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Smimmo M, Casale V, Casillo GM, Mitidieri E, d'Emmanuele di Villa Bianca R, Bello I, Schettino A, Montanaro R, Brancaleone V, Indolfi C, Cirino G, Di Lorenzo A, Bucci M, Panza E, Vellecco V. Hydrogen sulfide dysfunction in metabolic syndrome-associated vascular complications involves cGMP regulation through soluble guanylyl cyclase persulfidation. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 174:116466. [PMID: 38552439 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Here, by using in vitro and ex vivo approaches, we elucidate the impairment of the hydrogen sulfide (H2S) pathway in vascular complications associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS). In the in vitro model simulating hyperlipidemic/hyperglycemic conditions, we observe significant hallmarks of endothelial dysfunction, including eNOS/NO signaling impairment, ROS overproduction, and a reduction in CSE-derived H2S. Transitioning to an ex vivo model using db/db mice, a genetic MetS model, we identify a downregulation of CBS and CSE expression in aorta, coupled with a diminished L-cysteine-induced vasorelaxation. Molecular mechanisms of eNOS/NO signaling impairment, dissected using pharmacological and molecular approaches, indicate an altered eNOS/Cav-1 ratio, along with reduced Ach- and Iso-induced vasorelaxation and increased L-NIO-induced contraction. In vivo treatment with the H2S donor Erucin ameliorates vascular dysfunction observed in db/db mice without impacting eNOS, further highlighting a specific action on smooth muscle component rather than the endothelium. Analyzing the NO signaling pathway in db/db mice aortas, reduced cGMP levels were detected, implicating a defective sGC/cGMP signaling. In vivo Erucin administration restores cGMP content. This beneficial effect involves an increased sGC activity, due to enzyme persulfidation observed in sGC overexpressed cells, coupled with PDE5 inhibition. In conclusion, our study demonstrates a pivotal role of reduced cGMP levels in impaired vasorelaxation in a murine model of MetS involving an impairment of both H2S and NO signaling. Exogenous H2S supplementation through Erucin represents a promising alternative in MetS therapy, targeting smooth muscle cells and supporting the importance of lifestyle and nutrition in managing MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Smimmo
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - V Casale
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - G M Casillo
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - E Mitidieri
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - I Bello
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - A Schettino
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - R Montanaro
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Potenza, Italy
| | - V Brancaleone
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Potenza, Italy
| | - C Indolfi
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - G Cirino
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - A Di Lorenzo
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Center for Vascular Biology, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, USA
| | - M Bucci
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
| | - E Panza
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - V Vellecco
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Rebelos E, Latva-Rasku A, Koskensalo K, Pekkarinen L, Saukko E, Ihalainen J, Honka MJ, Tuisku J, Bucci M, Laurila S, Rajander J, Salminen P, Nummenmaa L, Jansen JFA, Ferrannini E, Nuutila P. Insulin-stimulated brain glucose uptake correlates with brain metabolites in severe obesity: A combined neuroimaging study. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2024; 44:407-418. [PMID: 37824728 PMCID: PMC10870965 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x231207114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
The human brain undergoes metabolic adaptations in obesity, but the underlying mechanisms have remained largely unknown. We compared concentrations of often reported brain metabolites measured with magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS, 3 T MRI) in the occipital lobe in subjects with obesity and lean controls under different metabolic conditions (fasting, insulin clamp, following weight loss). Brain glucose uptake (BGU) quantified with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (18F-FDG-PET)) was also performed in a subset of subjects during clamp. In dataset A, 48 participants were studied during fasting with brain 1H-MRS, while in dataset B 21 participants underwent paired brain 1H-MRS acquisitions under fasting and clamp conditions. In dataset C 16 subjects underwent brain 18F-FDG-PET and 1H-MRS during clamp. In the fasting state, total N-acetylaspartate was lower in subjects with obesity, while brain myo-inositol increased in response to hyperinsulinemia similarly in both lean participants and subjects with obesity. During clamp, BGU correlated positively with brain glutamine/glutamate, total choline, and total creatine levels. Following weight loss, brain creatine levels were increased, whereas increases in other metabolites remained not significant. To conclude, insulin signaling and glucose metabolism are significantly coupled with several of the changes in brain metabolites that occur in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Rebelos
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council (CNR), Pisa, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Aino Latva-Rasku
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Endocrinology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Kalle Koskensalo
- Department of Medical Physics, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Laura Pekkarinen
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Endocrinology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Ekaterina Saukko
- Department of Radiology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Jukka Ihalainen
- Turku PET Centre, Accelerator Laboratory, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Jouni Tuisku
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Marco Bucci
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Theme Inflammation and Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sanna Laurila
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Johan Rajander
- Turku PET Centre, Accelerator Laboratory, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Paulina Salminen
- Department of Digestive Surgery and Urology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Department of Surgery, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Lauri Nummenmaa
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Psychology University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Jacobus FA Jansen
- Department of Radiology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Ele Ferrannini
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council (CNR), Pisa, Italy
| | - Pirjo Nuutila
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Endocrinology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
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Bucci M, Rebelos E, Oikonen V, Rinne J, Nummenmaa L, Iozzo P, Nuutila P. Kinetic Modeling of Brain [ 18-F]FDG Positron Emission Tomography Time Activity Curves with Input Function Recovery (IR) Method. Metabolites 2024; 14:114. [PMID: 38393006 PMCID: PMC10890269 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14020114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Accurate positron emission tomography (PET) data quantification relies on high-quality input plasma curves, but venous blood sampling may yield poor-quality data, jeopardizing modeling outcomes. In this study, we aimed to recover sub-optimal input functions by using information from the tail (5th-100th min) of curves obtained through the frequent sampling protocol and an input recovery (IR) model trained with reference curves of optimal shape. Initially, we included 170 plasma input curves from eight published studies with clamp [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose PET exams. Model validation involved 78 brain PET studies for which compartmental model (CM) analysis was feasible (reference (ref) + training sets). Recovered curves were compared with original curves using area under curve (AUC), max peak standardized uptake value (maxSUV). CM parameters (ref + training sets) and fractional uptake rate (FUR) (all sets) were computed. Original and recovered curves from the ref set had comparable AUC (d = 0.02, not significant (NS)), maxSUV (d = 0.05, NS) and comparable brain CM results (NS). Recovered curves from the training set were different from the original according to maxSUV (d = 3) and biologically plausible according to the max theoretical K1 (53//56). Brain CM results were different in the training set (p < 0.05 for all CM parameters and brain regions) but not in the ref set. FUR showed reductions similarly in the recovered curves of the training and test sets compared to the original curves (p < 0.05 for all regions for both sets). The IR method successfully recovered the plasma inputs of poor quality, rescuing cases otherwise excluded from the kinetic modeling results. The validation approach proved useful and can be applied to different tracers and metabolic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Bucci
- Turku PET Centre, Turku University Hospital, 20521 Turku, Finland
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, 20521 Turku, Finland
- Turku PET Centre, Åbo Akademi University, 20521 Turku, Finland
- Theme Inflammation and Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Center for Alzheimer Research, Karolinska University, SE-141 84 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eleni Rebelos
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, 20521 Turku, Finland
| | - Vesa Oikonen
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, 20521 Turku, Finland
| | - Juha Rinne
- Turku PET Centre, Turku University Hospital, 20521 Turku, Finland
| | - Lauri Nummenmaa
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, 20521 Turku, Finland
- Department of Psychology, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Patricia Iozzo
- Institute of Clinical Physiology (IFC), National Research Council (CNR), 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Pirjo Nuutila
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, 20521 Turku, Finland
- Department of Endocrinology, Turku University Hospital, 20521 Turku, Finland
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Bucci M, Nordberg A. Multidomain preventive intervention trials and plasma biomarkers. Lancet Healthy Longev 2024; 5:e88-e89. [PMID: 38310899 DOI: 10.1016/s2666-7568(24)00006-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Bucci
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Centre for Alzheimer Research, Karolinska Institutet, SE-14183, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden; Theme Inflammation and Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-14186, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Agneta Nordberg
- Theme Inflammation and Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-14186, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Centre for Alzheimer Research, Karolinska Institutet, SE-14183, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
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Ferrarese A, Bucci M, Zanetto A, Senzolo M, Germani G, Gambato M, Russo FP, Burra P. Prognostic models in end stage liver disease. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol 2023; 67:101866. [PMID: 38103926 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpg.2023.101866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Cirrhosis is a major cause of death worldwide, and is associated with significant health care costs. Even if milestones have been recently reached in understanding and managing end-stage liver disease (ESLD), the disease course remains somewhat difficult to prognosticate. These difficulties have already been acknowledged already in the past, when scores instead of single parameters have been proposed as valuable tools for short-term prognosis. These standard scores, like Child Turcotte Pugh (CTP) and model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score, relying on biochemical and clinical parameters, are still widely used in clinical practice to predict short- and medium-term prognosis. The MELD score, which remains an accurate, easy-to-use, objective predictive score, has received significant modifications over time, in order to improve its performance especially in the liver transplant (LT) setting, where it is widely used as prioritization tool. Although many attempts to improve prognostic accuracy have failed because of lack of replicability or poor benefit with the comparator (often the MELD score or its variants), few scores have been recently proposed and validated especially for subgroups of patients with ESLD, as those with acute-on-chronic liver failure. Artificial intelligence will probably help hepatologists in the near future to fill the current gaps in predicting disease course and long-term prognosis of such patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ferrarese
- Gastroenterology and Multivisceral Transplant Unit, Padua University Hospital, 2, Giustiniani Street, 35122, Padua, Italy
| | - M Bucci
- Gastroenterology and Multivisceral Transplant Unit, Padua University Hospital, 2, Giustiniani Street, 35122, Padua, Italy
| | - A Zanetto
- Gastroenterology and Multivisceral Transplant Unit, Padua University Hospital, 2, Giustiniani Street, 35122, Padua, Italy
| | - M Senzolo
- Gastroenterology and Multivisceral Transplant Unit, Padua University Hospital, 2, Giustiniani Street, 35122, Padua, Italy
| | - G Germani
- Gastroenterology and Multivisceral Transplant Unit, Padua University Hospital, 2, Giustiniani Street, 35122, Padua, Italy
| | - M Gambato
- Gastroenterology and Multivisceral Transplant Unit, Padua University Hospital, 2, Giustiniani Street, 35122, Padua, Italy
| | - F P Russo
- Gastroenterology and Multivisceral Transplant Unit, Padua University Hospital, 2, Giustiniani Street, 35122, Padua, Italy
| | - P Burra
- Gastroenterology and Multivisceral Transplant Unit, Padua University Hospital, 2, Giustiniani Street, 35122, Padua, Italy.
