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Zumpf C, Cacho J, Grasse N, Quinn J, Hampton-Marcell J, Armstrong A, Campbell P, Negri MC, Lee DK. Influence of shrub willow buffers strategically integrated in an Illinois corn-soybean field on soil health and microbial community composition. Sci Total Environ 2021; 772:145674. [PMID: 33663956 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Soil serves many important ecological functions and is an integral part of our existence as a society. However, concerns for soil health are growing globally, in part due to the negative impacts of agricultural management on soil resources. The production of perennial bioenergy crops on marginal land in row-crop production systems is one solution that could improve land-use efficiency and address the sustainability of cropland management. Because the relationship between crop management and the environment is complex, more research is needed to evaluate the potential benefits perennial bioenergy crop production has on soil health, as well as other ecosystem services. In this study, shrub willow buffers were strategically integrated into a corn-soybean cropping system with the main objective of reducing nitrate-N leaching from grain crop production while producing biomass for bioenergy. Two buffer systems (defined by landscape positions) were included for comparison, one on marginal land with exposure to nitrate-N leaching from upslope grain (southern plots) and one on fertile soils with less nitrate-N leaching potential (northern plots). Evaluation of soil (chemistry, bulk density, microbial community) and shrub willow vegetation properties (fine roots, leaf litter decomposition, and nutrient uptake dynamics), showed that landscape position plays an important role in (1) the dynamics of soil chemical properties, (2) shrub willow's influence and productivity, and (3) the provision of additional ecosystem services such as reductions in nitrous oxide emissions and nitrate-N leaching. In addition, the combination of crop type and landscape position (N-grain, N-willow, S-grain, and S-willow) influenced the species composition of the soil microbial community, resulting in unique and identifiable communities. These results highlight the potential application of shrub willow buffers for ecosystem service provision and support of ecosystem processes; however, understanding the relationship between the microbial community, crop type, and landscape is important for understanding the sustainability of the design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colleen Zumpf
- Argonne National Laboratory, Environmental Science Division, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Lemont, IL 60439, USA.
| | - Jules Cacho
- Argonne National Laboratory, Environmental Science Division, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - Nora Grasse
- Argonne National Laboratory, Environmental Science Division, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - John Quinn
- Argonne National Laboratory, Environmental Science Division, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - Jarrad Hampton-Marcell
- Argonne National Laboratory, Bioscience Division, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - Abigail Armstrong
- Argonne National Laboratory, Environmental Science Division, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - Patty Campbell
- Argonne National Laboratory, Environmental Science Division, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - M Cristina Negri
- Argonne National Laboratory, Environmental Science Division, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - D K Lee
- University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Crop Science Department, 1102 S. Goodwin Ave., Urbana, IL, USA
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Meyerov J, Louis M, Lee DK, Fletcher L, Banyasz D, Miles LF, Ma R, Tosif S, Koshy AN, Story DA, Bellomo R, Weinberg L. Associations between preoperative anaemia and hospital costs following major abdominal surgery: cohort study. BJS Open 2021; 5:6218127. [PMID: 33834189 PMCID: PMC8032965 DOI: 10.1093/bjsopen/zraa070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Determining the cost-effectiveness and sustainability of patient blood management programmes relies on quantifying the economic burden of preoperative anaemia. This retrospective cohort study aimed to evaluate the hospital costs attributable to preoperative anaemia in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery. Methods Patients who underwent major abdominal surgery between 2010 and 2018 were included. The association between preoperative patient haemoglobin (Hb) concentration and hospital costs was evaluated by curve estimation based on the least-square method. The in-hospital cost of index admission was calculated using an activity-based costing methodology. Multivariable regression analysis and propensity score matching were used to estimate the effects of Hb concentration on variables related directly to hospital costs. Results A total of 1286 patients were included. The median overall cost was US $18 476 (i.q.r.13 784–27 880), and 568 patients (44.2 per cent) had a Hb level below 13.0 g/dl. Patients with a preoperative Hb level below 9.0 g/dl had total hospital costs that were 50.6 (95 per cent c.i. 14.1 to 98.9) per cent higher than those for patients with a preoperative Hb level of 9.0–13.0 g/dl (P < 0.001), 72.5 (30.6 to 128.0) per cent higher than costs for patients with a Hb concentration of 13.1–15.0 g/dl (P < 0.001), and 62.4 (21.8 to 116.7) per cent higher than those for patients with a Hb level greater than 15.0 g/dl (P < 0.001). Multivariable general linear modelling showed that packed red blood cell (PRBC) transfusions were a principal cost driver in patients with a Hb concentration below 9.0 g/dl. Conclusion Patients with the lowest Hb concentration incurred the highest hospital costs, which were strongly associated with increased PRBC transfusions. Costs and possible complications may be decreased by treating preoperative anaemia, particularly more severe anaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Meyerov
- Department of Anaesthesia, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
| | - M Louis
- Department of Anaesthesia, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
| | - D K Lee
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Guro-Gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - L Fletcher
- Department of Anaesthesia, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
| | - D Banyasz
- Department of Anaesthesia, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
| | - L F Miles
- Department of Anaesthesia, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
| | - R Ma
- Business Intelligence Unit, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
| | - S Tosif
- Department of Anaesthesia, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
| | - A N Koshy
- Department of Cardiology, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
| | - D A Story
- Department of Critical Care, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - R Bellomo
- Department of Critical Care, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Intensive Care, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia.,Data Analytics Research and Evaluation Centre, Austin Hospital and University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - L Weinberg
- Department of Anaesthesia, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Critical Care, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,University of Melbourne Department of Surgery, Austin Health, Victoria, Australia
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Lee DK, Kang MS, Cho H. MRI size assessment of cerebral microvasculature using diffusion-time-dependent stimulated-echo acquisition: A feasibility study in rodent. Neuroimage 2020; 215:116784. [PMID: 32276059 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, a stimulated-echo (STE) method was employed to robustify the cerebral vessel size estimation near air-tissue, bone-tissue interfaces, and large vessels. The proposed solution is to replace the relaxation rate change from gradient-echo (GRE) with that from STE with long diffusion time after the injection of an intravascular contrast agent, superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles. The corresponding diffusion length of STE is shorter than the length over which the unwanted macroscopic field inhomogeneities but is still longer than the correlation length of the fields induced by small vessels. Therefore, the unwanted field inhomogeneities are refocused, while preserving microscopic susceptibility contrast from cerebral vessels. The mean vessel diameter (dimensionless) derived from the diffusion-time-varying STE method was compared to the mean vessel diameter obtained by a conventional spin-echo (SE) and GRE combination based on Monte-Carlo proton diffusion simulations and in vivo rat experiments at 7 T. The in vivo mean vessel diameter from the MRI experiments was directly compared to available reference mouse brain vasculature obtained by a knife-edge scanning microscope (KESM), which is considered to be the gold standard. Monte-Carlo simulation revealed that SE and GRE-based MR relaxation rate changes (ΔR2 and ΔR2∗, respectively) can be enhanced using single STE-based MR relaxation rate change (ΔRSTE) by regulating diffusion time, especially for small vessels. The in vivo mean vessel diameter from the STE method demonstrated a closer agreement with that from the KESM compared to the combined SE and GRE method, especially in the olfactory bulb and cortex. This study demonstrates that STE relaxation rate changes can be used as consistent measures for assessing small cerebral microvasculature, where macroscopic field inhomogeneity is severe and signal contamination from adjacent large vessels is significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- D K Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea
| | - M S Kang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea
| | - H Cho
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea.
