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Zi Y, Yao M, Lu Z, Lu F, Bie X, Zhang C, Zhao H. Glycoglycerolipids from the leaves of Perilla frutescens (L.) Britton (Labiatae) and their anti-inflammatory activities in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Phytochemistry 2021; 184:112679. [PMID: 33550195 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.112679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A described monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG) and two undescribed digalactosyldiacylglycerols (DGDGs) were isolated from the leaves of Perilla frutescens (L.) Britton (Labiatae) by using silica gel column chromatography and semi-preparative high performance liquid chromatography. The elucidation of complete structure of these compounds were conducted by using MS and NMR techniques. The MGDG (7.5% of total lipids) was identified as 1,2-2-O-(9Z,12Z,15E-octadecatrienoyl)-3-O-(β-D-galactopyranosyl)-sn-glycerol. The two DGDGs (2.8% and 1.0% of total lipids, respectively) were identified as 1-O-(9Z,12Z,15Z-octadecatrienoyl)-2-O-(6Z,9Z,12Z-octadecatrienoyl)-3-O-[β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1″→6')-α-D-galactopyranosyl]-sn-glycerol and 1-O- hexadecanoyl -2-O-(9Z,12Z,15Z-octadecatrienoy -l)-3-O-[β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1″→6')-α-D-galactopyranosyl]-sn-glycerol, respectively. All the isolated MGDG and DGDGs were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory activities in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated murine macrophages RAW264.7 cells. All of them showed good inhibitory activities and significantly blocked the production of LPS-induced TNF-α, (IL)-1β and IL-6. The above results shed some light on a better understanding of the traditional anti-inflammatory effect of Perilla frutescens and reveal the potential anti-inflammatory constituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiang Zi
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Mengjia Yao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zhaoxin Lu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Fengxia Lu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xiaomei Bie
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Chong Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Haizhen Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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Li XW, Zhang ZJ, Hafeez M, Huang J, Zhang JM, Wang LK, Lu YB. Rosmarinus officinialis L. (Lamiales: Lamiaceae), a Promising Repellent Plant for Thrips Management. J Econ Entomol 2021; 114:131-141. [PMID: 33346361 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toaa288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
A number of thrips species are among the most significant agricultural pests globally. Use of repellent intercrop plants is one of the key components in plant-based 'push-pull' strategies to manage pest populations. In this study, the behavioral responses of three thrips species, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande), Frankliniella intonsa (Trybom), and Thrips palmi Karny (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) to Rosmarinus officinalis were investigated in Y-tube olfactometer bioassays and cage experiments. In addition, the major volatile compounds from rosemary were identified and the effect of the individual compounds on thrips behavior was evaluated. Females and males of the three thrips species were significantly repelled by the volatiles from cut rosemary leaves. The presence of rosemary plants significantly reduced settlement of females of the three thrips species and eggs laid by F. occidentalis females on target host plants. In total, 47 compounds were identified in the volatiles collected from the cut leaves of rosemary plants. The responses of the three thrips species to 10 major volatile compounds showed significant differences. However, α-pinene, the most abundant volatile, was repellent to F. occidentalis and F. intonsa. Eucalyptol, the second most abundant volatile, showed significant repellent activity to all the three thrips species. Our findings showed that rosemary is a promising repellent plant against the three thrips pests we tested, which could be a good candidate for 'push' plants in plant-based 'push-pull' strategies. The identified volatile compounds that accounted for the repellent activity could be developed as repellents for sustainable thrips management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Muhammad Hafeez
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jin-Ming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li-Kun Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
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Bridi H, de Carvalho Meirelles G, Lino von Poser G. Subtribe Hyptidinae ( Lamiaceae): A promising source of bioactive metabolites. J Ethnopharmacol 2021; 264:113225. [PMID: 32763419 PMCID: PMC7403033 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The subtribe Hyptidinae contains approximately 400 accepted species distributed in 19 genera (Hyptis, Eriope, Condea, Cantinoa, Mesosphaerum, Cyanocephalus, Hypenia, Hyptidendron, Oocephalus, Medusantha, Gymneia, Marsypianthes, Leptohyptis, Martianthus, Asterohyptis, Eplingiella, Physominthe, Eriopidion and Rhaphiodon). This is the Lamiaceae clade with the largest number of species in Brazil and high rates of endemism. Some species have been used in different parts of the world mainly as insecticides/pest repellents, wound healing and pain-relief agents, as well as for the treatment of respiratory and gastrointestinal disorders. AIM OF THE REVIEW This review aims to discuss the current status concerning the taxonomy, ethnobotanical uses, phytochemistry and biological properties of species which compose the subtribe Hyptidinae. MATERIALS AND METHODS The available information was collected from scientific databases (ScienceDirect, Pubmed, Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, ChemSpider, SciFinder ACS Publications, Wiley Online Library), as well as other literature sources (e.g. books, theses). RESULTS The phytochemical investigations of plants of this subtribe have led to the identification of almost 300 chemical constituents of different classes such as diterpenes, triterpenes, lignans, α-pyrones, flavonoids, phenolic acids and monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes, as components of essential oils. Extracts, essential oils and isolated compounds showed a series of biological activities such as insecticide/repellent, antimicrobial and antinociceptive, justifying some of the popular uses of the plants. In addition, a very relevant fact is that several species produce podophyllotoxin and related lignans. CONCLUSION Several species of Hyptidinae are used in folk medicine for treating many diseases but only a small fraction of the species has been explored and most of the traditional uses have not been validated by current investigations. In addition, the species of the subtribe appear to be very promising as alternative sources of podophyllotoxin-like lignans which are the lead compounds for the semi-synthesis of teniposide and etoposide, important antineoplastic agents. Thus, there is a wide-open door for future studies, both to support the popular uses of the plants and to find new biologically active compounds in this large number of species not yet explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrique Bridi
- Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Avenida Ipiranga 2752, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Gabriela de Carvalho Meirelles
- Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Avenida Ipiranga 2752, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Gilsane Lino von Poser
- Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Avenida Ipiranga 2752, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
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Xu HT, Chen Y, Zhang CG, Ju ZC, Wang YL, Chou GX. Acylated iridoid glucosides from Pseudocaryopteris paniculata (C.B.Clarke) P.D.Cantino. Phytochemistry 2021; 181:112569. [PMID: 33130374 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2020.112569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Phytochemical investigation of the ethyl acetate fraction of Pseudocaryopteris paniculata C.B.Clarke P.D.Cantino resulted in the identification of 26 undescribed iridoid glucosides (paniculosides A-Z), along with 7 known iridoid glucosides. Their structures were elucidated via two-dimensional nuclear-magnetic-resonance (2D-NMR) spectroscopy, high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy (HR-ESI-MS), and chemical-hydrolysis methods. All isolated substances were analyzed for their cytoprotective effects against t-BHP-induced toxicity in HepG2 cells. Among the tested compounds, paniculoside A, paniculoside I, paniculoside T, and paniculoside U exhibited moderate cytoprotective activities with IC50 values in the range of 11.72-34.22 μM against t-BHP-induced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Tao Xu
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines and SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica (ICMM), Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (SHUTCM), Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Chen
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines and SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica (ICMM), Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (SHUTCM), Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Gang Zhang
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines and SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica (ICMM), Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (SHUTCM), Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng-Cai Ju
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines and SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica (ICMM), Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (SHUTCM), Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Li Wang
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines and SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica (ICMM), Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (SHUTCM), Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Gui-Xin Chou
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines and SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica (ICMM), Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (SHUTCM), Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China; Shanghai R&D Center for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China.
