1
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Wang HY, Li L, Nelson CS, Barfield R, Valencia S, Chan C, Muramatsu H, Lin PJC, Pardi N, An Z, Weissman D, Permar SR. Multivalent cytomegalovirus glycoprotein B nucleoside modified mRNA vaccines did not demonstrate a greater antibody breadth. NPJ Vaccines 2024; 9:38. [PMID: 38378950 PMCID: PMC10879498 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-024-00821-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) remains the most common congenital infection and infectious complication in immunocompromised patients. The most successful HCMV vaccine to date, an HCMV glycoprotein B (gB) subunit vaccine adjuvanted with MF59, achieved 50% efficacy against primary HCMV infection. A previous study demonstrated that gB/MF59 vaccinees were less frequently infected with HCMV gB genotype strains most similar to the vaccine strain than strains encoding genetically distinct gB genotypes, suggesting strain-specific immunity accounted for the limited efficacy. To determine whether vaccination with multiple HCMV gB genotypes could increase the breadth of anti-HCMV gB humoral and cellular responses, we immunized 18 female rabbits with monovalent (gB-1), bivalent (gB-1+gB-3), or pentavalent (gB-1+gB-2+gB-3+gB-4+gB-5) gB lipid nanoparticle-encapsulated nucleoside-modified RNA (mRNA-LNP) vaccines. The multivalent vaccine groups did not demonstrate a higher magnitude or breadth of the IgG response to the gB ectodomain or cell-associated gB compared to that of the monovalent vaccine. Also, the multivalent vaccines did not show an increase in the breadth of neutralization activity and antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis against HCMV strains encoding distinct gB genotypes. Interestingly, peripheral blood mononuclear cell-derived gB-2-specific T-cell responses elicited by multivalent vaccines were of a higher magnitude compared to that of monovalent vaccinated animals against a vaccine-mismatched gB genotype at peak immunogenicity. Yet, no statistical differences were observed in T cell response against gB-3 and gB-5 variable regions among the three vaccine groups. Our data suggests that the inclusion of multivalent gB antigens is not an effective strategy to increase the breadth of anti-HCMV gB antibody and T cell responses. Understanding how to increase the HCMV vaccine protection breadth will be essential to improve the vaccine efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsuan-Yuan Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Duke University Medical Center, Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Leike Li
- Texas Therapeutics Institute, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Takeda Pharmaceutical, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Cody S Nelson
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Richard Barfield
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
- Center for Human Systems Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Sarah Valencia
- Duke University Medical Center, Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Cliburn Chan
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
- Center for Human Systems Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Hiromi Muramatsu
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Paulo J C Lin
- Acuitas Therapeutics, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Norbert Pardi
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Zhiqiang An
- Texas Therapeutics Institute, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Drew Weissman
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Sallie R Permar
- Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
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2
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Kunkeaw N, Nguitragool W, Takashima E, Kangwanrangsan N, Muramatsu H, Tachibana M, Ishino T, Lin PJC, Tam YK, Pichyangkul S, Tsuboi T, Pardi N, Sattabongkot J. Author Correction: A Pvs25 mRNA vaccine induces complete and durable transmission-blocking immunity to Plasmodium vivax. NPJ Vaccines 2024; 9:36. [PMID: 38374221 PMCID: PMC10876551 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-024-00837-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nawapol Kunkeaw
- Mahidol Vivax Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wang Nguitragool
- Mahidol Vivax Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Molecular Tropical Medicine and Genetics, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Eizo Takashima
- Division of Malaria Research, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Niwat Kangwanrangsan
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Hiromi Muramatsu
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mayumi Tachibana
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Japan
| | - Tomoko Ishino
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Paulo J C Lin
- Acuitas Therapeutics, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Ying K Tam
- Acuitas Therapeutics, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Sathit Pichyangkul
- Mahidol Vivax Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Takafumi Tsuboi
- Division of Malaria Research, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Norbert Pardi
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Jetsumon Sattabongkot
- Mahidol Vivax Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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3
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Thanasarnthungcharoen C, Chanasit S, Fievez L, Kaewamatawong T, Patniboon P, Lin PJC, Bureau F, Jacquet A. Immunotherapeutic effects of specific and nonspecific mRNA-lipid nanoparticles in a mouse model of HDM-induced airway inflammation. Allergy 2024. [PMID: 38328982 DOI: 10.1111/all.16049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Supapich Chanasit
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Laurence Fievez
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, GIGA-Research, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Theerayuth Kaewamatawong
- Veterinary Pathology Unit, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Piyachat Patniboon
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Paulo J C Lin
- Acuitas Therapeutics, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Fabrice Bureau
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, GIGA-Research, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Alain Jacquet
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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4
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Kunkeaw N, Nguitragool W, Takashima E, Kangwanrangsan N, Muramatsu H, Tachibana M, Ishino T, Lin PJC, Tam YK, Pichyangkul S, Tsuboi T, Pardi N, Sattabongkot J. A Pvs25 mRNA vaccine induces complete and durable transmission-blocking immunity to Plasmodium vivax. NPJ Vaccines 2023; 8:187. [PMID: 38092803 PMCID: PMC10719277 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-023-00786-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasmodium vivax (P. vivax) is the major malaria parasite outside of Africa and no vaccine is available against it. A vaccine that interrupts parasite transmission (transmission-blocking vaccine, TBV) is considered highly desirable to reduce the spread of P. vivax and to accelerate its elimination. However, the development of a TBV against this pathogen has been hampered by the inability to culture the parasite as well as the low immunogenicity of the vaccines developed to date. Pvs25 is the most advanced TBV antigen candidate for P. vivax. However, in previous phase I clinical trials, TBV vaccines based on Pvs25 yielded low antibody responses or had unacceptable safety profiles. As the nucleoside-modified mRNA-lipid nanoparticle (mRNA-LNP) vaccine platform proved to be safe and effective in humans, we generated and tested mRNA-LNP vaccines encoding several versions of Pvs25 in mice. We found that in a prime-boost vaccination schedule, all Pvs25 mRNA-LNP vaccines elicited robust antigen-specific antibody responses. Furthermore, when compared with a Pvs25 recombinant protein vaccine formulated with Montanide ISA-51 adjuvant, the full-length Pvs25 mRNA-LNP vaccine induced a stronger and longer-lasting functional immunity. Seven months after the second vaccination, vaccine-induced antibodies retained the ability to fully block P. vivax transmission in direct membrane feeding assays, whereas the blocking activity induced by the protein/ISA-51 vaccine dropped significantly. Taken together, we report on mRNA vaccines targeting P. vivax and demonstrate that Pvs25 mRNA-LNP outperformed an adjuvanted Pvs25 protein vaccine suggesting that it is a promising candidate for further testing in non-human primates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nawapol Kunkeaw
- Mahidol Vivax Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wang Nguitragool
- Mahidol Vivax Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Molecular Tropical Medicine and Genetics, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Eizo Takashima
- Division of Malaria Research, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Niwat Kangwanrangsan
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Hiromi Muramatsu
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mayumi Tachibana
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Japan
| | - Tomoko Ishino
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Paulo J C Lin
- Acuitas Therapeutics, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Ying K Tam
- Acuitas Therapeutics, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Sathit Pichyangkul
- Mahidol Vivax Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Takafumi Tsuboi
- Division of Malaria Research, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Norbert Pardi
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Jetsumon Sattabongkot
- Mahidol Vivax Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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5
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Johnson AMF, Hager K, Alameh MG, Van P, Potchen N, Mayer-Blackwell K, Fiore-Gartland A, Minot S, Lin PJC, Tam YK, Weissman D, Kublin JG. The Regulation of Nucleic Acid Vaccine Responses by the Microbiome. J Immunol 2023; 211:1680-1692. [PMID: 37850965 PMCID: PMC10656434 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2300196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Nucleic acid vaccines, including both RNA and DNA platforms, are key technologies that have considerable promise in combating both infectious disease and cancer. However, little is known about the extrinsic factors that regulate nucleic acid vaccine responses and which may determine their effectiveness. The microbiome is recognized as a significant regulator of immune development and response, whose role in regulating some traditional vaccine platforms has recently been discovered. Using germ-free and specific pathogen-free mouse models in combination with different protein, DNA, and mRNA vaccine regimens, we demonstrate that the microbiome is a significant regulator of nucleic acid vaccine immunogenicity. Although the presence of the microbiome enhances CD8+ T cell responses to mRNA lipid nanoparticle immunization, the microbiome suppresses Ig and CD4+ T cell responses to DNA-prime, DNA-protein-boost immunization, indicating contrasting roles for the microbiome in the regulation of these different nucleic acid vaccine platforms. In the case of mRNA lipid nanoparticle vaccination, germ-free mice display reduced dendritic cell/macrophage activation that may underlie the deficient vaccine response. Our study identifies the microbiome as a relevant determinant of nucleic acid vaccine response with implications for continued therapeutic development and deployment of these vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M. F. Johnson
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Kevin Hager
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA
| | | | - Phuong Van
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Nicole Potchen
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA
| | | | | | - Samuel Minot
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA
| | | | | | - Drew Weissman
- Penn Institute for RNA Innovation, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - James G. Kublin
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA
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6
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Hayashi CTH, Cao Y, Clark LC, Tripathi AK, Zavala F, Dwivedi G, Knox J, Alameh MG, Lin PJC, Tam YK, Weissman D, Kumar N. Author Correction: mRNA-LNP expressing PfCSP and Pfs25 vaccine candidates targeting infection and transmission of Plasmodium falciparum. NPJ Vaccines 2023; 8:115. [PMID: 37567884 PMCID: PMC10421895 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-023-00723-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Clifford T H Hayashi
- Department of Global Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - Yi Cao
- Department of Global Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - Leor C Clark
- Department of Global Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - Abhai K Tripathi
- Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21215, USA
| | - Fidel Zavala
- Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21215, USA
| | - Garima Dwivedi
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - James Knox
- Department of Pathology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | | | | | - Ying K Tam
- Acuitas Therapeutics, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Drew Weissman
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Nirbhay Kumar
- Department of Global Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA.
