1
|
Chuang CK, Chen SF, Su YH, Chen WH, Lin WM, Wang IC, Shyue SK. The Role of SCL Isoforms in Embryonic Hematopoiesis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076427. [PMID: 37047400 PMCID: PMC10094407 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Three waves of hematopoiesis occur in the mouse embryo. The primitive hematopoiesis appears as blood islands in the extra embryonic yolk sac at E7.5. The extra embryonic pro-definitive hematopoiesis launches in late E8 and the embryonic definitive one turns on at E10.5 indicated by the emergence of hemogenic endothelial cells on the inner wall of the extra embryonic arteries and the embryonic aorta. To study the roles of SCL protein isoforms in murine hematopoiesis, the SCL-large (SCL-L) isoform was selectively destroyed with the remaining SCL-small (SCL-S) isoform intact. It was demonstrated that SCL-S was specifically expressed in the hemogenic endothelial cells (HECs) and SCL-L was only detected in the dispersed cells after budding from HECs. The SCLΔ/Δ homozygous mutant embryos only survived to E10.5 with normal extra embryonic vessels and red blood cells. In wild-type mouse embryos, a layer of neatly aligned CD34+ and CD43+ cells appeared on the endothelial wall of the aorta of the E10.5 fetus. However, the cells at the same site expressed CD31 rather than CD34 and/or CD43 in the E10.5 SCLΔ/Δ embryo, indicating that only the endothelial lineage was developed. These results reveal that the SCL-S is sufficient to sustain the primitive hematopoiesis and SCL-L is necessary to launch the definitive hematopoiesis.
Collapse
|
2
|
Chen H, Lin WM, Liu WR, He W. Tapped-inductor bi-directional Cuk converter with high step-up/down conversion ratio and its optimum design. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13745. [PMID: 35962029 PMCID: PMC9374707 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17801-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A bidirectional DC–DC converter is required for an energy storage system. High efficiency and a high step-up and step-down conversion ratio are the development trends. In this research, a series of bidirectional high-gain Cuk circuits was derived by combining tapped inductors and bidirectional Cuk. After analyzing and comparing the characteristics of each circuit, a bidirectional high-gain Cuk circuit with a tapped-inductor (reverse coupling) was proposed. The proposed converter has a simple structure and a high voltage gain in both the step-down (Buck) and step-up (Boost) operation modes. The voltage stress of S2 was low. The voltage stress of S1 was high, however, and this is a disadvantage of the proposed converter. The proposed circuit’s characteristics were thoroughly examined, including the voltage gain characteristics and the design of the main parameters. We established a power loss model of the new topology, and the tapped-inductor turn ratio was optimized for high efficiency. Finally, a 400 W experimental implementation of the converter was shown to achieve efficiencies of 93.5% and 92.4% in the step-up and step-down modes, respectively. These findings verified the validity of the proposed circuit’s theoretical analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongxing Chen
- Fujian Engineering Research Center of Safety Control for Ship Intelligent Navigation, College of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
| | - Wei-Ming Lin
- Fujian Key Laboratory of New Energy Generation and Power Conversion, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China.
| | - Wen-Ran Liu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of New Energy Generation and Power Conversion, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Wei He
- Fujian Engineering Research Center of Safety Control for Ship Intelligent Navigation, College of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Abstract
Theoretically, a DNA sequence-specific recognition protein that can distinguish a DNA sequence equal to or more than 16 bp could be unique to mammalian genomes. Long-sequence-specific nucleases, such as naturally occurring Homing Endonucleases and artificially engineered ZFN, TALEN, and Cas9-sgRNA, have been developed and widely applied in genome editing. In contrast to other counterparts, which recognize DNA target sites by the protein moieties themselves, Cas9 uses a single-guide RNA (sgRNA) as a template for DNA target recognition. Due to the simplicity in designing and synthesizing a sgRNA for a target site, Cas9-sgRNA has become the most current tool for genome editing. Moreover, the RNA-guided DNA recognition activity of Cas9-sgRNA is independent of both of the nuclease activities of it on the complementary strand by the HNH domain and the non-complementary strand by the RuvC domain, and HNH nuclease activity null mutant (H840A) and RuvC nuclease activity null mutant (D10A) were identified. In accompaniment with the sgRNA, Cas9, Cas9(D10A), Cas9(H840A), and Cas9(D10A, H840A) can be used to achieve double strand breakage, complementary strand breakage, non-complementary strand breakage, and no breakage on-target site, respectively. Based on such unique characteristics, many engineered enzyme activities, such as DNA methylation, histone methylation, histone acetylation, cytidine deamination, adenine deamination, and primer-directed mutation, could be introduced within or around the target site. In order to prevent off-targeting by the lasting expression of Cas9 derivatives, a lot of transient expression methods, including the direct delivery of Cas9-sgRNA riboprotein, were developed. The issue of biosafety is indispensable in in vivo applications; Cas9-sgRNA packaged into virus-like particles or extracellular vesicles have been designed and some in vivo therapeutic trials have been reported.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Kai Chuang
- Animal Technology Research Center, Division of Animal Technology, Agricultural Technology Research Institute, No. 52, Kedong 2nd Rd., Zhunan Township, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan;
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chen WC, Ho YH, Lin SS, Zhang L, Chiang IT, Lin WM. Sensitivity of Pre-Contrast Multiphase versus Conventional Liver MRI in Diagnosing Hepatic Hemangioma. j med imaging hlth inform 2020. [DOI: 10.1166/jmihi.2020.3207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Hepatic hemangioma (HH) can be diagnosed noninvasively via dynamic contrast enhancement computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or ultrasonography. Diagnosis HH is based on imaging features such as early arterial phase enhancement and persistence enhancement on portal
or delayed phase. However, differentiating small or atypical hemangiomas from other hepatic masses using these imaging methods maybe be difficult, especially in patients with a medical history of malignant disease. Another challenge in clinical practice is when patients with acute or chronic
renal insufficiency, use MRI contrast agent gadolinium (Gd) with the risk of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis. Differentiating hemangioma from its mimickers on preoperative imaging studies is of critical importance. Our study compared the diagnostic sensitivity of pre-contrast multiphase and
conventional liver MRI. Total 80 patients with HH were participate to our study retrospectively. Imaging was performed using pre-contrast multiphase and conventional liver MRI methods. The size of the nodule/mass to be evaluated was ≥1 cm. All patients MRI images were obtained and classified
into two groups based on the acquisition parameters. The first group with pre-contrast multiphase MRI sequences, and the second group of conventional liver MRI methods included pre-contrast multiphase MRI sequences, contrast-enhanced tri-phase sequences. The study was reviewed and analyzed
by two independence gastrointestinal radiologists, who were blinded to the examination and follow-up study results. The diagnostic sensitivity was compared between pre-contrast multiphase MRI sequences only and conventional liver MRI sequences methods. Based on the observation of two gastrointestinal
radiologists, our results showed mean sensitivity of 90.0% and 97.5% for pre-contrast multiphase MRI and conventional liver MRI, respectively. Pre-contrast multiphase MRI sequence methods may be reliably applied in the diagnosis of HH.
Collapse
|
5
|
Wei Y, Zhao Q, Gao Z, Lao XM, Lin WM, Chen DP, Mu M, Huang CX, Liu ZY, Li B, Zheng L, Kuang DM. The local immune landscape determines tumor PD-L1 heterogeneity and sensitivity to therapy. J Clin Invest 2019; 129:3347-3360. [PMID: 31112529 DOI: 10.1172/jci127726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
PD-L1 is a promising therapeutic target in aggressive cancers. However, immune landscapes and cancer hallmarks of human PD-L1+ tumors, as well as their roles in determining therapeutic efficacies are unknown. Here we identified, in detailed studies of gene data regarding 9769 patients of 32 types of human cancers, that PD-L1 could not exclusively represent IFN-γ signature and potentially signified pro-inflammatory myeloid responses in a tumor. PD-L1 heterogeneity endowed by local immune landscapes controlled cancer hallmarks and clinical outcomes of patients. Mechanically, NF-κB signal elicited by macrophage inflammatory responses generated PD-L1+ cancer cells exhibiting capabilities to aggressively survive, support angiogenesis, and metastasize, whereas STAT1 signal triggered by activated T cells induced PD-L1+ cancer cells susceptive to apoptosis. Importantly, PD-L1+ cancer cells generated by macrophages established great resistance to conventional chemotherapy, cytotoxicity of tumor-specific effector T cells, and therapy of immune checkpoint blockade. Therapeutic strategy combining immune checkpoint blockade with macrophage depletion or NF-κB inhibition in vivo effectively and successfully elicited caner regression. Our results provide insight into the functional features of PD-L1+ tumors and suggest that strategies to influence functional activities of inflammatory cells may benefit immune checkpoint blockade therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Wei
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Third Affiliated Hospital, MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiyi Zhao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Third Affiliated Hospital, MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiliang Gao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Third Affiliated Hospital, MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiang-Ming Lao
- Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei-Ming Lin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Third Affiliated Hospital, MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong-Ping Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Third Affiliated Hospital, MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming Mu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Third Affiliated Hospital, MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chun-Xiang Huang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Third Affiliated Hospital, MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zheng-Yu Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Third Affiliated Hospital, MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Limin Zheng
- Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong-Ming Kuang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Third Affiliated Hospital, MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lin TC, Yeh YM, Fan WL, Chang YC, Lin WM, Yang TY, Hsiao M. Ghrelin Upregulates Oncogenic Aurora A to Promote Renal Cell Carcinoma Invasion. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11030303. [PMID: 30836712 PMCID: PMC6468656 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11030303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ghrelin is a peptide hormone, originally identified from the stomach, that functions as an endogenous ligand of the growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR) and promotes growth hormone (GH) release and food intake. Increasing reports point out ghrelin’s role in cancer progression. We previously characterized ghrelin’s prognostic significance in the clear cell subtype of renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), and its pro-metastatic ability via Snail-dependent cell migration. However, ghrelin’s activity in promoting cell invasion remains obscure. In this study, an Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA)-based investigation of differentially expressed genes in Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE) dataset indicated the potential association of Aurora A with ghrelin in ccRCC metastasis. In addition, a significant correlation between ghrelin and Aurora A expression level in 15 ccRCC cell line was confirmed by variant probes. ccRCC patients with high ghrelin and Aurora A status were clinically associated with poor outcome. We further observed that ghrelin upregulated Aurora A at the protein and RNA levels and that ghrelin-induced ccRCC in vitro invasion and in vivo metastasis occurred in an Aurora A-dependent manner. Furthermore, MMP1, 2, 9 and 10 expressions are associated with poor outcome. In particular, MMP10 is significantly upregulated and required for the ghrelin-Aurora A axis to promote ccRCC invasion. The results of this study indicated a novel signaling mechanism in ccRCC metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-Chieh Lin
- Genomic Medicine Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou 33305, Taiwan.
