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Mahmood K, Contreras J, Omar A, Fox A, Balboul Y, Lorente Ros M, Riasat M, Roldan J, Correa A, Pirlamarla P, Parikh A, Moss N, Anyanwu A, Gidea C. Achieving Equity in Minority Populations by Using the “Hub-And-Spoke” Model for Durable Left Ventricular Assist Devices. J Heart Lung Transplant 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
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Fox A, Smith A, Murphy C, Bussmann N, McCallion N. How can we improve the retention of doctors. Ir Med J 2023; 116:741. [PMID: 36976614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
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Fox A, Smith A, Murphy C, Bussmann N, McCallion N. How can we improve retention of doctors. Ir Med J 2023; 116:741. [PMID: 37010476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
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Fox A, Widmer F, Lüscher A. Soil microbial community structures are shaped by agricultural systems revealing little temporal variation. Environ Res 2022; 214:113915. [PMID: 35940233 PMCID: PMC9492858 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Many studies in soil microbial ecology are undertaken with a single sampling event, with the influence of temporal progression rarely being considered. Under field conditions, soil samples were taken from different agricultural systems; a sown grassland to maize rotation (MC), an intensively managed permanent grassland (INT), as well as extensively managed permanent grasslands with high (EXT_HP), low to sufficient (EXT_LP) and deficient available P (EXT_DP), six times throughout the 2017 growing season. Thus, this study aimed to determine if any differences in soil microbiome structures between both sharply contrasting (MC - INT - EXT), slightly differing (EXT_HP - EXT_DP) and quite similar (EXT_HP - EXT_LP and EXT_LP - EXT_DP) agricultural systems persist through changing growth conditions within the growing season. For both fungal and bacterial community structure, the influence of agricultural system (CV = 0.256, P < 0.001 and CV = 0.145, P < 0.01, respectively) was much greater than that of temporal progression (√CV = 0.065 and 0.042, respectively, both P < 0.001). Importantly, nearly all agricultural systems persistently harbored significantly distinct fungal community structures across each of the six sampling events (all at least P < 0.05). There were not as many pairwise differences in bacterial community structure between the agricultural systems, but some did persist (MC and EXT_HP ∼ EXT_DP, all P < 0.001). Additionally, persistent indicator fungal OTUs (IndVal >0.7, P ≤ 0.05) associated to each agricultural system (except EXT_LP) were found in each of the six sampling events. These results highlight the temporal stability of pairwise differences in soil microbiome structures between established agricultural systems through changing plant growth conditions, even between those with a comparable management regime. This is a highly relevant finding in informing the sampling strategy of studies in soil microbial ecology as well as for designing efficient soil biodiversity monitoring systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Fox
- Forage Production and Grassland Systems, Agroscope, Reckenholzstrasse 191, CH-8046, Zürich, Switzerland; Molecular Ecology, Agroscope, Reckenholzstrasse 191, CH-8046, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - F Widmer
- Molecular Ecology, Agroscope, Reckenholzstrasse 191, CH-8046, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - A Lüscher
- Forage Production and Grassland Systems, Agroscope, Reckenholzstrasse 191, CH-8046, Zürich, Switzerland.
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Keast A, Bonacci J, Fox A. Acute effects of gait interventions on tibial accelerations during treadmill running. J Sci Med Sport 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2022.09.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Balakrishnan A, Jah A, Lesurtel M, Andersson B, Gibbs P, Harper SJF, Huguet EL, Kosmoliaptsis V, Liau SS, Praseedom RK, Ramia JM, Branes A, Lendoire J, Maithel S, Serrablo A, Achalandabaso M, Adham M, Ahmet A, Al-Sarireh B, Albiol Quer M, Alconchel F, Alejandro R, Alsammani M, Alseidi A, Anand A, Anselmo A, Antonakis P, Arabadzhieva E, de Aretxabala X, Aroori S, Ashley S, Ausania F, Banerjee A, Barabino M, Bartlett A, Bartsch F, Belli A, Beristain-Hernandez J, Berrevoet F, Bhatti A, Bhojwani R, Bjornsson B, Blaz T, Byrne M, Calvo M, Castellanos J, Castro M, Cavallucci D, Chang D, Christodoulis G, Ciacio O, Clavien P, Coker A, Conde-Rodriguez M, D'Amico F, D'Hondt M, Daams F, Dasari B, De Beillis M, de Meijer V, Dede K, Deiro G, Delgado F, Desai G, Di Gioia A, Di Martino M, Dixon M, Dorovinis P, Dumitrascu T, Ebata T, Eilard M, Erdmann J, Erkan M, Famularo S, Felli E, Fergadi M, Fernandez G, Fox A, Galodha S, Galun D, Ganandha S, Garcia R, Gemenetzis G, Giannone F, Gil L, Giorgakis E, Giovinazzo F, Giuffrida M, Giuliani T, Giuliante F, Gkekas I, Goel M, Goh B, Gomes A, Gruenberger T, Guevara O, Gulla A, Gupta A, Gupta R, Hakeem A, Hamid H, Heinrich S, Helton S, Heumann A, Higuchi R, Hughes D, Inarejos B, Ivanecz A, Iwao Y, Iype S, Jaen I, Jie M, Jones R, Kacirek K, Kalayarasan R, Kaldarov A, Kaman L, Kanhere H, Kapoor V, Karanicolas P, Karayiannakis A, Kausar A, Khan Z, Kim DS, Klose J, Knowles B, Koh P, Kolodziejczyk P, Komorowski A, Koong J, Kozyrin I, Krishna A, Kron P, Kumar N, van Laarhoven S, Lakhey P, Lanari J, Laurenzi A, Leow V, Limbu Y, Liu YB, Lob S, Lolis E, Lopez-Lopez V, Lozano R, Lundgren L, Machairas M, Magouliotis D, Mahamid A, Malde D, Malek A, Malik H, Malleo G, Marino M, Mayo S, Mazzola M, Memeo R, Menon K, Menzulin R, Mohan R, Morgul H, Moris D, Mulita F, Muttillo E, Nahm C, Nandasena M, Nashidengo P, Nickkholgh A, Nikov A, Noel C, O'Reilly D, O'Rourke T, Ohtsuka M, Omoshoro-Jones J, Pandanaboyana S, Pararas N, Patel R, Patkar S, Peng J, Perfecto A, Perinel J, Perivoliotis K, Perra T, Phan M, Piccolo G, Porcu A, Primavesi F, Primrose J, Pueyo-Periz E, Radenkovic D, Rammohan A, Rowcroft A, Sakata J, Saladino E, Schena C, Scholer A, Schwarz C, Serrano P, Silva M, Soreide K, Sparrelid E, Stattner S, Sturesson C, Sugiura T, Sumo M, Sutcliffe R, Teh C, Teo J, Tepetes K, Thapa P, Thepbunchonchai A, Torres J, Torres O, Torzili G, Tovikkai C, Troncoso A, Tsoulfas G, Tuzuher A, Tzimas G, Umar G, Urbani L, Vanagas T, Varga, Velayutham V, Vigano L, Wakai T, Yang Z, Yip V, Zacharoulis D, Zakharov E, Zimmitti G. Heterogeneity of management practices surrounding operable gallbladder cancer - results of the OMEGA-S international HPB surgical survey. HPB (Oxford) 2022; 24:2006-2012. [PMID: 35922277 DOI: 10.1016/j.hpb.2022.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is an aggressive, uncommon malignancy, with variation in operative approaches adopted across centres and few large-scale studies to guide practice. We aimed to identify the extent of heterogeneity in GBC internationally to better inform the need for future multicentre studies. METHODS A 34-question online survey was disseminated to members of the European-African Hepatopancreatobiliary Association (EAHPBA), American Hepatopancreatobiliary Association (AHPBA) and Asia-Pacific Hepatopancreatobiliary Association (A-PHPBA) regarding practices around diagnostic workup, operative approach, utilization of neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapies and surveillance strategies. RESULTS Two hundred and three surgeons responded from 51 countries. High liver resection volume units (>50 resections/year) organised HPB multidisciplinary team discussion of GBCs more commonly than those with low volumes (p < 0.0001). Management practices exhibited areas of heterogeneity, particularly around operative extent. Contrary to consensus guidelines, anatomical liver resections were favoured over non-anatomical resections for T3 tumours and above, lymphadenectomy extent was lower than recommended, and a minority of respondents still routinely excised the common bile duct or port sites. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest some similarities in the management of GBC internationally, but also specific areas of practice which differed from published guidelines. Transcontinental collaborative studies on GBC are necessary to establish evidence-based practice to minimise variation and optimise outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Balakrishnan
- Department of HPB Surgery, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom.
