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Tamura T, Ito H, Torii S, Wang L, Suzuki R, Tsujino S, Kamiyama A, Oda Y, Tsuda M, Morioka Y, Suzuki S, Shirakawa K, Sato K, Yoshimatsu K, Matsuura Y, Iwano S, Tanaka S, Fukuhara T. Akaluc bioluminescence offers superior sensitivity to track in vivo dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 infection. iScience 2024; 27:109647. [PMID: 38638572 PMCID: PMC11025001 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Monitoring in vivo viral dynamics can improve our understanding of pathogenicity and tissue tropism. Because the gene size of RNA viruses is typically small, NanoLuc is the primary choice for accommodation within viral genome. However, NanoLuc/Furimazine and also the conventional firefly luciferase/D-luciferin are known to exhibit relatively low tissue permeability and thus less sensitivity for visualization of deep tissue including lungs. Here, we demonstrated in vivo sufficient visualization of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection using the pair of a codon-optimized Akaluc and AkaLumine. We engineered the codon-optimized Akaluc gene possessing the similar GC ratio of SARS-CoV-2. Using the SARS-CoV-2 recombinants carrying the codon-optimized Akaluc, we visualized in vivo infection of respiratory organs, including the tissue-specific differences associated with particular variants. Additionally, we could evaluate the efficacy of antivirals by monitoring changes in Akaluc signals. Overall, we offer an effective technology for monitoring viral dynamics in live animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomokazu Tamura
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8638, Japan
- Institute for Vaccine Research and Development (IVReD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0021, Japan
- One Health Research Center, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - Hayato Ito
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8638, Japan
| | - Shiho Torii
- Laboratory of Virus Control, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Cancer Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8638, Japan
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0021, Japan
| | - Rigel Suzuki
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8638, Japan
- Institute for Vaccine Research and Development (IVReD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0021, Japan
| | - Shuhei Tsujino
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8638, Japan
| | - Akifumi Kamiyama
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8638, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Oda
- Department of Cancer Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8638, Japan
| | - Masumi Tsuda
- Department of Cancer Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8638, Japan
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0021, Japan
| | - Yuhei Morioka
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8638, Japan
- Laboratory of Virus Control, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Saori Suzuki
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8638, Japan
- Institute for Vaccine Research and Development (IVReD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0021, Japan
| | - Kotaro Shirakawa
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Kei Sato
- Division of Systems Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
- Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-0882, Japan
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
- International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
- International Vaccine Design Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
- Collaboration Unit for Infection, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Kumiko Yoshimatsu
- Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0815, Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Matsuura
- Laboratory of Virus Control, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Laboratory of Virus Control, Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Satoshi Iwano
- Institute for Tenure Track Promotion, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
| | - Shinya Tanaka
- Department of Cancer Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8638, Japan
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0021, Japan
| | - Takasuke Fukuhara
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8638, Japan
- Institute for Vaccine Research and Development (IVReD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0021, Japan
- One Health Research Center, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
- Laboratory of Virus Control, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- AMED-CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED), Tokyo, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan
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2
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Futatsusako H, Hashimoto R, Yamamoto M, Ito J, Matsumura Y, Yoshifuji H, Shirakawa K, Takaori-Kondo A, Sato K, Nagao M, Takayama K. Longitudinal analysis of genomic mutations in SARS-CoV-2 isolates from persistent COVID-19 patient. iScience 2024; 27:109597. [PMID: 38638575 PMCID: PMC11024907 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
A primary reason for the ongoing spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the continuous acquisition of mutations by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). However, the mechanism of acquiring mutations is not fully understood. In this study, we isolated SARS-CoV-2 from an immunocompromized patient persistently infected with Omicron strain BF.5 for approximately 4 months to analyze its genome and evaluate drug resistance. Although the patient was administered the antiviral drug remdesivir (RDV), there were no acquired mutations in RDV binding site, and all isolates exhibited susceptibility to RDV. Notably, upon analyzing the S protein sequence of the day 119 isolate, we identified mutations acquired by mutant strains emerging from the BF.5 variant, suggesting that viral genome analysis in persistent COVID-19 patients may be useful in predicting viral evolution. These results suggest mutations in SARS-CoV-2 are acquired during long-term viral replication rather than in response to antiviral drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Futatsusako
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto 6068507, Japan
| | - Rina Hashimoto
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto 6068507, Japan
| | - Masaki Yamamoto
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 6068507, Japan
| | - Jumpei Ito
- Division of Systems Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 1088639, Japan
- Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 1138654, Japan
- International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 1088639, Japan
| | - Yasufumi Matsumura
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 6068507, Japan
| | - Hajime Yoshifuji
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 6068507, Japan
| | - Kotaro Shirakawa
- Department of Hematology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 6068507, Japan
| | - Akifumi Takaori-Kondo
- Department of Hematology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 6068507, Japan
| | - The Genotype to Phenotype Japan (G2P-Japan) Consortium
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto 6068507, Japan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 6068507, Japan
- Division of Systems Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 1088639, Japan
- Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 1138654, Japan
- International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 1088639, Japan
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 6068507, Japan
- Department of Hematology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 6068507, Japan
- International Vaccine Design Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 1088639, Japan
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 2770882, Japan
- Collaboration Unit for Infection, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 8600811, Japan
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi 3320012, Japan
- AMED-CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED), Tokyo 1000004, Japan
| | - Kei Sato
- Division of Systems Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 1088639, Japan
- Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 1138654, Japan
- International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 1088639, Japan
- International Vaccine Design Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 1088639, Japan
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 2770882, Japan
- Collaboration Unit for Infection, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 8600811, Japan
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi 3320012, Japan
| | - Miki Nagao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 6068507, Japan
| | - Kazuo Takayama
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto 6068507, Japan
- AMED-CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED), Tokyo 1000004, Japan
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3
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Kosugi Y, Kaku Y, Hinay AA, Guo Z, Uriu K, Kihara M, Saito F, Uwamino Y, Kuramochi J, Shirakawa K, Takaori-Kondo A, Sato K. Antiviral humoral immunity against SARS-CoV-2 omicron subvariants induced by XBB.1.5 monovalent vaccine in infection-naive and XBB-infected individuals. Lancet Infect Dis 2024; 24:e147-e148. [PMID: 38211599 DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(23)00784-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Kosugi
- Division of Systems Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yu Kaku
- Division of Systems Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Alfredo A Hinay
- Division of Systems Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ziyi Guo
- Division of Systems Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiya Uriu
- Division of Systems Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - Yoshifumi Uwamino
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jin Kuramochi
- Interpark Kuramochi Clinic, Utsunomiya, Japan; Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kotaro Shirakawa
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akifumi Takaori-Kondo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kei Sato
- Division of Systems Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; International Vaccine Design Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan; Collaboration Unit for Infection, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan; CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Japan.
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4
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Kimura I, Yamasoba D, Nasser H, Ito H, Zahradnik J, Wu J, Fujita S, Uriu K, Sasaki J, Tamura T, Suzuki R, Deguchi S, Plianchaisuk A, Yoshimatsu K, Kazuma Y, Mitoma S, Schreiber G, Asakura H, Nagashima M, Sadamasu K, Yoshimura K, Takaori-Kondo A, Ito J, Shirakawa K, Takayama K, Irie T, Hashiguchi T, Nakagawa S, Fukuhara T, Saito A, Ikeda T, Sato K. Multiple mutations of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2 variant orchestrate its virological characteristics. J Virol 2023; 97:e0101123. [PMID: 37796123 PMCID: PMC10781145 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01011-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Most studies investigating the characteristics of emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants have been focusing on mutations in the spike proteins that affect viral infectivity, fusogenicity, and pathogenicity. However, few studies have addressed how naturally occurring mutations in the non-spike regions of the SARS-CoV-2 genome impact virological properties. In this study, we proved that multiple SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2 mutations, one in the spike protein and another downstream of the spike gene, orchestrally characterize this variant, shedding light on the importance of Omicron BA.2 mutations out of the spike protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izumi Kimura
- Division of Systems Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daichi Yamasoba
- Division of Systems Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Faculty of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hesham Nasser
- Division of Molecular Virology and Genetics, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Hayato Ito
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Jiri Zahradnik
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- First Medical Faculty at Biocev, Charles University, Vestec-Prague, Czechia
| | - Jiaqi Wu
- Department of Molecular Life Science, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
| | - Shigeru Fujita
- Division of Systems Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiya Uriu
- Division of Systems Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jiei Sasaki
- Laboratory of Medical Virology, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomokazu Tamura
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- Institute for Vaccine Research and Development (HU-IVReD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Rigel Suzuki
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- Institute for Vaccine Research and Development (HU-IVReD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Sayaka Deguchi
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Arnon Plianchaisuk
- Division of Systems Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Yasuhiro Kazuma
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shuya Mitoma
- Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
- Graduate School of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Gideon Schreiber
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | | | - Mami Nagashima
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Sadamasu
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Akifumi Takaori-Kondo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - The Genotype to Phenotype Japan (G2P-Japan) Consortium
MisawaNaoko1KosugiYusuke1PanLin1SuganamiMai1ChibaMika1YoshimuraRyo1YasudaKyoko1IidaKeiko1OhsumiNaomi1StrangeAdam P.1KakuYu1PlianchaisukArnon1GuoZiyi1HinayAlfredo Jr. Amolong1Mendoza TolentinoJarel Elgin1ChenLuo1ShimizuRyo2Monira BegumM. S. T.2TakahashiOtowa2IchiharaKimiko2JonathanMichael2MugitaYuka2SuzukiSaori3SuzukiTateki4KimuraKanako4NakajimaYukari4YajimaHisano4HashimotoRina4WatanabeYukio4SakamotoAyaka4YasuharaNaoko4NagataKayoko4NomuraRyosuke4HorisawaYoshihito4TashiroYusuke4KawaiYugo4ShibataniYuki5NishiuchiTomoko5YoshidaIsao6KawabataRyoko7MatsunoKeita8NaoNaganori9SawaHirofumi9TanakaShinya10TsudaMasumi10WangLei10OdaYoshikata10FerdousZannatul10ShishidoKenji10MotozonoChihiro11ToyodaMako11UenoTakamasa11TabataKaori12Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, JapanJoint Research Center for Human Retrovirus infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, JapanHokkaido University, Sapporo, JapanKyoto University, Kyoto, JapanUniversity of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, JapanTokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health, Tokyo, JapanHiroshima University, Hiroshima, JapanOne Health Research Center, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, JapanInternational Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, JapanHokkaido University, Sapporo, JapanJoint Research Center for Human Retrovirus infection, Kumamoto, JapanKyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Division of Systems Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Faculty of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
- Division of Molecular Virology and Genetics, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- First Medical Faculty at Biocev, Charles University, Vestec-Prague, Czechia
- Department of Molecular Life Science, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
- Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory of Medical Virology, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Institute for Vaccine Research and Development (HU-IVReD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
- Graduate School of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health, Tokyo, Japan
- International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- AMED-CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED), Tokyo, Japan
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama, Japan
- Bioinformation and DDBJ Center, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Japan
- Laboratory of Virus Control, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
- Center for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
- International Vaccine Design Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
- Collaboration Unit for Infection, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Jumpei Ito
- Division of Systems Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kotaro Shirakawa
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazuo Takayama
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- AMED-CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Irie
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takao Hashiguchi
- Laboratory of Medical Virology, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - So Nakagawa
- Department of Molecular Life Science, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama, Japan
- Bioinformation and DDBJ Center, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Japan
| | - Takasuke Fukuhara
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- Institute for Vaccine Research and Development (HU-IVReD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- AMED-CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED), Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory of Virus Control, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Akatsuki Saito
- Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
- Graduate School of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
- Center for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Terumasa Ikeda
- Division of Molecular Virology and Genetics, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kei Sato
- Division of Systems Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama, Japan
- International Vaccine Design Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
- Collaboration Unit for Infection, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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5
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Sakurada-Aono M, Sakamoto T, Kobayashi M, Takiuchi Y, Iwai F, Tada K, Sasanuma H, Hirabayashi S, Murakawa Y, Shirakawa K, Sakamoto C, Shindo K, Yasunaga JI, Matsuoka M, Pommier Y, Takeda S, Takaori-Kondo A. HTLV-1 bZIP factor impairs DNA mismatch repair system. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 657:43-49. [PMID: 36972660 PMCID: PMC10115849 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.03.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) is a peripheral T-cell malignancy caused by human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1). Microsatellite instability (MSI) has been observed in ATL cells. Although MSI results from impaired mismatch repair (MMR) pathway, no null mutations in the genes encoding MMR factors are detectable in ATL cells. Thus, it is unclear whether or not impairment of MMR causes the MSI in ATL cells. HTLV-1 bZIP factor (HBZ) protein interacts with numerous host transcription factors and significantly contributes to disease pathogenesis and progression. Here we investigated the effect of HBZ on MMR in normal cells. The ectopic expression of HBZ in MMR-proficient cells induced MSI, and also suppressed the expression of several MMR factors. We then hypothesized that the HBZ compromises MMR by interfering with a transcription factor, nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF-1), and identified the consensus NRF-1 binding site at the promoter of the gene encoding MutS homologue 2 (MSH2), an essential MMR factor. The luciferase reporter assay revealed that NRF-1 overexpression enhanced MSH2 promoter activity, while co-expression of HBZ reversed this enhancement. These results supported the idea that HBZ suppresses the transcription of MSH2 by inhibiting NRF-1. Our data demonstrate that HBZ causes impaired MMR, and may imply a novel oncogenesis driven by HTLV-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maki Sakurada-Aono
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Takashi Sakamoto
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.
