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Nguyen TM, Wu PY, Chang CH, Huang LF. High-yield BMP2 expression in rice cells via CRISPR and endogenous αAmy3 promoter. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:206. [PMID: 38353738 PMCID: PMC10867061 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-024-13054-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Plant cells serve as versatile platforms for the production of high-value recombinant proteins. This study explored the efficacy of utilizing an endogenous αAmy3 promoter for the expression of a bioactive pharmaceutical protein, specifically the mature region of human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (hBMP2m). Utilizing a refined CRISPR/Cas9-mediated intron-targeting insertion technique, which incorporates an artificial 3' splicing site upstream of the target gene, we achieved a transformation efficiency of 13.5% in rice calli that carried the rice-codon optimized mature region of hBMP2 cDNA (rhBMP2m) in the αAmy3 intron 1. Both homozygous and heterozygous rhBMP2m knock-in rice suspension cell lines were generated. These lines demonstrated the endogenous αAmy3 promoter regulated rhBMP2m mRNA and rhBMP2m recombinant protein expression, with strongly upregulation in respond to sugar depletion. The homozygous rhBMP2m knock-in cell line yielded an impressive 21.5 μg/mL of rhBMP2m recombinant protein, accounting for 1.03% of the total soluble protein. The high-yield expression was stably maintained across two generations, indicating the genetic stability of rhBMP2m gene knock-in at the αAmy3 intron 1 locus. Additionally, the rice cell-derived rhBMP2m proteins were found to be glycosylated, capable of dimer formation, and bioactive. Our results indicate that the endogenous rice αAmy3 promoter-signal peptide-based expression system is an effective strategy for producing bioactive pharmaceutical proteins. KEY POINTS: • The endogenous αAmy3 promoter-based expression system enhanced the yield of BMP2 • The increased yield of BMP2 accounted for 1.03% of the total rice-soluble proteins • The rice-produced BMP2 showed glycosylation modifications, dimer formation, and bioactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Mai Nguyen
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan City, 320, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan City, 320, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Pei-Yi Wu
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan City, 320, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chih-Hung Chang
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan City, 320, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Li-Fen Huang
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan City, 320, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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Traeger L, Bedrikovetski S, Nguyen TM, Kwan YX, Lewis M, Moore JW, Sammour T. The impact of preoperative sarcopenia on postoperative ileus following colorectal cancer surgery. Tech Coloproctol 2023; 27:1265-1274. [PMID: 37184771 PMCID: PMC10638111 DOI: 10.1007/s10151-023-02812-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Sarcopenia is associated with poor short- and long-term patient outcomes following colorectal surgery. Despite postoperative ileus (POI) being a major complication following colorectal surgery, the predictive value of sarcopenia for POI is unclear. We assessed the association between sarcopenia and POI in patients with colorectal cancer. METHODS Elective colorectal cancer surgery patients were retrospectively included (2018-2022). The cross-sectional psoas area was calculated using preoperative staging imaging at the level of the 3rd lumbar vertebrae. Sarcopenia was determined using gender-specific cut-offs. The primary outcome POI was defined as not achieving GI-2 by day 4. Demographics, operative characteristics, and complications were compared via univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS Of 297 patients, 67 (22.6%) were sarcopenic. Patients with sarcopenia were older (median 74 (IQR 67-82) vs. 69 (58-76) years, p < 0.001) and had lower body mass index (median 24.4 (IQR 22.2-28.6) vs. 28.8 (24.9-31.9) kg/m2, p < 0.001). POI was significantly more prevalent in patients with sarcopenia (41.8% vs. 26.5%, p = 0.016). Overall rate of complications (85.1% vs. 68.3%, p = 0.007), Calvien-Dindo grade > 3 (13.4% vs. 10.0%, p = 0.026) and length of stay were increased in patients with sarcopenia (median 7 (IQR 5-12) vs. 6 (4-8) days, p = 0.013). Anastomotic leak rate was higher in patients with sarcopenia although the difference was not statistically significant (7.5% vs. 2.6%, p = 0.064). Multivariate analysis demonstrated sarcopenia (OR 2.0, 95% CI 1.1-3.8), male sex (OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.0-3.5), postoperative hypokalemia (OR 3.2, 95% CI 1.6-6.5) and increased opioid use (OR 2.4, 95% CI 1.3-4.3) were predictive of POI. CONCLUSION Sarcopenia demonstrates an association with POI. Future research towards truly identifying the predictive value of sarcopenia for postoperative complications could improve informed consent and operative planning for surgical patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Traeger
- Colorectal Unit, Department of Surgery, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Port Road, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia.
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
| | - S Bedrikovetski
- Colorectal Unit, Department of Surgery, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Port Road, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - T M Nguyen
- Colorectal Unit, Department of Surgery, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Port Road, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - Y X Kwan
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - M Lewis
- Colorectal Unit, Department of Surgery, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Port Road, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - J W Moore
- Colorectal Unit, Department of Surgery, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Port Road, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - T Sammour
- Colorectal Unit, Department of Surgery, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Port Road, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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Nguyen MT, Nguyen TT, Nguyen DB, Nguyen TM, Nguyen KN, Ngo VNM, Nguyen VD, Tran NA, Lian M, Tan ASC, Chong SS, Dang TT. Robust preimplantation genetic testing of the common F8 Inv22 pathogenic variant of severe hemophilia A using a highly polymorphic multi-marker panel encompassing the paracentric inversion. Thromb J 2023; 21:108. [PMID: 37864173 PMCID: PMC10588207 DOI: 10.1186/s12959-023-00552-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hemophilia A (HEMA) is an X-linked bleeding disorder caused by reduced/absent coagulation factor VIII expression, as a result of pathogenic variants in the F8 gene. Preimplantation prevention of HEMA should ideally include direct pathogenic F8 variant detection, complemented by linkage analysis of flanking markers to identify the high-risk F8 allele. Linkage analysis is particularly indispensable when the pathogenic variant cannot be detected directly or identified. This study evaluated the suitability of a panel of F8 intragenic and extragenic short tandem repeat markers for standalone linkage-based preimplantation genetic testing for monogenic disorder (PGT-M) of the Inv22 pathogenic variant, an almost 600 kb paracentric inversion responsible for almost half of all severe HEMA globally, for which direct detection is challenging. METHODS Thirteen markers spanning 1 Mb and encompassing both F8 and the Inv22 inversion interval were genotyped in 153 unrelated females of Viet Kinh ethnicity. RESULTS All individuals were heterozygous for ≥ 1 marker, ~ 90% were heterozygous for ≥ 1 of the five F8 intragenic markers, and almost 98% were heterozygous for ≥ 1 upstream (telomeric) and ≥ 1 downstream (centromeric) markers. A prospective PGT-M couple at risk of transmitting F8 Inv22 were fully informative at four marker loci (2 intra-inversion, 1 centromeric, 1 telomeric) and partially informative at another five (2 intra-inversion, 3 centromeric), allowing robust phasing of low- and high-risk haplotypes. In vitro fertilization produced three embryos, all of which clearly inherited the low-risk maternal allele, enabling reliable unaffected diagnoses. A single embryo transfer produced a clinical pregnancy, which was confirmed as unaffected by amniocentesis and long-range PCR, and a healthy baby girl was delivered at term. CONCLUSION Robust and reliable PGT-M of HEMA, including the common F8 Inv22 pathogenic variant, can be achieved with sufficient informative intragenic and flanking markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh Tam Nguyen
- Department of Anatomy, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thanh Tung Nguyen
- Department of Anatomy, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Duy Bac Nguyen
- Department of Anatomy, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thi Mai Nguyen
- National Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Kim Ngan Nguyen
- Department of Anatomy, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Van Nhat Minh Ngo
- Department of Anatomy, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Van Dieu Nguyen
- Department of Anatomy, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Ngoc Anh Tran
- Department of Anatomy, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Mulias Lian
- Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis Centre, National University Centre for Women and Children, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Arnold S C Tan
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
| | - Samuel S Chong
- Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis Centre, National University Centre for Women and Children, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119228, Singapore.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119228, Singapore.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Tien Truong Dang
- Department of Anatomy, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam.
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Mnikhovich MV, Romanov AV, Nguyen TM, Bezuglova TV, Pastukhova DA. Histological and electron microscopic features of the extracellular matrix of invasive breast ductal carcinoma of no special type. Report of 5 cases and literature review. Ultrastruct Pathol 2023:1-10. [PMID: 37159559 DOI: 10.1080/01913123.2023.2209162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Invasive ductal carcinoma of no special type is the most common type of breast cancer. In light of the above, many authors have reported the histological and electron microscopic characteristics of these tumors. On the other hand, a limited number of works exist where the authors have concentrated on investigating the extracellular matrix. This article presents data received as the results of light and electron microscopic examination of the extracellular matrix, angiogenesis, and cellular microenvironment of invasive breast ductal carcinoma of no special type. The authors have shown that the processes of stroma formation in the IDC NOS type are associated with the presence of fibroblasts, macrophages, dendritic cells, lymphocytes, and other cells. It was also shown the detailed interaction of the above cells with each other, as well as with vessels and fibrillar proteins such as collagen and elastin. The microcirculatory component is characterized by histophysiological heterogeneity, which manifests as the activation of angiogenesis, relative vascular differentiation, and regression of individual microcirculation components.
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Affiliation(s)
- M V Mnikhovich
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of Federal state budgetary scientific institution "Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery", Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - A V Romanov
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of Federal state budgetary scientific institution "Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery", Moscow, Russian Federation
- Unim LLC, Moscow, Russia
| | - T M Nguyen
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of Federal state budgetary scientific institution "Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery", Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - T V Bezuglova
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of Federal state budgetary scientific institution "Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery", Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - D A Pastukhova
- National Medical Research Center for Endocrinology, Moscow, Russia
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Nguyen TM, Tran Thi NT, Nguyen TH, Do TNA, Kestemont P. Immunomodulatory effects of graded levels of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) - In vitro and in vivo approaches. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2023; 134:108585. [PMID: 36758658 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The D-series resolvins formed from docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) work as anti-inflammatory mediators indicating the role of this long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid in the immune system of mammals. However, such information is still limited in fish. The current study was conducted to evaluate the immunomodulatory effects of graded levels of DHA in common carp Cyprinus carpio by in vitro and in vivo approaches. In the in vitro experiment, the head kidney leukocytes isolated from common carp (body weight = 120.3 ± 12.4 g) were exposed to DHA at 0, 15, and 75 μM (corresponding to DHA0, DHA15, and DHA75) for 1 h; the cells were then immediately exposed to lipopolysaccharides (LPS) at a dose of 10 μg/ml for 4 or 24 h to stimulate the pro-inflammatory responses. The expression of several target genes involved in the inflammatory response (tlr4, nfkb, il-1, il-6, pge2, pla2, nf-kbi, il-10, and tgf-β1) and cytoprotection (hsp70, gpx1, and prdx3) was then assessed by RT-qPCR. Results showed that the pro-inflammatory response induced by LPS was confirmed through the upregulations of il-1 and il-6 expressions in the DHA0 group after 4 h of LPS exposure. The downregulations of il-6 in DHA15 and DHA75 cells after 4 h of LPS exposure compared to DHA0 indicated that the free DHA supplementation in the cell culture medium induced an anti-inflammatory response. Decreases of il-10 and nf-kbi expression were also observed in DHA-treated groups and the highest expression of hsp70 in DHA75 cells. In the in vivo experiment, common carp juveniles (21.7 ± 0.9 g) were fed to apparent satiation with a diet supplemented with DHA at 0, 6, and 20 g/kg for 8 weeks. After the feeding trial, the fish were challenged with Aeromonas veronii at 2.1 × 107 CFU/ml and the fish mortality was then recorded during 14 days. At the end of the feeding trial and the second day of bacterial infection, fish blood samples were collected for haematological parameters while liver and head kidney were used for assaying different immune variables. Results showed that the DHA supplementation in fish diet did not influence the fish growth and other husbandry parameters. The lowest value of fish mortality was recorded in DHA20-fed fish. The positive effects of DHA-supplemented diets were also found in myeloperoxidase (MPO), glutathione (GSH), and catalase (CAT) activities. In conclusion, the results suggest that DHA is able to modulate the inflammatory response in the immune celsl at a dose of 75 μM/mL and to boost disease resistance in common carp fed on a diet supplemented with DHA at 20 g/kg of feed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Mai Nguyen
- Department of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Faculty of Fisheries, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam.
| | - Nang Thu Tran Thi
- Department of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Faculty of Fisheries, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thu Hang Nguyen
- Pharmacology Department, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thi Ngoc Anh Do
- Department of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Faculty of Fisheries, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Patrick Kestemont
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life, Earth and Environment (ILEE), University of Namur, Namur, Belgium.