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Oeckl P, Bluma M, Bucci M, Halbgebauer S, Chiotis K, Sandebring-Matton A, Ashton NJ, Molfetta GD, Grötschel L, Kivipelto M, Blennow K, Zetterberg H, Savitcheva I, Nordberg A, Otto M. Blood β-synuclein is related to amyloid PET positivity in memory clinic patients. Alzheimers Dement 2023; 19:4896-4907. [PMID: 37052206 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION β-synuclein is an emerging blood biomarker to study synaptic degeneration in Alzheimer´s disease (AD), but its relation to amyloid-β (Αβ) pathology is unclear. METHODS We investigated the association of plasma β-synuclein levels with [18F] flutemetamol positron emission tomography (PET) in patients with AD dementia (n = 51), mild cognitive impairment (MCI-Aβ+ n = 18, MCI- Aβ- n = 30), non-AD dementias (n = 22), and non-demented controls (n = 5). RESULTS Plasma β-synuclein levels were higher in Aβ+ (AD dementia, MCI-Aβ+) than in Aβ- subjects (non-AD dementias, MCI-Aβ-) with good discrimination of Aβ+ from Aβ- subjects and prediction of Aβ status in MCI individuals. A positive correlation between plasma β-synuclein and Aβ PET was observed in multiple cortical regions across all lobes. DISCUSSION Plasma β-synuclein demonstrated discriminative properties for Aβ PET positive and negative subjects. Our data underline that β-synuclein is not a direct marker of Aβ pathology and suggest different longitudinal dynamics of synaptic degeneration versus amyloid deposition across the AD continuum. HIGHLIGHTS Blood and CSF β-synuclein levels are higher in Aβ+ than in Aβ- subjects. Blood β-synuclein level correlates with amyloid PET positivity in multiple regions. Blood β-synuclein predicts Aβ status in MCI individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Oeckl
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases e.V. (DZNE), Ulm, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Marina Bluma
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marco Bucci
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Theme Inflammation and Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Steffen Halbgebauer
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases e.V. (DZNE), Ulm, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Konstantinos Chiotis
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Neurology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Sandebring-Matton
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nicholas J Ashton
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Guglielmo Di Molfetta
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Lana Grötschel
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Miia Kivipelto
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Theme Inflammation and Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London, UK
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hong Kong, China
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Irina Savitcheva
- Medical Radiation Physics and Nuclear Medicine, Karolinska University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Agneta Nordberg
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Theme Inflammation and Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Markus Otto
- Department of Neurology, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
- University Clinic and Polyclinic for Neurology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
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Zanetto A, Pelizzaro F, Mion MM, Bucci M, Ferrarese A, Simioni P, Basso D, Burra P, Senzolo M. Toward a more precise prognostic stratification in acute decompensation of cirrhosis: The Padua model 2.0. United European Gastroenterol J 2023; 11:815-824. [PMID: 37792602 PMCID: PMC10637119 DOI: 10.1002/ueg2.12472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The clinical course of acutely decompensated cirrhosis (AD) is heterogeneous. Presepsin (PSP) is a plasmatic biomarker that reflects Toll-like receptor activity and systemic inflammation. We conducted a prospective study to: (1) measure PSP in AD and (2) assess whether PSP in AD can predict the development of acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF). METHODS Patients with AD were prospectively recruited at admission and underwent determination of PSP. In study part 1, we compared PSP in AD versus controls (stable decompensated and compensated cirrhosis). In study part 2, we prospectively followed patients with AD for 1 year and evaluated predictors of ACLF. RESULTS One hundred and seventy three patients with AD were included (median MELD: 18; CLIF-C AD score: 54). Compared with controls, patients with AD had higher levels of PSP (674 ng/L vs. 310 ng/L vs. 157 ng/L; p < 0.001). In patients with AD, Child-Pugh C and acute kidney injury were associated with higher levels of PSP. During the follow-up, 52 patients developed ACLF (median time from recruitment: 66 days). PSP, CLIF-C AD score, and Child-Pugh stage were independently associated with ACLF. A predictive model combining these variables (Padua model 2.0) accurately identified patients at higher risk of ACLF (AUROC 0.864; 95% CI 0.780-0.947; sensitivity 82.9%, specificity 76.7%). In patients at lower risk of ACLF based on a CLIF-C AD <50, a PSP >674 ng/L could discriminate between two groups at significantly different risk of ACLF. Finally, in patients who did not develop ACLF, baseline PSP was significantly higher in those who progressed toward unstable versus stable decompensated cirrhosis. CONCLUSION The Padua model 2.0 can be used to identify patients with AD at high risk of ACLF. If these results are validated by external cohorts, PSP could become a new biomarker to improve risk stratification in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Zanetto
- Gastroenterology and Multivisceral Transplant UnitAzienda Ospedale ‐ Università PadovaPadovaItaly
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and GastroenterologyUniversity of PadovaPadovaItaly
| | - Filippo Pelizzaro
- Gastroenterology and Multivisceral Transplant UnitAzienda Ospedale ‐ Università PadovaPadovaItaly
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and GastroenterologyUniversity of PadovaPadovaItaly
| | - Monica Maria Mion
- Department of Laboratory MedicinePadova University HospitalPadovaItaly
| | - Marco Bucci
- Gastroenterology and Multivisceral Transplant UnitAzienda Ospedale ‐ Università PadovaPadovaItaly
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and GastroenterologyUniversity of PadovaPadovaItaly
| | - Alberto Ferrarese
- Unit of GastroenterologyBorgo Trento University Hospital of VeronaVeronaItaly
| | - Paolo Simioni
- General Internal Medicine and Thrombotic and Hemorrhagic Diseases UnitDepartment of MedicinePadova University HospitalPadovaItaly
| | - Daniela Basso
- Department of Laboratory MedicinePadova University HospitalPadovaItaly
| | - Patrizia Burra
- Gastroenterology and Multivisceral Transplant UnitAzienda Ospedale ‐ Università PadovaPadovaItaly
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and GastroenterologyUniversity of PadovaPadovaItaly
| | - Marco Senzolo
- Gastroenterology and Multivisceral Transplant UnitAzienda Ospedale ‐ Università PadovaPadovaItaly
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and GastroenterologyUniversity of PadovaPadovaItaly
- Health Care Provider of the European Reference Network on Rare Liver Disorders (ERN‐Liver)Padova University HospitalPadovaItaly
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Martelli A, d'Emmanuele di Villa Bianca R, Cirino G, Sorrentino R, Calderone V, Bucci M. Hydrogen sulfide and sulfaceutic or sulfanutraceutic agents: Classification, differences and relevance in preclinical and clinical studies. Pharmacol Res 2023; 196:106947. [PMID: 37797660 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been extensively studied as a signal molecule in the body for the past 30 years. Researchers have conducted studies using both natural and synthetic sources of H2S, known as H2S donors, which have different characteristics in terms of how they release H2S. These donors can be inorganic salts or have various organic structures. In recent years, certain types of sulfur compounds found naturally in foods have been characterized as H2S donors and explored for their potential health benefits. These compounds are referred to as "sulfanutraceuticals," a term that combines "nutrition" and "pharmaceutical". It is used to describe products derived from food sources that offer additional health advantages. By introducing the terms "sulfaceuticals" and "sulfanutraceuticals," we categorize sulfur-containing substances based on their origin and their use in both preclinical and clinical research, as well as in dietary supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Martelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; Interdepartmental Research Center "Nutrafood: Nutraceutica e Alimentazione per la Salute", University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; Interdepartmental Research Center "Biology and Pathology of Ageing", University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - R d'Emmanuele di Villa Bianca
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - G Cirino
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - R Sorrentino
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, School of Medicine, University of Naples, Federico II, Via Pansini, 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - V Calderone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; Interdepartmental Research Center "Nutrafood: Nutraceutica e Alimentazione per la Salute", University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; Interdepartmental Research Center "Biology and Pathology of Ageing", University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
| | - M Bucci
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
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Schaper FLWVJ, Nordberg J, Cohen AL, Lin C, Hsu J, Horn A, Ferguson MA, Siddiqi SH, Drew W, Soussand L, Winkler AM, Simó M, Bruna J, Rheims S, Guenot M, Bucci M, Nummenmaa L, Staals J, Colon AJ, Ackermans L, Bubrick EJ, Peters JM, Wu O, Rost NS, Grafman J, Blumenfeld H, Temel Y, Rouhl RPW, Joutsa J, Fox MD. Mapping Lesion-Related Epilepsy to a Human Brain Network. JAMA Neurol 2023; 80:891-902. [PMID: 37399040 PMCID: PMC10318550 DOI: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2023.1988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Importance It remains unclear why lesions in some locations cause epilepsy while others do not. Identifying the brain regions or networks associated with epilepsy by mapping these lesions could inform prognosis and guide interventions. Objective To assess whether lesion locations associated with epilepsy map to specific brain regions and networks. Design, Setting, and Participants This case-control study used lesion location and lesion network mapping to identify the brain regions and networks associated with epilepsy in a discovery data set of patients with poststroke epilepsy and control patients with stroke. Patients with stroke lesions and epilepsy (n = 76) or no epilepsy (n = 625) were included. Generalizability to other lesion types was assessed using 4 independent cohorts as validation data sets. The total numbers of patients across all datasets (both discovery and validation datasets) were 347 with epilepsy and 1126 without. Therapeutic relevance was assessed using deep brain stimulation sites that improve seizure control. Data were analyzed from September 2018 through December 2022. All shared patient data were analyzed and included; no patients were excluded. Main Outcomes and Measures Epilepsy or no epilepsy. Results Lesion locations from 76 patients with poststroke epilepsy (39 [51%] male; mean [SD] age, 61.0 [14.6] years; mean [SD] follow-up, 6.7 [2.0] years) and 625 control patients with stroke (366 [59%] male; mean [SD] age, 62.0 [14.1] years; follow-up range, 3-12 months) were included in the discovery data set. Lesions associated with epilepsy occurred in multiple heterogenous locations spanning different lobes and vascular territories. However, these same lesion locations were part of a specific brain network defined by functional connectivity to the basal ganglia and cerebellum. Findings were validated in 4 independent cohorts including 772 patients with brain lesions (271 [35%] with epilepsy; 515 [67%] male; median [IQR] age, 60 [50-70] years; follow-up range, 3-35 years). Lesion connectivity to this brain network was associated with increased risk of epilepsy after stroke (odds ratio [OR], 2.82; 95% CI, 2.02-4.10; P < .001) and across different lesion types (OR, 2.85; 95% CI, 2.23-3.69; P < .001). Deep brain stimulation site connectivity to this same network was associated with improved seizure control (r, 0.63; P < .001) in 30 patients with drug-resistant epilepsy (21 [70%] male; median [IQR] age, 39 [32-46] years; median [IQR] follow-up, 24 [16-30] months). Conclusions and Relevance The findings in this study indicate that lesion-related epilepsy mapped to a human brain network, which could help identify patients at risk of epilepsy after a brain lesion and guide brain stimulation therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederic L. W. V. J. Schaper
- Center for Brain Circuit Therapeutics, Departments of Neurology, Psychiatry and Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Neurology and School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Janne Nordberg
- Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Clinical Neurosciences, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Alexander L. Cohen
- Center for Brain Circuit Therapeutics, Departments of Neurology, Psychiatry and Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Computational Radiology Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Christopher Lin
- Center for Brain Circuit Therapeutics, Departments of Neurology, Psychiatry and Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Joey Hsu
- Center for Brain Circuit Therapeutics, Departments of Neurology, Psychiatry and Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Andreas Horn
- Center for Brain Circuit Therapeutics, Departments of Neurology, Psychiatry and Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Michael A. Ferguson
- Center for Brain Circuit Therapeutics, Departments of Neurology, Psychiatry and Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Shan H. Siddiqi
- Center for Brain Circuit Therapeutics, Departments of Neurology, Psychiatry and Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - William Drew
- Center for Brain Circuit Therapeutics, Departments of Neurology, Psychiatry and Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Louis Soussand
- Center for Brain Circuit Therapeutics, Departments of Neurology, Psychiatry and Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Anderson M. Winkler
- National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville
| | - Marta Simó
- Neuro-Oncology Unit, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge - Institut Català d’Oncologia (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Bruna
- Neuro-Oncology Unit, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge - Institut Català d’Oncologia (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sylvain Rheims
- Department of Functional Neurology and Epileptology, Lyon Neurosciences Research Center, Hospices Civils de Lyon and University of Lyon, Lyon, France
- Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale, Lyon, France
| | - Marc Guenot
- Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale, Lyon, France
- Department of Functional Neurosurgery, Hospices Civils de Lyon and University of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Marco Bucci
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lauri Nummenmaa
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
- Department of Psychology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Julie Staals
- Department of Neurology and School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Albert J. Colon
- Academic Center for Epileptology Kempenhaeghe/Maastricht University Medical Center, Heeze & Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Epileptology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Martinique, Fort-de-France, France
| | - Linda Ackermans
- Department of Neurosurgery and School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Ellen J. Bubrick
- Center for Brain Circuit Therapeutics, Departments of Neurology, Psychiatry and Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jurriaan M. Peters
- Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ona Wu
- Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
- Athinoula A Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts
| | - Natalia S. Rost
- Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
- J. Philip Kistler Stroke Research Center, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jordan Grafman
- Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Think + Speak Lab, Shirley Ryan Ability Lab, Chicago, Illinois
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Hal Blumenfeld
- Departments of Neurology, Neuroscience and Neurosurgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Yasin Temel
- Department of Neurosurgery and School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Rob P. W. Rouhl
- Department of Neurology and School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Academic Center for Epileptology Kempenhaeghe/Maastricht University Medical Center, Heeze & Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Juho Joutsa
- Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Clinical Neurosciences, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Michael D. Fox
- Center for Brain Circuit Therapeutics, Departments of Neurology, Psychiatry and Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
- Athinoula A Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts
- Berenson-Allen Center for Noninvasive Brain Stimulation, Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
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10
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Testai L, Montanaro R, Flori L, Pagnotta E, Vellecco V, Gorica E, Ugolini L, Righetti L, Brancaleone V, Bucci M, Piragine E, Martelli A, Di Cesare Mannelli L, Ghelardini C, Calderone V. Persulfidation of mitoKv7.4 channels contributes to the cardioprotective effects of the H 2S-donor Erucin against ischemia/reperfusion injury. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 215:115728. [PMID: 37524208 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a gasotransmitter deeply involved in cardiovascular homeostasis and implicated in the myocardial protection against ischemia/reperfusion. The post-translational persulfidation of cysteine residues has been identified as the mechanism through which H2S regulates a plethora of biological targets. Erucin (ERU) is an isothiocyanate produced upon hydrolysis of the glucosinolate glucoerucin, presents in edible plants of Brassicaceae family, such as Eruca sativa Mill., and it has emerged as a slow and long-lasting H2S-donor. AIM In this study the cardioprotective profile of ERU has been investigated and the action mechanism explored, focusing on the possible role of the recently identified mitochondrial Kv7.4 (mitoKv7.4) potassium channels. RESULTS Interestingly, ERU showed to release H2S and concentration-dependently protected H9c2 cells against H2O2-induced oxidative damage. Moreover, in in vivo model of myocardial infarct ERU showed protective effects, reducing the extension of ischemic area, the levels of troponin I and increasing the amount of total AnxA1, as well as co-related inflammatory outcomes. Conversely, the pre-treatment with XE991, a blocker of Kv7.4 channels, abolished them. In isolated cardiac mitochondria ERU exhibited the typical profile of a mitochondrial potassium channels opener, in particular, this isothiocyanate produced a mild depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential, a reduction of calcium accumulation into the matrix and finally a flow of potassium ions. Finally, mitoKv7.4 channels were persulfidated in ERU-treated mitochondria. CONCLUSIONS ERU modulates the cardiac mitoKv7.4 channels and this mechanism may be relevant for cardioprotective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Testai
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56120-Pisa, Italy; Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood "Nutraceuticals and Food for Health", University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy; Interdepartmental Research Centre of Ageing Biology and Pathology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
| | - R Montanaro
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, 85100, Potenza, Italy
| | - L Flori
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56120-Pisa, Italy
| | - E Pagnotta
- CREA-Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops, via di Corticella 133, 40128 Bologna, Italy
| | - V Vellecco
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - E Gorica
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56120-Pisa, Italy
| | - L Ugolini
- CREA-Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops, via di Corticella 133, 40128 Bologna, Italy
| | - L Righetti
- CREA-Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops, via di Corticella 133, 40128 Bologna, Italy
| | - V Brancaleone
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, 85100, Potenza, Italy
| | - M Bucci
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - E Piragine
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56120-Pisa, Italy
| | - A Martelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56120-Pisa, Italy; Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood "Nutraceuticals and Food for Health", University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy; Interdepartmental Research Centre of Ageing Biology and Pathology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - L Di Cesare Mannelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health-Neurofarba-Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - C Ghelardini
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health-Neurofarba-Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - V Calderone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56120-Pisa, Italy; Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood "Nutraceuticals and Food for Health", University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy; Interdepartmental Research Centre of Ageing Biology and Pathology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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11
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Bucci M, Bluma M, Savitcheva I, Ashton NJ, Chiotis K, Matton A, Kivipelto M, Di Molfetta G, Blennow K, Zetterberg H, Nordberg A. Profiling of plasma biomarkers in the context of memory assessment in a tertiary memory clinic. Transl Psychiatry 2023; 13:268. [PMID: 37491358 PMCID: PMC10368630 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-023-02558-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasma biomarkers have shown promising performance in research cohorts in discriminating between different stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Studies in clinical populations are necessary to provide insights on the clinical utility of plasma biomarkers before their implementation in real-world settings. Here we investigated plasma biomarkers (glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), tau phosphorylated at 181 and 231 (pTau181, pTau231), amyloid β (Aβ) 42/40 ratio, neurofilament light) in 126 patients (age = 65 ± 8) who were admitted to the Clinic for Cognitive Disorders, at Karolinska University Hospital. After extensive clinical assessment (including CSF analysis), patients were classified as: mild cognitive impairment (MCI) (n = 75), AD (n = 25), non-AD dementia (n = 16), no dementia (n = 9). To refine the diagnosis, patients were examined with [18F]flutemetamol PET (Aβ-PET). Aβ-PET images were visually rated for positivity/negativity and quantified in Centiloid. Accordingly, 68 Aβ+ and 54 Aβ- patients were identified. Plasma biomarkers were measured using single molecule arrays (SIMOA). Receiver-operated curve (ROC) analyses were performed to detect Aβ-PET+ using the different biomarkers. In the whole cohort, the Aβ-PET centiloid values correlated positively with plasma GFAP, pTau231, pTau181, and negatively with Aβ42/40 ratio. While in the whole MCI group, only GFAP was associated with Aβ PET centiloid. In ROC analyses, among the standalone biomarkers, GFAP showed the highest area under the curve discriminating Aβ+ and Aβ- compared to other plasma biomarkers. The combination of plasma biomarkers via regression was the most predictive of Aβ-PET, especially in the MCI group (prior to PET, n = 75) (sensitivity = 100%, specificity = 82%, negative predictive value = 100%). In our cohort of memory clinic patients (mainly MCI), the combination of plasma biomarkers was sensitive in ruling out Aβ-PET negative individuals, thus suggesting a potential role as rule-out tool in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Bucci
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Centre for Alzheimer Research, Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, SE-14183, Stockholm, Sweden
- Theme Inflammation and Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-14186, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marina Bluma
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Centre for Alzheimer Research, Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, SE-14183, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Irina Savitcheva
- Medical Radiation Physics and Nuclear Medicine, Karolinska University, SE-14186, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nicholas J Ashton
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-43180, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Konstantinos Chiotis
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Centre for Alzheimer Research, Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, SE-14183, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Neurology, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-14186, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Matton
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Centre for Alzheimer Research, Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, SE-14183, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Miia Kivipelto
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Centre for Alzheimer Research, Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, SE-14183, Stockholm, Sweden
- Theme Inflammation and Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-14186, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Guglielmo Di Molfetta
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-43180, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-43180, Mölndal, Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, SE-43180, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-43180, Mölndal, Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, SE-43180, Mölndal, Sweden
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53792, USA
| | - Agneta Nordberg
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Centre for Alzheimer Research, Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, SE-14183, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Theme Inflammation and Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-14186, Stockholm, Sweden.