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Cheng MH, Dien BS, Lee DK, Singh V. Sugar production from bioenergy sorghum by using pilot scale continuous hydrothermal pretreatment combined with disk refining. Bioresour Technol 2019; 289:121663. [PMID: 31234074 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Chemical-free pretreatments are attracting increased interest because they generate less inhibitor in hydrolysates. In this study, pilot-scaled continuous hydrothermal (PCH) pretreatment followed by disk refining was evaluated and compared to laboratory-scale batch hot water (LHW) pretreatment. Bioenergy sorghum bagasse (BSB) was pretreated at 160-190 °C for 10 min with and without subsequent disk milling. Hydrothermal pretreatment and disk milling synergistically improved glucose and xylose release by 10-20% compared to hydrothermal pretreatment alone. Maximum yields of glucose and xylose of 82.55% and 70.78%, respectively were achieved, when BSB was pretreated at 190 °C and 180 °C followed by disk milling. LHW pretreated BSB had 5-15% higher sugar yields compared to PCH for all pretreatment conditions. The surface area improvement was also performed. PCH pretreatment combined with disk milling increased BSB surface area by 31.80-106.93%, which was greater than observed using LHW pretreatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Hsun Cheng
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Bruce S Dien
- Bioenergy Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, USDA-ARS, Peoria, IL 61604, USA
| | - D K Lee
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Vijay Singh
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
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Lee DK, Liu Y, Liao L, Li W, Danielpour D, Xu J. Neuroendocrine prostate carcinoma cells originate from the p63-expressing basal cells but not the pre-existing adenocarcinoma cells in mice. Cell Res 2019; 29:420-422. [PMID: 30778177 DOI: 10.1038/s41422-019-0149-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Kee Lee
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, and Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Yonghong Liu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, and Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Lan Liao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, and Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Wenliang Li
- Texas Therapeutics Institute, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - David Danielpour
- Division of General Medical Sciences-Oncology, and Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Jianming Xu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, and Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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Lee Y, Kim SJ, Kim YS, Kim H, Lee DK, Lee J, Go TH, Cha YS. The usefulness of the SOFA and APACHE II scoring systems for the early prediction of mortality in patients with dapsone poisoning. Hum Exp Toxicol 2018; 38:280-287. [DOI: 10.1177/0960327118806647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The rate of mortality from dapsone poisoning is high because of the long absorption half-life of dapsone. This study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of the sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) and acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II (APACHE II) scoring systems for the early prediction of mortality in patients with dapsone poisoning. This is a retrospective and observational study of consecutive patients diagnosed with dapsone poisoning. The SOFA and APACHE II scores were obtained within the first 24 h of admission. Patients were divided into survivor and non-survivor groups. In total, 106 patients were included. The SOFA scores of the survivor and non-survivor groups were 1 (0–8) and 4 (1–10), respectively ( p < 0.001). The APACHE II scores of the survivor and non-survivor groups were 9 (1–25) and 14 (3–23), respectively ( p < 0.001). Based on these scores and in-hospital mortality cases, the standardized mortality ratios for the APACHE II and SOFA were 1.00 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.64–1.48) and 1.00 (95% CI: 0.64–1.49), respectively. In the model adjusted for clinically important variables and variables with significant differences between the survivor and non-survivor groups, the area under the curve of the SOFA (0.907; 95% CI: 0.834–0.955) was significantly higher than that of the APACHE II (0.793; 95% CI: 0.703–0.867) ( p = 0.008). The SOFA and APACHE II score systems had good discrimination and satisfactory calibration performance in patients with dapsone poisoning. However, the SOFA score was a more useful method in predicting mortality than the APACHE II score.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Lee
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - SJ Kim
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - YS Kim
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - H Kim
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - DK Lee
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - J Lee
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - TH Go
- Center of Biomedical Data Science, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - YS Cha
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
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Yang Y, Riccio P, Schotsaert M, Mori M, Lu J, Lee DK, García-Sastre A, Xu J, Cardoso WV. Spatial-Temporal Lineage Restrictions of Embryonic p63 + Progenitors Establish Distinct Stem Cell Pools in Adult Airways. Dev Cell 2018; 44:752-761.e4. [PMID: 29587145 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2018.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Basal cells (BCs) are p63-expressing multipotent progenitors of skin, tracheoesophageal and urinary tracts. p63 is abundant in developing airways; however, it remains largely unclear how embryonic p63+ cells contribute to the developing and postnatal respiratory tract epithelium, and ultimately how they relate to adult BCs. Using lineage-tracing and functional approaches in vivo, we show that p63+ cells arising from the lung primordium are initially multipotent progenitors of airway and alveolar lineages but later become restricted proximally to generate the tracheal adult stem cell pool. In intrapulmonary airways, these cells are maintained immature to adulthood in bronchi, establishing a rare p63+Krt5- progenitor cell population that responds to H1N1 virus-induced severe injury. Intriguingly, this pool includes a CC10 lineage-labeled p63+Krt5- cell subpopulation required for a full H1N1-response. These data elucidate key aspects in the establishment of regionally distinct adult stem cell pools in the respiratory system, potentially with relevance to other organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yang
- Columbia Center for Human Development, Department of Medicine, Pulmonary Allergy Critical Care, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Paul Riccio
- Columbia Center for Human Development, Department of Medicine, Pulmonary Allergy Critical Care, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Michael Schotsaert
- Departments of Microbiology and Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, and Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Munemasa Mori
- Columbia Center for Human Development, Department of Medicine, Pulmonary Allergy Critical Care, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Jining Lu
- Columbia Center for Human Development, Department of Medicine, Pulmonary Allergy Critical Care, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Dong-Kee Lee
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Adolfo García-Sastre
- Departments of Microbiology and Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, and Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Jianming Xu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Wellington V Cardoso
- Columbia Center for Human Development, Department of Medicine, Pulmonary Allergy Critical Care, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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Lee DK, Song YK, Park BW, Cho HP, Yeom JS, Cho G, Cho H. The robustness of T 2 value as a trabecular structural index at multiple spatial resolutions of 7 Tesla MRI. Magn Reson Med 2018; 80:1949-1961. [PMID: 29656389 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.27202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the robustness of MR transverse relaxation times of trabecular bone from spin-echo and gradient-echo acquisitions at multiple spatial resolutions of 7 T. METHODS The effects of MRI resolutions to T2 and T2* of trabecular bone were numerically evaluated by Monte Carlo simulations. T2 , T2*, and trabecular structural indices from multislice multi-echo and UTE acquisitions were measured in defatted human distal femoral condyles on a 7 T scanner. Reference structural indices were extracted from high-resolution microcomputed tomography images. For bovine knee trabecular samples with intact bone marrow, T2 and T2* were measured by degrading spatial resolutions on a 7 T system. RESULTS In the defatted trabecular experiment, both T2 and T2* values showed strong ( |r| > 0.80) correlations with trabecular spacing and number, at a high spatial resolution of 125 µm3 . The correlations for MR image-segmentation-derived structural indices were significantly degraded ( |r| < 0.50) at spatial resolutions of 250 and 500 µm3 . The correlations for T2* rapidly dropped ( |r| < 0.50) at a spatial resolution of 500 µm3 , whereas those for T2 remained consistently high ( |r| > 0.85). In the bovine trabecular experiments with intact marrow, low-resolution (approximately 1 mm3 , 2 minutes) T2 values did not shorten ( |r| > 0.95 with respect to approximately 0.4 mm3 , 11 minutes) and maintained consistent correlations ( |r| > 0.70) with respect to trabecular spacing (turbo spin echo, 22.5 minutes). CONCLUSION T2 measurements of trabeculae at 7 T are robust with degrading spatial resolution and may be preferable in assessing trabecular spacing index with reduced scan time, when high-resolution 3D micro-MRI is difficult to obtain.
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Affiliation(s)
- D K Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea
| | - Y K Song
- Korea Basic Science Institute, Ochang, South Korea
| | - B W Park
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea
| | - H P Cho
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea
| | - J S Yeom
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - G Cho
- Korea Basic Science Institute, Ochang, South Korea
| | - H Cho
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea
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Sreekumar A, Toneff MJ, Toh E, Roarty K, Creighton CJ, Belka GK, Lee DK, Xu J, Chodosh LA, Richards JS, Rosen JM. WNT-Mediated Regulation of FOXO1 Constitutes a Critical Axis Maintaining Pubertal Mammary Stem Cell Homeostasis. Dev Cell 2017; 43:436-448.e6. [PMID: 29103953 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2017.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Revised: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Puberty is characterized by dynamic tissue remodeling in the mammary gland involving ductal elongation, resolution into the mature epithelial bilayer, and lumen formation. To decipher the cellular mechanisms underlying these processes, we studied the fate of putative stem cells, termed cap cells, present in terminal end buds of pubertal mice. Employing a p63CreERT2-based lineage-tracing strategy, we identified a unipotent fate for proliferative cap cells that only generated cells with basal features. Furthermore, we observed that dislocated "cap-in-body" cells underwent apoptosis, which aided lumen formation during ductal development. Basal lineage-specific profiling and genetic loss-of-function experiments revealed a critical role for FOXO transcription factors in mediating these proliferative versus apoptotic fates. Importantly, these studies revealed a mode of WNT signaling-mediated FOXO1 inhibition, potentially mediated through AKT. Together, these data suggest that the WNT pathway confers proliferative and survival advantages on cap cells via regulation of FOXO1 localization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amulya Sreekumar
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Michael J Toneff
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Eajer Toh
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Kevin Roarty
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Chad J Creighton
- Department of Medicine and Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center Division of Biostatistics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - George K Belka
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania, 421 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, 421 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Dong-Kee Lee
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jianming Xu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Lewis A Chodosh
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania, 421 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, 421 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 421 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - JoAnne S Richards
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jeffrey M Rosen
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Jiang M, Li H, Zhang Y, Yang Y, Lu R, Liu K, Lin S, Lan X, Wang H, Wu H, Zhu J, Zhou Z, Xu J, Lee DK, Zhang L, Lee YC, Yuan J, Abrams JA, Wang TG, Sepulveda AR, Wu Q, Chen H, Sun X, She J, Chen X, Que J. Transitional basal cells at the squamous-columnar junction generate Barrett's oesophagus. Nature 2017; 550:529-533. [PMID: 29019984 PMCID: PMC5831195 DOI: 10.1038/nature24269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In several organ systems, the transitional zone between different types of epithelium is a hotspot for pre-neoplastic metaplasia and malignancy, but the cells of origin for these metaplastic epithelia and subsequent malignancies remain unknown. In the case of Barrett's oesophagus, intestinal metaplasia occurs at the gastro-oesophageal junction, where stratified squamous epithelium transitions into simple columnar cells. On the basis of a number of experimental models, several alternative cell types have been proposed as the source of this metaplasia but in all cases the evidence is inconclusive: no model completely mimics Barrett's oesophagus in terms of the presence of intestinal goblet cells. Here we describe a transitional columnar epithelium with distinct basal progenitor cells (p63+KRT5+KRT7+) at the squamous-columnar junction of the upper gastrointestinal tract in a mouse model. We use multiple models and lineage tracing strategies to show that this squamous-columnar junction basal cell population serves as a source of progenitors for the transitional epithelium. On ectopic expression of CDX2, these transitional basal progenitors differentiate into intestinal-like epithelium (including goblet cells) and thereby reproduce Barrett's metaplasia. A similar transitional columnar epithelium is present at the transitional zones of other mouse tissues (including the anorectal junction) as well as in the gastro-oesophageal junction in the human gut. Acid reflux-induced oesophagitis and the multilayered epithelium (believed to be a precursor of Barrett's oesophagus) are both characterized by the expansion of the transitional basal progenitor cells. Our findings reveal a previously unidentified transitional zone in the epithelium of the upper gastrointestinal tract and provide evidence that the p63+KRT5+KRT7+ basal cells in this zone are the cells of origin for multi-layered epithelium and Barrett's oesophagus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Jiang
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, NY 10032, USA
| | - Haiyan Li
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, NY 10032, USA
| | - Yongchun Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, NY 10032, USA
