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Lenti MV, Facciotti F, Miceli E, Vanoli A, Fornasa G, Lahner E, Spadoni I, Giuffrida P, Arpa G, Pasini A, Rovedatti L, Caprioli F, Travelli C, Lattanzi G, Conti L, Klersy C, Vecchi M, Paulli M, Annibale B, Corazza GR, Rescigno M, Di Sabatino A. Mucosal Overexpression of Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin and Proinflammatory Cytokines in Patients With Autoimmune Atrophic Gastritis. Clin Transl Gastroenterol 2022; 13:e00510. [PMID: 35905420 PMCID: PMC10476748 DOI: 10.14309/ctg.0000000000000510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The immune mechanisms underlying human autoimmune atrophic gastritis (AAG) are poorly understood. We sought to assess immune mucosal alterations in patients with AAG. METHODS In 2017-2021, we collected gastric corpus biopsies from 24 patients with AAG (median age 62 years, interquartile range 56-67, 14 women), 26 age-matched and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs), and 14 patients with Helicobacter pylori infection (HP). We investigated the lamina propria mononuclear cell (LPMC) populations and the mucosal expression of thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) and nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT). Ex vivo cytokine production by organ culture biopsies, under different stimuli (short TSLP and zinc-l-carnosine), and the gastric vascular barrier through plasmalemma vesicle-associated protein-1 (PV1) were also assessed. RESULTS In the subset of CD19+ LPMC, CD38+ cells (plasma cells) were significantly higher in AAG compared with HC. Ex vivo production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-15, and transforming growth factor β1 was significantly higher in AAG compared with HC. At immunofluorescence, both IL-7R and TSLP were more expressed in AAG compared with HC and HP, and short TSLP transcripts were significantly increased in AAG compared with HC. In the supernatants of AAG corpus mucosa, short TSLP significantly reduced TNF-α, while zinc-l-carnosine significantly reduced interferon-γ, TNF-α, IL-21, IL-6, and IL-15. NAMPT transcripts were significantly increased in AAG compared with HC. PV1 was almost absent in AAG, mildly expressed in HC, and overexpressed in HP. DISCUSSION Plasma cells, proinflammatory cytokines, and altered gastric vascular barrier may play a major role in AAG. TSLP and NAMPT may represent potential therapeutic targets, while zinc-l-carnosine may dampen mucosal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Vincenzo Lenti
- First Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Federica Facciotti
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuela Miceli
- First Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Vanoli
- Unit of Anatomic Pathology, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giulia Fornasa
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Edith Lahner
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Ilaria Spadoni
- Humanitas University, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Giuffrida
- First Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Arpa
- Unit of Anatomic Pathology, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alessandra Pasini
- First Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Laura Rovedatti
- First Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Flavio Caprioli
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, IRCCS Ca' Granda Hospital Foundation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Travelli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Georgia Lattanzi
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Conti
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Catherine Klersy
- Clinical Epidemiology & Biometry, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Maurizio Vecchi
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, IRCCS Ca' Granda Hospital Foundation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Paulli
- Unit of Anatomic Pathology, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Bruno Annibale
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Gino Roberto Corazza
- First Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Maria Rescigno
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
- Humanitas University, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Di Sabatino
- First Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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Lenti MV, Vanoli A, Miceli E, Arpa G, Di Stefano M, Soriano S, Capuano F, Gentile A, Aronico N, Coppola L, Pasini A, Luinetti O, Mauro A, Paulli M, Klersy C, Corazza GR, Di Sabatino A. Increase of Deep Intraepithelial Lymphocytes in the Oxyntic Mucosa of Patients With Potential and Overt Autoimmune Gastritis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:866167. [PMID: 35603187 PMCID: PMC9114815 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.866167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathological correlates of potential autoimmune gastritis (AIG), defined by anti-parietal cell antibody (PCA) positivity in the absence of gastric atrophy, have never been described. We herein aimed to assess intraepithelial lymphocyte (IEL) infiltration in gastric corpus of AIG patients. From 2000 to 2021, among 53 potential AIG patients, we focused on nine (median age 61 years, IQR 53-82; four females) who subsequently developed overt AIG. IEL infiltration of the oxyntic mucosa was assessed before and after developing overt AIG by measuring deep and superficial CD3+ IEL. AIG patients with different degrees of corpus atrophy, healthy controls (HC), active H. pylori gastritis, celiac disease (CD), and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis patients were included as controls. Of note, deep, but not superficial, CD3+ IEL count was higher (p<0.001) in potential AIG compared to HC and H. pylori gastritis. Deep CD3+ IEL infiltration did not change before or after the evolution into atrophy (median 9.6, IQR 8.8-12.4, vs 11.3, IQR 9.4-12.9). No difference was found in deep CD3+ IEL infiltration among potential, mild, and severe AIG, and compared to Hashimoto’s thyroiditis or CD. A deep CD3+ IEL cut-off of >7/100 epithelial cells allowed discrimination of any AIG stage and severity (AUC=0.842). We conclude that an increased deep CD3+ IEL infiltration of the oxyntic mucosa could represent a marker of potential AIG. Prospective studies including a larger number of potential AIG patients are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Vincenzo Lenti
- Department of Internal Medicine, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Vanoli
- Department of Pathology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Emanuela Miceli
- Department of Internal Medicine, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Arpa
- Department of Pathology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Michele Di Stefano
- Department of Internal Medicine, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Simone Soriano
- Department of Internal Medicine, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesca Capuano
- Department of Pathology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Antonella Gentile
- Department of Internal Medicine, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Nicola Aronico
- Department of Internal Medicine, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Luigi Coppola
- Department of Internal Medicine, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alessandra Pasini
- Department of Internal Medicine, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Ombretta Luinetti
- Department of Pathology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Aurelio Mauro
- Department of Internal Medicine, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Marco Paulli
- Department of Pathology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Catherine Klersy
- Unit of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Gino Roberto Corazza
- Department of Internal Medicine, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Antonio Di Sabatino
- Department of Internal Medicine, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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Santacroce G, Lenti MV, Aronico N, Miceli E, Lovati E, Lucotti PC, Coppola L, Gentile A, Latorre MA, Di Terlizzi F, Soriano S, Frigerio C, Pellegrino I, Pasini A, Ubezio C, Mambella J, Canta R, Fusco A, Rigano G, Di Sabatino A. Impact of COVID-19 in immunosuppressive drug-naïve autoimmune disorders: Autoimmune gastritis, celiac disease, type 1 diabetes, and autoimmune thyroid disease. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2022; 33 Suppl 27:105-107. [PMID: 35080315 PMCID: PMC9305940 DOI: 10.1111/pai.13646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Few conflicting data are currently available on the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with autoimmune disorders. The studies performed so far are influenced, in most cases, by the treatment with immunosuppressive drugs, making it difficult to ascertain the burden of autoimmunity per se. For this reason, herein we assessed the susceptibility to COVID-19 in immunosuppressive drug-naïve patients with autoimmune diseases, such as autoimmune gastritis (AIG), celiac disease (CD), type 1 diabetes (T1D), and autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD). Telephone interviews were conducted on 400 patients-100 for each group-in May 2021 by looking at the positivity of molecular nasopharyngeal swabs and/or serology for SARS-CoV-2, the need for hospitalization, the outcome, and the vaccination status. Overall, a positive COVID-19 test was reported in 33 patients (8.2%), comparable with that of the Lombardy general population (8.2%). In particular, seven patients with AIG, 9 with CD, 8 with T1D, and 9 with AITD experienced COVID-19. Only three patients required hospitalization, none died, and 235 (58.7%) were vaccinated, 43 with AIG, 47 with CD, 91 with T1D, and 54 with AITD. These results seem to suggest that autoimmunity per se does not increase the susceptibility to COVID-19. Also, COVID-19 seems to be mild in these patients, as indicated by the low hospitalization rates and adverse outcomes, although further studies are needed to better clarify this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Santacroce
- Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Marco Vincenzo Lenti
- Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Nicola Aronico
- Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Emanuela Miceli
- Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Lovati
- Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Pietro Carlo Lucotti
- Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Luigi Coppola
- Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Antonella Gentile
- Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Mario Andrea Latorre
- Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesco Di Terlizzi
- Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Simone Soriano
- Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Chiara Frigerio
- Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Ivan Pellegrino
- Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alessandra Pasini
- Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Cristina Ubezio
- Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Jacopo Mambella
- Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Roberta Canta
- Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alessandra Fusco
- Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Rigano
- Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Antonio Di Sabatino
- Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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Lucotti P, Lovati E, Lenti MV, Valvo B, Sprio E, Aronico N, Giuffrida P, Dell'Aera D, Pasini A, Ubezio C, Delliponti M, Tinelli C, Corazza GR, Di Sabatino A. Abnormal post-prandial glucagon-like peptide release in patients with Crohn's disease. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2021; 45:101533. [PMID: 33036955 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2020.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Glucagon-like peptide GLP-1 and -2 have been shown to regulate immune responses in immune-mediated disorders, including Crohn's disease (CD). Our aim was to investigate post-prandial GLP release and its potential link to chronic inflammation, insulin secretion/sensitivity and body composition changes in CD patients. METHODS Fifteen patients with CD, 15 healthy controls (HC) and 15 patients with metabolic syndrome (MS) were recruited. All patients underwent assessment of body composition by means of bio-impedance followed by a meal tolerance test (MTT). Only one CD patient did not tolerate the MTT and was excluded. RESULTS Basal GLP-1 levels were up-regulated in CD, however, as compared to HC, stimulated GLP-1 secretion was significantly reduced in CD (-31 %, p < 0.05) as in MS (-52 %, p < 0.003). Similarly, basal GLP-2 levels were comparable to that of HC, while response to MTT in CD was virtually absent (p < 0.05). Similar fasting insulin sensitivity, estimated 1st and 2nd phase insulin secretion and insulinogenic index were found in CD and in HC. Post-prandial GLP secretion was positively correlated to insulin secretion indices, both in CD and MS. In CD, high-sensitive C reactive protein levels (hsCRP) and extra-cellular to intra-cellular water ratio (ECW/ICW), an index of cellular inflammation, were inversely correlated with stimulated GLP-1 (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively) levels. CONCLUSION CD is characterized by abnormal fasting and post-prandial GLP levels. Circulating GLP influences subclinical inflammation and glucose metabolism in CD patients, but not their body composition parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Lucotti
- First Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Lovati
- First Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Marco Vincenzo Lenti
- First Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Beatrice Valvo
- First Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Elisa Sprio
- First Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Nicola Aronico
- First Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Paolo Giuffrida
- First Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Dominica Dell'Aera
- First Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alessandra Pasini
- First Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Cristina Ubezio
- First Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Mariangela Delliponti
- First Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Carmine Tinelli
- Clinical Epidemiology and Biometric Unit, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Gino Roberto Corazza
- First Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Antonio Di Sabatino
- First Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
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Lenti MV, Aronico N, Pellegrino I, Boveri E, Giuffrida P, Borrelli de Andreis F, Morbini P, Vanelli L, Pasini A, Ubezio C, Melazzini F, Rascaroli A, Antoci V, Merli S, Di Terlizzi F, Sabatini U, Cambiè G, Tenore A, Picone C, Vanoli A, Arcaini L, Baldanti F, Paulli M, Corazza GR, Di Sabatino A. Depletion of circulating IgM memory B cells predicts unfavourable outcome in COVID-19. Sci Rep 2020; 10:20836. [PMID: 33257775 PMCID: PMC7705651 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77945-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Impaired immune responses have been hypothesised to be a possible trigger of unfavourable outcomes in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We aimed to characterise IgM memory B cells in patients with COVID-19 admitted to an internal medicine ward in Northern Italy. Overall, 66 COVID-19 patients (mean age 74 ± 16.6 years; 29 females) were enrolled. Three patients (4.5%; 1 female) had been splenectomised and were excluded from further analyses. Fifty-five patients (87.3%) had IgM memory B cell depletion, and 18 (28.6%) died during hospitalisation (cumulative incidence rate 9.26/100 person-week; 5.8-14.7 95% CI). All patients who died had IgM memory B cell depletion. A superimposed infection was found in 6 patients (9.5%), all of them having IgM memory B cell depletion (cumulative incidence rate 3.08/100 person-week; 1.3-6.8 95% CI). At bivariable analyses, older age, sex, number of comorbidities, and peripheral blood lymphocyte count < 1500/µl were not correlated with IgM memory B cell depletion. A discrete-to-marked reduction of the B-cell compartment was also noticed in autoptic spleen specimens of two COVID-19 patients. We conclude that IgM memory B cells are commonly depleted in COVID-19 patients and this correlates with increased mortality and superimposed infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Vincenzo Lenti
- Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Nicola Aronico
- Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Ivan Pellegrino
- Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Emanuela Boveri
- Anatomic Pathology Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Paolo Giuffrida
- Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Patrizia Morbini
- Anatomic Pathology Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Laura Vanelli
- Division of Hematology, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alessandra Pasini
- Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Cristina Ubezio
- Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Federica Melazzini
- Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Rascaroli
- Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Valentina Antoci
- Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Stefania Merli
- Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesco Di Terlizzi
- Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Umberto Sabatini
- Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Ginevra Cambiè
- Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Annamaria Tenore
- Division of Hematology, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Cristina Picone
- Division of Hematology, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Vanoli
- Anatomic Pathology Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Luca Arcaini
- Division of Hematology, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Fausto Baldanti
- Molecular Virology Unit, Microbiology and Virology Department, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Marco Paulli
- Anatomic Pathology Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Gino Roberto Corazza
- Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Antonio Di Sabatino
- Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
- Clinica Medica, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Università Di Pavia, Piazzale Golgi 19, 27100, Pavia, Italy.
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Neri G, Arpa G, Guerini C, Grillo F, Lenti MV, Giuffrida P, Furlan D, Sessa F, Quaquarini E, Viglio A, Ubezio C, Pasini A, Ferrero S, Sampietro G, Ardizzone S, Latella G, Mescoli C, Rugge M, Zingone F, Barresi V, Ciccocioppo R, Pedrazzoli P, Corazza GR, Luinetti O, Solcia E, Paulli M, Di Sabatino A, Vanoli A. Small Bowel Adenocarcinomas Featuring Special AT-Rich Sequence-Binding Protein 2 (SATB2) Expression and a Colorectal Cancer-Like Immunophenotype: A Potential Diagnostic Pitfall. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12113441. [PMID: 33228145 PMCID: PMC7699330 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Since small bowel adenocarcinoma may mimic a colorectal primary neoplasm histologically, it is pivotal to find biomarkers to discriminate these two biologically distinct neoplasms. The aim of our study was to evaluate the expression of special AT-rich sequence-binding protein 2 (SATB2), expressed in the vast majority of colorectal carcinomas, and other gastrointestinal phenotypic markers, such as cytokeratin 7, cytokeratin 20 and caudal type homeobox 2 (CDX2), in 100 small bowel adenocarcinomas. We identified 20 SATB2-positive small bowel adenocarcinomas, including nine sporadic cancers, seven celiac disease-associated cancers and four Crohn’s disease-associated small bowel adenocarcinomas. Six small bowel adenocarcinomas, including two cases associated with celiac disease and four sporadic, displayed a full colorectal carcinoma-like immunoprofile. Unlike SATB2, cytokeratin patterns stratified small bowel adenocarcinoma patient prognosis. The small bowel should be considered as one of the possible sites of origin in cancers of unknown primary, even when the neoplasm shows a colorectal carcinoma-like immunoprofile. Abstract Special AT-rich sequence-binding protein 2 (SATB2) is a transcription factor expressed by colonic cryptic epithelium and epithelial neoplasms of the lower gastrointestinal (GI) tract, as well as by small bowel adenocarcinomas (SBAs), though at a lower rate. Nevertheless, up to now, only small SBA series, often including a very limited number of Crohn’s disease-associated SBAs (CrD-SBAs) and celiac disease-associated SBAs (CD-SBA), have been investigated for SATB2 expression. We evaluated the expression of SATB2 and other GI phenotypic markers (cytokeratin (CK) 7 and CK20, caudal type homeobox 2 (CDX2) and alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase (AMACR)), as well as mismatch repair (MMR) proteins, in 100 SBAs, encompassing 34 CrD-SBAs, 28 CD-SBAs and 38 sporadic cases (Spo-SBAs). Any mutual association and correlation with other clinico-pathologic features, including patient prognosis, were searched. Twenty (20%) SATB2-positive SBAs (4 CrD-SBAs, 7 CD-SBAs and 9 Spo-SBAs) were identified. The prevalence of SATB2 positivity was lower in CrD-SBA (12%) in comparison with both CD-SBAs (25%) and Spo-SBAs (24%). Interestingly, six SBAs (two CD-SBAs and four Spo-SBAs) displayed a full colorectal carcinoma (CRC)-like immunoprofile (CK7−/CK20+/CDX2+/AMACR+/SATB2+); none of them was a CrD-SBA. No association between SATB2 expression and MMR status was observed. Although SATB2-positive SBA patients showed a more favorable outcome in comparison with SATB2-negative ones, the difference did not reach statistical significance. When cancers were stratified according to CK7/CK20 expression patterns, we found that CK7−/CK20- SBAs were enriched with MMR-deficient cases (71%) and patients with CK7−/CK20− or CK7−/CK20+ SBAs had a significantly better survival rate compared to those with CK7+/CK20− or CK7+/CK20+ cancers (p = 0.002). To conclude, we identified a small (6%) subset of SBAs featuring a full CRC-like immunoprofile, representing a potential diagnostic pitfall in attempts to identify the site of origin of neoplasms of unknown primary site. In contrast with data on colorectal carcinoma, SATB2 expression is not associated with MMR status in SBAs. CK patterns influence patient survival, as CK7−/CK20− cancers show better prognosis, a behavior possibly due to the high rate of MMR-deficient SBAs within this subgroup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Neri
- Anatomic Pathology Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia and Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Lombardy, Italy; (G.N.); (G.A.); (C.G.); (A.V.); (O.L.); (E.S.); (M.P.)
| | - Giovanni Arpa
- Anatomic Pathology Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia and Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Lombardy, Italy; (G.N.); (G.A.); (C.G.); (A.V.); (O.L.); (E.S.); (M.P.)
| | - Camilla Guerini
- Anatomic Pathology Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia and Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Lombardy, Italy; (G.N.); (G.A.); (C.G.); (A.V.); (O.L.); (E.S.); (M.P.)
| | - Federica Grillo
- Pathology Unit, Department of Surgical and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Genoa and Ospedale Policlinico San Martino University Hospital, 16132 Genoa, Liguria, Italy;
| | - Marco Vincenzo Lenti
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia and Fondazione IRCCS San Matteo Hospital, 27100 Pavia, Lombardy, Italy; (M.V.L.); (P.G.); (C.U.); (A.P.); (P.P.); (G.R.C.); (A.D.S.)