| | - Asif Jah
- Department of HPB Surgery, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Mickael Lesurtel
- Department of HPB Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Beaujon Hospital, University of Paris Cité, 100 Bd du Général Leclerc, 92110, Clichy, France
| | - Bodil Andersson
- Department of Surgery, Lund University, Skane University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Paul Gibbs
- Department of HPB Surgery, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Simon J F Harper
- Department of HPB Surgery, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Emmanuel L Huguet
- Department of HPB Surgery, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Vasilis Kosmoliaptsis
- Department of HPB Surgery, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Siong S Liau
- Department of HPB Surgery, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Raaj K Praseedom
- Department of HPB Surgery, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Jose M Ramia
- Department of Surgery, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, Avenida Pintor Baeza, 12 03010 Alicante, Spain
| | - Alejandro Branes
- Department of HPB Surgery, Hospital Sotero del Rio, Av. Concha y Toro 3459, Puente Alto, Región Metropolitana, Chile
| | - Javier Lendoire
- Department of Surgery, University of Buenos Aires, Hospital Dr Cosme Argerich, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Shishir Maithel
- Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322 USA
| | - Alejandro Serrablo
- Department of HPB Surgery, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain
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Minton EA, Wang CX, Anthony C, Fox A. Advice from Bereaved Parents on Strategies to Heal After Baby Loss. Omega (Westport) 2022:302228221133589. [PMID: 36219066 DOI: 10.1177/00302228221133589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
With close to one in three babies dying between conception and infancy, research examining how to assist bereaved parents after loss is critical. Prior research focuses primarily on a general understanding of the journey post-loss or on a specific strategy that can be pursued to assist in healing but does not adequately provide a holistic examination of post-loss strategies nor is it from firsthand recommendations of bereaved parents. Our research addresses this gap in the literature by identifying the post-loss healing strategies recommended by bereaved parents themselves, thereby informing coping post-loss. To do this, 30 semi-structured interviews were conducted with bereaved mothers. Four themes emerged from our findings: (1) honor the deceased baby, (2) engage in helpful practices, (3) pursue healing now, and (4) embrace the post-loss journey as unique.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cindy Xin Wang
- College of Business, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA, USA
| | - Carissa Anthony
- Lebow College of Business, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Alexa Fox
- College of BusinessUniversity of Akron, Akron, OH, USA
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Aggarwal D, Bhatia K, Lopez P, Bohra C, Joshi A, Daibes J, Mahmood K, Fox A. Left ventricular unloading with Impella versus IABP in patients on VA-ECMO for cardiogenic shock. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.1106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) use for circulatory support in shock is limited by increased left ventricular afterload. Impella and intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) can be used in conjunction with VA-ECMO to help unload the left ventricle. Data comparing the two strategies are limited.
Purpose
We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of published data to compare outcomes of patients with shock supported by VA-ECMO in conjunction with Impella versus IABP.
Methods
We conducted a search of Medline, Embase, and Cochrane databases to identify studies comparing the use of Impella versus IABP in patients on VA-ECMO. The primary outcome of interest was all-cause mortality (in-hospital or 30-day). Secondary outcomes included transition to destination therapy with left ventricular assist device (LVAD) or transplant, stroke, need for continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT), bleeding, and hemolysis. Risk ratios (RR) with 95% confidence interval and the heterogeneity statistic I2 were reported for each outcome.
Results
Six observational studies with a total of 629 patients were included in the analysis. Of these, 205 (33%) and 424 (67%) patients were supported by Impella and IABP respectively, in addition to VA-ECMO. All six studies reported the primary outcome. No difference was observed in all-cause mortality between VA-ECMO with Impella and VA-ECMO with IABP (RR 1.02 [0.74–1.40], I2=74%). Similar rates were observed for transition to LVAD or transplant (RR 0.75 [0.45–1.27], I2=0%), stroke (RR 1.50 [0.80–2.83], I2=0%), and need for CRRT (RR 1.04 [0.82–1.32], I2=0%). However, use of VA-ECMO with Impella was associated with a higher risk of bleeding (RR 1.91 [1.28–2.86], I2=68%) and hemolysis (RR 4.61 [1.24–17.17], I2=66%) as compared with use of VA-ECMO with IABP.
Conclusion
In patients with shock requiring VA-ECMO, concurrent use of Impella and IABP had similar risk of mortality, transition to LVAD/transplant, stroke, and need for CRRT. However, Impella use was associated with higher risk of bleeding and hemolysis. Randomized trials are needed to identify the optimal strategy for left ventricular unloading in patients with cardiogenic shock on VA-ECMO.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Aggarwal
- Beaumont Health System, Internal Medicine , Troy , United States of America
| | - K Bhatia
- Mount Sinai Heart, Mount Sinai Morningside , New York , United States of America
| | - P Lopez
- Mount Sinai Heart, Mount Sinai Morningside , New York , United States of America
| | - C Bohra
- Mount Sinai Heart, Mount Sinai Morningside , New York , United States of America
| | - A Joshi
- Mount Sinai Heart, Mount Sinai Morningside , New York , United States of America
| | - J Daibes
- Mount Sinai Heart, Mount Sinai Morningside , New York , United States of America
| | - K Mahmood
- The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Cardiovascular Institute , New York , United States of America
| | - A Fox
- The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Cardiovascular Institute , New York , United States of America
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Chehade H, Purandare N, Fox A, Gogoi R, Aras S, Grossman L, Mor G, Alvero A. Loss of MNRR1 inhibits spheroid formation and improves survival in an ovarian cancer mouse syngeneic model. Eur J Cancer 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(22)00929-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Fox A. Evaluating the effect of a novel patient information leaflet (PIL) on patient experience of remote consultations within a NHS department. Physiotherapy 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physio.2021.12.200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Fox A, Widmer F, Barreiro A, Jongen M, Musyoki M, Vieira Â, Zimmermann J, Cruz C, Dimitrova-Mårtensson LM, Rasche F, Silva L, Lüscher A. Small-scale agricultural grassland management can affect soil fungal community structure as much as continental scale geographic patterns. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2021; 97:6430861. [PMID: 34792119 PMCID: PMC8684450 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiab148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A European transect was established, ranging from Sweden to the Azores, to determine the relative influence of geographic factors and agricultural small-scale management on the grassland soil microbiome. Within each of five countries (factor ‘Country’), which maximized a range of geographic factors, two differing growth condition regions (factor ‘GCR’) were selected: a favorable region with conditions allowing for high plant biomass production and a contrasting less favorable region with a markedly lower potential. Within each region, grasslands of contrasting management intensities (factor ‘MI’) were defined: intensive and extensive, from which soil samples were collected. Across the transect, ‘MI’ was a strong differentiator of fungal community structure, having a comparable effect to continental scale geographic factors (‘Country’). ‘MI’ was also a highly significant driver of bacterial community structure, but ‘Country’ was clearly the stronger driver. For both, ‘GCR’ was the weakest driver. Also at the regional level, strong effects of MI occurred on various measures of the soil microbiome (i.e. OTU richness, management-associated indicator OTUs), though the effects were largely regional-specific. Our results illustrate the decisive influence of grassland MI on soil microbial community structure, over both regional and continental scales, and, thus, highlight the importance of preserving rare extensive grasslands.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Fox
- Forage Production and Grassland Systems, Agroscope, Reckenholzstrasse 191, Zürich, Switzerland.,Molecular Ecology, Agroscope, Reckenholzstrasse 191, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - F Widmer
- Molecular Ecology, Agroscope, Reckenholzstrasse 191, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - A Barreiro
