1
|
Ulsenheimer BC, Dos Santos MY, Della Flora B, Matarrita DAR, de Avila Botton S, Von Laer AE, Pereira DIB, Fighera RA, Tonin AA. Detection of pathogenic Leptospira spp. in unconventional pets. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2024; 108:102158. [PMID: 38513385 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2024.102158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Leptospirosis is a disease caused by Leptospira spp. responsible for considerable impacts on the public and animal health. In the past two decades, non-domesticated species of pets (unconventional pets) have become popular. However, the role of these unconventional pets on maintaining diseases still unclear. Therefore, the objective of this study was to survey the presence of Leptospira spp. DNA in unconventional pets. Samples of kidney tissues from 29 animals belonging to the Mammalia class (including Orders Carnivora, Lagomorpha and Rodentia) were analyzed for the presence of the gene lipL32. As a result, DNA of pathogenic Leptospira spp. from specie L. interrogans was detected in four (13,80%) of the analyzed samples: three from Oryctolagus cuniculus and one from Mesocricetus auratus. This study highlights the importance of epidemiological surveillance of leptospirosis, as it identified in species of unconventional pets, that may possibly act as reservoirs of Leptospira spp.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Carolina Ulsenheimer
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Brazil; Laboratório de Pesquisa e Diagnóstico em Leptospirose (LABLEPTO), UFSM, Brazil.
| | - Matheus Yuri Dos Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Brazil; Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária - Serviço de Consultoria Diagnóstica Veterinária (SEDIVET), UFSM, Brazil.
| | - Bruna Della Flora
- Laboratório de Pesquisa e Diagnóstico em Leptospirose (LABLEPTO), UFSM, Brazil.
| | | | - Sônia de Avila Botton
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Brazil; Laboratório de Pesquisa e Diagnóstico em Leptospirose (LABLEPTO), UFSM, Brazil.
| | | | - Daniela Isabel Brayer Pereira
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto de Biologia (IB), Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Campus Universitário Capão do Leão, Brazil.
| | - Rafael Almeida Fighera
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Brazil; Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária - Serviço de Consultoria Diagnóstica Veterinária (SEDIVET), UFSM, Brazil.
| | - Alexandre Alberto Tonin
- Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária - Serviço de Consultoria Diagnóstica Veterinária (SEDIVET), UFSM, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Brasil CL, Gonçalves VS, Santos FDS, Rodrigues PRC, Leite FPL, Pereira DIB. Immunomodulatory effect of Lacticaseibacillus casei CB054 supplementation in calves vaccinated against infectious bovine rhinotracheitis. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2024; 269:110726. [PMID: 38341929 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2024.110726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Probiotics are live microorganisms that, confer health benefits to the host when supplemented in adequate amounts. They can promote immunomodulation by inducing phagocyte activity, leukocyte proliferation, antibody production, and cytokine expression. Lactic acid bacteria (BAL) are important probiotic specimens with properties that can improves ruminant nutrition, productivity and immunity. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the immunomodulatory effect of the supplementation with Lacticaseibacillus casei CB054 in calve vaccinated against bovine infectious rhinotracheitis (IBR). Calve were vaccinated with a commercial IBR vaccine, on day 0 and received a booster dose on day 21. L. casei CB054 was orally administered (4 ×109 UFC) for 35 days, while a non-supplemented control group received Phosphate Buffer Saline (PBS). Stimulation of bovine splenocytes with L. casei CB054 markedly enhanced mRNA transcription levels of cytokines IL2, IL4, IL10 and IL17 genes. Calves supplemented with L. casei CB054 showed significantly higher (p < 0.05) specific anti-BoHV-1 IgG levels, higher serum neutralization, as well as higher mRNA transcription for IL2, IL4, IL10 and IL17 genes in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) comparing with control calves. Supplemented calve had an average weight gain of ∼14 kg more than non-supplemented during the experimental period. These results suggest that L. casei CB054 supplementation increase immunogenicity of a commercial IBR vaccine in cattle and improve weight gain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Litchina Brasil
- Instituto de Biologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
| | - Vitória Sequeira Gonçalves
- Biotecnologia - Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico - Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
| | - Francisco Denis Souza Santos
- Biotecnologia - Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico - Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
| | - Paulo Ricardo Centeno Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Virologia e Imunologia Animal, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS 96010-900, Brazil.
| | - Fábio Pereira Leivas Leite
- Instituto de Biologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, RS, Brazil; Biotecnologia - Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico - Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
| | - Daniela Isabel Brayer Pereira
- Instituto de Biologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ianiski LB, Maciel AF, Colla ACN, Braga CQ, Sangioni LA, Pal M, Pereira DIB, Santurio JM, Botton SDA. Pythium insidiosum: In vitro oomicidal evaluation of telithromycin and interactions with azithromycin and amorolfine hydrochloride. J Mycol Med 2024; 34:101460. [PMID: 38266397 DOI: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2024.101460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
This study evaluated the repositioning of the ketolide antibacterial telithromycin (TLT) against the oomycete Pythium insidiosum and verified the combination of TLT and the antimicrobials azithromycin (AZM) and amorolfine hydrochloride (AMR), which have known anti-P. insidiosum activity. Susceptibility tests of P. insidiosum isolates (n = 20) against the drugs were carried out according to CLSI protocol M38-A2, and their combinations were evaluated using the checkerboard microdilution method. The minimum inhibitory concentrations were 0.5-4 µg/mL for TLT, 2-32 µg/mL for AZM, and 16-64 µg/mL for AMR. For the TLT+AZM combination, 52.75 % of interactions were indifferent, 43.44 % were antagonistic, and 9.70 % were synergistic. As for interactions of the TLT+AMR combination, 60.43 % were indifferent, 39.12 % were antagonistic, and 10.44 % synergistic interactions. This study is the first to evaluate the repositioning of the antibacterial TLT against mammalian pathogenic oomycetes, and our results show that its isolated action is superior to its combinations with either AZM or AMR. Therefore, we recommend including TLT in future research to evaluate therapeutic approaches in different clinical forms of human and animal pythiosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lara Baccarin Ianiski
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Laboratório de Saúde Única, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas (PPGCF) e de Medicina Veterinária (PPGMV), Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima N° 1000, Prédio 44, sala 5132, CEP, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Aline Fontanella Maciel
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Laboratório de Saúde Única, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas (PPGCF) e de Medicina Veterinária (PPGMV), Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima N° 1000, Prédio 44, sala 5132, CEP, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Nolasco Colla
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Laboratório de Saúde Única, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas (PPGCF) e de Medicina Veterinária (PPGMV), Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima N° 1000, Prédio 44, sala 5132, CEP, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | | | - Luis Antônio Sangioni
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Laboratório de Saúde Única, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas (PPGCF) e de Medicina Veterinária (PPGMV), Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima N° 1000, Prédio 44, sala 5132, CEP, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Mahendra Pal
- Narayan Consultancy on Veterinary Public Health and Microbiology, Bharuch, India
| | | | - Janio Morais Santurio
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Laboratório de Saúde Única, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas (PPGCF) e de Medicina Veterinária (PPGMV), Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima N° 1000, Prédio 44, sala 5132, CEP, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Sônia de Avila Botton
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Laboratório de Saúde Única, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas (PPGCF) e de Medicina Veterinária (PPGMV), Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Av. Roraima N° 1000, Prédio 44, sala 5132, CEP, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Braga CQ, Zambrano CG, Dos Santos Bermann C, Milech A, Ianiski LB, Soares MP, Pötter L, de Avila Botton S, Pereira DIB. In vitro and ex vivo anti-Pythium insidiosum potential of ozonated sunflower oil. Braz J Microbiol 2024; 55:867-873. [PMID: 37999913 PMCID: PMC10920596 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-023-01173-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
This study sought to evaluate the in vitro and ex vivo susceptibility of Pythium insidiosum to ozonized sunflower oil (OSO) and verify the morphological alterations of OSO-exposed hyphae. Susceptibility assays were performed according to the broth microdilution protocol M38-A2/CLSI, and the minimal inhibitory (MIC) and minimal oomicidal (MOC) concentrations were also determined. Non-ozonated sunflower oil (SO) was used as the oil control. Additionally, kunkers from equine pythiosis were exposed to OSO. Damages caused by OSO and SO on P. insidiosum hyphae ultrastructure were verified using scanning electron microscopy. The MIC range for OSO was 7000 to 437.5 mg/mL, and the values for SO were higher, ranging from 56000 to 14000 mg/mL. The MOC was equal to MIC for both oil formulations. The OSO fully inhibited the oomycete growth from kunkers, although there was P. insidiosum growth in the kunker control in 24 h of incubation. The SEM analyses showed that both OSO and SO caused morphological alterations in P. insidiosum hyphae, highlighting the presence of cavitation along the hyphae with loss of continuity of the cell wall, which was more evident in the OSO-treated hyphae. The OSO had the best oomicidal activity, leading us to believe that our findings may support future research containing this formulation to be applied in integrative medicine protocols to control pythiosis in animals and humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Quintana Braga
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Laboratório de Micologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Campus Universitário Capão Do Leão, Prédio 18, Sala 14, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Cristina Gomes Zambrano
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Laboratório de Micologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Campus Universitário Capão Do Leão, Prédio 18, Sala 14, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Carolina Dos Santos Bermann
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Laboratório de Micologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Campus Universitário Capão Do Leão, Prédio 18, Sala 14, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Angelita Milech
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Laboratório de Micologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Campus Universitário Capão Do Leão, Prédio 18, Sala 14, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Lara Baccarin Ianiski
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária e Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas (PPGCF), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Mauro Pereira Soares
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Faculdade de Veterinária, Laboratório Regional de Diagnostico, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Luciana Pötter
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Departamento de Zootecnia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zootecnia, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Sônia de Avila Botton
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária e Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas (PPGCF), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária (PPGMV), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Daniela Isabel Brayer Pereira
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Laboratório de Micologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Campus Universitário Capão Do Leão, Prédio 18, Sala 14, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Braga CQ, Milech A, dos Santos Bermann C, Ianiski LB, Stibbe PC, de Lemos AB, Bonel J, de Avila Botton S, Pereira DIB. Exposure of Culex quinquefasciatus to the oomycete Pythium insidiosum: A protocol for in vitro studies. Fungal Biol 2023; 127:969-974. [PMID: 37024156 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2023.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
Pythium insidiosum causes pythiosis, an infection that affects different species of mammals, including humans, and inhabits marshy ecosystems of tropical, subtropical, and temperate regions worldwide. Therefore, this study proposes a protocol to expose Culex quinquefasciatus to P. insidiosum zoospores. Cx. quinquefasciatus immatures (eggs, larvae, and pupae) were exposed to zoospores (8x103 zoospores/mL) of the oomycete for 24 h. The exposure of Cx. quinquefasciatus to the zoospores from L1 to the emergence of adults was evaluated, and P. insidiosum detection was performed by microbiological culture, polymerase chain reaction, and histopathological analysis of stage 4 larvae. The protocol used to produce Cx. quinquefasciatus colonies and adapted for this study proved viable for research on the interaction between P. insidiosum and this Culicidae species. Moreover, P. insidiosum presence was evident in all larval stages of the mosquito, although the presence of the oomycete was not detected in the eggs, pupae, and adults. This study is a pioneer in the development of a protocol to evaluate Cx. quinquefasciatus exposure to P. insidiosum zoospores, and under experimental conditions, P. insidiosum can establish itself in Cx. quinquefasciatus larval stages. The developed protocol is expected to serve as a basis for developing studies to evaluate the interactions of P. insidiosum with these mosquitoes and shed more light on the participation of culicids in expanding the ecological niche of P. insidiosum.