| | - Ying Yang
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, NY 10032, USA
| | - Rong Lu
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, NY 10032, USA
| | - Kuancan Liu
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, NY 10032, USA
- Institute for laboratory medicine, Fuzhou General Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350025, P.R. China
| | - Sijie Lin
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, NY 10032, USA
- Institute for laboratory medicine, Fuzhou General Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350025, P.R. China
| | - Xiaopeng Lan
- Institute for laboratory medicine, Fuzhou General Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350025, P.R. China
| | - Haikun Wang
- CAS key laboratory of molecular virology and immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, P.R. China
| | - Han Wu
- Ascendas Genomics Inc., Zhongshan, Guandong 529437, P.R. China
| | - Jian Zhu
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642
| | - Zhongren Zhou
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642
| | - Jianming Xu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Dong-Kee Lee
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Lanjing Zhang
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center of Princeton at Plainsboro, Plainsboro, NJ 08536
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07102
| | - Yuan-Cho Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, NY 10032
| | - Jingsong Yuan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Columbia University Medical Center, NY 10032
| | - Julian A. Abrams
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, NY 10032, USA
| | - Timothy G. Wang
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, NY 10032, USA
| | | | - Qi Wu
- Tianjin Haihe Hospital, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China
| | | | - Xin Sun
- Tianjin Haihe Hospital, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China
| | - Junjun She
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China
| | - Xiaoxin Chen
- Biomedical/Biotechnology Research Institute, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707
| | - Jianwen Que
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, NY 10032, USA
- Corresponding author: Jianwen Que, MD, PhD. Center for Human Development and Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, BB-810, 650 West 168th Street, Columbia University Medical Center, NY 10032, USA. . Tel: +1-212-305-5961
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11
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Lee MS, Anderson EK, Stojšin D, McPherson MA, Baltazar B, Horak MJ, de la Fuente JM, Wu K, Crowley JH, Rayburn AL, Lee DK. Assessment of the potential for gene flow from transgenic maize (Zea mays L.) to eastern gamagrass (Tripsacum dactyloides L.). Transgenic Res 2017; 26:501-514. [PMID: 28466411 PMCID: PMC5504203 DOI: 10.1007/s11248-017-0020-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Eastern gamagrass (Tripsacum dactyloides L.) belongs to the same tribe of the Poaceae family as maize (Zea mays L.) and grows naturally in the same region where maize is commercially produced in the USA. Although no evidence exists of gene flow from maize to eastern gamagrass in nature, experimental crosses between the two species were produced using specific techniques. As part of environmental risk assessment, the possibility of transgene flow from maize to eastern gamagrass populations in nature was evaluated with the objectives: (1) to assess the seeds of eastern gamagrass populations naturally growing near commercial maize fields for the presence of a transgenic glyphosate-tolerance gene (cp4 epsps) that would indicate cross-pollination between the two species, and (2) to evaluate the possibility of interspecific hybridization between transgenic maize used as male parent and eastern gamagrass used as female parent. A total of 46,643 seeds from 54 eastern gamagrass populations collected in proximity of maize fields in Illinois, USA were planted in a field in 2014 and 2015. Emerged seedlings were treated with glyphosate herbicide and assessed for survival. An additional 48,000 seeds from the same 54 eastern gamagrass populations were tested for the presence of the cp4 epsps transgene markers using TaqMan® PCR method. The results from these trials showed that no seedlings survived the herbicide treatment and no seed indicated presence of the herbicide tolerant cp4 epsps transgene, even though these eastern gamagrass populations were exposed to glyphosate-tolerant maize pollen for years. Furthermore, no interspecific hybrid seeds were produced from 135 hand-pollination attempts involving 1529 eastern gamagrass spikelets exposed to maize pollen. Together, these results indicate that there is no evidence of gene flow from maize to eastern gamagrass in natural habitats. The outcome of this study should be taken in consideration when assessing for environmental risks regarding the consequence of gene flow from transgenic maize to its wild relatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moon-Sub Lee
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1102 S. Goodwin Ave., Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Eric K Anderson
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1102 S. Goodwin Ave., Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Duška Stojšin
- Monsanto Company, 800 North Lindbergh Blvd., St. Louis, MO, 63167, USA
| | - Marc A McPherson
- Monsanto Company, 800 North Lindbergh Blvd., St. Louis, MO, 63167, USA
| | - Baltazar Baltazar
- Monsanto Company, 800 North Lindbergh Blvd., St. Louis, MO, 63167, USA
| | - Michael J Horak
- Monsanto Company, 800 North Lindbergh Blvd., St. Louis, MO, 63167, USA
| | - Juan Manuel de la Fuente
- Monsanto Company, Park Plaza Torre II, 504 Javier Barros Sierra Ave., Col. Santa Fe, Del. Alvaro Obregon, CP 01210, Mexico, DF, Mexico
| | - Kunsheng Wu
- Monsanto Company, 700 Chesterfield Parkway W., St. Louis, MO, 63017, USA
| | - James H Crowley
- Monsanto Company, 700 Chesterfield Parkway W., St. Louis, MO, 63017, USA
| | - A Lane Rayburn
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1102 S. Goodwin Ave., Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - D K Lee
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1102 S. Goodwin Ave., Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
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12
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Bishop JW, Kim S, Villamil MB, Lee DK, Rayburn AL. Meiotic pairing as an indicator of genome composition in polyploid prairie cordgrass (Spartina pectinata Link). Genetica 2017; 145:235-240. [PMID: 28243829 DOI: 10.1007/s10709-017-9955-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The existence of neopolyploidy in prairie cordgrass (Spartina pectinata Link) has been documented. The neohexaploid was discovered coexisting with tetraploids in central Illinois, and has been reported to exhibit competitiveness in the natural environment. It is hypothesized that the natural tetraploid cytotype produced the hexaploid cytotype via production of unreduced gametes. Meiosis I chromosome pairing was observed in tetraploid (2n = 4x = 40), hexaploid (2n = 6x = 60), and octoploid (2n = 8x = 80) accessions and the percentage of meiotic abnormality was determined. Significant differences in meiotic abnormality exist between tetraploid, hexaploid, and octoploid cytotypes. An elevated incidence of abnormal, predominantly trivalent pairing in the neohexaploid suggests that it may possess homologous chromosomes in sets of three, in contrast to the tetraploid and octoploid cytotypes, which likely possess homologous chromosomes in sets of two. Abnormal chromosome pairing in the hexaploid may result in unequal allocation of chromosomes to daughter cells during later stages of meiosis. Chromosome pairing patterns in tetraploid, hexaploid, and octoploid cytotypes indicate genome compositions of AABB, AAABBB, and AABBA'A'B'B', respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey W Bishop
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, 1102 S. Goodwin Ave, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Sumin Kim
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, 1102 S. Goodwin Ave, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - María B Villamil
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, 1102 S. Goodwin Ave, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - D K Lee
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, 1102 S. Goodwin Ave, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - A Lane Rayburn
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, 1102 S. Goodwin Ave, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
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Jung HS, Jin SH, Cho JH, Han SH, Lee DK, Cho H. UTE-ΔR2 -ΔR2 * combined MR whole-brain angiogram using dual-contrast superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles. NMR Biomed 2016; 29:690-701. [PMID: 27061076 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.3514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2015] [Revised: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The ability to visualize whole-brain vasculature is important for quantitative in vivo investigation of vascular malfunctions in cerebral small vessel diseases, including cancer, stroke and neurodegeneration. Transverse relaxation-based ΔR2 and ΔR2 * MR angiography (MRA) provides improved vessel-tissue contrast in animal deep brain with the aid of intravascular contrast agents; however, it is susceptible to orientation dependence, air-tissue interface artifacts and vessel size overestimation. Dual-mode MRA acquisition with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) provides a unique opportunity to systematically compare and synergistically combine both longitudinal (R1 ) and transverse (ΔR2 and ΔR2 *) relaxation-based MRA. Through Monte Carlo (MC) simulation and MRA experiments in normal and tumor-bearing animals with intravascular SPION, we show that ultrashort TE (UTE) MRA acquires well-defined vascularization on the brain surface, minimizing air-tissue artifacts, and combined ΔR2 and ΔR2 * MRA simultaneously improves the sensitivity to intracortical penetrating vessels and reduces vessel size overestimation. Consequently, UTE-ΔR2 -ΔR2 * combined MRA complements the shortcomings of individual angiograms and provides a strategy to synergistically merge longitudinal and transverse relaxation effects to generate more robust in vivo whole-brain micro-MRA. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Jung
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea
| | - S H Jin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea
| | - J H Cho
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea
| | - S H Han
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea
| | - D K Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea
| | - H Cho
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea
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Friesen PC, Peixoto MDM, Lee DK, Sage RF. Sub-zero cold tolerance of Spartina pectinata (prairie cordgrass) and Miscanthus × giganteus: candidate bioenergy crops for cool temperate climates. J Exp Bot 2015; 66:4403-13. [PMID: 25873680 PMCID: PMC4493780 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erv085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Miscanthus × giganteus grown in cool temperate regions of North America and Europe can exhibit severe mortality in the year after planting, and poor frost tolerance of leaves. Spartina pectinata (prairie cordgrass), a productive C4 perennial grass native to North America, has been suggested as an alternative biofuel feedstock for colder regions; however, its cold tolerance relative to M. × giganteus is uncertain. Here, we compare the cold tolerance thresholds for winter-dormant rhizomes and spring/summer leaves of M. × giganteus and three accessions of S. pectinata. All genotypes were planted at a field site in Ontario, Canada. In November and February, the temperatures corresponding to 50% rhizome mortality (LT(50)) were near -24°C for S. pectinata and -4°C for M. × giganteus. In late April, the LT50 of rhizomes rose to -10°C for S. pectinata but remained near -4°C for M. × giganteus. Twenty percent of the M. × giganteus rhizomes collected in late April were dead while S. pectinata rhizomes showed no signs of winter injury. Photosynthesis and electrolyte leakage measurements in spring and summer demonstrate that S. pectinata leaves have greater frost tolerance in the field. For example, S. pectinata leaves remained viable above -9°C while the mortality threshold was near -5°C for M. × giganteus. These results indicate M. × giganteus will be unsuitable for production in continental interiors of cool-temperate climate zones unless freezing and frost tolerance are improved. By contrast, S. pectinata has the freezing and frost tolerance required for a higher-latitude bioenergy crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick C Friesen
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Willcocks Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 3B2
| | - Murilo de Melo Peixoto
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Willcocks Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 3B2
| | - D K Lee
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, 1102 S. Goodwin Ave, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Rowan F Sage
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Willcocks Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 3B2
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Kim SM, Guo J, Kwak S, Jin YS, Lee DK, Singh V. Effects of genetic variation and growing condition of prairie cordgrass on feedstock composition and ethanol yield. Bioresour Technol 2015; 183:70-77. [PMID: 25723129 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2014] [Revised: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/07/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Prairie cordgrass (Spartina pectinata L.) has the potential to be a feedstock for bioethanol. It is native to North America, and has extensive genetic diversity. Eleven natural populations of prairie cordgrass harvested in 2011 and 2012 were studied. Compositions of the samples showed significant differences within the same year, and between the two years. Two highest, one medium and two lowest glucan concentration samples from each year were selected to evaluate ethanol yield after dilute acid pretreatment and simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation using Saccharomycescerevisiae SR8 that can ferment both glucose and xylose. Up to 88% of theoretical ethanol yields were achieved. Our research demonstrates the potential of prairie cordgrass as a dedicated energy crop with ethanol yields of 205.0-275.6 g/kg biomass and 1748-4368 L/ha, depending on feedstock composition and biomass yield. These ethanol yields are comparable with those of switchgrass, corn stover and bagasse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Min Kim
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1304 West Pennsylvania Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
| | - Jia Guo
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1102 South Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
| | - Suryang Kwak
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 905 South Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
| | - Yong-Su Jin
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 905 South Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, United States; Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1206 West Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
| | - D K Lee
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1102 South Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
| | - Vijay Singh
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1304 West Pennsylvania Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, United States.