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Biosystems and Technology, P.O. Box 103, SE-230 53 Alnarp, Sweden
| | - M Jongen
- Centro de Ciência e Tecnologia do Ambiente e do Mar (MARETEC), Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M Musyoki
- University of Hohenheim, Hans-Ruthenberg-Institute, Garbenstr. 13, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Â Vieira
- InBIO - Research Network in Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, Associate Laboratory, CIBIO-Açores, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of the Azores, Campus de Ponta Delgada, Rua da Mãe de Deus, 9500-321 Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - J Zimmermann
- University of Hohenheim, Hans-Ruthenberg-Institute, Garbenstr. 13, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - C Cruz
- Centro de Ecologia, Evolução e Alterações Ambientais, (cE3c), FCUL, Campo Grande, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - L-M Dimitrova-Mårtensson
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Biosystems and Technology, P.O. Box 103, SE-230 53 Alnarp, Sweden
| | - F Rasche
- University of Hohenheim, Hans-Ruthenberg-Institute, Garbenstr. 13, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - L Silva
- InBIO - Research Network in Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, Associate Laboratory, CIBIO-Açores, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of the Azores, Campus de Ponta Delgada, Rua da Mãe de Deus, 9500-321 Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - A Lüscher
- Forage Production and Grassland Systems, Agroscope, Reckenholzstrasse 191, Zürich, Switzerland
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Antcliff A, Fox A, Joseph C, Piromalli L, Saunders N, Wells F. Netball injuries in Australia: A review of insurance data from 2011 – 2019. J Sci Med Sport 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2021.09.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Gibson G, Rangasamy S, Contreras J, Singhvi A, Fox A, Moss N, Triveri M, Lala A, Mancini D, Itagaki S, Anyanwu A, Parikh A. Loeffler's Endocarditis Treated with Total Artificial Heart as Bridge to Transplant. J Heart Lung Transplant 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2021.01.2112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Sparapani S, Millet-Boureima C, Oliver J, Mu K, Hadavi P, Kalostian T, Ali N, Avelar CM, Bardies M, Barrow B, Benedikt M, Biancardi G, Bindra R, Bui L, Chihab Z, Cossitt A, Costa J, Daigneault T, Dault J, Davidson I, Dias J, Dufour E, El-Khoury S, Farhangdoost N, Forget A, Fox A, Gebrael M, Gentile MC, Geraci O, Gnanapragasam A, Gomah E, Haber E, Hamel C, Iyanker T, Kalantzis C, Kamali S, Kassardjian E, Kontos HK, Le TBU, LoScerbo D, Low YF, Mac Rae D, Maurer F, Mazhar S, Nguyen A, Nguyen-Duong K, Osborne-Laroche C, Park HW, Parolin E, Paul-Cole K, Peer LS, Philippon M, Plaisir CA, Porras Marroquin J, Prasad S, Ramsarun R, Razzaq S, Rhainds S, Robin D, Scartozzi R, Singh D, Fard SS, Soroko M, Soroori Motlagh N, Stern K, Toro L, Toure MW, Tran-Huynh S, Trépanier-Chicoine S, Waddingham C, Weekes AJ, Wisniewski A, Gamberi C. The Biology of Vasopressin. Biomedicines 2021; 9:89. [PMID: 33477721 PMCID: PMC7832310 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9010089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Vasopressins are evolutionarily conserved peptide hormones. Mammalian vasopressin functions systemically as an antidiuretic and regulator of blood and cardiac flow essential for adapting to terrestrial environments. Moreover, vasopressin acts centrally as a neurohormone involved in social and parental behavior and stress response. Vasopressin synthesis in several cell types, storage in intracellular vesicles, and release in response to physiological stimuli are highly regulated and mediated by three distinct G protein coupled receptors. Other receptors may bind or cross-bind vasopressin. Vasopressin is regulated spatially and temporally through transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms, sex, tissue, and cell-specific receptor expression. Anomalies of vasopressin signaling have been observed in polycystic kidney disease, chronic heart failure, and neuropsychiatric conditions. Growing knowledge of the central biological roles of vasopressin has enabled pharmacological advances to treat these conditions by targeting defective systemic or central pathways utilizing specific agonists and antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Chiara Gamberi
- Biology Department, Concordia University, Montreal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada; (S.S.); (C.M.-B.); (J.O.); (K.M.); (P.H.); (T.K.); (N.A.); (C.M.A.); (M.B.); (B.B.); (M.B.); (G.B.); (R.B.); (L.B.); (Z.C.); (A.C.); (J.C.); (T.D.); (J.D.); (I.D.); (J.D.); (E.D.); (S.E.-K.); (N.F.); (A.F.); (A.F.); (M.G.); (M.C.G.); (O.G.); (A.G.); (E.G.); (E.H.); (C.H.); (T.I.); (C.K.); (S.K.); (E.K.); (H.K.K.); (T.B.U.L.); (D.L.); (Y.F.L.); (D.M.R.); (F.M.); (S.M.); (A.N.); (K.N.-D.); (C.O.-L.); (H.W.P.); (E.P.); (K.P.-C.); (L.S.P.); (M.P.); (C.-A.P.); (J.P.M.); (S.P.); (R.R.); (S.R.); (S.R.); (D.R.); (R.S.); (D.S.); (S.S.F.); (M.S.); (N.S.M.); (K.S.); (L.T.); (M.W.T.); (S.T.-H.); (S.T.-C.); (C.W.); (A.J.W.); (A.W.)
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15
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Green R, Tulloch JSP, Tunnah C, Coffey E, Lawrenson K, Fox A, Mason J, Barnett R, Constantine A, Shepherd W, Ashton M, Beadsworth MBJ, Vivancos R, Hall I, Walker N, Ghebrehewet S. COVID-19 testing in outbreak-free care homes: what are the public health benefits? J Hosp Infect 2021; 111:89-95. [PMID: 33453349 PMCID: PMC7837210 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2020.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 care home outbreaks represent a significant proportion of COVID-19 morbidity and mortality in the UK. National testing initially focused on symptomatic care home residents, before extending to asymptomatic cohorts. AIM The aim was to describe the epidemiology and transmission of COVID-19 in outbreak free care homes. METHODS A two-point prevalence survey of COVID-19, in 34 Liverpool care homes, was performed in April and May 2020. Changes in prevalence were analysed. Associations between care home characteristics, reported infection, prevention and control interventions, and COVID-19 status were described and analysed. FINDINGS No resident developed COVID-19 symptoms during the study. There was no significant difference between: the number of care homes containing at least one test positive resident between the first (17.6%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 6.8-34.5) and second round (14.7%, 95% CI 5.0-31.1) of testing (p>0.99); and the number of residents testing positive between the first (2.1%, 95% CI 1.2-3.4) and second round (1.0%, 95% CI 0.5-2.1) of testing (P=0.11). Care homes providing nursing care (risk ratio (RR) 7.99, 95% CI 1.1-57.3) and employing agency staff (RR 8.4, 95% CI 1.2-60.8) were more likely to contain test positive residents. Closing residents shared space was not associated with residents testing positive (RR 2.63, 95% CI 0.4-18.5). CONCLUSIONS Asymptomatic COVID-19 care homes showed no evidence of disease transmission or development of outbreaks; suggesting that current infection prevention and control measures are effective in preventing transmission. Repeat testing at two to three weeks had limited or no public health benefits over regular daily monitoring of staff and residents for symptoms. These results should inform policies calling for regular testing of asymptomatic residents.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Green
- Public Health England (PHE), North West, UK
| | - J S P Tulloch
- Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - C Tunnah
- Liverpool City Council, Liverpool, UK
| | - E Coffey
- Liverpool City Council, Liverpool, UK
| | | | - A Fox
- National Infection Service, Public Health England (PHE), UK
| | - J Mason
- Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - R Barnett
- Liverpool Local Medical Committee, Liverpool, UK
| | - A Constantine
- Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - W Shepherd
- Public Health England (PHE), North West, UK
| | - M Ashton
- Liverpool City Council, Liverpool, UK
| | - M B J Beadsworth
- Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - R Vivancos
- Public Health England (PHE), North West, UK
| | - I Hall
- Department of Mathematics, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - N Walker
- Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK; Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
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16
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Al Maqbali S, Fox A, Daly E, Boran G, Rakovac A. A case report of hypertriglyceridemia due to heterozygous APO CII deficiency. Atherosclerosis 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2020.10.640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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17