| | - Yuan-Ming Yeh
- Genomic Medicine Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou 33305, Taiwan.
| | - Wen-Lang Fan
- Genomic Medicine Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou 33305, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Chan Chang
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-Ming Lin
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi Branch, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Chiayi 61363, Taiwan.
| | - Tse-Yen Yang
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 40447, Taiwan.
| | - Michael Hsiao
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Chen WC, Ho YH, Lin WM. Diagnostic Efficacy of Non-Contrast Liver Magnetic Resonance Imaging with Multiparametric Sequences in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. j med imaging hlth inform 2019. [DOI: 10.1166/jmihi.2019.2539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
8
|
Chen CW, Hsu LS, Weng JC, Weng HH, Ye YL, Hsu SL, Lin WM. Assessment of small hepatocellular carcinoma: perfusion quantification and time-concentration curve evaluation using color-coded and quantitative digital subtraction angiography. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e13392. [PMID: 30508937 PMCID: PMC6283217 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000013392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
To explore the role of quantitative digital subtraction angiography (QDSA) in the diagnosis of small hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Between November 2015 and November 2017, all patients who underwent chemoembolization for HCC were retrospectively reviewed. Patients with tumors measuring more than 5 cm or evident post-processing imaging artifacts were excluded. Images were post-processed using the QDSA technique. Regions of interest were manually drawn on proper hepatic artery (as a reference), target HCC and peritumoral liver. Time-concentration curves and flow parameters of the peak ratio, subtracted time-to-peak (TTP), and area under the curve (AUC) ratio was obtained and analyzed.A total of 146 HCCs (mean diameter, 1.6 cm) of 71 cirrhotic patients (54 men, 17 women; mean age, 67.7 years) were enrolled. Compared with liver parenchyma, HCCs showed an increased and more rapid flow (peak ratio, AUC ratio, subtracted TTP, and wash-in slope; all P <.001). Compared with untreated HCCs, chemoembolized HCCs showed a slower flow (subtracted TTP and wash-in slope, P = .004 and .002, respectively). HCCs with a typical enhancement pattern on computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) had a trend toward Type III (washout pattern) time-concentration curves (P <.001). Chemoembolized HCCs had a trend toward Type II (plateau pattern) time-concentration curves (P = .005).QDSA technology can be used to quantify perfusion measurements of HCC and hepatic parenchyma and to assess perfusion changes after HCC chemoembolization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Wei Chen
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Chiayi Branch, Chiayi
- Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung
| | - Li-Sheng Hsu
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Chiayi Branch, Chiayi
- Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan
| | - Jun-Cheng Weng
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan
- Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Hsu-Huei Weng
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Chiayi Branch, Chiayi
- Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan
| | - Yu-Ling Ye
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Chiayi Branch, Chiayi
- Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan
| | - Sheng-Lung Hsu
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Chiayi Branch, Chiayi
- Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan
| | - Wei-Ming Lin
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Chiayi Branch, Chiayi
- Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yang DL, Xiao J, Wang D, Lin WM, Pu Y, Zeng XF, Le Y, Wang JX. Controllable Preparation of Monodisperse Silica Nanoparticles Using Internal Circulation Rotating Packed Bed for Dental Restorative Composite Resin. Ind Eng Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.8b02725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
10
|
Huang ML, Lin WM, Lin XL, Zhang YP, Shi WZ, Xiong P. [Preparation optimization of extract of Moringa oleifera leaves and its immune regulation effect on immunosuppressed mice]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2018; 43:2697-2704. [PMID: 30111019 DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20171218.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
With total flavonoid content and dry extract yield as the observation indexes, the optimal extraction conditions of Moringa oleifera leaves were determined by using single factor test and orthogonal test, and cyclophosphamide modeling method was used to establish immunosuppressed mice models, so as to investigate the effects of M. oleifera leaves extract on immune regulation in mice. The results showed that the optimal preparation conditions were as follows: extraction with 70% ethanol, material-liquid ratio 1:15, extraction temperature 80 °C, three times, 1.5 hours for each time. Under these conditions, the content of total flavonoids from M. oleifera leaves was 15.64 mg·g⁻¹, which can significantly enhance macrophage phagocytosis and immune organ index, promote the synthesis of serum immunoglobulin IgG and hemolysin, and decrease AST activity, with regulation effect on immune dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mao-Lin Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Wei-Ming Lin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xiao-Ling Lin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Ying-Pei Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Wan-Zhen Shi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Ping Xiong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Jiang YQ, Huang J, Guo WK, Lai B, Wang J, Liang CX, Liu SL, Lin WM. [Treatment of Pipkin type I and II femoral head fractures through modified Smith-Peterson approach and modified Hardinge approach-a case-control studies]. Zhongguo Gu Shang 2018; 30:616-621. [PMID: 29424150 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-0034.2017.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare clinical results of treatment of Pipkin type I and II femoral head fractures through modified Smith-Peterson(S-P) approach and modified Hardinge approach. METHODS From July 2005 to July 2014, 42 patients with Pipkin type I and II femoral head fractures were treated with operation. A total of 23 patients in anterior group was treated with modified S-P approach including 17 males and 6 females with an average age of (29.3±9.4) years old, 5 cases of type I by excision of the fragement, 3 cases of type I and 15 cases of type II cases by fixation of the fragement. While a total of 19 patients in the lateral group was treated with modified Hardinge approach including 15 males and 4 females with an average age of (31.4±10.0) years old, 3 cases of type I by excision of the fragement, 4 cases of type I and 12 cases of type II by fixation of the fragement. Operative time, blood loss during operation and fracture healing time were observed and compared. The clinical and radiographic outcomes of the patients were measured using Thompson-Epstein scoring scale. The effect of hip reduction time of less than 6 h, 6 to12 h, and more than 12 h, the effect of surgery time within 24 h and more than 24 h after injury were compared. RESULTS All patients were followed up from 24 to 60 months with an average of(30.29±6.95) months. The operation time (61.96±12.22) min, blood loss (46.09±18.03) ml, and (74.74±10.06) min, blood loss (72.11±19.88) ml in lateral group in the anterior group were better than those of lateral group(P<0.05). In anterior group, fracture healing time was(12.22±1.70) weeks, the results were excellent in 8 cases, good in 10 cases, fair in 4 cases and poor in 1 case, the excellent and good rate was 78.3%, the incidence of avascular necrosis of femoral head was 8.69%(2/23), and the incidence of heterotopic ossification was 13.04%(3/23). While in lateral group, the fracture healing time was(12.42±1.95) weeks, the results were excellent in 6 cases, good in 7 cases, fair in 3 cases and poor in 3 cases, the excellent and good rate was 68.4%, the incidence of avascular necrosis of femoral head was 10.53%(2/19), and the incidence of heterotopic ossification was 5.26%(1/19). There was no significant difference in fracture healing time, postoperative effect and postoperative complications between the anterior group and lateral group(P<0.05). The effect of patients with reduction time of hip dislocation less than 12 h was significantly better than that of more than 12 h, there was no significant difference in the effect between reduction time within 6 h and 6 to 12 h. There was no significant difference in the outcome between surgical patients within 24 h and more than 24 h after injury. CONCLUSIONS Dislocated hip of Pipkin type I and II femoral head fractures should be closed reduction within 6 h. If conditions are limited, the reduction time can be accepted within 12 h. Both of modified S-P approach and modified Hardinge approach are effective in treating Pipkin type I and II femoral head fractures, and can obtain excellent outcomes. Moreover, modified S-P approach has advantage of less trauma, less blood loss, shorter operative time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Qing Jiang
- Department of Joint Surgery, Meizhou Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University, Meizhou 514031, Guangdong, China;
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of Joint Surgery, Meizhou Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University, Meizhou 514031, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei-Kang Guo
- Department of Joint Surgery, Meizhou Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University, Meizhou 514031, Guangdong, China
| | - Bing Lai
- Department of Joint Surgery, Meizhou Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University, Meizhou 514031, Guangdong, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Joint Surgery, Meizhou Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University, Meizhou 514031, Guangdong, China
| | - Chuan-Xing Liang
- Department of Joint Surgery, Meizhou Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University, Meizhou 514031, Guangdong, China
| | - Song-Lang Liu
- Department of Joint Surgery, Meizhou Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University, Meizhou 514031, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei-Ming Lin
- Department of Joint Surgery, Meizhou Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University, Meizhou 514031, Guangdong, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhang JJ, Xiong P, Lin WM, Wu WJ, Wang ZC, Fei WT. Evaluation on hot/cold drug property of Açaí (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) by cytological study methods. World J Tradit Chin Med 2018. [DOI: 10.4103/wjtcm.wjtcm_14_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
|
13
|
Abstract
