101
|
Mancı E, Herold F, Günay E, Güdücü Ç, Müller NG, Bediz CŞ. The Influence of Acute Sprint Interval Training on the Cognitive Performance of Male Basketball Players: An Investigation of Expertise-Related Differences. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:4719. [PMID: 36981625 PMCID: PMC10048824 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20064719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Highly developed cognitive abilities are an important prerequisite for reaching elite athletic levels. This study aimed to investigate the effect of an acute sprint interval training (SIT) session on the cognitive performance of amateur and elite players. Eighteen amateur and ten elite male basketball players were included in this study. They were asked to perform an acute SIT consisting of the Wingate Test (i.e., four bouts of 30 s all-out sprints) on a cycle ergometer, interspersed with 4 min of active recovery. Before and after the acute SIT, three cognitive tests (i.e., Change Detection Test, Timewall Test, Mackworth Clock Test) were performed. Exercise-induced changes in cognitive performance and between-group differences were analyzed. We did not observe significant between-group differences in the performance of any cognitive test at the pretest, but elite basketball players outperformed the amateur players in specific measures of the Change Detection Test and Timewall Test after the acute SIT (p < 0.05). In addition, for the Clock Test, only the elite basketball players' performance improved from pre- to posttest. The current study's findings suggest that male elite basketball players, compared to amateur basketball players, can preserve their cognitive performance after an acute bout of SIT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Egemen Mancı
- Faculty of Sport Science, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir 35320, Turkey
| | - Fabian Herold
- Research Group Degenerative and Chronic Diseases, Movement, Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Erkan Günay
- Faculty of Sport Science, Celal Bayar University, Manisa 45140, Turkey
| | - Çağdaş Güdücü
- Department of Biophysics, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir 35320, Turkey
| | - Notger G. Müller
- Research Group Degenerative and Chronic Diseases, Movement, Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Cem Ş. Bediz
- Department of Physiology, University of Kyrenia, Kyrenia 99138, Cyprus
| |
Collapse
|
102
|
Cencini S, Perrott M, Docking S, Cook J. Proximal patellar tendon abnormalities on ultrasound can develop in male adolescent basketball players: A longitudinal study. Phys Ther Sport 2023; 60:63-69. [PMID: 36682095 DOI: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2022.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adolescent patellar tendinopathy is reported but the pubertal-stage of onset of abnormal tendon structure has not been investigated with grayscale ultrasound. AIMS To investigate abnormal tendon structure using grayscale ultrasound and its association with pubertal-stage and pain. METHODS Forty-three male basketball players aged 13.7 years (SD 1.0) had patellar tendon ultrasound scans every 6 months for 2.5 years. Pubertal-stage (peak height velocity) was calculated using the Mirwauld equation. Tendon thickness, hypoechogenicity and pain during single leg decline squat (SLDS) were recorded. Tendons were classified: hypoechoic, normal or immature. RESULTS Two tendons were hypoechoic at baseline. Six developed hypoechogenicity over 2.5 years (eight tendons [9%], six participants [14%]), all in peri and post-PHV players. Twenty-six tendons (17 participants) were classified as immature during the study. Hypoechoic tendons were thicker (5.3 mm SD 1.2) than normal (3.9 mm SD 0.7) tendons (p < 0.001). There was no difference in the proportion of participants reporting pain during SLDS in the hypoechoic (N = 3) and normal (N = 11) groups (p = 0.33), or in hypoechoic tendon thickness between those reporting pain (6.5 mm, SD 1.7) or not (5.2 mm, SD 0.9, p = 0.17). DISCUSSION This study using grayscale ultrasound found that basketball players with hypoechogenicity were peri or post-PHV. Abnormal structure was not always associated with pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastiano Cencini
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, (Santa Maria alle Scotte Hospital), Siena, Italy
| | - Margaret Perrott
- La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Sean Docking
- La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia; Monash Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Cabrini Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jill Cook
- La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
103
|
Fang BB, Lu FJH, Gill DL, Chiu YH, Cheng YC, Hsieh MH, Zhang Z. Interactive effects of dispositional mindfulness and PETTLEP imagery training on basketball shooting performance: A randomized controlled trial. Psychol Sport Exerc 2023; 65:102366. [PMID: 37665838 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2022.102366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the interactive effects of dispositional mindfulness and visualized PETTLEP imagery training on basketball mid-range shooting performance and retention. Seventy-three participants (M age = 20.32 ± 1.09) with high/low dispositional mindfulness (high n = 35; low n = 38) selected out of 302 college students were randomly assigned into the following six groups: (a) high mindfulness internal imagery (H-II, n = 13); (b) high mindfulness external imagery (H-EI, n = 11); (c) high mindfulness control (H-CO, n = 11); (d) low mindfulness internal imagery (L-II, n = 13); (e) low mindfulness external imagery (L-EI, n = 12); and (f) low mindfulness control (L-CO, n = 13). Participants engaged in a pretest to measure their basketball shooting performance, then participated in a 6-week (3 times/per-week) intervention, plus a posttest and retention test. A three-way 2 (high/low mindfulness) X 3 (treatments: internal-, external imagery, and control) X 3 (measurement time: pretest, posttest, and retention) mixed ANOVA statistical analysis found dispositional mindfulness interacted with treatments and measurement time. The main effects showed high dispositional mindfulness performed better than low dispositional mindfulness, and internal imagery training performed better than external imagery training on mid-range basketball performance at retention. The 3-way interaction indicated that when using either internal or external imagery, high dispositional mindfulness performed better than low mindfulness on retention but not posttest. For 2-way interaction, high dispositional mindfulness performed better than low dispositional mindfulness on retention but not posttest. Our results extended current knowledge on sport imagery and dispositional mindfulness and gained several theoretical implications for researchers. The limitations, future research directions, and practical implications were also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin-Bin Fang
- School of Physical Education, Quanzhou Normal University, # 398, Donghai Boulevard, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China; Graduate Institute of Sport Coaching Science, Chinese Culture University, # 55, Hua-Kang Road, Yang-Ming-Shan, Taipei, 11114, Taiwan.
| | - Frank J H Lu
- Graduate Institute of Sport Coaching Science, Chinese Culture University, # 55, Hua-Kang Road, Yang-Ming-Shan, Taipei, 11114, Taiwan.
| | - Diane L Gill
- Department of Kinesiology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Coleman Building, 2nd Floor, Suite 266, 1408 Walker Avenue, Greensboro, NC, 27402, USA.
| | - Yi-Hsiang Chiu
- Department of Physical Education, Chinese Culture University, #55, Hua-Kang Road, Yang-Ming-Shan, Taipei, 11114, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Chia Cheng
- Department of Educational Technology, Tamkang University, No.151, Yingzhuan Rd., Tamsui Dist., New Taipei City, 251301, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Hui Hsieh
- Physical Education Office, National Chengchi University, NO.64, Sec.2,Zhi-Nan Rd., Wenshan District, Taipei City, 11605, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Athletics and Coaching Science, National Taiwan Sport University, No. 250, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan, Taoyuan, 33301, Taiwan.
| | - Zhiyang Zhang
- Institute of Physical Education Science, Fujian Polytechnic Normal University, No.1 Campus Village, Longjiang Road, Fuqing, 350300, Fujian, China.
| |
Collapse
|
104
|
Jenner B, Nottle C, Walters JL, Saunders SW, Leicht AS, Crowther RG. Reliability of the running vertical jump test in female team sport athletes. Phys Ther Sport 2023; 60:47-53. [PMID: 36646025 DOI: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2023.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Injury rates to the lower limb have increased over the past 40 years, coinciding with increases in female sport participation rates. Sport specific tests such as the running vertical jump (RVJ) are utilised for injury risk profiling, however the test-retest reliability is unknown. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the test-retest reliability of the thorax, pelvis and lower limb joint angular kinematics and kinetics for the RVJ test in female team sport athletes. DESIGN Three-dimensional motion capture with force plate integration was utilised as participants performed five trials on each limb on three separate days. SETTING Testing occurred in a biomechanics laboratory. PARTICIPANTS Thirty-four females (Australian Rules Football = 15, Netball = 12, Soccer = 7) participated in this study. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), effect sizes and typical errors (TE) of segment and joint angular kinematics and kinetics were calculated. RESULTS Poor to excellent reliability (ICC = -0.12 - 0.92), small to large effect sizes (0.00-0.90) and TE (0.02-289.24) were observed across segment and joint angular kinematics and kinetics. CONCLUSIONS The RVJ test is recommended when analysing ground reaction forces and joint angular kinematics in female team sport athletes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brooke Jenner
- UniSA: Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, 5001, Adelaide, Australia; Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition & Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, 5001, Adelaide, Australia.
| | - Carmel Nottle
- UniSA: Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, 5001, Adelaide, Australia; Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition & Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, 5001, Adelaide, Australia.
| | - Julie L Walters
- UniSA: Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, 5001, Adelaide, Australia; Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition & Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, 5001, Adelaide, Australia.