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Okoli C, Schwenk A, Radford M, Myland M, Taylor S, Darley A, Barnes J, Fox A, Grimson F, Reeves I, Munshi S, Croucher A, Boxall N, Benn P, Paice A, van Wyk J, Khoo S. Polypharmacy and potential drug-drug interactions for people with HIV in the UK from the Climate-HIV database. HIV Med 2020; 21:471-480. [PMID: 32671950 PMCID: PMC7497154 DOI: 10.1111/hiv.12879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Objectives People with HIV (PWHIV) are likely to need therapies for comorbidities as they age. We assessed risk of drug–drug interactions (DDIs) in PWHIV. Methods The Climate‐HIV electronic recording system was used to cross‐sectionally analyse records from PWHIV aged ≥ 18 years attending four UK HIV units with a current antiretroviral (ARV) prescription in February 2018. Antiretroviral and non‐ARV medications were categorized by clinical significance of DDIs (University of Liverpool DDI tool). Potential DDIs were predicted using treatment guidelines for commonly recorded comorbidities. Results Among 4630 PWHIV (44% female), 41% were ≥ 50 years old. The average number of non‐ARV comedications increased from < 1 for patients aged ≤ 24 years to > 5 for patients aged ≥ 75 years; 65% were taking one or more non‐ARV comedications. The median (interquartile range) number of non‐ARVs was 1 (0–2) and 2 (1–5) for those aged < 50 and ≥ 50 years, respectively. Common comorbidities/concurrent health conditions occurred more frequently in patients aged ≥ 50 years vs. < 50 (53% vs. 34%). Boosted protease inhibitors were associated with the highest proportion of contraindicated comedications; dolutegravir and raltegravir had the fewest. For non‐ARVs, sildenafil and quetiapine were most likely to result in DDIs. Guideline‐recommended treatments for hepatitis C, hepatitis B, and tuberculosis had the highest proportions of contraindications when combined with ARV regimens, while treatments for hepatitis C, malignancy, and mental health conditions had the highest proportion of combinations potentially causing DDIs requiring dose monitoring or adjustment. Conclusions Non‐ARV use by PWHIV is high and increases with age. Treatment decisions for ageing PWHIV should consider guideline recommendations for comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Okoli
- ViiV Healthcare, Brentford, UK
| | - A Schwenk
- North Middlesex University Hospital NHS Trust, London, UK
| | | | - M Myland
- IQVIA Real World Insights, UK & Ireland, London, UK
| | - S Taylor
- Birmingham Heartlands HIV Service, Department of Infection and Immunology, Birmingham Heartlands Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - A Darley
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - J Barnes
- Birmingham Heartlands HIV Service, Department of Infection and Immunology, Birmingham Heartlands Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - A Fox
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - F Grimson
- IQVIA Real World Insights, UK & Ireland, London, UK
| | - I Reeves
- Homerton University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - S Munshi
- Homerton University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - A Croucher
- Homerton University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - N Boxall
- IQVIA Real World Insights, UK & Ireland, London, UK
| | - P Benn
- ViiV Healthcare, Brentford, UK
| | - A Paice
- ViiV Healthcare, Brentford, UK
| | | | - S Khoo
- University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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18
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Zolin A, Naehrlich L, Fox A, Krasynk M, Orenti A, van Rens J. S23.2 Epidemiology of European adults with cystic fibrosis. J Cyst Fibros 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(20)30276-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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19
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Fox A, Jones G. Advanced back rehab class (ABC): is there value in adding education? Physiotherapy 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physio.2020.03.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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20
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Modi V, Mazurek J, Menachem J, Contreras J, Joshi A, Birati E, Fox A. Interplay of Pulmonary Artery Systolic Pressure and Pulmonary Vascular Resistance on Post-Transplant Survival. J Heart Lung Transplant 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2020.01.1063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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21
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Kandaswamy R, Stock PG, Gustafson SK, Skeans MA, Urban R, Fox A, Israni AK, Snyder JJ, Kasiske BL. OPTN/SRTR 2018 Annual Data Report: Pancreas. Am J Transplant 2020; 20 Suppl s1:131-192. [PMID: 31898415 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.15673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The overall number of pancreas transplants continued to increase to 1027 in 2018, after a nadir of 947 in 2015. New additions to waiting list remained stable, with 1485 candidates added in 2018. Proportions of patients with type II diabetes waiting for transplant (14.6%) and undergoing transplant (14.8%) have steadily increased since 2016. Waiting times for simultaneous pancreas/kidney transplant have decreased; median months to transplant was 13.5 for simultaneous pancreas/kidney transplant and 19.7 for pancreas transplant alone in 2018. Outcomes, including patient and kidney survival, as well as rejection rates, have improved consistently over the past several years. Pancreas graft survival data are being collected by the Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network and will be included in a future report once there are sufficient cohorts for analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Kandaswamy
- Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients, Hennepin Healthcare Research Institute, Minneapolis, MN.,Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - P G Stock
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Fran-cisco, CA
| | - S K Gustafson
- Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients, Hennepin Healthcare Research Institute, Minneapolis, MN
| | - M A Skeans
- Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients, Hennepin Healthcare Research Institute, Minneapolis, MN
| | - R Urban
- Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network, United Network for Organ Sharing, Richmond, VA
| | - A Fox
- Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network, United Network for Organ Sharing, Richmond, VA
| | - A K Israni
- Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients, Hennepin Healthcare Research Institute, Minneapolis, MN.,Department of Medicine, Hennepin Healthcare, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN.,Department of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - J J Snyder
- Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients, Hennepin Healthcare Research Institute, Minneapolis, MN.,Department of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - B L Kasiske
- Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients, Hennepin Healthcare Research Institute, Minneapolis, MN.,Department of Medicine, Hennepin Healthcare, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
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22
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Skelton A, Buxton‐Kirk A, Ward R, Harju V, Frew L, Fowkes A, Long M, Negus A, Forde S, Adams I, Pufal H, McGreig S, Weekes R, Fox A. First report of
Tomato brown rugose fruit virus
in tomato in the United Kingdom. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.5197/j.2044-0588.2019.040.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Skelton
- Fera Science LtdSand HuttonYorkYO41 1LZUK
| | | | - R. Ward
- Fera Science LtdSand HuttonYorkYO41 1LZUK
| | - V. Harju
- Fera Science LtdSand HuttonYorkYO41 1LZUK
| | - L. Frew
- Fera Science LtdSand HuttonYorkYO41 1LZUK
| | - A. Fowkes
- Fera Science LtdSand HuttonYorkYO41 1LZUK
| | - M. Long
- Fera Science LtdSand HuttonYorkYO41 1LZUK
| | - A. Negus
- Fera Science LtdSand HuttonYorkYO41 1LZUK
| | - S. Forde
- Fera Science LtdSand HuttonYorkYO41 1LZUK
| | - I.P. Adams
- Fera Science LtdSand HuttonYorkYO41 1LZUK
| | - H. Pufal
- Fera Science LtdSand HuttonYorkYO41 1LZUK
| | - S. McGreig
- Fera Science LtdSand HuttonYorkYO41 1LZUK
| | - R. Weekes
- Fera Science LtdSand HuttonYorkYO41 1LZUK
| | - A. Fox
- Fera Science LtdSand HuttonYorkYO41 1LZUK
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23
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Riccio C, Sarmiento S, Minhajuddin A, Nasir D, Fox A. Can high-flow nasal cannula reduce the incidence of desaturation in morbidly obese patients undergoing colonoscopy? A prospective, randomised clinical trial. Br J Anaesth 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bja.2019.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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24
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Naehrlich L, Fox A, Krasynk M, Orenti A, Zolin A, van Rens J. P080 The European Cystic Fibrosis Society Patient Registry (ECFSPR) data validation programme: accuracy and consistency of data. J Cyst Fibros 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(19)30374-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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25
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Kandaswamy R, Stock PG, Gustafson SK, Skeans MA, Urban R, Fox A, Odorico JS, Israni AK, Snyder JJ, Kasiske BL. OPTN/SRTR 2017 Annual Data Report: Pancreas. Am J Transplant 2019; 19 Suppl 2:124-183. [PMID: 30811891 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.15275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