Collapse
|
6
|
Bermann CDS, Braga CQ, Ianiski LB, Botton SDA, Pereira DIB. Cryptococcosis in domestic and wild animals: A review. Med Mycol 2023; 61:7028776. [PMID: 36746435 DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myad016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cryptococcosis is a fungal disease of public health relevance that affects numerous animal species and humans, causing respiratory and neurological impairment. Hence, we conducted a systematic review that included publications from 1975 to 2021 and covered 132 articles that addressed reports of cryptococcosis in domestic and wild animals, its main clinical manifestations, pathological findings, etiology, diagnosis, and therapeutic protocols. We found that the highest number of reports of cryptococcosis is in domestic species, especially cats. Among the wild and/or exotic animals, koalas and ferrets are the most affected, being important carriers of Cryptococcus spp. Pulmonary and neurological involvement is predominant in all species, although nonspecific clinical manifestations have been reported in various species, making clinical suspicion and diagnosis difficult. The countries with the most reports are Australia, the United States, Brazil, and Canada, with C. gattii VGI and VGII standing out. The therapies were based on azoles, amphotericin B, and 5-flucytosine, although there is no standard treatment protocol. Although, several diagnostic methods have been described, in a significant number of reports the diagnosis was made after a necropsy. Professionals are warned about diverse and nonspecific clinical manifestations in different animal species, which underlines the importance of cryptococcosis in the differential diagnosis in clinical practice. Furthermore, it is necessary to encourage the use of laboratory and molecular tools to improve the diagnosis of cryptococcosis. We also emphasize the urgent need for standardized therapeutic protocols to guide veterinary clinicians.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Dos Santos Bermann
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Laboratório de Micologia. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Caroline Quintana Braga
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Laboratório de Micologia. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Lara Baccarin Ianiski
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas (PPGCF), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Sônia de Avila Botton
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas (PPGCF), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.,Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária (PPGMV), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Daniela Isabel Brayer Pereira
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Laboratório de Micologia. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ianiski LB, Maciel AF, Weiblen C, Stibbe PC, de Oliveira HP, da Costa MM, Sangioni LA, Pereira DIB, Santurio JM, Botton SDA. Oomicidal activity of polypyrrole nanoparticles against Pythium insidiosum. Lett Appl Microbiol 2023; 76:6896294. [PMID: 36688756 DOI: 10.1093/lambio/ovac020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated in-vitro action of a new molecule, the polypyrrole nanoparticles (Ppy-NP), against Pythium insidiosum isolates using M38-A2/CLSI; the minimal inhibitory (MIC) and minimal oomicidal (MOC) concentrations were also determined. Additionally, changes in the hyphae wall of P. insidiosum CBS 575.85 treated with Ppy-NP were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The MIC100 and MOC for all isolates ranged from 8 to 32 μg mL-1, and the MIC90 and MIC50 were 16 μg mL-1. The SEM showed structural damage to the hyphae of P. insidisoum treated with Ppy-NP, as hyphae surfaces with less turgidity were found, thereby showing scaling and ruptures compared to the control (untreated hyphae). Our findings highlighted the anti-P. insidiosum properties of Ppy-NP proved to be a promising candidate for research using pythiosis experimental models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Carla Weiblen
- Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões (URI), Santiago, RS 97711-500, Brasil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Silveira JDS, Braga CQ, Bermann CDS, Ianiski LB, Bruhn FRP, Botton SDA, Pereira DIB. Anti-Pythium insidiosum activity of bioactive compounds from medicinal plants. Lett Appl Microbiol 2023; 76:6896315. [PMID: 36688757 DOI: 10.1093/lambio/ovac019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Pythiosis is a serious disease caused by the aquatic oomycete Pythium insidiosum that mainly affects mammals. Unlike fungal and bacterial resistance induced by the indiscriminate use of drugs, P. insidiosum has low susceptibility to antifungal drugs. In this sense, essential oils and their major components emerge as a promising treatment line for this disease. Given the above, this study sought to verify P. insidiosum (n = 34) susceptibility to the bioactive compounds eugenol, α-terpineol, menthol, and carvacrol and correlate them with the respective essential oils of Eugenia caryophyllata, Melaleuca alternifolia, Mentha piperita, and Origanum vulgare. The essential oils and bioactive compounds were purchased commercially and tested according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute protocol M38-A2. Our findings showed that eugenol, α-terpineol, and carvacrol had superior anti-P. insidiosum action than their respective essential oils, suggesting that they may be responsible for inhibitory activity against P. insidiosum. Notably, the major compound with the best anti-P. insidiosum activity was α-terpineol; nonetheless, menthol showed less activity than its essential oil. The results imply that essential oils and their major compounds may be important allies in treating pythiosis, expanding the perspectives of developing new drugs with anti-P. insidiosum activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Júlia de Souza Silveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Laboratório de Micologia, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, RS 96160-000, Brazil
| | - Caroline Quintana Braga
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Laboratório de Micologia, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, RS 96160-000, Brazil
| | - Carolina Dos Santos Bermann
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Laboratório de Micologia, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, RS 96160-000, Brazil
| | - Lara Baccarin Ianiski
- Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | | | - Sônia de Avila Botton
- Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Daniela Isabel Brayer Pereira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Laboratório de Micologia, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, RS 96160-000, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ely VL, Felipetto Cargnelutti J, Segabinazzi Ries A, Gressler LT, Costa S, Braz PH, Pötter L, Matiuzzi da Costa M, Gomes da Silva Júnior F, Pequeno de Oliveira H, Sangioni LA, Brayer Pereira DI, de Avila Botton S. Prototheca bovis in goats: Experimental mastitis and treatment with polypyrrole. Microb Pathog 2023; 174:105950. [PMID: 36528325 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Prototheca bovis has been associated with several cases of mastitis in cattle but no record of intramammary infections has been reported in goats. This infection does not respond to available treatments and the disposal recommendation of affected animals cause great damage to the dairy industry. Alternatives for dealing with infections caused by Prototheca spp. are required worldwide. In vitro results suggest polypyrrole as promising molecule for combating this alga, because an algaecide effect was observed on tested Prototheca spp. isolates. Thus, this study evaluated goats as an experimental model for intramammary infection by P. bovis and a protocol for treating these animals with an intramammary polypyrrole solution. The possibility of P. bovis promoting an intramammary infection in goats was experimentally proven, demonstrating this species as an important model for studies involving algae mastitis. Furthermore, polypyrrole reduced the counts of Prototheca sp. in the analyzed samples, showing potential to fight this microorganism also in vivo. The results obtained in this study demonstrate the ability of P. bovis to colonize breast tissue in lactating goats and the highly soluble molecule of polypyrrole has potential use for the treatment of protothecosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valessa Lunkes Ely
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, Prédio 44 (CCRII), Sala 5132, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Juliana Felipetto Cargnelutti
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, Prédio 44 (CCRII), Sala 5132, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Ananda Segabinazzi Ries
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, Prédio 44 (CCRII), Sala 5132, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Letícia Trevisan Gressler
- Instituto Federal Farroupilha, Campus Frederico Westphalen, Linha 7 de Setembro, BR 386 - KM 40 s/n, Frederico Westphalen, RS, 98400-000, Brazil
| | - Samay Costa
- Instituto Federal Farroupilha, Campus Frederico Westphalen, Linha 7 de Setembro, BR 386 - KM 40 s/n, Frederico Westphalen, RS, 98400-000, Brazil
| | - Paulo Henrique Braz
- Instituto Federal Farroupilha, Campus Frederico Westphalen, Linha 7 de Setembro, BR 386 - KM 40 s/n, Frederico Westphalen, RS, 98400-000, Brazil
| | - Luciana Pötter
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Zootecnia, Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, Prédio 44 (CCRII), Sala 5132, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Mateus Matiuzzi da Costa
- Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Rodovia BR 407 - Km 12, Lote 543, Projeto Irrigação Senador Nilo Coelho s/nº, Petrolina, CEP 56300-990, Brazil
| | - Fernando Gomes da Silva Júnior
- Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Rodovia BR 407 - Km 12, Lote 543, Projeto Irrigação Senador Nilo Coelho s/nº, Petrolina, CEP 56300-990, Brazil
| | - Helinando Pequeno de Oliveira
- Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Rodovia BR 407 - Km 12, Lote 543, Projeto Irrigação Senador Nilo Coelho s/nº, Petrolina, CEP 56300-990, Brazil
| | - Luis Antonio Sangioni
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, Prédio 44 (CCRII), Sala 5132, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Daniela Isabel Brayer Pereira
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Instituto de Biologia, Campus Capão do Leão s/n, Capão do Leão, RS, 96160-000, Brazil
| | - Sônia de Avila Botton
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000, Prédio 44 (CCRII), Sala 5132, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Bermann CDS, Braga CQ, Silveira JDS, Milech A, dos Santos CC, Ianiski LB, Maciel AF, Brod AD, Weiblen C, Botton SDA, Pereira DIB. Tremellomycetes isolated from organs of Columba livia Tremellomycetes isolated from domestic pigeons. Med Mycol 2022; 60:6849564. [DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myac093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Brain, lungs and intestines of Columba livia captured in Brazil were analyzed for research of Tremellomycetes. Mycological culture presented the growth of colonies suggestive of Cryptococcus spp. in 11.60% (13/112) of the samples. Microscopy revealed capsulated yeast cells. Molecular analysis evidenced Papiliotrema flavescens, Naganishia diffluens, Filobasidium magnum, and Naganishia randhawae. Thermotolerance of Tremellomycetes isolates from brain and lung (n = 10) evidenced cell growth and viability at 37°C. At 42°C/24 h, these isolates showed viability, except for one P. flavescens isolate. Here, we report the first isolation of Tremellomycetes species from brain and lung of healthy C. livia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina dos Santos Bermann
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Laboratório de Micologia , Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Caroline Quintana Braga
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Laboratório de Micologia , Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Júlia de Souza Silveira
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Laboratório de Micologia , Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Angelita Milech
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Laboratório de Micologia , Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Carolina Caetano dos Santos
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Laboratório de Micologia , Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Lara Baccarin Ianiski
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva , Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Augusto Duarte Brod
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Laboratório de Micologia , Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Carla Weiblen
- Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões (URI) , Santiago, RS, Brazil
| | - Sônia de Avila Botton
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva , Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária, RS, Brazil
| | - Daniela Isabel Brayer Pereira
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Laboratório de Micologia , Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Stibbe PC, Ianiski LB, Weiblen C, Maciel AF, Machado ML, da Silveira TL, Soares FAA, Santurio JM, Soares MP, Pereira DIB, Sangioni LA, de Avila Botton S. Mefenoxam and pyraclostrobin: toxicity and in vitro inhibitory activity against Pythium insidiosum. Lett Appl Microbiol 2022; 75:1383-1388. [PMID: 35971818 DOI: 10.1111/lam.13808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study to verify in vitro susceptibility of Pythium insidiosum against the agricultural fungicides mefenoxam and pyraclostrobin and evaluate toxicity of both compounds. Twenty-one P. insidiosum isolates were tested against mefenoxam and pyraclostrobin using the broth microdilution method. Minimum inhibitory and oomicidal concentrations for both compounds were established. Additionally, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was performed on P. insidiosum hyphae treated with the sublethal concentration of each fungicide. The toxicity of the compounds was evaluated in vivo Caenorhabditis elegans model. The concentration to inhibit 100% of P. insidiosum growth ranged from 0.625 to 10 μg ml-1 for mefenoxam and from 0.019 to 5 μg ml-1 for pyraclostrobin. The SEM analysis revealed changes on the surface of the hyphae treated with the fungicides, suggesting possible damage caused by these compounds. There was no evidence of toxicity in vivo models. Mefenoxam and pyraclostrobin did not show toxicity at the doses evaluated and have inhibitory effects on the pathogenic oomycete P. insidiosum. However, further evaluations of their pharmacokinetics and toxicity in different animal species and possible pharmacological interactions are necessary to infer a possible use in the clinical management of pythiosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Carla Weiblen
- Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões (URI), Santiago, RS, Brasil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Mauro Pereira Soares
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Instituto de Biologia, Pelotas, RS, Brasil