| | | | - Anthony S Leicht
- Sport and Exercise Science, James Cook University, 4811, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Robert G Crowther
- UniSA: Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, 5001, Adelaide, Australia; Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition & Activity (ARENA), University of South Australia, 5001, Adelaide, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
105
|
Supola B, Hoch T, Baca A. Modeling the formation of defensive gaps in basketball: Cutting on a teammate's drive. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0281467. [PMID: 36749778 PMCID: PMC9904462 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Basketball is a game of simultaneous actions, and inter-player coordination is key for offensive success. One of the most challenging aspects in this regard is basket cutting on a teammate's drive. The ability to make these cuts is considered to be an artistic skill, mastered by only a handful of players. This skill is also hard to assess, as there is no method to measure the players' capability with respect to this quality-especially not automatically. Using SportVU data from the NBA, we created a mathematical model that identifies the openings in the defense which allow to perform a cut. Our model succeeds to generalize, as it detects these openings on average 139ms earlier than the actual cuts start and has an overall (balanced) accuracy of 0.818 on the test set. Having a tree-based gradient boosting classifier, we received a clear hierarchy of feature importance and were able to inspect the interactions between these attributes during action. This way, the model gives insights about the kind of defensive movements needed for a player to allow enough space to cut while in practical usage the analysis of the output can also help the coaching staff in designing play options and assessing player abilities. By paying more attention to the possible off ball movements during drives, offensive plays can become more versatile-benefiting the participants and the spectators alike.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bence Supola
- Department of Sport Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- * E-mail:
| | - Thomas Hoch
- Software Competence Center Hagenberg GmbH, Hagenberg, Austria
| | - Arnold Baca
- Centre for Sport Science and University Sports, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
106
|
Csurilla G, Boros Z, Fűrész DI, Gyimesi A, Raab M, Sterbenz T. How Much Is Winning a Matter of Luck? A Comparison of 3 × 3 and 5v5 Basketball. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:2911. [PMID: 36833608 PMCID: PMC9956886 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20042911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The comparison of team sports based on luck has a long tradition and remains unsolved. A contrast between the new Olympic format three-on-three (3 × 3) and five-on-five (5v5) forms of basketball has never been analyzed and provides a comparison within the same form of sports. METHODS We developed a new method to calculate performance indicators for each team and invented the Relative Score Difference Index, a new competitive balance indicator that allows the comparison of luck in the two basketball forms for both men and women. We collected game-level data about 3 × 3 and 5v5 from the World Cups held between 2010 and 2019 (N = 666). Luck was defined as the difference between the expected and the actual outcomes of games. Using the basketball World Cup data, we applied the Surprise Index, ran probit regression models, and compared the basketball forms on the goodness-of-fit of the models. RESULTS As we predicted, there are differential effects of luck between game formats and sex, such that the 3 × 3 form depends more on luck and women's games are less influenced by luck when compared to men's games. CONCLUSION Coaches may better understand the differences between the two forms and sexes regarding luck if they are aware that the 3 × 3 and men's competitions are usually more influenced by luck. The findings provide a leverage point for testing new performances and competition balance indicators and will acknowledge the number of games we enjoy watching.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gergely Csurilla
- Institute of Economics, Centre for Economic and Regional Studies, 1097 Budapest, Hungary
- Sport Economics and Decision Making Research Centre, Hungarian University of Sports Science, 1123 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Boros
- Sport Economics and Decision Making Research Centre, Hungarian University of Sports Science, 1123 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Diána Ivett Fűrész
- Faculty of Business and Economics, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - András Gyimesi
- Faculty of Business and Economics, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Markus Raab
- Institute of Psychology, German Sport University Cologne, 50933 Cologne, Germany
- School of Applied Sciences, London South Bank University, London SE1 0AA, UK
| | - Tamás Sterbenz
- Sport Economics and Decision Making Research Centre, Hungarian University of Sports Science, 1123 Budapest, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
107
|
St-Cyr J, Chénard-Poirier LA, Dufresne A, Vallerand RJ. The Role of Passion in Self-Oriented Versus Team-Oriented Decision-Making in Team Sports. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:2626. [PMID: 36767991 PMCID: PMC9915106 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the role of passion and achievement goals in making self-oriented and team-oriented decisions. Based on the Dualistic Model of Passion, it was hypothesized that in the context of collective sports, harmonious passion should lead to the adoption of mostly mastery goals, which in turn should lead to a more team-oriented decision-making. Conversely, obsessive passion should be related to the adoption of all three types of goals but mostly to performance-approach and performance-avoidance goals, which in turn should lead to a more self-oriented decision process. A total of 253 basketball players completed measures of passion and achievement goals in sport. They then were exposed to basketball scenarios and indicated their likelihood to act in a self-oriented or team-oriented manner. Results from structural equation modeling supported the hypotheses and lead to several implications for future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jany St-Cyr
- Laboratoire de Recherche sur le Comportement Social, Département de Psychologie, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Léandre Alexis Chénard-Poirier
- Laboratoire de Recherche sur le Comportement Social, Département de Psychologie, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada
- Department of Management, HEC Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 2A7, Canada
| | - Alexe Dufresne
- Laboratoire de Recherche sur le Comportement Social, Département de Psychologie, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Robert J. Vallerand
- Laboratoire de Recherche sur le Comportement Social, Département de Psychologie, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
108
|
Ferioli D, Conte D, Scanlan AT, Vaquera A. Technical-Tactical Demands of 3 × 3 International Basketball Games According to Game Outcome, Player Sex, and Competition Phase. J Strength Cond Res 2023; 37:403-412. [PMID: 35612945 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000004282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Ferioli, D, Conte, D, Scanlan, AT, and Vaquera, A. Technical-tactical demands of 3 × 3 international basketball games according to game outcome, player sex, and competition phase. J Strength Cond Res 37(2): 403-412, 2023-Despite the popularity of 3 × 3 basketball rapidly growing on a global scale, a paucity of data exist on player demands during competition, particularly considering various factors. This study aimed to quantify the technical-tactical demands of international-level 3 × 3 basketball games according to game outcome, player sex, and competition phase. Overall, 96 players from 24 national teams (48 players across 12 teams in each sex) competing at the 2019 European Basketball Cup 3 × 3 were included in this study. Technical-tactical demands during games including shooting, game-related, and possession-related statistics were retrospectively gathered from public sources or analyzed using video analyses. Linear mixed models and effect size analyses were used to determine differences in demands according to game outcome (wins vs. losses), player sex (males vs. females), and competition phase (group games vs. finals games). Winning teams ( p < 0.05, small-large ) scored more shots, shot more efficiently, secured more rebounds, committed fewer turnovers and fouls, and drew more fouls to shoot free-throws. Differences between sexes ( p < 0.05, small-moderate ) showed male teams shot more efficiently, scored more 2-point shots, and scored more points, whereas female teams attempted more 1-point shots, committed more turnovers, and had more possessions. Considering the competition phase, more blocks were completed during group games, and more points per possession were achieved during finals games ( p < 0.05, small ). This study provides foundation normative values regarding the technical-tactical demands of 3 × 3 game-play during an international competition, with reported data able to be used by practitioners in developing precise, sex-specific training and tactical strategies to optimize team success.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Davide Ferioli
- UCAM Research Center for High Performance Sport, Catholic University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Daniele Conte
- Institute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Aaron T Scanlan
- Human Exercise and Training Laboratory, School of Health, Medical, and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia
| | - Alejandro Vaquera
- VALFIS Research Group, Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, León, Spain; and
- School of Sport & Exercise Science, University of Worcester, Worcester, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
109
|
Mercer RAJ, Russell JL, McGuigan LC, Coutts AJ, Strack DS, McLean BD. Finding the Signal in the Noise-Interday Reliability and Seasonal Sensitivity of 84 Countermovement Jump Variables in Professional Basketball Players. J Strength Cond Res 2023; 37:394-402. [PMID: 36696261 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000004182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Mercer, RAJ, Russell, JL, McGuigan, LC, Coutts, AJ, Strack, DS, and McLean, BD. Finding the signal in the noise-interday reliability and seasonal sensitivity of 84 countermovement jump variables in professional basketball players. J Strength Cond Res 37(2): 394-402, 2023-This study examined the measurement characteristics of countermovement jump (CMJ) variables in basketball athletes using different variable selection criteria. Test-retest reliability (noise) and seasonal variability (signal) CMJ data were collected from 13 professional basketball athletes playing for the same club throughout 1 competitive season. Interday reliability (coefficient of variation [CV] and intraclass correlation coefficients) were calculated over 3 preseason tests conducted on 3 consecutive days. To evaluate sensitivity, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) was calculated by dividing seasonal variability (CV) from 8 in-season CMJ tests (collected from November to February) by preseason reliability (CV). Players performed 3 CMJs each testing day, and 3 data analysis techniques were applied: a single variable from the trial with either the best jump height (BestJH; calculated by flight time) or the best flight time to contraction time (BestFT:CT) and mean output across 3 jumps (Mean3). Mean3 was the most reliable data analysis technique, with 79 and 82 of 84 variables displaying lower interday CVs compared with BestJH and BestFT:CT, respectively. Overall, many CMJ measures display seasonal changes that are greater than the inherent noise, with 77 variables producing SNR of >1.00 for Mean3 compared with 65 and 58 variables for BestJH and BestFT:CT, respectively. To improve reliability and sensitivity, it is recommended that practitioners use the average of multiple CMJ trials and regularly reassess measurement characteristics specific to their cohort and environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard A J Mercer
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Sydney, NSW, Australia ; and
- Oklahoma City Thunder Professional Basketball Club, Human and Player Performance, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Jennifer L Russell
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Sydney, NSW, Australia ; and
- Oklahoma City Thunder Professional Basketball Club, Human and Player Performance, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Lauren C McGuigan
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Sydney, NSW, Australia ; and
| | - Aaron J Coutts
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Sydney, NSW, Australia ; and
| | - Donnie S Strack
- Oklahoma City Thunder Professional Basketball Club, Human and Player Performance, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Blake D McLean
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Sydney, NSW, Australia ; and
- Oklahoma City Thunder Professional Basketball Club, Human and Player Performance, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| |
Collapse
|
110
|
Ramsden R, Hayman R, Potrac P, Hettinga FJ. Sport Participation for People with Disabilities: Exploring the Potential of Reverse Integration and Inclusion through Wheelchair Basketball. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:2491. [PMID: 36767857 PMCID: PMC9915882 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Reverse integration is defined as the inclusion of able-bodied people into disability sport. For decades, there have been movements towards integrating people with a disability in mainstream society. There has been a lack of research supporting the movement of able-bodied involvement in disability sport, known as reverse integration. In this study, the real-life experiences and motivations of 11 national wheelchair basketball players (four able-bodied and seven with a disability) were explored, identifying the potential of reverse integration and what influenced the players involvement. Thematic analysis was employed using a deductive approach. The social-relational model was used as a framework to help interpret the findings. The results highlighted that health and social benefits were key factors towards prolonged engagement in wheelchair basketball, and it was reported that reverse integration led to an increased mutual understanding of the impact of (dis)ability. All participants reported positive experiences and supported able-bodied involvement, suggesting that able-bodied players play a key role and help to grow the sport locally. However, involvement of able-bodied players was not supported at international level. This challenges the concept of inclusion at higher level and whether the sport could be more inclusive. These findings could provide direction to coaches and policymakers for developing further inclusive opportunities at all levels. Further research may explore coach education programs and learning experiences of becoming an inclusive coach to ensure coaches know how to create, stimulate and coach in inclusive sport environments.
Collapse
|
111
|
Wang Y, Lei SM, Wu CC. The Effect of Mindfulness Intervention on the Psychological Skills and Shooting Performances in Male Collegiate Basketball Athletes in Macau: A Quasi-Experimental Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:2339. [PMID: 36767706 PMCID: PMC9916241 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study adopted a quasi-experimental design to examine the effect of a 7-week mindfulness intervention on the psychological coping ability and shooting performance of college-level male basketball athletes in Macau. METHODS A total of 43 male college basketball athletes in Macau were selected as the participants. Besides the regular basketball training, the intervention group (n = 23) received a 7-week mindfulness training; the weekly mindfulness intervention session lasted around one hour according to the mindfulness training manual for athletes, while the control group (n = 20) did not receive any mindfulness training. Before and immediately after the 7-week intervention, all players performed the following tests: the "Five-Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire", the "Acceptance and Action Questionnaire", the "Sport Competition Anxiety Test", the "Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale", and three shooting tests. An independent-sample t-test and a paired-sample t-test were used to analyze the between- and within-group differences. Moreover, a repeated measures ANOVA was used to assess the group, time, and group-by-time effects on psychological skills and shooting performances. RESULTS The intervention resulted in both significant between-group and within-group differences in mindfulness level, acceptance level, attention level, three-point, and free-throw shooting performances (all p < 0.05, Cohen's d ranging from 0.565 to 1.117). CONCLUSION While further study is necessary, the present study suggests that the 7-week mindfulness training program can significantly improve psychological outcomes and shooting performance in Macau college basketball athletes. Future studies involving competition settings and objective metrics will aid in verifying mindfulness as the prevalent practice among basketball practitioners and athletes.
