1
|
Uddin LQ, Fernandino L, Neta M, Greene DJ, Mooshagian E. Hemispheric specialization and interhemispheric interaction - From perception to consciousness: Introduction to a special issue in honor of Eran Zaidel (1944-2021). Neuropsychologia 2023; 191:108725. [PMID: 37949214 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2023.108725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lucina Q Uddin
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Psychology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Leonardo Fernandino
- Department of Neurology and Biomedical Engineering, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Maital Neta
- Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA; Center for Brain, Biology, and Behavior, University of Nebraska Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Deanna J Greene
- Department of Cognitive Science, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Eric Mooshagian
- Department of Cognitive Science, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA; Systems Neurobiology Laboratories, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
D'Andrea CB, Laumann TO, Newbold DJ, Nelson SM, Nielsen AN, Chauvin R, Marek S, Greene DJ, Dosenbach NUF, Gordon EM. Substructure of the brain's Cingulo-Opercular network. bioRxiv 2023:2023.10.10.561772. [PMID: 37873065 PMCID: PMC10592749 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.10.561772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
The Cingulo-Opercular network (CON) is an executive network of the human brain that regulates actions. CON is composed of many widely distributed cortical regions that are involved in top-down control over both lower-level (i.e., motor) and higher-level (i.e., cognitive) functions, as well as in processing of painful stimuli. Given the topographical and functional heterogeneity of the CON, we investigated whether subnetworks within the CON support separable aspects of action control. Using precision functional mapping (PFM) in 15 participants with > 5 hours of resting state functional connectivity (RSFC) and task data, we identified three anatomically and functionally distinct CON subnetworks within each individual. These three distinct subnetworks were linked to Decisions, Actions, and Feedback (including pain processing), respectively, in convergence with a meta-analytic task database. These Decision, Action and Feedback subnetworks represent pathways by which the brain establishes top-down goals, transforms those goals into actions, implemented as movements, and processes critical action feedback such as pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Badke D'Andrea
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
- Department of Cognitive Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63310, USA
| | - Timothy O Laumann
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
| | - Dillan J Newbold
- Department of Neurology, New York University Medical Center, New York, New York 10016, USA
| | - Steven M Nelson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - Ashley N Nielsen
- Department of Neurology, New York University Medical Center, New York, New York 10016, USA
| | - Roselyne Chauvin
- Department of Neurology, New York University Medical Center, New York, New York 10016, USA
| | - Scott Marek
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
| | - Deanna J Greene
- Department of Cognitive Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Nico U F Dosenbach
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
- Program in Occupational Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
| | - Evan M Gordon
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Rajesh A, Seider NA, Newbold DJ, Adeyemo B, Marek S, Greene DJ, Snyder AZ, Shimony JS, Laumann TO, Dosenbach NUF, Gordon EM. Structure-Function Coupling in Highly Sampled Individual Brains. bioRxiv 2023:2023.10.04.560909. [PMID: 37873167 PMCID: PMC10592963 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.04.560909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Structural connections (SC) between distant regions of the brain support synchronized function known as functional connectivity (FC) and give rise to the large-scale brain networks that enable cognition and behavior. Understanding how SC enables FC is important to understand how injuries to structural connections may alter brain function and cognition. Previous work evaluating whole-brain SC-FC relationships showed that SC explained FC well in unimodal visual and motor areas, but only weakly in association areas, suggesting a unimodal-heteromodal gradient organization of SC-FC coupling. However, this work was conducted in group-averaged SC/FC data. Thus, it could not account for inter-individual variability in the locations of cortical areas and white matter tracts. We evaluated the correspondence of SC and FC within three highly sampled healthy participants. For each participant, we collected 78 minutes of diffusion-weighted MRI for SC and 360 minutes of resting state fMRI for FC. We found that FC was best explained by SC in visual and motor systems, as well as in anterior and posterior cingulate regions. A unimodal-to-heteromodal gradient could not fully explain SC-FC coupling. We conclude that the SC-FC coupling of the anterior-posterior cingulate circuit is more similar to unimodal areas than to heteromodal areas. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Structural connections between distant regions of the human brain support networked function that enables cognition and behavior. Improving our understanding of how structure enables function could allow better insight into how brain disconnection injuries impair brain function.Previous work using neuroimaging suggested that structure-function relationships vary systematically across the brain, with structure better explaining function in basic visual/motor areas than in higher-order areas. However, this work was conducted in group-averaged data, which may obscure details of individual-specific structure-function relationships.Using individual-specific densely sampled neuroimaging data, we found that in addition to visual/motor regions, structure strongly predicts function in specific circuits of the higher-order cingulate gyrus. The cingulate's structure-function relationship suggests that its organization may be unique among higher-order cortical regions.
Collapse
|
4
|
Badke D’Andrea C, Marek S, Van AN, Miller RL, Earl EA, Stewart SB, Dosenbach NUF, Schlaggar BL, Laumann TO, Fair DA, Gordon EM, Greene DJ. Thalamo-cortical and cerebello-cortical functional connectivity in development. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:9250-9262. [PMID: 37293735 PMCID: PMC10492576 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The thalamus is a critical relay center for neural pathways involving sensory, motor, and cognitive functions, including cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical and cortico-ponto-cerebello-thalamo-cortical loops. Despite the importance of these circuits, their development has been understudied. One way to investigate these pathways in human development in vivo is with functional connectivity MRI, yet few studies have examined thalamo-cortical and cerebello-cortical functional connectivity in development. Here, we used resting-state functional connectivity to measure functional connectivity in the thalamus and cerebellum with previously defined cortical functional networks in 2 separate data sets of children (7-12 years old) and adults (19-40 years old). In both data sets, we found stronger functional connectivity between the ventral thalamus and the somatomotor face cortical functional network in children compared with adults, extending previous cortico-striatal functional connectivity findings. In addition, there was more cortical network integration (i.e. strongest functional connectivity with multiple networks) in the thalamus in children than in adults. We found no developmental differences in cerebello-cortical functional connectivity. Together, these results suggest different maturation patterns in cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical and cortico-ponto-cerebellar-thalamo-cortical pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Badke D’Andrea
- Department of Cognitive Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States
| | - Scott Marek
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States
| | - Andrew N Van
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, United States
| | - Ryland L Miller
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States
| | - Eric A Earl
- Data Science and Sharing Team, National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, MD 20899, United States
| | - Stephanie B Stewart
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, United States
| | - Nico U F Dosenbach
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States
- Program in Occupational Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States
| | | | - Timothy O Laumann
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States
| | - Damien A Fair
- Institute of Child Development, College of Education and Human Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States
| | - Evan M Gordon
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States
| | - Deanna J Greene
- Department of Cognitive Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Conelea C, Greene DJ, Alexander J, Houlihan K, Hodapp S, Wellen B, Francis S, Mueller B, Hendrickson T, Tseng A, Chen M, Fiecas M, Lim K, Opitz A, Jacob S. The CBIT + TMS trial: study protocol for a two-phase randomized controlled trial testing neuromodulation to augment behavior therapy for youth with chronic tics. Trials 2023; 24:439. [PMID: 37400828 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-023-07455-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Comprehensive Behavioral Intervention for Tics (CBIT) is a first-line treatment for tic disorders that aims to improve controllability over tics that an individual finds distressing or impairing. However, it is only effective for approximately half of patients. Supplementary motor area (SMA)-directed neurocircuitry plays a strong role in motor inhibition, and activity in this region is thought to contribute to tic expression. Targeted modulation of SMA using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) may increase CBIT efficacy by improving patients' ability to implement tic controllability behaviors. METHODS The CBIT + TMS trial is a two-phase, milestone-driven early-stage randomized controlled trial. The trial will test whether augmenting CBIT with inhibitory, non-invasive stimulation of SMA with TMS modifies activity in SMA-mediated circuits and enhances tic controllability in youth ages 12-21 years with chronic tics. Phase 1 will directly compare two rTMS augmentation strategies (1 Hz rTMS vs. cTBS) vs. sham in N = 60 participants. Quantifiable, a priori "Go/No Go Criteria" guide the decision to proceed to phase 2 and the selection of the optimal TMS regimen. Phase 2 will compare the optimal regimen vs. sham and test the link between neural target engagement and clinical outcomes in a new sample of N = 60 participants. DISCUSSION This clinical trial is one of few to date testing TMS augmentation of therapy in a pediatric sample. The results will provide insight into whether TMS is a potentially viable strategy for enhancing CBIT efficacy and reveal potential neural and behavioral mechanisms of change. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04578912 . Registered on October 8, 2020.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christine Conelea
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, 2025 E. River Parkway, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA.
| | - Deanna J Greene
- Department of Cognitive Science, University of California San Diego, San Diego, USA
| | - Jennifer Alexander
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, 2025 E. River Parkway, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA
| | - Kerry Houlihan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, 2025 E. River Parkway, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA
| | - Sarah Hodapp
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, 2025 E. River Parkway, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA
| | - Brianna Wellen
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, 2025 E. River Parkway, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA
| | - Sunday Francis
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | - Bryon Mueller
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | - Tim Hendrickson
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota Informatics Institute, Minneapolis, USA
| | - Angela Tseng
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, 2025 E. River Parkway, Minneapolis, MN, 55414, USA
| | - Mo Chen
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
- Non-Invasive Neuromodulation Lab, Brain Conditions, MnDRIVE Initiative, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
- Neuroscience Program, Research Department, Gillette Children's Specialty Healthcare, Saint Paul, USA
| | - Mark Fiecas
- School of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | - Kelvin Lim
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | - Alexander Opitz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | - Suma Jacob
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Gordon EM, Chauvin RJ, Van AN, Rajesh A, Nielsen A, Newbold DJ, Lynch CJ, Seider NA, Krimmel SR, Scheidter KM, Monk J, Miller RL, Metoki A, Montez DF, Zheng A, Elbau I, Madison T, Nishino T, Myers MJ, Kaplan S, Badke D'Andrea C, Demeter DV, Feigelis M, Ramirez JSB, Xu T, Barch DM, Smyser CD, Rogers CE, Zimmermann J, Botteron KN, Pruett JR, Willie JT, Brunner P, Shimony JS, Kay BP, Marek S, Norris SA, Gratton C, Sylvester CM, Power JD, Liston C, Greene DJ, Roland JL, Petersen SE, Raichle ME, Laumann TO, Fair DA, Dosenbach NUF. A somato-cognitive action network alternates with effector regions in motor cortex. Nature 2023; 617:351-359. [PMID: 37076628 PMCID: PMC10172144 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-05964-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 74.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
Motor cortex (M1) has been thought to form a continuous somatotopic homunculus extending down the precentral gyrus from foot to face representations1,2, despite evidence for concentric functional zones3 and maps of complex actions4. Here, using precision functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) methods, we find that the classic homunculus is interrupted by regions with distinct connectivity, structure and function, alternating with effector-specific (foot, hand and mouth) areas. These inter-effector regions exhibit decreased cortical thickness and strong functional connectivity to each other, as well as to the cingulo-opercular network (CON), critical for action5 and physiological control6, arousal7, errors8 and pain9. This interdigitation of action control-linked and motor effector regions was verified in the three largest fMRI datasets. Macaque and pediatric (newborn, infant and child) precision fMRI suggested cross-species homologues and developmental precursors of the inter-effector system. A battery of motor and action fMRI tasks documented concentric effector somatotopies, separated by the CON-linked inter-effector regions. The inter-effectors lacked movement specificity and co-activated during action planning (coordination of hands and feet) and axial body movement (such as of the abdomen or eyebrows). These results, together with previous studies demonstrating stimulation-evoked complex actions4 and connectivity to internal organs10 such as the adrenal medulla, suggest that M1 is punctuated by a system for whole-body action planning, the somato-cognitive action network (SCAN). In M1, two parallel systems intertwine, forming an integrate-isolate pattern: effector-specific regions (foot, hand and mouth) for isolating fine motor control and the SCAN for integrating goals, physiology and body movement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evan M Gordon
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA.
| | - Roselyne J Chauvin
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Andrew N Van
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Aishwarya Rajesh
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ashley Nielsen
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Dillan J Newbold
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Neurology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Charles J Lynch
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nicole A Seider
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Samuel R Krimmel
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Kristen M Scheidter
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Julia Monk
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ryland L Miller
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Athanasia Metoki
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - David F Montez
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Annie Zheng
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Immanuel Elbau
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Thomas Madison
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Tomoyuki Nishino
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Michael J Myers
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Sydney Kaplan
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Carolina Badke D'Andrea
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Cognitive Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Damion V Demeter
- Department of Cognitive Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Matthew Feigelis
- Department of Cognitive Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Julian S B Ramirez
- Center for the Developing Brain, Child Mind Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ting Xu
- Center for the Developing Brain, Child Mind Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Deanna M Barch
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Christopher D Smyser
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Cynthia E Rogers
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jan Zimmermann
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Kelly N Botteron
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - John R Pruett
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jon T Willie
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Peter Brunner
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Joshua S Shimony
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Benjamin P Kay
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Scott Marek
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Scott A Norris
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Caterina Gratton
- Department of Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Chad M Sylvester
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jonathan D Power
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Conor Liston
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Deanna J Greene
- Department of Cognitive Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jarod L Roland
- Department of Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Steven E Petersen
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Marcus E Raichle
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Timothy O Laumann
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Damien A Fair
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, United States
| | - Nico U F Dosenbach
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA.
