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Alokley AA, Alhubail FM, Al Omair AM, Alturki RA, Alhaddad RM, Al Mousa AM, Busbait SA, Alnaim MA. Assessing the perception of Parkinson's disease in Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia among the visitors of a public campaign: before and after survey. Front Neurol 2024; 15:1365339. [PMID: 38633531 PMCID: PMC11021784 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1365339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Insufficient knowledge and beliefs hinder the early diagnosis and provision of adequate treatment and care for PD patients, causing socio-economic burdens. Raising public awareness and understanding the knowledge gap is crucial for effective educational programs and early detection. This study aims to assess the perception of Parkinson's disease (PD) among visitors of a public campaign conducted to raise PD awareness and knowledge to facilitate early detection and management. Methods A before-and-after study was conducted from May to June 2023, to assess the perception of PD among a public PD campaign visitors in Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia. The campaign included educational booths discussing PD symptoms, causes, diagnosis, management, and support. Participants completed a self-administered online questionnaire before and after the campaign. The data were analyzed using SPSS. Results The study included 48 eligible individuals. The mean knowledge score was significantly enhanced following the campaign, rising from 12 to 17.77 points (p < 0.05). The symptoms of PD that showed a significant difference were slow movement, tremors, depression, memory problems, and sleep problems. The campaign had a beneficial effect on participants' general understanding of PD. Discussion The study showed that public awareness campaigns successfully raised community awareness of PD. Participants' knowledge improved after the campaign, highlighting its positive effect. Further research could explore measuring the continuity of awareness over a longer period and its impact on improving patients' lives and could expand the sample size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alia A. Alokley
- Faculty of Neurology Department, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Hofuf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatimah M. Alhubail
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah M. Al Omair
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rawan A. Alturki
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rabab M. Alhaddad
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali M. Al Mousa
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah A. Busbait
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A. Alnaim
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
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Habchy P, Tahan L, Moussi C, Barakat MA, Ghanem L, Kattan O, Njeim A, Abou Habib L, El Bitar W, El Asmar B, Chahine MN. Referrals and Determinant Factors of a National School Health Campaign in Lebanon on Children Aged between 3 and 12 Years Old. Children (Basel) 2024; 11:175. [PMID: 38397287 PMCID: PMC10886849 DOI: 10.3390/children11020175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
In this extensive study examining the health of 7184 school children aged 3 to 12 in 27 Lebanese schools, screenings involved medical evaluation and interviews, complemented by phone interviews with 3880 parents. Notably, one in two students received a medical referral, revealing prevalent issues such as dental cavities (33%), under-vaccination (25%), undetected vision problems (13%), abnormal growth (6%), underweight (27%), and overweight (33%). Additional concerns encompassed abnormal vital signs (3%), abuse signs (0.6%), infectious skin lesions (1.6%), scoliosis (1.7%), abnormal auscultation (heart 1.1%, lungs 1.2%), ear problems (3.3%), precocious puberty (0.7%), and neurologic signs (0.6%). Mental health challenges affected 20-25% of students. Public schools and Beirut exhibited higher referral rates, with girls, older children, overweight students, those lacking regular pediatrician visits, and children of self-employed or less educated parents facing elevated referral rates. In contrast, children of healthcare workers experienced fewer referrals. Against this backdrop, the study emphasizes the imperative for targeted health initiatives, particularly in marginalized areas and for socioeconomically disadvantaged students. Priority areas include dental care, weight issues, mental health, vaccination compliance, and addressing vision problems to enhance learning outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Habchy
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Hadath 1519, Lebanon; (P.H.); (L.T.); (C.M.); (M.A.B.); (L.G.); (O.K.); (A.N.)
| | - Léa Tahan
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Hadath 1519, Lebanon; (P.H.); (L.T.); (C.M.); (M.A.B.); (L.G.); (O.K.); (A.N.)
| | - Charbel Moussi
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Hadath 1519, Lebanon; (P.H.); (L.T.); (C.M.); (M.A.B.); (L.G.); (O.K.); (A.N.)
| | - Muhammad A. Barakat
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Hadath 1519, Lebanon; (P.H.); (L.T.); (C.M.); (M.A.B.); (L.G.); (O.K.); (A.N.)