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12
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Guagnano MT, D'Ardes D, Di Giovanni P, Rossi I, Boccatonda A, Bucci M, Cipollone F. Gender, Obesity, Fat Distribution and 25-Hydroxyvitamin D. Medicina (Kaunas) 2023; 59:1123. [PMID: 37374327 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59061123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Obesity is a worldwide disease associated with systemic complications. In recent years, there has been growing interest in studying vitamin D but data related to obese subjects are still poor. AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between obesity degree and 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels. Materials and Methods: We recruited 147 Caucasian adult obese patients (BMI > 30 Kg/m2; 49 male; median age 53 years), and 20 overweight subjects as control group (median age 57 years), who had been referred to our Obesity Center of Chieti (Italy) between May 2020 and September 2021. Results: The median BMI was 38 (33-42) kg/m2 for obese patients and 27 (26-28) kg/m2 for overweight patients. 25(OH)D concentrations were lower in the obese population compared to the overweight population (19 ng/mL vs. 36 ng/mL; p < 0.001). Considering all obese subjects, a negative correlation was observed between 25(OH)D concentrations and obesity-related parameters (weight, BMI, waist circumference, fat mass, visceral fat, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol) and glucose metabolism-related parameters. 25(OH)D was also negatively correlated with blood pressure. Conclusions: Our data confirmed the inverse relationship between obesity and blood concentration of 25(OH)D and highlighted how 25(OH)D levels decrease in the presence of glucose and lipid metabolism alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Teresa Guagnano
- Institute of "Clinica Medica", Department of Medicine and Aging Science, "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Damiano D'Ardes
- Institute of "Clinica Medica", Department of Medicine and Aging Science, "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Pamela Di Giovanni
- Section of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Pharmacy, "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Ilaria Rossi
- Institute of "Clinica Medica", Department of Medicine and Aging Science, "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Andrea Boccatonda
- Internal Medicine, Bentivoglio Hospital, AUSL Bologna, 40010 Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Bucci
- Institute of "Clinica Medica", Department of Medicine and Aging Science, "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Francesco Cipollone
- Institute of "Clinica Medica", Department of Medicine and Aging Science, "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti, 66100 Chieti, Italy
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13
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Ricciardi RM, Cipollone A, D'Ardes D, Di Giacomo D, Pignatelli P, Cipollone F, Curia MC, Magni P, Bucci M. Risk Factors and Immunoinflammatory Mechanisms Leading to Atherosclerosis: Focus on the Role of Oral Microbiota Dysbiosis. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1479. [PMID: 37374981 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11061479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD), including myocardial infarction and stroke, are currently the leading cause of morbidity, disability and mortality worldwide. Recently, researchers have focused their attention on the alterations of the gut and oral microbiota, investigating the possible role of their dysbiosis in the pathogenesis and/or progression of CVD. In this regard, it has been shown that endothelial dysfunction, a major feature of CVD, can also be induced by chronic periodontal infection, due to a systemic pro-inflammatory condition, as suggested by increased plasma levels of acute phase proteins, IL-6 and fibrinogen. Moreover, proatherogenic dysfunctions can also be promoted by direct bacterial invasion of the endothelium. This review reports the current evidence about the possible role of oral microbiota dysbiosis and the related immunoinflammatory components in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis and associated CVD. It is concluded that integration of oral microbiota sampling into clinical practice may result in a more accurate assessment of CV risk in patients and even modify their prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Mattia Ricciardi
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, Università degli Studi "Gabriele d'Annunzio" di Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Regional Center for the Study of Atherosclerosis, Hypertension and Dyslipidemia, "SS Annunziata" Hospital-ASL, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Alessia Cipollone
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, Università degli Studi "Gabriele d'Annunzio" di Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Regional Center for the Study of Atherosclerosis, Hypertension and Dyslipidemia, "SS Annunziata" Hospital-ASL, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Damiano D'Ardes
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, Università degli Studi "Gabriele d'Annunzio" di Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Regional Center for the Study of Atherosclerosis, Hypertension and Dyslipidemia, "SS Annunziata" Hospital-ASL, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Davide Di Giacomo
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, Università degli Studi "Gabriele d'Annunzio" di Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Regional Center for the Study of Atherosclerosis, Hypertension and Dyslipidemia, "SS Annunziata" Hospital-ASL, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Pamela Pignatelli
- COMDINAV DUE, Nave Cavour, Italian Navy, Stazione Navale Mar Grande-Viale Jonio, 74122 Taranto, Italy
| | - Francesco Cipollone
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, Università degli Studi "Gabriele d'Annunzio" di Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Regional Center for the Study of Atherosclerosis, Hypertension and Dyslipidemia, "SS Annunziata" Hospital-ASL, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Curia
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, Università degli Studi "Gabriele d'Annunzio" di Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Paolo Magni
- Epidemiology and Preventive Pharmacology Service (SEFAP), Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences "Rodolfo Paoletti", Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
- IRCCS MultiMedica, Sesto S. Giovanni, 20099 Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Bucci
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, Università degli Studi "Gabriele d'Annunzio" di Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Regional Center for the Study of Atherosclerosis, Hypertension and Dyslipidemia, "SS Annunziata" Hospital-ASL, 66100 Chieti, Italy
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14
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Fontana IC, Scarpa M, Malarte ML, Rocha FM, Ausellé-Bosch S, Bluma M, Bucci M, Chiotis K, Kumar A, Nordberg A. Astrocyte Signature in Alzheimer's Disease Continuum through a Multi-PET Tracer Imaging Perspective. Cells 2023; 12:1469. [PMID: 37296589 PMCID: PMC10253101 DOI: 10.3390/cells12111469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive astrogliosis is an early event in the continuum of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Current advances in positron emission tomography (PET) imaging provide ways of assessing reactive astrogliosis in the living brain. In this review, we revisit clinical PET imaging and in vitro findings using the multi-tracer approach, and point out that reactive astrogliosis precedes the deposition of Aβ plaques, tau pathology, and neurodegeneration in AD. Furthermore, considering the current view of reactive astrogliosis heterogeneity-more than one subtype of astrocyte involved-in AD, we discuss how astrocytic body fluid biomarkers might fit into trajectories different from that of astrocytic PET imaging. Future research focusing on the development of innovative astrocytic PET radiotracers and fluid biomarkers may provide further insights into the heterogeneity of reactive astrogliosis and improve the detection of AD in its early stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor C. Fontana
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, 141 52 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Miriam Scarpa
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, 141 52 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mona-Lisa Malarte
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, 141 52 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Filipa M. Rocha
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, 141 52 Stockholm, Sweden
- Instituto de Ciência Biomédicas Abel Salazar da Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Sira Ausellé-Bosch
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, 141 52 Stockholm, Sweden
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marina Bluma
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, 141 52 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marco Bucci
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, 141 52 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Konstantinos Chiotis
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, 141 52 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Amit Kumar
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, 141 52 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Agneta Nordberg
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, 141 52 Stockholm, Sweden
- Theme Inflammation and Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, 141 57 Stockholm, Sweden
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15
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Bucci M, Iozzo P, Merisaari H, Huovinen V, Lipponen H, Räikkönen K, Parkkola R, Salonen M, Sandboge S, Eriksson JG, Nummenmaa L, Nuutila P. Resistance Training Increases White Matter Density in Frail Elderly Women. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12072684. [PMID: 37048767 PMCID: PMC10094827 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12072684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the effects of maternal obesity on brain structure and metabolism in frail women, and their reversibility in response to exercise. We recruited 37 frail elderly women (20 offspring of lean/normal-weight mothers (OLM) and 17 offspring of obese/overweight mothers (OOM)) and nine non-frail controls to undergo magnetic resonance and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), positron emission tomography with Fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose (PET), and cognitive function tests (CERAD). Frail women were studied before and after a 4-month resistance training, and controls were studied once. White matter (WM) density (voxel-based morphometry) was higher in OLM than in OOM subjects. Exercise increased WM density in both OLM and OOM in the cerebellum in superior parietal regions in OLM and in cuneal and precuneal regions in OOM. OLM gained more WM density than OOM in response to intervention. No significant results were found from the Freesurfer analysis, nor from PET or DTI images. Exercise has an impact on brain morphology and cognition in elderly frail women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Bucci
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland
- Theme Inflammation and Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, 141 86 Huddinge, Sweden
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Karolinska University, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Patricia Iozzo
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Harri Merisaari
- Department of Radiology, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
- Turku Brain and Mind Center, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Ville Huovinen
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland
- Department of Radiology, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Heta Lipponen
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Katri Räikkönen
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Riitta Parkkola
- Department of Radiology, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | | | - Samuel Sandboge
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, 00271 Helsinki, Finland
- Psychology/Welfare Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tampere, 33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - Johan Gunnar Eriksson
- Folkhälsan Research Centre, 00250 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore 138632, Singapore
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology and Human Potential Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | | | - Pirjo Nuutila
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland
- Department of Endocrinology, Turku University Hospital, 20520 Turku, Finland
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16
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Snellman A, Ekblad LL, Tuisku J, Koivumäki M, Ashton NJ, Lantero-Rodriguez J, Karikari TK, Helin S, Bucci M, Löyttyniemi E, Parkkola R, Karrasch M, Schöll M, Zetterberg H, Blennow K, Rinne JO. APOE ε4 gene dose effect on imaging and blood biomarkers of neuroinflammation and beta-amyloid in cognitively unimpaired elderly. Alzheimers Res Ther 2023; 15:71. [PMID: 37016464 PMCID: PMC10071691 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-023-01209-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroinflammation, characterized by increased reactivity of microglia and astrocytes in the brain, is known to be present at various stages of the Alzheimer's disease (AD) continuum. However, its presence and relationship with amyloid pathology in cognitively normal at-risk individuals is less clear. Here, we used positron emission tomography (PET) and blood biomarker measurements to examine differences in neuroinflammation and beta-amyloid (Aβ) and their association in cognitively unimpaired homozygotes, heterozygotes, or non-carriers of the APOE ε4 allele, the strongest genetic risk for sporadic AD. METHODS Sixty 60-75-year-old APOE ε4 homozygotes (n = 19), heterozygotes (n = 21), and non-carriers (n = 20) were recruited in collaboration with the local Auria biobank. The participants underwent 11C-PK11195 PET (targeting 18-kDa translocator protein, TSPO), 11C-PiB PET (targeting Aβ), brain MRI, and neuropsychological testing including a preclinical cognitive composite (APCC). 11C-PK11195 distribution volume ratios and 11C-PiB standardized uptake value ratios (SUVRs) were calculated for regions typical for early Aβ accumulation in AD. Blood samples were drawn for measuring plasma glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and plasma Aβ1-42/1.40. RESULTS In our cognitively unimpaired sample, cortical 11C-PiB-binding increased according to APOE ε4 gene dose (median composite SUVR 1.47 (range 1.38-1.66) in non-carriers, 1.55 (1.43-2.02) in heterozygotes, and 2.13 (1.61-2.83) in homozygotes, P = 0.002). In contrast, cortical composite 11C-PK11195-binding did not differ between the APOE ε4 gene doses (P = 0.27) or between Aβ-positive and Aβ-negative individuals (P = 0.81) and associated with higher Aβ burden only in APOE ε4 homozygotes (Rho = 0.47, P = 0.043). Plasma GFAP concentration correlated with cortical 11C-PiB (Rho = 0.35, P = 0.040), but not 11C-PK11195-binding (Rho = 0.13, P = 0.47) in Aβ-positive individuals. In the total cognitively unimpaired population, both higher composite 11C-PK11195-binding and plasma GFAP were associated with lower hippocampal volume, whereas elevated 11C-PiB-binding was associated with lower APCC scores. CONCLUSIONS Only Aβ burden measured by PET, but not markers of neuroinflammation, differed among cognitively unimpaired elderly with different APOE ε4 gene dose. However, APOE ε4 gene dose seemed to modulate the association between neuroinflammation and Aβ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anniina Snellman
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku University Hospital, Kiinamyllynkatu 4-8, 20520, Turku, Finland.