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St Louis, MO, USA.
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St Louis, MO, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA.
- Program in Occupational Therapy, Washington University in St. Louis, St Louis, MO, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhao W, Makowski C, Hagler DJ, Garavan HP, Thompson WK, Greene DJ, Jernigan TL, Dale AM. Task fMRI paradigms may capture more behaviorally relevant information than resting-state functional connectivity. Neuroimage 2023; 270:119946. [PMID: 36801369 PMCID: PMC11037888 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.119946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Characterizing the optimal fMRI paradigms for detecting behaviorally relevant functional connectivity (FC) patterns is a critical step to furthering our knowledge of the neural basis of behavior. Previous studies suggested that FC patterns derived from task fMRI paradigms, which we refer to as task-based FC, are better correlated with individual differences in behavior than resting-state FC, but the consistency and generalizability of this advantage across task conditions was not fully explored. Using data from resting-state fMRI and three fMRI tasks from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study ® (ABCD), we tested whether the observed improvement in behavioral prediction power of task-based FC can be attributed to changes in brain activity induced by the task design. We decomposed the task fMRI time course of each task into the task model fit (the fitted time course of the task condition regressors from the single-subject general linear model) and the task model residuals, calculated their respective FC, and compared the behavioral prediction performance of these FC estimates to resting-state FC and the original task-based FC. The FC of the task model fit was better than the FC of the task model residual and resting-state FC at predicting a measure of general cognitive ability or two measures of performance on the fMRI tasks. The superior behavioral prediction performance of the FC of the task model fit was content-specific insofar as it was only observed for fMRI tasks that probed similar cognitive constructs to the predicted behavior of interest. To our surprise, the task model parameters, the beta estimates of the task condition regressors, were equally if not more predictive of behavioral differences than all FC measures. These results showed that the observed improvement of behavioral prediction afforded by task-based FC was largely driven by the FC patterns associated with the task design. Together with previous studies, our findings highlighted the importance of task design in eliciting behaviorally meaningful brain activation and FC patterns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weiqi Zhao
- Department of Cognitive Science, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92161, USA
| | - Carolina Makowski
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92161, USA
| | - Donald J Hagler
- University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92161, USA
| | | | | | - Deanna J Greene
- Department of Cognitive Science, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92161, USA
| | - Terry L Jernigan
- Department of Cognitive Science, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92161, USA; Center for Human Development, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92161, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Anders M Dale
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Center for Multimodal Imaging and Genetics, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, 9444 Medical Center Dr, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Department of Neuroscience, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Montez DF, Van AN, Miller RL, Seider NA, Marek S, Zheng A, Newbold DJ, Scheidter K, Feczko E, Perrone AJ, Miranda-Dominguez O, Earl EA, Kay BP, Jha AK, Sotiras A, Laumann TO, Greene DJ, Gordon EM, Tisdall MD, van der Kouwe A, Fair DA, Dosenbach NUF. Using synthetic MR images for distortion correction. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2023; 60:101234. [PMID: 37023632 PMCID: PMC10106483 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2023.101234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Functional MRI (fMRI) data acquired using echo-planar imaging (EPI) are highly distorted by magnetic field inhomogeneities. Distortion and differences in image contrast between EPI and T1-weighted and T2-weighted (T1w/T2w) images makes their alignment a challenge. Typically, field map data are used to correct EPI distortions. Alignments achieved with field maps can vary greatly and depends on the quality of field map data. However, many public datasets lack field map data entirely. Additionally, reliable field map data is often difficult to acquire in high-motion pediatric or developmental cohorts. To address this, we developed Synth, a software package for distortion correction and cross-modal image registration that does not require field map data. Synth combines information from T1w and T2w anatomical images to construct an idealized undistorted synthetic image with similar contrast properties to EPI data. This synthetic image acts as an effective reference for individual-specific distortion correction. Using pediatric (ABCD: Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development) and adult (MSC: Midnight Scan Club; HCP: Human Connectome Project) data, we demonstrate that Synth performs comparably to field map distortion correction approaches, and often outperforms them. Field map-less distortion correction with Synth allows accurate and precise registration of fMRI data with missing or corrupted field map information.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David F Montez
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States of America; Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States of America.
| | - Andrew N Van
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States of America; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States of America
| | - Ryland L Miller
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States of America; Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States of America
| | - Nicole A Seider
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States of America
| | - Scott Marek
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States of America
| | - Annie Zheng
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States of America
| | - Dillan J Newbold
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States of America; Department of Neurology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, United States of America
| | - Kristen Scheidter
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States of America; Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States of America
| | - Eric Feczko
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States of America; Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States of America
| | - Anders J Perrone
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States of America; Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, United States of America
| | - Oscar Miranda-Dominguez
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States of America; Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States of America
| | - Eric A Earl
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States of America; Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, United States of America
| | - Benjamin P Kay
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States of America
| | - Abhinav K Jha
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States of America; Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States of America
| | - Aristeidis Sotiras
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States of America; Institute for Informatics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States of America
| | - Timothy O Laumann
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States of America
| | - Deanna J Greene
- Department of Cognitive Science, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla CA 92093, United States of America
| | - Evan M Gordon
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States of America
| | - M Dylan Tisdall
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States of America
| | - Andre van der Kouwe
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Charlestown, MA 02129, United States of America; Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, United States of America
| | - Damien A Fair
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States of America; Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States of America; Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States of America
| | - Nico U F Dosenbach
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States of America; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States of America; Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States of America; Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ricketts EJ, Swisher V, Greene DJ, Silverman D, Nofzinger EA, Colwell CS. Sleep Disturbance in Tourette's Disorder: Potential Underlying Mechanisms. Curr Sleep Med Rep 2023; 9:10-22. [PMID: 37636897 PMCID: PMC10457082 DOI: 10.1007/s40675-022-00242-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Purpose of review Sleep disturbance is common in TD. However, our understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms involved is preliminary. This review summarizes findings from neuroimaging, genetic, and animal studies to elucidate potential underlying mechanisms of sleep disruption in TD. Recent findings Preliminary neuroimaging research indicates increased activity in the premotor cortex, and decreased activity in the prefrontal cortex is associated with NREM sleep in TD. Striatal dopamine exhibits a circadian rhythm; and is influenced by the suprachiasmatic nucleus via multiple molecular mechanisms. Conversely, dopamine receptors regulate circadian function and striatal expression of circadian genes. The association of TD with restless legs syndrome and periodic limb movements indicates shared pathophysiology, including iron deficiency, and variants in the BTDB9 gene. A mutations in the L-Histidine Decarboxylase gene in TD, suggests the involvement of the histaminergic system, implicated in arousal, in TD. Summary These biological markers have implications for application of novel, targeted interventions, including noninvasive neuromodulation, iron supplementation, histamine receptor antagonists, and circadian-based therapies for tic symptoms and/or sleep and circadian rhythms in TD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily J Ricketts
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Valerie Swisher
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Deanna J Greene
- Department of Cognitive Science, University of California, San Diego
| | - Daniel Silverman
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Eric A Nofzinger
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
| | - Christopher S Colwell
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Seider NA, Adeyemo B, Miller R, Newbold DJ, Hampton JM, Scheidter KM, Rutlin J, Laumann TO, Roland JL, Montez DF, Van AN, Zheng A, Marek S, Kay BP, Bretthorst GL, Schlaggar BL, Greene DJ, Wang Y, Petersen SE, Barch DM, Gordon EM, Snyder AZ, Shimony JS, Dosenbach NUF. Accuracy and reliability of diffusion imaging models. Neuroimage 2022; 254:119138. [PMID: 35339687 PMCID: PMC9841915 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Diffusion imaging aims to non-invasively characterize the anatomy and integrity of the brain's white matter fibers. We evaluated the accuracy and reliability of commonly used diffusion imaging methods as a function of data quantity and analysis method, using both simulations and highly sampled individual-specific data (927-1442 diffusion weighted images [DWIs] per individual). Diffusion imaging methods that allow for crossing fibers (FSL's BedpostX [BPX], DSI Studio's Constant Solid Angle Q-Ball Imaging [CSA-QBI], MRtrix3's Constrained Spherical Deconvolution [CSD]) estimated excess fibers when insufficient data were present and/or when the data did not match the model priors. To reduce such overfitting, we developed a novel Bayesian Multi-tensor Model-selection (BaMM) method and applied it to the popular ball-and-stick model used in BedpostX within the FSL software package. BaMM was robust to overfitting and showed high reliability and the relatively best crossing-fiber accuracy with increasing amounts of diffusion data. Thus, sufficient data and an overfitting resistant analysis method enhance precision diffusion imaging. For potential clinical applications of diffusion imaging, such as neurosurgical planning and deep brain stimulation (DBS), the quantities of data required to achieve diffusion imaging reliability are lower than those needed for functional MRI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole A Seider
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States of America
| | - Babatunde Adeyemo
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States of America
| | - Ryland Miller
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States of America; Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States of America
| | - Dillan J Newbold
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States of America; Department of Neurology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, United States of America
| | - Jacqueline M Hampton
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States of America
| | - Kristen M Scheidter
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States of America; Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States of America
| | - Jerrel Rutlin
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States of America
| | - Timothy O Laumann
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States of America
| | - Jarod L Roland
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110 United States of America
| | - David F Montez
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States of America
| | - Andrew N Van
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States of America; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States of America
| | - Annie Zheng
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States of America
| | - Scott Marek
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States of America
| | - Benjamin P Kay
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States of America
| | - G Larry Bretthorst
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States of America; Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States of America
| | - Bradley L Schlaggar
- Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States of America; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, United States of America; Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, United States of America
| | - Deanna J Greene
- Department of Cognitive Science, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States of America
| | - Yong Wang
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States of America; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States of America; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States of America
| | - Steven E Petersen
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States of America; Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States of America; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States of America; Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States of America; Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, MO 63110, United States of America
| | - Deanna M Barch
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States of America; Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States of America; Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, MO 63110, United States of America
| | - Evan M Gordon
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States of America
| | - Abraham Z Snyder
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States of America; Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States of America
| | - Joshua S Shimony
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States of America; Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States of America
| | - Nico U F Dosenbach
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States of America; Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States of America; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States of America; Program in Occupational Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States of America; Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Gordon EM, Laumann TO, Marek S, Newbold DJ, Hampton JM, Seider NA, Montez DF, Nielsen AM, Van AN, Zheng A, Miller R, Siegel JS, Kay BP, Snyder AZ, Greene DJ, Schlaggar BL, Petersen SE, Nelson SM, Dosenbach NUF. Individualized Functional Subnetworks Connect Human Striatum and Frontal Cortex. Cereb Cortex 2022; 32:2868-2884. [PMID: 34718460 PMCID: PMC9247416 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhab387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The striatum and cerebral cortex are interconnected via multiple recurrent loops that play a major role in many neuropsychiatric conditions. Primate corticostriatal connections can be precisely mapped using invasive tract-tracing. However, noninvasive human research has not mapped these connections with anatomical precision, limited in part by the practice of averaging neuroimaging data across individuals. Here we utilized highly sampled resting-state functional connectivity MRI for individual-specific precision functional mapping (PFM) of corticostriatal connections. We identified ten individual-specific subnetworks linking cortex-predominately frontal cortex-to striatum, most of which converged with nonhuman primate tract-tracing work. These included separable connections between nucleus accumbens core/shell and orbitofrontal/medial frontal gyrus; between anterior striatum and dorsomedial prefrontal cortex; between dorsal caudate and lateral prefrontal cortex; and between middle/posterior putamen and supplementary motor/primary motor cortex. Two subnetworks that did not converge with nonhuman primates were connected to cortical regions associated with human language function. Thus, precision subnetworks identify detailed, individual-specific, neurobiologically plausible corticostriatal connectivity that includes human-specific language networks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evan M Gordon
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Timothy O Laumann
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Scott Marek
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Dillan J Newbold
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jacqueline M Hampton
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Nicole A Seider
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - David F Montez
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Ashley M Nielsen
- Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Andrew N Van
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Annie Zheng
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Ryland Miller
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Joshua S Siegel
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Benjamin P Kay
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Abraham Z Snyder
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Deanna J Greene
- Department of Cognitive Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Bradley L Schlaggar
- Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Steven E Petersen
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Steven M Nelson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA
| | - Nico U F Dosenbach
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Program in Occupational Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
D’Andrea CB, Kenley JK, Montez DF, Mirro AE, Miller RL, Earl EA, Koller JM, Sung S, Yacoub E, Elison JT, Fair DA, Dosenbach NU, Rogers CE, Smyser CD, Greene DJ. Real-time motion monitoring improves functional MRI data quality in infants. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2022; 55:101116. [PMID: 35636344 PMCID: PMC9157440 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2022.101116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Imaging the infant brain with MRI has improved our understanding of early neurodevelopment. However, head motion during MRI acquisition is detrimental to both functional and structural MRI scan quality. Though infants are typically scanned while asleep, they commonly exhibit motion during scanning causing data loss. Our group has shown that providing MRI technicians with real-time motion estimates via Framewise Integrated Real-Time MRI Monitoring (FIRMM) software helps obtain high-quality, low motion fMRI data. By estimating head motion in real time and displaying motion metrics to the MR technician during an fMRI scan, FIRMM can improve scanning efficiency. Here, we compared average framewise displacement (FD), a proxy for head motion, and the amount of usable fMRI data (FD ≤ 0.2 mm) in infants scanned with (n = 407) and without FIRMM (n = 295). Using a mixed-effects model, we found that the addition of FIRMM to current state-of-the-art infant scanning protocols significantly increased the amount of usable fMRI data acquired per infant, demonstrating its value for research and clinical infant neuroimaging. MRI studies of the infant brain are critical for studying early neurodevelopment. Head motion diminishes MRI data quality, which can adversely affect infant imaging. We show that real-time head motion monitoring improves fMRI scan quality in infants. Being able to monitor motion during fMRI acquisition improves scanning efficiency.
