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Weickert TW, Ji E, Galletly C, Boerrigter D, Morishima Y, Bruggemann J, Balzan R, O’Donnell M, Liu D, Lenroot R, Weickert CS, Kindler J. Toll-Like Receptor mRNA Levels in Schizophrenia: Association With Complement Factors and Cingulate Gyrus Cortical Thinning. Schizophr Bull 2024; 50:403-417. [PMID: 38102721 PMCID: PMC10919782 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbad171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESES Previous studies revealed innate immune system activation in people with schizophrenia (SZ), potentially mediated by endogenous pathogen recognition receptors, notably Toll-like receptors (TLR). TLRs are activated by pathogenic molecules like bacterial lipopolysaccharides (TLR1 and TLR4), viral RNA (TLR3), or both (TLR8). Furthermore, the complement system, another key component of innate immunity, has previously been linked to SZ. STUDY DESIGN Peripheral mRNA levels of TLR1, TLR3, TLR4, and TLR8 were compared between SZ and healthy controls (HC). We investigated their relationship with immune activation through complement expression and cortical thickness of the cingulate gyrus, a region susceptible to immunological hits. TLR mRNA levels and peripheral complement receptor mRNA were extracted from 86 SZ and 77 HC white blood cells; structural MRI scans were conducted on a subset. STUDY RESULTS We found significantly higher TLR4 and TLR8 mRNA levels and lower TLR3 mRNA levels in SZ compared to HC. TLRs and complemental factors were significantly associated in SZ and HC, with the strongest deviations of TLR mRNA levels in the SZ subgroup having elevated complement expression. Cortical thickness of the cingulate gyrus was inversely associated with TLR8 mRNA levels in SZ, and with TLR4 and TLR8 levels in HC. CONCLUSIONS The study underscores the role of innate immune activation in schizophrenia, indicating a coordinated immune response of TLRs and the complement system. Our results suggest there could be more bacterial influence (based on TLR 4 levels) as opposed to viral influence (based on TLR3 levels) in schizophrenia. Specific TLRs were associated with brain cortical thickness reductions of limbic brain structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas W Weickert
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Schizophrenia Research Institute, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Randwick, NSW 2031Australia
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Ellen Ji
- Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Cherrie Galletly
- Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Ramsay Health Care (SA) Mental Health, Adelaide, Australia
- Northern Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Danny Boerrigter
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Schizophrenia Research Institute, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia
| | - Yosuke Morishima
- Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jason Bruggemann
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Schizophrenia Research Institute, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Randwick, NSW 2031Australia
- Edith Collins Centre (Translational Research in Alcohol Drugs and Toxicology), Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, Australia
- Speciality of Addiction Medicine, Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ryan Balzan
- School of Psychology, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Maryanne O’Donnell
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Schizophrenia Research Institute, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia
- Kiloh Centre, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Dennis Liu
- Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Ramsay Health Care (SA) Mental Health, Adelaide, Australia
- Northern Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Rhoshel Lenroot
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Schizophrenia Research Institute, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Randwick, NSW 2031Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131-0001, USA
| | - Cynthia Shannon Weickert
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Schizophrenia Research Institute, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Randwick, NSW 2031Australia
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Jochen Kindler
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Schizophrenia Research Institute, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia
- University Hospital of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, 3000 Bern, Switzerland
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Omlor W, Rabe F, Fuchs S, Cecere G, Homan S, Surbeck W, Kallen N, Georgiadis F, Spiller T, Seifritz E, Weickert T, Bruggemann J, Weickert C, Potkin S, Hashimoto R, Sim K, Rootes-Murdy K, Quide Y, Houenou J, Banaj N, Vecchio D, Piras F, Piras F, Spalletta G, Salvador R, Karuk A, Pomarol-Clotet E, Rodrigue A, Pearlson G, Glahn D, Tomecek D, Spaniel F, Skoch A, Kirschner M, Kaiser S, Kochunov P, Fan FM, Andreassen OA, Westlye LT, Berthet P, Calhoun VD, Howells F, Uhlmann A, Scheffler F, Stein D, Iasevoli F, Cairns MJ, Carr VJ, Catts SV, Di Biase MA, Jablensky A, Green MJ, Henskens FA, Klauser P, Loughland C, Michie PT, Mowry B, Pantelis C, Rasser PE, Schall U, Scott R, Zalesky A, de Bartolomeis A, Barone A, Ciccarelli M, Brunetti A, Cocozza S, Pontillo G, Tranfa M, Di Giorgio A, Thomopoulos SI, Jahanshad N, Thompson PM, van Erp T, Turner J, Homan P. Estimating multimodal brain variability in schizophrenia spectrum disorders: A worldwide ENIGMA study. bioRxiv 2023:2023.09.22.559032. [PMID: 37961617 PMCID: PMC10634976 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.22.559032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective Schizophrenia is a multifaceted disorder associated with structural brain heterogeneity. Despite its relevance for identifying illness subtypes and informative biomarkers, structural brain heterogeneity in schizophrenia remains incompletely understood. Therefore, the objective of this study was to provide a comprehensive insight into the structural brain heterogeneity associated with schizophrenia. Methods This meta- and mega-analysis investigated the variability of multimodal structural brain measures of white and gray matter in individuals with schizophrenia versus healthy controls. Using the ENIGMA dataset of MRI-based brain measures from 22 international sites with up to 6139 individuals for a given brain measure, we examined variability in cortical thickness, surface area, folding index, subcortical volume and fractional anisotropy. Results We found that individuals with schizophrenia are distinguished by higher heterogeneity in the frontotemporal network with regard to multimodal structural measures. Moreover, individuals with schizophrenia showed higher homogeneity of the folding index, especially in the left parahippocampal region. Conclusions Higher multimodal heterogeneity in frontotemporal regions potentially implies different subtypes of schizophrenia that converge on impaired frontotemporal interaction as a core feature of the disorder. Conversely, more homogeneous folding patterns in the left parahippocampal region might signify a consistent characteristic of schizophrenia shared across subtypes. These findings underscore the importance of structural brain variability in advancing our neurobiological understanding of schizophrenia, and aid in identifying illness subtypes as well as informative biomarkers.
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Mohamed Saini S, Bousman CA, Mancuso SG, Cropley V, Van Rheenen TE, Lenroot RK, Bruggemann J, Weickert CS, Weickert TW, Sundram S, Everall IP, Pantelis C. Genetic variation in glutamatergic genes moderates the effects of childhood adversity on brain volume and IQ in treatment-resistant schizophrenia. Schizophrenia (Heidelb) 2023; 9:59. [PMID: 37709784 PMCID: PMC10502098 DOI: 10.1038/s41537-023-00381-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Suriati Mohamed Saini
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Canselor Tuanku Muhriz, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Chad A Bousman
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, Psychiatry, and Physiology and Pharmacology, The University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Serafino G Mancuso
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Vanessa Cropley
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Mental Health, Faculty of Health, Arts and Design, Swinburne University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Tamsyn E Van Rheenen
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Mental Health, Faculty of Health, Arts and Design, Swinburne University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Rhoshel K Lenroot
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Randwick, NSW, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Science, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Jason Bruggemann
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Randwick, NSW, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, NSW, Australia
- Schizophrenia Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Cynthia S Weickert
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Randwick, NSW, Australia
- Department of Neuroscience & Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, NY, USA
- Schizophrenia Research Laboratory, Neuroscience Research Australia, NSW, Australia
| | - Thomas W Weickert
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Randwick, NSW, Australia
- Department of Neuroscience & Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, NY, USA
| | - Suresh Sundram
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Monash Medical Centre, Monash Health, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Ian P Everall
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Christos Pantelis
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Western Centre for Health Research & Education, Sunshine Hospital, Western Health, St Albans, VIC, 3021, Australia
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4
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Constantinides C, Han LKM, Alloza C, Antonucci LA, Arango C, Ayesa-Arriola R, Banaj N, Bertolino A, Borgwardt S, Bruggemann J, Bustillo J, Bykhovski O, Calhoun V, Carr V, Catts S, Chung YC, Crespo-Facorro B, Díaz-Caneja CM, Donohoe G, Plessis SD, Edmond J, Ehrlich S, Emsley R, Eyler LT, Fuentes-Claramonte P, Georgiadis F, Green M, Guerrero-Pedraza A, Ha M, Hahn T, Henskens FA, Holleran L, Homan S, Homan P, Jahanshad N, Janssen J, Ji E, Kaiser S, Kaleda V, Kim M, Kim WS, Kirschner M, Kochunov P, Kwak YB, Kwon JS, Lebedeva I, Liu J, Mitchie P, Michielse S, Mothersill D, Mowry B, de la Foz VOG, Pantelis C, Pergola G, Piras F, Pomarol-Clotet E, Preda A, Quidé Y, Rasser PE, Rootes-Murdy K, Salvador R, Sangiuliano M, Sarró S, Schall U, Schmidt A, Scott RJ, Selvaggi P, Sim K, Skoch A, Spalletta G, Spaniel F, Thomopoulos SI, Tomecek D, Tomyshev AS, Tordesillas-Gutiérrez D, van Amelsvoort T, Vázquez-Bourgon J, Vecchio D, Voineskos A, Weickert CS, Weickert T, Thompson PM, Schmaal L, van Erp TGM, Turner J, Cole JH, Dima D, Walton E. Brain ageing in schizophrenia: evidence from 26 international cohorts via the ENIGMA Schizophrenia consortium. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:1201-1209. [PMID: 36494461 PMCID: PMC10005935 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-022-01897-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia (SZ) is associated with an increased risk of life-long cognitive impairments, age-related chronic disease, and premature mortality. We investigated evidence for advanced brain ageing in adult SZ patients, and whether this was associated with clinical characteristics in a prospective meta-analytic study conducted by the ENIGMA Schizophrenia Working Group. The study included data from 26 cohorts worldwide, with a total of 2803 SZ patients (mean age 34.2 years; range 18-72 years; 67% male) and 2598 healthy controls (mean age 33.8 years, range 18-73 years, 55% male). Brain-predicted age was individually estimated using a model trained on independent data based on 68 measures of cortical thickness and surface area, 7 subcortical volumes, lateral ventricular volumes and total intracranial volume, all derived from T1-weighted brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. Deviations from a healthy brain ageing trajectory were assessed by the difference between brain-predicted age and chronological age (brain-predicted age difference [brain-PAD]). On average, SZ patients showed a higher brain-PAD of +3.55 years (95% CI: 2.91, 4.19; I2 = 57.53%) compared to controls, after adjusting for age, sex and site (Cohen's d = 0.48). Among SZ patients, brain-PAD was not associated with specific clinical characteristics (age of onset, duration of illness, symptom severity, or antipsychotic use and dose). This large-scale collaborative study suggests advanced structural brain ageing in SZ. Longitudinal studies of SZ and a range of mental and somatic health outcomes will help to further evaluate the clinical implications of increased brain-PAD and its ability to be influenced by interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laura K M Han
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Orygen, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Vrije Universiteit and GGZ inGeest, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Clara Alloza
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, IiSGM, CIBERSAM, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Linda Antonella Antonucci
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität-Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Celso Arango
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, IiSGM, CIBERSAM, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Rosa Ayesa-Arriola
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, IDIVAL, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Nerisa Banaj
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bertolino
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Stefan Borgwardt
- Department of Psychiatry (UPK), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Jason Bruggemann
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Juan Bustillo
- Department of Psychiatry, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Oleg Bykhovski
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatric University Hospital (UPK), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Division of Addiction Medicine, Centre Hospitalier des Quatre Villes, St. Cloud, France
| | - Vince Calhoun
- Tri-institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State, Georgia Tech, Emory, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Vaughan Carr
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Stanley Catts
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Young-Chul Chung
- Department of Psychiatry, Jeonbuk National University, Medical School, Jeonju, Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Benedicto Crespo-Facorro
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, IBiS-CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Covadonga M Díaz-Caneja
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, IiSGM, CIBERSAM, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Gary Donohoe
- Centre for Neuroimaging and Cognitive Genomics (NICOG), School of Psychology, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Stefan Du Plessis
- Department of Psychiatry, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
- Stellenbosch University Genomics of Brain Disorders Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Jesse Edmond
- Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Stefan Ehrlich
- Translational Developmental Neuroscience Section, Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Germany
| | - Robin Emsley
- Department of Psychiatry, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Lisa T Eyler
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
- Desert-Pacific Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Paola Fuentes-Claramonte
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
- FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Foivos Georgiadis
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Melissa Green
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Amalia Guerrero-Pedraza
- FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Hospital Benito Menni CASM, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Minji Ha
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Tim Hahn
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Frans A Henskens
- School of Medicine & Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
- Priority Research Centre for Health Behaviour, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Laurena Holleran
- Centre for Neuroimaging and Cognitive Genomics (NICOG), School of Psychology, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Stephanie Homan
- Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Experimental Psychopathology and Psychotherapy, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Homan
- Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Neda Jahanshad
- Imaging Genetics Center, Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