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Bui TMP, Tran VK, Nguyen TTH, Le TP, Nguyen TM, Tran HA, Luu VD, Nguyen MH, Bui TH, Van Ta T, Tran TH. Preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) for hemophilia A: Experience from one center. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2022; 61:1009-1014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2021.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Agbohessou PS, Mandiki SNM, Mbondo Biyong SR, Cornet V, Nguyen TM, Lambert J, Jauniaux T, Lalèyè PA, Kestemont P. Intestinal histopathology and immune responses following Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide challenge in Nile tilapia fed enriched black soldier fly larval (BSF) meal supplemented with chitinase. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2022; 128:620-633. [PMID: 36038101 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.08.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine to what extend the addition of chitinase to black soldier fly larvae (BSF) meals enriched with either PUFA or LC-PUFA could improve the gut health of Nile tilapia and increase its immune status. Two types of BSF meals enriched with either α-linolenic acid (ALA) or ALA + eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) + docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) were produced using BSF larvae cultured on vegetable substrates (VGS) or fish offal substrates (FOS), respectively. Seven diets were formulated: a control FMFO diet and two other control diets VGD0 vs FOD0 containing the meals of each type of BSF meal as total replacement for fishmeal (FM) and fish oil (FO), as well as four diets supplemented with chitinase. Two doses of commercial chitinase from Aspergillus niger (2 g/kg and 5 g/kg of feed) were supplemented to the other diets VGD0 and FOD0 to formulate VGD2, VGD5, FOD2 and FOD5. After 53 days of feeding, FOD5 diet induced a similar growth performance as the FMFO control diet, while a significant decrease of growth was observed for the other BSF larval-based diets. BSF/FOS meal led to higher SGR of fish than BSF/VGS, as for the FOD5 compared to VGD5. At day 53, lysozyme values showed an increasing trend in fish fed all the BSF-based diets, especially those fed the VGD5. After the Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection (day 54), the same increasing trend was observed in lysozyme activity, and modulation was observed only in the VGD5 fish. ACH50 activity was reduced by the BSF-based diets except for the FOD5 diet at day 53, and LPS modulation was only observed for the VGS-chitinase-based diets at day 54. Peroxidase activity and total immunoglobulin (Igs) blood level were not affected by substrate, chitinase dose or LPS injection. At day 53, the low or high dose of chitinase increased the expressions of tlr2, il-1β and il-6 genes in the head kidney of fish fed the BSF/VGS diets compared to those fed the VGD0 or FMFO control diets. At day 54 after LPS injection, the high dose of chitinase decreased the expressions of tlr5 gene in the spleen and mhcII-α gene in the head kidney of fish fed FOD5 diets compared to those fed FOD0 diets. BSF/VGS but not BSF/FOS based diets increased fish sub-epithelial mucosa (SM) and lamina propria (LP) thickness and the number of goblet cells (GC) in fish, but dietary chitinase seemed to prevent some of these effects, especially at low dose. Results showed that chitinase supplementation of 5 g/kg of chitinase to a BSF-based diet enriched with LC-PUFA improved growth, prevented histological changes in the proximal intestine and enhanced some innate immune functions of Nile tilapia without any clear booster effect after challenge with E. coli LPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamphile S Agbohessou
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life, Earth and Environment (ILEE), University of Namur, Belgium; Laboratory of Hydrobiology and Aquaculture (LHA), Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin.
| | - Syaghalirwa N M Mandiki
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life, Earth and Environment (ILEE), University of Namur, Belgium
| | - Serge R Mbondo Biyong
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life, Earth and Environment (ILEE), University of Namur, Belgium
| | - Valérie Cornet
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life, Earth and Environment (ILEE), University of Namur, Belgium
| | - Thi Mai Nguyen
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life, Earth and Environment (ILEE), University of Namur, Belgium
| | - Jérôme Lambert
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life, Earth and Environment (ILEE), University of Namur, Belgium
| | - Thierry Jauniaux
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Fundamental and Applied Research for Animals & Health (FARAH), University of Liege, Belgium
| | - Philippe A Lalèyè
- Laboratory of Hydrobiology and Aquaculture (LHA), Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin
| | - Patrick Kestemont
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life, Earth and Environment (ILEE), University of Namur, Belgium.
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Nguyen TM, Le HL, Hwang KB, Hong YC, Kim JH. Predicting High Blood Pressure Using DNA Methylome-Based Machine Learning Models. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10061406. [PMID: 35740428 PMCID: PMC9220060 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10061406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation modification plays a vital role in the pathophysiology of high blood pressure (BP). Herein, we applied three machine learning (ML) algorithms including deep learning (DL), support vector machine, and random forest for detecting high BP using DNA methylome data. Peripheral blood samples of 50 elderly individuals were collected three times at three visits for DNA methylome profiling. Participants who had a history of hypertension and/or current high BP measure were considered to have high BP. The whole dataset was randomly divided to conduct a nested five-group cross-validation for prediction performance. Data in each outer training set were independently normalized using a min–max scaler, reduced dimensionality using principal component analysis, then fed into three predictive algorithms. Of the three ML algorithms, DL achieved the best performance (AUPRC = 0.65, AUROC = 0.73, accuracy = 0.69, and F1-score = 0.73). To confirm the reliability of using DNA methylome as a biomarker for high BP, we constructed mixed-effects models and found that 61,694 methylation sites located in 15,523 intragenic regions and 16,754 intergenic regions were significantly associated with BP measures. Our proposed models pioneered the methodology of applying ML and DNA methylome data for early detection of high BP in clinical practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Mai Nguyen
- Department of Integrative Bioscience & Biotechnology, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05006, Korea;
| | - Hoang Long Le
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05006, Korea;
| | - Kyu-Baek Hwang
- School of Computer Science & Engineering, Soongsil University, 369 Sangdo-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06978, Korea;
| | - Yun-Chul Hong
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea;
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Jin Hee Kim
- Department of Integrative Bioscience & Biotechnology, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05006, Korea;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-3408-3655
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Nguyen TM, Agbohessou PS, Nguyen TH, Tran Thi NT, Kestemont P. Immune responses and acute inflammation in common carp Cyprinus carpio injected by E.coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) as affected by dietary oils. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2022; 122:1-12. [PMID: 35007746 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Eicosanoids, resolvins, and lipoxins formed from long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) are the main lipid mediators in the inflammatory processes explaining the influence of dietary lipid sources on the immune system. The current study aimed to determine the effects of dietary plant oils instead of fish oil or LC-PUFA supplementation in these oils on fish immune and inflammatory responses under normal and LPS-stimulated conditions. Six iso-nitrogenous (ranging from 30.4 to 31.1%) and iso-lipidic (from 11.2 to 11.6%) diets were formulated using three oil sources: cod liver oil (CLO, as fish oil control); linseed oil (LO, rich in α-linolenic acid, ALA); sesame oil (SO, rich in linoleic acid, LA); a blend of LO and SO (SLO, v:v 1:1); and two pure plant oil diets supplemented with docosahexaenoic acid, DHA (SO + DHA, SOD) or arachidonic acid, ARA (LO + ARA, LOA). Fish were fed the experimental diets to satiation for 42 days. On day 43, they were injected with E.coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) at 100 μg/fish. Fish plasma and tissues such as head kidney and liver were collected on day 42 and one day after LPS injection (day 44) for humoral immune variables and gene expression analyses, respectively. After 42 days of feeding, no influences of dietary oils were found on fish survival, growth, feed utilization, and humoral immune responses. On the other hand, LPS injection significantly stimulated immune responses and induced an acute inflammation in common carp through an increase of the complement activity and the up-regulation of genes involved in the innate immune system (c2), pro-inflammatory response (tlr-4, tnf-α, il-1, il-6, il-8, and cxc), eicosanoid metabolism (pla2, cox-1, 5-lox, and pge2), and anti-inflammatory response (tgf-β1 and nf-fki). Further, the expression of hsp70 was stimulated by LPS injection. The effects of dietary oil sources were observed after LPS injection, with a significant modification in the expression of almost all candidate genes. The highest pro-inflammatory responses induced by LPS were observed in CLO-fed fish while the mixture of plant oils (SLO) and LC-PUFA-supplemented diets induced significantly higher modulations in anti-inflammatory responses (il-10 and nf-kbi), general stress status (hsp70), and cytoprotection (gpx-1) compared to fish oil control and other pure plant oil groups. In conclusion, the immune response of common carp has been modified by the dietary fat sources. The fish oil-based diet supported an increase of the pro-inflammatory responses while the mixture of plant oil or LC-PUFA supplemented diets improved the anti-inflammatory responses and cytoprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Mai Nguyen
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life, Earth and Environment (ILEE), University of Namur, Belgium; Faculty of Fisheries, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Viet Nam.
| | - Pamphile S Agbohessou
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life, Earth and Environment (ILEE), University of Namur, Belgium; Laboratory of Hydrobiology and Aquaculture (LHA), Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin
| | - Thu Hang Nguyen
- Pharmacology Department, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Nang Thu Tran Thi
- Faculty of Fisheries, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Patrick Kestemont
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life, Earth and Environment (ILEE), University of Namur, Belgium.
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Nguyen TM, Lu CA, Huang LF. Applications of CRISPR/Cas9 in a rice protein expression system via an intron-targeted insertion approach. Plant Sci 2022; 315:111132. [PMID: 35067302 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2021.111132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The sugar starvation-inducible rice αAmy3 promoter and signal peptide are widely used to produce valuable recombinant proteins in rice suspension culture cells. Conventionally, the recombinant gene expression cassette is inserted into the genome at random locations by Agrobacterium- or particle bombardment-mediated transformation. CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing enables gene insertion at a precise target site in the genome. In this study the CRISPR/Cas9 approach was modified for intron-targeted insertion by adding an artificial 3' splicing site upstream of the recombinant gene. Knock-in transgenic rice cell lines containing the recombinant GFP gene inserted in intron 1 of αAmy3 were generated. The endogenous αAmy3 promoter regulated recombinant gene expression and the αAmy3 signal peptide directed secretion of the recombinant GFP protein into the culture medium. In addition, the recombinant GFP protein was localized in amyloplasts, identical to the subcellular localization of endogenous αAmy3 reported previously. This modified CRISPR/Cas9 knock-in approach is simple and highly efficient, and the recombinant gene insertion frequency attained 12.5%. The approach can be applied in the production of pharmaceutical proteins in rice suspension cell cultures. The high efficiency of the GFP reporter gene knock-in method and the maintenance of target gene behavior also make the strategy applicable to endogenous gene functional studies in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Mai Nguyen
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan City 320, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan City 320, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chung-An Lu
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan City 320, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Li-Fen Huang
- Graduate School of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan City 320, Taiwan, ROC.