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105
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Ahmed WMS, Helmy NA, Ibrahim MA, Hassan HM, Zaki AR. Premna odorata extract as a protective agent on neurotoxic effect of aluminum: neurochemical, molecular, and histopathological alterations. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:2146-2157. [PMID: 32870428 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10659-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Premna odorata Blanco (Lamiaceae) is an ethnomedicinal plant, where some reports claimed their anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic, and antituberculosis effects, without investigating its role on the brain. Therefore, forty mature male rats were equally divided into 4 groups; the 1st was kept as control. Rats in groups 2 and 4 were orally given P. odorata extract daily at a dose of 500 mg/kg B.W., while those in groups 3 and 4 were daily administrated aluminum chloride "AlCl3" (70 mg/kg B.W.). The treatments extended for 30 successive days. At the end of the experimental period, brain samples were collected for biochemical assay of glutathione reductase (GSH), catalase, malondialdehyde (MDA), and acetylcholinesterase activity (AChE). Besides, monoamines (norepinephrine, dopamine, serotonin), amino acids (glutamine, serine, arginine, taurine and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)), neurotransmitters, DNA damage, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α genes were estimated. Moreover, brain samples were obtained for histopathological investigation. Aluminum toxicity resulted in a decline of GSH concentration, elevation of MDA, and AChE activity. Except for GABA which exhibited a significant decrease, there was a marked increase in the measured amino acid and monoamine neurotransmitters. Also, an increase in mRNA expressions of TNF-α and COX-2 was detected. It was noticed that Premna odorata extract reduced the oxidative stress and counteracted the augmentations in AChE caused by AlCl3. Marked improvements in most measured neurotransmitters with downregulation of pro-inflammatory gene expression were recorded in P. odorata + AlCl3 group. Premna odorata restores the altered histopathological feature induced by AlCl3. In conclusion, the present findings clarify that P. odorata extract could be important in improving and treatment of neurodegenerative disorders as it was able to reduce oxidative stress, DNA damage, biochemical alterations, and histopathological changes in rats exposed to AlCl3 toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walaa M S Ahmed
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, 62511, Egypt
| | - Nermeen A Helmy
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, 62511, Egypt
| | - Marwa A Ibrahim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt.
| | - Hossam M Hassan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62511, Egypt
| | - Amr R Zaki
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62511, Egypt
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106
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Yang F, Pu HY, Yaseen A, Chen B, Li F, Gu YC, Shen XF, Wang MK, Guo DL, Wang L. Terpenoid and phenolic derivatives from the aerial parts of Elsholtzia rugulosa and their anti-inflammatory activity. Phytochemistry 2021; 181:112543. [PMID: 33161176 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2020.112543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Seven undescribed terpenoids, including three pairs of enantiomers, named (±)-rugulolides A-C, and one cyclopentenone derivative, named rugulolide D, together with twenty-six known compounds, were isolated from the aerial parts of Elsholtzia rugulosa. The chiral separation of rugulolides A-C was achieved by high-performance liquid chromatography using the chiral column. Their structures were elucidated unambiguously based on comprehensive spectroscopic analysis in conjunction with electronic circular dichroism (ECD) and single-crystal X-ray diffraction experiments. Rugulolides A-D are rare naturally occurring terpenoid derivatives featuring a methylated α,β-unsaturated-γ-lactone or a cyclopent-2-en-1-one nucleus. All the isolates were evaluated for their inhibitory effects on lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide production in RAW264.7 cell, among them, four compounds showed moderate inhibition with IC50 values ranging from 12.46 to 23.10 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization and Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Hang-Yi Pu
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization and Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Aftab Yaseen
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization and Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Bin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization and Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Fu Li
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization and Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yu-Cheng Gu
- Syngenta, Jealott's Hill International Research Centre, Berkshire, RE42 6EY, UK
| | - Xiao-Fei Shen
- Hospital Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, China
| | - Ming-Kui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization and Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Da-Le Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Lun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization and Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Manimegalai T, Raguvaran K, Kalpana M, Maheswaran R. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticle using Leonotis nepetifolia and their toxicity against vector mosquitoes of Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus and agricultural pests of Spodoptera litura and Helicoverpa armigera. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2020; 27:43103-43116. [PMID: 32725570 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10127-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Pest insects causing damage to cultivable crops and food products by feeding, fecundity, and parasitizing livestock, also being a nuisance to human health. In consideration with human health, the World Health Organization reports that more than 50% of the world's population is presently at risk from mosquito-borne diseases. Mosquitoes are primary vectors for major dreadful diseases such as yellow fever, malaria, and dengue fever, which infect millions of human beings all over the world and kill millions of peoples every year. The present research work was carried out to evaluate the antifeedant, larvicidal, pupicidal, larval, and pupal duration activity of Leonotis nepetifolia-mediated silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) against Spodoptera litura, Helicoverpa armigera, Aedes aegypti, and Culex quinquefasciatus. Biosynthesized AgNPs were characterized through various techniques such as UV-Vis spectrometer, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and zeta potential analysis. The AgNPs showed potential antifeedant activity of 78.77% and 82.16% against the larvae of S. litura and H. armigera, respectively. The maximum larval mortality rate (78.49% and 72.70%) and maximum pupal mortality rate (84.66% and 77.44%) were observed against S. litura and H. armigera. Mosquito larvae were tested with biosynthesized AgNPs, and recorded LC50 values were 47.44 ppm and 35.48 ppm on A. aegypti and C. quinquefasciatus, respectively. The histological examinations showed that the acceleration of the nanomaterial caused severe tissue damage in the epithelial and goblet cells in the larval midgut region of S. litura, H. armigera, A. aegypti, and C. quinquefasciatus. Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using L. nepetifolia is an ideal eco-friendly approach for the management of insect pests. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thulasiraman Manimegalai
- Entomology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Periyar University, Salem, Tamil Nadu, 636 011, India
| | - Krishnan Raguvaran
- Entomology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Periyar University, Salem, Tamil Nadu, 636 011, India
| | - Manickam Kalpana
- Entomology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Periyar University, Salem, Tamil Nadu, 636 011, India
| | - Rajan Maheswaran
- Entomology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Periyar University, Salem, Tamil Nadu, 636 011, India.