| | - Paolo Giuffrida
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia and Fondazione IRCCS San Matteo Hospital, 27100 Pavia, Lombardy, Italy; (M.V.L.); (P.G.); (C.U.); (A.P.); (P.P.); (G.R.C.); (A.D.S.)
| | - Daniela Furlan
- Pathology Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Lombardy, Italy; (D.F.); (F.S.)
| | - Fausto Sessa
- Pathology Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Lombardy, Italy; (D.F.); (F.S.)
| | - Erica Quaquarini
- Medical Oncology Unit, IRCCS ICS Maugeri and Experimental Medicine School, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Lombardy, Italy;
| | - Alessandra Viglio
- Anatomic Pathology Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia and Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Lombardy, Italy; (G.N.); (G.A.); (C.G.); (A.V.); (O.L.); (E.S.); (M.P.)
| | - Cristina Ubezio
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia and Fondazione IRCCS San Matteo Hospital, 27100 Pavia, Lombardy, Italy; (M.V.L.); (P.G.); (C.U.); (A.P.); (P.P.); (G.R.C.); (A.D.S.)
| | - Alessandra Pasini
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia and Fondazione IRCCS San Matteo Hospital, 27100 Pavia, Lombardy, Italy; (M.V.L.); (P.G.); (C.U.); (A.P.); (P.P.); (G.R.C.); (A.D.S.)
| | - Stefano Ferrero
- Division of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Lombardy, Italy;
| | | | - Sandro Ardizzone
- Gastroenterology Unit, Luigi Sacco University Hospital, 20157 Milan, Lombardy, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Latella
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Abruzzo, Italy;
| | - Claudia Mescoli
- Pathology Unit, Department of Medicine DIMED, University of Padua, 35121 Padova, Veneto, Italy; (C.M.); (M.R.)
| | - Massimo Rugge
- Pathology Unit, Department of Medicine DIMED, University of Padua, 35121 Padova, Veneto, Italy; (C.M.); (M.R.)
- Veneto Tumor Registry, 35121 Padova, Veneto, Italy
| | - Fabiana Zingone
- Gastroenterology Section, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padua, 35128 Padua, Veneto, Italy;
| | - Valeria Barresi
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Anatomical Pathology, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, 37126 Verona, Veneto, Italy;
| | - Rachele Ciccocioppo
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medicine, AOUI Policlinico G.B. Rossi, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Veneto, Italy;
| | - Paolo Pedrazzoli
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia and Fondazione IRCCS San Matteo Hospital, 27100 Pavia, Lombardy, Italy; (M.V.L.); (P.G.); (C.U.); (A.P.); (P.P.); (G.R.C.); (A.D.S.)
- Oncology Unit, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital, 27100 Pavia, Lombardy, Italy
| | - Gino Roberto Corazza
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia and Fondazione IRCCS San Matteo Hospital, 27100 Pavia, Lombardy, Italy; (M.V.L.); (P.G.); (C.U.); (A.P.); (P.P.); (G.R.C.); (A.D.S.)
| | - Ombretta Luinetti
- Anatomic Pathology Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia and Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Lombardy, Italy; (G.N.); (G.A.); (C.G.); (A.V.); (O.L.); (E.S.); (M.P.)
| | - Enrico Solcia
- Anatomic Pathology Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia and Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Lombardy, Italy; (G.N.); (G.A.); (C.G.); (A.V.); (O.L.); (E.S.); (M.P.)
| | - Marco Paulli
- Anatomic Pathology Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia and Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Lombardy, Italy; (G.N.); (G.A.); (C.G.); (A.V.); (O.L.); (E.S.); (M.P.)
| | - Antonio Di Sabatino
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia and Fondazione IRCCS San Matteo Hospital, 27100 Pavia, Lombardy, Italy; (M.V.L.); (P.G.); (C.U.); (A.P.); (P.P.); (G.R.C.); (A.D.S.)
| | - Alessandro Vanoli
- Anatomic Pathology Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia and Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Lombardy, Italy; (G.N.); (G.A.); (C.G.); (A.V.); (O.L.); (E.S.); (M.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0382503612
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7
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Abstract
Embolic metastases to the endometrium are unusual, especially from extragenital cancers. Metastases in the uterine corpus are generally detected at autospy. We describe a patient with abnormal vaginal bleeding in whom endometrial metastases from an inoperable gastric tumor were discovered in hysteroscopic biopsy specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pasini
- Deparment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Valduce Hospital, Como, Italy
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Stecca CS, Bueno AF, Pasini A, Silva DM, Andrade K, Zirondi Filho DM. Impact of Insecticides Used in Soybean Crops to the Egg Parasitoid Telenomus podisi (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae). Neotrop Entomol 2018; 47:281-291. [PMID: 28823094 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-017-0552-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate possible side effects of insecticides used in soybean crops on pupae and adults of the egg parasitoid Telenomus podisi Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae) under laboratory conditions. The protocol was adapted from standard methodology stablished by the Pesticides and Beneficial Organisms Working Group of the International Organization for Biological and integrated Control (IOBC) for Trichogramma cacoeciae (Marchal) (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae). All tested benzoylureas, diacylhydrazines, diamides and spinosins as well as pyrethroid beta-cyfluthrin were harmless to T. podisi pupae and adults, and therefore, can be used in IPM without damage to this biological control agent. The tested organophosphate, pyrethroids (except beta-cyfluthrin) and its combinations with either neonicotinoids or diamides triggered deleterious effects on at least one of the life stages of the parasitoid and should, whenever possible, be replaced by other insecticides more selective to natural enemies.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Stecca
- Univ Estadual de Londrina - UEL, Londrina, Paraná, Brasil
| | - A F Bueno
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária - Embrapa Soja, Londrina, Paraná, Brasil
| | - A Pasini
- Univ Estadual de Londrina - UEL, Londrina, Paraná, Brasil
| | - D M Silva
- Instituto Agrônomico do Paraná - IAPAR, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, km 375, Caixa Postal 481, 86047-902, Londrina, Paraná, Brasil.
| | - K Andrade
- Univ Estadual de Londrina - UEL, Londrina, Paraná, Brasil
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9
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Hata FT, Silva JEP, Ventura MU, Pasini A, Roggia S. First Report of Raoiella indica (Hirst) (Acari: Tenuipalpide) in Southern Brazil. Neotrop Entomol 2017; 46:356-359. [PMID: 27888444 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-016-0468-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The red palm mite (RPM), Raoiella indica (Hirst) (Acari: Tenuipalpidae), was found for the first time in the Paraná State, in southern Brazil. The first observations occurred in September 2015, on strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch) leaves, which is not considered a typical host plant of RPM. It is probable that its occurrence on this plant was serendipitous. Visual surveys for RPM were carried out on four typical host plants (banana, coconut, foxtail palm, and real palm), in five cities of the Paraná State (Bela Vista do Paraíso, Londrina, Maringá, Marialva, and Sarandi). RPM was found on each of the four typical host plants, in each of the five cities. Our survey extends RPM occurrence to the southern region of Brazil and indicates that the pest could be widespread in the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- F T Hata
- Depto de Agronomia, Univ Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, PR 445, Km 380, Campus Univ, Londrina, PR, 86051-990, Brasil.
