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Moghimi E, Stephenson C, Agarwal A, Nikjoo N, Malakouti N, Layzell G, O'Riordan A, Jagayat J, Shirazi A, Gutierrez G, Khan F, Patel C, Yang M, Omrani M, Alavi N. Efficacy of an Electronic Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Program Delivered via the Online Psychotherapy Tool for Depression and Anxiety Related to the COVID-19 Pandemic: Pre-Post Pilot Study. JMIR Ment Health 2023; 10:e51102. [PMID: 37993984 PMCID: PMC10760511 DOI: 10.2196/51102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lockdowns and social distancing resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic have worsened the population's mental health and made it more difficult for individuals to receive care. Electronic cognitive behavioral therapy (e-CBT) is a cost-effective and evidence-based treatment for anxiety and depression and can be accessed remotely. OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to investigate the efficacy of online psychotherapy tailored to depression and anxiety symptoms during the pandemic. METHODS The pilot study used a pre-post design to evaluate the efficacy of a 9-week e-CBT program designed for individuals with depression and anxiety affected by the pandemic. Participants were adults (N=59) diagnosed with major depressive disorder and generalized anxiety disorder, whose mental health symptoms initiated or worsened during the COVID-19 pandemic. The online psychotherapy program focused on teaching coping, mindfulness, and problem-solving skills. Symptoms of anxiety and depression, resilience, and quality of life were assessed. RESULTS Participants demonstrated significant improvements in symptoms of anxiety (P=.02) and depression (P=.03) after the intervention. Similar trends were observed in the intention-to-treat analysis. No significant differences were observed in resilience and quality-of-life measures. The sample comprised mostly females, making it challenging to discern the benefits of the intervention in males. Although a pre-post design is less rigorous than a controlled trial, this design was selected to observe changes in scores during a critical period. CONCLUSIONS e-CBT for COVID-19 is an effective and accessible treatment option. Improvements in clinical symptoms of anxiety and depression can be observed in individuals whose mental health is affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04476667; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04476667. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) RR2-10.2196/24913.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elnaz Moghimi
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Callum Stephenson
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Anika Agarwal
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Niloofar Nikjoo
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Niloufar Malakouti
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
- School of Rehabilitation Therapy, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Gina Layzell
- Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Anne O'Riordan
- Patient and Family Centered Care, Kingston Health Sciences Centre, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Jasleen Jagayat
- Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | | | - Gilmar Gutierrez
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Ferwa Khan
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Charmy Patel
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Megan Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Mohsen Omrani
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
- OPTT Inc, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nazanin Alavi
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
- Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
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Prado ADS, Kohls E, Baldofski S, Rummel-Kluge C, Freitas JDL. Acceptability and Feasibility of Online Support Groups for Mental Health Promotion in Brazilian Graduate Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Longitudinal Observational Study. JMIR Form Res 2023; 7:e44887. [PMID: 37831483 PMCID: PMC10612004 DOI: 10.2196/44887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 aggravated already existing difficulties and added new challenges for students. Owing to the gap between needed and available psychological services, group interventions may offer a helpful strategy for student mental health promotion. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the acceptability and feasibility of a 4-week online support group program designed for mental health promotion tailored to graduate students at a Brazilian public university in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic (May 2022 to June 2022). METHODS Participants in the program took part in online support groups based on a pilot group facilitated by a trained clinical psychologist. Self-administered, standardized web-based questionnaires were assessed at the baseline (T0; before the intervention), postintervention (T2), and follow-up (T3; after 4-6 weeks) time points. We measured sociodemographic variables, treatment credibility and expectancy (Credibility and Expectancy Questionnaire), satisfaction (Client Satisfaction Questionnaire), negative effects of the intervention (Negative Effects Questionnaire), depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire-9 [PHQ-9]), and participants' quality of life (abbreviated World Health Organization Quality of Life assessment). A 9-answer option questionnaire and open-ended questions also assessed the group's perceived positive and negative outcomes. RESULTS The total sample comprised 32 participants. Most (23/32, 72%) were doctoral students. Credibility and expectancy scores were high. Participants' satisfaction (Client Satisfaction Questionnaire) with the program was high at the postintervention (T2) and follow-up (T3) evaluations (T2: mean 28.66, SD 3.02; T3: mean 27.91, SD 3.02). Most participants reported that they could learn from other participants' experiences (T2: 29/32, 91%; T3: 27/32, 84%) and felt encouraged to take better care of themselves (T2: 22/32, 69%; T3: 24/32, 75%). None of the participants reported that they had no benefits from the program. The PHQ-9 scores showed mild to moderate depressive symptoms (mean 9.59, SD 6.34), whereas the answers of 9% (3/32) of the participants to the PHQ-9 item 9 indicated suicidality at baseline (T0). Finally, the 4 domains of quality of life (physical: P=.01; psychological: P=.004; social: P=.02; and environmental: P<.001) showed a slight and statistically significant improvement at the postintervention evaluation (T0: mean 57.03, SD 15.39 to 59.64, SD 17.21; T2: mean 64.32, SD 11.97 to 68.75, SD 8.87). CONCLUSIONS Online support groups for the mental health promotion of graduate students are feasible and can be especially useful for universities with students allocated to different cities. They are also satisfactory and may positively influence participants' quality of life. Therefore, they can be considered a helpful mental health promotion strategy in the educational context. Further studies could evaluate these (or similar) programs under nonpandemic circumstances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneliana da Silva Prado
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Psychology, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil
- Campus Curitiba, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Elisabeth Kohls
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sabrina Baldofski
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christine Rummel-Kluge
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
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Ching BCF, Badaoui A, Abou Seif N, Al Hallal R, Bundies GL, Campbell A, Rafie A, Song-Chase A, Hahn JS, Billings J. 'The phoenix that always rises from the ashes': an exploratory qualitative study of the experiences of an initiative informed by principles of psychological first aid following the Beirut blast. Eur J Psychotraumatol 2023; 14:2263146. [PMID: 37796664 PMCID: PMC10557531 DOI: 10.1080/20008066.2023.2263146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: On 4 August 2020, an explosion occurred in Beirut, Lebanon. Hundreds of people were killed, thousands injured and displaced. An initiative was rapidly initiated to provide remote support informed by psychological first aid for the mental health of Lebanese young adults affected by the blast. However, little is known about recipients' experiences of such initiatives.Objective: This study aimed to qualitatively explore the experiences of supporters and recipients in the community-led initiative following the blast.Method: We recruited a diverse sample of four supporters and four Lebanese recipients who took part in the Beirut initiative. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with participants. Reflexive thematic analysis was used to analyse the qualitative data.Results: We developed five themes from the qualitative interviews, which highlighted ideas around accessibility, alienation, the relationship, elements of the safe space created by the initiative, and unmet needs and areas for improvement. Recipients described the detrimental impact of the blast on their mental health within the Lebanese context and beyond. Recipients and supporters elucidated complex experiences of the support and its impact.Conclusions: Our findings suggest remote support has the potential to be acceptable for young adults in Lebanon. Further research into support informed by psychological first aid after similar crisis events is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Chi Fung Ching
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
- Beirut Initiative, London, UK
| | - Alexandra Badaoui
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
- Beirut Initiative, London, UK
| | - Nada Abou Seif
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
- Beirut Initiative, London, UK
| | | | - Gabriel Luiz Bundies
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
- Beirut Initiative, London, UK
| | - Amy Campbell
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
- Beirut Initiative, London, UK
| | | | - Angela Song-Chase
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
- Beirut Initiative, London, UK
| | - Jane Sungmin Hahn
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
- Beirut Initiative, London, UK
| | - Jo Billings
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