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11
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Kim DH, Nguyen TM, Kim JH. Infectious Respiratory Diseases Decreased during the COVID-19 Pandemic in South Korea. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:6008. [PMID: 34205018 PMCID: PMC8199908 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18116008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Infectious respiratory diseases are highly contagious and very common, and thus can be considered as one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. We followed up the incidence rates (IRs) of eight infectious respiratory diseases, including chickenpox, measles, pertussis, mumps, invasive pneumococcal disease, scarlet fever, rubella, and meningococcal disease, after COVID-19 mitigation measures were implemented in South Korea, and then compared those with the IRs in the corresponding periods in the previous 3 years. Overall, the IRs of these diseases before and after age- or sex-standardization significantly decreased in the intervention period compared with the pre-intervention periods (p < 0.05 for all eight diseases). However, the difference in the IRs of all eight diseases between the IRs before and after age-standardization was significant (p < 0.05 for all periods), while it was not significant with regard to sex-standardization. The incidence rate ratios for eight diseases in the pre-intervention period compared with the intervention period ranged from 3.1 to 4.1. These results showed the positive effects of the mitigation measures on preventing the development of respiratory infectious diseases, regardless of age or sex, but we need to consider the age-structure of the population to calculate the effect size. In the future, some of these measures could be applied nationwide to prevent the occurrence or to reduce the transmission during outbreaks of these infections. This study provides evidence for strengthening the infectious disease management policies in South Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jin Hee Kim
- Department of Integrative Bioscience & Biotechnology, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05006, Korea; (D.H.K.); (T.M.N.)
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12
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Nguyen TM, Nguyen VH, Kim JH. Physical Exercise and Health-Related Quality of Life in Office Workers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:ijerph18073791. [PMID: 33916437 PMCID: PMC8038562 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18073791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Office workers are at high risk for many chronic diseases, lowering their health-related quality of life (HRQOL). This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to summarize the effects of physical exercise on HRQOL in office workers with and without health problems using data obtained from randomized controlled trials (RCTs), quasi-experimental, and observational studies. We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and several grey literature databases, and identified 26 relevant studies for the synthesis. Overall, physical exercise significantly improved general (standardized mean difference (SMD) = 1.05; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.66 to 1.44) and mental (SMD = 0.42; 95% CI: 0.19 to 0.66) HRQOL in office workers. Compared with healthy office workers, unhealthy office workers experienced greater improvements in general (unhealthy, SMD = 2.76; 95% CI: 1.63 to 3.89; healthy, SMD = 0.23; 95% CI: −0.09 to 0.56) and physical (unhealthy, SMD = 0.38; 95% CI: 0.17 to 0.58; healthy, SMD = −0.20; 95% CI: −0.51 to 0.11) HRQOL. Unsupervised physical exercise significantly improved general and mental HRQOL, while directly supervised physical exercise significantly improved only general HRQOL. Although physical exercise, especially unsupervised physical exercise, should be encouraged to improve HRQOL in office workers, detailed recommendations could not be made because of the diverse exercise types with different intensities. Therefore, further studies are needed to determine the optimal exercise for office workers with different health conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Mai Nguyen
- Department of Integrative Bioscience & Biotechnology, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05006, Korea;
| | - Van Huy Nguyen
- Health Innovation and Transformation Centre, Federation University, Mount Helen, Ballarat, VIC 3350, Australia;
- Graduate School of Public Health, St. Luke’s International University, 3-6-2 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Jin Hee Kim
- Department of Integrative Bioscience & Biotechnology, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05006, Korea;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-3408-3655
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13
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Nguyen TM, Tonmukayakul U, Calache H. Dental Restrictions to Clinical Practice during the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Australian Perspective. JDR Clin Trans Res 2021; 6:291-294. [PMID: 33632001 DOI: 10.1177/23800844211000341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER STATEMENT The reportedly low COVID-19 transmission occurring in dental settings highlight achievements made by the dental profession. There are valid reasons to reconsider risk-based essential oral healthcare during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- T M Nguyen
- Deakin Health Economics, Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.,Community Dental Program, Peninsula Health, Frankston, VIC, Australia.,Coburg Hill Oral Care, Coburg North, VIC, Australia
| | - U Tonmukayakul
- Deakin Health Economics, Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - H Calache
- Deakin Health Economics, Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.,Dentistry and Oral Health, La Trobe Rural Health School, La Trobe University, Flora Hill, VIC, Australia
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14
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Nguyen TM, Mandiki SNM, Salomon JMAJ, Baruti JB, Thi NTT, Nguyen TH, Nhu TQ, Kestemont P. Pro- and anti-inflammatory responses of common carp Cyprinus carpio head kidney leukocytes to E.coli LPS as modified by different dietary plant oils. Dev Comp Immunol 2021; 114:103828. [PMID: 32798494 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2020.103828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Dietary lipids could modify fatty acid (FA) composition in fish tissues. Long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) such as arachidonic acid (ARA), eicosapentaneoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are able to modulate the immune status in fish through an inflammatory process but their availability may be limited when fish are exclusively fed plant oils. This study was conducted to evaluate how to maximise the utilisation of dietary plant oil for an efficient inflammatory response in common carp head kidney leukocytes (HKLs) exposed to a gram-negative bacterial endotoxin, Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharides (LPS). HKLs were isolated from fish fed cod liver oil (CLO), linseed oil (LO), sesame oil (SO) a blend of SO and LO (SLO, v:v 1:1), and these plant oil diets supplemented with DHA (SO + DHA, SOD) or ARA (LO + ARA, LOA) for 6 weeks. Cells were then exposed to LPS at a dose of 10 μg/mL for 4 and 24 h. Peroxidase activity, total Ig, and NO levels were measured in the culture medium, while cells were used for expression analyses of candidate genes in pattern recognition (tlr-4), eicosanoid metabolism (pge2, 5-lox), pro-inflammatory (il-1, il-6, il-8, tnf-α, nf-kb, inos, cxc), anti-inflammatory (il-10, nf-kbi, tgf-β1) responses, and cytoprotective (gpx-1, prdx-3) processes. Results showed that LPS induced significantly inflammatory responses, evidenced by a high level of almost all the targeted humoral immune parameters and/or gene expression. Expression of inflammatory cytokines and other inflammatory mediators was upregulated after 4 h-LPS exposure and reverted to basal levels after 24 h. HKLs from fish fed SLO, LOA, or SOD diet exhibited a more efficient regulation of acute inflammatory processes than those fed CLO diet. The results indicate that the immune competence of fish fed plant oil mixture was comparable to the one of fish fed fish oil diet. Moreover, the supplementation of ARA or DHA induced similar immunomodulation in common carp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Mai Nguyen
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life, Earth and Environment (ILEE), University of Namur, Namur, Belgium; Faculty of Fisheries, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Viet Nam.
| | - Syaghalirwa N M Mandiki
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life, Earth and Environment (ILEE), University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | - Jean M A J Salomon
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life, Earth and Environment (ILEE), University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | - Joel Bondekwe Baruti
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life, Earth and Environment (ILEE), University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | - Nang Thu Tran Thi
- Faculty of Fisheries, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Thu Hang Nguyen
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life, Earth and Environment (ILEE), University of Namur, Namur, Belgium; Pharmacology Department, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Truong Quynh Nhu
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life, Earth and Environment (ILEE), University of Namur, Namur, Belgium; College of Aquaculture and Fisheries, Cantho University, Campus II, Cantho City, Viet Nam
| | - Patrick Kestemont
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life, Earth and Environment (ILEE), University of Namur, Namur, Belgium.
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15
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Nguyen TM, Do TTT, Tran TN, Kim JH. Exercise and Quality of Life in Women with Menopausal Symptoms: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17:E7049. [PMID: 32993147 PMCID: PMC7579592 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17197049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Menopausal symptoms are associated with deterioration in physical, mental, and sexual health, lowering women's quality of life (QoL). Our study objective is to examine the effect of exercise on QoL in women with menopausal symptoms. After initially identifying 1306 studies published on PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane Library before June 2020, two researchers independently selected nine randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in which any type of exercise was compared with no active treatment. We assessed the risk of bias in the included studies using the Cochrane risk-of-bias 2.0 tool for RCTs and computed the converged standardized mean difference with a 95% confidence interval. We found evidences for the positive effects of exercise on physical and psychological QoL scores in women with menopausal symptoms. However, there was no evidence for the effects of exercise on general, social, and menopause-specific QoL scores. The most common interventions for women with menopausal and urinary symptoms were yoga and pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT), respectively. In our meta-analyses, while yoga significantly improved physical QoL, its effects on general, psychological, sexual, and vasomotor symptoms QoL scores as well as the effect of PFMT on general QoL were not significant. Our findings suggest that well-designed studies are needed to confirm the effect of exercise on QoL in women with menopausal symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Mai Nguyen
- Department of Integrative Bioscience & Biotechnology, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05006, Korea;
| | - Thi Thanh Toan Do
- Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, 01 Ton That Tung, Dong Da, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam; (T.T.T.D.); (T.N.T.)
| | - Tho Nhi Tran
- Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, 01 Ton That Tung, Dong Da, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam; (T.T.T.D.); (T.N.T.)
| | - Jin Hee Kim
- Department of Integrative Bioscience & Biotechnology, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05006, Korea;
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16
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Nguyen TH, Nachtergael A, Nguyen TM, Cornet V, Duez P, Muller M, Ly Huong DT, Kestemont P. Anti-inflammatory properties of the ethanol extract from Clerodendrum cyrtophyllum Turcz based on in vitro and in vivo studies. J Ethnopharmacol 2020; 254:112739. [PMID: 32142867 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Clerodendrum cyrtophyllum Turcz, a plant belonging to the Verbenaceae family, has been used in traditional medicine for the treatment of various inflammatory diseases in many Asian countries. AIM OF THE STUDY The study aimed to evaluate anti-inflammatory properties of the ethanol extract from Clerodendrum cyrthophyllum Turcz leaves (EE-CC) through in vitro and in vivo models. MATERIAL AND METHODS Total phenolic and flavonoid contents in the extract were determined using colorimetric methods and HPTLC. In red blood cell membrane stabilization model, rat erythrocyte suspension was treated with crude ethanol extract at different concentrations, the hemoglobin content of the supernatant solution released by red blood hemolysis was estimated. We also evaluated the effects of the ethanol extract from this plant on the production of nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. In order to elucidate its anti-inflammatory molecular mechanisms, we further evaluated the effects of the EE-CC on the expression of the inflammatory genes in inflammation-induced zebrafish model by tail-cutting using qPCR analysis. RESULTS Colorimetric methods and HPTLC revealed high phenolic and flavonoid contents in the extract. In the red blood cell membrane stabilization model, the amount of hemoglobin released by red blood hemolysis significantly decreased in the presence of EE-CC, demonstrating a strong membrane stabilizing activity. EE-CC did not cause any toxic effect on cell viability but strongly inhibited NO and TNF-ɑ release due to LPS induction. The association with EE-CC significantly reduced the expression of cox-2, pla2, c3a, il-1(il1fma), il-8 (cxcl8b.1), tnf-α, and nf-ƙb, while increased the expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine il-10 gene in cut-tail induced inflammation of zebrafish model. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, the results suggest that the raw ethanol extract from C. cyrtophyllum Turcz leaves presents potent anti-inflammatory activities and may be useful for the treatment of various inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thu Hang Nguyen
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life, Earth and Environment (ILEE), University of Namur, Belgium; Pharmacology Department, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, Viet Nam
| | | | - Thi Mai Nguyen
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life, Earth and Environment (ILEE), University of Namur, Belgium; Faculty of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Vietnam National University of Agriculture (VNUA), Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Valérie Cornet
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life, Earth and Environment (ILEE), University of Namur, Belgium
| | - Pierre Duez
- Unit of Therapeutic Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, University of Mons, Belgium
| | - Marc Muller
- Dept. Life Sciences, GIGA-R, Lab. for Organogenesis and Regeneration, University of Liege, Belgium
| | - Duong Thi Ly Huong
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vietnam National University, Viet Nam
| | - Patrick Kestemont
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life, Earth and Environment (ILEE), University of Namur, Belgium.