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ulsenheimer BC, Pereira DIB, Dos Santos HF, von Laer AE, Tonin AA, da Costa MM, Sangioni LA, de Avila Botton S. General biosafety measures for laboratory environments, outpatient clinics, medical centers, and veterinary hospitals during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Braz J Microbiol 2022; 53:1715-1721. [PMID: 35352318 PMCID: PMC8962927 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-022-00734-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to guide professionals working in veterinary laboratories, outpatient clinics, medical centers, and hospitals regarding the biosafety measures that should be adopted during the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic. While the population is not yet fully immunized by vaccines, the adoption of biosafety measures is essential to control the spread of circulating strains of the new coronavirus. Thus, the importance of professionals and collaborators following biosafety guidelines in different veterinary work environments is highlighted. The main protocols on biosafety to be adopted include frequent handwashing with water and soap or using 70% alcohol-based hand sanitizers, using personal protective equipment (PPE) (including gloves, lab coat, face mask), avoiding the contact of the hands with mucous membranes (eyes, nose and mouth), not sharing personal objects, keeping environments clean and well ventilated, social distancing of 1.5 m between individuals, and maintaining objects and surfaces regularly clean throughout the work environment. The transformation of work processes, such as various biosafety practices, is necessary within the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and improves the safety of professionals in their work environment and other people and animals, decreasing contamination risks in order to reduce the spread of this viral agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Carolina Ulsenheimer
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Veterinária (PPGMV), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva (DMVP), Centro de Ciências Rurais (CCR), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Prédio 44, Sala 5125/5132, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul (RS), CEP 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Daniela Isabel Brayer Pereira
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto de Biologia (IB), Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Travessa André Dreyfus, s/nº. Campus Universitário Capão do Leão. Prédios 18 e 25, Capão do Leão, RS, CEP 96010-900, Brazil
| | - Helton Fernandes Dos Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Veterinária (PPGMV), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva (DMVP), Centro de Ciências Rurais (CCR), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Prédio 44, Sala 5125/5132, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul (RS), CEP 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Ana Eucares von Laer
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia (DMIP), Laboratório de Diagnóstico e Pesquisa em Leptospirose (LabLepto), Centro de Ciências da Saúde (CCS), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Prédio 20, 2° andar, Sala 4235, Santa Maria, RS, CEP 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Alberto Tonin
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Amazonas (IFAM), Avenida Cosme Ferreira, 8045 - São José Operário. Campus Manaus (Zona Leste), Manaus, Amazonas, CEP 69083-000, Brazil
| | - Mateus Matiuzzi da Costa
- Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco (UNIVASF), Campus Ciências Agrárias, Rodovia BR-407, KM 12 Lote 543 s/n. Projeto de Irrigação Nilo Coelho, Petrolina, Pernambuco, CEP 56300-000, Brazil
| | - Luís Antonio Sangioni
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Veterinária (PPGMV), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva (DMVP), Centro de Ciências Rurais (CCR), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Prédio 44, Sala 5125/5132, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul (RS), CEP 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Sônia de Avila Botton
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Veterinária (PPGMV), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva (DMVP), Centro de Ciências Rurais (CCR), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Prédio 44, Sala 5125/5132, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul (RS), CEP 97105-900, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ely VL, Pereira DIB, da Costa MM, Panagio L, Nakasato G, Reis G, Cargnelutti JF, Sangioni LA, de Avila Botton S. Activity of biogenic silver nanoparticles against isolates of
Prototheca
species from bovine mastitis. Lett Appl Microbiol 2022; 75:24-28. [DOI: 10.1111/lam.13696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Valessa Lunkes Ely
- Programa de Pós‐graduação em Medicina Veterinária (PPGMV) Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva (DMVP) Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM). Av. Roraima 1000 Prédio 44 Sala 5125 Bairro Camobi Santa Maria RS Brasil
| | - Daniela Isabel Brayer Pereira
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia Instituto de Biologia Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel) Prédio 18 Sala 14 Campus Universitário Capão do Leão s/nº CEP 96160‐000 Brasil
| | - Mateus Matiuzzi da Costa
- Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco (UNIVASF) Projeto Irrigação Senador Nilo Coelho s/nº Rodovia BR 407 ‐ Km 12, Lote 543 Petrolina CEP 56300‐990 Brasil
| | - Luciano Panagio
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL) Centro de Ciências Biológicas Departamento de Microbiologia Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid Paraná 445 Km 380, Campus Universitário 86051990 Londrina Brasil
| | - Gerson Nakasato
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL) Centro de Ciências Biológicas Departamento de Microbiologia Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid Paraná 445 Km 380, Campus Universitário 86051990 Londrina Brasil
| | - Guilherme Reis
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL) Centro de Ciências Biológicas Departamento de Microbiologia Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid Paraná 445 Km 380, Campus Universitário 86051990 Londrina Brasil
| | - Juliana Felipetto Cargnelutti
- Programa de Pós‐graduação em Medicina Veterinária (PPGMV) Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva (DMVP) Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM). Av. Roraima 1000 Prédio 44 Sala 5125 Bairro Camobi Santa Maria RS Brasil
| | - Luís Antônio Sangioni
- Programa de Pós‐graduação em Medicina Veterinária (PPGMV) Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva (DMVP) Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM). Av. Roraima 1000 Prédio 44 Sala 5125 Bairro Camobi Santa Maria RS Brasil
| | - Sônia de Avila Botton
- Programa de Pós‐graduação em Medicina Veterinária (PPGMV) Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva (DMVP) Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM). Av. Roraima 1000 Prédio 44 Sala 5125 Bairro Camobi Santa Maria RS Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
de Souza Silveira J, Brasil CL, Braga CQ, da Silva Moreira Â, Franz HC, Zamboni R, Sallis ES, Albano AP, Zambrano CG, Araujo LC, de Bona da Silva C, Pötter L, de Avila Botton S, Pereira DIB. Melaleuca alternifolia formulations in the treatment of experimental pythiosis. Braz J Microbiol 2022; 53:1011-1017. [PMID: 35239152 PMCID: PMC9151964 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-022-00720-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Essential oils (EO) are aromatic compounds from the plant secondary metabolism. Melaleuca alternifolia EO is well known for its medicinal properties and promising use as an antimicrobial agent. Pythiosis is a difficult-to-treat and emerging disease caused by the oomycete Pythium insidiosum. This study evaluated a nanoemulsion formulation of M. alternifolia (NEMA) in topical and intralesional application to treat experimental pythiosis. Dermal toxicity tests were performed on M. alternifolia EO in Wistar rats. Pythiosis was reproduced in rabbits (n = 9) that were divided into groups: group 1 (control), cutaneous lesions with daily topical application of a non-ionizable gel-based formulation and intralesional application of sterile distilled water every 48 h; group 2 (topical formulation), lesions treated daily with topical application of a non-ionizable gel-based formulation containing 5 mg/ml of NEMA; and group 3 (intralesional formulation), lesions treated with NEMA at 5 mg/ml in aqueous solution applied intralesionally/48 h. The animals were treated for 45 days, and the subcutaneous lesion areas were measured every 5 days. M. alternifolia EO showed no dermal toxicity. The lesion areas treated with intralesional NEMA reduced at the end of treatment, differing from groups 1 and 2 (P < 0.05). In the topically treated group, the lesion areas did not differ from the control group, although the number of hyphae significantly reduced (P < 0.05). Under the experimental conditions of this study, the NEMA formulations presented a favorable safety profile. However, further studies are required to evaluate if this safety applies to higher concentrations of NEMA and to validate its use in clinical pythiosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Júlia de Souza Silveira
- grid.411221.50000 0001 2134 6519Programa de Pós Graduação em Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Laboratório de Micologia, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Prédio 18, Sala 14. Campus Universitário Capão do Leão, s/n◦, Pelotas, RS CEP: 96160-000 Brazil
| | - Carolina Litchina Brasil
- grid.411221.50000 0001 2134 6519Programa de Pós Graduação em Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Laboratório de Micologia, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Prédio 18, Sala 14. Campus Universitário Capão do Leão, s/n◦, Pelotas, RS CEP: 96160-000 Brazil
| | - Caroline Quintana Braga
- grid.411221.50000 0001 2134 6519Programa de Pós Graduação em Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Laboratório de Micologia, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Prédio 18, Sala 14. Campus Universitário Capão do Leão, s/n◦, Pelotas, RS CEP: 96160-000 Brazil
| | - Ândrios da Silva Moreira
- grid.411221.50000 0001 2134 6519Programa de Pós Graduação em Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Laboratório de Micologia, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Prédio 18, Sala 14. Campus Universitário Capão do Leão, s/n◦, Pelotas, RS CEP: 96160-000 Brazil
| | - Helen Cabaldi Franz
- grid.411239.c0000 0001 2284 6531Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS Brazil
| | - Rosimeri Zamboni
- grid.411221.50000 0001 2134 6519Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS Brazil
| | - Eliza Simone Sallis
- grid.411221.50000 0001 2134 6519Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Albano
- grid.411221.50000 0001 2134 6519Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS Brazil
| | - Cristina Gomes Zambrano
- grid.411221.50000 0001 2134 6519Programa de Pós Graduação em Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Laboratório de Micologia, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Prédio 18, Sala 14. Campus Universitário Capão do Leão, s/n◦, Pelotas, RS CEP: 96160-000 Brazil
| | - Lara Colles Araujo
- grid.411239.c0000 0001 2284 6531Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS Brazil
| | - Cristiane de Bona da Silva
- grid.411239.c0000 0001 2284 6531Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS Brazil
| | - Luciana Pötter
- grid.411239.c0000 0001 2284 6531Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS Brazil
| | - Sônia de Avila Botton
- grid.411239.c0000 0001 2284 6531Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS Brazil
| | - Daniela Isabel Brayer Pereira
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Laboratório de Micologia, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Prédio 18, Sala 14. Campus Universitário Capão do Leão, s/n◦, Pelotas, RS, CEP: 96160-000, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ianiski LB, Stibbe PC, Denardi LB, Weiblen C, Soares MP, Valente JDSS, Sangioni LA, Pereira DIB, Santurio JM, Botton SDA. In vitro anti-Pythium insidiosum activity of amorolfine hydrochloride and azithromycin, alone and in combination. Med Mycol 2021; 59:67-73. [PMID: 32400872 DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myaa032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pythium insidiosum infections have been widely studied in an attempt to develop an effective therapeutic protocol for the treatment of human and animal pythiosis. Several antifungal agents are still prescribed against this oomycete, although they present contradictory results. To evaluate the susceptibility profile and to verify the morphological alterations in P. insidiosum isolates treated with amorolfine hydrochloride and azithromycin, alone or in combination. Susceptibility tests for P. insidiosum isolates (n = 20) against amorolfine hydrochloride (AMR) and azithromycin (AZM) were performed according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institutes (CLSI) protocol M38-A2. Combinations of both drugs were evaluated using the checkerboard microdilution method. Additionally, transmission and scanning electron microscopy were performed in order to verify the morphological alterations in P. insidiosum isolates in response to these drugs. All P. insidiosum isolates had a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranging from 16 to 64 mg/l and 8 to 64 mg/l for amorolfine hydrochloride and azithromycin, respectively. Synergistic interactions between the drugs were not observed, with antagonism in 59.8% of isolates, and indifferent interactions in 36.2%. Electron microscopy showed changes in the surface of P. insidiosum hyphae, disorganization of intracellular organelles, and changes in the plasma membrane and cell wall of oomycetes treated with the drugs. This is the first study to demonstrate in vitro anti-P. insidiosum effect of amorolfine hydrochloride. These results indicate the therapeutic potential of this drug against cutaneous and subcutaneous forms of pythiosis, but further studies are necessary to confirm this potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lara Baccarin Ianiski
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Centro de Ciências da Saúde (CCS), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.,UFSM, CCS, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Laboratório de Pesquisas Micológicas, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Paula Cristina Stibbe
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Centro de Ciências da Saúde (CCS), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.,UFSM, CCS, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Laboratório de Pesquisas Micológicas, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Laura Bedin Denardi
- UFSM, CCS, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Laboratório de Pesquisas Micológicas, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Carla Weiblen
- UFSM, CCS, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Laboratório de Pesquisas Micológicas, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.,UFSM, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Mauro Pereira Soares
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Faculdade de Veterinária, Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico. Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Julia de Souza Silveira Valente
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia. Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Luís Antônio Sangioni