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Dolbier CL, Vanacore SM, Conder L, Guiler W. A mixed-methods investigation of COVID-19 pandemic-specific stress in college students. J Am Coll Health 2023:1-13. [PMID: 37722868 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2023.2253929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify pandemic-specific stressors among college students and compare patterns of stressors in samples obtained during early and chronic phases of the pandemic. METHOD Different undergraduate student samples from a Southeastern university completed an online survey in Spring 2020 (early pandemic; N = 673) and Fall 2020 (chronic pandemic; N = 439). This repeated cross-sectional survey study used a mixed methods triangulation design to validate and expand on quantitative findings using qualitative data. RESULTS Quantitative and qualitative analyses revealed 13 pandemic stressor domains, with academics and lifestyle adjustment among the most stressful in both samples, and more stressful in the chronic pandemic sample. Non-freshmen, female, and first-generation college students were at greater risk for pandemic stress. CONCLUSIONS As college students continue to experience stressors related to COVID-19 and encounter future crises, colleges and universities must adapt to meet their unique needs specific to the context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christyn L Dolbier
- Department of Psychology, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
| | - Sarah M Vanacore
- Department of Psychology, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
| | - Lauren Conder
- Department of Psychology, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
| | - William Guiler
- Department of Psychology, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
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Abstract
COVID-19 has presented society with a public health threat greater than any in living memory, leaving us to question almost every aspect of our society. An ever increasing concern is how we protect the global population from mental illness and whether public mental health policies can achieve this. In this article I reflect on the history of mental health service development, and furthermore on how COVID-19 might impact on the delivery of public mental health strategies into the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- John R. Ashton
- Lead Consultant in the COVID Test, Trace and Protect Hub, Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board, North Wales, UK
- Visiting Professor, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- Visiting Professor, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
- Visiting Professor, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
- Consultant adviser to the Crown Prince of Bahrain COVID-19 Task Force, Court of the Crown Prince, P.O. Box 29091 - Kingdom of Bahrain, Riffa, Kingdom of Bahrain
- Address for correspondence: John R. Ashton, 8 Church Road, Much Woolton, Liverpool L255JF, UK ()
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Tian Z, Qu W, Zhao Y, Zhu X, Wang Z, Tan Y, Jiang R, Tan S. Predicting depression and anxiety of Chinese population during COVID-19 in psychological evaluation data by XGBoost. J Affect Disord 2023; 323:417-425. [PMID: 36462608 PMCID: PMC9710109 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.11.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to the onset of sudden stress, COVID-19 has greatly impacted the incidence of depression and anxiety. However, challenges still exist in identifying high-risk groups for depression and anxiety during COVID-19. Studies have identified how resilience and social support can be employed as effective predictors of depression and anxiety. This study aims to select the best combination of variables from measures of resilience, social support, and alexithymia for predicting depression and anxiety. METHODS The eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost1) model was applied to a dataset including data on 29,841 participants that was collected during the COVID-19 pandemic. Discriminant analyses on groups of participants with depression (DE2), anxiety (AN3), comorbid depression and anxiety (DA4), and healthy controls (HC5), were performed. All variables were selected according to their importance for classification. Further, analyses were performed with selected features to determine the best variable combination. RESULTS The mean accuracies achieved by three classification tasks, DE vs HC, AN vs HC, and DA vs HC, were 0.78, 0.77, and 0.89. Further, the combination of 19 selected features almost exhibited the same performance as all 56 variables (accuracies = 0.75, 0.75, and 0.86). CONCLUSIONS Resilience, social support, and some demographic data can accurately distinguish DE, AN, and DA from HC. The results can be used to inform screening practices for depression and anxiety. Additionally, the model performance of a limited scale including only 19 features indicates that using a simplified scale is feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanxiao Tian
- Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Beijing 100096, China
| | - Wei Qu
- Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Beijing 100096, China
| | - Yanli Zhao
- Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Beijing 100096, China
| | - Xiaolin Zhu
- Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Beijing 100096, China
| | - Zhiren Wang
- Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Beijing 100096, China
| | - Yunlong Tan
- Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Beijing 100096, China
| | - Ronghuan Jiang
- The First Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, No.100 West Fourth Ring Road, Fengtai District, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Shuping Tan
- Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Beijing 100096, China.
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Rodino IS, Goedeke S, Oxlad M, Nowoweiski SJ. Physical and psychological wellbeing among Australian and New Zealand patients seeking fertility treatment during COVID-19. Australian Psychologist 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/00050067.2023.2172996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Iolanda S. Rodino
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Sonja Goedeke
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Melissa Oxlad
- School of Psychology, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Sarah J. Nowoweiski
- Counselling Services Manager, Newlife IVF Suite 3, Box Hill North, Australia
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D'Antoine E, Jansz J, Barifcani A, Shaw-Mills S, Harris M, Lagat C. COVID-19 and offshore oil and gas workers: The role of personality. Soc Sci Humanit Open 2023; 7:100402. [PMID: 36685778 PMCID: PMC9842625 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssaho.2023.100402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
This qualitative study aimed to identify mental health hazards in the offshore oil and gas industry, as well as the role of the personality types of the Five Factor Model (FFM) in coping with these stressors. A focus group with 8 participants and a pilot study with 5 participants were conducted. Results showed that several stressors are currently present for Australian offshore oil and gas employees, in particular COVID-19 and the resulting negative effects on rosters, working hours, job security and time spent away from home. Other stressors revealed by participants were lack of space, working in a high-risk environment, stigma, helicopter travel and pressure to keep up with production. Poor safety behaviours were associated with neuroticism, extraversion and openness, while risk avoidance appear to be associated with agreeableness and conscientiousness. Tolerance to shift work was positively related to extraversion, yet negatively associated to neuroticism. Furthermore, neuroticism showed a negative association with help-seeking and productivity, as well as higher levels of concern relating to COVID-19 and job uncertainty. As personality traits are enduring throughout life, it is vital that employees are managed effectively through workplace interventions so that they are able to cope effectively, particularly during stressful events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma D'Antoine
- WA School of Mines: Minerals, Energy and Chemical Engineering, Curtin University, Bentley, W.A., 6102, Australia
| | - Janis Jansz
- WA School of Mines: Minerals, Energy and Chemical Engineering, Curtin University, Bentley, W.A., 6102, Australia
- Healthforce Group, PO Box 2061, High Wycombe, W.A., 6067, Australia
- Xi'an University of Science & Technology, 58 Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Ahmed Barifcani
- WA School of Mines: Minerals, Energy and Chemical Engineering, Curtin University, Bentley, W.A., 6102, Australia
| | - Sherrilyn Shaw-Mills
- WA School of Mines: Minerals, Energy and Chemical Engineering, Curtin University, Bentley, W.A., 6102, Australia
- Healthforce Group, PO Box 2061, High Wycombe, W.A., 6067, Australia
| | - Mark Harris
- School of Economics, Finance and Property, Curtin University, Bentley, W.A., 6102, Australia
| | - Christopher Lagat
- WA School of Mines: Minerals, Energy and Chemical Engineering, Curtin University, Bentley, W.A., 6102, Australia
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Zhao YJ, Zhang SF, Li W, Zhang L, Guo T, Cheung T, Jackson T, Yang BX, Xiang YT. Associations between depressive symptoms and quality of life among residents of Wuhan, China during the later stage of the COVID-19 pandemic: A network analysis. J Affect Disord 2022; 318:456-64. [PMID: 36058363 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.08.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Various populations have experienced significant increases in depression and decreased quality of life (QOL) during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This network analysis study was designed to elucidate interconnections between particular depressive symptoms and different aspects of QOL and identify the most clinically important symptoms in this network among adults in Wuhan China, the initial epicenter of the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS This cross-sectional, convenience-sampling study (N = 2459) was conducted between May 25 to June 18, 2020, after the lockdown policy had been lifted in Wuhan. Depressive symptoms and QOL were measured with the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and first two items of the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire - brief version (WHOQOL-BREF), respectively. A network structure was constructed from the extended Bayesian Information Criterion (EBIC) model. Network centrality strength and bridge strength were evaluated along with the stability of the derived network model. RESULTS Loss of energy (DEP-4) and Guilt feelings (DEP-6) were the two central symptoms with the highest strength as well as the two most prominent bridge symptoms connecting the clusters of depression and quality of life (QOL) in tandem with the two nodes from the QOL cluster. Network structure and bridge strengths remained stable after randomly dropping 75 % of the sample. CONCLUSION Interventions targeting "Loss of energy" and "Guilt feelings" should be evaluated as strategies for reducing depressive symptoms and promoting improved QOL in COVID-19-affected populations.
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Zemel R. A COVID-19 Call to Action: Psychological First Aid Training for Medical Professionals and Trainees. Acad Psychiatry 2022; 46:769-773. [PMID: 35585429 DOI: 10.1007/s40596-022-01645-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Zemel
- MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, Georgetown University, Washington, D.C., USA.