Collapse
|
13
|
Marek S, Tervo-Clemmens B, Calabro FJ, Montez DF, Kay BP, Hatoum AS, Donohue MR, Foran W, Miller RL, Hendrickson TJ, Malone SM, Kandala S, Feczko E, Miranda-Dominguez O, Graham AM, Earl EA, Perrone AJ, Cordova M, Doyle O, Moore LA, Conan GM, Uriarte J, Snider K, Lynch BJ, Wilgenbusch JC, Pengo T, Tam A, Chen J, Newbold DJ, Zheng A, Seider NA, Van AN, Metoki A, Chauvin RJ, Laumann TO, Greene DJ, Petersen SE, Garavan H, Thompson WK, Nichols TE, Yeo BTT, Barch DM, Luna B, Fair DA, Dosenbach NUF. Reproducible brain-wide association studies require thousands of individuals. Nature 2022; 603:654-660. [PMID: 35296861 PMCID: PMC8991999 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-04492-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 666] [Impact Index Per Article: 333.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has transformed our understanding of the human brain through well-replicated mapping of abilities to specific structures (for example, lesion studies) and functions1-3 (for example, task functional MRI (fMRI)). Mental health research and care have yet to realize similar advances from MRI. A primary challenge has been replicating associations between inter-individual differences in brain structure or function and complex cognitive or mental health phenotypes (brain-wide association studies (BWAS)). Such BWAS have typically relied on sample sizes appropriate for classical brain mapping4 (the median neuroimaging study sample size is about 25), but potentially too small for capturing reproducible brain-behavioural phenotype associations5,6. Here we used three of the largest neuroimaging datasets currently available-with a total sample size of around 50,000 individuals-to quantify BWAS effect sizes and reproducibility as a function of sample size. BWAS associations were smaller than previously thought, resulting in statistically underpowered studies, inflated effect sizes and replication failures at typical sample sizes. As sample sizes grew into the thousands, replication rates began to improve and effect size inflation decreased. More robust BWAS effects were detected for functional MRI (versus structural), cognitive tests (versus mental health questionnaires) and multivariate methods (versus univariate). Smaller than expected brain-phenotype associations and variability across population subsamples can explain widespread BWAS replication failures. In contrast to non-BWAS approaches with larger effects (for example, lesions, interventions and within-person), BWAS reproducibility requires samples with thousands of individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Scott Marek
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA.
| | - Brenden Tervo-Clemmens
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Finnegan J Calabro
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - David F Montez
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Benjamin P Kay
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Alexander S Hatoum
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Meghan Rose Donohue
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - William Foran
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ryland L Miller
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Timothy J Hendrickson
- University of Minnesota Informatics Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Stephen M Malone
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Sridhar Kandala
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Eric Feczko
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Oscar Miranda-Dominguez
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Alice M Graham
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Eric A Earl
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Anders J Perrone
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Michaela Cordova
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Olivia Doyle
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Lucille A Moore
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Gregory M Conan
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Johnny Uriarte
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Kathy Snider
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Benjamin J Lynch
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - James C Wilgenbusch
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Thomas Pengo
- University of Minnesota Informatics Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Angela Tam
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Centre for Sleep and Cognition, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Centre for Translational MR Research, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- N.1 Institute for Health, Institute for Digital Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jianzhong Chen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Centre for Sleep and Cognition, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Centre for Translational MR Research, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- N.1 Institute for Health, Institute for Digital Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Dillan J Newbold
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Annie Zheng
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Nicole A Seider
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Andrew N Van
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Athanasia Metoki
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Roselyne J Chauvin
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Timothy O Laumann
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Deanna J Greene
- Department of Cognitive Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Steven E Petersen
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Hugh Garavan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Wesley K Thompson
- Division of Biostatistics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Thomas E Nichols
- Oxford Big Data Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - B T Thomas Yeo
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Centre for Sleep and Cognition, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Centre for Translational MR Research, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- N.1 Institute for Health, Institute for Digital Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Integrative Sciences and Engineering Programme, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Deanna M Barch
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Beatriz Luna
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Damien A Fair
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
- Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
| | - Nico U F Dosenbach
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA.
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA.
- Program in Occupational Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Beeler P, Jensen NO, Kim S, Robichaux-Viehoever A, Schlaggar BL, Greene DJ, Black KJ, Chakrabarty RK. Fractality of tics as a quantitative assessment tool for Tourette syndrome. J R Soc Interface 2022; 19:20210742. [PMID: 35193387 PMCID: PMC8864347 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2021.0742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Tics manifest as brief, purposeless and unintentional movements or noises that, for many individuals, can be suppressed temporarily with effort. Previous work has hypothesized that the chaotic temporal nature of tics could possess an inherent fractality, that is, have neighbour-to-neighbour correlation at all levels of timescale. However, demonstrating this phenomenon has eluded researchers for more than two decades, primarily because of the challenges associated with estimating the scale-invariant, power law exponent—called the fractal dimension Df—from fractional Brownian noise. Here, we confirm this hypothesis and establish the fractality of tics by examining two tic time series datasets collected 6–12 months apart in children with tics, using random walk models and directional statistics. We find that Df is correlated with tic severity as measured by the YGTTS total tic score, and that Df is a sensitive parameter in examining the effect of several tic suppression conditions on the tic time series. Our findings pave the way for using the fractal nature of tics as a robust quantitative tool for estimating tic severity and treatment effectiveness, as well as a possible marker for differentiating typical from functional tics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Payton Beeler
- Center for Aerosol Science and Engineering, Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Nicholas O Jensen
- Computational and Systems Biology Program, Division of Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Soyoung Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | | | - Bradley L Schlaggar
- Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Departments of Neurology and Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Deanna J Greene
- Department of Cognitive Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Kevin J Black
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63130, USA.,Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63130, USA.,Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63130, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Rajan K Chakrabarty
- Center for Aerosol Science and Engineering, Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO 63110, USA.,Institute for Public Health, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Paschou P, Jin Y, Müller-Vahl K, Möller HE, Rizzo R, Hoekstra PJ, Roessner V, Mol Debes N, Worbe Y, Hartmann A, Mir P, Cath D, Neuner I, Eichele H, Zhang C, Lewandowska K, Munchau A, Verrel J, Musil R, Silk TJ, Hanlon CA, Bihun ED, Brandt V, Dietrich A, Forde N, Ganos C, Greene DJ, Chu C, Grothe MJ, Hershey T, Janik P, Koller JM, Martin-Rodriguez JF, Müller K, Palmucci S, Prato A, Ramkiran S, Saia F, Szejko N, Torrecuso R, Tumer Z, Uhlmann A, Veselinovic T, Wolańczyk T, Zouki JJ, Jain P, Topaloudi A, Kaka M, Yang Z, Drineas P, Thomopoulos SI, White T, Veltman DJ, Schmaal L, Stein DJ, Buitelaar J, Franke B, van den Heuvel O, Jahanshad N, Thompson PM, Black KJ. Enhancing neuroimaging genetics through meta-analysis for Tourette syndrome (ENIGMA-TS): A worldwide platform for collaboration. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:958688. [PMID: 36072455 PMCID: PMC9443935 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.958688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tourette syndrome (TS) is characterized by multiple motor and vocal tics, and high-comorbidity rates with other neuropsychiatric disorders. Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), major depressive disorder (MDD), and anxiety disorders (AXDs) are among the most prevalent TS comorbidities. To date, studies on TS brain structure and function have been limited in size with efforts mostly fragmented. This leads to low-statistical power, discordant results due to differences in approaches, and hinders the ability to stratify patients according to clinical parameters and investigate comorbidity patterns. Here, we present the scientific premise, perspectives, and key goals that have motivated the establishment of the Enhancing Neuroimaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis for TS (ENIGMA-TS) working group. The ENIGMA-TS working group is an international collaborative effort bringing together a large network of investigators who aim to understand brain structure and function in TS and dissect the underlying neurobiology that leads to observed comorbidity patterns and clinical heterogeneity. Previously collected TS neuroimaging data will be analyzed jointly and integrated with TS genomic data, as well as equivalently large and already existing studies of highly comorbid OCD, ADHD, ASD, MDD, and AXD. Our work highlights the power of collaborative efforts and transdiagnostic approaches, and points to the existence of different TS subtypes. ENIGMA-TS will offer large-scale, high-powered studies that will lead to important insights toward understanding brain structure and function and genetic effects in TS and related disorders, and the identification of biomarkers that could help inform improved clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peristera Paschou
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Yin Jin
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Kirsten Müller-Vahl
- Department of Psychiatry, Hannover University Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Harald E Möller
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Renata Rizzo
- Radiology Unit 1, Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Pieter J Hoekstra
- University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Veit Roessner
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Technische Universität (TU) Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Nanette Mol Debes
- Department of Pediatrics, Herlev University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Yulia Worbe
- Department of Neurophysiology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | | | - Pablo Mir
- Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología Clínica, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville, Seville, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Danielle Cath
- University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Irene Neuner
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.,Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 4, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany.,JARA BRAIN-Translational Medicine, Aachen, Germany
| | - Heike Eichele
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Chencheng Zhang
- Shanghai Research Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Alexander Munchau
- Institute of Systems Motor Science, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Julius Verrel
- Institute of Systems Motor Science, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Richard Musil
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Tim J Silk
- Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Colleen A Hanlon
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Emily D Bihun
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Valerie Brandt
- Centre for Innovation in Mental Health, School of Psychology, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Andrea Dietrich
- University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Natalie Forde
- Radboud University Medical Centre, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Christos Ganos
- Department of Neurology, Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Deanna J Greene
- Department of Cognitive Science, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Chunguang Chu
- Shanghai Research Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Shanghai, China
| | - Michel J Grothe
- Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología Clínica, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville, Seville, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Tamara Hershey
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Piotr Janik
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jonathan M Koller
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Juan Francisco Martin-Rodriguez
- Unidad de Trastornos del Movimiento, Servicio de Neurología y Neurofisiología Clínica, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville, Seville, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Karsten Müller
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stefano Palmucci
- Radiology Unit 1, Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Adriana Prato
- Child and Adolescent Neurology and Psychiatric Section, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Catania University, Catania, Italy
| | - Shukti Ramkiran
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.,Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 4, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany.,JARA BRAIN-Translational Medicine, Aachen, Germany
| | - Federica Saia
- Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Natalia Szejko
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Renzo Torrecuso
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Zeynep Tumer
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Kennedy Center, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Anne Uhlmann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Technische Universität (TU) Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Tanja Veselinovic
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Tomasz Wolańczyk
- Department of Child Psychiatry, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Pritesh Jain
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Apostolia Topaloudi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Mary Kaka
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Zhiyu Yang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Petros Drineas
- Department of Computer Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Sophia I Thomopoulos
- Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Tonya White
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Dick J Veltman
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Lianne Schmaal
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Dan J Stein
- South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC) Unit on Risk and Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Jan Buitelaar
- Radboud University Medical Centre, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Barbara Franke
- Radboud University Medical Centre, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Odile van den Heuvel
- Department Psychiatry, Department Anatomy and Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Neda Jahanshad
- Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Paul M Thompson
- Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Kevin J Black
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zheng A, Montez DF, Marek S, Gilmore AW, Newbold DJ, Laumann TO, Kay BP, Seider NA, Van AN, Hampton JM, Alexopoulos D, Schlaggar BL, Sylvester CM, Greene DJ, Shimony JS, Nelson SM, Wig GS, Gratton C, McDermott KB, Raichle ME, Gordon EM, Dosenbach NUF. Parallel hippocampal-parietal circuits for self- and goal-oriented processing. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2101743118. [PMID: 34404728 PMCID: PMC8403906 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2101743118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The hippocampus is critically important for a diverse range of cognitive processes, such as episodic memory, prospective memory, affective processing, and spatial navigation. Using individual-specific precision functional mapping of resting-state functional MRI data, we found the anterior hippocampus (head and body) to be preferentially functionally connected to the default mode network (DMN), as expected. The hippocampal tail, however, was strongly preferentially functionally connected to the parietal memory network (PMN), which supports goal-oriented cognition and stimulus recognition. This anterior-posterior dichotomy of resting-state functional connectivity was well-matched by differences in task deactivations and anatomical segmentations of the hippocampus. Task deactivations were localized to the hippocampal head and body (DMN), relatively sparing the tail (PMN). The functional dichotomization of the hippocampus into anterior DMN-connected and posterior PMN-connected parcels suggests parallel but distinct circuits between the hippocampus and medial parietal cortex for self- versus goal-oriented processing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annie Zheng