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17
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Tien JCY, Liao L, Liu Y, Liu Z, Lee DK, Wang F, Xu J. The steroid receptor coactivator-3 is required for developing neuroendocrine tumor in the mouse prostate. Int J Biol Sci 2014; 10:1116-27. [PMID: 25332686 PMCID: PMC4202028 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.10236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 08/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroendocrine tumor cells (NETCs) are commonly observed in prostate cancer. Their presence is associated with castration resistance, metastasis and poor prognosis. Cellular and molecular mechanisms for NETC initiation and growth are unknown. TRAMP mice develop heterogeneous adenocarcinomas induced by expression of the SV40-T/t oncogene in prostate epithelial cells. Here, we demonstrate prostate tumors in TRAMP mice with a mixed genetic background are characterized mostly by atypical hyperplasia (AH) containing steroid receptor coactiator-3-positive, androgen receptor-positive and synaptophysin-negative (SRC-3+/AR+/Syp-) cells. Few SRC-3+/AR-/Syp+ NETCs are present in their prostates. We generated TRAMP mice in which SRC-3 was specifically ablated in AR+/Syp- prostatic epithelial cells (termed PE3KOT mice). In these animals, we observed a substantial reduction in SRC-3-/AR+/Syp- AH tumor growth. There was a corresponding increase in SRC-3-/AR+/Syp- phyllodes lesions, suggesting SRC-3 knockout can convert aggressive AH tumors with mostly epithelial tumor cells into less aggressive phyllodes lesions with mostly stromal tissue. Surprisingly, PE3KOT mice developed many more SRC-3+/AR-/Syp+ NETCs versus control TRAMP mice, indicating SRC-3 expression was retained in NETCs. In contrast, TRAMP mice with global SRC-3 knockout did not develop any NETC, indicating SRC-3 is required for developing NETC. Analysis of cell-differentiating markers revealed that these NETCs might not be derived from the mature AR-/Syp+ neuroendocrine cells or the AR+/Syp- luminal epithelial tumor cells. Instead, these NETCs might originate from the SV40-T/t-transformed intermediate/progenitor epithelial cells. In summary, SRC-3 is required for both AR+/Syp- AH tumor growth and AR-/Syp+ NETC development, suggesting SRC-3 is a target for inhibiting aggressive prostate cancer containing NETCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Ching-Yi Tien
- 1. Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA; ; 2. Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Lan Liao
- 1. Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Yonghong Liu
- 1. Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA; ; 2. Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Zhaoliang Liu
- 1. Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA; ; 2. Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Dong-Kee Lee
- 1. Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Fen Wang
- 2. Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Jianming Xu
- 1. Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA; ; 2. Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA; ; 3. Insitute for Cancer Medicine, Luzhou Medical College, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
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18
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Lee DK, Liu Y, Liao L, Wang F, Xu J. The prostate basal cell (BC) heterogeneity and the p63-positive BC differentiation spectrum in mice. Int J Biol Sci 2014; 10:1007-17. [PMID: 25210499 PMCID: PMC4159692 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.9997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2014] [Accepted: 07/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The prostate epithelium is composed of basal (BC), luminal (LEC), and neuroendocrine (NEC) cells. It is unclear how many subtypes of BCs in the prostate and which subtype of BCs contains the main stem cell niche in the adult prostate. Here we report seven BC subpopulations according to their p63, cytokeratin 14 (K14) and K5 expression patterns, including p63-positive/K14-negative/K5-negative (p63+/K14-/K5-), p63-/K14+/K5-, p63-/K14-/K5+, p63+/K14+/K5-, p63+/K14-/K5+, p63-/K14+/K5+, and p63+/K14+/K5+ BCs. We generated a p63-CreERT2 knock-in mouse line that expresses tamoxifen-inducible Cre activity in the p63-expressing cells, including the prostate BCs. We then crossbred this line with ROSA26R mice, and generated p63-CreERT2×ROSA26R bi-genic mice harboring the Cre-activated β-galactosidase reporter gene. We treated these bi-genic mice with tamoxifen to mark the p63+ BCs at different ages or under different hormonal conditions, and then traced the lineage differentiation of these genetically labeled BCs. We discovered that these p63+ BCs contain self-renewable stem cells in culture and efficiently differentiated into LECs, NECs and BCs in the postnatal, adult and re-generating mouse prostates. Therefore, BC population contains heterogeneous BCs that express different combinations of the p63, K14 and K5 differentiation markers. Because K14+ and K5+ BCs were previously shown to be extremely inefficient to produce LECs in adulthood, we propose that the p63+/K5-/K14- subpopulation of BCs contains most stem-like cells, especially in adult animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Kee Lee
- 1. Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Yonghong Liu
- 1. Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Houston, Texas, USA; ; 2. Institute of Bioscience and Technology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lan Liao
- 1. Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Fen Wang
- 2. Institute of Bioscience and Technology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jianming Xu
- 1. Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Houston, Texas, USA; ; 3. Institute for Cancer Medicine, Luzhou Medical College, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
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Lee IH, Sohn M, Lim HJ, Yoon S, Oh H, Shin S, Shin JH, Oh SH, Kim J, Lee DK, Noh DY, Bae DS, Seong JK, Bae YS. Ahnak functions as a tumor suppressor via modulation of TGFβ/Smad signaling pathway. Oncogene 2014; 33:4675-84. [PMID: 24662814 PMCID: PMC4180639 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2014.69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2013] [Revised: 12/15/2013] [Accepted: 12/24/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
We provide detailed mechanisms of Ahnak-mediated potentiation of transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) signaling, which leads to a negative regulation of cell growth. We show that Smad3 interacts with Ahnak through MH2 domain and that Ahnak stimulates Smad3 localization into nucleus leading to potentiating TGFβ-induced transcriptional activity of R-Smad. Moreover, overexpression of Ahnak resulted in growth retardation and cell cycle arrest through downregulation of c-Myc and cyclin D1/D2. We describe results from analyses of Ahnak−/− mouse model expressing middle T antigen in a mammary gland-specific manner (MMTVTg/+Ahnak−/−), which showed significantly progressed hyperplasia of mammary glands compared with MMTVTg/+Ahnak+/+. Finally, we screened multiple human breast cancer tissues and showed that the expression of Ahnak in cancer tissues is lower than that in control tissues by 50%. Taken together, these data indicate that Ahnak mediates a negative regulation of cell growth and acts as novel tumor suppressor through potentiation of TGFβ signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- I H Lee
- Department of Life Sciences and GT5 program, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - M Sohn
- Department of Life Sciences and GT5 program, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - H J Lim
- Department of Life Sciences and GT5 program, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - S Yoon
- Department of Life Sciences and GT5 program, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - H Oh
- Department of Life Sciences and GT5 program, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - S Shin
- Department of Life Sciences and GT5 program, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - J H Shin
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Genomics, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - S-H Oh
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea
| | - J Kim
- Department of Life Sciences and GT5 program, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - D K Lee
- Department of Life Sciences and GT5 program, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - D Y Noh
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - D S Bae
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Samsung Hospital, SungKyunKwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - J K Seong
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Genomics, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y S Bae
- Department of Life Sciences and GT5 program, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
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Tsuchiya T, Itoi T, Sofuni A, Itokawa F, Lee DK. Biliary duct-to-duct anastomosis using magnets in a Billroth II gastrectomy patient. Endoscopy 2014; 45 Suppl 2 UCTN:E243-4. [PMID: 24008446 DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1310071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T Tsuchiya
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
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Lin SC, Li YH, Wu MH, Chang YF, Lee DK, Tsai SY, Tsai MJ, Tsai SJ. Suppression of COUP-TFII by proinflammatory cytokines contributes to the pathogenesis of endometriosis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2014; 99:E427-37. [PMID: 24423359 PMCID: PMC5393480 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2013-3717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Endometriosis is one of the most common gynecological diseases in women with a prevalence rate of approximately 10%. Chronic pelvic inflammation has been observed in patients with endometriosis and is associated with disease severity. However, how pelvic inflammation promotes endometriosis progression remains unknown. OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to investigate the regulatory network of proinflammatory cytokines in endometriosis progression. DESIGN, SETTINGS, AND PATIENTS Immunostaining of human endometrial (n = 21) and endometriotic (n = 36) sections, quantitative RT-PCR, Western blotting, chromatin immunoprecipitation, and luciferase reporter assays in primary culture human endometrial stromal cells were performed. Autologous transplantation of uterine endometrium from control chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter-transcription factor II [(COUP-TFII) flox/flox] and uterus-specific COUP-TFII knockout mice was performed. RESULTS Expression of COUP-TFII was significantly reduced in endometriotic stroma. Reduction of COUP-TFII in endometriotic stromal cells was mediated by proinflammatory cytokines including IL-1β, TNF-α, and TGF-β1 via a common effector, microRNA-302a. Treatment with these proinflammatory cytokines increased the expression of microRNA-302a, which targets the 3'untranslated region of COUP-TFII to cause its down-regulation. Intriguingly, down-regulation of COUP-TFII in endometrial stromal cells resulted in de-repression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Further investigation demonstrated that COUP-TFII directly binds to COX-2 promoter to inhibit its transcription. Forced expression of COUP-TFII inhibited IL-1β-induced COX-2 up-regulation, whereas the knockdown of COUP-TFII augmented this effect. CONCLUSION Because overexpression of COX-2 has been demonstrated to be a master regulator in endometriosis progression, our data demonstrate the critical function of proinflammatory cytokines and the COUP-TFII regulatory gene network in the progression of endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Chieh Lin
- Department of Physiology (S.-C.L., Y.-F.C., S.-J.T.), Institute of Basic Medical Sciences (Y.-H.L., S.-J.T.), and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (M.-H.W.), College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan; and Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology (D.-K.L., S.Y.T., M.-J.T.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
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Han JW, Jang SI, Ma DW, Yoon SO, Lee DK. Invaginated ampulla of Vater in synchronous malignant intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of the pancreas and common bile duct cancer. Endoscopy 2013; 45 Suppl 2 UCTN:E25-6. [PMID: 23468151 DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1326106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J W Han
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Zhang C, Zhang P, Mo C, Yang W, Li Q, Pan L, Lee DK. Cadmium uptake, chemical forms, subcellular distribution, and accumulation in Echinodorus osiris Rataj. Environ Sci Process Impacts 2013; 15:1459-65. [PMID: 23764771 DOI: 10.1039/c3em00002h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Phytoremediation is a technology for extracting or inactivating pollutants in soil. Echinodorus osiris (E. osiris) is a fast growing perennial wetland plant that is common in tropical and subtropical areas and has a high tolerance to cadmium (Cd). However, the absorption dynamics, subcellular distribution and accumulation of Cd by E. osiris had not been investigated. In this paper, hydroponic experiments with different levels of Cd(2+) (0, 5.0, 15.0 mg L(-1)) were carried out to determine these characteristics of E. osiris. The results indicated that the Cd absorption rate of Echinodorus osiris decreased over time, and the absorption rate within 0.5-1.0 h was faster than after 1.0 h. In a 6.0 hour time period, the rate of Cd uptake fit a quadratic polynomial curve when E. osiris was grown under the 5 mg L(-1) Cd treatment. However, the rate of Cd uptake by E. osiris fit a cubic polynomial model with the 15 mg L(-1) Cd treatment. In the roots, the ethanol-extractable Cd, water-extractable Cd, and NaCl-extractable Cd were the largest proportions of the total Cd. The HAc-extractable Cd, HCl-extractable Cd, and residual-Cd represented a larger proportion of the total Cd in the leaves which was combined with phosphate including CdHPO4, Cd3 (PO4)2, and oxalic acid. When analyzing the subcellular distribution of Cd in the plant, the soluble fraction containing Cd accounted for the largest part (69.49-88.39%) followed by the Cd bound to the cell wall (8.44-25.62%). Both the lower and the higher Cd treatments demonstrated that compartmentation by the vacuole and cell wall binding were two effective defense mechanisms of the plant. However, the vacuole became the main site for Cd accumulation in the leaves under the 15 mg L(-1) Cd treatment. E. osiris was able to accumulate high concentrations of Cd in both the roots and the leaves. The Cd concentration reached 502.97 mg kg(-1) and 2742.95 mg kg(-1) in the shoots and roots, respectively, after 27 days of cultivation. It was concluded that E. osiris is a potential hyperaccumulator of Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaolan Zhang
- School of Environment, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, PR China.
