1
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Lin AE, Scimone ER, Thom RP, Balaguru D, Kinane TB, Moschovis PP, Cohen MS, Tan W, Hague CD, Dannheim K, Levitsky LL, Lilly E, DiGiacomo DV, Masse KM, Kadzielski SM, Zar-Kessler CA, Ginns LC, Neumeyer AM, Colvin MK, Elder JS, Learn CP, Mou H, Weagle KM, Buch KA, Butler WE, Alhadid K, Musolino PL, Sultana S, Bandyopadhyay D, Rapalino O, Peacock ZS, Chou EL, Heidary G, Dorfman AT, Morris SA, Bergin JD, Rayment JH, Schimmenti LA, Lindsay ME. Emergence of the natural history of Myhre syndrome: 47 patients evaluated in the Massachusetts General Hospital Myhre Syndrome Clinic (2016-2023). Am J Med Genet A 2024:e63638. [PMID: 38779990 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Myhre syndrome is an increasingly diagnosed ultrarare condition caused by recurrent germline autosomal dominant de novo variants in SMAD4. Detailed multispecialty evaluations performed at the Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) Myhre Syndrome Clinic (2016-2023) and by collaborating specialists have facilitated deep phenotyping, genotyping and natural history analysis. Of 47 patients (four previously reported), most (81%) patients returned to MGH at least once. For patients followed for at least 5 years, symptom progression was observed in all. 55% were female and 9% were older than 18 years at diagnosis. Pathogenic variants in SMAD4 involved protein residues p.Ile500Val (49%), p.Ile500Thr (11%), p.Ile500Leu (2%), and p.Arg496Cys (38%). Individuals with the SMAD4 variant p.Arg496Cys were less likely to have hearing loss, growth restriction, and aortic hypoplasia than the other variant groups. Those with the p.Ile500Thr variant had moderate/severe aortic hypoplasia in three patients (60%), however, the small number (n = 5) prevented statistical comparison with the other variants. Two deaths reported in this cohort involved complex cardiovascular disease and airway stenosis, respectively. We provide a foundation for ongoing natural history studies and emphasize the need for evidence-based guidelines in anticipation of disease-specific therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela E Lin
- Medical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Eleanor R Scimone
- Medical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Robyn P Thom
- Lurie Center for Autism, Mass General for Children, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Duraisamy Balaguru
- Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - T Bernard Kinane
- Pediatric Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Peter P Moschovis
- Pediatric Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Michael S Cohen
- Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Weizhen Tan
- Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Cole D Hague
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Katelyn Dannheim
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lynne L Levitsky
- Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Evelyn Lilly
- Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Daniel V DiGiacomo
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kara M Masse
- Department of Physical Therapy, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sarah M Kadzielski
- Lurie Center for Autism, Mass General for Children, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Pediatric Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Claire A Zar-Kessler
- Pediatric Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Leo C Ginns
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ann M Neumeyer
- Lurie Center for Autism, Mass General for Children, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Pediatric Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mary K Colvin
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jack S Elder
- Division of Pediatric Urology, Department of Urology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Christopher P Learn
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Corrigan Minehan Heart Center, Adult Congenital Heart Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hongmei Mou
- Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kathryn M Weagle
- Department of Child Life, Pediatric Imaging Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Karen A Buch
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - William E Butler
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kenda Alhadid
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Patricia L Musolino
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sadia Sultana
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Otto Rapalino
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Zachary S Peacock
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Elizabeth L Chou
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gena Heidary
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Aaron T Dorfman
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Shaine A Morris
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children's Hospital and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - James D Bergin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Jonathan H Rayment
- Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, British Columbia Children's Hospital and University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Lisa A Schimmenti
- Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Mark E Lindsay
- Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Cardiovascular Genetics Program, Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Yonker LM, Kinane TB. Depths of Dysfunctional Epithelial and Immune Crosstalk in Cystic Fibrosis Revealed. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2024. [PMID: 38358817 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202401-0181ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lael M Yonker
- Massachusetts General Hospital, 2348, Pediatric Pulmonology, Boston, Massachusetts, United States;
| | - T Bernard Kinane
- Massachusetts General Hospital, 2348, Pediatric Pulmonology, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
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Shah J, Moschovis PP, Rooney J, Singh D, Demokritou P, Yonker LM, Kinane TB. Aerosol Production by Children Performing Spirometry and Implications During a Pandemic. Respir Care 2023; 68:1254-1257. [PMID: 37041027 PMCID: PMC10468168 DOI: 10.4187/respcare.10200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jhill Shah
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Pediatrics, Emerson Hospital, Concord, Massachusetts
- Department of Pediatrics, Franciscan Children's Hospital, Brighton, Massachusetts
| | - Peter P Moschovis
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jennifer Rooney
- Division of Pediatric Global Health, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Dilpreet Singh
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Philip Demokritou
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lael M Yonker
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - T Bernard Kinane
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
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Moschovis PP, Lombay J, Rooney J, Schenkel SR, Singh D, Rezaei SJ, Salo N, Gong A, Yonker LM, Shah J, Hayden D, Hibberd PL, Demokritou P, Kinane TB. The effect of activity and face masks on exhaled particles in children. Pediatr Investig 2023; 7:75-85. [PMID: 37324601 PMCID: PMC10262878 DOI: 10.1002/ped4.12376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Importance Despite the high burden of respiratory infections among children, the production of exhaled particles during common activities and the efficacy of face masks in children have not been sufficiently studied. Objective To determine the effect of type of activity and mask usage on exhaled particle production in children. Methods Healthy children were asked to perform activities that ranged in intensity (breathing quietly, speaking, singing, coughing, and sneezing) while wearing no mask, a cloth mask, or a surgical mask. The concentration and size of exhaled particles were assessed during each activity. Results Twenty-three children were enrolled in the study. Average exhaled particle concentration increased by intensity of activity, with the lowest particle concentration during tidal breathing (1.285 particles/cm3 [95% CI 0.943, 1.627]) and highest particle concentration during sneezing (5.183 particles/cm3 [95% CI 1.911, 8.455]). High-intensity activities were associated with an increase primarily in the respirable size (≤ 5 µm) particle fraction. Surgical and cloth masks were associated with lower average particle concentration compared to no mask (P = 0.026 for sneezing). Surgical masks outperformed cloth masks across all activities, especially within the respirable size fraction. In a multivariable linear regression model, we observed significant effect modification of activity by age and by mask type. Interpretation Similar to adults, children produce exhaled particles that vary in size and concentration across a range of activities. Production of respirable size fraction particles (≤ 5 µm), the dominant mode of transmission of many respiratory viruses, increases significantly with coughing and sneezing and is most effectively reduced by wearing surgical face masks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter P. Moschovis
- Department of PediatricsMassachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Jesiel Lombay
- Department of PediatricsMassachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Jennifer Rooney
- Department of PediatricsMassachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Sara R. Schenkel
- Department of PediatricsMassachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Dilpreet Singh
- Department of Environmental HealthHarvard T. H. Chan School of Public HealthBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringRutgers University School of Public HealthNew BrunswickNew JerseyUSA
| | - Shawheen J. Rezaei
- Department of PediatricsMassachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Nora Salo
- Department of PediatricsMassachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Amanda Gong
- David Geffen School of Medicinethe University of California Los AngelesLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Lael M. Yonker
- Department of PediatricsMassachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Jhill Shah
- Department of PediatricsMassachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Douglas Hayden
- Department of PediatricsMassachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Patricia L. Hibberd
- Department of Global HealthBoston University School of Public HealthBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Philip Demokritou
- Department of Environmental HealthHarvard T. H. Chan School of Public HealthBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringRutgers University School of Public HealthNew BrunswickNew JerseyUSA
| | - T. Bernard Kinane
- Department of PediatricsMassachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
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Ahmed AR, Aksoy M, Kinane TB. Pemphigoid of the pulmonary system (POPS): A review of a less recognized feature. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2022; 21:103180. [PMID: 35981700 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2022.103180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
