and aberrant immune responses are key events in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Epithelial lesions might enable systemic translocation of nano- and microparticles into the system, eventually triggering an excessive immune response. Thus, IBD patients could be particularly vulnerable to adverse health effects caused by the ingestion of synthetic particles with food. The food-additive titanium dioxide (TiO2) serves as a coloring agent in food products and is omnipresent in the Western diet. TiO2 nanoparticles exacerbate intestinal inflammation by activation of innate and adaptive immune response. Because of serious safety concerns, the use of TiO2 as a food additive was recently banned from food production within the European Union. Due to environmental pollution, plastic has entered the human food chain, and plastic microparticles have been evidenced in the drinking water and comestible goods. The impact of plastic ingestion and its resulting consequences on human health is currently the subject of intense research. Focusing on TiO2 and plastic particles in the human diet and their impact on epithelial integrity, gut homeostasis, and intestinal inflammation, this review is addressing contemporary hot topics which are currently attracting a lot of public attention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gerhard Rogler
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland;
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Chiba M, Tsuji T, Ohno H, Komatsu M. Stepwise Treatment With Plant-Based Diet and Medication for Patient With Mild Ulcerative Colitis. Perm J 2021; 25. [PMID: 35348099 DOI: 10.7812/tpp/21.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We regard inflammatory bowel disease as a lifestyle disease mainly mediated by a westernized diet. We developed a plant-based diet (PBD) to counter the westernized diet. PBD can induce remission without medication in a subset of mild cases of ulcerative colitis. Medication is provided when induction of remission is not achieved solely with PBD. We describe such a case in this report. CASE PRESENTATION A 34-year-old woman visited us in October 2016 with a complaint of loose stool for nearly 5 years. Laboratory examination revealed mild abnormalities including elevation of C-reactive protein (CRP). Ulcerative colitis was diagnosed due to diffuse colonic inflammation and pathological findings consistent with ulcerative colitis. She was admitted for educational hospitalization for 19 days in the middle of November, during which PBD was provided. A few days after admission, her stool became normal. CRP concentration decreased to within the normal range. However, colonoscopy on discharge showed minimum improvement. Thereafter, CRP was abnormal on three successive occasions, and her stool alternated between normal and loose. Sulfasalazine was initiated at the end of March 2017. Thereafter, her stool was normally formed, and CRP decreased to normal. Endoscopic remission was confirmed in August. Her PBD score, which evaluates adherence to PBD, was 8 before admission, and 37 and 16 at 7 and 21 months after discharge, respectively. CONCLUSION Medication was administered when restoration of a healthy dietary lifestyle was insufficient to induce remission. Our stepwise treatment makes the shift from one-size-fits-all medication toward medication to the right patient. REGISTRATION http://www.umin.ac.jp UMIN000019061.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuro Chiba
- Division of Gastroenterology, Akita City Hospital, Akita City, Japan
| | - Tsuyotoshi Tsuji
- Division of Gastroenterology, Akita City Hospital, Akita City, Japan
| | - Hideo Ohno
- Division of Gastroenterology, Akita City Hospital, Akita City, Japan
| | - Masafumi Komatsu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Akita City Hospital, Akita City, Japan
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Xu C, Liu Z, Xiao J. Ferroptosis: A Double-Edged Sword in Gastrointestinal Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212403. [PMID: 34830285 PMCID: PMC8620748 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a novel form of regulated cell death (RCD) that is typically accompanied by iron accumulation and lipid peroxidation. In contrast to apoptosis, autophagy, and necroptosis, ferroptosis has unique biological processes and pathophysiological characteristics. Since it was first proposed in 2012, ferroptosis has attracted attention worldwide. Ferroptosis is involved in the progression of multiple diseases and could be a novel therapeutic target in the future. Recently, tremendous progress has been made regarding ferroptosis and gastrointestinal diseases, including intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), gastric cancer (GC), and colorectal cancer (CRC). In this review, we summarize the recent progress on ferroptosis and its interaction with gastrointestinal diseases. Understanding the role of ferroptosis in gastrointestinal disease pathogenesis could provide novel therapeutic targets for clinical treatment.