- UFSM, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Daniela Isabel Brayer Pereira
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia. Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Sônia de Avila Botton
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Centro de Ciências da Saúde (CCS), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.,UFSM, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Ely VL, Costa MMD, Oliveira HPD, Silva Júnior FAGD, Pereira DIB, Soares MP, Vargas ACD, Sangioni LA, Cargnelutti JF, Ribeiro MG, Botton SDA. In vitro algicidal effect of polypyrrole on Prototheca species isolates from bovine mastitisAlgicidal activity of polypyrrole on Prototheca spp. Med Mycol 2021; 58:1114-1119. [PMID: 32364239 DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myaa021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Algae of the genus Prototheca are microorganisms involved in the occurrence of diseases in humans and animals. In bovine species, Prototheca spp. cause environmental mastitis, productive losses in dairy herds, mainly leading to the discard of infected cows. Currently, there are no effective anti-Prototheca spp. drugs to combat this infection. Thus, the search for an efficacious therapy for Prototheca spp. infections have become essential. Highly soluble polypyrrole (Ppy) is a molecule with known antimicrobial activity. This study aimed to characterize Prototheca spp. isolates from bovine mastitis as well as to evaluate the susceptibility profile and to verify the morphological alterations on Prototheca spp. isolates treated with Ppy. In this research, 36 Brazilian isolates of Prototheca spp. were characterized by restriction fragment length polymorphism polymerase chain reaction (RFLP-PCR) assay for the mitochondrial cytB gene. Additionally, Ppy algicidal activity against these isolates of Prototheca spp. was assessed by minimal microbicidal concentration method in microplates. Further, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was performed in order to verify the morphological alterations on Prototheca spp. isolates in response to Ppy. The isolates were characterized as belonging to Prototheca zopfii genotype 2 (35/36) and Prototheca blaschkeae (1/36). Ppy had an algicidal effect on all isolates tested at concentrations ranging from 15.625 μg ml-1 to 62.5 μg ml-1. SEM showed changes on planktonic and sessile P. zopfii, including a decrease of the number of cells with the presence of an amorphous substance involving the cells. The algicidal activity of Ppy suggests the therapeutic potential of this molecule in the prevention and treatment of Prototheca spp. in bovine mastitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valessa Lunkes Ely
- Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Medicine (PPGMV), Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine (DMVP), Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM). Av. Roraima, 1000, Prédio 44, Sala 5007, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Mateus Matiuzzi da Costa
- Federal University of São Francisco Valley, Rodovia BR 407 - Km 12, Lote 543, Projeto Irrigação Senador Nilo Coelho s/n°, Petrolina, CEP 56300-990, Brazil
| | - Helinando Pequeno de Oliveira
- Federal University of São Francisco Valley, Rodovia BR 407 - Km 12, Lote 543, Projeto Irrigação Senador Nilo Coelho s/n°, Petrolina, CEP 56300-990, Brazil
| | - Fernando Antonio Gomes da Silva Júnior
- Federal University of São Francisco Valley, Rodovia BR 407 - Km 12, Lote 543, Projeto Irrigação Senador Nilo Coelho s/n°, Petrolina, CEP 56300-990, Brazil
| | - Daniela Isabel Brayer Pereira
- Departament of Microbiology and Parasitology, Instituto de Biologia, Federal University of Pelotas, Prédio 18, Sala 14. Campus Universitário Capão do Leão, s/n°, CEP 96160-000, Brazil
| | - Mauro Pereira Soares
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Pelotas, Campus Universitário Capão do Leão, s/n°, CEP 96160-000, Brazil
| | - Agueda Castagna de Vargas
- Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Medicine (PPGMV), Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine (DMVP), Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM). Av. Roraima, 1000, Prédio 44, Sala 5007, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Luís Antônio Sangioni
- Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Medicine (PPGMV), Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine (DMVP), Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM). Av. Roraima, 1000, Prédio 44, Sala 5007, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Juliana Felipetto Cargnelutti
- Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Medicine (PPGMV), Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine (DMVP), Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM). Av. Roraima, 1000, Prédio 44, Sala 5007, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Márcio Garcia Ribeiro
- Department of Veterinary Hygiene and Public Health, São Paulo State University - UNESP, CEP 18618-681, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Sônia de Avila Botton
- Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Medicine (PPGMV), Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine (DMVP), Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM). Av. Roraima, 1000, Prédio 44, Sala 5007, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Baptista CT, Moreira ADS, Maia Filho FDS, Valente JDSS, Pinto NB, Trindade Junior WPD, Braga CQ, Pötter L, Pereira DIB. Purpureocillium lilacinum and Trichoderma virens for biological control of trichostrongylid parasites of sheep: an in vitro evaluation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 29:e006120. [PMID: 33084781 DOI: 10.1590/s1984-29612020085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The study evaluated the ovicidal activity of enzymatic extracts of Purpureocillium lilacinum and Trichoderma virens against trichostrongylid eggs from sheep. Filtered extract (FE) and macerated crude extract (MCE) were prepared from fungal cultures in minimal broth. In the experiment, 100 trichostrongylid eggs, obtained from the feces of naturally infected sheep, were exposed to fungal extracts for 24 and 48 hours/25°C. In the control group, eggs were incubated in minimal broth. The number of L1 larvae was ascertained. Each treatment consisted of four repetitions and the experiment was repeated five times. It was observed that the effect of FE and MCE of P. lilacinum and T. virens on egg hatchability differed from that of the control group. MCE of T. virens and P. lilacinum showed higher ovicidal activity than FE over both periods and at 48 hours of exposure, respectively. From the percentage reductions in hatchability of the eggs, MCE was shown to be superior to FE for both fungi. This study demonstrated the ovicidal potential of these fungi against trichostrongylid eggs. However, further studies are needed in order to identify the molecules responsible for the ovicidal effects, and to evaluate the behavior of fungal extracts in biotic and abiotic interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristiane Telles Baptista
- Laboratório de Micologia, Programa de Pós-graduação em Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, Pelotas, RS, Brasil
| | - Andrios da Silva Moreira
- Laboratório de Micologia, Programa de Pós-graduação em Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, Pelotas, RS, Brasil
| | - Fernando de Souza Maia Filho
- Laboratório de Micologia, Programa de Pós-graduação em Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, Pelotas, RS, Brasil
| | - Júlia de Souza Silveira Valente
- Laboratório de Micologia, Programa de Pós-graduação em Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, Pelotas, RS, Brasil
| | - Natália Berne Pinto
- Laboratório de Helmintologia, Programa de Pós-graduação em Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, Pelotas, RS, Brasil
| | - Waldenis Pereira da Trindade Junior
- Laboratório de Micologia, Programa de Pós-graduação em Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, Pelotas, RS, Brasil
| | - Caroline Quintana Braga
- Laboratório de Micologia, Programa de Pós-graduação em Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, Pelotas, RS, Brasil
| | - Luciana Pötter
- Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria - UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
| | - Daniela Isabel Brayer Pereira
- Laboratório de Micologia, Programa de Pós-graduação em Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, Pelotas, RS, Brasil.,Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas - UFPel, Pelotas, RS, Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Valente JDSS, Brasil CL, Braga CQ, Zamboni R, Sallis ESV, Albano APN, Zambrano CG, Franz HC, Pötter L, Panagio LA, Reis GF, Botton SDA, Pereira DIB. Biogenic silver nanoparticles in the treatment of experimental pythiosis Bio-AgNP in pythiosis therapy. Med Mycol 2020; 58:913-918. [PMID: 32030424 DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myz141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pythiosis is a rapidly progressing disease that can be lethal to affected individuals due to resistance to available therapeutic protocols. The disease affects mammals, with the largest number of reports in horses and humans. The present study investigated the activity of biogenic silver nanoparticles (bioAgNP) in the treatment of experimental pythiosis. The disease was reproduced in nine female 90-day-old New Zealand rabbits. Animals were divided into three groups: group1 (control, n = 3) daily and topically treated with a nonionized gel-based formulation and 1 ml of sterile distilled water intralesion administered every 48 hours; group 2 (n = 3), daily and topically treated with gel-based formulation containing 1 μg/ml bio-AgNP; group 3 (n = 3), treated with 1 ml bio-AgNP in 1 μg/ml aqueous solution intralesion administered every 48 hours. Animals were treated for 45 days, and the area of subcutaneous lesions was measured every 5 days. Results showed that groups 2 and 3 differed from control group (P < .05) in the lesion area, as well as the amount of hyphae within the lesions. It was observed that lesions of treated animals (groups 2 and 3) did not differ from each other, showing that the application route did not influence the regression of lesions. However, it was observed that one animal from group 2 reached clinical cure at 35 days of treatment. This research is pioneer in the application of nanocomposites for the treatment of experimental pythiosis and showed that bio-AgNP can be powerful allies of integrative medicine and can be included in pythiosis therapeutic protocols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Carolina Litchina Brasil
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Caroline Quintana Braga
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Rosimeri Zamboni
- Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | | | | | - Cristina Gomes Zambrano
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Helen Cabaldi Franz
- Departamento de Clínicas Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Luciana Pötter
- Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | | | | | - Sônia de Avila Botton
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Masiero FS, Aguiar ESV, Pereira DIB, Thyssen PJ. First Report on the Use of Larvae of Cochliomyia macellaria (Diptera: Calliphoridae) for Wound Treatment in Veterinary Practice. J Med Entomol 2020; 57:965-968. [PMID: 31819964 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjz238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Factors contributing to the delay or prevention of the natural wound healing process include infection and ineffective conventional treatment. Alternative therapies, such as the maggot debridement therapy (MDT), may be helpful for successful treatment in these cases. Aiming to disseminate information about the possibility of using other species of flies for wound treatment, besides the best known Lucilia sericata Meigen, 1826 (Diptera, Calliphoridae), we report here a successful MDT case with the application of Cochliomyia macellaria (Fabricius, 1775) larvae to treat an infected wound with extensive area of necrotic tissue in a dog. Five sterile larvae were applied to each square-cm of lesion and kept on the animal for only 48 h. The healing was successful, from both qualitative and quantitative points of view. The ratio of wound healing (RWH) reached almost 50% on the 5th day and 100% on the 14th day after MDT. Although the overall animal prognosis had been unfavorable, mainly due to the sepsis, the patient began to recover and had improved clinical condition from the fifth day after MDT. This study shows the importance and effectiveness of MDT in promoting faster and more complete healing of a complex wound.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F S Masiero
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of Pelotas, Campus Capão do Leão, 96010-900 Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - E S V Aguiar
- Hospital of Clinical Veterinary, Federal University of Pelotas, Campus Capão do Leão, 96010-900 Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - D I B Pereira
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal University of Pelotas, Campus Capão do Leão, 96010-900 Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - P J Thyssen
- Department of Animal Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, 13083-825 São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Weiblen C, Robe LJ, de Azevedo MI, Ianiski LB, Stibbe PC, Ribeiro TC, Zanette RA, Pereira DIB, Santurio JM, Botton SDA. New insights on evolutionary aspects of Pythium insidiosum and other peronosporaleans. Mycoses 2020; 63:395-406. [PMID: 32012366 DOI: 10.1111/myc.13057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The evolution of pathogenic mechanisms is a major challenge, which requires a thorough comprehension of the phylogenetic relationships of pathogens. Peronosporaleans encompasses a heterogeneous group of oomycetes that includes some animal/human pathogens, like Pythium insidiosum. OBJECTIVE We analysed here the phylogenetic positioning and other evolutionary aspects related to this species and other peronosporaleans, using a multi-locus approach with one mitochondrial and three nuclear genes. METHODOLOGY Phylogenetic patterns of 55 oomycetes were inferred by maximum likelihood and Bayesian analysis, and a relaxed molecular clock method was applied to infer the divergence time of some peronosporaleans branches. RESULTS Pythium insidiosum was monophyletic with a major and polytomous clade of American isolates; however, Pythium spp. was found to be paraphyletic with Phytopythium sp. and Phytophthora spp. In general, peronosporaleans subdivided into four lineages, one of which evidenced a close relationship of P insidiosum, P aphanidermatum and P arrhenomanes. This lineage diverged about 63 million years ago (Mya), whereas P insidiosum diversified at approximately 24 Mya. The divergence of American and Thai isolates seems to have occurred at approximately 17 Mya, with further American diversification at 2.4 Mya. CONCLUSION Overall, this study clarifies the phylogenetic relationships of P insidiosum regarding other peronosporaleans in a multi-locus perspective, despite previous claims that phylogenomic analyses are needed to accurately infer the patterns and processes related to the evolution of different lineages in this group. Additionally, this is the first time that a molecular clock was applied to study the evolution of P insidiosum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carla Weiblen