Collapse
|
112
|
Zając T, Mikołajec K, Chmura P, Konefał M, Krzysztofik M, Makar P. Long-Term Trends in Shooting Performance in the NBA: An Analysis of Two- and Three-Point Shooting across 40 Consecutive Seasons. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:1924. [PMID: 36767322 PMCID: PMC9915101 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20031924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to depict two-point and three-point shooting trends and explore their influence on game outcomes in the NBA across 40 consecutive seasons. Therefore, the following game-related statistics were considered: total points per game (PPG), games played (GP), field goals made (FGM), field goal attempts (FGA), field goal percentage (FG%), two-point field goals made (2PM), two-point field goal attempts (2PA), two-point field goal percentage (2P%), three-point field goals made (3PM), three-point field goal attempts (3PA), three-point field goal percentage (3P%), and a three-point field goal to two-point field goal ratio (3P/2P). The fixed-base indexes and inter-decade ANOVAs or Friedman tests were used as the main statistical tools. The number of 3PA significantly increased over time, while the number of 2PA decreased. A significant increase in 3P% was also observed, whereas 2P% remained relatively stable over the analyzed period. This study also revealed a higher number of ball possessions and more points scored per game, especially in the last decade of NBA competition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Zając
- Human Performance Laboratory, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education in Katowice, Mikołowska 72A, 40-065 Katowice, Poland
| | - Kazimierz Mikołajec
- Department of Basketball and Football, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education in Katowice, Mikołowska 72A, 40-065 Katowice, Poland
| | - Paweł Chmura
- Department of Team Games, Wrocław University of Health and Sport Sciences, I.J., Paderewskiego 35, 51-612 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Marek Konefał
- Department of Biological and Motor Sport Bases, Wrocław University of Health and Sport Sciences, I.J., Paderewskiego 35, 51-612 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Michał Krzysztofik
- Institute of Sport Sciences, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education in Katowice, 40-065 Katowice, Poland
| | - Piotr Makar
- Faculty of Physical Education, Gdańsk University of Physical Education and Sport, 80-336 Gdańsk, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
113
|
Szulc J, Cichowicz R, Gutarowski M, Okrasa M, Gutarowska B. Assessment of Dust, Chemical, Microbiological Pollutions and Microclimatic Parameters of Indoor Air in Sports Facilities. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:1551. [PMID: 36674305 PMCID: PMC9865041 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20021551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyse the quality of indoor air in sport facilities in one of the sport centres in Poland with respect to microclimatic parameters (temperature, humidity, and air flow velocity), particulate matter concentrations (PM10, PM4, PM2.5, and PM1), gas concentrations (oxygen, ozone, hydrogen sulphide, sulphur dioxide, volatile organic compounds, and benzopyrene), and microbial contamination (the total number of bacteria, specifically staphylococci, including Staphylococcus aureus, haemolytic bacteria, Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas fluorescens, actinomycetes, and the total number of fungi and xerophilic fungi). Measurements were made three times in May 2022 at 28 sampling points in 5 different sporting areas (the climbing wall, swimming pool, swimming pool changing room, and basketball and badminton courts) depending on the time of day (morning or afternoon) and on the outside building. The obtained results were compared with the standards for air quality in sports facilities. The air temperature (21−31 °C) was at the upper limit of thermal comfort, while the air humidity (RH < 40%) in the sports halls in most of the locations was below demanded values. The values for dust pollution in all rooms, except the swimming pool, exceeded the permissible limits, especially in the afternoons. Climatic conditions correlated with a high concentration of dust in the indoor air. Particulate matter concentrations of all fractions exceeded the WHO guidelines in all researched premises; the largest exceedances of standards occurred for PM2.5 (five-fold) and for PM10 (two-fold). There were no exceedances of gaseous pollutant concentrations in the air, except for benzopyrene, which resulted from the influence of the outside air. The total number of bacteria (5.1 × 101−2.0 × 104 CFU m−3) and fungi (3.0 × 101−3.75 × 102 CFU m−3) was exceeded in the changing room and the climbing wall hall. An increased number of staphylococci in the afternoon was associated with a large number of people training. The increased concentration of xerophilic fungi in the air correlated with the high dust content and low air humidity. Along with the increase in the number of users in the afternoon and their activities, the concentration of dust (several times) and microorganisms (1−2 log) in the air increased by several times and 1−2 log, respectively. The present study indicates which air quality parameters should be monitored and provides guidelines on how to increase the comfort of those who practice sports and work in sports facilities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Szulc
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Lodz University of Technology, Wólczańska 171/173, 90-530 Łódź, Poland
| | - Robert Cichowicz
- Institute of Environmental Engineering and Building Installations, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Environmental Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, Al. Politechniki 6, 90-924 Łódź, Poland
| | - Michał Gutarowski
- Institute of Environmental Engineering and Building Installations, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Environmental Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, Al. Politechniki 6, 90-924 Łódź, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Okrasa
- Department of Personal Protective Equipment, Central Institute for Labour Protection—National Research Institute, 90-133 Łódź, Poland
| | - Beata Gutarowska
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Science, Lodz University of Technology, Wólczańska 171/173, 90-530 Łódź, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
114
|
Caseiro A, França C, Faro A, Branquinho Gomes B. Kinematic analysis of the basketball jump shot with increasing shooting distance: comparison between experienced and non-experienced players. Acta Bioeng Biomech 2023; 25:61-67. [PMID: 38314525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Basketball jump shot success is determined mainly by the height, velocity and angle of ball release. To achieve a successful shot, these variables need to be adjusted according to the player's position on the court. This study aimed to identify the changes in kinematics variables of the basketball jump shot with an increasing shooting distance performed by players with varying skill levels. METHODS Seventeen male subjects, divided into experienced (N = 9), and non-experienced (N = 8) players, performed three successful jump shots from the free-throw line (4.23 m) and the 3-point line (6.75 m). All attempts were recorded at 120 Hz with a camera perpendicularly to the sagittal plane, and the kinematics variables were calculated using Tracker software. RESULTS The increase in shooting distance shows a decrease in height and angle of ball release. In contrast, the velocity of ball release increased for both groups at longer distances. Experienced players presented a higher mean value of the height of ball release in both distances, which allowed for a lower velocity of ball release. CONCLUSIONS The most meaningful improvement for players training the jump shot technique is to increase the release height of the ball, jumping higher and shooting the ball near the peak of the jump.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- André Caseiro
- University of Coimbra, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Cíntia França
- LARSYS, Interactive Technologies Institute, Funchal, Portugal
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, University of Madeira, Funchal, Portugal
| | - Ana Faro
- University of Coimbra, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Beatriz Branquinho Gomes
- University of Coimbra, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, Coimbra, Portugal
- University of Coimbra, Research Unit for Sport and Physical Activity - CIDAF Coimbra, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
115
|
Robalo RAM, Diniz AMFA, Passos PJM. Dissimilarity between Wrist Trajectories in Basketball Dribbling: Hypothetical Differences Not Available to the Human Eye. Nonlinear Dynamics Psychol Life Sci 2023; 27:1-13. [PMID: 36522296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Previous research identified the stability of wrist position as a performance indicator in a static basketball dribbling task performance under different experimental conditions since professionals displayed higher stability values than amateurs. We hypothesized that the trajectories of this cyclical task may be different between amateurs and professionals under downward peripheral vision occlusion and auditory occlusion. A modified version of the Procrustes analysis was used to quantify the dissimilarity between wrist trajectories along time. Results showed that peripheral vision occlusion caused dissimilarity in amateurs' dribbling trajectories almost four times larger than professionals'; however, auditory occlusion did not affect neither amateur nor professionals' performance. There were no cumulative effects on performance when the individual was submitted to both occlusions simultaneously.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo A M Robalo
- CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana/Universidade de Lisboa, Dafundo, Portugal
| | - Ana M F A Diniz
- CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana/Universidade de Lisboa, Dafundo, Portugal
| | - Pedro J M Passos
- CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana/Universidade de Lisboa, Dafundo, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
116
|
Lucia S, Bianco V, Di Russo F. Specific effect of a cognitive-motor dual-task training on sport performance and brain processing associated with decision-making in semi-elite basketball players. Psychol Sport Exerc 2023; 64:102302. [PMID: 37665802 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2022.102302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In this study, we aimed at evaluating the effects of cognitive-motor dual-task training (CMDT) on sport-specific athletic performance and cognitive functions of semi-elite basketball players. Further, we investigated the CMDT effects on reactive brain processing by employing event-related potential (ERP) analysis. DESIGN A randomized controlled trial was conducted including 52 young semi-elite basketball players (28 females mean age 16.3 ± 1.1 years) who were randomly assigned into an experimental (Exp) group executing the CMDT and a control (Con) group performing standard motor training. METHOD Athletes' sport-specific performance was evaluated with dribbling tests before and after a five-week training. Cognitive performance was assessed by measuring speed and accuracy in a discrimination response task. Brain activity associated with sensory processing, selective attention, and decision-making was measured through the P1, N1, and P3 components. The CMDT consisted of simultaneous execution of dribbling exercises and cognitive tasks which were realized using interactive devices located around the athlete on the basket court. Data were submitted to a mixed analysis of variance. RESULTS Both groups showed some improvements from pre-to post-tests, but the Exp group improved basket-specific performance by 13% more than the Con group; in addition, the cognitive performance also improved more in the Exp group (25.8% in accuracy and 5.4% response speed). According to the EEG results, training did not affect sensory processing and attentional processing which were equally increased after both kinds of training; however, decision-making processes were specifically affected by the experimental training. CONCLUSIONS This study confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed CMDT protocol on both sport-specific and cognitive performance of basketball players and showed that the neural basis of these benefits may be mediated by more intense decisional processing allowing faster connection between sensory encoding and response execution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Lucia
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", 00135, Rome, Italy.
| | - Valentina Bianco
- Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Languages and Literatures, Communication, Education and Society, University of Udine, 33100, Udine, Italy
| | - Francesco Di Russo
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", 00135, Rome, Italy; Santa Lucia Foundation IRCCS, 00179, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
117
|
Silvestri F, Campanella M, Bertollo M, Albuquerque MR, Bonavolontà V, Perroni F, Baldari C, Guidetti L, Curzi D. Acute Effects of Fitlight Training on Cognitive-Motor Processes in Young Basketball Players. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:817. [PMID: 36613139 PMCID: PMC9820121 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Cognitive-motor training could be used to improve open-skill sport performances, increasing cognitive demands to stimulate executive function (EF) development. Nevertheless, a distributed training proposal for the improvement of EFs is increasingly difficult to combine with seasonal sport commitments. This study aimed to investigate whether a massed basketball training program enriched with Fitlight training can improve EFs and motor performance. Forty-nine players (age = 15.0 ± 1.5 yrs) were assigned to the control and Fitlight-trained (FITL) groups, which performed 3 weeks of massed basketball practice, including 25 min per day of shooting sessions or Fitlight training, respectively. All athletes were tested in cognitive tasks (Flanker/Reverse Flanker; Digit Span) and fitness tests (Agility T-test; Yo-Yo IR1). During the intervention, exercise/session perceived effort (eRPE/sRPE) and enjoyment were collected. RM-ANOVA showed significant EFs scores increased in both groups over time, without differences between the groups. Moreover, an increased sRPE and eRPE appeared in the FITL group (p = 0.0001; p = 0.01), with no group differences in activity enjoyment and fitness tests. Three weeks of massed basketball training improved EFs and motor performance in young players. The additional Fitlight training increased the perceived cognitive effort without decreasing enjoyment, even if it seems unable to induce additional improvements in EFs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Matteo Campanella
- Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, eCampus University, 22060 Novedrate, Italy
| | - Maurizio Bertollo
- BIND-Behavioral Imaging and Neural Dynamics Center, Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University G. d’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Maicon Rodrigues Albuquerque
- Neurosciences of Physical Activity and Sports Research Group, Department of Sports, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31120-901, Brazil
| | - Valerio Bonavolontà
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Science, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Perroni
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - Carlo Baldari
- Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, eCampus University, 22060 Novedrate, Italy
| | - Laura Guidetti
- Department Unicusano, University “Niccolò Cusano”, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Davide Curzi
- Department Unicusano, University “Niccolò Cusano”, 00166 Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
118
|
Liang X. A video images-aware knowledge extraction method for intelligent healthcare management of basketball players. Math Biosci Eng 2023; 20:1919-1937. [PMID: 36899515 DOI: 10.3934/mbe.2023088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Currently, the health management for athletes has been a significant research issue in academia. Some data-driven methods have emerged in recent years for this purpose. However, numerical data cannot reflect comprehensive process status in many scenes, especially in some highly dynamic sports like basketball. To deal with such a challenge, this paper proposes a video images-aware knowledge extraction model for intelligent healthcare management of basketball players. Raw video image samples from basketball videos are first acquired for this study. They are processed using adaptive median filter to reduce noise and discrete wavelet transform to boost contrast. The preprocessed video images are separated into multiple subgroups by using a U-Net-based convolutional neural network, and basketball players' motion trajectories may be derived from segmented images. On this basis, the fuzzy KC-means clustering technique is adopted to cluster all segmented action images into several different classes, in which images inside a classes are similar and images belonging to different classes are different. The simulation results show that shooting routes of basketball players can be properly captured and characterized close to 100% accuracy using the proposed method.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Liang
- College of Humanities, Zhaoqing Medical College, Zhaoqing 526020, Guangdong, China
| |
Collapse
|
119
|
Wu Y, Deng D, Xie X, He M, Xu J, Zhang H, Zhang H, Wu Y. OBTracker: Visual Analytics of Off-ball Movements in Basketball. IEEE Trans Vis Comput Graph 2023; 29:929-939. [PMID: 36166529 DOI: 10.1109/tvcg.2022.3209373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
In a basketball play, players who are not in possession of the ball (i.e., off-ball players) can still effectively contribute to the team's offense, such as making a sudden move to create scoring opportunities. Analyzing the movements of off-ball players can thus facilitate the development of effective strategies for coaches. However, common basketball statistics (e.g., points and assists) primarily focus on what happens around the ball and are mostly result-oriented, making it challenging to objectively assess and fully understand the contributions of off-ball movements. To address these challenges, we collaborate closely with domain experts and summarize the multi-level requirements for off-ball movement analysis in basketball. We first establish an assessment model to quantitatively evaluate the offensive contribution of an off-ball movement considering both the position of players and the team cooperation. Based on the model, we design and develop a visual analytics system called OBTracker to support the multifaceted analysis of off-ball movements. OBTracker enables users to identify the frequency and effectiveness of off-ball movement patterns and learn the performance of different off-ball players. A tailored visualization based on the Voronoi diagram is proposed to help users interpret the contribution of off-ball movements from a temporal perspective. We conduct two case studies based on the tracking data from NBA games and demonstrate the effectiveness and usability of OBTracker through expert feedback.