Computed tomography (CT)-guided lung biopsy of nodules located near the heart may be associated with potential complications. To understand the influences of cardiac motion on lung parenchyma during biopsy, we processed the cardiac phase images of coronary CT angiography (CCTA) and noticed shifts in mediastinum lung margin (MLM) at different zones.Thirty eight CCTA (27 men and 11 women) were retrospectively evaluated. Image processing was done with Fiji (an open source Java image processing program by Fiji contributors) using 10% to 90% phase images of CCTA; and tissue displacement (MLM shift) was shown on the resulting images.The participants were 58.29 ± 9.87 years old; their height was 166.32 ± 7.57 cm while their weight was 74.18 ± 13.59 kg. The mean values of MLM shifts in Zones 1 to 9 ranged from 1.98 to 7.76 mm. Large MLM shifts were observed in the free wall of the left ventricle (LV). MLM shift of the upper free wall of the LV was 6.98 ± 1.99 mm and that of the lower free wall of the LV was 7.76 ± 3.26 mm. The largest MLM shift among all patients was 16.05 mm, found in the lower free wall of the LV. The age factor had a weak positive correlation with the wall of the pulmonary artery (r = 0.350, P = .031) and that of the right atrial appendage (r = 0.418, P = .009). In contrast, a weak negative correlation of age factor was observed with the lower free wall of the LV (r = -0.336, P = .039).In conclusion, we suggest that physicians observe caution when performing lung biopsy if the distance between the lung lesion and the MLM is 1 to 2 cm. CT-guided lung biopsy should be avoided if the distance is <1 cm. Physicians should pay special attention to lung lesions near the LV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Sheng Hsu
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi
- Department of Physical Education, Health and Recreation, National Chiayi University, Chiayi
- Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan
| | - Chien-Wei Chen
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi
- Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung
| | - Chia-Hao Chang
- College of Nursing and the Chronic Diseases and Health Promotion Research Center, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Chiayi Campus, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Han Liao
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi
| | - Sheng-Lung Hsu
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi
- Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan
| | - Wei-Ming Lin
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi
- Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Chen WC, Lin WM, Chen CH, Lin SS. 2D Susceptibility-Weighted Imaging Gradient-Echo to Increase the Non-Contrast Diagnostic Sensitivity of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. j med imaging hlth inform 2017. [DOI: 10.1166/jmihi.2017.2172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
15
|
Abstract
Various studies have shown that irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is highly associated with other pathologies, including fibromyalgia (FM). The objective of this study was to analyze the differences among risk factors associated with IBS following FM in a nationwide prospective cohort study.We propose that a relationship exists between FM and IBS. This article presents evidence obtained from a cohort study in which we used data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database to clarify the relationship between FM and IBS. The follow-up period ran from the start of FM diagnosis to the date of the IBS event, censoring, or December 31, 2011. We analyzed the risk of IBS using Cox proportional hazard regression models, including sex, age, and comorbidities.During the follow-up period, from 2000 to 2011, the overall incidence of IBS was higher in FM patients than in non-FM patients (7.47 vs 4.42 per 1000 person-years), with a crude hazard ratio = 1.69 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.59-1.79). After adjustment for age, sex, and comorbidities, FM was associated with a 1.54-fold increased risk for IBS.Mutually risk factors may influence the relationship between FM and IBS. We recommend that physiologists conduct annual examinations of FM patients to reduce the incidence of IBS progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tse-Yen Yang
- Molecular and Genomic Epidemiology Center, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua
| | - Chih-Sheng Chen
- Division of Chinese Trauma, China Medical University Hospital
| | - Cheng-Li Lin
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung
| | - Wei-Ming Lin
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi
- Chang Gung University, Taoyuan
| | | | - Chia-Hung Kao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, China Medical University Hospital
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine Science and School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Chen WC, Lin WM, Tsai YH, Lin SS. Increased Diagnostic Accuracy of Post-Contrast MR 3D-STIR for Brachial Plexus Injury. j med imaging hlth inform 2016. [DOI: 10.1166/jmihi.2016.1887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
17
|
Lin WM, Juan YH, Lin YC, Ueng SH, Lo YF, Cheung YC. Awareness of primary spontaneous hemorrhagic angiosarcoma of the breast associated with Kasabach-Merritt syndrome in a pregnant woman by enhanced magnetic resonance imaging: A CARE-compliant case report. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e5276. [PMID: 27858895 PMCID: PMC5591143 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000005276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Primary breast angiosarcoma with spontaneous intratumoral bleeding associating with Kasabach-Merritt Syndrome is rarely reported. CASE FINDINGS/PATIENT CONCERNS We herein present such a case in a 30-year-old pregnant woman who was initially diagnosed to hemangioma at her early gestation. However, the sudden rapid tumor growth was aware of the attention and intended for receiving the breast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. DIAGNOSES AND INTERVENTIONS The dynamic MRI enhancement showed inhomogenous enhancement at the periphery of the lobulated tumor on both early and delayed scans, otherwise a large hematoma was revealed at the center. Surgical resection was performed after baby delivery by Caeserean section, and histopathologic study confirmed breast angiosarcoma. CONCLUSION Despite its rarity, clinicians should recognize the association of breast angiosacroma with Kasabach-Merritt Syndrome with suggestive finding of enhanced MRI in order to decide the surgical approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ming Lin
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi
- Medical College of Chang Gung University, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsiang Juan
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou
- Medical College of Chang Gung University, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ching Lin
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung
- Medical College of Chang Gung University, Taiwan
| | - Shir-Hwa Ueng
- Department of Pathology
- Medical College of Chang Gung University, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Feng Lo
- Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou
- Medical College of Chang Gung University, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Chung Cheung
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou
- Medical College of Chang Gung University, Taiwan
- Correspondence: Yun-Chung Cheung, Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Gueishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan. (e-mail: )
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Chen AF, Chen CL, Low S, Lin WM, Chinnakkannu K, Orozco FR, Ong AC, Post ZD. Higher Acetabular Anteversion in Direct Anterior Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Retrospective Case-Control Study. HSS J 2016; 12:240-244. [PMID: 27703417 PMCID: PMC5026652 DOI: 10.1007/s11420-016-9488-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surgical approach is known as a risk factor that influences cup malposition while performing total hip arthroplasty (THA). However, no study has been conducted comparing cup positioning between the supine direct anterior (DA) and supine direct lateral (DL) THA approaches. QUESTIONS/PURPOSES (1) Is there a difference in acetabular cup positioning between supine DA and supine DL THA approaches? (2) Are there differences in complications based on acetabular cup positioning between the two approaches? METHODS From 2012 to 2014, 186 patients who underwent primary THAs using DA approach were matched with 186 patients using DL approach by body mass index, age, and gender. Cup anteversion and abduction angles were measured from standing anteroposterior pelvis radiographs by two blinded observers. The Lewinnek safe zone was used as the standard for cup positioning. Cup anteversion, abduction angles, and complications were recorded and compared. RESULTS Cup anteversion was on average 3° higher in the DA approach compared to the DL approach. The abduction angle for the DA approach was equivalent to the DL approach both averaging 46° to 47°. There were more DA hips outside of the safe zone (10%) for anteversion than DL (3%) hips. There were no differences in complications between DA and DL approaches. CONCLUSION There is a tendency to antevert the acetabular cup when performing THAs using the DA approach, and one must be mindful of this when implanting the acetabular component.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonia F. Chen
- Rothman Institute, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Chi-Lung Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Sara Low
- Rothman Institute, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Wei-Ming Lin
- Department of Radiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | | | - Fabio R. Orozco
- Rothman Institute, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA USA ,2500 English Creek Avenue, Building 1300, Egg Harbor Township, NJ 08234 USA
| | - Alvin C. Ong
- Rothman Institute, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA USA ,2500 English Creek Avenue, Building 1300, Egg Harbor Township, NJ 08234 USA
| | - Zachary D. Post
- Rothman Institute, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA USA ,2500 English Creek Avenue, Building 1300, Egg Harbor Township, NJ 08234 USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Lee IC, Lin WM, Shu JC, Tsai SW, Chen CH, Tsai MT. Formulation of two-layer dissolving polymeric microneedle patches for insulin transdermal delivery in diabetic mice. J Biomed Mater Res A 2016; 105:84-93. [PMID: 27539509 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2016] [Revised: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Dissolving microneedles (MNs) display high efficiency in delivering poorly permeable drugs and vaccines. Here, two-layer dissolving polymeric MN patches composed of gelatin and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) were fabricated with a two-step casting and centrifuging process to localize the insulin in the needle and achieve efficient transdermal delivery of insulin. In vitro skin insertion capability was determined by staining with tissue-marking dye after insertion, and the real-time penetration depth was monitored using optical coherence tomography. Confocal microscopy images revealed that the rhodamine 6G and fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled insulin (insulin-FITC) can gradually diffuse from the puncture sites to deeper tissue. Ex vivo drug-release profiles showed that 50% of the insulin was released and penetrated across the skin after 1 h, and the cumulative permeation reached 80% after 5 h. In vivo and pharmacodynamic studies were then conducted to estimate the feasibility of the administration of insulin-loaded dissolving MN patches on diabetic mice for glucose regulation. The total area above the glucose level versus time curve as an index of hypoglycemic effect was 128.4 ± 28.3 (% h) at 0.25 IU/kg. The relative pharmacologic availability and relative bioavailability (RBA) of insulin from MN patches were 95.6 and 85.7%, respectively. This study verified that the use of gelatin/CMC MN patches for insulin delivery achieved a satisfactory RBA compared to traditional hypodermic injection and presented a promising device to deliver poorly permeable protein drugs for diabetic therapy. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 84-93, 2017.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I-Chi Lee
- Graduate Institute of Biochemical and Biomedical Engineering, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan city, 33302, Taiwan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, 33305, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ming Lin