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Abdelmissih S. A Bitter Experience That Enlightens the Future: COVID-19 Neurological Affection and Perspectives on the Orexigenic System. Cureus 2022; 14:e30788. [DOI: 10.7759/cureus.30788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Grubin F, Maudrie TL, Neuner S, Conrad M, Waugh E, Barlow A, Coser A, Hill K, Pioche S, Haroz EE, O'Keefe VM. Development and Cultural Adaptation of Psychological First Aid for COVID-19 Frontline Workers in American Indian/Alaska Native Communities. J Prev (2022) 2022; 43:697-717. [PMID: 35841432 PMCID: PMC9288204 DOI: 10.1007/s10935-022-00695-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic is broadly affecting the mental health and well-being of people around the world, and disproportionately affecting some groups with already pre-existing health inequities. Two groups at greater risk of physical and/or mental health detriments from COVID-19 and more profoundly impacted by the pandemic include frontline workers and American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) communities. To provide support and prevent long-term mental health problems, we culturally adapted a psychological first aid guide specifically for COVID-19 frontline workers serving AI/AN communities. We engaged a diverse, collaborative work group to steer the adaptation content and process. We also held two focus group discussions with frontline workers in AI/AN communities to incorporate their perspectives into the adapted guide. Results from the group discussions and the collaborative work group were compiled, analyzed to extract themes and suggestions, and integrated into the adapted content of the guide. Main adaptations included updating language (i.e., to be more culturally appropriate, less prescriptive, and less text heavy), framing the guide from a harm-reduction lens, incorporating cultural activities, values, and teachings common across diverse AI/AN communities (e.g., importance of being a good relative), and validating feelings and experiences of frontline workers. The resulting adapted guide includes four modules and is available as a free online training. Our adaptation process may serve as a guiding framework for future adaptations of similar resources for specific groups. The adapted guide may stand as an enduring resource to support mental well-being, the prevention of mental health problems, and reduction of health inequities during the pandemic and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Grubin
- Department of International Health, Social and Behavioral Interventions, Center for American Indian Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 415 N. Washington St. 4th Floor, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA.
| | - Tara L Maudrie
- Department of International Health, Social and Behavioral Interventions, Center for American Indian Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 415 N. Washington St. 4th Floor, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Sophie Neuner
- Department of International Health, Social and Behavioral Interventions, Center for American Indian Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 415 N. Washington St. 4th Floor, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Maisie Conrad
- Department of International Health, Social and Behavioral Interventions, Center for American Indian Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 415 N. Washington St. 4th Floor, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Emma Waugh
- Department of International Health, Social and Behavioral Interventions, Center for American Indian Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 415 N. Washington St. 4th Floor, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Allison Barlow
- Department of International Health, Social and Behavioral Interventions, Center for American Indian Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 415 N. Washington St. 4th Floor, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | | | - Kyle Hill
- Department of Indigenous Health, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, USA
| | - Shardai Pioche
- Department of International Health, Social and Behavioral Interventions, Center for American Indian Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 415 N. Washington St. 4th Floor, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Emily E Haroz
- Department of International Health, Social and Behavioral Interventions, Center for American Indian Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 415 N. Washington St. 4th Floor, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
| | - Victoria M O'Keefe
- Department of International Health, Social and Behavioral Interventions, Center for American Indian Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 415 N. Washington St. 4th Floor, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA
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Liu H, Yu Z, Ye B, Yang Q. Grit and Life Satisfaction Among College Students During the Recurrent Outbreak of COVID-19 in China: The Mediating Role of Depression and the Moderating Role of Stressful Life Events. Front Public Health 2022; 10:895510. [PMID: 35692342 PMCID: PMC9175177 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.895510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The global recurrent outbreak of COVID-19 has brought immense psychological distress to those affected. We conducted this study to explore the relationship among grit, stressful life events, depression, and life satisfaction in college students during the recurrent outbreak of COVID-19. According to the properties of the bias-corrected bootstrap method, we surveyed 888 college students, with an average age of 20.84 (SD = 1.57) years. Participants completed questionnaires regarding grit, depression, stressful life events, and life satisfaction. The results showed that 1) grit was correlated with life satisfaction (r = 0.426, p < 0.001); 2) depression mediated the relationship between grit and life satisfaction [indirect effect = 0.0292, SE = 0.009, 95% CIboot = (0.135, 0.500)]; 3) The relationship between grit and depression was moderated by stressful life events (β = 0.107, SE = 0.028, p < 0.001, 95% CI [0.053, 0.161]). The association between grit and depression became weaker for college students with high stressful life events. The results indicated that concerned about depression and stressful life events may be the main targets for improving life satisfaction among college students during the recurrent outbreak of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haidong Liu
- School of Psychology, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhijun Yu
- School of Psychology, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Baojuan Ye
- School of Psychology, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qiang Yang
- School of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
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14
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Abstract
This study aimed to contribute to the development of a research case definition for post-acute sequelae of SARS CoV-2 infection (PASC) using a PASC data set and experiences from case definitions developed for myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS). Our database included patients with PASC who provided self-report symptomology during the onset of infection and the time of survey completion (post-infection). We found that we could distinguish between those with mild, moderate, and severe PASC. Regarding the proportion meeting an ME/CFS case definition, we found 0% in the mildly impaired group, 30.6% to 62.6% in the moderately impaired group, and 74.3% to 89.0% in the severely impaired group. Based on these preliminary data, we propose a 5-part classification system for PASC. Axis 1 involves the variant of the COVID infection and the type of documentation of the infection. Axis 2 involves the time elapsed since infection. Axis 3 involves the type of medical collateral damage to different organs. Axis 4 involves functional impairment classified into three categories: mild, moderate, or severe. Finally, Axis 5 is the identified symptoms. Finally, if the patient has been sick for 6 or more months, it is important to determine whether the person has met the ME/CFS criteria. This proposed 5-part classification system for PASC might bring considerable clarity to diagnosing PASC.
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15
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Abstract
During the COVID-19, the relationships among family members and the stress that accompanied have increasingly affected families. The first aim of this study is to test the effects of marital adjustment, perceived stress and parental self-efficacy of married couples on family resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic. The second aim of this study is to investigate whether or not family resilience, perceived stress, parental self-efficacy and marital adjustment differentiate depending on demographic and other variables in the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants consisted of 241 married individuals with at least one child between 4 and 18 years old, and data were collected online. It was found that when perceived stress increased, parental self-efficacy and marital adjustment decreased; besides, this perceived stress indirectly influenced family resilience through parental self-efficacy and marital adjustment. Similarly, it was found that pregnant participants experienced higher level of perception of stress during the COVID-19 period. It was found that the family resilience of participants who got support within the family was higher than participants who got support from outside the family. However, no differences were found between males and females. In stressful processes like the COVID-19 pandemic, each sub-system of the family (individual, couple and parent) has a significant role in the resilience level of the family as a whole. Future studies focus on experimental and can focus on programs prepared for family resilience. Intervention programs can be prepared related to stress perception, parental skills and marital adjustment of married couples and their influence on family resilience can be searched.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hudayar Cihan
- Department of Psychology, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Esra Calik Var
- Department of Social Work, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey
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16
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Ramalho SM, Trovisqueira A, de Lourdes M, Gonçalves S, Ribeiro I, Vaz AR, Machado PPP, Conceição E. The impact of COVID-19 lockdown on disordered eating behaviors: the mediation role of psychological distress. Eat Weight Disord 2022; 27:179-188. [PMID: 33713336 PMCID: PMC7955211 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-021-01128-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to explore the early associations between the experienced psychosocial impact of the COVID-19 pandemic crisis during lockdown, depressive symptomatology, anxiety/stress levels, and disordered eating behaviors in adults during a first COVID-19 lockdown period. METHODS This was a community-based cross-sectional study assessing 254 Portuguese adults (82.7% women; 35.82 ± 11.82 years) 1 week after the end of the first mandatory COVID-19 lockdown in Portugal. An online survey was conducted to evaluate psychological distress, disordered eating, and psychosocial impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Pearson correlations and Structural Equation Modeling were performed. RESULTS Participants reported the presence of meal skipping (52.8%), grazing eating behavior (80.9%), overeating (81.0%), loss of control over eating (47.2%), and binge eating episodes (39.2%) during lockdown. Structural equation modeling analyses, controlling for age and sex, indicated that there was a significant indirect effect of the experienced psychosocial impact of COVID-19 pandemic on disordered eating behaviors mediated through psychological distress. CONCLUSION The psychosocial impact of the COVID-19 pandemic crisis may lead to disordered eating, and this relation may occur through the elevation of psychological distress. These findings can be used to inform interventions, to enhance mental health and manage disordered eating during similar future situations. Level of evidence V: cross-sectional descriptive study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia M Ramalho
- Psychotherapy and Psychopathology Research Unit, Psychology Research Centre, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.