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Zhang X, Peng T, Shi X, Fang D, Tang L, Chen F, Wang F, Zhang G, Luo Y. Diterpenoids caryopterisoids D - Q and iridoid glucoside derivatives caryopterisides F - H from Caryopteris glutinosa. Phytochemistry 2020; 180:112534. [PMID: 33065407 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2020.112534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Fourteen undescribed diterpenoids caryopterisoids D - Q, three undescribed iridoid glucoside derivatives caryopterisides F - H, and 8 known diterpenoids were isolated from the 95% aqueous ethanolic extract of Caryopteris glutinosa. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic data analysis and chemical derivation studies. The structure and absolute configuration of caryopterisoid D were confirmed by X-ray crystallographic analysis. Caryopterisoids K and R, royleanone, 6α-hydroxydemethylcryptojaponol, and teuvincenone E were shown to reduce the biosynthesis of estrogen E2 with IC50 values from 0.25 to 3.06 μM in cell-based estrogen biosynthesis assays system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejian Zhang
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Peng
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoke Shi
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongmei Fang
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Tang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Wang
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Guolin Zhang
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yinggang Luo
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.
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Hunter E, Stander M, Kossmann J, Chakraborty S, Prince S, Peters S, Loedolff B. Toward the identification of a phytocannabinoid-like compound in the flowers of a South African medicinal plant (Leonotis leonurus). BMC Res Notes 2020; 13:522. [PMID: 33172494 PMCID: PMC7653773 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-020-05372-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Current global trends on natural therapeutics suggest an increasing market interest toward the use and discovery of new plant-derived therapeutic compounds, often referred to as traditional medicine (TM). The Cannabis industry is currently one such focal area receiving attention, owing to the occurrence of phytocannabinoids (pCBs) which have shown promise in health-promotion and disease prevention. However, the occurrence of pCBs in other plant species are often overlooked and rarely studied. Leonotis leonurus (L.) R. Br. is endemic to South Africa with a rich history of use in TM practices amongst indigenous people and, has been recorded to induce mild psychoactive effects akin to Cannabis. While the leaves have been well-reported to contain therapeutic phytochemicals, little information exists on the flowers. Consequently, as part of a larger research venture, we targeted the flowers of L. leonurus for the identification of potential pCB or pCB-like compounds. RESULTS Flower extracts were separated and analyzed using high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC). A single pCB candidate was isolated from HPTLC plates and, using liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), we could successfully group this compound as a fatty amide and tentatively identified as 7,10,13,16-Docosatetraenoylethanolamine (adrenoyl-EA), a known bioactive compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Hunter
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - M. Stander
- Central Analytical Facilities, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - J. Kossmann
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - S. Chakraborty
- Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - S. Prince
- Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - S. Peters
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Bianke Loedolff
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
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Liu F, Fan W, Yang JB, Xiang CL, Mower JP, Li DZ, Zhu A. Episodic and guanine-cytosine-biased bursts of intragenomic and interspecific synonymous divergence in Ajugoideae ( Lamiaceae) mitogenomes. New Phytol 2020; 228:1107-1114. [PMID: 32558926 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Synonymous substitution rates in plant mitochondrial genomes vary by orders of magnitude among species, whereas synonymous rates among genes within a genome are generally consistent. Exceptionally, genes within the Ajuga reptans (Lamiaceae) mitochondrial genome exhibit unprecedented intragenomic heterogeneity in synonymous sequence divergence, but the biological mechanisms underlying this rate variation remain unclear. We tracked the origin and evolutionary trajectory of mitochondrial rate variations by dense sampling in Ajugoideae and found differences in the timing and magnitude of rate acceleration for particular genes. The most divergent genes accelerated earlier, retained a high rate across Ajugoideae, and are generally devoid of RNA editing, whereas moderately diverged genes accelerated later and retained relatively higher RNA editing frequency. The acceleration of mutation rates correlates with increased guanine-cytosine (GC) content, suggesting a key role for GC-biased gene conversion and/or repair after the breakage of ancestral gene clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Liu
- Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650201, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Weishu Fan
- Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650201, China
| | - Jun-Bo Yang
- Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650201, China
| | - Chun-Lei Xiang
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650201, China
| | - Jeffrey P Mower
- Center for Plant Science Innovation, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
- Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, 68583, USA
| | - De-Zhu Li
- Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650201, China
| | - Andan Zhu
- Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650201, China
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Gul S, Ahmad M, Zafar M, Bahadur S, Zaman W, Ayaz A, Shuaib M, Butt MA, Ullah F, Saqib S, Nizamani MM, Urooj Z. Palynological characteristics of selected Lamioideae taxa and its taxonomic significance. Microsc Res Tech 2020; 84:471-479. [PMID: 32959483 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Lamioideae comprised the second-largest subfamily in Lamiaceae. Although considerable progress has recently been made in the taxonomic study of Lamioideae, the subfamily remains one of the most poorly investigated subfamily in Lamiaceae. Therefore, the present study was designed with the aim to document the pollen micromorphology of some selected Lamioideae taxa and its taxonomic significance from Pakistan. Pollen micromorphological features were observed using scanning electron microscopy. The pollen grains are monad, tricolpate, radially/bilateral symmetrical. The pollen grains were small to medium-sized having oblate, oblate/subspheroidal, and subspheroidal shape. Exine sculpturing was observed as reticulate, microreticulate, and bireticulate. The colpus surface ornamentation was found as verrucate, gemmate, scabrate, and psilate. There was a considerable variation between the species in the micromorphology, that is, the coarseness of the reticulum, thickness of the muri comprising the reticulum and the number of secondary lumina per primary lumen. Hence, this study documented the pollen morphology of some selected taxa of the subfamily Lamioideae from Pakistan and strengthens the taxonomic identification of subfamily based on pollen characters, which helps in the correct identification, discrimination of the species of Lamioideae at generic and species level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Gul