This review of Pemphigoid of the Pulmonary System (POPS) is a comprehensive description of pulmonary involvement in patients with mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP), which is an orphan autoimmune blistering disease. The objective of the review was to analyze clinical features of pulmonary involvement in MMP. This POPS review is a case series in which multiple search engines were utilized from inception to June 2022 for cases of MMP with biopsy and immunopathology proven tracheal and bronchial pemphigoid. Clinical profiles prior to pulmonary involvement, bronchoscopy findings, clinical course and therapy were recorded and cause of death was analyzed. Patients with documented MMP who developed tracheal, bronchial and pulmonary involvement were included in the POPS review. Histology and immunopathology documentation were essential diagnostic criteria. Comparison groups were not possible. Patients were treated with immunosuppressive therapy. Some required surgical interventions. Six of the 11 patients attained complete or partial remission on or off therapy. Five patients died from pulmonary complications. The POPS review had six females and five males. The mean age at onset was 20 years (range 4-76), while 80% of the patients were under 40 years. All had severe widespread MMP involving three to five mucosal tissues. 100% had oral, 82% had ocular and cutaneous involvement. Pulmonary involvement occurred at 24 mo (range 2-372) after the onset of MMP. Bronchoscopy revealed acute inflammation during active disease and scarring of the trachea and bronchi in the later stages. Systemic infections occurred in 45%, while pulmonary infection occurred in 36%. Mortality due to respiratory failure, at the median age of 20 years (range 18-76), occurred in 45% of the patients, and was considered disease related. In spite of the young age, while there are some similarities in the clinical profile and response to systemic therapy, there are definitive differences from other patients with MMP. Early diagnosis with appropriate management could produce better clinical outcomes and prevent mortality in this orphan disease. Consequently, there is a critical need for early identification and diagnosis of POPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Razzaque Ahmed
- Center for Blistering Diseases, Department of Dermatology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Merve Aksoy
- Center for Blistering Diseases, Department of Dermatology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - T Bernard Kinane
- Chief Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, Mass General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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6
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Moschovis PP, Lu M, Hayden D, Yonker LM, Lombay J, Taveras E, Arauz Boudreau A, Triant VA, Foulkes AS, Bassett I, Hibberd PL, Kinane TB. Effect modification by age of the association between obstructive lung diseases, smoking, and COVID-19 severity. BMJ Open Respir Res 2021; 8:8/1/e001038. [PMID: 34740944 PMCID: PMC8573665 DOI: 10.1136/bmjresp-2021-001038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Obstructive lung diseases (asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)) and smoking are associated with greater risk of respiratory infections and hospitalisations, but conflicting data exist regarding their association with severity of COVID-19, and few studies have evaluated whether these associations differ by age. Objectives To examine the associations between asthma, COPD and smoking on the severity of COVID-19 among a cohort of hospitalised patients, and to test for effect modification by age. Methods We performed a retrospective analysis of electronic health record data of patients admitted to Massachusetts General Hospital, assigning the maximal WHO Clinical Progression Scale score for each patient during the first 28 days following hospital admission. Using ordered logistic regression, we measured the association between maximal severity score and asthma, COPD and smoking and their interaction with age. Measurements and main results Among 1391 patients hospitalised with COVID-19, we found an increased risk of severe disease among patients with COPD and prior smoking, independent of age. We also found evidence of effect modification by age with asthma and current smoking; in particular, asthma was associated with decreased COVID-19 severity among older adults, and current smoking was associated with decreased severity among younger patients. Conclusions This cohort study identifies age as a modifying factor for the association between asthma and smoking on severity of COVID-19. Our findings highlight the complexities of determining risk factors for COVID-19 severity, and suggest that the effect of risk factors may vary across the age spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter P Moschovis
- Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mengdi Lu
- Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Douglas Hayden
- Biostatistics Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lael M Yonker
- Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jesiel Lombay
- Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Elsie Taveras
- Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Alexy Arauz Boudreau
- Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Virginia A Triant
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Andrea S Foulkes
- Biostatistics Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ingrid Bassett
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Patricia L Hibberd
- Department of Global Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - T Bernard Kinane
- Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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7
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Yonker LM, Boucau J, Regan J, Choudhary MC, Burns MD, Young N, Farkas EJ, Davis JP, Moschovis PP, Kinane TB, Fasano A, Neilan AM, Li JZ, Barczak AK. Virologic features of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children. J Infect Dis 2021; 224:1821-1829. [PMID: 34647601 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiab509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Data on pediatric COVID-19 has lagged behind adults throughout the pandemic. An understanding of SARS-CoV-2 viral dynamics in children would enable data-driven public health guidance. METHODS Respiratory swabs were collected from children with COVID-19. Viral load was quantified by RT-PCR; viral culture was assessed by direct observation of cytopathic effects and semiquantitative viral titers. Correlations with age, symptom duration, and disease severity were analyzed. SARS-CoV-2 whole genome sequences were compared with contemporaneous sequences. RESULTS 110 children with COVID-19 (median age 10 years, range 2 weeks-21 years) were included in this study. Age did not impact SARS-CoV-2 viral load. Children were most infectious within the first five days of illness, and severe disease did not correlate with increased viral loads. Pediatric SARS-CoV-2 sequences were representative of those in the community and novel variants were identified. CONCLUSIONS Symptomatic and asymptomatic children can carry high quantities of live, replicating SARS-CoV-2, creating a potential reservoir for transmission and evolution of genetic variants. As guidance around social distancing and masking evolves following vaccine uptake in older populations, a clear understanding of SARS-CoV-2 infection dynamics in children is critical for rational development of public health policies and vaccination strategies to mitigate the impact of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lael M Yonker
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Boston, MA, USA.,Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Julie Boucau
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - James Regan
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Manish C Choudhary
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Madeleine D Burns
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nicola Young
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eva J Farkas
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jameson P Davis
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Peter P Moschovis
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - T Bernard Kinane
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alessio Fasano
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Boston, MA, USA.,Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anne M Neilan
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jonathan Z Li
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Amy K Barczak
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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8
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Yonker LM, Boucau J, Regan J, Choudhary MC, Burns MD, Young N, Farkas EJ, Davis JP, Moschovis PP, Kinane TB, Fasano A, Neilan AM, Li JZ, Barczak AK. Virologic features of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children. medRxiv 2021:2021.05.30.21258086. [PMID: 34124714 PMCID: PMC8193793 DOI: 10.1101/2021.05.30.21258086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Data on pediatric COVID-19 has lagged behind adults throughout the pandemic. An understanding of SARS-CoV-2 viral dynamics in children would enable data-driven public health guidance. METHODS Respiratory swabs were collected from children with COVID-19. Viral load was quantified by RT-PCR; viral culture was assessed by direct observation of cytopathic effects and semiquantitative viral titers. Correlations with age, symptom duration, and disease severity were analyzed. SARS-CoV-2 whole genome sequences were compared with contemporaneous sequences. RESULTS 110 children with COVID-19 (median age 10 years, range 2 weeks-21 years) were included in this study. Age did not impact SARS-CoV-2 viral load. Children were most infectious within the first five days of illness, and severe disease did not correlate with increased viral loads. Pediatric SARS-CoV-2 sequences were representative of those in the community and novel variants were identified. CONCLUSIONS Symptomatic and asymptomatic children can carry high quantities of live, replicating SARS-CoV-2, creating a potential reservoir for transmission and evolution of genetic variants. As guidance around social distancing and masking evolves following vaccine uptake in older populations, a clear understanding of SARS-CoV-2 infection dynamics in children is critical for rational development of public health policies and vaccination strategies to mitigate the impact of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lael M Yonker
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Julie Boucau
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - James Regan
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Manish C Choudhary
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Madeleine D Burns
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nicola Young
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eva J Farkas
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jameson P Davis
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Peter P Moschovis
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - T Bernard Kinane
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alessio Fasano
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anne M Neilan
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jonathan Z Li
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Department of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Amy K Barczak
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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9
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Moschovis PP, Yonker LM, Shah J, Singh D, Demokritou P, Kinane TB. Aerosol transmission of SARS-CoV-2 by children and adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Pediatr Pulmonol 2021; 56:1389-1394. [PMID: 33624927 PMCID: PMC8014227 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.25330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can be transmitted via respiratory droplets, aerosols, and to a lesser extent, fomites. Defining the factors driving infectivity and transmission is critical for infection control and containment of this pandemic. We outline the major methods of transmission of SARS-CoV-2, focusing on aerosol transmission. We review principles of aerosol science and discuss their implications for mitigating the spread of SARS-CoV-2 among children and adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter P Moschovis