| | - Laura Ghanem
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Hadath 1519, Lebanon; (P.H.); (L.T.); (C.M.); (M.A.B.); (L.G.); (O.K.); (A.N.)
| | - Ogarite Kattan
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Hadath 1519, Lebanon; (P.H.); (L.T.); (C.M.); (M.A.B.); (L.G.); (O.K.); (A.N.)
| | - Alain Njeim
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Hadath 1519, Lebanon; (P.H.); (L.T.); (C.M.); (M.A.B.); (L.G.); (O.K.); (A.N.)
| | - Leila Abou Habib
- Lebanese Association of the Knights of Malta (Order of Malta Lebanon), Vanlian Bldg, 6th Fl. City Rama Str. Dekwaneh, Beirut P.O. Box 11-4286, Lebanon; (L.A.H.); (W.E.B.); (B.E.A.)
| | - Wassim El Bitar
- Lebanese Association of the Knights of Malta (Order of Malta Lebanon), Vanlian Bldg, 6th Fl. City Rama Str. Dekwaneh, Beirut P.O. Box 11-4286, Lebanon; (L.A.H.); (W.E.B.); (B.E.A.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Bellevue Medical Center University Hospital, Mansourieh P.O. Box 295, Lebanon
| | - Béchara El Asmar
- Lebanese Association of the Knights of Malta (Order of Malta Lebanon), Vanlian Bldg, 6th Fl. City Rama Str. Dekwaneh, Beirut P.O. Box 11-4286, Lebanon; (L.A.H.); (W.E.B.); (B.E.A.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut P.O. Box 17-5208, Lebanon
- Department of Cardiology, Hotel-Dieu de France Hospital, Achrafieh, Beirut 1100, Lebanon
| | - Mirna N. Chahine
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Hadath 1519, Lebanon; (P.H.); (L.T.); (C.M.); (M.A.B.); (L.G.); (O.K.); (A.N.)
- Lebanese Association of the Knights of Malta (Order of Malta Lebanon), Vanlian Bldg, 6th Fl. City Rama Str. Dekwaneh, Beirut P.O. Box 11-4286, Lebanon; (L.A.H.); (W.E.B.); (B.E.A.)
- Basic Sciences Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Hadath 1519, Lebanon
- Foundation-Medical Research Institutes (F-MRI), Achrafieh, Beirut 1100, Lebanon
- Foundation-Medical Research Institutes (F-MRI), 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
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Dunn Silesky M, Sittig J, Panchal D, Bonnevie E. Digital Volunteers as Trusted Public Health Communicators. Health Promot Pract 2023:15248399231221158. [PMID: 38158820 DOI: 10.1177/15248399231221158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social media influencers are increasingly being positioned by health campaigns as trusted messengers who can share public health information with their communities. There is also an opportunity for campaigns to work with unpaid, digital volunteers (DVs) who want to use their platforms for good, despite not being compensated. DVs are a cost-effective way of supplementing an influencer-driven messaging campaign. EVALUATION APPROACH Our influencer and DV network, El Beacon, aims to spread pro-COVID-19 vaccination messages on social media to the Hispanic community. Since 2021, 3,001 DVs have been recruited. Process metrics related to DVs are tracked using a variety of software including Facebook ads manager, Sprout Social, and Hubspot. Metrics received include the number of volunteer sign-ups, cost per lead generated, ad performance, organic and paid impressions and engagement of ads and El Beacon social content, newsletter open rates, newsletter clickthrough rates, and newsletter engagement. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Understanding best practices for recruiting and retaining DVs for a public health campaign can help other practitioners optimize their experience working with DVs. Some of these best practices include: identify a specific DV target audience that will be most receptive to your message and best reached by your recruitment efforts, be responsive to what resonates with your DVs, be flexible in how you define "network engagement," and use paid influencers to help build momentum.