| | - J E P Silva
- Depto de Agronomia, Univ Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, PR 445, Km 380, Campus Univ, Londrina, PR, 86051-990, Brasil
| | - M U Ventura
- Depto de Agronomia, Univ Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, PR 445, Km 380, Campus Univ, Londrina, PR, 86051-990, Brasil
| | - A Pasini
- Depto de Agronomia, Univ Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, PR 445, Km 380, Campus Univ, Londrina, PR, 86051-990, Brasil
| | - S Roggia
- Embrapa Soja, Londrina, PR, Brasil
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10
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Fallerini C, Baldassarri M, Trevisson E, Morbidoni V, La Manna A, Lazzarin R, Pasini A, Barbano G, Pinciaroli AR, Garosi G, Frullanti E, Pinto AM, Mencarelli MA, Mari F, Renieri A, Ariani F. Alport syndrome: impact of digenic inheritance in patients management. Clin Genet 2017; 92:34-44. [PMID: 27859054 DOI: 10.1111/cge.12919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Revised: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Alport syndrome (ATS) is a genetically heterogeneous nephropathy with considerable phenotypic variability and different transmission patterns, including monogenic (X-linked/autosomal) and digenic inheritance (DI). Here we present a new series of families with DI and we discuss the consequences for genetic counseling and risk assessment. Out of five families harboring variants in more than one COL4 gene detected by next generation sequencing (NGS), minigene-splicing assay allowed us to identify four as true digenic. Two families showed COL4A3/A4 mutations in cis, mimicking an autosomal dominant inheritance with a more severe phenotype and one showed COL4A3/A4 mutations in trans, mimicking an autosomal recessive inheritance with a less severe phenotype. In a fourth family, a de novo mutation (COL4A5) combined with an inherited mutation (COL4A3) triggered a more severe phenotype. A fifth family, predicted digenic on the basis of silico tools, rather showed monogenic X-linked inheritance due to a hypomorphic mutation, in accordance with a milder phenotype. In conclusion, this study highlights the impact of DI in ATS and explains the associated atypical presentations. More complex inheritance should be therefore considered when reviewing prognosis and recurrence risks. On the other side, these findings emphasize the importance to accompany NGS with splicing assays in order to avoid erroneous identification of at risk members.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Fallerini
- Medical Genetics, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - M Baldassarri
- Medical Genetics, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.,Genetica Medica, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
| | - E Trevisson
- Department of Woman and Child Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Istituto di Ricerca Pediatria, IRP, Città della Speranza, Padova, Italy
| | - V Morbidoni
- Department of Woman and Child Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Istituto di Ricerca Pediatria, IRP, Città della Speranza, Padova, Italy
| | - A La Manna
- Department of Pediatrics, Second University of Napoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - R Lazzarin
- Nephrology and Dialysis, Ospedale San Giacomo Apostolo, Castelfranco Veneto, Italy
| | - A Pasini
- Nephrology and Pediatric Dialysis, Ospedale S. Orsola Malpighi, Bologna, Italy
| | - G Barbano
- Renal immunopathology, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - A R Pinciaroli
- Nephrology and Dialysis, Azienda Ospedaliera Pugliese Ciaccio, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - G Garosi
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
| | - E Frullanti
- Medical Genetics, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - A M Pinto
- Medical Genetics, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.,Genetica Medica, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
| | - M A Mencarelli
- Genetica Medica, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
| | - F Mari
- Medical Genetics, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.,Genetica Medica, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
| | - A Renieri
- Medical Genetics, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.,Genetica Medica, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
| | - F Ariani
- Medical Genetics, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.,Genetica Medica, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena, Italy
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11
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Brand OJ, Pasini A, Habgood A, Knox AJ, Jenkins G, Pang L. S52 Suberanilohydroxamic acid (SAHA) inhibits collagen deposition in a transforming growth factor β1-driven precision cut lung slice (PCLS) model of pulmonary fibrosis. Thorax 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2016-209333.58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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12
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Pasini A, Brand OJ, Jenkins G, Knox AJ, Pang L. S53 Effect of epigenetic inhibitors on lung fibroblast phenotype change in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Thorax 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2016-209333.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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13
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Biancheri P, Di Sabatino A, Rescigno M, Giuffrida P, Fornasa G, Tsilingiri K, Pender SLF, Papadia C, Wood E, Pasini A, Ubezio C, Vanoli A, Forbes A, MacDonald TT, Corazza GR. Abnormal thymic stromal lymphopoietin expression in the duodenal mucosa of patients with coeliac disease. Gut 2016; 65:1670-80. [PMID: 26342013 PMCID: PMC5036244 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2014-308876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The short isoform of thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), a cytokine constitutively expressed by epithelial cells, is crucial in preserving immune tolerance in the gut. TSLP deficiency has been implicated in sustaining intestinal damage in Crohn's disease. We explored mucosal TSLP expression and function in refractory and uncomplicated coeliac disease (CD), a T-cell-mediated enteropathy induced by gluten in genetically susceptible individuals. DESIGN TSLP isoforms-long and short-and receptors-TSLPR and interleukin (IL)-7Rα-were assessed by immunofluorescence, immunoblotting and qRT-PCR in the duodenum of untreated, treated, potential and refractory patients with CD. The ability of the serine protease furin or CD biopsy supernatants to cleave TSLP was evaluated by immunoblotting. The production of interferon (IFN)-γ and IL-8 by untreated CD biopsies cultured ex vivo with TSLP isoforms was also assessed. RESULTS Mucosal TSLP, but not TSLPR and IL-7Rα, was reduced in untreated CD and refractory CD in comparison to treated CD, potential CD and controls. Transcripts of both TSLP isoforms were decreased in active CD mucosa. Furin, which was overexpressed in active CD biopsies, was able to cleave TSLP in vitro. Accordingly, refractory and untreated CD supernatants showed higher TSLP-degrading capacity in comparison to treated CD and control supernatants. In our ex vivo model, both TSLP isoforms significantly downregulated IFN-γ and IL-8 production by untreated CD biopsies. CONCLUSIONS Reduced mucosal TSLP expression may contribute to intestinal damage in refractory and untreated CD. Further studies are needed to verify whether restoring TSLP might be therapeutically useful especially in refractory patients with CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Biancheri
- First Department of Internal Medicine, St Matteo Hospital, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy,Centre for Immunobiology, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, UK
| | - Antonio Di Sabatino
- First Department of Internal Medicine, St Matteo Hospital, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Maria Rescigno
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Giuffrida
- First Department of Internal Medicine, St Matteo Hospital, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy,Centre for Immunobiology, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, UK
| | - Giulia Fornasa
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Katerina Tsilingiri
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Cinzia Papadia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Eleanor Wood
- Academic Department of Medical and Surgical Gastroenterology, Homerton University Hospital, London, UK
| | - Alessandra Pasini
- First Department of Internal Medicine, St Matteo Hospital, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Cristina Ubezio
- First Department of Internal Medicine, St Matteo Hospital, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Vanoli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, St Matteo Hospital, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alastair Forbes
- Department of Gastroenterology, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Thomas T MacDonald
- Centre for Immunobiology, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, UK
| | - Gino R Corazza
- First Department of Internal Medicine, St Matteo Hospital, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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14
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Bergamaschi G, Di Sabatino A, Pasini A, Ubezio C, Costanzo F, Grataroli D, Masotti M, Alvisi C, Corazza GR. Intestinal expression of genes implicated in iron absorption and their regulation by hepcidin. Clin Nutr 2016; 36:1427-1433. [PMID: 27729173 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2016.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Revised: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Through inhibition of iron absorption and iron mobilization from tissue stores, hepcidin exerts a negative control on iron homeostasis. Hepcidin, in fact, promotes the degradation of ferroportin (Fpn1), the iron exporter molecule expressed on the membrane of hepatocytes and macrophages, thus preventing iron release from cells to plasma. Hepcidin effects on enterocytes, however, are less clear. Aim of the present study was to further investigate the regulation of iron absorption by hepcidin. METHODS The transcriptional response of human duodenal mucosa to hepcidin was investigated using organ cultures of duodenal biopsies perendoscopically collected from healthy controls. Biopsies were cultured for 4 h with or without hepcidin-25 and were then assayed for the expression of iron-related genes. RESULTS In samples that had not been exposed to hepcidin, correlations were found between the expression of genes involved in iron absorption: DMT1, Fpn1, Dcytb and HCP1. In ex vivo experiments hepcidin down-regulated mRNA levels of the iron transporters Fpn1, and DMT1, of the ferric reductase Dcytb, of the ferroxidase hephaestin, and of the putative heme carrier protein HCP1. CONCLUSIONS Through the reported transcriptional changes hepcidin can modulate several steps of the iron absorption process, including the reduction of dietary iron by Dcytb, its uptake by enterocytes through DMT1, the mucosal uptake of heme iron by HCP1, and enterocyte iron release to plasma by Fpn1 in conjunction with hephaestin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaetano Bergamaschi
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia Medical School, and Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Antonio Di Sabatino
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia Medical School, and Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Pasini
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia Medical School, and Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Cristina Ubezio
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia Medical School, and Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Filippo Costanzo
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia Medical School, and Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Davide Grataroli
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia Medical School, and Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Michela Masotti
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia Medical School, and Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Costanza Alvisi
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia Medical School, and Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Gino R Corazza