In 2017, 1492 patients were added to the pancreas transplant waiting list, 964 listed as active, a slight increase from 2016. This is significant because for the first time in the past decade, the steady downward trend in additions to the waiting list has been reversed. Proportions of pancreas donors with cerebrovascular accident as cause of death decreased, with a concomitant increase in proportions with anoxia and head trauma. This is partly a result of the national opioid crisis, and it reflects increasing use of younger donors for pancreas transplant. The 2017 outcome report remains compromised by previous variation in reporting graft failure. Although the OPTN Pancreas Transplantation Committee has approved more precise definitions of pancreas graft failure, implementation of these definitions took place recently, and the data are not reflected in this report.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Kandaswamy
- Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients, Hennepin Healthcare Research Institute, Minneapolis, MN.,Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - P G Stock
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - S K Gustafson
- Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients, Hennepin Healthcare Research Institute, Minneapolis, MN
| | - M A Skeans
- Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients, Hennepin Healthcare Research Institute, Minneapolis, MN
| | - R Urban
- Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network, Richmond, VA.,United Network for Organ Sharing, Richmond, VA
| | - A Fox
- Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network, Richmond, VA.,United Network for Organ Sharing, Richmond, VA
| | - J S Odorico
- Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
| | - A K Israni
- Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients, Hennepin Healthcare Research Institute, Minneapolis, MN.,Department of Medicine, Hennepin Healthcare, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN.,Department of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - J J Snyder
- Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients, Hennepin Healthcare Research Institute, Minneapolis, MN.,Department of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - B L Kasiske
- Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients, Hennepin Healthcare Research Institute, Minneapolis, MN.,Department of Medicine, Hennepin Healthcare, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
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27
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Bonacci J, Fox A, Fuller J, Hall M, Vicenzino B. The effect of footwear and cadence on lower limb variability in runners with patellofemoral pain. J Sci Med Sport 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2018.09.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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28
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Rennie S, Ravez L, Makindu D, Fox A, Grauls B, Yemesi R, Kayembé P, Chalachala JL, Kashamuka M, Behets F. Bioethics education in Democratic Republic of Congo: Experiences and challenges. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 15:192-200. [PMID: 34135995 DOI: 10.1016/j.etiqe.2018.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In regions marked by socio-economic turmoil, the task of teaching bioethics to health professionals and researchers can be more challenging than elsewhere. To demonstrate this, in this article we describe some of our teaching experiences in the Democratic Republic of Congo over the past decade. A first difficulty is linguistic. Anglo-Saxon language and culture largely dominates the field of bioethics, complicating teaching and education for those who do not master the language. A second obstacle is conceptual. Bioethics is often misunderstood as reflection on technological developments in medicine, which distorts its objectives and narrows its scope, particularly in resource-constrained settings. A third difficulty is cultural and political. Ethics in this setting is difficult to distinguish from common morality and the work of moralists, who comment on problems in medicine from a religious standpoint. Moreover, when interacting with communities and institutions that are strongly hierarchical, the critical stance of bioethics can give rise to resistance and rejection. These are among the array of difficulties that undoubtedly have given rise to sharp critiques of bioethics training initiatives in developing countries, where the introduction of bioethics has been depicted as a form of Western imperialism. While taking these criticisms seriously, our experiences in the field show how these seemingly insurmountable difficulties can be transformed into (more or less) manageable challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Rennie
- Department of Social Medicine and Center for Bioethics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, États-Unis
| | - L Ravez
- Département Sciences-Philosophies-Sociétés, Centre de Bioéthique de l'Université de Namur, Institut, Université de Namur, rue de Bruxelles, 61, 5000 Namur, Belgique
| | - D Makindu
- École de Santé Publique, Centre Interdisciplinaire de Bioéthique pour l'Afrique Francophone (CIBAF), Université de Kinshasa, République Démocratique du Congo.,Université Pédagogique Nationale, République Démocratique du Congo
| | - A Fox
- Département Sciences-Philosophies-Sociétés, Centre de Bioéthique de l'Université de Namur, Institut, Université de Namur, rue de Bruxelles, 61, 5000 Namur, Belgique
| | - B Grauls
- Département Sciences-Philosophies-Sociétés, Centre de Bioéthique de l'Université de Namur, Institut, Université de Namur, rue de Bruxelles, 61, 5000 Namur, Belgique
| | - R Yemesi
- Université Pédagogique Nationale, République Démocratique du Congo.,Université de Lodja, République Démocratique du Congo
| | - P Kayembé
- École de Santé Publique, République Démocratique du Congo
| | - J L Chalachala
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, DRC Country Representative, Family Planning Country Action Process Evaluation (FP CAPE)/Carolina Population Center, États-Unis
| | - M Kashamuka
- École de Santé Publique, République Démocratique du Congo
| | - F Behets
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, États-Unis
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29
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Willis C, Jørgensen F, Aird H, Elviss N, Fox A, Jenkins C, Fenelon D, Sadler-Reeves L, McLauchlin J. An assessment of the microbiological quality and safety of raw drinking milk on retail sale in England. J Appl Microbiol 2018; 124:535-546. [PMID: 29215775 DOI: 10.1111/jam.13660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to review the microbiological results for raw drinking milk (RDM) samples submitted to Public Health England laboratories between 2014 and 2016 in order to produce up-to-date data on the microbiological safety of RDM and inform future risk assessments on its sale. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 902 samples of RDM were collected from retail sale in England for microbiological examination. Overall, 454 of 770 samples (59·0%) taken for routine monitoring were of a satisfactory quality, whilst eight (1·0%) were 'unsatisfactory and potentially injurious to health' due to the presence of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli, Campylobacter or elevated levels of Listeria monocytogenes or coagulase-positive staphylococci. In contrast, 16 of 114 (14·0%) of samples taken in follow-up to a previous unsatisfactory result and 5 of 18 (27·8%) of samples related to illness were potentially injurious. A total of 229 of 902 samples (25·4%) gave unsatisfactory results due to elevated aerobic colony counts and/or coliforms, whilst 139 of 902 samples (15·4%) were of borderline quality due to coagulase-positive staphylococci. Listeria monocytogenes was detected at levels of <100 CFU per ml in 66 of 902 samples (7·3%) and other Listeria species in 44 of 902 samples (4·9%). CONCLUSIONS Pathogens and/or indicators of poor hygiene were present in almost half of samples examined. Cows' milk samples gave a significantly greater proportion of unsatisfactory results compared to milk from other species (i.e. goat, sheep, buffalo, camel). SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY These results demonstrate the importance of maintaining strict controls on the production and sale of this product.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Willis
- Public Health England Food Water and Environmental Microbiology Laboratory Porton, Salisbury, UK
| | - F Jørgensen
- Public Health England Food Water and Environmental Microbiology Laboratory Porton, Salisbury, UK
| | - H Aird
- Public Health England Food Water and Environmental Microbiology Laboratory York, York, UK
| | - N Elviss
- Public Health England Food Water and Environmental Microbiology Laboratory London, Colindale, London, UK
| | - A Fox
- Public Health England Food Water and Environmental Microbiology Laboratory York, York, UK
| | - C Jenkins
- Gastrointestinal Bacteria Reference Unit, Public Health England, Colindale, London, UK
| | - D Fenelon
