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Bailey E, Bellairs-Walsh I, Reavley N, Gooding P, Hetrick S, Rice S, Boland A, Robinson J. Best practice for integrating digital interventions into clinical care for young people at risk of suicide: a Delphi study. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:71. [PMID: 38267895 PMCID: PMC10809499 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05448-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Digital tools have the capacity to complement and enhance clinical care for young people at risk of suicide. Despite the rapid rise of digital tools, their rate of integration into clinical practice remains low. The poor uptake of digital tools may be in part due to the lack of best-practice guidelines for clinicians and services to safely apply them with this population. METHODS A Delphi study was conducted to produce a set of best-practice guidelines for clinicians and services on integrating digital tools into clinical care for young people at risk of suicide. First, a questionnaire was developed incorporating action items derived from peer-reviewed and grey literature, and stakeholder interviews with 17 participants. Next, two independent expert panels comprising professionals (academics and clinical staff; n = 20) and young people with lived experience of using digital technology for support with suicidal thoughts and behaviours (n = 29) rated items across two consensus rounds. Items reaching consensus (rated as "essential" or "important" by at least 80% of panel members) at the end of round two were collated into a set of guidelines. RESULTS Out of 326 individual items rated by the panels, 188 (57.7%) reached consensus for inclusion in the guidelines. The endorsed items provide guidance on important topics when working with young people, including when and for whom digital tools should be used, how to select a digital tool and identify potentially harmful content, and identifying and managing suicide risk conveyed via digital tools. Several items directed at services (rather than individual clinicians) were also endorsed. CONCLUSIONS This study offers world-first evidence-informed guidelines for clinicians and services to integrate digital tools into clinical care for young people at risk of suicide. Implementation of the guidelines is an important next step and will hopefully lead to improved uptake of potentially helpful digital tools in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor Bailey
- Orygen, 35 Poplar Road, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, 35 Poplar Road, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.
| | - India Bellairs-Walsh
- Orygen, 35 Poplar Road, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, 35 Poplar Road, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Nicola Reavley
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Grattan Street, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Piers Gooding
- Melbourne Law School, University of Melbourne, Grattan Street, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Sarah Hetrick
- Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, 22-30 Park Ave, Grafton, Auckland, 1023, New Zealand
| | - Simon Rice
- Orygen, 35 Poplar Road, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, 35 Poplar Road, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Alexandra Boland
- Orygen, 35 Poplar Road, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, 35 Poplar Road, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Jo Robinson
- Orygen, 35 Poplar Road, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, 35 Poplar Road, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
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Bailey E, Robinson J, Witt K. Interventions for youth suicide and suicide-related behaviour: An update to a systematic review. Australas Psychiatry 2023; 31:505-523. [PMID: 37424213 DOI: 10.1177/10398562231187972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To update our 2018 review with the latest evidence from randomised controlled trials (RCTs) on the effectiveness of interventions to prevent youth suicide and suicide-related behaviour. METHOD In keeping with our 2018 review, Embase, PsycInfo, and Medline were searched using relevant key words. Included trials were RCTs evaluating the impact of an intervention or approach designed to prevent or reduce youth suicide and suicide-related behaviour. Key data were extracted, and results synthesised narratively. RESULTS Thirty RCTs were included across clinical (n = 13), educational (n = 8), and community settings (n = 9). No trials were conducted in workplace or primary care settings, or with indigenous populations, and few trials involved partnerships with young people. There were some concerns or a high risk of bias for most trials. CONCLUSION While a relatively large number of RCTs have been published in recent years, knowledge gaps remain. Further high-quality RCTs are needed, including those focussing on vulnerable population groups. Meaningful consumer involvement and a stronger emphasis on implementation are also recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor Bailey
- Orygen, Parkville, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Jo Robinson
- Orygen, Parkville, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Katrina Witt
- Orygen, Parkville, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
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Bell IH, Nicholas J, Broomhall A, Bailey E, Bendall S, Boland A, Robinson J, Adams S, McGorry P, Thompson A. The impact of COVID-19 on youth mental health: A mixed methods survey. Psychiatry Res 2023; 321:115082. [PMID: 36738592 PMCID: PMC9883078 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has presented profound disruptions to young people at a critical period of psychosocial development. The current study aimed to explore the perceived negative and positive impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on young people's mental health and wellbeing across a spectrum of clinical needs. A cross-sectional online survey including both quantitative and qualitative responses captured positive and negative impacts of COVID-19 across 593 young people with and without mental health care needs. Findings revealed high levels of clinical depression (48%), anxiety (51%), and loneliness in both samples. Approximately 75% of young people in primary mental health care services, and over 80% in the general population, reported a negative impact on work, non-work activities and mental health and wellbeing. Open-ended responses reflected positive impacts in the domains of greater capacity for self-care and reflection due to the decreased pressures of daily life. Negative impacts reflected worsening mental health, disruptions to key developmental milestones regarding relationships with self and others, and limited capacity for self-care. Together, these data highlight the critical need for early intervention support for the psychosocial impacts experienced by young people due to the pandemic, particularly among those with existing mental health care needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imogen H Bell
- Orygen, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Jennifer Nicholas
- Orygen, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Amy Broomhall
- Department of Psychology, Counselling and Therapy, La Trobe University, Australia
| | - Eleanor Bailey
- Orygen, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sarah Bendall
- Orygen, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Alexandra Boland
- Department of Family Medicine & Community Health, University of Massachusetts, Medical School, Worcester, United States
| | - Jo Robinson
- Orygen, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Patrick McGorry
- Orygen, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Andrew Thompson
- Orygen, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Australia; Division of Mental Health and Wellbeing, University of Warwick, United Kingdom
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McKay S, Veresova M, Bailey E, Lamblin M, Robinson J. Suicide Prevention for International Students: A Scoping Review. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:1500. [PMID: 36674253 PMCID: PMC9865713 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20021500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
International students are at risk of suicide and suicide prevention activities addressing their unique needs are required. However, no comprehensive review has been undertaken to identify effective suicide prevention approaches for international students. The current scoping review aimed to chart the extent, range, and nature of available evidence on the prevention strategies for international students. We systematically searched Medline, PsycInfo, ERIC, CINAHL, Proquest, and several gray literature databases to identify relevant peer-reviewed articles and gray literature. Eligible publications were those providing data or recommendations related to suicide prevention among international students; 15 peer-reviewed articles and 19 gray literature documents were included in the review. No studies of prevention programs or policies directly targeting suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, or suicide in international students were identified. A narrative synthesis of the suicide prevention recommendations for international students identified four categories: (1) cultural competency training on suicide and provision of culturally sensitive services; (2) improved and increased risk screening for suicide; (3) proactive intervention and engagement strategies; and (4) collaborative approaches to streamline service access and improve available support. These recommendations provide guidance on potential directions for international student suicide prevention. Research assessing the effectiveness of such recommendations will enable the development of novel evidence-based policies and interventions that reduce rates of suicide in international students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel McKay
- Orygen, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Maria Veresova
- Orygen, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Eleanor Bailey
- Orygen, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Michelle Lamblin
- Orygen, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Jo Robinson
- Orygen, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
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Broom MA, Bailey E, Kearns RJ, McMillan M, McPeake J. Diagnostic terminology in Placenta Accreta Spectrum: a scoping review. Int J Obstet Anesth 2022; 51:103572. [PMID: 35868995 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijoa.2022.103572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anaesthetic management strategies for Placenta Accreta Spectrum (PAS) remain diverse, and literature interpretation is complicated by a range of terminology. The International Federation for Gynaecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) published guidance in 2018 to improve PAS diagnosis and management by standardising definitions. We mapped the range, clarity and consistency of terminology in literature pertaining to both PAS and anaesthesia, and determined whether this changed followed FIGO guidance. METHODS A literature search of four medical databases was performed. Papers included had PAS (or any 'synonym') in the title, and mode of anaesthesia in the title or abstract. Narrative reviews, and papers not containing original data, were excluded. Diagnostic terms, and evidence supporting their use, were described. RESULTS Among 680 abstracts identified, 62 papers were included. Thirty distinct terms were used to describe PAS and subtypes. Terminology was clearly defined 46% of the time and used consistently within a paper 47% of the time. Nine papers (15%) provided no diagnostic evidence to support the terminology used. In 14 (23%) papers published after FIGO guidelines, 14 terms were used to describe PAS. Two papers (14%) specified the diagnostic criteria used. Six (43%) confirmed diagnoses using pathology. Four (29%) were consistent in use of terminology throughout the paper. CONCLUSIONS Despite international consensus criteria for reporting PAS, the language pertaining to PAS and anaesthesia remains heterogeneous, inconsistent and variably defined. Reporting of PAS should adhere to FIGO criteria to allow unambiguous interpretation of work, and generation of evidence that is transferrable into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Broom
- University of Glasgow, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Glasgow, UK; Glasgow Royal Infirmary/Princess Royal Maternity Hospital, Glasgow, UK.