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia Medical School, and Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
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Campos TA, Ueda TE, Zirondi DM, Bortolotto OC, Pasini A, Morales MN. First report of Toxomerus dispar (Fabricius, 1794) (Diptera: Syrphidae) preying Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith, 1797) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in laboratory. BRAZ J BIOL 2016; 77:420-421. [PMID: 27579978 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.18315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- T A Campos
- Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina - UEL, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Pr 445m 380, CP 10011, CEP 86057-970, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - T E Ueda
- Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina - UEL, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Pr 445m 380, CP 10011, CEP 86057-970, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - D M Zirondi
- Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina - UEL, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Pr 445m 380, CP 10011, CEP 86057-970, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - O C Bortolotto
- Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina - UEL, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Pr 445m 380, CP 10011, CEP 86057-970, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - A Pasini
- Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina - UEL, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Pr 445m 380, CP 10011, CEP 86057-970, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - M N Morales
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Lavras - UFLA, CP 3037, CEP 37200-000, Lavras, MG, Brazil
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16
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Di Sabatino A, Giuffrida P, Fornasa G, Salvatore C, Vanoli A, Naviglio S, De Leo L, Pasini A, De Amici M, Alvisi C, Not T, Rescigno M, Corazza GR. Innate and adaptive immunity in self-reported nonceliac gluten sensitivity versus celiac disease. Dig Liver Dis 2016; 48:745-52. [PMID: 27130911 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2016.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2015] [Revised: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune mechanisms have been implicated in nonceliac gluten sensitivity (NCGS), a condition characterized by intestinal and/or extraintestinal symptoms caused by the ingestion of gluten in non-celiac/non-wheat allergic individuals. AIMS We investigated innate and adaptive immunity in self-reported NCGS versus celiac disease (CD). METHODS In the supernatants of ex vivo-cultured duodenal biopsies from 14 self-reported NCGS patients, 9 untreated and 10 treated CD patients, and 12 controls we detected innate cytokines - interleukin (IL)-15, tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12p70, IL-23, IL-27, IL-32α, thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), IFN-α-, adaptive cytokines - interferon (IFN)-γ, IL-17A, IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, IL-13-, chemokines - IL-8, CCL1, CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CCL5, CXCL1, CXCL10-, granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) and granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF). RESULTS Mucosal innate and adaptive cytokines, chemokines and growth factors did not differ between self-reported NCGS, treated CD and controls. On the contrary, IL-6, IL-15, IL-27, IFN-α, IFN-γ, IL-17A, IL-23, G-CSF, GM-CSF, IL-8, CCL1 and CCL4 were significantly higher in untreated CD than in self-reported NCGS, treated CD and controls, while TSLP was significantly lower in untreated CD than in self-reported NCGS, treated CD and controls. CONCLUSION In our hands, patients with self-reported NCGS showed no abnormalities of the mucosal immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Di Sabatino
- Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Paolo Giuffrida
- Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giulia Fornasa
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Salvatore
- Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Vanoli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, San Matteo Hospital, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Samuele Naviglio
- Department of Medicine, Surgery, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Luigina De Leo
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - Alessandra Pasini
- Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Mara De Amici
- Department of Pediatrics, San Matteo Hospital, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Costanza Alvisi
- Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Tarcisio Not
- Department of Medicine, Surgery, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy; Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - Maria Rescigno
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Gino Roberto Corazza
- Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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17
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Cuzzoni E, De Iudicibus S, Stocco G, Favretto D, Pelin M, Messina G, Ghio L, Monti E, Pasini A, Montini G, Decorti G. In vitro sensitivity to methyl-prednisolone is associated with clinical response in pediatric idiopathic nephrotic syndrome. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2016; 100:268-74. [PMID: 27007551 DOI: 10.1002/cpt.372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Revised: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro steroid sensitivity as a predictor of clinical response to glucocorticoids in childhood idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS). Seventy-four patients (median age 4.33, interquartile range [IQR] 2.82-7.23; 63.5% male) were enrolled in a prospective multicenter study: in vitro steroid inhibition of patients' peripheral blood mononuclear cell proliferation was evaluated by [methyl-(3) H] thymidine incorporation assay at disease onset (T0) and after 4 weeks (T4) of treatment. Steroid dependence was associated with increased in vitro sensitivity at T4 assessed both as drug concentration inducing 50% of inhibition (IC50 ; odds ratio [OR] = 0.48, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.24-0.85; P = 0.0094) and maximum inhibition at the highest drug concentration (Imax ; OR = 1.13, 95% CI = 1.02-1.31; P = 0.017). IC50 > 4.4 nM and Imax < 92% at T4 were good predictors for optimal clinical response. These results suggest that this test may be useful for predicting the response to glucocorticoid therapy in pediatric INS.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Cuzzoni
- PhD, School in Sciences of Reproduction and Development, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - S De Iudicibus
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - G Stocco
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - D Favretto
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - M Pelin
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - G Messina
- Policlinico Giovanni XIII di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - L Ghio
- Pediatric Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - E Monti
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Bologna, Italy
| | - A Pasini
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Bologna, Italy
| | - G Montini
- Pediatric Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - G Decorti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
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18
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Stecca CS, Bueno AF, Pasini A, Silva DM, Andrade K, Filho DMZ. Side-Effects of Glyphosate to the Parasitoid Telenomus remus Nixon (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae). Neotrop Entomol 2016; 45:192-200. [PMID: 26842914 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-016-0363-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the side-effects of glyphosate to the parasitoid Telenomus remus Nixon (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae) when parasitoids were exposed to this chemical at the pupal (inside host eggs) and adult stages. Bioassays were conducted under laboratory conditions according to the International Organization for Biological Control (IOBC) standard methods for testing side-effects of pesticides to egg parasitoids. Different glyphosate-based pesticides (Roundup Original®, Roundup Ready®, Roundup Transorb®, Roundup WG®, and Zapp Qi®) were tested at the same acid equivalent concentration. Treatments were classified following the IOBC toxicity categories as (1) harmless, (2) slightly harmful, (3) moderately harmful, and (4) harmful. When tested against T. remus adults, Roundup Original®, Roundup Ready®, Roundup Transorb®, and Roundup WG® reduced parasitism 2 days after parasitoid emergence, being classified as slightly harmful. Differently, when tested against T. remus pupae, all tested glyphosate-based products did not differ in their lethal effect and therefore did not reduce T. remus adult emergence or parasitism capacity, being classified as harmless. However, differences on sublethal toxicity were found. Parasitism of individuals emerging from parasitized eggs sprayed at the pupal stage of T. remus with Zapp Qi® was lower compared to control, but parasitism was still higher than 66%, and therefore, Zapp Qi® was still classified as harmless. In conclusion, all tested glyphosate-based products can be used in agriculture without negative impact to T. remus as none was classified as harmful or moderately harmful to this parasitoid when exposure occurred at the pupal or adult stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Stecca
- Univ Estadual de Londrina - UEL, Londrina, PR, Brasil
| | - A F Bueno
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária - Embrapa Soja, Rod. Carlos João Strass - Distrito de Warta, Caxia Postal 231, 86001-970, Londrina, PR, Brasil.
| | - A Pasini
- Univ Estadual de Londrina - UEL, Londrina, PR, Brasil
| | - D M Silva
- Instituto Agrônomico do Paraná - IAPAR, Londrina, PR, Brasil
| | - K Andrade
- Univ Estadual de Londrina - UEL, Londrina, PR, Brasil
| | - D M Z Filho
- Univ Estadual de Londrina - UEL, Londrina, PR, Brasil
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19
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Affiliation(s)
- R Tazzari
- Clinica Pediatrica I, Università di Bologna, Italia
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20
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Mozzini C, Garbin U, Stranieri C, Pasini A, Solani E, Tinelli IA, Cominacini L, Fratta Pasini AM. Endoplasmic reticulum stress and Nrf2 repression in circulating cells of type 2 diabetic patients without the recommended glycemic goals. Free Radic Res 2015; 49:244-52. [PMID: 25511473 DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2014.997229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress plays a role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), with activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) and ER apoptosis in β-cells. The aim of the study is investigating the role of the prolonged glycemic, inflammatory, and oxidative impairment as possible UPR and ER apoptosis inductors in triggering the ER stress response and the protective nuclear erythroid-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/antioxidant-related element (ARE) activation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of T2DM patients without glycemic target. Oxidative stress markers (oxidation product of phospholipid 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylcholine [oxPAPC], and malondialdehyde [MDA]), the UPR and ER apoptosis, the activation of the pro-inflammatory nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) with its inhibitory protein inhibitor-kBα, and the expression of the protective Nrf2 and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) were evaluated in PBMC of 15 T2DM patients and 15 healthy controls (C). OxPAPC concentrations (in PBMC and plasma), MDA levels (in plasma), the expressions of the glucose-regulated protein 78 kDa (or BiP) as representative of UPR, and of the CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein as representative of ER apoptosis were significantly higher (p < 0.01) in T2DM with respect to C. IkBα expression was significantly lower (p < 0.01) in T2DM as well as Nrf2 and HO-1. In vitro experiments demonstrated that hyperglycemic conditions, if prolonged, were NF-kB inductors, without a corresponding Nrf2/ARE response. In PBMC of T2DM without glycemic target achievement, there is an activation of the UPR and of the ER apoptosis, which may be related to the chronic exposure to hyperglycemia, to the augmented inflammation, and to the augmented oxidative stress, without a corresponding Nrf2/ARE defense activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Mozzini
- Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, University of Verona , Verona , Italy
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21
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Pasini A, Bracaglia C, Aceti A, Vivarelli M, Lavacchini A, Miniaci A, De Benedetti F, Montini G. Renal involvement in hypocomplementaemic urticarial vasculitis syndrome: a report of three paediatric cases. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2014; 53:1409-1413. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keu023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
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22
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Di Sabatino A, Giuffrida P, Vanoli A, Luinetti O, Manca R, Biancheri P, Bergamaschi G, Alvisi C, Pasini A, Salvatore C, Biagi F, Solcia E, Corazza GR. Increase in neuroendocrine cells in the duodenal mucosa of patients with refractory celiac disease. Am J Gastroenterol 2014; 109:258-69. [PMID: 24394748 DOI: 10.1038/ajg.2013.426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2013] [Accepted: 11/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Several immune-mediated gastrointestinal disorders, including celiac disease (CD), are associated with neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia. However, neuroendocrine cells have never been explored in refractory CD (RCD). METHODS Serial duodenal sections from 17 patients with RCD (6 type 1 and 11 type 2), 16 uncomplicated CD patients before and after gluten-free diet, 14 patients with potential CD, 27 patients with non-CD villous atrophy, i.e., common variable immunodeficiency (n=12), Whipple's disease (n=10) and giardiasis (n=5), and 16 healthy subjects were processed for the immunohistochemical detection of chromogranin A (CgA), serotonin, and somatostatin. Mucosal tryptophan hydroxylase (TpH)-1 and serotonin-selective reuptake transporter (SERT) transcripts were measured by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR. Serum CgA and 24-h urine 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) were assessed. Biopsies from treated CD patients were cultured with serotonin or peptic tryptic digest of gliadin (PT-gliadin), and interferon (IFN)-γ was detected by ELISA in culture supernatants. RESULTS Epithelial cells positive for CgA and serotonin, but not somatostatin, were significantly increased in RCD. Raised mucosal transcripts of TpH-1, but not SERT, were found in RCD. On biopsies from treated CD patients, serotonin upregulated IFN-γ production at levels comparable to those induced by PT-gliadin. Serum CgA, but not urine 5-HIAA, was increased in RCD. No significant difference was found between RCD type 1 and type 2 in terms of neuroendocrine cells, mucosal TpH-1 transcripts, and serum CgA. CONCLUSIONS Serotonin-producing neuroendocrine cells are increased in RCD mucosa. IFN-γ upregulation induced by serotonin suggests that this monoamine may have a role in sustaining the local inflammatory response in CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Di Sabatino
- First Department of Medicine, Celiac Centre, St. Matteo Hospital, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Paolo Giuffrida
- First Department of Medicine, Celiac Centre, St. Matteo Hospital, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Vanoli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, St. Matteo Hospital, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Ombretta Luinetti
- Department of Molecular Medicine, St. Matteo Hospital, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Rachele Manca
- Department of Molecular Medicine, St. Matteo Hospital, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Paolo Biancheri
- First Department of Medicine, Celiac Centre, St. Matteo Hospital, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Gaetano Bergamaschi
- First Department of Medicine, Celiac Centre, St. Matteo Hospital, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Costanza Alvisi
- First Department of Medicine, Celiac Centre, St. Matteo Hospital, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alessandra Pasini
- First Department of Medicine, Celiac Centre, St. Matteo Hospital, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Chiara Salvatore
- First Department of Medicine, Celiac Centre, St. Matteo Hospital, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Federico Biagi
- First Department of Medicine, Celiac Centre, St. Matteo Hospital, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Enrico Solcia
- Department of Molecular Medicine, St. Matteo Hospital, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Gino Roberto Corazza
- First Department of Medicine, Celiac Centre, St. Matteo Hospital, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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23
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Bracaglia C, Aceti A, Vivarelli M, Insalaco A, Pardeo M, Nicolai R, De Benedetti F, Pasini A. PReS-FINAL-2359: Renal involvement in hypocomplementemic urticarial vasculitis syndrome (huvs): report of 3 paediatric cases. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J 2013. [PMCID: PMC4045122 DOI: 10.1186/1546-0096-11-s2-p349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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24
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Biancheri P, Pender SL, Ammoscato F, Giuffrida P, Sampietro G, Ardizzone S, Ghanbari A, Curciarello R, Pasini A, Monteleone G, Corazza GR, Macdonald TT, Di Sabatino A. The role of interleukin 17 in Crohn's disease-associated intestinal fibrosis. Fibrogenesis Tissue Repair 2013; 6:13. [PMID: 23834907 PMCID: PMC3733737 DOI: 10.1186/1755-1536-6-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2013] [Accepted: 06/13/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Interleukin (IL)-17A and IL-17E (also known as IL-25) have been implicated in fibrosis in various tissues. However, the role of these cytokines in the development of intestinal strictures in Crohn’s disease (CD) has not been explored. We investigated the levels of IL-17A and IL-17E and their receptors in CD strictured and non-strictured gut, and the effects of IL-17A and IL-17E on CD myofibroblasts. Results IL-17A was significantly overexpressed in strictured compared with non-strictured CD tissues, whereas no significant difference was found in the expression of IL-17E or IL-17A and IL-17E receptors (IL-17RC and IL-17RB, respectively) in strictured and non-strictured CD areas. Strictured CD explants released significantly higher amounts of IL-17A than non-strictured explants, whereas no difference was found as for IL-17E, IL-6, or tumor necrosis factor-α production. IL-17A, but not IL-17E, significantly inhibited myofibroblast migration, and also significantly upregulated matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-3, MMP-12, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 and collagen production by myofibroblasts from strictured CD tissues. Conclusions Our results suggest that IL-17A, but not IL-17E, is pro-fibrotic in CD. Further studies are needed to clarify whether the therapeutic blockade of IL-17A through the anti-IL-17A monoclonal antibody secukinumab is able to counteract the fibrogenic process in CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Biancheri
- Centre for Immunology and Infectious Disease, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, UK.
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25
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Pasini A, Sinibaldi L, Paloscia C, Douzgou S, Pitzianti MB, Romeo E, Curatolo P, Pizzuti A. Neurocognitive effects of methylphenidate on ADHD children with different DAT genotypes: a longitudinal open label trial. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2013; 17:407-14. [PMID: 23541676 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2013.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2012] [Revised: 11/10/2012] [Accepted: 02/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The variable number of tandem repeat polymorphism in the 3'-untranslated region of the dopamine transporter gene (DAT) may influence the variability of the therapeutic response to methylphenidate (MPH) in Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). For this reason we evaluated the neuropsychological functioning after a prolonged period of MPH treatment and after a specific time from MPH suspension. Relationship between DAT VNTR genotypes and neurocognitive response to MPH was analyzed in a sample of 108 drug-naive ADHD patients. The performance of children with ADHD on measures of working memory, inhibition and planning was assessed at 4, 8 and 24 weeks and at 8 weeks after MPH withdrawal. Patients with 9/9 genotype evidenced an improvement in response inhibition and working memory only at 4 weeks of treatment, in planning at 24 weeks of therapy and after 8 weeks of MPH suspension. Patients with 9/10 showed an improvement in response inhibition at 4, 8 and 24 weeks of treatment, in planning at 24 weeks and after 8 weeks of MPH suspension. Patients with 10/10 evidenced an improvement in response inhibition and working memory at 4, 8 and 24 weeks of treatment and in planning at 4, 8 and 24 weeks of treatment and after 8 weeks of suspension. These results indicate that the 9/9 ADHD genotype has a different response at 24 weeks treatment with MPH. 10/10 DAT allele seems to be associated with an increased expression level of the dopamine transporter and seems to mediate the MPH treatment response in ADHD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pasini
- Division of Child Neuropsychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Alberico 2 n.35, 00193 Rome, Italy.
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26
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Battista N, Di Sabatino A, Di Tommaso M, Biancheri P, Rapino C, Giuffrida P, Papadia C, Montana C, Pasini A, Vanoli A, Lanzarotto F, Villanacci V, Corazza GR, Maccarrone M. Altered expression of type-1 and type-2 cannabinoid receptors in celiac disease. PLoS One 2013; 8:e62078. [PMID: 23620805 PMCID: PMC3631143 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0062078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2012] [Accepted: 03/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Anandamide (AEA) is the prominent member of the endocannabinoid family and its biological action is mediated through the binding to both type-1 (CB1) and type-2 (CB2) cannabinoid receptors (CBR). The presence of AEA and CBR in the gastrointestinal tract highlighted their pathophysiological role in several gut diseases, including celiac disease. Here, we aimed to investigate the expression of CBR at transcriptional and translational levels in the duodenal mucosa of untreated celiac patients, celiac patients on a gluten-free diet for at least 12 months and control subjects. Also biopsies from treated celiac patients cultured ex vivo with peptic-tryptic digest of gliadin were investigated. Our data show higher levels of both CB1 and CB2 receptors during active disease and normal CBR levels in treated celiac patients. In conclusion, we demonstrate an up-regulation of CB1 and CB2 mRNA and protein expression, that points to the therapeutic potential of targeting CBR in patients with celiac disease.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Celiac Disease/drug therapy
- Celiac Disease/genetics
- Celiac Disease/metabolism
- Celiac Disease/pathology
- Female
- Fluorescent Antibody Technique
- Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects
- Gliadin/pharmacology
- Humans
- Intestinal Mucosa/drug effects
- Intestinal Mucosa/metabolism
- Intestinal Mucosa/pathology
- Male
- Microscopy, Confocal
- Protein Binding/drug effects
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1/genetics
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1/metabolism
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2/genetics
- Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Battista
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy.