Collapse
|
120
|
Chun DR, Lee MY, Kim SW, Cho EY, Lee BH. The Mediated Effect of Sports Confidence on Competitive State Anxiety and Perceived Performance of Basketball Game. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 20:334. [PMID: 36612655 PMCID: PMC9819433 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the mediating effect of sports confidence on competitive state anxiety and perceived performance basketball game. This study was conducted on 219 Korean basketball players, including 101 men and 118 women who were either high school students (42), university students (96), or professional basketball players (81). The Sources of Sport Confidence Questionnaire (SSCQ), Revised Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2R), and the perceived performance questionnaire was used to measure sports confidence, competitive state anxiety, and perceived performance, respectively. The results showed that self-confidence (β = z 0.552, p < 0.001) and the coaches’ leadership (β = 0.552, p < 0.001) were found to be factors that influenced perceived performance. The perceived performance showed a positive correlation with all the sports confidence subscales and self-confidence of the competitive state anxiety subscales (p < 0.01). However, it showed a negative correlation with cognitive and somatic anxiety (p < 0.01). Sports confidence had a statistically significant mediating effect between somatic anxiety and perceived performance and a statistically significant mediating effect between self-confidence and perceived performance (p < 0.05). It appeared that sports confidence and competitive state anxiety had a statistically significant effect on perceived.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Da-Ran Chun
- Graduated School of Physical Therapy, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Young Lee
- Department of Physical Therapy, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Woo Kim
- Virtual Rehabilitation Lab, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Young Cho
- Institutional Research Center, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung-Hee Lee
- Department of Physical Therapy, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
121
|
Radenković M, Lazić A, Stanković D, Cvetković M, Đorđić V, Petrović M, Tomović M, Kouidi E, Preljević A, Marković J, Berić D, Stojanović M, Kocić M, Aksović N, Petković E, Čoh M, Bogataj Š, Bubanj S. Effects of Combined Plyometric and Shooting Training on the Biomechanical Characteristics during the Made Jump Shot in Young Male Basketball Players. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 20:343. [PMID: 36612663 PMCID: PMC9819438 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: Shooting performance is one of the most important determinants of basketball success and is strongly influenced by vertical jump performance. A lot of research attention has been paid to training programs that may improve the vertical jump. However, the literature regarding the improvement of accuracy during the jump shot is limited. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of the combination of two training programs on explosive power of the lower extremities during the made jump shot. (2) Methods: A total of 61 male basketball players were assigned into training group (T, n = 31, age 15.32 ± 0.65) which was conducting a specific, i.e., experimental training program, and control group (C, n = 30, age 16.3 ± 0.71 years) involved in a regular training program. The experimental training program included specific plyometric training with shooting training which lasted for 10 weeks. The obtained data were processed by nonparametric statistics to determine the differences in the vertical jump outcomes, as well as to determine the level of impact of the experimental training program. Wilcoxon and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used. (3) Results: A significant improvement (p ≤ 0.05) was noticed in the T group, in every vertical jump variable (flight time, height of the jump, power, and speed of the jump during a jump shot for two and three points), while there was no improvement within the C group. (4) Conclusions: The combination of plyometric and shooting training has a positive impact on the explosive power of the lower extremities during the jump shot.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marko Radenković
- Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia
| | - Anja Lazić
- Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia
| | - Dušan Stanković
- Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia
| | - Milan Cvetković
- Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Višnja Đorđić
- Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Miloš Petrović
- Research Centre of Movement Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, 102 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Milena Tomović
- Sports Medicine Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Evangelia Kouidi
- Sports Medicine Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Adem Preljević
- Department of Biochemical Science and Sport, State University of Novi Pazar, 36300 Novi Pazar, Serbia
| | - Jovan Marković
- Faculty of Pedagogy, University of Kragujevac, 31000 Užice, Serbia
| | - Dragana Berić
- Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia
| | - Marko Stojanović
- Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Miodrag Kocić
- Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia
| | - Nikola Aksović
- Department of Biochemical Science and Sport, State University of Novi Pazar, 36300 Novi Pazar, Serbia
| | - Emilija Petković
- Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia
| | - Milan Čoh
- Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Špela Bogataj
- Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Saša Bubanj
- Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia
| |
Collapse
|
122
|
Farì G, Megna M, Ranieri M, Agostini F, Ricci V, Bianchi FP, Rizzo L, Farì E, Tognolo L, Bonavolontà V, Fiore P, Reis VM. Could the Improvement of Supraspinatus Muscle Activity Speed up Shoulder Pain Rehabilitation Outcomes in Wheelchair Basketball Players? Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 20:255. [PMID: 36612577 PMCID: PMC9819299 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Shoulder pain (SP) is a common clinical complaint among wheelchair basketball (WB) players, since their shoulders are exposed to intense overload and overhead movements. The supraspinatus tendon is the most exposed to WB-related injuries and it is primarily responsible for SP in WB athletes. In these cases, SP rehabilitation remains the main treatment, but there is still a lack of specific protocols which should be customized to WB players' peculiarities and to the supraspinatus muscle activity monitor, and the improvement of rehabilitation outcomes is slow. Thus, the aim of this study was to verify if the improvement of supraspinatus muscle activity, monitored in real time with surface electromyography (sEMG) during the execution of therapeutic exercises, could speed up SP rehabilitation outcomes in WB players. Thirty-three athletes were enrolled. They were divided into two groups. Both groups underwent the same shoulder rehabilitation program, but only the Exercise Plus sEMG Biofeedback Group executed therapeutic exercises while the activity of the supraspinatus muscles was monitored using sEMG. Participants were evaluated at enrollment (T0), at the end of 4 weeks of the rehabilitation program (T1), and 8 weeks after T1 (T2), using the following outcome measures: supraspinatus muscle activity as root mean square (RMS), Wheelchair User's Shoulder Pain Index (WUSPI), shoulder abduction, and external rotation range of motion (ROM). The Exercise Plus sEMG Biofeedback Group improved more and faster for all the outcomes compared to the Exercise Group. The monitoring and improvement of supraspinatus muscle activity seems to be an effective way to speed up SP rehabilitation outcomes in WB players, since it makes the performance of therapeutic exercise more precise and finalized, obtaining better and faster results in terms of recovery of shoulder function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Farì
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience (DiBraiN), Aldo Moro University, 70121 Bari, Italy
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technologies (Di.S.Te.B.A.), University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Marisa Megna
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience (DiBraiN), Aldo Moro University, 70121 Bari, Italy
| | - Maurizio Ranieri
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience (DiBraiN), Aldo Moro University, 70121 Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Agostini
- Department of Anatomical and Histological Sciences, Legal Medicine and Orthopedics, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Ricci
- Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine Unit, Luigi Sacco University Hospital, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Ludovica Rizzo
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technologies (Di.S.Te.B.A.), University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Eleonora Farì
- Complex Unit of Territorial Psychology, Department of Mental Health and Pathological Addictions, 40123 Bologna, Italy
| | - Lucrezia Tognolo
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Padua University, 35128 Padua, Italy
| | - Valerio Bonavolontà
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila Vetoio, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Pietro Fiore
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, IRCCS Institute of Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy
| | - Victor Machado Reis
- Research Centre in Sport Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
123
|
Prieto-Lage I, Vázquez-Estévez C, Paramés-González A, Argibay-González JC, Reguera-López-de-la-Osa X, Gutiérrez-Santiago A. Ball Screens in the Men's 2019 Basketball World Cup. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 20:59. [PMID: 36612379 PMCID: PMC9820029 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this research was to analyse the effectiveness and search for successful patterns in ball screens in the men's 2019 Basketball World Cup. METHODS The sample consisted of 515 ball screens obtained in critical moments. LINCE software was used as a registration instrument by means of an observational instrument designed ad hoc. A descriptive analysis and chi-square tests (χ2) were performed with SPSS 25.0 and a T-patterns analysis with Theme 5 software. RESULTS The results indicate that the criteria that have the most influence on this type of action are the result of the team executing the screen (winning, losing or tying), the type of offense and the defence used on the ball screen. The most representative patterns of success tend to take place between 9-16 s of possession, with the screeners being inside players and the screened players being outside players, and it is performed in the upper areas of the court against an individual type of defence and ending with the screened player advancing towards the basket or passing to an open teammate. CONCLUSIONS The data obtained will enable the coaching staff to train ball screens in accordance with specific game situations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iván Prieto-Lage
- Observational Research Group, Universidade de Vigo, 36005 Pontevedra, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Xoana Reguera-López-de-la-Osa
- Education, Physical Activity and Health Research Group (Gies10-DE3), Galicia Sur Health Research, Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, 36208 Vigo, Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|
124
|
Battaglini MP, Pessôa Filho DM, Calais SL, Miyazaki MCOS, Neiva CM, Espada MC, de Moraes MG, Verardi CEL. Analysis of Progressive Muscle Relaxation on Psychophysiological Variables in Basketball Athletes. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:17065. [PMID: 36554945 PMCID: PMC9778808 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192417065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a progressive muscle relaxation program on psychological (stress levels, anxiety, and mood states) and physiological (blood pressure and heart rate) variables in basketball athletes. Fifty-nine basketball players, aged 14 to 19 years, and members of Bauru Basket team, were recruited for this study and grouped into control group (CG, n = 30) and intervention group (IG, n = 29). The participants were evaluated, before and after the intervention, by the following means: Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2), to measure the pre-competitive anxiety state, i.e., how anxious each athlete felt just before the competition; Brunel Mood Scale (BRUMS), an instrument for early detection of overtraining syndrome; Recovery-Stress Questionnaire for Athletes (RESTQ-Sport), to identify the extent to which each athlete was physically or mentally stressed and the athlete's current capability for recovery; Athlete Burnout Questionnaire (ABQ), specifically developed for athletes. The IG athletes participated in 12 progressive muscle relaxation sessions, a practice for tensing or tightening a specific muscle until an ideal state of relaxation is reached. Each participant had blood pressure and heart rate measured before and after every session. The CG athletes were evaluated similarly to those in the IG but without relaxation. The results showed statistically significant differences in cognitive anxiety (p = 0.039) and specific stress (p = 0.016) between CG and IG before the intervention; in addition, a significant heart rate decrease (p < 0.01) between IG and CG was noted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Pavão Battaglini
- Graduate Program in Developmental Psychology and Learning, Faculty of Science, São Paulo State University, Bauru 17033-360, Brazil
- LAPEEF, LABOREH and MEFE Laboratories, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Science, São Paulo State University, Bauru 17033-360, Brazil
| | - Dalton Müller Pessôa Filho
- LAPEEF, LABOREH and MEFE Laboratories, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Science, São Paulo State University, Bauru 17033-360, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Human Developmental and Technologies, Biosciences Institute, São Paulo State University, Rio Claro 13506-900, Brazil
| | - Sandra Leal Calais
- Graduate Program in Developmental Psychology and Learning, Faculty of Science, São Paulo State University, Bauru 17033-360, Brazil
- LAPEEF, LABOREH and MEFE Laboratories, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Science, São Paulo State University, Bauru 17033-360, Brazil
| | | | - Cassiano Merussi Neiva
- LAPEEF, LABOREH and MEFE Laboratories, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Science, São Paulo State University, Bauru 17033-360, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Human Developmental and Technologies, Biosciences Institute, São Paulo State University, Rio Claro 13506-900, Brazil
- College of Medicine, Ribeirão Preto University, Ribeirão Preto 14096-900, Brazil
| | - Mário C. Espada
- Instituto Politécnico de Setúbal (ESE-CIEF, ESTSetúbal-CDP2T), 2914-504 Setúbal, Portugal
- Life Quality Research Centre (CIEQV-Leiria), Rio Maior, 2040-413 Santarém, Portugal
| | - Mayra Grava de Moraes
- Graduate Program in Developmental Psychology and Learning, Faculty of Science, São Paulo State University, Bauru 17033-360, Brazil
- LAPEEF, LABOREH and MEFE Laboratories, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Science, São Paulo State University, Bauru 17033-360, Brazil
| | - Carlos Eduardo Lopes Verardi
- Graduate Program in Developmental Psychology and Learning, Faculty of Science, São Paulo State University, Bauru 17033-360, Brazil
- LAPEEF, LABOREH and MEFE Laboratories, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Science, São Paulo State University, Bauru 17033-360, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
125
|
Abraldes JA, Conte Marín L, Manzano-Sánchez D, Gómez-López M, Sánchez-Alcaraz BJ. A cluster analysis of high-performance female team players' perceived motivational climate: Implications on perceived motor competence and autonomous behaviour. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0278572. [PMID: 36473001 PMCID: PMC9725133 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