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lael M Yonker
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jhill Shah
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Dilpreet Singh
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Philip Demokritou
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - T Bernard Kinane
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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10
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Lin AE, Brunetti-Pierri N, Callewaert B, Cormier-Daire V, Douzgou S, Kinane TB, Lindsay ME, Starr LJ. Lack of resemblance between Myhre syndrome and other "segmental progeroid" syndromes warrants restraint in applying this classification. GeroScience 2021; 43:459-461. [PMID: 33630210 PMCID: PMC8110621 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-021-00337-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Angela E Lin
- Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Nicola Brunetti-Pierri
- Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy.,Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Bert Callewaert
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Valérie Cormier-Daire
- Clinical Genetics, Paris Centre University, INSERM UMR 1163, Imagine Institute, Hôpital Necker enfants, Malades, Paris, France
| | - Sofia Douzgou
- Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.,Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Saint Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, England.,Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicines and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - T Bernard Kinane
- Pediatric Pulmonary, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mark E Lindsay
- Cardiovascular Genetics Program, Division of Cardiology and Pediatric Cardiology, Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lois J Starr
- Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
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11
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Moschovis PP, Sampayo EM, Cook A, Doros G, Parry BA, Lombay J, Kinane TB, Taylor K, Keating T, Abeyratne U, Porter P, Carl J. The diagnosis of respiratory disease in children using a phone-based cough and symptom analysis algorithm: The smartphone recordings of cough sounds 2 (SMARTCOUGH-C 2) trial design. Contemp Clin Trials 2021; 101:106278. [PMID: 33444779 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2021.106278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The diagnosis of acute respiratory diseases in children can be challenging, and no single objective diagnostic test exists for common pediatric respiratory diseases. Previous research has demonstrated that ResAppDx, a cough sound and symptom-based analysis algorithm, can identify common respiratory diseases at the point of care. We present the study protocol for SMARTCOUGH-C 2, a prospective diagnostic accuracy trial of a cough and symptom-based algorithm in a cohort of children presenting with acute respiratory diseases. The objective of the study is to assess the performance characteristics of the ResAppDx algorithm in the diagnosis of common pediatric acute respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter P Moschovis
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Esther M Sampayo
- Texas Children's Hospital and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Anna Cook
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gheorghe Doros
- Boston University School of Public Health and Baim Institute for Clinical Research, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Blair A Parry
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jesiel Lombay
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - T Bernard Kinane
- Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Paul Porter
- Perth Children's Hospital, Joondalup Health Campus, Perth, Australia
| | - John Carl
- Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
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12
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Fialkowski A, Gernez Y, Arya P, Weinacht KG, Kinane TB, Yonker LM. Insight into the pediatric and adult dichotomy of COVID-19: Age-related differences in the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Pediatr Pulmonol 2020; 55:2556-2564. [PMID: 32710693 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.24981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The difference in morbidity and mortality between adult and pediatric coronavirus disease 2019 infections is dramatic. Understanding pediatric-specific acute and delayed immune responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is critical for the development of vaccination strategies, immune-targeted therapies, and treatment and prevention of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. The goal of this review is to highlight research developments in the understanding of the immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 infections, with a specific focus on age-related immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yael Gernez
- Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Puneeta Arya
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Katja G Weinacht
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - T Bernard Kinane
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Division of Pulmonary, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lael M Yonker
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Division of Pulmonary, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Boston, Massachusetts
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13
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Hawley MH, Moschovis PP, Lu M, Kinane TB, Yonker LM. The future is here: Integrating genetics into the pediatric pulmonary clinic. Pediatr Pulmonol 2020; 55:1810-1818. [PMID: 32533912 PMCID: PMC7384239 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.24723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Recognition of underlying genetic etiologies of disease is increasing at an exponential rate, likely due to greater access to and lower cost of genetic testing. Monogenic causes of disease, or conditions resulting from a mutation or mutations in a single gene, are now well recognized in every subspecialty, including pediatric pulmonary medicine; thus, it is important to consider genetic conditions when evaluating children with respiratory disease. In the pediatric pulmonary clinic, genetic testing should be considered when multiple family members present with similar or related clinical features and when individuals have unusual clinical presentations, such as early-onset disease or complex, syndromic features. This review provides a practical guide for genetic diagnosis in the pediatric pulmonary setting, including a review of genetic concepts, considerations for test selection and results in interpretation, as well as an overview of genetic differential diagnoses for common pediatric pulmonary phenotypes. Genetic conditions that commonly present to the pediatric pulmonary clinic are reviewed in a companion article by Yonker et al.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan H Hawley
- Pulmonary Division, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Boston, Massachusetts.,Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Partners HealthCare Personalized Medicine, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Peter P Moschovis
- Pulmonary Division, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mengdi Lu
- Pulmonary Division, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - T Bernard Kinane
- Pulmonary Division, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lael M Yonker
- Pulmonary Division, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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14
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Bartley B, Kinane TB, Nimkin K, Sagar P, Schroeder S, Nelson BA. Recurrent hemoptysis: A branching story. Pediatr Pulmonol 2020; 55:1534-1540. [PMID: 32243734 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.24732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bethany Bartley
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - T Bernard Kinane
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Katherine Nimkin
- Department of Pediatric Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Pallavi Sagar
- Department of Pediatric Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Scott Schroeder
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Benjamin A Nelson
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Boston, Massachusetts
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15
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Yonker LM, Hawley MH, Moschovis PP, Lu M, Kinane TB. Recognizing genetic disease: A key aspect of pediatric pulmonary care. Pediatr Pulmonol 2020; 55:1794-1809. [PMID: 32533909 PMCID: PMC7384240 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.24706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Advancement in technology has improved recognition of genetic etiologies of disease, which has impacted diagnosis and management of rare disease patients in the pediatric pulmonary clinic. This review provides an overview of genetic conditions that are likely to present with pulmonary features and require extensive care by the pediatric pulmonologist. Increased familiarity with these conditions allows for improved care of these patients by reducing time to diagnosis, tailoring management, and prompting further investigation into these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lael M Yonker
- Pulmonary Division, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Megan H Hawley
- Pulmonary Division, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Boston, Massachusetts.,Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Partners HealthCare Personalized Medicine, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Peter P Moschovis
- Pulmonary Division, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mengdi Lu
- Pulmonary Division, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - T Bernard Kinane
- Pulmonary Division, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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16
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Oreskovic NM, Kinane TB, Aryee E, Kuhlthau KA, Perrin JM. The Unexpected Risks of COVID-19 on Asthma Control in Children. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2020; 8:2489-2491. [PMID: 32497662 PMCID: PMC7263244 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2020.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Much is being learned about clinical outcomes for adult COVID-19 patients with underlying chronic conditions; however, there is less coverage on how the COVID-19 pandemic impacts the management of chronic medical conditions, such as asthma, in children and youth. Asthma is a common chronic medical condition in children that is uniquely susceptible to changes brought on by COVID-19. Sudden dramatic changes in the environment, medical practice, and medication use have altered the asthma management landscape with potential impacts on asthma outcomes. In this paper, we review how changes in transportation and travel patterns, school attendance, physical activity, and time spent indoors, along with changes in health care delivery since the start of the pandemic, all play a contributing role in asthma control in children. We review potentially important influences of asthma control in children during the COVID-19 pandemic worthy of further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas M Oreskovic
- Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass; Department of Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass.