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27
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Abstract
Sex is a costly form of reproduction compared with parthenogenesis, but sex persists because of the more resistant and competitive descendants that it produces. We obtained thelytokous offspring from unmated female Doru lineare (Eschscholtz, 1822) earwigs, a species of insect in which parthenogenesis has never before been reported, and found that their number and survival rate did not differ from offspring of mated females. Current hypotheses support advantages of sex or parthenogenesis, but never equilibrium between them like the one reported in this paper. We suggest that parthenogenesis is how females multiply their entire genome and renew themselves.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Cocco
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, Tangará da Serra, MT, Brazil
| | - A.R. Butnariu
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, Tangará da Serra, MT, Brazil; Centro de Ciências Agrícolas, Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - E. Bessa
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, Tangará da Serra, MT, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Animal, Departamento de Zoologia e Botânica, Universidade Estadual de São Paulo, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - A. Pasini
- Centro de Ciências Agrícolas, Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
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Vagge S, Zeverino M, Parodi L, Pasini A, Costa E, Pupillo F, Corvò R. PO-0923: Patientsí set-up and dose delivery verification for total marrow or lymphoid irradiation with helical Tomotherapy. Radiother Oncol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(15)33229-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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29
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Battista N, Di Sabatino A, Di Tommaso M, Biancheri P, Rapino C, Vidali F, Papadia C, Montana C, Pasini A, Lanzini A, Villanacci V, Corazza GR, Maccarrone M. Abnormal anandamide metabolism in celiac disease. J Nutr Biochem 2012; 23:1245-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2011.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2011] [Revised: 06/30/2011] [Accepted: 06/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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30
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Casagrande M, Martella D, Ruggiero MC, Maccari L, Paloscia C, Rosa C, Pasini A. Assessing Attentional Systems in Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2011; 27:30-44. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acr085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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31
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Mantovani S, Garbelli S, Pasini A, Alimonti D, Perotti C, Melazzini M, Bendotti C, Mora G. Immune system alterations in sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients suggest an ongoing neuroinflammatory process. J Neuroimmunol 2009; 210:73-9. [PMID: 19307024 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2009.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2008] [Revised: 02/04/2009] [Accepted: 02/17/2009] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In this work we show that patients with sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis exhibit immunological alterations in their blood, with respect to healthy controls, such as: i) increased levels of CD4+ cells and decreased levels of CD8+ T lymphocytes, the latter due to the reduced expression of the anti-apoptotic molecule Bcl-2; ii) significantly reduced CD4+CD25+ regulatory T (Treg) cells and monocytes (CD14+) levels in patients at a less severe stage of disease, suggesting their early recruitment towards the CNS area of primary neurodegeneration; iii) reduced expression of HLA-DR and CCR2 expression, as markers of activation, in monocytes. Since resident microglia partially derives from circulating activated monocytes and Treg cells are known to interact with the local microglia, this study strengthens the hypothesis of an involvement of the adaptive immune system associated with a neuroinflammatory process in the pathobiology of ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Mantovani
- Laboratory for Research on Neurodegenerative Disorders, IRCCS Fondazione Salvatore Maugeri, Pavia, Italy
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32
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Centonze D, Bari M, Di Michele B, Rossi S, Gasperi V, Pasini A, Battista N, Bernardi G, Curatolo P, Maccarrone M. ALTERED ANANDAMIDE DEGRADATION IN ATTENTION-DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER. Neurology 2009; 72:1526-7. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0b013e3181a2e8f6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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33
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Addabbo T, Alioto M, Fort A, Pasini A, Rocchi S, Vignoli V. A Class of Maximum-Period Nonlinear Congruential Generators Derived From the Rényi Chaotic Map. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1109/tcsi.2007.890622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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34
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Eser D, Romeo E, Baghai TC, di Michele F, Schüle C, Pasini A, Zwanzger P, Padberg F, Rupprecht R. Neuroactive steroids as modulators of depression and anxiety. Neuroscience 2006; 138:1041-8. [PMID: 16310959 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2005.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2005] [Revised: 07/09/2005] [Accepted: 07/12/2005] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Certain neuroactive steroids modulate ligand-gated ion channels via non-genomic mechanisms. Especially 3alpha-reduced pregnane steroids are potent positive allosteric modulators of the GABA type A-receptor. During major depression there is a dysequilibrium of 3alpha-reduced neuroactive steroids, which is corrected by clinically effective pharmacological treatment. To investigate whether these alterations are a general principle of successful antidepressant treatment we studied the impact of non-pharmacological treatment options on neuroactive steroid concentrations during major depression. Neither partial sleep deprivation, transcranial magnetic stimulation nor electroconvulsive therapy affected neuroactive steroid levels irrespectively of the response to these treatments. These studies suggest that the changes in neuroactive steroids observed after antidepressant pharmacotherapy more likely reflect distinct pharmacological properties of antidepressants rather than the clinical response. In patients with panic disorder changes in neuroactive steroid composition have been observed opposite of those seen in depression. These changes may represent counterregulatory mechanisms against the occurrence of spontaneous panic attacks. However, during experimental panic induction with either cholecystokinin-tetrapeptide or sodium lactate there was a pronounced decline in the concentrations of 3alpha-reduced neuroactive steroids in patients with panic disorder, which might result in a decreased GABAergic tone. In contrast, no changes in neuroactive steroid concentrations could be observed in healthy controls with the exception of 3alpha, 5alpha-tetrahydrodeoxycorticosterone, allotetrahydrodeoxycorticosterone. The modulation of GABA type A-receptors by neuroactive steroids might contribute to the pathophysiology of depression and anxiety disorders and might offer new targets for the development of novel anxiolytic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Eser
- Department of Psychiatry, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich, Germany
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35
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Schüle C, Romeo E, Uzunov DP, Eser D, di Michele F, Baghai TC, Pasini A, Schwarz M, Kempter H, Rupprecht R. Influence of mirtazapine on plasma concentrations of neuroactive steroids in major depression and on 3alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity. Mol Psychiatry 2006; 11:261-72. [PMID: 16344854 DOI: 10.1038/sj.mp.4001782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Concentrations of 3alpha-reduced neuroactive steroids are altered in depression and normalize after antidepressant pharmacotherapy with selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors (SSRIs). We investigated the impact of mirtazapine on the activity of a key neurosteroidogenic enzyme, the 3alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3alpha-HSD), and on the levels of neuroactive steroids in relation to clinical response. A total of 23 drug-free in-patients suffering from a major depressive episode (DSM-IV criteria) underwent 5-week treatment with mirtazapine (45 mg/day). Plasma samples were taken weekly at 0800 and quantified for neuroactive steroids by means of combined gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis. Enzyme activity was determined by assessment of steroid conversion rates. Irrespective of clinical outcome, there were significant increases in 3alpha,5alpha-tetrahydroprogesterone, 3alpha,5beta-tetrahydroprogesterone, 5alpha-dihydroprogesterone, and 5beta-dihydroprogesterone after mirtazapine treatment, whereas 3beta,5alpha-tetrahydroprogesterone levels were significantly decreased. In vitro investigations demonstrated a dose-dependent inhibitory effect of mirtazapine on the activity of the microsomal 3alpha-HSD in the oxidative direction (conversion of 3alpha,5alpha-tetrahydroprogesterone to 5alpha-dihydroprogesterone). Mirtazapine affects neuroactive steroid composition similarly as do SSRIs. The inhibition of the oxidative pathway catalyzed by the microsomal 3alpha-HSD is compatible with an enhanced formation of 3alpha-reduced neuroactive steroids. However, the changes in neuroactive steroid concentrations more likely reflect direct pharmacological effects of this antidepressant rather than clinical improvement in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Schüle
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich, Germany
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36
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Quadrani P, Pasini A, Mattiolli-Belmonte M, Zannoni C, Tampieri A, Landi E, Giantomassi F, Casali F, Biagini G, Tomei-Minardi A. High-resolution 3D scaffold model for engineered tissue fabrication using a rapid prototyping technique. Med Biol Eng Comput 2005; 43:196-9. [PMID: 15865127 DOI: 10.1007/bf02345954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Rapid prototyping, automatic image processing (computer-aided design (CAD)) and computer-aided manufacturing techniques are opening new and interesting prospects for medical devices and tissue engineering, especially for hard tissues such as bone. The development of a bone high-resolution scaffold prototype using these techniques is described. The results testify to the fidelity existing between microtomographic reconstruction and CAD. Furthermore, stereolithographic manufacturing of this scaffold, which possesses a high degree of similarity to the starting model as monitored by morphological evaluations (mean diameter 569 +/- 147 microm), represents a promising result for regenerative medicine applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Quadrani
- Consorzio Interuniversitario CINECA, Bologna, Italy
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37
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Longhi A, Pasini A, Baldini N, Baronio F, Pellacani A, Cicognani A, Bacci G. Height as a risk factor in osteosarcoma. J Clin Oncol 2004. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2004.22.90140.9042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A. Longhi
- Ist Ort Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy; University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - A. Pasini
- Ist Ort Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy; University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - N. Baldini
- Ist Ort Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy; University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - F. Baronio
- Ist Ort Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy; University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - A. Pellacani
- Ist Ort Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy; University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - A. Cicognani
- Ist Ort Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy; University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - G. Bacci
- Ist Ort Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy; University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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38
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Zwanzger P, Eser D, Padberg F, Baghai TC, Schüle C, Rupprecht R, di Michele F, Romeo E, Pasini A, Ströhle A. Neuroactive steroids are not affected by panic induction with 50 microg cholecystokinin-tetrapeptide (CCK-4) in healthy volunteers. J Psychiatr Res 2004; 38:215-7. [PMID: 14757337 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-3956(03)00109-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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39
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Petit A, Pasini A, Alves Da Costa C, Ayral E, Hernandez JF, Dumanchin-Njock C, Phiel CJ, Marambaud P, Wilk S, Farzan M, Fulcrand P, Martinez J, Andrau D, Checler F. JLK isocoumarin inhibitors: Selective ?-secretase inhibitors that do not interfere with notch pathway in vitro or in vivo. J Neurosci Res 2003; 74:370-7. [PMID: 14598313 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.10747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
gamma-Secretase activity is involved in the generation of Abeta and therefore likely contributes to the pathology of Alzheimer's disease. Blocking this activity was seen as a major therapeutic target to slow down or arrest Abeta-related AD progression. This strategy seemed more doubtful when it was established that gamma-secretase also targets other substrates including Notch, a particularly important transmembrane protein involved in vital functions, at both embryonic and adulthood stages. We have described previously new non-peptidic inhibitors able to selectively inhibit Abeta cellular production in vitro without altering Notch pathway. We show here that in vivo, these inhibitors do not alter the Notch pathway responsible for somitogenesis in the zebrafish embryo. In addition, we document further the selectivity of JLK inhibitors by showing that, unlike other described gamma-secretase inhibitors, these agents do not affect E-cadherin processing. Finally, we establish that JLKs do not inhibit beta-site APP cleaving enzymes (BACE) 1 and BACE2, alpha-secretase, the proteasome, and GSK3beta kinase. Altogether, JLK inhibitors are the sole agents to date that are able to prevent Abeta production without triggering unwanted cleavages of other proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Petit
- Institut de Pharmacologie, Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS, UMR6097, Valbonne, France
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40
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Conturso R, Redaelli L, Pasini A, Tenore A. Spontaneous uterine rupture with amniotic sac protrusion at 28 weeks subsequent to previous hysteroscopic metroplasty. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2003; 107:98-100. [PMID: 12593906 DOI: 10.1016/s0301-2115(02)00242-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hysteroscopic metroplasty improves pregnancy outcome in case of uterine septum. Uterine rupture during a pregnancy following this procedure may occur. CASE A patient with a history of hysteroscopic resection of a uterine septum complicated by fundal perforation, presented at 28 weeks a spontaneous uterine rupture with amniotic sac protrusion through the uterine wall disruption. CONCLUSION Uterine rupture during pregnancy following a hysteroscopic metroplasty may occur even though it appears to be a very uncommon event. Patients who have had this procedure should be aware of this potential risk in case of future pregnancies. How to avoid such complication is still unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Conturso
- Obstetrical Department, Valduce Hospital, Como, Italy
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41
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Cicognani A, Pasini A, Pession A, Pirazzoli P, Burnelli R, Barbieri E, Mazzanti L, Cacciari E. Gonadal function and pubertal development after treatment of a childhood malignancy. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2003; 16 Suppl 2:321-6. [PMID: 12729411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
As survival rates for childhood cancer have improved, the importance of assessing gonadal dysfunction caused by alkylating agents and radiotherapy in children treated for cancer has increased. Infertility is the major long-term side effect of chemotherapy (CT) in males, whereas Leydig cell function is less affected. Our studies confirm that prepuberty does not protect the male gonad from the late effects of CT and that protocols less gonadal-lesive (such as ABVD regimens) should be preferred. Ovaries are less affected, but early depletion of follicles and premature menopause may occur. High-dose busulfan conditioning regimens cause ovarian failure in young females. The role of gonadal irradiation is discussed: high dosages (>2000 cGy) provoke sterility, impaired testosterone secretion in males and estradiol release in females. High dosage hypothalamic-pituitary irradiation causes delayed puberty and hypogonadism in males and females, whereas lower dosages may be associated with early puberty, particularly in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Cicognani
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Bologna, Italy.