| | - Masayuki Kobayashi
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yoko Takiuchi
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Fumie Iwai
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Kohei Tada
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Sasanuma
- Department of Radiation Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan; Department of Genome Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 156-8506, Japan
| | - Shigeki Hirabayashi
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan; RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Murakawa
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan; Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (ASHBi), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan; IFOM ETS-the AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, 20139, Milan, MI, Italy
| | - Kotaro Shirakawa
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Chihiro Sakamoto
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Keisuke Shindo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichirou Yasunaga
- Department of Hematology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Masao Matsuoka
- Department of Hematology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Yves Pommier
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch and Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Shunichi Takeda
- Department of Radiation Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan; Shenzhen University School of Medicine, 1066, Xueyuan BLV, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Akifumi Takaori-Kondo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
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6
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Arai T, Ui A, Furuya M, Okawa R, Iiyama T, Ueda S, Shirakawa K. Effect of nonheated rod arrangements on void fraction distribution in a rod bundle in high-pressure boiling flow. Nuclear Engineering and Design 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nucengdes.2022.112101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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7
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Abe T, Horisawa Y, Kikuchi O, Ozawa-Umeta H, Kishimoto A, Katsuura Y, Imaizumi A, Hashimoto T, Shirakawa K, Takaori-Kondo A, Yusa K, Asakura T, Kakeya H, Kanai M. Pharmacologic characterization of TBP1901, a prodrug form of aglycone curcumin, and CRISPR-Cas9 screen for therapeutic targets of aglycone curcumin. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 935:175321. [PMID: 36228744 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin (aglycone curcumin) has antitumor properties in a variety of malignancies via the alteration of multiple cancer-related biological pathways; however, its clinical application has been hampered due to its poor bioavailability. To overcome this limitation, we have developed a synthesized curcumin β-D-glucuronide sodium salt (TBP1901), a prodrug form of aglycone curcumin. In this study, we aimed to clarify the pharmacologic characteristics of TBP1901. In β-glucuronidase (GUSB)-proficient mice, both curcumin β-D-glucuronide and its active metabolite, aglycone curcumin, were detected in the blood after TBP1901 injection, whereas only curcumin β-D-glucuronide was detected in GUSB-impaired mice, suggesting that GUSB plays a pivotal role in the conversion of TBP1901 into aglycone curcumin in vivo. TBP1901 itself had minimal antitumor effects in vitro, whereas it demonstrated significant antitumor effects in vivo. Genome-wide clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas9 screen disclosed the genes associated with NF-κB signaling pathway and mitochondria were among the highest hit. In vitro, aglycone curcumin inhibited NF-kappa B signaling pathways whereas it caused production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS scavenger, N-acetyl-L-cysteine, partially reversed antitumor effects of aglycone curcumin. In summary, TBP1901 can exert antitumor effects as a prodrug of aglycone curcumin through GUSB-dependent activation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yoshihito Horisawa
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Osamu Kikuchi
- Department of Therapeutic Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Kotaro Shirakawa
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akifumi Takaori-Kondo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kosuke Yusa
- Stem Cell Genetics, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tadashi Asakura
- Radioisotope Research Facilities, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideaki Kakeya
- Department of System Chemotherapy and Molecular Sciences, Division of Medicinal Frontier Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Masashi Kanai
- Department of Therapeutic Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
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8
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Saito A, Tamura T, Zahradnik J, Deguchi S, Tabata K, Anraku Y, Kimura I, Ito J, Yamasoba D, Nasser H, Toyoda M, Nagata K, Uriu K, Kosugi Y, Fujita S, Shofa M, Monira Begum MST, Shimizu R, Oda Y, Suzuki R, Ito H, Nao N, Wang L, Tsuda M, Yoshimatsu K, Kuramochi J, Kita S, Sasaki-Tabata K, Fukuhara H, Maenaka K, Yamamoto Y, Nagamoto T, Asakura H, Nagashima M, Sadamasu K, Yoshimura K, Ueno T, Schreiber G, Takaori-Kondo A, Shirakawa K, Sawa H, Irie T, Hashiguchi T, Takayama K, Matsuno K, Tanaka S, Ikeda T, Fukuhara T, Sato K. Virological characteristics of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2.75 variant. Cell Host Microbe 2022; 30:1540-1555.e15. [PMID: 36272413 PMCID: PMC9578327 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2022.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2.75 variant emerged in May 2022. BA.2.75 is a BA.2 descendant but is phylogenetically distinct from BA.5, the currently predominant BA.2 descendant. Here, we show that BA.2.75 has a greater effective reproduction number and different immunogenicity profile than BA.5. We determined the sensitivity of BA.2.75 to vaccinee and convalescent sera as well as a panel of clinically available antiviral drugs and antibodies. Antiviral drugs largely retained potency, but antibody sensitivity varied depending on several key BA.2.75-specific substitutions. The BA.2.75 spike exhibited a profoundly higher affinity for its human receptor, ACE2. Additionally, the fusogenicity, growth efficiency in human alveolar epithelial cells, and intrinsic pathogenicity in hamsters of BA.2.75 were greater than those of BA.2. Our multilevel investigations suggest that BA.2.75 acquired virological properties independent of BA.5, and the potential risk of BA.2.75 to global health is greater than that of BA.5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akatsuki Saito
- Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan,Graduate School of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan,Center for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Tomokazu Tamura
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Jiri Zahradnik
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel,First Medical Faculty at Biocev, Charles University, Vestec, Prague, Czechia
| | - Sayaka Deguchi
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Koshiro Tabata
- Division of Molecular Pathobiology, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yuki Anraku
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Science and Center for Research and Education on Drug Discovery, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Izumi Kimura
- Division of Systems Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jumpei Ito
- Division of Systems Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daichi Yamasoba
- Division of Systems Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan,Faculty of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hesham Nasser
- Division of Molecular Virology and Genetics, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan,Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Mako Toyoda
- Division of Infection and immunity, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kayoko Nagata
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Keiya Uriu
- Division of Systems Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan,Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kosugi
- Division of Systems Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan,Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeru Fujita
- Division of Systems Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan,Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Maya Shofa
- Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan,Graduate School of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - MST Monira Begum
- Division of Molecular Virology and Genetics, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Ryo Shimizu
- Division of Molecular Virology and Genetics, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Oda
- Department of Cancer Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Rigel Suzuki
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hayato Ito
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Naganori Nao
- Division of International Research Promotion, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Cancer Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan,Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masumi Tsuda
- Department of Cancer Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan,Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | | | - Jin Kuramochi
- Interpark Kuramochi Clinic, Utsunomiya, Japan,Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Kita
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Science and Center for Research and Education on Drug Discovery, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kaori Sasaki-Tabata
- Department of Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hideo Fukuhara
- Global Station for Biosurfaces and Drug Discovery, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan,Division of Pathogen Structure, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Katsumi Maenaka
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Science and Center for Research and Education on Drug Discovery, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan,Global Station for Biosurfaces and Drug Discovery, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan,Division of Pathogen Structure, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Mami Nagashima
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Sadamasu
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Takamasa Ueno
- Division of Infection and immunity, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Gideon Schreiber
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Akifumi Takaori-Kondo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Kotaro Shirakawa
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Sawa
- Division of Molecular Pathobiology, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan,Division of International Research Promotion, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan,One Health Research Center, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takashi Irie
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takao Hashiguchi
- Laboratory of Medical Virology, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazuo Takayama
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan,AMED-CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keita Matsuno
- One Health Research Center, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan,International Collaboration Unit, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan,Division of Risk Analysis and Management, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shinya Tanaka
- Department of Cancer Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan,Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan,Corresponding author
| | - Terumasa Ikeda
- Division of Molecular Virology and Genetics, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan,Corresponding author
| | - Takasuke Fukuhara
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan,Laboratory of Virus Control, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Japan,Corresponding author
| | - Kei Sato
- Division of Systems Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan,Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan,International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan,International Vaccine Design Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan,Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan,Collaboration Unit for Infection, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan,CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Japan,Corresponding author
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9
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Kimura I, Yamasoba D, Tamura T, Nao N, Suzuki T, Oda Y, Mitoma S, Ito J, Nasser H, Zahradnik J, Uriu K, Fujita S, Kosugi Y, Wang L, Tsuda M, Kishimoto M, Ito H, Suzuki R, Shimizu R, Begum MM, Yoshimatsu K, Kimura KT, Sasaki J, Sasaki-Tabata K, Yamamoto Y, Nagamoto T, Kanamune J, Kobiyama K, Asakura H, Nagashima M, Sadamasu K, Yoshimura K, Shirakawa K, Takaori-Kondo A, Kuramochi J, Schreiber G, Ishii KJ, Hashiguchi T, Ikeda T, Saito A, Fukuhara T, Tanaka S, Matsuno K, Sato K. Virological characteristics of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2 subvariants, including BA.4 and BA.5. Cell 2022; 185:3992-4007.e16. [PMID: 36198317 PMCID: PMC9472642 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
After the global spread of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2, some BA.2 subvariants, including BA.2.9.1, BA.2.11, BA.2.12.1, BA.4, and BA.5, emerged in multiple countries. Our statistical analysis showed that the effective reproduction numbers of these BA.2 subvariants are greater than that of the original BA.2. Neutralization experiments revealed that the immunity induced by BA.1/2 infections is less effective against BA.4/5. Cell culture experiments showed that BA.2.12.1 and BA.4/5 replicate more efficiently in human alveolar epithelial cells than BA.2, and particularly, BA.4/5 is more fusogenic than BA.2. We further provided the structure of the BA.4/5 spike receptor-binding domain that binds to human ACE2 and considered how the substitutions in the BA.4/5 spike play roles in ACE2 binding and immune evasion. Moreover, experiments using hamsters suggested that BA.4/5 is more pathogenic than BA.2. Our multiscale investigations suggest that the risk of BA.2 subvariants, particularly BA.4/5, to global health is greater than that of original BA.2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izumi Kimura
- Division of Systems Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daichi Yamasoba
- Division of Systems Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Faculty of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tomokazu Tamura
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Naganori Nao
- Division of International Research Promotion, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; One Health Research Center, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tateki Suzuki
- Laboratory of Medical Virology, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Oda
- Department of Cancer Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shuya Mitoma
- Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Jumpei Ito
- Division of Systems Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hesham Nasser
- Division of Molecular Virology and Genetics, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan; Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Jiri Zahradnik
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Keiya Uriu
- Division of Systems Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeru Fujita
- Division of Systems Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kosugi
- Division of Systems Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Cancer Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masumi Tsuda
- Department of Cancer Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Mai Kishimoto
- Division of Molecular Pathobiology, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hayato Ito
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Rigel Suzuki
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Ryo Shimizu
- Division of Molecular Virology and Genetics, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Mst Monira Begum
- Division of Molecular Virology and Genetics, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | | | - Kanako Terakado Kimura
- Laboratory of Medical Virology, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Jiei Sasaki
- Laboratory of Medical Virology, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kaori Sasaki-Tabata
- Department of Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Kouji Kobiyama
- Division of Vaccine Science, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; International Vaccine Design Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Mami Nagashima
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Sadamasu
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Kotaro Shirakawa
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akifumi Takaori-Kondo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Jin Kuramochi
- Interpark Kuramochi Clinic, Utsunomiya, Japan; Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Gideon Schreiber
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ken J Ishii
- Division of Vaccine Science, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; International Vaccine Design Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takao Hashiguchi
- Laboratory of Medical Virology, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Terumasa Ikeda
- Division of Molecular Virology and Genetics, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
| | - Akatsuki Saito
- Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan; Center for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan; Graduate School of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan.
| | - Takasuke Fukuhara
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Shinya Tanaka
- Department of Cancer Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Keita Matsuno
- One Health Research Center, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; International Collaboration Unit, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; Division of Risk Analysis and Management, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Kei Sato
- Division of Systems Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; International Vaccine Design Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan; Collaboration Unit for Infection, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan; CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Japan.
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10
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Maeda R, Fujita J, Konishi Y, Kazuma Y, Yamazaki H, Anzai I, Watanabe T, Yamaguchi K, Kasai K, Nagata K, Yamaoka Y, Miyakawa K, Ryo A, Shirakawa K, Sato K, Makino F, Matsuura Y, Inoue T, Imura A, Namba K, Takaori-Kondo A. A panel of nanobodies recognizing conserved hidden clefts of all SARS-CoV-2 spike variants including Omicron. Commun Biol 2022; 5:669. [PMID: 35794202 PMCID: PMC9257560 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03630-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We are amid the historic coronavirus infectious disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Imbalances in the accessibility of vaccines, medicines, and diagnostics among countries, regions, and populations, and those in war crises, have been problematic. Nanobodies are small, stable, customizable, and inexpensive to produce. Herein, we present a panel of nanobodies that can detect the spike proteins of five SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) including Omicron. Here we show via ELISA, lateral flow, kinetic, flow cytometric, microscopy, and Western blotting assays that our nanobodies can quantify the spike variants. This panel of nanobodies broadly neutralizes viral infection caused by pseudotyped and authentic SARS-CoV-2 VOCs. Structural analyses show that the P86 clone targets epitopes that are conserved yet unclassified on the receptor-binding domain (RBD) and contacts the N-terminal domain (NTD). Human antibodies rarely access both regions; consequently, the clone buries hidden crevasses of SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins that go undetected by conventional antibodies. A panel of nanobodies are presented that can detect the spike proteins of five SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern and structural analyses show that one clone targets conserved epitopes on the receptor-binding domain and contacts the N-terminal domain.