| | - Joost Janssen
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, IiSGM, CIBERSAM, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Ellen Ji
- Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Kaiser
- Division of Adult Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Minah Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Woo-Sung Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Jeonbuk National University, Medical School, Jeonju, Korea
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Matthias Kirschner
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Division of Adult Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Peter Kochunov
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yoo Bin Kwak
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jun Soo Kwon
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - Jingyu Liu
- Department of Computer Science, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Patricia Mitchie
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
- School of Psychological Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Stijn Michielse
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, EURON, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - David Mothersill
- Centre for Neuroimaging and Cognitive Genomics (NICOG), School of Psychology, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
- Department of Psychology, School of Business, National College of Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Bryan Mowry
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- The Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Víctor Ortiz-García de la Foz
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, IDIVAL, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Christos Pantelis
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne & Melbourne Health, Carlton South, VIC, Australia
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience & Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Giulio Pergola
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Piras
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Edith Pomarol-Clotet
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
- FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Adrian Preda
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Yann Quidé
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Paul E Rasser
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
- Priority Centre for Brain & Mental Health Research, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Kelly Rootes-Murdy
- Tri-institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State, Georgia Tech, Emory, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Raymond Salvador
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
- FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Marina Sangiuliano
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Salvador Sarró
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
- FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Ulrich Schall
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
- Priority Centre for Brain & Mental Health Research, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - André Schmidt
- Department of Psychiatry (UPK), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Rodney J Scott
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Pierluigi Selvaggi
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Kang Sim
- West Region, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Antonin Skoch
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
- MR unit, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Gianfranco Spalletta
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Filip Spaniel
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
- Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Sophia I Thomopoulos
- Imaging Genetics Center, Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
| | - David Tomecek
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
- Institute of Computer Science, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Diana Tordesillas-Gutiérrez
- Department of Radiology, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, Valdecilla Biomedical Research Institute IDIVAL, Santander, Spain
- Advanced Computation and e-Science, Instituto de Física de Cantabria CSIC, Santander, Spain
| | - Therese van Amelsvoort
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Javier Vázquez-Bourgon
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, IDIVAL, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Daniela Vecchio
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Aristotle Voineskos
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, CAMH, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Cynthia S Weickert
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Thomas Weickert
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Paul M Thompson
- Imaging Genetics Center, Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
| | - Lianne Schmaal
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Orygen, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Theo G M van Erp
- Clinical Translational Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Jessica Turner
- Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - James H Cole
- Centre for Medical Image Computing, Department of Computer Science, University College London, London, UK
- Dementia Research Centre, Queen Square, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Danai Dima
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Psychology, School of Arts and Social Sciences, City, University of London, London, UK
| | - Esther Walton
- Department of Psychology, University of Bath, Bath, UK.
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5
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Ringin E, Cropley V, Zalesky A, Bruggemann J, Sundram S, Weickert CS, Weickert TW, Bousman CA, Pantelis C, Van Rheenen TE. The impact of smoking status on cognition and brain morphology in schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Psychol Med 2022; 52:3097-3115. [PMID: 33443010 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291720005152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cigarette smoking is associated with worse cognition and decreased cortical volume and thickness in healthy cohorts. Chronic cigarette smoking is prevalent in schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD), but the effects of smoking status on the brain and cognition in SSD are not clear. This study aimed to understand whether cognitive performance and brain morphology differed between smoking and non-smoking individuals with SSD compared to healthy controls. METHODS Data were obtained from the Australian Schizophrenia Research Bank. Cognitive functioning was measured in 299 controls and 455 SSD patients. Cortical volume, thickness and surface area data were analysed from T1-weighted structural scans obtained in a subset of the sample (n = 82 controls, n = 201 SSD). Associations between smoking status (cigarette smoker/non-smoker), cognition and brain morphology were tested using analyses of covariance, including diagnosis as a moderator. RESULTS No smoking by diagnosis interactions were evident, and no significant differences were revealed between smokers and non-smokers across any of the variables measured, with the exception of a significantly thinner left posterior cingulate in smokers compared to non-smokers. Several main effects of smoking in the cognitive, volume and thickness analyses were initially significant but did not survive false discovery rate (FDR) correction. CONCLUSIONS Despite the general absence of significant FDR-corrected findings, trend-level effects suggest the possibility that subtle smoking-related effects exist but were not uncovered due to low statistical power. An investigation of this topic is encouraged to confirm and expand on our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elysha Ringin
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Vanessa Cropley
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia
- Centre for Mental Health, Faculty of Health, Arts and Design, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Andrew Zalesky
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jason Bruggemann
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, New South Wales, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Australia, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Suresh Sundram
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
- Mental Health Program, Monash Health, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Cynthia Shannon Weickert
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, New South Wales, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Australia, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Neuroscience & Physiology, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York 13210, USA
| | - Thomas W Weickert
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, New South Wales, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Australia, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Neuroscience & Physiology, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York 13210, USA
| | - Chad A Bousman
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia
- Departments of Medical Genetics, Psychiatry, and Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Christos Pantelis
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Tamsyn E Van Rheenen
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia
- Centre for Mental Health, Faculty of Health, Arts and Design, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University, Melbourne, Australia
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6
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Patel Y, Shin J, Abé C, Agartz I, Alloza C, Alnæs D, Ambrogi S, Antonucci LA, Arango C, Arolt V, Auzias G, Ayesa-Arriola R, Banaj N, Banaschewski T, Bandeira C, Başgöze Z, Cupertino RB, Bau CHD, Bauer J, Baumeister S, Bernardoni F, Bertolino A, Bonnin CDM, Brandeis D, Brem S, Bruggemann J, Bülow R, Bustillo JR, Calderoni S, Calvo R, Canales-Rodríguez EJ, Cannon DM, Carmona S, Carr VJ, Catts SV, Chenji S, Chew QH, Coghill D, Connolly CG, Conzelmann A, Craven AR, Crespo-Facorro B, Cullen K, Dahl A, Dannlowski U, Davey CG, Deruelle C, Díaz-Caneja CM, Dohm K, Ehrlich S, Epstein J, Erwin-Grabner T, Eyler LT, Fedor J, Fitzgerald J, Foran W, Ford JM, Fortea L, Fuentes-Claramonte P, Fullerton J, Furlong L, Gallagher L, Gao B, Gao S, Goikolea JM, Gotlib I, Goya-Maldonado R, Grabe HJ, Green M, Grevet EH, Groenewold NA, Grotegerd D, Gruber O, Haavik J, Hahn T, Harrison BJ, Heindel W, Henskens F, Heslenfeld DJ, Hilland E, Hoekstra PJ, Hohmann S, Holz N, Howells FM, Ipser JC, Jahanshad N, Jakobi B, Jansen A, Janssen J, Jonassen R, Kaiser A, Kaleda V, Karantonis J, King JA, Kircher T, Kochunov P, Koopowitz SM, Landén M, Landrø NI, Lawrie S, Lebedeva I, Luna B, Lundervold AJ, MacMaster FP, Maglanoc LA, Mathalon DH, McDonald C, McIntosh A, Meinert S, Michie PT, Mitchell P, Moreno-Alcázar A, Mowry B, Muratori F, Nabulsi L, Nenadić I, O'Gorman Tuura R, Oosterlaan J, Overs B, Pantelis C, Parellada M, Pariente JC, Pauli P, Pergola G, Piarulli FM, Picon F, Piras F, Pomarol-Clotet E, Pretus C, Quidé Y, Radua J, Ramos-Quiroga JA, Rasser PE, Reif A, Retico A, Roberts G, Rossell S, Rovaris DL, Rubia K, Sacchet M, Salavert J, Salvador R, Sarró S, Sawa A, Schall U, Scott R, Selvaggi P, Silk T, Sim K, Skoch A, Spalletta G, Spaniel F, Stein DJ, Steinsträter O, Stolicyn A, Takayanagi Y, Tamm L, Tavares M, Teumer A, Thiel K, Thomopoulos SI, Tomecek D, Tomyshev AS, Tordesillas-Gutiérrez D, Tosetti M, Uhlmann A, Van Rheenen T, Vazquez-Bourgón J, Vernooij MW, Vieta E, Vilarroya O, Weickert C, Weickert T, Westlye LT, Whalley H, Willinger D, Winter A, Wittfeld K, Yang TT, Yoncheva Y, Zijlmans JL, Hoogman M, Franke B, van Rooij D, Buitelaar J, Ching CRK, Andreassen OA, Pozzi E, Veltman D, Schmaal L, van Erp TGM, Turner J, Castellanos FX, Pausova Z, Thompson P, Paus T. Virtual Ontogeny of Cortical Growth Preceding Mental Illness. Biol Psychiatry 2022; 92:299-313. [PMID: 35489875 PMCID: PMC11080987 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2022.02.959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Morphology of the human cerebral cortex differs across psychiatric disorders, with neurobiology and developmental origins mostly undetermined. Deviations in the tangential growth of the cerebral cortex during pre/perinatal periods may be reflected in individual variations in cortical surface area later in life. METHODS Interregional profiles of group differences in surface area between cases and controls were generated using T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging from 27,359 individuals including those with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorder, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, schizophrenia, and high general psychopathology (through the Child Behavior Checklist). Similarity of interregional profiles of group differences in surface area and prenatal cell-specific gene expression was assessed. RESULTS Across the 11 cortical regions, group differences in cortical area for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, schizophrenia, and Child Behavior Checklist were dominant in multimodal association cortices. The same interregional profiles were also associated with interregional profiles of (prenatal) gene expression specific to proliferative cells, namely radial glia and intermediate progenitor cells (greater expression, larger difference), as well as differentiated cells, namely excitatory neurons and endothelial and mural cells (greater expression, smaller difference). Finally, these cell types were implicated in known pre/perinatal risk factors for psychosis. Genes coexpressed with radial glia were enriched with genes implicated in congenital abnormalities, birth weight, hypoxia, and starvation. Genes coexpressed with endothelial and mural genes were enriched with genes associated with maternal hypertension and preterm birth. CONCLUSIONS Our findings support a neurodevelopmental model of vulnerability to mental illness whereby prenatal risk factors acting through cell-specific processes lead to deviations from typical brain development during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yash Patel
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jean Shin
- The Hospital for Sick Children and Departments of Physiology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christoph Abé
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ingrid Agartz
- NORMENT Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Clara Alloza
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Dag Alnæs
- NORMENT Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sonia Ambrogi
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Santa Lucia Foundation Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Healthcare, Rome, Italy
| | - Linda A Antonucci
- Departments of Education Science, Psychology, Communication Science, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Celso Arango
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain; School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Volker Arolt
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Guillaume Auzias
- National Centre for Scientific Research, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Rosa Ayesa-Arriola
- Department of Psychiatry, Marques de Valdecilla University Hospital, Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla, CIBERSAM, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Nerisa Banaj
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Santa Lucia Foundation Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Healthcare, Rome, Italy
| | - Tobias Banaschewski
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Cibele Bandeira
- Department of Genetics, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Zeynep Başgöze
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | | | - Claiton H D Bau
- Department of Genetics, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Jochen Bauer
- Department of Clinical Radiology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Sarah Baumeister
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Fabio Bernardoni
- Translational Developmental Neuroscience Section, Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | - Alessandro Bertolino
- Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Caterina Del Mar Bonnin
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Brandeis
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Silvia Brem
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Psychiatry, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Robin Bülow
- Institute of Diagnostic Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Juan R Bustillo
- Department of Psychiatry, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Sara Calderoni
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Healthcare Stella Maris Foundation, Pisa, Italy
| | - Rosa Calvo
- Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Dara M Cannon
- Clinical Neuroimaging Lab, Center for Neuroimaging, Cognition and Genomics, Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine, Nursing, and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Susanna Carmona