| | - Ana Trovisqueira
- Psychotherapy and Psychopathology Research Unit, Psychology Research Centre, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Marta de Lourdes
- Psychotherapy and Psychopathology Research Unit, Psychology Research Centre, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Sónia Gonçalves
- Psychotherapy and Psychopathology Research Unit, Psychology Research Centre, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Inês Ribeiro
- Psychotherapy and Psychopathology Research Unit, Psychology Research Centre, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Ana R Vaz
- Psychotherapy and Psychopathology Research Unit, Psychology Research Centre, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Paulo P P Machado
- Psychotherapy and Psychopathology Research Unit, Psychology Research Centre, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Eva Conceição
- Psychotherapy and Psychopathology Research Unit, Psychology Research Centre, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
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Lindenberg K, Kindt S, Szász-Janocha C. Effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy-Based Intervention in Preventing Gaming Disorder and Unspecified Internet Use Disorder in Adolescents: A Cluster Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Netw Open 2022; 5:e2148995. [PMID: 35179587 PMCID: PMC8857686 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.48995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Behavioral addictions were introduced as novel mental disorders in the International Classification of Diseases, 11th Revision, based on evidence that human behavior itself can become addictive, similar to addiction to substances. However, previous studies on prevention of gaming disorder and unspecified internet use disorder lacked randomization, follow-up measurements, and diagnostic interviews that assessed incidence rates; this trial was intended to fill this gap. OBJECTIVES To investigate whether the PROTECT (Professioneller Umgang mit technischen Medien [Professional Use of Technical Media]) intervention can reduce the symptom severity and prevent full syndrome and subthreshold onset of gaming disorder and unspecified internet use disorder in at-risk adolescents. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS A multicenter cluster randomized clinical trial conducted recruitment, screening, intervention delivery, and data collection among at-risk adolescents aged 12 to 18 years in 33 high schools in Germany. Inclusion criteria for the study and symptom severity analyses were elevated symptoms of gaming disorder and unspecified internet use disorder. A subsample that met the inclusion criteria for incidence analyses (no full syndrome of gaming disorder or unspecified internet use disorder, depression, or anxiety at baseline) was analyzed for illness onset. Participants were randomized to either the PROTECT intervention group or the assessment-only control group. Participants were assessed at baseline, 1-month follow-up, 4-month follow-up, and 12-month follow-up between October 1, 2015, and September 30, 2018. Based on intent-to-treat principle, data analyses were conducted from February 8, 2019, to May 7, 2021. INTERVENTIONS PROTECT, a theory-driven, manualized, cognitive behavioral therapy-based indicated preventive group intervention that is delivered in 4 sessions by trained psychologists. It targets changes in addictive reward processing and pathological cognitive mechanisms. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary outcome was symptom severity (measured by CSAS [Computerspielabhängigkeitsskala], a modified German video game dependency scale with a score range of 0-56 [higher scores indicating greater pathology]) along with incidence rates (assessed by a structured clinical interview) after 12 months. Secondary outcomes were comorbid psychopathology and problem behaviors. RESULTS A total of 422 at-risk adolescents (mean [SD] age, 15.11 [2.01] years; 229 female participants [54.3%]) were randomized to either the PROTECT intervention group (n = 167; mean [SD] risk score, 29.05 [6.98]) or the assessment-only control group (n = 255; mean [SD] risk score, 26.21 [5.01]) and were included in the symptom severity analyses. Compared with the control group, the PROTECT group showed a significantly greater reduction in symptom severity of gaming disorder or unspecified internet use disorder (γ11 = -0.128; 95% CI, -0.246 to -0.011; P = .03), reflecting a 39.8% vs 27.7% reduction of symptoms with an effect size of Cohen d = 0.67 (baseline vs 12-month follow-up) for the PROTECT group. Differences in incidence rates did not reach statistical significance. The PROTECT group showed a significantly greater decrease in procrastination (γ11 = -0.458; 95% CI, -0.735 to -0.180; P < .001) over 12 months, but no significant differences were found for other secondary outcomes. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Results of this trial showed that the PROTECT intervention effectively reduced symptoms of gaming disorder and unspecified internet use disorder over 12 months. The intervention did not change incidence rates of gaming disorder or unspecified internet use disorder. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02907658.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katajun Lindenberg
- Institute for Psychology, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Sophie Kindt
- Institute for Psychology, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Carolin Szász-Janocha
- Institute for Psychology, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
- Institute for Psychology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
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18
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Dai XJ, Shao Y, Ren L, Tao W, Wang Y. Risk factors of COVID-19 in subjects with and without mental disorders. J Affect Disord 2022; 297:102-111. [PMID: 34687782 PMCID: PMC8526429 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Subjects with mental disorders are at a higher risk of various pandemic, but no specific studies concerning on screening and comparing the risk factors of COVID-19 for subjects with and without mental disorders, and the role of different classes of mental disorders with respect to the COVID-19. METHODS This study comprised 42,264 subjects with mental disorders and 431,694 subjects without. Logistic regression was used to evaluate the associations of exposure factors with COVID-19 risk. Interaction terms were employed to explore the potential interaction effect between mental disorders and each exposure factor on COVID-19 risk. RESULTS Mental disorders increased 1.45-fold risk of COVID-19 compared with non-mental disorders. There were significant interaction effects between mental disorders and age, sex, ethnicity, health ratings, socioeconomic adversity, lifestyle habits or comorbidities on COVID-19 risk. Subjects with and without mental disorders shared some overlapping risk factors of COVID-19, including the non-white ethnicity, socioeconomic adversity and comorbidities. Subjects without mental disorders carry some specific risk and protective factors. Among subjects with mental disorders, the COVID-19 risk was higher in subjects with a diagnosis of organic/symptomatic mental disorders, mood disorders, and neurotic, stress-related and somatoform disorders than that of their counterparts. Age, amount of alcohol consumption, BMI and Townsend deprivation showed non-linear increase with COVID-19 risk. LIMITATIONS Absence of replication. CONCLUSIONS Subjects with mental disorders are vulnerable populations to whom more attention should be paid. Public health guidance should focus on reducing the COVID-19 risk by advocating healthy lifestyle habits and preferential policies in populations with comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-jian Dai
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518020, China,Shenzhen Mental Health Center, Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, 1080#, Cuizhu Rd, Luohu District, Shenzhen 518003, China,Corresponding author at: Shenzhen Mental Health Center, Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, 1080#, Cuizhu Rd, Luohu District, Shenzhen 518003, China
| | - Yuan Shao
- Shenzhen Mental Health Center, Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, 1080#, Cuizhu Rd, Luohu District, Shenzhen 518003, China
| | - Lina Ren
- Shenzhen Mental Health Center, Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, 1080#, Cuizhu Rd, Luohu District, Shenzhen 518003, China
| | - Weiqun Tao
- Shenzhen Mental Health Center, Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, 1080#, Cuizhu Rd, Luohu District, Shenzhen 518003, China
| | - Yongjun Wang
- Shenzhen Mental Health Center, Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, 1080#, Cuizhu Rd, Luohu District, Shenzhen 518003, China.
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Staite E, Howey L, Anderson C. How well do children in the North East of England function after a mental health crisis during the COVID-19 pandemic: A service evaluation. Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry 2022; 27:278-290. [PMID: 34362261 PMCID: PMC8811317 DOI: 10.1177/13591045211037268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has affected millions of people, and some researchers postulate that a mental health crisis will follow. The immediate effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on children's mental health are now starting to be published, and results appear to be mixed. There is no research, to the authors' knowledge, that empirically examines the functioning of young people following intervention from Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS) Crisis Teams in the UK during the COVID-19 pandemic. This service evaluation aims to do this using data from an NHS trust that supports 1.4 million people in the North East of England. We compared functioning, as measured by the Outcome Rating Scale (ORS), before and after treatment for young people discharged from the CAMHS Crisis Team between December 2019 and December 2020. ORS scores were significantly higher at the end of treatment (t(420) = -57.36, p < 0.001) with a large effect size (d = -1.56). Fifty eight percent of patients exhibited significant and reliable change (i.e. functioning improved to a 'healthy' level). No patients significantly deteriorated in functioning after accessing the crisis service.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Staite
- School of Social Sciences, Humanities & Law, 5462Teesside University, Middlesbrough, UK
| | - Lynne Howey
- 3059Tees Esk and Wear Valleys NHS Foundation Trust, Durham, UK
| | - Clare Anderson
- 3059Tees Esk and Wear Valleys NHS Foundation Trust, Durham, UK
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20
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Santa-Cruz J, Moran L, Tovar M, Peinado J, Cutipe Y, Ramos L, Astupillo A, Rosler M, Raviola G, Lecca L, Smith SL, Contreras C. Mobilizing digital technology to implement a population-based psychological support response during the COVID-19 pandemic in Lima, Peru. Glob Ment Health (Camb) 2022; 9:355-65. [PMID: 36618717 DOI: 10.1017/gmh.2022.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic caused considerable burden on mental health worldwide. To address this emergency in Peru, Socios en Salud (SES) implemented an innovative digital system for the diagnosis and psychological therapy in vulnerable populations. We describe the development, implementation, and participant outcomes of this intervention. METHODS We conducted an intervention in a general population of Lima, Peru using a digital tool, ChatBot-Juntos, incorporating the abbreviated Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ) to screen psychological distress. Participants positive for psychological distress received remote Psychological First Aid (PFA) and grief therapy if needed. Participants with a mental health condition or safety concern were referred to mental health services. SRQ scores were collected 3 months after PFA sessions. Differences between screening and follow-up scores were compared using Wilcoxon sign-rank test. RESULTS In total, 2027 people were screened; 1581 (77.9%) screened positive for psychological distress. Nine hundred ninety-seven (63%) people with psychological distress received PFA, and 320 (32.1%) of those were also referred for mental health care. At 3 months after follow-up, SRQ scores were collected for 579 (58%) participants. Significant reduction in SRQ scores was observed 3 months after PFA [median SRQ score changed from 9 to 5 (p < 0.001)], and after PFA plus referral to mental health services [median SRQ score changed from 11 to 6 (p < 0.001)]. CONCLUSION Digital technology can be used to screen for psychological distress and deliver mental health support for populations affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. More research is needed to determine whether technology contributes to improved mental health outcomes.