| | - T Bernard Kinane
- Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Emmanuel Aryee
- Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - Karen A Kuhlthau
- Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - James M Perrin
- Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
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17
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Yonker LM, Shen K, Kinane TB. Lessons unfolding from pediatric cases of COVID-19 disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection. Pediatr Pulmonol 2020; 55:1085-1086. [PMID: 32243722 PMCID: PMC7167841 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.24748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lael M. Yonker
- Pulmonary DivisionMassachusetts General Hospital for ChildrenBostonMassachusetts
- Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusetts
| | - Kunling Shen
- China National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseasesBeijingChina
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Children's HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- National Center for Children's HealthBeijingChina
| | - T. Bernard Kinane
- Pulmonary DivisionMassachusetts General Hospital for ChildrenBostonMassachusetts
- Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusetts
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18
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Bartley BL, Schwartz CE, Stark RB, Georgiopoulos AM, Friedman D, Richards CJ, Dorkin HL, Kinane TB, Neuringer IP, Yonker LM. Lung transplant referral practice patterns: a survey of cystic fibrosis physicians and general pulmonologists. BMC Pulm Med 2020; 20:58. [PMID: 32131782 PMCID: PMC7055110 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-020-1067-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF) die from respiratory failure without referral for lung transplant. Physician practices that may expedite, delay, or preclude referral, are poorly understood. METHODS Two parallel, web-based surveys focusing on lung transplant referral triggers and barriers, as well as pre-referral evaluation, were emailed to pulmonologists practicing in the New England region. One questionnaire was sent to CF providers (n = 61), and the second to general pulmonary providers practicing at the same institutions (n = 61). RESULTS There were 43 (70%) responses to the CF provider survey, and 25 (41%) responses to the general pulmonary ('non-CF') provider survey. Primary reasons for CF providers to refer their patients included: rapidly declining lung function (91%) and a forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) below 30% predicted (74%). The greatest barriers to referral for both CF and non-CF providers included active tobacco use (65 and 96%, respectively, would not refer), and active alcohol or other substance use or dependence (63 and 80%). Furthermore, up to 42% of CF providers would potentially delay their referral if triple-combination therapy or other promising new, disease-specific therapy were anticipated. In general, non-CF providers perform a more robust pre-referral medical work-up, while CF providers complete a psychosocial evaluation in higher numbers. Across both groups, communication with lung transplant programs was reported to be inadequate. CONCLUSIONS Physician-level barriers to timely lung transplant referral exist and need to be addressed. Enhanced communication between lung transplant programs and pulmonary providers may reduce these barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bethany L Bartley
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pulmonology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Carolyn E Schwartz
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pulmonology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.,DeltaQuest Foundation, Inc., 31 Mitchell Road, Concord, MA, 01742, USA
| | - Roland B Stark
- DeltaQuest Foundation, Inc., 31 Mitchell Road, Concord, MA, 01742, USA
| | - Anna M Georgiopoulos
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Deborah Friedman
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Christopher J Richards
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Henry L Dorkin
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pulmonology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - T Bernard Kinane
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pulmonology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Isabel P Neuringer
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Lael M Yonker
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pulmonology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
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19
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Yonker LM, Hawley MH, Kinane TB. Do mesenchymal stromal cell infusions advance the understanding and treatment options of FLNA-associated pulmonary disease? Pediatr Pulmonol 2020; 55:270-271. [PMID: 31746552 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.24570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lael M Yonker
- Pulmonary Division, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Megan H Hawley
- Pulmonary Division, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Boston, Massachusetts.,Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Partners HealthCare Personalized Medicine, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - T Bernard Kinane
- Pulmonary Division, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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20
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Shen KL, Namazova-Baranova L, Yang YH, Wong GWK, Rosenwasser LJ, Rodewald LE, Goh AEN, Kerem E, O’Callaghan C, Kinane TB, Elnazir B, Triasih R, Horne R, Chang AB, Buttery J, Etzel RA, Ouchi K, Hoey H, Singh V, Rivera GC, Li SS, Guan Y, Cao L, Zheng YJ, Feng LZ, Zhong W, Xie ZD, Xu BP, Lin RJ, Lu G, Qin Q, Zhu CM, Qian SY, Liu G, Zhao CS, Wei Z, Zhao YH. Global Pediatric Pulmonology Alliance recommendation to strengthen prevention of pediatric seasonal influenza under COVID-19 pandemic. World J Pediatr 2020; 16:433-437. [PMID: 32920745 PMCID: PMC7486984 DOI: 10.1007/s12519-020-00389-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Ling Shen
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XChina National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Respiratory Medicine of Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China
| | - Leyla Namazova-Baranova
- grid.4886.20000 0001 2192 9124Pediatrics and Child Health Research Institute, Central Clinical Hospital, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Yong-Hong Yang
- Department of Respiratory, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
| | | | | | - Lance E. Rodewald
- grid.198530.60000 0000 8803 2373National Immunization Program, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Anne Eng Neo Goh
- grid.414963.d0000 0000 8958 3388K Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Eitan Kerem
- grid.17788.310000 0001 2221 2926Department of Pediatrics, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Chris O’Callaghan
- grid.83440.3b0000000121901201UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health and Great Ormond Street Hospital (GOSH) BRC, University College London, London, UK
| | - T. Bernard Kinane
- grid.32224.350000 0004 0386 9924Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Boston, MA USA
| | - Basil Elnazir
- grid.8217.c0000 0004 1936 9705Children’s Health Ireland and Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Rina Triasih
- grid.8570.aDepartment of Paediatric, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada/Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Rosemary Horne
- grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Anne B. Chang
- grid.240562.7Queensland Children’s Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jim Buttery
- grid.271089.50000 0000 8523 7955Monash Children’s Hospital, Menzies School of Health Research, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ruth A. Etzel
- grid.253615.60000 0004 1936 9510George Washington University, Washington, DC USA
| | - Kazunobu Ouchi
- grid.415086.e0000 0001 1014 2000Department of Pediatrics, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki-City, Japan
| | - Hilary Hoey
- grid.8217.c0000 0004 1936 9705Department of Pediatrics, University of Dublin Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Varinder Singh
- grid.415723.6Lady Hardinge Medical College and Assoc Kalawati Saran Children’s Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Genesis C. Rivera
- grid.449447.e0000 0000 9564 4538Center for Medical and Allied Health Sciences, New Era University, Quezon City, the Philippines
| | - Spencer S. Li
- Global Pediatric Pulmonology Alliance, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yu Guan
- Global Pediatric Pulmonology Alliance, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | | | - Ling Cao
- grid.459434.bDepartment of Respiratory, the Children’s Hospital Affiliated to the Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Yue-Jie Zheng
- grid.452787.b0000 0004 1806 5224Department of Respiratory, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lu-Zhao Feng
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wu Zhong
- National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng-De Xie
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XNational Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Laboratory of Infection and Virology, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children’s
Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China
| | - Bao-Ping Xu
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XChina National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Respiratory Medicine of Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China
| | - Rong-Jun Lin
- grid.412521.1The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Gen Lu
- grid.410737.60000 0000 8653 1072Department of Respiratory, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiang Qin
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XChina National Clinical Research Center of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Respiratory Medicine of Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China
| | - Chun-Mei Zhu
- grid.459434.bDepartment of Respiratory, the Children’s Hospital Affiliated to the Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Su-Yun Qian
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XPediatric Intensive Care Unit, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Liu
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng-Song Zhao
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuang Wei
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XDepartment of Health Care, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Hong Zhao
- grid.24696.3f0000 0004 0369 153XDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China
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21