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11
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Yamasoba D, Kimura I, Nasser H, Morioka Y, Nao N, Ito J, Uriu K, Tsuda M, Zahradnik J, Shirakawa K, Suzuki R, Kishimoto M, Kosugi Y, Kobiyama K, Hara T, Toyoda M, Tanaka YL, Butlertanaka EP, Shimizu R, Ito H, Wang L, Oda Y, Orba Y, Sasaki M, Nagata K, Yoshimatsu K, Asakura H, Nagashima M, Sadamasu K, Yoshimura K, Kuramochi J, Seki M, Fujiki R, Kaneda A, Shimada T, Nakada TA, Sakao S, Suzuki T, Ueno T, Takaori-Kondo A, Ishii KJ, Schreiber G, Sawa H, Saito A, Irie T, Tanaka S, Matsuno K, Fukuhara T, Ikeda T, Sato K. Virological characteristics of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2 spike. Cell 2022; 185:2103-2115.e19. [PMID: 35568035 DOI: 10.1101/2022.02.14.480335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Soon after the emergence and global spread of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron lineage BA.1, another Omicron lineage, BA.2, began outcompeting BA.1. The results of statistical analysis showed that the effective reproduction number of BA.2 is 1.4-fold higher than that of BA.1. Neutralization experiments revealed that immunity induced by COVID vaccines widely administered to human populations is not effective against BA.2, similar to BA.1, and that the antigenicity of BA.2 is notably different from that of BA.1. Cell culture experiments showed that the BA.2 spike confers higher replication efficacy in human nasal epithelial cells and is more efficient in mediating syncytia formation than the BA.1 spike. Furthermore, infection experiments using hamsters indicated that the BA.2 spike-bearing virus is more pathogenic than the BA.1 spike-bearing virus. Altogether, the results of our multiscale investigations suggest that the risk of BA.2 to global health is potentially higher than that of BA.1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daichi Yamasoba
- Division of Systems Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Faculty of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Izumi Kimura
- Division of Systems Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hesham Nasser
- Division of Molecular Virology and Genetics, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan; Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Yuhei Morioka
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Naganori Nao
- Division of International Research Promotion, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; One Health Research Center, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Jumpei Ito
- Division of Systems Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiya Uriu
- Division of Systems Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masumi Tsuda
- Department of Cancer Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Jiri Zahradnik
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Kotaro Shirakawa
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Rigel Suzuki
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Mai Kishimoto
- Division of Molecular Pathobiology, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kosugi
- Division of Systems Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Laboratory of Systems Virology, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kouji Kobiyama
- Division of Vaccine Science, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; International Vaccine Design Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Teppei Hara
- Division of Vaccine Science, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mako Toyoda
- Division of Infection and immunity, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yuri L Tanaka
- Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Erika P Butlertanaka
- Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Ryo Shimizu
- Division of Molecular Virology and Genetics, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hayato Ito
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Cancer Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Oda
- Department of Cancer Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yasuko Orba
- Division of Molecular Pathobiology, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Michihito Sasaki
- Division of Molecular Pathobiology, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; International Collaboration Unit, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kayoko Nagata
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | | | - Mami Nagashima
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Sadamasu
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - Motoaki Seki
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Ryoji Fujiki
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kaneda
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tadanaga Shimada
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Taka-Aki Nakada
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Seiichiro Sakao
- Department of Respirology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takuji Suzuki
- Department of Respirology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takamasa Ueno
- Division of Infection and immunity, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Akifumi Takaori-Kondo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ken J Ishii
- Division of Vaccine Science, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; International Vaccine Design Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Gideon Schreiber
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Hirofumi Sawa
- Division of International Research Promotion, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; One Health Research Center, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; Division of Molecular Pathobiology, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; International Collaboration Unit, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Akatsuki Saito
- Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan; Center for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki, Chiba, Japan; Graduate School of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan.
| | - Takashi Irie
- Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
| | - Shinya Tanaka
- Department of Cancer Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Keita Matsuno
- One Health Research Center, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; International Collaboration Unit, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; Division of Risk Analysis and Management, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Takasuke Fukuhara
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Terumasa Ikeda
- Division of Molecular Virology and Genetics, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
| | - Kei Sato
- Division of Systems Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; International Vaccine Design Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Japan.
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12
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Yamasoba D, Kimura I, Nasser H, Morioka Y, Nao N, Ito J, Uriu K, Tsuda M, Zahradnik J, Shirakawa K, Suzuki R, Kishimoto M, Kosugi Y, Kobiyama K, Hara T, Toyoda M, Tanaka YL, Butlertanaka EP, Shimizu R, Ito H, Wang L, Oda Y, Orba Y, Sasaki M, Nagata K, Yoshimatsu K, Asakura H, Nagashima M, Sadamasu K, Yoshimura K, Kuramochi J, Seki M, Fujiki R, Kaneda A, Shimada T, Nakada TA, Sakao S, Suzuki T, Ueno T, Takaori-Kondo A, Ishii KJ, Schreiber G, Sawa H, Saito A, Irie T, Tanaka S, Matsuno K, Fukuhara T, Ikeda T, Sato K. Virological characteristics of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2 spike. Cell 2022; 185:2103-2115.e19. [PMID: 35568035 PMCID: PMC9057982 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 91.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Soon after the emergence and global spread of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron lineage BA.1, another Omicron lineage, BA.2, began outcompeting BA.1. The results of statistical analysis showed that the effective reproduction number of BA.2 is 1.4-fold higher than that of BA.1. Neutralization experiments revealed that immunity induced by COVID vaccines widely administered to human populations is not effective against BA.2, similar to BA.1, and that the antigenicity of BA.2 is notably different from that of BA.1. Cell culture experiments showed that the BA.2 spike confers higher replication efficacy in human nasal epithelial cells and is more efficient in mediating syncytia formation than the BA.1 spike. Furthermore, infection experiments using hamsters indicated that the BA.2 spike-bearing virus is more pathogenic than the BA.1 spike-bearing virus. Altogether, the results of our multiscale investigations suggest that the risk of BA.2 to global health is potentially higher than that of BA.1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daichi Yamasoba
- Division of Systems Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Faculty of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Izumi Kimura
- Division of Systems Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hesham Nasser
- Division of Molecular Virology and Genetics, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan; Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Yuhei Morioka
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Naganori Nao
- Division of International Research Promotion, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; One Health Research Center, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Jumpei Ito
- Division of Systems Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiya Uriu
- Division of Systems Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masumi Tsuda
- Department of Cancer Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Jiri Zahradnik
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Kotaro Shirakawa
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Rigel Suzuki
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Mai Kishimoto
- Division of Molecular Pathobiology, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kosugi
- Division of Systems Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Laboratory of Systems Virology, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kouji Kobiyama
- Division of Vaccine Science, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; International Vaccine Design Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Teppei Hara
- Division of Vaccine Science, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mako Toyoda
- Division of Infection and immunity, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yuri L Tanaka
- Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Erika P Butlertanaka
- Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Ryo Shimizu
- Division of Molecular Virology and Genetics, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hayato Ito
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Cancer Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Oda
- Department of Cancer Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yasuko Orba
- Division of Molecular Pathobiology, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Michihito Sasaki
- Division of Molecular Pathobiology, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; International Collaboration Unit, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kayoko Nagata
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | | | - Mami Nagashima
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Sadamasu
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - Motoaki Seki
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Ryoji Fujiki
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kaneda
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tadanaga Shimada
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Taka-Aki Nakada
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Seiichiro Sakao
- Department of Respirology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takuji Suzuki
- Department of Respirology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takamasa Ueno
- Division of Infection and immunity, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Akifumi Takaori-Kondo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ken J Ishii
- Division of Vaccine Science, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; International Vaccine Design Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Gideon Schreiber
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | | | - Hirofumi Sawa
- Division of International Research Promotion, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; One Health Research Center, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; Division of Molecular Pathobiology, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; International Collaboration Unit, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Akatsuki Saito
- Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan; Center for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki, Chiba, Japan; Graduate School of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan.
| | - Takashi Irie
- Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
| | - Shinya Tanaka
- Department of Cancer Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Keita Matsuno
- One Health Research Center, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; International Collaboration Unit, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; Division of Risk Analysis and Management, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Takasuke Fukuhara
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Terumasa Ikeda
- Division of Molecular Virology and Genetics, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
| | - Kei Sato
- Division of Systems Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; International Vaccine Design Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Japan.
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13
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Meng B, Abdullahi A, Ferreira IATM, Goonawardane N, Saito A, Kimura I, Yamasoba D, Gerber PP, Fatihi S, Rathore S, Zepeda SK, Papa G, Kemp SA, Ikeda T, Toyoda M, Tan TS, Kuramochi J, Mitsunaga S, Ueno T, Shirakawa K, Takaori-Kondo A, Brevini T, Mallery DL, Charles OJ, Bowen JE, Joshi A, Walls AC, Jackson L, Martin D, Smith KGC, Bradley J, Briggs JAG, Choi J, Madissoon E, Meyer KB, Mlcochova P, Ceron-Gutierrez L, Doffinger R, Teichmann SA, Fisher AJ, Pizzuto MS, de Marco A, Corti D, Hosmillo M, Lee JH, James LC, Thukral L, Veesler D, Sigal A, Sampaziotis F, Goodfellow IG, Matheson NJ, Sato K, Gupta RK. Altered TMPRSS2 usage by SARS-CoV-2 Omicron impacts infectivity and fusogenicity. Nature 2022; 603:706-714. [PMID: 35104837 PMCID: PMC8942856 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-04474-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 616] [Impact Index Per Article: 308.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 variant emerged in 20211 and has multiple mutations in its spike protein2. Here we show that the spike protein of Omicron has a higher affinity for ACE2 compared with Delta, and a marked change in its antigenicity increases Omicron's evasion of therapeutic monoclonal and vaccine-elicited polyclonal neutralizing antibodies after two doses. mRNA vaccination as a third vaccine dose rescues and broadens neutralization. Importantly, the antiviral drugs remdesivir and molnupiravir retain efficacy against Omicron BA.1. Replication was similar for Omicron and Delta virus isolates in human nasal epithelial cultures. However, in lung cells and gut cells, Omicron demonstrated lower replication. Omicron spike protein was less efficiently cleaved compared with Delta. The differences in replication were mapped to the entry efficiency of the virus on the basis of spike-pseudotyped virus assays. The defect in entry of Omicron pseudotyped virus to specific cell types effectively correlated with higher cellular RNA expression of TMPRSS2, and deletion of TMPRSS2 affected Delta entry to a greater extent than Omicron. Furthermore, drug inhibitors targeting specific entry pathways3 demonstrated that the Omicron spike inefficiently uses the cellular protease TMPRSS2, which promotes cell entry through plasma membrane fusion, with greater dependency on cell entry through the endocytic pathway. Consistent with suboptimal S1/S2 cleavage and inability to use TMPRSS2, syncytium formation by the Omicron spike was substantially impaired compared with the Delta spike. The less efficient spike cleavage of Omicron at S1/S2 is associated with a shift in cellular tropism away from TMPRSS2-expressing cells, with implications for altered pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Meng
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology & Infectious Disease (CITIID), Cambridge, UK
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Adam Abdullahi
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology & Infectious Disease (CITIID), Cambridge, UK
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Isabella A T M Ferreira
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology & Infectious Disease (CITIID), Cambridge, UK
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Niluka Goonawardane
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology & Infectious Disease (CITIID), Cambridge, UK
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Akatsuki Saito
- Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Izumi Kimura
- Division of Systems Virology, Department of Infectious Disease Control, International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daichi Yamasoba
- Division of Systems Virology, Department of Infectious Disease Control, International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Pehuén Pereyra Gerber
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology & Infectious Disease (CITIID), Cambridge, UK
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Saman Fatihi
- CSIR Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi, India
| | - Surabhi Rathore
- CSIR Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi, India
| | - Samantha K Zepeda
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Guido Papa
- MRC-Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK
| | - Steven A Kemp
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology & Infectious Disease (CITIID), Cambridge, UK
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Terumasa Ikeda
- Division of Molecular Virology and Genetics, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Mako Toyoda
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Toong Seng Tan
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | | | - Shigeki Mitsunaga
- Human Genetics Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Japan
| | - Takamasa Ueno
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kotaro Shirakawa
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akifumi Takaori-Kondo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Teresa Brevini
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | - John E Bowen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Anshu Joshi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Alexandra C Walls
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Virology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | - Kenneth G C Smith
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology & Infectious Disease (CITIID), Cambridge, UK
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - John Bradley
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Jinwook Choi
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | - Elo Madissoon
- Welcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, EMBL-EBI, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - Kerstin B Meyer
- Welcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - Petra Mlcochova
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology & Infectious Disease (CITIID), Cambridge, UK
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lourdes Ceron-Gutierrez
- Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Rainer Doffinger
- Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sarah A Teichmann
- Welcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
- Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andrew J Fisher
- Transplant and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Matteo S Pizzuto
- Humabs Biomed SA, a subsidiary of Vir Biotechnology, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Anna de Marco
- Humabs Biomed SA, a subsidiary of Vir Biotechnology, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Davide Corti
- Humabs Biomed SA, a subsidiary of Vir Biotechnology, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Myra Hosmillo
- Department of Virology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Joo Hyeon Lee
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Leo C James
- MRC-Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lipi Thukral
- CSIR Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi, India
| | - David Veesler
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Alex Sigal
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa
- Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Fotios Sampaziotis
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology & Infectious Disease (CITIID), Cambridge, UK
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, UK
- Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Nicholas J Matheson
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology & Infectious Disease (CITIID), Cambridge, UK
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
- NHS Blood and Transplant, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kei Sato
- Division of Systems Virology, Department of Infectious Disease Control, International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama, Japan.
| | - Ravindra K Gupta
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology & Infectious Disease (CITIID), Cambridge, UK.
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa.