- Public Health England Food Water and Environmental Microbiology Laboratory London, Colindale, London, UK
| | - L Sadler-Reeves
- Public Health England Food Water and Environmental Microbiology Laboratory Porton, Salisbury, UK
| | - J McLauchlin
- Public Health England Food Water and Environmental Microbiology Services, Colindale, London, UK.,Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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Shore S, Soni M, Hilbman A, Patel P, Mazurek J, Justice C, Fox A, Tanna M, Molina M, Wald J, Atluri P, Bermudez C, Goldberg L, Rame J, Birati E. Pump Exchange after Left Ventricular Assist Device Implantation: Indications and Outcomes. J Heart Lung Transplant 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2018.01.942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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31
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Shore S, Soni M, Hilbman A, Patel P, Mazurek J, Justice C, Guarracino D, Molina M, Wald J, Atluri P, Bermudez C, Fox A, Tanna M, Goldberg L, Rame J, Birati E. Predictors for Left Ventricular Assist Device Thrombosis. J Heart Lung Transplant 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2018.01.941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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32
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Ayers M, Clark K, Mazurek J, Zamani P, Fox A, Forde-McLean R, Rame J. Phosphodiesterase-type 5 Inhibition for Refractory Pre-capillary PH in Advanced Heart Failure is Associated with Increased Early Mortality Post Heart Transplant. J Heart Lung Transplant 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2018.01.1084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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Guidi J, Troutman G, Birati E, Wald J, Fox A, Ortega-Legaspi J, Bermudez C, Horak J, Gutsche J, Justice C, Guarracino D, Shay W, Atluri P, Acker M, Rame J. Survival in Intermacs 1 & 2 Patients After LVAD Therapy: Does Chronicity of Heart Failure Matter? J Heart Lung Transplant 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2018.01.307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Halazun KJ, Rana AA, Fortune B, Quillin RC, Verna EC, Samstein B, Guarrera JV, Kato T, Griesemer AD, Fox A, Brown RS, Emond JC. No country for old livers? Examining and optimizing the utilization of elderly liver grafts. Am J Transplant 2018; 18:669-678. [PMID: 28960723 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.14518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Revised: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Of the 1.6 million patients >70 years of age who died of stroke since 2002, donor livers were retrieved from only 2402 (0.15% yield rate). Despite reports of successful liver transplantation (LT) with elderly grafts (EG), advanced donor age is considered a risk for poor outcomes. Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services definitions of an "eligible death" for donation excludes patients >70 years of age, creating disincentives to donation. We investigated utilization and outcomes of recipients of donors >70 through analysis of a United Network for Organ Sharing Standard Transplant Analysis and Research-file of adult LTs from 2002 to 2014. Survival analysis was conducted using Kaplan-Meier curves, and Cox regression was used to identify factors influencing outcomes of EG recipients. Three thousand one hundred four livers from donors >70, ≈40% of which were used in 2 regions: 2 (520/3104) and 9 (666/3104). Unadjusted survival was significantly worse among recipients of EG compared to recipients of younger grafts (P < .0001). Eight independent negative predictors of survival in recipients of EG were identified on multivariable analysis. Survival of low-risk recipients who received EG was significantly better than survival of recipients of younger grafts (P = .04). Outcomes of recipients of EG can therefore be optimized to equal outcomes of younger grafts. Given the large number of stroke deaths in patients >70 years of age, the yield rate of EGs can be maximized and disincentives removed to help resolve the organ shortage crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- K J Halazun
- Division of Liver Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.,Center for Liver Disease and Transplantation, Columbia University Medical Center, NY Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - A A Rana
- Division of Abdominal Transplantation and Division of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - B Fortune
- Division of Liver Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - R C Quillin
- Center for Liver Disease and Transplantation, Columbia University Medical Center, NY Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - E C Verna
- Center for Liver Disease and Transplantation, Columbia University Medical Center, NY Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - B Samstein
- Division of Liver Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.,Center for Liver Disease and Transplantation, Columbia University Medical Center, NY Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - J V Guarrera
- Center for Liver Disease and Transplantation, Columbia University Medical Center, NY Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - T Kato
- Center for Liver Disease and Transplantation, Columbia University Medical Center, NY Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - A D Griesemer
- Center for Liver Disease and Transplantation, Columbia University Medical Center, NY Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - A Fox
- Center for Liver Disease and Transplantation, Columbia University Medical Center, NY Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - R S Brown
- Division of Liver Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.,Center for Liver Disease and Transplantation, Columbia University Medical Center, NY Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA.,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - J C Emond
- Center for Liver Disease and Transplantation, Columbia University Medical Center, NY Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
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Kandaswamy R, Stock PG, Gustafson SK, Skeans MA, Curry MA, Prentice MA, Fox A, Israni AK, Snyder JJ, Kasiske BL. OPTN/SRTR 2016 Annual Data Report: Pancreas. Am J Transplant 2018; 18 Suppl 1:114-171. [PMID: 29292605 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.14558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The number of pancreas transplants performed in the United States increased by 7.0% in 2016 over the previous year, the first such increase in more than a decade, largely attributable to an increase in simultaneous kidney pancreas transplants. Transplant rates increased in 2016, and mortality on the waiting list decreased. The declining enthusiasm for pancreas after kidney (PAK) transplants persisted. The uniform definition of graft failure was approved by the OPTN Board of Directors in 2015 and will be implemented in early 2018. Meanwhile, SRTR continues to refrain from reporting pancreas graft failure data. The OPTN/UNOS Pancreas Transplantation Committee is seeking to broaden allocation of pancreata across compatible ABO blood types in a proposal out for public comment July 31 to October 2, 2017. A new initiative to provide guidance on the benefits of PAK transplants is also out for public comment.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Kandaswamy
- Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients, Minneapolis Medical Research Foundation, Minneapolis, MN.,Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - P G Stock
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - S K Gustafson
- Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients, Minneapolis Medical Research Foundation, Minneapolis, MN
| | - M A Skeans
- Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients, Minneapolis Medical Research Foundation, Minneapolis, MN
| | - M A Curry
- Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network, Richmond, VA.,United Network for Organ Sharing, Richmond, VA
| | - M A Prentice
- Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network, Richmond, VA.,United Network for Organ Sharing, Richmond, VA
| | - A Fox
- Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network, Richmond, VA.,United Network for Organ Sharing, Richmond, VA
| | - A K Israni
- Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients, Minneapolis Medical Research Foundation, Minneapolis, MN.,Department of Medicine, Hennepin County Medical Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN.,Department of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - J J Snyder
- Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients, Minneapolis Medical Research Foundation, Minneapolis, MN.,Department of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - B L Kasiske
- Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients, Minneapolis Medical Research Foundation, Minneapolis, MN.,Department of Medicine, Hennepin County Medical Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
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De Clippele LH, Huvenne VAI, Orejas C, Lundälv T, Fox A, Hennige SJ, Roberts JM. The effect of local hydrodynamics on the spatial extent and morphology of cold-water coral habitats at Tisler Reef, Norway. Coral Reefs 2017; 37:253-266. [PMID: 31258386 PMCID: PMC6566294 DOI: 10.1007/s00338-017-1653-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