| | - E Bailey
- University of Glasgow, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Glasgow, UK
| | - R J Kearns
- University of Glasgow, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Glasgow, UK; Glasgow Royal Infirmary/Princess Royal Maternity Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| | - M McMillan
- Glasgow Royal Infirmary/Princess Royal Maternity Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| | - J McPeake
- University of Glasgow, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Glasgow, UK; Glasgow Royal Infirmary/Princess Royal Maternity Hospital, Glasgow, UK
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Bhatti E, Bailey E, Broom M. P.164 Audit of anaesthetic chart documentation in obstetrics. Int J Obstet Anesth 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijoa.2022.103460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Broom M, Bailey E, McPeake J, Kearns R, McMillan M. P.54 Precision of diagnostic terminology in Placenta Accreta Spectrum: a scoping review. Int J Obstet Anesth 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijoa.2022.103350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Robinson J, Bailey E. Experiences of care for self-harm in the emergency department: the perspectives of patients, carers and practitioners. BJPsych Open 2022; 8:e66. [PMID: 35264275 PMCID: PMC8935906 DOI: 10.1192/bjo.2022.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Emergency departments are often the point of entry to the healthcare system for people who self-harm, and these individuals are at high risk of further self-harm and suicide in the post-discharge period. These settings therefore provide a critical opportunity for intervention. However, many studies have identified that the experiences of patients, carers and the emergency department staff themselves is often suboptimal. In this editorial we summarise one such study, by O'Keeffe and colleagues, and consider strategies for improving the experiences of patients and their carers when presenting to the emergency department. We also reiterate the need for wider systemic change in attitudes and approaches towards people who self-harm that are pervasive across the healthcare system and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jo Robinson
- Orygen, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; and Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Eleanor Bailey
- Orygen, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; and Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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9
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Byrne SJ, Bailey E, Lamblin M, McKay S, Pirkis J, Mihalopoulos C, Spittal MJ, Rice S, Hetrick S, Hamilton M, Yuen HP, Lee YY, Boland A, Robinson J. Study protocol for the Multimodal Approach to Preventing Suicide in Schools (MAPSS) project: a regionally based randomised trial of an integrated response to suicide risk among secondary school students. Trials 2022; 23:186. [PMID: 35236397 PMCID: PMC8889397 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-022-06072-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Suicide is the leading cause of death among young Australians, accounting for one-third of all deaths in those under 25. Schools are a logical setting for youth suicide prevention activities, with universal, selective and indicated approaches all demonstrating efficacy. Given that international best practice recommends suicide prevention programmes combine these approaches, and that to date this has not been done in school settings, this study aims to evaluate a suicide prevention programme incorporating universal, selective and indicated components in schools. Methods This study is a trial of a multimodal suicide prevention programme for young people. The programme involves delivering universal psychoeducation (safeTALK) to all students, screening them for suicide risk, and delivering internet-based Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (Reframe IT) to those students identified as being at high risk for suicide. The programme will be trialled in secondary schools in Melbourne, Australia, and target year 10 students (15 and 16 year-olds). safeTALK and screening will be evaluated using a single group pre-test/post-test case series, and Reframe IT will be evaluated in a Randomised Controlled Trial. The primary outcome is change in suicidal ideation; other outcomes include help-seeking behaviour and intentions, and suicide knowledge and stigma. The programme’s cost-effectiveness will also be evaluated. Discussion This study is the first to evaluate a suicide prevention programme comprising universal, selective and indicated components in Australian schools. If the programme is found to be efficacious and cost-effective, it could be more widely disseminated in schools and may ultimately lead to reduced rates of suicide and suicidal behaviour in school students across the region. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13063-022-06072-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadhbh J Byrne
- Orygen, Parkville, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Eleanor Bailey
- Orygen, Parkville, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Michelle Lamblin
- Orygen, Parkville, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Samuel McKay
- Orygen, Parkville, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jane Pirkis
- Centre for Mental Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Cathrine Mihalopoulos
- Deakin Health Economics, Institute for Health Transformation, School for Health and Social Development, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Matthew J Spittal
- Centre for Mental Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Simon Rice
- Orygen, Parkville, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sarah Hetrick
- Orygen, Parkville, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Psychological Medicine, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Matthew Hamilton
- Orygen, Parkville, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Hok Pan Yuen
- Orygen, Parkville, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Yong Yi Lee
- Deakin Health Economics, Institute for Health Transformation, School for Health and Social Development, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.,School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,Policy and Epidemiology Group, Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Alexandra Boland
- Orygen, Parkville, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jo Robinson
- Orygen, Parkville, Australia. .,Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
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McKay S, Li AYC, Bailey E, Lamblin M, Robinson J. Suicide prevention for international students: a scoping review protocol. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e060266. [PMID: 35177468 PMCID: PMC8860069 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-060266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The existing literature demonstrates that international students face a variety of stressors and barriers that can heighten the risk of suicide. However, up to now, no research has sought to summarise the available literature on the prevention strategies for suicide for international students in tertiary education. This document provides a scoping review protocol that aims to systematically chart and synthesise the published, unpublished and grey literature on the prevention strategies for suicide in the international student community. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The enhanced six-stage methodological framework for scoping reviews of Arksey and O'Malley will be used. Two main research questions guide the review: (1) What is the extent, range and nature of the evidence regarding suicide prevention for international students? and (2) What suicide prevention strategies are promising for targeting international students? Peer-reviewed and non-peer-reviewed articles, reports and policy documents will be eligible to be included in the review with no limits on publication date. Electronic searches of the CINAHL, ERIC, Medline, PsycInfo and ProQuest will be conducted to identify relevant academic publications. Grey literature searches will be undertaken on relevant databases as well as government and organisational websites. The reporting of the review will follow the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews. Criteria for evidence inclusion and exclusion will be used during literature screening and mapping. Screening and data charting of the published and grey literature will be conducted by three reviewers. Relevant stakeholders and experts will be consulted regarding the findings and their input will be integrated into the final report. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The study will be disseminated through a peer-reviewed journal, conference presentations and consultations with relevant stakeholders in policy and professional settings. Ethical approval is not required for this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam McKay
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne Faculty of Medicine Dentistry and Health Sciences, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Angela Yuen Chun Li
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne Faculty of Medicine Dentistry and Health Sciences, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Eleanor Bailey
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne Faculty of Medicine Dentistry and Health Sciences, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michelle Lamblin
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne Faculty of Medicine Dentistry and Health Sciences, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jo Robinson
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne Faculty of Medicine Dentistry and Health Sciences, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Hill NTM, Bailey E, Benson R, Cully G, Kirtley OJ, Purcell R, Rice S, Robinson J, Walton CC. Researching the researchers: psychological distress and psychosocial stressors according to career stage in mental health researchers. BMC Psychol 2022; 10:19. [PMID: 35105381 PMCID: PMC8805133 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-022-00728-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although there are many benefits associated with working in academia, this career path often involves structural and organisational stressors that can be detrimental to wellbeing and increase susceptibility to psychological distress and mental ill health. This exploratory study examines experiences of work-related psychosocial stressors, psychological distress, and mental health diagnoses among mental health researchers. Methods This international cross-sectional study involved 207 mental health researchers who were post-graduate students or employed in research institutes or university settings. Work-related psychosocial stressors were measured by the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire III (COPSOQ III). Psychological distress was assessed using the Depression-Anxiety-Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21). Thoughts of suicide was assessed using an adaptation of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). History of mental health diagnoses was assessed through a custom questionnaire. Pearson’s chi-square test of independence was used to compare mental health diagnoses and suicidal ideation across career stages. The association between work-related psychosocial stressors and psychological distress was conducted using multivariate linear regression controlling for key demographic, employment-related and mental health factors. Results Differences in ‘demands at work’ and the ‘work-life balance’ domain were lowest among support staff (p = 0.01). Overall, 13.4% of respondents met the threshold for severe psychological distress, which was significantly higher in students compared to participants from other career stages (p = 0.01). Among the subgroup of participants who responded to the question on mental health diagnoses and suicidal ideation (n = 152), 54% reported a life-time mental health diagnosis and 23.7% reported suicidal ideation since their academic career commencement. After controlling for key covariates, the association between the ‘interpersonal relations and leadership’ domain and psychological distress was attenuated by the mental health covariates included in model 3 (β = −0.23, p = 0.07). The association between the remaining work-related psychosocial stressors and psychological distress remained significant. Conclusions Despite working in the same environment, research support staff report experiencing significantly less psychosocial stressors compared to postgraduate students, early-middle career researchers and senior researchers. Future research that targets key modifiable stressors associated with psychological distress including work organization and job content, and work-life balance could improve the overall mental health and wellbeing of mental health researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole T M Hill
- Telethon Kids Institute, 15 Hospital Avenue, Nedlands, WA, Australia. .,Centre for Child Health Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia. .,School of Population and Global Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.