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14
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Uriu K, Cárdenas P, Muñoz E, Barragan V, Kosugi Y, Shirakawa K, Takaori-Kondo A, Sato K. Characterization of the immune resistance of SARS-CoV-2 Mu variant and the robust immunity induced by Mu infection. J Infect Dis 2022; 226:1200-1203. [PMID: 35176774 PMCID: PMC8903444 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiac053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We have recently revealed that the SARS-CoV-2 Mu variant shows a pronounced resistance to antibodies elicited by natural SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination. However, it remains unclear which mutations determine the resistance of SARS-CoV-2 Mu to antiviral sera. Also, it is unclear how SARS-CoV-2 Mu infection induces antiviral immunity. Here we reveal that the two mutations in the SARS-CoV-2 Mu spike protein, YY144-145TSN and E484K, are responsible for the resistance to COVID-19 convalescent sera during early 2020 and vaccine sera. Notably, the convalescent sera of SARS-CoV-2 Mu-infected individuals are broadly antiviral against Mu as well as other SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern/interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiya Uriu
- Division of Systems Virology, Department of Infectious Disease Control, International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Paúl Cárdenas
- Institute of Microbiology, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Erika Muñoz
- Institute of Microbiology, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Veronica Barragan
- Institute of Microbiology, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Yusuke Kosugi
- Division of Systems Virology, Department of Infectious Disease Control, International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kotaro Shirakawa
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akifumi Takaori-Kondo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kei Sato
- Division of Systems Virology, Department of Infectious Disease Control, International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama, Japan
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15
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Kimura I, Kosugi Y, Wu J, Zahradnik J, Yamasoba D, Butlertanaka EP, Tanaka YL, Uriu K, Liu Y, Morizako N, Shirakawa K, Kazuma Y, Nomura R, Horisawa Y, Tokunaga K, Ueno T, Takaori-Kondo A, Schreiber G, Arase H, Motozono C, Saito A, Nakagawa S, Sato K. The SARS-CoV-2 Lambda variant exhibits enhanced infectivity and immune resistance. Cell Rep 2022; 38:110218. [PMID: 34968415 DOI: 10.1101/2021.07.28.454085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 Lambda, a variant of interest, has spread in some South American countries; however, its virological features and evolutionary traits remain unclear. In this study, we use pseudoviruses and reveal that the spike protein of the Lambda variant is more infectious than that of other variants due to the T76I and L452Q mutations. The RSYLTPGD246-253N mutation, a unique 7-amino acid deletion in the N-terminal domain of the Lambda spike protein, is responsible for evasion from neutralizing antibodies and further augments antibody-mediated enhancement of infection. Although this mutation generates a nascent N-linked glycosylation site, the additional N-linked glycan is dispensable for the virological property conferred by this mutation. Since the Lambda variant has dominantly spread according to the increasing frequency of the isolates harboring the RSYLTPGD246-253N mutation, our data suggest that the RSYLTPGD246-253N mutation is closely associated with the substantial spread of the Lambda variant in South America.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izumi Kimura
- Division of Systems Virology, Department of Infectious Disease Control, International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 1088639, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kosugi
- Division of Systems Virology, Department of Infectious Disease Control, International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 1088639, Japan; Laboratory of Systems Virology, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 6068507, Japan; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 6068501, Japan
| | - Jiaqi Wu
- Department of Molecular Life Science, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Kanagawa 2591193, Japan; CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama 3220012, Japan
| | - Jiri Zahradnik
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Daichi Yamasoba
- Division of Systems Virology, Department of Infectious Disease Control, International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 1088639, Japan; Faculty of Medicine, Kobe University, Hyogo 6500017, Japan
| | - Erika P Butlertanaka
- Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 8892192, Japan
| | - Yuri L Tanaka
- Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 8892192, Japan
| | - Keiya Uriu
- Division of Systems Virology, Department of Infectious Disease Control, International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 1088639, Japan; Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 1130033 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yafei Liu
- Department of Immunochemistry, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka 5650871, Japan; Laboratory of Immunochemistry, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Centre, Osaka University, Osaka 5650871, Japan
| | - Nanami Morizako
- Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 8892192, Japan
| | - Kotaro Shirakawa
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 6068507, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kazuma
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 6068507, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Nomura
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 6068507, Japan
| | - Yoshihito Horisawa
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 6068507, Japan
| | - Kenzo Tokunaga
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 1628640, Japan
| | - Takamasa Ueno
- Division of Infection and immunity, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 8600811, Japan
| | - Akifumi Takaori-Kondo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 6068507, Japan
| | - Gideon Schreiber
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Hisashi Arase
- Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 1130033 Tokyo, Japan; Department of Immunochemistry, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka 5650871, Japan; Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research, Osaka University, Osaka 5650871, Japan
| | - Chihiro Motozono
- Division of Infection and immunity, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 8600811, Japan
| | - Akatsuki Saito
- Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 8892192, Japan; Center for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 8892192, Japan; Graduate School of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 8892192, Japan
| | - So Nakagawa
- Department of Molecular Life Science, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Kanagawa 2591193, Japan; CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama 3220012, Japan; Bioinformation and DDBJ Center, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka 4118540, Japan.
| | - Kei Sato
- Division of Systems Virology, Department of Infectious Disease Control, International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 1088639, Japan; CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama 3220012, Japan; Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 1130033 Tokyo, Japan.
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16
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Saito A, Irie T, Suzuki R, Maemura T, Nasser H, Uriu K, Kosugi Y, Shirakawa K, Sadamasu K, Kimura I, Ito J, Wu J, Iwatsuki-Horimoto K, Ito M, Yamayoshi S, Loeber S, Tsuda M, Wang L, Ozono S, Butlertanaka EP, Tanaka YL, Shimizu R, Shimizu K, Yoshimatsu K, Kawabata R, Sakaguchi T, Tokunaga K, Yoshida I, Asakura H, Nagashima M, Kazuma Y, Nomura R, Horisawa Y, Yoshimura K, Takaori-Kondo A, Imai M, Tanaka S, Nakagawa S, Ikeda T, Fukuhara T, Kawaoka Y, Sato K. Enhanced fusogenicity and pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 Delta P681R mutation. Nature 2022; 602:300-306. [PMID: 34823256 PMCID: PMC8828475 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-04266-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 331] [Impact Index Per Article: 165.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
During the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, a variety of mutations have accumulated in the viral genome of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and, at the time of writing, four variants of concern are considered to be potentially hazardous to human society1. The recently emerged B.1.617.2/Delta variant of concern is closely associated with the COVID-19 surge that occurred in India in the spring of 2021 (ref. 2). However, the virological properties of B.1.617.2/Delta remain unclear. Here we show that the B.1.617.2/Delta variant is highly fusogenic and notably more pathogenic than prototypic SARS-CoV-2 in infected hamsters. The P681R mutation in the spike protein, which is highly conserved in this lineage, facilitates cleavage of the spike protein and enhances viral fusogenicity. Moreover, we demonstrate that the P681R-bearing virus exhibits higher pathogenicity compared with its parental virus. Our data suggest that the P681R mutation is a hallmark of the virological phenotype of the B.1.617.2/Delta variant and is associated with enhanced pathogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akatsuki Saito
- grid.410849.00000 0001 0657 3887Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan ,grid.410849.00000 0001 0657 3887Center for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan ,grid.410849.00000 0001 0657 3887Graduate School of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Takashi Irie
- grid.257022.00000 0000 8711 3200Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Rigel Suzuki
- grid.39158.360000 0001 2173 7691Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Tadashi Maemura
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDivision of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan ,grid.14003.360000 0001 2167 3675Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI USA
| | - Hesham Nasser
- grid.274841.c0000 0001 0660 6749Division of Molecular Virology and Genetics, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan ,grid.33003.330000 0000 9889 5690Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Keiya Uriu
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDivision of Systems Virology, Department of Infectious Disease Control, International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kosugi
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDivision of Systems Virology, Department of Infectious Disease Control, International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kotaro Shirakawa
- grid.258799.80000 0004 0372 2033Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kenji Sadamasu
- grid.417096.dTokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Izumi Kimura
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDivision of Systems Virology, Department of Infectious Disease Control, International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jumpei Ito
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDivision of Systems Virology, Department of Infectious Disease Control, International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jiaqi Wu
- grid.265061.60000 0001 1516 6626Department of Molecular Life Science, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan ,grid.419082.60000 0004 1754 9200CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kiyoko Iwatsuki-Horimoto
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDivision of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mutsumi Ito
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDivision of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seiya Yamayoshi
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDivision of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan ,grid.45203.300000 0004 0489 0290The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Samantha Loeber
- grid.28803.310000 0001 0701 8607Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA
| | - Masumi Tsuda
- grid.39158.360000 0001 2173 7691Department of Cancer Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan ,grid.39158.360000 0001 2173 7691Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Lei Wang
- grid.39158.360000 0001 2173 7691Department of Cancer Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan ,grid.39158.360000 0001 2173 7691Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Seiya Ozono
- grid.410795.e0000 0001 2220 1880Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Erika P. Butlertanaka
- grid.410849.00000 0001 0657 3887Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Yuri L. Tanaka
- grid.410849.00000 0001 0657 3887Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Ryo Shimizu
- grid.274841.c0000 0001 0660 6749Division of Molecular Virology and Genetics, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan ,grid.274841.c0000 0001 0660 6749Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kenta Shimizu
- grid.39158.360000 0001 2173 7691Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Kumiko Yoshimatsu
- grid.39158.360000 0001 2173 7691Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Ryoko Kawabata
- grid.257022.00000 0000 8711 3200Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takemasa Sakaguchi
- grid.257022.00000 0000 8711 3200Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kenzo Tokunaga
- grid.410795.e0000 0001 2220 1880Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Isao Yoshida
- grid.417096.dTokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Asakura
- grid.417096.dTokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mami Nagashima
- grid.417096.dTokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kazuma
- grid.258799.80000 0004 0372 2033Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Nomura
- grid.258799.80000 0004 0372 2033Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoshihito Horisawa
- grid.258799.80000 0004 0372 2033Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Yoshimura
- grid.417096.dTokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akifumi Takaori-Kondo
- grid.258799.80000 0004 0372 2033Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masaki Imai
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XDivision of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan ,grid.45203.300000 0004 0489 0290The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Shinya Tanaka
- Department of Cancer Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan. .,Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan.
| | - So Nakagawa
- Department of Molecular Life Science, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan. .,CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama, Japan.
| | - Terumasa Ikeda
- Division of Molecular Virology and Genetics, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
| | - Takasuke Fukuhara
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan.
| | - Yoshihiro Kawaoka
- Division of Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. .,Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA. .,The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Kei Sato
- Division of Systems Virology, Department of Infectious Disease Control, International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. .,CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama, Japan.
