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Zhang X, Zheng W, Sun S, Du Y, Xu W, Sun Z, Liu F, Wang M, Zhao Z, Liu J, Liu Q. Cadmium contributes to cardiac metabolic disruption by activating endothelial HIF1A-GLUT1 axis. Cell Signal 2024; 119:111170. [PMID: 38604344 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is an environmental risk factor of cardiovascular diseases. Researchers have found that Cd exposure causes energy metabolic disorders in the heart decades ago. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are still elusive. In this study, male C57BL/6 J mice were exposed to cadmium chloride (CdCl2) through drinking water for 4 weeks. We found that exposure to CdCl2 increased glucose uptake and utilization, and disrupted normal metabolisms in the heart. In vitro studies showed that CdCl2 specifically increased endothelial glucose uptake without affecting cardiomyocytic glucose uptake and endothelial fatty acid uptake. The glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) as well as its transcription factor HIF1A was significantly increased after CdCl2 treatment in endothelial cells. Further investigations found that CdCl2 treatment upregulated HIF1A expression by inhibiting its degradation through ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, thereby promoted its transcriptional activation of SLC2A1. Administration of HIF1A small molecule inhibitor echinomycin and A-485 reversed CdCl2-mediated increase of glucose uptake in endothelial cells. In accordance with this, intravenous injection of echinomycin effectively ameliorated CdCl2-mediated metabolic disruptions in the heart. Our study uncovered the molecular mechanisms of Cd in contributing cardiac metabolic disruption by inhibiting HIF1A degradation and increasing GLUT1 transcriptional expression. Inhibition of HIF1A could be a potential strategy to ameliorate Cd-mediated cardiac metabolic disorders and Cd-related cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Zhang
- Department of Medical Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China; Shandong Provincial Key Medical and Health Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Microvascular Aging, Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Microvascular Regulation, Institute of Microvascular Medicine, Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
| | - Wendan Zheng
- Department of Medical Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China; Shandong Provincial Key Medical and Health Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Microvascular Aging, Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Microvascular Regulation, Institute of Microvascular Medicine, Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
| | - Shiyu Sun
- Department of Medical Physiology, School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China; Shandong Provincial Key Medical and Health Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Microvascular Aging, Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Microvascular Regulation, Institute of Microvascular Medicine, Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
| | - Yang Du
- Department of Personnel, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
| | - Wenjuan Xu
- Department of Health Management, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Health Management, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
| | - Zongguo Sun
- Shandong Provincial Key Medical and Health Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Microvascular Aging, Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Microvascular Regulation, Institute of Microvascular Medicine, Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
| | - Fuhong Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Medical and Health Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Microvascular Aging, Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Microvascular Regulation, Institute of Microvascular Medicine, Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
| | - Manzhi Wang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
| | - Zuohui Zhao
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
| | - Ju Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Medical and Health Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Microvascular Aging, Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Microvascular Regulation, Institute of Microvascular Medicine, Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Medical and Health Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Microvascular Aging, Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Microvascular Regulation, Institute of Microvascular Medicine, Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Ji'nan, Shandong, China; Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Medicine and Health Key Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmia, Ji'nan, Shandong, China.
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2
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Khalilimeybodi A, Saucerman JJ, Rangamani P. Modeling cardiomyocyte signaling and metabolism predicts genotype-to-phenotype mechanisms in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Comput Biol Med 2024; 175:108499. [PMID: 38677172 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.108499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a significant precursor of heart failure and sudden cardiac death, primarily caused by mutations in sarcomeric and structural proteins. Despite the extensive research on the HCM genotype, the complex and context-specific nature of many signaling and metabolic pathways linking the HCM genotype to phenotype has hindered therapeutic advancements for patients. Here, we have developed a computational model of HCM encompassing cardiomyocyte signaling and metabolic networks and their associated interactions. Utilizing a stochastic logic-based ODE approach, we linked cardiomyocyte signaling to the metabolic network through a gene regulatory network and post-translational modifications. We validated the model against published data on activities of signaling species in the HCM context and transcriptomes of two HCM mouse models (i.e., R403Q-αMyHC and R92W-TnT). Our model predicts that HCM mutation induces changes in metabolic functions such as ATP synthase deficiency and a transition from fatty acids to carbohydrate metabolism. The model indicated major shifts in glutamine-related metabolism and increased apoptosis after HCM-induced ATP synthase deficiency. We predicted that the transcription factors STAT, SRF, GATA4, TP53, and FoxO are the key regulators of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and apoptosis in HCM in alignment with experiments. Moreover, we identified shared (e.g., activation of PGC1α by AMPK, and FHL1 by titin) and context-specific mechanisms (e.g., regulation of Ca2+ sensitivity by titin in HCM patients) that may control genotype-to-phenotype transition in HCM across different species or mutations. We also predicted potential combination drug targets for HCM (e.g., mavacamten plus ROS inhibitors) preventing or reversing HCM phenotype (i.e., hypertrophic growth, apoptosis, and metabolic remodeling) in cardiomyocytes. This study provides new insights into mechanisms linking genotype to phenotype in familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and offers a framework for assessing new treatments and exploring variations in HCM experimental models.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Khalilimeybodi
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Jacobs School of Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla CA 92093, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey J Saucerman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America; Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America
| | - P Rangamani
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Jacobs School of Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla CA 92093, United States of America.
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3
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Beslika E, Leite-Moreira A, De Windt LJ, da Costa Martins PA. Large animal models of pressure overload-induced cardiac left ventricular hypertrophy to study remodelling of the human heart with aortic stenosis. Cardiovasc Res 2024; 120:461-475. [PMID: 38428029 PMCID: PMC11060489 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvae045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Pathologic cardiac hypertrophy is a common consequence of many cardiovascular diseases, including aortic stenosis (AS). AS is known to increase the pressure load of the left ventricle, causing a compensative response of the cardiac muscle, which progressively will lead to dilation and heart failure. At a cellular level, this corresponds to a considerable increase in the size of cardiomyocytes, known as cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, while their proliferation capacity is attenuated upon the first developmental stages. Cardiomyocytes, in order to cope with the increased workload (overload), suffer alterations in their morphology, nuclear content, energy metabolism, intracellular homeostatic mechanisms, contractile activity, and cell death mechanisms. Moreover, modifications in the cardiomyocyte niche, involving inflammation, immune infiltration, fibrosis, and angiogenesis, contribute to the subsequent events of a pathologic hypertrophic response. Considering the emerging need for a better understanding of the condition and treatment improvement, as the only available treatment option of AS consists of surgical interventions at a late stage of the disease, when the cardiac muscle state is irreversible, large animal models have been developed to mimic the human condition, to the greatest extend. Smaller animal models lack physiological, cellular and molecular mechanisms that sufficiently resemblance humans and in vitro techniques yet fail to provide adequate complexity. Animals, such as the ferret (Mustello purtorius furo), lapine (rabbit, Oryctolagus cunigulus), feline (cat, Felis catus), canine (dog, Canis lupus familiaris), ovine (sheep, Ovis aries), and porcine (pig, Sus scrofa), have contributed to research by elucidating implicated cellular and molecular mechanisms of the condition. Essential discoveries of each model are reported and discussed briefly in this review. Results of large animal experimentation could further be interpreted aiming at prevention of the disease progress or, alternatively, at regression of the implicated pathologic mechanisms to a physiologic state. This review summarizes the important aspects of the pathophysiology of LV hypertrophy and the applied surgical large animal models that currently better mimic the condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelia Beslika
- Cardiovascular R&D Centre—UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Adelino Leite-Moreira
- Cardiovascular R&D Centre—UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Leon J De Windt
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6200 MD Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Paula A da Costa Martins
- Cardiovascular R&D Centre—UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6200 MD Maastricht, Netherlands
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Madonna R, Biondi F, Alberti M, Ghelardoni S, Mattii L, D'Alleva A. Cardiovascular outcomes and molecular targets for the cardiac effects of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors: A systematic review. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 175:116650. [PMID: 38678962 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i), a new class of glucose-lowering drugs traditionally used to control blood glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, have been proven to reduce major adverse cardiovascular events, including cardiovascular death, in patients with heart failure irrespective of ejection fraction and independently of the hypoglycemic effect. Because of their favorable effects on the kidney and cardiovascular outcomes, their use has been expanded in all patients with any combination of diabetes mellitus type 2, chronic kidney disease and heart failure. Although mechanisms explaining the effects of these drugs on the cardiovascular system are not well understood, their effectiveness in all these conditions suggests that they act at the intersection of the metabolic, renal and cardiac axes, thus disrupting maladaptive vicious cycles while contrasting direct organ damage. In this systematic review we provide a state of the art of the randomized controlled trials investigating the effect of SGLT2i on cardiovascular outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease and/or heart failure irrespective of ejection fraction and diabetes. We also discuss the molecular targets and signaling pathways potentially explaining the cardiac effects of these pharmacological agents, from a clinical and experimental perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalinda Madonna
- Department of Pathology, Cardiology Division, University of Pisa, Via Paradisa, Pisa 56124, Italy.
| | - Filippo Biondi
- Department of Pathology, Cardiology Division, University of Pisa, Via Paradisa, Pisa 56124, Italy
| | - Mattia Alberti
- Department of Pathology, Cardiology Division, University of Pisa, Via Paradisa, Pisa 56124, Italy
| | - Sandra Ghelardoni
- Department of Pathology, Laboratory of Biochemistry, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Letizia Mattii
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Histology Division, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alberto D'Alleva
- Cardiac Intensive Care and Interventional Cardiology Unit, Santo Spirito Hospital, Pescara, Italy
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Mellor KM, Varma U, Koutsifeli P, Daniels LJ, Benson VL, Annandale M, Li X, Nursalim Y, Janssens JV, Weeks KL, Powell KL, O'Brien TJ, Katare R, Ritchie RH, Bell JR, Gottlieb RA, Delbridge LMD. Myocardial glycophagy flux dysregulation and glycogen accumulation characterize diabetic cardiomyopathy. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2024; 189:83-89. [PMID: 38484473 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2024.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Diabetic heart disease morbidity and mortality is escalating. No specific therapeutics exist and mechanistic understanding of diabetic cardiomyopathy etiology is lacking. While lipid accumulation is a recognized cardiomyocyte phenotype of diabetes, less is known about glycolytic fuel handling and storage. Based on in vitro studies, we postulated the operation of an autophagy pathway in the myocardium specific for glycogen homeostasis - glycophagy. Here we visualize occurrence of cardiac glycophagy and show that the diabetic myocardium is characterized by marked glycogen elevation and altered cardiomyocyte glycogen localization. We establish that cardiac glycophagy flux is disturbed in diabetes. Glycophagy may represent a potential therapeutic target for alleviating the myocardial impacts of metabolic disruption in diabetic heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberley M Mellor
- Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Department of Anatomy and Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Upasna Varma
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Parisa Koutsifeli
- Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Lorna J Daniels
- Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Radcliffe Department of Medicine, OCDEM, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Victoria L Benson
- Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Marco Annandale
- Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Xun Li
- Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Yohanes Nursalim
- Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Johannes V Janssens
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Kate L Weeks
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kim L Powell
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne & Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Terence J O'Brien
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne & Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rajesh Katare
- Department of Physiology, Heart Otago, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Rebecca H Ritchie
- Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
| | - James R Bell
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology & Pharmacology, La Trobe University, Australia
| | - Roberta A Gottlieb
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Lea M D Delbridge
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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Forouzandehmehr M, Paci M, Hyttinen J, Koivumäki JT. In silico study of the mechanisms of hypoxia and contractile dysfunction during ischemia and reperfusion of hiPSC cardiomyocytes. Dis Model Mech 2024; 17:dmm050365. [PMID: 38516812 PMCID: PMC11073514 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.050365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Interconnected mechanisms of ischemia and reperfusion (IR) has increased the interest in IR in vitro experiments using human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs). We developed a whole-cell computational model of hiPSC-CMs including the electromechanics, a metabolite-sensitive sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) and an oxygen dynamics formulation to investigate IR mechanisms. Moreover, we simulated the effect and action mechanism of levosimendan, which recently showed promising anti-arrhythmic effects in hiPSC-CMs in hypoxia. The model was validated using hiPSC-CM and in vitro animal data. The role of SERCA in causing relaxation dysfunction in IR was anticipated to be comparable to its function in sepsis-induced heart failure. Drug simulations showed that levosimendan counteracts the relaxation dysfunction by utilizing a particular Ca2+-sensitizing mechanism involving Ca2+-bound troponin C and Ca2+ flux to the myofilament, rather than inhibiting SERCA phosphorylation. The model demonstrates extensive characterization and promise for drug development, making it suitable for evaluating IR therapy strategies based on the changing levels of cardiac metabolites, oxygen and molecular pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michelangelo Paci
- Department of Electrical, Electronic, and Information Engineering ‘Guglielmo Marconi’, University of Bologna, 47522 Cesena, Italy
| | - Jari Hyttinen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33520 Tampere, Finland
| | - Jussi T. Koivumäki
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33520 Tampere, Finland
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Bryson TD, Zurek M, Moore C, Taube D, Datta I, Levin A, Harding P. Prostaglandin E2 affects mitochondrial function in adult mouse cardiomyocytes and hearts. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2024; 201:102614. [PMID: 38471265 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2024.102614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) signals differently through 4 receptor subtypes (EP1-EP4) to elicit diverse physiologic/pathologic effects. We previously reported that PGE2 via its EP3 receptor reduces cardiac contractility and male mice with cardiomyocyte-specific deletion of the EP4 receptor (EP4 KO) develop dilated cardiomyopathy. The aim of this study was to identify pathways responsible for this phenotype. We performed ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) and found that genes differentiating WT mice and EP4 KO mice were significantly overrepresented in mitochondrial (adj. p value = 6.28 × 10-26) and oxidative phosphorylation (adj. p value = 1.58 × 10-27) pathways. Electron microscopy from the EP4 KO hearts show substantial mitochondrial disarray and disordered cristae. Not surprisingly, isolated adult mouse cardiomyocytes (AVM) from these mice have reduced ATP levels compared to their WT littermates and reduced expression of key genes involved in the electron transport chain (ETC) in older mice. Moreover, treatment of AVM from C57Bl/6 mice with PGE2 or the EP3 agonist sulprostone resulted in changes of various genes involved in the ETC, measured by the Mitochondrial Energy Metabolism RT2-profiler assay. Lastly, the EP4 KO mice have reduced expression of superoxide dismuatse-2 (SOD2), whereas treatment of AVM with PGE2 or sulprostone increase superoxide production, suggesting increased oxidative stress levels in these EP4 KO mice. Altogether the current study supports the premise that PGE2 acting via its EP4 receptor is protective, while signaling through its other receptors, likely EP3, is deleterious.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy D Bryson
- Hypertension & Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Matthew Zurek
- Hypertension & Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Carlin Moore
- Hypertension & Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - David Taube
- Hypertension & Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Indrani Datta
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Albert Levin
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Pamela Harding
- Hypertension & Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI, USA; Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.