| | - Eleanor Bailey
- Orygen, Parkville, Melbourne, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Ruth Benson
- School of Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,National Suicide Research Foundation, Cork, Ireland
| | - Grace Cully
- School of Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,National Suicide Research Foundation, Cork, Ireland
| | - Olivia J Kirtley
- Department of Neuroscience, Center for Contextual Psychiatry, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rosemary Purcell
- Orygen, Parkville, Melbourne, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Simon Rice
- Orygen, Parkville, Melbourne, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Jo Robinson
- Orygen, Parkville, Melbourne, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Courtney C Walton
- Orygen, Parkville, Melbourne, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
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Ganapathy V, Bailey E, Mortimer K, Lou Y, Yuan J, Mulder K, Topuria I, Cerf S, Elder K, Booth J, Bruinsma B, Globe D. 56: Real-world clinical effectiveness of elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor and ivacaftor in people with CF: Interim results from the HELIO study. J Cyst Fibros 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(21)01481-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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13
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Brunt K, Gwaltney C, Kaley D, Krupnick R, Phinney M, Bailey E, Bresnick K, Booth J. 285: Impact of treatment with elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor and ivacaftor in people with cystic fibrosis and caregivers in the United States: A qualitative study. J Cyst Fibros 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(21)01710-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Bailey E, Teh Z, Bleeker C, Simmons M, Robinson J. Youth partnerships in suicide prevention research: A failed investigator survey. Early Interv Psychiatry 2021; 15:1429-1432. [PMID: 33181863 DOI: 10.1111/eip.13069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM Youth suicide research stands to benefit from involving young people with lived experience as research partners; however, there may be a number of barriers to doing this successfully. The aim of this study was to identify the extent to which international youth suicide prevention researchers actively partner with young people in intervention research design, and to explore the barriers, facilitators and benefits to such engagement. METHODS Ninety-seven eligible researchers were identified using a systematic literature search and invited via email to participate in an online questionnaire. RESULTS Only 17 participants (17.5%) at least partially completed the questionnaire, and minimal qualitative data were provided. CONCLUSIONS Analysis of the limited data together with the low response rate suggests that the rate of youth partnerships in suicide prevention intervention research is very low. Guidelines regarding how to safely and effectively partner with young people in this sensitive research area may help to address this gap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor Bailey
- Orygen, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Zoe Teh
- Orygen, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Caitlin Bleeker
- Orygen, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Magenta Simmons
- Orygen, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jo Robinson
- Orygen, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Problematic substance use (PSU) poses occupational, personal and professional risks. As an occupational group, midwives have been under-represented in research on PSU. AIMS The aim of this study was to assess self-reported occurrences of PSU, help-seeking behaviours and barriers, and perceptions of impairment in UK-based midwives. METHODS Self-selecting registered midwives were anonymously surveyed using the Tobacco, Alcohol, Prescription Medications, and Substance Use/Misuse (TAPS) tool, the Perceptions of Nursing Impairment Inventory (PNII) and open-ended/closed questions. Quantitative data were used to explore PSU, help-seeking and attitudes to impairment. Qualitative responses were used to provide richer understandings. RESULTS From 623 completed surveys, 28% (n = 176) self-reported PSU in response to work-related stress and anxiety, bullying, traumatic clinical incidents and maintenance of overall functioning. PSU was related to alcohol and a range of restricted drugs. While 11% of those affected indicated they had sought help, 27% felt they should seek help but did not. Reported barriers to help-seeking included fear of repercussions, shame, stigma, practicalities and a perceived lack of support either available or required. Perceptions of impairment were predominantly compassionate with a minority of stigmatizing attitudes displayed. CONCLUSIONS Overall, 10% of the sample reported they had attended work under the influence of alcohol, and 6% under the influence of drugs other than tobacco or those as prescribed to them. Furthermore, 37% indicated concern about a colleague's substance use. As stigmatizing attitudes and punitive actions can dissuade help-seeking, changed perceptions and policies which favour alternatives to discipline are suggested to reduce the risk overall.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Pezaro
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health, Coventry University, UK
- The Centre for Arts, Memory and Communities (CAMC), Coventry University, UK
| | - K Maher
- School of Psychology, Nottingham Trent University, UK
| | - E Bailey
- Centre for Social Care, Health and Related Research, Birmingham City University, UK
| | - G Pearce
- School of Psychological, Social and Behavioural Sciences, Coventry University, UK
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Bailey E, Robinson J, Alvarez-Jimenez M, Nedeljkovic M, Valentine L, Bendall S, D'Alfonso S, Gilbertson T, McKechnie B, Rice S. Correction: Moderated Online Social Therapy for Young People With Active Suicidal Ideation: Qualitative Study. J Med Internet Res 2021; 23:e29645. [PMID: 34111019 PMCID: PMC8231872 DOI: 10.2196/29645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor Bailey
- Orygen, Parkville, Australia.,Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Jo Robinson
- Orygen, Parkville, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Mario Alvarez-Jimenez
- Orygen, Parkville, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | | | - Lee Valentine
- Orygen, Parkville, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Sarah Bendall
- Orygen, Parkville, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Simon D'Alfonso
- Orygen, Parkville, Australia.,School of Computing and Information Systems, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Tamsyn Gilbertson
- Orygen, Parkville, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | | | - Simon Rice
- Orygen, Parkville, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
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17
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18
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Bailey E, Robinson J, Alvarez-Jimenez M, Nedeljkovic M, Valentine L, Bendall S, D'Alfonso S, Gilbertson T, McKechnie B, Rice S. Moderated Online Social Therapy for Young People With Active Suicidal Ideation: Qualitative Study. J Med Internet Res 2021; 23:e24260. [PMID: 33818392 PMCID: PMC8056298 DOI: 10.2196/24260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Web-based interventions are a promising approach to support youth at risk of suicide, and those incorporating peer-to-peer social networking may have the added potential to target interpersonal states of perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness. Owing to feasibility and safety concerns, including fear of contagion, this had not been tested until recently. In 2018, we conducted a pilot evaluation to test the feasibility, safety, and acceptability of a Moderated Online Social Therapy intervention, called Affinity, with a sample of young people with active suicidal ideation. Objective The aim of this study is to report qualitative data collected from study participants regarding their experience of the web-based social network and the consequent safety features. Methods Affinity is a closed website incorporating 3 key components: therapeutic content delivered via comics, peer-to-peer social networking, and moderation by peers and clinicians. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 17 young people who participated in the pilot study after 8 weeks of exposure to the intervention. Interview data from 2 young people who did not use Affinity were excluded from the analysis. The interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis, with the frequency of responses characterized using the consensual qualitative research method. The results are reported in accordance with the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research checklist. Results A total of 4 overarching themes were identified: a safe and supportive environment, the importance of mutual experiences, difficulty engaging and connecting, and the pros and cons of banning discussions about suicide. Interestingly, although Affinity was perceived to be safe and free of judgment, concerns about negative evaluation and triggering others were significant barriers to posting on the social network. Participants generally supported the banning of conversations about suicide, although for some this was perceived to reinforce stigma or was associated with frustration and distress. Conclusions The results not only support the safety and potential therapeutic benefit of the social networking aspect of Affinity but also highlight several implementation challenges. There is a need to carefully balance the need for stringent safety and design features while ensuring that the potential for therapeutic benefit is maximized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor Bailey
- Orygen, Parkville, Australia.,Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Jo Robinson
- Orygen, Parkville, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Mario Alvarez-Jimenez
- Orygen, Parkville, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | | | - Lee Valentine
- Orygen, Parkville, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Sarah Bendall
- Orygen, Parkville, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Simon D'Alfonso
- Orygen, Parkville, Australia.,School of Computing and Information Systems, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Tamsyn Gilbertson
- Orygen, Parkville, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | | | - Simon Rice
- Orygen, Parkville, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
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19
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Crane D, Bailey E, Adjei‐Tabi L, Farrington B, Monroe K, Watson J, Applegate M, Doogan N, Eisner C. Improving Family Stability and Substance Use Recovery for Families in the Child Welfare System: Impact of Ohio's Statewide System Improvement Program. Health Serv Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/1475-6773.13359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- D. Crane
- Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus OH United States
| | - E. Bailey
- Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus OH United States
| | | | | | - K. Monroe
- Ohio Department of Job and Family Services Columbus OH United States
| | - J. Watson
- Ohio Department of Job and Family Services Columbus OH United States
| | - M. Applegate
- Ohio Department of Medicaid Columbus OH United States
| | - N. Doogan
- Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus OH United States
| | - C. Eisner
- Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus OH United States
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20
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Bailey E, Mühlmann C, Rice S, Nedeljkovic M, Alvarez-Jimenez M, Sander L, Calear AL, Batterham PJ, Robinson J. Ethical issues and practical barriers in internet-based suicide prevention research: a review and investigator survey. BMC Med Ethics 2020; 21:37. [PMID: 32404098 PMCID: PMC7222514 DOI: 10.1186/s12910-020-00479-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND People who are at elevated risk of suicide stand to benefit from internet-based interventions; however, research in this area is likely impacted by a range of ethical and practical challenges. The aim of this study was to examine the ethical issues and practical barriers associated with clinical studies of internet-based interventions for suicide prevention. METHOD This was a mixed-methods study involving two phases. First, a systematic search was conducted to identify studies evaluating internet-based interventions for people at risk of suicide, and information pertaining to safety protocols and exclusion criteria was extracted. Second, investigators on the included studies were invited to complete an online survey comprising open-ended and forced-choice responses. Quantitative and qualitative methods were used to analyse the data. RESULTS The literature search identified 18 eligible studies, of which three excluded participants based on severity of suicide risk. Half of the 15 suicide researchers who participated in the survey had experienced problems obtaining ethics approval, and none had encountered adverse events attributed to their intervention. Survey respondents noted the difficulty of managing risk in online environments and the limitations associated with implementing safety protocols, although some also reported increased confidence resulting from the ethical review process. Respondents recommended researchers pursue a collaborative relationship with their research ethics committees. CONCLUSION There is a balance to be achieved between the need to minimise the risk of adverse events whilst also ensuring interventions are being validated on populations who may be most likely to use and benefit from them (i.e., those who prefer anonymity). Further research is required to obtain the views of research ethics committees and research participants on these issues. Dialogue between researchers and ethics committees is necessary to address the need to ensure safety while also advancing the timely development of effective interventions in this critical area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor Bailey
- Orygen, Locked Bag 10, 35 Poplar Road, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, 35 Poplar Road, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.