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17
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Uriu K, Kimura I, Shirakawa K, Takaori-Kondo A, Nakada TA, Kaneda A, Nakagawa S, Sato K. Neutralization of the SARS-CoV-2 Mu Variant by Convalescent and Vaccine Serum. N Engl J Med 2021; 385:2397-2399. [PMID: 34731554 DOI: 10.1101/2021.09.06.459005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
AbstractOn August 30, 2021, the WHO classified the SARS-CoV-2 Mu variant (B.1.621 lineage) as a new variant of interest. The WHO defines “comparative assessment of virus characteristics and public health risks” as primary action in response to the emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 variants. Here, we demonstrate that the Mu variant is highly resistant to sera from COVID-19 convalescents and BNT162b2-vaccinated individuals. Direct comparison of different SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins revealed that Mu spike is more resistant to serum-mediated neutralization than all other currently recognized variants of interest (VOI) and concern (VOC). This includes the Beta variant (B.1.351) that has been suggested to represent the most resistant variant to convalescent and vaccinated sera to date (e.g., Collier et al, Nature, 2021; Wang et al, Nature, 2021). Since breakthrough infection by newly emerging variants is a major concern during the current COVID-19 pandemic (Bergwerk et al., NEJM, 2021), we believe that our findings are of significant public health interest. Our results will help to better assess the risk posed by the Mu variant for vaccinated, previously infected and naïve populations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Kei Sato
- University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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18
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Kei Sato
- University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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19
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Kimura I, Kosugi Y, Wu J, Zahradnik J, Yamasoba D, Butlertanaka EP, Tanaka YL, Uriu K, Liu Y, Morizako N, Shirakawa K, Kazuma Y, Nomura R, Horisawa Y, Tokunaga K, Ueno T, Takaori-Kondo A, Schreiber G, Arase H, Motozono C, Saito A, Nakagawa S, Sato K. The SARS-CoV-2 Lambda variant exhibits enhanced infectivity and immune resistance. Cell Rep 2021; 38:110218. [PMID: 34968415 PMCID: PMC8683271 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.110218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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20
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Ferreira IATM, Kemp SA, Datir R, Saito A, Meng B, Rakshit P, Takaori-Kondo A, Kosugi Y, Uriu K, Kimura I, Shirakawa K, Abdullahi A, Agarwal A, Ozono S, Tokunaga K, Sato K, Gupta RK. SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617 Mutations L452R and E484Q Are Not Synergistic for Antibody Evasion. J Infect Dis 2021; 224:989-994. [PMID: 34260717 PMCID: PMC8420622 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiab368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617 variant emerged in the Indian state of Maharashtra in late 2020. There have been fears that 2 key mutations seen in the receptor-binding domain, L452R and E484Q, would have additive effects on evasion of neutralizing antibodies. We report that spike bearing L452R and E484Q confers modestly reduced sensitivity to BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine-elicited antibodies following either first or second dose. The effect is similar in magnitude to the loss of sensitivity conferred by L452R or E484Q alone. These data demonstrate reduced sensitivity to vaccine-elicited neutralizing antibodies by L452R and E484Q but lack of synergistic loss of sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella A T M Ferreira
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease, Cambridge,United Kingdom
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge,United Kingdom
| | - Steven A Kemp
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease, Cambridge,United Kingdom
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge,United Kingdom
| | - Rawlings Datir
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease, Cambridge,United Kingdom
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge,United Kingdom
| | - Akatsuki Saito
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki,Japan
| | - Bo Meng
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease, Cambridge,United Kingdom
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge,United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Yusuke Kosugi
- Divisionof Systems Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiya Uriu
- Divisionof Systems Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Izumi Kimura
- Divisionof Systems Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kotaro Shirakawa
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Kyoto University, Kyoto,Japan
| | - Adam Abdullahi
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease, Cambridge,United Kingdom
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge,United Kingdom
| | - Anurag Agarwal
- CSIR Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi,India
| | - Seiya Ozono
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo,Japan
| | - Kenzo Tokunaga
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo,Japan
| | - Kei Sato
- Divisionof Systems Virology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama,Japan
| | - Ravindra K Gupta
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease, Cambridge,United Kingdom
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge,United Kingdom
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban,South Africa
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21
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Sarca AD, Sardo L, Fukuda H, Matsui H, Shirakawa K, Horikawa K, Takaori-Kondo A, Izumi T. FRET-Based Detection and Quantification of HIV-1 Virion Maturation. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:647452. [PMID: 33767685 PMCID: PMC7985248 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.647452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
HIV-1 infectivity is achieved through virion maturation. Virus particles undergo structural changes via cleavage of the Gag polyprotein mediated by the viral protease, causing the transition from an uninfectious to an infectious status. The majority of proviruses in people living with HIV-1 treated with combination antiretroviral therapy are defective with large internal deletions. Defective proviral DNA frequently preserves intact sequences capable of expressing viral structural proteins to form virus-like particles whose maturation status is an important factor for chronic antigen-mediated immune stimulation and inflammation. Thus, novel methods to study the maturation capability of defective virus particles are needed to characterize their immunogenicity. To build a quantitative tool to study virion maturation in vitro, we developed a novel single virion visualization technique based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET). We inserted an optimized intramolecular CFP-YPF FRET donor-acceptor pair bridged with an HIV-1 protease cleavage sequence between the Gag MA-CA domains. This system allowed us to microscopically distinguish mature and immature virions via their FRET signal when the FRET donor and acceptor proteins were separated by the viral protease during maturation. We found that approximately 80% of the FRET labeled virus particles were mature with equivalent infectivity to wild type. The proportion of immature virions was increased by treatment of virus producer cells with a protease inhibitor in a dose-dependent manner, which corresponded to a relative decrease in infectivity. Potential areas of application for this tool are assessing maturation efficiency in different cell type settings of intact or deficient proviral DNA integrated cells. We believe that this FRET-based single-virion imaging platform will facilitate estimating the impact on the immune system of both extracellular intact and defective viruses by quantifying the Gag maturation status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anamaria D Sarca
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Luca Sardo
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of the Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Hirofumi Fukuda
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Matsui
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kotaro Shirakawa
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazuki Horikawa
- Department of Optical Imaging, Advanced Research Promotion Center, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Akifumi Takaori-Kondo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Taisuke Izumi
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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22
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Hirabayashi S, Shirakawa K, Horisawa Y, Matsumoto T, Matsui H, Yamazaki H, Sarca AD, Kazuma Y, Nomura R, Konishi Y, Takeuchi S, Stanford E, Kawaji H, Murakawa Y, Takaori-Kondo A. APOBEC3B is preferentially expressed at the G2/M phase of cell cycle. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 546:178-184. [PMID: 33592502 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
APOBEC3B (A3B) is a cytosine deaminase that converts cytosine to uracil in single-stranded DNA. Cytosine-to-thymine and cytosine-to-guanine base substitution mutations in trinucleotide motifs (APOBEC mutational signatures) were found in various cancers including lymphoid hematological malignancies such as multiple myeloma and A3B has been shown to be an enzymatic source of mutations in those cancers. Although the importance of A3B is being increasingly recognized, it is unclear how A3B expression is regulated in cancer cells as well as normal cells. To answer these fundamental questions, we analyzed 1276 primary myeloma cells using single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) and found that A3B was preferentially expressed at the G2/M phase, in sharp contrast to the expression patterns of other APOBEC3 genes. Consistently, we demonstrated that A3B protein was preferentially expressed at the G2/M phase in myeloma cells by cell sorting. We also demonstrated that normal blood cells expressing A3B were also enriched in G2/M-phase cells by analyzing scRNA-seq data from 86,493 normal bone marrow mononuclear cells. Furthermore, we revealed that A3B was expressed mainly in plasma cells, CD10+ B cells and erythroid cells, but not in granulocyte-macrophage progenitors. A3B expression profiling in normal blood cells may contribute to understanding the defense mechanism of A3B against viruses, and partially explain the bias of APOBEC mutational signatures in lymphoid but not myeloid malignancies. This study identified the cells and cellular phase in which A3B is highly expressed, which may help reveal the mechanisms behind carcinogenesis and cancer heterogeneity, as well as the biological functions of A3B in normal blood cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeki Hirabayashi
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kotaro Shirakawa
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoshihito Horisawa
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tadahiko Matsumoto
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Matsui
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Yamazaki
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Anamaria Daniela Sarca
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kazuma
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Nomura
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Konishi
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Suguru Takeuchi
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Emani Stanford
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hideya Kawaji
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan; Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan; RIKEN Preventive Medicine and Diagnosis Innovation Program, Wako, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Murakawa
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan; IFOM-the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy; Department of Medical Systems Genomics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Institute for Advanced Study of Human Biology (ASHBi), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akifumi Takaori-Kondo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
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23
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Yamazaki H, Shirakawa K, Matsumoto T, Kazuma Y, Matsui H, Horisawa Y, Stanford E, Sarca AD, Shirakawa R, Shindo K, Takaori-Kondo A. APOBEC3B reporter myeloma cell lines identify DNA damage response pathways leading to APOBEC3B expression. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0223463. [PMID: 31914134 PMCID: PMC6948746 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing enzyme catalytic polypeptide-like (APOBEC) DNA cytosine deaminase 3B (A3B) is a DNA editing enzyme which induces genomic DNA mutations in multiple myeloma and in various other cancers. APOBEC family proteins are highly homologous so it is especially difficult to investigate the biology of specifically A3B in cancer cells. To easily and comprehensively investigate A3B function in myeloma cells, we used CRISPR/Cas9 to generate A3B reporter cells that contain 3×FLAG tag and IRES-EGFP sequences integrated at the end of the A3B gene. These reporter cells stably express 3xFLAG tagged A3B and the reporter EGFP and this expression is enhanced by known stimuli, such as PMA. Conversely, shRNA knockdown of A3B decreased EGFP fluorescence and 3xFLAG tagged A3B protein levels. We screened a series of anticancer treatments using these cell lines and identified that most conventional therapies, such as antimetabolites or radiation, exacerbated endogenous A3B expression, but recent molecular targeted therapeutics, including bortezomib, lenalidomide and elotuzumab, did not. Furthermore, chemical inhibition of ATM, ATR and DNA-PK suppressed EGFP expression upon treatment with antimetabolites. These results suggest that DNA damage triggers A3B expression through ATM, ATR and DNA-PK signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Yamazaki
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kotaro Shirakawa
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tadahiko Matsumoto
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kazuma
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Matsui
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoshihito Horisawa
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Emani Stanford
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Anamaria Daniela Sarca
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ryutaro Shirakawa
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Keisuke Shindo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akifumi Takaori-Kondo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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24
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Usuda N, Shirakawa K, Hatano K, Abe MO, Yunoki T, Yano T. Coherence between oscillations in the cardiorespiratory system and tissue oxygen index in muscle recovering from intensive exercise in humans. Physiol Int 2019; 106:261-271. [PMID: 31602997 DOI: 10.1556/2060.106.2019.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
It has been shown that the tissue oxygen index (TOI) measured by near-infrared spectroscopy oscillates at very low frequencies during recovery after exercise and that this oscillation is derived from interactions among biochemical substances involved in oxidative metabolism in skeletal muscle. As a further step, we examined whether TOI in muscle interacts through oscillation with factors related to oxygen in the cardiorespiratory system. For this examination, coherence and phase difference between the TOI in the vastus lateralis and heart rate (HR) and between TOI and arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2) were sequentially determined during recovery (2-60 min) after severe cycle exercise with a workload of 7.5% of body weight for 20 s. Significant coherence between TOI and HR was obtained in the very low-frequency band (approximate range: 0.002-0.03 Hz) and in the low-frequency band (approximate range: 0.06-0.12 Hz). The phase difference was negative in the low-frequency band and positive in the very low-frequency band. The coherence between TOI and SpO2 was significant in the very low-frequency band. The phase difference was negative. There were no sequential changes in these coherences and phase differences. The results suggest that TOI in skeletal muscle interrelates with factors related to the heart and lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Usuda
- Graduate school of Education, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - K Shirakawa
- Graduate school of Education, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - K Hatano
- Graduate school of Education, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - M O Abe
- Department of Human Developmental Sciences, Faculty of Education, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - T Yunoki
- Department of Human Developmental Sciences, Faculty of Education, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - T Yano
- Department of Human Developmental Sciences, Faculty of Education, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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25
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Fukuda H, Li S, Sardo L, Smith JL, Yamashita K, Sarca AD, Shirakawa K, Standley DM, Takaori-Kondo A, Izumi T. Structural Determinants of the APOBEC3G N-Terminal Domain for HIV-1 RNA Association. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2019; 9:129. [PMID: 31165049 PMCID: PMC6536580 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2019.00129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
APOBEC3G (A3G) is a cellular protein that inhibits HIV-1 infection through virion incorporation. The interaction of the A3G N-terminal domain (NTD) with RNA is essential for A3G incorporation in the HIV-1 virion. The interaction between A3G-NTD and RNA is not completely understood. The A3G-NTD is also recognized by HIV-1 Viral infectivity factor (Vif) and A3G-Vif binding leads to A3G degradation. Therefore, the A3G-Vif interaction is a target for the development of antiviral therapies that block HIV-1 replication. However, targeting the A3G-Vif interactions could disrupt the A3G-RNA interactions that are required for A3G's antiviral activity. To better understand A3G-RNA binding, we generated in silico docking models to simulate the RNA-binding propensity of A3G-NTD. We simulated the A3G-NTD residues with high RNA-binding propensity, experimentally validated our prediction by testing A3G-NTD mutations, and identified structural determinants of A3G-RNA binding. In addition, we found a novel amino acid residue, I26 responsible for RNA interaction. The new structural insights provided here will facilitate the design of pharmaceuticals that inhibit A3G-Vif interactions without negatively impacting A3G-RNA interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirofumi Fukuda
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Songling Li
- Systems Immunology Laboratory, WPI Research Center Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Genome Informatics, Genome Information Research Center, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Luca Sardo
- Department of Biological Sciences, McNeil Science and Technology Center, University of the Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Jessica L Smith
- Molecular and Translational Sciences, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Kazuo Yamashita
- Systems Immunology Laboratory, WPI Research Center Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Anamaria D Sarca
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kotaro Shirakawa
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Daron M Standley
- Systems Immunology Laboratory, WPI Research Center Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Genome Informatics, Genome Information Research Center, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akifumi Takaori-Kondo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Taisuke Izumi
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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26
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Yamazaki H, Shirakawa K, Matsumoto T, Hirabayashi S, Murakawa Y, Kobayashi M, Sarca AD, Kazuma Y, Matsui H, Maruyama W, Fukuda H, Shirakawa R, Shindo K, Ri M, Iida S, Takaori-Kondo A. Endogenous APOBEC3B Overexpression Constitutively Generates DNA Substitutions and Deletions in Myeloma Cells. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7122. [PMID: 31073151 PMCID: PMC6509214 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43575-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing enzyme catalytic polypeptide-like (APOBEC) DNA cytosine deaminases have emerged as potential genomic mutators in various cancers. Multiple myeloma accumulates APOBEC signature mutations as it progresses; however, the mechanisms underlying APOBEC signature acquisition and its consequences remain elusive. In this study, we examined the significance and clinical impact of APOBEC3B (A3B) activity in multiple myeloma. Among APOBECs, only highly expressed A3B was associated with poor prognosis in myeloma patients, independent of other known poor prognostic factors. Quantitative PCR revealed that CD138-positive primary myeloma cells and myeloma cell lines exhibited remarkably high A3B expression levels. Interestingly, lentiviral A3B knockdown prevented the generation of deletion and loss-of-function mutations in exogenous DNA, whereas in control cells, these mutations accumulated with time. A3B knockdown also decreased the basal levels of γ-H2AX foci, suggesting that A3B promotes constitutive DNA double-strand breaks in myeloma cells. Importantly, among control shRNA-transduced cells, we observed the generation of clones that harboured diverse mutations in exogenous genes and several endogenous genes frequently mutated in myeloma, including TP53. Taken together, the results suggest that A3B constitutively mutates the tumour genome beyond the protection of the DNA repair system, which may lead to clonal evolution and genomic instability in myeloma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Yamazaki
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Kotaro Shirakawa
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Tadahiko Matsumoto
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Shigeki Hirabayashi
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.,RIKEN-HMC Clinical Omics Unit, RIKEN Baton Zone Program, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Murakawa
- RIKEN-HMC Clinical Omics Unit, RIKEN Baton Zone Program, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan.,RIKEN Preventive Medicine and Diagnosis Innovation Program, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Masayuki Kobayashi
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Anamaria Daniela Sarca
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kazuma
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Matsui
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Wataru Maruyama
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Fukuda
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Ryutaro Shirakawa
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Keisuke Shindo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Masaki Ri
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Iida
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Akifumi Takaori-Kondo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.