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7
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Hoffmann MAG, Yang Z, Huey-Tubman KE, Cohen AA, Gnanapragasam PNP, Nakatomi LM, Storm KN, Moon WJ, Lin PJC, West AP, Bjorkman PJ. ESCRT recruitment to SARS-CoV-2 spike induces virus-like particles that improve mRNA vaccines. Cell 2023; 186:2380-2391.e9. [PMID: 37146611 PMCID: PMC10121106 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Prime-boost regimens for COVID-19 vaccines elicit poor antibody responses against Omicron-based variants and employ frequent boosters to maintain antibody levels. We present a natural infection-mimicking technology that combines features of mRNA- and proteinnanoparticle-based vaccines through encoding self-assembling enveloped virus-like particles (eVLPs). eVLP assembly is achieved by inserting an ESCRT- and ALIX-binding region (EABR) into the SARS-CoV-2 spike cytoplasmic tail, which recruits ESCRT proteins to induce eVLP budding from cells. Purified spike-EABR eVLPs presented densely arrayed spikes and elicited potent antibody responses in mice. Two immunizations with mRNA-LNP encoding spike-EABR elicited potent CD8+ T cell responses and superior neutralizing antibody responses against original and variant SARS-CoV-2 compared with conventional spike-encoding mRNA-LNP and purified spike-EABR eVLPs, improving neutralizing titers >10-fold against Omicron-based variants for 3 months post-boost. Thus, EABR technology enhances potency and breadth of vaccine-induced responses through antigen presentation on cell surfaces and eVLPs, enabling longer-lasting protection against SARS-CoV-2 and other viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magnus A G Hoffmann
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
| | - Zhi Yang
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Kathryn E Huey-Tubman
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Alexander A Cohen
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | | | - Leesa M Nakatomi
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Kaya N Storm
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | | | | | - Anthony P West
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Pamela J Bjorkman
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
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8
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Carter B, Huang P, Liu G, Liang Y, Lin PJC, Peng BH, McKay LGA, Dimitrakakis A, Hsu J, Tat V, Saenkham-Huntsinger P, Chen J, Kaseke C, Gaiha GD, Xu Q, Griffiths A, Tam YK, Tseng CTK, Gifford DK. A pan-variant mRNA-LNP T cell vaccine protects HLA transgenic mice from mortality after infection with SARS-CoV-2 Beta. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1135815. [PMID: 36969239 PMCID: PMC10033589 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1135815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Licensed COVID-19 vaccines ameliorate viral infection by inducing production of neutralizing antibodies that bind the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein and inhibit viral cellular entry. However, the clinical effectiveness of these vaccines is transitory as viral variants escape antibody neutralization. Effective vaccines that solely rely upon a T cell response to combat SARS-CoV-2 infection could be transformational because they can utilize highly conserved short pan-variant peptide epitopes, but a mRNA-LNP T cell vaccine has not been shown to provide effective anti-SARS-CoV-2 prophylaxis. Here we show a mRNA-LNP vaccine (MIT-T-COVID) based on highly conserved short peptide epitopes activates CD8+ and CD4+ T cell responses that attenuate morbidity and prevent mortality in HLA-A*02:01 transgenic mice infected with SARS-CoV-2 Beta (B.1.351). We found CD8+ T cells in mice immunized with MIT-T-COVID vaccine significantly increased from 1.1% to 24.0% of total pulmonary nucleated cells prior to and at 7 days post infection (dpi), respectively, indicating dynamic recruitment of circulating specific T cells into the infected lungs. Mice immunized with MIT-T-COVID had 2.8 (2 dpi) and 3.3 (7 dpi) times more lung infiltrating CD8+ T cells than unimmunized mice. Mice immunized with MIT-T-COVID had 17.4 times more lung infiltrating CD4+ T cells than unimmunized mice (7 dpi). The undetectable specific antibody response in MIT-T-COVID-immunized mice demonstrates specific T cell responses alone can effectively attenuate the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Our results suggest further study is merited for pan-variant T cell vaccines, including for individuals that cannot produce neutralizing antibodies or to help mitigate Long COVID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon Carter
- Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Pinghan Huang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Ge Liu
- Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Yuejin Liang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | | | - Bi-Hung Peng
- Department of Neuroscience, Cell Biology, and Anatomy, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Lindsay G. A. McKay
- National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratories, Department of Microbiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Alexander Dimitrakakis
- Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Jason Hsu
- Department of Neuroscience, Cell Biology, and Anatomy, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Vivian Tat
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Panatda Saenkham-Huntsinger
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Jinjin Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, United States
| | - Clarety Kaseke
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Gaurav D. Gaiha
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Qiaobing Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, United States
| | - Anthony Griffiths
- National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratories, Department of Microbiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | | | - Chien-Te K. Tseng
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, Cell Biology, and Anatomy, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
- *Correspondence: Chien-Te K. Tseng, ; David K. Gifford,
| | - David K. Gifford
- Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
- *Correspondence: Chien-Te K. Tseng, ; David K. Gifford,
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9
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Ramos da Silva J, Bitencourt Rodrigues K, Formoso Pelegrin G, Silva Sales N, Muramatsu H, de Oliveira Silva M, Porchia BFMM, Moreno ACR, Aps LRMM, Venceslau-Carvalho AA, Tombácz I, Fotoran WL, Karikó K, Lin PJC, Tam YK, de Oliveira Diniz M, Pardi N, de Souza Ferreira LC. Single immunizations of self-amplifying or non-replicating mRNA-LNP vaccines control HPV-associated tumors in mice. Sci Transl Med 2023; 15:eabn3464. [PMID: 36867683 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abn3464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
As mRNA vaccines have proved to be very successful in battling the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, this new modality has attracted widespread interest for the development of potent vaccines against other infectious diseases and cancer. Cervical cancer caused by persistent human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a major cause of cancer-related deaths in women, and the development of safe and effective therapeutic strategies is urgently needed. In the present study, we compared the performance of three different mRNA vaccine modalities to target tumors associated with HPV-16 infection in mice. We generated lipid nanoparticle (LNP)-encapsulated self-amplifying mRNA as well as unmodified and nucleoside-modified non-replicating mRNA vaccines encoding a chimeric protein derived from the fusion of the HPV-16 E7 oncoprotein and the herpes simplex virus type 1 glycoprotein D (gDE7). We demonstrated that single low-dose immunizations with any of the three gDE7 mRNA vaccines induced activation of E7-specific CD8+ T cells, generated memory T cell responses capable of preventing tumor relapses, and eradicated subcutaneous tumors at different growth stages. In addition, the gDE7 mRNA-LNP vaccines induced potent tumor protection in two different orthotopic mouse tumor models after administration of a single vaccine dose. Last, comparative studies demonstrated that all three gDE7 mRNA-LNP vaccines proved to be superior to gDE7 DNA and gDE7 recombinant protein vaccines. Collectively, we demonstrated the immunogenicity and therapeutic efficacy of three different mRNA vaccines in extensive comparative experiments. Our data support further evaluation of these mRNA vaccines in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamile Ramos da Silva
- Vaccine Development Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil.,Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Karine Bitencourt Rodrigues
- Vaccine Development Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Formoso Pelegrin
- Vaccine Development Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Natiely Silva Sales
- Vaccine Development Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Hiromi Muramatsu
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Mariângela de Oliveira Silva
- Vaccine Development Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Bruna F M M Porchia
- Vaccine Development Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil.,Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Immunology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil.,ImunoTera Soluções Terapêuticas Ltda., São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Ramos Moreno
- Vaccine Development Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Luana Raposo M M Aps
- Vaccine Development Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil.,ImunoTera Soluções Terapêuticas Ltda., São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Aléxia Adrianne Venceslau-Carvalho
- Vaccine Development Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil
| | - István Tombácz
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Wesley Luzetti Fotoran
- Department of Parasitology, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil
| | | | | | - Ying K Tam
- Acuitas Therapeutics, Vancouver, BC V6T1Z3, Canada
| | - Mariana de Oliveira Diniz
- Vaccine Development Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Norbert Pardi
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Luís Carlos de Souza Ferreira
- Vaccine Development Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil.,Scientific Platform Pasteur USP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 05508-020, Brazil
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10
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Schiepers A, van 't Wout MFL, Greaney AJ, Zang T, Muramatsu H, Lin PJC, Tam YK, Mesin L, Starr TN, Bieniasz PD, Pardi N, Bloom JD, Victora GD. Molecular fate-mapping of serum antibody responses to repeat immunization. Nature 2023; 615:482-489. [PMID: 36646114 PMCID: PMC10023323 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-05715-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The protective efficacy of serum antibodies results from the interplay of antigen-specific B cell clones of different affinities and specificities. These cellular dynamics underlie serum-level phenomena such as original antigenic sin (OAS)-a proposed propensity of the immune system to rely repeatedly on the first cohort of B cells engaged by an antigenic stimulus when encountering related antigens, in detriment to the induction of de novo responses1-5. OAS-type suppression of new, variant-specific antibodies may pose a barrier to vaccination against rapidly evolving viruses such as influenza and SARS-CoV-26,7. Precise measurement of OAS-type suppression is challenging because cellular and temporal origins cannot readily be ascribed to antibodies in circulation; its effect on subsequent antibody responses therefore remains unclear5,8. Here we introduce a molecular fate-mapping approach with which serum antibodies derived from specific cohorts of B cells can be differentially detected. We show that serum responses to sequential homologous boosting derive overwhelmingly from primary cohort B cells, while later induction of new antibody responses from naive B cells is strongly suppressed. Such 'primary addiction' decreases sharply as a function of antigenic distance, allowing reimmunization with divergent viral glycoproteins to produce de novo antibody responses targeting epitopes that are absent from the priming variant. Our findings have implications for the understanding of OAS and for the design and testing of vaccines against evolving pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariën Schiepers