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Stanley V Catts
- School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Sneha Chenji
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Qian Hui Chew
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | - David Coghill
- Department of Paediatrics, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia; Department of Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Colm G Connolly
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida
| | - Annette Conzelmann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Alexander R Craven
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Benedicto Crespo-Facorro
- Department of Psychiatry, Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, Universidad de Sevilla, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, CIBERSAM, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Kathryn Cullen
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Andreas Dahl
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Udo Dannlowski
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Christopher G Davey
- Department of Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Christine Deruelle
- National Centre for Scientific Research, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | | | - Katharina Dohm
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Stefan Ehrlich
- Translational Developmental Neuroscience Section, Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | - Jeffery Epstein
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Tracy Erwin-Grabner
- Laboratory of Systems Neuroscience and Imaging in Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lisa T Eyler
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - Jennifer Fedor
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Jacqueline Fitzgerald
- Trinity Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - William Foran
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Judith M Ford
- San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, California
| | - Lydia Fortea
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Lisa Furlong
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Louise Gallagher
- Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Bingchen Gao
- Clinical Translational Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California
| | - Si Gao
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jose M Goikolea
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ian Gotlib
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Roberto Goya-Maldonado
- Laboratory of Systems Neuroscience and Imaging in Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Hans J Grabe
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | | | - Eugenio H Grevet
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Nynke A Groenewold
- Department of Psychiatry & Mental Health, Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Dominik Grotegerd
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Oliver Gruber
- Section for Experimental Psychopathology and Neuroimaging, Department of General Psychiatry, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jan Haavik
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Tim Hahn
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Ben J Harrison
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Walter Heindel
- Department of Clinical Radiology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Frans Henskens
- School of Medicine & Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Dirk J Heslenfeld
- Experimental and Clinical Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eva Hilland
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Pieter J Hoekstra
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sarah Hohmann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Nathalie Holz
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Fleur M Howells
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Jonathan C Ipser
- Department of Psychiatry & Mental Health, Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Neda Jahanshad
- USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, California
| | - Babette Jakobi
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Andreas Jansen
- Core Facility Brain imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Joost Janssen
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rune Jonassen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anna Kaiser
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - James Karantonis
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Joseph A King
- Translational Developmental Neuroscience Section, Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | - Tilo Kircher
- Department of Psychiatry, Marburg University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Peter Kochunov
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Sheri-Michelle Koopowitz
- Department of Psychiatry & Mental Health, Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Mikael Landén
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Stephen Lawrie
- Division of Psychiatry, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | | | - Beatriz Luna
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Astri J Lundervold
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Frank P MacMaster
- Departments of Psychiatry and Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Luigi A Maglanoc
- Department for Data Capture and Collections Management, University Center for Information Technology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Daniel H Mathalon
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Colm McDonald
- Galway Neuroscience Centre, Center for Neuroimaging, Cognition and Genomics, Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine, Nursing, and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Andrew McIntosh
- Division of Psychiatry, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Susanne Meinert
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Patricia T Michie
- School of Psychology, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Ana Moreno-Alcázar
- FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Bryan Mowry
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Filippo Muratori
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Healthcare Stella Maris Foundation, Pisa, Italy
| | - Leila Nabulsi
- Clinical Neuroimaging Lab, Center for Neuroimaging, Cognition and Genomics, Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine, Nursing, and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Igor Nenadić
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | | | - Jaap Oosterlaan
- Clinical Neuropsychology Section, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Christos Pantelis
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Carlton South, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mara Parellada
- School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose C Pariente
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging core facility, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paul Pauli
- Department of Psychology (Biological Psychology, Clinical Psychology, and Psychotherapy), University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Giulio Pergola
- Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Maria Piarulli
- Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Felipe Picon
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Fabrizio Piras
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Santa Lucia Foundation Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Healthcare, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Clara Pretus
- Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Joaquim Radua
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Antoni Ramos-Quiroga
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebrón, CIBERSAM, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paul E Rasser
- Priority Centre for Brain & Mental Health Research, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Andreas Reif
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt-Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | | | | | - Susan Rossell
- Centre for Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Diego Luiz Rovaris
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Katya Rubia
- Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Sacchet
- Center for Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Research, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Massachusetts
| | - Josep Salavert
- FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Akira Sawa
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ulrich Schall
- Priority Centre for Brain & Mental Health Research, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rodney Scott
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Pierluigi Selvaggi
- Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Consorziale Policlinico di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Tim Silk
- School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kang Sim
- West Region, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Antonin Skoch
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
| | - Gianfranco Spalletta
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Santa Lucia Foundation Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Healthcare, Rome, Italy
| | - Filip Spaniel
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
| | - Dan J Stein
- Department of Psychiatry & Mental Health, Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Olaf Steinsträter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Aleks Stolicyn
- Division of Psychiatry, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Yoichiro Takayanagi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Leanne Tamm
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Maria Tavares
- Department of Genetics, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Alexander Teumer
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Katharina Thiel
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Sophia I Thomopoulos
- Imaging Genetics Center, USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, California
| | - David Tomecek
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
| | | | - Diana Tordesillas-Gutiérrez
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla, Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla, Santander, Spain
| | - Michela Tosetti
- Laboratory of Medical Physics and Magnetic Resonance, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Healthcare Stella Maris Foundation, Pisa, Italy
| | - Anne Uhlmann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Germany
| | - Tamsyn Van Rheenen
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Javier Vazquez-Bourgón
- Department of Psychiatry, Marques de Valdecilla University Hospital, Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla, CIBERSAM, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Meike W Vernooij
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eduard Vieta
- Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oscar Vilarroya
- Department of Psychiatry, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Valles, Spain
| | - Cynthia Weickert
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Lars T Westlye
- NORMENT Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Heather Whalley
- Division of Psychiatry, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - David Willinger
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric University Hospital, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alexandra Winter
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Katharina Wittfeld
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Site Rostock/Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Tony T Yang
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | | | - Jendé L Zijlmans
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martine Hoogman
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Barbara Franke
- Departments of Human Genetics and Psychiatry, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Daan van Rooij
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Buitelaar
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Christopher R K Ching
- Imaging Genetics Center, USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, California
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- NORMENT Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Elena Pozzi
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Dick Veltman
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, VUMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lianne Schmaal
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Theo G M van Erp
- Clinical Translational Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California
| | | | | | - Zdenka Pausova
- The Hospital for Sick Children and Departments of Physiology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paul Thompson
- Imaging Genetics Center, USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, California
| | - Tomas Paus
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, University of Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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Ji E, Boerrigter D, Cai HQ, Lloyd D, Bruggemann J, O'Donnell M, Galletly C, Lloyd A, Liu D, Lenroot R, Weickert TW, Shannon Weickert C. Peripheral complement is increased in schizophrenia and inversely related to cortical thickness. Brain Behav Immun 2022; 101:423-434. [PMID: 34808287 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2021.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is growing evidence for complement system involvement in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia, although the extent and magnitude of complement factor disturbances has not been fully reported. It also remains unclear whether complement abnormalities are characteristic of all patients with schizophrenia or whether they are representative of a subgroup of patients who show signs of heightened inflammation. The aim of the present study was to quantify and compare the levels of a range of complement factors, receptors and regulators in healthy controls and people with schizophrenia and to determine the extent to which the levels of these peripheral molecules relate to measures of brain structure, particularly cortical thickness. METHOD Seventy-five healthy controls and 90 patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder were included in the study. Peripheral blood samples were collected from all participants and mRNA expression was quantified in 20 complement related genes, four complement proteins, as well as for four cytokines. T1-weighted structural MRI scans were acquired and analysed to determine cortical thickness measures. RESULTS There were significant increases in peripheral mRNA encoding receptors (C5ar1, CR1, CR3a), regulators (CD55, C59) and protein concentrations (C3, C3b, C4) in people with schizophrenia relative to healthy controls. C4a expression was significantly increased in a subgroup of patients displaying elevated peripheral cytokine levels. A higher inflammation index score derived from mRNA expression patterns predicted reductions in cortical thickness in the temporal lobe (superior temporal gyrus, transverse temporal gyrus, fusiform gyrus, insula) in patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls. CONCLUSIONS Analysis of all three major complement pathways supports increased complement activity in schizophrenia and also shows that peripheral C4a up-regulation is related to increased peripheral pro-inflammatory cytokines in healthy controls. Our region-specific, neuroimaging findings linked to an increased peripheral complement mRNA expression pattern suggests a role for complement in cortical thinning. Further studies are required to further clarify clinical and neurobiological consequences of aberrant complement levels in schizophrenia and related psychoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Ji
- Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Helen Q Cai
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - David Lloyd
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jason Bruggemann
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Edith Collins Centre (Translational Research in Alcohol Drugs & Toxicology), Sydney Local Health District, Australia; Speciality of Addiction Medicine, Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Australia
| | - Maryanne O'Donnell
- School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Cherrie Galletly
- Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Northern Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Ramsay Health Care (SA) Mental Health Services, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Andrew Lloyd
- Inflammation and Infection Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Dennis Liu
- Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Northern Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Rhoshel Lenroot
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Thomas W Weickert
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Cynthia Shannon Weickert
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA.