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Mushtaq Ahmad
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zafar
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Saraj Bahadur
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
- College of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Wajid Zaman
- State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Asma Ayaz
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, China
| | - Muhammad Shuaib
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Maryam Akram Butt
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Fazal Ullah
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Saddam Saqib
- State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mir Muhammad Nizamani
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources, Ministry of Education, School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Zara Urooj
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Grass Science, North East Normal University, Changchun, China
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112
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Hsieh CW, Chuang YY, Lee MZ, Kirschner R. First Inventory of Fungi in Symptomless and Symptomatic Chinese Mesona Indicates Phytopathological Threat. Plant Dis 2020; 104:2391-2397. [PMID: 32689885 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-03-20-0475-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Chinese mesona (Platostoma palustre) plays an important role as special crop in Southeast Asia and Taiwan for the production of herbal tea, grass jelly, and further processed food. In order to assess the potential threat of fungi to Chinese mesona, we surveyed isolates from symptomless plants in the area of mesona production, as well as from leaf spots of potted plants in a garden shop and a plantation in a botanical garden in Taiwan. From leaves, stems, and roots of 15 symptomless plants sampled at five collection events over two years, 154 isolates from 810 surface-sterilized plant fragments were obtained and identified based on DNA sequence data of the internal transcribed spacer region, and partially of the β-tubulin and histone H3 genes. The most common species belonged to the genera Cercospora, Colletotrichum, and Fusarium and were considered to be potential plant pathogens. Latent pathogenicity was confirmed by an infection experiment with an endophytic strain of Corynespora cassiicola. Observation of leaf spot disease associated with Cercospora kikuchii suggested pathogenicity of this fungus, which was also isolated as an endophyte from symptomless leaves. We hypothesize that the most common endophytic fungi are latent pathogens in the host and may cause plant disease when the host becomes weakened by senescence or changed cultivation condition. Leaf spots of plants in the botanical garden were associated with a species of Pseudocercospora, which was not found among the endophytic isolates and is newly described based on morphology and analysis of translation elongation factor 1 alpha gene sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Wei Hsieh
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Zhongli District, 320 Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Ying Chuang
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Zhe Lee
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Roland Kirschner
- School of Forestry and Resource Conservation, National Taiwan University, 10617 Taipei, Taiwan
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113
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Sadgrove NJ. Comparing essential oils from Australia's 'Victorian Christmas Bush' (Prostanthera lasianthos Labill., Lamiaceae) to closely allied new species: Phenotypic plasticity and taxonomic variability. Phytochemistry 2020; 176:112403. [PMID: 32422392 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2020.112403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Prostanthera lasianthos (Lamiaceae) is commonly referred to as the 'Victorian Christmas Bush', a name that derives from the floral display it gives in the Christmas period. However, botanists recognise P. lasianthos as a heterogeneous species aggregate that includes several putative new species that are confined to disjunct locations. Recently one taxon was revised to P. eungella B.J.Conn & K.M.Proft. In the current study the chemistry of essential oils was determined for 25 specimens, representative of 8 taxa (including P. eungella). Chemical relationships were investigated using two types of multivariate analysis and several distinct chemical profiles were identified. One taxon (P. sp. Wollomombi Gorge) was sampled nine times from three different locations during the year to determine the effects of seasonal variation and subjectively-assessed soil moisture content. It was demonstrated that the chemistry of this taxon is strongly influenced by soil moisture independently of growth stage, but possibly influenced by periods of dry or wet weather. Two distinct chemotypes and one intermediate type were identified. These chemotypes differed by mediated expression of linalool and hence linalyl acetate. These metabolites were also present in specimens of P. sp. Bald Mountain, but as minor components. This latter taxon could be reliably distinguished by higher relative abundance of butanoic acid, 1-methylbutyl ester. As judged by a smaller sampling size for the other taxa, evidence that this pattern of mediated expression between terpene species was found. However, the identity of terpenes that demonstrated this mediated expression were different for each taxon; for example, volatiles from P. eungella demonstrated mediation between α-pinene and caryophyllene. Nevertheless, it is possible that chemical expression of all taxa in the heterogeneous species aggregate is strongly mediated by the moisture or nutrient content of soils. Thus, the dataset produced during this study can be used as a reference against other chemical data to investigate taxonomic placement in members of this group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas John Sadgrove
- University of New England, Armidale, NSW, 2351, Australia; Jodrell Science Laboratory, Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, Richmond, TW9 3DS, United Kingdom.