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27
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Jiang Y, Iwata S, Yang C, Shirakawa K, Matsuoka T. Cartilage regeneration by autologous adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of osteoarthritis. Cytotherapy 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2019.03.501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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28
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Yoshinaga N, Shindo K, Matsui Y, Takiuchi Y, Fukuda H, Nagata K, Shirakawa K, Kobayashi M, Takeda S, Takaori-Kondo A. A screening for DNA damage response molecules that affect HIV-1 infection. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 513:93-98. [PMID: 30935695 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.03.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Host DNA damage response molecules affect retroviral infection, as DNA intermediates of the viruses play essential roles in the viral life cycles. Although several such molecules have been reported, interactions between HIV-1 and host DNA damage response molecules have not been fully elucidated. To screen DNA damage response molecules that might affect HIV-1 infection, a set of 32 DNA-repair-deficient DT40 isogenic mutant cells were tested for HIV-1 infectivity. Seven out of the 32 clones showed less than 50% infectivity compared to parental DT40 cells, implying that DNA repair molecules deficient in these cells might support HIV-1 infection. Of these, EXO1 -/-, TP53BP1 -/- and WRN -/- cells showed more than twofold accumulation of two long terminal repeat circles and less than 50% integrated proviral DNA in quantitative-PCR analyses, indicating that the integration step is impaired. RAD18 -/- cells showed twofold higher HIV-1 infectivity and increased reverse transcription products at earlier time points, suggesting that RAD18 suppresses reverse transcription. The HIV-1 suppressive effects of RAD18 were confirmed by over-expression and knockdown experiments in human cells. L274P, a DNA-binding-impaired mutant of RAD18, showed impaired HIV-1 suppression and DNA binding, suggesting that binding HIV-1 DNA intermediates is critical for RAD18 to suppress reverse transcription and HIV-1 infection. Our data help understand interactions between host DNA damage response molecules and viral DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriyoshi Yoshinaga
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan
| | - Keisuke Shindo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan.
| | - Yusuke Matsui
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan
| | - Yoko Takiuchi
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Fukuda
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan
| | - Kayoko Nagata
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan
| | - Kotaro Shirakawa
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan
| | - Masayuki Kobayashi
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan
| | - Shunichi Takeda
- Department of Radiation Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan
| | - Akifumi Takaori-Kondo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan
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29
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Eso Y, Uza N, Shirakawa K, Sawada K, Katsuragi K, Matsuura M, Seno H. Choledochoduodenal Fistula during Chemotherapy with Brentuximab Vedotin for Methotrexate-associated Lymphoproliferative Disorder. Intern Med 2018; 57. [PMID: 29526961 PMCID: PMC6120836 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.0557-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
We herein report a patient with a history of rheumatoid arthritis treated with methotrexate, which caused methotrexate-associated lymphoproliferative disorder and obstructive jaundice due to an enlarged lymph node. The obstructive jaundice was treated with endoscopic biliary stenting. A histopathological examination revealed features of Hodgkin's lymphoma, and chemotherapy with brentuximab vedotin was administered. Cholangiography and duodenoscopy after four rounds of chemotherapy revealed a choledochoduodenal fistula that developed in response to chemotherapy. It should be noted that, in cases of lymphoma infiltrating the gastrointestinal wall, fistulae can occur because of rapid regression due to regimens comprising monoclonal antibodies, such as rituximab and brentuximab vedotin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Eso
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan
| | - Norimitsu Uza
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan
| | - Kotaro Shirakawa
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan
| | - Kenji Sawada
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan
| | - Kentaro Katsuragi
- Integrated Clinical Education Center, Kyoto University Hospital, Japan
| | - Minoru Matsuura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Seno
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan
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30
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Shirakawa K, Izawa H, Sotozaki N, Matsuoka T. The relation with a sleep gene and the life gene. On genetic interaction by the systems biological analysis. Sleep Med 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2017.11.897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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31
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Izawa H, Shirakawa K, Sotozaki N, Matsuoka T. Examination of the method that is most suitable for the influence on sleep in the transplant of the mesenchyma system stem cell and cognitive function and QOL evaluation. Sleep Med 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2017.11.421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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32
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Kawata T, Tada K, Kobayashi M, Sakamoto T, Takiuchi Y, Iwai F, Sakurada M, Hishizawa M, Shirakawa K, Shindo K, Sato H, Takaori-Kondo A. Dual inhibition of the mTORC1 and mTORC2 signaling pathways is a promising therapeutic target for adult T-cell leukemia. Cancer Sci 2017; 109:103-111. [PMID: 29077243 PMCID: PMC5765289 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult T‐cell leukemia (ATL) has a poor prognosis as a result of severe immunosuppression and rapid tumor progression with resistance to conventional chemotherapy. Recent integrated‐genome analysis has revealed mutations in many genes involved in the T‐cell signaling pathway, suggesting that the aberration of this pathway is an important factor in ATL pathogenesis and ATL‐cell proliferation. We screened a siRNA library to examine signaling‐pathway functionality and found that the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway is critical to ATL‐cell proliferation. We therefore investigated the effect of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors, including the dual inhibitors PP242 and AZD8055 and the mTORC1 inhibitors rapamycin and everolimus, on human T‐cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV‐1)‐infected‐cell and ATL‐cell lines. Both dual inhibitors inhibited the proliferation of all tested cell lines by inducing G1‐phase cell‐cycle arrest and subsequent cell apoptosis, whereas the effects of the 2 mTORC1 inhibitors were limited, as they did not induce cell apoptosis. In the ATL‐cell lines and in the primary ATL samples, both dual inhibitors inhibited phosphorylation of AKT at serine‐473, a target of mTORC2, as well as that of S6K, whereas the mTORC1 inhibitors only inhibited mTORC1. Furthermore, AZD8055 more significantly inhibited the in vivo growth of the ATL‐cell xenografts than did everolimus. These results indicate that the PI3K/mTOR pathway is critical to ATL‐cell proliferation and might thus be a new therapeutic target in ATL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahito Kawata
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kohei Tada
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masayuki Kobayashi
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takashi Sakamoto
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoko Takiuchi
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Fumie Iwai
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Maki Sakurada
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masakatsu Hishizawa
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kotaro Shirakawa
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Keisuke Shindo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hironori Sato
- Pathogen Genomics Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akifumi Takaori-Kondo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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33
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Takiuchi Y, Kobayashi M, Tada K, Iwai F, Sakurada M, Hirabayashi S, Nagata K, Shirakawa K, Shindo K, Yasunaga JI, Murakawa Y, Rajapakse V, Pommier Y, Matsuoka M, Takaori-Kondo A. HTLV-1 bZIP factor suppresses TDP1 expression through inhibition of NRF-1 in adult T-cell leukemia. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12849. [PMID: 28993637 PMCID: PMC5634466 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12924-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) is an aggressive T-cell malignancy caused by human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1). We recently reported that abacavir, an anti-HIV-1 drug, potently and selectively kills ATL cells. This effect was attributed to the reduced expression of tyrosyl-DNA-phosphodiesterase 1 (TDP1), a DNA repair enzyme, in ATL cells. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the downregulation of TDP1 in ATL cells remains elusive. Here we identified the core promoter of the TDP1 gene, which contains a conserved nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF-1) binding site. Overexpression of NRF-1 increased TDP1-promoter activity, whereas the introduction of dominant-negative NRF-1 repressed such activity. Overexpression of NRF-1 also upregulated endogenous TDP-1 expression, while introduction of shNRF-1 suppressed TDP1 in Jurkat T cells, making them susceptible to abacavir. These results indicate that NRF-1 is a positive transcriptional regulator of TDP1-gene expression. Importantly, we revealed that HTLV-1 bZIP factor (HBZ) protein which is expressed in all ATL cases physically interacts with NRF-1 and inhibits the DNA-binding ability of NRF-1. Taken together, HBZ suppresses TDP1 expression by inhibiting NRF-1 function in ATL cells. The HBZ/NRF-1/TDP1 axis provides new therapeutic targets against ATL and might explain genomic instability leading to the pathogenesis of ATL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Takiuchi
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-kawaracho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Masayuki Kobayashi
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-kawaracho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.
| | - Kohei Tada
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-kawaracho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Fumie Iwai
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-kawaracho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Maki Sakurada
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-kawaracho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Shigeki Hirabayashi
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-kawaracho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Kayoko Nagata
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-kawaracho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Kotaro Shirakawa
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-kawaracho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Keisuke Shindo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-kawaracho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichirou Yasunaga
- Laboratory of Virus Control, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, 53 Shogoin-kawaracho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Murakawa
- RIKEN Preventive Medicine and Diagnosis Innovation Program, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Vinodh Rajapakse
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch and Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Building 37, Room 5068, Bethesda, MD, 20892-4255, USA
| | - Yves Pommier
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch and Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Building 37, Room 5068, Bethesda, MD, 20892-4255, USA
| | - Masao Matsuoka
- Department of Hematology, Rheumatology and Infectious Disease, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan
| | - Akifumi Takaori-Kondo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-kawaracho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
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34
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Matsui Y, Shindo K, Nagata K, Yoshinaga N, Shirakawa K, Kobayashi M, Takaori-Kondo A. Core Binding Factor β Protects HIV, Type 1 Accessory Protein Viral Infectivity Factor from MDM2-mediated Degradation. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:24892-24899. [PMID: 27758855 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.734673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Revised: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
HIV, type 1 overcomes host restriction factor apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing enzyme catalytic polypeptide-like 3 (APOBEC3) proteins by organizing an E3 ubiquitin ligase complex together with viral infectivity factor (Vif) and a host transcription cofactor core binding factor β (CBFβ). CBFβ is essential for Vif to counteract APOBEC3 by enabling the recruitment of cullin 5 to the complex and increasing the steady-state level of Vif protein; however, the mechanisms by which CBFβ up-regulates Vif protein remains unclear. Because we have reported previously that mouse double minute 2 homolog (MDM2) is an E3 ligase for Vif, we hypothesized that CBFβ might protect Vif from MDM2-mediated degradation. Co-immunoprecipitation analyses showed that Vif mutants that do not bind to CBFβ preferentially interact with MDM2 and that overexpression of CBFβ disrupts the interaction between MDM2 and Vif. Knockdown of CBFβ reduced the steady-state level of Vif in MDM2-proficient cells but not in MDM2-null cells. Cycloheximide chase analyses revealed that Vif E88A/W89A, which does not interact with CBFβ, degraded faster than wild-type Vif in MDM2-proficient cells but not in MDM2-null cells, suggesting that Vif stabilization by CBFβ is mainly caused by impairing MDM2-mediated degradation. We identified Vif R93E as a Vif variant that does not bind to MDM2, and the virus with this substitution mutation was more resistant to APOBEC3G than the parental virus. Combinatory substitution of Vif residues required for CBFβ binding and MDM2 binding showed full recovery of Vif steady-state levels, supporting our hypothesis. Our data provide new insights into the mechanism of Vif augmentation by CBFβ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Matsui
- From the Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Keisuke Shindo
- From the Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Kayoko Nagata
- From the Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Noriyoshi Yoshinaga
- From the Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Kotaro Shirakawa
- From the Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Masayuki Kobayashi
- From the Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Akifumi Takaori-Kondo
- From the Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
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35
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Kishimoto W, Nishikori M, Arima H, Miyoshi H, Sasaki Y, Kitawaki T, Shirakawa K, Kato T, Imaizumi Y, Ishikawa T, Ohno H, Haga H, Ohshima K, Takaori-Kondo A. Expression of Tim-1 in primary CNS lymphoma. Cancer Med 2016; 5:3235-3245. [PMID: 27709813 PMCID: PMC5119979 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Revised: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a distinct subtype of extranodal lymphoma with aggressive clinical course and poor outcome. As increased IL‐10/IL‐6 ratio is recognized in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of PCNSL patients, we hypothesized that PCNSL might originate from a population of B cells with high IL‐10‐producing capacity, an equivalent of “regulatory B cells” in mice. We intended in this study to clarify whether Tim‐1, a molecule known as a marker for regulatory B cells in mice, is expressed in PCNSL. By immunohistochemical analysis, Tim‐1 was shown to be positive in as high as 54.2% of PCNSL (26 of 58 samples), while it was positive in 19.1% of systemic diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) samples (17 of 89 samples; P < 0.001). Tim‐1 expression positively correlated with IL‐10 expression in PCNSL (Cramer's V = 0.55, P < 0.001), and forced expression of Tim‐1 in a PCNSL cell line resulted in increased IL‐10 secretion, suggesting that Tim‐1 is functionally linked with IL‐10 production in PCNSL. Moreover, soluble Tim‐1 was detectable in the CSF of PCNSL patients, and was suggested to parallel disease activity. In summary, PCNSL is characterized by frequent Tim‐1 expression, and its soluble form in CSF may become a useful biomarker for PCNSL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Kishimoto
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Momoko Nishikori
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Arima
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Miyoshi
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Asahimachi, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yuya Sasaki
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Asahimachi, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Toshio Kitawaki
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kotaro Shirakawa
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takeharu Kato
- Department of Hematology, Nagasaki University Hospital, Sakamoto, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Imaizumi
- Department of Hematology, Nagasaki University Hospital, Sakamoto, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Takayuki Ishikawa
- Department of Hematology, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Ohno
- Department of Hematology, Tenri Hospital, Mishima-cho, Tenri, Nara, Japan
| | - Hironori Haga
- Department of Pathology, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Koichi Ohshima
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Asahimachi, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Akifumi Takaori-Kondo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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36
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Maruyama W, Shirakawa K, Matsui H, Matsumoto T, Yamazaki H, Sarca AD, Kazuma Y, Kobayashi M, Shindo K, Takaori-Kondo A. Classical NF-κB pathway is responsible for APOBEC3B expression in cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 478:1466-71. [PMID: 27577680 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.08.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
APOBEC3B (A3B) is a DNA cytosine deaminase and catalyzes cytosine deamination, resulting in mutations in genomic DNA. A3B is aberrantly expressed in a variety of cancers and considered to be a source of genomic mutations that contribute to cancer progression and metastasis. However, the mechanisms through which A3B expression is dysregulated in cancer cells are not fully elucidated. Here we report that the classical NF-κB pathway plays a crucial role in the transcriptional regulation of A3B in various cancer cells, including lymphoid malignancies. PMA, a strong activator of PKC, induces A3B at both mRNA and protein levels in cancer cell lines, and specific inhibitors of both PKC and IKK downregulate A3B expression. Using luciferase reporter and EMSA assays, we identify 3 NF-κΒ binding sites in the A3B promoter and reveal that NF-κB p65/p50 and p65/c-Rel heterodimers are important for A3B transcription. These results suggest that the classical NF-κB pathway is responsible for activation of A3B mRNA expression and further imply that inhibition of PKC and IKK might augment cancer treatment by reducing cancer progression and metastasis through downregulation of A3B expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Maruyama
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kotaro Shirakawa
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Matsui
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tadahiko Matsumoto
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Yamazaki
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Anamaria D Sarca
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kazuma
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masayuki Kobayashi
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Keisuke Shindo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akifumi Takaori-Kondo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
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37
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Yano T, Afroundeh R, Shirakawa K, Lian CS, Shibata K, Xiao Z, Yunoki T. Oscillation in tissue oxygen index during recovery from exercise. Physiol Res 2016; 65:259-69. [PMID: 26447517 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.933044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
It was hypothesized that an oscillation of tissue oxygen index (TOI) determined by near-infrared spectroscopy during recovery from exercise occurs due to feedback control of adenosine triphosphate and that frequency of the oscillation is affected by blood pH. In order to examine these hypotheses, we aimed 1) to determine whether there is an oscillation of TOI during recovery from exercise and 2) to determine the effect of blood pH on frequency of the oscillation of TOI. Three exercises were performed with exercise intensities of 30 % and 70 % peak oxygen uptake (V(.)o(2)peak) for 12 min and with exercise intensity of 70 % V(.)o(2)peak for 30 s. TOI during recovery from the exercise was analyzed by fast Fourier transform in order to obtain power spectra density (PSD). There was a significant difference in the frequency at which maximal PSD of TOI appeared (Fmax) between the exercises with 70 % V(.)o(2)peak for 12 min (0.0039+/-0 Hz) and for 30 s (0.0061+/-0.0028 Hz). However, there was no significant difference in Fmax between the exercises with 30 % (0.0043+/-0.0013 Hz) and with 70 % V(.)o(2)peak for 12 min despite differences in blood pH and blood lactate from the warmed fingertips. It is concluded that there was an oscillation in TOI during recovery from the three exercises. It was not clearly shown that there was an effect of blood pH on Fmax.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Yano
- Department of Human Developmental Sciences, Faculty of Education, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Japan.