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience & Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden.
| | - Laura L Ekblad
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku University Hospital, Kiinamyllynkatu 4-8, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Jouni Tuisku
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku University Hospital, Kiinamyllynkatu 4-8, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Mikko Koivumäki
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku University Hospital, Kiinamyllynkatu 4-8, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Nicholas J Ashton
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience & Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
- Centre for Age-Related Medicine, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King's College London, London, UK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health & Biomedical Research Unit for Dementia at South London & Maudsley NHS Foundation, London, UK
| | - Juan Lantero-Rodriguez
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience & Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Thomas K Karikari
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience & Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Semi Helin
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku University Hospital, Kiinamyllynkatu 4-8, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Marco Bucci
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku University Hospital, Kiinamyllynkatu 4-8, 20520, Turku, Finland
- Theme Inflammation and Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Riitta Parkkola
- Department of Radiology, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Mira Karrasch
- Department of Psychology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Michael Schöll
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience & Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience & Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London, UK
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience & Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Juha O Rinne
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku University Hospital, Kiinamyllynkatu 4-8, 20520, Turku, Finland
- InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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17
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Nordberg J, Schaper FLWVJ, Bucci M, Nummenmaa L, Joutsa J. Brain lesion locations associated with secondary seizure generalization in tumors and strokes. Hum Brain Mapp 2023; 44:3136-3146. [PMID: 36971618 PMCID: PMC10171532 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Structural brain lesions are the most common cause of adult-onset epilepsy. The lesion location may contribute to the risk for epileptogenesis, but whether specific lesion locations are associated with a risk for secondary seizure generalization from focal to bilateral tonic-clonic seizures, is unknown. We identified patients with a diagnosis of adult-onset epilepsy caused by an ischemic stroke or a tumor diagnosed at the Turku University Hospital in 2004-2017. Lesion locations were segmented on patient-specific MR imaging and transformed to a common brain atlas (MNI space). Both region-of-interest analyses (intersection with the cortex, hemisphere, and lobes) and voxel-wise analyses were conducted to identify the lesion locations associated with focal to bilateral tonic-clonic compared to focal seizures. We included 170 patients with lesion-induced epilepsy (94 tumors, 76 strokes). Lesions predominantly localized in the cerebral cortex (OR 2.50, 95% C.I. 1.21-5.15, p = .01) and right hemisphere (OR 2.22, 95% C.I. 1.17-4.20, p = .01) were independently associated with focal to bilateral tonic-clonic seizures. At the lobar-level, focal to bilateral tonic-clonic seizures were associated with lesions in the right frontal cortex (OR 4.41, 95% C.I. 1.44-13.5, p = .009). No single voxels were significantly associated with seizure type. These effects were independent of lesion etiology. Our results demonstrate that lesion location is associated with the risk for secondary generalization of epileptic seizures. These findings may contribute to identifying patients at risk for focal to bilateral tonic-clonic seizures.
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18
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Sun L, Aarnio R, Herre EA, Kärnä S, Palani S, Virtanen H, Liljenbäck H, Virta J, Honkaniemi A, Oikonen V, Han C, Laurila S, Bucci M, Helin S, Yatkin E, Nummenmaa L, Nuutila P, Tang J, Roivainen A. [ 11C]carfentanil PET imaging for studying the peripheral opioid system in vivo: effect of photoperiod on mu-opioid receptor availability in brown adipose tissue. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2023; 50:266-274. [PMID: 36166079 PMCID: PMC9816189 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-022-05969-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Photoperiod determines the metabolic activity of brown adipose tissue (BAT) and affects the food intake and body mass of mammals. Sympathetic innervation of the BAT controls thermogenesis and facilitates physiological adaption to seasonal changes, but the exact mechanism remains elusive. Previous studies have shown that central opioid signaling regulates BAT thermogenesis, and that the expression of the brain mu-opioid receptor (MOR) varies seasonally. Therefore, it is important to know whether MOR expression in BAT shows seasonal variation. METHODS We determined the effect of photoperiod on BAT MOR availability using [11C]carfentanil positron emission tomography (PET). Adult rats (n = 9) were repeatedly imaged under various photoperiods in order to simulate seasonal changes. RESULTS Long photoperiod was associated with low MOR expression in BAT (β = - 0.04, 95% confidence interval: - 0.07, - 0.01), but not in muscles. We confirmed the expression of MOR in BAT and muscle using immunofluorescence staining. CONCLUSION Photoperiod affects MOR availability in BAT. Sympathetic innervation of BAT may influence thermogenesis via the peripheral MOR system. The present study supports the utility of [11C]carfentanil PET to study the peripheral MOR system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Sun
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520, Turku, Finland.
| | - Richard Aarnio
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Erika Atencio Herre
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Salli Kärnä
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Senthil Palani
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Helena Virtanen
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Heidi Liljenbäck
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520, Turku, Finland
- Turku Center for Disease Modeling, University of Turku, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Jenni Virta
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Aake Honkaniemi
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Vesa Oikonen
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Chunlei Han
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Sanna Laurila
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520, Turku, Finland
- Heart Center, Turku University Hospital, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Marco Bucci
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520, Turku, Finland
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden
- Theme Inflammation and Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, 14186, Stockholm, Sweden
- Turku PET Centre, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Semi Helin
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Emrah Yatkin
- Central Animal Laboratory, University of Turku, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Lauri Nummenmaa
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520, Turku, Finland
- Department of Psychology, University of Turku, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Pirjo Nuutila
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520, Turku, Finland
- Department of Endocrinology, Turku University Hospital, 20520, Turku, Finland
- InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Jing Tang
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anne Roivainen
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520, Turku, Finland
- Turku Center for Disease Modeling, University of Turku, 20520, Turku, Finland
- InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, 20520, Turku, Finland
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19
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Ioannou K, Bucci M, Nordberg AK, Chiotis K. High tau PET binding reveals a constellation of beta‐amyloid positivity and fast cognitive decline. Alzheimers Dement 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.067074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Ioannou
- Nordberg Translational Molecular Imaging Lab, Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer’s Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
| | - Marco Bucci
- Nordberg Translational Molecular Imaging Lab, Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer’s Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
- Theme Inflammation and Aging, Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm Sweden
| | - Agneta K Nordberg
- Nordberg Translational Molecular Imaging Lab, Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer’s Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
- Theme Inflammation and Aging, Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm Sweden
| | - Konstantinos Chiotis
- Nordberg Translational Molecular Imaging Lab, Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer’s Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
- Department of Neurology, Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm Sweden
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20
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Sala A, Gispert JD, Salvadó G, Shekari M, Bucci M, Collij LE, García DV, Garibotto V, Barkhof F, Nordberg AK, Rodriguez‐Vieitez E. Validation of a continuous model of amyloid‐β CSF/PET discordance across cohorts and PET tracers. Alzheimers Dement 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.063597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Sala
- Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
- Coma Science Group, University of Liège Liège Belgium
| | - Juan Domingo Gispert
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation Barcelona Spain
| | - Gemma Salvadó
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation Barcelona Spain
| | - Mahnaz Shekari
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation Barcelona Spain
| | - Marco Bucci
- Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
- Theme Inflammation and Aging, Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm Sweden
| | | | | | - Valentina Garibotto
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals Geneva Switzerland
| | - Frederik Barkhof
- Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc Amsterdam Netherlands
- Institute of Neurology and Centre for Medical Image Computing, University College London London United Kingdom
| | - Agneta K Nordberg
- Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
- Theme Inflammation and Aging, Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm Sweden
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21
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Pekkarinen L, Kantonen T, Rebelos E, Latva-Rasku A, Dadson P, Karjalainen T, Bucci M, Kalliokoski K, Laitinen K, Houttu N, Kirjavainen AK, Rajander J, Rönnemaa T, Nummenmaa L, Nuutila P. Obesity risk is associated with brain glucose uptake and insulin resistance. Eur J Endocrinol 2022; 187:917-928. [PMID: 36288097 PMCID: PMC9782452 DOI: 10.1530/eje-22-0509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether alterations in brain glucose uptake (BGU), insulin action in the brain-liver axis and whole-body insulin sensitivity occur in young adults in pre-obese state. METHODS Healthy males with either high risk (HR; n = 19) or low risk (LR; n = 22) for developing obesity were studied with [18F]fluoro-d-glucose ([18F]FDG)-positron emission tomography during hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp. Obesity risk was assessed according to BMI, physical activity and parental overweight/obesity and type 2 diabetes. Brain, skeletal muscle, brown adipose tissue (BAT), visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and abdominal and femoral s.c. adipose tissue (SAT) glucose uptake (GU) rates were measured. Endogenous glucose production (EGP) was calculated by subtracting the exogenous glucose infusion rate from the rate of disappearance of [18F]FDG. BGU was analyzed using statistical parametric mapping, and peripheral tissue activity was determined using Carimas Software imaging processing platform. RESULTS BGU was higher in the HR vs LR group and correlated inversely with whole-body insulin sensitivity (M value) in the HR group but not in the LR group. Insulin-suppressed EGP did not differ between the groups but correlated positively with BGU in the whole population, and the correlation was driven by the HR group. Skeletal muscle, BAT, VAT, abdominal and femoral SAT GU were lower in the HR group as compared to the LR group. Muscle GU correlated negatively with BGU in the HR group but not in the LR group. CONCLUSION Increased BGU, alterations in insulin action in the brain-liver axis and decreased whole-body insulin sensitivity occur early in pre-obese state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Pekkarinen
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Endocrinology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Tatu Kantonen
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Clinical Neurosciences, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Eleni Rebelos
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Prince Dadson
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Marco Bucci
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Turku PET Centre, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Kirsi Laitinen
- Institute of Biomedicine, Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Noora Houttu
- Institute of Biomedicine, Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Johan Rajander
- Turku PET Centre, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Tapani Rönnemaa
- Department of Endocrinology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Department of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Lauri Nummenmaa
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Psychology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Pirjo Nuutila
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Endocrinology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Correspondence should be addressed to P Nuutila;
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22
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Curia MC, Pignatelli P, D’Antonio DL, D’Ardes D, Olmastroni E, Scorpiglione L, Cipollone F, Catapano AL, Piattelli A, Bucci M, Magni P. Oral Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum Abundance in Subjects in Primary and Secondary Cardiovascular Prevention, with or without Heterozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10092144. [PMID: 36140246 PMCID: PMC9496065 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10092144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Low-grade chronic inflammation, promoted by dysbiosis of the gut and oral microbiota, has been shown to contribute to individual susceptibility to atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). High oral Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) and lower Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn) concentrations have been associated with clinical and experimental atherosclerosis. We assessed oral Pg and Fn abundance in very high-risk patients with previously diagnosed ASCVD, with or without heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HeFH), in subjects with HeFH in primary prevention and in healthy subjects. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 40 patients with previously diagnosed ASCVD (10 with genetically proven HeFH, and 30 without FH), 26 subjects with HeFH in primary prevention, and 31 healthy subjects were selected to quantify oral Pg and Fn abundance by qPCR and assess oral health status. Results: Compared to healthy subjects, patients with previously diagnosed ASCVD showed greater Pg abundance (1101.3 vs. 192.4, p = 0.03), but similar Fn abundance. HeFH patients with ASCVD had an even greater Pg abundance than did non-HeFH patients and healthy subjects (1770.6 vs. 758.4 vs. 192.4, respectively; p = 0.048). No differences were found in the levels of Pg and Fn abundance in HeFH subjects in primary prevention, as compared to healthy subjects. Conclusions: Greater oral Pg abundance is present in very high-risk patients with previously diagnosed ASCVD, with or without FH, suggesting a potential relationship with CV events. Future studies will assess the predictive value of Pg abundance measurement in ASCVD risk stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Cristina Curia
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, Università degli Studi “Gabriele d’Annunzio” di Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.C.C.); (M.B.); (P.M.)
| | - Pamela Pignatelli
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, Università degli Studi “Gabriele d’Annunzio” di Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Domenica Lucia D’Antonio
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, Università degli Studi “Gabriele d’Annunzio” di Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Damiano D’Ardes
- Regional Center for the Study of Atherosclerosis, Hypertension and Dyslipidemia, “SS Annunziata” Hospital—ASL, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- C.A.S.T., Università degli Studi “Gabriele d’Annunzio” di Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Elena Olmastroni
- Epidemiology and Preventive Pharmacology Service (SEFAP), Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Scorpiglione
- Regional Center for the Study of Atherosclerosis, Hypertension and Dyslipidemia, “SS Annunziata” Hospital—ASL, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- C.A.S.T., Università degli Studi “Gabriele d’Annunzio” di Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Francesco Cipollone
- Regional Center for the Study of Atherosclerosis, Hypertension and Dyslipidemia, “SS Annunziata” Hospital—ASL, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- C.A.S.T., Università degli Studi “Gabriele d’Annunzio” di Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Alberico Luigi Catapano
- Epidemiology and Preventive Pharmacology Service (SEFAP), Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
- IRCCS MultiMedica, Sesto S. Giovanni, 20099 Milan, Italy
| | - Adriano Piattelli
- Master Course in Microsurgery in Odontostomatology, Saint Camillus International University for Health Sciences (Unicamillus), 00131 Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Villaserena per la Ricerca, 65013 Città Sant’Angelo, Pescara, Italy
- Casa di Cura Villa Serena, 65013 Città Sant’Angelo, Pescara, Italy
| | - Marco Bucci
- Regional Center for the Study of Atherosclerosis, Hypertension and Dyslipidemia, “SS Annunziata” Hospital—ASL, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- C.A.S.T., Università degli Studi “Gabriele d’Annunzio” di Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.C.C.); (M.B.); (P.M.)
| | - Paolo Magni
- Epidemiology and Preventive Pharmacology Service (SEFAP), Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
- IRCCS MultiMedica, Sesto S. Giovanni, 20099 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.C.C.); (M.B.); (P.M.)