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Dynamics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Allison J Greaney
- Basic Sciences Division and Computational Biology Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Trinity Zang
- Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hiromi Muramatsu
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Paulo J C Lin
- Acuitas Therapeutics, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ying K Tam
- Acuitas Therapeutics, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Luka Mesin
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Dynamics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tyler N Starr
- Basic Sciences Division and Computational Biology Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Paul D Bieniasz
- Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Norbert Pardi
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jesse D Bloom
- Basic Sciences Division and Computational Biology Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Gabriel D Victora
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Dynamics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
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11
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Johnson AMF, Hager K, Alameh MG, Van P, Potchen N, Mayer-Blackwell K, Fiore-Gartland A, Minot S, Lin PJC, Tam YK, Weissman D, Kublin JG. The Regulation of Nucleic Acid Vaccine Responses by the Microbiome. bioRxiv 2023:2023.02.18.529093. [PMID: 36824851 PMCID: PMC9949122 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.18.529093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
Nucleic acid vaccines, including both RNA and DNA platforms, are key technologies that have considerable promise in combating both infectious disease and cancer. However, little is known about the extrinsic factors that regulate nucleic acid vaccine responses and which may determine their effectiveness. The microbiome is recognized as a significant regulator of immune development and response, whose role in regulating some traditional vaccine platforms has recently been discovered. Using germ-free and specific-pathogen-free mouse models in combination with different protein, DNA, and mRNA vaccine regimens, we demonstrate that the microbiome is a significant regulator of nucleic acid vaccine immunogenicity. While the presence of the microbiome enhances CD8+ T cell responses to mRNA lipid nanoparticle (LNP) immunization, the microbiome suppresses immunoglobulin and CD4+ T cell responses to DNA-prime, DNA-protein-boost immunization, indicating contrasting roles for the microbiome in the regulation of these different nucleic acid vaccine platforms. In the case of mRNA-LNP vaccination, germ-free mice display reduced dendritic cell/macrophage activation that may underlie the deficient vaccine response. Our study identifies the microbiome as a relevant determinant of nucleic acid vaccine response with implications for their continued therapeutic development and deployment.
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12
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Connors J, Joyner D, Mege NJ, Cusimano GM, Bell MR, Marcy J, Taramangalam B, Kim KM, Lin PJC, Tam YK, Weissman D, Kutzler MA, Alameh MG, Haddad EK. Lipid nanoparticles (LNP) induce activation and maturation of antigen presenting cells in young and aged individuals. Commun Biol 2023; 6:188. [PMID: 36805684 PMCID: PMC9936473 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04555-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein, we studied the impact of empty LNP (eLNP), component of mRNA-based vaccine, on anti-viral pathways and immune function of cells from young and aged individuals. eLNP induced maturation of monocyte derived dendritic cells (MDDCs). We further show that eLNP upregulated CD40 and induced cytokine production in multiple DC subsets and monocytes. This coincided with phosphorylation of TANK binding kinase 1 (pTBK1) and interferon response factor 7 (pIRF7). In response to eLNP, healthy older adults (>65 yrs) have decreased CD40 expression, and IFN-γ output compared to young adults (<65 yrs). Additionally, cells from older adults have a dysregulated anti-viral signaling response to eLNP stimulation, measured by the defect in type I IFN production, and phagocytosis. Overall, our data show function of eLNP in eliciting DC maturation and innate immune signaling pathways that is impaired in older adults resulting in lower immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-based vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Connors
- Drexel University College of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Drexel University College of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - David Joyner
- Drexel University College of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Drexel University College of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Gina M Cusimano
- Drexel University College of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Drexel University College of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Matthew R Bell
- Drexel University College of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Drexel University College of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jennifer Marcy
- Drexel University College of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Bhavani Taramangalam
- Drexel University College of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Drexel University College of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kenneth M Kim
- Drexel University College of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | | | - Drew Weissman
- University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- University of Pennsylvania, Penn Institute for RNA Innovation, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Michele A Kutzler
- Drexel University College of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Drexel University College of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mohamad-Gabriel Alameh
- University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- University of Pennsylvania, Penn Institute for RNA Innovation, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Elias K Haddad
- Drexel University College of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Drexel University College of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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13
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Waghela IN, Mallory KL, Taylor JA, Schneider CG, Savransky T, Janse CJ, Lin PJC, Tam YK, Weissman D, Angov E. Exploring in vitro expression and immune potency in mice using mRNA encoding the Plasmodium falciparum malaria antigen, CelTOS. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1026052. [PMID: 36591298 PMCID: PMC9798330 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1026052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The secreted malarial protein, Cell-Traversal protein for Ookinetes and Sporozoites (CelTOS), is highly conserved among Plasmodium species, and plays a role in the invasion of mosquito midgut cells and hepatocytes in the vertebrate host. CelTOS was identified as a potential protective antigen based on a proteomic analysis, which showed that CelTOS stimulated significant effector T cells producing IFN-γ in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from radiation attenuated sporozoite-immunized, malaria-naïve human subjects. In a rodent malaria model, recombinant full-length CelTOS protein/adjuvant combinations induced sterile protection, and in several studies, functional antibodies were produced that had hepatocyte invasion inhibition and transmission-blocking activities. Despite some encouraging results, vaccine approaches using CelTOS will require improvement before it can be considered as an effective vaccine candidate. Here, we report on the use of mRNA vaccine technology to induce humoral and cell-mediated immune responses using this antigen. Several pfceltos encoding mRNA transcripts were assessed for the impact on protein translation levels in vitro. Protein coding sequences included those to evaluate the effects of signal sequence, N-glycosylation on translation, and of nucleoside substitutions. Using in vitro transfection experiments as a pre-screen, we assessed the quality of the expressed CelTOS target relative to the homogeneity, cellular localization, and durability of expression levels. Optimized mRNA transcripts, which demonstrated highest protein expression levels in vitro were selected for encapsulation in lipid nanoparticles (LNP) and used to immunize mice to assess for both humoral and cellular cytokine responses. Our findings indicate that mRNA transcripts encoding pfceltos while potent for inducing antigen-specific cellular cytokine responses in mice, were less able to mount PfCelTOS-specific antibody responses using a two-dose regimen. An additional booster dose was needed to overcome low seroconversion rates in mice. With respect to antibody fine specificities, N-glycosylation site mutated immunogens yielded lower immune responses, particularly to the N-terminus of the molecule. While it remains unclear the impact on CelTOS antigen as immunogen, this study highlights the need to optimize antigen design for vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishita N. Waghela
- Malaria Biologics Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States,Parsons Corporation, Centreville, VA, United States
| | - Katherine L. Mallory
- Malaria Biologics Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States,Parsons Corporation, Centreville, VA, United States
| | - Justin A. Taylor
- Malaria Biologics Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States,The Geneva Foundation, Tacoma, WA, United States
| | - Cosette G. Schneider
- Malaria Biologics Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States,Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
| | - Tatyana Savransky
- Entomology Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States,General Dynamics Information Technology, Falls Church, VA, United States
| | - Chris J. Janse
- Parasitology, Center of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | | | - Ying K. Tam
- Acuitas Therapeutics Inc., Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Drew Weissman
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Evelina Angov
- Malaria Biologics Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States,*Correspondence: Evelina Angov,
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14
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van de Ven K, Lanfermeijer J, van Dijken H, Muramatsu H, Vilas Boas de Melo C, Lenz S, Peters F, Beattie MB, Lin PJC, Ferreira JA, van den Brand J, van Baarle D, Pardi N, de Jonge J. A universal influenza mRNA vaccine candidate boosts T cell responses and reduces zoonotic influenza virus disease in ferrets. Sci Adv 2022; 8:eadc9937. [PMID: 36516261 PMCID: PMC9750153 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adc9937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Universal influenza vaccines should protect against continuously evolving and newly emerging influenza viruses. T cells may be an essential target of such vaccines, as they can clear infected cells through recognition of conserved influenza virus epitopes. We evaluated a novel T cell-inducing nucleoside-modified messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccine that encodes the conserved nucleoprotein, matrix protein 1, and polymerase basic protein 1 of an H1N1 influenza virus. To mimic the human situation, we applied the mRNA vaccine as a prime-boost regimen in naïve ferrets (mimicking young children) and as a booster in influenza-experienced ferrets (mimicking adults). The vaccine induced and boosted broadly reactive T cells in the circulation, bone marrow, and respiratory tract. Booster vaccination enhanced protection against heterosubtypic infection with a potential pandemic H7N9 influenza virus in influenza-experienced ferrets. Our findings show that mRNA vaccines encoding internal influenza virus proteins represent a promising strategy to induce broadly protective T cell immunity against influenza viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koen van de Ven