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Kim TH, Lee DK, Cho SN, Orvis GD, Behringer RR, Lydon JP, Ku BJ, McCampbell AS, Broaddus RR, Jeong JW. Critical tumor suppressor function mediated by epithelial Mig-6 in endometrial cancer. Cancer Res 2013; 73:5090-9. [PMID: 23811943 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-13-0241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Endometrial cancer is preceded by endometrial hyperplasia, unopposed estrogen exposure, and genetic alterations, but the precise causes of endometrial cancer remain uncertain. Mig-6, mainly known as a negative regulator of the EGF receptor, is an important mediator of progesterone signaling in the uterus, where it mediates tumor suppression by modulating endometrial stromal-epithelial communications. In this study, we investigated the function of Mig-6 in the uterine epithelium using a tissue-specific gene knockout strategy, in which floxed Mig-6 (Mig-6(f/f)) mice were crossed to Wnt7a-Cre mice (Wnt7a(cre+)Mig-6(f/f)). Wnt7a(cre+)Mig-6(f/f) mice developed endometrial hyperplasia and estrogen-dependent endometrial cancer, exhibiting increased proliferation in epithelial cells as well as apoptosis in subepithelial stromal cells. We documented increased expression of NOTCH1 and BIRC3 in epithelial cells of Wnt7a(cre+)Mig-6(f/f) mice and decreased expression of the progesterone receptor (PR) in stromal cells. Progesterone therapy controls endometrial growth and prevents endometrial cancer, but the effectiveness of progesterone as a treatment for women with endometrial cancer is less clear. We noted that the hyperplasic phenotype of Wnt7a(cre+)Mig-6(f/f) mice was prevented by progesterone treatment, whereas this treatment had no effect in PR(cre/+)Mig-6(f/f) mice where Mig-6 was deleted in both the epithelial and stromal compartments of the uterus. In contrast, activation of progesterone signaling in the stroma regulated proliferation and apoptosis in the epithelium via suppression of ERα signaling. In summary, our results establish that epithelial Mig-6 functions as a critical tumor suppressor that mediates the ability of progesterone to prevent the development of endometrial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Hoon Kim
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Biology, Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
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Jang SI, Kim JH, Kim M, Yang S, Jo EA, Lee JW, Na K, Kim JM, Jeong S, Lee DH, Lee DK. Porcine feasibility and safety study of a new paclitaxel-eluting biliary stent with a Pluronic-containing membrane. Endoscopy 2012; 44:825-31. [PMID: 22752887 DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1309881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIM Metal stents for malignant biliary obstruction are susceptible to occlusion by tumor ingrowth or overgrowth. Therefore, we previously reported our use of a metal stent covered with a paclitaxel-incorporated membrane giving an antitumor effect to prevent occlusion from tumor ingrowth. We have also developed a new generation of paclitaxel-eluting biliary stent using a membrane containing Pluronic F-127 for effective drug delivery. The aim of this study was to investigate the safety and efficacy of drug delivery for this newly developed stent in the biliary tract. METHODS Metal stents were coated with paclitaxel and various concentrations of Pluronic F-127 in phosphate-buffered saline solution. Stents containing varying concentrations were placed in the bile ducts of eight pigs divided as follows: group I, 0% Pluronic + 0% paclitaxel; group II, 0% Pluronic + 10% paclitaxel; group III, 10% Pluronic + 10% paclitaxel; group IV, 20% Pluronic + 10% paclitaxel. The histology of the porcine bile duct and the amount of paclitaxel in the porcine serum were examined. The amount of paclitaxel released was also measured in vitro. RESULTS Histologic changes in the porcine biliary epithelium were acceptable in terms of safety, based on inflammatory cell infiltration and fibrotic reaction. No significant differences in histology were observed between the groups. In the porcine serum analysis, released paclitaxel was detected for 28 days with the 10% Pluronic concentration (group III). However, released paclitaxel was observed for only 7 days in groups II and IV. In the in vitro experiments, long-lasting release of paclitaxel was also noted from the stent with 10% Pluronic. CONCLUSIONS The new paclitaxel-eluting stent with 10% Pluronic F-127 is safe and provides enhanced local drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- S I Jang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Tsai SY, Lee DK, Kurihara I, DeMayo FJ, Tsai MJ. Nuclear Orphan Receptor, COUP-TFII, in Reproduction. Biol Reprod 2011. [DOI: 10.1093/biolreprod/85.s1.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Lee DK, Lee SC, Seol YG, Ahn JH, Lee NE, Kim YJ. Deformation characteristics of an organic thin film transistor. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2011; 11:239-242. [PMID: 21446433 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2011.3259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
An organic thin film transistor (OTFT) on a flexible substrate with electroplated electrodes has many advantages in the fabrication of low cost sensors, e-paper, smart cards, and flexible displays. In this study, we simulated the mechanical characteristics of an OTFT with various compressive stress conditions using COMSOL. An analysis model, which was limited to channel, source, and drain, was used to investigate deformation and internal stress concentrations. The channel length is 40 microm and the OTFT structure is a top-contact structure. The OTFT was fabricated using pentacene as a semiconducting layer and electroplated Ni as a gate electrode. The deformation characteristics of the fabricated OTFT were predicted in terms of strain and internal stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- D K Lee
- Graduate School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 300 Cheoncheon-dong, Suwon 440-746, Korea
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Wu SP, Lee DK, Demayo FJ, Tsai SY, Tsai MJ. Generation of ES cells for conditional expression of nuclear receptors and coregulators in vivo. Mol Endocrinol 2010; 24:1297-304. [PMID: 20382891 DOI: 10.1210/me.2010-0068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear receptors and coregulators orchestrate diverse aspects of biological functions and inappropriate expression of these factors often associates with human diseases. The present study describes a conditional overexpression system consisting of a minigene located at the Rosa26 locus in the genome of mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells. Before activation, the minigene is silent due to a floxed STOP cassette inserted between the promoter and the transgene. Upon cre-mediated excision of the STOP cassette, the minigene constitutively expresses the tagged transgene driven by the ubiquitous CAGGS promoter. Thus, this system can be used to express target gene in any tissue in a spatial and/or temporal manner if respective cre mouse lines are available. Serving as proof of principle, the CAG-S-hCOUP-TFI allele was generated in ES cells and subsequently in mice. This allele was capable of conditionally overexpressing human chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter-transcription factor I (COUP-TFI) in all tissues tested upon activation by cre drivers. This allele was further subjected to address functionality of expressed COUP-TFI and the functional similarity between COUP-TFI and COUP-TFII. Expression of COUP-TFI in COUP-TFII-ablated uterus suppressed aberrant estrogen receptor-alpha activities and rescued implantation and decidualization defects of COUP-TFII mutants, suggesting that COUP-TFI and COUP-TFII are able to functionally compensate for each other in the uterus. A toolbox currently under construction will contain ES cell lines for overexpressing all 48 nuclear receptors and selected 10 coregulators. Upon completion, it will be a very valuable resource for the scientific community. Several ES cells are currently available for distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- San-Pin Wu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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Lee DK, Kurihara I, Jeong JW, Lydon JP, DeMayo FJ, Tsai MJ, Tsai SY. Suppression of ERalpha activity by COUP-TFII is essential for successful