High performance sport for females is an area which is gaining more and more relevance today, but which hasn't received the same research interest as sport for males. The aim of the present study was to analyse the motivational climate perceived by high performance female athletes and the implications on perceived motor competence and autonomous behaviour and check the differences according category, sport experience and training hours in performance and master climate. The participants were 615 female athletes who practice top level team sports, with ages comprised of 16 to 38 (M = 22,10; SD = 4,91). The sample consisted of two different categories: junior (n = 242) and senior (n = 373). These players participated in different team sports, specifically football, handball, basketball and volleyball, training between 6 and 24 hours a week (M = 8,34; DT = 4,33). The variables measured were: perceived motivational climate in sport, autonomous behaviour and perceived motor competence. A cluster analysis was carried out using, as a variable, the perceived motivational climate, and showing the existence of two profiles, one related to ego and the other to task. The multivariate analysis showed that the profile orientated towards the task had significant differences compared to the autonomous behaviour (M = 4.66 vs M = 3.41). At the same time an analysis was carried out looking at different social demographic variables, revealing how there were differences in the sports experience (those participants with more than ten years' experience were more orientated towards ego, compared to those with less than ten years' experience) and the category (junior athletes were more orientated towards the task, compared to senior athletes). It was concluded that a greater orientation towards the task can lead to an improvement in the perception of motor competence, with the youngest and least experienced athletes being the most prominent in this category.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J. Arturo Abraldes
- Department of Physical Activity and Sport, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Luis Conte Marín
- Department of Physical Activity and Sport, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Manuel Gómez-López
- Department of Physical Activity and Sport, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | | |
Collapse
|
126
|
Cai W, Baek S. Effects of 24-week basketball programme on body composition and functional fitness on adults with Down syndrome. J Intellect Disabil Res 2022; 66:939-951. [PMID: 35642288 PMCID: PMC9796735 DOI: 10.1111/jir.12951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The body index [body mass, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference and waist-height ratio] and functional fitness (aerobic capacity, muscular strength, balance, flexibility and functional ability) of people with Down syndrome (DS) are substantially lower than those in the general population, as DS has an overall negative impact on health. AIMS This study explored the effect of a 24-week basketball training programme on the body composition and functional fitness of adults with DS. METHODS AND PROCEDURE OUTCOMES Twenty-two adults with DS (24 ± 6 years; 25 ± 4 kg/m2 ) were randomly allocated to the experimental (n = 11, 67.04 kg) and control groups (n = 11, 69.36 kg). The experimental group performed 24 weeks of basketball programme training (3 times per week, 60 min per session), while the control group maintained their daily activities without any special physical training. Body composition and functional fitness parameters were measured before and after the intervention. To evaluate the differences between groups, an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used while controlling for differences at baseline. RESULTS Hip circumference and waist-height ratio were statistically different at baseline between the intervention and control groups. After the 24-week basketball training programme, the results showed significant differences between the exercise and control groups for hip circumference, body mass, BMI, waist circumference, hip circumference, waist-height ratio, flexibility, aerobic capacity, static and dynamic balance, balance and basketball functional ability (P < 0.05). The exercise group showed significant improvements in all variables of body composition and functional fitness (P < 0.05) except for the waist-hip ratio. There was no statistical significance between all physical composition and functional health variables in the control group except for the standing long jump (P > 0.05), with effect sizes ranging from small to large. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The basketball training programme improved body composition and functional fitness of adults with DS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W. Cai
- School of Physical EducationAnhui Normal UniversityWuhuChina
- Exercise Rehabilitation Research InstituteSangmyung UniversitySeoulKorea
| | - S.‐S. Baek
- Exercise Rehabilitation Research InstituteSangmyung UniversitySeoulKorea
| |
Collapse
|
127
|
Bojkowski Ł. Psychological Femininity and Masculinity and Motivation in Team Sports. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:15767. [PMID: 36497841 PMCID: PMC9735654 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192315767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
It is hypothesized that levels of femininity and masculinity may be relevant to specific types of engagement in action. For this reason, the aim of this study was to search for relationships between psychological dimensions of femininity and masculinity and different forms of motivation, as well as their specific parts, among women and male athletes practicing team sports games. We researched 49 women aged 19 to 32 years representing sports such as football, handball, hockey, volleyball, and basketball and 56 men aged 18 to 31 years practicing football, hockey, volleyball, basketball, and handball. The respondents completed the Inventory to Assess Psychological Gender (IPP) and the Polish adaptation of the Sport Motivation Scale (SMS). It was determined that the psychological dimension of femininity was (in the male group) positively related to the dimension of amotivation, i.e., the lack of perception of a relationship between one's action and the outcome. In turn, the psychological dimension of masculinity was positively related to the motivation to know, motivation to accomplish, and motivation to experience stimulation, as well as the overall level of intrinsic motivation and the overall dimension of extrinsic motivation. Furthermore, the masculinity dimension is, in male athletes, related to the level of the introjection motive, i.e., the process of integrating accepted patterns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Bojkowski
- Department of Psychology, Poznan University of Physical Education, Królowej Jadwigi 27/39, 61-871 Poznań, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
128
|
Boros Z, Toth K, Csurilla G, Sterbenz T. A Comparison of 5v5 and 3x3 Men's Basketball Regarding Shot Selection and Efficiency. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:15137. [PMID: 36429856 PMCID: PMC9690679 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192215137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Both in 5v5 and 3x3 basketball, the goal of the players is to score more points than the opponent. However, the differences in rules between two basketball disciplines can affect thinking, behaviour, and decisions of the players. A core difference between two disciplines is the value of the shots. In 5v5, long-range shots are worth three points and close-range two, while in 3x3, their values are two and one points, respectively. As the value ratio of the close and long-range shots is greater in 3x3, we assume that players make different decisions about their shot selection in 3x3 than in 5v5, which can affect offensive efficiency. METHODS We analysed game statistics of the 2019 men's 5v5 and 3x3 Basketball World Cups. Besides regular statistical indicators, we applied relative offensive rating to be able to compare the two disciplines. RESULTS The analysis of relative offensive rating showed that offences are more effective in 5v5 than in 3x3. We also found significant difference in shot selection and efficiency. In 3x3, there is a higher proportion of the shots than in 5v5, but long-range shots are more successful in 5v5. CONCLUSIONS For rule differences that affect player's shot selection and affect offensive efficiency, their decisions are characterized by ecological dynamics and naturalistic decision-making.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zoltan Boros
- School of Doctoral Studies, Hungarian University of Sports Science, 1123 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Kata Toth
- Sport Economics and Decision Making Research Centre, Hungarian University of Sports Science, 1123 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gergely Csurilla
- Sport Economics and Decision Making Research Centre, Hungarian University of Sports Science, 1123 Budapest, Hungary
- Institute of Economics, Centre for Economic and Regional Studies, 1097 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamas Sterbenz
- Sport Economics and Decision Making Research Centre, Hungarian University of Sports Science, 1123 Budapest, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
129
|
Popowczak M, Horička P, Šimonek J, Domaradzki J. The Functional Form of the Relationship between Body Height, Body Mass Index and Change of Direction Speed, Agility in Elite Female Basketball and Handball Players. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:15038. [PMID: 36429756 PMCID: PMC9690803 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192215038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the functional form of the relationship between two anthropometric measurements-body height (BH) and body mass index (BMI)-and two motor abilities-change of direction speed (CODS) and agility (AG)-in female elite basketball and handball players. It was hypothesized that BH and BMI might be significantly associated with AG and CODS. Two scenarios of the Five-Time Shuttle Run to Gates test (planned and unplanned) were used to evaluate the CODS and AG. Two forms of models were built to assess functional forms of the relationships between CODS and AG vs. BH and BMI: simple linear regression and binomial curvilinear regression for each type of team sport. The results confirmed the relationships between both anthropometric measurements and motor abilities only in HB, whereas in BB only a significant relationship was noted between BH and AG. Moreover, two curvilinear functional forms of the relationship were identified: inverted L-shape and inverted U-shape. Therefore, it was concluded that the first form of function indicated an initially proportional relationship between anthropometric measurement and motor test results and plateau after reaching a certain value of the BH or BMI. Similarly, the second form of function indicated the peak value of the BH or BMI which is threshold for the value of the anthropometric measurement when a progressive effect in the functional feature occurs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marek Popowczak
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Wroclaw University of Health and Sport Sciences, I.J. Paderewskiego 35, 51-612 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Pavol Horička
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 1, 94901 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Jaromir Šimonek
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 1, 94901 Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Jarosław Domaradzki
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Wroclaw University of Health and Sport Sciences, I.J. Paderewskiego 35, 51-612 Wroclaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
130
|
Vico-Moreno E, Sastre-Munar A, Fernández-Domínguez JC, Romero-Franco N. Motor Control and Regularity of Menstrual Cycle in Ankle and Knee Injuries of Female Basketball Players: A Cohort Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:14357. [PMID: 36361236 PMCID: PMC9654706 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192114357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Inadequate motor control facilitates ankle and knee injuries in female basketball. Although biomechanical analysis could help to detect it, aspects such as irregular menstruation make these associations controversial. We aimed to evaluate associations between 2D biomechanics during landing and proprioception with ankle and knee injuries of female basketball players, considering their menstruation regularity. Seventy-one players participated in this study. In the preseason, participants performed a drop-jump to obtain biomechanics during landing and a weight-bearing proprioception test. During the competitive season, all the non-contact ankle and knee injuries were registered. Data showed that 16% of players sustained an ankle or knee injury, being more frequent in players with irregular menstruation compared to regulars (22% vs. 13%, χ2 = 6.009, p = 0.050, d = 0.6). Players who sustained a left-side injury displayed higher left-side dynamic valgus during landing than uninjured players (χ2 = 25.88, p = 0.006, d = 1.5). The rest of the variables did not show any significant difference (p > 0.05). Monitoring 2D dynamic valgus from a drop-jump could help to detect inadequate motor control that may facilitate ankle or knee injuries of female basketball players, mainly for those with irregular menstruation. Proprioception seems not to be related to injuries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Vico-Moreno
- Nursing and Physiotherapy Department, University of the Balearic Islands, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Andreu Sastre-Munar
- Nursing and Physiotherapy Department, University of the Balearic Islands, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- Sport High Performance Centre of Balearic Islands, E-07009 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Fernández-Domínguez
- Nursing and Physiotherapy Department, University of the Balearic Islands, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), E-07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Natalia Romero-Franco
- Nursing and Physiotherapy Department, University of the Balearic Islands, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), E-07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
131
|
Ramirez-Campillo R, García-Hermoso A, Moran J, Chaabene H, Negra Y, Scanlan AT. The effects of plyometric jump training on physical fitness attributes in basketball players: A meta-analysis. J Sport Health Sci 2022; 11:656-670. [PMID: 33359798 PMCID: PMC9729929 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2020.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a growing body of experimental evidence examining the effects of plyometric jump training (PJT) on physical fitness attributes in basketball players; however, this evidence has not yet been comprehensively and systematically aggregated. Therefore, our objective was to meta-analyze the effects of PJT on physical fitness attributes in basketball players, in comparison to a control condition. METHODS A systematic literature search was conducted in the databases PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus, up to July 2020. Peer-reviewed controlled trials with baseline and follow-up measurements investigating the effects of PJT on physical fitness attributes (muscle power, i.e., jumping performance, linear sprint speed, change-of-direction speed, balance, and muscle strength) in basketball players, with no restrictions on their playing level, sex, or age. Hedge's g effect sizes (ES) were calculated for physical fitness variables. Using a random-effects model, potential sources of heterogeneity were selected, including subgroup analyses (age, sex, body mass, and height) and single training factor analysis (program duration, training frequency, and total number of training sessions). Computation of meta-regression was also performed. RESULTS Thirty-two studies were included, involving 818 total basketball players. Significant (p < 0.05) small-to-large effects of PJT were evident on vertical jump power (ES = 0.45), countermovement jump height with (ES = 1.24) and without arm swing (ES = 0.88), squat jump height (ES = 0.80), drop jump height (ES = 0.53), horizontal jump distance (ES = 0.65), linear sprint time across distances ≤10 m (ES = 1.67) and >10 m (ES = 0.92), change-of-direction performance time across distances ≤40 m (ES = 1.15) and >40 m (ES = 1.02), dynamic (ES = 1.16) and static balance (ES = 1.48), and maximal strength (ES = 0.57). The meta-regression revealed that training duration, training frequency, and total number of sessions completed did not predict the effects of PJT on physical fitness attributes. Subgroup analysis indicated greater improvements in older compared to younger players in horizontal jump distance (>17.15 years, ES = 2.11; ≤17.15 years, ES = 0.10; p < 0.001), linear sprint time >10 m (>16.3 years, ES = 1.83; ≤16.3 years, ES = 0.36; p = 0.010), and change-of-direction performance time ≤40 m (>16.3 years, ES = 1.65; ≤16.3 years, ES = 0.75; p = 0.005). Greater increases in horizontal jump distance were apparent with >2 compared with ≤2 weekly PJT sessions (ES = 2.12 and ES = 0.39, respectively; p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Data from 32 studies (28 of which demonstrate moderate-to-high methodological quality) indicate PJT improves muscle power, linear sprint speed, change-of-direction speed, balance, and muscle strength in basketball players independent of sex, age, or PJT program variables. However, the beneficial effects of PJT as measured by horizontal jump distance, linear sprint time >10 m, and change-of-direction performance time ≤40 m, appear to be more evident among older basketball players.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo
- Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Universidad de Los Lagos, Osorno 5290000, Chile; Centro de Investigación en Fisiología del Ejercicio, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Santiago 7500000, Chile.