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Josien Lanfermeijer
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Harry van Dijken
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Hiromi Muramatsu
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Caroline Vilas Boas de Melo
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Stefanie Lenz
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Florence Peters
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | | | | | - José A. Ferreira
- Department of Statistics, Informatics and Modelling, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Judith van den Brand
- Division of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Debbie van Baarle
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Virology and Immunology Research Group, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Norbert Pardi
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jørgen de Jonge
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands
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15
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Hayashi CTH, Cao Y, Clark LC, Tripathi AK, Zavala F, Dwivedi G, Knox J, Alameh MG, Lin PJC, Tam YK, Weissman D, Kumar N. mRNA-LNP expressing PfCSP and Pfs25 vaccine candidates targeting infection and transmission of Plasmodium falciparum. NPJ Vaccines 2022; 7:155. [PMID: 36456563 PMCID: PMC9715627 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-022-00577-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Malaria is a deadly disease responsible for between 550,000 and 627,000 deaths annually. There is a pressing need to develop vaccines focused on malaria elimination. The complex lifecycle of Plasmodium falciparum provides opportunities not only to target the infectious sporozoite stage, introduced by anopheline mosquitoes, but also the sexual stages, which are ingested by mosquitoes during blood feeding, leading to parasite transmission. It is widely recognized that a vaccine targeting multiple stages would induce efficacious transmission reducing immunity. Technological advancements offer new vaccine platforms, such as mRNA-LNPs, which can be used to develop highly effective malarial vaccines. We evaluated the immunogenicity of two leading P. falciparum vaccine candidates, Pfs25 and PfCSP, delivered as mRNA-LNP vaccines. Both vaccines induced extremely potent immune responses when administered alone or in combination, which were superior to Pfs25 and PfCSP DNA vaccine formulations. Purified IgGs from Pfs25 mRNA-LNPs immunized mice were highly potent in reducing malaria transmission to mosquitoes. Additionally, mice after three and four immunizations with PfCSP mRNA-LNP provided evidence for varying degrees of protection against sporozoite challenge. The comparison of immune responses and stage-specific functional activity induced by each mRNA-LNP vaccine, administered alone or in combination, also supports the development of an effective combination vaccine without any risk of immune interference for targeting malaria parasites at various life cycle stages. A combination of vaccines targeting both the infective stage and sexual/midgut stages is expected to interrupt malaria transmission, which is critical for achieving elimination goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clifford T H Hayashi
- Department of Global Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - Yi Cao
- Department of Global Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - Leor C Clark
- Department of Global Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - Abhai K Tripathi
- Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21215, USA
| | - Fidel Zavala
- Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21215, USA
| | - Garima Dwivedi
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - James Knox
- Department of Pathology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | | | | | - Ying K Tam
- Acuitas Therapeutics, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Drew Weissman
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Nirbhay Kumar
- Department of Global Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA.
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16
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Sittplangkoon C, Alameh MG, Weissman D, Lin PJC, Tam YK, Prompetchara E, Palaga T. mRNA vaccine with unmodified uridine induces robust type I interferon-dependent anti-tumor immunity in a melanoma model. Front Immunol 2022; 13:983000. [PMID: 36311701 PMCID: PMC9614103 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.983000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
An mRNA with unmodified nucleosides induces type I interferons (IFN-I) through the stimulation of innate immune sensors. Whether IFN-I induced by mRNA vaccine is crucial for anti-tumor immune response remains to be elucidated. In this study, we investigated the immunogenicity and anti-tumor responses of mRNA encoding tumor antigens with different degrees of N1-methylpseudouridine (m1Ψ) modification in B16 melanoma model. Our results demonstrated that ovalbumin (OVA) encoding mRNA formulated in a lipid nanoparticle (OVA-LNP) induced substantial IFN-I production and the maturation of dendritic cells (DCs) with negative correlation with increasing percentages of m1Ψ modification. In B16-OVA murine melanoma model, unmodified OVA-LNP significantly reduced tumor growth and prolonged survival, compared to OVA-LNP with m1Ψ modification. This robust anti-tumor effect correlated with the increase in intratumoral CD40+ DCs and the frequency of granzyme B+/IFN-γ+/TNF-α+ polyfunctional OVA peptide-specific CD8+ T cells. Blocking type I IFN receptor completely reversed the anti-tumor immunity of unmodified mRNA-OVA reflected in a significant decrease in OVA-specific IFN-γ secreting T cells and enrichment of PD-1+ tumor-infiltrating T cells. The robust anti-tumor effect of unmodified OVA-LNP was also observed in the lung metastatic tumor model. Finally, this mRNA vaccine was tested using B16 melanoma neoantigens (Pbk-Actn4) which resulted in delayed tumor growth. Taken together, our findings demonstrated that an unmodified mRNA vaccine induces IFN-I production or the downstream signaling cascades which plays a crucial role in inducing robust anti-tumor T cell response for controlling tumor growth and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chutamath Sittplangkoon
- Graduate Program in Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Immunology and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Mohamad-Gabriel Alameh
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Drew Weissman
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | | | | | - Eakachai Prompetchara
- Center of Excellence in Vaccine Research and Development (Chula Vaccine Research Center-Chula VRC), Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Tanapat Palaga
- Center of Excellence in Immunology and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- *Correspondence: Tanapat Palaga,
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17
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Jitthamstaporn S, Inthong R, Audomsun D, Chanasit S, Thanasarnthungcharoen C, Lin PJC, Weissman D, Pardi N, Jacquet A. Nucleoside-modified mRNA vaccines yield robust blocking antibody responses against major house dust mite allergens. Allergy 2022; 78:315-318. [PMID: 36136090 PMCID: PMC9538380 DOI: 10.1111/all.15527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rueangsit Inthong
- Department of MicrobiologyFaculty of MedicineChulalongkorn UniversityBangkokThailand
| | - Dittaya Audomsun
- Chulalongkorn University Systems Biology Center (CUSB)Faculty of MedicineChulalongkorn UniversityBangkokThailand
| | - Supapich Chanasit
- Department of BiochemistryFaculty of MedicineChulalongkorn UniversityBangkokThailand
| | | | | | - Drew Weissman
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Norbert Pardi
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA,Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Alain Jacquet
- Department of BiochemistryFaculty of MedicineChulalongkorn UniversityBangkokThailand
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18
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Gorsuch CL, Nemec P, Yu M, Xu S, Han D, Smith J, Lape J, van Buuren N, Ramirez R, Muench RC, Holdorf MM, Feierbach B, Falls G, Holt J, Shoop W, Sevigny E, Karriker F, Brown RV, Joshi A, Goodwin T, Tam YK, Lin PJC, Semple SC, Leatherbury N, Delaney Iv WE, Jantz D, Rhoden Smith A. Targeting the hepatitis B cccDNA with a sequence-specific ARCUS nuclease to eliminate hepatitis B virus in vivo. Mol Ther 2022; 30:2909-2922. [PMID: 35581938 PMCID: PMC9481990 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2022.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Persistence of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is attributed to maintenance of the intrahepatic pool of the viral covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA), which serves as the transcriptional template for all viral gene products required for replication. Current nucleos(t)ide therapies for CHB prevent virus production and spread but have no direct impact on cccDNA or expression of viral genes. We describe a potential curative approach using a highly specific engineered ARCUS nuclease (ARCUS-POL) targeting the hepatitis B virus (HBV) genome. Transient ARCUS-POL expression in HBV-infected primary human hepatocytes produced substantial reductions in both cccDNA and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). To evaluate ARCUS-POL in vivo, we developed episomal adeno-associated virus (AAV) mouse and non-human primate (NHP) models containing a portion of the HBV genome serving as a surrogate for cccDNA. Clinically relevant delivery was achieved through systemic administration of lipid nanoparticles containing ARCUS-POL mRNA. In both mouse and NHP, we observed a significant decrease in total AAV copy number and high on-target indel frequency. In the case of the mouse model, which supports HBsAg expression, circulating surface antigen was durably reduced by 96%. Together, these data support a gene-editing approach for elimination of cccDNA toward an HBV cure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paige Nemec
- Precision BioSciences Inc, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Mei Yu
- Gilead Sciences, Inc, Foster City, CA 94404, USA
| | - Simin Xu
- Gilead Sciences, Inc, Foster City, CA 94404, USA
| | - Dong Han
- Gilead Sciences, Inc, Foster City, CA 94404, USA
| | - Jeff Smith
- Precision BioSciences Inc, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Janel Lape
- Precision BioSciences Inc, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Greg Falls
- Precision BioSciences Inc, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Jason Holt
- Precision BioSciences Inc, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Wendy Shoop
- Precision BioSciences Inc, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Emma Sevigny
- Precision BioSciences Inc, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | | | | | - Amod Joshi
- Precision BioSciences Inc, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | | | - Ying K Tam
- Acuitas Therapeutics, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | - Derek Jantz
- Precision BioSciences Inc, Durham, NC 27701, USA.