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17
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Affiliation(s)
- T M Nguyen
- Département of Anaesthesiology, Seclin Carvin Hospital center, 59113 Seclin, France.
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18
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Salte IM, Oestvik A, Smistad E, Melichova D, Nguyen TM, Brunvand H, Edvardsen T, Loevstakken L, Grenne B. 545 Deep learning/artificial intelligence for automatic measurement of global longitudinal strain by echocardiography. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jez319.279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
The Norwegian Health Association, South-Eastern Norway regional health Authority and the national program for clinical therapy research (KLINBEFORSK).
Background
Global longitudinal strain (GLS) by echocardiography has incremental prognostic value in patients with acute myocardial infarction and heart failure compared to left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction and provides more reproducible measurements of LV function. Recent advances in machine learning for image analysis now open the possibility for robust fully automated tracing of the LV and measurement of global longitudinal strain (GLS), without any operator input. This could make real-time GLS possible and remove inter-reader variability, thus resulting in saved time and improved test-retest reliability. The aim of the present study was to investigate how measurements by this novel automatic method compares to conventional speckle tracking analyses of GLS.
Methods
100 transthoracic echocardiographic examinations were included from a clinical database of patients with acute myocardial infarction or de-novo heart failure. Examinations were included consecutively and regardless of image quality. Simpson biplane LV ejection fraction ranged from 7 to 70%. Images of three standard apical planes from each examination were analysed using our novel and fully automated GLS method based on deep learning technology. The automated GLS measurements were compared to conventional speckle tracking GLS measurements of the same acquisitions using vendor specific format and software (EchoPAC, GE Healthcare), performed by a single experienced observer.
Results
GLS was -11.6 ± 4.5% and -12.8 ± 5.0% for the deep learning method and the conventional method, respectively. Bland-Altman analysis showed a bias of -0.7 ± 1,9% and 95% limits of agreement of -4,6 to 3.1. No clear value dependent bias was found by visual inspection (Figure A). Feasibility for measurement of GLS was 93% for the deep learning based method and 99% for the conventional method. The limits of agreement found in our study is comparable to findings in the intervendor comparison study by the EASCVI/ASE/Industry Task force to standardize deformation imaging.
Conclusion
This novel deep learning based method succeeds without any operator input to automatically identify and classify the three apical standard views, trace the myocardium, perform motion estimation and measure global longitudinal strain. This could further facilitate the clinical use of GLS as an important tool for enhancing clinical decision-making.
Abstract 545 Figure.
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Affiliation(s)
- I M Salte
- Hospital of Southern Norway, Department of Medicine, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - A Oestvik
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Trondheim, Norway
| | - E Smistad
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Trondheim, Norway
| | - D Melichova
- Hospital of Southern Norway, Department of Medicine, Arendal, Norway
| | - T M Nguyen
- Hospital of Southern Norway, Department of Medicine, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - H Brunvand
- Hospital of Southern Norway, Department of Medicine, Arendal, Norway
| | - T Edvardsen
- Oslo University Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Oslo, Norway
| | - L Loevstakken
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Trondheim, Norway
| | - B Grenne
- St Olavs Hospital, Clinic of Cardiology, Trondheim, Norway
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Melichova D, Nguyen TM, Salte IM, Klaebo LG, Sjoli B, Karlsen S, Dahlslett T, Leren IS, Edvardsen T, Brunvand H, Haugaa KH. P1428 Mortality in non-ischemic cardiomyopathy is low and close to the general population. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jez319.857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
South Eastern Norway regional health authority
Background
Patients with non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (NDCM) have lower mortality compared to patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM). Recent reports suggest less benefit of a primary prophylactic implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) in NDCM.
Purpose
We aimed to investigate mortality rate and appropriate ICD therapy in a consecutive cohort of patients with NDCM and ICM.
Methods
In this prospective multi-center study, we consecutively included NDCM and ICM patients with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) < 40% from July 2014 to January 2018. ICM or NDCM classification was based on coronary angiography. Echocardiography was performed at inclusion and LVEF and global longitudinal strain (GLS) were assessed. All-cause mortality and primary prevention ICD therapies were recorded during follow-up.
Results
We included 290 patients (67 ± 13 years old, 74% males), 207 with ICM and 83 with NDCM. At inclusion LVEF was 31 ± 6% and GLS -10.5 ± -3.3%. Patients with ICM were older (68 ± 12 years vs. 63 ± 15 years, p < 0.01), had better LVEF (32 ± 6% vs. 28 ± 7%, p < 0.01), and shorter QRS duration (106 ± 23 ms vs. 122 ± 28 ms, p < 0.01). A primary prevention ICD was implanted in 18 (9%) ICM patients and in 21 (25%) NDCM patients (p < 0.001).
During 22 ±12 months follow up, all-cause mortality was 27 (9%) in the entire population. In patients with ICM 1/18 (6%) received appropriate shock from their primary prevention ICD compared to 3/21 (14%) NDCM patients. Mortality was more frequent in ICM; 26/207 (13%) compared to 1/83 (1.2%) in NDCM (Log rank p < 0.01). All-cause mortality or appropriate ICD shock was more frequent in ICM compared to NDCM (27 (13%) vs. 4 (5%) log rank p = 0.02) (Figure). Assuming the arrhythmias treated by the ICD shocks would have been lethal, annual mortality of 2.5% in the NDCM population was only slightly higher compared to the age matched general population (1% annual mortality) (blue line).
Conclusion
Patients with NDCM had better survival, and in general a lower event rate, compared to patients with ICM. However, subgroups of NDCM patients may benefit from their primary prophylactic ICD and further studies should investigate the need of primary prevention ICD in patients with NDCM.
Abstract P1428 Figure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - L G Klaebo
- Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - B Sjoli
- Sorlandet Hospital, Arendal, Norway
| | | | | | - I S Leren
- Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - T Edvardsen
- Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - K H Haugaa
- Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
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20
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Nguyen TM, Mandiki SNM, Gense C, Tran TNT, Nguyen TH, Kestemont P. A combined in vivo and in vitro approach to evaluate the influence of linseed oil or sesame oil and their combination on innate immune competence and eicosanoid metabolism processes in common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Dev Comp Immunol 2020; 102:103488. [PMID: 31476324 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2019.103488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the influence of dietary pure linseed oil or sesame oil or a mixture on innate immune competence and eicosanoid metabolism in common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Carp of 100.4 ± 4.7 g were fed to satiation twice daily for 6 weeks with four diets prepared from three lipid sources (CLO; LO; SO; SLO). On day 42, plasma was sampled for immune parameter analyses, and kidney and liver tissues were dissected for gene expression analysis. On day 45, HKL and PBMCs from remaining fish were isolated and exposed to E. coli LPS at a dose of 10 μg/mL for 24 h. Results show that the SLO diet enhanced feed utilisation (P = 0.01), while no negative effects on growth or survival were observed in plant oil-fed fish compared to those fed a fish-oil based diet. Plant oil diets did not alter lysozyme and peroxidase activities or gene expression levels. Moreover, the diets did not affect the expression levels of some genes involved in eicosanoid metabolism processes (pla, pge2, lox5). Lys expression in HKL in vitro following exposure to LPS was up-regulated in LO-fed fish, while expression levels of pge2 were higher in SLO fish than in other groups (P < 0.05). The highest value for peroxidase activity in HKL exposed to LPS was found in the SLO-fed group (P < 0.05). In conclusion, our results indicate that dietary plant oils did not induce any negative effects on fish growth, survival, and immune competence status. Moreover, a dietary combination of SO and LO improved the feed utilisation efficiency and seemed more effective in inducing a better immunomodulatory response to LPS through a more active eicosanoid metabolism process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Mai Nguyen
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life, Earth and Environment (ILEE), University of Namur, 61 Rue de Bruxelles, Namur, 5000, Belgium; Faculty of Fisheries, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Viet Nam.
| | - Syaghalirwa N M Mandiki
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life, Earth and Environment (ILEE), University of Namur, 61 Rue de Bruxelles, Namur, 5000, Belgium
| | - Curie Gense
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life, Earth and Environment (ILEE), University of Namur, 61 Rue de Bruxelles, Namur, 5000, Belgium
| | - Thi Nang Thu Tran
- Faculty of Fisheries, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Thu Hang Nguyen
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life, Earth and Environment (ILEE), University of Namur, 61 Rue de Bruxelles, Namur, 5000, Belgium; Pharmacology department, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Patrick Kestemont
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life, Earth and Environment (ILEE), University of Namur, 61 Rue de Bruxelles, Namur, 5000, Belgium.
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21
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Nguyen TM, Mandiki SNM, Tran TNT, Larondelle Y, Mellery J, Mignolet E, Cornet V, Flamion E, Kestemont P. Growth performance and immune status in common carp Cyprinus carpio as affected by plant oil-based diets complemented with β-glucan. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2019; 92:288-299. [PMID: 31195114 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Omnivorous fish species such as the common carp (Cyprinus carpio) are able to biosynthesise long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) from plant oil PUFA precursors, but the influence of the amount and quality of the LC-PUFAs biosynthesised from these oils on the immunocompetence status of the fish has received little attention. This study aims to evaluate whether the conversion of PUFA by carp induces a sufficient biosynthesis of LC-PUFA to maintain a good immunocompetence status in this species. Six iso-nitrogenous (crude protein = 39.1%) and iso-lipidic (crude lipids = 10%) diets containing three different lipid sources (cod liver oil (CLO) as fish oil; linseed oil (LO) and sunflower oil (SFO) as plant oils) were formulated with or without β-glucan supplementation at 0.25 g/kg diet. Juvenile carp (16.3 ± 0.6 g initial body weight) were fed a daily ration of 4% body weight for 9 weeks and then infected at day 64 with the bacteria Aeromonas hydrophyla. No significant differences in survival rate, final body weight, specific growth rate and feed conversion rate were observed between diets. After bacterial infection, mortality rate did not differ between fish fed CLO and plant oil-based diets, indicating that the latter oils did not affect the overall immunocompetence status of common carp. Plant oil-based diets did not alter lysozyme activity in healthy and infected fish. No negative effects of plant oils on complement activity (ACH50) were observed in healthy fish, even if both plant oil-based diets induced a decrease in stimulated fish two days after infection. Furthermore, the levels of various immune genes (nk, lys, il-8, pla, pge, alox) were not affected by plant oil-based diets. The expression of pla and pge genes were higher in SFO-fed fish than in CLO ones, indicating that this plant oil rich in linoleic acid (LA) better stimulated the eicosanoid metabolism process than fish oil. In response to β-glucan supplementation, some innate immune functions seemed differentially affected by plant oil-based diets. LO and SFO induced substantial LC-PUFA production, even if fish fed CLO displayed the highest EPA and DHA levels in tissues. SFO rich in LA induced the highest ARA levels in fish muscle while LO rich in α-linolenic acid (ALA) sustained higher EPA production than SFO. A significantly higher fads-6a expression level was observed in SFO fish than in LO ones, but this was not observed for elovl5 expression. In conclusion, the results show that common carp fed plant oil-based diets are able to produce substantial amounts of LC-PUFA for sustaining growth rate, immune status and disease resistance similar to fish fed a fish oil-based diet. The differences in the production capacity of LC-PUFAs by the two plant oil-based diets were associated to a differential activation of some immune pathways, explaining how the use of these oils did not affect the overall immunocompetence of fish challenged with bacterial infection. Moreover, plant oil-based diets did not induce substantial negative effects on the immunomodulatory action of β-glucans, confirming that these oils are suitable for sustaining a good immunocompetence status in common carp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Mai Nguyen
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life, Earth and Environment (ILEE), University of Namur, Belgium; Faculty of Fisheries, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Viet Nam.
| | - Syaghalirwa N M Mandiki
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life, Earth and Environment (ILEE), University of Namur, Belgium
| | - Thi Nang Thu Tran
- Faculty of Fisheries, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Yvan Larondelle
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Julie Mellery
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Eric Mignolet
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Valérie Cornet
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life, Earth and Environment (ILEE), University of Namur, Belgium
| | - Enora Flamion
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life, Earth and Environment (ILEE), University of Namur, Belgium
| | - Patrick Kestemont
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life, Earth and Environment (ILEE), University of Namur, Belgium.