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38
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Shirakawa K, Wang L, Man N, Maksimoska J, Sorum AW, Lim HW, Lee IS, Shimazu T, Newman JC, Schröder S, Ott M, Marmorstein R, Meier J, Nimer S, Verdin E. Salicylate, diflunisal and their metabolites inhibit CBP/p300 and exhibit anticancer activity. eLife 2016; 5. [PMID: 27244239 PMCID: PMC4931907 DOI: 10.7554/elife.11156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Salicylate and acetylsalicylic acid are potent and widely used anti-inflammatory drugs. They are thought to exert their therapeutic effects through multiple mechanisms, including the inhibition of cyclo-oxygenases, modulation of NF-κB activity, and direct activation of AMPK. However, the full spectrum of their activities is incompletely understood. Here we show that salicylate specifically inhibits CBP and p300 lysine acetyltransferase activity in vitro by direct competition with acetyl-Coenzyme A at the catalytic site. We used a chemical structure-similarity search to identify another anti-inflammatory drug, diflunisal, that inhibits p300 more potently than salicylate. At concentrations attainable in human plasma after oral administration, both salicylate and diflunisal blocked the acetylation of lysine residues on histone and non-histone proteins in cells. Finally, we found that diflunisal suppressed the growth of p300-dependent leukemia cell lines expressing AML1-ETO fusion protein in vitro and in vivo. These results highlight a novel epigenetic regulatory mechanism of action for salicylate and derivative drugs. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.11156.001 People have been using a chemical called salicylate, which was once extracted from willow tree bark, as medicine for pain, fever and inflammation since ancient Greece. Aspirin is derived from salicylate but is a more potent drug. Aspirin exerts its anti-inflammatory effect by shutting down the activity of proteins that would otherwise boost inflammation. Aspirin achieves this by releasing a chemical marker, called an acetyl group, to be added to these proteins via a process known as protein acetylation. However, salicylate cannot trigger protein acetylation and so it was not clear how it reduces inflammation. An anti-diabetes drug that is converted into salicylate in the body reduces inflammation by inhibiting a protein called NF-κB. In 2001, a group of researchers reported that NF-κB becomes active when an enzyme called p300 adds an acetyl group to it. This raised the question: does salicylate reduce inflammation by blocking, instead of triggering, protein acetylation. Now, Shirakawa et al. – who include a researcher involved in the 2001 study – show that salicylate does indeed block the activity of the p300 enzyme. Shirakawa et al. then searched a database looking for drugs that have salicylate as part of their molecular structure. The search led to a drug called diflunisal, which was even more effective at blocking p300 in laboratory tests. Some cancers, including a blood cancer, rely on p300 to grow; diflunisal was shown to stop this kind of cancer cell from growing, both in the laboratory and in mice. Together, the experiments suggest that salicylate and drugs that share some of its structure might represent useful treatments for certain cancers, as well as other diseases that involve the p300 enzyme. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.11156.002
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Affiliation(s)
- Kotaro Shirakawa
- Gladstone Institutes, University of California, San Francisco, United States.,Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, United States.,Department of Hematology and Oncology, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Lan Wang
- University of Miami, Gables, United States.,Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, United States
| | - Na Man
- University of Miami, Gables, United States.,Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, United States
| | - Jasna Maksimoska
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States.,Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Philadelphia, United States
| | - Alexander W Sorum
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, United States
| | - Hyung W Lim
- Gladstone Institutes, University of California, San Francisco, United States.,Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, United States
| | - Intelly S Lee
- Gladstone Institutes, University of California, San Francisco, United States.,Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, United States
| | - Tadahiro Shimazu
- Gladstone Institutes, University of California, San Francisco, United States.,Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, United States
| | - John C Newman
- Gladstone Institutes, University of California, San Francisco, United States.,Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, United States
| | - Sebastian Schröder
- Gladstone Institutes, University of California, San Francisco, United States.,Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, United States
| | - Melanie Ott
- Gladstone Institutes, University of California, San Francisco, United States.,Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, United States
| | - Ronen Marmorstein
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States.,Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Philadelphia, United States
| | - Jordan Meier
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, United States
| | - Stephen Nimer
- University of Miami, Gables, United States.,Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, United States
| | - Eric Verdin
- Gladstone Institutes, University of California, San Francisco, United States.,Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, United States
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39
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Wiley CD, Velarde MC, Lecot P, Liu S, Sarnoski EA, Freund A, Shirakawa K, Lim HW, Davis SS, Ramanathan A, Gerencser AA, Verdin E, Campisi J. Mitochondrial Dysfunction Induces Senescence with a Distinct Secretory Phenotype. Cell Metab 2016; 23:303-14. [PMID: 26686024 PMCID: PMC4749409 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2015.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 695] [Impact Index Per Article: 86.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Revised: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Cellular senescence permanently arrests cell proliferation, often accompanied by a multi-faceted senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Loss of mitochondrial function can drive age-related declines in the function of many post-mitotic tissues, but little is known about how mitochondrial dysfunction affects mitotic tissues. We show here that several manipulations that compromise mitochondrial function in proliferating human cells induce a senescence growth arrest with a modified SASP that lacks the IL-1-dependent inflammatory arm. Cells that underwent mitochondrial dysfunction-associated senescence (MiDAS) had lower NAD+/NADH ratios, which caused both the growth arrest and prevented the IL-1-associated SASP through AMPK-mediated p53 activation. Progeroid mice that rapidly accrue mtDNA mutations accumulated senescent cells with a MiDAS SASP in vivo, which suppressed adipogenesis and stimulated keratinocyte differentiation in cell culture. Our data identify a distinct senescence response and provide a mechanism by which mitochondrial dysfunction can drive aging phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher D Wiley
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Boulevard, Novato, CA 94945, USA
| | - Michael C Velarde
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Boulevard, Novato, CA 94945, USA
| | - Pacome Lecot
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Boulevard, Novato, CA 94945, USA
| | - Su Liu
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Boulevard, Novato, CA 94945, USA
| | - Ethan A Sarnoski
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Boulevard, Novato, CA 94945, USA; SENS Research Foundation, 110 Pioneer Way, Mountain View, CA 94041, USA
| | - Adam Freund
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Boulevard, Novato, CA 94945, USA
| | - Kotaro Shirakawa
- Gladstone Institutes, University of California San Francisco, 1650 Owens Street, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Hyung W Lim
- Gladstone Institutes, University of California San Francisco, 1650 Owens Street, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Sonnet S Davis
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Boulevard, Novato, CA 94945, USA
| | - Arvind Ramanathan
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Boulevard, Novato, CA 94945, USA
| | - Akos A Gerencser
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Boulevard, Novato, CA 94945, USA
| | - Eric Verdin
- Gladstone Institutes, University of California San Francisco, 1650 Owens Street, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Judith Campisi
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, 8001 Redwood Boulevard, Novato, CA 94945, USA; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
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40
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Yano T, Afroundeh R, Shirakawa K, Lian CS, Shibata K, Xiao Z, Yunoki T. Oscillation of tissue oxygen index in non-exercising muscle during exercise. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 102:274-81. [PMID: 26551743 DOI: 10.1556/036.102.2015.3.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to examine how oscillation of tissue oxygen index (TOI) in non-exercising exercise is affected during high-intensity and low-intensity exercises. Three exercises were performed with exercise intensities of 30% and 70% peak oxygen uptake (Vo(2)peak) for 12 min and with exercise intensity of 70% Vo(2)peak for 30 s. TOI in non-exercising muscle (biceps brachii) during the exercises for 12 min was determined by nearinfrared spectroscopy. TOI in the non-exercising muscle during the exercises was analyzed by fast Fourier transform (FFT) to obtain power spectra density (PSD). The frequency at which maximal PSD appeared (Fmax) during the exercise with 70% Vo(2)peak for 12 min (0.00477 ± 0.00172 Hz) was significantly lower than that during the exercise with 30% Vo2peak for 12 min (0.00781 ± 0.00338 Hz). There were significant differences in blood pH and blood lactate between the exercise with 70% Vo(2)peak and the exercise with 30% Vo(2)peak. It is concluded that TOI in nonexercising muscle oscillates during low-intensity exercise as well as during high-intensity exercise and that the difference in Fmax between the two exercises is associated with the difference in increase in blood lactate derived from the exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Yano
- Department of Human Developmental Sciences, Faculty of Education Hokkaido University , Kita-ku , Japan
| | - R Afroundeh
- Department of Sport Science and Physical Education, Payame Noor University , Tehran , Iran
| | - K Shirakawa
- Graduate School of Education, Hokkaido University , Kita-ku , Japan
| | - C-S Lian
- Graduate School of Education, Hokkaido University , Kita-ku , Japan
| | - K Shibata
- Graduate School of Education, Hokkaido University , Kita-ku , Japan
| | - Z Xiao
- Graduate School of Education, Hokkaido University , Kita-ku , Japan
| | - T Yunoki
- Department of Human Developmental Sciences, Faculty of Education Hokkaido University , Kita-ku , Japan
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41
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Min SW, Chen X, Tracy TE, Li Y, Zhou Y, Wang C, Shirakawa K, Minami SS, Defensor E, Mok SA, Sohn PD, Schilling B, Cong X, Ellerby L, Gibson BW, Johnson J, Krogan N, Shamloo M, Gestwicki J, Masliah E, Verdin E, Gan L. Critical role of acetylation in tau-mediated neurodegeneration and cognitive deficits. Nat Med 2015; 21:1154-62. [PMID: 26390242 PMCID: PMC4598295 DOI: 10.1038/nm.3951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 358] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Tauopathies, including frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD), are neurodegenerative diseases in which tau fibrils accumulate. Recent evidence supports soluble tau species as the major toxic species. How soluble tau accumulates and causes neurodegeneration remains unclear. Here we identify tau acetylation at Lys174 (K174) as an early change in AD brains and a critical determinant in tau homeostasis and toxicity in mice. The acetyl-mimicking mutant K174Q slows tau turnover and induces cognitive deficits in vivo. Acetyltransferase p300-induced tau acetylation is inhibited by salsalate and salicylate, which enhance tau turnover and reduce tau levels. In the PS19 transgenic mouse model of FTD, administration of salsalate after disease onset inhibited p300 activity, lowered levels of total tau and tau acetylated at K174, rescued tau-induced memory deficits and prevented hippocampal atrophy. The tau-lowering and protective effects of salsalate were diminished in neurons expressing K174Q tau. Targeting tau acetylation could be a new therapeutic strategy against human tauopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Won Min
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, San Francisco, California, USA.,Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Xu Chen
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, San Francisco, California, USA.,Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Tara E Tracy
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, San Francisco, California, USA.,Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Yaqiao Li
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Yungui Zhou
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Chao Wang
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, San Francisco, California, USA.,Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Kotaro Shirakawa
- Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - S Sakura Minami
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, San Francisco, California, USA.,Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Erwin Defensor
- Stanford Institute for Neuro-Innovation and Translational Neurosciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Sue Ann Mok
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Peter Dongmin Sohn
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, San Francisco, California, USA.,Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | | | - Xin Cong
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California, USA
| | - Lisa Ellerby
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California, USA
| | | | - Jeffrey Johnson
- Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Nevan Krogan
- Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Mehrdad Shamloo
- Stanford Institute for Neuro-Innovation and Translational Neurosciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Jason Gestwicki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Eliezer Masliah
- Department of Neuroscience, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Eric Verdin
- Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Li Gan
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, San Francisco, California, USA.,Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.,Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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42
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Kikuchi Y, Shirakawa K, Kanauchi H, Wakeda T, Niwa T, Nishioka K, Tada K, Uchida Y, Seto Y. 1873 A retrospective multicenter observation study about comparative analysis on efficacy of eribulin mesylate with taxane regimens (including combination with bevacizumab) in metastatic breast cancer patients. Eur J Cancer 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(16)30823-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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43
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Yano T, Widjaja W, Shirakawa K, Lian CS, Xiao Z, Yunoki T. Coherence between tissue oxygen indexes in vastus lateralis and gastrocnemius in repetition of impulse exercise with high intensity. Acta Physiol Hung 2015; 102:189-196. [PMID: 26100308 DOI: 10.1556/036.102.2015.2.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine whether tissue oxygen indices (TOIs) in two muscle groups oscillated and were synchronized in repetition of impulse exercise with high intensity. Five impulse exercises of 400 watts for 10 s were repeated with intervals of 6 min. During this period, TOI was determined by near-infrared spectroscopy in the vastus lateralis and gastrocnemius muscles. TOIs in the two muscles oscillated at rest. The TOIs rapidly decreased during each impulse exercise and then recovered and overshot after each impulse. The TOIs oscillated during each interval period. During this test period, coherent and phase differences were determined. There was high coherence between TOIs in the two muscles with a peak value at 0.019 Hz. There was a phase difference of -45 ± 32.4 degrees between TOIs in the two muscles. This phase difference corresponded to about 6 s in time scale. It seemed from this time delay that impulse exercise was not a trigger factor for the starting point of TOIs in the two muscles. It has been concluded that TOIs oscillate and are synchronized between two muscles in repetition of impulse exercise with high intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Yano
- Department of Human Developmental Sciences, Faculty of Education, Hokkaido University , Sapporo, Kita-ku , Japan
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44
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Lim HW, Kang SG, Ryu JK, Schilling B, Fei M, Lee IS, Kehasse A, Shirakawa K, Yokoyama M, Schnölzer M, Kasler HG, Kwon HS, Gibson BW, Sato H, Akassoglou K, Xiao C, Littman DR, Ott M, Verdin E. SIRT1 deacetylates RORγt and enhances Th17 cell generation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 212:973. [PMID: 25987725 PMCID: PMC4451124 DOI: 10.1084/jem.2013237805062015c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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45