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Khan N, Eliopoulos H, Han L, Kinane TB, Lowes LP, Mendell JR, Gordish-Dressman H, Henricson EK, McDonald CM. Eteplirsen Treatment Attenuates Respiratory Decline in Ambulatory and Non-Ambulatory Patients with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. J Neuromuscul Dis 2019; 6:213-225. [PMID: 30856119 PMCID: PMC6598025 DOI: 10.3233/jnd-180351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) patients experience skeletal muscle degeneration, including respiratory muscles. Respiratory decline in glucocorticoid-treated DMD patients, measured by percent predicted forced vital capacity (FVC% p), is typically 5% annually in patients aged 10 to 18 years. OBJECTIVE Evaluate the effects of eteplirsen on FVC% p annual change in 3 trials versus matched Cooperative International Neuromuscular Research Group Duchenne Natural History Study (CINRG DNHS) controls. METHODS Eteplirsen studies 201/202 evaluated eligible ambulatory DMD patients for at least 4 years, study 204 evaluated primarily non-ambulatory DMD patients for 2 years, and ongoing study 301 is evaluating ambulatory DMD patients for 2 years (interim analysis is included). Eteplirsen-treated patients (n = 74) were amenable to exon 51 skipping and were receiving glucocorticoids. Three CINRG DNHS cohorts included: glucocorticoid-treated patients amenable to exon 51 skipping (Exon 51 CINRG DNHS; n = 20), all glucocorticoid-treated CINRG patients (All CINRG DNHS; n = 172), and all glucocorticoid-treated genotyped CINRG DNHS patients (Genotyped CINRG DNHS; n = 148). FVC% p assessments between ages 10 and <18 years were included for all patients; mixed-model analyses characterized FVC% p annual change. RESULTS FVC% p annual change was greater for CINRG DNHS Exon 51 controls (- 6.00) versus patients in studies 201/202, study 204, and study 301 (- 2.19, P < 0.001; - 3.66, P 0.004; and - 3.79, P 0.017, respectively). FVC% p annual change in all eteplirsen studies suggested treatment benefit compared with the Genotyped CINRG DNHS (- 5.67) and All CINRG DNHS (- 5.56) cohorts (P < 0.05, all comparisons). CONCLUSIONS Significant, clinically meaningful attenuation of FVC%p decline was observed in eteplirsen-treated patients versus CINRG DNHS controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navid Khan
- Sarepta Therapeutics, Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Lixin Han
- Sarepta Therapeutics, Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - T Bernard Kinane
- Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Heather Gordish-Dressman
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Children's National Health System and the George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington DC, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- Ted M Kremer
- From the Department of Pediatrics, UMass Memorial Medical Center, and the Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester (T.M.K.), the Departments of Pediatrics (M.E.L., T.B.K.), Radiology (B.P.L.), and Pathology (M.M.-K.), Massachusetts General Hospital, and the Departments of Pediatrics (M.E.L., T.B.K.), Radiology (B.P.L.), and Pathology (M.M.-K.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, and the Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Partners HealthCare Personalized Medicine, Cambridge (M.H.H.) - all in Massachusetts
| | - Mark E Lindsay
- From the Department of Pediatrics, UMass Memorial Medical Center, and the Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester (T.M.K.), the Departments of Pediatrics (M.E.L., T.B.K.), Radiology (B.P.L.), and Pathology (M.M.-K.), Massachusetts General Hospital, and the Departments of Pediatrics (M.E.L., T.B.K.), Radiology (B.P.L.), and Pathology (M.M.-K.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, and the Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Partners HealthCare Personalized Medicine, Cambridge (M.H.H.) - all in Massachusetts
| | - T Bernard Kinane
- From the Department of Pediatrics, UMass Memorial Medical Center, and the Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester (T.M.K.), the Departments of Pediatrics (M.E.L., T.B.K.), Radiology (B.P.L.), and Pathology (M.M.-K.), Massachusetts General Hospital, and the Departments of Pediatrics (M.E.L., T.B.K.), Radiology (B.P.L.), and Pathology (M.M.-K.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, and the Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Partners HealthCare Personalized Medicine, Cambridge (M.H.H.) - all in Massachusetts
| | - Megan H Hawley
- From the Department of Pediatrics, UMass Memorial Medical Center, and the Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester (T.M.K.), the Departments of Pediatrics (M.E.L., T.B.K.), Radiology (B.P.L.), and Pathology (M.M.-K.), Massachusetts General Hospital, and the Departments of Pediatrics (M.E.L., T.B.K.), Radiology (B.P.L.), and Pathology (M.M.-K.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, and the Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Partners HealthCare Personalized Medicine, Cambridge (M.H.H.) - all in Massachusetts
| | - Brent P Little
- From the Department of Pediatrics, UMass Memorial Medical Center, and the Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester (T.M.K.), the Departments of Pediatrics (M.E.L., T.B.K.), Radiology (B.P.L.), and Pathology (M.M.-K.), Massachusetts General Hospital, and the Departments of Pediatrics (M.E.L., T.B.K.), Radiology (B.P.L.), and Pathology (M.M.-K.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, and the Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Partners HealthCare Personalized Medicine, Cambridge (M.H.H.) - all in Massachusetts
| | - Mari Mino-Kenudson
- From the Department of Pediatrics, UMass Memorial Medical Center, and the Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester (T.M.K.), the Departments of Pediatrics (M.E.L., T.B.K.), Radiology (B.P.L.), and Pathology (M.M.-K.), Massachusetts General Hospital, and the Departments of Pediatrics (M.E.L., T.B.K.), Radiology (B.P.L.), and Pathology (M.M.-K.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, and the Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Partners HealthCare Personalized Medicine, Cambridge (M.H.H.) - all in Massachusetts
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Lee J, Israel E, Weinstein H, Kinane TB, Pasternack M, Linov P, Kaafarani HMA, Greenspan P, Rao SK. Using Physician-Level Emergency Department Utilization Reports to Address Avoidable Visits by Patients Managed by Pediatric Specialists. Hosp Pediatr 2019; 7:686-691. [PMID: 29055023 DOI: 10.1542/hpeds.2017-0054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Emergency department (ED) utilization is a major driver of cost. Specialist physicians have an important role in addressing ED utilization, especially at tertiary medical centers that treat highly specialized patients. We analyzed if reporting of ED utilization to pediatric specialist physicians can decrease ED visits. METHODS Physicians within pediatric neurology, hematology and oncology, infectious diseases, and pulmonary divisions received their ED use reports. By using control charts, we examined if this intervention decreased the rate of ED utilization. RESULTS Overall, for the 4 divisions, specialty-related ED utilization decreased significantly during all hours, weekdays, and office hours. This was in the setting of ED utilization increasing for all diagnoses ED visits. Pediatric ED volume did not change during the study period. CONCLUSIONS Physician-level reporting of ED utilization was associated with a reduction in ED use by patients managed by our pediatric specialists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarone Lee
- Departments of Emergency Medicine, .,Massachusetts General Physician Organization, Boston, Massachusetts.,Surgery
| | - Esther Israel
- Massachusetts General Physician Organization, Boston, Massachusetts.,Pediatrics, and
| | - Howard Weinstein
- Massachusetts General Physician Organization, Boston, Massachusetts.,Pediatrics, and
| | - T Bernard Kinane
- Massachusetts General Physician Organization, Boston, Massachusetts.,Pediatrics, and
| | - Mark Pasternack
- Massachusetts General Physician Organization, Boston, Massachusetts.,Pediatrics, and
| | - Pamela Linov
- Massachusetts General Physician Organization, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | | | - Sandhya K Rao
- Pediatrics, and.,Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; and
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24
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Firth
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston MA 02114, USA
| | - T Bernard Kinane
- Pediatric Pulmonary Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston MA 02114, USA
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25
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Gipson
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Mengdi Lu
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - T Bernard Kinane
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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Yonker LM, Kinane TB. Diagnostic and clinical course of pulmonary interstitial glycogenosis: The tip of the iceberg. Pediatr Pulmonol 2018; 53:1659-1661. [PMID: 30259700 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.24167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
"Pulmonary Interstitial Glycogenosis: Diagnostic Evaluation and Clinical Course," written by Liptzin et al is a timely and insightful phenotypic summary of a rare pediatric interstitial lung disease. Twenty-four infants with biopsy-proven pulmonary interstitial glycogenosis (PIG) were reviewed at their center. Genetic analysis, bronchoscopy results, imaging, biopsy, and cardiology findings were described, and treatment decision and clinical outcomes were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lael M Yonker
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - T Bernard Kinane
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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27
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Kinane TB, Mayer OH, Duda PW, Lowes LP, Moody SL, Mendell JR. Long-Term Pulmonary Function in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: Comparison of Eteplirsen-Treated Patients to Natural History. J Neuromuscul Dis 2018; 5:47-58. [PMID: 29278896 PMCID: PMC5836407 DOI: 10.3233/jnd-170272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Background: Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a rare, degenerative, X-linked genetic disease that results in progressive muscle loss and premature death, most commonly from respiratory or cardiac failure. DMD is primarily caused by whole exon deletions, resulting in a shift of the dystrophin mRNA reading frame that prevents production of functional dystrophin protein. Eteplirsen, a phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomer (PMO), is designed to skip exon 51, restore the reading frame, and induce production of internally shortened dystrophin in patients with mutations amenable to such treatment. Objective: Describe lung function assessed throughout eteplirsen studies 201/202. Methods: Studies 201/202 included 12 patients treated with eteplirsen over 5 years. Pulmonary function tests included forced vital capacity (FVC), maximum expiratory pressure (MEP), and maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP). With no long-term placebo control, FVC results were compared with data from the United Dystrophinopathy Project (UDP). MIP and MEP were compared to published natural history. Results: Age-adjusted mixed-model repeated-measures analysis showed decreases of 2.3% and 2.6% annually for FVC% p and MEP% p, and an annual increase of 0.6% for MIP% p for the eteplirsen-treated cohort. Data from the UDP demonstrated a 4.1% decline in FVC% p. The published natural history reports annual declines of at least 2.7% and 3.8% for MEP% p and MIP% p, respectively, in patients with DMD. Conclusions: With eteplirsen treatment, deterioration of respiratory muscle function based on FVC% p was half of that seen in the UDP; MEP% p and MIP% p compared favorably with natural history.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Bernard Kinane
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Oscar H Mayer
- Division of Pulmonology Pediatric Pulmonary, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Linda P Lowes
- Department of Neurology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA.,Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Cooperative Research Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | | | - Jerry R Mendell