- Centre for Mental Health, Swinburne University of Technology, John St, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia.
| | - Charlotte Mühlmann
- Danish Research Institute for Suicide Prevention, Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Gentofte Hospitalsvej 15, 4. Sal, 2900, Hellerup, Denmark
- University of Copenhagen, Nørregade 10, 1165, København, Denmark
| | - Simon Rice
- Orygen, Locked Bag 10, 35 Poplar Road, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, 35 Poplar Road, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Maja Nedeljkovic
- Centre for Mental Health, Swinburne University of Technology, John St, Hawthorn, VIC, 3122, Australia
| | - Mario Alvarez-Jimenez
- Orygen, Locked Bag 10, 35 Poplar Road, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, 35 Poplar Road, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Lasse Sander
- Department of Rehabilitation Psychology and Psychotherapy, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Engelbergerstr. 41, D-79085, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Alison L Calear
- Centre for Mental Health Research, Research School of Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2061, Australia
| | - Philip J Batterham
- Centre for Mental Health Research, Research School of Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2061, Australia
| | - Jo Robinson
- Orygen, Locked Bag 10, 35 Poplar Road, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, 35 Poplar Road, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
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21
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Bailey E, Alvarez-Jimenez M, Robinson J, D’Alfonso S, Nedeljkovic M, Davey CG, Bendall S, Gilbertson T, Phillips J, Bloom L, Nicholls L, Garland N, Cagliarini D, Phelan M, McKechnie B, Mitchell J, Cooke M, Rice SM. An Enhanced Social Networking Intervention for Young People with Active Suicidal Ideation: Safety, Feasibility and Acceptability Outcomes. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17:E2435. [PMID: 32260111 PMCID: PMC7177782 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17072435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Online social networking interventions have potential to support young people who experience suicidal thoughts by specifically addressing interpersonal risk factors for suicide, but may also pose a risk of harm. This uncontrolled, single-group pilot study aimed to evaluate the safety, feasibility, and acceptability of an enhanced online social networking intervention ("Affinity") among a sample of young people who experienced active suicidal ideation, and to explore potential changes in clinical outcomes and the therapeutic targets of the intervention. Twenty young people with current or recent suicidal ideation who were receiving treatment for depression at a tertiary-level mental health service were given access to Affinity for two months. Participants were assessed at baseline and 8-week follow-up; 90 percent reported clinical suicidal ideation at baseline. A priori criteria related to feasibility, safety and acceptability were satisfied. In terms of potential clinical effects, significant and reliable pre-post improvements were found on self-report outcomes including suicidal ideation. This study provides initial world-first evidence to support the use of an online intervention incorporating social networking as an adjunct to treatment for young people who experience suicidal ideation. The effectiveness of Affinity needs to be evaluated in a randomised controlled trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor Bailey
- Orygen, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; (E.B.); (M.A.-J.); (J.R.); (S.D.); (C.G.D.); (S.B.); (T.G.); (J.P.); (L.B.); (L.N.); (N.G.); (D.C.); (M.P.); (B.M.); (J.M.); (M.C.)
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
- Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia;
| | - Mario Alvarez-Jimenez
- Orygen, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; (E.B.); (M.A.-J.); (J.R.); (S.D.); (C.G.D.); (S.B.); (T.G.); (J.P.); (L.B.); (L.N.); (N.G.); (D.C.); (M.P.); (B.M.); (J.M.); (M.C.)
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Jo Robinson
- Orygen, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; (E.B.); (M.A.-J.); (J.R.); (S.D.); (C.G.D.); (S.B.); (T.G.); (J.P.); (L.B.); (L.N.); (N.G.); (D.C.); (M.P.); (B.M.); (J.M.); (M.C.)
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Simon D’Alfonso
- Orygen, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; (E.B.); (M.A.-J.); (J.R.); (S.D.); (C.G.D.); (S.B.); (T.G.); (J.P.); (L.B.); (L.N.); (N.G.); (D.C.); (M.P.); (B.M.); (J.M.); (M.C.)
- School of Computing and Information Systems, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Maja Nedeljkovic
- Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia;
| | - Christopher G. Davey
- Orygen, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; (E.B.); (M.A.-J.); (J.R.); (S.D.); (C.G.D.); (S.B.); (T.G.); (J.P.); (L.B.); (L.N.); (N.G.); (D.C.); (M.P.); (B.M.); (J.M.); (M.C.)
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Sarah Bendall
- Orygen, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; (E.B.); (M.A.-J.); (J.R.); (S.D.); (C.G.D.); (S.B.); (T.G.); (J.P.); (L.B.); (L.N.); (N.G.); (D.C.); (M.P.); (B.M.); (J.M.); (M.C.)
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Tamsyn Gilbertson
- Orygen, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; (E.B.); (M.A.-J.); (J.R.); (S.D.); (C.G.D.); (S.B.); (T.G.); (J.P.); (L.B.); (L.N.); (N.G.); (D.C.); (M.P.); (B.M.); (J.M.); (M.C.)
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Jessica Phillips
- Orygen, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; (E.B.); (M.A.-J.); (J.R.); (S.D.); (C.G.D.); (S.B.); (T.G.); (J.P.); (L.B.); (L.N.); (N.G.); (D.C.); (M.P.); (B.M.); (J.M.); (M.C.)
| | - Lisa Bloom
- Orygen, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; (E.B.); (M.A.-J.); (J.R.); (S.D.); (C.G.D.); (S.B.); (T.G.); (J.P.); (L.B.); (L.N.); (N.G.); (D.C.); (M.P.); (B.M.); (J.M.); (M.C.)
| | - Laura Nicholls
- Orygen, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; (E.B.); (M.A.-J.); (J.R.); (S.D.); (C.G.D.); (S.B.); (T.G.); (J.P.); (L.B.); (L.N.); (N.G.); (D.C.); (M.P.); (B.M.); (J.M.); (M.C.)
| | - Nicola Garland
- Orygen, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; (E.B.); (M.A.-J.); (J.R.); (S.D.); (C.G.D.); (S.B.); (T.G.); (J.P.); (L.B.); (L.N.); (N.G.); (D.C.); (M.P.); (B.M.); (J.M.); (M.C.)
| | - Daniela Cagliarini
- Orygen, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; (E.B.); (M.A.-J.); (J.R.); (S.D.); (C.G.D.); (S.B.); (T.G.); (J.P.); (L.B.); (L.N.); (N.G.); (D.C.); (M.P.); (B.M.); (J.M.); (M.C.)
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Mark Phelan
- Orygen, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; (E.B.); (M.A.-J.); (J.R.); (S.D.); (C.G.D.); (S.B.); (T.G.); (J.P.); (L.B.); (L.N.); (N.G.); (D.C.); (M.P.); (B.M.); (J.M.); (M.C.)
| | - Ben McKechnie
- Orygen, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; (E.B.); (M.A.-J.); (J.R.); (S.D.); (C.G.D.); (S.B.); (T.G.); (J.P.); (L.B.); (L.N.); (N.G.); (D.C.); (M.P.); (B.M.); (J.M.); (M.C.)
| | - Jessica Mitchell
- Orygen, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; (E.B.); (M.A.-J.); (J.R.); (S.D.); (C.G.D.); (S.B.); (T.G.); (J.P.); (L.B.); (L.N.); (N.G.); (D.C.); (M.P.); (B.M.); (J.M.); (M.C.)
| | - Melanie Cooke
- Orygen, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; (E.B.); (M.A.-J.); (J.R.); (S.D.); (C.G.D.); (S.B.); (T.G.); (J.P.); (L.B.); (L.N.); (N.G.); (D.C.); (M.P.); (B.M.); (J.M.); (M.C.)
| | - Simon M. Rice
- Orygen, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; (E.B.); (M.A.-J.); (J.R.); (S.D.); (C.G.D.); (S.B.); (T.G.); (J.P.); (L.B.); (L.N.); (N.G.); (D.C.); (M.P.); (B.M.); (J.M.); (M.C.)