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23
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Rossi I, D'Ardes D, Bucciarelli B, Bianco F, Troiano F, Vizzarri P, Caporale M, Cipollone F, Bucci M. The challenge of lipid-modifying therapies in the achievement of optimal LDL-C levels in high and very high CV risk patients: Still an open question. Atherosclerosis 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2022.06.875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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24
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D'Ardes D, Rossi I, Vizzarri P, Damiani Tripolino A, Troiano F, Caporale M, Cipollone F, Bucci M. Effectiveness of Dutch lipid score (modified for Italy) in a cohort of subjects aged > 18 years and comparison with the subpopulation between 18-45 years. Atherosclerosis 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2022.06.633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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25
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Magni P, Pignatelli P, D'Ardes D, Olmastroni E, Scorpiglione L, Cipollone F, Piattelli A, Catapano A, Curia M, Bucci M. Higher oral porphyromonas gingivalis abundance is associated with the presence of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in high-risk patients and in patients with Heterozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia. Atherosclerosis 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2022.06.289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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26
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Concistrè A, Petramala L, Circosta F, Romagnoli P, Soldini M, Bucci M, De Cesare D, Cavallaro G, De Toma G, Cipollone F, Letizia C. Analysis of the miRNA expression from the adipose tissue surrounding the adrenal neoplasia. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:930959. [PMID: 35966515 PMCID: PMC9366211 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.930959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Primary aldosteronism (PA) is characterized by several metabolic changes such as insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, and adipose tissue (AT) inflammation. Mi(cro)RNAs (miRNAs) are a class of non-coding small RNA molecules known to be critical regulators in several cellular processes associated with AT dysfunction. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of some miRNAs in visceral and subcutaneous AT in patients undergoing adrenalectomy for aldosterone-secreting adrenal adenoma (APA) compared to the samples of AT obtained in patients undergoing adrenalectomy for non-functioning adrenal mass (NFA). Methods The quantitative expression of selected miRNA using real-time PCR was analyzed in surrounding adrenal neoplasia, peri-renal, and subcutaneous AT samples of 16 patients with adrenalectomy (11 patients with APA and 5 patients with NFA). Results Real-time PCR cycles for miRNA-132, miRNA-143, and miRNA-221 in fat surrounding adrenal neoplasia and in peri-adrenal AT were significantly higher in APA than in patients with NFA. Unlike patients with NFA, miRNA-132, miRNA-143, miRNA-221, and miRNA-26b were less expressed in surrounding adrenal neoplasia AT compared to subcutaneous AT in patients with APA. Conclusion This study, conducted on tissue expression of miRNAs, highlights the possible pathophysiological role of some miRNAs in determining the metabolic alterations in patients with PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Concistrè
- Department of Clinical, Internal Medicine, Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Luigi Petramala
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Circosta
- Department of Clinical, Internal Medicine, Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Priscilla Romagnoli
- Department of Clinical, Internal Medicine, Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Soldini
- Department of Clinical, Internal Medicine, Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Bucci
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “Gabriele d'Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Domenico De Cesare
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “Gabriele d'Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Cavallaro
- Department of Surgery “Pietro Valdoni, ” “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgio De Toma
- Department of Surgery “Pietro Valdoni, ” “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Cipollone
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “Gabriele d'Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Claudio Letizia
- Department of Clinical, Internal Medicine, Anesthesiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- *Correspondence: Claudio Letizia
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27
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Rebelos E, Rissanen E, Bucci M, Jääskeläinen O, Honka MJ, Nummenmaa L, Moriconi D, Laurila S, Salminen P, Herukka SK, Singhal T, Nuutila P. Circulating neurofilament is linked with morbid obesity, renal function, and brain density. Sci Rep 2022; 12:7841. [PMID: 35551210 PMCID: PMC9098484 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11557-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurofilament light chain (NfL) is a novel biomarker reflecting neuroaxonal damage and associates with brain atrophy, and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is a marker of astrocytic activation, associated with several neurodegenerative diseases. Since obesity is associated with increased risk for several neurodegenerative disorders, we hypothesized that circulating NfL and GFAP levels could reflect neuronal damage in obese patients. 28 morbidly obese and 18 lean subjects were studied with voxel based morphometry (VBM) MRI to assess gray and white matter densities. Serum NfL and GFAP levels were determined with single-molecule array. Obese subjects were re-studied 6 months after bariatric surgery. Morbidly obese subjects had lower absolute concentrations of circulating NfL and GFAP compared to lean individuals. Following bariatric surgery-induced weight loss, both these levels increased. Both at baseline and after weight loss, circulating NfL and GFAP values correlated inversely with eGFR. Cross-sectionally, circulating NfL levels correlated inversely with gray matter (GM) density, and this association remained significant also when accounting for age and total eGFR. GFAP values did not correlate with GM density. Our data suggest that when determining circulating NfL and GFAP levels, eGFR should also be measured since renal function can affect these measurements. Despite the potential confounding effect of renal function on NfL measurement, NfL correlated inversely with gray matter density in this group of subjects with no identified neurological disorders, suggesting that circulating NfL level may be a feasible biomarker of cerebral function even in apparently neurologically healthy subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Rebelos
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland. .,CNR, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Eero Rissanen
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,PET Imaging Program in Neurologic Diseases, Singhal Lab, Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marco Bucci
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Center for Alzheimer Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Turku PET Centre, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Olli Jääskeläinen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine-Neurology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - Lauri Nummenmaa
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Department of Psychology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Diego Moriconi
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Sanna Laurila
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Paulina Salminen
- Division of Digestive Surgery and Urology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.,Department of Surgery, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Sanna-Kaisa Herukka
- Institute of Clinical Medicine-Neurology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Neurocenter, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tarun Singhal
- PET Imaging Program in Neurologic Diseases, Singhal Lab, Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Neurology, Brigham Multiple Sclerosis Center, Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Pirjo Nuutila
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Department of Endocrinology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
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28
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D’Ardes D, Boccatonda A, Cocco G, Fabiani S, Rossi I, Bucci M, Guagnano MT, Schiavone C, Cipollone F. Impaired coagulation, liver dysfunction and COVID-19: Discovering an intriguing relationship. World J Gastroenterol 2022; 28:1102-1112. [PMID: 35431501 PMCID: PMC8985482 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i11.1102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is, at present, one of the most relevant global health problems. In the literature hepatic alterations have been described in COVID-19 patients, and they are mainly represented by worsening of underlying chronic liver disease leading to hepatic decompensation and liver failure with higher mortality. Several potential mechanisms used by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) to cause liver damage have been hypothesized. COVID-19 primary liver injury is less common than secondary liver injury. Most of the available data demonstrate how liver damage in SARS-CoV-2 infection is likely due to systemic inflammation, and it is less likely mediated by a cytopathic effect directed on liver cells. Moreover, liver alterations could be caused by hypoxic injury and drugs (antibiotics and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, remdesivir, tocilizumab, tofacitinib and dexamethasone). SARS-CoV-2 infection can induce multiple vascular district atherothrombosis by affecting simultaneously cerebral, coronary and peripheral vascular beds. Data in the literature highlight how the virus triggers an exaggerated immune response, which added to the cytopathic effect of the virus can induce endothelial damage and a prothrombotic dysregulation of hemostasis. This leads to a higher incidence of symptomatic and confirmed venous thrombosis and of pulmonary embolisms, especially in central, lobar or segmental pulmonary arteries, in COVID-19. There are currently fewer data for arterial thrombosis, while myocardial injury was identified in 7%-17% of patients hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2 infection and 22%-31% in the intensive care unit setting. Available data also revealed a higher occurrence of stroke and more serious forms of peripheral arterial disease in COVID-19 patients. Hemostasis dysregulation is observed during the COVID-19 course. Lower platelet count, mildly increased prothrombin time and increased D-dimer are typical laboratory features of patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 infection, described as “COVID-19 associated coagulopathy.” These alterations are correlated to poor outcomes. Moreover, patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 infection are characterized by high levels of von Willebrand factor with subsequent ADAMTS13 deficiency and impaired fibrinolysis. Platelet hyperreactivity, hypercoagulability and hypofibrinolysis during SARS-CoV-2 infection induce a pathological state named as “immuno-thromboinflammation.” Finally, liver dysfunction and coagulopathy are often observed at the same time in patients with COVID-19. The hypothesis that liver dysfunction could be mediated by microvascular thrombosis has been supported by post-mortem findings and extensive vascular portal and sinusoidal thrombosis observation. Other evidence has shown a correlation between coagulation and liver damage in COVID-19, underlined by the transaminase association with coagulopathy, identified through laboratory markers such as prothrombin time, international normalized ratio, fibrinogen, D-dimer, fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products and platelet count. Other possible mechanisms like immunogenesis of COVID-19 damage or massive pericyte activation with consequent vessel wall fibrosis have been suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damiano D’Ardes
- “Clinica Medica” Institute, Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, “G. D’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti 66100, Italy
| | - Andrea Boccatonda
- Unit of Ultrasound, “G. D’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti 66100, Italy
| | - Giulio Cocco
- Unit of Ultrasound, “G. D’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti 66100, Italy
| | - Stefano Fabiani
- Unit of Ultrasound, “G. D’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti 66100, Italy
| | - Ilaria Rossi
- “Clinica Medica” Institute, Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, “G. D’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti 66100, Italy
| | - Marco Bucci
- “Clinica Medica” Institute, Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, “G. D’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti 66100, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Guagnano
- “Clinica Medica” Institute, Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, “G. D’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti 66100, Italy
| | - Cosima Schiavone
- Unit of Ultrasound, “G. D’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti 66100, Italy
| | - Francesco Cipollone
- “Clinica Medica” Institute, Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, “G. D’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti 66100, Italy
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29
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Bucci M, Chiotis K, Nordberg AK. Alzheimer’s disease spectrum profiled by CSF and imaging biomarkers: Tau PET best predicts cognitive decline. Alzheimers Dement 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.056014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Konstantinos Chiotis
- Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
- Karolinska University Hospital Solna Sweden
| | - Agneta K Nordberg
- Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
- Karolinska University Hospital, Theme Aging Stockholm Sweden
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30
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D'Erasmo L, Gallo A, Cefalù AB, Di Costanzo A, Saheb S, Giammanco A, Averna M, Buonaiuto A, Iannuzzo G, Fortunato G, Puja A, Montalcini T, Pavanello C, Calabresi L, Vigna GB, Bucci M, Bonomo K, Nota F, Sampietro T, Sbrana F, Suppressa P, Sabbà C, Fimiani F, Cesaro A, Calabrò P, Palmisano S, D'Addato S, Pisciotta L, Bertolini S, Bittar R, Kalmykova O, Béliard S, Carrié A, Arca M, Bruckert E. Long-term efficacy of lipoprotein apheresis and lomitapide in the treatment of homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HoFH): a cross-national retrospective survey. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2021; 16:381. [PMID: 34496902 PMCID: PMC8427960 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-021-01999-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HoFH) is a rare life-threatening condition that represents a therapeutic challenge. The vast majority of HoFH patients fail to achieve LDL-C targets when treated with the standard protocol, which associates maximally tolerated dose of lipid-lowering medications with lipoprotein apheresis (LA). Lomitapide is an emerging therapy in HoFH, but its place in the treatment algorithm is disputed because a comparison of its long-term efficacy versus LA in reducing LDL-C burden is not available. We assessed changes in long-term LDL-C burden and goals achievement in two independent HoFH patients’ cohorts, one treated with lomitapide in Italy (n = 30) and the other with LA in France (n = 29). Results The two cohorts differed significantly for genotype (p = 0.004), baseline lipid profile (p < 0.001), age of treatment initiation (p < 0.001), occurrence of cardiovascular disease (p = 0.003) as well as follow-up duration (p < 0.001). The adjunct of lomitapide to conventional lipid-lowering therapies determined an additional 58.0% reduction of last visit LDL-C levels, compared to 37.1% when LA was added (padj = 0.004).
Yearly on-treatment LDL-C < 70 mg/dl and < 55 mg/dl goals were only achieved in 45.5% and 13.5% of HoFH patients treated with lomitapide. The long-term exposure to LDL-C burden was found to be higher in LA than in Lomitapide cohort (13,236.1 ± 5492.1 vs. 11,656.6 ± 4730.9 mg/dL-year respectively, padj = 0.002). A trend towards fewer total cardiovascular events was observed in the Lomitapide than in the LA cohort. Conclusions In comparison with LA, lomitapide appears to provide a better control of LDL-C in HoFH. Further studies are needed to confirm this data and establish whether this translates into a reduction of cardiovascular risk. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13023-021-01999-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura D'Erasmo
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, Rome, Italy. .,Department of Endocrinology and Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, La Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Sorbonne University, Paris, France.