- Graduate Institute of Biochemical and Biomedical Engineering, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan city, 33302, Taiwan
| | - Jwu-Ching Shu
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan city, 33302, Taiwan
| | - Shau-Wei Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Biochemical and Biomedical Engineering, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan city, 33302, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hao Chen
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-yuan, 33305, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Tsan Tsai
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Chang-Gung University, Taoyuan city, 33302, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Abstract
The coexistence of fibromyalgia (FM) and dry eye syndrome (DES) has been previously reported. However, there are few studies on how patients with FM may develop concomitant DES. Patients with chronic widespread pain, like FM, chronic fatigue syndrome, and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), was concerned for the rheumatic or psychosomatic disorders which might adequately reflect the long-term risk of DES. We retrieved data on FM patients from the National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan covering the years 2000 to 2011. Our FM population consisted of 25,777 patients versus 103,108 patients in the non-FM group: the overall incidence of DES in these populations was 7.37/10,000 and 4.81/10,000, respectively. Male FM patients had a higher incidence of DES, with a 1.39-fold DES risk for males and a 1.45-fold for females after adjustment for confounding factor. Notably, FM patients aged ≤49 years had an elevated 80% risk of DES compared with the non-FM group. Without comorbidities, FM patients had an approximately 1.40-fold risk of DES than those without FM. The additive effects of FM and IBS or FM and sleep disturbance were pointed out that the risk for DES would be elevated when the FM patients with IBS or sleep disturbance. FM patients have a higher incidence of DES than that of non-FM patients. They carry long-term DES risks from a relatively young age, particularly those with psychiatric problems. Risk stratification for a timely psychiatric medication intervention and risk modifications are not intended.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Hsien Chen
- From the Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology (CHC); Molecular and Genomic Epidemiology Center, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung (T-YY); Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua (T-YY); Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital (C-LL); College of Medicine (C-LL); Division of Chinese Trauma, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung (C-SC); Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi (W-ML); Chang Gung University, Taoyuan (W-ML); Kau-Tang Traditional Medical Hospital, Taichung (C-NK); Department of Nuclear Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung (M-CL); Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, China Medical University Hospital (C-HK); and Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science and School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan (C-HK)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Abstract
Development of chemoresistance is a major obstacle that leads to the recurrence and progression of cervical cancer (CC). Autophagy, meaning, "eating of self", has shown paradoxical functions in tumors. In this study, we first investigated the process of autophagy induction by cisplatin in CC cells. Next, we investigated the role of autophagy in cisplatin-sensitivity of CC cells via blockage of cisplatin-induced autophagy. The results demonstrated that cisplatin induces autophagy in CC HeLa cells via upregulating the formation of autophagic vesicle, promoting the conversion of LC-I to LC-II, and increasing the expression of autophagy-related gene 7 (Atg-7). On the other hand, the autophagy inhibitor, 3MA, downregulated cisplatin-induced formation of autophagic vesicles, reduced the conversion of LC-I to LC-II, and decreased Atg-7 expression. Moreover, 3MA reversed the reduction in cellular viability and induction of apoptosis by cisplatin in HeLa cells. Our results imply that autophagy blockage may play a key role in the chemosensitivity of cervical cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W M Lin
- Department of Gynecology, Guangdong General Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Guangzhou, China
| | - Z G Li
- Department of Gynecology, Guangdong General Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Abstract
Background Chronic neuropsychological sequelae may occur in patients with tuberculous meningitis (TBM). The impact of structural abnormalities on the clinical performance of patients with TBM is unknown. This study applied the Diffeomorphic Anatomical Registration Through Exponentiated Lie Algebra (DARTEL) voxel-based morphometry (VBM) to determine if gray matter deficits in TBM are associated with acute presentations and chronic cognitive impairment. Methods Seventeen patients with TBM who discontinued their anti-TB therapy for more than six months, and 17 age-, sex-, and education-matched healthy subjects were enrolled. Differences in gray matter volume (GMV) between patients and healthy controls were investigated using DARTEL-VBM to determine structural abnormalities. Disease severity during the acute stage was scored by clinical profiles and conventional imaging findings. Correlations among chronic structural deficits, cognitive impairment, and initial disease severity were assessed. Results The patients with TBM had worse neuropsychological subtest performances than the healthy controls. Compared to the controls, the patients showed smaller GMVs in the right thalamus, right caudate nucleus, right superior and middle temporal gyrus, right precuneus, and left putamen (p < 0.001). The smaller GMVs in the right thalamus, right superior temporal gyrus, right precuneus, left putamen, and right caudate nucleus (p < 0.05) were further associated with worse cognitive function. More severe initial disease also correlated with smaller GMVs in the right caudate nucleus (p < 0.05). Conclusion Multiple domain cognitive impairment may persist in patients with chronic TBM even after appropriate treatment. Worse initial disease severity may contribute to the vulnerability of brain tissue to damage, with subsequent neuropsychological consequences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hsiu-Ling Chen
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 123 Ta-Pei Road, Niao-Sung, Kaohsiung, 83305, Taiwan. .,Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Cheng-Hsien Lu
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Ching-Di Chang
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 123 Ta-Pei Road, Niao-Sung, Kaohsiung, 83305, Taiwan.
| | - Pei-Chin Chen
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 123 Ta-Pei Road, Niao-Sung, Kaohsiung, 83305, Taiwan.
| | - Meng-Hsiang Chen
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 123 Ta-Pei Road, Niao-Sung, Kaohsiung, 83305, Taiwan.
| | - Nai-Wen Hsu
- Department of Radiology, Yuan's General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Kun-Hsien Chou
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-Ming Lin
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Chiayi, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Chiayi, Taiwan.
| | - Ching-Po Lin
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Institute of Neuroscience, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-Che Lin
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 123 Ta-Pei Road, Niao-Sung, Kaohsiung, 83305, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Abstract
Several hypotheses have been proposed to explain the etiopathogenesis of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), including immune dysregulation. However, few population-based prospective cohort studies have been conducted on CFS and atopy. We investigated the relationship between atopy and CFS by using a population-based cohort study. In this prospective, population-based cohort study of the National Health Insurance Research Database, we identified 42,558 patients with atopy and 170,232 patients without atopy from 2005 to 2007 with follow-up to 2011. The incidence rates and risks for CFS were estimated using Cox proportion hazards regression. The overall incidence rate of CFS was higher in the atopy cohort compared with the nonatopy cohort (1.37 versus 0.87 per 1000 person-year), with an adjusted hazard ratio of 1.48 (95% confidence interval 1.30-1.69). The risk of CFS in the atopy cohort increased 1.47- to 1.50-fold for each nonexisting comorbidity. Patients with numerous atopic symptoms exhibited a biological gradient of increasing risk for CFS, and the risk changed significantly after adjustment for age, sex, and comorbidities, increasing from 1.46- to 2.59-fold. We revealed that atopy is associated with CFS, particularly in patients with numerous atopic syndromes. The actual mechanism for CFS development in patients with atopy remains unclear and requires further investigation. We recommend researching the subsequent fatigue symptom in patients with atopy, particularly those with multiple atopic syndromes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tse-Yen Yang
- From the Molecular and Genomic Epidemiology Center, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung (T-YY); Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua (T-YY); Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, China Medical University Hospital (H-TK); School of Medicine, China Medical University (H-TK); Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital (H-JC); Department of Public Health, China Medical University; Asia University (H-JC); Division of Chinese Trauma, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung (C-SC); Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi (W-ML); Chang Gung University, Taoyuan (W-ML); Department of Laboratory Medicine (Clinical Pathology), Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei (S-YT); Department of Health Policy and Management, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (S-YT); Kau-Tang Traditional Medical Hospital (C-NK); Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, China Medical University Hospital (C-HK); and Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science and School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan (C-HK)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Abstract
Various studies have shown that irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is highly associated with other pathologies, including fibromyalgia (FM). The objective of this study was to analyze the differences among risk factors associated with IBS following FM in a nationwide prospective cohort study. We propose that a relationship exists between FM and IBS. This article presents evidence obtained from a cohort study in which we used data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database to clarify the relationship between FM and IBS. The follow-up period ran from the start of FM diagnosis to the date of the IBS event, censoring, or December 31, 2011. We analyzed the risk of IBS using Cox proportional hazard regression models, including sex, age, and comorbidities. During the follow-up period, from 2000 to 2011, the overall incidence of IBS was higher in FM patients than in non-FM patients (7.47 vs 4.42 per 1000 person-years), with a crude hazard ratio = 1.69 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.45-1.63). After adjustment for age, sex, and comorbidities, FM was associated with a 1.54-fold increased risk for IBS. Mutually risk factors may influence the relationship between FM and IBS. We recommend that physiologists conduct annual examinations of FM patients to reduce the incidence of IBS progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tse-Yen Yang