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
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22
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Finlayson-Short L, Hetrick S, Krysinska K, Harris M, Salom C, Stefanac N, Bailey E, Robinson J. Community Based Support for People at Risk for Suicide and Those Who Care for them - Areas for Improvement. Arch Suicide Res 2020; 24:125-157. [PMID: 31159666 DOI: 10.1080/13811118.2019.1619113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
To systematically review the quality of evidence regarding the effectiveness of supports for people affected by suicide. EMBASE, MEDLINE, and PsychINFO were searched for evaluations of community-based supports for people affected by suicide. Outcomes included suicide-related behavior, depression, grief, quality of life, caring ability, and qualitative experiences. Fifteen studies evaluated 15 supports of various modalities. Study quality was generally poor; most studies examined bereaved individuals with mixed findings. Few reduced suicide-related behavior, half improved depression, and grief, while studies of caring ability, quality of life, or qualitative experiences reported positive effects. Supports associated with better outcomes connected peers with similar experiences, were provided over a period of months, and involved veteran rather than novice facilitators. Supports for people affected by suicide may be effective for improving suicide-related behavior, psychological adjustment, quality of life and caregiving, but require further evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A.S. Johnson
- Manchester Public Health Laboratory Withington Hospital, Manchester
| | - E. Bailey
- Dialysis Unit Royal Preston Hospital Preston, England
| | - P.A. Wright
- Preston Public Health Laboratory Royal Preston Hospital Preston, England
| | - L. Solomon
- Dialysis Unit Royal Preston Hospital Preston, England
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Abstract
Homozygous and compound heterozygous Miniature horses for ACAN alleles D1, D2, D3* and D4 exhibit chondrodysplastic dwarfism (OMIA 001271-9796). In a previous study, the carrier rate for these four alleles, combined, was 26.2%. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether carriers of these dwarfism-causing alleles had a shorter withers height than non-carriers. A total of 245 Miniature horses were tested for these four ACAN alleles and also were measured for withers height. Of these horses, 98 were carriers and 147 were non-carriers. A statistically significant difference of 1.43 inches was observed with the carriers being shorter (P = 1.72E - 11). The range of heights for the two groups overlapped, indicating that other factors, including genes, have an impact on withers height. However, the high carrier rate of these dwarfism-causing variants may be due to selection for decreased height.
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Affiliation(s)
- K T Graves
- Department of Veterinary Science, MH Gluck Equine Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40546, USA
| | - J E Eberth
- Department of Veterinary Science, MH Gluck Equine Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40546, USA
| | - E Bailey
- Department of Veterinary Science, MH Gluck Equine Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40546, USA
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25
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Sander L, Gerhardinger K, Bailey E, Robinson J, Lin J, Cuijpers P, Mühlmann C. Suicide risk management in research on internet-based interventions for depression: A synthesis of the current state and recommendations for future research. J Affect Disord 2020; 263:676-683. [PMID: 31757622 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.11.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The number of studies examining internet-based interventions (IBIs) for depression is increasing. Although many individuals with depression experience suicidal ideation, there is only insufficient information available on how to manage and support individuals at risk of suicide in IBI trials. Here, we examined the current practice regarding the management of individuals experiencing suicidal thoughts or behaviors in studies of IBIs for depression. METHODS Information pertaining to the management of suicidality was extracted from 24 studies. Additionally, researchers in the field completed a questionnaire (n = 13) before being interviewed (n = 11) about their procedures and considerations regarding the management of suicidality. RESULTS In most trials (N = 17; 71%), individuals at risk of suicide were excluded based on varying criteria. N = 7 studies used structured interviews and N = 5 studies used single items of self-report questionnaires for assessing suicidality. The nature and degree of support provided to individuals at risk of suicide varied and only one intervention comprised suicide-specific content. LIMITATIONS Most experts referred to research on interventions with some level of human support (e.g. written feedback) which might limit the representativeness of the results of the interviews for unguided interventions. CONCLUSIONS Suicidality is often treated more as an exclusion criterion rather than a treatable condition in research on IBIs for depression. This paper provides an overview of the current practice and gives recommendations for the design of future trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lasse Sander
- Department of Rehabilitation Psychology and Psychotherapy, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Institute of Psychology, Engelbergerstr. 41, D-79085 Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Katharina Gerhardinger
- Department of Rehabilitation Psychology and Psychotherapy, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Institute of Psychology, Engelbergerstr. 41, D-79085 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Eleanor Bailey
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Australia; Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jo Robinson
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jiaxi Lin
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hauptstrasse 5, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Pim Cuijpers
- Department of Clinical, Neuro-, and Developmental Psychology, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Van der Boechorststraat 1, BT 1081, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Charlotte Mühlmann
- Danish Research Institute for Suicide Prevention, Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark; The University of Copenhagen, Denmark
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Finlayson-Short L, Hetrick S, Krysinska K, Harris M, Salom C, Bailey E, Robinson J. A Survey of People With Lived Experience of Suicide-Related Behavior in Queensland, Australia. Crisis 2020; 41:39-46. [DOI: 10.1027/0227-5910/a000602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Abstract. Background: Many organizations provide support to people affected by suicide-related behavior, for example, those bereaved by suicide, those who have attempted suicide, and their informal carers. However, evidence regarding how well used, and acceptable, these resources are is lacking. Aims: To investigate the views about and experiences with support and resources of people with lived experience of suicide bereavement, suicide attempt, or caring. Method: The study was conducted in Queensland, Australia. In total, 175 people completed the survey. Data were analyzed using SPSS Statistics 22. Results: Participants found resources helpful and user-friendly, but many had never searched for support, did not know it was available, or felt no better after using it. Respondents who had attempted suicide were more likely to look for resources, but less likely to feel better after using them and endorsed more barriers to accessing support. Limitations: This study used a convenience sample of individuals living in Queensland, was biased toward help-seeking populations, and included mostly women, and therefore it was not representative. Conclusion: Support and resources that are more flexible and accessible, and are offered in a more proactive manner could improve the user experiences of people affected by suicide-related behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Finlayson-Short
- Orygen, the National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health & Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Sarah Hetrick
- Orygen, the National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health & Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Karolina Krysinska
- Orygen, the National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health & Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Mental Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Primary Health Care and Equity, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Meredith Harris
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Caroline Salom
- Institute for Social Science Research, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Eleanor Bailey
- Orygen, the National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health & Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jo Robinson
- Orygen, the National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health & Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Valentine L, McEnery C, D’Alfonso S, Phillips J, Bailey E, Alvarez-Jimenez M. Harnessing the Potential of Social Media to Develop the Next Generation of Digital Health Treatments in Youth Mental Health. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s40501-019-00184-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Osborne D, Meyer D, Moulding R, Kyrios M, Bailey E, Nedeljkovic M. Cost-effectiveness of internet-based cognitive-behavioural therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder. Internet Interv 2019; 18:100277. [PMID: 31890626 PMCID: PMC6926329 DOI: 10.1016/j.invent.2019.100277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Economic analyses of treatments for OCD have been limited. This study analysed the comparative economic benefits and costs of an internet-based CBT (iCBT) relative to internet-based progressive relaxation therapy (iPRT) control. These were benchmarked against current estimates for face-to-face CBT (ffCBT) sourced from literature. The benefits to society of providing increased access to treatment was assessed using a cost-benefit analysis based upon productivity gains arising from treatment. Identification of the most cost-effective treatment amongst the three treatments was assessed using a cost-effectiveness analysis based upon both effectiveness as measured by the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (YBOCS) and percentage of responders. The cost-effectiveness analysis showed iCBT to be the most cost effective treatment of the three analysed, followed by ffCBT based upon percentage of responders and iPRT based upon overall effectiveness of treatment. The cost-benefit analyses showed all treatment options delivered substantial benefits to society. These benefits ranged from three to thirty-five times the cost of providing treatment, depending on the assumptions used and the treatment provided, with iCBT showing the greatest ratio of benefits to costs but the ffCBT providing the greatest absolute benefits. Overall, the findings provide support for increased access to CBT intervention, for all patients with OCD; with online therapist-assisted modes of delivery as a cost-effective alternative to existing face-to-face treatments. Further work to more accurately quantify the benefits and costs resulting from CBT treatment modalities is required to support these preliminary findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debra Osborne
- Centre for Mental Health, Swinburne University of Technology, PO Box 218, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia
| | - Denny Meyer
- Centre for Mental Health, Swinburne University of Technology, PO Box 218, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia
| | - Richard Moulding
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, VIC 3125, Australia,Deakin University Centre for Drug Use, Addictive and Anti-social Behaviour Research, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, VIC 3125, Australia
| | - Michael Kyrios
- College of Education, Psychology & Social Work, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
| | - Eleanor Bailey
- Centre for Mental Health, Swinburne University of Technology, PO Box 218, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia
| | - Maja Nedeljkovic
- Centre for Mental Health, Swinburne University of Technology, PO Box 218, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia,Corresponding author at: Centre for Mental Health, Swinburne University of Technology, Mail no 24, PO Box 218, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia.