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8
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Radua J, Vieta E, Shinohara R, Kochunov P, Quidé Y, Green MJ, Weickert CS, Weickert T, Bruggemann J, Kircher T, Nenadić I, Cairns MJ, Seal M, Schall U, Henskens F, Fullerton JM, Mowry B, Pantelis C, Lenroot R, Cropley V, Loughland C, Scott R, Wolf D, Satterthwaite TD, Tan Y, Sim K, Piras F, Spalletta G, Banaj N, Pomarol-Clotet E, Solanes A, Albajes-Eizagirre A, Canales-Rodríguez EJ, Sarro S, Di Giorgio A, Bertolino A, Stäblein M, Oertel V, Knöchel C, Borgwardt S, du Plessis S, Yun JY, Kwon JS, Dannlowski U, Hahn T, Grotegerd D, Alloza C, Arango C, Janssen J, Díaz-Caneja C, Jiang W, Calhoun V, Ehrlich S, Yang K, Cascella NG, Takayanagi Y, Sawa A, Tomyshev A, Lebedeva I, Kaleda V, Kirschner M, Hoschl C, Tomecek D, Skoch A, van Amelsvoort T, Bakker G, James A, Preda A, Weideman A, Stein DJ, Howells F, Uhlmann A, Temmingh H, López-Jaramillo C, Díaz-Zuluaga A, Fortea L, Martinez-Heras E, Solana E, Llufriu S, Jahanshad N, Thompson P, Turner J, van Erp T. Increased power by harmonizing structural MRI site differences with the ComBat batch adjustment method in ENIGMA. Neuroimage 2020; 218:116956. [PMID: 32470572 PMCID: PMC7524039 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A common limitation of neuroimaging studies is their small sample sizes. To overcome this hurdle, the Enhancing Neuro Imaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis (ENIGMA) Consortium combines neuroimaging data from many institutions worldwide. However, this introduces heterogeneity due to different scanning devices and sequences. ENIGMA projects commonly address this heterogeneity with random-effects meta-analysis or mixed-effects mega-analysis. Here we tested whether the batch adjustment method, ComBat, can further reduce site-related heterogeneity and thus increase statistical power. We conducted random-effects meta-analyses, mixed-effects mega-analyses and ComBat mega-analyses to compare cortical thickness, surface area and subcortical volumes between 2897 individuals with a diagnosis of schizophrenia and 3141 healthy controls from 33 sites. Specifically, we compared the imaging data between individuals with schizophrenia and healthy controls, covarying for age and sex. The use of ComBat substantially increased the statistical significance of the findings as compared to random-effects meta-analyses. The findings were more similar when comparing ComBat with mixed-effects mega-analysis, although ComBat still slightly increased the statistical significance. ComBat also showed increased statistical power when we repeated the analyses with fewer sites. Results were nearly identical when we applied the ComBat harmonization separately for cortical thickness, cortical surface area and subcortical volumes. Therefore, we recommend applying the ComBat function to attenuate potential effects of site in ENIGMA projects and other multi-site structural imaging work. We provide easy-to-use functions in R that work even if imaging data are partially missing in some brain regions, and they can be trained with one data set and then applied to another (a requirement for some analyses such as machine learning).
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquim Radua
- Imaging of Mood- and Anxiety-Related Disorders (IMARD) Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain; Early Psychosis: Interventions and Clinical-detection (EPIC) Lab, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK; Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Eduard Vieta
- CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain; Bipolar and depressive disorders, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Barcelona Bipolar Disorders Program, Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Russell Shinohara
- Penn Statistics in Imaging and Visualization Center, Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Peter Kochunov
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yann Quidé
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Melissa J Green
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Cynthia S Weickert
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Department of Neuroscience & Physiology, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, Newyork, NY, USA
| | - Thomas Weickert
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jason Bruggemann
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Tilo Kircher
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Igor Nenadić
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Murray J Cairns
- University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Marc Seal
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ulrich Schall
- University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Frans Henskens
- Health Behaviour Research Group, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Janice M Fullerton
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Bryan Mowry
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Christos Pantelis
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Dept. of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; North Western Mental Health, Melbourne Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Rhoshel Lenroot
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia; University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Vanessa Cropley
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Dept. of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Rodney Scott
- University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Daniel Wolf
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Yunlong Tan
- Psychiatry Research Center, Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Kang Sim
- West Region and Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Fabrizio Piras
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Spalletta
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy; Division of Neuropsychiatry, Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Nerisa Banaj
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Edith Pomarol-Clotet
- CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain; FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aleix Solanes
- Imaging of Mood- and Anxiety-Related Disorders (IMARD) Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain; FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anton Albajes-Eizagirre
- Imaging of Mood- and Anxiety-Related Disorders (IMARD) Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain; FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Erick J Canales-Rodríguez
- CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain; FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Radiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland; Signal Processing Lab (LTS5), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Salvador Sarro
- CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain; FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain; School of Medicine, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Annabella Di Giorgio
- IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy; Department of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Bari, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bertolino
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Bari, Italy
| | - Michael Stäblein
- Dept. of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Viola Oertel
- Dept. of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Christian Knöchel
- Dept. of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Stefan Borgwardt
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Lübeck, Germany
| | - Stefan du Plessis
- University of Stellenbosch, Cape Town, Western Province, South Africa
| | - Je-Yeon Yun
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Yeongeon Student Support Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Soo Kwon
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Brain & Cognitive Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Udo Dannlowski
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Tim Hahn
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | | | - Clara Alloza
- CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Celso Arango
- CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain; School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Joost Janssen
- CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Covadonga Díaz-Caneja
- CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain; School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Vince Calhoun
- Tri-institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State, Georgia Tech, Emory, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Stefan Ehrlich
- Technische Universität Dresden, Faculty of Medicine, Division of Psychological and Social Medicine, Dresden, Germany
| | - Kun Yang
- Departments of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nicola G Cascella
- Departments of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yoichiro Takayanagi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan; Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Akira Sawa
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA; Departments of Psychiatry, Neuroscience, and Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | - Matthias Kirschner
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Cyril Hoschl
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic; Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - David Tomecek
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic; Institute of Computer Science, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic; Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Antonin Skoch
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic; MR Unit, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Therese van Amelsvoort
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Geor Bakker
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Anthony James
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Adrian Preda
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Andrea Weideman
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Dan J Stein
- SAMRC Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, Dept of Psychiatry and Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, Western Province, South Africa
| | - Fleur Howells
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa; Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Anne Uhlmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Henk Temmingh
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa; Valkenburg Hospital, Observatory, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Carlos López-Jaramillo
- Research Group in Psychiatry GIPSI, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia; Mood Disorders Program, Hospital Universitario San Vicente Fundación, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Ana Díaz-Zuluaga
- Research Group in Psychiatry GIPSI, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia
| | - Lydia Fortea
- Imaging of Mood- and Anxiety-Related Disorders (IMARD) Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eloy Martinez-Heras
- University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Center of Neuroimmunology. Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases. Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elisabeth Solana
- University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Center of Neuroimmunology. Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases. Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sara Llufriu
- University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Center of Neuroimmunology. Laboratory of Advanced Imaging in Neuroimmunological Diseases. Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Neda Jahanshad
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark & Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Paul Thompson
- Imaging Genetics Center, Department of Neurology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Theo van Erp
- Clinical Translational Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA; Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California Irvine, 309 Qureshey Research Lab, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
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9
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Van Rheenen TE, Cropley V, Fagerlund B, Wannan C, Bruggemann J, Lenroot RK, Sundram S, Weickert CS, Weickert TW, Zalesky A, Bousman CA, Pantelis C. Cognitive reserve attenuates age-related cognitive decline in the context of putatively accelerated brain ageing in schizophrenia-spectrum disorders. Psychol Med 2020; 50:1475-1489. [PMID: 31274065 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291719001417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In schizophrenia, relative stability in the magnitude of cognitive deficits across age and illness duration is inconsistent with the evidence of accelerated deterioration in brain regions known to support these functions. These discrepant brain-cognition outcomes may be explained by variability in cognitive reserve (CR), which in neurological disorders has been shown to buffer against brain pathology and minimize its impact on cognitive or clinical indicators of illness. METHODS Age-related change in fluid reasoning, working memory and frontal brain volume, area and thickness were mapped using regression analysis in 214 individuals with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder and 168 healthy controls. In patients, these changes were modelled as a function of CR. RESULTS Patients showed exaggerated age-related decline in brain structure, but not fluid reasoning compared to controls. In the patient group, no moderation of age-related brain structural change by CR was evident. However, age-related cognitive change was moderated by CR, such that only patients with low CR showed evidence of exaggerated fluid reasoning decline that paralleled the exaggerated age-related deterioration of underpinning brain structures seen in all patients. CONCLUSIONS In schizophrenia-spectrum illness, CR may negate ageing effects on fluid reasoning by buffering against pathologically exaggerated structural brain deterioration through some form of compensation. CR may represent an important modifier that could explain inconsistencies in brain structure - cognition outcomes in the extant literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamsyn E Van Rheenen
- Department of Psychiatry, Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia
- Centre for Mental Health, Faculty of Health, Arts and Design, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Vanessa Cropley
- Department of Psychiatry, Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia
- Centre for Mental Health, Faculty of Health, Arts and Design, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Birgitte Fagerlund
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research and Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS), Mental Health Center, Glostrup, Denmark
- Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Cassandra Wannan
- Department of Psychiatry, Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jason Bruggemann
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, New South Wales, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Australia, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rhoshel K Lenroot
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, New South Wales, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Australia, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Suresh Sundram
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
- Mental Health Program, Monash Health, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Cynthia Shannon Weickert
- Department of Psychiatry, Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, New South Wales, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Australia, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Neuroscience & Physiology, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York13210, USA
| | - Thomas W Weickert
- Department of Psychiatry, Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, New South Wales, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Australia, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Andrew Zalesky
- Department of Psychiatry, Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Chad A Bousman
- Department of Psychiatry, Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, Australia
- Departments of Medical Genetics, Psychiatry, and Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Christos Pantelis
- Department of Psychiatry, Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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10
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Wells R, Jacomb I, Swaminathan V, Sundram S, Weinberg D, Bruggemann J, Cropley V, Lenroot RK, Pereira AM, Zalesky A, Bousman C, Pantelis C, Weickert CS, Weickert TW. The Impact of Childhood Adversity on Cognitive Development in Schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 2020; 46:140-153. [PMID: 31050754 PMCID: PMC6942153 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbz033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Childhood adversity, such as physical, sexual, and verbal abuse, as well as neglect and family conflict, is a risk factor for schizophrenia. Such adversity can lead to disruptions of cognitive function during development, undermining intellectual capabilities and academic achievement. Schizophrenia is a neurodevelopmental disorder that is associated with cognitive impairments that may become evident during childhood. The Australian Schizophrenia Research Bank database comprises a large community cohort (N = 1169) in which we previously identified 3 distinct cognitive groups among people with schizophrenia: (1) Compromised, current, and estimated premorbid cognitive impairment; (2) Deteriorated, substantial decline from estimated premorbid function; and (3) Preserved, performing in the normal cognitive range without decline. The compromised group displayed the worst functional and symptom outcomes. Here, we extend our previous work by assessing the relationship among these categories of cognitive abilities and reported childhood adversity in 836 patients and healthy controls. Exploratory factor analysis of the Childhood Adversity Questionnaire revealed 3 factors (lack of parental involvement; overt abuse; family breakdown and hardship). People with schizophrenia reported significantly more childhood adversity than healthy controls on all items and factors. People with schizophrenia in the compromised group reported significantly more lack of parental involvement and family breakdown and hardship and lower socioeconomic status than those in the deteriorated group. The cognitive groups were not related to family history of psychosis. These findings identify specific social and family factors that impact cognition, highlighting the important role of these factors in the development of cognitive and functional abilities in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Wells
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia,Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Sydney, Australia
| | - Isabella Jacomb
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia,Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Sydney, Australia
| | - Vaidy Swaminathan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia,Mental Health Program, Monash Medical Centre, Monash Health, Clayton, Australia,Schizophrenia Research Institute, Sydney, Australia,Molecular Psychopharmacology Laboratory, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Australia
| | - Suresh Sundram
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia,Mental Health Program, Monash Medical Centre, Monash Health, Clayton, Australia,Molecular Psychopharmacology Laboratory, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Australia,Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Danielle Weinberg
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia,Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Sydney, Australia,Present address: Clinical Research Support Office, Childrens Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Jason Bruggemann
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia,Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Sydney, Australia
| | - Vanessa Cropley
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Rhoshel K Lenroot
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia,Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Sydney, Australia,Schizophrenia Research Institute, Sydney, Australia,Present address: School of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM
| | - Avril M Pereira
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia,Molecular Psychopharmacology Laboratory, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Australia
| | - Andrew Zalesky
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Chad Bousman
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia,Present address: Department of Medical Genetics, Psychiatry, and Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Christos Pantelis
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia,Schizophrenia Research Institute, Sydney, Australia
| | - Cynthia Shannon Weickert
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia,Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Sydney, Australia,Schizophrenia Research Institute, Sydney, Australia,Present address: Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York
| | - Thomas W Weickert
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia,Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Sydney, Australia,Schizophrenia Research Institute, Sydney, Australia,To whom correspondence should be addressed; tel: +61-02-9399-1730, fax: +61-02-9399-1034, e-mail:
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11
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Weickert TW, Salimuddin H, Lenroot RK, Bruggemann J, Loo C, Vercammen A, Kindler J, Weickert CS. Preliminary findings of four-week, task-based anodal prefrontal cortex transcranial direct current stimulation transferring to other cognitive improvements in schizophrenia. Psychiatry Res 2019; 280:112487. [PMID: 31376788 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2019.112487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Most transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) trials of schizophrenia administer few sessions and do not assess transfer effects to other cognitive domains. In a randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled, parallel groups trial, we determined the extent to which 4-weeks of 2 mA tDCS at 20 min/day totalling 20 tDCS sessions administered during a spatial working memory test, with anodal right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and cathodal left tempo-parietal junction (TPJ) placement, as an adjunct to antipsychotics reduced auditory hallucinations and improved cognition in 12 outpatients with schizophrenia. Anodal tDCS significantly improved language-based working memory after 2 weeks and verbal fluency after 2 and 4 weeks. Thus, four weeks of tDCS appears to be safe and elicits transfer benefits to other prefrontal-dependent cognitive abilities in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- T W Weickert
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia.