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41
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Chen Y, Cui W, Li X, Yang H. Interaction Between Commensal Bacteria, Immune Response and the Intestinal Barrier in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Front Immunol 2021; 12:761981. [PMID: 34858414 PMCID: PMC8632219 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.761981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), intestinal mucosa cell and intestinal epithelial cell are severely damaged, and then their susceptibility to bacteria increases, so many commensal bacteria become pathogenic. The pathogenic commensal bacteria can stimulate a series of compensatory immune responses in the intestine. However, the immune response prevents the intestinal tract from restoring homeostasis, which in turn produces an indispensable inflammatory response. On the contrary, in IBD, the fierce inflammatory response contributes to the development of IBD. However, the effect of commensal bacteria on inflammation in IBD has not been clearly studied. Therefore, we further summarize the changes brought about by the changes of commensal bacteria to the inflammation of the intestines and their mutual influence. This article reviews the protective mechanism of commensal bacteria in healthy people and the mechanism of commensal bacteria and immune response to the destruction of the intestinal barrier when IBD occurs. The treatment and prevention of IBD are also briefly summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xiao Li
- Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Laboratory Diagnostics, School of Medical Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Huan Yang
- Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Laboratory Diagnostics, School of Medical Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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Cui G, Liu H, Xu G, Laugsand JB, Pang Z. Exploring Links Between Industrialization, Urbanization, and Chinese Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:757025. [PMID: 34778319 PMCID: PMC8581156 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.757025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Evidence is emerging that the incidence of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) is dramatically increased in China, but with a geographic variation. Objectives: We performed a review to summarize the link of accelerated industrialization, urbanization to changing trends in the incidence of IBD over the last three decades. Methods: An electronic database search was performed in PubMed, Medline, EMBASE and Google Scholar (for English literature) and the China Science Periodical Database in Wanfang Data (for Chinese literature) from January 1990 to June 2020. Results: By systematically analyzing the changing trends of gross domestic product (GDP) or GDP per capita, population migration from rural areas to cities and increasing incidence of IBD in parallel in different Chinese regions, an association between accelerated industrialization and urbanization and rising rate of IBD was shown. In which, rates of IBD incidence were higher in provinces with a high value of GDP per capita than those provinces with a low value of GDP per capita. Analysis of available epidemiological data revealed that the incidence of IBD was rising in parallel with increasing trends of both gross products of industry and urban population in Yunnan Province in a 14-year interval. Further evidence suggested that industrialization- and urbanization-induced subsequent changes in environmental factors, e.g., Westernized dietary habits and obesity, and work-related stress, might contribute to the increased risk of IBD in China. In addition, the preliminary results showed that urbanization and Westernized dietary habits might induce significant changes in gut microbiota profile that are possibly to increase the risk for IBD in Chinese. Conclusions: Existing evidence to suggest that accelerated industrialization/urbanization is associated with the increasing incidence of IBD in China, which provides novel insights to study the possible mechanisms for the recent increasing incidence of IBD in newly industrialized and urbanized developing countries. In the future, the interaction between relevant environmental factors e.g., air/water pollution and IBD susceptibility genes in Chinese should be examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanglin Cui
- Research Group of Gastrointestinal Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Faculty of Health Science, Nord University, Levanger, Norway
| | - Hanzhe Liu
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Gang Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, South Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | | | - Zhigang Pang