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LALJI R, Bailey E, Dickens A, Wong W, Prestidge C. MON-309 THE NEW ZEALAND PAEDIATRIC EXPERIENCE OF DIFFUSE MESANGIAL SCLEROSIS 1991-2018. Kidney Int Rep 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2019.05.1120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Grossman S, Bailey E, Makdissi J. Oral aspects of sickle cell disease. Br Dent J 2019; 226:818. [PMID: 31203314 DOI: 10.1038/s41415-019-0426-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- E Bailey
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA
| | - C Finno
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
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Robinson J, Bailey E, Witt K, Stefanac N, Milner A, Currier D, Pirkis J, Condron P, Hetrick S. What Works in Youth Suicide Prevention? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. EClinicalMedicine 2018; 4-5:52-91. [PMID: 31193651 PMCID: PMC6537558 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2018.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2018] [Revised: 10/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Young people require specific attention when it comes to suicide prevention, however efforts need to be based on robust evidence. METHODS We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of all studies examining the impact of interventions that were specifically designed to reduce suicide-related behavior in young people. FINDINGS Ninety-nine studies were identified, of which 52 were conducted in clinical settings, 31 in educational or workplace settings, and 15 in community settings. Around half were randomized controlled trials. Large scale interventions delivered in both clinical and educational settings appear to reduce self-harm and suicidal ideation post-intervention, and to a lesser extent at follow-up. In community settings, multi-faceted, place-based approaches seem to have an impact. Study quality was limited. INTERPRETATION Overall whilst the number and range of studies is encouraging, gaps exist. Few studies were conducted in low-middle income countries or with demographic populations known to be at increased risk. Similarly, there was a lack of studies conducted in primary care, universities and workplaces. However, we identified that specific youth suicide-prevention interventions can reduce self-harm and suicidal ideation; these types of intervention need testing in high-quality studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jo Robinson
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, 35 Poplar Road, Vic 3052, Australia
| | - Eleanor Bailey
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, 35 Poplar Road, Vic 3052, Australia
| | - Katrina Witt
- Turning Point, Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, 110 Church Street, Richmond, VIC 3121, Australia
| | - Nina Stefanac
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, 35 Poplar Road, Vic 3052, Australia
| | - Allison Milner
- Centre for Health Equity, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, 235 Bouverie Street, Vic 3010, Australia
| | - Dianne Currier
- Centre for Mental Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, 235 Bouverie Street, Vic 3010, Australia
| | - Jane Pirkis
- Centre for Mental Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, 235 Bouverie Street, Vic 3010, Australia
| | - Patrick Condron
- University Library, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia
| | - Sarah Hetrick
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, 35 Poplar Road, Vic 3052, Australia
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Support Building Auckland Hospital, 2 Park Rd, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
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Bailey E, Rice S, Robinson J, Nedeljkovic M, Alvarez-Jimenez M. Theoretical and empirical foundations of a novel online social networking intervention for youth suicide prevention: A conceptual review. J Affect Disord 2018; 238:499-505. [PMID: 29936387 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 05/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Suicide is a major public health problem and is the second leading cause of death in young people worldwide. Indicating a lack of adequate treatment approaches, recent data suggest a rising suicide rate. Current approaches to suicide prevention do not sufficiently account for the specific needs of young people or the ways in which they engage with the health system, nor are they adequately theory-driven. In this paper, we review an empirically-supported theoretical model of suicide together with the latest evidence in treating young people who are at risk. We discuss the potential efficacy of social-media-based online interventions, with a particular focus on how they may be uniquely placed to target interpersonal risk factors for suicide. We highlight the risks associated with such interventions, including the potential for contagion to occur. Based on prominent theoretical models and gaps in existing treatment approaches, we propose a newly-developed, theory-driven, online social-networking-based intervention for suicide prevention in young people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor Bailey
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Australia; Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Simon Rice
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jo Robinson
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Mario Alvarez-Jimenez
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Australia
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Eberth JE, Graves KT, MacLeod JN, Bailey E. Multiple alleles of ACAN
associated with chondrodysplastic dwarfism in Miniature horses. Anim Genet 2018; 49:413-420. [DOI: 10.1111/age.12682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. E. Eberth
- Department of Veterinary Science; MH Gluck Equine Research Center; University of Kentucky; Lexington KY 40546 USA
| | - K. T. Graves
- Department of Veterinary Science; MH Gluck Equine Research Center; University of Kentucky; Lexington KY 40546 USA
| | - J. N. MacLeod
- Department of Veterinary Science; MH Gluck Equine Research Center; University of Kentucky; Lexington KY 40546 USA
| | - E. Bailey
- Department of Veterinary Science; MH Gluck Equine Research Center; University of Kentucky; Lexington KY 40546 USA
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES Youth suicide rates are unacceptably high. Schools have long been accepted as an appropriate setting for suicide prevention activities. This review aims to synthesise the evidence for all types of suicide prevention interventions across educational settings. METHODS The review draws on two previous reviews conducted by the authors. In order to be included, studies had to test a specific suicide prevention intervention in an educational setting, have a suicide-related outcome and target young people. RESULTS A totally of 21 studies were included: 17 were conducted in school settings and four in universities. Seven of the school-based studies (41%) and one of the university studies (25%) were randomised controlled trials. Overall, the trials conducted in schools reported positive effects, as did four of the non- randomised controlled trials. Two of the university-based studies reported positive effects. Both universal and indicated interventions showed positive results; no iatrogenic effects were reported. CONCLUSIONS School-based studies can have a positive impact on suicide-related behaviour and, overall, do not appear to cause harm. Study quality is variable, and the number of studies conducted in school settings far exceed those conducted in universities. These gaps need to be addressed by future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jo Robinson
- Senior Research Fellow, Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Alison L Calear
- Associate Professor, Centre for Mental Health Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Eleanor Bailey
- Research Assistant, Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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Bailey E, Robinson J, McGorry P. Depression and suicide among medical practitioners in Australia. Intern Med J 2018; 48:254-258. [DOI: 10.1111/imj.13717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor Bailey
- Orygen; The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health; Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Jo Robinson
- Orygen; The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health; Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Patrick McGorry
- Orygen; The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health; Melbourne Victoria Australia
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Robinson J, Bailey E, Hetrick S, Paix S, O'Donnell M, Cox G, Ftanou M, Skehan J. Developing Social Media-Based Suicide Prevention Messages in Partnership With Young People: Exploratory Study. JMIR Ment Health 2017; 4:e40. [PMID: 28978499 PMCID: PMC5647460 DOI: 10.2196/mental.7847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social media is increasingly being used by young people for health-related issues, including communicating about suicide. Due to the concerns about causing distress or inducing suicidal thoughts or behaviors, to date young people neither have been engaged in the development of social media-based suicide prevention interventions nor have interventions focused on educating young people about safe ways to communicate about suicide online. Given the potential that social media holds to deliver messages to vast numbers of people across space and time and the fact that young people often prefer to seek help from their friends and peers, safely educating and engaging young people to develop suicide prevention messages that can be delivered via social media is an obvious next step. OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study were to (1) provide education to a small number of secondary school students about safe ways to communicate about suicide via social media; (2) engage the same young people in the development of a suite of social media-based suicide prevention multimedia messages; (3) assess the impact of this on participants; and (4) assess the acceptability and safety of the messages developed. METHODS This study involved two phases. In phase 1, 20 participants recruited from two schools took part in an 8- to 10-week program during which they were provided with psychoeducation about mental health and suicide, including how to talk safely about suicide online, and they were then supported to design and develop their own media messages. These participants completed an evaluation questionnaire at the conclusion of the program. In phase 2, a larger group of participants (n=69), recruited via an opt-in process, viewed the media messages and completed a short questionnaire about each one. RESULTS Participants in phase 1 enjoyed the program and reported that they learned new skills, such as how to talk safely about suicide online, and felt more able to provide emotional support to others (16/20, 80%). No participants reported that the program made them feel suicidal. Participants in phase 2 generally rated the media messages as safe and acceptable, although some messages were rated more highly than others. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that young people can be safely engaged in developing suicide prevention messages, which can be disseminated via social media. Engaging young people in this process may improve the traction that such campaigns will have with other young people. The study also suggests that educating young people regarding how to talk safely about suicide online has multiple benefits and is not associated with distress. Overall, these findings pave the way for new approaches to prevent suicide among young people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jo Robinson
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Eleanor Bailey
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Sarah Hetrick
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Steve Paix
- String Theory Creative, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Georgina Cox
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Maria Ftanou
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jaelea Skehan
- Hunter Institute of Mental Health, Newcastle, Australia
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Abstract
Abstract. Background: Bereavement by suicide is associated with a number of consequences including poor mental health outcomes and increased suicide risk. Despite this, the bereaved by suicide may be reluctant to seek help from friends, family, and professionals. Internet forums and social networking sites are a popular avenue of support for the bereaved, but to date there is a lack of research into their use and efficacy. Aims: To survey users of suicide bereavement Internet forums and Facebook groups regarding their help-seeking behaviors, use of forums, and perceived benefits and limitations of such use. Method: This study employed a cross-sectional design in which users of suicide bereavement Internet forums and Facebook groups completed an anonymous online survey. Results: Participants were 222 users of suicide bereavement Internet forums. Most participants (93.2%) had sought face-to-face help from sources other than Internet forums, but were more likely to seek help in the near future from informal rather than formal sources. Forums were perceived as highly beneficial and there were few limitations. Limitations: The generalizability of these results to other internet forums may be limited. Additionally, we were not able to examine differences between forums in terms of quality or user-reported efficacy. Finally, the data reflects the subjective views of forum users, which may differ from the views of moderators or experts. Conclusion: Internet forums, including Facebook groups, appear to be a useful adjunct to face-to-face help-seeking for supporting those who have been bereaved by suicide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor Bailey
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Karolina Krysinska
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Bridianne O'Dea
- Black Dog Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jo Robinson
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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Abstract