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110;
| | - David F Montez
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Scott Marek
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Adrian W Gilmore
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130
| | - Dillan J Newbold
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Timothy O Laumann
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Benjamin P Kay
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Nicole A Seider
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Andrew N Van
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Jacqueline M Hampton
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Dimitrios Alexopoulos
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Bradley L Schlaggar
- Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD 21205
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - Chad M Sylvester
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Deanna J Greene
- Department of Cognitive Science, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093
| | - Joshua S Shimony
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Steven M Nelson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55454
- Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55414
| | - Gagan S Wig
- Center for Vital Longevity, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX 75235
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Caterina Gratton
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
| | - Kathleen B McDermott
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Marcus E Raichle
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Evan M Gordon
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Nico U F Dosenbach
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110;
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
- Program in Occupational Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zhang J, Kucyi A, Raya J, Nielsen AN, Nomi JS, Damoiseaux JS, Greene DJ, Horovitz SG, Uddin LQ, Whitfield-Gabrieli S. What have we really learned from functional connectivity in clinical populations? Neuroimage 2021; 242:118466. [PMID: 34389443 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Functional connectivity (FC), or the statistical interdependence of blood-oxygen dependent level (BOLD) signals between brain regions using fMRI, has emerged as a widely used tool for probing functional abnormalities in clinical populations due to the promise of the approach across conceptual, technical, and practical levels. With an already vast and steadily accumulating neuroimaging literature on neurodevelopmental, psychiatric, and neurological diseases and disorders in which FC is a primary measure, we aim here to provide a high-level synthesis of major concepts that have arisen from FC findings in a manner that cuts across different clinical conditions and sheds light on overarching principles. We highlight that FC has allowed us to discover the ubiquity of intrinsic functional networks across virtually all brains and clarify typical patterns of neurodevelopment over the lifespan. This understanding of typical FC maturation with age has provided important benchmarks against which to evaluate divergent maturation in early life and degeneration in late life. This in turn has led to the important insight that many clinical conditions are associated with complex, distributed, network-level changes in the brain, as opposed to solely focal abnormalities. We further emphasize the important role that FC studies have played in supporting a dimensional approach to studying transdiagnostic clinical symptoms and in enhancing the multimodal characterization and prediction of the trajectory of symptom progression across conditions. We highlight the unprecedented opportunity offered by FC to probe functional abnormalities in clinical conditions where brain function could not be easily studied otherwise, such as in disorders of consciousness. Lastly, we suggest high priority areas for future research and acknowledge critical barriers associated with the use of FC methods, particularly those related to artifact removal, data denoising and feasibility in clinical contexts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiahe Zhang
- Department of Psychology, 125 Nightingale Hall, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Aaron Kucyi
- Department of Psychology, 125 Nightingale Hall, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jovicarole Raya
- Department of Psychology, 125 Nightingale Hall, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ashley N Nielsen
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jason S Nomi
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33124, USA
| | - Jessica S Damoiseaux
- Institute of Gerontology and Department of Psychology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Deanna J Greene
- Department of Cognitive Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | | | - Lucina Q Uddin
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33124, USA
| | - Susan Whitfield-Gabrieli
- Department of Psychology, 125 Nightingale Hall, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Abstract
Human functional brain networks can be reliably characterized within individuals using precision functional mapping. This approach entails the collection of large quantities of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data from each individual subject. Studies employing precision functional mapping in the cerebral cortex have found that individuals manifest unique representations of functional brain networks around a central tendency described by previous group average approaches. We recently extended precision functional mapping to the subcortex and cerebellum, which has revealed several novel organizational principles within these structures. Here, we detail these principles and provide insights into how precision functional mapping of subcortical structures and the cerebellum may become clinically translatable.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Scott Marek
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine
| | - Deanna J Greene
- Department of Cognitive Science, University of California San Diego
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To summarize and update information on the course of tic disorders from childhood through later life. RECENT FINDINGS Tics tend to improve substantially over the first year after they appear. However, contrary to widespread opinion, tics usually last longer than one year, though usually at minimal severity. Tics often wane to clinical insignificance over the teen years, possibly resurging occasionally over the lifespan. However, in an important minority of patients, tics remain clinically relevant throughout life. Tics rarely first come to clinical attention later in adulthood, but new reports describe additional such cases. SUMMARY Recent publications have shown tics to persist past a few months more often than previously thought, though often at minimal severity, and recurrence after an asymptomatic period is common. The safety and efficacy of behavior therapy for tics, together with prospective indicators of early prognosis, make feasible the possibility of bettering the lifetime course of tic disorders with early intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J. Black
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, 63110
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, 63110
- Department of Radiology Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, 63110
- Department of Neurosdence Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, 63110
| | - Soyoung Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, 63110
| | - Nancy Y. Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, 63110
| | - Deanna J. Greene
- Department of Cognitive Science, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, 92093
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Abstract
Purpose of review Tic disorders are common in the pediatric population and are differentiated from other movement disorders by tic suppressibility. Understanding the mechanism of tic suppression may provide new insights to the pathophysiology of tic disorders. This article highlights clinical phenomenology and neuronal correlates of tic suppressibility. Recent findings Recent studies suggest that tic suppressibility exists in children shortly after onset of their tics. Moreover, those who are better able to suppress their tics have better tic outcomes. Interoceptive awareness and automatic action inhibition may be involved in tic suppression. Summary We illustrate a possible underlying mechanism of tic suppressibility and its clinical correlations and implications. New concepts such as interoceptive awareness and action inhibition may help explain tic disorders. Further study will be useful to fill remaining knowledge gaps.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Ueda
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Soyoung Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Deanna J Greene
- Department of Cognitive Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kevin J Black
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Newbold DJ, Laumann TO, Hoyt CR, Hampton JM, Montez DF, Raut RV, Ortega M, Mitra A, Nielsen AN, Miller DB, Adeyemo B, Nguyen AL, Scheidter KM, Tanenbaum AB, Van AN, Marek S, Schlaggar BL, Carter AR, Greene DJ, Gordon EM, Raichle ME, Petersen SE, Snyder AZ, Dosenbach NUF. Plasticity and Spontaneous Activity Pulses in Disused Human Brain Circuits. Neuron 2020; 107:580-589.e6. [PMID: 32778224 PMCID: PMC7419711 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2020.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
To induce brain plasticity in humans, we casted the dominant upper extremity for 2 weeks and tracked changes in functional connectivity using daily 30-min scans of resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI). Casting caused cortical and cerebellar regions controlling the disused extremity to functionally disconnect from the rest of the somatomotor system, while internal connectivity within the disused sub-circuit was maintained. Functional disconnection was evident within 48 h, progressed throughout the cast period, and reversed after cast removal. During the cast period, large, spontaneous pulses of activity propagated through the disused somatomotor sub-circuit. The adult brain seems to rely on regular use to maintain its functional architecture. Disuse-driven spontaneous activity pulses may help preserve functionally disconnected sub-circuits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dillan J Newbold
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
| | - Timothy O Laumann
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Catherine R Hoyt
- Program in Occupational Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jacqueline M Hampton
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - David F Montez
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Ryan V Raut
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Mario Ortega
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Anish Mitra
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Ashley N Nielsen
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Derek B Miller
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Babatunde Adeyemo
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Annie L Nguyen
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Kristen M Scheidter
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Aaron B Tanenbaum
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Andrew N Van
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Scott Marek
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Bradley L Schlaggar
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Alexandre R Carter
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Program in Occupational Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Deanna J Greene
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Evan M Gordon
- VISN 17 Center of Excellence for Research on Returning War Veterans, Waco, TX 76711, USA; Center for Vital Longevity, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX 75080, USA; Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76706, USA
| | - Marcus E Raichle
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Steven E Petersen
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Abraham Z Snyder
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Nico U F Dosenbach
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Program in Occupational Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Gordon EM, Laumann TO, Marek S, Raut RV, Gratton C, Newbold DJ, Greene DJ, Coalson RS, Snyder AZ, Schlaggar BL, Petersen SE, Dosenbach NUF, Nelson SM. Default-mode network streams for coupling to language and control systems. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:17308-17319. [PMID: 32632019 PMCID: PMC7382234 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2005238117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The human brain is organized into large-scale networks identifiable using resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC). These functional networks correspond with broad cognitive domains; for example, the Default-mode network (DMN) is engaged during internally oriented cognition. However, functional networks may contain hierarchical substructures corresponding with more specific cognitive functions. Here, we used individual-specific precision RSFC to test whether network substructures could be identified in 10 healthy human brains. Across all subjects and networks, individualized network subdivisions were more valid-more internally homogeneous and better matching spatial patterns of task activation-than canonical networks. These measures of validity were maximized at a hierarchical scale that contained ∼83 subnetworks across the brain. At this scale, nine DMN subnetworks exhibited topographical similarity across subjects, suggesting that this approach identifies homologous neurobiological circuits across individuals. Some DMN subnetworks matched known features of brain organization corresponding with cognitive functions. Other subnetworks represented separate streams by which DMN couples with other canonical large-scale networks, including language and control networks. Together, this work provides a detailed organizational framework for studying the DMN in individual humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evan M Gordon
- Veterans Integrated Service Network 17 Center of Excellence for Research on Returning War Veterans, US Department of Veterans Affairs, Waco, TX 76711;
- Center for Vital Longevity, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX 75235
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76789
| | - Timothy O Laumann
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Scott Marek
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Ryan V Raut
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Caterina Gratton
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
| | - Dillan J Newbold
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Deanna J Greene
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Rebecca S Coalson
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Abraham Z Snyder
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Bradley L Schlaggar
- Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD 21205
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - Steven E Petersen
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Nico U F Dosenbach
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
- Program in Occupational Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Steven M Nelson
- Veterans Integrated Service Network 17 Center of Excellence for Research on Returning War Veterans, US Department of Veterans Affairs, Waco, TX 76711
- Center for Vital Longevity, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX 75235
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76789
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Bryan, TX 77807
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Gratton C, Kraus BT, Greene DJ, Gordon EM, Laumann TO, Nelson SM, Dosenbach NUF, Petersen SE. Defining Individual-Specific Functional Neuroanatomy for Precision Psychiatry. Biol Psychiatry 2020; 88:28-39. [PMID: 31916942 PMCID: PMC7203002 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2019.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Studies comparing diverse groups have shown that many psychiatric diseases involve disruptions across distributed large-scale networks of the brain. There is hope that functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) functional connectivity techniques will shed light on these disruptions, providing prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers as well as targets for therapeutic interventions. However, to date, progress on clinical translation of fMRI methods has been limited. Here, we argue that this limited translation is driven by a combination of intersubject heterogeneity and the relatively low reliability of standard fMRI techniques at the individual level. We review a potential solution to these limitations: the use of new "precision" fMRI approaches that shift the focus of analysis from groups to single individuals through the use of extended data acquisition strategies. We begin by discussing the potential advantages of fMRI functional connectivity methods for improving our understanding of functional neuroanatomy and disruptions in psychiatric disorders. We then discuss the budding field of precision fMRI and findings garnered from this work. We demonstrate that precision fMRI can improve the reliability of functional connectivity measures, while showing high stability and sensitivity to individual differences. We close by discussing the application of these approaches to clinical settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Gratton
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois; Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois.