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42
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Ugo R, Pasini A, Fusi A, Cenini S. Kinetic investigation of some electronic and steric factors in oxidative addition reactions to Vaska's compound. J Am Chem Soc 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ja00776a017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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43
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Spalletta G, Pasini A, Pau F, Guido G, Menghini L, Caltagirone C. Prefrontal blood flow dysregulation in drug naive ADHD children without structural abnormalities. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2002; 108:1203-16. [PMID: 11725823 DOI: 10.1007/s007020170010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies suggest a role for prefrontal cortex abnormalities in the pathogenesis of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). We evaluated young drug-naive ADHD outpatients without MRI structural abnormalities to detect prefrontal cortex regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) functional dysregulation; correlation between age and rCBF; and correlation between symptoms profile and rCBF. Functional brain activities (i.e. rCBF), neuropsychological attention performance and symptom profile were evaluated respectively by single photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT) scan, Stroop Test and the Child Attention Problem Rating Scale. There was a decreased rCBF in the left dorso lateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) compared to the right DLPFC of the subjects. In addition, there were positive correlations between age and relative rCBFs of the dorsolateral and orbital prefrontal cortex, and negative correlations between age and absolute rCBFs of the dorsolateral and orbital prefrontal cortex. Finally, higher levels of right relative rCBF and lower levels of left relative rCBF were predictors of higher severity of clinical symptom expression and neuropsychological attention impairment. The results of this study highlight the role of the DLPFC blood flow impairment in the pathogenesis of ADHD even in young subjects without structural abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Spalletta
- Department of Psychiatry, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Stroke patients suffer from a high rate of behavioral disorders, and the laterality of the lesion may affect the expression of emotional disturbances. This study tested the hypothesis that stroke patients with a lesion in the right hemisphere are at high risk of developing alexithymic features. METHODS Forty-eight patients were interviewed with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (patient edition), the Mini-Mental State Examination, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (state form), the Beck Depression Inventory, and the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (20-item version). Alexithymic differences between stroke patients with a lesion in the right hemisphere and those with a lesion in the left hemisphere were computed by analysis of covariance, using scores on the Mini-Mental State Examination, Beck Depression Inventory (psychic subscore), and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory as covariates and the score on the Toronto Alexithymia Scale as the dependent variable. A multivariate analysis of covariance and a series of follow-up analyses of covariance with the same covariates were used to discriminate differences in subscores on the Toronto Alexithymia Scale. An exploratory analysis of covariance was also performed to determine the effect of gender on alexithymic features in both groups of stroke patients. RESULTS The 21 stroke patients with a lesion in the right hemisphere were more alexithymic than the 27 patients with a lesion in the left hemisphere. This evidence was strengthened by the categorical analysis: 48% of the patients with a right-hemisphere lesion had alexithymia, compared with 22% of patients with a left-hemisphere lesion. Univariate analyses of covariance showed significant differences between the two groups in difficulty identifying feelings and difficulty describing feelings, but not in externally oriented thinking. The last exploratory analysis of covariance suggested that gender may influence alexithymic features. CONCLUSIONS This study provides direct evidence that alexithymia, and more specifically difficulty identifying feelings and difficulty describing feelings, is more common in stroke patients with a right-hemisphere lesion than in those with a left-hemisphere lesion. It also provides preliminary evidence that gender may affect alexithymic expression.
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Abstract
The aim of this study was to ascertain whether the symptom profile distinguishes between schizophrenic patients born in the winter and early spring and those born in other seasons. The sample consisted of 204 patients with a DSM-III-R diagnosis of schizophrenia who had been hospitalized for acute psychotic decompensation. Symptom ratings were based on the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). The use of demographic and anamnestic data as dependent variables did not detect any season-of-birth effect. In contrast, clear gender-specific differences emerged from the comparison focusing on symptom dimensions and clinical subtype. Female patients born in the winter and early spring had higher scores on the PANSS negative scale and anergia factor whereas male patients born in other seasons had higher scores on the PANSS anergia factor. In addition, we found a gender-specific association between season of birth and clinical subtype. Most paranoid female patients were born in the non-winter months whereas, among men, a slightly higher percentage of paranoid patients were born in winter months. These results suggest that gender plays a role in modulating the effect of the season of birth on symptoms of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Troisi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
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46
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De Luca A, Pasini A, Amati F, Botta A, Spalletta G, Alimenti S, Caccamo F, Conti E, Trakalo J, Macciardi F, Dallapiccola B, Novelli G. Association study of a promoter polymorphism of UFD1L gene with schizophrenia. Am J Med Genet 2001; 105:529-33. [PMID: 11496370 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.1489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorders are often found in patients affected by DiGeorge/velo-cardio-facial syndrome (DGS/VCFS) as a result of hemizygosity of chromosome 22q11.2. We evaluated the UFD1L gene, mapping within the DGS/VCFS region, as a potential candidate for schizophrenia susceptibility. UFD1L encodes for the ubiquitin fusion degradation 1 protein, which is expressed in the medial telencephalon during mouse development. Using case control, simplex families (trios), and functional studies, we provided evidence for association between schizophrenia and a single nucleotide functional polymorphism, -277A/G, located within the noncoding region upstream the first exon of the UFD1L gene. The results are supportive of UFD1L involvement in the neurodevelopmental origin of schizophrenia and contribute in delineating etiological and pathogenetic mechanism of the schizophrenia subtype related to 22q11.2 deletion syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- A De Luca
- Department of Biopathology and Diagnostic Imaging, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Via di Tor Vergata 135, 00133 Rome, Italy
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47
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Pasini A, Alfieri L, Belloni C. [Spontaneous ectopic contralateral pregnancy with unicornuate uterus. A case report]. Minerva Ginecol 2001; 53:215-8. [PMID: 11395695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
A case is reported of spontaneous ectopic pregnancy in a non patent fallopian tube of a patient with a contralateral unicornuate uterus without rudimentary horn. A hemoperitoneum, due to the rupture of the tube, occurred with a HCG level of 48 I.U./l. A laparoscopy was therefore performed and the fallopian tube removed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pasini
- Divisione di Ostetricia e Ginecologia, Ospedale Valduce, Como, Italy
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48
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Spalletta G, Troisi A, Alimenti S, di Michele F, Pau F, Pasini A, Caltagirone C. Reduced prefrontal cognitive activation associated with aggression in schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2001; 50:134-5. [PMID: 11426431 DOI: 10.1016/s0920-9964(00)00164-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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49
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Pasini A, Alfieri L, Belloni C. Laparoscopic treatment of ectopic pregnancy resulting from intrauterine transmigration. BJOG 2001; 108:545-6. [PMID: 11368145 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2001.00105.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Pasini
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Valduce Hospital, Como, Italy
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50
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Christiansen JH, Coles EG, Robinson V, Pasini A, Wilkinson DG. Screening from a subtracted embryonic chick hindbrain cDNA library: identification of genes expressed during hindbrain, midbrain and cranial neural crest development. Mech Dev 2001; 102:119-33. [PMID: 11287186 DOI: 10.1016/s0925-4773(01)00294-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The vertebrate hindbrain is segmented into a series of transient structures called rhombomeres. Despite knowing several factors that are responsible for the segmentation and maintenance of the rhombomeres, there are still large gaps in understanding the genetic pathways that govern their development. To find previously unknown genes that are expressed within the embryonic hindbrain, a subtracted chick hindbrain cDNA library has been made and 445 randomly picked clones from this library have been analysed using whole mount in situ hybridisation. Thirty-six of these clones (8%) display restricted expression patterns within the hindbrain, midbrain or cranial neural crest and of these, twenty-two are novel and eleven encode peptides that correspond to or are highly related to proteins with previously uncharacterised roles during early neural development. The large proportion of genes with restricted expression patterns and previously unknown functions in the embryonic brain identified during this screen provides insights into the different types of molecules that have spatially regulated expression patterns in cranial neural tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Christiansen
- Division of Developmental Neurobiology, National Institute for Medical Research, The Ridgeway, Mill Hill, NW7 1AA, London, UK
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