- Department of Neurology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA.,Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Cooperative Research Center, Rochester, NY, USA.,Department of Pediatrics and Neurology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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Kempfle JS, Diercks GR, Kinane TB, Skotko B, Keamy D, Hartnick CJ. 0769 Polysomnographic Analysis Of Post-stimulation Titration In Children With Down Syndrome And Hypoglossal Nerve Implant. Sleep 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsy061.768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J S Kempfle
- Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - G R Diercks
- Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - T B Kinane
- Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - B Skotko
- Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - D Keamy
- Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - C J Hartnick
- Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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29
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Affiliation(s)
- T Bernard Kinane
- From the Departments of Pediatrics (T.B.K., A.E.L.), Cardiology (M.L.-R.), Radiology (S.J.W.), and Pathology (E.J.M.), Massachusetts General Hospital, and the Departments of Pediatrics (T.B.K., A.E.L.), Cardiology (M.L.-R.), Radiology (S.J.W.), and Pathology (E.J.M.), Harvard Medical School - both in Boston
| | - Angela E Lin
- From the Departments of Pediatrics (T.B.K., A.E.L.), Cardiology (M.L.-R.), Radiology (S.J.W.), and Pathology (E.J.M.), Massachusetts General Hospital, and the Departments of Pediatrics (T.B.K., A.E.L.), Cardiology (M.L.-R.), Radiology (S.J.W.), and Pathology (E.J.M.), Harvard Medical School - both in Boston
| | - Manuella Lahoud-Rahme
- From the Departments of Pediatrics (T.B.K., A.E.L.), Cardiology (M.L.-R.), Radiology (S.J.W.), and Pathology (E.J.M.), Massachusetts General Hospital, and the Departments of Pediatrics (T.B.K., A.E.L.), Cardiology (M.L.-R.), Radiology (S.J.W.), and Pathology (E.J.M.), Harvard Medical School - both in Boston
| | - Sjirk J Westra
- From the Departments of Pediatrics (T.B.K., A.E.L.), Cardiology (M.L.-R.), Radiology (S.J.W.), and Pathology (E.J.M.), Massachusetts General Hospital, and the Departments of Pediatrics (T.B.K., A.E.L.), Cardiology (M.L.-R.), Radiology (S.J.W.), and Pathology (E.J.M.), Harvard Medical School - both in Boston
| | - Eugene J Mark
- From the Departments of Pediatrics (T.B.K., A.E.L.), Cardiology (M.L.-R.), Radiology (S.J.W.), and Pathology (E.J.M.), Massachusetts General Hospital, and the Departments of Pediatrics (T.B.K., A.E.L.), Cardiology (M.L.-R.), Radiology (S.J.W.), and Pathology (E.J.M.), Harvard Medical School - both in Boston
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Yonker LM, Zan S, Scirica CV, Jethwani K, Kinane TB. "Friending" teens: systematic review of social media in adolescent and young adult health care. J Med Internet Res 2015; 17:e4. [PMID: 25560751 PMCID: PMC4376201 DOI: 10.2196/jmir.3692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Revised: 10/09/2014] [Accepted: 11/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Social media has emerged as a potentially powerful medium for communication with adolescents and young adults around their health choices. Objective The goal of this systematic review is to identify research on the use of social media for interacting with adolescents and young adults in order to achieve positive health outcomes. Methods A MEDLINE/PubMed electronic database search was performed between January 1, 2002 and October 1, 2013, using terms to identify peer-reviewed research in which social media and other Web 2.0 technologies were an important feature. We used a systematic approach to retrieve papers and extract relevant data. Results We identified 288 studies involving social media, of which 87 met criteria for inclusion; 75 studies were purely observational and 12 were interventional. The ways in which social media was leveraged by these studies included (1) observing adolescent and young adult behavior (n=77), (2) providing health information (n=13), (3) engaging the adolescent and young adult community (n=17), and (4) recruiting research participants (n=23). Common health topics addressed included high-risk sexual behaviors (n=23), alcohol, tobacco, and other drug use (n=19), Internet safety (n=8), mental health issues (n=18), medical conditions (n=11), or other specified issues (n=12). Several studies used more than one social media platform and addressed more than one health-related topic. Conclusions Social media technologies offer an exciting new means for engaging and communicating with adolescents and young adults; it has been successfully used to engage this age group, identify behaviors, and provide appropriate intervention and education. Nevertheless, the majority of studies to date have been preliminary and limited in their methodologies, and mostly center around evaluating how adolescents and young adults use social media and the resulting implications on their health. Although these explorations are essential, further exploration and development of these strategies into building effective interventions is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lael M Yonker
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Boston, MA, United States
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31
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna L Cook
- Massachusetts General Hospital for Children and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - T Bernard Kinane
- Massachusetts General Hospital for Children and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Benjamin A Nelson
- Massachusetts General Hospital for Children and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Farough S, Karaa A, Walker MA, Slate N, Dasu T, Verbsky J, Fusunyan R, Canapari C, Kinane TB, Van Cleave J, Sweetser DA, Sims KB, Walter JE. Coenzyme Q10 and immunity: A case report and new implications for treatment of recurrent infections in metabolic diseases. Clin Immunol 2014; 155:209-12. [PMID: 25264263 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2014.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2014] [Revised: 09/14/2014] [Accepted: 09/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) deficiency can manifest diversely, from isolated myopathy to multisystem involvement. Immune dysregulation has not been reported as a feature of the disease. We report a four-year old girl with failure to thrive, recurrent infections, developmental delay with hypotonia, and CoQ10 deficiency with impaired immune function, which improved after CoQ10 and immunoglobulin replacement therapy. Immune dysfunction in CoQ10 deficiency should be considered and treated appropriately.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Farough
- Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - A Karaa
- Department of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - M A Walker
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - N Slate
- Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - T Dasu
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - J Verbsky
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - R Fusunyan
- Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - C Canapari
- Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - T B Kinane
- Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - J Van Cleave
- Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - D A Sweetser
- Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - K B Sims
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - J E Walter
- Pediatric Immunodeficiency Program, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Boston, USA.
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Nelson B, Zhou X, White M, Hartshorn K, Takahashi K, Kinane TB, Anandaiah A, Koziel H. Recombinant human mannose-binding lectin dampens human alveolar macrophage inflammatory responses to influenza A virus in vitro. J Leukoc Biol 2014; 95:715-722. [PMID: 24399838 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.0313161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2013] [Revised: 11/21/2013] [Accepted: 11/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
IAV pneumonia remains a serious global health problem, and preventative and therapeutic strategies remain limited. AM are critical effector cells in the control of influenza, impairing IAV replication, promoting IAV clearance, and promoting efferocytosis and resolution of lung inflammation. MBL, an innate immune pattern recognition molecule, present in the lungs, binds IAV, and plasma MBL deficiency is associated with increased susceptibility to IAV, although the mechanism remains incompletely understood, and the influence of MBL on the IAV-AM interaction has not been established. In the current study, focusing on human macrophages (U937 cell line and clinically relevant human AM), data demonstrated that unopsonized IAV is readily internalized, induced release of TNF and ROS, and promoted macrophage apoptosis. In contrast, IAV, opsonized with rhMBL, reduced IAV uptake and macrophage apoptosis and dramatically reduced TNF release and ROS. Macrophage host-defense responses were reduced further in the presence of MASPs. Taken together, these data support the concept that rhMBL may serve a protective innate host response and a critical biological response modifier function by limiting AM inflammation, oxidative injury, and AM apoptosis, which may allow effective IAV clearance while limiting collateral damage to vital organs, such as the lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Nelson
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Xiuqin Zhou
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mitchell White
- Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Boston University School of Medicine and the Department of Medicine, Boston City Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; and
| | - Kevan Hartshorn
- Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Boston University School of Medicine and the Department of Medicine, Boston City Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; and
| | - Kazue Takahashi
- Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - T Bernard Kinane
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Asha Anandaiah
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Henry Koziel
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA;
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van Gils JM, Ramkhelawon B, Fernandes L, Stewart MC, Guo L, Seibert T, Menezes GB, Cara DC, Chow C, Kinane TB, Fisher EA, Balcells M, Alvarez-Leite J, Lacy-Hulbert A, Moore KJ. Endothelial expression of guidance cues in vessel wall homeostasis dysregulation under proatherosclerotic conditions. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2013; 33:911-9. [PMID: 23430612 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.112.301155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Emerging evidence suggests that neuronal guidance cues, typically expressed during development, are involved in both physiological and pathological immune responses. We hypothesized that endothelial expression of such guidance cues may regulate leukocyte trafficking into the vascular wall during atherogenesis. APPROACH AND RESULTS We demonstrate that members of the netrin, semaphorin, and ephrin family of guidance molecules are differentially regulated under conditions that promote or protect from atherosclerosis. Netrin-1 and semaphorin3A are expressed by coronary artery endothelial cells and potently inhibit chemokine-directed migration of human monocytes. Endothelial expression of these negative guidance cues is downregulated by proatherogenic factors, including oscillatory shear stress and proinflammatory cytokines associated with monocyte entry into the vessel wall. Furthermore, we show using intravital microscopy that inhibition of netrin-1 or semaphorin3A using blocking peptides increases leukocyte adhesion to the endothelium. Unlike netrin-1 and semaphorin3A, the guidance cue ephrinB2 is upregulated under proatherosclerotic flow conditions and functions as a chemoattractant, increasing leukocyte migration in the absence of additional chemokines. CONCLUSIONS The concurrent regulation of negative and positive guidance cues may facilitate leukocyte infiltration of the endothelium through a balance between chemoattraction and chemorepulsion. These data indicate a previously unappreciated role for axonal guidance cues in maintaining the endothelial barrier and regulating leukocyte trafficking during atherogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janine M van Gils