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Wang H, Shen M, Shu X, Guo B, Jia T, Feng J, Lu Z, Chen Y, Lin J, Liu Y, Zhang J, Zhang X, Sun D. Cardiac Metabolism, Reprogramming, and Diseases. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2024; 17:71-84. [PMID: 37668897 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-023-10432-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) account for the largest bulk of deaths worldwide, posing a massive burden on societies and the global healthcare system. Besides, the incidence and prevalence of these diseases are on the rise, demanding imminent action to revert this trend. Cardiovascular pathogenesis harbors a variety of molecular and cellular mechanisms among which dysregulated metabolism is of significant importance and may even proceed other mechanisms. The healthy heart metabolism primarily relies on fatty acids for the ultimate production of energy through oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria. Other metabolites such as glucose, amino acids, and ketone bodies come next. Under pathological conditions, there is a shift in metabolic pathways and the preference of metabolites, termed metabolic remodeling or reprogramming. In this review, we aim to summarize cardiovascular metabolism and remodeling in different subsets of CVD to come up with a new paradigm for understanding and treatment of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haichang Wang
- Heart Hospital, Xi'an International Medical Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Min Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 West Changle Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaofei Shu
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 West Changle Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Baolin Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 West Changle Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tengfei Jia
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 West Changle Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiaxu Feng
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 West Changle Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zuocheng Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 West Changle Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yanyan Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 West Changle Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jie Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 West Changle Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 West Changle Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiye Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 West Changle Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Institute for Hospital Management Research, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Dongdong Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 West Changle Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China.
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9
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Pantaleão LC, Loche E, Fernandez-Twinn DS, Dearden L, Córdova-Casanova A, Osmond C, Salonen MK, Kajantie E, Niu Y, de Almeida-Faria J, Thackray BD, Mikkola TM, Giussani DA, Murray AJ, Bushell M, Eriksson JG, Ozanne SE. Programming of cardiac metabolism by miR-15b-5p, a miRNA released in cardiac extracellular vesicles following ischemia-reperfusion injury. Mol Metab 2024; 80:101875. [PMID: 38218535 PMCID: PMC10832484 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2024.101875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We investigated the potential involvement of miRNAs in the developmental programming of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) by maternal obesity. METHODS Serum miRNAs were measured in individuals from the Helsinki Birth Cohort (with known maternal body mass index), and a mouse model was used to determine causative effects of maternal obesity during pregnancy and ischemia-reperfusion on offspring cardiac miRNA expression and release. RESULTS miR-15b-5p levels were increased in the sera of males born to mothers with higher BMI and in the hearts of adult mice born to obese dams. In an ex-vivo model of perfused mouse hearts, we demonstrated that cardiac tissue releases miR-15b-5p, and that some of the released miR-15b-5p was contained within small extracellular vesicles (EVs). We also demonstrated that release was higher from hearts exposed to maternal obesity following ischaemia/reperfusion. Over-expression of miR-15b-5p in vitro led to loss of outer mitochondrial membrane stability and to repressed fatty acid oxidation in cardiomyocytes. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that miR-15-b could play a mechanistic role in the dysregulation of cardiac metabolism following exposure to an in utero obesogenic environment and that its release in cardiac EVs following ischaemic damage may be a novel factor contributing to inter-organ communication between the programmed heart and peripheral tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas C Pantaleão
- Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science and Medical Research Council Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Elena Loche
- Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science and Medical Research Council Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Denise S Fernandez-Twinn
- Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science and Medical Research Council Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Laura Dearden
- Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science and Medical Research Council Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Adriana Córdova-Casanova
- Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science and Medical Research Council Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Clive Osmond
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, UK
| | - Minna K Salonen
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Public Health Unit, Finland
| | - Eero Kajantie
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Public Health Unit, Finland; Clinical Medicine Research Unit, MRC Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Youguo Niu
- Department of Physiology, Development, and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Juliana de Almeida-Faria
- Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science and Medical Research Council Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Benjamin D Thackray
- Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science and Medical Research Council Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Department of Physiology, Development, and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Tuija M Mikkola
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Public Health Unit, Finland; Folkhalsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland; Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Dino A Giussani
- Department of Physiology, Development, and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andrew J Murray
- Department of Physiology, Development, and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Martin Bushell
- CRUK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK
| | - Johan G Eriksson
- Folkhalsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland; Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Finland; Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Susan E Ozanne
- Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science and Medical Research Council Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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10
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Wang H, Liu X, Zhou Q, Liu L, Jia Z, Qi Y, Xu F, Zhang Y. Current status and emerging trends of cardiac metabolism from the past 20 years: A bibliometric study. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21952. [PMID: 38045208 PMCID: PMC10692779 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Abnormal cardiac metabolism is a key factor in the development of cardiovascular diseases. Consequently, there has been considerable emphasis on researching and developing drugs that regulate metabolism. This study employed bibliometric methods to comprehensively and objectively analyze the relevant literature, offering insights into the knowledge dynamics in this field. Methods The data source for this study was the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC), from which the collected data were imported into bibliometric software for analysis. Results The United States was the leading contributor, accounting for 38.33 % of publications. The University of Washington and Damian J. Tyler were the most active institution and author, respectively. The American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology, Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research, Circulation Research, and American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism were highly influential journals that published numerous high-quality articles on cardiac metabolism. Common keywords in this research area included heart failure, insulin resistance, skeletal muscle, mitochondria, as well as topic words such as cardiac metabolism, fatty acid oxidation, glucose metabolism, and myocardial metabolism. Co-citation analysis has shown that research on heart failure and in vitro modeling of cardiovascular disease has gained prominence in recent years and making it a research hotspot. Conclusion Research on cardiac metabolism is steadily growing, with a specific focus on heart failure and the interplay between mitochondrial dysfunction, insulin resistance, and cardiac metabolism. An emerging trend in this field involves the enhancement of maturation in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocyte (hiPSC-CM) through the manipulation of cardiac metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongqin Wang
- Institute of Geriatric, Xiyuan Hospital, Beijing, China
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolin Liu
- Institute of Geriatric, Xiyuan Hospital, Beijing, China
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qingbing Zhou
- Institute of Geriatric, Xiyuan Hospital, Beijing, China
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li Liu
- Institute of Geriatric, Xiyuan Hospital, Beijing, China
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zijun Jia
- Institute of Geriatric, Xiyuan Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yifei Qi
- Institute of Geriatric, Xiyuan Hospital, Beijing, China
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fengqin Xu
- Institute of Geriatric, Xiyuan Hospital, Beijing, China
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Institute of Geriatric, Xiyuan Hospital, Beijing, China
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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11
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Li B, Liang Y, Bao H, Li D, Zhang Y, Dun X, Xu Z, Ji A, Zhang Z, Li Y, Zhang R, Chen W, Zheng Y, Cui L. Real-ambient particulate matter exposure-induced FGFR1 methylation contributes to cardiac dysfunction via lipid metabolism disruption. Sci Total Environ 2023; 870:161903. [PMID: 36731555 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM)-induced cardiometabolic disorder contributes to the progression of cardiac diseases, but its epigenetic mechanisms are largely unknown. This study used bioinformatic analysis, in vivo and in vitro multiple models to investigate the role of PM-induced cardiac fibroblast growth factor 1 (FGFR1) methylation and its impact on cardiomyocyte lipid metabolic disruption. Bioinformatic analysis revealed that FGFR1 was associated with cardiac pathologies, mitochondrial function and metabolism, supporting the possibility that FGFR1 may play regulatory roles in PM-induced cardiac functional impairment and lipid metabolism disorders. Individually ventilated cage (IVC)-based real-ambient PM exposure system mouse models were used to expose C57/BL6 mice for six and fifteen weeks. The results showed that PM induced cardiac lipid metabolism disorder, DNA nucleotide methyltransferases (DNMTs) alterations and FGFR1 expression declines in mouse heart. Lipidomics analysis revealed that carnitines, phosphoglycerides and lysophosphoglycerides were most significantly affected by PM exposure. At the cellular level, AC16 cells treated with FGFR1 inhibitor (PD173074) led to impaired mitochondrial and metabolic functions in cardiomyocytes. Inhibition of DNA methylation in cells by 5-AZA partially restored the FGFR1 expression, ameliorated cardiomyocyte injury and mitochondrial functions. These changes involved alterations in AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-peroxisome proliferator activated receptors gamma, coactivator 1 alpha (PGC1α) pathways. Bisulfite sequencing PCR (BSP) and DNA methylation specific PCR (MSP) confirmed that PM exposure induced FGFR1 gene promoter region methylation. These results suggested that, by inducing FGFR1 methylation, PM exposure would affect cardiac injury and deranged lipid metabolism. Overexpression of FGFR1 in mouse heart using adeno-associated virus 9 (AAV9) effectively alleviated PM-induced cardiac impairment and metabolic disorder. Our findings identified that FGFR1 methylation might be one of the potential indicators for PM-induced cardiac mitochondrial and metabolic dysfunction, providing novel insights into underlying PM-related cardiotoxic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benying Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yanan Liang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hongxu Bao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Daochuan Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xinyu Dun
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zijian Xu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Andong Ji
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yahui Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wen Chen
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuxin Zheng
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lianhua Cui
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
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12
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Burrage MK, Lewis AJ, Miller JJJ. Functional and Metabolic Imaging in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction: Promises, Challenges, and Clinical Utility. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2023; 37:379-399. [PMID: 35881280 PMCID: PMC10014679 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-022-07355-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is recognised as an increasingly prevalent, morbid and burdensome condition with a poor outlook. Recent advances in both the understanding of HFpEF and the technological ability to image cardiac function and metabolism in humans have simultaneously shone a light on the molecular basis of this complex condition of diastolic dysfunction, and the inflammatory and metabolic changes that are associated with it, typically in the context of a complex patient. This review both makes the case for an integrated assessment of the condition, and highlights that metabolic alteration may be a measurable outcome for novel targeted forms of medical therapy. It furthermore highlights how recent technological advancements and advanced medical imaging techniques have enabled the characterisation of the metabolism and function of HFpEF within patients, at rest and during exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew K Burrage