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Medicina Veterinária (PPGMV)/Centro de Ciências Rurais (CCR), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Lizandra Jaqueline Robe
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Biodiversidade Animal (PPGBA)/Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas (CCNE), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Maria Isabel de Azevedo
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Lara Baccarin Ianiski
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas/PPGCF, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Paula Cristina Stibbe
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas/PPGCF, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Correa Ribeiro
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Farmacologia UFSM, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Régis Adriel Zanette
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Janio Morais Santurio
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Farmacologia UFSM, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Sônia de Avila Botton
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Medicina Veterinária (PPGMV)/Centro de Ciências Rurais (CCR), Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas/PPGCF, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
de Souza Silveira Valente J, Braga CQ, Brasil CL, Baptista CT, Reis GF, Panagio LA, Nakazato G, de Oliveira Hübner S, Soares MP, de Avila Botton S, Pereira DIB. In vitro anti-Pythium insidiosum activity of biogenic silver nanoparticles. Med Mycol 2020; 57:858-863. [PMID: 30597067 DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myy147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Pythium insidiosum belongs to the phylum Oomycota. It is capable of infecting mammals causing a serious condition called pythiosis, which affects mainly horses in Brazil and humans in Thailand. The objective of the present study was to verify the in vitro anti-P. insidiosum activity of a biogenic silver nanoparticle (bio-AgNP) formulation. The in vitro assays were evaluated on P. insidiosum isolates (n = 38) following the M38-A2 protocol. Damage to the P. insidiosum hyphae ultrastructure was verified by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Bio-AgNP inhibition concentrations on P. insidiosum isolates ranged from 0.06 to 0.47 μg/ml. It was observed through SEM that P. insidiosum hyphae treated showed surface roughness, as well as cell walls with multiple retraction areas, loss of continuity, and rupture in some areas. The TEM of treated hyphae did not differentiate organelle structures; also, the cellular wall was rarefied, showing wrinkled and partly ruptured borders. The bio-AgNP evaluated has excellent in vitro anti-P. insidiosum activity. However, further studies on its in vivo action are necessary as so to determine the possibility of its use in the treatment of the disease in affected hosts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Caroline Quintana Braga
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Carolina Litchina Brasil
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Gerson Nakazato
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Mauro Pereira Soares
- Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico,Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Sônia de Avila Botton
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Schmith R, Lemos VZ, Rondon DA, Moscon LA, Schild AL, Sallis ESV, Pereira DIB, Marcolongo-Pereira C. Cranioesophageal Pythiosis in a Horse. ACTA SCI VET 2020. [DOI: 10.22456/1679-9216.102669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Background: Pythiosis is a chronic inflammatory disease that is caused by oomycete Pythium insidiosum. This illness affects several species including humans and horses. Equine is the most affected species, having no predisposition for breed, gender, or age. It is usually shown in cutaneous and subcutaneous forms, and the lesions, which grow quickly and are hard to treat, are located mainly in the extremities. The diagnosis is made via epidemiology, clinical signs, and macroscopic and microscopic aspects of the lesion. This study describes a case of cranioesophageal pythiosis in a horse, examining the epidemiological, clinical and pathological characteristics.Case: A 12-year-old male quarter horse, weighing 515 kg was taken to the Veterinary Hospital at the University Center of Espírito Santo (UNESC). The horse had an increase in volume in the cranioesophageal region, coughing, difficulty breathing, and a runny nose. On clinical examination, the horse showed an enlargement in the submandibular and retropharyngeal lymph nodes, subcutaneous edema in the larynx region, and a temperature of 38.2ºC. According to the owner, cough was recurrent and had lasted about 12 months even after treatment with different kinds of antimicrobials. On radiographic exam, there was a marked decrease in the tracheal lumen and increased soft tissue radiopacity in the region adjacent to the narrowing. The animal was taken to surgery to remove the mass, but he died because of complications during surgery. The animal’s owner did not allow necropsy, but a fragment of the mass in the cranioesophageal was removed and sent for histological examination. The fragment was fixed in 10% formalin and processed using routine histological analysis. Macroscopically, the mass was light yellowish and ulcerated, and it measured 7.0 × 5.0 × 5.0 cm. In the middle of the ulcerated areas, there were yellow and firm granular structures that were consistent with kunkers. Histologically, extending from the tracheal adventitia to the thyroid, there was a large number of lymphocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, eosinophils, and multinucleated cells (foreign body type) and a well-defined focus of coagulative necrosis, which was surrounded by a thin border of macrophages. Within the necrotic areas, there were negative images of tubuliform hyphae. Grocott’s silver methanamine staining showed hyphae that had irregular branches, rare septa, smooth and parallel walls, and was impregnated by silver. Histological sections of the mass were subjected to immunohistochemistry. Hyphae were positive for Pythium insidiosum.Discussion: The diagnosis of pythiosis was based on macroscopic, histological findings and positive immunostaining for Pythium insidiosum. This report shows the unusual location of the disease in the horse, which made the clinical diagnosis of the disease complex. Extracutaneous forms of pythiosis in horses are less frequent than cutaneous forms. The etiopathogenesis of these forms is still unclear, but it has been suggested that previous lesions in the intestinal mucosa caused by plant material or pathogens may be predisposing factors for the appearance of the enteric form of the disease. It was not possible to observe if the animal’s other organs were affected because a necropsy could not be performed. The agent probably penetrated the esophageal epithelium and spread throughout the trachea and thyroid, but its origin cannot be determined. The radiographic findings in this study are compatible with neoplasms. However, inflammatory processes such as those caused by pythiosis should be included in the differential diagnosis of horses with swelling in the cranial portion of the esophagus.
Collapse
|
23
|
Weiblen C, Zanette RA, Ribeiro TC, Pereira Dos Santos CE, Ianiski LB, Pereira DIB, Santurio JM, Botton SDA. Intradermal injection of Pythium insidiosum protein antigens for improved diagnosis and treatment of pythiosis in an experimental model. Med Mycol 2019; 57:807-812. [PMID: 30260397 DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myy078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The oomycetous pathogen Pythium insidiosum is the causative agent of pythiosis, a life-threatening disease that affects animals and humans. This infectious disease is difficult to treat, and early and accurate diagnosis is critical for effective treatment. In this sense, this study aimed to evaluate the intradermal (ID) injection of P. insidiosum protein antigens (PiPA) for the diagnosis and treatment of pythiosis using an experimental model. For diagnostic purposes, PiPA were injected by the ID route in the following groups of rabbits: (a) control; (b) previously immunized with PiPA injected by the subcutaneous (SC) route; and (c) infected with P. insidiosum zoospores. For treatment purposes, rabbits with pythiosis were also treated with PiPA by the ID or SC routes. Mean induration sizes were different at 24 h and 72 h readings when compared to the control group. Sensitivity of the protocol was 100% at 24 h and 80% at 72 h, with 100% specificity in both readings. PiPA treatment using ID or SC routes did not result in significant differences in lesion sizes and cure rates; however, serum levels of interferon-gamma were higher in SC route. This study demonstrates the applicability of PiPA ID for diagnosis and treatment of pythiosis in an experimental model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carla Weiblen
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM). aDepartamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva (DMVP)/ Programa de Pós Graduação em Medicina Veterinária (PPGMV)/ Centro de Ciências Rurais (CCR). bDepartamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia (Demip)/Centro de Ciências da Saúde (CCS)
| | - Régis Adriel Zanette
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Farmacologia e Terapêutica
| | - Tatiana Corrêa Ribeiro
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM). aDepartamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva (DMVP)/ Programa de Pós Graduação em Medicina Veterinária (PPGMV)/ Centro de Ciências Rurais (CCR). bDepartamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia (Demip)/Centro de Ciências da Saúde (CCS)
| | | | - Lara Baccarin Ianiski
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM). aDepartamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva (DMVP)/ Programa de Pós Graduação em Medicina Veterinária (PPGMV)/ Centro de Ciências Rurais (CCR). bDepartamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia (Demip)/Centro de Ciências da Saúde (CCS)
| | | | - Janio Morais Santurio
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM). aDepartamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva (DMVP)/ Programa de Pós Graduação em Medicina Veterinária (PPGMV)/ Centro de Ciências Rurais (CCR). bDepartamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia (Demip)/Centro de Ciências da Saúde (CCS)
| | - Sônia de Avila Botton
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM). aDepartamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva (DMVP)/ Programa de Pós Graduação em Medicina Veterinária (PPGMV)/ Centro de Ciências Rurais (CCR). bDepartamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia (Demip)/Centro de Ciências da Saúde (CCS)
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Dal Ben V, Oliveira RS, Borchardt JL, Valente JDSS, Brasil CL, Zambrano CG, Leite FPL, Botton SDA, Pereira DIB. Protein profile of Brazilian Pythium insidiosum isolates. Med Mycol 2019; 56:485-492. [PMID: 29420782 DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myx071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pythium insidiosum is an important aquatic Oomycota that causes pythiosis in mammals, especially horses, dogs, and humans; these inhabit marshy environments in tropical and subtropical areas. The aim of this study was to determine the protein profile, as well as identify likely immunodominant proteins, of Brazilian P. insidiosum isolates from southern Brazil, an important equine pythiosis endemic area. P. insidiosum isolates (horses, n = 20 and dogs, n = 02) were analyzed by SDS-PAGE and Western blot techniques. Horse, cattle, dog, and rabbit sera of both diseased and healthy animals were used to identify P. insidiosum proteins. SDS-PAGE protein profile detected antigens of molecular weights ranging from 100 to 20 KDa. Dog isolates revealed a protein profile similar to that of horse isolates. Anti-P. insidiosum antibodies in the sera of the four species could recognize proteins of different molecular weights (∼74 KDa to ∼24 KDa), and proteins ∼50-55 KDa and ∼34 KDa were shown to be immunodominant. Furthermore, ∼74 KDa, ∼60 KDa, ∼30 KDa and ∼24 KDa proteins were poorly recognized by host species antibodies. The Brazilian P. insidiosum isolates analyzed showed a similar protein profile; however, further studies are essential for the identification and characterization of proteins expressed by P. insidiosum, and an evaluation of the immunological profile of hosts susceptible to this Oomycota is necessary.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Dal Ben
- Laboratório de Micologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Parasitologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas/RS, Brazil
| | - Rômulo S Oliveira
- Laboratório da Modulação da Resposta Imune, Programa de Imunologia Básica e Aplicada, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto/SP, Brazil
| | - Jéssica L Borchardt
- Laboratório de Microbiologia e Imunologia, Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas/RS, Brazil
| | - Júlia de Souza S Valente
- Laboratório de Micologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Parasitologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas/RS, Brazil
| | - Carolina Lichtina Brasil
- Laboratório de Micologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Parasitologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas/RS, Brazil
| | - Cristina Gomes Zambrano
- Laboratório de Micologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Parasitologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas/RS, Brazil
| | - Fábio Pereira Leivas Leite
- Laboratório de Microbiologia e Imunologia, Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas/RS, Brazil
| | - Sônia de Avila Botton
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria/RS, Brazil
| | - Daniela Isabel Brayer Pereira
- Laboratório de Micologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Parasitologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas/RS, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Maia Filho FDS, Fonseca ADODS, Valente JDSS, Baptista CT, Moreira ADS, Botton SDA, Pötter L, Pereira DIB. Exposure of Toxocara canis eggs to Purpureocillium lilacinum as a biocontrol strategy: an experimental model evaluation. Rev Bras Parasitol Vet 2019; 28:91-96. [DOI: 10.1590/s1984-29612019007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Purpureocillium lilacinum is a nematophagous fungus used in biological control against some parasites, including Toxocara canis. This study researched the infectivity of embryonated T. canis eggs after exposure to the fungus P. lilacinum. T. canis eggs were exposed to P. lilacinum for 15 or 30 days and subsequently administered to Swiss mice (n=20). Control group consisted of mice who received T. canis embryonated eggs without fungal exposure. Forty-eight hours after infection, heart, lung, and liver from animals of each group were collected to assess larval recovery. The organs of mice that received embryonated eggs exposed to the fungus showed a lower average larval recovery (P<0.05) suggesting that exposure of T. canis eggs to P. lilacinum was able to reduce experimental infection. Under the evaluated conditions, the interaction time between the fungus and the parasite eggs was not a significant factor in larvae recovery. P. lilacinum may be considered a promising T. canis biological control agent. However, further studies are needed to determine a protocol for the use of this fungus as a biological control agent.