| | - H Salimuddin
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - R K Lenroot
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, USA
| | - J Bruggemann
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia
| | - C Loo
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Black Dog Institute, Sydney, Australia
| | - A Vercammen
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia; Faculty of Natural Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - J Kindler
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia; University Hospital of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - C S Weickert
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia
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12
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Hoffmann C, Van Rheenen TE, Mancuso SG, Zalesky A, Bruggemann J, Lenroot RK, Sundram S, Weickert CS, Weickert TW, Pantelis C, Cropley V, Bousman CA. Exploring the moderating effects of dopaminergic polymorphisms and childhood adversity on brain morphology in schizophrenia-spectrum disorders. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2018; 281:61-68. [PMID: 30253269 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Genetic and environmental etiologies may contribute to schizophrenia and its associated neurobiological profile. We examined the interaction between dopaminergic polymorphisms, childhood adversity and diagnosis (schizophrenia/schizoaffective disorder) on dopamine-related brain structures. Childhood adversity histories and structural MRI data were obtained from 249 (153 schizophrenia/schizoaffective, 96 controls) participants registered in the Australian Schizophrenia Research Bank. Polymorphisms in DRD2 and COMT were genotyped and a dopaminergic risk allelic load (RAL) was calculated. Regression analysis was used to test the main and interaction effects of RAL, childhood adversity and diagnosis on volumes of dopamine-related brain structures (caudate, putamen, nucleus accumbens, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and hippocampus). A schizophrenia/schizoaffective diagnosis showed significant main effects on bilateral hippocampus, left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and bilateral putamen volumes. RAL showed a significant main effect on left putamen volumes. Furthermore, across the whole sample, a significant two-way interaction between dopaminergic RAL and childhood adversity was found for left putamen volumes. No brain structure volumes were predicted by a three-way interaction that included diagnosis. Our finding suggests the left putamen may be particularly sensitive to dopaminergic gene-environment interactions regardless of diagnosis. However, larger studies are needed to assess whether these interactions are more or less pronounced in those with schizophrenia/schizoaffective disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra Hoffmann
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Tamsyn E Van Rheenen
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Mental Health, Faculty of Health, Arts and Design, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Serafino G Mancuso
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Andrew Zalesky
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jason Bruggemann
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Australia; Neuroscience Research Australia, New South Wales, Australia; Schizophrenia Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rhoshel K Lenroot
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Australia; Neuroscience Research Australia, New South Wales, Australia; Schizophrenia Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, USA
| | - Suresh Sundram
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Australia; Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Australia; Mental Health Program, Monash Health, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Cynthia Shannon Weickert
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia; School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Australia; Neuroscience Research Australia, New South Wales, Australia; Schizophrenia Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Department of Neuroscience & Physiology, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Thomas W Weickert
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia; School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Australia; Neuroscience Research Australia, New South Wales, Australia; Schizophrenia Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Christos Pantelis
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia; Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Australia; Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Vanessa Cropley
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Mental Health, Faculty of Health, Arts and Design, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Chad A Bousman
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia; Departments of Medical Genetics, Psychiatry, and Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
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13
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Jacomb I, Stanton C, Vasudevan R, Powell H, O'Donnell M, Lenroot R, Bruggemann J, Balzan R, Galletly C, Liu D, Weickert CS, Weickert TW. C-Reactive Protein: Higher During Acute Psychotic Episodes and Related to Cortical Thickness in Schizophrenia and Healthy Controls. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2230. [PMID: 30364161 PMCID: PMC6192380 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
There is increasing evidence for the role of inflammation in schizophrenia, yet the stability of increased peripheral inflammation in acute psychosis and the degree to which peripheral inflammation relates to cortical thickness, a measure of the degree of neuropathology, are unknown. In independent samples, we assessed the peripheral inflammation marker C-reactive protein (CRP) to determine the extent to which: (1) CRP was elevated and stable across admissions for acute psychosis, (2) cognition, daily function and symptom severity are characteristic of chronically ill patients with schizophrenia displaying elevated CRP, and (3) CRP levels predict cortical thickness. Study 1 assessed peripheral CRP (primary outcome) and other blood measures in 174/280 people with acute psychosis while Study 2 assessed peripheral CRP, cognition and cortical thickness (primary outcomes), symptoms, and daily function in 85/97 chronically ill patients with schizophrenia and 71/87 healthy controls. In acute psychosis, CRP and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio were significantly elevated relative to a normal cutoff (with 59.8% of patients having elevated CRP) which remained elevated across admissions. CRP was significantly elevated in 43% of chronically ill patients with schizophrenia compared to 20% in controls. Elevated CRP patients displayed significantly worse working memory and CRP was inversely correlated with cortical thickness in frontal, insula, and temporal brain regions. This work supports the role of inflammation in psychotic illnesses and suggests that use of peripheral markers (e.g., CRP) in conjunction with diagnosis could be used to identify patients with more cortical neuropathology and cognitive deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Jacomb
- Schizophrenia Research Laboratory, Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Clive Stanton
- Schizophrenia Research Laboratory, Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, NSW, Australia.,Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia.,School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Hugh Powell
- Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Maryanne O'Donnell
- Schizophrenia Research Laboratory, Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, NSW, Australia.,Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia.,School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Rhoshel Lenroot
- Schizophrenia Research Laboratory, Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, NSW, Australia.,Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia.,School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Jason Bruggemann
- Schizophrenia Research Laboratory, Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, NSW, Australia.,School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Ryan Balzan
- Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,College of Education, Psychology and Social Work, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Cherrie Galletly
- Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Northern Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Dennis Liu
- Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Northern Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Cynthia S Weickert
- Schizophrenia Research Laboratory, Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, NSW, Australia.,School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Randwick, NSW, Australia.,Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - Thomas W Weickert
- Schizophrenia Research Laboratory, Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, NSW, Australia.,School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Randwick, NSW, Australia
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14
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Mazzoni A, Grove R, Eapen V, Lenroot RK, Bruggemann J. The promise of functional near-infrared spectroscopy in autism research: What do we know and where do we go? Soc Neurosci 2018; 14:505-518. [PMID: 29985114 DOI: 10.1080/17470919.2018.1497701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a neuroimaging technique that has been gaining increasing interest as a method to investigate the brain function of individuals on the autism spectrum. It is a non-invasive, portable and relatively motion-tolerant method of measuring haemodynamic activity in the brain. fNIRS can be particularly effective for quantifying brain function in challenging clinical populations. In light of this, there is a growing body of fNIRS literature focusing on individuals on the autism spectrum. The aim of this review is to evaluate and summarise key studies from the literature and discuss their implications for the field. Potential limitations of the fNIRS approach and resolution of these issues based on emerging fNIRS research are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Mazzoni
- a School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales , Sydney , Australia.,b Cooperative Research Centre for Living with Autism (Autism CRC) , Brisbane , Queensland , Australia
| | - Rachel Grove
- a School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales , Sydney , Australia.,b Cooperative Research Centre for Living with Autism (Autism CRC) , Brisbane , Queensland , Australia
| | - Valsamma Eapen
- a School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales , Sydney , Australia.,b Cooperative Research Centre for Living with Autism (Autism CRC) , Brisbane , Queensland , Australia
| | - Rhoshel K Lenroot
- a School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales , Sydney , Australia.,c Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of New Mexico , Albuquerque , New Mexico , USA.,d Neuroscience Research Australia , Sydney , Australia
| | - Jason Bruggemann
- a School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales , Sydney , Australia.,d Neuroscience Research Australia , Sydney , Australia
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15
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Kelly S, Jahanshad N, Zalesky A, Kochunov P, Agartz I, Alloza C, Andreassen OA, Arango C, Banaj N, Bouix S, Bousman CA, Brouwer RM, Bruggemann J, Bustillo J, Cahn W, Calhoun V, Cannon D, Carr V, Catts S, Chen J, Chen JX, Chen X, Chiapponi C, Cho KK, Ciullo V, Corvin AS, Crespo-Facorro B, Cropley V, De Rossi P, Diaz-Caneja CM, Dickie EW, Ehrlich S, Fan FM, Faskowitz J, Fatouros-Bergman H, Flyckt L, Ford JM, Fouche JP, Fukunaga M, Gill M, Glahn DC, Gollub R, Goudzwaard ED, Guo H, Gur RE, Gur RC, Gurholt TP, Hashimoto R, Hatton SN, Henskens FA, Hibar DP, Hickie IB, Hong LE, Horacek J, Howells FM, Hulshoff Pol HE, Hyde CL, Isaev D, Jablensky A, Jansen PR, Janssen J, Jönsson EG, Jung LA, Kahn RS, Kikinis Z, Liu K, Klauser P, Knöchel C, Kubicki M, Lagopoulos J, Langen C, Lawrie S, Lenroot RK, Lim KO, Lopez-Jaramillo C, Lyall A, Magnotta V, Mandl RCW, Mathalon DH, McCarley RW, McCarthy-Jones S, McDonald C, McEwen S, McIntosh A, Melicher T, Mesholam-Gately RI, Michie PT, Mowry B, Mueller BA, Newell DT, O'Donnell P, Oertel-Knöchel V, Oestreich L, Paciga SA, Pantelis C, Pasternak O, Pearlson G, Pellicano GR, Pereira A, Pineda Zapata J, Piras F, Potkin SG, Preda A, Rasser PE, Roalf DR, Roiz R, Roos A, Rotenberg D, Satterthwaite TD, Savadjiev P, Schall U, Scott RJ, Seal ML, Seidman LJ, Shannon Weickert C, Whelan CD, Shenton ME, Kwon JS, Spalletta G, Spaniel F, Sprooten E, Stäblein M, Stein DJ, Sundram S, Tan Y, Tan S, Tang S, Temmingh HS, Westlye LT, Tønnesen S, Tordesillas-Gutierrez D, Doan NT, Vaidya J, van Haren NEM, Vargas CD, Vecchio D, Velakoulis D, Voineskos A, Voyvodic JQ, Wang Z, Wan P, Wei D, Weickert TW, Whalley H, White T, Whitford TJ, Wojcik JD, Xiang H, Xie Z, Yamamori H, Yang F, Yao N, Zhang G, Zhao J, van Erp TGM, Turner J, Thompson PM, Donohoe G. Widespread white matter microstructural differences in schizophrenia across 4322 individuals: results from the ENIGMA Schizophrenia DTI Working Group. Mol Psychiatry 2018; 23:1261-1269. [PMID: 29038599 PMCID: PMC5984078 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2017.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 412] [Impact Index Per Article: 68.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Revised: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The regional distribution of white matter (WM) abnormalities in schizophrenia remains poorly understood, and reported disease effects on the brain vary widely between studies. In an effort to identify commonalities across studies, we perform what we believe is the first ever large-scale coordinated study of WM microstructural differences in schizophrenia. Our analysis consisted of 2359 healthy controls and 1963 schizophrenia patients from 29 independent international studies; we harmonized the processing and statistical analyses of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data across sites and meta-analyzed effects across studies. Significant reductions in fractional anisotropy (FA) in schizophrenia patients were widespread, and detected in 20 of 25 regions of interest within a WM skeleton representing all major WM fasciculi. Effect sizes varied by region, peaking at (d=0.42) for the entire WM skeleton, driven more by peripheral areas as opposed to the core WM where regions of interest were defined. The anterior corona radiata (d=0.40) and corpus callosum (d=0.39), specifically its body (d=0.39) and genu (d=0.37), showed greatest effects. Significant decreases, to lesser degrees, were observed in almost all regions analyzed. Larger effect sizes were observed for FA than diffusivity measures; significantly higher mean and radial diffusivity was observed for schizophrenia patients compared with controls. No significant effects of age at onset of schizophrenia or medication dosage were detected. As the largest coordinated analysis of WM differences in a psychiatric disorder to date, the present study provides a robust profile of widespread WM abnormalities in schizophrenia patients worldwide. Interactive three-dimensional visualization of the results is available at www.enigma-viewer.org.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kelly
- Imaging Genetics Center, Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Imaging Genetics Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA 90292, USA. E-mail:
| | - N Jahanshad
- Imaging Genetics Center, Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
| | - A Zalesky
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Carlton South, VIC, Australia
| | - P Kochunov
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - I Agartz
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden,Department of Psychiatric Research, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - C Alloza
- University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - C Arango
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, IiSGM, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - N Banaj
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - S Bouix
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - C A Bousman
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Carlton South, VIC, Australia,Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia,Department of General Practice, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia,Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - R M Brouwer
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - J Bruggemann