- From the Molecular and Genomic Epidemiology Center (T-YY), China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung; Division of Nephrology (T-YY), Department of Internal Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua; Division of Chinese Trauma (C-SC), China Medical University Hospital; Management Office for Health Data (C-LL), China Medical University Hospital; College of Medicine (C-LL), China Medical University, Taichung; Department of Diagnostic Radiology (W-ML), Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi; Chang Gung University (W-ML), Taoyuan; Kau-Tang Traditional Medical Hospital (C-NK); Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center (C-HK), China Medical University Hospital; and Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine Science and School of Medicine (C-HK), College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Chen HL, Lu CH, Lin HC, Chen PC, Chou KH, Lin WM, Tsai NW, Su YJ, Friedman M, Lin CP, Lin WC. White matter damage and systemic inflammation in obstructive sleep apnea. Sleep 2015; 38:361-70. [PMID: 25325459 DOI: 10.5665/sleep.4490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2014] [Accepted: 07/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES To evaluate white matter integrity in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and to assess its relationship with systemic inflammation. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING One tertiary medical center research institute. PATIENTS OR PARTICIPANTS Twenty patients with severe OSA (apnea-hypopnea index [AHI] > 30, 18 men and 2 women) and 14 healthy volunteers (AHI < 5, 11 men and 3 women). INTERVENTIONS N/A. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS Patients with severe OSA and healthy volunteers underwent polysomnography to determine the severity of sleep apnea, and DTI scanning to determine fiber integrity. Early or late phase changes in leukocyte apoptosis and its subsets were determined by flow cytometry. DTI-related indices (including fractional anisotropy [FA], axial diffusivity [AD], radial diffusivity [RD], and mean diffusivity [MD]) were derived from DTI. The FA maps were compared using voxel-based statistics to determine differences between the severe OSA and control groups. The differences in DTI indices, clinical severity, and leukocyte apoptosis were correlated after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, and systolic blood pressure. Exploratory group-wise comparison between the two groups revealed that patients with OSA exhibited low FA accomplished by high RD in several brain locations, without any differences in AD and MD. The FA values were negatively correlated with clinical disease severity and leukocyte early apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS Obstructive sleep apnea impairs white matter integrity in vulnerable regions, and this impairment is associated with increased disease severity. The possible interactions between systemic inflammation and central nervous system microstructural damage may represent variant hypoxic patterns and their consequent processes in OSA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hsiu-Ling Chen
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hsien Lu
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Biological Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ching Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Sleep Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chin Chen
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Hsien Chou
- Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ming Lin
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Nai-Wen Tsai
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jih Su
- Department of Biological Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Michael Friedman
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Sleep Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL.,Department of Otolaryngology, Advanced Center for Specialty Care, Advocate Illinois Masonic Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Ching-Po Lin
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Neuroscience, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Che Lin
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Chou KH, Lin WC, Lee PL, Tsai NW, Huang YC, Chen HL, Cheng KY, Chen PC, Wang HC, Lin TK, Li SH, Lin WM, Lu CH, Lin CP. Structural covariance networks of striatum subdivision in patients with Parkinson's disease. Hum Brain Mapp 2014; 36:1567-84. [PMID: 25594281 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.22724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Revised: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder associated with the striatum. Previous studies indicated that subdivisions of the striatum with distinct functional connectivity profiles contribute to different pathogeneses in PD. Segregated structural covariance (SC) pattern between the striatum and neocortex observed in healthy subjects, however, remain unknown in PD. The purpose of this study is to map and compare the subregional striatal SC network organization between 30 healthy controls and 48 PD patients and to investigate their association with the disease severity. The striatal SC network was statistically inferred by correlating the mean gray matter (GM) volume of six striatal subdivisions (including the bilateral dorsal caudate, superior ventral striatum, inferior ventral striatum, dorsal caudal putamen, dorsal rostral putamen, and ventral rostral putamen) with the entire neocortical GM volume in voxel-wise manner. The PD patients revealed marked atrophy in the striatum, cerebellum, and extra-striatum neocortices. As predicted, segregated striatal SC network patterns were observed in both groups. This suggests that in PD, pathological processes occurring in the striatum affect the same striato-cortical networks that covary with the striatum in healthy brains. The PD patients further demonstrated atypical striatal SC patterns between the caudate, parahippocampus temporal cortices, and cerebellum, which corresponded to dopaminergic associated network. The areas with significant group differences in SC were further associated with disease severity. Our findings support previous studies indicating that PD is associated with altered striato-cortical networks, and suggest that structural changes in the striatum may result in a cascade of alterations in multiple neocortices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Hsien Chou
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Hsu CM, Lin BT, Zeng YX, Lin WM, Wu WT. Light extraction enhancement of organic light-emitting diodes using aluminum zinc oxide embedded anodes. Opt Express 2014; 22 Suppl 7:A1695-A1700. [PMID: 25607483 DOI: 10.1364/oe.22.0a1695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum zinc oxide (AZO) has been embedded onto indium tin oxide (ITO) anode to enhance the light extraction from an organic light-emitting diode (OLED). The embedded AZO provides deflection and scattering interfaces on the newly generated AZO/organics and AZO/ITO interfaces rather than the conventional ITO/organic interface. The current efficiency of AZO embedded OLEDs was enhanced by up to 64%, attributed to the improved light extraction by additionally created reflection and scattering of emitted light on the AZO/ITO interfaces which was roughed in AZO embedding process. The current efficiency was found to increase with the increasing AZO embedded area ratio, but limited by the accompanying increases in haze and electrical resistance of the AZO embedded ITO film.
Collapse
|
28
|
Lin SY, Lin WM, Lin CL, Yang TY, Sung FC, Wang YH, Kao CH. The relationship between secondary hyperparathyroidism and thyroid cancer in end stage renal disease: a population based cohort study. Eur J Intern Med 2014; 25:276-80. [PMID: 24440084 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2014.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2013] [Revised: 12/16/2013] [Accepted: 01/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We conducted a retrospective cohort study to investigate the risk of cancer in end stage renal disease (ESRD) patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism (HPT). PATIENTS AND METHODS This study investigated the elevated overall cancer risk in ESRD patients with secondary HPT in Taiwan. We used a population-based retrospective cohort consisting of original claims data of 1 million beneficiaries randomly sampled from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD). We calculated the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of cancer in the ESRD with secondary HPT and comparison cohorts, using the Cox proportional hazards regression model. RESULTS We observed that ESRD patients with secondary HPT exhibited a 10.1-fold increased risk of thyroid cancer than did ESRD patients without this parathyroid complication, after adjusting for comorbidities (95% confidence interval=1.12-91.0). CONCLUSION These phenomena indicate that ESRD patients with secondary HPT are at greater risk of thyroid cancer. Physicians should be alert for occult thyroid cancer in ESRD patients with secondary HPT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Yi Lin
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taiwan; Division of Nephrology and Kidney Institute, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ming Lin
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Chiayi, Chiayi, Taiwan; Chang Gung University, Tao Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Li Lin
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tse-Yen Yang
- Molecular and Genomic Epidemiology Center, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Fung-Chang Sung
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Hung Wang
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University, Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hung Kao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine Science and School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Ou SM, Lee SY, Chen JY, Cheng HW, Wei TH, Yu KW, Lin WM, King KL, Yang WC, Ng YY. First identification of Gordonia sputi in a continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patient with Peritonitis. Perit Dial Int 2013; 33:107-8. [PMID: 23349205 DOI: 10.3747/pdi.2012.00030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
|
30
|
Lin WM, Yang TY, Weng HH, Chen CF, Lee MH, Yang JT, Ng Jao SY, Tsai YH. Brain microbleeds: distribution and influence on hematoma and perihematomal edema in patients with primary intracerebral hemorrhage. Neuroradiol J 2013; 26:184-90. [PMID: 23859241 DOI: 10.1177/197140091302600208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2012] [Accepted: 03/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain microbleed is a marker of small vessel microhemorrhagic or microaneurysmal lesions, which may induce intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). This study to prospectively evaluated the association between microbleeds, hematoma and perihematomal edema volume, and various clinical data, as well as patient outcome. Thirty-one patients with ICH and 31 healthy age-matched subjects were enrolled in our study. They were divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of microbleeds detected by MRI. Serial clinical and laboratory data were recorded. Modified Rankin Scale and Barthel Index were estimated three months after hemorrhage. The major location of microbleeds among patients with ICH was the basal ganglia. The volume of perihematomal edema was correlated with the initial hematoma volume on the first, fifth and seventh days after hemorrhage in patients with microbleeds. For patients without microbleeds, this correlation was also significant on the seventh day. Cerebral microbleeds in patients with ICH, especially in the basal ganglia region, represent micro-angiopathy, and are associated with leakage of blood and formation of perihemorrhage edema. Brain microbleeds found in patients with ICH warrant further investigation for evaluation of stroke risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ming Lin