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Yan J, Ji J, Gao L. From Health Campaign to Interpersonal Communication: Does Traditional Diet Culture Hinder the Communication of the Chinese Gongkuai Campaign? Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:9992. [PMID: 36011627 PMCID: PMC9407717 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19169992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Interpersonal communication is beneficial in promoting individuals' tendency to accept health-campaign-targeted behavior. Based on the protective action decision model, this study investigated the key factors underlying individual's interpersonal communication on the Gongkuai campaign, which was carried out during Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The main goal of the Gongkuai campaign was to change traditional communal eating habits and reduce public health risks. An online questionnaire survey involving 618 respondents was conducted in China after the 2020 Gongkuai campaign propagated, and the data were analyzed by using the structural equation modeling technique. The results indicated that health campaign exposure is a critical determinant of perceived campaign-related knowledge and health risk perception, which are significant predictors of interpersonal communication. Meanwhile, campaign-related knowledge can elicit risk perception. Furthermore, campaign exposure influenced interpersonal communication in ways that traditional diet culture did not predict. Risk perception was also unaffected by traditional diet culture. It is worth noting that individuals' agreement with traditional diet culture does not hinder health campaign-generated interpersonal communication in the context of public health crisis. Based on the findings, theoretical and policy implications for motivating interpersonal communication were discussed, and research limitations were pointed out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yan
- School of Health Service Management, Anhui Medical University, No. 81, Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Jing Ji
- School of Health Service Management, Anhui Medical University, No. 81, Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Lan Gao
- School of Management, University of Science and Technology of China, No. 96, Jinzhai Road, Hefei 230026, China
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Alperstein S, Beach EF. Prioritizing the target audience for a hearing awareness campaign in Australia using the TARPARE model. Health Promot Int 2022:6567644. [PMID: 35415757 DOI: 10.1093/heapro/daac041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hearing loss affects one in six Australians, and it is estimated that around one-third of all hearing loss is preventable. Over the past decade, there have been repeated calls for the development of a national campaign in Australia, aimed at raising the public's awareness of hearing health. We identified six target groups either at risk of developing hearing loss, vulnerable to poor outcomes as a result of untreated hearing loss, or lacking awareness of hearing health services, and applied the TARPARE model as a way of gathering insight into how a national hearing campaign might prioritize these different population segments. An online survey of prominent Australian academics, health practitioners and advocacy professionals with expertise in hearing health and/or public health promotion was created, through which their views on each of six potential target groups that had been identified as likely recipients of a potential hearing health campaign was sought. Young children and caregivers received the highest score based on survey responses and TARPARE criteria. A qualitative analysis of open-ended survey responses from the survey respondents revealed three key themes to consider as part of a potential campaign: Accessibility and availability of hearing services, Deciding on a preventative or treatment-focused approach, and The difficulty of changing behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Alperstein
- National Acoustic Laboratories, Australian Hearing Hub, 16 University Ave, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Francis Beach
- National Acoustic Laboratories, Australian Hearing Hub, 16 University Ave, Macquarie Park, NSW 2109, Australia
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Chen L, Yang X, Huang X. Promoting HPV vaccination on social media: interactive effects of threat, efficacy and social cues. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2021; 17:4442-4456. [PMID: 34623229 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2021.1975449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Women are currently facing a tremendous threat of cervical cancer globally. Social media health campaigns have the potential to shape public health behaviors. This study explores the effects of cervical-cancer-related fear appeal messages with social cues on social media using the extended parallel processing model (EPPM). METHOD We use a 2 (threat: present vs. absent) × 2 (efficacy: present vs. absent) × 2 (social cues: high vs. low) factorial experimental design to examine the effects of fear appeal messages with social cues on behavioral intention to receive the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination. RESULTS There was a significant main effect of threat on the intention to receive HPV vaccination. Additionally, a significant three-way interactive effect among threat, efficacy, and social cues was detected. CONCLUSION Women exposed to threat messages had a higher intention of HPV vaccination compared to those who were exposed to non-threat messages. Furthermore, with the low number of likes, women who were exposed to messages containing both threat and efficacy tended to have the highest intention of HPV vaccination. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS When conducting fear appeal campaigns on social media, the side effects of number of likes should be recognized. For vaccination promotion campaigns, the efficacy information should be more specific and audience-centered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Chen
- School of Journalism and Communication, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaodong Yang
- School of Journalism and Communication, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaocong Huang
- Guangzhou Daily Data Research Analytics Institute, Guangzhou, China
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7
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Boudin P, Hassan F, Massart Y, Mugnier G, Peter F, Veillon J. ['Dites Je Suis Là', a platform to guide the relatives of suicidal people]. Soins Psychiatr 2021; 42:21-23. [PMID: 34144754 DOI: 10.1016/j.spsy.2021.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the 'Dites Je Suis Là' platform is to disseminate a simple, clear and scientifically validated message to the general public to raise awareness of the warning signs of suicide. This awareness-raising campaign complements the existing support systems for suicidal people. Their loved ones can find tools for understanding and questioning their potential as caregivers. If they are willing to support a person in pain, six steps guide them in how to act to prevent suicide. Lifting the taboo around suicidal thoughts, encouraging the use of help and care, and maintaining a sincere and warm relationship are among the key elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Boudin
- Association Dites je suis là, 38 avenue François-Mitterrand, 72000 Le Mans, France
| | - Frédéric Hassan
- Association Dites je suis là, 38 avenue François-Mitterrand, 72000 Le Mans, France
| | - Yann Massart
- Association Dites je suis là, 38 avenue François-Mitterrand, 72000 Le Mans, France
| | - Gabrièle Mugnier
- Association Dites je suis là, 38 avenue François-Mitterrand, 72000 Le Mans, France.