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Research (OCMR); Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Andrew J Lewis
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Research (OCMR); Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, UK
| | - Jack J J. Miller
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Research (OCMR); Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, UK
- The PET Research Centre and The MR Research Centre, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, UK
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13
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Peng G, Yan J, Chen L, Li L. Glycometabolism reprogramming: Implications for cardiovascular diseases. Prog Biophys Mol Biol 2023; 179:26-37. [PMID: 36963725 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2023.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
Glycometabolism is well known for its roles as the main source of energy, which mainly includes three metabolic pathways: oxidative phosphorylation, glycolysis and pentose phosphate pathway. The orderly progress of glycometabolism is the basis for the maintenance of cardiovascular function. However, upon exposure to harmful stimuli, the intracellular glycometabolism changes or tends to shift toward another glycometabolism pathway more suitable for its own development and adaptation. This shift away from the normal glycometabolism is also known as glycometabolism reprogramming, which is commonly related to the occurrence and aggravation of cardiovascular diseases. In this review, we elucidate the physiological role of glycometabolism in the cardiovascular system and summarize the mechanisms by which glycometabolism drives cardiovascular diseases, including diabetes, cardiac hypertrophy, heart failure, atherosclerosis, and pulmonary hypertension. Collectively, directing GMR back to normal glycometabolism might provide a therapeutic strategy for the prevention and treatment of related cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guolong Peng
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Jialong Yan
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Linxi Chen
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
| | - Lanfang Li
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
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14
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Nabeebaccus AA, Reumiller CM, Shen J, Zoccarato A, Santos CXC, Shah AM. The regulation of cardiac intermediary metabolism by NADPH oxidases. Cardiovasc Res 2023; 118:3305-3319. [PMID: 35325070 PMCID: PMC9847558 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvac030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
NADPH oxidases (NOXs), enzymes whose primary function is to generate reactive oxygen species, are important regulators of the heart's physiological function and response to pathological insults. The role of NOX-driven redox signalling in pathophysiological myocardial remodelling, including processes such as interstitial fibrosis, contractile dysfunction, cellular hypertrophy, and cell survival, is well recognized. While the NOX2 isoform promotes many detrimental effects, the NOX4 isoform has attracted considerable attention as a driver of adaptive stress responses both during pathology and under physiological states such as exercise. Recent studies have begun to define some of the NOX4-modulated mechanisms that may underlie these adaptive responses. In particular, novel functions of NOX4 in driving cellular metabolic changes have emerged. Alterations in cellular metabolism are a recognized hallmark of the heart's response to physiological and pathological stresses. In this review, we highlight the emerging roles of NOX enzymes as important modulators of cellular intermediary metabolism in the heart, linking stress responses not only to myocardial energetics but also other functions. The novel interplay of NOX-modulated redox signalling pathways and intermediary metabolism in the heart is unravelling a new aspect of the fascinating biology of these enzymes which will inform a better understanding of how they drive adaptive responses. We also discuss the implications of these new findings for therapeutic approaches that target metabolism in cardiac disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam A Nabeebaccus
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, James Black Centre, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Christina M Reumiller
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, James Black Centre, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Jie Shen
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, James Black Centre, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Anna Zoccarato
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, James Black Centre, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Celio X C Santos
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, James Black Centre, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Ajay M Shah
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, James Black Centre, 125 Coldharbour Lane, London SE5 9NU, UK
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15
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Ma S, Chen L, Yan J, Shen M, Zhang R, Li M, He M, Chen K, Zhu Y, Lin H, Wang Y, Liao W, Bin J, Zheng C, Liao Y. Dapagliflozin attenuates residual cardiac remodeling after surgical ventricular reconstruction in mice with an enlarged heart after myocardial infarction. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 156:113765. [PMID: 36228368 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe heart failure refractory to conventional therapy requires alternative treatment modalities. Surgical ventricular reconstruction (SVR) has been used to reverse cardiac remodeling in post-myocardial infarction (MI) patients with large left ventricular (LV) aneurysm, however, residual LV remodeling and dysfunction remain postoperatively. It is unclear whether SVR recovers response to drug treatment and whether the sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor dapagliflozin (DAPA) reverses residual LV remodeling after SVR. METHODS Adult male C57 mice were subjected to MI or sham surgery. Four-week later, MI mice with LV aneurysm underwent modified SVR or second open-chest sham operation and were randomized to DAPA or vehicle for four-week. Cardiac remodeling, LV function, and the underlying mechanisms were evaluated by echocardiography, invasive LV hemodynamic measurements, mRNA sequencing, and bioinformatics analysis. RESULTS SVR significantly decreased LV volume; increased myocardial strain, LV pressure change rates and end-systolic elastance; and decreased heart-to-body weight ratio and myocardial fibrosis. However, significant residual cardiac remodeling remained. DAPA significantly attenuated residual cardiac remodeling and improved LV function in SVR mice but did not have curative effects in non-SVR mice. Of the 1532 genes differentially expressed in SVR and MI mice, 1037 were associated with cardiac metabolism; Src, Crebbp, Fn1, Grb2, and Mapk14 were the top 5 hub genes. Unlike sham surgery, MI upregulated those 5 genes, and treatment with SVR + DAPA normalized their expression. CONCLUSIONS SVR restores therapeutic response in the post-MI heart with large LV aneurysm, and DAPA attenuates residual cardiac remodeling after SVR by normalizing some cardiac metabolism-related hub genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Ma
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Junyu Yan
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Mengjia Shen
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Mingjue Li
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Mingyuan He
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Kaitong Chen
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Yingqi Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Hairuo Lin
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Yuegang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Wangjun Liao
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Jianping Bin
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Cankun Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China.
| | - Yulin Liao
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Cardiac Function and Microcirculation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW We review the clinical benefits of altering myocardial substrate metabolism in heart failure. RECENT FINDINGS Modulation of cardiac substrates (fatty acid, glucose, or ketone metabolism) offers a wide range of therapeutic possibilities which may be applicable to heart failure. Augmenting ketone oxidation seems to offer great promise as a new therapeutic modality in heart failure. The heart has long been recognized as metabolic omnivore, meaning it can utilize a variety of energy substrates to maintain adequate ATP production. The adult heart uses fatty acid as a major fuel source, but it can also derive energy from other substrates including glucose and ketone, and to some extent pyruvate, lactate, and amino acids. However, cardiomyocytes of the failing heart endure remarkable metabolic remodeling including a shift in substrate utilization and reduced ATP production, which account for cardiac remodeling and dysfunction. Research to understand the implication of myocardial metabolic perturbation in heart failure has grown in recent years, and this has raised interest in targeting myocardial substrate metabolism for heart failure therapy. Due to the interdependency between different pathways, the main therapeutic metabolic approaches include inhibiting fatty acid uptake/fatty acid oxidation, reducing circulating fatty acid levels, increasing glucose oxidation, and augmenting ketone oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salva R Yurista
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Corrigan Minehan Heart Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 149 13th Street, Boston, MA, 02129, USA.
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA.
| | - Shi Chen
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Corrigan Minehan Heart Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 149 13th Street, Boston, MA, 02129, USA
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Aidan Welsh
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Corrigan Minehan Heart Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 149 13th Street, Boston, MA, 02129, USA
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - W H Wilson Tang
- Heart, Vascular, and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Cardiovascular Innovation Research Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Christopher T Nguyen
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Corrigan Minehan Heart Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 149 13th Street, Boston, MA, 02129, USA
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
- Heart, Vascular, and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Division of Health Science Technology, Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Cardiovascular Innovation Research Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Imaging Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
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17
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Joergensen SH, Hansen ESS, Bøgh N, Bertelsen LB, Staehr PB, Schulte RF, Malloy C, Wiggers H, Laustsen C. Detection of increased pyruvate dehydrogenase flux in the human heart during adenosine stress test using hyperpolarized [1- 13C]pyruvate cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2022; 24:34. [PMID: 35658896 PMCID: PMC9169396 DOI: 10.1186/s12968-022-00860-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperpolarized (HP) [1-13C]pyruvate cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging can visualize the uptake and intracellular conversion of [1-13C]pyruvate to either [1-13C]lactate or 13C-bicarbonate depending on the prevailing metabolic state. The aim of the present study was to combine an adenosine stress test with HP [1-13C]pyruvate CMR to detect cardiac metabolism in the healthy human heart at rest and during moderate stress. METHODS A prospective descriptive study was performed between October 2019 and August 2020. Healthy human subjects underwent cine CMR and HP [1-13C]pyruvate CMR at rest and during adenosine stress. HP [1-13C]pyruvate CMR images were acquired at the mid-left-ventricle (LV) level. Semi-quantitative assessment of first-pass myocardial [1-13C]pyruvate perfusion and metabolism were assessed. Paired t-tests were used to compare mean values at rest and during stress. RESULTS Six healthy subjects (two female), age 29 ± 7 years were studied and no adverse reactions occurred. Myocardial [1-13C]pyruvate perfusion was significantly increased during stress with a reduction in time-to-peak from 6.2 ± 2.8 to 2.7 ± 1.3 s, p = 0.02. This higher perfusion was accompanied by an overall increased myocardial uptake and metabolism. The conversion rate constant (kPL) for lactate increased from 11 ± 9 *10-3 to 20 ± 10 * 10-3 s-1, p = 0.04. The pyruvate oxidation rate (kPB) increased from 4 ± 4 *10-3 to 12 ± 7 *10-3 s-1, p = 0.008. This increase in carbohydrate metabolism was positively correlated with heart rate (R2 = 0.44, p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS Adenosine stress testing combined with HP [1-13C]pyruvate CMR is feasible and well-tolerated in healthy subjects. We observed an increased pyruvate oxidation during cardiac stress. The present study is an important step in the translation of HP [1-13C]pyruvate CMR into clinical cardiac imaging. Trial registration EUDRACT, 2018-003533-15. Registered 4th of December 2018, https://www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu/ctr-search/search?query=2018-003533-15.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steen Hylgaard Joergensen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, The MR-Research Centre, Palle Juul Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark.
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Hjoerring, Denmark.
- Department of Cardiology, North Denmark Regional Hospital, Bispensgade 37, 9800, Hjoerring, Denmark.