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Lim HW, Kang SG, Ryu JK, Schilling B, Fei M, Lee IS, Kehasse A, Shirakawa K, Yokoyama M, Schnölzer M, Kasler HG, Kwon HS, Gibson BW, Sato H, Akassoglou K, Xiao C, Littman DR, Ott M, Verdin E. SIRT1 deacetylates RORγt and enhances Th17 cell generation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 212:607-17. [PMID: 25918343 PMCID: PMC4419343 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20132378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Accepted: 04/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Lim et al. demonstrate that protein deacetylase, Sirtuin 1, promotes autoimmunity by deacetylating RORγt increasing its transcriptional activity and promoting Th17 differentiation and function. Blockade or loss of Sirtuin 1 results in protection from multiple sclerosis-like disease in mice. The balance of effector and regulatory T cell function, dependent on multiple signals and epigenetic regulators, is critical to immune self-tolerance. Dysregulation of T helper 17 (Th17) effector cells is associated with multiple autoimmune diseases, including multiple sclerosis. Here, we report that Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), a protein deacetylase previously reported to have an antiinflammatory function, in fact promotes autoimmunity by deacetylating RORγt, the signature transcription factor of Th17 cells. SIRT1 increases RORγt transcriptional activity, enhancing Th17 cell generation and function. Both T cell–specific Sirt1 deletion and treatment with pharmacologic SIRT1 inhibitors suppress Th17 differentiation and are protective in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis. Moreover, analysis of infiltrating cell populations during disease induction in mixed hematopoietic chimeras shows a marked bias against Sirt1-deficient Th17 cells. These findings reveal an unexpected proinflammatory role of SIRT1 and, importantly, support the possible therapeutic use of SIRT1 inhibitors against autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung W Lim
- Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, School of Medecine, Department of Neurology, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158 Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, School of Medecine, Department of Neurology, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158
| | - Seung Goo Kang
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Jae Kyu Ryu
- Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, School of Medecine, Department of Neurology, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158
| | | | - Mingjian Fei
- Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, School of Medecine, Department of Neurology, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158 Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, School of Medecine, Department of Neurology, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158
| | - Intelly S Lee
- Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, School of Medecine, Department of Neurology, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158 Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, School of Medecine, Department of Neurology, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158
| | | | - Kotaro Shirakawa
- Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, School of Medecine, Department of Neurology, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158 Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, School of Medecine, Department of Neurology, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158
| | - Masaru Yokoyama
- Laboratory of Viral Genomics, Pathogen Genomics Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan
| | | | - Herbert G Kasler
- Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, School of Medecine, Department of Neurology, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158 Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, School of Medecine, Department of Neurology, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158
| | - Hye-Sook Kwon
- Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, School of Medecine, Department of Neurology, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158 Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, School of Medecine, Department of Neurology, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158
| | - Bradford W Gibson
- Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, School of Medecine, Department of Neurology, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158 Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA 94945
| | - Hironori Sato
- Laboratory of Viral Genomics, Pathogen Genomics Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan
| | - Katerina Akassoglou
- Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, School of Medecine, Department of Neurology, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158 Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, School of Medecine, Department of Neurology, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158
| | - Changchun Xiao
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Dan R Littman
- Molecular Pathogenesis Program, The Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine of the Skirball Institute, The Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016 Molecular Pathogenesis Program, The Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine of the Skirball Institute, The Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
| | - Melanie Ott
- Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, School of Medecine, Department of Neurology, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158 Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, School of Medecine, Department of Neurology, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158
| | - Eric Verdin
- Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, School of Medecine, Department of Neurology, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158 Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, School of Medecine, Department of Neurology, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158
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Yamazaki H, Kondo T, Tatsumi G, Kotani SI, Arai Y, Shirakawa K, Kitano T, Hishizawa M, Kadowaki N, Takaori-Kondo A. [Successful treatment with recombinant thrombomodulin for disseminated intravascular coagulation complicated with hemophagocytic syndrome]. Rinsho Ketsueki 2015; 56:312-6. [PMID: 25876785 DOI: 10.11406/rinketsu.56.312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Recombinant human thrombomodulin (rTM) improves the blood coagulation disorder characteristic of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) as well as, or even better than, other anti-DIC drugs. On post-marketing surveillance, its effectiveness has been recognized for hematologic disorders, sepsis and solid tumor subgroups. However, the effect on hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS) complicated by DIC remains unclear. We treated three HPS patients with rTM in addition to chemotherapy for the underlying diseases including nasal NK/T cell lymphoma, angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma and refractory acute myeloid leukemia post cord blood transplantation. Although being refractory to medical management was suspected in our cases, clinical status rapidly came under control including not only amelioration of the blood coagulation disorder but also inflammatory reactions, such as serum ferritin and lactic acid dehydrogenase abnormalities, which represent HPS activity. These observations suggest that rTM might exert marked synergistic effects on HPS with DIC. Given the results obtained in these three cases, administration of rTM appears to offer a promising method of treating HPS complicated by DIC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Yamazaki
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University
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47
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Tada K, Kobayashi M, Takiuchi Y, Iwai F, Sakamoto T, Nagata K, Shinohara M, Io K, Shirakawa K, Hishizawa M, Shindo K, Kadowaki N, Hirota K, Yamamoto J, Iwai S, Sasanuma H, Takeda S, Takaori-Kondo A. Abacavir, an anti-HIV-1 drug, targets TDP1-deficient adult T cell leukemia. Sci Adv 2015; 1:e1400203. [PMID: 26601161 PMCID: PMC4640626 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1400203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 03/29/2015] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Adult T cell leukemia (ATL) is an aggressive T cell malignancy caused by human T cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) and has a poor prognosis. We analyzed the cytotoxic effects of various nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) for HIV-1 on ATL cells and found that abacavir potently and selectively kills ATL cells. Although NRTIs have minimal genotoxicities on host cells, the therapeutic concentration of abacavir induced numerous DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) in the chromosomal DNA of ATL cells. DSBs persisted over time in ATL cells but not in other cell lines, suggesting impaired DNA repair. We found that the reduced expression of tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1 (TDP1), a repair enzyme, is attributable to the cytotoxic effect of abacavir on ATL cells. We also showed that TDP1 removes abacavir from DNA ends in vitro. These results suggest a model in which ATL cells with reduced TDP1 expression are unable to excise abacavir incorporated into genomic DNA, leading to irreparable DSBs. On the basis of the above mechanism, we propose abacavir as a promising chemotherapeutic agent for ATL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Tada
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-kawaracho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Masayuki Kobayashi
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-kawaracho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
- Corresponding author: E-mail: (M.K.); (A.T.-K.)
| | - Yoko Takiuchi
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-kawaracho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Fumie Iwai
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-kawaracho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Takashi Sakamoto
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-kawaracho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Kayoko Nagata
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-kawaracho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Masanobu Shinohara
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-kawaracho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Io
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-kawaracho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Kotaro Shirakawa
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-kawaracho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Masakatsu Hishizawa
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-kawaracho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Keisuke Shindo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-kawaracho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Norimitsu Kadowaki
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-kawaracho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Kouji Hirota
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami-Osawa, Hachioji-shi, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Junpei Yamamoto
- Division of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Shigenori Iwai
- Division of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Sasanuma
- Department of Radiation Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Shunichi Takeda
- Department of Radiation Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Akifumi Takaori-Kondo
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-kawaracho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
- Corresponding author: E-mail: (M.K.); (A.T.-K.)
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48
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Yano T, Lian CS, Afroundeh R, Shirakawa K, Yunoki T. Muscle pump in the vastus lateralis in the supine position in light prolonged exercise. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2015; 55:37-42. [PMID: 25369271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
AIM The purpose of this study was to examine whether the muscle pump in the supine position is attenuated during light prolonged exercise. METHODS After rest for 5 min, constant-load exercise with 50% of peak oxygen uptake (VO2) determined by incremental exercises in the supine position was performed for 60 min with a pedaling rate of 60 rpm. Total hemoglobin and myoglobin (total Hb) in the vastus lateralis was determined by using a near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) system. The instrument was operating at 2 Hz. VO2, heart rate (HR), mean blood pressure (MBP) and muscle deep temperature (Tm) were measured in the constant-load exercise. RESULTS After an increase at the onset of exercise, VO2 showed a steady state, HR showed a significant gradual increase and MBP significantly decreased. After an increase until 20 min of exercise, Tm showed a steady state. Level of total Hb increased until 20 min and showed a steady state in all subjects. Average Tm was significantly related to average total Hb (r=0.978). Total Hb oscillated, but its oscillation occasionally disappeared. Peak amplitude of oscillation in total Hb for 30 s after the start of exercise was significantly higher than that for 1 min before the end of exercise. CONCLUSION The results suggest that the muscle pump operates in light exercise but is attenuated in the vastus lateralis in the supine position at the late phase of prolonged exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Yano
- Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Education, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan -
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49
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Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to examine 1) whether O(2) uptake (VO(2)) oscillates during light exercise and 2) whether the oscillation is enhanced after impulse exercise. After resting for 1 min on a bicycle seat, subjects performed 5-min pre-exercise with 25 watts work load, 10-s impulse exercise with 200 watts work load and 15-min post exercise with 25 watts work load at 80 rpm. VO(2) during pre-exercise significantly increased during impulse exercise and suddenly decreased and re-increased until 23 s after impulse exercise. In the cross correlation between heart rate (HR) and VO(2) after impulse exercise, VO(2) strongly correlated to HR with a time delay of -4 s. Peak of power spectral density (PSD) in HR appeared at 0.0039 Hz and peak of PSD in VO(2) appeared at 0.019 Hz. The peak of the cross power spectrum between VO(2) and HR appeared at 0.0078 Hz. The results suggested that there is an oscillation in O(2) uptake during light exercise that is associated with the oscillation in O(2) consumption in active muscle. The oscillation is enhanced not only by change in O(2) consumption but also by O(2) content transported from active muscle to the lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Yano
- Hokkaido University Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Education Kita-ku, Sapporo Japan
| | - R Afroundeh
- Hokkaido University Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Education Kita-ku, Sapporo Japan
| | - R Yamanaka
- Hokkaido University Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Education Kita-ku, Sapporo Japan
| | - T Arimitsu
- Hokkaido University Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Education Kita-ku, Sapporo Japan
| | - C S Lian
- Hokkaido University Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Education Kita-ku, Sapporo Japan
| | - K Shirakawa
- Hokkaido University Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Education Kita-ku, Sapporo Japan
| | - T Yunoki
- Hokkaido University Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Education Kita-ku, Sapporo Japan
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50
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Afroundeh R, Arimitsu T, Yamanaka R, Lian CS, Shirakawa K, Yunoki T, Yano T. Effect of work intensity on time delay in mediation of ventilation by arterial carbon dioxide during recovery from impulse exercise. Physiol Res 2014; 63:457-63. [PMID: 24702492 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.932632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Time delay in the mediation of ventilation (V(.)E) by arterial CO(2) pressure (PaCO(2)) was studied during recovery from short impulse-like exercises with different work loads of recovery. Subjects performed two tests including 10-s impulse like exercise with work load of 200 watts and 15-min recovery with 25 watts in test one and 50 watts in test two. V(.)E, end tidal CO(2) pressure (PETCO(2)) and heart rate (HR) were measured continuously during rest, warming up, exercise and recovery. PaCO(2) was estimated from PETCO(2) and tidal volume (V(T)). Results showed that predicted arterial CO(2) pressure (PaCO(2 pre)) increased during recovery in both tests. In both tests, V(.)E increased and peaked at the end of exercise. V(.)E decreased in the first few seconds of recovery but started to increase again. The highest correlation coefficient between PaCO(2 pre) and V(.)E was obtained in the time delay of 7 s (r=0.854) in test one and in time delays of 6 s (r=0.451) and 31 s (r=0.567) in test two. HR was significantly higher in test two than in test one. These results indicate that PaCO(2 pre) drives V(.)E with a time delay and that higher work intensity induces a shorter time delay.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Afroundeh
- Department of Sport Science and Physical Education, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran, Department of Human Development Science, Faculty of Education, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
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