| | - Frédéric Peter
- Association Dites je suis là, 38 avenue François-Mitterrand, 72000 Le Mans, France
| | - Julie Veillon
- Association Dites je suis là, 38 avenue François-Mitterrand, 72000 Le Mans, France
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Majmundar A, Le N, Moran MB, Unger JB, Reuter K. Public Response to a Social Media Tobacco Prevention Campaign: Content Analysis. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2020; 6:e20649. [PMID: 33284120 PMCID: PMC7752523 DOI: 10.2196/20649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Prior research suggests that social media–based public health campaigns are often targeted by countercampaigns. Objective Using reactance theory as the theoretical framework, this research characterizes the nature of public response to tobacco prevention messages disseminated via a social media–based campaign. We also examine whether agreement with the prevention messages is associated with comment tone and nature of the contribution to the overall discussion. Methods User comments to tobacco prevention messages, posted between April 19, 2017 and July 12, 2017, were extracted from Twitter, Facebook, and Instagram. Two coders categorized comments in terms of tone, agreement with message, nature of contribution, mentions of government agency and regulation, promotional or spam comments, and format of comment. Chi-square analyses tested associations between agreement with the message and tone of the public response and the nature of contributions to the discussions. Results Of the 1242 comments received (Twitter: n=1004; Facebook: n=176; Instagram: n=62), many comments used a negative tone (42.75%) and disagreed with the health messages (39.77%), while the majority made healthy contributions to the discussions (84.38%). Only 0.56% of messages mentioned government agencies, and only 0.48% of the comments were antiregulation. Comments employing a positive tone (84.13%) or making healthy contributions (69.11%) were more likely to agree with the campaign messages (P=0.01). Comments employing a negative tone (71.25%) or making toxic contributions (36.26%) generally disagreed with the messages (P=0.01). Conclusions The majority of user comments in response to a tobacco prevention campaign made healthy contributions. Our findings encourage the use of social media to promote dialogue about controversial health topics such as smoking. However, toxicity was characteristic of comments that disagreed with the health messages. Managing negative and toxic comments on social media is a crucial issue for social media–based tobacco prevention campaigns to consider.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuja Majmundar
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - NamQuyen Le
- Southern California Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Meghan Bridgid Moran
- Department of Health, Behavior & Society, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Balltimore, MD, United States
| | - Jennifer B Unger
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Katja Reuter
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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Gonsalves CA, McGannon KR, Pegoraro A. A critical discourse analysis of gendered cardiovascular disease meanings of the #MoreMoments campaign on Twitter. J Health Psychol 2019; 26:1471-1481. [PMID: 31564127 DOI: 10.1177/1359105319878240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to explore how the Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada and Canadian Twitter users linked women's experiences and health identities with the #MoreMoments cardiovascular disease awareness campaign. Critical discourse analysis of Twitter data between September 2017 and November 2017 identified two primary discourses (tragedy and loss, and life and health) and two identity/subject positions (visionary leaders and successful survivors). Responsibility for women's health was attributed to the Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada, also limiting neo-liberal healthism and risk identification. Novel findings included resistance through use of 'small stories' within discourses regarding the targeted demographic for health promotion and knowledge translation.