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22
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Nguyen TM, Caruhel JB, Khonsari RH. A subperiosteal maxillary implant causing severe osteolysis. J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg 2018; 119:523-525. [PMID: 29940264 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2018.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Subperiosteal implant denture therapy was initially introduced in 1942 in Sweden and was subsequently used worldwide for the treatment of fully edentulous maxillary or mandibular arches with advanced bone atrophy. Most authors describe decent success rates for mandibular subperiosteal implants in cases with major bone atrophy but follow-up studies for maxillary subperiosteal implants are not available. Here, we report a case of severe maxillary osteolysis secondary to the placement of a subperiosteal in-house implant. Subperiosteal implants are rarely used today but patients still carrying these devices can be challenging to manage when severe complications occur. New technical advances, including the use of surgical planification and additive manufacturing, may lead to a new interest in subperiosteal implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- T M Nguyen
- Service de chirurgie maxillofaciale et plastique, hôpital universitaire Necker-Enfants-Malades, université Sorbonne Paris Cité, université Paris Descartes, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 149, rue de Sèvres, 75015 Paris, France
| | - J-B Caruhel
- Service de chirurgie maxillofaciale et stomatologie, hôpital universitaire Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne université, université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 47-83 boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France
| | - R H Khonsari
- Service de chirurgie maxillofaciale et plastique, hôpital universitaire Necker-Enfants-Malades, université Sorbonne Paris Cité, université Paris Descartes, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 149, rue de Sèvres, 75015 Paris, France.
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23
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Ma C, Dutton SJ, Cipriano LE, Singh S, Parker CE, Nguyen TM, Guizzetti L, Gregor JC, Chande N, Hindryckx P, Feagan BG, Jairath V. Systematic review with meta-analysis: prevalence, risk factors and costs of aminosalicylate use in Crohn's disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2018; 48:114-126. [PMID: 29851091 DOI: 10.1111/apt.14821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aminosalicylates are the most frequently prescribed drugs for patients with Crohn's disease (CD), yet evidence to support their efficacy as induction or maintenance therapy is controversial. AIMS To quantify aminosalicylate use in CD clinical trials, identify factors associated with use and estimate direct annual treatment costs of therapy. METHODS MEDLINE, Embase and CENTRAL were searched to April 2017 for placebo-controlled trials in adults with CD treated with corticosteroids, immunosuppressants or biologics. The proportion of patients co-prescribed aminosalicylates in placebo arms was pooled using a random-effects model. Meta-regression was used to identify factors associated with aminosalicylate use. Annual treatment costs were estimated using the 2016 Ontario Drug Benefit Program. RESULTS Forty-two induction and 10 maintenance trials were included. The pooled proportion of patients co-prescribed aminosalicylates was 44% [95% CI: 39%-49%] in induction trials and 49% [95% CI: 35%-64%] in maintenance trials. There was substantial to considerable heterogeneity (I2 = 86.0%, 91.8% for induction and maintenance trials, respectively). In multivariable meta-regression, aminosalicylate use has decreased over time in induction trials (OR 0.50 [95% CI: 0.34-0.74] per 10-year increment). While a decline has been seen over time, 35% of CD patients were still using aminosalicylates in contemporary trials from the last 5 years. The estimated annual cost for the lowest price mesalazine (mesalamine) formulation is approximately $32 million for the Canadian CD population. CONCLUSIONS Over one-third of CD patients entering clinical trials are still co-prescribed aminosalicylates. A definitive trial is needed to inform the conventional practice of using aminosalicylates as CD maintenance therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Ma
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Robarts Clinical Trials, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - S J Dutton
- Oxford Clinical Trials Research Unit and Centre for Statistics in Medicine, Nuffield Department of Orthopedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - L E Cipriano
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Western University, London, ON, Canada.,Ivey Business School, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - S Singh
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Division of Gastroenterology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - C E Parker
- Robarts Clinical Trials, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - T M Nguyen
- Robarts Clinical Trials, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - L Guizzetti
- Robarts Clinical Trials, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - J C Gregor
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - N Chande
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - P Hindryckx
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - B G Feagan
- Robarts Clinical Trials, Western University, London, ON, Canada.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Western University, London, ON, Canada.,Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - V Jairath
- Robarts Clinical Trials, Western University, London, ON, Canada.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Western University, London, ON, Canada.,Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada
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24
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Ma C, Guizzetti L, Panaccione R, Fedorak RN, Pai RK, Parker CE, Nguyen TM, Khanna R, Vande Casteele N, D'Haens G, Sandborn WJ, Feagan BG, Jairath V. Systematic review with meta-analysis: endoscopic and histologic placebo rates in induction and maintenance trials of ulcerative colitis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2018; 47:1578-1596. [PMID: 29696670 DOI: 10.1111/apt.14672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regulatory requirements for claims of mucosal healing in ulcerative colitis (UC) will require demonstration of both endoscopic and histologic healing. Quantifying these rates is essential for future drug development. AIMS To meta-analyse endoscopic and histologic placebo response and remission rates in UC randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and identify factors influencing these rates. METHODS MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library were searched from inception to March 2017 for placebo-controlled trials of pharmacological interventions for UC. Endoscopic and histologic placebo rates were pooled by random effects. Mixed effects univariable and multivariable meta-regression was used to evaluate the influence of patient, intervention and trial-related study-level covariates on these rates. RESULTS Fifty-six induction (placebo n = 4171) and 8 maintenance trials (placebo n = 1011) were included. Pooled placebo endoscopic remission and response rates for induction trials were 23% [95 confidence interval (CI) 19-28%] and 35% [95% CI 27-42%] respectively, and 20% [95% CI 16-24%] for maintenance of remission. The pooled histologic placebo remission rate was 14% [95% CI 8-22%] for induction trials. High heterogeneity was observed for all outcomes (I2 56.2%-88.3%). On multivariable meta-regression, central endoscopy reading was associated with significantly lower endoscopic placebo remission rates (16% vs 25%; OR = 0.52, [95% CI 0.29-0.92], P = 0.03). On univariable meta-regression, higher histologic placebo remission was associated with concomitant corticosteroids (OR = 1.17 [95% CI 1.08-1.26], P < 0.0001, per 10% increase in corticosteroid use). CONCLUSIONS Placebo endoscopic and histologic rates range from 14% to 35% in UC RCTs but are highly heterogeneous. Outcome standardisation may reduce heterogeneity and is needed in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Ma
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Robarts Clinical Trials, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - L Guizzetti
- Robarts Clinical Trials, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - R Panaccione
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - R N Fedorak
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - R K Pai
- Robarts Clinical Trials, Western University, London, ON, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | - C E Parker
- Robarts Clinical Trials, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - T M Nguyen
- Robarts Clinical Trials, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - R Khanna
- Robarts Clinical Trials, Western University, London, ON, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - N Vande Casteele
- Robarts Clinical Trials, Western University, London, ON, Canada.,Division of Gastroenterology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - G D'Haens
- Robarts Clinical Trials, Western University, London, ON, Canada.,Inflammatory Bowel Disease Centre, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - W J Sandborn
- Robarts Clinical Trials, Western University, London, ON, Canada.,Division of Gastroenterology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - B G Feagan
- Robarts Clinical Trials, Western University, London, ON, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - V Jairath
- Robarts Clinical Trials, Western University, London, ON, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Western University, London, ON, Canada
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25
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Trinh VH, Nguyen TH, To TMD, Nguyen TM, Tran TTH, Nguyen VC. Species composition and level of infestation of cockroaches in three areas in Hanoi. Trop Biomed 2016; 33:500-505. [PMID: 33579122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A study on the species composition and the level of infestation of cockroaches was carried out from April 2013 to October 2014 in three localities of Hanoi, Vietnam, namely the Lan Ong-Old Town, Linh Dam condominium and Tan Da Resort. Out of the 187 units of premises examined, 44.9% of units were infested with cockroaches. A total of 576 cockroaches were trapped, of which six species were identified: Periplaneta americana (L.) was the most dominant species (72.1%), followed by Blattella germanica (L.) (14.8%), Pycnoscelus surinamensis (L.) (7.3%), Periplaneta australasiae (Fabricius) (2.9%), Periplaneta fuliginosa (Serville) (1.9%) and Supella longipalpa (Fabricius) (1.0%). Infestation was the highest in Lan Ong (74.0%), followed by Linh Dam (40.5%) and Tan Da (25.9%). Cockroaches were abundantly found in warehouses (100%), electrical distribution room (56.3%), and kitchens (46.7%).
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Affiliation(s)
- V H Trinh
- Institute of Ecology and Works Protection, 267 Chua Boc, Dong Da, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - T H Nguyen
- Institute of Ecology and Works Protection, 267 Chua Boc, Dong Da, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - T M D To
- Institute of Ecology and Works Protection, 267 Chua Boc, Dong Da, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - T M Nguyen
- Institute of Ecology and Works Protection, 267 Chua Boc, Dong Da, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - T T H Tran
- Institute of Ecology and Works Protection, 267 Chua Boc, Dong Da, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - V C Nguyen
- National Institute of Malariology Parasitology and Entomology, 35 Trung Van, phuong Trung Van, quan Nam Tu Liem, Hanoi, Vietnam
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26
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Boldt K, Van Reeuwijk J, Lu Q, Koutroumpas K, Horn N, Beersum SV, Texier Y, Nguyen TM, Willer JR, Katsanis N, Képès F, Russell RB, Ueffing M, Roepman R. Systematic exploration of the ciliary protein landscape by large-scale affinity proteomics. Cilia 2015. [PMCID: PMC4519120 DOI: 10.1186/2046-2530-4-s1-p89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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27
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Goff MG, Lambers FM, Nguyen TM, Sung J, Rimnac CM, Hernandez CJ. Fatigue-induced microdamage in cancellous bone occurs distant from resorption cavities and trabecular surfaces. Bone 2015; 79:8-14. [PMID: 26008609 PMCID: PMC4501884 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2015.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Revised: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Impaired bone toughness is increasingly recognized as a contributor to fragility fractures. At the tissue level, toughness is related to the ability of bone tissue to resist the development of microscopic cracks or other tissue damage. While most of our understanding of microdamage is derived from studies of cortical bone, the majority of fragility fractures occur in regions of the skeleton dominated by cancellous bone. The development of tissue microdamage in cancellous bone may differ from that in cortical bone due to differences in microstructure and tissue ultrastructure. To gain insight into how microdamage accumulates in cancellous bone we determined the changes in number, size and location of microdamage sites following different amounts of cyclic compressive loading. Human vertebral cancellous bone specimens (n=32, 10 male donors, 6 female donors, age 76 ± 8.8, mean ± SD) were subjected to sub-failure cyclic compressive loading and microdamage was evaluated in three-dimensions. Only a few large microdamage sites (the largest 10%) accounted for 70% of all microdamage caused by cyclic loading. The number of large microdamage sites was a better predictor of reductions in Young's modulus caused by cyclic loading than overall damage volume fraction (DV/BV). The majority of microdamage volume (69.12 ± 7.04%) was located more than 30 μm (the average erosion depth) from trabecular surfaces, suggesting that microdamage occurs primarily within interstitial regions of cancellous bone. Additionally, microdamage was less likely to be near resorption cavities than other bone surfaces (p<0.05), challenging the idea that stress risers caused by resorption cavities influence fatigue failure of cancellous bone. Together, these findings suggest that reductions in apparent level mechanical performance during fatigue loading are the result of only a few large microdamage sites and that microdamage accumulation in fatigue is likely dominated by heterogeneity in tissue material properties rather than stress concentrations caused by micro-scale geometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Goff
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA; Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - F M Lambers
- Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - T M Nguyen
- Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - J Sung
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - C M Rimnac
- Departments of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering and Orthopaedics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - C J Hernandez
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA; Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA; Hospital for Special Surgery, New York City, NY, USA.