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19
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Schiepers A, van 't Wout MFL, Greaney AJ, Zang T, Muramatsu H, Lin PJC, Tam YK, Mesin L, Starr TN, Bieniasz PD, Pardi N, Bloom JD, Victora GD. Molecular fate-mapping of serum antibodies reveals the effects of antigenic imprinting on repeated immunization. bioRxiv 2022:2022.08.29.505743. [PMID: 36093344 PMCID: PMC9460965 DOI: 10.1101/2022.08.29.505743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The ability of serum antibody to protect against pathogens arises from the interplay of antigen-specific B cell clones of different affinities and fine specificities. These cellular dynamics are ultimately responsible for serum-level phenomena such as antibody imprinting or "Original Antigenic Sin" (OAS), a proposed propensity of the immune system to rely repeatedly on the first cohort of B cells that responded to a stimulus upon exposure to related antigens. Imprinting/OAS is thought to pose a barrier to vaccination against rapidly evolving viruses such as influenza and SARS-CoV-2. Precise measurement of the extent to which imprinting/OAS inhibits the recruitment of new B cell clones by boosting is challenging because cellular and temporal origins cannot readily be assigned to antibodies in circulation. Thus, the extent to which imprinting/OAS impacts the induction of new responses in various settings remains unclear. To address this, we developed a "molecular fate-mapping" approach in which serum antibodies derived from specific cohorts of B cells can be differentially detected. We show that, upon sequential homologous boosting, the serum antibody response strongly favors reuse of the first cohort of B cell clones over the recruitment of new, naÏve-derived B cells. This "primary addiction" decreases as a function of antigenic distance, allowing secondary immunization with divergent influenza virus or SARS-CoV-2 glycoproteins to overcome imprinting/OAS by targeting novel epitopes absent from the priming variant. Our findings have implications for the understanding of imprinting/OAS, and for the design and testing of vaccines aimed at eliciting antibodies to evolving antigens.
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20
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Alameh MG, Tombácz I, Bettini E, Lederer K, Sittplangkoon C, Wilmore JR, Gaudette BT, Soliman OY, Pine M, Hicks P, Manzoni TB, Knox JJ, Johnson JL, Laczkó D, Muramatsu H, Davis B, Meng W, Rosenfeld AM, Strohmeier S, Lin PJC, Mui BL, Tam YK, Karikó K, Jacquet A, Krammer F, Bates P, Cancro MP, Weissman D, Luning Prak ET, Allman D, Locci M, Pardi N. Lipid nanoparticles enhance the efficacy of mRNA and protein subunit vaccines by inducing robust T follicular helper cell and humoral responses. Immunity 2022; 55:1136-1138. [PMID: 35704995 PMCID: PMC9195404 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2022.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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21
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Alameh MG, Tombácz I, Bettini E, Lederer K, Sittplangkoon C, Wilmore JR, Gaudette BT, Soliman OY, Pine M, Hicks P, Manzoni TB, Knox JJ, Johnson JL, Laczkó D, Muramatsu H, Davis B, Meng W, Rosenfeld AM, Strohmeier S, Lin PJC, Mui BL, Tam YK, Karikó K, Jacquet A, Krammer F, Bates P, Cancro MP, Weissman D, Luning Prak ET, Allman D, Locci M, Pardi N. Lipid nanoparticles enhance the efficacy of mRNA and protein subunit vaccines by inducing robust T follicular helper cell and humoral responses. Immunity 2021; 54:2877-2892.e7. [PMID: 34852217 PMCID: PMC8566475 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2021.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 224] [Impact Index Per Article: 74.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Adjuvants are critical for improving the quality and magnitude of adaptive immune responses to vaccination. Lipid nanoparticle (LNP)-encapsulated nucleoside-modified mRNA vaccines have shown great efficacy against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), but the mechanism of action of this vaccine platform is not well-characterized. Using influenza virus and SARS-CoV-2 mRNA and protein subunit vaccines, we demonstrated that our LNP formulation has intrinsic adjuvant activity that promotes induction of strong T follicular helper cell, germinal center B cell, long-lived plasma cell, and memory B cell responses that are associated with durable and protective antibodies in mice. Comparative experiments demonstrated that this LNP formulation outperformed a widely used MF59-like adjuvant, AddaVax. The adjuvant activity of the LNP relies on the ionizable lipid component and on IL-6 cytokine induction but not on MyD88- or MAVS-dependent sensing of LNPs. Our study identified LNPs as a versatile adjuvant that enhances the efficacy of traditional and next-generation vaccine platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - István Tombácz
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Emily Bettini
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Katlyn Lederer
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Chutamath Sittplangkoon
- Center of Excellence in Vaccine Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Joel R Wilmore
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Brian T Gaudette
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ousamah Y Soliman
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Matthew Pine
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Philip Hicks
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Tomaz B Manzoni
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - James J Knox
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - John L Johnson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Dorottya Laczkó
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Hiromi Muramatsu
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Benjamin Davis
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Wenzhao Meng
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Aaron M Rosenfeld
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Shirin Strohmeier
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Ying K Tam
- Acuitas Therapeutics, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Katalin Karikó
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; BioNTech RNA Pharmaceuticals, Mainz, Germany
| | - Alain Jacquet
- Center of Excellence in Vaccine Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Florian Krammer
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Paul Bates
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Michael P Cancro
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Drew Weissman
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Eline T Luning Prak
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - David Allman
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Michela Locci
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Norbert Pardi
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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22
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Rothgangl T, Dennis MK, Lin PJC, Oka R, Witzigmann D, Villiger L, Qi W, Hruzova M, Kissling L, Lenggenhager D, Borrelli C, Egli S, Frey N, Bakker N, Walker JA, Kadina AP, Victorov DV, Pacesa M, Kreutzer S, Kontarakis Z, Moor A, Jinek M, Weissman D, Stoffel M, van Boxtel R, Holden K, Pardi N, Thöny B, Häberle J, Tam YK, Semple SC, Schwank G. In vivo adenine base editing of PCSK9 in macaques reduces LDL cholesterol levels. Nat Biotechnol 2021; 39:949-957. [PMID: 34012094 PMCID: PMC8352781 DOI: 10.1038/s41587-021-00933-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Most known pathogenic point mutations in humans are C•G to T•A substitutions, which can be directly repaired by adenine base editors (ABEs). In this study, we investigated the efficacy and safety of ABEs in the livers of mice and cynomolgus macaques for the reduction of blood low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels. Lipid nanoparticle-based delivery of mRNA encoding an ABE and a single-guide RNA targeting PCSK9, a negative regulator of LDL, induced up to 67% editing (on average, 61%) in mice and up to 34% editing (on average, 26%) in macaques. Plasma PCSK9 and LDL levels were stably reduced by 95% and 58% in mice and by 32% and 14% in macaques, respectively. ABE mRNA was cleared rapidly, and no off-target mutations in genomic DNA were found. Re-dosing in macaques did not increase editing, possibly owing to the detected humoral immune response to ABE upon treatment. These findings support further investigation of ABEs to treat patients with monogenic liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Rothgangl
- University of Zurich, Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Rurika Oka
- Oncode Institute, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Dominik Witzigmann
- University of Zurich, Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lukas Villiger
- University of Zurich, Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Weihong Qi
- Functional Genomics Center Zurich, ETH Zurich/University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martina Hruzova
- Department of Biology, Institute for Molecular Health Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lucas Kissling
- University of Zurich, Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Daniela Lenggenhager
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Costanza Borrelli
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sabina Egli
- University of Zurich, Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nina Frey
- Department of Biology, Institute for Molecular Health Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Noëlle Bakker
- University of Zurich, Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | - Martin Pacesa
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Susanne Kreutzer
- Functional Genomics Center Zurich, ETH Zurich/University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Genome Engineering and Measurement Laboratory, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Zacharias Kontarakis
- Functional Genomics Center Zurich, ETH Zurich/University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Genome Engineering and Measurement Laboratory, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Moor
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martin Jinek
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Drew Weissman
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Markus Stoffel
- Department of Biology, Institute for Molecular Health Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ruben van Boxtel
- Oncode Institute, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | | | - Norbert Pardi
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Beat Thöny
- Division of Metabolism and Children's Research Centre, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, Zurich, Switzerland
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Johannes Häberle
- Division of Metabolism and Children's Research Centre, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ying K Tam
- Acuitas Therapeutics Inc., Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | - Gerald Schwank
- University of Zurich, Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Zurich, Switzerland.