| | - Brian T Kraus
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Deanna J Greene
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri; Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Evan M Gordon
- VISN Center of Excellence for Research on Returning War Veterans, Waco, Texas; Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, Texas; Center for Vital Longevity, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, Texas
| | - Timothy O Laumann
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Steven M Nelson
- VISN Center of Excellence for Research on Returning War Veterans, Waco, Texas; Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, Texas; Center for Vital Longevity, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, Texas; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Bryan, Texas
| | - Nico U F Dosenbach
- Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri; Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri; Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Steven E Petersen
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri; Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri; Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri; Department of Neuroscience, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri; Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Abstract
We report on the ongoing project "The New Tics Study: A Novel Approach to Pathophysiology and Cause of Tic Disorders," describing the work completed to date, ongoing studies and long-term goals. The overall goals of this research are to study the pathophysiology of Provisional Tic Disorder, and to study tic remission (or improvement) in a prospective fashion. Preliminary data collection for the project began almost 10 years ago. The current study is nearing completion of its third year, and has already reported several novel and important results. First, surprisingly, at least 90% of children who had experienced tics for only a mean of 3 months still had tics at the 12-month anniversary of their first tic, though in some cases tics were seen only with remote video observation of the child sitting alone. Thus almost all of them now had a DSM-5 diagnosis of Tourette's Disorder or Persistent (Chronic) Tic Disorder. Baseline clinical features that predicted 12-month outcome included tic severity, subsyndromal autism spectrum symptoms, an anxiety disorder, and a history of 3 or more phonic tics. Second, we found that poorer tic suppression ability when immediately rewarded for suppression predicted greater tic severity at follow-up. Third, striatal volumes did not predict outcome as hypothesized, but a larger hippocampus at baseline predicted worse severity at follow-up. Enrollment and data collection continue, including functional connectivity MRI (fcMRI) imaging, and additional analyses are planned once the full sample is enrolled.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J. Black
- Departments of Psychiatry, Neurology, Radiology and Neuroscience, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Soyoung Kim
- Departments of Psychiatry and Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Bradley L. Schlaggar
- Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD 21205; and Departments of Neurology and Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Deanna J. Greene
- Departments of Psychiatry and Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Fair DA, Miranda-Dominguez O, Snyder AZ, Perrone A, Earl EA, Van AN, Koller JM, Feczko E, Tisdall MD, van der Kouwe A, Klein RL, Mirro AE, Hampton JM, Adeyemo B, Laumann TO, Gratton C, Greene DJ, Schlaggar BL, Hagler DJ, Watts R, Garavan H, Barch DM, Nigg JT, Petersen SE, Dale AM, Feldstein-Ewing SW, Nagel BJ, Dosenbach NU. Correction of respiratory artifacts in MRI head motion estimates. Neuroimage 2020; 208:116400. [PMID: 31778819 PMCID: PMC7307712 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.116400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Head motion represents one of the greatest technical obstacles in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the human brain. Accurate detection of artifacts induced by head motion requires precise estimation of movement. However, head motion estimates may be corrupted by artifacts due to magnetic main field fluctuations generated by body motion. In the current report, we examine head motion estimation in multiband resting state functional connectivity MRI (rs-fcMRI) data from the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study and comparison 'single-shot' datasets. We show that respirations contaminate movement estimates in functional MRI and that respiration generates apparent head motion not associated with functional MRI quality reductions. We have developed a novel approach using a band-stop filter that accurately removes these respiratory effects from motion estimates. Subsequently, we demonstrate that utilizing a band-stop filter improves post-processing fMRI data quality. Lastly, we demonstrate the real-time implementation of motion estimate filtering in our FIRMM (Framewise Integrated Real-Time MRI Monitoring) software package.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Damien A. Fair
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Sciences University, Portland, OR, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Sciences University, Portland, OR, USA.,Advanced Imaging Research Center, Oregon Health & Sciences University, Portland, OR, USA.,To whom correspondence should be addressed. ,
| | - Oscar Miranda-Dominguez
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Sciences University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Abraham Z. Snyder
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Anders Perrone
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Sciences University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Eric A. Earl
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Sciences University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Andrew N. Van
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jonathan M. Koller
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Eric Feczko
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Sciences University, Portland, OR, USA.,Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, Oregon Health & Sciences University, Portland OR, USA
| | - M. Dylan Tisdall
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Andre van der Kouwe
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA USA
| | - Rachel L. Klein
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Sciences University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Amy E. Mirro
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jacqueline M. Hampton
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Babatunde Adeyemo
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Timothy O. Laumann
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Caterina Gratton
- Department of Psychology & Neurology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Deanna J. Greene
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Bradley L. Schlaggar
- Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Neurology; Johns Hopkins University; Baltimore; MD; USA Department of Pediatrics; Johns Hopkins University
| | - Donald J. Hagler
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Richard Watts
- FAS Brain Imaging Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Hugh Garavan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Deanna M. Barch
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Joel T. Nigg
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Sciences University, Portland, OR, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Sciences University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Steven E. Petersen
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA,Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA,Department of Neuroscience, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Anders M. Dale
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA,Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Bonnie J. Nagel
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Sciences University, Portland, OR, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Sciences University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Nico U.F. Dosenbach
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA,Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA,Program in Occupational Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA,To whom correspondence should be addressed. ,
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Greene DJ, Marek S, Gordon EM, Siegel JS, Gratton C, Laumann TO, Gilmore AW, Berg JJ, Nguyen AL, Dierker D, Van AN, Ortega M, Newbold DJ, Hampton JM, Nielsen AN, McDermott KB, Roland JL, Norris SA, Nelson SM, Snyder AZ, Schlaggar BL, Petersen SE, Dosenbach NUF. Integrative and Network-Specific Connectivity of the Basal Ganglia and Thalamus Defined in Individuals. Neuron 2020; 105:742-758.e6. [PMID: 31836321 PMCID: PMC7035165 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2019.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The basal ganglia, thalamus, and cerebral cortex form an interconnected network implicated in many neurological and psychiatric illnesses. A better understanding of cortico-subcortical circuits in individuals will aid in development of personalized treatments. Using precision functional mapping-individual-specific analysis of highly sampled human participants-we investigated individual-specific functional connectivity between subcortical structures and cortical functional networks. This approach revealed distinct subcortical zones of network specificity and multi-network integration. Integration zones were systematic, with convergence of cingulo-opercular control and somatomotor networks in the ventral intermediate thalamus (motor integration zones), dorsal attention and visual networks in the pulvinar, and default mode and multiple control networks in the caudate nucleus. The motor integration zones were present in every individual and correspond to consistently successful sites of deep brain stimulation (DBS; essential tremor). Individually variable subcortical zones correspond to DBS sites with less consistent treatment effects, highlighting the importance of PFM for neurosurgery, neurology, and psychiatry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deanna J Greene
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
| | - Scott Marek
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
| | - Evan M Gordon
- VISN17 Center of Excellence for Research on Returning War Veterans, Waco, TX, USA; Center for Vital Longevity, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
| | - Joshua S Siegel
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Caterina Gratton
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA; Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Timothy O Laumann
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Adrian W Gilmore
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jeffrey J Berg
- Department of Psychology, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Annie L Nguyen
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Donna Dierker
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Andrew N Van
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Mario Ortega
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Dillan J Newbold
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jacqueline M Hampton
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ashley N Nielsen
- Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kathleen B McDermott
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jarod L Roland
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Scott A Norris
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Steven M Nelson
- VISN17 Center of Excellence for Research on Returning War Veterans, Waco, TX, USA; Center for Vital Longevity, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
| | - Abraham Z Snyder
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Bradley L Schlaggar
- Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Steven E Petersen
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Nico U F Dosenbach
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Program in Occupational Therapy, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Sylvester CM, Yu Q, Srivastava AB, Marek S, Zheng A, Alexopoulos D, Smyser CD, Shimony JS, Ortega M, Dierker DL, Patel GH, Nelson SM, Gilmore AW, McDermott KB, Berg JJ, Drysdale AT, Perino MT, Snyder AZ, Raut RV, Laumann TO, Gordon EM, Barch DM, Rogers CE, Greene DJ, Raichle ME, Dosenbach NUF. Individual-specific functional connectivity of the amygdala: A substrate for precision psychiatry. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:3808-3818. [PMID: 32015137 PMCID: PMC7035483 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1910842117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The amygdala is central to the pathophysiology of many psychiatric illnesses. An imprecise understanding of how the amygdala fits into the larger network organization of the human brain, however, limits our ability to create models of dysfunction in individual patients to guide personalized treatment. Therefore, we investigated the position of the amygdala and its functional subdivisions within the network organization of the brain in 10 highly sampled individuals (5 h of fMRI data per person). We characterized three functional subdivisions within the amygdala of each individual. We discovered that one subdivision is preferentially correlated with the default mode network; a second is preferentially correlated with the dorsal attention and fronto-parietal networks; and third subdivision does not have any networks to which it is preferentially correlated relative to the other two subdivisions. All three subdivisions are positively correlated with ventral attention and somatomotor networks and negatively correlated with salience and cingulo-opercular networks. These observations were replicated in an independent group dataset of 120 individuals. We also found substantial across-subject variation in the distribution and magnitude of amygdala functional connectivity with the cerebral cortex that related to individual differences in the stereotactic locations both of amygdala subdivisions and of cortical functional brain networks. Finally, using lag analyses, we found consistent temporal ordering of fMRI signals in the cortex relative to amygdala subdivisions. Altogether, this work provides a detailed framework of amygdala-cortical interactions that can be used as a foundation for models relating aberrations in amygdala connectivity to psychiatric symptoms in individual patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chad M Sylvester
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110;
| | - Qiongru Yu
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - A Benjamin Srivastava
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032
| | - Scott Marek
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Annie Zheng
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | | | - Christopher D Smyser
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110
- Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Joshua S Shimony
- Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Mario Ortega
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110
- Teva Pharmaceuticals, North Wales, PA 19454
| | - Donna L Dierker
- Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Gaurav H Patel
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032
| | - Steven M Nelson
- VISN 17 Center of Excellence for Research on Returning War Veterans, Doris Miller VA Medical Center, Waco, TX 76711
- Center for Vital Longevity, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX 75235
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76706
| | - Adrian W Gilmore
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Kathleen B McDermott
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Jeffrey J Berg
- Department of Psychology, New York University, New York, NY 10003
| | - Andrew T Drysdale
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Michael T Perino
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Abraham Z Snyder
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110
- Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Ryan V Raut
- Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Timothy O Laumann
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Evan M Gordon
- VISN 17 Center of Excellence for Research on Returning War Veterans, Doris Miller VA Medical Center, Waco, TX 76711
- Center for Vital Longevity, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX 75235
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76706
| | - Deanna M Barch
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110
- Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Cynthia E Rogers
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Deanna J Greene
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110
- Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Marcus E Raichle
- Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110;
| | - Nico U F Dosenbach
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110
- Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Seitzman BA, Gratton C, Marek S, Raut RV, Dosenbach NUF, Schlaggar BL, Petersen SE, Greene DJ. A set of functionally-defined brain regions with improved representation of the subcortex and cerebellum. Neuroimage 2020; 206:116290. [PMID: 31634545 PMCID: PMC6981071 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.116290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
An important aspect of network-based analysis is robust node definition. This issue is critical for functional brain network analyses, as poor node choice can lead to spurious findings and misleading inferences about functional brain organization. Two sets of functional brain nodes from our group are well represented in the literature: (1) 264 volumetric regions of interest (ROIs) reported in Power et al., 2011, and (2) 333 cortical surface parcels reported in Gordon et al., 2016. However, subcortical and cerebellar structures are either incompletely captured or missing from these ROI sets. Therefore, properties of functional network organization involving the subcortex and cerebellum may be underappreciated thus far. Here, we apply a winner-take-all partitioning method to resting-state fMRI data to generate novel functionally-constrained ROIs in the thalamus, basal ganglia, amygdala, hippocampus, and cerebellum. We validate these ROIs in three datasets using several criteria, including agreement with existing literature and anatomical atlases. Further, we demonstrate that combining these ROIs with established cortical ROIs recapitulates and extends previously described functional network organization. This new set of ROIs is made publicly available for general use, including a full list of MNI coordinates and functional network labels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin A Seitzman
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis- School of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
| | - Caterina Gratton
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis- School of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
| | - Scott Marek
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis- School of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
| | - Ryan V Raut
- Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis- School of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
| | - Nico U F Dosenbach
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis- School of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA; Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis- School of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis- School of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA; Department of Occupational Therapy, Washington University in St. Louis- School of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis- School of Engineering and Applied Science, One Brookings Dr, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA.
| | - Bradley L Schlaggar
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis- School of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis- School of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA; Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis- School of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis- School of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Washington University in St. Louis- School of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
| | - Steven E Petersen
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis- School of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA; Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Dr, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA; Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis- School of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Washington University in St. Louis- School of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis- School of Engineering and Applied Science, One Brookings Dr, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA.