implantation and decidualization. Mol Endocrinol 2010; 24:930-40. [PMID: 20219888 DOI: 10.1210/me.2009-0531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Synchrony between embryo competency and uterine receptivity is essential for successful implantation. Mice with ablation of chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter-transcription factor II (COUP-TFII) in the uterus (PR(Cre/+);COUP-TFII(flox/flox)) exhibit implantation defects and increased estrogen receptor (ER)alpha activity in the luminal epithelium, suggesting high ERalpha activity may disrupt the window of uterine receptivity. To determine whether increased ERalpha activity in the PR(Cre/+);COUP-TFII(flox/flox) uterus is the cause of defective implantation, we assessed whether inhibition of ERalpha activity could rescue the PR(Cre/+);COUP-TFII(flox/flox) uterine implantation defect. ICI 182,780 (ICI), a pure ERalpha antagonist, was administered to PR(Cre/+);COUP-TFII(flox/flox) mutant and COUP-TFII(flox/flox) control mice during the receptive period, and the number of implantation sites was examined. COUP-TFII(flox/flox) control mice treated with oil or ICI showed the normal number of implantation sites. As expected, no implantation sites were observed in PR(Cre/+);COUP-TFII(flox/flox) mutant mice treated with oil, consistent with previous observations. In contrast, implantation sites were greatly increased in ICI-treated PR(Cre/+);COUP-TFII(flox/flox) mutant mice, albeit at a reduced number in comparison with the control mice. ICI treatment was also able to restore the expression of Wnt4 and bone morphogenetic protein 2, important for endometrial decidualization in the PR(Cre/+);COUP-TFII(flox/flox) mutant mice. To confirm that the rescue of embryo attachment and decidualization is a consequence of a reduced ERalpha activity upon ICI treatment, we showed a reduction of the expression of ERalpha target genes in PR(Cre/+);COUP-TFII(flox/flox) mutant mice. Because COUP-TFII was also shown in our laboratory to be important for placentation during pregnancy, we asked whether ICI treatment could also rescue the placentation defect to allow full-term pregnancy in these mice. We found that whereas mice were born in COUP-TFII(flox/flox) control mice given ICI, no pups were born in the PR(Cre/+);COUP-TFII(flox/flox) mutant mice, suggesting that the increased ERalpha activity is not the reason for placentation defects. These results demonstrate that during the periimplantation period, COUP-TFII regulates embryo attachment and decidualization through controlling ERalpha activity. However, COUP-TFII expression is still required in the postimplantation period to facilitate placentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Kee Lee
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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Kim TH, Lee DK, Franco HL, Lydon JP, Jeong JW. ERBB receptor feedback inhibitor 1 regulation of estrogen receptor activity is critical for uterine implantation in mice. Biol Reprod 2009; 82:706-13. [PMID: 20018910 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.109.081307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Normal endometrial function requires a balance of progesterone (P4) and estrogen (E2) effects. E2 acts to stimulate the proliferation of uterine epithelial cells, while P4 action inhibits E2-mediated proliferation of the epithelium. P4 through its cognate receptor, the P4 receptor (Pgr), has important roles in the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy. In previous studies, we have identified ERBB receptor feedback inhibitor 1 (Errfi1) as a downstream target of Pgr action in the uterus. Herein, we show that Errfi1 mRNA expression was significantly increased in the uterus after Day 2.5 of gestation. Its expression is also induced in the uterus by acute E2 treatment, and this induction is synergistically induced by chronic E2 and P4 treatment. Although it is known that conditional ablation of Errfi1 in the Pgr-positive cells (Errfi1(d/d)) results in infertility, the function of Errfi1 in reproductive biology has remained elusive. Using Errfi1(d/d) mice, we have identified Errfi1 as an important mediator of uterine implantation. Epithelial ESR1 and target genes were significantly increased in the uteri of Errfi1(d/d) mice. Our results identify a new signaling paradigm of steroid hormone regulation in female reproductive biology that adds insight into the underlying dysregulation of hormonal signaling in human reproductive disorders such as endometriosis and endometrial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Hoon Kim
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Paik YH, Kim JK, Lee JI, Kang SH, Kim DY, An SH, Lee SJ, Lee DK, Han KH, Chon CY, Lee SI, Lee KS, Brenner DA. Celecoxib induces hepatic stellate cell apoptosis through inhibition of Akt activation and suppresses hepatic fibrosis in rats. Gut 2009; 58:1517-27. [PMID: 19201774 DOI: 10.1136/gut.2008.157420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) but not quiescent HSCs express cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2), suggesting that the COX-2/prostanoid pathway has an active role in hepatic fibrogenesis. However, the role of COX-2 inhibitors in hepatic fibrogenesis remains controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate the antifibrotic effects of celecoxib, a selective COX-2 inhibitor. METHODS The effects of various COX inhibitors-that is, ibuprofen, celecoxib, NS-398 and DFU, were investigated in activated human HSCs. Then, the antifibrotic effect of celecoxib was evaluated in hepatic fibrosis developed by bile duct ligation (BDL) or peritoneal thioacetamide (TAA) injection in rats. RESULTS Celecoxib, NS-398 and DFU inhibited platelet-derived growth facor (PDGF)-induced HSC proliferation; however, only celecoxib (> or =50 microM) induced HSC apoptosis. All COX inhibitors completely inhibited prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) and PGI(2) production in HSCs. Separately, PGE(2) and PGI(2) induced cell proliferation and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activation in HSCs. All COX inhibitors attenuated ERK activation, but only celecoxib significantly inhibited Akt activation in HSCs. Celecoxib-induced apoptosis was significantly attenuated in HSCs infected with adenovirus containing a constitutive active form of Akt (Ad5myrAkt). Celecoxib had no significant effect on PPARgamma (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma) expression in HSCs. Celecoxib inhibited type I collagen mRNA and protein production in HSCs. Oral administration of celecoxib (20 mg/kg/day) significantly decreased hepatic collagen deposition and alpha-SMA (alpha-smooth muscle actin) expression in BDL- and TAA-treated rats. Celecoxib treatment significantly decreased mRNA expression of COX-2, alpha-SMA, transforming growth factor beta1 (TGFbeta1) and collagen alpha1(I) in both models. CONCLUSIONS Celecoxib shows a proapoptotic effect on HSCs through Akt inactivation and shows antifibrogenic effects in BDL- and TAA-treated rats, suggesting celecoxib as a novel antifibrotic agent of hepatic fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-H Paik
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Gastroenterology, Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Liver Cirrhosis Clinical Research Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 135-720, Korea
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Kucheyev SO, Biener J, Baumann TF, Wang YM, Hamza AV, Li Z, Lee DK, Gordon RG. Mechanisms of atomic layer deposition on substrates with ultrahigh aspect ratios. Langmuir 2008; 24:943-948. [PMID: 18166066 DOI: 10.1021/la7018617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Atomic layer deposition (ALD) appears to be uniquely suited for coating substrates with ultrahigh aspect ratios (> or similar 10(3)), including nanoporous solids. Here, we study the ALD of Cu and Cu3N on the inner surfaces of low-density nanoporous silica aerogel monoliths. Results show that Cu depth profiles in nanoporous monoliths are limited not only by Knudsen diffusion of heavier precursor molecules into the pores, as currently believed, but also by other processes such as the interaction of precursor and reaction product molecules with pore walls. Similar behavior has also been observed for Fe, Ru, and Pt ALD on aerogels. On the basis of these results, we discuss design rules for ALD precursors specifically geared for coating nanoporous solids.