This study demonstrates how cold-water coral morphology and habitat distribution are shaped by local hydrodynamics, using high-definition video from Tisler Reef, an inshore reef in Norway. A total of 334 video frames collected on the north-west (NW) and south-east (SE) side of the reef were investigated for Lophelia pertusa coral cover and morphology and for the cover of the associated sponges Mycale lingua and Geodia sp. Our results showed that the SE side was a better habitat for L. pertusa (including live and dead colonies). Low cover of Geodia sp. was found on both sides of Tisler Reef. In contrast, Mycale lingua had higher percentage cover, especially on the NW side of the reef. Bush-shaped colonies of L. pertusa with elongated branches were the most abundant coral morphology on Tisler Reef. The highest abundance and density of this morphology were found on the SE side of the reef, while a higher proportion of cauliflower-shaped corals with short branches were found on the NW side. The proportion of very small L. pertusa colonies was also significantly higher on the SE side of the reef. The patterns in coral spatial distribution and morphology were related to local hydrodynamics-there were more frequent periods of downwelling currents on the SE side-and to the availability of suitable settling substrates. These factors make the SE region of Tisler Reef more suitable for coral growth. Understanding the impact of local hydrodynamics on the spatial extent and morphology of coral, and their relation to associated organisms such as sponges, is key to understanding the past and future development of the reef.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. H. De Clippele
- School of Energy, Geoscience, Infrastructure and Society, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS UK
| | - V. A. I. Huvenne
- Marine Geoscience, National Oceanography Centre, University of Southampton Waterfront Campus, European Way, Southampton, SO14 3ZH UK
| | - C. Orejas
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Baleares, 07015 Palma, Mallorca Spain
| | - T. Lundälv
- The Swedish Institute for the Marine Environment, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - A. Fox
- School of Geosciences, King’s Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FE UK
| | - S. J. Hennige
- School of Geosciences, King’s Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FE UK
| | - J. M. Roberts
- School of Geosciences, King’s Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FE UK
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Abstract
UNLABELLED A PRISMA-guided systematic review was performed of all published cases that detail the use of venous flaps for soft tissue reconstruction of the hand following trauma. Outcome measures examined included flap survival rates, venous congestion, and return to theatre. Database searches were performed on Medline, Embase, AHMED, CINAHL. A total of 381 articles were identified. Data were extracted from 45 articles that met inclusion criteria. A total of 756 flaps were described and their data analysed. A total of 75% of flaps were arterialized and 25% were pure venous flaps. There was no difference in survival rate for arterialized or pure venous flaps. Unplanned return to theatre occurred in 5.3% due to flap compromise or necrosis. Early venous congestion was present in 60% of cases. Total early failure requiring re-operation occurred in 19 flaps (2.5%) of cases. Venous flaps offer a versatile and well-tolerated reconstructive option. Early venous congestion is common, but can be managed non-operatively. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE II.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Wharton
- 1 Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,2 Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - H Creasy
- 2 Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - C Bain
- 2 Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - M James
- 2 Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - A Fox
- 2 Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Pallari E, Fox A, Lewison G. Cancer Clinical Practice Guidelines: Evaluation of ESMO, NICE and SIGN diversity. Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx385.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Rizzari JR, Semmens JM, Fox A, Huveneers C. Observations of marine wildlife tourism effects on a non-focal species. J Fish Biol 2017; 91:981-988. [PMID: 28758213 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.13389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A radio-acoustic positioning system was used to assess the effects of shark cage-diving operators (SCDO) on the fine-scale movements of a non-focal species, the smooth stingray Bathytoshia brevicaudata. The results revealed that the time spent in the array was individually variable, but generally increased when SCDO were present and that the presence of SCDO may have the capacity to elicit changes in the space use of B. brevicaudata. These results indicate that the effects of marine wildlife tourism may extend beyond the focal species of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Rizzari
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Centre, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
| | - J M Semmens
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Centre, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
| | - A Fox
- Fox Shark Research Foundation, Adelaide, South Australia 5070, Australia
| | - C Huveneers
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia 5042, Australia
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Fox A, van Ampting M, Nijhuis MO, Wopereis H, Butt A, Peroni D, Vandenplas Y, Candy D, Shah N, West C, Garssen J, Knol J, Harthoorn L, Michaelis L. P35: AMINO ACID-BASED FORMULA WITH SYNBIOTICS MODIFIES GUT MICROBIOTA IN NON-IGE MEDIATED COW’S MILK ALLERGIC INFANTS. Intern Med J 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/imj.35_13578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Fox
- Guy’s & St Thomas’ Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; London UK
| | - M van Ampting
- Nutricia Research, Nutricia Advanced Medical Nutrition; Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - MO Nijhuis
- Nutricia Research, Nutricia Advanced Medical Nutrition; Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - H Wopereis
- Nutricia Research, Nutricia Advanced Medical Nutrition; Utrecht The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Microbiology; Wageningen University; Wageningen The Netherlands
| | - A Butt
- Royal Alexandra Children’s Hospital; Brighton UK
| | - D Peroni
- University Hospital Verona; Verona Italy
| | | | - D Candy
- Royal Alexandra Children’s Hospital; Brighton UK
| | - N Shah
- Great Ormond Street Hospital; London UK
| | - C West
- Umeå University; Umeå Sweden
| | - J Garssen
- Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences; Utrecht University; Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - J Knol
- Nutricia Research, Nutricia Advanced Medical Nutrition; Utrecht The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Microbiology; Wageningen University; Wageningen The Netherlands
| | - L Harthoorn
- Nutricia Research, Nutricia Advanced Medical Nutrition; Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - L Michaelis
- Great North Children’s Hospital; Newcastle upon Tyne UK
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41
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Tippu Z, Irani T, Fox A, Aitken E. 7THE APPROPRIATE USE OF CONSENT FORMS PRE-OPERATIVELY FOR ORTHOGERIATRIC PATIENTS. Age Ageing 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afx115.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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42
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Fox A, Mumford RA. Plant viruses and viroids in the United Kingdom: An analysis of first detections and novel discoveries from 1980 to 2014. Virus Res 2017; 241:10-18. [PMID: 28690070 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2017.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This review covers 35 years (1980-2014) representing a period of changing land use and agricultural practices in the United Kingdom (UK), which have also witnessed a marked change in the availability and application of new diagnostic technologies. During this period there have been 53 first records of viruses and viroids, of which 36 were first UK findings and a further 17 previously undescribed viruses. Given the challenges in detection and diagnosis of plant viruses, the field of plant virology has been an early adopter of new diagnostic technologies and these data highlight the transition from a reliance on biological, morphological, and serological based identification to the increased application of nucleic acid based detection methods and latterly the emergence of Next-Generation Sequencing. This review presents a comprehensive record of these findings and an analysis of how the potential drivers of change such as commodity based research, trade, as well as the application of diagnostic technology, could have influenced the frequency and type of findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Fox
- Fera Science Ltd., Sand Hutton, York, YO41 1LZ, UK.