| | - Esben Soevsoe S Hansen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, The MR-Research Centre, Palle Juul Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Nikolaj Bøgh
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, The MR-Research Centre, Palle Juul Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Lotte Bonde Bertelsen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, The MR-Research Centre, Palle Juul Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Peter Bisgaard Staehr
- Department of Cardiology, North Denmark Regional Hospital, Bispensgade 37, 9800, Hjoerring, Denmark
| | | | - Craig Malloy
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, USA
| | - Henrik Wiggers
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Hjoerring, Denmark
| | - Christoffer Laustsen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, The MR-Research Centre, Palle Juul Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
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Renguet E, De Loof M, Fourny N, Ginion A, Bouzin C, Poüs C, Horman S, Beauloye C, Bultot L, Bertrand L. α-Tubulin acetylation on Lysine 40 controls cardiac glucose uptake. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2022; 322:H1032-H1043. [PMID: 35486479 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00664.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Our group previously demonstrated that an excess of nutrients, as observed in diabetes, provokes an increase in cardiac protein acetylation responsible for a reduced insulin-stimulated translocation of the glucose transporter GLUT4 to the plasma membrane. The acetylated proteins involved in this event have yet not been identified. α-Tubulin is a promising candidate as a major cytoskeleton component involved, among other things, in the translocation of GLUT4-containing vesicles from their intracellular pools towards the plasma membrane. Moreover, α-tubulin is known to be acetylated, Lys40 (K40) being its best characterized acetylated residue. The present work sought to evaluate the impact of α-tubulin K40 acetylation on cardiac glucose entry, with a particular interest in GLUT4 translocation. First, we observed that a mouse model of high-fat diet-induced obesity presented an increase in cardiac α-tubulin K40 acetylation level. Next, we showed that treatment of insulin-sensitive primary cultured adult rat cardiomyocytes with tubacin, a specific tubulin acetylation inducer, reduced insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and GLUT4 translocation. Conversely, decreasing α-tubulin K40 acetylation by expressing a non-acetylable dominant form of α-tubulin (mCherry α-tubulin K40A mutant) remarkably intensified insulin-induced glucose transport. Finally, mCherry α-tubulin K40A expression similarly improved glucose transport in insulin-resistant cardiomyocytes or after AMP-activated protein kinase activation. Taken together, our study demonstrates that modulation of α-tubulin K40 acetylation level affects glucose transport in cardiomyocytes, offering new putative therapeutic insights regarding modulation of glucose metabolism in insulin-resistant and diabetic hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edith Renguet
- Université catholique de Louvain, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Pole of Cardiovascular Research, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marine De Loof
- Université catholique de Louvain, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Pole of Cardiovascular Research, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Natacha Fourny
- Université catholique de Louvain, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Pole of Cardiovascular Research, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Audrey Ginion
- Université catholique de Louvain, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Pole of Cardiovascular Research, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Caroline Bouzin
- Université catholique de Louvain, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, IREC Imaging Platform (2IP), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Christian Poüs
- Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM UMR-S-1193, Châtenay-Malabry, France; AP-HP, Biochimie-Hormonologie, Hôpital Antoine Béclère, Clamart, France
| | - Sandrine Horman
- Université catholique de Louvain, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Pole of Cardiovascular Research, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Christophe Beauloye
- Université catholique de Louvain, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Pole of Cardiovascular Research, Brussels, Belgium.,Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Division of Cardiology, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laurent Bultot
- Université catholique de Louvain, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Pole of Cardiovascular Research, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Luc Bertrand
- Université catholique de Louvain, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Pole of Cardiovascular Research, Brussels, Belgium
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Ho KL, Karwi QG, Connolly D, Pherwani S, Ketema EB, Ussher JR, Lopaschuk GD. Metabolic, structural and biochemical changes in diabetes and the development of heart failure. Diabetologia 2022; 65:411-423. [PMID: 34994805 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-021-05637-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes contributes to the development of heart failure through various metabolic, structural and biochemical changes. The presence of diabetes increases the risk for the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD), and since the introduction of cardiovascular outcome trials to test diabetic drugs, the importance of improving our understanding of the mechanisms by which diabetes increases the risk for heart failure has come under the spotlight. In addition to the coronary vasculature changes that predispose individuals with diabetes to coronary artery disease, diabetes can also lead to cardiac dysfunction independent of ischaemic heart disease. The hyperlipidaemic, hyperglycaemic and insulin resistant state of diabetes contributes to a perturbed energy metabolic milieu, whereby the heart increases its reliance on fatty acids and decreases glucose oxidative rates. In addition to changes in cardiac energy metabolism, extracellular matrix remodelling contributes to the development of cardiac fibrosis, and impairments in calcium handling result in cardiac contractile dysfunction. Lipotoxicity and glucotoxicity also contribute to impairments in vascular function, cardiac contractility, calcium signalling, oxidative stress, cardiac efficiency and lipoapoptosis. Lastly, changes in protein acetylation, protein methylation and DNA methylation contribute to a myriad of gene expression and protein activity changes. Altogether, these changes lead to decreased cardiac efficiency, increased vulnerability to an ischaemic insult and increased risk for the development of heart failure. This review explores the above mechanisms and the way in which they contribute to cardiac dysfunction in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim L Ho
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Qutuba G Karwi
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - David Connolly
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Simran Pherwani
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ezra B Ketema
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - John R Ussher
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Gary D Lopaschuk
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
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20
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Abstract
Purpose of Review We review therapeutic approaches aimed at restoring function of the failing heart by targeting mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS), ion handling, and substrate utilization for adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production. Recent Findings Mitochondria-targeted therapies have been tested in animal models of and humans with heart failure (HF). Cardiac benefits of sodium/glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors might be partly explained by their effects on ion handling and metabolism of cardiac myocytes. Summary The large energy requirements of the heart are met by oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria, which is tightly regulated by the turnover of ATP that fuels cardiac contraction and relaxation. In heart failure (HF), this mechano-energetic coupling is disrupted, leading to bioenergetic mismatch and production of ROS that drive the progression of cardiac dysfunction. Furthermore, HF is accompanied by changes in substrate uptake and oxidation that are considered detrimental for mitochondrial oxidative metabolism and negatively affect cardiac efficiency. Mitochondria lie at the crossroads of metabolic and energetic dysfunction in HF and represent ideal therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Schwemmlein
- Department of Translational Research, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Clinic Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Maack
- Department of Translational Research, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Clinic Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Edoardo Bertero
- Department of Translational Research, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Clinic Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany. .,Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties (Di.M.I.), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
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21
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Kiss A, Wu P, Schlederer M, Pilz PM, Szabo PL, Li J, Weber L, Vraka C, Pichler V, Mitterhauser M, Zhang X, Zins K, Abraham D, Li S, Podesser BK, Hacker M, Li X. Sympathetic nerve innervation and metabolism in ischemic myocardium in response to remote ischemic perconditioning. Basic Res Cardiol 2022; 117:42. [PMID: 36008727 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-022-00946-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Sympathetic nerve denervation after myocardial infarction (MI) predicts risk of sudden cardiac death. Therefore, therapeutic approaches limit infarct size, improving adverse remodeling and restores sympathetic innervation have a great clinical potential. Remote ischemic perconditioning (RIPerc) could markedly attenuate MI-reperfusion (MIR) injury. In this study, we aimed to assess its effects on cardiac sympathetic innervation and metabolism. Transient myocardial ischemia is induced by ligature of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) in male Sprague-Dawley rats, and in vivo cardiac 2-[18F]FDG and [11C]mHED PET scans were performed at 14-15 days after ischemia. RIPerc was induced by three cycles of 5-min-long unilateral hind limb ischemia and intermittent 5 min of reperfusion during LAD occlusion period. The PET quantitative parameters were quantified in parametric polar maps. This standardized format facilitates the regional radioactive quantification in deficit regions to remote areas. The ex vivo radionuclide distribution was additionally identified using autoradiography. Myocardial neuron density (tyrosine hydroxylase positive staining) and chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPG, inhibiting neuron regeneration) expression were assessed by immunohistochemistry. There was no significant difference in the mean hypometabolism 2-[18F]FDG uptake ratio (44.6 ± 4.8% vs. 45.4 ± 4.4%) between MIR rats and MIR + RIPerc rats (P > 0.05). However, the mean [11C]mHED nervous activity of denervated myocardium was significantly elevated in MIR + RIPerc rats compared to the MIR rats (35.9 ± 7.1% vs. 28.9 ± 2.3%, P < 0.05), coupled with reduced denervated myocardium area (19.5 ± 5.3% vs. 27.8 ± 6.6%, P < 0.05), which were associated with preserved left-ventricular systolic function, a less reduction in neuron density, and a significant reduction in CSPG and CD68 expression in the myocardium. RIPerc presented a positive effect on cardiac sympathetic-nerve innervation following ischemia, but showed no significant effect on myocardial metabolism.
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22
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Aksentijević D, Shattock MJ. With a grain of salt: Sodium elevation and metabolic remodelling in heart failure. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2021; 161:106-15. [PMID: 34371034 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2021.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Elevated intracellular Na (Nai) and metabolic impairment are interrelated pathophysiological features of the failing heart (HF). There have been a number of studies showing that myocardial sodium elevation subtly affects mitochondrial function. During contraction, mitochondrial calcium (Camito) stimulates a variety of TCA cycle enzymes, thereby providing reducing equivalents to maintain ATP supply. Nai elevation has been shown to impact Camito; however, whether metabolic remodelling in HF is caused by increased Nai has only been recently demonstrated. This novel insight may help to elucidate the contribution of metabolic remodelling in the pathophysiology of HF, the lack of efficacy of current HF therapies and a rationale for the development of future metabolism-targeting treatments. Here we review the relationship between Na pump inhibition, elevated Nai, and altered metabolic profile in the context of HF and their link to metabolic (in)flexibility and mitochondrial reprogramming.
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23
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Sourdon J, Roussel T, Costes C, Viout P, Guye M, Ranjeva JP, Bernard M, Kober F, Rapacchi S. Comparison of single-voxel 1H-cardiovascular magnetic resonance spectroscopy techniques for in vivo measurement of myocardial creatine and triglycerides at 3T. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2021; 23:53. [PMID: 33980263 PMCID: PMC8117273 DOI: 10.1186/s12968-021-00748-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Single-voxel proton cardiovascular magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-CMRS) benefits from 3 T to detect metabolic abnormalities with the quantification of intramyocardial fatty acids (FA) and creatine (Cr). Conventional point resolved spectroscopy (PRESS) sequence remains the preferred choice for CMRS, despite its chemical shift displacement error (CSDE) at high field (≥ 3 T). Alternative candidate sequences are the semi-adiabatic Localization by Adiabatic SElective Refocusing (sLASER) recommended for brain and musculoskeletal applications and the localized stimulated echo acquisition mode (STEAM). In this study, we aim to compare these three single-voxel 1H-CMRS techniques: PRESS, sLASER and STEAM for reproducible quantification of myocardial FA and Cr at 3 T. Sequences are compared both using breath-hold (BH) and free-breathing (FB) acquisitions. METHODS CMRS accuracy and theoretical CSDE were verified on a purposely-designed fat-water phantom. FA and Cr CMRS data quality and reliability were evaluated in the interventricular septum of 10 healthy subjects, comparing repeated BH and free-breathing with retrospective gating. RESULTS Measured FA/W ratio deviated from expected phantom ratio due to CSDE with all sequences. sLASER supplied the lowest bias (10%, vs -28% and 27% for PRESS and STEAM). In vivo, PRESS provided the highest signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in FB scans (27.5 for Cr and 103.2 for FA). Nevertheless, a linear regression analysis between the two BH showed a better correlation between myocardial Cr content measured with sLASER compared to PRESS (r = 0.46; p = 0.03 vs. r = 0.35; p = 0.07) and similar slopes of regression lines for FA measurements (r = 0.94; p < 0.001 vs. r = 0.87; p < 0.001). STEAM was unable to perform Cr measurement and was the method with the lowest correlation (r = 0.59; p = 0.07) for FA. No difference was found between measurements done either during BH or FB for Cr, FA and triglycerides using PRESS, sLASER and STEAM. CONCLUSION When quantifying myocardial lipids and creatine with CMR proton spectroscopy at 3 T, PRESS provided higher SNR, while sLASER was more reproducible both with single BH and FB scans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joevin Sourdon
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, CRMBM UMR 7339, Marseille, France.
- APHM, Hôpital Universitaire Timone, CEMEREM, Marseille, France.
| | - Tangi Roussel
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, CRMBM UMR 7339, Marseille, France
- APHM, Hôpital Universitaire Timone, CEMEREM, Marseille, France
| | - Claire Costes
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, CRMBM UMR 7339, Marseille, France
- APHM, Hôpital Universitaire Timone, CEMEREM, Marseille, France
| | - Patrick Viout
- APHM, Hôpital Universitaire Timone, CEMEREM, Marseille, France
| | - Maxime Guye
- APHM, Hôpital Universitaire Timone, CEMEREM, Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Ranjeva
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, CRMBM UMR 7339, Marseille, France
- APHM, Hôpital Universitaire Timone, CEMEREM, Marseille, France
| | | | - Frank Kober
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, CRMBM UMR 7339, Marseille, France
| | - Stanislas Rapacchi
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, CRMBM UMR 7339, Marseille, France
- APHM, Hôpital Universitaire Timone, CEMEREM, Marseille, France
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24
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Wong LY, Glatz JFC, Wang S, Geraets IME, Vanherle S, Wijngaard AVD, Brunner H, Luiken JJFP, Nabben M. Comparison of human and rodent cell models to study myocardial lipid-induced insulin resistance. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2021; 167:102267. [PMID: 33751940 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2021.102267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Isolated or cultured cells have proven to be valuable model systems to investigate cellular (patho)biology and for screening of the efficacy of drugs or their possible side-effects. Pluripotent stem cells (PSC) can be readily obtained from healthy individuals as well as from diseased patients, and protocols have been developed to differentiate these cells into cardiomyocytes. Hence, these cellular models are moving center stage for a broader application. In this review, we focus on comparing mouse HL-1 cardiomyocytes, isolated adult rat cardiomyocytes, human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hESC-CMs) and human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) for the study of metabolic aspects of cardiac functioning in health and disease. Various studies have reported that these cellular models are suitable for assessing substrate uptake and utilization, in that each display an adequate and similar response to physiological triggers, in particular the presence of insulin. Likewise, disease conditions, such as excess lipid supply, similarly affect each of these rodent and human cardiomyocyte models. It is concluded that PSC-CMs obtained from patients with cardiogenetic abnormalities are promising models to evaluate the functional consequence of gene variants with unknown significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Yen Wong
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Jan F C Glatz
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Genetics & Cell Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center+ and FHML, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands.