Abstract. Background: Universal education and awareness programs in schools are a promising suicide prevention intervention but to date no research has evaluated the iatrogenic effects of such programs. Aims: To evaluate the efficacy and acceptability of the safeTALK program for secondary school students and determine whether it is associated with any iatrogenic effects. Method: Participants were 129 students from the three main high schools in Alice Springs who attended the safeTALK training and consented to participate in the evaluation. Participants were assessed immediately before and immediately after the training using a purpose-designed survey. Follow-up questionnaires were administered online 4 weeks after completion of the training. Results: Participants demonstrated increases in knowledge about suicide, confidence in talking about issues related to suicide, willingness to talk about suicide, and likelihood of seeking help for suicidal thoughts. There was no evidence that the training induced suicidal thoughts or caused distress; in fact both appeared to decrease following the training. Most participants did not find the training upsetting; they reported the training to be worthwhile and most said that they would recommend it to a friend. Limitations: The lack of control group, use of non-validated measures, and relatively short follow-up period are limitations of this study. Conclusion: Universal suicide prevention workshops in schools can be beneficial and do not appear to be associated with iatrogenic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor Bailey
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Matthew J. Spittal
- Centre for Mental Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jane Pirkis
- Centre for Mental Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Madelyn Gould
- Psychiatry and Public Health, Columbia University, New York, USA
| | - Jo Robinson
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Melbourne, Australia
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Hetrick SE, Yuen HP, Bailey E, Cox GR, Templer K, Rice SM, Bendall S, Robinson J. Internet-based cognitive behavioural therapy for young people with suicide-related behaviour (Reframe-IT): a randomised controlled trial. Evid Based Ment Health 2017; 20:76-82. [PMID: 28701336 PMCID: PMC10688548 DOI: 10.1136/eb-2017-102719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suicide-related behaviours are common in young people and associated with a range of negative outcomes. There are few evidence-based interventions; however, cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) shows promise. Internet delivery of CBT is popular, with potential to increase reach and accessibility. OBJECTIVE To test the effectiveness of an internet-based CBT program (Reframe-IT) in reducing suicide-related behaviours, depression, anxiety, hopelessness and improving problem solving and cognitive and behavioural skills in school students with suicide-related behaviours. METHODS A parallel randomised controlled trial testing the effectiveness of Reframe-IT plus treatment as usual (TAU) compared with TAU alone in reducing suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, depression, hopelessness, symptoms of anxiety, negative problem orientation and cognitive and behavioural skill acquisition was undertaken. We recruited students experiencing suicidal ideation from 18 schools in Melbourne, Australia, between August 2013 and December 2016. The intervention comprised eight modules of CBT delivered online over 10 weeks with assessments conducted at baseline, 10 weeks and 22 weeks. FINDINGS Only 50 of the planned 169 participants were recruited. There were larger improvements in the Reframe-IT group compared with the TAU group for the primary outcome of suicidal ideation (intervention -61.6, SD 41.6; control -47.1, SD 42.3, from baseline to 22-week follow-up intervention); however, differences were non-significant (p=0.593). There were no increases in distress in the majority of participants (91.1%) after completion of each module. Changes in depression and hopelessness partly mediated the effect of acquisition of CBT skills on suicidal ideation. CONCLUSIONS The trial was underpowered due to difficulties recruiting participants as a result of the complex recruitment procedures that were used to ensure safety of participants. Although there were no significant differences between groups, young people were safely and generally well engaged in Reframe-IT and experienced decreases in suicidal ideation and other symptoms as well as improvements in CBT skills. The study is the first online intervention trial internationally to include young people demonstrating all levels of suicide risk. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS Integration of internet-delivered interventions for young people with suicide-related behaviour may result in reductions in these behaviours. Further research is needed, but researchers should feel more confident about being able to safely undertake research with young people who experience these behaviours. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ACTRN12613000864729.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Hetrick
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- The Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hok P Yuen
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- The Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Eleanor Bailey
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- The Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Georgina R Cox
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- The Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kate Templer
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- The Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Simon M Rice
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- The Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Orygen Youth Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sarah Bendall
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- The Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jo Robinson
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- The Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Tanna N, Steel C, Stagnell S, Bailey E. Awareness of medication related osteonecrosis of the jaws (MRONJ) amongst general dental practitioners. Br Dent J 2017; 222:121-125. [DOI: 10.1038/sj.bdj.2017.79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Dylke ES, Schembri GP, Bailey DL, Bailey E, Ward LC, Refshauge K, Beith J, Black D, Kilbreath SL. Diagnosis of upper limb lymphedema: development of an evidence-based approach. Acta Oncol 2016; 55:1477-1483. [PMID: 27333213 DOI: 10.1080/0284186x.2016.1191668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The diagnosis of secondary upper limb lymphedema (LE) is complicated by the lack of an agreed-upon measurement tool and diagnostic threshold. The aim of this study was to determine which of the many commonly used and normatively determined clinical diagnostic thresholds has the best diagnostic accuracy of secondary upper limb LE, when compared to diagnosis by an appropriate reference standard, lymphoscintigraphy. MATERIAL AND METHODS The arms of women treated for breast cancer with and without a previous diagnosis of LE, as well as healthy controls, were assessed using lymphoscintigraphy, bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS) and perometry. Dermal backflow score determined from lymphoscintigraphy imaging assessment (reference standard) was compared with diagnosis by both commonly used and normatively determined diagnostic thresholds for volume and circumference measurements as well as BIS. RESULTS For those with established dermal backflow, all commonly used and normatively determined diagnostic thresholds accurately identified presence of LE compared with lymphoscintigraphy diagnosis. In participants with mild to moderate changes in dermal backflow, only a normatively determined diagnostic threshold, set at two standard deviations above the norm, for arm circumference and full arm BIS were found to have both high sensitivity (81% and 76%, respectively) and specificity (96% and 93%, respectively). For this group, strong, and clinically useful, positive (23 and 10, respectively) and negative likelihood (0.2 and 0.3) ratios were found for both the circumference and bioimpedance diagnostic thresholds. CONCLUSION For the first time, evidence-based clinical diagnostic thresholds have been established for secondary LE. With mild LE, normatively determined circumference and BIS thresholds are superior to the commonly used thresholds.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. S. Dylke
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - G. P. Schembri
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - D. L. Bailey
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - E. Bailey
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - L. C. Ward
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, the University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - K. Refshauge
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - J. Beith
- Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - D. Black
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - S. L. Kilbreath
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Bailey
- MRC Toxicology Unit, Medical Research Council Laboratories, Woodmansterne Road, Carshalton, Surrey SM5 4EF, UK
| | - P.B. Farmer
- MRC Toxicology Unit, Medical Research Council Laboratories, Woodmansterne Road, Carshalton, Surrey SM5 4EF, UK
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Carossino M, Loynachan A, Campos J, Nam B, Canisso I, Go Y, Timoney P, Shuck K, Henney P, Troedsson M, Cook R, Swerczek T, Squires E, Bailey E, Balasuriya U. Sites of persistent equine arteritis virus infection in the reproductive tract of the long-term carrier stallion. J Equine Vet Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2016.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Regatieri IC, Eberth JE, Sarver F, Lear TL, Bailey E. Comparison of
DMRT
3
genotypes among American Saddlebred horses with reference to gait. Anim Genet 2016; 47:603-5. [DOI: 10.1111/age.12458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- I. C. Regatieri
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias UNESP – Univ Estadual Paulista – Jaboticabal São Paulo 14884‐900 Brazil
| | - J. E. Eberth
- Department of Veterinary Science University of Kentucky – Lexington Lexington KY 40506 USA
| | - F. Sarver
- Cornerstone Farm Carlisle Lexington KY 40311 USA
| | - T. L. Lear
- Department of Veterinary Science University of Kentucky – Lexington Lexington KY 40506 USA
| | - E. Bailey
- Department of Veterinary Science University of Kentucky – Lexington Lexington KY 40506 USA
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46
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Rice S, Robinson J, Bendall S, Hetrick S, Cox G, Bailey E, Gleeson J, Alvarez-Jimenez M. Online and Social Media Suicide Prevention Interventions for Young People: A Focus on Implementation and Moderation. J Can Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2016; 25:80-86. [PMID: 27274743 PMCID: PMC4879947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Suicide remains a major global public health issue for young people. The reach and accessibility of online and social media-based interventions herald a unique opportunity for suicide prevention. To date, the large body of research into suicide prevention has been undertaken atheoretically. This paper provides a rationale and theoretical framework (based on the interpersonal theory of suicide), and draws on our experiences of developing and testing online and social media-based interventions. METHOD The implementation of three distinct online and social media-based intervention studies, undertaken with young people at risk of suicide, are discussed. We highlight the ways that these interventions can serve to bolster social connectedness in young people, and outline key aspects of intervention implementation and moderation. RESULTS Insights regarding the implementation of these studies include careful protocol development mindful of risk and ethical issues, establishment of suitably qualified teams to oversee development and delivery of the intervention, and utilisation of key aspects of human support (i.e., moderation) to encourage longer-term intervention engagement. CONCLUSIONS Online and social media-based interventions provide an opportunity to enhance feelings of connectedness in young people, a key component of the interpersonal theory of suicide. Our experience has shown that such interventions can be feasibly and safely conducted with young people at risk of suicide. Further studies, with controlled designs, are required to demonstrate intervention efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Rice
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health
- Centre for Youth Mental Health; The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Youth Mood Clinic, Orygen Youth Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jo Robinson
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health
- Centre for Youth Mental Health; The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sarah Bendall
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health
- Centre for Youth Mental Health; The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sarah Hetrick
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health
- Centre for Youth Mental Health; The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Georgina Cox
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health
- Centre for Youth Mental Health; The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Eleanor Bailey
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health
- Centre for Youth Mental Health; The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - John Gleeson
- School of Psychology, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Mario Alvarez-Jimenez
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health
- Centre for Youth Mental Health; The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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47
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Bailey E, Worthington H, Coulthard P. Ibuprofen and/or paracetamol (acetaminophen) for pain relief after surgical removal of lower wisdom teeth, a Cochrane systematic review. Br Dent J 2016; 216:451-5. [PMID: 24762895 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bdj.2014.330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
This paper compares the beneficial and harmful effects of paracetamol, ibuprofen and the novel combination of both in a single tablet for pain relief following the surgical removal of lower wisdom teeth. In this systematic review only randomised controlled double-blinded clinical trials were included. We calculated the proportion of patients with at least 50% pain relief at 2 and 6 hours post dosing, along with the proportion of participants using rescue medication at 6 and 8 hours. Adverse events were also analysed. Data was meta-analysed where possible. Seven studies were included with a total of 2,241 participants enrolled. Ibuprofen 400 mg is superior to 1,000 mg paracetamol with a risk ratio for at least 50% pain relief at 6 hours of 1.47 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.28 to 1.69). For the combined drug, the risk ratio for at least 50% maximum pain relief over 6 hours is 1.77 (95% CI 1.32 to 2.39) based on total pain relief (TOTPAR) data. There is high quality evidence that ibuprofen is superior to paracetamol. The novel combination drug shows encouraging results when compared to the single drugs (based on two trials).