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114
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Lichman BR, Godden GT, Buell CR. Gene and genome duplications in the evolution of chemodiversity: perspectives from studies of Lamiaceae. Curr Opin Plant Biol 2020; 55:74-83. [PMID: 32344371 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2020.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Plants are reservoirs of extreme chemical diversity, yet biosynthetic pathways remain underexplored in the majority of taxa. Access to improved, inexpensive genomic and computational technologies has recently enhanced our understanding of plant specialized metabolism at the biochemical and evolutionary levels including the elucidation of pathways leading to key metabolites. Furthermore, these approaches have provided insights into the mechanisms of chemical evolution, including neofunctionalization and subfunctionalization, structural variation, and modulation of gene expression. The broader utilization of genomic tools across the plant tree of life, and an expansion of genomic resources from multiple accessions within species or populations, will improve our overall understanding of chemodiversity. These data and knowledge will also lead to greater insight into the selective pressures contributing to and maintaining this diversity, which in turn will enable the development of more accurate predictive models of specialized metabolism in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin R Lichman
- Centre for Novel Agricultural Products, Department of Biology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Grant T Godden
- Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Carol Robin Buell
- Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, 612 Wilson Road, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; Plant Resilience Institute, Michigan State University, 612 Wilson Road, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; MSU AgBioResearch, Michigan State University, 446 West Circle Drive, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
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115
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Deepa P, Bae HJ, Park HB, Kim SY, Choi JW, Kim DH, Liu XQ, Ryu JH, Park SJ. Dracocephalum moldavica attenuates scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment through activation of hippocampal ERK-CREB signaling in mice. J Ethnopharmacol 2020; 253:112651. [PMID: 32035879 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Dracocephalum moldavica (Moldavian balm) has been traditionally used for the treatment of intellectual disabilities, migraines and cardiovascular problems in East Asia. Recent scientific studies have demonstrated the usefulness of this plant to treat neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to investigate the effects of the ethanolic extract of D. moldavica leaves (EEDM) on scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment in mice and the underlying mechanisms of action. MATERIALS AND METHODS The behavioral effects of EEDM were examined using the step-through passive avoidance and Morris water maze tasks. To elucidate the underlying mechanism, we tested whether EEDM affects acetylcholinesterase activity and the expression of memory-related signaling molecules including extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) in the hippocampus. RESULTS EEDM (25, 50 or 100 mg/kg) significantly ameliorated the scopolamine-induced step-through latency reduction in the passive avoidance task in mice. In the Morris water maze task, EEDM (50 mg/kg) significantly attenuated scopolamine-induced memory impairment. Furthermore, the administration of EEDM increased the phosphorylation levels of ERK and CREB in the hippocampus but did not alter acetylcholinesterase activity. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that EEDM significantly attenuates scopolamine-induced memory impairment in mice and may be a promising therapeutic agent for improving memory impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ponnuvel Deepa
- School of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ho Jung Bae
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyeon-Bae Park
- School of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea.
| | - So-Yeon Kim
- School of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ji Woong Choi
- Laboratory of Neuropharmacology, College of Pharmacy and Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dong Hyun Kim
- Department of Medicinal Biotechnology, College of Health Sciences, Institute of Convergence Bio-Health, Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea.
| | - Xiang-Qian Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China.
| | - Jong Hoon Ryu
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Se Jin Park
- School of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea.
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116
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Geng H, Liu YC, Li DS, Xiao CJ, Liu Y, Li XN, Li SH. Unusual glycosidic labdane diterpenoids with cytotoxicity from the root of Phlomoides betonicoides. Phytochemistry 2020; 173:112325. [PMID: 32113064 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2020.112325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Chemical investigation on the root of Phlomoides betonicoides led to the isolation of six undescribed diterpenoid glycosides, phlomoidesides A-F, along with two known ones using various chromatographic techniques. The structures of these compounds were determined by extensive spectroscopic analyses (including 1D, 2D-NMR and HRMS), single crystal X-ray diffraction, and calculated 13C NMR. The glycoside modifications of phlomoidesides A-F are rare in natural products, and a plausible biosynthetic pathway for these unusual glycosides was proposed. Phlomoidesides A, D, F, and phlomisosides V, Ш were cytotoxic against three human tumor cell lines, NCI-H1975, HepG2 and MCF-7, with IC50 values ranging from 7.5 to 75.7 μM. Phlomoideside B only showed weak cytotoxicity against NCI-H1975, with IC50 of 53.0- μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Yan-Chun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, PR China
| | - De-Sen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Chao-Jiang Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, PR China
| | - Yan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, PR China
| | - Xiao-Nian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, PR China
| | - Sheng-Hong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, PR China.
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117
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Tang T, Li CH, Li DS, Jing SX, Hua J, Luo SH, Liu Y, Li SH. Peltate glandular trichomes of Colquhounia vestita harbor diterpenoid acids that contribute to plant adaptation to UV radiation and cold stresses. Phytochemistry 2020; 172:112285. [PMID: 32035325 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2020.112285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Plant glandular trichomes (GTs) are adaptive epidermal structures that synthesize and accumulate diverse specialized metabolites well-known as defense chemicals against biotic attacks, but their roles against abiotic challenges including UV radiation and cold climates remain largely unexplored. Colquhounia vestita Wall is a Chinese-Himalayan Lamiaceae plant with dense peltate and capitate GTs on its leaf and stem surfaces under a scanning electron microscope. Three diterpenoid acids, including a clerodane 5-epi-hardwickiic acid and two labdanes polyalthic acid and E-communic acid, were identified from the peltate GTs of C. vestita through laser microdissection coupled with UPLC-MS/MS. Under UV radiation and cold stresses, the major GT component polyalthic acid increased the biomass of Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings and decreased their malondialdehyde content. Furthermore, polyalthic acid promoted photosynthetic efficiency and the expression of genes encoding peroxidative enzymes under UV radiation, and stimulated Ca2+ elevation and the expression of calmodulin binding transcription activator gene CAMTA3 and two downstream cold-responsive genes CBF3 and RD29A under cold stress. Therefore, polyalthic acid in GTs is likely to endow the plant with enhanced tolerance to UV radiation and cold stresses, which extends the current understanding of the function of GT compounds in plant adaptation to abiotic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, PR China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming, 650201, PR China
| | - Chun-Huan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, PR China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming, 650201, PR China
| | - De-Sen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, PR China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming, 650201, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Shu-Xi Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, PR China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming, 650201, PR China
| | - Juan Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, PR China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming, 650201, PR China
| | - Shi-Hong Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, PR China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming, 650201, PR China
| | - Yan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, PR China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming, 650201, PR China.
| | - Sheng-Hong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, PR China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming, 650201, PR China.