| | - Deanna J Greene
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis- School of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA; Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis- School of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Nielsen AN, Gratton C, Church JA, Dosenbach NU, Black KJ, Petersen SE, Schlaggar BL, Greene DJ. Atypical Functional Connectivity in Tourette Syndrome Differs Between Children and Adults. Biol Psychiatry 2020; 87:164-173. [PMID: 31472979 PMCID: PMC6925331 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2019.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tourette syndrome (TS) is a neuropsychiatric disorder with symptomatology that typically changes over development. Whether and how brain function in TS also differs across development has been largely understudied. Here, we used functional connectivity magnetic resonance imaging to examine whole-brain functional networks in children and adults with TS. METHODS Multivariate classification methods were used to find patterns among functional connections that distinguish individuals with TS from control subjects separately for children and adults (N = 202). We tested whether the patterns of connections that classify diagnosis in one age group (e.g., children) could classify diagnosis in another age group (e.g., adults). We also tested whether the developmental trajectory of these connections was altered in TS. RESULTS Diagnostic classification was successful in children and adults separately but expressly did not generalize across age groups, suggesting that the patterns of functional connections that best distinguished individuals with TS from control subjects were age specific. Developmental patterns among these functional connections used for diagnostic classification deviated from typical development. Brain networks in childhood TS appeared "older" and brain networks in adulthood TS appeared "younger" in comparison with typically developing individuals. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that brain networks are differentially altered in children and adults with TS. The observed developmental trajectory of affected connections is consistent with theories of accelerated and/or delayed maturation, but may also involve anomalous developmental pathways. These findings further our understanding of neurodevelopmental trajectories in TS and carry implications for future applications aimed at predicting the clinical course of TS in individuals over development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashley N. Nielsen
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Caterina Gratton
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL,Department of Neuroscience, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL
| | - Jessica A. Church
- Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX
| | - Nico U.F. Dosenbach
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO,Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO,Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO,Department of Occupational Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Kevin J. Black
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO,Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO,Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO,Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Steven E. Petersen
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO,Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO,Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Bradley L. Schlaggar
- Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD,Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Deanna J. Greene
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO,Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Marek S, Tervo-Clemmens B, Nielsen AN, Wheelock MD, Miller RL, Laumann TO, Earl E, Foran WW, Cordova M, Doyle O, Perrone A, Miranda-Dominguez O, Feczko E, Sturgeon D, Graham A, Hermosillo R, Snider K, Galassi A, Nagel BJ, Ewing SWF, Eggebrecht AT, Garavan H, Dale AM, Greene DJ, Barch DM, Fair DA, Luna B, Dosenbach NUF. Identifying reproducible individual differences in childhood functional brain networks: An ABCD study. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2019; 40:100706. [PMID: 31614255 PMCID: PMC6927479 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2019.100706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The 21-site Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study provides an unparalleled opportunity to characterize functional brain development via resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) and to quantify relationships between RSFC and behavior. This multi-site data set includes potentially confounding sources of variance, such as differences between data collection sites and/or scanner manufacturers, in addition to those inherent to RSFC (e.g., head motion). The ABCD project provides a framework for characterizing and reproducing RSFC and RSFC-behavior associations, while quantifying the extent to which sources of variability bias RSFC estimates. We quantified RSFC and functional network architecture in 2,188 9-10-year old children from the ABCD study, segregated into demographically-matched discovery (N = 1,166) and replication datasets (N = 1,022). We found RSFC and network architecture to be highly reproducible across children. We did not observe strong effects of site; however, scanner manufacturer effects were large, reproducible, and followed a "short-to-long" association with distance between regions. Accounting for potential confounding variables, we replicated that RSFC between several higher-order networks was related to general cognition. In sum, we provide a framework for how to characterize RSFC-behavior relationships in a rigorous and reproducible manner using the ABCD dataset and other large multi-site projects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Scott Marek
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
| | | | - Ashley N Nielsen
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Muriah D Wheelock
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Ryland L Miller
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Timothy O Laumann
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Eric Earl
- Departments of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97213, USA
| | - William W Foran
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA, 15213, USA
| | - Michaela Cordova
- Departments of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97213, USA
| | - Olivia Doyle
- Departments of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97213, USA
| | - Anders Perrone
- Departments of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97213, USA
| | - Oscar Miranda-Dominguez
- Departments of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97213, USA
| | - Eric Feczko
- Departments of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97213, USA; Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, 97213, USA
| | - Darrick Sturgeon
- Departments of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97213, USA
| | - Alice Graham
- Departments of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97213, USA
| | - Robert Hermosillo
- Departments of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97213, USA
| | - Kathy Snider
- Departments of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97213, USA
| | - Anthony Galassi
- Departments of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97213, USA
| | - Bonnie J Nagel
- Departments of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97213, USA
| | - Sarah W Feldstein Ewing
- Departments of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97213, USA
| | - Adam T Eggebrecht
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Hugh Garavan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington VT 05401, USA
| | - Anders M Dale
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Deanna J Greene
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA; Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Deanna M Barch
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA; Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA; Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Damien A Fair
- Departments of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97213, USA
| | - Beatriz Luna
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh PA, 15213, USA
| | - Nico U F Dosenbach
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA; Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Nielsen AN, Barch DM, Petersen SE, Schlaggar BL, Greene DJ. Machine Learning With Neuroimaging: Evaluating Its Applications in Psychiatry. Biol Psychiatry Cogn Neurosci Neuroimaging 2019; 5:791-798. [PMID: 31982357 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2019.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Psychiatric disorders are complex, involving heterogeneous symptomatology and neurobiology that rarely involves the disruption of single, isolated brain structures. In an attempt to better describe and understand the complexities of psychiatric disorders, investigators have increasingly applied multivariate pattern classification approaches to neuroimaging data and in particular supervised machine learning methods. However, supervised machine learning approaches also come with unique challenges and trade-offs, requiring additional study design and interpretation considerations. The goal of this review is to provide a set of best practices for evaluating machine learning applications to psychiatric disorders. We discuss how to evaluate two common efforts: 1) making predictions that have the potential to aid in diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment and 2) interrogating the complex neurophysiological mechanisms underlying psychopathology. We focus here on machine learning as applied to functional connectivity with magnetic resonance imaging, as an example to ground discussion. We argue that for machine learning classification to have translational utility for individual-level predictions, investigators must ensure that the classification is clinically informative, independent of confounding variables, and appropriately assessed for both performance and generalizability. We contend that shedding light on the complex mechanisms underlying psychiatric disorders will require consideration of the unique utility, interpretability, and reliability of the neuroimaging features (e.g., regions, networks, connections) identified from machine learning approaches. Finally, we discuss how the rise of large, multisite, publicly available datasets may contribute to the utility of machine learning approaches in psychiatry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashley N Nielsen
- Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois.
| | - Deanna M Barch
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri; Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Steven E Petersen
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri; Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri; Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Bradley L Schlaggar
- Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Deanna J Greene
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri; Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Gordon EM, Lynch CJ, Gratton C, Laumann TO, Gilmore AW, Greene DJ, Ortega M, Nguyen AL, Schlaggar BL, Petersen SE, Dosenbach NUF, Nelson SM. Three Distinct Sets of Connector Hubs Integrate Human Brain Function. Cell Rep 2019; 24:1687-1695.e4. [PMID: 30110625 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.07.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Control over behavior is enabled by the brain's control networks, which interact with lower-level sensory motor and default networks to regulate their functions. Such interactions are facilitated by specialized "connector hub" regions that interconnect discrete networks. Previous work has treated hubs as a single category of brain regions, although their unitary nature is dubious when examined in individual brains. Here we investigated the nature of hubs by using fMRI to characterize individual-specific hub regions in two independent datasets. We identified three separable sets of connector hubs that integrate information between specific brain networks. These three hub categories occupy different positions within the brain's network structure; they affect networks differently when artificially lesioned, and they are differentially engaged during cognitive and motor task performance. This work suggests a model of brain organization in which different connector hubs integrate control functions and enable top-down control of separate processing streams.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evan M Gordon
- VISN 17 Center of Excellence for Research on Returning War Veterans, Waco, TX 76711, USA; Center for Vital Longevity, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX 75235, USA; Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76789, USA.
| | - Charles J Lynch
- Department of Psychology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA; Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Caterina Gratton
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Timothy O Laumann
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Adrian W Gilmore
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Laboratory of Brain and Cognition, National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Deanna J Greene
- Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Mario Ortega
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Annie L Nguyen
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Bradley L Schlaggar
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Steven E Petersen
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Nico U F Dosenbach
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Occupational Therapy, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Steven M Nelson
- VISN 17 Center of Excellence for Research on Returning War Veterans, Waco, TX 76711, USA; Center for Vital Longevity, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX 75235, USA; Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76789, USA
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Gilmore AW, Nelson SM, Laumann TO, Gordon EM, Berg JJ, Greene DJ, Gratton C, Nguyen AL, Ortega M, Hoyt CR, Coalson RS, Schlaggar BL, Petersen SE, Dosenbach NUF, McDermott KB. High-fidelity mapping of repetition-related changes in the parietal memory network. Neuroimage 2019; 199:427-439. [PMID: 31175969 PMCID: PMC6688913 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
fMRI studies of human memory have identified a "parietal memory network" (PMN) that displays distinct responses to novel and familiar stimuli, typically deactivating during initial encoding but robustly activating during retrieval. The small size of PMN regions, combined with their proximity to the neighboring default mode network, makes a targeted assessment of their responses in highly sampled subjects important for understanding information processing within the network. Here, we describe an experiment in which participants made semantic decisions about repeatedly-presented stimuli, assessing PMN BOLD responses as items transitioned from experimentally novel to repeated. Data are from the highly-sampled subjects in the Midnight Scan Club dataset, enabling a characterization of BOLD responses at both the group and single-subject level. Across all analyses, PMN regions deactivated in response to novel stimuli and displayed changes in BOLD activity across presentations, but did not significantly activate to repeated items. Results support only a portion of initially hypothesized effects, in particular suggesting that novelty-related deactivations may be less susceptible to attentional/task manipulations than are repetition-related activations within the network. This in turn suggests that novelty and familiarity may be processed as separable entities within the PMN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adrian W Gilmore
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA.
| | - Steven M Nelson
- VISN 17 Center of Excellence for Research on Returning War Veterans, Waco, TX, 76711, USA; Center for Vital Longevity, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, 75235, USA; Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, TX, 76798, USA
| | - Timothy O Laumann
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Evan M Gordon
- VISN 17 Center of Excellence for Research on Returning War Veterans, Waco, TX, 76711, USA; Center for Vital Longevity, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, 75235, USA
| | - Jeffrey J Berg
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Deanna J Greene
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA; Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Caterina Gratton
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Annie L Nguyen
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Mario Ortega
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Catherine R Hoyt
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA; Program in Occupational Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Rebecca S Coalson
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA; Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Bradley L Schlaggar
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA; Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Steven E Petersen
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA; Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA; Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Nico U F Dosenbach
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA; Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA; Program in Occupational Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Kathleen B McDermott
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA; Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Kim S, Greene DJ, Robichaux-Viehoever A, Bihun EC, Koller JM, Acevedo H, Schlaggar BL, Black KJ. Tic Suppression in Children With Recent-Onset Tics Predicts 1-Year Tic Outcome. J Child Neurol 2019; 34:757-764. [PMID: 31241402 PMCID: PMC6733613 DOI: 10.1177/0883073819855531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Successful voluntary tic suppression is a key component of the behavioral interventions that are used to treat tic disorders. This study aimed to examine tic suppression in children with recent-onset tics and determine whether the capacity to suppress tics predicts future tic severity. We tested 45 children (30 male, mean age 7.74 years) with recent-onset tics (mean 3.47 months prior to the first study visit; baseline) and re-examined each child at the 12-month anniversary of the first recognized tic (follow-up). At the baseline visit, children performed a tic suppression task with several conditions: tic freely, inhibit tics given a verbal request, and inhibit tics in the presence of a reward. At the baseline visit, children with tics for only a few months could suppress their tics, and tic suppression was especially successful when they received an immediate and contingent reward. Additionally, the ability to suppress tics in the presence of a reward predicted tic severity at follow-up. These findings suggest that better inhibitory control of tics within months of tic onset may be an important predictor of future tic symptom outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soyoung Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, United States
| | - Deanna J. Greene
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, United States
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, United States
| | | | - Emily C. Bihun
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, United States
| | - Jonathan M. Koller
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, United States
| | - Haley Acevedo
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, United States
| | - Bradley L. Schlaggar
- Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Kevin J. Black
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, United States
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, United States
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, United States
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Gratton C, Laumann TO, Nielsen AN, Greene DJ, Gordon EM, Gilmore AW, Nelson SM, Coalson RS, Snyder AZ, Schlaggar BL, Dosenbach NUF, Petersen SE. Functional Brain Networks Are Dominated by Stable Group and Individual Factors, Not Cognitive or Daily Variation. Neuron 2019; 98:439-452.e5. [PMID: 29673485 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2018.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 454] [Impact Index Per Article: 90.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2017] [Revised: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The organization of human brain networks can be measured by capturing correlated brain activity with fMRI. There is considerable interest in understanding how brain networks vary across individuals or neuropsychiatric populations or are altered during the performance of specific behaviors. However, the plausibility and validity of such measurements is dependent on the extent to which functional networks are stable over time or are state dependent. We analyzed data from nine high-quality, highly sampled individuals to parse the magnitude and anatomical distribution of network variability across subjects, sessions, and tasks. Critically, we find that functional networks are dominated by common organizational principles and stable individual features, with substantially more modest contributions from task-state and day-to-day variability. Sources of variation were differentially distributed across the brain and differentially linked to intrinsic and task-evoked sources. We conclude that functional networks are suited to measuring stable individual characteristics, suggesting utility in personalized medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Gratton
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
| | - Timothy O Laumann
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Ashley N Nielsen
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Deanna J Greene
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Evan M Gordon
- VISN 17 Center of Excellence for Research on Returning War Veterans, Waco, TX 76711, USA; Center for Vital Longevity, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX 75235, USA; Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76706, USA
| | - Adrian W Gilmore
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Steven M Nelson
- VISN 17 Center of Excellence for Research on Returning War Veterans, Waco, TX 76711, USA; Center for Vital Longevity, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX 75235, USA; Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76706, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Temple, TX 76508, USA
| | - Rebecca S Coalson
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Abraham Z Snyder
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Bradley L Schlaggar
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Nico U F Dosenbach
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Program in Occupational Therapy, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Steven E Petersen