| | - Shujin Wang
- Department of Genetics & Cell Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center+ and FHML, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Ilvy M E Geraets
- Department of Genetics & Cell Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center+ and FHML, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Sabina Vanherle
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Arthur van den Wijngaard
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Han Brunner
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Joost J F P Luiken
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Genetics & Cell Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center+ and FHML, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Miranda Nabben
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Genetics & Cell Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center+ and FHML, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands; CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
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25
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Madsen A, Krause J, Höppner G, Hirt MN, Tan WLW, Lim I, Hansen A, Nikolaev VO, Foo RSY, Eschenhagen T, Stenzig J. Hypertrophic signaling compensates for contractile and metabolic consequences of DNA methyltransferase 3A loss in human cardiomyocytes. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2021; 154:115-123. [PMID: 33582159 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2021.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The role of DNA methylation in cardiomyocyte physiology and cardiac disease remains a matter of controversy. We have recently provided evidence for an important role of DNMT3A in human cardiomyocyte cell homeostasis and metabolism, using engineered heart tissue (EHT) generated from human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived cardiomyocytes carrying a knockout of the de novo DNA methyltransferase DNMT3A. Unlike isogenic control EHT, knockout EHT displayed morphological abnormalities such as lipid accumulations inside cardiomyocytes associated with impaired mitochondrial metabolism, as well as functional defects and impaired glucose metabolism. Here, we analyzed the role of DNMT3A in the setting of cardiac hypertrophy. We induced hypertrophic signaling by treatment with 50 nM endothelin-1 and 20 μM phenylephrine for one week and assessed EHT contractility, morphology, DNA methylation, and gene expression. While both knockout EHTs and isogenic controls showed the expected activation of the hypertrophic gene program, knockout EHTs were protected from hypertrophy-related functional impairment. Conversely, hypertrophic treatment prevented the metabolic consequences of a loss of DNMT3A, i.e. abolished lipid accumulation in cardiomyocytes likely by partial normalization of mitochondrial metabolism and restored glucose metabolism and metabolism-related gene expression of knockout EHT. Together, these data suggest an important role of DNA methylation not only for cardiomyocyte physiology, but also in the setting of cardiac disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Madsen
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Julia Krause
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Grit Höppner
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marc N Hirt
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Ives Lim
- Genome Institute of Singapore, 138672, Singapore; Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University of Singapore, 119077, Singapore
| | - Arne Hansen
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Viacheslav O Nikolaev
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Roger S Y Foo
- Genome Institute of Singapore, 138672, Singapore; Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University of Singapore, 119077, Singapore
| | - Thomas Eschenhagen
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Justus Stenzig
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
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Abstract
OPINION STATEMENT Heart failure (HF) is increasingly recognized as the major complication of chemotherapy regimens. Despite the development of modern targeted therapies such as monoclonal antibodies, doxorubicin (DOXO), one of the most cardiotoxic anticancer agents, still remains the treatment of choice for several solid and hematological tumors. The insurgence of cardiotoxicity represents the major limitation to the clinical use of this potent anticancer drug. At the molecular level, cardiac side effects of DOXO have been associated to mitochondrial dysfunction, DNA damage, impairment of iron metabolism, apoptosis, and autophagy dysregulation. On these bases, the antioxidant and iron chelator molecule, dexrazoxane, currently represents the unique FDA-approved cardioprotectant for patients treated with anthracyclines.A less explored area of research concerns the impact of DOXO on cardiac metabolism. Recent metabolomic studies highlight the possibility that cardiac metabolic alterations may critically contribute to the development of DOXO cardiotoxicity. Among these, the impairment of oxidative phosphorylation and the persistent activation of glycolysis, which are commonly observed in response to DOXO treatment, may undermine the ability of cardiomyocytes to meet the energy demand, eventually leading to energetic failure. Moreover, increasing evidence links DOXO cardiotoxicity to imbalanced insulin signaling and to cardiac insulin resistance. Although anti-diabetic drugs, such as empagliflozin and metformin, have shown interesting cardioprotective effects in vitro and in vivo in different models of heart failure, their mechanism of action is unclear, and their use for the treatment of DOXO cardiotoxicity is still unexplored.This review article aims at summarizing current evidence of the metabolic derangements induced by DOXO and at providing speculations on how key players of cardiac metabolism could be pharmacologically targeted to prevent or cure DOXO cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Russo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Angela Della Sala
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Carlo Gabriele Tocchetti
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
- Interdepartmental Center of Clinical and Translational Sciences (CIRCET), Federico II University, Naples, Italy
- Interdepartmental Hypertension Research Center (CIRIAPA), Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo Ettore Porporato
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Alessandra Ghigo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Torino, Italy.
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Holmes C, Vela RJ, Powell L, Brant S, Peltz M, Jessen ME. Myocardial Substrate Oxidation and Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle Intermediates During Hypothermic Machine Perfusion. J Surg Res 2021; 259:242-52. [PMID: 33250204 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2020.09.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The optimal substrate for hypothermic machine perfusion preservation of donor hearts is unknown. Fatty acids, acetate, and ketones are preferred substrates of the heart during normothermic perfusion, but cannot replete the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle directly. Propionate, an anaplerotic substrate, can replenish TCA cycle intermediates and may affect cardiac metabolism. The purpose of this study was to determine myocardial substrate preferences during hypothermic machine perfusion and to assess if an anaplerotic substrate was required to maintain the TCA cycle intermediate pool in perfused hearts. METHODS Groups of rat hearts were perfused with carbon-13 (13C)-labeled substrates (acetate, β-hydroxybutyrate, octanoate, with and without propionate) at low and high concentrations. TCA cycle intermediate concentrations, substrate selection, and TCA cycle flux were determined by gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy and 13C magnetic resonance spectroscopy. RESULTS Acetate and octanoate were preferentially oxidized, whereas β-hydroxybutyrate was a minor substrate. TCA cycle intermediate concentrations except fumarate were higher in substrate-containing perfusion groups compared with either the no-substrate perfusion group or the no-ischemia control group. CONCLUSIONS The presence of an exogenous, oxidizable substrate is required to support metabolism in the cold perfused heart. An anaplerotic substrate is not essential to maintain the TCA cycle intermediate pool and support oxidative metabolism under these conditions.
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28
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Brown SM, Larsen NK, Thankam FG, Agrawal DK. Fetal cardiomyocyte phenotype, ketone body metabolism, and mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathology of atrial fibrillation. Mol Cell Biochem 2020; 476:1165-1178. [PMID: 33188453 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-020-03980-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia diagnosed in clinical practice. Even though hypertension, congestive heart failure, pulmonary disease, and coronary artery disease are the potential risk factors for AF, the underlying molecular pathology is largely unknown. The reversion of the mature cardiomyocytes to fetal phenotype, impaired ketone body metabolism, mitochondrial dysfunction, and the cellular effect of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are the major underlying biochemical events associated with the molecular pathology of AF. On this background, the present manuscript sheds light into these biochemical events in regard to the metabolic derangements in cardiomyocyte leading to AF, especially with respect to structural, contractile, and electrophysiological properties. In addition, the article critically reviews the current understanding, potential demerits, and translational strategies in the management of AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean M Brown
- Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, 68178, USA
| | | | - Finosh G Thankam
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, 309 E. Second Street, Pomona, CA, 91766, USA
| | - Devendra K Agrawal
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, 309 E. Second Street, Pomona, CA, 91766, USA.
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Bertrand L, Auquier J, Renguet E, Angé M, Cumps J, Horman S, Beauloye C. Glucose transporters in cardiovascular system in health and disease. Pflugers Arch 2020; 472:1385-1399. [PMID: 32809061 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-020-02444-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Glucose transporters are essential for the heart to sustain its function. Due to its nature as a high energy-consuming organ, the heart needs to catabolize a huge quantity of metabolic substrates. For optimized energy production, the healthy heart constantly switches between various metabolites in accordance with substrate availability and hormonal status. This metabolic flexibility is essential for the maintenance of cardiac function. Glucose is part of the main substrates catabolized by the heart and its use is fine-tuned via complex molecular mechanisms that include the regulation of the glucose transporters GLUTs, mainly GLUT4 and GLUT1. Besides GLUTs, glucose can also be transported by cotransporters of the sodium-glucose cotransporter (SGLT) (SLC5 gene) family, in which SGLT1 and SMIT1 were shown to be expressed in the heart. This SGLT-mediated uptake does not seem to be directly linked to energy production but is rather associated with intracellular signalling triggering important processes such as the production of reactive oxygen species. Glucose transport is markedly affected in cardiac diseases such as cardiac hypertrophy, diabetic cardiomyopathy and heart failure. These alterations are not only fingerprints of these diseases but are involved in their onset and progression. The present review will depict the importance of glucose transport in healthy and diseased heart, as well as proposed therapies targeting glucose transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luc Bertrand
- Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Pole of Cardiovascular Research, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 55, B1.55.05, B-1200, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Julien Auquier
- Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Pole of Cardiovascular Research, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 55, B1.55.05, B-1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Edith Renguet
- Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Pole of Cardiovascular Research, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 55, B1.55.05, B-1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marine Angé
- Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Pole of Cardiovascular Research, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 55, B1.55.05, B-1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Julien Cumps
- Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Pole of Cardiovascular Research, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 55, B1.55.05, B-1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sandrine Horman
- Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Pole of Cardiovascular Research, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 55, B1.55.05, B-1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Christophe Beauloye
- Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Pole of Cardiovascular Research, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 55, B1.55.05, B-1200, Brussels, Belgium.,Division of Cardiology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
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Nguyen TD, Schulze PC. Lipid in the midst of metabolic remodeling - Therapeutic implications for the failing heart. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020; 159:120-132. [PMID: 32791076 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A healthy heart relies on an intact cardiac lipid metabolism. Fatty acids represent the major source for ATP production in the heart. Not less importantly, lipids are directly involved in critical processes such as cell growth, proliferation, and cell death by functioning as building blocks or signaling molecules. In the development of heart failure, perturbations in fatty acid utilization impair cardiac energetics. Furthermore, they may affect glucose and amino acid metabolism and induce the synthesis of several lipid intermediates, whose biological functions are still poorly understood. This work outlines the pivotal role of lipid metabolism in the heart and provides a lipocentric view of metabolic remodeling in heart failure. We will also critically revisit therapeutic attempts targeting cardiac lipid metabolism in heart failure and propose specific strategies for future investigations in this regard.