Collapse
|
26
|
Alberti TDS, Bonel J, Venancio FDR, Rosa CSD, Ladeira SL, Pereira DIB. Neonatal colisepticemia in a dog - a case report. Braz J Vet Med 2019. [DOI: 10.29374/2527-2179.bjvm097019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
|
27
|
Zambrano CG, Gomes AR, Brasil CL, Valente JDSS, Braga CQ, de Azevedo MI, Botton SDA, Pereira DIB. Influence of temperature on in vitro zoosporogenesis of Pythium insidiosum. Med Mycol 2018; 56:877-883. [PMID: 29228375 DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myx116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study verified the influence of different temperatures on P. insidiosum in vitro zoosporogenesis. P. insidiosum isolates (n = 26) were submitted to zoosporogenesis and incubated at 5°C, 15°C, 20°C and 37°C (1st stage). Grass fragments were evaluated under optical microscopy at 4, 8, and 24 hours of incubation. Afterward, all isolates were incubated at 37°C and assessed at the same periods of time (2nd stage). The development of hyphae, presence of vesicles, zoosporangia and zoospores were checked. Only the presence of short hyphae was observed at 5°C. At 15°C, the hyphae were either under development or elongated and two isolates produced zoospores. When the isolates were submitted to 20°C for 4 hours, the presence of long and mycelial hyphae, vesicles, zoosporangia and zoospores was observed, which also happened at the other periods evaluated. In the second stage, the isolates which were initially at 5°C and 15°C evidenced long developing hyphae with the presence of vesicles, zoosporangia, and zoospores within 4 hours of incubation, and these characteristics were kept at the other evaluated periods. The isolates kept at 37°C showed evident zoosporogenesis in the first 4 hours of evaluation. It was concluded that temperatures of 20°C and 37°C support P. insidiosum zoosporogenesis process. On the other hand, 5°C and 15°C temperatures do not kill the microorganism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Gomes Zambrano
- Laboratório de Micologia, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS/ Brazil
| | - Angelita Reis Gomes
- Laboratório de Micologia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS/ Brazil
| | - Carolina Litchina Brasil
- Laboratório de Micologia, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS/ Brazil
| | - Júlia de Souza Silveira Valente
- Laboratório de Micologia, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS/ Brazil
| | - Carolina Quintana Braga
- Laboratório de Micologia, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS/ Brazil
| | - Maria Isabel de Azevedo
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Micológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS/ Brazil
| | - Sônia de Avila Botton
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS/Brazil
| | - Daniela Isabel Brayer Pereira
- Laboratório de Micologia, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS/ Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Ely VL, Vargas AC, Costa MM, Oliveira HP, Pötter L, Reghelin MA, Fernandes AW, Pereira DIB, Sangioni LA, Botton SA. Moraxella bovis, Moraxella ovis and Moraxella bovoculi: biofilm formation and lysozyme activity. J Appl Microbiol 2018; 126:369-376. [PMID: 30142702 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to verify the formation of biofilms by Moraxella bovis, Moraxella ovis and Moraxella bovoculi isolates from ruminants. In addition, the lysozyme activity against the isolates of M. bovis, M. ovis and M. bovoculi in free form and in biofilms was determined. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study, 54 isolates of Moraxella sp. obtained from bovine and ovine clinical samples were evaluated in vitro for capacity of biofilm formation and lysozyme susceptibility in planktonic and sessile cells. In addition, biofilms produced by four Moraxella sp. isolates were visualized under scanning electron microscope (SEM). It was possible to demonstrate, for the first time, the ability to form biofilms by M. ovis and M. bovoculi. The isolates of Moraxella sp. have the capacity to form biofilms in different intensities, varying among weak, moderate and strong. It was verified that the lysozyme shows activity on Moraxella sp. in planktonic form. However, on biofilms there was a reduction in the production, but without impairing its formation, and on consolidated biofilms the lysozyme did not have the capacity to eradicate the preformed biofilms. CONCLUSIONS This work shows the capacity of biofilm formation by Moraxella sp. of veterinary importance. The lysozyme susceptibility of Moraxella sp. in planktonic form shows that this enzyme has bacteriostatic activity on this micro-organism and it reduced the production of biofilms. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Based on the results, it is possible to infer that the biofilm formation capacity by Moraxella sp. and the resistance to lysozyme concentrations equal to or greater than the physiological levels of the ruminant tear may be linked not only to the capacity to colonize the conjunctiva, but also to remain in this place even after healing of the lesions, being a reservoir of Moraxella sp. in a herd.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V L Ely
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - A C Vargas
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - M M Costa
- Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina, Brazil
| | - H P Oliveira
- Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina, Brazil
| | - L Pötter
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - M A Reghelin
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - A W Fernandes
- Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina, Brazil
| | - D I B Pereira
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - L A Sangioni
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - S A Botton
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Carregaro FB, Spanamberg A, Sanches EMC, Argenta JS, Pereira DIB, Zanette R, Santurio JM, Barcellos DESND, Ferreiro L. Fungal microbiota isolated from healthy pig skin. ACTA SCI VET 2018. [DOI: 10.22456/1679-9216.16613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
30
|
Ribeiro TC, Weiblen C, Botton SDA, Pereira DIB, de Jesus FPK, Verdi CM, Gressler LT, Sangioni LA, Santurio JM. In vitro susceptibility of the oomycete Pythium insidiosum to metallic compounds containing cadmium, lead, copper, manganese or zinc. Med Mycol 2018; 55:669-672. [PMID: 27816906 DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myw115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pythium insidiosum is an aquatic oomycete that causes pythiosis, an important and severe disease of difficult treatment that affects humans, domestic and wild animals. This infection is often described in horses in Brazil and humans in Thailand. In clinical practice, we have observed many cases that do not respond to available therapies, indicating the need to explore alternative therapeutic approaches. In this sense, studies using metal compounds in conjunction with available antimicrobial agents have been demonstrated greater antimicrobial activity. Thus, in this research, we tested in vitro activities of metallic compounds containing cadmium, lead, copper, manganese, or zinc against 23 isolates of P. insidiosum. The assays were performed by broth microdilution based on CLSI M38-A2 document. The minimum inhibitory and fungicidal concentrations were established for all isolates. Copper acetate and cadmium acetate showed the highest inhibitory effects, with minimal inhibitory concentration ranging from 4-64 μg/ml and 16-256 μg/ml, respectively. The mean geometric for minimal fungicidal concentrations were, respectively, 26 μg/ml and 111.43 μg/ml for copper acetate and cadmium acetate. These results suggest that copper and cadmium can inhibit P. insidiosum growth, highlighting the greater inhibitory activity of copper acetate. In addition, our results propose that copper and/or cadmium compounds can be used in upcoming researches to formulate effective new complexed drugs against P. insidiosum in in vitro and in vivo experimental models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Corrêa Ribeiro
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Micológicas, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Campus Universitário, Prédio 20, 4139, 97105900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Carla Weiblen
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva (DMVP), Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária (PPGMV), Centro de Ciências Rurais, UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Sônia de Avila Botton
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva (DMVP), Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária (PPGMV), Centro de Ciências Rurais, UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Daniela Isabel Brayer Pereira
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Francielli Pantella Kunz de Jesus
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Micológicas, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Campus Universitário, Prédio 20, 4139, 97105900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Camila Marina Verdi
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Micológicas, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Campus Universitário, Prédio 20, 4139, 97105900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Leticia Trevisan Gressler
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva (DMVP), Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária (PPGMV), Centro de Ciências Rurais, UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Luís Antonio Sangioni
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva (DMVP), Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária (PPGMV), Centro de Ciências Rurais, UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Janio Morais Santurio
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Micológicas, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Campus Universitário, Prédio 20, 4139, 97105900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Pereira DIB. Suscetibilidade in vitro e in vivo de Pythium insidiosum: estudo comparativo entre acetato de caspofungina e imunoterapia em coelhos. ACTA SCI VET 2018. [DOI: 10.22456/1679-9216.17255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
32
|
Pedroso PMO, Bezerra Júnior PS, Pescador CA, Dalto AGC, Costa GRD, Pereira DIB, Santurio JM, Driemeier D. Diagnóstico imuno-histoquímico de pitiose cutânea em equinos. ACTA SCI VET 2018. [DOI: 10.22456/1679-9216.16187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
33
|
Moreira ADS, Baptista CT, Brasil CL, Valente JDSS, Bruhn FRP, Pereira DIB. Risk factors and infection due to Cryptosporidium spp. in dogs and cats in southern Rio Grande do Sul. Rev Bras Parasitol Vet 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/s1984-296120180012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract This study investigated the frequency of oocysts of Cryptosporidium spp. in feces from dogs and cats in five municipalities in the southern region of the state of Rio Grande do Sul. The risk factors associated with infection were also investigated. Feces samples from 110 dogs and 18 cats were stained using the auramine method. At the time of feces sampling, a questionnaire with semi-open-ended questions was applied to the animal guardians and all data obtained underwent statistical analysis. The real frequency of oocysts of Cryptosporidium spp. was 24.63% (27 dogs and two cats). Only four samples of dog feces were diarrheic and no presence of oocysts was observed in any of them. Variables that represented risk factors for infection were: homemade food, untreated water, circulation of animals on grassy terrain and living in the same environment as other animals (cattle). The results made it possible to inferring that within the population studied, the frequency of parasitism due to Cryptosporidium spp. in dogs was relevant and emphasize the asymptomatic nature of this infection. The adopting control measures are highlighted, particularly in relation to variables that represent risk factors for this infection.