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Wogu JO, Chukwu CO, Nwafor KA, Ugwuoke JC, Ugwulor-Onyinyechi CC. Assessing the role of the media in the prevention and control of meningitis in Nigeria. J Int Med Res 2019; 48:300060519841168. [PMID: 30983454 PMCID: PMC7140183 DOI: 10.1177/0300060519841168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nigeria has high numbers of meningitis cases and related fatalities almost every
year. This study explored the role of the media in meningitis campaigns using a
documentary method of data gathering and analysis. The research objectives were
to determine if the media played a positive role in campaigns against meningitis
outbreaks in Nigeria and to determine the major obstacles to media coverage of
meningitis outbreaks in Nigeria. The results revealed that the role of the media
in Nigeria during meningitis outbreaks is positive and supportive. However, paid
advertisements and announcements that support the media in health promotion
campaigns were undermined by limited understanding of infectious diseases by
politicians and some media sponsors. Therefore, the authors recommend the
establishment of a permanent funded media structure charged with the
responsibility of grassroots campaigns against meningitis, and the integration
of the media into committees formed to combat the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christiana Ogeri Chukwu
- Department of Mass Communication, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike Ikwo, Abakaliki, Ebonyi, Nigeria
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Kaasalainen K, Kasila K, Komulainen J, Malvela M, Poskiparta M. Changes in Psychosocial Factors and Physical Activity Among Finnish Working-Age Men in the Adventures of Joe Finn Campaign. Int Q Community Health Educ 2018; 39:39-49. [PMID: 30479194 DOI: 10.1177/0272684x18811018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated changes in psychosocial factors and self-reported physical activity (PA) among the sample of Finnish men who underwent the fitness tests during the national health campaign. Another aim was to examine whether the fitness test feedback was a meaningful experience for PA change. Baseline data were collected in 2011 by fitness test and questionnaire. Men who had low/moderate fitness along with overweight ( n = 361) were recruited to the postcampaign study in 2014. Data were analyzed with nonparametric tests, logistic regression analysis, and content analysis. The postcampaign survey was completed by 102 men. Positive PA change was associated with high goals, planning skills, and self-efficacy for PA. One fourth of men recalled that they had surprisingly poor fitness at baseline. This experience was not related to positive PA change. A fitness test may awake motivation, but promotion of self-efficacy and self-regulatory skills is needed to support concrete behavior change.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kirsti Kasila
- 1 Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Jyrki Komulainen
- 2 Fit for Life Program, LIKES Foundation for Promotion of Physical Activity and Public Health, Finland
| | - Miia Malvela
- 2 Fit for Life Program, LIKES Foundation for Promotion of Physical Activity and Public Health, Finland
| | - Marita Poskiparta
- 1 Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Finland
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Harrison TR, Muhamad JW, Yang F, Morgan SE, Talavera E, Caban-Martinez A, Kobetz E. Firefighter attitudes, norms, beliefs, barriers, and behaviors toward post-fire decontamination processes in an era of increased cancer risk. J Occup Environ Hyg 2018; 15:279-284. [PMID: 29283320 DOI: 10.1080/15459624.2017.1416389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Firefighters are exposed to carcinogens such as volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) during fires and from their personal protective equipment (PPE). Recent research has shown that decontamination processes can reduce contamination on both gear and skin. While firefighter cultures that honor dirty gear are changing, little is known about current attitudes and behaviors toward decontamination in the fire service. Four hundred eighty-five firefighters from four departments completed surveys about their attitudes, beliefs, perceived norms, barriers, and behaviors toward post-fire decontamination processes. Overall, firefighters reported positive attitudes, beliefs, and perceived norms about decontamination, but showering after a fire was the only decontamination process that occurred regularly, with field decontamination, use of cleansing wipes, routine gear cleaning, and other behaviors all occurring less frequently. Firefighters reported time and concerns over wet gear as barriers to decontamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler R Harrison
- a Department of Cinema and Interactive Media , University of Miami , Coral Gables , Florida
| | | | - Fan Yang
- c Department of Communication Studies , University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham , Alabama
| | - Susan E Morgan
- a Department of Cinema and Interactive Media , University of Miami , Coral Gables , Florida
| | - Ed Talavera
- a Department of Cinema and Interactive Media , University of Miami , Coral Gables , Florida
| | - Alberto Caban-Martinez
- d Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center , University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine , Miami , Florida