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Pombeiro I, Moura J, Pereira MG, Carvalho E. Stress-Reducing Psychological Interventions as Adjuvant Therapies for Diabetic Chronic Wounds. Curr Diabetes Rev 2022; 18:e060821195361. [PMID: 34365927 DOI: 10.2174/1573399817666210806112813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are a major complication of diabetes mellitus and a leading cause of lower limb amputation. Interventions to reduce psychological stress may have the potential to improve self-care and greatly reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with DFU. This review is focused on the consequences of psychological stress in wound healing and reflects on the effects of currently used psychological stress-reducing interventions in patients with DFU, proposing new applications for currently used stress-reduction interventions. RESULTS Stress is a natural and fundamental survival mechanism that becomes harmful when chronic. DFU is associated with high levels of anxiety and chronic psychological stress. Chronic stressinduced cortisol and adrenaline release impair wound healing, independently of the stressor. Psychological stress-reducing interventions, such as relaxation with guided imagery, biofeedback-assisted relaxation, mindfulness-based strategies, and hypnosis, can lead to a reduction in perceived stress and improve wound healing by reducing wound inflammation and pain while improving glycemic control. All stress reduction interventions also lead to pain relief and improved patient's quality of life. CONCLUSION Psychological stress-reducing interventions are promising adjuvant therapies for DFU. Their clinical application can improve self-care by tackling patient's expectations, anxieties, and fears. They can also help patients manage stress and pain while reducing wound inflammation and improving wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isadora Pombeiro
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João Moura
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - M Graça Pereira
- School of Psychology, Department of Applied Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- Psychology Research Center (CIPsi), University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Eugénia Carvalho
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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22
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Ortega AC, Valtierra E, Rodríguez-Cuevas FG, Aranda Z, Preciado G, Mohar S. Protecting vulnerable communities and health professionals from COVID-19 associated mental health distress: a comprehensive approach led by a public-civil partnership in rural Chiapas, Mexico. Glob Health Action 2021; 14:1997410. [PMID: 34889715 PMCID: PMC8667903 DOI: 10.1080/16549716.2021.1997410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has stricken mental health worldwide. Marginalized populations in low- and middle-income countries have been the most affected, as they were already experiencing barriers to accessing mental health care prior to the pandemic and are unequally exposed to the stressors associated with the health emergency, such as economic ravages or increased risk of complicated disease outcomes. OBJECTIVE The aim of this paper is to describe a comprehensive initiative resulting from a public-civil partnership to address the increased burden of mental health illness associated with the COVID-19 pandemic in rural Chiapas, Mexico. METHODS To address the emerging health needs of the general population and health professionals resulting from the pandemic, Compañeros En Salud (CES), a non-profit civil society organization based in Chiapas, implemented a comprehensive strategy to compensate for the shortage of mental health services in the region in collaboration with the Chiapas Ministry of Health. The strategy included three components: capacity building in mental health care delivery, psychosocial support to the general population, and provision of mental health care to CES collaborating staff. In this capacity building article, implementers from CES and the government share descriptive information on the specific interventions carried out and their beneficiaries, as well as a critical discussion of the strategy followed. RESULTS Through this strategy, we have been successful in filling the gaps in the public health system to ensure that CES-served populations and CES-collaborating health professionals have access to mental health care. However, further studies to quantify the impact of this intervention in alleviating the burden of mental health illnesses associated with the pandemic are needed. CONCLUSIONS The current situation represents an opportunity to reimagine global mental health. Only through the promotion of community-based initiatives and the development of integrated approaches will we ensure the well-being of marginalized populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cecilia Ortega
- Mental Health Program, Partners In Health Mexico/Compañeros En Salud, Ángel Albino Corzo, México
| | - Erika Valtierra
- Mental Health Program, Partners In Health Mexico/Compañeros En Salud, Ángel Albino Corzo, México
| | - Fátima Gabriela Rodríguez-Cuevas
- Mental Health Program, Partners In Health Mexico/Compañeros En Salud, Ángel Albino Corzo, México
- Department of Global Health and Development, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Zeus Aranda
- Research and Impact Program, Partners in Health Mexico/Compañeros En Salud, Ángel Albino Corzo, México
| | - Gisela Preciado
- Mental Health Program, Partners In Health Mexico/Compañeros En Salud, Ángel Albino Corzo, México
| | - Sebastián Mohar
- Hospital Básico Comunitario de Ángel Albino Corzo, Chiapas Ministry of Health, Ángel Albino Corzo, México
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Caballero-García A, Noriega DC, Bello HJ, Roche E, Córdova-Martínez A. The Immunomodulatory Function of Vitamin D, with Particular Reference to SARS-CoV-2. Medicina (Kaunas) 2021; 57:1321. [PMID: 34946266 PMCID: PMC8706376 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57121321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Vaccines are the only way to reduce the morbidity associated to SARS-CoV-2 infection. The appearance of new mutations urges us to increase the effectiveness of vaccines as a complementary alternative. In this context, the use of adjuvant strategies has improved the effectiveness of different vaccines against virus infections such as dengue, influenza, and common cold. Recent reports on patients infected by COVID-19 reveal that low levels of circulating vitamin D correlate with a severe respiratory insufficiency. The immunomodulatory activity of this micronutrient attenuates the synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines and at the same time, increases antibody production. Therefore, the present review proposes the use of vitamin D as adjuvant micronutrient to increase the efficacy of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Caballero-García
- Department of Anatomy and Radiology, Health Sciences Faculty, GIR of Physical Exercise and Aging, Campus Universitario “Los Pajaritos”, 42004 Soria, Spain;
| | - David C. Noriega
- Spine Department, Valladolid University Hospital, University of Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain;
| | - Hugo J. Bello
- Department of Mathematics, School of Forestry Industry and Agronomic Engineering and Bioenergy, GIR of Physical Exercise and Aging, Campus Universitario “Los Pajaritos”, 42004 Soria, Spain;
| | - Enrique Roche
- Department of Applied Biology-Nutrition, Institute of Bioengineering, University Miguel Hernández, 03202 Elche, Spain;
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alfredo Córdova-Martínez
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, GIR of Physical Exercise and Aging, Campus Universitario “Los Pajaritos”, Valladolid University, 42004 Soria, Spain
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Dobrakowski PP, Skalski S, Surzykiewicz J, Muszyńska J, Konaszewski K. Religious Coping and Life Satisfaction during the COVID-19 Pandemic among Polish Catholics. The Mediating Effect of Coronavirus Anxiety. J Clin Med 2021; 10:4865. [PMID: 34768383 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10214865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent data have indicated that people may have experienced fear during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to deepen our understanding of the relationship between religious coping and life satisfaction by analysing the indirect effects of fear of COVID-19. METHODS This study included 365 people (75% women) aged 18-78 years. The procedure consisted of completing questionnaires to measure religious coping, COVID-19 anxiety, satisfaction with life, and satisfaction with social support. RESULTS Structural equation modelling showed that positive religious coping was related to greater life satisfaction and greater satisfaction with social support during the pandemic. Moreover, fear of COVID-19 mediated the relationship between negative religious coping and life satisfaction and social support satisfaction. CONCLUSIONS The data suggest a need for practitioners to focus on interventions that enhance positive religious coping to improve life satisfaction during the spread of infectious diseases.