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Upadhyay S, Mantha AK, Dhiman M. Glycyrrhiza glabra (Licorice) root extract attenuates doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity via alleviating oxidative stress and stabilising the cardiac health in H9c2 cardiomyocytes. J Ethnopharmacol 2020; 258:112690. [PMID: 32105749 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Doxorubicin (DOX) is an effective anti-neoplastic drug, however; it has downside effects on cardiac health and other vital organs. The herbal remedies used in day to day life may have a beneficial effect without disturbing the health of the vital organs. Glycyrrhiza glabra L. is a ligneous perennial shrub belonging to Leguminosae/Fabaceae/Papilionaceae family growing in Mediterranean region and Asia and widespread in Turkey, Italy, Spain, Russia, Syria, Iran, China, India and Israel. Commonly known as mulaithi in north India, G. glabra has glycyrrhizin, glycyrrhetic acid, isoliquiritin, isoflavones, etc., which have been reported for several pharmacological activities such as anti-demulcent, anti-ulcer, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic. AIM OF THE STUDY The objective of the present study is to investigate the interaction between the molecular factors like PPAR-α/γ and SIRT-1 during cardiac failure arbitrated by DOX under in vitro conditions and role of Glycyrrhiza glabra (Gg) root extract in alleviating these affects. MATERIALS AND METHODS In the present study, we have examined the DOX induced responses in H9c2 cardiomyocytes and investigated the role of phytochemical Glycyrrhiza glabra in modulating these affects. MTT assay was done to evaluate the cell viability, Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)/Reactive Nitrogen Species (RNS) levels, mitochondrial ROS, mitochondrial membrane potential was estimated using fluorescent probes. The oxidative stress in terms of protein carbonylation, lipid peroxidation and DNA damage was detected via spectrophotometric methods and immune-fluorescence imaging. The cardiac markers and interaction between SIRT-1 and PPAR-α/γ was measured using Real-Time PCR, Western blotting and Co-immunoprecipitation based studies. RESULTS The Glycyrrhiza glabra (Gg) extracts maintained the membrane integrity and improved the lipid homeostasis and stabilized cytoskeletal element actin. Gg phytoextracts attenuated aggravated ROS level, repaired the antioxidant status and consequently, assisted in repairing the DNA damage and mitochondrial function. Further, the expression of hypertrophic markers in the DOX treated cardiomyocytes reconciled the expression factors both at the transcriptional and translational levels after Gg treatment. SIRT-1 mediated pathway and its downstream activator PPARs are significant in maintaining the cellular functions. It was observed that the Gg extract allows regaining the nuclear SIRT-1 and PPAR-γ level which was otherwise reduced with DOX treatment in H9c2 cardiomyocytes. The co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) documented that SIRT-1 interacts with PPAR-α in the untreated control H9c2 cardiomyocytes whereas DOX treatment interferes and diminishes this interaction however the Gg treatment maintains this interaction. Knocking down SIRT-1 also downregulated expression of PPAR-α and PPAR-γ in DOX treated cells and Gg treatment was able to enhance the expression of PPAR-α and PPAR-γ in SIRT-1 knocked down cardiomyocytes. CONCLUSIONS The antioxidant property of Gg defend the cardiac cells against the DOX induced toxicity via; 1) reducing the oxidative stress, 2) maintaining the mitochondrial functions, 3) regulating lipid homeostasis and cardiac metabolism through SIRT-1 pathway, and 4) conserving the cardiac hypertrophy and hence preserving the cardiomyocytes health. Therefore, Gg can be recommended as a healthy supplement with DOX towards cancer therapeutics associated cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shishir Upadhyay
- Department of Zoology, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151001, Punjab, India
| | - Anil Kumar Mantha
- Department of Zoology, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151001, Punjab, India
| | - Monisha Dhiman
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151001, Punjab, India.
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Aziz Q, Chen J, Moyes AJ, Li Y, Anderson NA, Ang R, Aksentijevic D, Sebastian S, Hobbs AJ, Thiemermann C, Tinker A. Vascular K ATP channels protect from cardiac dysfunction and preserve cardiac metabolism during endotoxemia. J Mol Med (Berl) 2020; 98:1149-60. [PMID: 32632751 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-020-01946-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Abstract KATP channels in the vasculature composed of Kir6.1 regulate vascular tone and may contribute to the pathogenesis of endotoxemia. We used mice with cell-specific deletion of Kir6.1 in smooth muscle (smKO) and endothelium (eKO) to investigate this question. We found that smKO mice had a significant survival disadvantage compared with their littermate controls when treated with a sub-lethal dose of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). All cohorts of mice became hypotensive following bacterial LPS administration; however, mean arterial pressure in WT mice recovered to normal levels, whereas smKO struggled to overcome LPS-induced hypotension. In vivo and ex vivo investigations revealed pronounced cardiac dysfunction in LPS-treated smKO, but not in eKO mice. Similar results were observed in a cecal slurry injection model. Metabolomic profiling of hearts revealed significantly reduced levels of metabolites involved in redox/energetics, TCA cycle, lipid/fatty acid and amino acid metabolism. Vascular smooth muscle-localised KATP channels have a critical role in the response to systemic infection by normalising cardiac function and haemodynamics through metabolic homeostasis. Key messages • Mice lacking vascular KATP channels are more susceptible to death from infection. • Absence of smooth muscle KATP channels depresses cardiac function during infection. • Cardiac dysfunction is accompanied by profound changes in cellular metabolites. • Findings from this study suggest a protective role for vascular KATP channels in response to systemic infection. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00109-020-01946-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Cuijpers I, Simmonds SJ, van Bilsen M, Czarnowska E, González Miqueo A, Heymans S, Kuhn AR, Mulder P, Ratajska A, Jones EAV, Brakenhielm E. Microvascular and lymphatic dysfunction in HFpEF and its associated comorbidities. Basic Res Cardiol 2020; 115:39. [PMID: 32451732 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-020-0798-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a complex heterogeneous disease for which our pathophysiological understanding is still limited and specific prevention and treatment strategies are lacking. HFpEF is characterised by diastolic dysfunction and cardiac remodelling (fibrosis, inflammation, and hypertrophy). Recently, microvascular dysfunction and chronic low-grade inflammation have been proposed to participate in HFpEF development. Furthermore, several recent studies demonstrated the occurrence of generalized lymphatic dysfunction in experimental models of risk factors for HFpEF, including obesity, hypercholesterolaemia, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hypertension, and aging. Here, we review the evidence for a combined role of coronary (micro)vascular dysfunction and lymphatic vessel alterations in mediating key pathological steps in HFpEF, including reduced cardiac perfusion, chronic low-grade inflammation, and myocardial oedema, and their impact on cardiac metabolic alterations (oxygen and nutrient supply/demand imbalance), fibrosis, and cardiomyocyte stiffness. We focus primarily on HFpEF caused by metabolic risk factors, such as obesity, T2DM, hypertension, and aging.
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Trum M, Wagner S, Maier LS, Mustroph J. CaMKII and GLUT1 in heart failure and the role of gliflozins. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1866:165729. [PMID: 32068116 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.165729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Empagliflozin, a selective sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor, has been shown to reduce mortality and hospitalization for heart failure in diabetic patients in the EMPA-REG-OUTCOME trial (Zinman et al., 2015). Surprisingly, dapagliflozin, another SGLT2 inhibitor, exerted comparable effects on clinical endpoints even in the absence of diabetes mellitus (DAPA-HF trial) (McMurray et al., 2019). There is a myriad of suggested underlying mechanisms ranging from improved glycemic control and hemodynamic effects to altered myocardial metabolism, inflammation, neurohumoral activation and intracellular ion homeostasis. Here, we review the effects of gliflozins on cardiac electro-mechanical coupling with an emphasis on novel CaMKII-mediated pathways and on cardiac glucose and ketone metabolism in the failing heart. We focus on empagliflozin as it is the gliflozin with the most abundant experimental evidence for direct effects on the heart. Where useful, we aim to compare empagliflozin to other gliflozins. To facilitate understanding of empagliflozin-induced alterations, we first give a short summary of the pathophysiological role of CaMKII in heart failure, as well as cardiac changes of glucose and ketone body metabolism in the failing heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Trum
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - S Wagner
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - L S Maier
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - J Mustroph
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
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Andres DA, Young LEA, Veeranki S, Hawkinson TR, Levitan BM, He D, Wang C, Satin J, Sun RC. Improved workflow for mass spectrometry-based metabolomics analysis of the heart. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:2676-2686. [PMID: 31980460 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.011081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
MS-based metabolomics methods are powerful techniques to map the complex and interconnected metabolic pathways of the heart; however, normalization of metabolite abundance to sample input in heart tissues remains a technical challenge. Herein, we describe an improved GC-MS-based metabolomics workflow that uses insoluble protein-derived glutamate for the normalization of metabolites within each sample and includes normalization to protein-derived amino acids to reduce biological variation and detect small metabolic changes. Moreover, glycogen is measured within the metabolomics workflow. We applied this workflow to study heart metabolism by first comparing two different methods of heart removal: the Langendorff heart method (reverse aortic perfusion) and in situ freezing of mouse heart with a modified tissue freeze-clamp approach. We then used the in situ freezing method to study the effects of acute β-adrenergic receptor stimulation (through isoproterenol (ISO) treatment) on heart metabolism. Using our workflow and within minutes, ISO reduced the levels of metabolites involved in glycogen metabolism, glycolysis, and the Krebs cycle, but the levels of pentose phosphate pathway metabolites and of many free amino acids remained unchanged. This observation was coupled to a 6-fold increase in phosphorylated adenosine nucleotide abundance. These results support the notion that ISO acutely accelerates oxidative metabolism of glucose to meet the ATP demand required to support increased heart rate and cardiac output. In summary, our MS-based metabolomics workflow enables improved quantification of cardiac metabolites and may also be compatible with other methods such as LC or capillary electrophoresis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas A Andres
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky 40536; Gill Heart and Vascular Institute, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky 40536; Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky 40536; Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky 40536
| | - Lyndsay E A Young
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky 40536
| | - Sudhakar Veeranki
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky 40536; Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky 40536
| | - Tara R Hawkinson
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536
| | - Bryana M Levitan
- Gill Heart and Vascular Institute, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky 40536; Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky 40536
| | - Daheng He
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky 40536
| | - Chi Wang
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky 40536; Department of Biostatistics, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky 40536
| | - Jonathan Satin
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky 40536
| | - Ramon C Sun
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky 40536; Department of Neuroscience, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536.
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Mereweather LJ, Montes Aparicio CN, Heather LC. Positioning Metabolism as a Central Player in the Diabetic Heart. J Lipid Atheroscler 2020; 9:92-109. [PMID: 32821724 PMCID: PMC7379068 DOI: 10.12997/jla.2020.9.1.92] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In type 2 diabetes (T2D), the leading cause of death is cardiovascular complications. One mechanism contributing to cardiac pathogenesis is alterations in metabolism, with the diabetic heart exhibiting increased fatty acid oxidation and reduced glucose utilisation. The processes classically thought to underlie this metabolic shift include the Randle cycle and changes to gene expression. More recently, alternative mechanisms have been proposed, most notably, changes in post-translational modification of mitochondrial proteins in the heart. This increased understanding of how metabolism is altered in the diabetic heart has highlighted new therapeutic targets, with an aim to improve cardiac function in T2D. This review focuses on metabolism in the healthy heart and how this is modified in T2D, providing evidence for the mechanisms underlying this shift. There will be emphasis on the current treatments for the heart in diabetes, alongside efforts for metabocentric pharmacological therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura J Mereweather
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Lisa C Heather
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Athithan L, Gulsin GS, McCann GP, Levelt E. Diabetic cardiomyopathy: Pathophysiology, theories and evidence to date. World J Diabetes 2019; 10:490-510. [PMID: 31641426 PMCID: PMC6801309 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v10.i10.490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) has increased worldwide and doubled over the last two decades. It features among the top 10 causes of mortality and morbidity in the world. Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of complications in diabetes and within this, heart failure has been shown to be the leading cause of emergency admissions in the United Kingdom. There are many hypotheses and well-evidenced mechanisms by which diabetic cardiomyopathy as an entity develops. This review aims to give an overview of these mechanisms, with particular emphasis on metabolic inflexibility. T2D is associated with inefficient substrate utilisation, an inability to increase glucose metabolism and dependence on fatty acid oxidation within the diabetic heart resulting in mitochondrial uncoupling, glucotoxicity, lipotoxicity and initially subclinical cardiac dysfunction and finally in overt heart failure. The review also gives a concise update on developments within clinical imaging, specifically cardiac magnetic resonance studies to characterise and phenotype early cardiac dysfunction in T2D. A better understanding of the pathophysiology involved provides a platform for targeted therapy in diabetes to prevent the development of early heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lavanya Athithan
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester LE3 9QP, United Kingdom
| | - Gaurav S Gulsin
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester LE3 9QP, United Kingdom
| | - Gerald P McCann
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester LE3 9QP, United Kingdom
| | - Eylem Levelt
- Multidisciplinary Cardiovascular Research Centre and Biomedical Imaging Science Department, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LF9 7TF, United Kingdom
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Altamimi TR, Gao S, Karwi QG, Fukushima A, Rawat S, Wagg CS, Zhang L, Lopaschuk GD. Adropin regulates cardiac energy metabolism and improves cardiac function and efficiency. Metabolism 2019; 98:37-48. [PMID: 31202835 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2019.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impaired cardiac insulin signalling and high cardiac fatty acid oxidation rates are characteristics of conditions of insulin resistance and diabetic cardiomyopathies. The potential role of liver-derived peptides such as adropin in mediating these changes in cardiac energy metabolism is unclear, despite the fact that in skeletal muscle adropin can preferentially promote glucose metabolism and improve insulin sensitivity. OBJECTIVES To determine the influence of adropin on cardiac energy metabolism, insulin signalling and cardiac efficiency. METHODS C57Bl/6 mice were injected with either vehicle or a secretable form of adropin (450 nmol/kg, i.p.) three times over a 24-h period. The mice were fasted to accentuate the differences between animals in adropin plasma levels before their hearts were isolated and perfused using a working heart system. In addition, direct addition of adropin to the perfusate of ex vivo hearts isolated from non-fasting mice was utilized to investigate the acute effects of the peptide on heart metabolism and ex vivo function. RESULTS In contrast to the observed fasting-induced predominance of fatty acid oxidation as a source of ATP production in control hearts, insulin inhibition of fatty acid oxidation was preserved by adropin treatment. Adropin-treated mouse hearts also showed a higher cardiac work, which was accompanied by improved cardiac efficiency and enhanced insulin signalling compared to control hearts. Interestingly, acute adropin administration to isolated working hearts also resulted in an inhibition of fatty acid oxidation, accompanied by a robust stimulation of glucose oxidation compared to vehicle-treated hearts. Adropin also increased activation of downstream cardiac insulin signalling. Moreover, both in vivo and ex vivo treatment protocols induced a reduction in the inhibitory phosphorylation of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH), the major enzyme of glucose oxidation, and the protein levels of the responsible kinase PDH kinase 4 and the insulin-signalling inhibitory phosphorylation of JNK (p-T183/Y185) and IRS-1 (p-S307), suggesting acute receptor- and/or post-translational modification-mediated mechanisms. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that adropin has important effects on energy metabolism in the heart and may be a putative candidate for the treatment of cardiac disease associated with impaired insulin sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tariq R Altamimi
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, Department of Pediatrics, 423 Heritage Medical Research Building, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2S2, Canada
| | - Su Gao
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, Department of Pediatrics, 423 Heritage Medical Research Building, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2S2, Canada
| | - Qutuba G Karwi
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, Department of Pediatrics, 423 Heritage Medical Research Building, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2S2, Canada; Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Diyala, Diyala, Iraq
| | - Arata Fukushima
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-15, Nishi-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan
| | - Sonia Rawat
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, Department of Pediatrics, 423 Heritage Medical Research Building, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2S2, Canada
| | - Cory S Wagg
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, Department of Pediatrics, 423 Heritage Medical Research Building, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2S2, Canada
| | - Liyan Zhang
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, Department of Pediatrics, 423 Heritage Medical Research Building, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2S2, Canada
| | - Gary D Lopaschuk
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, Department of Pediatrics, 423 Heritage Medical Research Building, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2S2, Canada.