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Baranzelli MC, Benitez-Vieyra S, Glinos E, Trenchi A, Córdoba S, Camina J, Ashworth L, Sérsic AN, Cocucci AA, Fornoni J. Daily fluctuations in pollination effectiveness explain higher efficiency of native over exotic bees in Lepechinia floribunda ( Lamiaceae). Ann Bot 2020; 125:509-520. [PMID: 31745546 PMCID: PMC7061175 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcz187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite Stebbins' principle of the most efficient pollinator being proposed decades ago, the most important pollinators are still mainly identified using the frequency of visits to flowers. This shortcoming results in a gap between the characterization of the flower visitors of a plant species and a reliable estimation of the plant fitness consequences of the mutualistic interaction. The performance of a mutualistic visitor depends on its abundance, behaviour, effectiveness (pollen removal and deposition per unit time) and efficiency (seed set per unit time) conditioned by the temporal matching between pollinator activity and temporal patterns of maturation of the sexual functions of flowers. Although there have been recent attempts to provide a conceptual and methodological framework to characterize pollinators' performance, few have combined all key elements of visitors and plants to provide an accurate estimation of pollinators' performance under natural conditions. METHODS We complement information on the flower biology and mating system of the sub-shrub Lepechinia floribunda (Lamiaceae) to provide a daily quantitative estimation of performance (effectiveness and efficiency) of the more abundant pollinators, i.e. native bumble-bees (Bombus spp.) and leafcutter bees (Megachile sp.), and the exotic honey-bee (Apis mellifera). KEY RESULTS Unlike honey-bees or leafcutter bees, native bumble-bees matched the daily pattern of nectar production and stigma receptivity, and showed higher effectiveness and efficiency. Despite the overabundance of honey-bees, visits occurred mainly when stigmas were not receptive, thus reducing the honey-bees' overall performance. CONCLUSIONS Bumble-bees appear to be the most important pollinators and potential historical mediators of reproductive trait evolution in L. floribunda. Because the production of seeds by bumble-bees involved fewer pollen grains for plants and less investment in floral display than honey-bees, contemporary and expected changes in pollinator abundance may affect future L. floribunda floral evolution. If bumble-bees were to be further displaced by anthropogenic disturbance or by competition with honey-bees, their lower efficiency will select for a larger floral display increasing reproductive costs. This scenario may also impose selection to reduce dichogamy to match honey-bee foraging activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matias Cristian Baranzelli
- Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, CONICET, FCEFyN, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Santiago Benitez-Vieyra
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, CONICET, FCEFyN, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Evangelina Glinos
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, CONICET, FCEFyN, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Alejandra Trenchi
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, CONICET, FCEFyN, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Silvina Córdoba
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, CONICET, FCEFyN, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Julia Camina
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, CONICET, FCEFyN, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Lorena Ashworth
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, CONICET, FCEFyN, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Alicia Noemi Sérsic
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, CONICET, FCEFyN, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Andrea Aristides Cocucci
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, CONICET, FCEFyN, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Juan Fornoni
- Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, CONICET, FCEFyN, Córdoba, Argentina
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Khazdair MR, Ghorani V, Alavinezhad A, Boskabady MH. Effect of Zataria multiflora on serum cytokine levels and pulmonary function tests in sulfur mustard-induced lung disorders: A randomized double-blind clinical trial. J Ethnopharmacol 2020; 248:112325. [PMID: 31707049 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Zataria multiflora (Z. multiflora) belongs to the Lamiaceae family and has several traditional uses owing to its antiseptic, aesthetic, antispasmodic, analgesic, and antidiarrheal properties. AIM OF THE STUDY We aimed to investigate the effect of Z. multiflora on serum cytokine levels and pulmonary function tests (PFT) in patients exposed to sulfur mustard (SM) for a long term (27-30 years). MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-five patients were randomly assigned to the placebo group (P) and two experimental groups treated with Z. multiflora extracts, i.e., 5 and 10 mg/kg/day (Z5 and Z10). Serum levels of cytokines including IL (2, 4, 6, 8, and 10) and IFN-γ as well as PFT indices such as maximum mid-expiratory flow (MMEF) and maximum expiratory flow at 25, 50, and 75% of vital capacity (VC) (MEF25, 50, and 75) were assessed at the beginning (phase 0) and at the end of 4 and 8 weeks (phases I and II, respectively) after starting the treatment. RESULTS Serum levels of IL-2, IL-6, and IL-8 were significantly decreased, while serum levels of IL-10 and IFN-γ were significantly increased in the Z5 and Z10 treatment groups in phases I and II as compared to those in phase 0 (p < 0.05 to p < 0.001). MMEF and MEF25, 50, and 75 values were significantly increased in the Z5 group in phase II and in the Z10 group in phases I and II compared to those in phase 0 (p < 0.05 to p < 0.001). The percent change in serum cytokine levels and the change in MEF25, 50, and 75 during the two-month treatment period were significantly higher in the treatment groups than in the placebo group. CONCLUSIONS Two months of treatment with Z. multiflora reduced inflammation, while it enhanced anti-inflammatory cytokines and improved PFT indices in SM-exposed patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Khazdair
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran; Pharmaceutical Research Center and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Vahideh Ghorani
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Azam Alavinezhad
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Hossein Boskabady
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Kurian A, Van Doan H, Tapingkae W, Elumalai P. Modulation of mucosal parameters, innate immunity, growth and resistance against Streptococcus agalactiae by enrichment of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) diet with Leucas aspera. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2020; 97:165-172. [PMID: 31846780 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.12.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed at evaluating the possible effects of Leucas aspera as immunostimulant on mucosal and serum immunity, as well as on growth and resistance against Streptococcus agalactiae infection in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings. In a 45 days trial, fish were fed experimental diets containing L. aspera 0 g kg-1 (Diet 1- control), 1 g kg-1 (Diet 2), 2 g kg-1(Diet 3), 4 g kg-1 (Diet 4) and 8 g kg-1 (Diet 5). The results revealed a significant increase in the specific growth rate (SGR), weight gain (WG), and final weight (FW) in fish fed diet 3 (2 g kg-1) of L. aspera compared to the control and other supplemented groups (P < 0.05). Also, feeding on diet 3 (2 g kg-1) of L. aspera enriched diet significantly (P < 0.05) increased lysozyme activities in the serum and mucus, serum peroxidase and phagocytosis activity. However, significant (P < 0.05) increase in mucus peroxidase activity was reported in fish fed diet 4 (4 g kg-1) and diet 5 (8 g kg-1) of L. aspera, whereas significantly higher (P < 0.05) alternative complement activity was reported in fish fed diet 2 (1 g kg-1) of L. aspera. At the end of the experiment, nine fish per replication were selected for a challenge test against S. agalactiae. The dietary supplementation of L. aspera significantly reduced the mortality rate and increased the resistance of Nile tilapia following by challenge with S. agalactiae. The highest post challenge survival of 100% was observed in tilapia fed diet 5 (8 g kg-1) following by 92.6% of RPS in fish fed diet 4 (4 g kg-1) and 88.9% in diet 3 (2 g kg-1), 77.8% in diet 2 (1 g kg-1) and 74.1% in diet 1(0 g kg-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Amitha Kurian
- School of Ocean Science and Technology, Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies Panangad, Kochi, 682 506, Kerala, India
| | - Hien Van Doan
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Wanaporn Tapingkae
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Preetham Elumalai
- School of Ocean Science and Technology, Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies Panangad, Kochi, 682 506, Kerala, India.