- Neuroscience Research Australia and School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - J Bustillo
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - W Cahn
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - V Calhoun
- The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA,The Mind Research Network, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - D Cannon
- Centre for Neuroimaging and Cognitive Genomics (NICOG), Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - V Carr
- Neuroscience Research Australia and School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - S Catts
- Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - J Chen
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - J-x Chen
- Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - X Chen
- Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Kl K Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - V Ciullo
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - A S Corvin
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychiatric Genetics Research Group, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - B Crespo-Facorro
- University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla, IDIVAL, Department of Medicine and Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain,CIBERSAM, Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red Salud Mental, Santander, Spain
| | - V Cropley
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Carlton South, VIC, Australia
| | - P De Rossi
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy,Department NESMOS, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University ‘Sapienza’ of Rome, Rome, Italy,Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - C M Diaz-Caneja
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, IiSGM, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - E W Dickie
- Center for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - S Ehrlich
- Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neurosciences, Technische Universität Dresden, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital C.G. Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - F-m Fan
- Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - J Faskowitz
- Imaging Genetics Center, Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
| | - H Fatouros-Bergman
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - L Flyckt
- University of New South Wales, School of Psychiatry, Sydney, NSW, Australia,The University of Queensland, Queensland Brain Institute and Centre for Advanced Imaging, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - J M Ford
- University of California, VAMC, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - J-P Fouche
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - M Fukunaga
- Division of Cerebral Integration, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Aichi, Japan
| | - M Gill
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychiatric Genetics Research Group, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - D C Glahn
- Olin Neuropsychiatric Research Center, Institute of Living, Hartford Hospital and Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - R Gollub
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Departments of Psychiatry and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - E D Goudzwaard
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - H Guo
- Zhumadian Psychiatry Hospital, Henan Province, China
| | - R E Gur
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - R C Gur
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - T P Gurholt
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - R Hashimoto
- Molecular Research Center for Children's Mental Development, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan,Department of Psychiatry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - S N Hatton
- Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - F A Henskens
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia,Health Behaviour Research Group, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia,Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - D P Hibar
- Imaging Genetics Center, Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
| | - I B Hickie
- Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - L E Hong
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - J Horacek
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic,Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - F M Howells
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - H E Hulshoff Pol
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - C L Hyde
- Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - D Isaev
- Imaging Genetics Center, Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
| | - A Jablensky
- University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - P R Jansen
- Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J Janssen
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, IiSGM, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain,Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - E G Jönsson
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - L A Jung
- Laboratory for Neuroimaging, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - R S Kahn
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Z Kikinis
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - K Liu
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Carlton South, VIC, Australia
| | - P Klauser
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Carlton South, VIC, Australia,Brain and Mental Health Laboratory, Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Psychological Sciences and Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia,Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - C Knöchel
- Laboratory for Neuroimaging, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - M Kubicki
- Departments of Psychiatry and Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - J Lagopoulos
- Sunshine Coast Mind and Neuroscience Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast QLD, Australia, Brain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - C Langen
- Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - S Lawrie
- University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - R K Lenroot
- Neuroscience Research Australia and School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - K O Lim
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - C Lopez-Jaramillo
- Research Group in Psychiatry (GIPSI), Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Antioquia, Mood Disorder Program, Hospital Universitario San Vicente Fundación, Medellín, Colombia
| | - A Lyall
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - R C W Mandl
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - D H Mathalon
- University of California, VAMC, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - S McCarthy-Jones
- Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - C McDonald
- Centre for Neuroimaging and Cognitive Genomics (NICOG), Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - S McEwen
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - T Melicher
- Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic,The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - R I Mesholam-Gately
- Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts Mental Health Center Public Psychiatry Division of the Beth Israel Deaconess, Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - P T Michie
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia,The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia,Schizophrenia Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - B Mowry
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia and Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, Brisbane and Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - B A Mueller
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - D T Newell
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - P O'Donnell
- Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - V Oertel-Knöchel
- Laboratory for Neuroimaging, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - L Oestreich
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia and Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, Brisbane and Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - S A Paciga
- Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - C Pantelis
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Carlton South, VIC, Australia,Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia,Schizophrenia Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia,Centre for Neural Engineering (CfNE), Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - O Pasternak
- Departments of Psychiatry and Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - G Pearlson
- Olin Neuropsychiatric Research Center, Institute of Living, Hartford Hospital and Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - G R Pellicano
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - A Pereira
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | | | - F Piras
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy,School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, the University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - S G Potkin
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - A Preda
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - P E Rasser
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia,Priority Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - D R Roalf
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - R Roiz
- University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla, IDIVAL, Department of Medicine and Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain,CIBERSAM, Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red Salud Mental, Santander, Spain
| | - A Roos
- SU/UCT MRC Unit on Anxiety and Stress Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - D Rotenberg
- Center for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - T D Satterthwaite
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - P Savadjiev
- Departments of Psychiatry and Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - U Schall
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia,Priority Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - R J Scott
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia,School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, the University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - M L Seal
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, The Royal Children’s Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - L J Seidman
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts Mental Health Center Public Psychiatry Division of the Beth Israel Deaconess, Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - C Shannon Weickert
- Schizophrenia Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia,Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia,School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - C D Whelan
- Imaging Genetics Center, Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
| | - M E Shenton
- Departments of Psychiatry and Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
| | - J S Kwon
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - G Spalletta
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy,Division of Neuropsychiatry, Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - F Spaniel
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic,Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - E Sprooten
- Olin Neuropsychiatric Research Center, Institute of Living, Hartford Hospital and Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - M Stäblein
- Laboratory for Neuroimaging, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - D J Stein
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa,Department of Psychiatry and MRC Unit on Anxiety and Stress Disorders, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - S Sundram
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia,Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University and Monash Health, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Y Tan
- Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - S Tan
- Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - S Tang
- Chongqing Three Gorges Central Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - H S Temmingh
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - L T Westlye
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway,Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - S Tønnesen
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - D Tordesillas-Gutierrez
- CIBERSAM, Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red Salud Mental, Santander, Spain,Neuroimaging Unit, Technological Facilities, Valdecilla Biomedical Research Institute IDIVAL, Santander, Spain
| | - N T Doan
- NORMENT, KG Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - J Vaidya
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - N E M van Haren
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - C D Vargas
- Research Group in Psychiatry (GIPSI), Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - D Vecchio
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - D Velakoulis
- Neuropsychiatry Unit, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - A Voineskos
- Kimel Family Translational Imaging-Genetics Research Laboratory, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, CAMH Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - J Q Voyvodic
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Z Wang
- Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - P Wan
- Zhumadian Psychiatry Hospital, Henan Province, China
| | - D Wei
- Luoyang Fifth People's Hospital, Henan Province, China
| | - T W Weickert
- Schizophrenia Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia,Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia,School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - H Whalley
- University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - T White
- Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - T J Whitford
- University of New South Wales, School of Psychiatry, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - J D Wojcik
- Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts Mental Health Center Public Psychiatry Division of the Beth Israel Deaconess, Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - H Xiang
- Chongqing Three Gorges Central Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Z Xie
- Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - H Yamamori
- Department of Psychiatry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - F Yang
- Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - N Yao
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - G Zhang
- Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - J Zhao
- Centre for Neuroimaging and Cognitive Genomics (NICOG), Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland,School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University and Key Laboratory for Behavior and Cognitive Neuroscience of Shaanxi Province, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - T G M van Erp
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - J Turner
- Psychology Department & Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - P M Thompson
- Imaging Genetics Center, Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
| | - G Donohoe
- Centre for Neuroimaging and Cognitive Genomics (NICOG), Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
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Van Rheenen TE, Cropley V, Zalesky A, Bousman C, Wells R, Bruggemann J, Sundram S, Weinberg D, Lenroot RK, Pereira A, Shannon Weickert C, Weickert TW, Pantelis C. Widespread Volumetric Reductions in Schizophrenia and Schizoaffective Patients Displaying Compromised Cognitive Abilities. Schizophr Bull 2018; 44:560-574. [PMID: 28981831 PMCID: PMC5890481 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbx109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Progress toward understanding brain mechanisms in psychosis is hampered by failures to account for within-group heterogeneity that exists across neuropsychological domains. We recently identified distinct cognitive subgroups that might assist in identifying more biologically meaningful subtypes of psychosis. In the present study, we examined whether underlying structural brain abnormalities differentiate these cognitively derived subgroups. METHOD 1.5T T1 weighted structural scans were acquired for 168 healthy controls and 220 patients with schizophrenia/schizoaffective disorder. Based on previous work, 47 patients were categorized as being cognitively compromised (impaired premorbid and current IQ), 100 as cognitively deteriorated (normal premorbid IQ, impaired current IQ), and 73 as putatively cognitively preserved (premorbid and current IQ within 1 SD of controls). Global, subcortical and cortical volume, thickness, and surface area measures were compared among groups. RESULTS Whole cortex, subcortical, and regional volume and thickness reductions were evident in all subgroups compared to controls, with the largest effect sizes in the compromised group. This subgroup also showed abnormalities in regions not seen in the other patient groups, including smaller left superior and middle frontal areas, left anterior and inferior temporal areas and right lateral medial and inferior frontal, occipital lobe and superior temporal areas. CONCLUSIONS This pattern of more prominent brain structural abnormalities in the group with the most marked cognitive impairments-both currently and putatively prior to illness onset, is consistent with the concept of schizophrenia as a progressive neurodevelopmental disorder. In this group, neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative factors may be important for cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamsyn E Van Rheenen