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Solaiyappan M, Weiss RG, Bottomley PA. Neural-network classification of cardiac disease from 31P cardiovascular magnetic resonance spectroscopy measures of creatine kinase energy metabolism. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2019; 21:49. [PMID: 31401975 PMCID: PMC6689869 DOI: 10.1186/s12968-019-0560-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The heart's energy demand per gram of tissue is the body's highest and creatine kinase (CK) metabolism, its primary energy reserve, is compromised in common heart diseases. Here, neural-network analysis is used to test whether noninvasive phosphorus (31P) cardiovascular magnetic resonance spectroscopy (CMRS) measurements of cardiac adenosine triphosphate (ATP) energy, phosphocreatine (PCr), the first-order CK reaction rate kf, and the rate of ATP synthesis through CK (CK flux), can predict specific human heart disease and clinical severity. METHODS The data comprised the extant 178 complete sets of PCr and ATP concentrations, kf, and CK flux data from human CMRS studies performed on clinical 1.5 and 3 Tesla scanners. Healthy subjects and patients with nonischemic cardiomyopathy, dilated (DCM) or hypertrophic disease, New York Heart Association (NYHA) class I-IV heart failure (HF), or with anterior myocardial infarction are included. Three-layer neural-networks were created to classify disease and to differentiate DCM, hypertrophy and clinical NYHA class in HF patients using leave-one-out training. Network performance was assessed using 'confusion matrices' and 'area-under-the-curve' (AUC) analyses of 'receiver operating curves'. Possible methodological bias and network imbalance were tested by segregating 1.5 and 3 Tesla data, and by data augmentation by random interpolation of nearest neighbors, respectively. RESULTS The network differentiated healthy, HF and non-HF cardiac disease with an overall accuracy of 84% and AUC > 90% for each category using the four CK metabolic parameters, alone. HF patients with DCM, hypertrophy, and different NYHA severity were differentiated with ~ 80% overall accuracy independent of CMRS methodology. CONCLUSIONS While sample-size was limited in some sub-classes, a neural network classifier applied to noninvasive cardiac 31P CMRS data, could serve as a metabolic biomarker for common disease types and HF severity with clinically-relevant accuracy. Moreover, the network's ability to individually classify disease and HF severity using CK metabolism alone, implies an intimate relationship between CK metabolism and disease, with subtle underlying phenotypic differences that enable their differentiation. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00181259.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiyappan Solaiyappan
- Division of MR Research, Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Park Bldg. 310, 600 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA
| | - Robert G. Weiss
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Paul A. Bottomley
- Division of MR Research, Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Park Bldg. 310, 600 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA
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Zhao Y, Song W, Wang L, Rane MJ, Han F, Cai L. Multiple roles of KLF15 in the heart: Underlying mechanisms and therapeutic implications. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2019; 129:193-196. [PMID: 30831134 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2019.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Although there is an increasing understanding of the signaling pathways that promote cardiac hypertrophy, negative regulatory factors of this process have received less attention. Increasing evidence indicates that Krüppel-like factor 15 (KLF15) plays an important role in maintaining cardiac function by controlling the transcriptional pathways that regulating cardiac metabolism. Recent studies have also revealed a vital role for KLF15 as an inhibitor of pathological cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis via its effects on factors such as myocyte enhancer factor 2 (MEF2), GATA-binding protein 4 (GATA4), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), and myocardin. KLF15 may therefore be an effective therapeutic target for the treatment of heart failure and other cardiovascular diseases. In this review, we focus on the physiological and pathophysiological roles of KLF15 in the heart and the potential mechanisms through which KLF15 is regulated in various cardiac diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuguang Zhao
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Wenjing Song
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Lizhe Wang
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Madhavi J Rane
- Departments of Medicine, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Fujun Han
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China.
| | - Lu Cai
- Pediatric Research Institute, Departments of Pediatrics, Radiation Oncology, Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA.
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Batushansky A, Matsuzaki S, Newhardt MF, West MS, Griffin TM, Humphries KM. GC-MS metabolic profiling reveals fructose-2,6-bisphosphate regulates branched chain amino acid metabolism in the heart during fasting. Metabolomics 2019; 15:18. [PMID: 30830475 PMCID: PMC6478396 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-019-1478-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION As an insulin sensitive tissue, the heart decreases glucose usage during fasting. This response is mediated, in part, by decreasing phosphofructokinase-2 (PFK-2) activity and levels of its product fructose-2,6-bisphosphate. However, the importance of fructose-2,6-bisphosphate in the fasting response on other metabolic pathways has not been evaluated. OBJECTIVES The goal of this study is to determine how sustaining cardiac fructose-2,6-bisphosphate levels during fasting affects the metabolomic profile. METHODS Control and transgenic mice expressing a constitutively active form of PFK-2 (GlycoHi) were subjected to either 12-h fasting or regular feeding. Animals (n = 4 per group) were used for whole-heart extraction, followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry metabolic profiling and multivariate data analysis. RESULTS Principal component analysis displayed differences between Control and GlycoHi groups under both fasting and fed conditions while a clear response to fasting was observed only for Control animals. However, pathway analysis revealed that these smaller changes in the GlycoHi group were significantly associated with branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) metabolism (~ 40% increase in all BCAAs). Correlation network analysis demonstrated clear differences in response to fasting between Control and GlycoHi groups amongst most parameters. Notably, fasting caused an increase in network density in the Control group from 0.12 to 0.14 while the GlycoHi group responded oppositely (0.17-0.15). CONCLUSIONS Elevated cardiac PFK-2 activity during fasting selectively increases BCAAs levels and decreases global changes in metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Batushansky
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, US
| | - Satoshi Matsuzaki
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, US
| | - Maria F Newhardt
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, US
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, US
| | - Melinda S West
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, US
| | - Timothy M Griffin
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, US
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, US
- Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, US
| | - Kenneth M Humphries
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, US.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, US.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic abnormalities have been implicated as a causal event in diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). However, the mechanisms underlying cardiac metabolic disorder in DCM were not fully understood. RESULTS Db/db mice, palmitate treated H9c2 cells and primary neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were employed in the current study. Microarray data analysis revealed that PGC-1β may play an important role in DCM. Downregulation of PGC-1β relieved palmitate induced cardiac metabolism shift to fatty acids use and relevant lipotoxicity in vitro. Bioinformatics coupled with biochemical validation was used to confirm that PGC-1β was one of the direct targets of miR-30c. Remarkably, overexpression of miR-30c by rAAV system improved glucose utilization, reduced excessive reactive oxygen species production and myocardial lipid accumulation, and subsequently attenuated cardiomyocyte apoptosis and cardiac dysfunction in db/db mice. Similar effects were also observed in cultured cells. More importantly, miR-30c overexpression as well as PGC-1β knockdown reduced the transcriptional activity of PPARα, and the effects of miR-30c on PPARα was almost abated by PGC-1β knockdown. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrated a protective role of miR-30c in cardiac metabolism in diabetes via targeting PGC-1β, and suggested that modulation of PGC-1β by miR-30c may provide a therapeutic approach for DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongwei Yin
- Division of Cardiology and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Yanru Zhao
- Division of Cardiology and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Mengying He
- Division of Cardiology and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Huaping Li
- Division of Cardiology and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Jiahui Fan
- Division of Cardiology and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Xiang Nie
- Division of Cardiology and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Mengwen Yan
- Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No. 2 Yinghua Dongjie, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Chen Chen
- Division of Cardiology and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Dao Wen Wang
- Division of Cardiology and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
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Gabr RE, El-Sharkawy AMM, Schär M, Panjrath GS, Gerstenblith G, Weiss RG, Bottomley PA. Cardiac work is related to creatine kinase energy supply in human heart failure: a cardiovascular magnetic resonance spectroscopy study. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2018; 20:81. [PMID: 30526611 PMCID: PMC6287363 DOI: 10.1186/s12968-018-0491-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been hypothesized that the supply of chemical energy may be insufficient to fuel normal mechanical pump function in heart failure (HF). The creatine kinase (CK) reaction serves as the heart's primary energy reserve, and the supply of adenosine triphosphate (ATP flux) it provides is reduced in human HF. However, the relationship between the CK energy supply and the mechanical energy expended has never been quantified in the human heart. This study tests whether reduced CK energy supply is associated with reduced mechanical work in HF patients. METHODS Cardiac mechanical work and CK flux in W/kg, and mechanical efficiency were measured noninvasively at rest using cardiac pressure-volume loops, magnetic resonance imaging and phosphorus spectroscopy in 14 healthy subjects and 27 patients with mild-to-moderate HF. RESULTS In HF, the resting CK flux (126 ± 46 vs. 179 ± 50 W/kg, p < 0.002), the average (6.8 ± 3.1 vs. 10.1 ± 1.5 W/kg, p <0.001) and the peak (32 ± 14 vs. 48 ± 8 W/kg, p < 0.001) cardiac mechanical work-rates, as well as the cardiac mechanical efficiency (53% ± 16 vs. 79% ± 3, p < 0.001), were all reduced by a third compared to healthy subjects. In addition, cardiac CK flux correlated with the resting peak and average mechanical power (p < 0.01), and with mechanical efficiency (p = 0.002). CONCLUSION These first noninvasive findings showing that cardiac mechanical work and efficiency in mild-to-moderate human HF decrease proportionately with CK ATP energy supply, are consistent with the energy deprivation hypothesis of HF. CK energy supply exceeds mechanical work at rest but lies within a range that may be limiting with moderate activity, and thus presents a promising target for HF treatment. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00181259 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Refaat E. Gabr
- Division of MR Research, Department of Radiology, The Johns Hopkins University, Park Building, 600 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas USA
| | - AbdEl-Monem M. El-Sharkawy
- Division of MR Research, Department of Radiology, The Johns Hopkins University, Park Building, 600 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA
- Systems and Biomedical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Michael Schär
- Division of MR Research, Department of Radiology, The Johns Hopkins University, Park Building, 600 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA
| | - Gurusher S. Panjrath
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD USA
- The GW Heart and Vascular Institute, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington DC, USA
| | - Gary Gerstenblith
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Robert G. Weiss
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Paul A. Bottomley
- Division of MR Research, Department of Radiology, The Johns Hopkins University, Park Building, 600 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA
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Edwards KS, Ashraf S, Lomax TM, Wiseman JM, Hall ME, Gava FN, Hall JE, Hosler JP, Harmancey R. Uncoupling protein 3 deficiency impairs myocardial fatty acid oxidation and contractile recovery following ischemia/reperfusion. Basic Res Cardiol 2018; 113:47. [PMID: 30374710 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-018-0707-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Patients with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes have poor cardiac outcomes following myocardial infarction (MI). The mitochondrial uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3) is down-regulated in the heart with insulin resistance. We hypothesized that decreased UCP3 levels contribute to poor cardiac recovery following ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). After confirming that myocardial UCP3 levels were systematically decreased by 20-49% in animal models of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes, we genetically engineered Sprague-Dawley rats with partial loss of UCP3 (ucp3+/-). Wild-type littermates (ucp3+/+) were used as controls. Isolated working hearts from ucp3+/- rats were characterized by impaired recovery of cardiac power and decreased long-chain fatty acid (LCFA) oxidation following I/R. Mitochondria isolated from ucp3+/- hearts subjected to I/R in vivo displayed increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and decreased respiratory complex I activity. Supplying ucp3+/- cardiac mitochondria with the medium-chain fatty acid (MCFA) octanoate slowed electron transport through the respiratory chain and reduced ROS generation. This was accompanied by improvement of cardiac LCFA oxidation and recovery of contractile function post ischemia. In conclusion, we demonstrated that normal cardiac UCP3 levels are essential to recovery of LCFA oxidation, mitochondrial respiratory capacity, and contractile function following I/R. These results reveal a potential mechanism for the poor prognosis of type 2 diabetic patients following MI and expose MCFA supplementation as a feasible metabolic intervention to improve recovery of these patients at reperfusion.