- Department of Biology, Institute for Molecular Health Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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23
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Mallory KL, Taylor JA, Zou X, Waghela IN, Schneider CG, Sibilo MQ, Punde NM, Perazzo LC, Savransky T, Sedegah M, Dutta S, Janse CJ, Pardi N, Lin PJC, Tam YK, Weissman D, Angov E. Messenger RNA expressing PfCSP induces functional, protective immune responses against malaria in mice. NPJ Vaccines 2021; 6:84. [PMID: 34145286 PMCID: PMC8213722 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-021-00345-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Human malaria affects the vast majority of the world's population with the Plasmodium falciparum species causing the highest rates of morbidity and mortality. With no licensed vaccine and leading candidates achieving suboptimal protection in the field, the need for an effective immunoprophylactic option continues to motivate the malaria research community to explore alternative technologies. Recent advances in the mRNA discipline have elevated the long-neglected platform to the forefront of infectious disease research. As the immunodominant coat protein of the invasive stage of the malaria parasite, circumsporozoite protein (PfCSP) was selected as the antigen of choice to assess the immunogenic and protective potential of an mRNA malaria vaccine. In mammalian cell transfection experiments, PfCSP mRNA was well expressed and cell associated. In the transition to an in vivo murine model, lipid nanoparticle (LNP) encapsulation was applied to protect and deliver the mRNA to the cell translation machinery and supply adjuvant activity. The immunogenic effect of an array of factors was explored, such as formulation, dose, number, and interval of immunizations. PfCSP mRNA-LNP achieved sterile protection against infection with two P. berghei PfCSP transgenic parasite strains, with mRNA dose and vaccination interval having a greater effect on outcome. This investigation serves as the assessment of pre-erythrocytic malaria, PfCSP mRNA vaccine candidate resulting in sterile protection, with numerous factors affecting protective efficacy, making it a compelling candidate for further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine L Mallory
- Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- Parsons Corporation, Centreville, VA, USA
| | - Justin A Taylor
- Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- The Geneva Foundation, Tacoma, WA, USA
| | - Xiaoyan Zou
- Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ishita N Waghela
- Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- Parsons Corporation, Centreville, VA, USA
| | - Cosette G Schneider
- Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Michael Q Sibilo
- Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- Parsons Corporation, Centreville, VA, USA
| | - Neeraja M Punde
- Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- The Geneva Foundation, Tacoma, WA, USA
| | - Leah C Perazzo
- Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- General Dynamics Information Technology, Falls Church, VA, USA
| | - Tatyana Savransky
- Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- General Dynamics Information Technology, Falls Church, VA, USA
| | | | - Sheetij Dutta
- Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Chris J Janse
- Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Ying K Tam
- Acuitas Therapeutics, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | - Evelina Angov
- Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
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24
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Knudson CJ, Alves-Peixoto P, Muramatsu H, Stotesbury C, Tang L, Lin PJC, Tam YK, Weissman D, Pardi N, Sigal LJ. Lipid-nanoparticle-encapsulated mRNA vaccines induce protective memory CD8 T cells against a lethal viral infection. Mol Ther 2021; 29:2769-2781. [PMID: 33992803 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2021.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well established that memory CD8 T cells protect susceptible strains of mice from mousepox, a lethal viral disease caused by ectromelia virus (ECTV), the murine counterpart to human variola virus. While mRNA vaccines induce protective antibody (Ab) responses, it is unknown whether they also induce protective memory CD8 T cells. We now show that immunization with different doses of unmodified or N(1)-methylpseudouridine-modified mRNA (modified mRNA) in lipid nanoparticles (LNP) encoding the ECTV gene EVM158 induced similarly strong CD8 T cell responses to the epitope TSYKFESV, albeit unmodified mRNA-LNP had adverse effects at the inoculation site. A single immunization with 10 μg modified mRNA-LNP protected most susceptible mice from mousepox, and booster vaccination increased the memory CD8 T cell pool, providing full protection. Moreover, modified mRNA-LNP encoding TSYKFESV appended to green fluorescent protein (GFP) protected against wild-type ECTV infection while lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus glycoprotein (GP) modified mRNA-LNP protected against ECTV expressing GP epitopes. Thus, modified mRNA-LNP can be used to create protective CD8 T cell-based vaccines against viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cory J Knudson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Bluemle Life Science Building, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Pedro Alves-Peixoto
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Bluemle Life Science Building, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA; Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga 4710-057, Portugal; ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães 4806-909, Portugal
| | - Hiromi Muramatsu
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Colby Stotesbury
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Bluemle Life Science Building, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Lingjuan Tang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Bluemle Life Science Building, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | | | - Ying K Tam
- Acuitas Therapeutics, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Drew Weissman
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Norbert Pardi
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Luis J Sigal
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Bluemle Life Science Building, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.
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25
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Villiger L, Rothgangl T, Witzigmann D, Oka R, Lin PJC, Qi W, Janjuha S, Berk C, Ringnalda F, Beattie MB, Stoffel M, Thöny B, Hall J, Rehrauer H, van Boxtel R, Tam YK, Schwank G. In vivo cytidine base editing of hepatocytes without detectable off-target mutations in RNA and DNA. Nat Biomed Eng 2021; 5:179-189. [PMID: 33495639 PMCID: PMC7610981 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-020-00671-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Base editors are RNA-programmable deaminases that enable precise single-base conversions in genomic DNA. However, off-target activity is a concern in the potential use of base editors to treat genetic diseases. Here, we report unbiased analyses of transcriptome-wide and genome-wide off-target modifications effected by cytidine base editors in the liver of mice with phenylketonuria. The intravenous delivery of intein-split cytidine base editors by dual adeno-associated viruses led to the repair of the disease-causing mutation without generating off-target mutations in the RNA and DNA of the hepatocytes. Moreover, the transient expression of a cytidine base editor mRNA and a relevant single-guide RNA intravenously delivered by lipid nanoparticles led to ~21% on-target editing and to the reversal of the disease phenotype; there were also no detectable transcriptome-wide and genome-wide off-target edits. Our findings support the feasibility of therapeutic cytidine base editing to treat genetic liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Villiger
- Department of Biology, Institute for Molecular Health Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Tanja Rothgangl
- Department of Biology, Institute for Molecular Health Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dominik Witzigmann
- Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Rurika Oka
- Oncode Institute, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Paulo J C Lin
- Acuitas Therapeutics, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Weihong Qi
- Functional Genomics Center Zurich, ETH Zurich/University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sharan Janjuha
- Department of Biology, Institute for Molecular Health Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christian Berk
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Femke Ringnalda
- Department of Biology, Institute for Molecular Health Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | | | - Markus Stoffel
- Department of Biology, Institute for Molecular Health Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Beat Thöny
- Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, Zurich, Switzerland
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Division of Metabolism, University Children's Hospital Zurich and Children's Research Centre, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jonathan Hall
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hubert Rehrauer
- Functional Genomics Center Zurich, ETH Zurich/University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ruben van Boxtel
- Oncode Institute, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Ying K Tam
- Acuitas Therapeutics, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Gerald Schwank
- Department of Biology, Institute for Molecular Health Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
- Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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26
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Weissman D, Alameh MG, de Silva T, Collini P, Hornsby H, Brown R, LaBranche CC, Edwards RJ, Sutherland L, Santra S, Mansouri K, Gobeil S, McDanal C, Pardi N, Hengartner N, Lin PJC, Tam Y, Shaw PA, Lewis MG, Boesler C, Şahin U, Acharya P, Haynes BF, Korber B, Montefiori DC. D614G Spike Mutation Increases SARS CoV-2 Susceptibility to Neutralization. Cell Host Microbe 2021; 29:23-31.e4. [PMID: 33306985 PMCID: PMC7707640 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2020.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 242] [Impact Index Per Article: 80.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike protein acquired a D614G mutation early in the pandemic that confers greater infectivity and is now the globally dominant form. To determine whether D614G might also mediate neutralization escape that could compromise vaccine efficacy, sera from spike-immunized mice, nonhuman primates, and humans were evaluated for neutralization of pseudoviruses bearing either D614 or G614 spike. In all cases, the G614 pseudovirus was moderately more susceptible to neutralization. The G614 pseudovirus also was more susceptible to neutralization by receptor-binding domain (RBD) monoclonal antibodies and convalescent sera from people infected with either form of the virus. Negative stain electron microscopy revealed a higher percentage of the 1-RBD "up" conformation in the G614 spike, suggesting increased epitope exposure as a mechanism of enhanced vulnerability to neutralization. Based on these findings, the D614G mutation is not expected to be an obstacle for current vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Drew Weissman
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Mohamad-Gabriel Alameh
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Thushan de Silva
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK; South Yorkshire Regional Department of Infection and Tropical Medicine, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - Paul Collini
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK; South Yorkshire Regional Department of Infection and Tropical Medicine, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - Hailey Hornsby
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Rebecca Brown
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Celia C LaBranche
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Robert J Edwards
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA; Duke University, Department of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Laura Sutherland
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Sampa Santra
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Katayoun Mansouri
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Sophie Gobeil
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Charlene McDanal
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Norbert Pardi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Nick Hengartner
- T6: Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM USA
| | | | - Ying Tam
- Acuitas Therapeutics, Vancouver, BC, CA
| | - Pamela A Shaw
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Priyamvada Acharya
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Barton F Haynes
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Bette Korber
- T6: Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM USA
| | - David C Montefiori
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA; Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