| | - Antonio Gallo
- Department of Endocrinology and Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, La Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Sorbonne University, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM 1146, - CNRS 7371, Laboratoire d'imagerie Biomédicale, Paris, France
| | - Angelo Baldassare Cefalù
- Dipartimento di Promozione Della Salute, Materno Infantile, Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza "G. D'Alessandro" (PROMISE), Università Degli Studi Di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Alessia Di Costanzo
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, Rome, Italy
| | - Samir Saheb
- Department of Endocrinology and Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, La Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Antonina Giammanco
- Dipartimento di Promozione Della Salute, Materno Infantile, Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza "G. D'Alessandro" (PROMISE), Università Degli Studi Di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Maurizio Averna
- Dipartimento di Promozione Della Salute, Materno Infantile, Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza "G. D'Alessandro" (PROMISE), Università Degli Studi Di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Alessio Buonaiuto
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Gabriella Iannuzzo
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuliana Fortunato
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,CEINGE, Advanced Biotechnology, Naples, Italy
| | - Arturo Puja
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Tiziana Montalcini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Chiara Pavanello
- Centro Grossi Paoletti, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Calabresi
- Centro Grossi Paoletti, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Marco Bucci
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Scienze Dell'Invecchiamento, Università Degli Studi "G. d'annunzio" di Chieti, Pescara, Italy
| | - Katia Bonomo
- Metabolic Disease and Diabetes Unit, AOU San Luigi Gonzaga, Orbassano', Turin, Italy
| | - Fabio Nota
- Metabolic Disease and Diabetes Unit, AOU San Luigi Gonzaga, Orbassano', Turin, Italy
| | - Tiziana Sampietro
- Lipoapheresis Unit-Reference Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Inherited Dyslipidemias, Fondazione Toscana "Gabriele Monasterio", Via Moruzzi 1, Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesco Sbrana
- Lipoapheresis Unit-Reference Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Inherited Dyslipidemias, Fondazione Toscana "Gabriele Monasterio", Via Moruzzi 1, Pisa, Italy
| | - Patrizia Suppressa
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rare Disease Centre "C.Frugoni", University Hospital of Bari "A. Moro", Piazza G. Cesare 11, Bari, Italy
| | - Carlo Sabbà
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rare Disease Centre "C.Frugoni", University Hospital of Bari "A. Moro", Piazza G. Cesare 11, Bari, Italy
| | - Fabio Fimiani
- Division of Clinical Cardiology, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", A.O.R.N. Sant' Anna e San Sebastiano, 81100, Caserta, Italy
| | - Arturo Cesaro
- Division of Clinical Cardiology, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", A.O.R.N. Sant' Anna e San Sebastiano, 81100, Caserta, Italy
| | - Paolo Calabrò
- Division of Clinical Cardiology, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", A.O.R.N. Sant' Anna e San Sebastiano, 81100, Caserta, Italy
| | - Silvia Palmisano
- Hypertension and Atherosclerosis Research Group, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Via Albertoni 15, 40138, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sergio D'Addato
- Hypertension and Atherosclerosis Research Group, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Via Albertoni 15, 40138, Bologna, Italy
| | - Livia Pisciotta
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,IRCCS-Polyclinic Hospital San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Stefano Bertolini
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,IRCCS-Polyclinic Hospital San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Randa Bittar
- Inserm, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), UMR_S1166, Department of Metabolic Biochemistry, Assistance Publique, Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital de La Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Olga Kalmykova
- Department of Endocrinology and Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, La Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Béliard
- Aix Marseille University, INSERM, INRA, C2VN, Marseille, France.,Department of Nutrition, Metabolic Diseases, Endocrinology, La Conception Hospital, Marseille, France
| | - Alain Carrié
- Inserm, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), UMR_S1166, APHP, Department of Biochemistry, Obesity and Dyslipidemia Genetics Unit, Hôpital de La Pitié, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Marcello Arca
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, Rome, Italy
| | - Eric Bruckert
- Department of Endocrinology and Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, La Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
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Panza E, Vellecco V, Iannotti FA, Paris D, Manzo OL, Smimmo M, Mitilini N, Boscaino A, de Dominicis G, Bucci M, Di Lorenzo A, Cirino G. Duchenne's muscular dystrophy involves a defective transsulfuration pathway activity. Redox Biol 2021; 45:102040. [PMID: 34174560 PMCID: PMC8246642 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.102040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is the most frequent X chromosome-linked disease caused by mutations in the gene encoding for dystrophin, leading to progressive and unstoppable degeneration of skeletal muscle tissues. Despite recent advances in the understanding of the molecular processes involved in the pathogenesis of DMD, there is still no cure. In this study, we aim at investigating the potential involvement of the transsulfuration pathway (TSP), and its by-end product namely hydrogen sulfide (H2S), in primary human myoblasts isolated from DMD donors and skeletal muscles of dystrophic (mdx) mice. In myoblasts of DMD donors, we demonstrate that the expression of key genes regulating the H2S production and TSP activity, including cystathionine γ lyase (CSE), cystathionine beta-synthase (CBS), 3 mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (3-MST), cysteine dioxygenase (CDO), cysteine sulfonic acid decarboxylase (CSAD), glutathione synthase (GS) and γ -glutamylcysteine synthetase (γ-GCS) is reduced. Starting from these findings, using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR) we show that the levels of TSP-related metabolites such as methionine, glycine, glutathione, glutamate and taurine, as well as the expression levels of the aforementioned TSP related genes, are significantly reduced in skeletal muscles of mdx mice compared to healthy controls, at both an early (7 weeks) and overt (17 weeks) stage of the disease. Importantly, the treatment with sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS), a commonly used H2S donor, fully recovers the impaired locomotor activity in both 7 and 17 old mdx mice. This is an effect attributable to the reduced expression of pro-inflammatory markers and restoration of autophagy in skeletal muscle tissues. In conclusion, our study uncovers a defective TSP pathway activity in DMD and highlights the role of H2S-donors for novel and safe adjuvant therapy to treat symptoms of DMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Panza
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - V Vellecco
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - F A Iannotti
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry (ICB), National Research Council (CNR), Pozzuoli (NA), Italy
| | - D Paris
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry (ICB), National Research Council (CNR), Pozzuoli (NA), Italy
| | - O L Manzo
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy; Center for Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - M Smimmo
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - N Mitilini
- UOSC, Pathological Anatomy, A. Cardarelli Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - A Boscaino
- UOSC, Pathological Anatomy, A. Cardarelli Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - G de Dominicis
- UOSC, Pathological Anatomy, A. Cardarelli Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - M Bucci
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
| | - A Di Lorenzo
- Center for Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - G Cirino
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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D’Ardes D, Rossi I, Bucciarelli B, Allegra M, Bianco F, Sinjari B, Marchioni M, Di Nicola M, Santilli F, Guagnano MT, Cipollone F, Bucci M. Metabolic Changes in SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Clinical Data and Molecular Hypothesis to Explain Alterations of Lipid Profile and Thyroid Function Observed in COVID-19 Patients. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11080860. [PMID: 34440605 PMCID: PMC8400261 DOI: 10.3390/life11080860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
It seems that during SARS-CoV-2 infection, total cholesterol, LDL-C, and HDL-C values decrease and lipids could play a fundamental role in viral replication. Moreover, it has been shown that SARS-CoV-2 infection could influence thyroid function. We performed a retrospective analysis of 118 hospitalized patients with COVID-19, comparing pre-infection lipid profile (53 patients) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) values (45 patients) to those measured on admission. Our aim was to evaluate whether SARS-CoV-2 infection could be involved in thyroid and lipid profile alterations and study possible correlations with disease severity and clinical outcome. Median baseline values at the admission time were: total cholesterol at 136.89 ± 42.73 mg/dL, LDL-C 81.53 ± 30.35 mg/dL, and HDL-C 32.36 ± 15.13 mg/dL; and triglycerides at 115.00 ± 40.45 mg/dL, non-HDL-C 104.53 ± 32.63 md/dL, and TSH 1.15 ± 1.08 μUI/mL. Median values of pre-infection total cholesterol, HDL-C, and TSH were significantly higher than those measured at the admission time (p value < 0.05). The C-reactive protein (CRP) negatively correlated with LDL-C (p = 0.013) and HDL-C (p = 0.05). Our data underline a possible impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on thyroid function. Moreover it suggests a possible relation between COVID-19 and the lipid profile with a negative correlation between CRP, LDL-C, and HDL-C values, proposing the hypothesis that lipid lowering could follow the rising of the COVID-19 inflammatory state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damiano D’Ardes
- “Clinica Medica” Institute, Department of “Medicine and Science of Aging”, “G. d’Annunzio” University, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (B.B.); (M.A.); (F.S.); (M.T.G.); (F.C.); (M.B.)
- Azienda Sanitaria Locale n° 2 Abruzzo Lanciano-Vasto-Chieti, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Correspondence: (D.D.); (I.R.)
| | - Ilaria Rossi
- “Clinica Medica” Institute, Department of “Medicine and Science of Aging”, “G. d’Annunzio” University, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (B.B.); (M.A.); (F.S.); (M.T.G.); (F.C.); (M.B.)
- Correspondence: (D.D.); (I.R.)
| | - Benedetta Bucciarelli
- “Clinica Medica” Institute, Department of “Medicine and Science of Aging”, “G. d’Annunzio” University, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (B.B.); (M.A.); (F.S.); (M.T.G.); (F.C.); (M.B.)
| | - Marco Allegra
- “Clinica Medica” Institute, Department of “Medicine and Science of Aging”, “G. d’Annunzio” University, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (B.B.); (M.A.); (F.S.); (M.T.G.); (F.C.); (M.B.)
| | - Francesco Bianco
- Pediatric Cardiology and Adult Congenital Heart Disease, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria “Ospedali Riuniti” of Ancona, 60126 Ancona, Italy;
| | - Bruna Sinjari
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, “G. d’Annunzio” University, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
| | - Michele Marchioni
- Laboratory of Biostatistics, Department of “Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences”, “G. d’Annunzio” University, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (M.M.); (M.D.N.)
| | - Marta Di Nicola
- Laboratory of Biostatistics, Department of “Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences”, “G. d’Annunzio” University, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (M.M.); (M.D.N.)
| | - Francesca Santilli
- “Clinica Medica” Institute, Department of “Medicine and Science of Aging”, “G. d’Annunzio” University, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (B.B.); (M.A.); (F.S.); (M.T.G.); (F.C.); (M.B.)
- Azienda Sanitaria Locale n° 2 Abruzzo Lanciano-Vasto-Chieti, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Guagnano
- “Clinica Medica” Institute, Department of “Medicine and Science of Aging”, “G. d’Annunzio” University, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (B.B.); (M.A.); (F.S.); (M.T.G.); (F.C.); (M.B.)
- Azienda Sanitaria Locale n° 2 Abruzzo Lanciano-Vasto-Chieti, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Francesco Cipollone
- “Clinica Medica” Institute, Department of “Medicine and Science of Aging”, “G. d’Annunzio” University, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (B.B.); (M.A.); (F.S.); (M.T.G.); (F.C.); (M.B.)
- Azienda Sanitaria Locale n° 2 Abruzzo Lanciano-Vasto-Chieti, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Marco Bucci
- “Clinica Medica” Institute, Department of “Medicine and Science of Aging”, “G. d’Annunzio” University, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (B.B.); (M.A.); (F.S.); (M.T.G.); (F.C.); (M.B.)
- Azienda Sanitaria Locale n° 2 Abruzzo Lanciano-Vasto-Chieti, 66100 Chieti, Italy
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Rossi I, D'Ardes D, Bucciarelli B, Allegra M, Guagnano M, Santilli F, Bianco F, Marchioni M, Di Nicola M, Cipollone F, Bucci M. Cholesterol and COVID-19: Findings from lipid profile of patients with SARS-COV-2 infection. Atherosclerosis 2021. [PMCID: PMC8415859 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2021.06.393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Bucci M, Savitcheva I, Farrar G, Salvadó G, Collij L, Doré V, Gispert JD, Gunn R, Hanseeuw B, Hansson O, Shekari M, Lhommel R, Molinuevo JL, Rowe C, Sur C, Whittington A, Buckley C, Nordberg A. A multisite analysis of the concordance between visual image interpretation and quantitative analysis of [ 18F]flutemetamol amyloid PET images. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2021; 48:2183-2199. [PMID: 33844055 PMCID: PMC8175298 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-021-05311-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND [18F]flutemetamol PET scanning provides information on brain amyloid load and has been approved for routine clinical use based upon visual interpretation as either negative (equating to none or sparse amyloid plaques) or amyloid positive (equating to moderate or frequent plaques). Quantitation is however fundamental to the practice of nuclear medicine and hence can be used to supplement amyloid reading methodology especially in unclear cases. METHODS A total of 2770 [18F]flutemetamol images were collected from 3 clinical studies and 6 research cohorts with available visual reading of [18F]flutemetamol and quantitative analysis of images. These were assessed further to examine both the discordance and concordance between visual and quantitative imaging primarily using thresholds robustly established using pathology as the standard of truth. Scans covered a wide range of cases (i.e. from cognitively unimpaired subjects to patients attending the memory clinics). Methods of quantifying amyloid ranged from using CE/510K cleared marked software (e.g. CortexID, Brass), to other research-based methods (e.g. PMOD, CapAIBL). Additionally, the clinical follow-up of two types of discordance between visual and quantitation (V+Q- and V-Q+) was examined with competing risk regression analysis to assess possible differences in prediction for progression to Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other diagnoses (OD). RESULTS Weighted mean concordance between visual and quantitation using the autopsy-derived threshold was 94% using pons as the reference region. Concordance from a sensitivity analysis which assessed the maximum agreement for each cohort using a range of cut-off values was also estimated at approximately 96% (weighted mean). Agreement was generally higher in clinical cases compared to research cases. V-Q+ discordant cases were 11% more likely to progress to AD than V+Q- for the SUVr with pons as reference region. CONCLUSIONS Quantitation of amyloid PET shows a high agreement vs binary visual reading and also allows for a continuous measure that, in conjunction with possible discordant analysis, could be used in the future to identify possible earlier pathological deposition as well as monitor disease progression and treatment effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Bucci
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Irina Savitcheva
- Medical Radiation Physics and Nuclear Medicine, Section for Nuclear Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gill Farrar
- Pharmaceutical Diagnostics, GE Healthcare, Amersham, UK
| | - Gemma Salvadó
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain.,IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lyduine Collij
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan, 1117, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Vincent Doré
- Austin Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Health and Biosecurity, CSIRO, Parkville, Australia
| | - Juan Domingo Gispert
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain.,IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Bioingenieriá, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, (CIBER-BBN), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roger Gunn
- Invicro, London, UK.,Division of Brain Sciences, Department of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Bernard Hanseeuw
- Neurology and Nuclear Medicine Departments, Saint-Luc University Hospital, Av. Hippocrate, 10, 1200, Brussels, Belgium.,Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Oskar Hansson
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmo, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Mahnaz Shekari
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain.,IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Renaud Lhommel
- Neurology and Nuclear Medicine Departments, Saint-Luc University Hospital, Av. Hippocrate, 10, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - José Luis Molinuevo
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain.,IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Christopher Rowe
- Austin Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | | | | | - Agneta Nordberg
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. .,Department of Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Rebelos E, Honka MJ, Ekblad L, Bucci M, Hannukainen JC, Fernandes Silva L, Virtanen KA, Nummenmaa L, Nuutila P. The Obesity Risk SNP (rs17782313) near the MC4R Gene Is Not Associated with Brain Glucose Uptake during Insulin Clamp-A Study in Finns. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10061312. [PMID: 33806715 PMCID: PMC8004974 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10061312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The melanocortin system is involved in the control of adiposity through modulation of food intake and energy expenditure. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs17782313 near the MC4R gene has been linked to obesity, and a previous study using magnetoencephalography has shown that carriers of the mutant allele have decreased cerebrocortical response to insulin. Thus, in this study, we addressed whether rs17782313 associates with brain glucose uptake (BGU). Here, [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (PET) data from 113 Finnish subjects scanned under insulin clamp conditions who also had the rs17782313 determined were compiled from a single-center cohort. BGU was quantified by the fractional uptake rate. Statistical analysis was performed with statistical parametric mapping. There was no difference in age, BMI, and insulin sensitivity as indexed by the M value between the rs17782313-C allele carriers and non-carriers. Brain glucose uptake during insulin clamp was not different by gene allele, and it correlated with the M value, in both the rs17782313-C allele carriers and non-carriers. The obesity risk SNP rs17782313 near the MC4R gene is not associated with brain glucose uptake during insulin clamp in humans, and this frequent mutation cannot explain the enhanced brain glucose metabolic rates in insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Rebelos
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland; (L.E.); (M.B.); (J.C.H.); (K.A.V.); (L.N.)
- Correspondence: (E.R.); (P.N.); Tel.: +39-3488454140 (E.R.); +358-2313-1868 (P.N.)
| | | | - Laura Ekblad
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland; (L.E.); (M.B.); (J.C.H.); (K.A.V.); (L.N.)
| | - Marco Bucci
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland; (L.E.); (M.B.); (J.C.H.); (K.A.V.); (L.N.)
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jarna C. Hannukainen
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland; (L.E.); (M.B.); (J.C.H.); (K.A.V.); (L.N.)
| | - Lilian Fernandes Silva
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland;
| | - Kirsi A. Virtanen
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland; (L.E.); (M.B.); (J.C.H.); (K.A.V.); (L.N.)
| | - Lauri Nummenmaa
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland; (L.E.); (M.B.); (J.C.H.); (K.A.V.); (L.N.)
- Department of Psychology, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Pirjo Nuutila
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland; (L.E.); (M.B.); (J.C.H.); (K.A.V.); (L.N.)
- Department of Endocrinology, Turku University Hospital, 20521 Turku, Finland
- Correspondence: (E.R.); (P.N.); Tel.: +39-3488454140 (E.R.); +358-2313-1868 (P.N.)