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia,Centre for Mental Health, Faculty of Health, Arts and Design, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University, Melbourne, Australia,Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Laboratory, Monash Alfred Psychiatry Research Centre (MAPrc), The Alfred Hospital and Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia,To whom correspondence should be addressed; Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Level 3, Alan Gilbert Building, 161 Barry Street, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia; tel: +61-03-9035 8628, e-mail:
| | - Vanessa Cropley
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia,Centre for Mental Health, Faculty of Health, Arts and Design, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Andrew Zalesky
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia,Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Chad Bousman
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ruth Wells
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia,Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jason Bruggemann
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia,Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia
| | - Suresh Sundram
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Australia,Mental Health Program, Monash Health, Clayton, Australia,Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Danielle Weinberg
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia,Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia
| | - Roshel K Lenroot
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia,Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia,Schizophrenia Research Institute, Sydney, Australia
| | - Avril Pereira
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia,Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Australia
| | - Cynthia Shannon Weickert
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia,School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia,Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia,Schizophrenia Research Institute, Sydney, Australia
| | - Thomas W Weickert
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia,School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia,Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia,Schizophrenia Research Institute, Sydney, Australia
| | - Christos Pantelis
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia,Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia,Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Australia
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17
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Bousman CA, Cropley V, Klauser P, Hess JL, Pereira A, Idrizi R, Bruggemann J, Mostaid MS, Lenroot R, Weickert TW, Glatt SJ, Everall IP, Sundram S, Zalesky A, Weickert CS, Pantelis C. Neuregulin-1 (NRG1) polymorphisms linked with psychosis transition are associated with enlarged lateral ventricles and white matter disruption in schizophrenia. Psychol Med 2018; 48:801-809. [PMID: 28826413 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291717002173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Two single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs4281084 and rs12155594) within the neuregulin-1 (NRG1) gene have been associated with psychosis transition. However, the neurobiological changes associated with these SNPs remain unclear. We aimed to determine what relationship these two SNPs have on lateral ventricular volume and white matter integrity, as abnormalities in these brain structures are some of the most consistent in schizophrenia. METHODS Structural (n = 370) and diffusion (n = 465) magnetic resonance imaging data were obtained from affected and unaffected individuals predominantly of European descent. The SNPs rs4281084, rs12155594, and their combined allelic load were examined for their effects on lateral ventricular volume, fractional anisotropy (FA) as well as axial (AD) and radial (RD) diffusivity. Additional exploratory analyses assessed NRG1 effects on gray matter volume, cortical thickness, and surface area throughout the brain. RESULTS Individuals with a schizophrenia age of onset ⩽25 and a combined allelic load ⩾3 NRG1 risk alleles had significantly larger right (up to 50%, p adj = 0.01) and left (up to 45%, p adj = 0.05) lateral ventricle volumes compared with those with allelic loads of less than three. Furthermore, carriers of three or more risk alleles, regardless of age of onset and case status, had significantly reduced FA and elevated RD but stable AD in the frontal cortex compared with those carrying fewer than three risk alleles. CONCLUSIONS Our findings build on a growing body of research supporting the functional importance of genetic variation within the NRG1 gene and complement previous findings implicating the rs4281084 and rs12155594 SNPs as markers for psychosis transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Bousman
- Department of Psychiatry,Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health,Carlton South, VIC,Australia
| | - V Cropley
- Department of Psychiatry,Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health,Carlton South, VIC,Australia
| | - P Klauser
- Department of Psychiatry,Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health,Carlton South, VIC,Australia
| | - J L Hess
- Psychiatric Genetic Epidemiology & Neurobiology Laboratory (PsychGENe Lab), Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Neuroscience and Physiology,SUNY Upstate Medical University,Syracuse, New York
| | - A Pereira
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne,Parkville, VIC,Australia
| | - R Idrizi
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne,Parkville, VIC,Australia
| | - J Bruggemann
- Schizophrenia Research Institute,Sydney,Australia
| | - M S Mostaid
- Department of Psychiatry,Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health,Carlton South, VIC,Australia
| | - R Lenroot
- Schizophrenia Research Institute,Sydney,Australia
| | - T W Weickert
- Schizophrenia Research Institute,Sydney,Australia
| | - S J Glatt
- Psychiatric Genetic Epidemiology & Neurobiology Laboratory (PsychGENe Lab), Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Neuroscience and Physiology,SUNY Upstate Medical University,Syracuse, New York
| | - I P Everall
- Department of Psychiatry,Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health,Carlton South, VIC,Australia
| | - S Sundram
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne,Parkville, VIC,Australia
| | - A Zalesky
- Department of Psychiatry,Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health,Carlton South, VIC,Australia
| | - C S Weickert
- Schizophrenia Research Institute,Sydney,Australia
| | - C Pantelis
- Department of Psychiatry,Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health,Carlton South, VIC,Australia
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18
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Cropley VL, Klauser P, Lenroot RK, Bruggemann J, Sundram S, Bousman C, Pereira A, Di Biase MA, Weickert TW, Weickert CS, Pantelis C, Zalesky A. Accelerated Gray and White Matter Deterioration With Age in Schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry 2017; 174:286-295. [PMID: 27919183 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2016.16050610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although brain changes in schizophrenia have been proposed to mirror those found with advancing age, the trajectory of gray matter and white matter changes during the disease course remains unclear. The authors sought to measure whether these changes in individuals with schizophrenia remain stable, are accelerated, or are diminished with age. METHOD Gray matter volume and fractional anisotropy were mapped in 326 individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder and in 197 healthy comparison subjects aged 20-65 years. Polynomial regression was used to model the influence of age on gray matter volume and fractional anisotropy at a whole-brain and voxel level. Between-group differences in gray matter volume and fractional anisotropy were regionally localized across the lifespan using permutation testing and cluster-based inference. RESULTS Significant loss of gray matter volume was evident in schizophrenia, progressively worsening with age to a maximal loss of 8% in the seventh decade of life. The inferred rate of gray matter volume loss was significantly accelerated in schizophrenia up to middle age and plateaued thereafter. In contrast, significant reductions in fractional anisotropy emerged in schizophrenia only after age 35, and the rate of fractional anisotropy deterioration with age was constant and best modeled with a straight line. The slope of this line was 60% steeper in schizophrenia relative to comparison subjects, indicating a significantly faster rate of white matter deterioration with age. The rates of reduction of gray matter volume and fractional anisotropy were significantly faster in males than in females, but an interaction between sex and diagnosis was not evident. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that schizophrenia is characterized by an initial, rapid rate of gray matter loss that slows in middle life, followed by the emergence of a deficit in white matter that progressively worsens with age at a constant rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa L Cropley
- From the Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, and the Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Melbourne, and Melbourne Health, Melbourne; the Brain and Mental Health Laboratory, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash Biomedical Imaging, and the Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Australia; the Schizophrenia Research Institute and Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Australia; the Molecular Psychopharmacology Laboratory, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Australia; the Faculty of Health, Arts, and Design, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Australia; and the School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia
| | - Paul Klauser
- From the Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, and the Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Melbourne, and Melbourne Health, Melbourne; the Brain and Mental Health Laboratory, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash Biomedical Imaging, and the Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Australia; the Schizophrenia Research Institute and Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Australia; the Molecular Psychopharmacology Laboratory, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Australia; the Faculty of Health, Arts, and Design, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Australia; and the School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia
| | - Rhoshel K Lenroot
- From the Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, and the Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Melbourne, and Melbourne Health, Melbourne; the Brain and Mental Health Laboratory, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash Biomedical Imaging, and the Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Australia; the Schizophrenia Research Institute and Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Australia; the Molecular Psychopharmacology Laboratory, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Australia; the Faculty of Health, Arts, and Design, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Australia; and the School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia
| | - Jason Bruggemann
- From the Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, and the Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Melbourne, and Melbourne Health, Melbourne; the Brain and Mental Health Laboratory, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash Biomedical Imaging, and the Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Australia; the Schizophrenia Research Institute and Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Australia; the Molecular Psychopharmacology Laboratory, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Australia; the Faculty of Health, Arts, and Design, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Australia; and the School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia
| | - Suresh Sundram
- From the Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, and the Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Melbourne, and Melbourne Health, Melbourne; the Brain and Mental Health Laboratory, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash Biomedical Imaging, and the Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Australia; the Schizophrenia Research Institute and Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Australia; the Molecular Psychopharmacology Laboratory, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Australia; the Faculty of Health, Arts, and Design, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Australia; and the School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia
| | - Chad Bousman
- From the Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, and the Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Melbourne, and Melbourne Health, Melbourne; the Brain and Mental Health Laboratory, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash Biomedical Imaging, and the Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Australia; the Schizophrenia Research Institute and Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Australia; the Molecular Psychopharmacology Laboratory, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Australia; the Faculty of Health, Arts, and Design, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Australia; and the School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia
| | - Avril Pereira
- From the Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, and the Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Melbourne, and Melbourne Health, Melbourne; the Brain and Mental Health Laboratory, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash Biomedical Imaging, and the Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Australia; the Schizophrenia Research Institute and Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Australia; the Molecular Psychopharmacology Laboratory, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Australia; the Faculty of Health, Arts, and Design, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Australia; and the School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia
| | - Maria A Di Biase
- From the Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, and the Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Melbourne, and Melbourne Health, Melbourne; the Brain and Mental Health Laboratory, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash Biomedical Imaging, and the Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Australia; the Schizophrenia Research Institute and Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Australia; the Molecular Psychopharmacology Laboratory, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Australia; the Faculty of Health, Arts, and Design, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Australia; and the School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia
| | - Thomas W Weickert
- From the Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, and the Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Melbourne, and Melbourne Health, Melbourne; the Brain and Mental Health Laboratory, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash Biomedical Imaging, and the Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Australia; the Schizophrenia Research Institute and Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Australia; the Molecular Psychopharmacology Laboratory, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Australia; the Faculty of Health, Arts, and Design, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Australia; and the School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia