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Laczkó D, Hogan MJ, Toulmin SA, Hicks P, Lederer K, Gaudette BT, Castaño D, Amanat F, Muramatsu H, Oguin TH, Ojha A, Zhang L, Mu Z, Parks R, Manzoni TB, Roper B, Strohmeier S, Tombácz I, Arwood L, Nachbagauer R, Karikó K, Greenhouse J, Pessaint L, Porto M, Putman-Taylor T, Strasbaugh A, Campbell TA, Lin PJC, Tam YK, Sempowski GD, Farzan M, Choe H, Saunders KO, Haynes BF, Andersen H, Eisenlohr LC, Weissman D, Krammer F, Bates P, Allman D, Locci M, Pardi N. A Single Immunization with Nucleoside-Modified mRNA Vaccines Elicits Strong Cellular and Humoral Immune Responses against SARS-CoV-2 in Mice. Immunity 2020; 53:724-732.e7. [PMID: 32783919 PMCID: PMC7392193 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2020.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 222] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 infection has emerged as a serious global pandemic. Because of the high transmissibility of the virus and the high rate of morbidity and mortality associated with COVID-19, developing effective and safe vaccines is a top research priority. Here, we provide a detailed evaluation of the immunogenicity of lipid nanoparticle-encapsulated, nucleoside-modified mRNA (mRNA-LNP) vaccines encoding the full-length SARS-CoV-2 spike protein or the spike receptor binding domain in mice. We demonstrate that a single dose of these vaccines induces strong type 1 CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses, as well as long-lived plasma and memory B cell responses. Additionally, we detect robust and sustained neutralizing antibody responses and the antibodies elicited by nucleoside-modified mRNA vaccines do not show antibody-dependent enhancement of infection in vitro. Our findings suggest that the nucleoside-modified mRNA-LNP vaccine platform can induce robust immune responses and is a promising candidate to combat COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorottya Laczkó
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Michael J Hogan
- Division of Protective Immunity, Children's Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sushila A Toulmin
- Division of Protective Immunity, Children's Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Philip Hicks
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Katlyn Lederer
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Brian T Gaudette
- The Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Diana Castaño
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Fatima Amanat
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hiromi Muramatsu
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Thomas H Oguin
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Amrita Ojha
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Lizhou Zhang
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Zekun Mu
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Robert Parks
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Tomaz B Manzoni
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Brianne Roper
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Shirin Strohmeier
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - István Tombácz
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Leslee Arwood
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Raffael Nachbagauer
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Katalin Karikó
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; BioNTech RNA Pharmaceuticals, Mainz, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ying K Tam
- Acuitas Therapeutics, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Gregory D Sempowski
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA; Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Michael Farzan
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Hyeryun Choe
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Kevin O Saunders
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Barton F Haynes
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Laurence C Eisenlohr
- Division of Protective Immunity, Children's Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; The Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Drew Weissman
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Florian Krammer
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Paul Bates
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - David Allman
- The Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Michela Locci
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Norbert Pardi
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Cain SM, Tyson JR, Choi H, Ko R, Lin PJC, LeDue JM, Powell KL, Bernier L, Rungta RL, Yang Y, Cullis PR, O'Brien TJ, MacVicar BA, Snutch TP. Ca V 3.2 drives sustained burst-firing, which is critical for absence seizure propagation in reticular thalamic neurons. Epilepsia 2018; 59:778-791. [PMID: 29468672 PMCID: PMC5900875 DOI: 10.1111/epi.14018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Genetic alterations have been identified in the CACNA1H gene, encoding the CaV 3.2 T-type calcium channel in patients with absence epilepsy, yet the precise mechanisms relating to seizure propagation and spike-wave-discharge (SWD) pacemaking remain unknown. Neurons of the thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN) express high levels of CaV 3.2 calcium channels, and we investigated whether a gain-of-function mutation in the Cacna1h gene in Genetic Absence Epilepsy Rats from Strasbourg (GAERS) contributes to seizure propagation and pacemaking in the TRN. METHODS Pathophysiological contributions of CaV 3.2 calcium channels to burst firing and absence seizures were assessed in vitro using acute brain slice electrophysiology and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and in vivo using free-moving electrocorticography recordings. RESULTS TRN neurons from GAERS display sustained oscillatory burst-firing that is both age- and frequency-dependent, occurring only in the frequencies overlapping with GAERS SWDs and correlating with the expression of a CaV 3.2 mutation-sensitive splice variant. In vivo knock-down of CaV 3.2 using direct thalamic injection of lipid nanoparticles containing CaV 3.2 dicer small interfering (Dsi) RNA normalized TRN burst-firing, and in free-moving GAERS significantly shortened seizures. SIGNIFICANCE This supports a role for TRN CaV 3.2 T-type channels in propagating thalamocortical network seizures and setting the pacemaking frequency of SWDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart M. Cain
- Michael Smith Laboratories and Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain HealthUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain HealthUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
| | - John R. Tyson
- Michael Smith Laboratories and Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain HealthUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain HealthUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
| | - Hyun‐Beom Choi
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain HealthUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
| | - Rebecca Ko
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain HealthUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
| | - Paulo J. C. Lin
- Life Sciences InstituteUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
| | - Jeffrey M. LeDue
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain HealthUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
| | - Kim L. Powell
- The Department of NeuroscienceCentral Clinical SchoolMonash UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Louis‐Philippe Bernier
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain HealthUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
| | - Ravi L. Rungta
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain HealthUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
| | - Yi Yang
- Michael Smith Laboratories and Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain HealthUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain HealthUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
| | - Pieter R. Cullis
- Life Sciences InstituteUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
| | - Terence J. O'Brien
- The Department of NeuroscienceCentral Clinical SchoolMonash UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Brian A. MacVicar
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain HealthUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
| | - Terrance P. Snutch
- Michael Smith Laboratories and Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain HealthUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain HealthUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
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29
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Yamamoto Y, Lin PJC, Beraldi E, Zhang F, Kawai Y, Leong J, Katsumi H, Fazli L, Fraser R, Cullis PR, Gleave M. siRNA Lipid Nanoparticle Potently Silences Clusterin and Delays Progression When Combined with Androgen Receptor Cotargeting in Enzalutamide-Resistant Prostate Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2015; 21:4845-55. [PMID: 26106075 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-15-0866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Lipid nanoparticle (LNP) formulations facilitate tumor uptake and intracellular processing through an enhanced permeation and retention effect (EPR), and currently multiple products are undergoing clinical evaluation. Clusterin (CLU) is a cytoprotective chaperone induced by androgen receptor (AR) pathway inhibition to facilitate adaptive survival pathway signaling and treatment resistance. In our study, we investigated the efficacy of siRNA tumor delivery using LNP systems in an enzalutamide-resistant (ENZ-R) castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) model. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Gene silencing of a luciferase reporter gene in the PC-3M-luc stable cell line was first assessed in subcutaneous and metastatic PC-3 xenograft tumors. Upon validation, the effect of LNP siRNA targeting CLU in combination with AR antisense oligonucleotides (ASO) was assessed in ENZ-R CRPC LNCaP in vitro and in vivo models. RESULTS LNP LUC-siRNA silenced luciferase expression in PC-3M-luc subcutaneous xenograft and metastatic models. LNP CLU-siRNA potently suppressed CLU and AR ASO-induced CLU and AKT and ERK phosphorylation in ENZ-R LNCaP cells in vitro, more potently inhibiting ENZ-R cell growth rates and increased apoptosis when compared with AR-ASO monotherapy. In subcutaneous ENZ-R LNCaP xenografts, combinatory treatment of LNP CLU-siRNA plus AR-ASO significantly suppressed tumor growth and serum PSA levels compared with LNP LUC-siRNA (control) and AR-ASO. CONCLUSIONS LNP siRNA can silence target genes in vivo and enable inhibition of traditionally non-druggable genes like CLU and other promising cotargeting approaches in ENZ-R CRPC therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiaki Yamamoto
- The Vancouver Prostate Centre and Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Japan
| | - Paulo J C Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Eliana Beraldi
- The Vancouver Prostate Centre and Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Fan Zhang
- The Vancouver Prostate Centre and Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Yoshihisa Kawai
- The Vancouver Prostate Centre and Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Japan
| | - Jeffrey Leong
- The Vancouver Prostate Centre and Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Hidemasa Katsumi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Ladan Fazli
- The Vancouver Prostate Centre and Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Robert Fraser
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Pieter R Cullis
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Martin Gleave
- The Vancouver Prostate Centre and Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
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30
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Chen S, Tam YYC, Lin PJC, Leung AKK, Tam YK, Cullis PR. Development of lipid nanoparticle formulations of siRNA for hepatocyte gene silencing following subcutaneous administration. J Control Release 2014; 196:106-12. [PMID: 25285610 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2014] [Revised: 09/11/2014] [Accepted: 09/25/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Recently developed lipid nanoparticle (LNP) formulations of siRNA have proven to be effective agents for hepatocyte gene silencing following intravenous administration with at least three LNP-siRNA formulations in clinical trials. The aim of this work was to develop LNP-siRNA systems for hepatocyte gene silencing that can be administered subcutaneously (s.c.). Three parameters were investigated, namely LNP size, residence time of the polyethylene glycol (PEG)-lipid coating and the influence of hepatocyte-specific targeting ligands. LNP sizes were varied over the range of 30 to 115 nm in diameter and PEG-lipid that dissociates rapidly (PEG-DMG) and slowly (PEG-DSG) were employed. In mice, results show that large (~80 nm) LNP exhibited limited accumulation in the liver and poor Factor VII (FVII) gene silencing at 1mg siRNA/kg body weight. Conversely, small (~30 nm) LNP systems showed maximal liver accumulation yet still had minimal activity. Interestingly, intermediate size (~45 nm) LNP containing PEG-DSG exhibited nearly equivalent liver accumulation as the smaller systems following s.c. administration but reduced FVII levels by 80% at 1mg siRNA/kg body weight. Smaller systems (~35 nm diameter) containing either PEG-DMG or PEG-DSG were less active; however addition of 0.5 mol.% of a GalNAc-PEG lipid to these smaller systems improved activity to levels similar to that observed for the ~45 nm diameter systems. In summary, this work shows that appropriately designed LNP-siRNA systems can result in effective hepatocyte gene silencing following s.c administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z3
| | - Yuen Yi C Tam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z3
| | - Paulo J C Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z3
| | - Alex K K Leung
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z3
| | - Ying K Tam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z3; Acuitas Therapeutics, 2714 West 31st Avenue, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6L 2A1
| | - Pieter R Cullis
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6T 1Z3.