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Lin WM, Karsten U, Goletz S, Cheng RC, Cao Y. Expression of CD176 (Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen) on lung, breast and liver cancer-initiating cells. Int J Exp Pathol 2010; 92:97-105. [PMID: 21070402 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2613.2010.00747.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The cancer-initiating capacity of most malignant tumours is considered to reside in a small subpopulation of cells. Therapeutical interventions should target these cells rather than the tumour mass. Numerous studies have shown that the carbohydrate antigen structure CD176 (Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen, core-1) is present in many types of cancer and absent in normal adult human tissues. In this study, we assessed whether CD176 is co-expressed with CD44 or CD133 [markers of cancer-initiating cells (CIC)] in human lung, breast and liver carcinoma. A variety of human cancer cell lines and surgical specimens of these malignancies were examined. It was found that in most cases the majority of tumour cells stained strongly for CD44 by immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry, whereas CD133 expression was found on a smaller, but varying proportion of cells. Co-expression of CD176 with CD44 was found at a surprisingly high percentage of cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Co-expression of CD176 with CD133 was also detected, although at a lower rate. Tamoxifen treatment of MDA-435 breast cancer cells enhanced the CD44(+) /CD176(+) phenotype. Evidence is provided through a new sandwich solid-phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) suggesting that CD44 is a carrier molecule for CD176 not only in colorectal cancer as previously reported, but also in lung, breast and liver cancer. The expression of CD176 in CIC suggests that it may represent an effective target for tumour therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ming Lin
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of CAS and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Lin WM, Karsten U, Goletz S, Cheng RC, Cao Y. Co-expression of CD173 (H2) and CD174 (Lewis Y) with CD44 suggests that fucosylated histo-blood group antigens are markers of breast cancer-initiating cells. Virchows Arch 2010; 456:403-9. [PMID: 20300773 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-010-0897-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2009] [Revised: 02/10/2010] [Accepted: 02/16/2010] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Histo-blood group antigens CD173 (H2) and CD174 (Lewis Y) are known to be developmentally regulated carbohydrate antigens which are expressed to a varying degree on many human carcinomas. We hypothesized that they might represent markers of cancer-initiating cells (or cancer stem cells, CSC). In order to test this hypothesis, we examined the co-expression of CD173 and CD174 with stem cell markers CD44 and CD133 by flow cytometry analysis, immunocytochemistry, and immunohistochemistry on cell lines and tissue sections from breast cancer. In three breast cancer cell lines, the percentage of CD173(+)/CD44(+) cells ranged from 17% to >60% and of CD174(+)/CD44(+) from 21% to 57%. In breast cancer tissue sections from 15 patients, up to 50% of tumor cells simultaneously expressed CD173, CD174, and CD44 antigens. Co-expression of CD173 and CD174 with CD133 was also observed, but to a lesser percentage. Co-immunoprecipitation and sandwich ELISA experiments on breast cancer cell lines suggested that CD173 and CD174 are carried on the CD44 molecule. The results show that in these tissues CD173 (H2) and CD174 (LeY) are associated with CD44 expression, suggesting that these carbohydrate antigens are markers of cancer-initiating cells or of early progenitors of breast carcinomas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ming Lin
- Laboratory of Molecular and Experimental Pathology, Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of CAS and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 Jiaochang Donglu, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Zou HB, Chen SZ, Wang QY, Liu ZL, Lin WM. [Study on CuO-CeO2 catalysts doped with alkali and alkaline earth metal oxides by in-situ DRIFTS]. Guang Pu Xue Yu Guang Pu Fen Xi 2010; 30:672-676. [PMID: 20496684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
CuO-CeO2 series catalysts are the effective catalysts for the selective CO oxidation in hydrogen-rich gas. The adsorption species on the CuO-CeO2 catalysts doped with alkali and alkaline earth metal oxides were investigated with in situ diffuse reflectance FTIR spectroscopy (in-situ DRIFTS) technique. The results showed that a bane at 2 106 cm(-1), due to the carbonyl species, appeared on the CuO-CeO2 catalysts. In the reaction atmosphere, the intensity of this band increased first and then decreased with increasing the temperatures. It was noted that the main active adsorption sites of the CuO-CeO2 catalysts were Cu+ species. At lower temperatures, the carbonyl species were desorbed from the surface of CuO-CeO2 catalysts in the reversible form, while they were desorbed mainly in the irreversible form at the higher temperatures. A sharp peak at 3 660 cm(-1), attributed to the geminal Ce(OH)2 group, was also apparent on the surface of reduced CuO-CeO2 catalyst. The peaks at 1 568, 2 838 and 2 948 cm(-1) were attributed to formate species and the peaks centered at 1 257 and 1 633 cm(-1) were assigned to carbonate species. CO could react with the active hydroxyl species and generate formate species. At higher temperatures, the C-H bond of formate species could break and form carbonate species. These two species would decrease the performance of CuO-CeO2 catalysts at higher temperatures. The stronger IR peaks attributed to CO2 and formate species were observed, moreover there was still a weak IR peak assigned to carbonyl species for Cu1 Li1 Ce9Odelta catalyst when the temperature was above 180 degrees C. It was shown that as the electron donor, the doping of Li2 O on CuO-CeO2 catalyst could contribute to the irreversible desorption of CO at lower temperatures and inhibit the adsorption of H2 on the catalytic surface, and benefit the formation of formate species as well. Although the amounts of CO adsorption on Cu1 Mg1 Ce9 Odelta and Cu1 Ba1 Ce9 Odelta catalysts were much more than other catalysts at lower temperatures, they were mainly desorbed in the reversible form, which had no contribution to the selective CO oxidation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Han-Bo Zou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Chen SZ, Ye F, Liu ZL, Lin WM. [UV-Vis, FTIR and XRD spectroscopic analysis for the preparation of Pt/CNTs electrocatalysts]. Guang Pu Xue Yu Guang Pu Fen Xi 2009; 29:840-843. [PMID: 19455839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) supported platinum electrocatalyst Pt/CNTs with high dispersion were prepared by a modified ethylene glycol method with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as the stabilizer. UV-Vis, FTIR and XRD spectroscopic analysis methods were used to study the preparation of the electrocatalysts, and the effect of the SDS addition to the ethylene glycol solution on the structure as well as the electrocatalytic activity of the Pt/CNTs electrocatalysts were also investigated. The results showed that PtCl6(2-) could form a complex compound with SDS, and all PtCl6(2-) were completely reduced by ethylene glycol; oxygen containing groups were produced on the surface of CNTs to facilitate the Pt nanoparticle absorption, and no SDS remained on the electrocatalysts; the Pt/CNTs electrocatalysts exhibited face-centered cubic structure; the particle size of Pt/CNTs-2 catalyst prepared by SDS addition was about 4. 5 nm. The CV test results showed that the Pt/CNTs-2 catalyst showed higher methanol electro-oxidation activity compared with Pt/CNTs-1 prepared by traditional ethylene glycol reduction method.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Zhou Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Lin QC, Hao JM, Li JH, Fu LX, Lin WM. [Study on deactivation of Cu/Al-Ce-PILC in the selective catalytic reduction of NO by propylene]. Huan Jing Ke Xue 2007; 28:489-93. [PMID: 17633621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
New pillared clay catalysts were studied for NO removal by hydrocarbon in the presence of oxygen. The purpose of this work is to study the deactivation of Cu/Al-Ce-PILC in the SCR of NO. Montmorillonite was pillared by multi oligomeric hydroxyl cation to synthesize Al-Ce-PILC and treated by (NH4) 2SO4, then it was used as catalyst support. Cu/Al-Ce-PILC catalyst was prepared by impregnation and applied to the SCR of NO by C3 H6. The NO conversion to N2 reached its maximum of 56% at 350 degrees C and decreased to 22% at 700 degrees C. To study the deactivation of Cu/Al-Ce-PILC in the SCR of NO at high temperature, the fresh and post-reaction catalysts were characterized by XPS, TPR, TGA, Py-IR and DSC. The results showed that only Cu+ species existed on the fresh catalyst pretreated in hydrogen, while another species CuO was detected on the post-reaction catalyst. The loss of structural hydroxyl and SO4(2-) on Al-Ce-PILC weakened the surface acidity of the catalyst at high reaction temperature. Furthermore, the coke deposition on the catalyst covered part of the active sites and blocked the pores of the catalyst. The deactivation of Cu/Al-Ce-PILC may be due to the combined effects of CuO formation, the decrease on acidity and the coke deposition, which facilitated propylene combustion and inhibited NO reduction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Chun Lin
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Fang YW, Dong XF, Wang WJ, Xue L, Lin WM. [Determination of molybdenum in supported catalysts by ICP-AES]. Guang Pu Xue Yu Guang Pu Fen Xi 2006; 26:1547-9. [PMID: 17058969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The supported Mo catalysts were pretreated using hydrofluoric acid. Then Mo was determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry(ICP-AES). In the present method, the detection limit of Mo was 8.220 ng x mL(-1), the recovery of standard addition was 102.6%-104.3%, the relative standard deviation (n = 11) was less than 0.860%. The method is efficient, accurate, and easy to operate. Molybdenum in supported catalysts, which were prepared under different conditions, was determined by this method. The results showed that the content of Mo in supported catalysts decreased after preparation. The decreases in the content of Mo were different when the active component concentrations in impregnation solution, and the calcination temperature, changed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Wen Fang