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Beng TS, Kim CLC, Shee CC, Ching DNL, Liang TJ, Kumar MKN, Guan NC, Khuen LP, Loong LC, Chin LE, Zainuddin SI, Capelle DP, Munn AC, Yen LK, Isahak NNHN. COVID-19, Suffering and Palliative Care: A Review. Am J Hosp Palliat Care 2021; 39:986-995. [PMID: 34525862 PMCID: PMC9294437 DOI: 10.1177/10499091211046233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
According to the WHO guideline, palliative care is an integral component of COVID-19 management. The relief of physical symptoms and the provision of psychosocial support should be practiced by all healthcare workers caring for COVID-19 patients. In this review, we aim to provide a simple outline on COVID-19, suffering in COVID-19, and the role of palliative care in COVID-19. We also introduce 3 principles of palliative care that can serve as a guide for all healthcare workers caring for COVID-19 patients, which are (1) good symptom control, (2) open and sensitive communication, and (3) caring for the whole team. The pandemic has brought immense suffering, fear and death to people everywhere. The knowledge, skills and experiences from palliative care could be used to relieve the suffering of COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tan Seng Beng
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Carol Lai Cheng Kim
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chai Chee Shee
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, University Sarawak Malaysia, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Diana Ng Leh Ching
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, University Sarawak Malaysia, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Tan Jiunn Liang
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Ng Chong Guan
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Lim Poh Khuen
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Lam Chee Loong
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Loh Ee Chin
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sheriza Izwa Zainuddin
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - David Paul Capelle
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ang Chui Munn
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Lim Kah Yen
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Wang Y, Yang Y, Ren L, Shao Y, Tao W, Dai XJ. Preexisting Mental Disorders Increase the Risk of COVID-19 Infection and Associated Mortality. Front Public Health 2021; 9:684112. [PMID: 34434913 PMCID: PMC8381336 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.684112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a respiratory disease of unknown origin, has a high rate of morbidity and mortality. Individuals with mental disorders may have a higher risk of infection and worse clinical outcomes because of a variety of factors such as poorer general resilience and lower immune function. However, there have been no studies to date specifically investigating the risk of COVID-19 and associated mortality in these patients. This was addressed in the present study by analyzing the data of 473,958 subjects included in the UK Biobank, 14,877 of whom tested positive for COVID-19 infection. Logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the associations between mental disorders and risks of COVID-19 infection and associated mortality. The results showed that subjects who were diagnosed with a mental disorder had a significantly higher risk of developing COVID-19 and a worse outcome as evidenced by higher rates of COVID-19-related mortality, with the strongest effects observed for dementia. Among dementia subtypes, Alzheimer disease patients had the highest risks of COVID-19 infection (7.39-fold increase) and associated mortality (2.13-fold increase). Late-life anxiety only increased the risk of developing COVID-19 while late-life depression not only was associated with a higher risk of infection but also a worse outcome. These findings highlight the need to prioritize patients with mental disorders-especially those who experience these disorders later in life-when implementing preventive strategies such as vaccinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjun Wang
- Shenzhen Mental Health Centre, Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Radiology, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, China
| | - Lina Ren
- Shenzhen Mental Health Centre, Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuan Shao
- Shenzhen Mental Health Centre, Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Weiqun Tao
- Shenzhen Mental Health Centre, Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xi-jian Dai
- Shenzhen Mental Health Centre, Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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Heavey E. Psychological first aid for nurses during the pandemic response. Nursing 2021; 51:17-20. [PMID: 34347747 DOI: 10.1097/01.nurse.0000754052.65053.fe] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Heavey
- Elizabeth Heavey is the graduate program director and a professor of nursing at The College at Brockport, State University of New York in Brockport, N.Y., and a member of the Nursing2021 editorial board
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Yue L, Zhao R, Xiao Q, Zhuo Y, Yu J, Meng X. The effect of mental health on sleep quality of front-line medical staff during the COVID-19 outbreak in China: A cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0253753. [PMID: 34166474 PMCID: PMC8224907 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic is a public health emergency of international concern and poses a challenge to the mental health and sleep quality of front-line medical staff (FMS). The aim of this study was to investigate the sleep quality of FMS during the COVID-19 outbreak in China and analyze the relationship between mental health and sleep quality of FMS. Methods From February 24, 2020 to March 22, 2020, a cross-sectional study was performed with 543 FMS from a medical center in Western China. A self-reported questionnaire was used to collect data anonymously. The following tests were used: The Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) for symptoms of anxiety, the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) for depressive symptoms, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) for sleep quality assessment. Results Of the 543 FMS, 216 (39.8%) were classified as subjects with poor sleep quality. Anxiety (P<0.001), depression (P<0.001), and the prevalence of those divorced or widowed (P<0.05) were more common in FMS with poor sleep quality than in participants with good sleep quality. The FMS exhibiting co-occurrence of anxiety and depression were associated with worse scores on sleep quality than those medical staff in the other three groups/categories. The difference in sleep quality between the FMS with only depression and the FMS experiencing co-occurrence of anxiety and depression was statistically significant (P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in sleep quality between the FMS experiencing only anxiety and the FMS with co-occurrence of anxiety and depression (P > 0.05). Conclusions During the COVID-19 pandemic, there was a noteworthy increase in the prevalence of negative emotions and sentiments among the medical staff, along with poor overall sleep quality. We anticipate that this study can stimulate more research into the mental state of FMS during outbreaks and other public health emergencies. In addition, particular attention must be paid to enhance the sleep quality of FMS, along with better planning and support for FMS who are continuously exposed to the existing viral epidemic by virtue of the nature of their profession.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leiyu Yue
- West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University/Department of Mental Health Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Rui Zhao
- Geriatric Psychiatric Ward 2, The Fourth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Qingqing Xiao
- West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University/Department of Mental Health Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Yu Zhuo
- West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University/Department of Mental Health Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Jianying Yu
- West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University/Department of Mental Health Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Xiandong Meng
- West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University/Department of Mental Health Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
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Ghanemi A, Yoshioka M, St-Amand J. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Crisis: Losing Our Immunity When We Need It the Most. Biology (Basel) 2021; 10:545. [PMID: 34207024 PMCID: PMC8235440 DOI: 10.3390/biology10060545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) crisis has led to a new socioeconomic reality with the acquisition of novel habits. Measures imposed by governments and health authorities such as confinement and lockdown have had important consequences, including mental health problems, economic crisis, and social isolation. Combined with newly acquired habits such as hand washing, sanitization, and face masks, these have all directly and indirectly led to reduced immunity. Such effects on the immune system not only impact the epidemiological profile with respect to COVID-19 and other infectious diseases but also limit the efficacy of the ongoing anti-COVID-19 vaccination campaign. Therefore, there is a need to review these approaches and optimize measures towards better population immunity, which is much needed during such an epidemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelaziz Ghanemi
- Functional Genomics Laboratory, Endocrinology and Nephrology Axis, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Mayumi Yoshioka
- Functional Genomics Laboratory, Endocrinology and Nephrology Axis, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Jonny St-Amand
- Functional Genomics Laboratory, Endocrinology and Nephrology Axis, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
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Guan M. Could the Associations of Changes in Living Arrangement with Mental Disorders Be Moderated or Mediated During COVID-19 Pandemic? Psychol Res Behav Manag 2021; 14:769-779. [PMID: 34168508 PMCID: PMC8216724 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s302729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Changes in living arrangement was one of the most well-established risk factors for mental disorders, but little evidence came from moderating or mediating effect during COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to determine whether associations of changes in living arrangement with mental disorders could be moderated or mediated during COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS Data were a cross-sectional and international population-based survey data collected as part of theCOVID-19 pandemic. Participants included nationally representative general population probability samples of adults (≥18 years) during COVID-19 pandemic (N=16,784). Main mental measures were reflected by loneliness assessed by UCLA Loneliness Scale Version 3, anxiety assessed by Generalised Anxiety Disorder 2-item, and depressed mood assessed by The Patient Health Questionnaire-2 in the survey. With control variables, all the mediation models were conducted by Stata mode. Potential influencing effects of social contact and social support as moderators were analyzed using Hayes's PROCESS macro. RESULTS Among the participants, prevalence of mental disorders was high. Logistic regression indicated that changes in living arrangement had significant associations with anxiety (AOR=1.127, 95% CI: 1.018-1.249) and depression (AOR =1.142, 95% CI: 1.027-1.269). Mediation models indicated that indirect, direct, and total effects of changes in living arrangement on mental disorders through COVID-symptoms; change in alcohol use; and social contact were significant. Indirect, direct, and total effects of changes in living arrangement on loneliness and depression through social support were significant. Moderation analysis indicated that moderation model 1 in AF Hayes Process procedure was accepted. CONCLUSION This study indicated that associations of changes in living arrangement with mental disorders could be mediated by COVID-symptoms, changes in alcohol use, social contact, and social support and moderated by social support during COVID-19 pandemic. The finding in this study might provide better understanding of the mechanisms by which social support might contribute to the resolving mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Guan
- International Issues Center, Xuchang University, Xuchang, 461000, People’s Republic of China,Family Issues Center, Xuchang University, Xuchang, 461000, People’s Republic of China,School of Business, Xuchang University, Xuchang, 461000, People’s Republic of China,Correspondence: Ming Guan International Issues Center, Xuchang University, 88 Bayi Road, Xuchang, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 1340 9360 114 Email
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Salazar-Fernández C, Palet D, Haeger PA, Román Mella F. The Perceived Impact of COVID-19 on Comfort Food Consumption over Time: The Mediational Role of Emotional Distress. Nutrients 2021; 13:1910. [PMID: 34199403 PMCID: PMC8228314 DOI: 10.3390/nu13061910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on populations at an economic, health, and on an interpersonal level, it is still unclear how it has affected health-risk behaviors, such as comfort food consumption over time. This study longitudinally examines the effect of the perceived impact of COVID-19 on comfort food consumption and whether this effect is mediated by emotional distress. A convenience sample of 1048 students and university staff (academic and non-academic) from two universities completed monthly online surveys during the COVID-19 pandemic across six waves (W; W1 to W6). Participants reported their perceived impact of COVID-19 (economic, interpersonal, and health), comfort food consumption, and emotional distress (DASS-21). Using structural equation models, we found an indirect longitudinal effect of the perceived impact of COVID-19 (W1) on comfort food consumption (W3 to W6) through increased emotional distress (W2). The perceived negative impact of COVID-19 on comfort food consumption was fully mediated by the emotional distress during the first waves (W3 and W4), ending in a partial mediation in the last waves (W5 and W6). These findings contribute to disentangling the mechanisms by which the perceived impact of COVID-19 affects comfort food consumption over time, and highlight the role of emotional distress. Future interventions should address comfort food consumption by focusing on handling emotional distress during a crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniela Palet
- Departamento de Psicología, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 478000, Chile; (C.S.-F.); (D.P.)
| | - Paola A. Haeger
- Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica del Norte, Coquimbo 1781421, Chile
| | - Francisca Román Mella
- Departamento de Psicología, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 478000, Chile; (C.S.-F.); (D.P.)