Collapse
|
34
|
Júnior SFV, Cunha RC, Pereira DIB, Botton SDÁ, Ladeira SRL, Júnior TL, Sallis ESV. Identification of Virulence Factors of Escherichia coli Isolates from Fecal Samples of Calves in Southern Brazil. ACTA SCI VET 2017. [DOI: 10.22456/1679-9216.80441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Background: Escherichia coli (E. coli) is an enteropathogen that commonly causes diarrhea in calves. However, not all E. coli isolates are pathogenic. The aim of this study was to identify E. coli virulence factors derived from fecal samples collected in the southern region of Rio Grande do Sul state (RS) from calves with and without diarrhea, as well as investigate the antimicrobial susceptibility of E. coli isolates from calves with diarrhea.Materials, Methods & Results: Forty stool samples were collected in 12 farms, each one from calves having one day to six months of age, with and without diarrhea. The total DNA of from these isolates was extracted and a PCR using primers specific for the virulence factors Stx1, Eae, F41, F5 and STa was conducted. The susceptibility testing used the disk diffusion method and the susceptibility profile was evaluated against the following antimicrobials: ampicillin, penicillin, chloramphenicol, enrofloxacin, gentamicin, trimethoprim, sulfonamide, tetracycline and streptomycin. From all calves, 15 (15/40, 37.5%) had diarrheal stools and 25 (25/40, 62.5%) had normal or semi-liquid stools. Twelve (12/40; 30%) E. coli isolates showed at least one virulence factor. These factors were found in four isolates (4/15; 26.6%) from diarrheal stools and eight isolates (8/25; 28.5%) from normal stool. The Stx1 factor was identified in five isolates (5/40; 12.5%), and the Eae and the Sta factors in one (1/40; 0.2%) and in atypical associations between Stx1 and Eae and also between Eae and F41 in two isolates (2/40; 0.5%). Also, the Eae and Sta factors were identified in one isolate (1/40; 0.2%). The susceptibility test showed resistance to penicillin and tetracycline in 93% and 80% of the tested isolates, respectively.Discussion: The identification of virulence factors is necessary because E. coli is an enterobacterium present in calves gastrointestinal tract, to prove its pathogenicity. The virulence factor most commonly found in E. coli isolates derived from feces of calves with and without diarrhea in the southern region of the RS was the Stx1 (Shiga toxin-producing E. coli STEC). It is likely that the highest occurrence of E. coli isolates positive for the Stx1 virulence factor was due to the fact that cattle were the main reservoirs of this type of bacteria. The occurrence of enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) in animals of nine and 34 days of life, respectively, is highlighted. Studies have shown that contamination of animal foods with EHEC can cause enteric disorders, hemorrhagic colitis, and uremic hemolytic syndrome (UHS) in humans. Although in the present study the identification of the Stx2 factor was not performed, authors describe that the presence of the genes encoding Stx2 and Eae is determinant in the occurrence of UHS. In the susceptibility test, it was observed that E. coli isolates from diarrheal stools showed resistance to antimicrobials penicillin (10 mg) and tetracycline (30 mg) [93% and 80%, respectively], ampicillin (10 mg) [47%], streptomycin (10 mg) [47%], trimethoprim (5 mg) [47%] and sulfonamide (300 mg) [53%]. Although the percentage of antimicrobial resistance varies among studies, it is believed that the indiscriminate use of antimicrobial therapies as a common practice among rural properties contributes to bacterial resistance to these drugs. The sensitivity profile to antimicrobials showed that the analyzed Escherichia coli isolates are resistant to the antimicrobials commonly used for diarrhea treatment in the southern region of the Rio Grande do Sul state, Southern Brazil.
Collapse
|
35
|
Sangioni LA, Botton SDA, Ramos F, Cadore GC, Monteiro SG, Pereira DIB, Vogel FSF. Balantidium coli in Pigs of Distinct Animal Husbandry Categories and Different Hygienic-Sanitary Standards in the Central Region of Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. ACTA SCI VET 2017. [DOI: 10.22456/1679-9216.80041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Background: Balantidium coli is a commensal protozoan that infects several animals, but it has pigs as its natural reservoir. In the presence of predisposing factors, B. coli can become pathogenic for swine, causing enteric lesions. Infections determined by this protozoan may be a risk to public health, due to dysentery in animal keepers and veterinarians. This study aimed to determine the occurrence of infection by B. coli in pigs of distinct husbandry categories, as well as unlike physiological state, kept in farms with different hygienic-sanitary standards, located in the central region of Rio Grande do Sul State in Brazil.Materials, Methods & Results: Stool samples were collected from 12 different farms with different hygienic-sanitary standards being four farms of finisher pigs (G1; n = 287), four farms with pregnant females (G2; n = 60) and four farms with lactation sows (G3; n = 40), and all samples were submitted to coproparasitological analyses to verify the presence of cysts or trophozoites of B. coli. The infection levels were considered mild (1-100 cyst/trophozoite), moderate (101300 cyst/trophozoite) and high (>300 cysts/trophozoite). In addition, information about hygienic-sanitary conditions of each farm was collected. The occurrence of B. coli infection in all swine stool samples analyzed was 60.9% (236/387); however, in G1, G2 and G3 was 54.7% (157/287), 91.7% (55/60) and 65% (26/40) respectively. There was significant difference in the occurrence of G1 (P < 0.05) except between farms B and C (67.9% and 56.6% respectively). There was also a significant difference (P < 0.05) between the occurrence of B. coli found in G2 and G3. The infection levels were considered predominantly mild in G1; and mild to moderate in G2 and G3.Discussion: In this research it was confirmed the presence of B. coli in swine farms located in the central region of Rio Grande do Sul State in Brazil. This area is known as being an important producer of pigs in Brazil. The results obtained in this study, demonstrated that swine farms with better hygienic and sanitary standards, had mild infections by B. coli. However, the presence of intestinal parasites, especially protozoa, can occur even in properties with good management practices. However, protozoa infections can cause important production losses, especially when associated with other pathogens or nutritional problems. The occurrence of B. coli observed in pregnant (G2) and lactating (G3) females was significant, and the infection level was mild to moderate. These conditions suggest that pregnancy, childbirth and lactation are critical stages for females, mainly due to physiological stress, resulting in a change in the hormonal levels and immune status of the animals. Thus, these factors cause declines in the immune response of pigs making them susceptible to infections and the increase of cyst excretion of B. coli in feces. The abundance of protozoan cysts in feces contaminates the environment and increases the risk of infections in humans. In addition, it was demonstrated the occurrence of B. coli in an important site of swine production in RS, Brazil. B. coli is related to the physiological state of the animals and the hygienic and sanitary management in different categories of swine. In conclusion, this study highlights the epidemiological importance of swine as natural reservoir of Balantidium coli and the risk potential of infection to animals and humans. Additionally, sanitary program in farming pigs must be improved in order to guarantee healthy and food-safe product for consumers.
Collapse
|
36
|
Masiero FS, Aquino MFK, Nassu MP, Pereira DIB, Leite DS, Thyssen PJ. First Record of Larval Secretions of Cochliomyia macellaria (Fabricius, 1775) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) Inhibiting the Growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Neotrop Entomol 2017; 46:125-129. [PMID: 27696133 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-016-0444-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Maggot debridement therapy (MDT) consists on the intentional and controlled application of sterilized larvae of the order Diptera on necrotic skin lesions with the purpose of cleaning necrotic tissue and removing pathogenic bacteria. During MDT, a marked antimicrobial activity has been reported in literature specially associated with antibacterial substances from Lucilia sericata (Meigen); however, regarding Cochliomyia macellaria (Fabricius), little is known. This study aimed to evaluate in vitro inhibition of bacterial growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus in contact with excretions and secretions (ES) from C. macellaria larvae. Larval ES were extracted in sterile distilled water and divided in three groups: ES, containing 400 μL of autoclaved ES; ES+BAC, containing 400 μL of autoclaved ES+0.5-μL bacterial inoculum; and CONT-BAC, containing 400 μL of sterile distilled water +0.5 μL of bacterial inoculum. Aliquots of each experimental group were plated by spreading onto Petri dishes. Seedings were made at 0, 1, 2, 4, and 12 h after the extraction of ES. In ES+BAC groups, inhibition of S. aureus was verified between times 1 and 2 h and P. aeruginosa was inhibited between 0 and 4 h. There was no growth observed in any ES group. In the CONT-BAC groups, the number of colonies from time 4 h became countless for S. aureus and decreased for P. aeruginosa. As reported in the literature, we note here that ES have excellent bactericidal activity for both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, and this study shows for the first time the action of the bactericidal activity of exosecretions of C. macellaria against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F S Masiero
- Dept of Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal Univ of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brasil
| | - M F K Aquino
- Dept of Animal Biology, State Univ of Campinas, 255 Monteiro Lobato St, 13083-862, Campinas, SP, Brasil.