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Fragoso-Serrano M, Pereda-Miranda R. Dereplication of podophyllotoxin and related cytotoxic lignans in Hyptis verticillata by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Phytochem Anal 2020; 31:81-87. [PMID: 31328323 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hyptis verticillata Jacq. (Lamiaceae) is a Mexican medicinal plant for the treatment of skin infections and illness affecting the respiratory and gastrointestinal systems. OBJECTIVE To associate the efficient resolution provided by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography combined to the accuracy of a hybrid Fourier-transform (FT) mass spectrometer in order to dereplicate podophyllotoxin-type lignans in a plant extract. METHODS An ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array-high resolution electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-PDA-HRESI-MS/MS) method was applied in an Orbitrap hybrid FT spectrometer for dereplication of podophyllotoxin and related cytotoxic lignans in wild bushmint. This procedure included high-resolution mass values for positively charged ions [M + H]+ and [M + NH4 ]+ , MS/MS data, and comparison of UV maxima and retention times with pure compounds. RESULTS Podophyllotoxin in addition to seven aryltetralins, four arylnaphthalenes, and one dibenzylbutyrolactone were dereplicated from the methanol extract in a short-time analysis (5 min). 4'-O-Demethyl-dehydro-deoxypodophyllotoxin was identified as a new natural product. CONCLUSION The applied UHPLC-MS/MS dereplication method is suitable for a rapid analysis of podophyllotoxin-type lignans and the resulting chemical fingerprinting could be valuable in quality control of herbal drugs and their phytopharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mabel Fragoso-Serrano
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rogelio Pereda-Miranda
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City, Mexico
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Chege BM, Waweru MP, Frederick B, Nyaga NM. The freeze-dried extracts of Rotheca myricoides (Hochst.) Steane & Mabb possess hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic and hypoinsulinemic on type 2 diabetes rat model. J Ethnopharmacol 2019; 244:112077. [PMID: 31369832 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 07/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Rotheca myricoides (Hochst.) Steane & Mabb is a plant species used in traditional medicine for the management of diabetes in the lower eastern part of Kenya (Kitui, Machakos and Makueni Counties, Kenya) that is mainly inhabited by the Kamba community. AIM This study investigated the antihyperglycaemic, antidyslipidemic and antihyperinsulinemic activity of the freeze-dried extracts of Rotheca myricoides (Hochst.) Steane & Mabb (RME) in an animal model of type 2 diabetes mellitus. METHODS Type 2 diabetes was induced by dietary manipulation for 56 days via (high fat- high fructose diet) and intraperitoneal administration of streptozocin (30 mg/kg). Forty freshly-weaned Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned into the negative control (high fat/high fructose diet), low dose test (50mg/kg RME, high dose test (100mg/kg RME and positive control (Pioglitazone, 20mg/kg) groups. Fasting blood glucose and body weight were measured at weekly intervals. Oral glucose tolerance tests were performed on days 28 and 56. Lipid profile, hepatic triglycerides, fasting serum insulin levels and serum uric acid were determined on day 56. RESULTS The RME possessed significant antihyperglycemic [FBG: 6.5 ± 0.11 mmol/l (negative control) vs. 4.62 ± 0.13 mmol/l (low dose test) vs. 5.25 ± 0.15 mmol/l in (high dose test) vs. 4.33 ± 0.09 mmol/l (positive control): p < 0.0001] and antihyperinsulinemic effects [1.84 ± 0.19 (negative control) vs. (0.69 ± 0.13 (low dose test) vs. (0.83 ± 0.17 (high dose test) vs. (0.69 ± 0.10 (positive control): F (3, 36) = 0.6421: p < 0.0001. The extracts also possessed significant antidyslipidemic effects [LDL levels: 3.52 ± 0.19 mmol/l (negative control) vs. 0.33 ± 0.14 mmol/l (low dose test) vs. 0.34 ± 0.20 mmol/l (high dose test) vs. 0.33 ± 0.01 mmol/l (positive control): p < 0.0001].RME significantly lowered plasma uric acid levels, as well as hepatic triglycerides and hepatic weights. Network pharmacology analysis indicated that the observed pharmacological effects are mediated via the modulation of Peroxisome proliferator-activated gamma receptor. CONCLUSIONS The freeze dried extracts of Rotheca myricoides possessed significant antihyperglycemic and antidyslidemic effects. In addition it lowered serum uric levels, as well as hepatic triglycerides and hepatic weight. These results appear to validate the traditional use of this plant species in the management of diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boniface Mwangi Chege
- Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Nairobi, GPO 30197-00100, Kenya.
| | - Mwangi Peter Waweru
- Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Nairobi, GPO 30197-00100, Kenya.
| | - Bukachi Frederick
- Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Nairobi, GPO 30197-00100, Kenya.
| | - Nelly Murugi Nyaga
- Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Nairobi, GPO 30197-00100, Kenya.