- Research Group of Gastrointestinal Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Khademi Z, Milajerdi A, Larijani B, Esmaillzadeh A. Dietary Intake of Total Carbohydrates, Sugar and Sugar-Sweetened Beverages, and Risk of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies. Front Nutr 2021; 8:707795. [PMID: 34660658 PMCID: PMC8517080 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.707795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: No earlier study has summarized findings from prospective cohort studies on the association of dietary carbohydrates, sugar, and sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) consumption and risk of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The current study was done to quantitatively summarize earlier information from prospective cohort studies on the link between dietary carbohydrates, sugar, and SSBs intake with risk of IBD. Methods: Relevant studies published up to June 2021 were searched through PubMed, Medline, SCOPUS, EMBASE, and Google Scholar with the use of relevant keywords. All prospective cohort studies investigating the association of dietary carbohydrates, sugar, and SSBs consumption with risk of IBD were included. Results: Combining 5 effect sizes from 4 cohort studies, no significant association was found between dietary intake of carbohydrates and risk of ulcerative colitis (UC) (RR: 1.22; 95% CI: 0.70–2.14). The same findings were obtained for risk of Crohn's disease (CD) (RR: 1.06; 95% CI: 0.64–1.75) based on 4 studies with 5 effect sizes. A significant positive association was observed between sugar intake and risk of UC (RR: 1.59; 95% CI: 1.15–2.20), as well as CD (RR: 1.90; 95% CI: 1.06–3.41) when 5 effect sizes from 4 cohort studies were combined. The overall effect size, based on 4 estimates, revealed no significant association between SSBs consumption and risk of UC (RR: 1.02; 95% CI: 0.92–1.12) and CD (RR: 1.22; 95% CI: 0.91–1.64). Conclusions: Summarizing earlier studies, sugar intake was found to be associated with increased risk of IBD and its subtypes. Any significant association between dietary intake of carbohydrates and SSBs and risk of IBD and its subtypes was not found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Khademi
- Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Milajerdi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Esmaillzadeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Food Security Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Chiba M, Morita N, Nakamura A, Tsuji K, Harashima E. Increased Incidence of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Association with Dietary Transition (Westernization) in Japan. JMA J 2021; 4:347-357. [PMID: 34796289 PMCID: PMC8580716 DOI: 10.31662/jmaj.2021-0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Inflammatory bowel disease has become a global disease, but its key environmental factors still remain unrecognized. This study aimed to clarify the role of dietary transition (westernization) in the increased incidence of inflammatory bowel disease in Japan. METHODS Annual numbers of new cases of inflammatory bowel disease in Japan over the period from 1965 to 2000 found in a nationwide database compiled by the government and the daily amount of food and nutrient intake per capita for the same period revealed by the National Nutrition Survey have been used to analyze their interrelation. RESULTS Rapid increases in the estimated incidence per 100,000 population have been observed, that is, from 0.08 in 1965 to 4.8 in 2000 for ulcerative colitis and from 0.003 to 1.3 in 2000 for Crohn's disease, with an extremely high correlation between the annual numbers of new cases of the respective diseases (r = 0.970). Intake of both animal fat and animal protein increased, while intake of rice decreased during the period. Of all food groups, the intake of rice as a staple food showed the highest negative correlation coefficient with the numbers of new cases of both ulcerative colitis (r = -0.825, 95% CI: -0.908 to -0.681, p < 0.0001) and Crohn's disease (r = -0.836, 95% CI: -0.914 to -0.700, p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS An increased incidence of inflammatory bowel disease was observed to coincide with dietary westernization in Japan. Our results support the assertion that dietary westernization is a key environmental factor in inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuro Chiba
- Division of Gastroenterology, Akita City Hospital, Akita, Japan
| | - Norikazu Morita
- Division of Gastroenterology, Morita GI Clinic, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Akira Nakamura
- Professor Emeritus, Department of Medical Information Science, Akita University School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Keisuke Tsuji
- Laboratory of Environment for Life and Living, School of Humanities for Environmental Policy and Technology, University of Hyogo, Himeji, Japan
| | - Emiko Harashima
- Nutrition and Life Science, Kanagawa Institute of Technology, Atsugi, Japan