| | - Erin Kobetz
- d Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center , University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine , Miami , Florida
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Miller-Day M, Hecht ML, Krieger JL, Pettigrew J, Shin Y, Graham J. Teacher Narratives and Student Engagement: Testing Narrative Engagement Theory in Drug Prevention Education. J Lang Soc Psychol 2015; 34:604-620. [PMID: 26690668 PMCID: PMC4683106 DOI: 10.1177/0261927x15586429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Testing narrative engagement theory, this study examines student engagement and teachers' spontaneous narratives told in a narrative-based drug prevention curriculum. The study describes the extent to which teachers share their own narratives in a narrative-based curriculum, identifies dominant narrative elements, forms and functions, and assesses the relationships among teacher narratives, overall lesson narrative quality, and student engagement. One hundred videotaped lessons of the keepin' it REAL drug prevention curriculum were coded and the results supported the claim that increased narrative quality of a prevention lesson would be associated with increased student engagement. The quality of narrativity, however, varied widely. Implications of these results for narrative-based prevention interventions and narrative pedagogy are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - YoungJu Shin
- Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
| | - John Graham
- Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania, United States
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Abstract
As a determining factor in various diseases and the leading known cause of preventable mortality and morbidity, tobacco use is the number one public health problem in developed countries. Facing this health problem requires authorities and health professionals to promote, via specific programs, health campaigns that improve patients' access to smoking cessation services. Pharmaceutical care has a number of specific characteristics that enable the pharmacist, as a health professional, to play an active role in dealing with smoking and deliver positive smoking cessation interventions. The objectives of the study were to assess the efficacy of a smoking cessation campaign carried out at a pharmaceutical care center and to evaluate the effects of pharmaceutical care on patients who decide to try to stop smoking. The methodology was an open, analytical, pre-post intervention, quasi-experimental clinical study performed with one patient cohort. The results of the study were that the promotional campaign for the smoking cessation program increased the number of patients from one to 22, and after 12 months into the study, 43.48% of the total number of patients achieved total smoking cessation. We can conclude that advertising of a smoking cessation program in a pharmacy increases the number of patients who use the pharmacy's smoking cessation services, and pharmaceutical care is an effective means of achieving smoking cessation.
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Kotwani P, Kwarisiima D, Clark TD, Kabami J, Geng EH, Jain V, Chamie G, Petersen ML, Thirumurthy H, Kamya MR, Charlebois ED, Havlir DV. Epidemiology and awareness of hypertension in a rural Ugandan community: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2013; 13:1151. [PMID: 24321133 PMCID: PMC3890617 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-13-1151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2013] [Accepted: 12/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertension is one of the largest causes of preventable morbidity and mortality worldwide. There are few population-based studies on hypertension epidemiology to guide public health strategies in sub-Saharan Africa. Using a community-based strategy that integrated screening for HIV and non-communicable diseases, we determined the prevalence, awareness, treatment rates, and sociodemographic factors associated with hypertension in rural Uganda. METHODS A household census was performed to enumerate the population in Kakyerere parish in Mbarara district, Uganda. A multi-disease community-based screening campaign for hypertension, diabetes, and HIV was then conducted. During the campaign, all adults received a blood pressure (BP) measurement and completed a survey examining sociodemographic factors. Hypertension was defined as elevated BP (≥ 140/≥ 90 mmHg) on the lowest of three BP measurements or current use of antihypertensives. Prevalence was calculated and standardized to age distribution. Sociodemographic factors associated with hypertension were evaluated using a log-link Poisson regression model with robust standard errors. RESULTS Community participation in the screening campaign was 65%, including 1245 women and 1007 men. The prevalence of hypertension was 14.6%; awareness of diagnosis (38.1%) and current receipt of treatment (20.6%) were both low. Age-standardized to the WHO world standard population, hypertension prevalence was 19.8%, which is comparable to 21.6% in the US and 18.4% in the UK. Sociodemographic factors associated with hypertension included increasing age, male gender, overweight, obesity, diabetes, alcohol consumption, and family history. Prevalence of modifiable factors was high: 28.3% women were overweight/obese and 24.1% men consumed ≥ 10 alcoholic drinks per month. CONCLUSIONS We found a substantial burden of hypertension in rural Uganda. Awareness and treatment of hypertension is low in this region. Enhanced community-based education and prevention efforts tailored to addressing modifiable factors are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Kotwani