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31
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Tam YYC, Chen S, Zaifman J, Tam YK, Lin PJC, Ansell S, Roberge M, Ciufolini MA, Cullis PR. Small molecule ligands for enhanced intracellular delivery of lipid nanoparticle formulations of siRNA. Nanomedicine 2012; 9:665-74. [PMID: 23219877 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2012.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2012] [Revised: 11/13/2012] [Accepted: 11/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Gene silencing activity of lipid nanoparticle (LNP) formulations of siRNA requires LNP surface factors promoting cellular uptake. This study aimed to identify small molecules that enhance cellular uptake of LNP siRNA systems, then use them as LNP-associated ligands to improve gene silencing potency. Screening the Canadian Chemical Biology Network molecules for effects on LNP uptake into HeLa cells found that cardiac glycosides like ouabain and strophanthidin caused the highest uptake. Cardiac glycosides stimulate endocytosis on binding to plasma membrane Na(+)/K(+) ATPase found in all mammalian cells, offering the potential to stimulate LNP uptake into various cell types. A PEG-lipid containing strophanthidin at the end of PEG (STR-PEG-lipid) was synthesized and incorporated into LNP. Compared to non-liganded systems, STR-PEG-lipid enhanced LNP uptake in various cell types. Furthermore, this enhanced uptake improved marker gene silencing in vitro. Addition of STR-PEG-lipid to LNP siRNA may have general utility for enhancing gene silencing potency. FROM THE CLINICAL EDITOR In this study, the authors identified small molecules that enhance cellular uptake of lipid nanoparticle siRNA systems, then used them as LNP-associated ligands to improve gene silencing potency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuen Yi C Tam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
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32
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Lee JB, Zhang K, Tam YYC, Tam YK, Belliveau NM, Sung VYC, Lin PJC, LeBlanc E, Ciufolini MA, Rennie PS, Cullis PR. Lipid nanoparticle siRNA systems for silencing the androgen receptor in human prostate cancer in vivo. Int J Cancer 2012; 131:E781-90. [PMID: 22095615 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.27361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2011] [Accepted: 10/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The androgen receptor (AR) plays a critical role in the progression of prostate cancer. Silencing this protein using short-hairpin RNA (shRNA) has been correlated with tumor growth inhibition and decreases in serum prostate specific antigen (PSA). In our study, we have investigated the ability of lipid nanoparticle (LNP) formulations of small-interfering RNA (siRNA) to silence AR in human prostate tumor cell lines in vitro and in LNCaP xenograft tumors following intravenous (i.v.) injection. In vitro screening studies using a panel of cationic lipids showed that LNPs containing the ionizable cationic lipid 2,2-dilinoleyl-4-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)-[1,3]-dioxolane (DLin-KC2-DMA) exhibited the most potent AR silencing effects in LNCaP cells. This is attributed to an optimized ability of DLin-KC2-DMA-containing LNP to be taken up into cells and to release the siRNA into the cell cytoplasm following endocytotic uptake. DLin-KC2-DMA LNPs were also effective in silencing the AR in a wild-type AR expressing cell line, LAPC-4, and a variant AR expressing cell line, CWR22Rv1. Importantly, it is demonstrated that LNP AR-siRNA systems containing DLin-KC2-DMA can silence AR gene expression in distal LNCaP xenograft tumors and decrease serum PSA levels following i.v. injection. To our knowledge, this is the first report demonstrating the feasibility of LNP delivery of siRNA for silencing AR gene expression in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin B Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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33
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Onishi I, Lin PJC, Numata Y, Austin P, Cipollone J, Roberge M, Roskelley CD, Numata M. Organellar (Na+, K+)/H+ exchanger NHE7 regulates cell adhesion, invasion and anchorage-independent growth of breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells. Oncol Rep 2011; 27:311-7. [PMID: 22076128 DOI: 10.3892/or.2011.1542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2011] [Accepted: 09/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Na+/H+ exchangers (NHEs) are a group of secondary active antiporters that regulate cellular pH, cell volume and ion homeostasis. In humans, nine isoforms (NHE1-NHE9) were identified and characterized as functional NHEs. While a growing body of evidence indicates that NHE1 generates an acidic tumor environment and thereby contributes to tumor invasion, little is known about the role of other NHE isoforms in tumor progression. NHE7 is a unique member of the NHE gene family that dynamically shuttles between the trans-Golgi network, endosomes and the plasma membrane, and regulates the luminal pH of these organelles. Here we show that NHE7-overexpression in breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells enhances cell overlay, cell-cell adhesion, invasion, anchorage-independent tumor growth and tumor formation in vivo. In contrast, NHE1-overexpression enhances tumor invasion, but it has little effect on cell adhesion or anchorage-independent tumor growth. Pathological examinations of the tumor samples derived from NHE7-overexpressing cells showed a similar appearance to aggressive tumors. Together, these results suggest that NHE7 enhances tumor progression. This is the first report to show the involvement of an organellar NHE in oncogenic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ichiro Onishi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Lin PJC, Williams WP, Kobiljski J, Numata M. Caveolins bind to (Na+, K+)/H+ exchanger NHE7 by a novel binding module. Cell Signal 2007; 19:978-88. [PMID: 17207967 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2006.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2006] [Revised: 11/14/2006] [Accepted: 11/16/2006] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
NHE7 was identified as the first mammalian organelle-membrane type (Na+, K+)/H+ exchanger that may contribute to the ion homeostasis in the trans-Golgi network (TGN) and endosomes. Here we show that caveolins directly bind to the C-terminal extension of NHE7 by an unconventional binding-module. NHE7 is partly associated with caveolae/lipid raft fractions, and heterologous expression of caveolin dominant-negative mutants as well as cholesterol depriving drugs diminished such associations. In contrast to the wild type NHE7, a deletion mutant lacking the C-terminal extension was predominantly detected in non-caveolae/lipid rafts. We further show that a small fraction of NHE7 is targeted to the cell surface and subsequently internalized. Endocytosis of NHE7 was efficiently inhibited by pharmacological maneuvers that block clathrin-dependent endocytosis, whereas dominant-negative caveolin mutants or methyl beta-cyclodextrin did not affect NHE7-internalization. Thus, NHE7 associates with both caveolae/lipid rafts and non-caveolae/lipid raft, and the two pools likely exhibit separate dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo J C Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of British Columbia, Canada
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35
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Onishi I, Lin PJC, Diering GH, Williams WP, Numata M. RACK1 associates with NHE5 in focal adhesions and positively regulates the transporter activity. Cell Signal 2006; 19:194-203. [PMID: 16920332 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2006.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2006] [Revised: 06/15/2006] [Accepted: 06/29/2006] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Na+/H+ exchanger isoform 5 (NHE5) is a brain-enriched NHE that may play important roles in ion homeostasis and cell-volume regulation. However, the regulation mechanism of NHE5 has not been fully elucidated. Here, we show that Receptor for Activated C-kinase 1 (RACK1) directly binds to NHE5 and positively regulates the transporter function. NHE5 co-localized with RACK1 as well as beta1 integrin, paxillin and vinculin, suggesting that NHE5 associates with focal adhesions. By using RACK1 dominant-negative mutants and siRNA, we further show that RACK1 regulates NHE5 both directly and through an integrin-dependent pathway. The NHE5-RACK1 interaction, but not the RACK1-beta1 integrin interaction, was reinforced when cells were spread on an integrin-substrate fibronectin. We propose that RACK1 activates NHE5 both by integrin-dependent and independent pathways, which may coordinate cellular ion homeostasis during cell-matrix adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ichiro Onishi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of British Columbia, Canada
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36
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Lin PJC, Williams WP, Luu Y, Molday RS, Orlowski J, Numata M. Secretory carrier membrane proteins interact and regulate trafficking of the organellar (Na+,K+)/H+ exchanger NHE7. J Cell Sci 2005; 118:1885-97. [PMID: 15840657 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.02315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The mammalian (Na(+),K(+))/H(+) exchanger NHE7 resides chiefly in the trans-Golgi network (TGN) and post-Golgi vesicles where it is thought to contribute to organellar pH homeostasis. However, the mechanisms that underlie the targeting and regulation of NHE7 are unknown. To gain insight into these processes, yeast two-hybrid methodology was used to screen a human brain cDNA library for proteins that interact with the cytoplasmic C-terminus of NHE7. One binding partner we identified was SCAMP2, a member of the secretory carrier membrane protein (SCAMP) gene family. Direct association of these two proteins was further supported by co-immunolocalization and co-immunoprecipitation analyses using transfected cells, by their co-sedimentation in membrane fractions resolved on sucrose density gradients, and by in vitro protein binding assays. Other members of the SCAMP family, such as SCAMP1 and SCAMP5, also associated with NHE7. The majority of the NHE7-SCAMP complexes accumulated at the TGN, but a minor fraction also resided in recycling vesicles. Biochemical analyses indicated that the C-terminal cytoplasmic tail of NHE7 bound preferentially to a highly conserved cytoplasmic loop between the second and the third transmembrane segments (TM2-TM3 loop) of SCAMP2. A deletion mutant of SCAMP2 lacking this region (SCAMP2/Delta184-208) bound weakly to NHE7, but caused a significant fraction of NHE7 and wild-type SCAMP2 to redistribute to a pool of scattered recycling vesicles without noticeably affecting the location of other resident TGN (syntaxin 6) or Golgi cisternae (GM130) proteins. Conversely, a GFP-tagged TM2-TM3 construct of SCAMP2 interacted with NHE7, but also led to the redistribution of NHE7 to dispersed vesicular structures. We propose a model wherein SCAMPs participate in the shuttling of NHE7 between recycling vesicles and the TGN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo J C Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of British Columbia, 2146 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
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