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Jason LA, Islam M, Conroy K, Cotler J, Torres C, Johnson M, Mabie B. COVID-19 Symptoms Over Time: Comparing Long-Haulers to ME/CFS. Fatigue 2021; 9:59-68. [PMID: 34484973 PMCID: PMC8411893 DOI: 10.1080/21641846.2021.1922140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Our objective was to determine which symptoms among long-hauler COVID-19 patients change over time, and how their symptoms compare to another chronic illness group. 278 long-haulers completed two symptom questionnaires at one time point, with one recounting experiences from an average of 21.7 weeks prior. METHODS We used a comparison group of 502 patients diagnosed with myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS). Participants completed a standardized symptom questionnaire and a list of additional CDC COVID-19 symptoms. RESULTS Over time, the long-haulers reported an overall reduction of most symptoms including unrefreshing sleep and post-exertional malaise, but an intensification of neurocognitive symptoms. When compared to ME/CFS, the COVID-19 sample was initially more symptomatic for the immune and orthostatic domains but over time, the long-haulers evidenced significantly less severe symptoms than those with ME/CFS, except in the orthostatic domain. Among the COVID-19 long haulers, several neurocognitive symptoms got worse over time, whereas improvements occurred in most other areas. CONCLUSIONS These types of differential patterns of symptoms over time might contribute to helping better understand the pathophysiology of those reporting prolonged illness following COVID-19.
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Cervellione B, Rossi S, Carbone R, Ferracane G, Lombardo EMC, Pedrelli E, Sozzi A, Artioli G, Sarli L, Iacolino C. The intervention of the emergency psychologist: the SIPEM SoS Emilia Romagna during the first lockdown from COVID-19. Acta Biomed 2021; 92:e2021019. [PMID: 33855979 PMCID: PMC8138816 DOI: 10.23750/abm.v92is2.11440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background and purpose of this work: WHO 11 March 2020 declares that Sars-Cov-2 infection is not only a health emergency but must be considered a pandemic. Covid-19 required the urgency of a new psychological intervention model to better address the crisis and ensure a direct support response to the people involved in the pandemic. The present study aimed to detect the symptoms and reactions of the population with respect to the event. The survey was carried out by describing the clinical symptoms that emerged from the triage card used by SIPEM SoS Emilia Romagna (Italy), connoting the criteria of emergency psychology. METHODS A retrospective quantitative study was conducted on 288 psychological triage cards. RESULTS only 11% of users who ask for support say they are positive while 85% report not having contracted the virus. Of the total, 40.9% call for psychological support in the management of anxiety symptoms, a need also reported by 55% of the subsample who declared previous psychological problems. In reaction to the pandemic event, 51.1% of the total refers to coping resources and availability for help. DISCUSSIONS the need for support of the population to manage symptoms highlights the need for early interventions, also to facilitate that slice of the population that does not have effective individual coping strategies and resources available to help. CONCLUSIONS it can be deduced that interventions during these types of emergencies must be timely and aimed not only at those affected but also at the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda Cervellione
- Italian Society of Emergency Psychology Social Support, SIPEM SoS Emilia Romagna and Sicily sections; Faculty of Human Sciences and Society, University of Enna "Kore".
| | - Sandra Rossi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma.
| | - Roberta Carbone
- Italian Society of Emergency Psychology Social Support, SIPEM SoS Emilia Romagna and Sicily sections; Faculty of Human Sciences and Society, University of Enna "Kore".
| | - Giuseppina Ferracane
- Italian Society of Emergency Psychology Social Support, SIPEM SoS Emilia Romagna and Sicily sections.
| | - Ester M C Lombardo
- Italian Society of Emergency Psychology Social Support, SIPEM SoS Emilia Romagna and Sicily sections; Faculty of Human Sciences and Society, University of Enna "Kore";.
| | - Enrica Pedrelli
- Italian Society of Emergency Psychology Social Support, SIPEM SoS Emilia Romagna and Sicily sections.
| | - Anna Sozzi
- Italian Society of Emergency Psychology Social Support, SIPEM SoS Emilia Romagna and Sicily sections.
| | | | - Leopoldo Sarli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma.
| | - Calogero Iacolino
- Italian Society of Emergency Psychology Social Support, SIPEM SoS Emilia Romagna and Sicily sections; Faculty of Human Sciences and Society, University of Enna "Kore";.
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Ghanamah R, Eghbaria-Ghanamah H. Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Behavioral and Emotional Aspects and Daily Routines of Arab Israeli Children. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:ijerph18062946. [PMID: 33805644 PMCID: PMC7999135 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18062946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Negative psychological effects of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) have been identified in adults and children, such as anxiety and sleep disorders. However, research about the impact of this pandemic on children from ethnical minorities is scarce. We tested the effects of COVID-19 outbreak on psychological aspects and daily routines among Arab Israeli Children. An online cross-sectional survey was conducted among Arab Israeli parents, including behavioral and emotional aspects questionnaire and questions addressing using of screens, sleep, and physical activities. The results showed that, during the COVID-19 outbreak, 55.8% of the children asked to sleep in their parents' bed and 45% expressed fears they did not have before. Most of the children showed increased irritability, constant mood swings and nervousness about limits and messages, and 41.4% showed sleep difficulties. Concerning adaptive behaviors, more than 50% of the parents reported that their child became wiser, lazier, and was able to adapt the limits and restriction of the COVID-19 outbreak. Moreover, the children tended to increase their use of screens, used to sleep more time, and were less active physically. The results suggest that children are vulnerable to the COVID-19 outbreak psychological effects and highlight the need to reduce the psychological burden of this pandemic and the necessity of immediate intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafat Ghanamah
- Early Childhood Education Department, Oranim Academic College of Education, Kiryat Tevo’n 3600600, Israel
- Edmond. J. Safra Brain Research Center for the Study of Learning Disabilities, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel;
- Correspondence:
| | - Hazar Eghbaria-Ghanamah
- Edmond. J. Safra Brain Research Center for the Study of Learning Disabilities, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel;
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Chaudhury S, Devabhaktuni S, Saldanha D. Combating COVID-19 stress with psychological resilience. Med J DY Patil Vidyapeeth 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/mjdrdypu.mjdrdypu_370_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Ceri V, Cicek I. Psychological Well-Being, Depression and Stress During COVID-19 Pandemic in Turkey: A Comparative Study of Healthcare Professionals and Non-Healthcare Professionals. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2020; 26:85-97. [DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2020.1859566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Veysi Ceri
- Department of Child Development, Batman University, Batman, Turkey
| | - Ilhan Cicek
- Department of Child Development, Batman University, Batman, Turkey
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Alqahtani MMJ, Alkhamees HA, Alkhalaf AM, Alarjan SS, Alzahrani HS, AlSaad GF, Alhrbi FH, Wahass SH, Khayat AH, Alqahtani KMM. Toward establishing telepsychology guideline. Turning the challenges of COVID-19 into opportunity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 16:100612. [PMID: 33283033 PMCID: PMC7700766 DOI: 10.1016/j.jemep.2020.100612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic has obstructed the classical practices of psychological assessment and intervention via face-to-face interaction. Patients and all health professionals have been forced to isolate and become innovative to continue receiving and providing exceptional healthcare services while minimizing the risk of exposure to, or transmission of, COVID-19. Aim This document is proposed initially as a guide to the extraordinary implementation of telepsychology in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and to extend its implementation to use fundamentally as the main guideline for telepsychology services in Saudi Arabia and other Arabic communities. Method A professional task force representing different areas of professional psychology reviewed, summarized, and documented methods, policies, procedures, and other resources to ensure that the recommendations and evidence reviews were valid and consistent with best practices. Results The practice of telepsychology involves the consideration of legal and professional requirements. This paper provides a guideline and recommendations for procedural changes that are necessary to address psychological services as we transition to telepsychology, as well as elucidates and demonstrates practical telepsychology frameworks, procedures, and proper recommendations for the provision of services during COVID-19. It adds a focused examination and discussion related to factors that could influence the telemedicine guideline, such as culture, religion, legal matters, and how clinical psychologists could expand their telepsychology practice during COVID-19 and after, seeking to produce broadly applicable guidelines for the practice of telepsychology. Professional steps in practical telemedicine were illustrated in tables and examples. Conclusion Telepsychology is not a luxury or a temporary response. Rather, it should be considered part of a proactive governance model to secure a continuity of mental health care services. Arabic communities could benefit from this guideline to telepsychology as an essential protocol for providing mental health services during and after the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - H A Alkhamees
- Clinical psychology unit, Prince Mohammed Bin Salman centre for autism and developmental disorders, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - A M Alkhalaf
- Clinical psychology and community counselling unit, psychiatry & mental health services division, Neuroscience Institute, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - S S Alarjan
- Department of adult mental health, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - H S Alzahrani
- Mental health department, National Neuroscience Institute, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - G F AlSaad
- Department of psychiatry, King Saud university Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - F H Alhrbi