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Borsani B, De Santis R, Perico V, Penagini F, Pendezza E, Dilillo D, Bosetti A, Zuccotti GV, D’Auria E. The Role of Carrageenan in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases and Allergic Reactions: Where Do We Stand? Nutrients 2021; 13:3402. [PMID: 34684400 PMCID: PMC8539934 DOI: 10.3390/nu13103402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Carrageenan (CGN) is a high molecular weight polysaccharide extracted from red seaweeds, composed of D-galactose residues linked in β-1,4 and α-1,3 galactose-galactose bond, widely used as a food additive in processed foods for its properties as a thickener, gelling agent, emulsifier, and stabilizer. In recent years, with the spread of the Western diet (WD), its consumption has increased. Nonetheless, there is a debate on its safety. CGN is extensively used as an inflammatory and adjuvant agent in vitro and in animal experimental models for the investigation of immune processes or to assess the activity of anti-inflammatory drugs. CGN can activate the innate immune pathways of inflammation, alter the gut microbiota composition and the thickness of the mucus barrier. Clinical evidence suggests that CGN is involved in the pathogenesis and clinical management of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), indeed food-exclusion diets can be an effective therapy for disease remission. Moreover, specific IgE to the oligosaccharide α-Gal has been associated with allergic reactions commonly referred to as the "α-Gal syndrome". This review aims to discuss the role of carrageenan in inflammatory bowel diseases and allergic reactions following the current evidence. Furthermore, as no definitive data are available on the safety and the effects of CGN, we suggest gaps to be filled and advise to limit the human exposure to CGN by reducing the consumption of ultra-processed foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Borsani
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children’s Hospital, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy; (R.D.S.); (V.P.); (F.P.); (E.P.); (D.D.); (A.B.); (G.V.Z.); (E.D.)
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Majidova K, Handfield J, Kafi K, Martin RD, Kubinski R. Role of Digital Health and Artificial Intelligence in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Scoping Review. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:1465. [PMID: 34680860 PMCID: PMC8535572 DOI: 10.3390/genes12101465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), subdivided into Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), are chronic diseases that are characterized by relapsing and remitting periods of inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract. In recent years, the amount of research surrounding digital health (DH) and artificial intelligence (AI) has increased. The purpose of this scoping review is to explore this growing field of research to summarize the role of DH and AI in the diagnosis, treatment, monitoring and prognosis of IBD. A review of 21 articles revealed the impact of both AI algorithms and DH technologies; AI algorithms can improve diagnostic accuracy, assess disease activity, and predict treatment response based on data modalities such as endoscopic imaging and genetic data. In terms of DH, patients utilizing DH platforms experienced improvements in quality of life, disease literacy, treatment adherence, and medication management. In addition, DH methods can reduce the need for in-person appointments, decreasing the use of healthcare resources without compromising the standard of care. These articles demonstrate preliminary evidence of the potential of DH and AI for improving the management of IBD. However, the majority of these studies were performed in a regulated clinical environment. Therefore, further validation of these results in a real-world environment is required to assess the efficacy of these methods in the general IBD population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ryszard Kubinski
- Phyla Technologies Inc., Montréal, QC H3C 4J9, Canada; (K.M.); (J.H.); (K.K.); (R.D.M.)
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What Links an Increased Cardiovascular Risk and Inflammatory Bowel Disease? A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13082661. [PMID: 34444821 PMCID: PMC8398182 DOI: 10.3390/nu13082661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Several studies have shown increased rates of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients suffering from inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), particularly in cases of early atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction. IBD most frequently begins at an early age, patients usually present normal weight and remain under constant care of a physician, as well as of a nutritionist. Therefore, the classical risk factors of CVD are not reflected in the higher prevalence of CVD in the IBD population. Still, both groups are characterised by chronic inflammation and display similar physiopathological mechanisms. In the course of IBD, increased concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as C-reactive protein (CRP) and homocysteine, may lead to endothelial dysfunctions and the development of CVD. Furthermore, gut microbiota dysbiosis in patients with IBD also constitutes a risk factor for an increased susceptibility to cardiovascular disease and atherosclerosis. Additionally, diet is an essential factor affecting both positively and negatively the course of the aforementioned diseases, whereas several dietary patterns may also influence the association between IBD and CVD. Thus, it is essential to investigate the factors responsible for the increased cardiovascular (CV) risk in this group of patients. Our paper attempts to review the role of potential inflammatory and nutritional factors, as well as intestinal dysbiosis and pharmacotherapy, in the increased risk of CVD in IBD patients.