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Rebelos E, Bucci M, Karjalainen T, Oikonen V, Bertoldo A, Hannukainen JC, Virtanen KA, Latva-Rasku A, Hirvonen J, Heinonen I, Parkkola R, Laakso M, Ferrannini E, Iozzo P, Nummenmaa L, Nuutila P. Insulin Resistance Is Associated With Enhanced Brain Glucose Uptake During Euglycemic Hyperinsulinemia: A Large-Scale PET Cohort. Diabetes Care 2021; 44:788-794. [PMID: 33446523 PMCID: PMC7896252 DOI: 10.2337/dc20-1549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Whereas insulin resistance is expressed as reduced glucose uptake in peripheral tissues, the relationship between insulin resistance and brain glucose metabolism remains controversial. Our aim was to examine the association of insulin resistance and brain glucose uptake (BGU) during a euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp in a large sample of study participants across a wide range of age and insulin sensitivity. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (PET) data from 194 participants scanned under clamp conditions were compiled from a single-center cohort. BGU was quantified by the fractional uptake rate. We examined the association of age, sex, M value from the clamp, steady-state insulin and free fatty acid levels, C-reactive protein levels, HbA1c, and presence of type 2 diabetes with BGU using Bayesian hierarchical modeling. RESULTS Insulin sensitivity, indexed by the M value, was associated negatively with BGU in all brain regions, confirming that in insulin-resistant participants BGU was enhanced during euglycemic hyperinsulinemia. In addition, the presence of type 2 diabetes was associated with additional increase in BGU. On the contrary, age was negatively related to BGU. Steady-state insulin levels, C-reactive protein and free fatty acid levels, sex, and HbA1c were not associated with BGU. CONCLUSIONS In this large cohort of participants of either sex across a wide range of age and insulin sensitivity, insulin sensitivity was the best predictor of BGU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Rebelos
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Marco Bucci
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Vesa Oikonen
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | | | | | - Kirsi A Virtanen
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - Jussi Hirvonen
- Department of Radiology, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Ilkka Heinonen
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Rydberg Laboratory of Applied Sciences, University of Halmstad, Halmstad, Sweden
| | - Riitta Parkkola
- Department of Radiology, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Markku Laakso
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Ele Ferrannini
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy
| | - Patricia Iozzo
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy
| | - Lauri Nummenmaa
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Department of Psychology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Pirjo Nuutila
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland .,Department of Endocrinology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
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Snellman A, Ekblad LL, Tuisku J, Helin S, Bucci M, Karjalainen T, Parkkola R, Karrasch M, Rinne JO. Effect of APOE‐E4 gene dose on regional early neuroinflammation and beta‐amyloid deposition in cognitively normal elderly volunteers. Alzheimers Dement 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/alz.043359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anniina Snellman
- Turku PET Centre University of Turku Turku Finland
- The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Laura L. Ekblad
- University of Turku Turku Finland
- Amsterdam UMC Amsterdam Netherlands
| | | | | | - Marco Bucci
- Turku PET Centre University of Turku Turku Finland
- Turku PET Centre Åbo Akademi University Turku Finland
| | | | | | | | - Juha O. Rinne
- University of Turku Turku Finland
- Turku University Hospital Turku Finland
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D'Ardes D, Cocomello N, Rossi I, Perla F, Scorpiglione L, Baratta F, Bucciarelli B, Del Ben M, Angelico F, Cipollone F, Bucci M. Correlation between Dutch lipid score and genetic diagnosis of FH in pediatric patients. Atherosclerosis 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2020.10.648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Bertolini S, Calandra S, Arca M, Averna M, Catapano AL, Tarugi P, Bartuli A, Bucci M, Buonuomo PS, Calabrò P, Casula M, Cefalù AB, Cicero A, D'Addato S, D'Erasmo L, Fasano T, Iannuzzo G, Ibba A, Negri EA, Pasta A, Pavanello C, Pisciotta L, Rabacchi C, Ripoli C, Sampietro T, Sbrana F, Sileo F, Suppressa P, Trenti C, Zenti MG. Homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia in Italy: Clinical and molecular features. Atherosclerosis 2020; 312:72-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2020.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Piragine E, Martelli A, Citi V, Testai L, Brancaleone V, Vellecco V, Bucci M, Pagnotta E, Ugolini L, Lazzeri L, Calderone V. The H2S-donor Erucin, a natural isothiocyanate from Eruca sativa Mill., protects vascular cells against oxidative stress and inflammation. Vascul Pharmacol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2020.106740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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D’Ardes D, Pontolillo M, Esposito L, Masciarelli M, Boccatonda A, Rossi I, Bucci M, Guagnano MT, Ucciferri C, Santilli F, Di Nicola M, Falasca K, Vecchiet J, Schael T, Cipollone F. Duration of COVID-19: Data from an Italian Cohort and Potential Role for Steroids. Microorganisms 2020; 8:E1327. [PMID: 32878286 PMCID: PMC7564504 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8091327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The diffusion of SARS-CoV-2, starting from China in December 2019, has led to a pandemic, reaching Italy in February 2020. Previous studies in Asia have shown that the median duration of SARS-CoV-2 viral shedding was approximately 12-20 days. We considered a cohort of patients recovered from COVID-19 showing that the median disease duration between onset and end of COVID-19 symptoms was 27.5 days (interquartile range (IQR): 17.0-33.2) and that the median duration between onset of symptoms and microbiological healing, defined by two consecutive negative nasopharyngeal swabs, was 38 days (IQR: 31.7-50.2). A longer duration of COVID-19 with delayed clinical healing (symptom-free) occurred in patients presenting at admission a lower PaO2/FiO2 ratio (p < 0.001), a more severe clinical presentation (p = 0.001) and a lower lymphocyte count (p = 0.035). Moreover, patients presenting at admission a lower PaO2/FiO2 ratio and more severe disease showed longer viral shedding (p = 0.031 and p = 0.032, respectively). In addition, patients treated with corticosteroids had delayed clinical healing (p = 0.013).
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Affiliation(s)
- Damiano D’Ardes
- “Clinica Medica” Institute, Department of “Medicine and Science of Aging”, “G. d′Annunzio” University, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (L.E.); (A.B.); (I.R.); (M.B.); (M.T.G.); (F.S.); (F.C.)
- Azienda Sanitaria Locale no. 2 Abruzzo Lanciano-Vasto-Chieti, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (M.P.); (C.U.); (K.F.); (J.V.); (T.S.)
| | - Michela Pontolillo
- Azienda Sanitaria Locale no. 2 Abruzzo Lanciano-Vasto-Chieti, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (M.P.); (C.U.); (K.F.); (J.V.); (T.S.)
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of “Medicine and Science of Aging”, “G. d′Annunzio” University, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Lucia Esposito
- “Clinica Medica” Institute, Department of “Medicine and Science of Aging”, “G. d′Annunzio” University, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (L.E.); (A.B.); (I.R.); (M.B.); (M.T.G.); (F.S.); (F.C.)
| | - Mara Masciarelli
- Unit of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Department of “Medicine and Science of Aging”, “G. d′Annunzio” University, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
| | - Andrea Boccatonda
- “Clinica Medica” Institute, Department of “Medicine and Science of Aging”, “G. d′Annunzio” University, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (L.E.); (A.B.); (I.R.); (M.B.); (M.T.G.); (F.S.); (F.C.)
| | - Ilaria Rossi
- “Clinica Medica” Institute, Department of “Medicine and Science of Aging”, “G. d′Annunzio” University, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (L.E.); (A.B.); (I.R.); (M.B.); (M.T.G.); (F.S.); (F.C.)
| | - Marco Bucci
- “Clinica Medica” Institute, Department of “Medicine and Science of Aging”, “G. d′Annunzio” University, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (L.E.); (A.B.); (I.R.); (M.B.); (M.T.G.); (F.S.); (F.C.)
- Azienda Sanitaria Locale no. 2 Abruzzo Lanciano-Vasto-Chieti, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (M.P.); (C.U.); (K.F.); (J.V.); (T.S.)
| | - Maria Teresa Guagnano
- “Clinica Medica” Institute, Department of “Medicine and Science of Aging”, “G. d′Annunzio” University, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (L.E.); (A.B.); (I.R.); (M.B.); (M.T.G.); (F.S.); (F.C.)
- Azienda Sanitaria Locale no. 2 Abruzzo Lanciano-Vasto-Chieti, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (M.P.); (C.U.); (K.F.); (J.V.); (T.S.)
| | - Claudio Ucciferri
- Azienda Sanitaria Locale no. 2 Abruzzo Lanciano-Vasto-Chieti, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (M.P.); (C.U.); (K.F.); (J.V.); (T.S.)
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of “Medicine and Science of Aging”, “G. d′Annunzio” University, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Francesca Santilli
- “Clinica Medica” Institute, Department of “Medicine and Science of Aging”, “G. d′Annunzio” University, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (L.E.); (A.B.); (I.R.); (M.B.); (M.T.G.); (F.S.); (F.C.)
- Azienda Sanitaria Locale no. 2 Abruzzo Lanciano-Vasto-Chieti, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (M.P.); (C.U.); (K.F.); (J.V.); (T.S.)
| | - Marta Di Nicola
- Laboratory of Biostatistics, Department of “Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences”, “G. d’Annunzio” University, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
| | - Katia Falasca
- Azienda Sanitaria Locale no. 2 Abruzzo Lanciano-Vasto-Chieti, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (M.P.); (C.U.); (K.F.); (J.V.); (T.S.)
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of “Medicine and Science of Aging”, “G. d′Annunzio” University, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Jacopo Vecchiet
- Azienda Sanitaria Locale no. 2 Abruzzo Lanciano-Vasto-Chieti, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (M.P.); (C.U.); (K.F.); (J.V.); (T.S.)
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of “Medicine and Science of Aging”, “G. d′Annunzio” University, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Thomas Schael
- Azienda Sanitaria Locale no. 2 Abruzzo Lanciano-Vasto-Chieti, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (M.P.); (C.U.); (K.F.); (J.V.); (T.S.)
| | - Francesco Cipollone
- “Clinica Medica” Institute, Department of “Medicine and Science of Aging”, “G. d′Annunzio” University, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (L.E.); (A.B.); (I.R.); (M.B.); (M.T.G.); (F.S.); (F.C.)
- Azienda Sanitaria Locale no. 2 Abruzzo Lanciano-Vasto-Chieti, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (M.P.); (C.U.); (K.F.); (J.V.); (T.S.)