- Ministry of Education, Unayzah colleges, Al-Qassim, Alqassim, Saudi Arabia
| | - S H Wahass
- Department of psychiatry, College of medicine, Imam Abudulrahman Bin Faisal university, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - A H Khayat
- Psychology department, King Abdulaziz university, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Li Q, Chen T, Yang J, Cong G. Based on Computational Communication Paradigm: Simulation of Public Opinion Communication Process of Panic Buying During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2020; 13:1027-1045. [PMID: 33390730 PMCID: PMC7691764 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s280825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim The spread of the COVID-19 pandemic has led to a number of instances of large-scale panic buying. Taking the COVID-19 pandemic as an example, this paper explores the impact of panic in uncertain environments on panic buying behavior. Under certain circumstances, the spread of rumors about shortage of goods is likely to cause large-scale panic buying. This paper focuses on the study of such panic buying caused by online rumors. Methods Firstly, based on the improved BA network, this paper constructs a directed network for public opinion communication and integrates an offline communication network to build a two-layer synchronous coupling network based on online and offline communications. Secondly, the individual decision model and the panic emotion transmission model under the uncertain environment are constructed. Netizens judge the authenticity of network information, determine their own panic degree according to the above two models, and judge whether they participate in the panic buying based on the above factors. Finally, the spread of the public opinion of goods buying under the panic state is simulated and analyzed. Results The experimental results of the two-layer synchronous network that integrates offline interaction are significantly different from the results of pure online interaction, which increases the speed of public opinions spread after offline interaction and affects a wider range of groups. Under the condition of sufficient supplies, panic in local areas will not cause large-scale panic buying on the whole network. However, the results under the same parameters suggest that if there is a shortage of supplies, panic will spread quickly across the network, leading to large-scale panic buying. It is very important to ensure sufficient supply of materials at the beginning of the spread of rumors, which can reduce the number of buyers. However, if there is a shortage of goods before the panic dissipates in the later stage, there will still be a large-scale rush purchase. Conclusion These results explain the reasons why it is difficult to stop the buying events in many areas under the COVID-19 pandemic. Under the uncertain environment, the panic caused by people’s fear of stock shortage promotes the occurrence of large-scale rush buying. Therefore, in the event of major public health events, ensuring adequate supply of materials is the top priority.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Li
- School of Management and E-Business, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Tinggui Chen
- School of Statistics and Mathematics, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianjun Yang
- Department of Computer Science and Information Systems, University of North Georgia, Oakwood, Georgia 30566, USA
| | - Guodong Cong
- School of Tourism and Urban-Rural Planning, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, People's Republic of China
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Adebanjo GAR, Parisella FR, Cittadini A, Luzi F, Tammaro A. A case of dermatitis artefacta during a pandemic. Dermatol Ther 2020; 33:e14235. [PMID: 32851742 PMCID: PMC7460987 DOI: 10.1111/dth.14235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Andrea Cittadini
- Consultation Liaison Psychiatric Unit, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabiola Luzi
- NESMOS, Dermatology Department, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Tammaro
- NESMOS, Dermatology Department, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Ramírez-Ortiz J, Castro-Quintero D, Lerma-Córdoba C, Yela-Ceballos F, Escobar-Córdoba F. Mental health consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic associated with social isolation. Colomb j anesthesiol 2020. [DOI: 10.5554/22562087.e930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The 2019 coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) is a public health emergency of international concern, which poses a major challenge to mental health as a result of its unprecedented impact in this 21st century. Research in past epidemics has revealed a deep and wide range of psychosocial consequences at the individual and collective level. There are multiple associated psychological disturbances, ranging from isolated symptoms to complex disorders with marked impairment of functionality, such as insomnia, anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder. Therefore, it is necessary for mental health services to develop strategies that allow them to react skillfully and provide support to health workers and the affected population so as to reduce the psychological impact as well as the development of psychiatric symptoms. The purpose of this reflection article is to show the possible consequences on the mental health of the population as a result of social isolation due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Kempuraj D, Selvakumar GP, Ahmed ME, Raikwar SP, Thangavel R, Khan A, Zaheer SA, Iyer SS, Burton C, James D, Zaheer A. COVID-19, Mast Cells, Cytokine Storm, Psychological Stress, and Neuroinflammation. Neuroscientist 2020; 26:402-414. [PMID: 32684080 DOI: 10.1177/1073858420941476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a new pandemic infectious disease that originated in China. COVID-19 is a global public health emergency of international concern. COVID-19 causes mild to severe illness with high morbidity and mortality, especially in preexisting risk groups. Therapeutic options are now limited to COVID-19. The hallmark of COVID-19 pathogenesis is the cytokine storm with elevated levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), chemokine (C-C-motif) ligand 2 (CCL2), and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). COVID-19 can cause severe pneumonia, and neurological disorders, including stroke, the damage to the neurovascular unit, blood-brain barrier disruption, high intracranial proinflammatory cytokines, and endothelial cell damage in the brain. Mast cells are innate immune cells and also implicated in adaptive immune response, systemic inflammatory diseases, neuroinflammatory diseases, traumatic brain injury and stroke, and stress disorders. SARS-CoV-2 can activate monocytes/macrophages, dendritic cells, T cells, mast cells, neutrophils, and induce cytokine storm in the lung. COVID-19 can activate mast cells, neurons, glial cells, and endothelial cells. SARS-CoV-2 infection can cause psychological stress and neuroinflammation. In conclusion, COVID-19 can induce mast cell activation, psychological stress, cytokine storm, and neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duraisamy Kempuraj
- Department of Neurology, and the Center for Translational Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.,Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Govindhasamy Pushpavathi Selvakumar
- Department of Neurology, and the Center for Translational Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.,Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Mohammad Ejaz Ahmed
- Department of Neurology, and the Center for Translational Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.,Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Sudhanshu P Raikwar
- Department of Neurology, and the Center for Translational Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.,Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Ramasamy Thangavel
- Department of Neurology, and the Center for Translational Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.,Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Asher Khan
- Department of Neurology, and the Center for Translational Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Smita A Zaheer
- Department of Neurology, and the Center for Translational Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Shankar S Iyer
- Department of Neurology, and the Center for Translational Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.,Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Columbia, MO, USA
| | | | | | - Asgar Zaheer
- Department of Neurology, and the Center for Translational Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.,Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Columbia, MO, USA
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Borges-Machado F, Barros D, Ribeiro Ó, Carvalho J. The Effects of COVID-19 Home Confinement in Dementia Care: Physical and Cognitive Decline, Severe Neuropsychiatric Symptoms and Increased Caregiving Burden. Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen 2020; 35:1533317520976720. [PMID: 33295781 PMCID: PMC10623939 DOI: 10.1177/1533317520976720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to analyze home confinement impact on individuals with neurocognitive disorders (NCD) through informal caregiver's perspective and examine how it has affected caregiving burden. METHODS Thirty-six caregivers (64.94 ± 13.54 years, 41.7% female) of individuals with NCD (74.28 ± 6.76 years, 66.7% female) selected from the Body & Brain exercise program were interviewed over the phone. The following instruments were used: Barthel Index (BI) to assess care recipients' ability to function independently on activities of daily living (ADL), the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) to evaluate neuropsychiatric symptoms, and the CarerQol-7D/ CarerQol-VAS to determine caregiver subjective burden/well-being. RESULTS Pre and post-confinement comparisons showed that care recipients significantly declined their independence in ADL (p = 0.003) and increased NPI total score (MD = 5.72; 95% CI: 1.19 to 10.25, p = 0.015). As for caregivers, results also showed an increased caregiving burden (MD = -0.17; 95% CI: -0.27 to -0.08; p = 0.001) and a decline in their well-being (p = 0.015). DISCUSSION COVID-19 crisis sheds light on how imperative it is to find solutions and design contingency plans for future crisis, in order to ensure properly sustained support to dementia caregiving dyads and mitigate caregivers' burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávia Borges-Machado
- CIAFEL, Centro de Investigação em Atividade Física, Saúde e Lazer, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Duarte Barros
- CIAFEL, Centro de Investigação em Atividade Física, Saúde e Lazer, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Óscar Ribeiro
- Departamento de Educação e Psicologia, CINTESIS, Centro de Investigação em Tecnologias e Serviços de Saúde, Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Joana Carvalho
- CIAFEL, Centro de Investigação em Atividade Física, Saúde e Lazer, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Faculdade de Desporto da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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