| | - Cynthia Shannon Weickert
- From the Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, and the Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Melbourne, and Melbourne Health, Melbourne; the Brain and Mental Health Laboratory, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash Biomedical Imaging, and the Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Australia; the Schizophrenia Research Institute and Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Australia; the Molecular Psychopharmacology Laboratory, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Australia; the Faculty of Health, Arts, and Design, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Australia; and the School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia
| | - Christos Pantelis
- From the Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, and the Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Melbourne, and Melbourne Health, Melbourne; the Brain and Mental Health Laboratory, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash Biomedical Imaging, and the Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Australia; the Schizophrenia Research Institute and Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Australia; the Molecular Psychopharmacology Laboratory, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Australia; the Faculty of Health, Arts, and Design, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Australia; and the School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia
| | - Andrew Zalesky
- From the Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, and the Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Melbourne, and Melbourne Health, Melbourne; the Brain and Mental Health Laboratory, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash Biomedical Imaging, and the Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Australia; the Schizophrenia Research Institute and Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Australia; the Molecular Psychopharmacology Laboratory, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Australia; the Faculty of Health, Arts, and Design, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Australia; and the School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia
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Weinberg D, Lenroot R, Jacomb I, Allen K, Bruggemann J, Wells R, Balzan R, Liu D, Galletly C, Catts SV, Weickert CS, Weickert TW. Cognitive Subtypes of Schizophrenia Characterized by Differential Brain Volumetric Reductions and Cognitive Decline. JAMA Psychiatry 2016; 73:1251-1259. [PMID: 27829096 DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2016.2925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Cognitively distinct subgroups of schizophrenia have been defined based on premorbid and current IQ, but little is known about the neuroanatomical differences among these cognitive subgroups. OBJECTIVES To confirm previous findings related to IQ-based subgroups of patients with schizophrenia in an independent sample and extend those findings to determine the extent to which brain volumetric differences correspond to the IQ-based subgroups. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS A total of 183 participants were assessed at the outpatient settings of Neuroscience Research Australia and Lyell McEwin Hospital from September 22, 2009, to August 1, 2012. Patients were classified using cluster analysis on the basis of current and premorbid IQ differences. Regional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain volumes were compared among the IQ-based subgroups using analysis of covariance with intracranial volume and age as covariates. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, third edition, scores; Wechsler Test of Adult Reading scores; Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale scores; and MRI brain volumes. RESULTS Ninety-six outpatients (mean [SD] age, 35.7 [8.4] years; age range, 18-51 years; 59 men) with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder and 87 healthy controls (mean [SD] age, 31.9 [8.4] years; age range, 20-50 years; 46 men) were studied. Sixty-two patients and 67 healthy controls underwent structural MRI of the brain. Cluster analyses revealed 25 putatively preserved patients (26%), 33 moderately deteriorated patients (34%), 27 severely deteriorated patients (28%), and 11 compromised patients (12%). Negative symptom scores were significantly worse in the severely deteriorated group relative to the putatively preserved group (F2,82 = 13.8, P < .001, effect size [ES] = 1.40). Patient subgroups analyzed revealed significantly reduced inferior parietal volume relative to controls (F3,113 = 9.7, P < .001, ES = 0.85-1.24). The severely deteriorated group had significantly reduced total hippocampal (mean [SEM], 8309.6 [175.0] vs 9024.0 [145.5]; P = .01), lingual gyrus (mean [SEM], 11 996.0 [531.5] vs 13 838.1 [441.9]; P = .05), and superior temporal sulcus (mean [SEM], 4697.8 [192.0] vs 5446.0 [159.6]; P = .05) gray matter volumes relative to the putatively preserved group (ES = 0.91-1.10). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Using an independent sample, we obtained proportions in each IQ-based subgroup that were similar to our previous work. Inferior parietal volume reduction was characteristic of schizophrenia relative to controls, and the severely deteriorated IQ group had widespread volumetric reductions. Classifying cognitive heterogeneity in schizophrenia provides a platform to better characterize the neurobiological underpinnings of the illness and its treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Weinberg
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rhoshel Lenroot
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia2School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia3Schizophrenia Research Institute, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Isabella Jacomb
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Katherine Allen
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia2School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia3Schizophrenia Research Institute, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jason Bruggemann
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia2School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ruth Wells
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia2School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ryan Balzan
- Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia5School of Psychology, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Dennis Liu
- Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia6Adult Mental Health Services, Northern Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Cherrie Galletly
- Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia6Adult Mental Health Services, Northern Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Stanley V Catts
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia7School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Cynthia Shannon Weickert
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia2School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia3Schizophrenia Research Institute, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Thomas W Weickert
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia2School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia3Schizophrenia Research Institute, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
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20
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Broyd SJ, Michie PT, Bruggemann J, van Hell HH, Greenwood LM, Croft RJ, Todd J, Lenroot R, Solowij N. Schizotypy and auditory mismatch negativity in a non-clinical sample of young adults. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2016; 254:83-91. [PMID: 27388803 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2016.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Revised: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia may be conceptualised using a dimensional approach to examine trait-like expression such as schizotypy within non-clinical populations to better understand pathophysiology. A candidate psychosis-risk marker, the auditory mismatch negativity (MMN) is thought to index the functionality of glutamatergic NMDA receptor mediated neurotransmission. Although the MMN is robustly reduced in patients with schizophrenia, the association between MMN and schizotypy in the general population is under-investigated. Thirty-five healthy participants completed the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ) and a multi-feature MMN paradigm (standards 82%, 50ms, 1000Hz, 80dB) with duration (100ms), frequency (1200Hz) and intensity (90dB) deviants (6% each). Spearman's correlations were used to explore the association between schizotypal personality traits and MMN amplitude. Few associations were identified between schizotypal traits and MMN. Higher Suspiciousness subscale scores tended to be correlated with larger frequency MMN amplitude. A median-split comparison of the sample on Suspiciousness scores showed larger MMN (irrespective of deviant condition) in the High compared to the Low Suspiciousness group. The trend-level association between MMN and Suspiciousness is in contrast to the robustly attenuated MMN amplitude observed in schizophrenia. Reductions in MMN may reflect a schizophrenia-disease state, whereas non-clinical schizotypy may not be subserved by similar neuropathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha J Broyd
- School of Psychology, Centre for Health Initiatives and Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.
| | - Patricia T Michie
- School of Psychology and Priority Research Centre for Translational Neuroscience and Mental Health University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Jason Bruggemann
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales and Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia
| | - Hendrika H van Hell
- School of Psychology, Centre for Health Initiatives and Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Lisa-Marie Greenwood
- School of Psychology, Centre for Health Initiatives and Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Rodney J Croft
- School of Psychology, Centre for Health Initiatives and Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Juanita Todd
- School of Psychology and Priority Research Centre for Translational Neuroscience and Mental Health University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Rhoshel Lenroot
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales and Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, Australia
| | - Nadia Solowij
- School of Psychology, Centre for Health Initiatives and Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
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Wells R, Swaminathan V, Sundram S, Weinberg D, Bruggemann J, Jacomb I, Cropley V, Lenroot R, Pereira AM, Zalesky A, Bousman C, Pantelis C, Weickert CS, Weickert TW. The impact of premorbid and current intellect in schizophrenia: cognitive, symptom, and functional outcomes. NPJ Schizophr 2015; 1:15043. [PMID: 27336046 PMCID: PMC4849463 DOI: 10.1038/npjschz.2015.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2015] [Revised: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive heterogeneity among people with schizophrenia has been defined on the basis of premorbid and current intelligence quotient (IQ) estimates. In a relatively large, community cohort, we aimed to independently replicate and extend cognitive subtyping work by determining the extent of symptom severity and functional deficits in each group. METHODS A total of 635 healthy controls and 534 patients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder were recruited through the Australian Schizophrenia Research Bank. Patients were classified into cognitive subgroups on the basis of the Wechsler Test of Adult Reading (a premorbid IQ estimate) and current overall cognitive abilities into preserved, deteriorated, and compromised groups using both clinical and empirical (k-means clustering) methods. Additional cognitive, functional, and symptom outcomes were compared among the resulting groups. RESULTS A total of 157 patients (29%) classified as 'preserved' performed within one s.d. of control means in all cognitive domains. Patients classified as 'deteriorated' (n=239, 44%) performed more than one s.d. below control means in all cognitive domains except estimated premorbid IQ and current visuospatial abilities. A separate 138 patients (26%), classified as 'compromised,' performed more than one s.d. below control means in all cognitive domains and displayed greater impairment than other groups on symptom and functional measures. CONCLUSIONS In the present study, we independently replicated our previous cognitive classifications of people with schizophrenia. In addition, we extended previous work by demonstrating worse functional outcomes and symptom severity in the compromised group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Wells
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Vaidy Swaminathan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Northern Psychiatry Research Centre, North Western Mental Health, Melbourne Health, Victoria, Australia
- Schizophrenia Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Molecular Psychopharmacology Laboratory, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Suresh Sundram
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Northern Psychiatry Research Centre, North Western Mental Health, Melbourne Health, Victoria, Australia
- Molecular Psychopharmacology Laboratory, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Danielle Weinberg
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jason Bruggemann
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Isabella Jacomb
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Vanessa Cropley
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Rhoshel Lenroot
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Schizophrenia Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Avril M Pereira
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Molecular Psychopharmacology Laboratory, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew Zalesky
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Chad Bousman
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Christos Pantelis
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Schizophrenia Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Cynthia Shannon Weickert
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Schizophrenia Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Thomas W Weickert
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Schizophrenia Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Bruggemann J, Giesecke D, Lawlor MJ. über die Produktion flüchtiger Fettsauren im Pansen von Schafen bei Verabrcichung einer halbgereinigten Diät. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0396.1966.tb00091.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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El-Arab AE, Bruggemann J. Selenium composition of cereal-containing infant formulas: assessment of dietary intake status. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2003; 54:175-80. [PMID: 12775366 DOI: 10.1080/0963748031000136315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The selenium (Se) content of 11 infant formulas had been determined using electrothermal and hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry. The Se content ranged between 0.43 and 17.17 microg/100 g powder infant formulas with wide variations reaching 40.36-fold excess between the poorest RIRI-1 (0.43 microg/100 g) and Milupa-2 (17.2 microg/100 g powder). After reconstituting with water, the adequacies of the 11 studied infant formulas were evaluated with respect to Se supply. Based on the daily adequate intakes (AIs) of 15 and 20 microg Se for children 4-6 and 7-12 months old, respectively, four analyzed infant formulas were found to contain adequate Se content (>75% of the AIs), whereas the other seven formulas could satisfy 63% or less. In conclusion, the national regulation for the trace element (Se) contents in the infant formulas is highly warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aly Ezz El-Arab
- Department of Human Nutrition, National Research Center, Giza, Dokki 12311, Egypt
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Bruggemann J, Giesecke D, Walser-Karst K. Methods for Studying Microbial Digestion in Ruminants Post Mortem with Special Reference to Wild Species. J Wildl Manage 1968. [DOI: 10.2307/3798260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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