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28
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Voloc A, Esterle L, Nguyen TM, Walrant-Debray O, Colofitchi A, Jehan F, Garabedian M. High prevalence of genu varum/valgum in European children with low vitamin D status and insufficient dairy products/calcium intakes. Eur J Endocrinol 2010; 163:811-7. [PMID: 20739417 DOI: 10.1530/eje-10-0434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The prevalence of lower limb deformities physiologically decreases after 5 years of age. It remains high in some tropical and subtropical regions where it has been associated with severe vitamin D deficiency, low calcium/milk intakes, malnutrition, and/or fluoride overexposure. Very little data is available in apparently healthy Caucasian children and adolescents. DESIGN We evaluated the prevalence of genu varum/valgum and other clinical symptoms, and assessed vitamin D status and markers of calcium metabolism in 226 apparently healthy European full-time boarders (7-16 years) seen during winter-spring and fed a cereal-based diet with little access to meat, milk, and dairy products. A cohort of 71 white children and adolescents hospitalized for acute illness served as age-matched controls. RESULTS Association studies showed a high prevalence of lower limb deformities (36%) and higher alkaline phosphate activities in the 21% of children and adolescent full-time boarders with serum 25-(OH)D levels ≤ 30 nmol/l, and low serum calcium in the 74% of boarders with 25-(OH)D levels ≤ 50 nmol/l, compared with boarders with higher vitamin D status. No such anomalies were found in the control cohort despite lower serum 25-(OH)D levels. CONCLUSIONS Low 25-(OH)D levels, at least during winter-spring, combined with additional risk factors such as very low calcium/milk intakes and possibly digestive disorders, are associated with an increased risk of genu varum/valgum in European children and adolescents. Thus, dietary fortification, or supplementation with vitamin D, may be recommended, at least during the winter, to European children and adolescents with either none or insufficient calcium/dairy product intakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Voloc
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy Nicolae Testemitanu, Chisinau, MD 2001 Moldova
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29
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Voloc A, Esterle L, Nguyen TM, Walrant-Debray O, Colofitchi A, Jehan F, Garabedian M. High prevalence of genu varum/valgum in European children with low vitamin D status and insufficient dairy products/calcium intakes. Eur J Endocrinol 2010. [PMID: 20739417 DOI: 101530/eje-10-0434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The prevalence of lower limb deformities physiologically decreases after 5 years of age. It remains high in some tropical and subtropical regions where it has been associated with severe vitamin D deficiency, low calcium/milk intakes, malnutrition, and/or fluoride overexposure. Very little data is available in apparently healthy Caucasian children and adolescents. DESIGN We evaluated the prevalence of genu varum/valgum and other clinical symptoms, and assessed vitamin D status and markers of calcium metabolism in 226 apparently healthy European full-time boarders (7-16 years) seen during winter-spring and fed a cereal-based diet with little access to meat, milk, and dairy products. A cohort of 71 white children and adolescents hospitalized for acute illness served as age-matched controls. RESULTS Association studies showed a high prevalence of lower limb deformities (36%) and higher alkaline phosphate activities in the 21% of children and adolescent full-time boarders with serum 25-(OH)D levels ≤ 30 nmol/l, and low serum calcium in the 74% of boarders with 25-(OH)D levels ≤ 50 nmol/l, compared with boarders with higher vitamin D status. No such anomalies were found in the control cohort despite lower serum 25-(OH)D levels. CONCLUSIONS Low 25-(OH)D levels, at least during winter-spring, combined with additional risk factors such as very low calcium/milk intakes and possibly digestive disorders, are associated with an increased risk of genu varum/valgum in European children and adolescents. Thus, dietary fortification, or supplementation with vitamin D, may be recommended, at least during the winter, to European children and adolescents with either none or insufficient calcium/dairy product intakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Voloc
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy Nicolae Testemitanu, Chisinau, MD 2001 Moldova
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30
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Alvarez-Buylla A, Kohwi M, Nguyen TM, Merkle FT. The heterogeneity of adult neural stem cells and the emerging complexity of their niche. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol 2008; 73:357-365. [PMID: 19022766 DOI: 10.1101/sqb.2008.73.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Neural stem cells persist in the adult mammalian brain in a neurogenic niche known as the subventricular zone (SVZ). SVZ neural stem cells (NSCs) can self-renew and are multipotent in culture. In rodents, adult NSCs correspond to SVZ astrocytes (type B cells) that are derived from radial glia, the NSCs of the embryonic and early postnatal brain. Type B cells generate transit-amplifying (type C) cells that give rise to young neurons (type A cells) and oligodendrocytes. Young neurons are born throughout the adult neurogenic niche and migrate tangentially through a complex network of chains that merge into the rostral migratory stream (RMS), a major pathway that leads into the olfactory bulb (OB). Within the OB, young neurons differentiate into multiple types of interneurons. The SVZ was thought to be limited to the lateral wall of the lateral ventricle, but recent work shows that the adult neurogenic niche is significantly more extensive and includes portions of the medial and dorsal walls of the lateral ventricle and the RMS itself. Furthermore, several recent studies explain why young OB neurons are generated in such an extensive region. Type B cells in different regions of the SVZ, although able to self-renew and generate both neurons and glial cells in vitro, are heterogeneous and committed to producing defined neuronal subtypes in vivo. The adult SVZ therefore provides a rich system to study not only neural replacement, but also the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying regionalization and cell-fate specification.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Alvarez-Buylla
- Department of Neurological Surgery and Institute for Regeneration Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143, USA
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31
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Gregory A, Westaway SK, Holm IE, Kotzbauer PT, Hogarth P, Sonek S, Coryell JC, Nguyen TM, Nardocci N, Zorzi G, Rodriguez D, Desguerre I, Bertini E, Simonati A, Levinson B, Dias C, Barbot C, Carrilho I, Santos M, Malik I, Gitschier J, Hayflick SJ. Neurodegeneration associated with genetic defects in phospholipase A(2). Neurology 2008; 71:1402-9. [PMID: 18799783 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000327094.67726.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mutations in the gene encoding phospholipase A(2) group VI (PLA2G6) are associated with two childhood neurologic disorders: infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy (INAD) and idiopathic neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA). INAD is a severe progressive psychomotor disorder in which axonal spheroids are found in brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves. High globus pallidus iron is an inconsistent feature of INAD; however, it is a diagnostic criterion of NBIA, which describes a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of disorders that share this hallmark feature. We sought to delineate the clinical, radiographic, pathologic, and genetic features of disease resulting from defective phospholipase A(2). METHODS We identified 56 patients clinically diagnosed with INAD and 23 with idiopathic NBIA and screened their DNA for PLA2G6 mutations. RESULTS Eighty percent of patients with INAD had mutations in PLA2G6, whereas mutations were found in only 20% of those with idiopathic NBIA. All patients with two null mutations had a more severe phenotype. On MRI, nearly all mutation-positive patients had cerebellar atrophy, and half showed brain iron accumulation. We observed Lewy bodies and neurofibrillary tangles in association with PLA2G6 mutations. CONCLUSION Defects in phospholipase A(2) lead to a range of phenotypes. PLA2G6 mutations are associated with nearly all cases of classic infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy but a minority of cases of idiopathic neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation, and genotype correlates with phenotype. Cerebellar atrophy predicts which patients are likely to be mutation-positive. The neuropathologic changes that are caused by defective phospholipase A(2) suggest a shared pathogenesis with both Parkinson and Alzheimer diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gregory
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, L103a, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd., Portland, OR 97239-3098, USA
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Sedgwick SG, Morgan BA, Nguyen TM, Morris GE. An improved method for mapping epitopes of recombinant antigens by transposon mutagenesis. Methods Mol Biol 2003; 66:343-53. [PMID: 8959726 DOI: 10.1385/0-89603-375-9:343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S G Sedgwick
- Yeast Genetics Division, National Institute for Medical Research, London, UK
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33
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Affiliation(s)
- T M Nguyen
- Research Division, North East Wales Institute, Wrexham, UK
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34
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Nguyen TM, Adiceam P, Kottler ML, Guillozo H, Rizk-Rabin M, Brouillard F, Lagier P, Palix C, Garnier JM, Garabedian M. Tryptophan missense mutation in the ligand-binding domain of the vitamin D receptor causes severe resistance to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D. J Bone Miner Res 2002; 17:1728-37. [PMID: 12211444 DOI: 10.1359/jbmr.2002.17.9.1728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In this study, two related young children, brother and sister, exhibited severe vitamin D-resistant rickets without alopecia. Sequence analysis of the total vitamin D receptor (VDR) cDNA from skin fibroblasts revealed a substitution of the unique tryptophan of the VDR by arginine at amino acid 286 (W286R). Cultured skin fibroblasts of the two patients expressed normal-size VDR protein (immunocytochemistry and Western blotting) and normal length VDR mRNA (Northern blotting). But, these fibroblasts, as well as COS-7 cells transfected with the W286R mutant, failed to bind 3H 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3]. The tryptophan substitution did not affect VDR trafficking toward the nucleus but abolished the 24-hydroxylase gene response to 1,25(OH)2D3, even at 10(-6) M concentrations. In conclusion, this case report of a new family with hereditary vitamin D-resistant rickets (HVDRR) emphasizes the crucial role of the VDR tryptophan for ligand binding and for transactivation of 1,25(OH)2D3 target genes. It clearly shows the clinical significance of this VDR amino acid for calcium homeostasis and bone mineralization. This observation suggests further that the presence of a stable VDR-bound ligand may not be obligatory for normal hair follicle development.