| | - M P Nassu
- Dept of Animal Biology, State Univ of Campinas, 255 Monteiro Lobato St, 13083-862, Campinas, SP, Brasil
| | - D I B Pereira
- Dept of Microbiology and Parasitology, Federal Univ of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brasil
| | - D S Leite
- Dept of Genetics, Evolution and BioAgents, State Univ of Campinas, Campinas, Brasil
| | - P J Thyssen
- Dept of Animal Biology, State Univ of Campinas, 255 Monteiro Lobato St, 13083-862, Campinas, SP, Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
de Souza Maia Filho F, da Silva Fonseca AO, Persici BM, de Souza Silveira J, Braga CQ, Pötter L, de Avila Botton S, Brayer Pereira DI. Trichoderma virens as a biocontrol of Toxocara canis: In vivo evaluation. Rev Iberoam Micol 2017; 34:32-35. [PMID: 28109772 DOI: 10.1016/j.riam.2016.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Revised: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microorganisms have been widely studied as biological control agents of parasites of medical and veterinary importance. Coprophagous arthropods, bacteria and fungi are among the different organisms evaluated as potential biological control agents. Nematophagous fungi capture and digest the free forms of nematodes in the soil. Due to its zoonotic potential, Toxocara canis have been brought to the attention of researchers. AIMS The aim of the present study was to determine whether the administration of embryonated T. canis eggs exposed to the nematophagous fungus Trichoderma virens reduces parasite infection in experimental animals. METHODS Embryonated T. canis eggs were exposed to T. virens mycelium for 15 days at 25°C. Subsequently, 100 fungus-exposed eggs were orally administered to 20 Swiss mice. As a positive control, another 20 mice received 100 embryonated eggs that were not exposed to the fungus. After 48h, the animals were killed, and heart, lungs and liver were harvested for the recovery of larvae. RESULTS The organs of the animals that received embryonated T. canis eggs exposed to the fungus showed a lower mean larval recovery when compared with the animals that received embryonated eggs without fungus exposure (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The exposure of T. canis eggs to T. virens reduces the experimental infection, demonstrating the potential of this nematophagous fungus as a biocontrol agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fernando de Souza Maia Filho
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Anelise Oliveira da Silva Fonseca
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Maroneze Persici
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Julia de Souza Silveira
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Caroline Quintana Braga
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Luciana Pötter
- Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Sônia de Avila Botton
- Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Daniela Isabel Brayer Pereira
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Voss-Rech D, Potter L, Vaz CSL, Pereira DIB, Sangioni LA, Vargas ÁC, de Avila Botton S. Antimicrobial Resistance in Nontyphoidal Salmonella Isolated from Human and Poultry-Related Samples in Brazil: 20-Year Meta-Analysis. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2016; 14:116-124. [PMID: 27922763 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2016.2228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Nontyphoidal Salmonella are one of the leading causes of foodborne diseases in the world. As poultry products are recognized as main sources of human salmonellosis, nontyphoidal Salmonella control has become a global issue for the poultry industry. The increasing antimicrobial resistance in poultry-related nontyphoidal Salmonella serovars is a global matter of concern. By monitoring the evolution of antimicrobial resistance, alternative treatments can be identified and possible restrictions in the treatment of systemic human salmonellosis foreseen. A meta-analysis was conducted to assess the profile and temporal evolution of the antimicrobial resistance of nontyphoidal Salmonella of poultry and human origin in Brazil, isolated in the period from 1995 to 2014. Four databases were researched; twenty-nine articles met the eligibility criteria and were included in the meta-analysis. In the nontyphoidal isolates of poultry origin, the highest levels of antimicrobial resistance were verified for sulfonamides (44.3%), nalidixic acid (42.5%), and tetracycline (35.5%). In the human-origin isolates, the resistance occurred mainly for sulfonamides (46.4%), tetracycline (36.9%), and ampicillin (23.6%). Twenty-two articles described results of antimicrobial resistance specifically for Salmonella Enteritidis, also enabling the individual meta-analysis of this serovar. For most antimicrobials, the resistance levels of Salmonella Enteritidis were lower than those found when considering all the nontyphoidal serovars. In the poultry-origin isolates, a quadratic temporal distribution was observed, with reduced resistance to streptomycin in Salmonella Enteritidis and in all nontyphoidal serovars, and a linear increase of resistance to nalidixic acid in Salmonella Enteritidis. In the human-origin isolates, a linear increase was identified in the resistance to nalidixic acid in Salmonella Enteritidis and in all the nontyphoidal isolates, and to gentamicin in Salmonella Enteritidis. Continuous monitoring of the development and spread of antimicrobial resistance could support the measurement of the consequences on poultry and human health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daiane Voss-Rech
- 1 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Veterinária (PPGMV), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais (CCR), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) , Santa Maria, Brazil .,2 Laboratório de Sanidade e Genética Animal , Embrapa Suínos e Aves, Concordia, Brazil
| | - Luciana Potter
- 3 Departamento de Zootecnia, CCR , UFSM, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | | | - Daniela Isabel Brayer Pereira
- 4 Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Instituto de Biologia (IB), Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel) , Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Luís Antonio Sangioni
- 1 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Veterinária (PPGMV), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais (CCR), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) , Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Águeda Castagna Vargas
- 1 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Veterinária (PPGMV), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais (CCR), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) , Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Sônia de Avila Botton
- 1 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Veterinária (PPGMV), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais (CCR), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) , Santa Maria, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Hofstätter BDM, Oliveira da Silva Fonseca A, de Souza Maia Filho F, de Souza Silveira J, Persici BM, Pötter L, Silveira A, Antoniolli ZI, Brayer Pereira DI. Effect of Paecilomyces lilacinus, Trichoderma harzianum and Trichoderma virens fungal extracts on the hatchability of Ancylostoma eggs. Rev Iberoam Micol 2016; 34:28-31. [PMID: 27810261 DOI: 10.1016/j.riam.2016.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Revised: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ancylostoma species have demanded attention due to their zoonotic potential. The use of anthelmintics is the usual method to prevent environmental contamination by Ancylostoma eggs and larvae. Nematophagous fungi have been widely used in their biological control due to the fungus ability to capture and digest free nematode forms. AIMS The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of four different fungal extracts of Paecilomyces lilacinus (n=2), Trichoderma harzianum (n=1) and Trichoderma virens (n=1) isolates on the hatchability of Ancylostoma eggs. METHODS Fungal extracts consisted of fungal broth culture supernatant without filtration (crude extract) and filtered broth (filtered extract), macerated mycelium (crude macerate), and macerated mycelium submitted to filtration (filtered macerate). The Ancylostoma eggs were obtained from the feces of naturally infected dogs. In vitro assays were performed in five replicates and consisted of four treatments and one control group. RESULTS The activity of the fungal extracts of each evaluated fungus differed (p<0.05) from those of the control group, showing significant ovicidal activity. The hatching of the eggs suffered reduction percentages of 68.43% and 47.05% with P. lilacinus, and 56.43% with T. harzianum, when crude macerate extract was used. The reduction with the macerate extract of T. virens was slightly lower (52.25%) than that for the filtered macerate (53.64%). CONCLUSIONS The results showed that all extracts were effective in reducing the hatchability of Ancylostoma eggs. The ovicidal effect observed is likely to have been caused by the action of hydrolytic enzymes secreted by the fungi.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Delgado Menezes Hofstätter
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Instituto de Biología, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Anelise Oliveira da Silva Fonseca
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Instituto de Biología, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Fernando de Souza Maia Filho
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Instituto de Biología, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Julia de Souza Silveira
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Instituto de Biología, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Maroneze Persici
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Instituto de Biología, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Luciana Pötter
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Centro de Ciências Rurais, Departamento de Zootecnia, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
| | - Andressa Silveira
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Centro de Ciências Rurais, Departamento de Zootecnia, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
| | - Zaida Inês Antoniolli
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Centro de Ciências Rurais, Departamento de Zootecnia, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
| | - Daniela Isabel Brayer Pereira
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Instituto de Biología, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
de Souza Silveira Valente J, de Oliveira da Silva Fonseca A, Denardi LB, Dal Ben VS, de Souza Maia Filho F, Baptista CT, Braga CQ, Zambrano CG, Alves SH, de Avila Botton S, Pereira DIB. In Vitro Susceptibility of Pythium insidiosum to Melaleuca alternifolia, Mentha piperita and Origanum vulgare Essential Oils Combinations. Mycopathologia 2016; 181:617-22. [DOI: 10.1007/s11046-016-0019-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
41
|
De Souza Maia Filho F, Nunes Vieira J, Aires Berne ME, Stoll FE, Da Silva Nascente P, Pötter L, Brayer Pereira DI. Fungal ovicidal activity on Toxocara canis eggs. Rev Iberoam Micol 2013; 30:226-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.riam.2012.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2012] [Revised: 11/27/2012] [Accepted: 12/18/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
|
42
|
Azevedo MI, Botton SA, Pereira DIB, Robe LJ, Jesus FPK, Mahl CD, Costa MM, Alves SH, Santurio JM. Phylogenetic relationships of Brazilian isolates of Pythium insidiosum based on ITS rDNA and cytochrome oxidase II gene sequences. Vet Microbiol 2012; 159:141-8. [PMID: 22483240 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2012.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2012] [Revised: 02/28/2012] [Accepted: 03/18/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Pythium insidiosum is an aquatic oomycete that is the causative agent of pythiosis. Advances in molecular methods have enabled increased accuracy in the diagnosis of pythiosis, and in studies of the phylogenetic relationships of this oomycete. To evaluate the phylogenetic relationships among isolates of P. insidiosum from different regions of Brazil, and also regarding to other American and Thai isolates, in this study a total of thirty isolates of P. insidiosum from different regions of Brazil was used and had their ITS1, 5.8S rRNA and ITS2 rDNA (ITS) region and the partial sequence of cytochrome oxidase II (COX II) gene sequenced and analyzed. The outgroup consisted of six isolates of other Pythium species and one of Lagenidium giganteum. Phylogenetic analyses of ITS and COX II genes were conducted, both individually and in combination, using four different methods: Maximum parsimony (MP); Neighbor-joining (NJ); Maximum likelihood (ML); and Bayesian analysis (BA). Our data supported P. insidiosum as monophyletic in relation to the other Pythium species, and COX II showed that P. insidiosum appears to be subdivided into three major polytomous groups, whose arrangement provides the Thai isolates as paraphyletic in relation to the Brazilian ones. The molecular analyses performed in this study suggest an evolutionary proximity among all American isolates, including the Brazilian and the Central and North America isolates, which were grouped together in a single entirely polytomous clade. The COX II network results presented signals of a recent expansion for the American isolates, probably originated from an Asian invasion source. Here, COX II showed higher levels bias, although it was the source of higher levels of phylogenetic information when compared to ITS. Nevertheless, the two markers chosen for this study proved to be entirely congruent, at least with respect to phylogenetic relationships between different isolates of P. insidiosum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M I Azevedo
- Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Spanamberg A, Augusto Wünder E, Isabel Brayer Pereira D, Argenta J, Maria Cavallini Sanches E, Valente P, Ferreiro L. Etiología de la mastitis bovina producida por levaduras en el sur de Brasil. Rev Iberoam Micol 2008; 25:154-6. [DOI: 10.1016/s1130-1406(08)70036-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
|
44
|
Pereira DIB, Santurio JM, Alves SH, Argenta JS, Pötter L, Spanamberg A, Ferreiro L. Caspofungin in vitro and in vivo activity against Brazilian Pythium insidiosum strains isolated from animals. J Antimicrob Chemother 2007; 60:1168-71. [PMID: 17785281 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkm332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present study evaluated the susceptibility of 27 clinical isolates of Pythium insidiosum to caspofungin in vitro and correlated the results with the therapeutic response in vivo in rabbits with experimental pythiosis. METHODS The macrodilution method was performed in accordance with the CLSI document M38-A technique. Three reading criteria for MICs were adopted: MIC0, MIC1 and MIC2 (100%, 90% and 50% growth inhibition, respectively). The minimum fungicidal concentration was also determined. Ten rabbits inoculated with viable P. insidiosum zoospores were divided into two groups: group 1 (control) and group 2 (treated with caspofungin at a dosage of 1 mg/kg/day for 20 consecutive days). RESULTS Of the isolates 51.8% had an MIC0 of 64 mg/L, 88.8% of isolates had an MIC1 between 8 and 64 mg/L and 62.9% of isolates had a minimum fungicidal concentration of 64 mg/L. In the in vivo assay, growth of subcutaneous lesions reduced during treatment, but rapidly resumed when treatment was stopped. CONCLUSIONS The results showed that caspofungin has limited fungistatic activity against P. insidiosum. This work is the first study to analyse the susceptibility of this oomycete to inhibitors of beta-glucans of the cellular wall.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Isabel Brayer Pereira
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Micológicas, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Campus Universitário, Prédio 20, 4139, 97105900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|