- School of Chemistry and Energy Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Eisenkop SM, Spirtos NM, Lin WM, Rafidi F, Gross GM. Regional blood flow occlusion during extensive pelvic procedures for ovarian cancer: a randomized trial. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2004; 14:699-705. [PMID: 15304173 DOI: 10.1111/j.1048-891x.2004.14426.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the effects of intraoperative aortic occlusion on blood loss and operative time when used during en bloc resection of internal reproductive organs, pelvic peritoneum, and rectosigmoid colon [modified posterior exenteration (MPE)] for primary cytoreduction of ovarian cancer. Patients undergoing MPE, without palpable distal aortic plaque or calcification, were randomized to: (a) complete distal aortic occlusion (</=60 min, with heparin and protamine reversal) with a vascular clamp immediately before MPE, (b) bilateral hypogastric artery occlusion, or (c) no regional blood flow occlusion. Outcomes were compared with respect to blood loss, operative time, and the transfusion rate (anova analysis of variance). Fifty-six patients were accrued. Groups were equivalent with respect to age, disease severity, extent of upper abdominal surgery done, and cytoreductive outcomes. Aortic occlusion significantly reduced the total operative time (P = 0.02), estimated blood loss (P = 0.01), transfusion rate (P = 0.02), hospital stay (P = 0.05), and both operative time (P </= 0.001) and blood loss (P </= 0.001) specifically associated with MPE. There were no immediate or delayed complications due to aortic clamping. Aortic occlusion significantly reduces the blood loss and operative time for patients requiring MPE in the context of primary cytoreductive operations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S M Eisenkop
- Women's Cancer Center: Encino-Tarzana, Tarzana, CA, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Liu X, Lin WM, Yan XH, Chen XH, Hoidal JR, Xu P. Improved method for measurement of human plasma xanthine oxidoreductase activity. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2003; 785:101-14. [PMID: 12535843 DOI: 10.1016/s1570-0232(02)00860-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The XOR activity in human plasma was measured by quantifying the XOR-derived uric acid (UA) in plasma using the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) equipped with a UV detector. Chromatographic separation consisted of the mobile phase (a mixture of 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid in Milli-Q water and 0.085% trifluoroacetic acid in acetonitrile in a mix ratio of 99:1) running through a Zorbax StableBond SB-C(18) column at a flow-rate of 1 ml/min. Deproteinization with heat-treatment of plasma samples after the reaction was used in the assay to avoid splitting of the UA and xanthine peaks caused by acid deproteinization that could interfere the accurate determination of human plasma XOR activity in our case. Based on the examination of the dependence of XOR activity on added amounts of xanthine and reaction times, the amount of xanthine and reaction time for XOR activity assay were determined to prevent the errors caused by the limiting effect of substrates and plateau phase of the reaction. Using this method, human plasma XOR activities of 25 healthy people were measured. The average human plasma XOR activity was 2.1+/-0.8 (x10(-3) U/ml).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- X Liu
- Laboratory of Genomic Physiology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Wang BH, Lu GD, Lin WM, Wang ZH. [Genetic analysis and molecular marker of Avr-Pi1, Avr-Pi2 and Avr-Pi4a of Magnaporthe grisea]. Yi Chuan Xue Bao 2002; 29:820-6. [PMID: 12561231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
The isolate 81278ZB15 is a fertile strain of predominant virulence of Magnaporthe grisea in Fujian province, China. Its rep-PCR (repetitive element-based polymerase chain reaction) DNA fingerprint and virulence spectrum are different from those of GUY11, a hermophrodite. Ascospores of the cross 81278ZB15 and GUY11 were randomly isolated and their virulence was tested on CO39 NILs (near isogenic lines, C101LAC Pi-1, C101A51 Pi-2, C104PKT Pi-3, C101PKT Pi-4a, C105TTP-4L-23 Pi-4b and CO39). The results showed that 81278ZB15 has Avr-Pil, Avr-Pi2, Avr-Pi4a and Avr-Pi4b genes. The segregation of avirulence and virulence on Pi-1, Pi-2, Pi-4a in the progeny fits 1:1, but there were 8 recombinant ascospore progeny in these three avirulence loci. The results suggest that Avr-Pil, Avr-Pi2 and Avr-Pi4a in 81278ZB15 are three tightly linked but independent loci. A 1.2 kb DNA fragment based on rep-PCR fingerprint (RPF1.2) was found to link to these avirulence loci. The genetic distance between RPF1.2 and Avr-Pil, Avr-Pi2, and Avr-Pi4a is estimated to be 5.9 cM, 2.2 cM and 2.2 cM respectively. Furthermore, some progenies are avirulent on Pi-3, CO39 and 8 prognies are virulent on Pi-4b although both parents are virulent on Pi-3, CO39 and avirulent on Pi-4b. The possible causes of irregular recombination were also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Hua Wang
- Plant Protection College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Chien HF, Tseng TJ, Lin WM, Yang CC, Chang YC, Chen RC, Hsieh ST. Quantitative pathology of cutaneous nerve terminal degeneration in the human skin. Acta Neuropathol 2001; 102:455-61. [PMID: 11699558 DOI: 10.1007/s004010100397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Pathological diagnosis of neuropathy has traditionally depended on ultrastructural examinations of nerve biopsy specimens, particularly for sensory neuropathies affecting unmyelinated and small-myelinated nociceptive nerves. These sensory nerves terminate in the epidermis of the skin, and the pathology of neuropathy usually begins from nerve terminals. We investigated the feasibility of diagnosing small-fiber sensory neuropathy by evaluating cutaneous innervation. Skin biopsy specimens of 3-mm in diameter were obtained from the distal leg and the distal forearm of 55 healthy controls and 35 patients with sensory neuropathy. In the healthy controls, conventional intraepidermal nerve fiber densities (IENF densities) as measured using the image analysis system in the distal forearm and in the distal leg were correlated (r=0.55, P<0.0001), with significantly higher values in the distal forearm than in the distal leg (17.07+/-6.51 vs 12.92+/-5.33 fibers/mm, P<0.001). Compared to IENF densities of healthy controls, these values of neuropathic patients were significantly reduced in the distal forearm (5.82+/-6.50 fibers/mm, P<0.01) and in the distal leg (2.40+/-2.30, P<0.001). We further explored the possibility of quantifying skin innervation by counting "ocular intraepidermal nerve fiber density" (ocular nerve fiber density) with no aid of an image analysis system. This was based on the fact that the epidermal length on specifically defined sections was very close to the predicted epidermal length of 3 mm, the diameter of skin punches (P=0.14). Ocular nerve fiber densities were significantly correlated with IENF densities as measured by the image analysis system (r=0.99, P<0.0001). Dermal nerve fibers of neuropathic patients either disappeared or became degenerated. These findings were consistent with the notion of early terminal degeneration in neuropathy, and will facilitate quantitative interpretation of epidermal innervation in human neuropathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H F Chien
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Abstract
Nociceptive nerves innervate the skin and play an important role in the generation of neuropathic pain. However, it remains elusive whether and how nociceptive nerve terminals degenerate in neuropathic pain conditions. To address this issue, we investigated cutaneous innervation in a model of painful mononeuropathy, the chronic constriction injury (CCI). The hind paws of rats were immunocytochemically stained with a pan-axonal marker, protein gene product 9.5 (PGP 9.5). Within 2 days after CCI, rats exhibited thermal hyperalgesia, and there was a partial depletion of epidermal nerves. The extent of reduction in epidermal nerves after CCI was variable with an epidermal nerve density of 3.65 +/- 1.97 fibers/mm (compared to 15.39 +/- 1.58 fibers/mm on the control side, P < 0.02). There was a mild but concomitant increase in PGP 9.5 (+) Langerhans cells in the epidermis of the skin with CCI (10.19 +/- 1.99 vs 7.75 +/- 1.36 cells/mm, P < 0.05). In the skin denervated by tight ligation of the sciatic nerve, epidermal nerves were completely depleted (0 fibers/mm vs. 12.26 +/- 1.44 fibers/mm on the control side, P < 0.001). Animals with tight ligation of the sciatic nerve exhibited thermal anesthesia. These findings suggest that the epidermis is partially denervated in CCI, and that a partial injury of nerves is correlated with the development of neuropathic pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y W Lin
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, 10018, Taiwan
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Huang J, Lin WM, Luo ZY, Xie Y. [Cloning and efficient expression of cytokine human MK in E. coli]. Shi Yan Sheng Wu Xue Bao 2001; 34:143-6. [PMID: 12549108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
For cloning the cytokine human Midkine (MK) gene, we designed by PCgene program and synthesized a pair of PCR specific primers according to the reported human MK cDNA sequence. Total cellular RNA was extracted from a human hepatoblastoma cell line HepG2, and then the target DNA fragment was obtained by RT-PCR and subcloned into plasmid pUC118. Checked with radioisotope sequencing and ABI 377A sequencer, the nucleotide sequence of the cloned MK cDNA was identical with the reported one. A prokaryotic expression vector, named pBV220, was used to express the MK protein efficiently in E. coli strain TG1 and a predicted band of 16.5 kD in Mr by 15% SDS-PAGE was found. The expressed recombinant protein was found in insoluble aggregated form and accounted for about 31.21% of the total cellular proteins. The first 15 N-terminal amino acid sequence analysis of this protein by Edman degradation method showed that it was accordant with that predicted from the cDNA sequence. The activity of neurite outgrowth-promoting of the MK crude samples was tested with brain cells isolated from 18-day embryos of SD rat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Huang
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Abstract
Patients with peripheral neuropathy have symptoms involving small-diameter nociceptive nerves and elevated thermal thresholds. Nociceptive nerves terminate in the epidermis of the skin and are readily demonstrated with the neuronal marker, protein gene product 9.5 (PGP 9.5). To investigate the pathological characteristics of elevated thermal thresholds, we performed PGP 9.5 immunocytochemistry on 3 mm punch skin biopsies (the forearm and the leg) from 55 normal subjects and 35 neuropathic patients. Skin innervation was evaluated by quantifying epidermal nerve densities. Epidermal nerve densities were reduced in neuropathic patients compared to normal subjects. Epidermal nerve densities were variably correlated with thermal thresholds. The proportion of neuropathic patients with reduced epidermal nerve densities was larger than the proportion of neuropathic patients with elevated thermal thresholds. These results indicated that degeneration of epidermal nerve terminals preceded the elevation of thermal thresholds. Skin biopsy together with immunocytochemical demonstration of epidermal innervation offers a new approach to evaluate small-fiber sensory neuropathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C L Pan
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Sherwood JB, Shivapurkar N, Lin WM, Ashfaq R, Miller DS, Gazdar AF, Muller CY. Chromosome 4 deletions are frequent in invasive cervical cancer and differ between histologic variants. Gynecol Oncol 2000; 79:90-6. [PMID: 11006038 DOI: 10.1006/gyno.2000.5922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Patterns of discontinuous deletion of chromosome 4 have been described in histologic variants of lung carcinomas and may represent different "hotspot" targets for gene-environment interactions. Since similar environmental risks exist for cervical cancer, we investigated patterns of discontinuous deletion in two major histologic variants. METHODS Thirteen archival cases of squamous cell cancer (SCCA) and 11 cases of adenocarcinoma (AC) were precisely microdissected. Matched normal and tumor DNA were used for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based loss of heterozygosity (LOH) analyses using 19 polymorphic markers spanning chromosome 4. Human papillomavirus (HPV) detection was determined by PCR using general and type-specific primers (HPV 16, 18). Differences in LOH between histologic tumor types and chromosomal regions were determined using Fisher's exact test. RESULTS Loss at any chromosome 4 locus occurred in 92% of all tumors studied, with the majority of deletions occurring on the long arm of the chromosome. Four discrete minimal regions of discontinuous deletion (R) were identified. For these regions, LOH frequencies were 76% (R1, 4q34-q35), 48% (R2, 4q25-q26), 36% (R3, 4p15.1-p15.3), and 26% (R4, 4p16). Loss in SCCA predominated at 4q (4q34-q35; 83%) and in AC at 4p (4p15.3; 50%). Overall LOH on the p arm was significant in AC (82%) compared to SCCA (31%) (P = 0.02). HPV detection was similar in SCCA (85%) and AC (73%), and HPV 16/18 subtypes were similarly represented in both histologies. CONCLUSIONS Chromosome 4 deletions are frequent in cervical carcinomas. Different patterns of deletion between SCCA and AC may represent gene regions targeted by different gene-environment interactions in these tumor subtypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J B Sherwood