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Affiliation(s)
- S O Kucheyev
- Nanoscale Synthesis and Characterization Laboratory, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94551, USA
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Mulkey VR, Owens VN, Lee DK. Management of warm-season grass mixtures for biomass production in South Dakota USA. Bioresour Technol 2008; 99:609-17. [PMID: 17349789 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2006.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2006] [Revised: 12/21/2006] [Accepted: 12/21/2006] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.), big bluestem (Andropogon gerardii Vitman), and indiangrass (Sorghastrum nutans (L.) Nash) are native warm-season grasses commonly used for pasture, hay, and conservation. More recently switchgrass has also been identified as a potential biomass energy crop, but management of mixtures of these species for biomass is not well documented. Therefore, the objectives of our study were to: (1) determine the effects of harvest timing and N rate on yield and biomass characteristics of established warm-season grass stands containing a mixture of switchgrass, big bluestem, and indiangrass, and (2) evaluate the impact of harvest management on species composition. Five N rates (0, 56, 112, and 224 kg ha(-1) applied annually in spring and 224 kg ha(-1) evenly split between spring and fall) and two harvest timings (anthesis and killing frost) were applied to plots at two South Dakota USA locations from 2001 to 2003. Harvesting once a year shortly after a killing frost produced the greatest yields with high concentrations of neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), and acid detergent lignin (ADL) along with lower concentrations of total nitrogen (TN) and ash. This harvest timing also allowed for the greatest percentage of desirable species while maintaining low grass weed percentages. While N rates of 56 and 112 kg ha(-1) tended to increase total biomass without promoting severe invasion of grass and broadleaf weed species, N application did not always result in significant increases in biomass production. Based on these results, mixtures of switchgrass and big bluestem were well suited for sustainable biomass energy production. Furthermore, N requirements of these mixtures were relatively low thus reducing production input costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- V R Mulkey
- 7049 Grayson Turnpike, Speedwell, VA 24374, USA
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Kurihara I, Lee DK, Petit FG, Jeong J, Lee K, Lydon JP, DeMayo FJ, Tsai MJ, Tsai SY. COUP-TFII mediates progesterone regulation of uterine implantation by controlling ER activity. PLoS Genet 2007; 3:e102. [PMID: 17590085 PMCID: PMC1892047 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.0030102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2007] [Accepted: 05/09/2007] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Progesterone and estrogen are critical regulators of uterine receptivity. To facilitate uterine remodeling for embryo attachment, estrogen activity in the uterine epithelia is attenuated by progesterone; however, the molecular mechanism by which this occurs is poorly defined. COUP-TFII (chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter transcription factor II; also known as NR2F2), a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily, is highly expressed in the uterine stroma and its expression is regulated by the progesterone–Indian hedgehog–Patched signaling axis that emanates from the epithelium. To further assess COUP-TFII uterine function, a conditional COUP-TFII knockout mouse was generated. This mutant mouse is infertile due to implantation failure, in which both embryo attachment and uterine decidualization are impaired. Using this animal model, we have identified a novel genetic pathway in which BMP2 lies downstream of COUP-TFII. Epithelial progesterone-induced Indian hedgehog regulates stromal COUP-TFII, which in turn controls BMP2 to allow decidualization to manifest in vivo. Interestingly, enhanced epithelial estrogen activity, which impedes maturation of the receptive uterus, was clearly observed in the absence of stromal-derived COUP-TFII. This finding is consistent with the notion that progesterone exerts its control of implantation through uterine epithelial-stromal cross-talk and reveals that stromal-derived COUP-TFII is an essential mediator of this complex cross-communication pathway. This finding also provides a new signaling paradigm for steroid hormone regulation in female reproductive biology, with attendant implications for furthering our understanding of the molecular mechanisms that underlie dysregulation of hormonal signaling in such human reproductive disorders as endometriosis and endometrial cancer. Pregnancy is established and maintained through a series of precisely choreographed cellular and molecular events that are controlled by two sex hormones, estrogen and progesterone. Both hormones exert their actions through their distinct nuclear receptors. During the peri-implantation period, estrogen activity is attenuated by progesterone to facilitate epithelial remodeling and embryo attachment, but the detailed molecular mechanism of how this process is achieved remains largely undefined. COUP-TFII (chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter transcription factor II; also known as NR2F2), a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily, is highly expressed in the uterine stroma, and its expression is controlled by progesterone–Indian hedgehog–Patched signaling from the epithelium to the stroma. To assess the uterine function of COUP-TFII, uterine-specific COUP-TFII knockout mice were generated. These mutant mice are infertile due to failure of implantation. We identified a novel genetic pathway in which the epithelial Ihh regulates the stroma COUP-TFII to control BMP2 and regulates decidualization. Interestingly, enhanced epithelial estrogen activity, which impedes the maturation of receptive uterus, was clearly noted in the absence of COUP-TFII. This finding reveals that COUP-TFII plays a critical role in maintaining the balance between estrogen and progesterone activities to establish proper implantation. This finding also provides new insights into women's health care associated with uncontrolled estrogen activity, such as breast cancer and endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isao Kurihara
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Dong-Kee Lee
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Fabrice G Petit
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Jaewook Jeong
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Kevin Lee
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - John P Lydon
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Francesco J DeMayo
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Program of Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Ming-Jer Tsai
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Program of Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- * To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: (MJT); (SYT)
| | - Sophia Y Tsai
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Program of Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- * To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: (MJT); (SYT)
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Lee DK, Chung SK, Dhong HJ, Kim HY, Kim HJ, Bok KH. Focal hyperostosis on CT of sinonasal inverted papilloma as a predictor of tumor origin. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2007; 28:618-21. [PMID: 17416809 PMCID: PMC7977366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE To evaluate the CT characteristics of focal hyperostosis in patients with sinonasal inverted papilloma and to correlate these characteristics with the detection of the origins of tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS Paranasal sinus and nasal cavity CT images of 76 patients were reviewed retrospectively to detect areas within which there was focal hyperostosis. We correlated the sites on the CT scans within which there was focal hyperostosis with the origin of the tumors described in the corresponding patient's medical records. We also evaluated the CT features of focal hyperostosis according to the origin of tumors. RESULT Surgical evaluation of 55 lesions with focal hyperostosis in CT images revealed that 49 of these lesions coincided with the actual origin of tumor. The CT-based determination of the locations of the areas of focal hyperostosis corresponded to the actual tumor origin in 89.1% of cases. Especially in cases with focal hyperostosis within the frontal, maxillary, sphenoid, and posterior ethmoid sinuses, areas of focal hyperostosis corresponded to the origin of tumor without exception. In the evaluation of the CT features of focal hyperostosis, 2 patterns of localized bone thickening were noted. Plaquelike bone thickening was seen mainly when focal hyperostosis involved the lateral wall of the nasal cavity. On the other hand, cone-shaped bone thickening was seen only in the walls of the paranasal sinuses or the bony septum. CONCLUSIONS A high correlation between the origin of the inverted papilloma and focal hyperostosis on CT might facilitate preoperative prediction of tumor origin by radiologists and rhinologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- D K Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Kim SI, Lee DK, Kim SY, Kwon OS, Cho J. An algorithm to detect a center of pupil for extraction of point of gaze. Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2007; 2004:1237-40. [PMID: 17271912 DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2004.1403393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
This work proposes an algorithm that is developed for the video-oculograph method. It is used to detect a center of pupil for extraction of point of gaze in the eye image acquired by a charge coupled device camera and TV receiver card. The center of pupil could be detected accurately by applying the proposed algorithm in this study that removes noise effectively caused by eyelashes and image that is projected on pupil. In this study, we assume that the pupil is a perfect circle in the captured eye images.
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Affiliation(s)
- S I Kim
- Dept. of Biomed. Eng., Inje Univ., Kimhae, South Korea
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Lee DK, Kim SC, Yoon JH. Reuse of a dyehouse effluent after being treated with the combined catalytic wet peroxide oxidation process and the aerated constructed wetland. Water Sci Technol 2007; 55:407-15. [PMID: 17305165 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2007.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
A catalytic wet peroxide oxidation process was combined with the aerated constructed wetland in order to treat the raw dyehouse wastewater to in acceptable level for reuse as washing process water. More than 90% of BOD and CODs could be removed with the wet peroxide oxidation reactor and the remaining pollutants in the treated water were transformed into biodegradable ones which could have been successfully treated at the following aerated constructed wetland. The highest values of BOD5, CODMn, CODCr, SS and T-N in the treated water were 1.6, 1.8, 2.1, 0.5 and 12.8 mg/L, respectively. These values were low enough for the treated water to be reused at the washing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- D K Lee
- Dept. of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Environmental Biotechnology National Core Research Center, Environmental and Regional Development Institute, Gyeongsang National University, Kajwa-dong, Jinju, Gyeongnam 660-701, Korea.
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Cho YS, Lee DK, Hong SD, Oh WS. Intracranial aspergillosis involving the internal auditory canal and inner ear in an immunocompetent patient. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2007; 28:138-40. [PMID: 17213442 PMCID: PMC8134082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
We report the MR imaging findings in a case of intracranial aspergillosis involving the internal auditory canal (IAC) and inner ear in an immunocompetent patient. The presence of rim enhancement of the vestibulocochlear nerve, abnormal signal intensity involving the labyrinth, and adjacent meningeal enhancement might help clinicians to make a correct diagnosis in patients with a mass in the IAC and previous history of ear surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-S Cho
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 135-710, Korea.
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Lee S, Lee DK, Dou Y, Lee J, Lee B, Kwak E, Kong YY, Lee SK, Roeder RG, Lee JW. Coactivator as a target gene specificity determinant for histone H3 lysine 4 methyltransferases. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2006; 103:15392-7. [PMID: 17021013 PMCID: PMC1622834 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0607313103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Activating signal cointegrator-2 (ASC-2), a coactivator of multiple transcription factors that include retinoic acid receptor (RAR), associates with histone H3-K4 methyltranferases (H3K4MTs) MLL3 and MLL4 in mixed-lineage leukemia. Here, we show that mice expressing a SET domain mutant of MLL3 share phenotypes with isogenic ASC2+/- mice and that expression and H3-K4 trimethylation of RAR target gene RAR-beta2 are impaired in ASC-2-null mouse embryo fibroblasts (MEFs) or in MEFs expressing siRNAs against both MLL3 and MLL4. We also show that MLL3 and MLL4 are found in distinct ASC-2-containing complexes rather than in a common ASC-2 complex, and they are recruited to RAR-beta2 by ASC-2. In contrast, RAR-beta2 expression is intact in MEFs devoid of menin, a component of MLL1 and MLL2 H3K4MT complexes. These results suggest that ASC-2 confers target gene specificity to MLL3 and MLL4 H3K4MT complexes and that recruitment of H3K4MTs to their target genes generally involves interactions between integral components of H3K4MT complexes and transcription factors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dong-Kee Lee
- Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, and
| | - Yali Dou
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021; and
| | - Jeongkyung Lee
- Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, and
| | - Bora Lee
- *Deparment of Molecular and Cellular Biology
| | - Eunyee Kwak
- Department of Life Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - Young-Yun Kong
- Department of Life Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - Soo-Kyung Lee
- *Deparment of Molecular and Cellular Biology
- Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Robert G. Roeder
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021; and
- To whom correspondence may be addressed. E-mail:
| | - Jae W. Lee
- *Deparment of Molecular and Cellular Biology
- Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, and
- **To whom correspondence may be addressed at: Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030. E-mail:
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Kim EJ, Lee DK, Kang DH, Ku BD, Kim JS, Na DL, Lee JH. Ipsilateral Ptosis Associated with Anterior Thalamic Infarction. Cerebrovasc Dis 2005; 20:410-1. [PMID: 16210852 DOI: 10.1159/000088664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/28/2004] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- E J Kim
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Abstract
We report a case of Majocchi's granuloma caused by Trichophyton mentagrophytes on the vulva in a 23-year-old girl who had used topical steroids for many years. Her dog was a source of the infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- S E Chang
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Songpa-gu, Seoul, Korea.