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Guz M, Jeleniewicz W, Malm A, Korona-Glowniak I. A Crosstalk between Diet, Microbiome and microRNA in Epigenetic Regulation of Colorectal Cancer. Nutrients 2021; 13:2428. [PMID: 34371938 PMCID: PMC8308570 DOI: 10.3390/nu13072428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A still growing interest between human nutrition in relation to health and disease states can be observed. Dietary components shape the composition of microbiota colonizing our gastrointestinal tract which play a vital role in maintaining human health. There is a strong evidence that diet, gut microbiota and their metabolites significantly influence our epigenome, particularly through the modulation of microRNAs. These group of small non-coding RNAs maintain cellular homeostasis, however any changes leading to impaired expression of miRNAs contribute to the development of different pathologies, including neoplastic diseases. Imbalance of intestinal microbiota due to diet is primary associated with the development of colorectal cancer as well as other types of cancers. In the present work we summarize current knowledge with particular emphasis on diet-microbiota-miRNAs axis and its relation to the development of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Guz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Witold Jeleniewicz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Anna Malm
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (A.M.); (I.K.-G.)
| | - Izabela Korona-Glowniak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (A.M.); (I.K.-G.)
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Guevara M, Salamanca-Fernández E, Miqueleiz E, Gavrila D, Amiano P, Bonet C, Rodríguez-Barranco M, Huerta JM, Bujanda L, Sánchez MJ, Chirlaque MD, Agudo A, Ardanaz E, Castilla J. Inflammatory Potential of the Diet and Incidence of Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis in the EPIC-Spain Cohort. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13072201. [PMID: 34206846 PMCID: PMC8308349 DOI: 10.3390/nu13072201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Diet may influence the development of inflammatory bowel disease through the modulation of inflammation. We investigated whether the inflammatory potential of the diet is associated with the risk of Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) in the Spanish cohort of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC-Spain). The study included 32,633 participants aged 29–69 years. The inflammatory potential of the diet was measured by using an inflammatory score of the diet (ISD) based on a baseline dietary history questionnaire. Cox regression was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). During 21 years (674,547 person-years) of follow-up, 32 and 57 participants developed CD and UC, respectively. In multivariable analysis, a one-standard deviation (SD) increment in the ISD (two-unit increase) was associated with a higher risk of CD (HR of 1.71; 95% CI: 1.05–2.80; p = 0.031). By contrast, ISD was not associated with UC (HR for one-SD increment of 0.89; 95% CI: 0.66–1.19; p = 0.436). Our results suggest that consuming a more pro-inflammatory diet may contribute to the risk of CD, supporting that a healthy diet might be beneficial in its prevention. Further, larger studies are needed to verify these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Guevara
- Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, 31003 Pamplona, Spain; (E.M.); (E.A.); (J.C.)
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (D.G.); (P.A.); (M.R.-B.); (J.M.H.); (M.J.S.); (M.D.C.)
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | | | - Estrella Miqueleiz
- Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, 31003 Pamplona, Spain; (E.M.); (E.A.); (J.C.)
| | - Diana Gavrila
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (D.G.); (P.A.); (M.R.-B.); (J.M.H.); (M.J.S.); (M.D.C.)
- Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, 30008 Murcia, Spain
| | - Pilar Amiano
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (D.G.); (P.A.); (M.R.-B.); (J.M.H.); (M.J.S.); (M.D.C.)