- HIV/AIDS Division, Department of Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital, University of California San Francisco, 995 Potrero Avenue, UCSF Box 0874, San Francisco, California 94110, USA
- Makerere University-University of California San Francisco (MU-UCSF) Research Collaboration, Mbarara, Uganda
| | | | - Tamara D Clark
- HIV/AIDS Division, Department of Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital, University of California San Francisco, 995 Potrero Avenue, UCSF Box 0874, San Francisco, California 94110, USA
- Makerere University-University of California San Francisco (MU-UCSF) Research Collaboration, Mbarara, Uganda
| | - Jane Kabami
- Makerere University-University of California San Francisco (MU-UCSF) Research Collaboration, Mbarara, Uganda
| | - Elvin H Geng
- HIV/AIDS Division, Department of Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital, University of California San Francisco, 995 Potrero Avenue, UCSF Box 0874, San Francisco, California 94110, USA
- Makerere University-University of California San Francisco (MU-UCSF) Research Collaboration, Mbarara, Uganda
| | - Vivek Jain
- HIV/AIDS Division, Department of Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital, University of California San Francisco, 995 Potrero Avenue, UCSF Box 0874, San Francisco, California 94110, USA
- Makerere University-University of California San Francisco (MU-UCSF) Research Collaboration, Mbarara, Uganda
| | - Gabriel Chamie
- HIV/AIDS Division, Department of Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital, University of California San Francisco, 995 Potrero Avenue, UCSF Box 0874, San Francisco, California 94110, USA
- Makerere University-University of California San Francisco (MU-UCSF) Research Collaboration, Mbarara, Uganda
| | - Maya L Petersen
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Harsha Thirumurthy
- Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Moses R Kamya
- Makerere University-University of California San Francisco (MU-UCSF) Research Collaboration, Mbarara, Uganda
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Edwin D Charlebois
- Makerere University-University of California San Francisco (MU-UCSF) Research Collaboration, Mbarara, Uganda
- Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Diane V Havlir
- HIV/AIDS Division, Department of Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital, University of California San Francisco, 995 Potrero Avenue, UCSF Box 0874, San Francisco, California 94110, USA
- Makerere University-University of California San Francisco (MU-UCSF) Research Collaboration, Mbarara, Uganda
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RAMLI A, HENRY LJ, LIANG YF, BEH JY. Effects of a Worksite Health Programme on the Improvement of Physical Health among Overweight and Obese Civil Servants: A Pilot Study. Malays J Med Sci 2013; 20:54-60. [PMID: 24643369 PMCID: PMC3957360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2012] [Accepted: 07/04/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical inactivity and reduced energy expenditure has led to increased obesity among office workers. This study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of a worksite health programme aimed at improving physical health among obese civil servants. METHODS A total of 28 employees participated in a six-month-long obesity health programme, which consisted of two weekly unsupervised exercise sessions and monthly dietary/health education sessions. The physical fitness and body fat percentages of participants were assessed at the baseline and after six months, using SPSS version 20.0. RESULTS The participants were 31.6 years (SD 8.2) of age, and had a BMI of 27.6 kg/m(2) (SD 3.2). The Wilcoxon test showed significant differences in body fat percentage (P = 0.010), gross maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max, P = 0.014), partial curl up repetition (P = 0.001) and sit and reach distance (P = 0.005). However, no significant effects were observed on body mass (P = 0.193), self-perceived level of physical activity (P = 0.145) or behaviour toward exercise (P = 0.393). CONCLUSION The worksite health programme successfully improved the physical fitness and body fat percentages of subjects, despite not improving the subjects' self-perceptions with regard to physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayiesah RAMLI
- School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Leonard Joseph HENRY
- School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - York Fuan LIANG
- School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jyh Yun BEH