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Birkenfeld AL, Jordan J, Dworak M, Merkel T, Burnstock G. Myocardial metabolism in heart failure: Purinergic signalling and other metabolic concepts. Pharmacol Ther 2018; 194:132-144. [PMID: 30149104 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2018.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Despite significant therapeutic advances in heart failure (HF) therapy, the morbidity and mortality associated with this disease remains unacceptably high. The concept of metabolic dysfunction as an important underlying mechanism in HF is well established. Cardiac function is inextricably linked to metabolism, with dysregulation of cardiac metabolism pathways implicated in a range of cardiac complications, including HF. Modulation of cardiac metabolism has therefore become an attractive clinical target. Cardiac metabolism is based on the integration of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production and utilization pathways. ATP itself impacts the heart not only by providing energy, but also represents a central element in the purinergic signaling pathway, which has received considerable attention in recent years. Furthermore, novel drugs that have received interest in HF include angiotensin receptor blocker-neprilysin inhibitor (ARNi) and sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors, whose favorable cardiovascular profile has been at least partly attributed to their effects on metabolism. This review, describes the major metabolic pathways and concepts of the healthy heart (including fatty acid oxidation, glycolysis, Krebs cycle, Randle cycle, and purinergic signaling) and their dysregulation in the progression to HF (including ketone and amino acid metabolism). The cardiac implications of HF comorbidities, including metabolic syndrome, diabetes mellitus and cachexia are also discussed. Finally, the impact of current HF and diabetes therapies on cardiac metabolism pathways and the relevance of this knowledge for current clinical practice is discussed. Targeting cardiac metabolism may have utility for the future treatment of patients with HF, complementing current approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas L Birkenfeld
- Medical Clinic III, Universitätsklinikum "Carl Gustav Carus", Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden, Helmholtz Center Munich, University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Dresden, German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Neuherberg, Germany; Division of Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, Rayne Institute, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Jens Jordan
- Institute of Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center and Chair of Aerospace Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | | | - Geoffrey Burnstock
- Autonomic Neuroscience Centre, Royal Free Campus, University College Medical School, London, UK; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
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De Jong KA, Barrand S, Wood-Bradley RJ, de Almeida DL, Czeczor JK, Lopaschuk GD, Armitage JA, McGee SL. Maternal high fat diet induces early cardiac hypertrophy and alters cardiac metabolism in Sprague Dawley rat offspring. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2018; 28:600-609. [PMID: 29691147 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2018.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Revised: 02/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Maternal high fat diets (mHFD) have been associated with an increased offspring cardiovascular risk. Recently we found that the class IIa HDAC-MEF2 pathway regulates gene programs controlling fatty acid oxidation in striated muscle. This same pathway controls hypertrophic responses in the heart. We hypothesized that mHFD is associated with activation of signal controlling class II a HDAC activity and activation of genes involved in fatty acid oxidation and cardiac hypertrophy in offspring. METHODS AND RESULTS Female Sprague Dawley rats were fed either normal fat diet (12%) or high fat diet (43%) three weeks prior to mating, remaining on diets until study completion. Hearts of postnatal day 1 (PN1) and PN10 pups were collected. Bioenergetics and respiration analyses were performed in neonatal ventricular cardiomyocytes (NVCM). In offspring exposed to mHFD, body weight was increased at PN10 accompanied by increased body fat percentage and blood glucose. Heart weight and heart weight to body weight ratio were increased at PN1 and PN10, and were associated with elevated signalling through the AMPK-class IIa HDAC-MEF2 axis. The expression of the MEF2-regulated hypertrophic markers ANP and BNP were increased as were expression of genes involved in fatty acid oxidation. However this was only accompanied by an increased protein expression of fatty acid oxidation enzymes at PN10. NVCM isolated from these pups exhibited increased glycolysis and an impaired substrate flexibility. CONCLUSION Combined, these results suggest that mHFD induces signalling and transcriptional events indicative of reprogrammed cardiac metabolism and of cardiac hypertrophy in Sprague Dawley rat offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- K A De Jong
- Metabolic Reprogramming Laboratory, Metabolic Research Unit, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria, Australia.
| | - S Barrand
- Faculty of Health, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria, Australia.
| | - R J Wood-Bradley
- Faculty of Health, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria, Australia.
| | - D L de Almeida
- Faculty of Health, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria, Australia.
| | - J K Czeczor
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Heinrich-Heine University, c/o Auf'm Hennekamp 65, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center of Diabetes Research, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764, München-Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - G D Lopaschuk
- Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada; Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
| | - J A Armitage
- Faculty of Health, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria, Australia.
| | - S L McGee
- Metabolic Reprogramming Laboratory, Metabolic Research Unit, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria, Australia.
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Mizuno Y, Harada E, Nakagawa H, Morikawa Y, Shono M, Kugimiya F, Yoshimura M, Yasue H. The diabetic heart utilizes ketone bodies as an energy source. Metabolism 2017; 77:65-72. [PMID: 29132539 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2017.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic heart is characterized by failure of insulin to increase glucose uptake and increasingly relies on free fatty acids (FFAs) as a source of fuel in animal models. However, it is not well known how cardiac energy metabolism is altered in diabetic hearts in humans. We examined cardiac fuel metabolism in the diabetics as compared to non-diabetics who underwent cardiac catheterization for heart diseases. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study subjects comprised 81 patients (male 55, female 26, average age 63.0±10.0years) who underwent the cardiac catheterization for heart diseases. Thirty-six patients were diagnosed as diabetics (diabetic group) and 45 as non-diabetics (non-diabetic group). Blood samplings were done in both the aortic root (Ao) and coronary sinus (CS) simultaneously and the plasma levels of FFAs, glucose, lactate, pyruvate, total ketone bodies and β-hydroxybutyrate were measured and compared between the two groups. RESULTS The myocardial uptake of glucose, lactate and pyruvate were decreased, whereas those of total ketone bodies, β-hydroxybutyrate and acetoacetate were increased in the diabetics as compared to the non-diabetics. However, the myocardial uptakes of FFAs were not significantly increased in the diabetics as compared to the non-diabetics. CONCLUSIONS Cardiac uptakes of carbohydrate (glucose, lactate and pyruvate) were decreased, whereas those of total ketone bodies and β-hydroxybutyrate were increased in the diabetics as compared to the non-diabetics in humans. Ketone bodies therefore are utilized as an energy source partially replacing glucose in the human diabetic heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Mizuno
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kumamoto Aging Research Institute, Kumamoto, Japan.
| | - Eisaku Harada
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kumamoto Aging Research Institute, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Nakagawa
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Morikawa
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Minami-nara General Medical Center, Japan
| | - Makoto Shono
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kumamoto Aging Research Institute, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Fumihito Kugimiya
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kumamoto Aging Research Institute, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Michihiro Yoshimura
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Yasue
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kumamoto Aging Research Institute, Kumamoto, Japan
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Kanaan GN, Ichim B, Gharibeh L, Maharsy W, Patten DA, Xuan JY, Reunov A, Marshall P, Veinot J, Menzies K, Nemer M, Harper ME. Glutaredoxin-2 controls cardiac mitochondrial dynamics and energetics in mice, and protects against human cardiac pathologies. Redox Biol 2017; 14:509-521. [PMID: 29101900 PMCID: PMC5675898 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2017.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Glutaredoxin 2 (GRX2), a mitochondrial glutathione-dependent oxidoreductase, is central to glutathione homeostasis and mitochondrial redox, which is crucial in highly metabolic tissues like the heart. Previous research showed that absence of Grx2, leads to impaired mitochondrial complex I function, hypertension and cardiac hypertrophy in mice but the impact on mitochondrial structure and function in intact cardiomyocytes and in humans has not been explored. We hypothesized that Grx2 controls cardiac mitochondrial dynamics and function in cellular and mouse models, and that low expression is associated with human cardiac dysfunction. Here we show that Grx2 absence impairs mitochondrial fusion, ultrastructure and energetics in primary cardiomyocytes and cardiac tissue. Moreover, provision of the glutathione precursor, N-acetylcysteine (NAC) to Grx2-/- mice did not restore glutathione redox or prevent impairments. Using genetic and histopathological data from the human Genotype-Tissue Expression consortium we demonstrate that low GRX2 is associated with fibrosis, hypertrophy, and infarct in the left ventricle. Altogether, GRX2 is important in the control of cardiac mitochondrial structure and function, and protects against human cardiac pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georges N Kanaan
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, and Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Faculty of Medicine, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1H 8M5
| | - Bianca Ichim
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, and Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Faculty of Medicine, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1H 8M5
| | - Lara Gharibeh
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, and Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Faculty of Medicine, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1H 8M5
| | - Wael Maharsy
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, and Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Faculty of Medicine, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1H 8M5
| | - David A Patten
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, and Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Faculty of Medicine, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1H 8M5
| | - Jian Ying Xuan
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, and Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Faculty of Medicine, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1H 8M5
| | - Arkadiy Reunov
- Ottawa Heart Institute, University of Ottawa, 40 Ruskin Street, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1Y 4W7
| | - Philip Marshall
- Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Faculty of Health Sciences, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1H 8M5
| | - John Veinot
- Ottawa Heart Institute, University of Ottawa, 40 Ruskin Street, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1Y 4W7; The Ottawa Hospital, 501 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1H8L6; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, and University of Ottawa, Faculty of Medicine, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1H 8M5
| | - Keir Menzies
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, and Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Faculty of Medicine, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1H 8M5; Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Faculty of Health Sciences, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1H 8M5
| | - Mona Nemer
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, and Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Faculty of Medicine, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1H 8M5
| | - Mary-Ellen Harper
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, and Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Faculty of Medicine, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1H 8M5.
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Abstract
Cardiac metabolism is highly adaptive to changes in fuel availability and the energy demand of the heart. This metabolic flexibility is key for the heart to maintain its output during the development and in response to stress. Alterations in substrate preference have been observed in multiple disease states; a clear understanding of their impact on cardiac function in the long term is critical for the development of metabolic therapies. In addition, the contribution of cellular metabolism to growth, survival, and other signalling pathways through the generation of metabolic intermediates has been increasingly noted, adding another layer of complexity to the impact of metabolism on cardiac function. In a quest to understand the complexity of the cardiac metabolic network, genetic tools have been engaged to manipulate cardiac metabolism in a variety of mouse models. The ability to engineer cardiac metabolism in vivo has provided tremendous insights and brought about conceptual innovations. In this review, we will provide an overview of the cardiac metabolic network and highlight alterations observed during cardiac development and pathological hypertrophy. We will focus on consequences of altered substrate preference on cardiac response to chronic stresses through energy providing and non-energy providing pathways.
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