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MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Base Sequence
- Binding Sites/genetics
- COS Cells
- Calcitriol/pharmacology
- Cells, Cultured
- Child, Preschool
- Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System/genetics
- DNA, Complementary/genetics
- Female
- Hair Follicle/growth & development
- Humans
- Hypophosphatemia, Familial/genetics
- Infant
- Ligands
- Male
- Mutation, Missense
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Receptors, Calcitriol/drug effects
- Receptors, Calcitriol/genetics
- Receptors, Calcitriol/metabolism
- Recombinant Proteins/genetics
- Recombinant Proteins/metabolism
- Steroid Hydroxylases/genetics
- Transfection
- Tryptophan/genetics
- Vitamin D3 24-Hydroxylase
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Affiliation(s)
- T M Nguyen
- CNRS-UPR 1524, Hĵpital St. Vincent de Paul, Paris, France
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35
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Abstract
[reaction: see text] A novel reaction between 1,3-dienes and selenium dioxide to give syn 1,2- and 1,4-diol cyclic selenites was studied in detail. This study indicates that an initial concerted [4 + 2] cycloaddition followed by a stereospecific carbon-selenium bond oxidation is involved in this unprecedented syn dihydroxy addition reaction mediated by selenium dioxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- T M Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
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36
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Lu Y, Nguyen TM, Weltrowska G, Berezowska I, Lemieux C, Chung NN, Schiller PW. [2',6'-Dimethyltyrosine]dynorphin A(1-11)-NH2 analogues lacking an N-terminal amino group: potent and selective kappa opioid antagonists. J Med Chem 2001; 44:3048-53. [PMID: 11543672 DOI: 10.1021/jm0101186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies showed that dermorphin and enkephalin analogues containing two methyl groups at the 2',6'-positions of the Tyr(1) aromatic ring and lacking an N-terminal amino group were moderately potent delta and mu opioid antagonists. These results indicate that a positively charged N-terminal amino group may be essential for signal transduction but not for receptor binding and suggested that its deletion in agonist opioid peptides containing an N-terminal 2',6'-dimethyltyrosine (Dmt) residue may represent a general way to convert them into antagonists. In an attempt to develop dynorphin A (Dyn A)-derived kappa opioid antagonists, we prepared analogues of [Dmt(1)]Dyn A(1-11)-NH2 (1), in which the N-terminal amino group was either omitted or replaced with a methyl group. This was achieved by replacement of Tyr(1) with 3-(2,6-dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid (Dhp) or (2S)-2-methyl-3-(2,6-dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid [(2S)-Mdp]. Compounds were tested in the guinea pig ileum and mouse vas deferens bioassays and in rat and guinea pig brain membrane receptor binding assays. All analogues turned out to be potent kappa antagonists against Dyn A(1-13) and the non-peptide agonist U50,488 and showed only weak mu and delta antagonist activity. The most potent and most selective kappa antagonist of the series was [(2S)-Mdp(1)]Dyn A(1-11)-NH2 (5, dynantin), which showed subnanomolar kappa antagonist potency against Dyn A(1-13) and very high kappa selectivity both in terms of its K(e) values determined against kappa, mu, and delta agonists and in terms of its ratios of kappa, mu, and delta receptor binding affinity constants. Dynantin is the first potent and selective Dyn A-derived kappa antagonist known and may complement the non-peptide kappa antagonists norbinaltorphimine and GNTI as a pharmacological tool in opioid research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Lu
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Peptide Research, Clinical Research Institute of Montreal, 110 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, Quebec, H2W 1R7, Canada
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Neilan CL, Nguyen TM, Schiller PW, Pasternak GW. Pharmacological characterization of the dermorphin analog [Dmt(1)]DALDA, a highly potent and selective mu-opioid peptide. Eur J Pharmacol 2001; 419:15-23. [PMID: 11348625 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-2999(01)00946-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The dermorphin-derived peptide [Dmt(1)]DALDA (H-Dmt-D-Arg-Phe-Lys-NH(2)), labels mu-opioid receptors with high affinity and selectivity in receptor binding assays. In mouse, radiant heat tail-flick assay [Dmt(1)]DALDA produced profound spinal and supraspinal analgesia, being approximately 5000- and 100-fold more potent than morphine on a molar basis, respectively. When administered systemically, [Dmt(1)]DALDA was over 200-fold more potent than morphine. Pharmacologically, [Dmt(1)]DALDA was distinct from morphine. [Dmt(1)]DALDA displayed no cross-tolerance to morphine in the model used and it retained supraspinal analgesic activity in morphine-insensitive CXBK mice. Supraspinally, it also differed from morphine in its lack of sensitivity towards naloxonazine. Finally, in antisense mapping studies, [Dmt(1)]DALDA was insensitive to MOR-1 exon probes that reduced morphine analgesia, implying a distinct receptor mechanism of action. Thus, [Dmt(1)]DALDA is an interesting and extraordinarily potent, systemically active peptide analgesic, raising the possibility of novel approaches in the design of clinically useful drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- C L Neilan
- Department of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021, USA
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38
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Heitz A, Hernandez JF, Gagnon J, Hong TT, Pham TT, Nguyen TM, Le-Nguyen D, Chiche L. Solution structure of the squash trypsin inhibitor MCoTI-II. A new family for cyclic knottins. Biochemistry 2001; 40:7973-83. [PMID: 11434766 DOI: 10.1021/bi0106639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The "knottin" fold is a stable cysteine-rich scaffold, in which one disulfide crosses the macrocycle made by two other disulfides and the connecting backbone segments. This scaffold is found in several protein families with no evolutionary relationships. In the past few years, several homologous peptides from the Rubiaceae and Violaceae families were shown to define a new structural family based on macrocyclic knottin fold. We recently isolated from Momordica cochinchinensis seeds the first known macrocyclic squash trypsin inhibitors. These compounds are the first members of a new family of cyclic knottins. In this paper, we present NMR structural studies of one of them, MCoTI-II, and of a beta-Asp rearranged form, MCoTI-IIb. Both compounds display similar and well-defined conformations. These cyclic squash inhibitors share a similar conformation with noncyclic squash inhibitors such as CPTI-II, and it is postulated that the main effect of the cyclization is a reduced sensitivity to exo-proteases. On the contrary, clear differences were detected with the three-dimensional structures of other known cyclic knottins, i.e., kalata B1 or circulin A. The two-disulfide cystine-stabilized beta-sheet motif [Heitz et al. (1999) Biochemistry 38, 10615-10625] is conserved in the two families, whereas in the C-to-N linker, one disulfide bridge and one loop are differently located. The molecular surface of MCoTI-II is almost entirely charged in contrast to circulin A that displays a well-marked amphiphilic character. These differences might explain why the isolated macrocyclic squash inhibitors from M. cochinchinensis display no significant antibacterial activity, whereas circulins and kalata B1 do.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Heitz
- Centre de Biochimie Structurale, UMR5048 CNRS-Université Montpellier I, UMR554 INSERM-Université Montpellier I, Faculté de pharmacie, 15 avenue Charles Flahault, 34060 Montpellier, France
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39
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Myles TD, Nguyen TM. Relationship between normal amniotic fluid index and birth weight in term patients presenting for labor. J Reprod Med 2001; 46:685-90. [PMID: 11499190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether a relationship between birth weight (BW) and amniotic fluid index (AFI) existed for term patients with intact membranes and, if so, whether it could predict macrosomia and intrauterine growth retardation. STUDY DESIGN Two hundred thirty-one eligible women at term (37-42 weeks' gestation) had an AFI between 5.0 and 24.0 cm at the time of admission. Demographic information was collected, including BW. Statistical comparisons were made, with significance set at P < .05. RESULTS The mean gestational age was 39.5 weeks, and the mean AFI was 11.3. There were 28 infants with BWs > 4,000 g (macrosomia). The cesarean section rate was 16.9%. Macrosomia was associated with a higher cesarean section rate (39.2% vs. 13.8%, P < .002). The mean AFI was higher for those with macrosomia (13.5 vs. 11.0, P < .001). Patients with an AFI > 15.0 had over twice the incidence of macrosomia (RR 2.72, 1.1-6.6, 32.1% vs. 14.8%, P < .027). The risk was even greater for them with an AFI > 18.0 (RR 6.4, 2.2-18.7, P < .002). A linear relationship was observed between AFI and BW (r2 .061, P < .0001). BW increased with increasing AFI. No relationship between AFI of 5-8 and BW < 2,500 g was found. CONCLUSION Increasing AFI correlates linearly with increasing BW, and macrosomia is associated with an increased incidence of cesarean delivery. AFI > 15 carries over double the risk of birth of a macrosomic infant, while AFI > 18 has a risk of over six times. No association between low normal AFI and a growth-restricted infant was found.
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Affiliation(s)
- T D Myles
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA.
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40
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Chammas MF, Nguyen TM, Vasavada RA, Nuwayhid BS, Castro LC. Sequential use of Prepidil and extra-amniotic saline infusion for the induction of labor in nulliparous women with very low Bishop scores. J Matern Fetal Med 2001; 10:193-6. [PMID: 11444789 DOI: 10.1080/714904325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy of sequential use of Prepidil (prostaglandin E2 gel) and extra-amniotic saline infusion for the induction of labor in nulliparous women with very low Bishop scores. STUDY DESIGN Nulliparous women with singleton gestations, intact membranes and a cervical Bishop score of < or = 2 who received Prepidil gel and extra-amniotic saline infusion sequentially for the induction of labor between July 1996 and July 1998 were studied. RESULTS Thirty-one women met the inclusion criteria. Indications for induction included post-dates (six of 31), pre-eclampsia (ten of 31), diabetes (three of 31), oligohydramnios (three of 31), intrauterine growth restriction (two of 31) and non-reactive non-stress test (NST) (seven of 31). The average time from onset of induction to delivery was 38.1 +/- 13.5 h. Vaginal delivery was achieved in 80.6%. Women requiring > 2 doses of Prepidil had a higher risk of delivering abdominally (OR = 3.5). Three of seven (42.9%) women with labor induced for non-reactive NST but only three of 24 (12.5%) with labor induced for other indications had a Cesarean section delivery (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Nulliparous women with very unfavorable cervices can be counselled that they have an 80% chance of vaginal delivery using sequential Prepidil and extra-amniotic saline infusion as an induction method, with 90% delivering within the first 48 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F Chammas
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, 60612, USA
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41
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Young PJ, Le TT, Dunckley M, Nguyen TM, Burghes AH, Morris GE. Nuclear gems and Cajal (coiled) bodies in fetal tissues: nucleolar distribution of the spinal muscular atrophy protein, SMN. Exp Cell Res 2001; 265:252-61. [PMID: 11302690 DOI: 10.1006/excr.2001.5186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
SMN, the affected protein in spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), is a cytoplasmic protein that also occurs in nuclear structures called "gems" and is involved in snRNP maturation. Coilin-p80 is a marker protein for nuclear Cajal bodies (coiled bodies; CBs) which are also involved in snRNP maturation, storage or transport. We now show that gems and CBs are present in all fetal tissues, even those that lack gems/CBs in the adult. Most gems and CBs occur as separate nuclear structures in fetal tissues, but their colocalization increases with fetal age and is almost complete in the adult. In adult tissues, up to half of all gems/CBs are inside the nucleolus, whereas in cultured cells they are almost exclusively nucleoplasmic. The nucleolar SMN is often more diffusely distributed, compared with nucleoplasmic gems. Up to 30% of cells in fetal tissues have SMN distributed throughout the nucleolus, instead of forming gems in the nucleoplasm. The results suggest a function for gems distinct from Cajal bodies in fetal nuclei and a nucleolar function for SMN. Spinal cord, the affected tissue in SMA, behaves differently in several respects. In both fetal and adult motor neurons, many gems/CBs occur as larger bodies closely associated with the nucleolar perimeter. Uniquely in motor neurons, gems/CBs are more numerous in adult than in fetal stages and colocalization of gems and CBs occurs earlier in development. These unusual features of motor neurons may relate to their special sensitivity to reduced SMN levels in SMA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- P J Young
- MRIC Biochemistry Group, North East Wales Institute, Mold Road, Wrexham LL11 2AW, United Kingdom
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Lieu C, Nguyen TM, Payant L. In vitro comparison of peak polymerization temperatures of 5 provisional restoration resins. J Can Dent Assoc 2001; 67:36-9. [PMID: 11209503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The heat produced by provisional restoration materials may injure the dental pulp. This study measured and compared peak temperatures during polymerization of 5 materials used in the fabrication of provisional restorations. METHODS The tested materials were 2 self-curing resins (Integrity and Protemp) and 3 dual-cure resins (Iso-Temp, TCB Dual Cure and Provipont DC). A mould the size of a maxillary molar tooth was fabricated to contain 0.5 cc of resin. The temperature rise of the different materials was recorded every 10 seconds over a 10-minute period. RESULTS The rise in temperature of Integrity (peak temperature of 33.8 degrees C) and Protemp Garant (35.6 degrees C) was significantly higher than the rise in temperature of Iso-Temp (29.5 degrees C), TCB Dual Cure (28.4 degrees C) and Provipont DC (29.5 degrees C). CONCLUSION Use of the dual-cure resins in provisional restorations may reduce the risk of pulp injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Lieu