| | - Antonio García-Hermoso
- Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona 31008, Spain; Laboratorio de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, el Deporte y la Salud, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, USACH, Santiago 9170020, Chile
| | - Jason Moran
- School of Sport, Rehabilitation and Exercise Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, Essex, CO4 3SQ, United Kingdom
| | - Helmi Chaabene
- Division of Training and Movement Sciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam 14469, Germany; High Institute of Sports and Physical Education, Kef, University of Jendouba, La Manouba 8189, Tunisia
| | - Yassine Negra
- Research Unit (UR 17JS01, Sport Performance, Health & Society), Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar Saîd, University of "La Manouba", Rockhampton 2037, Tunisia
| | - Aaron T Scanlan
- Human Exercise and Training Laboratory, School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, Queensland, QLD 4702, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
132
|
Nho H, Kim KA. Effects of Grape Seed Extract Supplementation on Endothelial Function and Endurance Performance in Basketball Players. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:14223. [PMID: 36361103 PMCID: PMC9658680 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192114223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
While dietary polyphenols supplements can improve endothelial function and blood flow to exercise, the effects of chronic supplementation with grape seed extract (GSE) containing a high dose of polyphenols on endurance performance are not known. Accordingly, in 12 elite athletes, we compared the effects of both GSE and placebo (PL) on submaximal VO2, time to exhaustion performance, and endothelial function during progressive cycling exercise for 14 days. Endothelial function was evaluated from the brachial artery via flow-mediated dilation (FMD). Compared to PL, GSE decreased submaximal VO2 at 80% and 120% of VO2peak and increased the time to exhaustion (p < 0.05). GSE also resulted in FMD-induced increase in brachial artery diameter (14.4 ± 5.2% vs. 17.6 ± 4.5%, p = 0.035). We demonstrated that chronic supplementation with GSE improved endurance performance and these effects may partially be due to vasodilation in active skeletal muscle mediated by enhanced endothelial function. Thus, our results suggest that GSE appears to be an ergogenic nutraceutical that can improve exercise performance in elite athletes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hosung Nho
- Department of Liberal Arts and Science, Suwon Women’s University, Onjeong Street 72, Gweonseon-gu, Suwon-si 16632, Korea
| | - Kyung-Ae Kim
- Human IT Solution, Gogum Building 1F, 2F, Banpo-daero, 55, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06670, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
133
|
Tebourski K, Bernier M, Ben Salha M, Souissi N, Fournier JF. Effects of Mindfulness for Performance Programme on Actual Performance in Ecological Sport Context: Two Studies in Basketball and Table Tennis. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:12950. [PMID: 36232246 PMCID: PMC9566779 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Mindfulness For Performance is a programme that has been developed over 15 years. It aims to help athletes maintain effective attentional focus regardless of the disruptive sensations and thoughts induced by the performance situation. It is inspired by Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction and Acceptance Commitment Therapy programmes and has been adapted to the specificities of sport. It is composed of three steps: (a) psychoeducation and identification of the focus of attention, (b) mindfulness and acceptance training, and (c) integrating skills acquired into training and competition. This article reports the effects of MFP in two studies in national basketball players and in young table tennis players. The first study showed that mindfulness skills and free-throw accuracy during basketball games increased more in the experimental group than in the control group. Table tennis results revealed that participants who showed the highest percentage of adherence to the programme benefited more from MFP training in terms of performance outcome (i.e., accumulated points collected from published results compared with the baseline phase) than participants who showed weaker percentages of adherence to the programme. Both studies provided some evidence on the effects of MFP on specific performance indicators (i.e., free-throw accuracy in basketball and ranking points in table tennis), but this needs to be confirmed by further research measuring other relevant performance indicators. The impact and conditions of adherence also deserve more consideration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karima Tebourski
- Activité Physique Sport et Santé, Observatoire National du Sport, 1003 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Marjorie Bernier
- Faculté des Sciences du Sport, CREAD, EA 3875, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, 29238 Brest, France
| | - Manel Ben Salha
- UFR STAPS, LINP2, Université Paris Nanterre, 92001 Nanterre, France
| | - Nizar Souissi
- Activité Physique Sport et Santé, Observatoire National du Sport, 1003 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Jean F. Fournier
- UFR STAPS, LINP2, Université Paris Nanterre, 92001 Nanterre, France
| |
Collapse
|
134
|
Marušič J, Šarabon N. Hip adduction and abduction strength in youth male soccer and basketball players with and without groin pain in the past year. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0275650. [PMID: 36197941 PMCID: PMC9534424 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to 1) assess the differences between youth soccer and basketball players with and without past year groin pain (GP) in hip adduction and abduction strength and several training characteristics (age at the start of regular training, weekly training frequency, warm-up and training duration, use of stretching and/or stabilisation exercises during warm-up, use of resistance training); 2) present strength reference values for youth soccer and basketball players. 227 players participated (age 16.9 ± 1.4 years; height 184.2 ± 8.5 cm; mass 75.5 ± 11.9 kg). Hip adduction and abduction strength was measured in supine position (hip, knee and ankle in neutral position) using a MuscleBoard dynamometer. Interlimb asymmetries and hip adduction:abduction ratios were calculated. Past year GP and training characteristics were assessed with a retrospective questionnaire. 11.9% of players reported past year GP (16.9% in soccer and 6.4% in basketball). The only significant difference between the past year GP and the control groups was found in the age of the players at the start of regular training (7.2 ± 1.8 years for the GP group vs. 8.5 ± 2.6 years for the control group). Additionally, soccer players without past year GP have significantly higher hip adduction strength (1.1 ± 0.2 Nm/kg vs. 1.0 ± 0.2 Nm/kg) and adduction:abduction strength ratio (1.10 ± 0.18 vs. 1.03 ± 0.16) compared to basketball players. Our results show that hip adduction and abduction strength, interlimb asymmetry and hip adduction:abduction ratio do not differentiate between players with and without past year GP (p = 0.29-0.90), which means that their adduction or abduction strength can be analysed regardless of the GP presence in the past year. Additionally, players with past year GP started regularly training at significantly lower age, which could indicate the problematic nature of early/premature sports specialisation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Marušič
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Primorska, Izola, Slovenia
| | - Nejc Šarabon
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Primorska, Izola, Slovenia
- Science to Practice, Ltd., Laboratory for Motor Control and Motor Behavior, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
135
|
Liu T, Wassell N, Liu J, Zhang M. Mapping Research Trends of Adapted Sport from 2001 to 2020: A Bibliometric Analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:12644. [PMID: 36231944 PMCID: PMC9564994 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To identify the research landscape in terms of keywords, annual outputs, journals, countries, and institutions and explore the hot topics and prospects regarding adapted sport research. MATERIALS AND METHODS Publications designated as "article" on adapted sport retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection. VOSviewer 1.6.11, Citespace, and Bibliometrix in R Studio were applied for the bibliometric analyses. RESULTS A total of 1887 articles were identified. Over the past two decades, athletic performance, sociology/psychology, and rehabilitation were extensively investigated. Basketball, soccer, and swimming were the three most focused adapted sports. Researchers showed a growing interest in submitting their studies to sport science, rehabilitation, and sociological journals. Adapted sport research was more common in developed countries and regions. The UK contributed most publications accounting for about 20% of the total publications. CONCLUSIONS With the growth of publications concerning adapted sport, the bibliometric analysis presented an overview of collaboration, trends, and hotspots in the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- School of Kinesiology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Nicole Wassell
- Department of Physical Education and Health Education, Springfield College, Springfield, MA 01109, USA
| | - John Liu
- Department of Physical Education and Health Education, Springfield College, Springfield, MA 01109, USA
| | - Meiqi Zhang
- Department of Physical Education and Health Education, Springfield College, Springfield, MA 01109, USA
| |
Collapse
|
136
|
Arede J, Fernandes JFT, Schöllhorn WI, Leite N. Differential Repeated Sprinting Training in Youth Basketball Players: An Analysis of Effects According to Maturity Status. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:12265. [PMID: 36231570 PMCID: PMC9566386 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The differential learning approach, which includes fluctuations that occur without movement repetitions and without corrections has received growing interest in the skill acquisition field. This study aimed to determine the effects of a 9-week training intervention involving differential repeated sprint training on a series of physical tests in youth basketball players. A total of 29 participants with different maturity statuses (pre-peak height velocity (PHV), n = 7; mid-PHV, n = 6; post-PHV, n = 16) completed 2 sessions per week of differential repeated sprint training for a period of 9 weeks. Sessions consisted of 2 × 10 repetitions sprints of 20-m whereby participants were instructed to perform various additional fluctuations for each repetition. Before and after the training intervention, participants completed jumping tests (countermovement jump (CMJ), single-leg CMJs, the modified 505 agility test, and straight sprinting tests (0-10 splits time), and maturity status was evaluated as well. Within-group analysis showed improvement in CMJ asymmetries and changes in direction asymmetries and 10-m sprint performance for the pre-, mid-, and post-PHV groups, respectively (p < 0.05), with large to very large effects. Analysis of covariance demonstrated that changes in sprint time in post-PHV players were greater than in the pre- and mid-PHV groups (p < 0.05), with moderate effect. Adding random fluctuations during repeated sprint training appear to be a suitable and feasible training strategy for maintaining and enhancing physical performance in youth basketball players, irrespective of maturity status. Furthermore, the present findings encourage practitioners to implement the present approach in youth athletes to improve their physical performance, but they should be aware that training response can vary according to maturity status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Arede
- Department of Sports Sciences, Exercise and Health, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- School of Education, Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, 3504-501 Viseu, Portugal
- Department of Sports, Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the Douro, 4560-708 Penafiel, Portugal
- School of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Campus de Villaviciosa de Odón, 28670 Villaviciosa de Odón, Spain
| | - John F. T. Fernandes
- School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff CF23 6XD, UK
| | - Wolfgang I. Schöllhorn
- Institute of Sport Science, Training and Movement Science, University of Mainz, 55122 Mainz, Germany
| | - Nuno Leite
- School of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Campus de Villaviciosa de Odón, 28670 Villaviciosa de Odón, Spain
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, CIDESD, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
137
|
Adillón C, Gallegos M, Treviño S, Salvat I. Ankle Joint Dorsiflexion Reference Values in Non-Injured Youth Federated Basketball Players: A Cross-Sectional Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:11740. [PMID: 36142013 PMCID: PMC9517286 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: The aim of the present study was to establish ankle joint dorsiflexion reference values among youth federated basketball players. (2) Methods: Cross-sectional study. The participants were basketball players who belonged to youth basketball developmental teams (female and male) from under-12 (U12) to under-17 (U17) categories. Ankle joint dorsiflexion range of motion was evaluated with the weight-bearing lunge test through the Leg Motion system. The distance achieved was recorded in centimeters. (3) Results: 693 basketball players who met the eligibility criteria and volunteered to participate were included in the study. The mean (SD) of ankle joint dorsiflexion was 10.68 (2.44) cm and the reference values were: excessive hypomobility < 6.09 (0.54) cm; hypomobility 6.09 (0.88) cm-8.43 (0.77) cm; normal 8.44 (0.77)-13.11 (0.79) cm; hypermobility 13.11 (0.74)-15.44 (0.86) cm; and excessive hypermobility >15.44 (0.86) cm. (4) Conclusions: This study provides ankle joint dorsiflexion reference values in youth basketball players from 12 to under 17 years old.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Adillón
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43003 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Montse Gallegos
- Health Department, Catalan Basketball Federation, 08018 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Silvia Treviño
- Health Department, Catalan Basketball Federation, 08018 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isabel Salvat
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43003 Tarragona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
138
|