- Marc and Ruti Bell Vascular Biology and Disease Program, Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, NewYork University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
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Kinane TB, Shailam R, Mark EJ. Case records of the Massachusetts General Hospital. Case 37-2011. A 9-month-old boy with recurrent tachypnea and respiratory distress. N Engl J Med 2011; 365:2221-8. [PMID: 22150041 DOI: 10.1056/nejmcpc1103560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T Bernard Kinane
- Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
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Tse SM, Kinane TB, Mark EJ, Haver KE. An 11-year-old boy with respiratory failure and massive pleural fluid drainage. Chest 2011; 140:1659-1661. [PMID: 22147826 DOI: 10.1378/chest.11-1097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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38
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Canapari CA, Hoppin AG, Kinane TB, Thomas BJ, Torriani M, Katz ES. Relationship between sleep apnea, fat distribution, and insulin resistance in obese children. J Clin Sleep Med 2011; 7:268-73. [PMID: 21677896 PMCID: PMC3113965 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.1068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with obesity, inflammation, and insulin resistance. The role of fat distribution in OSA pathogenesis has not been established in children. The objective of the study is to examine the relationship between fat distribution, OSA, and insulin resistance in an unselected population of obese children. METHODS All obese (BMI > 95th percentile) children (ages 5-18 y) seen at a pediatric obesity clinic were invited to participate. Subjects underwent polysomnography, and were tested for dyslipidemia, inflammation, and insulin resistance measured by the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA). In a subset of subjects, magnetic resonance (MRI) imaging was used to determine the abdominal visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue areas and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) spectroscopy was used to intramyocellular lipids in leg muscles. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS 31 obese subjects enrolled and completed polysomnography and serum testing, and 19 subjects underwent MRI/MRS. The mean age was 12.6 ± 3.0 y and the mean body mass index (BMI) was 39.5 ± 11.2 kg/m(2). Forty-eight percent had OSA (mean apnea hypopnea index [AHI] 6.26 ± 6.77 events/h) Subjects with OSA had significantly increased BMI, log HOMA, triglycerides, and leptin compared to those without OSA. In regression analysis, only BMI z-score was associated with log HOMA. In the subset of patients with imaging data, visceral fat area was strongly predictive of AHI (p = 0.003, r(2) = 0.556). BMI z-score, gender, and age were not predictive. CONCLUSIONS Visceral fat distribution is independently predictive of OSA severity in obese children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig A Canapari
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
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Maturo S, Tse SM, Kinane TB, Hartnick CJ. Initial experience using propranolol as an adjunctive treatment in children with aggressive recurrent respiratory papillomatosis. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2011; 120:17-20. [PMID: 21370676 DOI: 10.1177/000348941112000103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We performed a retrospective chart review with a 6-month follow-up to examine the initial use of propranolol as an adjunctive treatment in children with severe recurrent respiratory papillomatosis. This is the first such report. Two of 3 children with severe recurrent respiratory papillomatosis demonstrated a response to oral propranolol therapy, as evidenced by an improved voice and by an increased time between surgical interventions. One child demonstrated no response to propranolol, and medication was halted. Both children who demonstrated a response had undergone more than 10 surgical interventions in the previous year, along with prior treatment including surgical excision and adjuvant therapy. Both children more than doubled the interval between treatments after propranolol administration, and the parents of both children noted marked improvement of the child's voice as measured by their Pediatric Voice-Related Quality of Life score (from 40 to 67.5 in one child and from 27 to 60 in the other child). No child experienced hypoglycemia or blood pressure abnormalities. We conclude that initial use of propranolol as an adjunctive measure in severe recurrent respiratory papillomatosis shows it to have some efficacy in delaying surgical intervention and improving voice. Previous reports have demonstrated relatively safe use of propranolol in children with hemangiomas. Further studies are needed to determine the long-term effectiveness, dosing strategies, and side-effect profile of propranolol for treatment of recurrent respiratory papillomatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Maturo
- Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts 02114-3914, USA
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Kling DE, Cavicchio AJ, Sollinger CA, Schnitzer JJ, Kinane TB, Newburg DS. Nitrofen induces apoptosis independently of retinaldehyde dehydrogenase (RALDH) inhibition. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 89:223-32. [PMID: 20549697 DOI: 10.1002/bdrb.20247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nitrofen is a diphenyl ether that induces congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) in rodents. Its mechanism of action has been hypothesized as inhibition of the retinaldehyde dehydrogenase (RALDH) enzymes with consequent reduced retinoic acid signaling. METHODS To determine if nitrofen inhibits RALDH enzymes, a reporter gene construct containing a retinoic acid response-element (RARE) was transfected into HEK-293 cells and treated with varying concentrations of nitrofen in the presence of retinaldehyde (retinal). Cell death was characterized by caspace-cleavage microplate assays and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL) assays. Ex vivo analyses of cell viability were characterized in fetal rat lung explants using Live/Dead staining. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were assessed using fluorescent immunohistochemistry with phosphorylated histone and activated caspase antibodies on explant tissues. Nile red staining was used to identify intracellular lipid droplets. RESULTS Nitrofen-induced dose-dependent declines in RARE-reporter gene expression. However, similar reductions were observed in control-reporter constructs suggesting that nitrofen compromised cell viability. These observed declines in cell viability resulted from increased cell death and were confirmed using two independent assays. Ex vivo analyses showed that mesenchymal cells were particularly susceptible to nitrofen-induced apoptosis while epithelial cell proliferation was dramatically reduced in fetal rat lung explants. Nitrofen treatment of these explants also showed profound lipid redistribution, primarily to phagocytes. CONCLUSIONS The observed declines in nitrofen-associated retinoic acid signaling appear to be independent of RALDH inhibition and likely result from nitrofen induced cell death/apoptosis. These results support a cellular apoptotic mechanism of CDH development, independent of RALDH inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- David E Kling
- Department of Biology, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, USA.
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Michelow IC, Dong M, Mungall BA, Yantosca LM, Lear C, Ji X, Karpel M, Rootes CL, Brudner M, Houen G, Eisen DP, Kinane TB, Takahashi K, Stahl GL, Olinger GG, Spear GT, Ezekowitz RAB, Schmidt EV. A novel L-ficolin/mannose-binding lectin chimeric molecule with enhanced activity against Ebola virus. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:24729-39. [PMID: 20516066 PMCID: PMC2915709 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.106260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2010] [Revised: 05/28/2010] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ebola viruses constitute a newly emerging public threat because they cause rapidly fatal hemorrhagic fevers for which no treatment exists, and they can be manipulated as bioweapons. We targeted conserved N-glycosylated carbohydrate ligands on viral envelope surfaces using novel immune therapies. Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) and L-ficolin (L-FCN) were selected because they function as opsonins and activate complement. Given that MBL has a complex quaternary structure unsuitable for large scale cost-effective production, we sought to develop a less complex chimeric fusion protein with similar ligand recognition and enhanced effector functions. We tested recombinant human MBL and three L-FCN/MBL variants that contained the MBL carbohydrate recognition domain and varying lengths of the L-FCN collagenous domain. Non-reduced chimeric proteins formed predominantly nona- and dodecameric oligomers, whereas recombinant human MBL formed octadecameric and larger oligomers. Surface plasmon resonance revealed that L-FCN/MBL76 had the highest binding affinities for N-acetylglucosamine-bovine serum albumin and mannan. The same chimeric protein displayed superior complement C4 cleavage and binding to calreticulin (cC1qR), a putative receptor for MBL. L-FCN/MBL76 reduced infection by wild type Ebola virus Zaire significantly greater than the other molecules. Tapping mode atomic force microscopy revealed that L-FCN/MBL76 was significantly less tall than the other molecules despite similar polypeptide lengths. We propose that alterations in the quaternary structure of L-FCN/MBL76 resulted in greater flexibility in the collagenous or neck region. Similarly, a more pliable molecule might enhance cooperativity between the carbohydrate recognition domains and their cognate ligands, complement activation, and calreticulin binding dynamics. L-FCN/MBL chimeric proteins should be considered as potential novel therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian C. Michelow
- From the Program of Developmental Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114
| | - Mingdong Dong
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), University of Aarhus, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Bruce A. Mungall
- Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) Livestock Industries, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia
| | - L. Michael Yantosca
- From the Program of Developmental Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114
| | - Calli Lear
- Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland 21702
| | - Xin Ji
- Department of Immunology/Microbiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60612
| | - Marshall Karpel
- From the Program of Developmental Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114
| | - Christina L. Rootes
- Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) Livestock Industries, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia
| | - Matthew Brudner
- From the Program of Developmental Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114