- Faculty of Dentistry, Laval University
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43
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Abstract
The tetrapeptide DALDA (H-Tyr-D-Arg-Phe-Lys-NH2) is a polar and selective mu agonist showing poor penetration of the placental and blood-brain barriers. In an effort to enhance the potency of DALDA, analogues containing 2',6'-dimethyltyrosine (Dmt), N,2',6'-trimethyltyrosine (Tmt), 2'-methyltyrosine (Mmt) or 2'-hydroxy,6'-methyltyrosine (Hmt) in place of Tyr1, or Orn or alpha,gamma-diaminobutyric acid (A2bu) in place of Lys4, were synthesized. All compounds displayed high mu receptor selectivity in the rat and guinea pig brain membrane binding assays and most of them were more potent mu agonists than DALDA in the mu receptor-representative guinea pig ileum assay, with [Dmt1]DALDA showing the highest potency. Because of its extraordinary mu agonist potency, high mu selectivity, polar character (charge of 3 + ) and metabolic stability, [Dmt1]DALDA has potential for use in obstetrical or peripheral analgesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- P W Schiller
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Peptide Research, Clinical Research Institute of Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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Chammas MF, Nguyen TM, Li MA, Nuwayhid BS, Castro LC. Expectant management of severe preterm preeclampsia: is intrauterine growth restriction an indication for immediate delivery? Am J Obstet Gynecol 2000; 183:853-8. [PMID: 11035325 DOI: 10.1067/mob.2000.109049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Expectant management of severe preterm preeclampsia is gaining widespread acceptance in clinical practice. The objective of our study was 2-fold-to determine the frequency of fetal deterioration with expectant management of severe preterm preeclampsia and to evaluate whether the presence of intrauterine growth restriction on admission is associated with a shorter admission-to-delivery interval or more deliveries resulting from nonreassuring fetal status in comparison with pregnancies with preeclampsia but without intrauterine growth restriction. STUDY DESIGN This was an observational study of women with singleton pregnancies at <34 completed weeks' gestation who were admitted to the hospital with the diagnosis of severe preeclampsia and managed expectantly. Fetal status on admission, admission-to-delivery interval, indication for delivery, and neonatal outcome were examined. RESULTS Forty-seven women were studied during a 3-year period (1996-1999). Gestational age at admission was 29.8 +/- 2.6 weeks. The mean admission-to-delivery interval for the entire group was 6.0 +/- 5.1 days; in 42.5% delivery was for fetal indications. In comparison with the absence of intrauterine growth restriction, the presence of intrauterine growth restriction at admission resulted in a significantly shorter admission-to-delivery interval (3.1 +/- 2.1 vs 6.6 +/- 6.1 days; P <.05). Most fetuses with intrauterine growth restriction (85.7%) were delivered before 1 week. Although 57% of fetuses with intrauterine growth restriction were delivered for fetal indications, versus 39% of fetuses without intrauterine growth restriction, these rates were not found to be significantly different. Neonatal outcomes, as reflected by Apgar scores, number of admissions to and duration of stay in the neonatal intensive care unit, and neonatal mortality rates, were similar. CONCLUSION Pregnancies complicated by severe preterm preeclampsia and the presence of intrauterine growth restriction at admission may not benefit from expectant management beyond the 48 hours needed for betamethasone to act. Furthermore, all patients may benefit from close fetal monitoring before delivery because of the high rate of intervention for deteriorating fetal status.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F Chammas
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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Abstract
PURPOSE To describe a digital overlay technique for documenting toric intraocular lens (IOL) axis alignment. SETTING Jules Stein Eye Institute and the Department of Ophthalmology, University of California at Los Angeles School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA. METHODS Digital overlay imaging was used to evaluate the alignment of Staar toric IOLs in 4 eyes of 3 patients who had regular corneal astigmatism at the time of cataract surgery. Lens axes were determined by computerized analysis of digitally scanned retroillumination photographs. A stock digital image of a Staar AA4203TF toric IOL was superimposed on corneal topography images to document IOL alignment with the steep corneal meridian. RESULTS Digital overlay images demonstrated that 3 IOLs in the sample group were within 5 degrees and 1 was within 20 degrees of the intended axis at the time of the final postoperative examination. Slitlamp lens axis estimations were 3 to 18 degrees different from that determined by this technique. CONCLUSION Digital overlay imaging of correctly oriented toric IOLs on computerized corneal topography maps represents an intuitive, accurate, and visually appealing method of documenting toric IOL axis alignment.
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Affiliation(s)
- T M Nguyen
- Jules Stein Eye Institute and the Department of Ophthalmology, University of California at Los Angeles School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Lam LT, Pham YC, Nguyen TM, Morris GE. Characterization of a monoclonal antibody panel shows that the myotonic dystrophy protein kinase, DMPK, is expressed almost exclusively in muscle and heart. Hum Mol Genet 2000; 9:2167-73. [PMID: 10958655 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/9.14.2167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Myotonic dystrophy (DM) is a multisystemic disorder caused by an inherited CTG repeat expansion which affects three genes encoding the DM protein kinase (DMPK), a homeobox protein Six5 and a protein containing WD repeats. Using a panel of 16 monoclonal antibodies against several different DMPK epitopes we detected DMPK, as a single protein of approximately 80 kDa, only in skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle and, to a lesser extent, smooth muscle. Many earlier reports of DMPK with different sizes and tissue distributions appear to be due to antibody cross-reactions with more abundant proteins. One such antibody, MANDM1, was used to isolate two related protein kinases, MRCK alpha and beta, from a human brain cDNA library and the shared epitope was located at the catalytic site of DMPK using a phage-displayed random peptide library. The peptide library also identified an epitope shared between DMPK and a 55 kDa muscle-specific protein. The results suggest that effects of the repeat expansion on the DMPK gene may be responsible for muscle and heart features of DM, whereas clinical changes in other tissues may be due to effects on the other two genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- L T Lam
- MRIC Biochemistry Group, PP18, North East Wales Institute, Mold Road, Wrexham LL11 2AW, UK
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47
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Schiller PW, Weltrowska G, Berezowska I, Nguyen TM, Wilkes BC, Lemieux C, Chung NN. The TIPP opioid peptide family: development of delta antagonists, delta agonists, and mixed mu agonist/delta antagonists. Biopolymers 2000; 51:411-25. [PMID: 10797230 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0282(1999)51:6<411::aid-bip4>3.0.co;2-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of the prototype delta opioid antagonists TIPP (H-Tyr-Tic-Phe-Phe-OH) and TIP (H-Tyr-Tic-Phe-OH) in 1992 was followed by extensive structure-activity relationship studies, leading to the development of analogues that are of interest as pharmacological tools or as potential therapeutic agents. Stable TIPP-derived delta opioid antagonists with subnanomolar delta receptor binding affinity and extraordinary delta receptor selectivity include TIPP[Psi] (H-Tyr-TicPsi[CH(2)NH]Phe-Phe-OH] and TICP[Psi] (H-Tyr-TicPsi[CH(2)NH]Cha-Phe-OH); Cha: cyclohexylalanine), which are widely used in opioid research. Theoretical conformational analyses in conjunction with the pharmacological characterization of conformationally constrained TIPP analogues led to a definitive model of the receptor-bound conformation of H-Tyr-Tic-(Phe-Phe)-OH-related delta opioid antagonists, which is characterized by all-trans peptide bonds. Further structure-activity studies revealed that the delta antagonist vs delta agonist behavior of TIP(P)-derived compounds depended on very subtle structural differences in diverse locations of the molecule and suggested a delta receptor model involving a number of different inactive receptor conformations. A further outcome of these studies was the identification of a new class of potent and very selective dipeptide delta agonists of the general formula H-Tyr-Tic-NH-X (X = arylalkyl), which are of interest for drug development because of their low molecular weight and lipophilic character. Most interestingly, TIPP analogues containing a C-terminal carboxamide group displayed a mixed mu agonist/delta antagonist profile, and thus were expected to be analgesics with a low propensity to produce tolerance and physical dependence. This turned out to be the case with the TIPP-derived mu agonist/delta antagonist DIPP-NH(2)[Psi] (H-Dmt-TicPsi[CH(2)NH]Phe-Phe-NH(2)); Dmt: 2',6'- dimethyltyrosine).
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Affiliation(s)
- P W Schiller
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Peptide Research, Clinical Research Institute of Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Desiderio DM, Wirth U, Lovelace JL, Fridland G, Umstot ES, Nguyen TM, Schiller PW, Szeto HS, Clapp JF. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometric quantification of the mu opioid receptor agonist DAMGO in ovine plasma. J Mass Spectrom 2000; 35:725-733. [PMID: 10862125 DOI: 10.1002/1096-9888(200006)35:6<725::aid-jms1>3.0.co;2-i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The synthetic opioid peptide analog Tyr-D-Ala-Gly-N-methyl-Phe-Gly-ol (DAMGO), which is a mu opioid receptor-selective agonist, was quantified in ovine plasma samples with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOFMS), using delayed extraction and a reflectron. The internal standard was pentadeuterated DAMGO. Timed-ion selection was used to select the precursor ion. The analysis of the post-source decay fragments improved the detection sensitivity, and the use of the precursor-product ion relationship optimized the specificity. For plasma samples, the inter-assay variability of this method was 6.4% (n = 79) and the intra-assay variability was 6.0% (n = 10). The variability for controls was 3.4% (n = 43). The profile of DAMGO amount versus time was determined in sheep plasma, and the corresponding pharmacokinetic data were calculated.
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MESH Headings
- Analysis of Variance
- Animals
- Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-/administration & dosage
- Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-/blood
- Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-/pharmacokinetics
- Female
- Infusions, Intravenous
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/agonists
- Reference Standards
- Reproducibility of Results
- Sensitivity and Specificity
- Sheep
- Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization/methods
- Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization/standards
- Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization/statistics & numerical data
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Affiliation(s)
- D M Desiderio
- Charles B. Stout Neuroscience Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Departments of Neurology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee, Memphis, 847 Monroe Avenue, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, USA.
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Hernandez JF, Gagnon J, Chiche L, Nguyen TM, Andrieu JP, Heitz A, Trinh Hong T, Pham TT, Le Nguyen D. Squash trypsin inhibitors from Momordica cochinchinensis exhibit an atypical macrocyclic structure. Biochemistry 2000; 39:5722-30. [PMID: 10801322 DOI: 10.1021/bi9929756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 280] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Three trypsin inhibitors (TIs), from the seeds of the squash Momordica cochinchinensis (MCo), have been isolated and purified using gel filtration, ion exchange chromatography, and reverse-phase HPLC. Their sequences could be determined only after proteolytic cleavages. In the case of MCoTI-I and -II, it was shown that their polypeptide backbones are cyclic, a structure that has never been described in squash TIs. They contain 34 amino acid residues with 3 disulfide bridges and measured molecular masses of 3453.0 and 3480.7, respectively. They are the largest known macrocyclic peptides containing disulfide bridges. Their sequences show strong homology to other squash TIs, suggesting a similar three-dimensional structure and an analogous mechanism of action. A model of MCoTI-II was constructed by analogy to the crystal structure of the complex between bovine trypsin and CMTI-I, indicating that the linker connecting the two termini is flexible and does not impose significant geometrical constraints. This flexibility allows an Asp-Gly peptide bond rearrangement to occur in this region, giving rise to two isoforms of MCoTI-II. Although the importance of cyclization is not clear, it might confer increased stability and resistance to proteolysis. A minor species, MCoTI-III, was also characterized as containing 30 amino acid residues with a molecular mass of 3379.6. This component possesses a linear backbone with a blocked N-terminus. MCoTIs represent interesting candidates for drug design, either by changing their specificity of inhibition or by using their structure as natural scaffolds bearing new binding activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- J F Hernandez
- Institut de Biologie Structurale Jean-Pierre Ebel (CEA-CNRS), 41, rue Jules Horowitz, 38027 Grenoble Cedex 1, France
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Abstract
This paper focuses on the spectrum of sphenoid sinus lesions that may be seen radiologically and the mapping of disease extent. Imaging plays a central role in the assessment of sphenoid sinus disease. Although primary sphenoid sinus disease is uncommon, this sinus is nevertheless affected secondarily by a variety of pathological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- V F Chong
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Singapore General Hospital, Republic of Singapore.
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