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Narasimhaswamy T, Monette M, Lee DK, Ramamoorthy A. Solid-State NMR Characterization and Determination of the Orientational Order of a Nematogen. J Phys Chem B 2005; 109:19696-703. [PMID: 16853547 DOI: 10.1021/jp052343v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Thermotropic liquid crystalline compounds are of considerable importance due to their potential applications as advanced functional materials. A mesogen consisting of a terminal dimethylamino group, which can act as a charge-transfer donor, is particularly valuable for its light emission and nonlinear optical properties. In this study, we report the solid-state NMR investigation of the nematic behavior of one such novel mesogen (4-(dodecyloxy)benzoic acid 4-[((4-(dimethylamino)phenyl)imino)methyl]phenyl ester). Static and MAS experiments were performed on nematic and crystalline phases of the compound to measure (13)C chemical shift, (13)C-(1)H dipolar coupling, and (1)H chemical shift values. 2D chemical shift correlation of (1)H and (13)C nuclei confirmed the (13)C chemical shift values determined from 1D CPMAS experiments. The appearance of more peaks in both CPMAS and (13)C-(1)H HETCOR spectra of a crystalline solid suggests the heterogeneous orientations of phenyl rings of the mesogenic core. Variable-temperature experiments infer the motional averaging of these orientations before melting. The (1)H-(13)C dipolar coupling values, measured by 2D PITANSEMA experiments, were used to determine the orientational order of the mesogenic core at various temperatures. The influence of the linking unit and terminal substituents on the order parameter values of the mesogenic core is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Narasimhaswamy
- Department of Chemistry and Biophysics Research Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, USA
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Abstract
A 2D NMR method is presented for the measurement of the dipole-dipole interaction between a proton and a low-frequency nuclear spin species in the solid state under the magic angle spinning. It employs the time averaged nutation concept to dramatically reduce the required radio frequency (rf) power on the low γ nuclear channel and spin exchange at the magic angle is used to suppress (1)H-(1)H dipolar interactions and chemical shifts. The flexibility in choosing the spinning speed, rf power and the scaling factor of the pulse sequence are of considerable importance for the structural studies of biological solids. The performance of the pulse sequence has been numerically and experimentally demonstrated on several solids.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Yamamoto
- Biophysics Research Division and Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1055, United States
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Lee DK, Kang JE, Park HJ, Kim MH, Yim TH, Kim JM, Heo MK, Kim KY, Kwon HJ, Hur MW. FBI-1 enhances transcription of the nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB)-responsive E-selectin gene by nuclear localization of the p65 subunit of NF-kappaB. J Biol Chem 2005; 280:27783-91. [PMID: 15917220 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m504909200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The POZ domain is a highly conserved protein-protein interaction motif found in many regulatory proteins. Nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) plays a key role in the expression of a variety of genes in response to infection, inflammation, and stressful conditions. We found that the POZ domain of FBI-1 (factor that binds to the inducer of short transcripts of human immunodeficiency virus-1) interacted with the Rel homology domain of the p65 subunit of NF-kappaB in both in vivo and in vitro protein-protein interaction assays. FBI-1 enhanced NF-kappaB-mediated transcription of E-selectin genes in HeLa cells upon phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate stimulation and overcame gene repression by IkappaB alpha or IkappaB beta. In contrast, the POZ domain of FBI-1, which is a dominant-negative form of FBI-1, repressed NF-kappaB-mediated transcription, and the repression was cooperative with IkappaB alpha or IkappaB beta. In contrast, the POZ domain tagged with a nuclear localization sequence polypeptide of FBI-1 enhanced NF-kappaB-responsive gene transcription, suggesting that the molecular interaction between the POZ domain and the Rel homology domain of p65 and the nuclear localization by the nuclear localization sequence are important in the transcription enhancement mediated by FBI-1. Confocal microscopy showed that FBI-1 increased NF-kappaB movement into the nucleus and increased the stability of NF-kappaB in the nucleus, which enhanced NF-kappaB-mediated transcription of the E-selectin gene. FBI-1 also interacted with IkappaB alpha and IkappaB beta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Kee Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the Institute of Genetic Sciences, BK21 Project for Medical Sciences, Yonsei University School of Medicine, 134 ShinChon-Dong, SeoDaeMoon-Ku, Seoul 120-752, Korea
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Lee JY, Kim JI, Park JY, Choe JY, Kim CG, Chung SH, Lee DK, Chang HK. Cervical spine involvement in longstanding ankylosing spondylitis. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2005; 23:331-8. [PMID: 15971420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the degree of ossification and the frequency of ankylosis between the atlas and the dens of the axis in patients with longstanding ankylosing spondylitis (AS), to assess radiological involvement of the cervical spine, and to determine their correlations with structural severity and clinical variables, including neurological abnormalities. METHODS In 61 AS patients with disease duration over 7 years, the findings of conventional radiographs were graded by the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Radiology Index (BASRI), and the ossification levels between the atlas and the dens and the severity of zygapophyseal (ZA) joint lesions were scored using multislice CT. Neurological examinations and somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEP) were performed by neurologists. RESULTS According to the BASRI, 50 patients (82.0%) had radiological changes of the cervical spine > or = score 1. Thirty-seven patients (60.6%) revealed a certain extent of the atlantodental ossification, and the presence of partial or complete atlantodental ankylosis was seen over 30% of the patients. The BASRI-cervical spine score and the atlantodental ossification levels correlated with disease duration. ZA involvement was observed in 49 patients (80.3%), including 23 with ZA fusion (37.7%). Although 4 of 11 patients with atlantoaxial subluxation showed abnormal SSEP none had significant neurological complications. This might be attributed in part to atlantodental ankylosis and ZA fusion. Finally, ossifications of the anterior and posterior longitudinal ligaments were found 26.2 and 29.5%, respectively. CONCLUSION Cervical spine involvement and atlantodental ossification or ankylosis appear to be common in patients with longstanding AS, and to be particularly more severe in patients with a longer disease duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Lee
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea
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Lee S, Lee DK, Choi E, Lee JW. Identification of a functional vitamin D response element in the murine Insig-2 promoter and its potential role in the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Mol Endocrinol 2004; 19:399-408. [PMID: 15528275 DOI: 10.1210/me.2004-0324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin-induced gene-1 (Insig-1) and its homolog Insig-2 encode closely related proteins of the endoplasmic reticulum that block proteolytic activation of sterol regulatory element binding proteins, membrane-bound transcription factors that activate synthesis of cholesterol and fatty acids in animal cells. These proteins also restrict lipogenesis in mature adipocytes and block differentiation of preadipocytes. Herein, we identified a novel 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25-(OH)2D3] response element in the promoter region of Insig-2 gene, which specifically binds to the heterodimer of retinoid X receptor and vitamin D receptor (VDR) and directs VDR-mediated transcriptional activation in a 1,25-(OH)2D3-dependent manner. Interestingly, 1,25-(OH)2D3 is known to directly suppress the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma2 protein and inhibits adipocyte differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and murine bone marrow stromal cells. Consistent with an idea that the antiadipogenic action of 1,25-(OH)2D3 may also involve up-regulation of Insig-2, we found that 1,25-(OH)2D3 transiently but strongly induces Insig-2 expression in 3T3-L1 cells. This novel regulatory circuit may also play important roles in other lipogenic cell types that express VDR, and collectively our results suggest an intriguing, new linkage between 1,25-(OH)2D3 and lipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seunghee Lee
- Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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Odabasi Z, Demirci M, Kim DS, Lee DK, Ryan HF, Claussen GC, Tseng A, Oh SJ. Postexercise facilitation of reflexes is not common in Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome. Neurology 2002; 59:1085-7. [PMID: 12370470 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.59.7.1085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Postexercise facilitation (PEF) with clinical reflexes, H-reflex, and T-reflexes at the ankle and knee was systematically studied in 16 patients with Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS). PEF was observed in ankle and knee deep tendon reflexes in five patients, in H-reflex in three patients, and in T-reflexes in six patients. When all reflex tests were combined, 7 (43.7%) of 16 patients showed PEF by at least one test. The authors conclude that the PEF of reflexes, the most helpful diagnostic clinical marker for LEMS, is not common.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Odabasi
- Department of Neurology, The Veterans Affairs Medical Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, 34294, USA
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Lee DK, Suh D, Edenberg HJ, Hur MW. POZ domain transcription factor, FBI-1, represses transcription of ADH5/FDH by interacting with the zinc finger and interfering with DNA binding activity of Sp1. J Biol Chem 2002; 277:26761-8. [PMID: 12004059 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m202078200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The POZ domain is a protein-protein interaction motif that is found in many transcription factors, which are important for development, oncogenesis, apoptosis, and transcription repression. We cloned the POZ domain transcription factor, FBI-1, that recognizes the cis-element (bp -38 to -22) located just upstream of the core Sp1 binding sites (bp -22 to +22) of the ADH5/FDH minimal promoter (bp -38 to +61) in vitro and in vivo, as revealed by electrophoretic mobility shift assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. The ADH5/FDH minimal promoter is potently repressed by the FBI-1. Glutathione S-transferase fusion protein pull-down showed that the POZ domains of FBI-1, Plzf, and Bcl-6 directly interact with the zinc finger DNA binding domain of Sp1. DNase I footprinting assays showed that the interaction prevents binding of Sp1 to the GC boxes of the ADH5/FDH promoter. Gal4-POZ domain fusions targeted proximal to the GC boxes repress transcription of the Gal4 upstream activator sequence-Sp1-adenovirus major late promoter. Our data suggest that POZ domain represses transcription by interacting with Sp1 zinc fingers and by interfering with the DNA binding activity of Sp1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Kee Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, BK21 Project for Medical Sciences, Institute of Genetic Sciences, Yonsei University School of Medicine, 134 ShinChon-Dong, SeoDaeMoon-Ku, Seoul 120-752, Korea
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Lee DK, Chung CK, Kim HJ, Kim K, Choe G, Moon CW, Kim DY. Multifocal primary CNS T cell lymphoma of the spinal cord. Clin Neuropathol 2002; 21:149-55. [PMID: 12143926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The majority of primary central nervous system lymphomas (PCNSL) are of B cell origin, and those of T cell origin are a distinct rarity. Furthermore, spinal cord involvement of T cell PCNSL is extremely rare and only a small number of cases have been reported. The authors report a case of multifocal T cell PCNSL mainly involving the intramedullary (IM) portion ofthe spinal cord in a 57-year-old woman. Neurological examination showed right leg weakness and hypesthesia below the T10 level. Magnetic resonance images revealed multiple well enhancing masses in the IM portion ofthe cervical and thoracic spinal cord and the cerebellum. Cytological examination of the cerebrospinal fluid revealed no malignant cells. As the mass at the C7 level was the largest among multiple masses, open biopsy was performed at that level. Histopathological examination confirmed malignant peripheral T cell lymphoma, unspecified (PTCL-U), small- and medium-sized cell type. Clinical and laboratory investigations failed to reveal any evidence of lymphomatous deposits elsewhere in the body. After biopsy, the patient received cranio-spinal irradiation, which included the whole brain and the spinal neuraxis. The clinical course, pathological findings and treatments are discussed and a review of the literature included.
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Affiliation(s)
- D K Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Clinical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, South Korea
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