- Sub-Directorate for Public Health and Addictions of Gipuzkoa, Ministry of Health of the Basque Government, 20013 San Sebastian, Spain
- Epidemiology and Public Health Area, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Catalina Bonet
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology—ICO, and Nutrition and Cancer Group, Epidemiology, Public Health, Cancer Prevention and Palliative Care Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute-IDIBELL, 08908 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; (C.B.); (A.A.)
| | - Miguel Rodríguez-Barranco
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (D.G.); (P.A.); (M.R.-B.); (J.M.H.); (M.J.S.); (M.D.C.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), 18012 Granada, Spain;
- Andalusian School of Public Health (EASP), 18011 Granada, Spain
| | - José María Huerta
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (D.G.); (P.A.); (M.R.-B.); (J.M.H.); (M.J.S.); (M.D.C.)
- Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, 30008 Murcia, Spain
| | - Luis Bujanda
- Department of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain;
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 20018 San Sebastian, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Hepatic and Digestive Diseases, CIBEREHD, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - María José Sánchez
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (D.G.); (P.A.); (M.R.-B.); (J.M.H.); (M.J.S.); (M.D.C.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), 18012 Granada, Spain;
- Andalusian School of Public Health (EASP), 18011 Granada, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - María Dolores Chirlaque
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (D.G.); (P.A.); (M.R.-B.); (J.M.H.); (M.J.S.); (M.D.C.)
- Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, 30008 Murcia, Spain
- Departamento de Ciencias Sociosanitarias, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Antonio Agudo
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology—ICO, and Nutrition and Cancer Group, Epidemiology, Public Health, Cancer Prevention and Palliative Care Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute-IDIBELL, 08908 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain; (C.B.); (A.A.)
| | - Eva Ardanaz
- Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, 31003 Pamplona, Spain; (E.M.); (E.A.); (J.C.)
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (D.G.); (P.A.); (M.R.-B.); (J.M.H.); (M.J.S.); (M.D.C.)
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jesús Castilla
- Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, 31003 Pamplona, Spain; (E.M.); (E.A.); (J.C.)
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (D.G.); (P.A.); (M.R.-B.); (J.M.H.); (M.J.S.); (M.D.C.)
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
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50
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de Castro MM, Pascoal LB, Steigleder KM, Siqueira BP, Corona LP, Ayrizono MDLS, Milanski M, Leal RF. Role of diet and nutrition in inflammatory bowel disease. World J Exp Med 2021; 11:1-16. [PMID: 33585174 PMCID: PMC7852575 DOI: 10.5493/wjem.v11.i1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are closely linked to nutrition. The latest research indicates that diet and nutrition are significantly involved in the etiopathogenesis of the disease, although their specific role throughout its clinical course still remains unclear. This study reviewed how diet and nutrition are associated with IBD development and management. Even though specific diets have been shown to bring about positive outcomes, there is currently no scientific consensus regarding an appropriate diet that would benefit all IBD patients. We suggest that individualized dietary recommendations are of the greatest importance and that diets should be planned to provide individual IBD patients with specific nutrient requirements while keeping all the clinical aspects of the patients in mind. Further research is clearly necessary to investigate nutritional factors involved in IBD development and, especially, to evaluate the applications of the diets during the course of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Moreira de Castro
- IBD Research Laboratory, Colorectal Surgery Unit, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-878, São Paulo, Brazil
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-878, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lívia Bitencourt Pascoal
- IBD Research Laboratory, Colorectal Surgery Unit, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-878, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Karine Mariane Steigleder
- IBD Research Laboratory, Colorectal Surgery Unit, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-878, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Piatezzi Siqueira
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira 13484-350, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ligiana Pires Corona
- Laboratory of Nutritional Epidemiology, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira 13484-350, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria de Lourdes Setsuko Ayrizono
- IBD Research Laboratory, Colorectal Surgery Unit, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-878, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marciane Milanski
- IBD Research Laboratory, Colorectal Surgery Unit, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-878, São Paulo, Brazil
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-878, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Raquel Franco Leal
- IBD Research Laboratory, Colorectal Surgery Unit, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-878, São Paulo, Brazil
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