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Nielsen AN, Greene DJ, Gratton C, Dosenbach NUF, Petersen SE, Schlaggar BL. Evaluating the Prediction of Brain Maturity From Functional Connectivity After Motion Artifact Denoising. Cereb Cortex 2019; 29:2455-2469. [PMID: 29850877 PMCID: PMC6519700 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhy117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability to make individual-level predictions from neuroanatomy has the potential to be particularly useful in child development. Previously, resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) MRI has been used to successfully predict maturity and diagnosis of typically and atypically developing individuals. Unfortunately, submillimeter head motion in the scanner produces systematic, distance-dependent differences in RSFC and may contaminate, and potentially facilitate, these predictions. Here, we evaluated individual age prediction with RSFC after stringent motion denoising. Using multivariate machine learning, we found that 57% of the variance in individual RSFC after motion artifact denoising was explained by age, while 4% was explained by residual effects of head motion. When RSFC data were not adequately denoised, 50% of the variance was explained by motion. Reducing motion-related artifact also revealed that prediction did not depend upon characteristics of functional connections previously hypothesized to mediate development (e.g., connection distance). Instead, successful age prediction relied upon sampling functional connections across multiple functional systems with strong, reliable RSFC within an individual. Our results demonstrate that RSFC across the brain is sufficiently robust to make individual-level predictions of maturity in typical development, and hence, may have clinical utility for the diagnosis and prognosis of individuals with atypical developmental trajectories.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashley N Nielsen
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Deanna J Greene
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Caterina Gratton
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Nico U F Dosenbach
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Steven E Petersen
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Psychology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Bradley L Schlaggar
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Gratton C, Koller JM, Shannon W, Greene DJ, Maiti B, Snyder AZ, Petersen SE, Perlmutter JS, Campbell MC. Emergent Functional Network Effects in Parkinson Disease. Cereb Cortex 2019; 29:2509-2523. [PMID: 29878081 PMCID: PMC6519699 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhy121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The hallmark pathology underlying Parkinson disease (PD) is progressive synucleinopathy, beginning in caudal brainstem that later spreads rostrally. However, the primarily subcortical pathology fails to account for the wide spectrum of clinical manifestations in PD. To reconcile these observations, resting-state functional connectivity (FC) can be used to examine dysfunction across distributed brain networks. We measured FC in a large, single-site study of nondemented PD (N = 107; OFF medications) and healthy controls (N = 46) incorporating rigorous quality control measures and comprehensive sampling of cortical, subcortical and cerebellar regions. We employed novel statistical approaches to determine group differences across the entire connectome, at the network-level, and for select brain regions. Group differences respected well-characterized network delineations producing a striking "block-wise" pattern of network-to-network effects. Surprisingly, these results demonstrate that the greatest FC differences involve sensorimotor, thalamic, and cerebellar networks, with notably smaller striatal effects. Split-half replication demonstrates the robustness of these results. Finally, block-wise FC correlations with behavior suggest that FC disruptions may contribute to clinical manifestations in PD. Overall, these results indicate a concerted breakdown of functional network interactions, remote from primary pathophysiology, and suggest that FC deficits in PD are related to emergent network-level phenomena rather than focal pathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Gratton
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jonathan M Koller
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Deanna J Greene
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Baijayanta Maiti
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Abraham Z Snyder
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Steven E Petersen
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Psychology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Joel S Perlmutter
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Physical Therapy, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Meghan C Campbell
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Gratton C, Koller JM, Shannon W, Greene DJ, Maiti B, Snyder AZ, Petersen SE, Perlmutter JS, Campbell MC. Emergent Functional Network Effects in Parkinson Disease. Cereb Cortex 2018; 29:1701. [PMID: 30418543 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhy229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Gratton
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jonathan M Koller
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Deanna J Greene
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Baijayanta Maiti
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Abraham Z Snyder
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Steven E Petersen
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Psychology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Joel S Perlmutter
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Occupational Therapy, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Physical Therapy, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Meghan C Campbell
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Marek S, Siegel JS, Gordon EM, Raut RV, Gratton C, Newbold DJ, Ortega M, Laumann TO, Adeyemo B, Miller DB, Zheng A, Lopez KC, Berg JJ, Coalson RS, Nguyen AL, Dierker D, Van AN, Hoyt CR, McDermott KB, Norris SA, Shimony JS, Snyder AZ, Nelson SM, Barch DM, Schlaggar BL, Raichle ME, Petersen SE, Greene DJ, Dosenbach NUF. Spatial and Temporal Organization of the Individual Human Cerebellum. Neuron 2018; 100:977-993.e7. [PMID: 30473014 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2018.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The cerebellum contains the majority of neurons in the human brain and is unique for its uniform cytoarchitecture, absence of aerobic glycolysis, and role in adaptive plasticity. Despite anatomical and physiological differences between the cerebellum and cerebral cortex, group-average functional connectivity studies have identified networks related to specific functions in both structures. Recently, precision functional mapping of individuals revealed that functional networks in the cerebral cortex exhibit measurable individual specificity. Using the highly sampled Midnight Scan Club (MSC) dataset, we found the cerebellum contains reliable, individual-specific network organization that is significantly more variable than the cerebral cortex. The frontoparietal network, thought to support adaptive control, was the only network overrepresented in the cerebellum compared to the cerebral cortex (2.3-fold). Temporally, all cerebellar resting state signals lagged behind the cerebral cortex (125-380 ms), supporting the hypothesis that the cerebellum engages in a domain-general function in the adaptive control of all cortical processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Scott Marek
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
| | - Joshua S Siegel
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Evan M Gordon
- VISN17 Center of Excellence for Research on Returning War Veterans, Waco, TX 76711, USA; Center for Vital Longevity, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX 75235, USA; Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76706, USA
| | - Ryan V Raut
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Caterina Gratton
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Dillan J Newbold
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Mario Ortega
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Timothy O Laumann
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Babatunde Adeyemo
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Derek B Miller
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Annie Zheng
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Katherine C Lopez
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jeffrey J Berg
- Department of Psychology, New York University, New York, NY 10003 USA
| | - Rebecca S Coalson
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Annie L Nguyen
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Donna Dierker
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Andrew N Van
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Catherine R Hoyt
- Program in Occupational Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Kathleen B McDermott
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Scott A Norris
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Joshua S Shimony
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Abraham Z Snyder
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Steven M Nelson
- VISN17 Center of Excellence for Research on Returning War Veterans, Waco, TX 76711, USA; Center for Vital Longevity, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX 75235, USA; Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76706, USA
| | - Deanna M Barch
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Bradley L Schlaggar
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Marcus E Raichle
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Steven E Petersen
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Deanna J Greene
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Nico U F Dosenbach
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Program in Occupational Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Laumann TO, Snyder AZ, Mitra A, Gordon EM, Gratton C, Adeyemo B, Gilmore AW, Nelson SM, Berg JJ, Greene DJ, McCarthy JE, Tagliazucchi E, Laufs H, Schlaggar BL, Dosenbach NUF, Petersen SE. On the Stability of BOLD fMRI Correlations. Cereb Cortex 2018; 27:4719-4732. [PMID: 27591147 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhw265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 250] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Measurement of correlations between brain regions (functional connectivity) using blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) fMRI has proven to be a powerful tool for studying the functional organization of the brain. Recently, dynamic functional connectivity has emerged as a major topic in the resting-state BOLD fMRI literature. Here, using simulations and multiple sets of empirical observations, we confirm that imposed task states can alter the correlation structure of BOLD activity. However, we find that observations of "dynamic" BOLD correlations during the resting state are largely explained by sampling variability. Beyond sampling variability, the largest part of observed "dynamics" during rest is attributable to head motion. An additional component of dynamic variability during rest is attributable to fluctuating sleep state. Thus, aside from the preceding explanatory factors, a single correlation structure-as opposed to a sequence of distinct correlation structures-may adequately describe the resting state as measured by BOLD fMRI. These results suggest that resting-state BOLD correlations do not primarily reflect moment-to-moment changes in cognitive content. Rather, resting-state BOLD correlations may predominantly reflect processes concerned with the maintenance of the long-term stability of the brain's functional organization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy O Laumann
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Abraham Z Snyder
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.,Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Anish Mitra
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Evan M Gordon
- VISN 17 Center of Excellence for Research on Returning War Veterans, Waco, TX 76711, USA.,Center for Vital Longevity, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX 75235, USA
| | - Caterina Gratton
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Babatunde Adeyemo
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Adrian W Gilmore
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Steven M Nelson
- VISN 17 Center of Excellence for Research on Returning War Veterans, Waco, TX 76711, USA.,Center for Vital Longevity, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX 75235, USA
| | - Jeff J Berg
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Deanna J Greene
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - John E McCarthy
- Department of Mathematics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Enzo Tagliazucchi
- Departmen of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.,Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Helmut Laufs
- Institute for Medical Psychology, Christian-Albrechts-Universitat zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany.,Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Bradley L Schlaggar
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.,Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.,Department of Neurology, Brain Imaging Center, Goethe-Universitat Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Christian-Albrechts-Universitat zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Nico U F Dosenbach
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Steven E Petersen
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.,Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.,Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.,Department of Neurology, Christian-Albrechts-Universitat zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Greene DJ, Koller JM, Hampton JM, Wesevich V, Van AN, Nguyen AL, Hoyt CR, McIntyre L, Earl EA, Klein RL, Shimony JS, Petersen SE, Schlaggar BL, Fair DA, Dosenbach NUF. Behavioral interventions for reducing head motion during MRI scans in children. Neuroimage 2018; 171:234-245. [PMID: 29337280 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A major limitation to structural and functional MRI (fMRI) scans is their susceptibility to head motion artifacts. Even submillimeter movements can systematically distort functional connectivity, morphometric, and diffusion imaging results. In patient care, sedation is often used to minimize head motion, but it incurs increased costs and risks. In research settings, sedation is typically not an ethical option. Therefore, safe methods that reduce head motion are critical for improving MRI quality, especially in high movement individuals such as children and neuropsychiatric patients. We investigated the effects of (1) viewing movies and (2) receiving real-time visual feedback about head movement in 24 children (5-15 years old). Children completed fMRI scans during which they viewed a fixation cross (i.e., rest) or a cartoon movie clip, and during some of the scans they also received real-time visual feedback about head motion. Head motion was significantly reduced during movie watching compared to rest and when receiving feedback compared to receiving no feedback. However, these results depended on age, such that the effects were largely driven by the younger children. Children older than 10 years showed no significant benefit. We also found that viewing movies significantly altered the functional connectivity of fMRI data, suggesting that fMRI scans during movies cannot be equated to standard resting-state fMRI scans. The implications of these results are twofold: (1) given the reduction in head motion with behavioral interventions, these methods should be tried first for all clinical and structural MRIs in lieu of sedation; and (2) for fMRI research scans, these methods can reduce head motion in certain groups, but investigators must keep in mind the effects on functional MRI data.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deanna J Greene
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, United States; Washington University School of Medicine, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, United States.
| | - Jonathan M Koller
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, United States
| | - Jacqueline M Hampton
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, United States
| | - Victoria Wesevich
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, United States
| | - Andrew N Van
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, United States
| | - Annie L Nguyen
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, United States
| | - Catherine R Hoyt
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, United States; Washington University School of Medicine, Program in Occupational Therapy, United States
| | - Lindsey McIntyre
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, United States
| | - Eric A Earl
- Oregon Health and Science University, Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, United States
| | - Rachel L Klein
- Oregon Health and Science University, Psychiatry, United States
| | - Joshua S Shimony
- Washington University School of Medicine, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, United States
| | - Steven E Petersen
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, United States; Washington University School of Medicine, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, United States; Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, United States; Washington University School of Medicine, Neuroscience, United States
| | - Bradley L Schlaggar
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, United States; Washington University School of Medicine, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, United States; Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, United States; Washington University School of Medicine, Neuroscience, United States; Washington University School of Medicine, Pediatrics, United States
| | - Damien A Fair
- Oregon Health and Science University, Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, United States; Oregon Health and Science University, Psychiatry, United States
| | - Nico U F Dosenbach
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, United States; Washington University School of Medicine, Pediatrics, United States; Washington University School of Medicine, Program in Occupational Therapy, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Conelea CA, Wellen B, Woods DW, Greene DJ, Black KJ, Specht M, Himle MB, Lee HJ, Capriotti M. Patterns and Predictors of Tic Suppressibility in Youth With Tic Disorders. Front Psychiatry 2018; 9:188. [PMID: 29875706 PMCID: PMC5974106 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Tic suppression is the primary target of tic disorder treatment, but factors that influence voluntary tic inhibition are not well understood. Several studies using the Tic Suppression Task have demonstrated significant inter-individual variability in tic suppressibility but have individually been underpowered to address correlates of tic suppression. The present study explored patterns and clinical correlates of reward-enhanced tic suppression in youth with tic disorders using a large, pooled dataset. Individual-level data from nine studies using the Tic Suppression Task were pooled, yielding a sample of 99 youth with tic disorders. Analyses examined patterns of tic suppressibility and the relationship between tic suppressibility and demographic and clinical characteristics. A large majority of youth demonstrated a high degree of tic suppression, but heterogeneous patterns of tic suppressibility were also observed. Better tic suppressibility was related to older age and more frequent tics but unrelated to other clinical variables, including presence of psychiatric comorbidity, psychotropic medication status, tic and premonitory urge severity, and self-rated tic suppressibility. The mechanisms underlying the observed heterogeneity in reward-enhanced tic suppressibility warrant further investigation. The Tic Suppression Task is a promising method for testing mechanistic hypotheses related to tic suppression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christine A Conelea
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Brianna Wellen
- Department of Psychology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Douglas W Woods
- Department of Psychology, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Deanna J Greene
- Departments of Psychiatry and Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Kevin J Black
- Departments of Psychiatry, Neurology, Radiology, and Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Matthew Specht
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York-Presbyterian Hospital-Westchester, New York, NY, United States
| | - Michael B Himle
- Department of Psychology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Han-Joo Lee
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Matthew Capriotti
- Department of Psychology, San Jose State University, San Jose, CA, United States.,Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Gordon EM, Laumann TO, Gilmore AW, Newbold DJ, Greene DJ, Berg JJ, Ortega M, Hoyt-Drazen C, Gratton C, Sun H, Hampton JM, Coalson RS, Nguyen AL, McDermott KB, Shimony JS, Snyder AZ, Schlaggar BL, Petersen SE, Nelson SM, Dosenbach NUF. Precision Functional Mapping of Individual Human Brains. Neuron 2017; 95:791-807.e7. [PMID: 28757305 PMCID: PMC5576360 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2017.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 669] [Impact Index Per Article: 95.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Revised: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Human functional MRI (fMRI) research primarily focuses on analyzing data averaged across groups, which limits the detail, specificity, and clinical utility of fMRI resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) and task-activation maps. To push our understanding of functional brain organization to the level of individual humans, we assembled a novel MRI dataset containing 5 hr of RSFC data, 6 hr of task fMRI, multiple structural MRIs, and neuropsychological tests from each of ten adults. Using these data, we generated ten high-fidelity, individual-specific functional connectomes. This individual-connectome approach revealed several new types of spatial and organizational variability in brain networks, including unique network features and topologies that corresponded with structural and task-derived brain features. We are releasing this highly sampled, individual-focused dataset as a resource for neuroscientists, and we propose precision individual connectomics as a model for future work examining the organization of healthy and diseased individual human brains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evan M Gordon
- VISN 17 Center of Excellence for Research on Returning War Veterans, Waco, TX, 76711, USA; Center for Vital Longevity, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, 75235, USA.