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75235, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Lin WM, Ashfaq R, Michalopulos EA, Maitra A, Gazdar AF, Muller CY. Molecular Papanicolaou tests in the twenty-first century: molecular analyses with fluid-based Papanicolaou technology. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2000; 183:39-45. [PMID: 10920306 DOI: 10.1067/mob.2000.105734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was undertaken to demonstrate the feasibility of performing molecular analyses at the deoxyribonucleic acid, ribonucleic acid and protein levels of cervical cytologic examination with a methanol fluid-based Papanicolaou specimen collection system. STUDY DESIGN Genomic deoxyribonucleic acid and total ribonucleic acid were extracted from cell pellets obtained from the residual fluid-based Papanicolaou specimen collection buffer after clinical processing. Genomic and human papillomavirus deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase chain reaction and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction were performed. Messenger ribonucleic acid transcript analysis and human papillomavirus 16 E6 mutational analysis were also performed. Methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction was used to evaluate hypermethylation status of the p16 gene and the gene for E-cadherin. Immunohistochemical staining for protein expression was performed on the processed monolayer slides. RESULTS Cell pellets from the residual fluid-based cytologic specimen yielded good quality deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid. Molecular analyses of genomic deoxyribonucleic acid were successful for the identification of human papillomavirus E6 and p53 polymorphism status by means of restriction enzyme digestion and direct sequencing. Methylation status of the promotor regions of the p16 tumor suppressor gene and the gene for E-cadherin were also successfully identified. Ribonucleic acid was used as the template for transcript analysis and mutational analysis of the corresponding complementary deoxyribonucleic acid of the p53 gene. Protein expression analysis was demonstrated by immunohistochemical staining for carcinoembryonic antigen. CONCLUSION It is feasible to conduct multiple molecular analyses at the deoxyribonucleic acid, ribonucleic acid, and protein levels of the cervicovaginal cell pellets from the residual fluid-based Papanicolaou cytologic specimen. This relatively simple and widely used collection system will allow significant advances in molecular epidemiology and eventual development of a molecular Papanicolaou test.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W M Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas 75235-9032, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Wei HJ, Chiang HS, Lin WM, Wen JY. Pregnancy after preimplantation genetic diagnosis by fluorescence in situ hybridization using 18-, X-, and Y-chromosome probes in an infertile male with mosaic trisomy 18. J Assist Reprod Genet 2000; 17:229-31. [PMID: 10955248 PMCID: PMC3455470 DOI: 10.1023/a:1009449529957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- H J Wei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Medical College Hospital, Taiwan
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Abstract
To characterize the pathology of epidermal nerve degeneration and regeneration, we investigated temporal and spatial changes in skin innervation of the mouse footpad. Within 24 hours after sciatic nerve axotomy, terminals of epidermal nerves appeared swollen and there was a mild reduction in epidermal nerve density (5.7 +/- 2.8 vs 12.7 +/- 2.2 fibers/mm, p < 0.04). Epidermal nerves completely disappeared by 48 hours (0.2 +/- 0.2 vs 14.2 +/- 0.9 fibers/mm, p < 0.001). Concomitant with the disappearance of epidermal nerves, the immunocytochemical pattern of the subepidermal nerve plexus became fragmented. At the electron microscopic level, the axoplasm of degenerating dermal nerves was distended with organelles and later became amorphous. Beginning from day 28 after axotomy, collateral sprouts from the adjacent saphenous nerve territory extended into the denervated area with a beaded appearance. They never penetrated the epidermal-dermal junction to innervate the epidermis. In contrast, 3 months after nerve crushing, the epidermis on the surgery side resumed a normal innervation pattern as the epidermis on the control side (10.3 +/- 3.9 vs 10.6 +/- 1.5 fibers/mm, p = 0.1). This study demonstrates the characteristics of degenerating and regenerating nerves, and suggests that successful reinnervation mainly originates from regenerating nerves of the original nerve trunks. All these findings provide qualitative and quantitative information for interpreting the pathology of cutaneous nerves.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S T Hsieh
- Department of Anatomy, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Lin WM, Michalopulos EA, Dhurander N, Cheng PC, Robinson W, Ashfaq R, Coleman RL, Muller CY. Allelic loss and microsatellite alterations of chromosome 3p14.2 are more frequent in recurrent cervical dysplasias. Clin Cancer Res 2000; 6:1410-4. [PMID: 10778971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have documented the unpredictable clinical progression or recurrence of cervical dysplasia. Recent studies have shown several molecular changes in cervical cancers and their associated dysplasia. We conducted molecular analyses on a retrospectively ascertained cohort of recurrent and nonrecurrent cervical dysplasia cases in an attempt to define molecular biomarkers to predict progressive or recurrent disease. Cases were chosen if long-term follow-up (3-5 years after conization) and biopsy confirmation were available. Paraffin-embedded, postconization cervical tissues from 19 recurrent and 18 nonrecurrent dysplasias were analyzed. Human papillomavirus (HPV) was identified by PCR for general and type-specific (HPV-16 and HPV-18) primers. Allelotyping analysis was performed by multiplex PCR using a panel of 16 microsatellite markers targeting putative tumor suppressor gene regions on chromosomes 3p, 5p, 6p, 9p, 11q, and 17p. The overall rate of HPV infection was similar in both groups. In the allelotyping analysis, loss of heterozygosity at the fragile histidine triad region in 3p14.2 was significantly higher in the recurrent group than in the nonrecurrent group (P = 0.005). Furthermore, microsatellite alterations (MAs) were more frequent in the recurrent group (mean MA index, 0.254) as compared with the nonrecurrent group (mean MA index, 0.085; P = 0.0025). These findings suggest that HPV status alone does not predict recurrence and that loss of heterozygos. ity at the fragile histidine triad region may represent a potential biomarker in predicting recurrence. Frequent MAs in the recurrent group may represent an underlying genomic instability that creates susceptibility for allelic loss, thus increasing the risk for recurrence or progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W M Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas 75235, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Abstract
We evaluated the influence of skin innervation on the epidermis in mice. The rich innervation of skin was demonstrated by immunocytochemistry with protein gene product 9.5, a ubiquitin carboxy hydrolase. Protein gene product-immunoreactive nerve fibers were in the epidermis, subepidermal plexus, dermal nerve trunks, and nerve terminals around sweat glands. Effects of denervation on the plantar surface of the hind foot was assessed by comparing the thickness of the epidermis, which was innervated by the sciatic nerve. Within 48 h after sectioning of the sciatic nerve, protein gene product (+)-nerves in the territory of the sciatic nerve were completely degenerated. There was a significant thinning of the denervated epidermis 72 h post-transection (30.5+/-1.1 vs 41.4+/-2.9 microm, 74+/-4% of the control side). The reduction in epidermal thickness persisted when skin remained denervated (69-75% of the control side). Incorporation of bromodeoxyuridine was reduced 24 h after denervation (71+/-6% of the control side). Reduction in bromodeoxyuridine-incorporation was most pronounced within 48 h after denervation (19+/-6% of the control side). Therefore, the reduction in bromodeoxyuridine-labeling followed a similar temporal course as the thinning of the epidermis (25-50%). Both epidermal thinning and reduced bromodeoxyuridine-labeling were reversed by epidermal reinnervation three months after denervation. Patterns of keratinocyte differentiation and programmed cell death were unaffected by skin denervation. These findings are consistent with the notion that skin innervation exerts influence on the proliferation of keratinocytes and the thickness of the epidermis, and offers a new look at the interaction between nociceptive nerves and their innervated targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I T Huang
- Department of Anatomy, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Abstract
OBJECTIVE TSG101 was first described as a possible tumor suppressor gene in breast cancer. To determine whether TSG101 might play a role in cervical carcinogenesis, we examined a panel of cervical cancer cell lines and primary tumor specimens for transcript abnormalities and mutations in TSG101. METHODS Total RNA was derived from cell line cultures or primary tumor specimens. We performed nested reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) with eight overlapping primer sets, followed by single-strand conformational polymorphism (SSCP) analysis, to screen for mutations in the TSG101 open reading frame. Representative normal and shifted SSCP bands were sequenced. To identify abnormal-sized transcripts, we performed RT-PCR with primers flanking the open reading frame followed by gel electrophoresis. RESULTS Mutational analysis was performed on cDNAs from 20 primary cervical tumors and 8 cervical carcinoma cell lines. Two polymorphisms were identified, neither of which resulted in an altered amino acid sequence. Transcript analysis was performed on a subset of 16 primary cervix tumors and 6 cervix carcinoma cell lines. The wild-type transcript (1228 bp) was the dominant transcript expressed in all samples. A transcript measuring 330 bp was detected in 5 of 6 cell lines and 11 of 16 primary tumor specimens. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that mutations in TSG101 rarely occur in carcinomas of the uterine cervix. However, the presence of minor aberrant TSG101 transcripts is a common feature. The relationship between aberrant transcription and carcinogenesis should be further investigated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J D O'Boyle
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Nancy B. and Jake L. Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, Texas 75235, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|