Zwierko T, Lesiakowski P, Redondo B, Vera J. Examining the ability to track multiple moving targets as a function of postural stability: a comparison between team sports players and sedentary individuals. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13964. [PMID: 36071825 PMCID: PMC9443790 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The ability to track multiple objects plays a key role in team ball sports actions. However, there is a lack of research focused on identifying multiple object tracking (MOT) performance under rapid, dynamic and ecologically valid conditions. Therefore, we aimed to assess the effects of manipulating postural stability on MOT performance. Methods Nineteen team sports players (soccer, basketball, handball) and sixteen sedentary individuals performed the MOT task under three levels of postural stability (high, medium, and low). For the MOT task, participants had to track three out of eight balls for 10 s, and the object speed was adjusted following a staircase procedure. For postural stability manipulation, participants performed three identical protocols (randomized order) of the MOT task while standing on an unstable platform, using the training module of the Biodex Balance System SD at levels 12 (high-stability), eight (medium-stability), and four (low-stability). Results We found that the ability to track moving targets is dependent on the balance stability conditions (F2,66 = 8.7, p < 0.001, η² = 0.09), with the disturbance of postural stability having a negative effect on MOT performance. Moreover, when compared to sedentary individuals, team sports players showed better MOT scores for the high-stability and the medium-stability conditions (corrected p-value = 0.008, Cohen's d = 0.96 and corrected p-value = 0.009, Cohen's d = 0.94; respectively) whereas no differences were observed for the more unstable conditions (low-stability) between-groups. Conclusions The ability to track moving targets is sensitive to the level of postural stability, with the disturbance of balance having a negative effect on MOT performance. Our results suggest that expertise in team sports training is transferred to non-specific sport domains, as shown by the better performance exhibited by team sports players in comparison to sedentary individuals. This study provides novel insights into the link between individual's ability to track multiple moving objects and postural control in team sports players and sedentary individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Zwierko
- Institute of Physical Culture Sciences, Laboratory of Kinesiology, Functional and Structural Human Research Center, University of Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Piotr Lesiakowski
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Beatriz Redondo
- CLARO (Clinical and Laboratory Applications of Research in Optometry) Research Group, Department of Optics, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Jesús Vera
- CLARO (Clinical and Laboratory Applications of Research in Optometry) Research Group, Department of Optics, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
139
|
Fukui K, Maeda N, Sasadai J, Shimizu R, Tsutsumi S, Arima S, Tashiro T, Kaneda K, Yoshimi M, Mizuta R, Abekura T, Esaki H, Terada T, Komiya M, Suzuki A, Urabe Y. Analysis of wheelchair falls in team sports at the Paralympic Games: video-based descriptive comparison between the Rio 2016 and Tokyo 2020 games. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e060937. [PMID: 36041763 PMCID: PMC9438005 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-060937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To identify the fall characteristics of athletes in wheelchair rugby and wheelchair basketball during the Tokyo 2020 Paralympic Games and descriptively compare these with those of the Rio 2016 Paralympic Games. DESIGN Cross-sectional analysis. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES We obtained video footage from the International Paralympic Committee of the Tokyo 2020 Paralympic Games that included 8 teams from each of the 18 wheelchair rugby and 10 wheelchair basketball games (men and women). The data were analysed to evaluate the number of falls, class difference (low or high pointer), time of play during the fall, phase of play, contact with other athletes, fall direction, fall location and the body part that first contacted the floor during the fall. These data from the Rio 2016 and Tokyo 2020 games were compared. RESULTS Overall, 430 falls (rugby, 104; men's basketball, 230 and women's basketball, 96) occurred (average per game ±SD: 5.8±3.1, 23.0±5.4 and 9.6±5.0, respectively). Significant differences in class, direction, fall location and body part point of contact between the three sports were observed. In wheelchair rugby, falls occurred mainly in high pointers and tended to be more lateral due to contact. In wheelchair basketball, falls occurred more in female high-pointers and in male low pointers, with more forward falls due to forward contact. Unlike in the Rio 2016 games, no difference between the events based on the presence or absence of contact was observed in the Tokyo 2020 games. CONCLUSIONS The number of falls increased in Tokyo 2020 compared with Rio 2016, with no significant difference in the characteristics of falls between the Rio 2016 and Tokyo 2020 games. Only in men's wheelchair basketball, the number of falls in low pointers significantly increased in the Tokyo 2020 games when compared with that in the Rio 2016 games.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Fukui
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Noriaki Maeda
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Junpei Sasadai
- Sports Medical Center, Japan Institute of Sports Sciences (JISS), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Reia Shimizu
- Sports Medical Center, Japan Institute of Sports Sciences (JISS), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shogo Tsutsumi
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Satoshi Arima
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tsubasa Tashiro
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kazuki Kaneda
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Yoshimi
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Rami Mizuta
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takeru Abekura
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hinata Esaki
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tomoki Terada
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Makoto Komiya
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Akira Suzuki
- Sports Medical Center, Japan Institute of Sports Sciences (JISS), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukio Urabe
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
140
|
Cabarkapa D, Deane MA, Fry AC, Jones GT, Cabarkapa DV, Philipp NM, Yu D. Game statistics that discriminate winning and losing at the NBA level of basketball competition. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0273427. [PMID: 35984813 PMCID: PMC9390892 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0273427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to examine differences in game-related statistical parameters between National Basketball Association (NBA) regular and post-season competitive periods and to determine which variables have the greatest contribution in discriminating between winning and losing game outcomes. The data scraping technique was used to obtain publicly available NBA game-related statistics over a three-year span (2016–2019). The total number of games examined in the present investigation was 3933 (3690 regular season and 243 post-season games). Despite small to moderate effect sizes, the findings suggest that NBA teams’ style of play (i.e., tactical strategies) changes when transitioning from the regular to post-season competitive period. It becomes more conservative (i.e., fewer field goal attempts, assists, steals, turnovers, and points scored), most likely due to greater defensive pressure. Discriminant function analysis correctly classified winning and losing game outcomes during the regular and post-season competitive periods in 82.8% and 87.2% of cases, respectively. Two key game-related statistics capable of discriminating between winning and losing game outcomes were field goal percentage and defensive rebounding, accounting for 13.6% and 14.2% of the total percentage of explained variance during the regular season and 11.5% and 14.7% during post-season competitive periods. Also, overall shooting efficiency (i.e., free-throw, 2-point, and 3-point combined) accounted for 23–26% of the total percentage of explained variance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrije Cabarkapa
- Jayhawk Athletic Performance Laboratory–Wu Tsai Human Performance Alliance, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Michael A. Deane
- Jayhawk Athletic Performance Laboratory–Wu Tsai Human Performance Alliance, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States of America
| | - Andrew C. Fry
- Jayhawk Athletic Performance Laboratory–Wu Tsai Human Performance Alliance, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States of America
| | - Grant T. Jones
- Jayhawk Athletic Performance Laboratory–Wu Tsai Human Performance Alliance, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States of America
| | - Damjana V. Cabarkapa
- Jayhawk Athletic Performance Laboratory–Wu Tsai Human Performance Alliance, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States of America
| | - Nicolas M. Philipp
- Jayhawk Athletic Performance Laboratory–Wu Tsai Human Performance Alliance, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States of America
| | - Daniel Yu
- Jayhawk Athletic Performance Laboratory–Wu Tsai Human Performance Alliance, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
141
|
Omodani T, Takahashi K, Ueno K. Ultrasound-guided screw fixation for patellar stress fracture in a female basketball player: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e30040. [PMID: 35984166 PMCID: PMC9387984 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000030040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Stress fracture of the patella is an overuse disorder that occurs in the lower extremity. Surgery may be considered if conservative treatment does not work or if a quicker and more reliable return to sports is expected. Surgery is usually performed under fluoroscopic guidance based on the premise that the proper placement of the internal fixation material can be determined on radiographic images. PATIENT CONCERNS A 16-year-old female basketball player gradually became aware of pain in the anterior aspect of her right knee during basketball, without any particular history of trauma. A computed tomography scan revealed a small bone fragment on the lateral side of the distal end of the patella. DIAGNOSIS Stress fracture of the patella. INTERVENTIONS Since it was difficult to determine the exact location of the bone fragment on radiographs, the surgery was performed under ultrasound guidance rather than fluoroscopy. While checking the bone fragment with ultrasound images, insertion of the guide pin, drilling, and screw fixation were performed under ultrasound guidance. OUTCOMES Postoperative computed tomography showed accurate screw insertion into the bone fragment. Two months after surgery, bony fusion was confirmed, and the patient returned to her preinjury level of basketball. CONCLUSION Ultrasound-guided screw fixation was useful in this case in which internal fixation of fractures is difficult under fluoroscopic guidance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toru Omodani
- Sports Medicine & Joint Center, Funabashi Orthopedic Hospital, Funabashi, Japan
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
- *Correspondence: Toru Omodani, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 (e-mail: )
| | - Kenji Takahashi
- Sports Medicine & Joint Center, Funabashi Orthopedic Hospital, Funabashi, Japan
| | - Keishin Ueno
- Sports Medicine & Joint Center, Funabashi Orthopedic Hospital, Funabashi, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
142
|
Meng Q. Study on Strength and Quality Training of Youth Basketball Players. Comput Math Methods Med 2022; 2022:4676968. [PMID: 36035292 PMCID: PMC9410854 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4676968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In order to scientifically explore the effective path of strength quality training of basketball players and improve the effect of strength quality training of basketball players, this paper takes young basketball players as the research object and comprehensively observes the changes and improvement of strength quality by building a strength training monitoring system for basketball players. On this basis, it is proposed to integrate blood flow restriction and basketball players' special strength training. Through the comparison with the traditional resistance strength training method, it is found that after 8 weeks of experimental comparison, the athletes' strength quality test indicators show that the average 3RM of the experimental group 1 bench press is 65.2 kg, the experimental group 2 is 65.7 kg, and the experimental group 3 is 72.2 kg. The average performance of the traditional control group was 55.4 kg. Compared with the traditional group, the average performance of the three experimental groups in bench press was significantly improved, which also verified the feasibility of this method in strength quality training.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qinghui Meng
- Shanxi University, Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province 030006, China
| |
Collapse
|
143
|
Ghanati HA, Letafatkar A, Shojaedin S, Hadadnezhad M, Schöllhorn WI. Comparing the Effects of Differential Learning, Self-Controlled Feedback, and External Focus of Attention Training on Biomechanical Risk Factors of Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) in Athletes: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:ijerph191610052. [PMID: 36011685 PMCID: PMC9408147 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191610052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The current study aimed to compare the possible effects of differential learning strategy, self-controlled feedback, and external focus of attention on kinetic and kinematic risk factors of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury in athletes. Forty-eight male athletes from three sports of handball, volleyball and basketball were selected for this study and were randomly divided into four groups: differential learning (n = 12), self-control feedback (n = 12), external focus (n = 12), and control (n = 12) group. All groups followed the intervention for eight weeks with three sessions per week. Data were analyzed by means of 4 × 2 repeated measures ANOVA followed by post hoc comparison (Bonferroni) at the significance level of p ≤ 0.05. A significant group × time interaction and the main effect of time was found for most kinetic and kinematic variables. The main effect of the group was significant only at the knee abduction angle. Differential learning and external focus of attention methods positively reduced the kinetic and kinematic variables that are considered risk factors for ACL injury. However, the effect sizes (Cohen's d) for the changes in most of the variables were larger for the differential learning group. Tailoring the boundary conditions that are based on the manipulations created in the exercise through variability and variety of movements associated with differential learning methods rather than repeating movements could reduce the risk of ACL injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Abbaszadeh Ghanati
- Department of Biomechanics and Sport Injury, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran 1571914911, Iran
- Correspondence: (H.A.G.); (A.L.); (W.I.S.)
| | - Amir Letafatkar
- Department of Biomechanics and Sport Injury, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran 1571914911, Iran
- Correspondence: (H.A.G.); (A.L.); (W.I.S.)