| | - Timothy O Laumann
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
| | - Adrian W Gilmore
- Laboratory of Brain and Cognition, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA; Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Dillan J Newbold
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Deanna J Greene
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA; Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Jeffrey J Berg
- Department of Psychology, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - Mario Ortega
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Catherine Hoyt-Drazen
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA; Program in Occupational Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Caterina Gratton
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Haoxin Sun
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Jacqueline M Hampton
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Rebecca S Coalson
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA; Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Annie L Nguyen
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Kathleen B McDermott
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA; Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Joshua S Shimony
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Abraham Z Snyder
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA; Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Bradley L Schlaggar
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA; Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Steven E Petersen
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA; Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA; Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA; Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Steven M Nelson
- VISN 17 Center of Excellence for Research on Returning War Veterans, Waco, TX, 76711, USA; Center for Vital Longevity, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, 75235, USA; Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76789, USA.
| | - Nico U F Dosenbach
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA; Program in Occupational Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Dosenbach NUF, Koller JM, Earl EA, Miranda-Dominguez O, Klein RL, Van AN, Snyder AZ, Nagel BJ, Nigg JT, Nguyen AL, Wesevich V, Greene DJ, Fair DA. Real-time motion analytics during brain MRI improve data quality and reduce costs. Neuroimage 2017; 161:80-93. [PMID: 28803940 PMCID: PMC5731481 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Revised: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Head motion systematically distorts clinical and research MRI data. Motion artifacts have biased findings from many structural and functional brain MRI studies. An effective way to remove motion artifacts is to exclude MRI data frames affected by head motion. However, such post-hoc frame censoring can lead to data loss rates of 50% or more in our pediatric patient cohorts. Hence, many scanner operators collect additional ‘buffer data’, an expensive practice that, by itself, does not guarantee sufficient high-quality MRI data for a given participant. Therefore, we developed an easy-to-setup, easy-to-use Framewise Integrated Real-time MRI Monitoring (FIRMM) software suite that provides scanner operators with head motion analytics in real-time, allowing them to scan each subject until the desired amount of low-movement data has been collected. Our analyses show that using FIRMM to identify the ideal scan time for each person can reduce total brain MRI scan times and associated costs by 50% or more.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nico U F Dosenbach
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Program in Occupational Therapy, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA.
| | - Jonathan M Koller
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Eric A Earl
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Oscar Miranda-Dominguez
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Rachel L Klein
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Andrew N Van
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Abraham Z Snyder
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Bonnie J Nagel
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Joel T Nigg
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Annie L Nguyen
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Victoria Wesevich
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Deanna J Greene
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Damien A Fair
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA; Advanced Imaging Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Abstract
Previous studies of brain structure in Tourette syndrome (TS) have produced mixed results, and most had modest sample sizes. In the present multicenter study, we used structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to compare 103 children and adolescents with TS to a well-matched group of 103 children without tics. We applied voxel-based morphometry methods to test gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) volume differences between diagnostic groups, accounting for MRI scanner and sequence, age, sex and total GM+WM volume. The TS group demonstrated lower WM volume bilaterally in orbital and medial prefrontal cortex, and greater GM volume in posterior thalamus, hypothalamus and midbrain. These results demonstrate evidence for abnormal brain structure in children and youth with TS, consistent with and extending previous findings, and they point to new target regions and avenues of study in TS. For example, as orbital cortex is reciprocally connected with hypothalamus, structural abnormalities in these regions may relate to abnormal decision making, reinforcement learning or somatic processing in TS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D J Greene
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO USA
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO USA
| | | | - J M Koller
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO USA
| | - B L Schlaggar
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO USA
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO USA
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO USA
| | - K J Black
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO USA
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO USA
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO USA
| | - and The Tourette Association of America Neuroimaging Consortium
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO USA
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO USA
- Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO USA
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO USA
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Abstract
The child with recent onset of tics is a common patient in a pediatrics or child neurology practice. If the child’s first tic was less than a year in the past, the diagnosis is usually Provisional Tic Disorder (PTD). Published reviews by experts reveal substantial consensus on prognosis in this situation: the tics will almost always disappear in a few months, having remained mild while they lasted. Surprisingly, however, the sparse existing data may not support these opinions. PTD may have just as much importance for science as for clinical care. It provides an opportunity to prospectively observe the spontaneous remission of tics. Such prospective studies may aid identification of genes or biomarkers specifically associated with remission rather than onset of tics. A better understanding of tic remission may also suggest novel treatment strategies for Tourette syndrome, or may lead to secondary prevention of tic disorders. This review summarizes the limited existing data on the epidemiology, phenomenology, and outcome of PTD, highlights areas in which prospective study is sorely needed, and proposes that tic disorders may completely remit much less often than is generally believed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J Black
- Departments of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, USA; Departments of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, USA; Departments of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, USA; Departments of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, USA
| | | | - Deanna J Greene
- Departments of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, USA; Departments of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, USA
| | - Bradley L Schlaggar
- Departments of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, USA; Departments of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, USA; Departments of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, USA; Departments of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, USA; Departments of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, USA
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Greene DJ, Church JA, Dosenbach NUF, Nielsen AN, Adeyemo B, Nardos B, Petersen SE, Black KJ, Schlaggar BL. Multivariate pattern classification of pediatric Tourette syndrome using functional connectivity MRI. Dev Sci 2016; 19:581-98. [PMID: 26834084 PMCID: PMC4945470 DOI: 10.1111/desc.12407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Tourette syndrome (TS) is a developmental neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by motor and vocal tics. Individuals with TS would benefit greatly from advances in prediction of symptom timecourse and treatment effectiveness. As a first step, we applied a multivariate method – support vector machine (SVM) classification – to test whether patterns in brain network activity, measured with resting state functional connectivity (RSFC) MRI, could predict diagnostic group membership for individuals. RSFC data from 42 children with TS (8–15 yrs) and 42 unaffected controls (age, IQ, in‐scanner movement matched) were included. While univariate tests identified no significant group differences, SVM classified group membership with ~70% accuracy (p < .001). We also report a novel adaptation of SVM binary classification that, in addition to an overall accuracy rate for the SVM, provides a confidence measure for the accurate classification of each individual. Our results support the contention that multivariate methods can better capture the complexity of some brain disorders, and hold promise for predicting prognosis and treatment outcome for individuals with TS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deanna J Greene
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, USA.,Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, USA
| | - Jessica A Church
- Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at Austin, USA
| | | | - Ashley N Nielsen
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, USA
| | - Babatunde Adeyemo
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, USA
| | - Binyam Nardos
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, USA
| | - Steven E Petersen
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, USA.,Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, USA
| | - Kevin J Black
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, USA.,Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, USA.,Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, USA
| | - Bradley L Schlaggar
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, USA.,Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, USA.,Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, USA
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Abstract
Tourette Syndrome (ts) is a developmental neuropsychiatric disorder of the central nervous system defined by the presence of chronic tics. While investigations of the underlying brain mechanisms have provided valuable information, a complete understanding of the pathophysiology of ts remains elusive. Neuroimaging methods provide remarkable tools for examining the human brain, and have been used to study brain structure and function in ts. In this article, we review ts neuroimaging studies published in 2014-2015. We highlight a number of noteworthy studies due to their innovative methods and interesting findings. Yet, we note that many of the recent studies share common concerns, specifically susceptibility to motion artifacts and modest sample sizes. Thus, we encourage future work to carefully address potential methodological confounds and to study larger samples to increase the potential for replicable results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deanna J Greene
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine ; Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine
| | - Bradley L Schlaggar
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine ; Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine ; Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine ; Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Washington University School of Medicine ; Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine
| | - Kevin J Black
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine ; Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine ; Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine ; Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Washington University School of Medicine
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Stewart SB, Greene DJ, Lessov-Schlaggar CN, Church JA, Schlaggar BL. Clinical correlates of parenting stress in children with Tourette syndrome and in typically developing children. J Pediatr 2015; 166:1297-1302.e3. [PMID: 25769235 PMCID: PMC4414884 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2015.01.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Revised: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the impact of tic severity in children with Tourette syndrome on parenting stress and the impact of comorbid attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) symptomatology on parenting stress in both children with Tourette syndrome and typically developing children. STUDY DESIGN Children with diagnosed Tourette syndrome (n=74) and tic-free typically developing control subjects (n=48) were enrolled in a cross-sectional study. RESULTS Parenting stress was greater in the group with Tourette syndrome than the typically developing group. Increased levels of parenting stress were related to increased ADHD symptomatology in both children with Tourette syndrome and typically developing children. Symptomatology of OCD was correlated with parenting stress in Tourette syndrome. Parenting stress was independent of tic severity in patients with Tourette syndrome. CONCLUSIONS For parents of children with Tourette syndrome, parenting stress appears to be related to the child's ADHD and OCD comorbidity and not to the severity of the child's tic. Subthreshold ADHD symptomatology also appears to be related to parenting stress in parents of typically developing children. These findings demonstrate that ADHD symptomatology impacts parental stress both in children with and without a chronic tic disorder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie B Stewart
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO; Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO.
| | - Deanna J Greene
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO; Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO
| | | | - Jessica A Church
- Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX
| | - Bradley L Schlaggar
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO; Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO; Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO; Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO; Departments of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Greene DJ, Koller JM, Robichaux-Viehoever A, Bihun EC, Schlaggar BL, Black KJ. Reward enhances tic suppression in children within months of tic disorder onset. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2014; 11:65-74. [PMID: 25220075 PMCID: PMC4323948 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2014.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2014] [Revised: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 08/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We examine a common, yet rarely studied, population: children with recent-onset tics. The ability to suppress tics is present within months of tic onset. Immediate, contingent reward enhances these children's ability to suppress tics.
Tic disorders are childhood onset neuropsychiatric disorders characterized by motor and/or vocal tics. Research has demonstrated that children with chronic tics (including Tourette syndrome and Chronic Tic Disorder: TS/CTD) can suppress tics, particularly when an immediate, contingent reward is given for successful tic suppression. As a diagnosis of TS/CTD requires tics to be present for at least one year, children in these tic suppression studies had been living with tics for quite some time. Thus, it is unclear whether the ability to inhibit tics is learned over time or present at tic onset. Resolving that issue would inform theories of how tics develop and how behavior therapy for tics works. We investigated tic suppression in school-age children as close to the time of tic onset as possible, and no later than six months after onset. Children were asked to suppress their tics both in the presence and absence of a contingent reward. Results demonstrated that these children, like children with TS/CTD, have some capacity to suppress tics, and that immediate reward enhances that capacity. These findings demonstrate that the modulating effect of reward on inhibitory control of tics is present within months of tic onset, before tics have become chronic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deanna J Greene
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, United States; Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, United States.
| | - Jonathan M Koller
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, United States
| | | | - Emily C Bihun
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, United States
| | - Bradley L Schlaggar
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, United States; Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, United States; Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Washington University School of Medicine, United States; Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, United States
| | - Kevin J Black
- Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, United States; Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, United States; Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, United States; Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Washington University School of Medicine, United States
| |
Collapse
|