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Rebelos E, Hirvonen J, Bucci M, Pekkarinen L, Nyman M, Hannukainen JC, Iozzo P, Salminen P, Nummenmaa L, Ferrannini E, Nuutila P. Brain free fatty acid uptake is elevated in morbid obesity, and is irreversible 6 months after bariatric surgery: A positron emission tomography study. Diabetes Obes Metab 2020; 22:1074-1082. [PMID: 32052537 PMCID: PMC7318232 DOI: 10.1111/dom.13996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate whether there are differences in brain fatty acid uptake (BFAU) between morbidly obese and lean subjects, and the effect of weight loss following bariatric surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS We measured BFAU with 14(R, S)-[18 F]fluoro-6-thia-heptadecanoic acid and positron emission tomography in 24 morbidly obese and 14 lean women. Obese subjects were restudied 6 months after bariatric surgery. We also assessed whether there was hypothalamic neuroinflammation in the obese subjects using fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) magnetic resonance imaging. RESULTS Obese subjects had a higher BFAU than lean subjects (1.12 [0.61] vs. 0.72 [0.50] μmol 100 g-1 min-1 , P = 0.0002), driven by higher fatty acid uptake availability. BFAU correlated positively with BMI (P = 0.006, r = 0.48), whole body fatty acid oxidation (P = 0.006, r = 0.47) and leptin levels (P = 0.001, r = 0.54). When BFAU, leptin and body mass index (BMI) were included in the same model, the association between BFAU and leptin was the strongest. BFAU did not correlate with FLAIR-derived estimates of hypothalamic inflammation. Six months after bariatric surgery, obese subjects achieved significant weight loss (-10 units of BMI). BFAU was not significantly changed (1.12 [0.61] vs. 1.09 [0.39] μmol 100 g-1 min-1 , ns), probably because of the ongoing catabolic state. Finally, baseline BFAU predicted worse plasma glucose levels at 2 years of follow-up. CONCLUSIONS BFAU is increased in morbidly obese compared with lean subjects, and is unchanged 6 months after bariatric surgery. Baseline BFAU predicts worse plasma glucose levels at follow-up, supporting the notion that the brain participates in the control of whole-body homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Rebelos
- Turku PET CentreUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
- Turku PET CentreÅbo AkademiTurkuFinland
| | - Jussi Hirvonen
- Department of RadiologyTurku University Hospital and University of TurkuTurkuFinland
| | - Marco Bucci
- Turku PET CentreUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
- Turku PET CentreÅbo AkademiTurkuFinland
| | | | - Mikko Nyman
- Department of RadiologyTurku University Hospital and University of TurkuTurkuFinland
| | | | - Patricia Iozzo
- Turku PET CentreUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
- Institute of Clinical PhysiologyNational Research Council (CNR)PisaItaly
| | - Paulina Salminen
- Department of Digestive Surgery and UrologyTurku University HospitalTurkuFinland
| | - Lauri Nummenmaa
- Turku PET CentreUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
| | - Ele Ferrannini
- Institute of Clinical PhysiologyNational Research Council (CNR)PisaItaly
| | - Pirjo Nuutila
- Turku PET CentreUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
- Department of EndocrinologyTurku University HospitalTurkuFinland
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Rebelos E, Mari A, Bucci M, Honka M, Hannukainen JC, Virtanen KA, Hirvonen J, Nummenmaa L, Heni M, Iozzo P, Ferrannini E, Nuutila P. Brain substrate metabolism and ß-cell function in humans: A positron emission tomography study. Endocrinol Diabetes Metab 2020; 3:e00136. [PMID: 32704559 PMCID: PMC7375082 DOI: 10.1002/edm2.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Recent clinical studies have shown enhanced brain glucose uptake during clamp and brain fatty acid uptake in insulin-resistant individuals. Preclinical studies suggest that the brain may be involved in the control of insulin secretion. The aim of this study was to investigate whether brain metabolism assessed as brain glucose and fatty acid uptake is associated with the parameters of β-cell function in humans. MATERIALS AND METHODS We analysed cross-sectional data of 120 subjects across a wide range of BMI and insulin sensitivity. Brain glucose uptake (BGU) was measured during euglycaemic-hyperinsulinaemic clamp (n = 67) and/or during fasting (n = 45) using [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET). In another group of subjects (n = 34), brain fatty acid uptake was measured using [18F]-fluoro-6-thia-heptadecanoic acid (FTHA) PET during fasting. The parameters of β-cell function were derived from OGTT modelling. Statistical analysis was performed with whole-brain voxel-based statistical parametric mapping. RESULTS In non-diabetics, BGU during euglycaemic hyperinsulinaemic clamp correlated positively with basal insulin secretion rate (r = 0.51, P = .0008) and total insulin output (r = 0.51, P = .0008), whereas no correlation was found in type 2 diabetics. BGU during clamp correlated positively with potentiation in non-diabetics (r = 0.33, P = .02) and negatively in type 2 diabetics (r = -0.61, P = .02). The associations in non-diabetics were not explained with whole-body insulin sensitivity or BMI. No correlations were found between baseline (fasting) BGU and basal insulin secretion rate, whereas baseline brain fatty acid uptake correlated directly with basal insulin secretion rate (r = 0.39, P = .02) and inversely with potentiation (r = -0.36, P = .04). CONCLUSIONS Our study provides coherent, though correlative, evidence that, in humans, the brain may be involved in the control of insulin secretion independently of insulin sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea Mari
- Institute of NeuroscienceNational Research CouncilPaduaItaly
| | - Marco Bucci
- Turku PET CentreUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
| | | | | | - Kirsi A. Virtanen
- Turku PET CentreUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
- Clinical NutritionInstitute of Public Health and Clinical NutritionUniversity of Eastern Finland (UEF)KuopioFinland
| | - Jussi Hirvonen
- Department of RadiologyTurku University Hospital and University of TurkuTurkuFinland
| | - Lauri Nummenmaa
- Turku PET CentreUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
| | - Martin Heni
- Department of Internal MedicineDivision of EndocrinologyDiabetology, Angiology, Nephrology and Clinical ChemistryEberhard Karls University TuebingenTuebingenGermany
- Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz CenterMunich at the University of TuebingenTuebingenGermany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.)NeuherbergGermany
| | - Patricia Iozzo
- Turku PET CentreUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
- Institute of Clinical PhysiologyNational Research Council (CNR)PisaItaly
| | - Ele Ferrannini
- Institute of Clinical PhysiologyNational Research Council (CNR)PisaItaly
| | - Pirjo Nuutila
- Turku PET CentreUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
- Department of EndocrinologyTurku University HospitalTurkuFinland
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D'Ardes D, Boccatonda A, Rossi I, Pontolillo M, Cocco G, Schiavone C, Santilli F, Guagnano MT, Bucci M, Cipollone F. Long-term Positivity to SARS-CoV-2: A Clinical Case of COVID-19 with Persistent Evidence of Infection. Eur J Case Rep Intern Med 2020; 7:001707. [PMID: 32523924 PMCID: PMC7279900 DOI: 10.12890/2020_001707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In December 2019, an outbreak of a new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) was reported in Hubei province in China. The disease has since spread worldwide and the World Health Organization declared it a pandemic on 11 March 2020. We describe the case of a 65-year-old woman who clinically recovered from COVID-19 but showed persistent infection with SARS-CoV-2 for 51 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damiano D'Ardes
- Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, 'G. D'Annunzio' University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Andrea Boccatonda
- Ultrasound Unit, Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, 'G. D'Annunzio' University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Ilaria Rossi
- Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, 'G. D'Annunzio' University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Michela Pontolillo
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Giulio Cocco
- Ultrasound Unit, Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, 'G. D'Annunzio' University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Cosima Schiavone
- Ultrasound Unit, Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, 'G. D'Annunzio' University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Francesca Santilli
- Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, 'G. D'Annunzio' University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Guagnano
- Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, 'G. D'Annunzio' University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Marco Bucci
- Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, 'G. D'Annunzio' University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Francesco Cipollone
- Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, 'G. D'Annunzio' University, Chieti, Italy
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D’Ardes D, Boccatonda A, Rossi I, Guagnano MT, Santilli F, Cipollone F, Bucci M. COVID-19 and RAS: Unravelling an Unclear Relationship. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E3003. [PMID: 32344526 PMCID: PMC7215550 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21083003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) plays a main role in regulating blood pressure and electrolyte and liquid balance. Previous evidence suggests that RAS may represent an important target for the treatment of lung pathologies, especially for acute respiratory distress syndrome and chronic fibrotic disease. The scientific community has recently focused its attention on angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin receptor 1 (AT1R) inhibitors and their possible benefit/harms for patients infected by Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) who experience pneumonia, but there are still some doubts about the effects of these drugs in this setting.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Francesca Santilli
- Clinica Medica Institute, European Center of Excellence on Atherosclerosis, Hypertension and Dyslipidemia, “G. D’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy (A.B.); (I.R.); (M.T.G.); (F.C.); (M.B.)
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D'Ardes D, Boccatonda A, Schiavone C, Santilli F, Guagnano MT, Bucci M, Cipollone F. A Case of Coinfection with SARS-COV-2 and Cytomegalovirus in the Era of COVID-19. Eur J Case Rep Intern Med 2020; 7:001652. [PMID: 32399451 PMCID: PMC7213827 DOI: 10.12890/2020_001652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The World Health Organization has declared novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) an international public health emergency. We describe the case of a 92-year-old woman who was admitted to our unit with fever and chills with laboratory evidence of coinfection with SARS-CoV-2 and cytomegalovirus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damiano D'Ardes
- Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, 'G. D'Annunzio' University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Andrea Boccatonda
- Ultrasound Unit, Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, 'G. D'Annunzio' University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Cosima Schiavone
- Ultrasound Unit, Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, 'G. D'Annunzio' University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Francesca Santilli
- Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, 'G. D'Annunzio' University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Guagnano
- Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, 'G. D'Annunzio' University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Marco Bucci
- Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, 'G. D'Annunzio' University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Francesco Cipollone
- Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, 'G. D'Annunzio' University, Chieti, Italy
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Klén R, Honka MJ, Hannukainen JC, Huovinen V, Bucci M, Latva-Rasku A, Venäläinen MS, Kalliokoski KK, Virtanen KA, Lautamäki R, Iozzo P, Elo LL, Nuutila P. Predicting Skeletal Muscle and Whole-Body Insulin Sensitivity Using NMR-Metabolomic Profiling. J Endocr Soc 2020; 4:bvaa026. [PMID: 32232183 PMCID: PMC7093091 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvaa026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Abnormal lipoprotein and amino acid profiles are associated with insulin resistance and may help to identify this condition. The aim of this study was to create models estimating skeletal muscle and whole-body insulin sensitivity using fasting metabolite profiles and common clinical and laboratory measures. MATERIAL AND METHODS The cross-sectional study population included 259 subjects with normal or impaired fasting glucose or type 2 diabetes in whom skeletal muscle and whole-body insulin sensitivity (M-value) were measured during euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp. Muscle glucose uptake (GU) was measured directly using [18F]FDG-PET. Serum metabolites were measured using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. We used linear regression to build the models for the muscle GU (Muscle-insulin sensitivity index [ISI]) and M-value (whole-body [WB]-ISI). The models were created and tested using randomly selected training (n = 173) and test groups (n = 86). The models were compared to common fasting indices of insulin sensitivity, homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and the revised quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI). RESULTS WB-ISI had higher correlation with actual M-value than HOMA-IR or revised QUICKI (ρ = 0.83 vs -0.67 and 0.66; P < 0.05 for both comparisons), whereas the correlation of Muscle-ISI with the actual skeletal muscle GU was not significantly stronger than HOMA-IR's or revised QUICKI's (ρ = 0.67 vs -0.58 and 0.59; both nonsignificant) in the test dataset. CONCLUSION Muscle-ISI and WB-ISI based on NMR-metabolomics and common laboratory measurements from fasting serum samples and basic anthropometrics are promising rapid and inexpensive tools for determining insulin sensitivity in at-risk individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riku Klén
- Turku Bioscience, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | | | | | - Ville Huovinen
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Radiology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Department of Radiology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Marco Bucci
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Turku PET Centre, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Mikko S Venäläinen
- Turku Bioscience, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Kirsi A Virtanen
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Riikka Lautamäki
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Heart Centre, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Patricia Iozzo
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy
| | - Laura L Elo
- Turku Bioscience, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Pirjo Nuutila
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Endocrinology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
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Nazari-Farsani S, Nyman M, Karjalainen T, Bucci M, Isojärvi J, Nummenmaa L. Automated segmentation of acute stroke lesions using a data-driven anomaly detection on diffusion weighted MRI. J Neurosci Methods 2020; 333:108575. [PMID: 31904391 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2019.108575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Successful delineation of lesions in acute ischemic strokes (AIS) is crucial for increasing the likelihood of good clinical outcome for the patient. NEW METHODS We developed a fully automated method to localize and segment AIS lesions in variable locations for 192 multimodal 3D-magnetic resonance images (MRI) including 106 stroke and 86 healthy cases. The method works based on the Crawford-Howell t-test and comparison of stroke images to healthy controls. We then developed a classifier to discriminate the images into stroke or non-stroke categories following the lesion segmentation. RESULTS The mean Dice similarity coefficient (DSC) for the test set was 0.50 ± 0.21 (min-max: 0.07-0.83) and mean net overlap was 0.66 ± 0.18 (min-max: 0.22-1). The experimental results for the classification of strokes from non-strokes showed mean accuracy, precision, sensitivity, and specificity of 73 %, 0.77 %, 84 %, and 69 %, respectively. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHOD The performance of our methods is comparable with previously published approaches based on machine learning and/or deep learning lesion segmentation techniques. However, most of the previously published methods have yielded low sensitivity, are computationally heavy, and difficult to interpret. The present approach is a significant improvement because it does not require high computation power and memory and can be implemented on a desktop workstation and integrated into the routine clinical diagnostic pipeline. CONCLUSIONS The current method is straightforward, fast, and shows good agreement with the lesions identified by human experts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mikko Nyman
- Department of Radiology, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, Finland
| | - Tomi Karjalainen
- Turku PET Centre and Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, Finland
| | - Marco Bucci
- Turku PET Centre and Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, Finland; Turku PET Centre, Åbo Akademi University, Finland
| | - Janne Isojärvi
- Turku PET Centre and Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, Finland
| | - Lauri Nummenmaa
- Turku PET Centre and Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, Finland; Department of Psychology, University of Turku, Finland
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Karjalainen T, Tuisku J, Santavirta S, Kantonen T, Bucci M, Tuominen L, Hirvonen J, Hietala J, Rinne JO, Nummenmaa L. Magia: Robust Automated Image Processing and Kinetic Modeling Toolbox for PET Neuroinformatics. Front Neuroinform 2020; 14:3. [PMID: 32116627 PMCID: PMC7012016 DOI: 10.3389/fninf.2020.00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Processing of positron emission tomography (PET) data typically involves manual work, causing inter-operator variance. Here we introduce the Magia toolbox that enables processing of brain PET data with minimal user intervention. We investigated the accuracy of Magia with four tracers: [11C]carfentanil, [11C]raclopride, [11C]MADAM, and [11C]PiB. We used data from 30 control subjects for each tracer. Five operators manually delineated reference regions for each subject. The data were processed using Magia using the manually and automatically generated reference regions. We first assessed inter-operator variance resulting from the manual delineation of reference regions. We then compared the differences between the manually and automatically produced reference regions and the subsequently obtained binding potentials and standardized-uptake-value-ratios. The results show that manually produced reference regions can be remarkably different from each other, leading to substantial differences also in outcome measures. While the Magia-derived reference regions were anatomically different from the manual ones, Magia produced outcome measures highly consistent with the average of the manually obtained estimates. For [11C]carfentanil and [11C]PiB there was no bias, while for [11C]raclopride and [11C]MADAM Magia produced 3-5% higher binding potentials. Based on these results and considering the high inter-operator variance of the manual method, we conclude that Magia can be reliably used to process brain PET data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomi Karjalainen
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Jouni Tuisku
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Severi Santavirta
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Tatu Kantonen
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Marco Bucci
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Lauri Tuominen
- The Royal’s Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Jussi Hirvonen
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Department of Radiology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Jarmo Hietala
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Juha O. Rinne
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Division of Clinical Neurosciences, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Lauri Nummenmaa
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Department of Psychology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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50
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D'Ardes D, Santilli F, Guagnano MT, Bucci M, Cipollone F. From Endothelium to Lipids, Through microRNAs and PCSK9: A Fascinating Travel Across Atherosclerosis. High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev 2020; 27:1-8. [PMID: 31925708 DOI: 10.1007/s40292-019-00356-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipids and endothelium are pivotal players on the scene of atherosclerosis and their interaction is crucial for the establishment of the pathological processes. The endothelium is not only the border of the arterial wall: it plays a key role in regulating circulating fatty acids and lipoproteins and vice versa it is regulated by these lipidic molecules thereby promoting atherosclerosis. Inflammation is another important element in the relationship between lipids and endothelium. Recently, proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) has been recognized as a fundamental regulator of LDL-C and anti-PCSK9 monoclonal antibodies have been approved for therapeutic use in hypercholesterolemia, with the promise to subvert the natural history of the disease. Moreover, growing experimental and clinical evidence is enlarging our understanding of the mechanisms through which this protein may facilitate the genesis of atherosclerosis, independently of its impact on lipid metabolism. In addition, environmental stimuli may affect the post-transcriptional regulation of genes through micro-RNAs, which in turn play a key role in orchestrating the crosstalk between endothelium and cholesterol. Advances in experimental research, with development of high throughput techniques, have led, over the last century, to a tremendous progress in the understanding and fine tuning of the molecular mechanisms leading to atherosclerosis. Identification of pivotal keystone molecules bridging lipid metabolism, endothelial dysfunction and atherogenesis will provide the mechanistic substrate to test valuable targets for prediction, prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis-related disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- D D'Ardes
- Department of Medicine and Aging, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
- Clinica Medica Division and European Center of Excellence on Atherosclerosis, Hypertension and Dyslipidemia "SS. Annunziata" Hospital, Chieti, Italy
| | - F Santilli
- Department of Medicine and Aging, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
| | - M T Guagnano
- Department of Medicine and Aging, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
| | - M Bucci
- Department of Medicine and Aging, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
- Clinica Medica Division and European Center of Excellence on Atherosclerosis, Hypertension and Dyslipidemia "SS. Annunziata" Hospital, Chieti, Italy
| | - F Cipollone
- Department of Medicine and Aging, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy.
- Clinica Medica Division and European Center of Excellence on Atherosclerosis, Hypertension and Dyslipidemia "SS. Annunziata" Hospital, Chieti, Italy.
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