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Affiliation(s)
- E Bailey
- University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Higher Cambridge Street, Manchester, M13 9PL
| | - H Worthington
- University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Higher Cambridge Street, Manchester, M13 9PL
| | - P Coulthard
- University of Manchester, School of Dentistry, Higher Cambridge Street, Manchester, M13 9PL
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Robinson J, Cox G, Bailey E, Hetrick S, Rodrigues M, Fisher S, Herrman H. Social media and suicide prevention: a systematic review. Early Interv Psychiatry 2016; 10:103-21. [PMID: 25702826 DOI: 10.1111/eip.12229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
AIM Social media platforms are commonly used for the expression of suicidal thoughts and feelings, particularly by young people. Despite this, little is known about the ways in which social media can be used for suicide prevention. The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review to identify current evidence pertaining to the ways in which social media are currently used as a tool for suicide prevention. METHODS Medline, PsycInfo, Embase, CINHAL and the Cochrane Library were searched for articles published between 1991 and April 2014. English language articles with a focus on suicide-related behaviour and social media were included. No exclusion was placed on study design. RESULTS Thirty studies were included; 4 described the development of social media sites designed for suicide prevention, 6 examined the potential of social media in terms of its ability to reach or identify people at risk of suicide, 15 examined the ways in which people used social media for suicide prevention-related purposes, and 5 examined the experiences of people who had used social media sites for suicide prevention purposes. No intervention studies were identified. CONCLUSION Social media platforms can reach large numbers of otherwise hard-to-engage individuals, may allow others to intervene following an expression of suicidal ideation online, and provide an anonymous, accessible and non-judgmental forum for sharing experiences. Challenges include difficulties controlling user behaviour and accurately assessing risk, issues relating to privacy and confidentiality and the possibility of contagion. Social media appears to hold significant potential for suicide prevention; however, additional research into its safety and efficacy is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jo Robinson
- Orygen Youth Health Research Centre, Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Georgina Cox
- Orygen Youth Health Research Centre, Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Eleanor Bailey
- Orygen Youth Health Research Centre, Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sarah Hetrick
- Orygen Youth Health Research Centre, Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Maria Rodrigues
- Community Works Associates Pty Ltd, Docklands, Victoria, Australia
| | - Steve Fisher
- Community Works Associates Pty Ltd, Docklands, Victoria, Australia
| | - Helen Herrman
- Orygen Youth Health Research Centre, Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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Cox GR, Bailey E, Jorm AF, Reavley NJ, Templer K, Parker A, Rickwood D, Bhar S, Robinson J. Development of suicide postvention guidelines for secondary schools: a Delphi study. BMC Public Health 2016; 16:180. [PMID: 26912256 PMCID: PMC4765027 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-016-2822-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suicide of school-aged adolescents is a significant problem, with serious implications for students and staff alike. To date, there is a lack of evidence regarding the most effective way for a secondary school to respond to the suicide of a student, termed postvention [(Crisis 33:208-214, 2012), (Crisis 34:164-182, 2013)]. The aim of this study was to employ the expert consensus (Delphi) methodology to the development of a set of guidelines, to assist English-speaking secondary schools to develop a plan to respond to a student suicide, or to respond to a suicide in the absence of a predetermined plan. METHODS The Delphi methodology was employed, which involved a two-stage process. Firstly, medical and research databases, existing postvention guidelines developed for schools, and lay literature were searched in order to identify potential actions that school staff could carry out following the suicide of a student. Based on this search, an online questionnaire was produced. Secondly, 40 experts in the area of suicide postvention from English-speaking countries were recruited and asked to rate each action contained within this questionnaire, in terms of how important they felt it was to be included in the postvention guidelines. A set of guidelines was developed based on these responses. In total, panel members considered 965 actions across three consensus rounds. RESULTS Five hundred fourty-eight actions were endorsed for inclusion into the postvention guidelines based on an 80% consensus agreement threshold. These actions were groups according to common themes, which are presented in the following sections: 1. Developing an Emergency Response Plan; 2. Forming an Emergency Response Team; 3. Activating the Emergency Response Team; 4. Managing a suspected suicide that occurs on school grounds; 5. Liaising with the deceased student's family; 6. Informing staff of the suicide; 7. Informing students of the suicide; 8. Informing parents of the suicide; 9. Informing the wider community of the suicide; 10. Identifying and supporting high-risk students; 11. Ongoing support of students; 12. Ongoing support of staff; 13. Dealing with the media; 14. Internet and social media; 15. The deceased student's belongings; 16. Funeral and memorial; 17. Continued monitoring of students and staff; 18. Documentation; 19. Critical Incident Review and annual review of the ER Plan; 20. Future prevention. Panel members frequently commented on every suicide being 'unique', and the need for flexibility in the guidelines, in order to accommodate the resources available, and the culture of the school community. CONCLUSION In order to respond effectively and safely to the suicide of a student, schools need to undertake a variety of postvention actions. These are the first set of postvention guidelines produced worldwide for secondary schools that are based on expert opinion using the Delphi method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgina R Cox
- Orygen, the National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health and the Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, 35 Poplar Rd, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia.
- Faculty of Health, Arts and Design, School of Health Sciences, Department of Psychological Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, John Street, Hawthorn, Victoria, 3122, Australia.
| | - Eleanor Bailey
- Orygen, the National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health and the Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, 35 Poplar Rd, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia.
| | - Anthony F Jorm
- Centre for Mental Health, The Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, 207 Bouverie Street, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia.
| | - Nicola J Reavley
- Centre for Mental Health, The Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, 207 Bouverie Street, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia.
| | - Kate Templer
- University of Tasmania, Faculty of Health, Hobart, Tasmania, 7001, Australia.
| | - Alex Parker
- Orygen, the National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health and the Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, 35 Poplar Rd, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia.
- headspace National Youth Mental Health Foundation, 485 La Trobe St, Victoria, 3000, Australia.
| | - Debra Rickwood
- headspace National Youth Mental Health Foundation, 485 La Trobe St, Victoria, 3000, Australia.
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Kirinari St, Bruce, Australian Capital Territory, 2601, Australia.
| | - Sunil Bhar
- Faculty of Health, Arts and Design, School of Health Sciences, Department of Psychological Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, John Street, Hawthorn, Victoria, 3122, Australia.
| | - Jo Robinson
- Orygen, the National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health and the Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, 35 Poplar Rd, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia.
- headspace National Youth Mental Health Foundation, 485 La Trobe St, Victoria, 3000, Australia.
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Abstract
Extreme lordosis, also called swayback, lowback or softback, can occur as a congenital trait or as a degenerative trait associated with ageing. In this study, the hereditary aspect of congenital swayback was investigated using whole genome association studies of 20 affected and 20 unaffected American Saddlebred (ASB) Horses for 48,165 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). A statistically significant association was identified on ECA20 (corrected P=0.017) for SNP BIEC2-532523. Of the 20 affected horses, 17 were homozygous for this SNP when compared to seven homozygotes among the unaffected horses, suggesting a major gene with a recessive mode of inheritance. The result was confirmed by testing an additional 13 affected horses and 166 unaffected horses using 35 SNPs in this region of ECA20 (corrected P=0.036). Combined results for 33 affected horses and 287 non-affected horses allowed identification of a region of homozygosity defined by four SNPs in the region. Based on the haplotype defined by these SNPs, 80% of the 33 affected horses were homozygous, 21% heterozygous and 9% did not possess the haplotype. Among the non-affected horses, 15% were homozygous, 47% heterozygous and 38% did not possess the haplotype. The differences between the two groups were highly significant (P<0.00001). The region defined by this haplotype includes 53 known and predicted genes. Exons from three candidate genes, TRERF1, RUNX2 and CNPY3 were sequenced without finding distinguishing SNPs. The mutation responsible for swayback may lie in other genes or in regulatory regions outside exons. This information can be used by breeders to reduce the occurrence of swayback among their livestock. This condition may serve as a model for investigation of congenital skeletal deformities in other species.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Cook
- Department of Veterinary Science, MH Gluck Equine Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546-0099, USA
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