| | - Gunnar Houen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology, Statens Serum Institut, DK-2300 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Damon P. Eisen
- Victorian Infectious Diseases Service, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville 3050, Australia, and
| | - T. Bernard Kinane
- From the Program of Developmental Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114
| | - Kazue Takahashi
- From the Program of Developmental Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114
| | - Gregory L. Stahl
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
| | - Gene G. Olinger
- Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland 21702
| | - Gregory T. Spear
- Department of Immunology/Microbiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60612
| | - R. Alan B. Ezekowitz
- From the Program of Developmental Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114
| | - Emmett V. Schmidt
- From the Program of Developmental Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114
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Kornhauser Cerar L, Scirica CV, Stucin Gantar I, Osredkar D, Neubauer D, Kinane TB. A comparison of respiratory patterns in healthy term infants placed in car safety seats and beds. Pediatrics 2009; 124:e396-402. [PMID: 19706572 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2009-0160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this work was to compare the incidence of apnea, hypopnea, bradycardia, or oxygen desaturation in healthy term newborns placed in hospital cribs, infant car safety beds, or infant car safety seats. METHODS A consecutive series of 200 newborns was recruited on the second day of life. Each subject was studied while placed in the hospital crib (30 minutes), car bed (60 minutes), and car seat (60 minutes). Physiologic data, including oxygen saturation, frequency, and type of apnea, hypopnea, and bradycardia were obtained and analyzed in a blinded manner. RESULTS The mean oxygen saturation level was significantly different among all of the positions (97.9% for the hospital crib, 96.3% for the car bed, and 95.7% for the car seat; P < .001). The mean minimal oxygen saturation level was lower while in both safety devices (83.7% for the car bed and 83.6% for the car seat) compared with in the hospital crib (87.4%) (P < .001). The mean total time spent with an oxygen saturation level of <95% was significantly higher (P = .003) in both safety devices (car seat: 23.9%; car bed: 17.2%) when compared with the hospital crib (6.5%). A second study of 50 subjects in which each infant was placed in each position for 120 minutes yielded similar results. CONCLUSIONS In healthy term newborns, significant desaturations were observed in both car beds and car seats as compared with hospital cribs. This study was limited by lack of documentation of sleep stage. Therefore, these safety devices should only be used for protection during travel and not as replacements for cribs.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Active commuting to school provides regular exercise, which can improve asthma symptoms. Little is known about how children with asthma travel to school. OBJECTIVE To identify travel patterns and parental perceptions surrounding mode of travel to school among children with asthma. METHODS Cross-sectional study of 176 children with asthma aged 5 to 15 years. Parents completed questionnaires assessing mode of travel to school, physical activity, asthma control, physician counseling, and factors influencing parental decisions. Data analysis included descriptive and bivariate statistics. RESULTS Few (16%) children with asthma actively commute to school. Active travelers lived closer to school, and "distance" was the most frequently reported factor influencing a parent's decision regarding travel mode to school. Parents reported few concerns about pollution and little physician counseling on active travel. CONCLUSION Few children with asthma actively travel to school. Asthma-specific concerns do not appear to guide parental decisions on travel mode to school.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas M Oreskovic
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Child and Adolescent Health Policy, Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Boston, Massachusets, USA.
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Kang I, Lindquist DG, Kinane TB, Ercolani L, Pritchard GA, Miller LG. Rapid Communication Isolation and Characterization of the Promoter of the Human GABAA Receptor α1 Subunit Gene. J Neurochem 2008. [DOI: 10.1046/j.1471-4159.1994.62041643.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Kinane TB, Grabowski EF, Sharma A, Nimkin K, King ME, Cornell LD. Case records of the Massachusetts General Hospital. Case 7-2008. A 17-year-old girl with chest pain and hemoptysis. N Engl J Med 2008; 358:941-52. [PMID: 18305270 DOI: 10.1056/nejmcpc0708507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Aidlen JT, Nazarey PP, Kinane TB, Donahoe PK, Schnitzer JJ, Kling DE. Retinoic acid-mediated differentiation protects against nitrofen-induced apoptosis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 80:406-16. [PMID: 17896343 DOI: 10.1002/bdrb.20131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nitrofen is a diphenyl ether that induces a spectrum of birth defects subsequent to administration to pregnant rodents, in which the molecular etiology of these defects are poorly characterized. Because previous reports showed that nitrofen induced apoptosis in undifferentiated P19 teratocarcinoma cells, we hypothesized that undifferentiated fetal cells have greater susceptibility to nitrofen-induced apoptosis than their differentiated derivatives. METHODS To investigate this hypothesis, cell lines including P19 and F9 were differentiated with retinoic acid into neuronal and endodermal derivatives respectively. Apoptosis was characterized by caspase-3 cleavage and Terminal transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assays. RESULTS Both differentiated cell-types had reduced nitrofen-induced caspase-3 cleavage and DNA fragmentation compared with the naive controls, strongly suggesting that differentiation of these cells protects against nitrofen-induced apoptosis. In addition, resistance to apoptotic induction was proportional to the expression levels of the differentiation marker, p27 (kip1) while direct proportionality was not observed for the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2. CONCLUSIONS These studies show that nitrofen may induce its associated birth defects via a mechanism involving apoptosis of undifferentiated fetal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy T Aidlen
- Pediatric Surgical Research Laboratories, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
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Abstract
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is associated with various degrees of pulmonary hypoplasia and severe persistent pulmonary hypertension in the newborn. These conditions have significant implications for the outcome for the patient. Defects in early lung development are likely to be central to the generation of hypoplasia. A number of mouse models with defects in pathways that are central to lung development were found to have CDH. Understanding all aspects of early lung development will provide fresh insight into the pathogenesis of CDH and its associated conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Bernard Kinane
- Pediatric Pulmonary, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
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48
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Boyer D, Westra SJ, Kinane TB, Stone JR. Case records of the Massachusetts General Hospital. Case 3-2007. A 3-year-old boy with recurrent episodes of respiratory insufficiency. N Engl J Med 2007; 356:398-407. [PMID: 17251537 DOI: 10.1056/nejmcpc069033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Debra Boyer
- Division of Respiratory Diseases, Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
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49
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to compare the respiratory physiologic features of healthy term infants placed in either a car bed or a car safety seat. METHODS Within the first 1 week of life, 67 healthy term infants were recruited and assigned randomly to be monitored in either a car bed (33 infants) or a car safety seat (34 infants). Physiologic data, including oxygen saturation and frequency and type of apnea, were obtained and analyzed in a blinded manner. RESULTS The groups spent similar amounts of time in the devices (car bed: 71.6 minutes; car seat: 74.2 minutes). The mean oxygen saturation values were not different between the groups (car bed: 97.1%; car seat: 97.3%). The percentages of time with oxygen saturation of < 95% were also similar for the 2 groups (car bed: 11.8[corrected]%; car seat: 18.3[corrected]%). In both groups, a number of infants spent high percentages of study time with oxygen saturation of < 95%. The 6 infants with the most time at this level were all in the car safety seat group (54%-63% of study time). Values for the 6 infants in the car bed group with the most time at this level were lower (20%-42%). This difference in the duration of oxygen saturation of < 95% was not statistically significant. The mean end-tidal carbon dioxide levels and the numbers of episodes of apnea were similar for the 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS The respiratory physiologic features of infants in the 2 car safety devices were observed to be similar. Of note, substantial periods of time with oxygen saturation of < 95% were surprisingly common in both groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Bernard Kinane
- Pediatric Pulmonary Unit, MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit St, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA.
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Ly NP, Komatsuzaki K, Fraser IP, Tseng AA, Prodhan P, Moore KJ, Kinane TB. Netrin-1 inhibits leukocyte migration in vitro and in vivo. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2005; 102:14729-34. [PMID: 16203981 PMCID: PMC1253572 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0506233102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 225] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell migration plays important roles in embryonic development and inflammation, and this process is highly regulated to ensure tissue homeostasis. A number of barriers exist to prevent the inappropriate migration of leukocytes into healthy peripheral tissues, including retention of these cells in the inactive state and maintenance of the integrity and charge of the vascular endothelium. However, active signals also are likely to exist that can repulse cells or abolish existing cell migration. One such paradigm exists in the developing nervous system, where neuronal migration is mediated by a balance between chemoattractive and chemorepulsive signals. The ability of the guidance molecule netrin-1 to repulse or abolish attraction of neuronal cells expressing the UNC5b receptor makes it an attractive candidate for the regulation of inflammatory cell migration. Here, we show that netrin-1 is expressed on vascular endothelium, where it is regulated by infection and inflammatory cytokines. The netrin-1 receptor UNC5b is strongly expressed by leukocytes, upon which netrin-1 acts as a potent inhibitor of migration to different chemotactic stimuli both in vivo and in vitro. These data suggest that endothelial expression of netrin-1 may inhibit basal cell migration into tissues and that its down-regulation with the onset of sepsis/inflammation may facilitate leukocyte recruitment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngoc P Ly
- Laboratory of Developmental Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, GRJ 1414, Boston, MA 02114, USA
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