| | - Sadredin Shojaedin
- Department of Biomechanics and Sport Injury, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran 1571914911, Iran
| | - Malihe Hadadnezhad
- Department of Biomechanics and Sport Injury, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran 1571914911, Iran
| | - Wolfgang I. Schöllhorn
- Department for Training and Movement Science, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55122 Mainz, Germany
- Correspondence: (H.A.G.); (A.L.); (W.I.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
144
|
Coetzee D, de Waal E. An Exploratory Investigation of the Effect of a Sports Vision Program on Grade 4 and 5 Female Netball Players' Visual Skills. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:9864. [PMID: 36011502 PMCID: PMC9408284 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19169864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Vision is one of the most complex and dominant sensory systems necessary for information feedback from the environment. Few studies have already reported a positive effect of a sport vision program on elite sport teams' visual skills; however, few studies have focused on the effect of sport vision programs on children's visual skills. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of a sports vision program on Grade 4 and 5 female netball players' visual skills. Girls (N = 25) with a mean age of 10.08 years (SD = 0.65) formed part of this study. A pre-test-post-test design was followed with a retention test. The eight-week sports vision program was executed twice a week for 60 min on the experimental group (n = 13). The Developmental Test of Visual-Motor Integration (VMI-4), the Wayne Saccadic Fixator (WSF) and the Developmental Eye Movement (DEM) test were used to evaluate the girls' visual skills, hand-eye coordination, visual reaction time, peripheral vision and saccadic eye movements. No statistical differences were found between the two groups before starting with the sports vision program. After intervention, significant differences between the two groups were reported, with the experimental group performing better in hand-eye coordination (p = 0.001) and reaction time (p = 0.001). Results further indicated that the experimental group experienced significant improvements (p ≤ 0.05) in motor coordination, hand-eye coordination, reaction speed and visual tracking after intervention with significant lasting effects (p ≤ 0.05). The control group performed significantly worse in reaction time (p = 0.01). A sports vision program can be recommended for Grade 4 and 5 female netball players to improve certain visual skills.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dané Coetzee
- Physical Activity, Sport and Recreation (PhASRec), Focus Area, Faculty of Health Science, School of Human Movement Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, Potchefstroom 2531, South Africa
| | - Elna de Waal
- Physical Activity, Sport and Recreation (PhASRec), Focus Area, Faculty of Health Science, School of Human Movement Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, Potchefstroom 2531, South Africa
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9301, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
145
|
Parpa K, Michaelides M. Anterior-Posterior and Inter-Limb Lower Body Strength Asymmetry in Soccer, Basketball, Futsal, and Volleyball Players. Medicina (B Aires) 2022; 58:medicina58081080. [PMID: 36013546 PMCID: PMC9415573 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58081080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The purpose of this study was twofold: (1) to examine strength asymmetries in elite athletes of different sports and (2) to examine the magnitude of asymmetries between elite and u18 athletes. Materials and Methods: A total of 254 athletes participated in this study. For the first purpose of the study, the group consisted of adult professional male basketball players (n = 30), elite male (n = 30) and female soccer players (n = 20), male futsal players (n = 30), elite male goalkeepers (n = 22), and professional female volleyball players (n = 20). For the second purpose, male youth goalkeepers (n = 22), youth female (n = 20) and male soccer players (n = 30), and youth male basketball players (n = 30) were compared to the adult athletes of the same sport. Asymmetries were measured utilizing a Humac Norm and Rehabilitation device. Testing included three maximal concentric flexion and extension repetitions at an angular speed of 60°/s. The differences in asymmetries were assessed using ANOVA followed by an LS means post-hoc analysis. An independent samples t-test was used to identify the differences between adult and youth players. Results: It was indicated that none of the groups demonstrated asymmetries greater than 10%, other than the elite female soccer players and female volleyball players. Significant differences were demonstrated between youth and adult soccer players (males and females), with the adult groups demonstrating increased asymmetries. Conclusions: Special consideration should be given to female soccer players and volleyball players, as soccer and volleyball practice and competition at the professional level may induce greater lower -limb asymmetries. The isokinetic parameters can be useful for planning strength and conditioning interventions in order to reduce or prevent those imbalances. Additional unilateral and bilateral jumping testing is encouraged for the verification of imbalances.
Collapse
|
146
|
Sacot A, López-Ros V, Prats-Puig A, Escosa J, Barretina J, Calleja-González J. Multidisciplinary Neuromuscular and Endurance Interventions on Youth Basketball Players: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:9642. [PMID: 35954997 PMCID: PMC9368565 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19159642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The main aims of this systematic review with meta-analysis and meta-regression were to describe the effect of multidisciplinary neuromuscular and endurance interventions, including plyometric training, mixed strength and conditioning, HIIT basketball programs and repeated sprint training on youth basketball players considering age, competitive level, gender and the type of the intervention performed to explore a predictive model through a meta-regression analysis. A structured search was conducted following PRISMA guidelines and PICOS model in Medline (PubMed), Web of Science (WOS) and Cochrane databases. Groups of experiments were created according to neuromuscular power (vertical; NPV and horizontal; NPH) and endurance (E). Meta-analysis and sub-groups analysis were performed using a random effect model and pooled standardized mean differences (SMD). A random effects meta-regression was performed regressing SMD for the different sub-groups against percentage change for NPV and NPH. There was a significant positive overall effect of the multidisciplinary interventions on NPV, NPH and E. Sub-groups analysis indicate differences in the effects of the interventions on NPV and NPH considering age, gender, competitive level and the type of the intervention used. Considering the current data available, the meta-regression analysis suggests a good predictability of U-16 and plyometric training on jump performance. Besides, male and elite level youth basketball players had a good predictability on multidirectional speed and agility performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arnau Sacot
- University School of Health and Sport (EUSES), University of Girona, 17004 Girona, Spain
- Basquet Girona, 17007 Girona, Spain
| | - Víctor López-Ros
- Research Institute of Education, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Girona, 17004 Girona, Spain
| | - Anna Prats-Puig
- University School of Health and Sport (EUSES), University of Girona, 17004 Girona, Spain
- Research Group of Clinical Anatomy, Embryology and Neuroscience (NEOMA), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Girona, 17004 Girona, Spain
| | - Jesús Escosa
- University School of Health and Sport (EUSES), University of Girona, 17004 Girona, Spain
- Basquet Girona, 17007 Girona, Spain
| | - Jordi Barretina
- Basquet Girona, 17007 Girona, Spain
- Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), 17190 Salt, Spain
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Julio Calleja-González
- Faculty of Education and Sport, University of Basque Country, 01007 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Zagreb, 10110 Zagreb, Croatia
| |
Collapse
|
147
|
Abstract
In this article, a VR-based basketball training system comprising a standalone VR device and a tablet is proposed. The system is intended to improve the ability of players to understand offensive tactics and practice these tactics correctly. We compare the training effectiveness of various degrees of immersion, including a conventional basketball tactic board, a 2D monitor, and virtual reality. A multi-camera-based human tracking system was designed and built around a real-world basketball court to record and analyze the running trajectory of each player during tactical execution. The accuracy of the running path and hesitation time at each tactical step were evaluated for each participant. Furthermore, we assessed several subjective measurements, including simulator sickness, presence, and sport imagery ability, to conduct a more comprehensive exploration of the feasibility of the proposed VR framework for basketball tactics training. The results indicate that the proposed system is useful for learning complex tactics. Furthermore, high VR immersion training improves athletes' abilities with regards to strategic imagery.
Collapse
|
148
|
Fortes LS, Ferreira MEC, Faro H, Penna EM, Almeida SS. Brain Stimulation Over the Motion-Sensitive Midtemporal Area Reduces Deleterious Effects of Mental Fatigue on Perceptual-Cognitive Skills in Basketball Players. J Sport Exerc Psychol 2022; 44:272-285. [PMID: 35613846 DOI: 10.1123/jsep.2021-0281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (a-tDCS) over the motion-sensitive midtemporal area on perceptual-cognitive skills (visuomotor and basketball decision-making skills) in mentally fatigued basketball players. A total of 20 male basketball players were recruited. This was a randomized, double-blinded, and counterbalanced crossover study with two experimental conditions: a-tDCS and Sham. The participants completed the basketball decision-making task and visuomotor skill after performing a 60-min sport-based videogame task with anodal (i.e., a-tDCS) or placebo (Sham) stimulation over the motion-sensitive middle temporal area. Worse response time was observed in visuomotor skill for Sham than a-tDCS postexperiment (p < .05). There was no main condition effect for accuracy of visuomotor skill (p > .05). There was more impairment in accuracy and response time in basketball decision-making skills for the Sham condition than a-tDCS (p < .05). Notably, a-tDCS over the motion-sensitive middle temporal area removed the negative effects of mental fatigue on perceptual-cognitive skills.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo S Fortes
- Associate Graduate Program of Physical Education, Federal University of Paraíba, Joao Pessoa,Brazil
| | - Maria E C Ferreira
- Graduate Program of Physical Education, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora,Brazil
| | - Heloiana Faro
- Associate Graduate Program of Physical Education, Federal University of Paraíba, Joao Pessoa,Brazil
| | - Eduardo M Penna
- Graduate Program of Human Movement Science, Federal University of Pará, Belem,Brazil
| | - Sebastião S Almeida
- Environment Determinants Research Group, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto,Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
149
|
Owoeye OBA, Neme JR, Buchanan P, Esposito F, Breitbach AP. Absence of Injury Is Not Absence of Pain: Prevalence of Preseason Musculoskeletal Pain and Associated Factors in Collegiate Soccer and Basketball Student Athletes. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:ijerph19159128. [PMID: 35897492 PMCID: PMC9368705 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19159128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Unlike musculoskeletal (MSK) injuries, MSK pain is rarely studied in athletes. In this study, we examined the prevalence of preseason MSK pain in apparently healthy collegiate soccer and basketball players and its relationship with previous injuries (1-year history), among other factors. Ninety-seven eligible student athletes (mean age: 20.1 (SD: 1.6) years; 43% male; 53% soccer players) completed a baseline questionnaire comprising questions related to demographics, medical and 1-year injury history and any current MSK pain and the corresponding body location. The overall prevalence of preseason MSK pain was 26% (95% CI: 17–36%) and it did not differ by sex or sport. The back (6.2%) and knee (5.2%) regions were reported to be the most frequently affected body parts for preseason MSK pain. Athletes with a previous injury and with perception of incomplete healing had 3.5-fold higher odds (OR: 3.50; 95% CI: 1.28–9.36) of baseline MSK pain compared with those without a previous injury. One in four collegiate soccer and basketball players had preseason MSK pain. Collegiate sports medicine professionals should consider conducting routine preseason evaluations of MSK pain in their athletes and initiate appropriate interventions for the prevention of MSK pain and its potential consequences among athletes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oluwatoyosi B. A. Owoeye
- Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, Doisy College of Health Sciences, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA;
- Correspondence:
| | - Jamil R. Neme
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA;
| | - Paula Buchanan
- Department of Health and Clinical Outcomes Research, School of Medicine, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA;
| | - Flavio Esposito
- Department of Computer Science, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63103, USA;
| | - Anthony P. Breitbach
- Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, Doisy College of Health Sciences, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
150
|
Tsao JP, Liu CC, Chang BF. Application of the Motor Abilities Assessment as Part of a Talent Identification System in Tennis Players: A Pilot Study. IJERPH 2022; 19:ijerph19158963. [PMID: 35897334 PMCID: PMC9329992 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19158963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we sought to develop a testing system to scientifically identify tennis talent. This testing system will provide helpful information for players who intend to pursue a professional tennis career. The experimental subjects were 18 college students consisting of 10 tennis players (including 4 soft tennis) and 8 basketball players (all males). The subjects were tested on their vertical jump, 60 m shuttle runs, and shoulder joint mobility to identify tennis talent. To statistically analyze the data, an R package was used to conduct a principal component analysis of the athletic performance indicators of the samples, and the samples were further classified via agglomerative hierarchical clustering. This study found that tennis players required more flexibility than basketball players. Regarding the differences between male and female soft tennis players, the unclassified results showed that there was a significant difference in explosive power. However, there was no significant difference in flexibility between genders. The research methods and results of this study can be used as a reference for others to build a system for identifying athletic performance characteristics in the future, and it is expected that the implementation of this system can provide sports coaches with more information for talent selection and improve the accuracy of their judgments, allowing athletes to play to their strengths.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Piao Tsao
- Department of Sports Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung City 406, Taiwan;
| | - Chia-Che Liu
- Physical Education Center, Feng Chia University, Taichung City 407, Taiwan;
| | - Bi-Fon Chang
- Department of Physical Education, National Taichung University of Education, Taichung City 403, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-422183410
| |
Collapse
|