| | - R A Mumford
- Fera Science Ltd., Sand Hutton, York, YO41 1LZ, UK
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Short AK, Yeshurun S, Powell R, Perreau VM, Fox A, Kim JH, Pang TY, Hannan AJ. Exercise alters mouse sperm small noncoding RNAs and induces a transgenerational modification of male offspring conditioned fear and anxiety. Transl Psychiatry 2017; 7:e1114. [PMID: 28463242 PMCID: PMC5534950 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2017.82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
There is growing evidence that the preconceptual lifestyle and other environmental exposures of a father can significantly alter the physiological and behavioral phenotypes of their children. We and others have shown that paternal preconception stress, regardless of whether the stress was experienced during early-life or adulthood, results in offspring with altered anxiety and depression-related behaviors, attributed to hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis dysregulation. The transgenerational response to paternal preconceptual stress is believed to be mediated by sperm-borne small noncoding RNAs, specifically microRNAs. As physical activity confers physical and mental health benefits for the individual, we used a model of voluntary wheel-running and investigated the transgenerational response to paternal exercise. We found that male offspring of runners had suppressed reinstatement of juvenile fear memory, and reduced anxiety in the light-dark apparatus during adulthood. No changes in these affective behaviors were observed in female offspring. We were surprised to find that running had a limited impact on sperm-borne microRNAs. The levels of three unique microRNAs (miR-19b, miR-455 and miR-133a) were found to be altered in the sperm of runners. In addition, we discovered that the levels of two species of tRNA-derived RNAs (tDRs)-tRNA-Gly and tRNA-Pro-were also altered by running. Taken together, we believe this is the first evidence that paternal exercise is associated with an anxiolytic behavioral phenotype of male offspring and altered levels of small noncoding RNAs in sperm. These small noncoding RNAs are known to have an impact on post-transcriptional gene regulation and can thus change the developmental trajectory of offspring brains and associated affective behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Short
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne Brain Centre, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Pediatrics and Anatomy/Neurobiology, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - S Yeshurun
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne Brain Centre, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - R Powell
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne Brain Centre, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - V M Perreau
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne Brain Centre, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - A Fox
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne Brain Centre, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - J H Kim
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne Brain Centre, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - T Y Pang
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne Brain Centre, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - A J Hannan
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne Brain Centre, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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Fox A, Pichon B, Wilkinson H, Doumith M, Hill R, McLauchlin J, Kearns A. Detection and molecular characterization of Livestock-Associated MRSA in raw meat on retail sale in North West England. Lett Appl Microbiol 2017; 64:239-245. [DOI: 10.1111/lam.12709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Revised: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Fox
- Public Health England; Food Water and Environmental Microbiology Services; Preston Laboratory; Preston UK
| | - B. Pichon
- Antimicrobial Resistance and Healthcare Infections Reference Unit; National Infection Service; Public Health England; London UK
| | - H. Wilkinson
- Public Health England; Food Water and Environmental Microbiology Services; Preston Laboratory; Preston UK
| | - M. Doumith
- Antimicrobial Resistance and Healthcare Infections Reference Unit; National Infection Service; Public Health England; London UK
| | - R.L.R. Hill
- Antimicrobial Resistance and Healthcare Infections Reference Unit; National Infection Service; Public Health England; London UK
| | - J. McLauchlin
- Public Health England Food Water and Environmental Microbiology Services; London UK
- Institute of Infection and Global Health; University of Liverpool; Liverpool UK
| | - A.M. Kearns
- Antimicrobial Resistance and Healthcare Infections Reference Unit; National Infection Service; Public Health England; London UK
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45
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Fox A, Bonacci J, McLean S, Saunders N. Exploring individual adaptations to an anterior cruciate ligament injury prevention program. J Sci Med Sport 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2017.01.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Owen M, Jorgensen F, Willis C, McLauchlin J, Elviss N, Aird H, Fox A, Kaye M, Lane C, de Pinna E. The occurrence of Salmonella spp. in duck eggs on sale at retail or from catering in England. Lett Appl Microbiol 2016; 63:335-339. [PMID: 27561893 DOI: 10.1111/lam.12660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Revised: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Since 2010, human salmonellosis outbreaks in the UK have been detected as associated with the consumption of duck eggs. Little data are available on the rate of occurrence of Salmonella in duck eggs. The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of Salmonella spp. in duck eggs on sale and from catering in England during 2011, particularly those from small-scale production. All samples were collected independently of human salmonellosis outbreak investigations. Composite samples of 6-10 eggs (shells and contents were examined separately) were examined for the presence of Salmonella spp. using the ISO 6579:2002 method. Salmonella spp. was recovered from two of 145 samples (1·4%). In one sample, Salmonella Typhimurium DT 8 was isolated from the shells while Salm. Typhimurium DT 8 and Salm. Typhimurium DT30 were isolated from the contents. Salmonella Typhimurium DT8 was isolated from the egg shells only in the second contaminated sample. This study provides baseline data for risk assessors, regulators and the food industry and may be helpful in communicating risks associated with the consumption of this product as well as evaluating risk management options to control food safety including vaccination of ducks. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Human salmonellosis outbreaks in England and Northern Ireland due to Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium definitive phage type (DT) 8 have been identified as associated with the consumption of duck eggs since 2010. This study has shown that Salmonella spp. was detected in 1·4% of ducks egg samples providing baseline data for risk assessors, regulators and the food industry. This may be helpful in communicating risks associated with the consumption of this product as well as evaluating risk management options to control food safety including vaccination of ducks.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Owen
- Food Water and Environmental Microbiology Laboratory Porton, Public Health England, Salisbury, UK
| | - F Jorgensen
- Food Water and Environmental Microbiology Laboratory Porton, Public Health England, Salisbury, UK.
| | - C Willis
- Food Water and Environmental Microbiology Laboratory Porton, Public Health England, Salisbury, UK
| | - J McLauchlin
- Food Water and Environmental Microbiology Services, Public Health England, London, UK.,University of Liverpool, Institute of Infection and Global Health, Liverpool, UK
| | - N Elviss
- Food Water and Environmental Microbiology Services, Public Health England, London, UK
| | - H Aird
- Food Water and Environmental Microbiology Laboratory York, Public Health England, National Agri-Food Innovation Campus, York, UK
| | - A Fox
- Food Water and Environmental Microbiology Laboratory Preston, Public Health England, Royal Preston Hospital, Preston, UK
| | - M Kaye
- Food Water and Environmental Microbiology Laboratory Birmingham, Public Health England, Good Hope Hospital, Sutton Coldfield, UK
| | - C Lane
- Gastrointestinal Emerging and Zoonotic Infections Department, Public Health England, London, UK
| | - E de Pinna
- Gastrointestinal Bacteria Reference Unit, Public Health England, London, UK
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Huveneers C, Klebe S, Fox A, Bruce B, Robbins R, Borucinska JD, Jones R, Z Michael M. First histological examination of a neoplastic lesion from a free-swimming white shark, Carcharodon carcharias L. J Fish Dis 2016; 39:1269-1273. [PMID: 27075715 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2015] [Revised: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C Huveneers
- School of Biological Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - S Klebe
- Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, Flinders Medical Centre, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - A Fox
- Fox Shark Research Foundation, Joslin, SA, Australia
| | - B Bruce
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - R Robbins
- Fox Shark Research Foundation, Joslin, SA, Australia
| | - J D Borucinska
- Biology Department, University of Hartford, West Hartford, Connecticut, USA
| | - R Jones
- The Aquarium Vet, Moorabbin, Vic., Australia
| | - M Z Michael
- Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer, Flinders Medical Centre, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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Calleja P, Harvey T, Fox A, Carmichael M. Feedback and clinical practice improvement: A tool to assist workplace supervisors and students. Nurse Educ Pract 2016; 17:167-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nepr.2015.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Revised: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Chin PKL, Fox A, Marais M, Tiong J. Screening coagulation tests are underutilised in patients on dabigatran presenting with thromboembolic or haemorrhagic events. Intern Med J 2016; 46:240-1. [DOI: 10.1111/imj.12970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 07/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. K. L. Chin
- Department of Medicine; University of Otago; Christchurch New Zealand
| | - A. Fox
- 2Department of General Medicine; Christchurch Hospital, Canterbury District Health Board; Canterbury New Zealand
| | - M. Marais
- 2Department of General Medicine; Christchurch Hospital, Canterbury District Health Board; Canterbury New Zealand
| | - J. Tiong
- 2Department of General Medicine; Christchurch Hospital, Canterbury District Health Board; Canterbury New Zealand
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Sadler-Reeves L, Aird H, de Pinna E, Elviss N, Fox A, Kaye M, Jorgensen F, Lane C, Willis C, McLauchlin J. The occurrence of Salmonella
in raw and ready-to-eat bean sprouts and sprouted seeds on retail sale in England and Northern Ireland. Lett Appl Microbiol 2016; 62:126-9. [DOI: 10.1111/lam.12530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Revised: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. Sadler-Reeves
- Public Health England Food Water and Environmental Microbiology Laboratory Porton; Porton Down; Salisbury UK
| | - H. Aird
- Public Health England Food Water and Environmental Microbiology Laboratory York; York UK
| | - E. de Pinna
- Public Health England Gastrointestinal Bacteria Reference Unit; Public Health England, Colindale; London UK
| | - N. Elviss
- Public Health England Food Water and Environmental Microbiology Laboratory London; London UK
| | - A. Fox
- Public Health England Food Water and Environmental Microbiology Laboratory Preston; Royal Preston Hospital; Preston UK
| | - M. Kaye
- Public Health England Food Water and Environmental Microbiology Laboratory Birmingham; Good Hope Hospital; Sutton Coldfield UK
| | - F. Jorgensen
- Public Health England Food Water and Environmental Microbiology Laboratory Porton; Porton Down; Salisbury UK
| | - C. Lane
- Gastrointestinal, Emerging and Zoonotic Infections Department; Public Health England, Colindale; London UK
| | - C. Willis
- Public Health England Food Water and Environmental Microbiology Laboratory Porton; Porton Down; Salisbury UK
| | - J. McLauchlin
- Food Water and Environmental Microbiology Services; Public Health England; London UK
- Institute of Infection and Global Health; University of Liverpool; Liverpool UK
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