- School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Korczak D, Dietl M, Steinhauser G. Effectiveness of programmes as part of primary prevention demonstrated on the example of cardiovascular diseases and the metabolic syndrome. GMS Health Technol Assess 2011; 7:Doc02. [PMID: 21468290 PMCID: PMC3070433 DOI: 10.3205/hta000093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Background The HTA-report (HTA = Health Technology Assessment) deals with the primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus type 2. In 2009 approximately 356,000 people died in Germany due to cardiovascular diseases. According to estimations about 6.3 million people are suffering from diabetes mellitus type 2. The interventions that are subsidized by the public health insurance are mainly focused on sufficient physical activities, healthy nutrition, stress management and the reduction of the consumption of addictive drugs and luxury food. Objectives Which lifestyle-related measures and/or programmes for primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases and of the metabolic syndrome are effective? To what extent will the health status be improved by these offers? To what extent will existing health resources and skills be strengthened by these offers? Are there any differences regarding the effectiveness among the interventions with respect to different settings or subgroups? Which lifestyle-related interventions and/or programmes for primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases and of the metabolic syndrome are sustainable and cost-effective? Which outcome parameters are in the view of the contributors decisive for the evaluation of the effectiveness? In the view of the contributor are there different values between the outcome parameters? In the view of the payers and other actors are there different values between the outcome parameters? Which ethical and juridical factors have to be considered? Which social and/or socio-economic parameters influence the use of the services and effectiveness? Methods A systematic literature research is done in 35 databases. For the period 2005 to 2010, reviews, epidemiological and clinical studies as well as economical evaluations which deal with primary prevention programmes regarding cardiovascular diseases or the metabolic syndrome are included. Results 44 publications meet the inclusion criteria. These studies confirm the effectiveness of the primary prevention programmes. Physical activity programs seem to have a stronger effect than nutrition programmes. Psychological programmes prove as well effectiveness, if they include cognitive behaviour therapy. The identified economical studies indicate that programmes for cardiovascular prevention can be conducted cost-effectively. Interventions that focus on the general population turn out to be particularly cost-effective and sustainable. Discussion There is a wide range of primary preventive effective lifestyle-related interventions with high evidence. The outcomes and results are consistent with the recommendations of the two identified evidence-based guidelines regarding the recommendations on lifestyle and healthy nutrition. Furthermore, the cost-effectiveness of primary prevention services is proven. With regard to the economical studies it is however worth noting that this result is based on very few publications. The transferability has to be critically assessed as the studies mainly originate from the American health system. Conclusion On the whole a comprehensive setting approach with educative, somatic, psychosocial and activity therapeutic components is recommended. The sustainability of a prevention intervention must be ensured from programme to programme. Long-term studies are necessary to make valid statements regarding the sustainable effectiveness: There is an essential deficit in the current practiced evaluation of the use of primary prevention services provided by the health insurance – mainly regarding the comprehensive setting approach – regarding the evidence-based evaluation of the prescribed preventive interventions. With regard to the ethical, social and economical evaluation the research situation is deficient. The situation has to be particularly analyzed for the socially deprived and one has to respond to their specific needs for prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dieter Korczak
- GP Forschungsgruppe, Institut für Grundlagen- und Programmforschung, München, Deutschland
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Jagadesham VP, Aparajita R, Gough MJ. Can the UK guidelines for stroke be effective? Attitudes to the symptoms of a transient ischaemic attack among the general public and doctors. Clin Med (Lond) 2008; 8:366-70. [PMID: 18724600 PMCID: PMC4952926 DOI: 10.7861/clinmedicine.8-4-366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This questionnaire-based study assessed the attitudes of the general public to the symptoms of a transient ischaemic attack (TIA) and determined the current level of knowledge about the management of TIA among doctors. The public chose to wait for symptom recurrence before seeking medical advice for amaurosis (41%) and upper limb (UL) monoparesis (51%), sensory loss (68%), or paraesthesia (95%). However, medical advice would be sought most often for slurred speech alone (89%) or combined with UL monoparesis (99%). Most physicians confirmed that these symptoms could represent a 'carotid TIA' but many considered diverse symptoms as relevant. While most general practitioners would prescribe anti-platelet therapy, 22-40% would not refer first-time TIA patients, depending upon the presenting symptom. In conclusion, the general public does not recognise the importance of TIA symptoms and the need for rapid assessment. This is compounded by deficiencies in the medical management of TIA. Stroke guidelines will remain ineffective without public awareness campaigns and physician education.
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