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Chabán MF, Karagianni C, Joray MB, Toumpa D, Sola C, Crespo MI, Palacios SM, Athanassopoulos CM, Carpinella MC. Antibacterial effects of extracts obtained from plants of Argentina: Bioguided isolation of compounds from the anti-infectious medicinal plant Lepechinia meyenii. J Ethnopharmacol 2019; 239:111930. [PMID: 31059749 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.111930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The mostly native species from Argentina are used in traditional medicine generally for the treatment of pain and inflammation, respiratory, gastro-intestinal and urinary disorders and as antiseptics. AIM OF THE STUDY Since these ailments may be associated with bacterial infections and that it is necessary to discover alternative compounds with antibacterial activity, 69 extracts from these plants were screened for their activity against pathogenic bacteria. The most effective extract was then submitted to bioguided isolation to obtain the compounds responsible for this activity. MATERIALS AND METHODS Extracts and fractions were screened using agar dilution, and compounds using microbroth dilution methods. A large panel of pathogenic bacteria was used, especially methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). Bioguided fractionation was performed using successive chromatographic techniques, while the chemical structures of the isolated compounds were determined by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Additionally, a series of derivatives of the most active compound were prepared in order to study the chemical features required for achieving the antibacterial effect. RESULTS Lepechinia meyenii (Walp.) Epling (Lamiaceae) extract showed itself the most effective, with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against Gram positive and negative bacteria ranging from 62.5 to 500 μg/mL, and showing better activity on MRSA than on MSSA. Activity-guided fractionation yielded the abietanes carnosol (1), rosmanol (2) and carnosic acid (3) as active principles, with MICs ranging from 15.6-31.2, 15.6-62.5 and 7.8-15.6 μg/mL, respectively against 15 MRSA strains, and 15.6-31.2, 31.2-62.5 and 7.8-15.6 μg/mL, respectively against 11 MSSA strains, maintaining higher activity against the resistant bacteria, as does the extract. In addition, Enterococcus faecalis was sensitive to 1-3 with MICs of 15.6-62.5 μg/mL. The structure activity analysis showed that 12-OH is necessary for remarkable activity, but methylation in C-20 significantly increased this, as observed with 20-methyl carnosate (5) displaying the greatest effect, even more so than 3, with MICs of 3.9 μg/mL against all the tested MRSA and 3.9-7.8 μg/mL against the MSSA. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study contribute to validate the traditional antibacterial use of species native to Argentina, particularly of L. meyenii. The chemical structures of the compounds obtained may aid the design of antibacterial agents, especially those effective against MRSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Macarena Funes Chabán
- IRNASUS CONICET and Fine Chemical and Natural Products Laboratory, School of Chemistry, Catholic University of Córdoba, Avda. Armada Argentina 3555, X5016DHK, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Catherine Karagianni
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, GR-26504, Patras, Greece
| | - Mariana Belén Joray
- IRNASUS CONICET and Fine Chemical and Natural Products Laboratory, School of Chemistry, Catholic University of Córdoba, Avda. Armada Argentina 3555, X5016DHK, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Dimitra Toumpa
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, GR-26504, Patras, Greece
| | - Claudia Sola
- CIBICI CONICET and Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemical Science, National University of Córdoba, Haya de la Torre and Medina Allende, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - María Inés Crespo
- IRNASUS CONICET and Fine Chemical and Natural Products Laboratory, School of Chemistry, Catholic University of Córdoba, Avda. Armada Argentina 3555, X5016DHK, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Sara María Palacios
- IRNASUS CONICET and Fine Chemical and Natural Products Laboratory, School of Chemistry, Catholic University of Córdoba, Avda. Armada Argentina 3555, X5016DHK, Córdoba, Argentina
| | | | - María Cecilia Carpinella
- IRNASUS CONICET and Fine Chemical and Natural Products Laboratory, School of Chemistry, Catholic University of Córdoba, Avda. Armada Argentina 3555, X5016DHK, Córdoba, Argentina.
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Khalil M, Khalifeh H, Baldini F, Salis A, Damonte G, Daher A, Voci A, Vergani L. Antisteatotic and antioxidant activities of Thymbra spicata L. extracts in hepatic and endothelial cells as in vitro models of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. J Ethnopharmacol 2019; 239:111919. [PMID: 31029756 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.111919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Thymbra spicata, a member of the Lamiaceae family, is native to eastern Mediterranean area. Leaves of this plant are rich in phenolic compounds and are a popular remedy of traditional medicine in Lebanon to prevent and/or counteract hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia. AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate the antisteatotic and antioxidant activities of extracts from leaves of Thymbra spicata L. using in vitro models of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a leading cause of liver-related morbidity and mortality worldwide, for whom no effective treatments are still available. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two different extracts from Thymbra spicata L. aerial parts were prepared using water (TW) or ethanol (TE) as solvent. Their chemical composition was characterized by gas and liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Both extracts were tested on cultured hepatic and endothelial cells treated to mimic in vitro a multisistemic pathology such as NAFLD. We assayed the effects on lipid accumulation, free radical production, lipid peroxidation, cell migration. RESULTS Both the total phenolic and the total flavonoid contents were higher in the ethanolic extract. Rosmarinic acid was the most abundant polyphenol in TW, while TE was richer in carvacrol. Our findings demonstrated that both extracts ameliorated lipid accumulation, oxidative stress and inflammation in the NAFLD cellular models. However, the aqueous extract was more effective to reduce hepatic steatosis, and the ethanolic extract had higheranti-oxidant potential and wound healing activity. CONCLUSIONS T. spicata extracts could be promising bioactive products to develop natural therapeutic agents or dietary supplements to treat NAFLD and obesity-related metabolic disease. Our findings suggest that while the ethanolic extract might be used in preventing endothelium dysfunction, the aqueous extract would act better as lipid-lowering agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Khalil
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genova, Corso Europa 26, 16132, Genova, Italy; Department of Biology, Laboratory Rammal Rammal (ATAC), Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Hadath Campus, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hala Khalifeh
- Department of Biology, Laboratory Rammal Rammal (ATAC), Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Hadath Campus, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Francesca Baldini
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genova, Corso Europa 26, 16132, Genova, Italy
| | - Annalisa Salis
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, Viale Benedetto XV 1, 16132, Genova, Italy
| | - Gianluca Damonte
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, Viale Benedetto XV 1, 16132, Genova, Italy; Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genova, Viale Benedetto XV 9, 16132, Genova, Italy
| | - Ahmad Daher
- Department of Biology, Laboratory Rammal Rammal (ATAC), Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Hadath Campus, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Adriana Voci
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genova, Corso Europa 26, 16132, Genova, Italy
| | - Laura Vergani
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genova, Corso Europa 26, 16132, Genova, Italy.
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Hernández-Coronado AC, Silva-Vázquez R, Rangel-Nava ZE, Hernández-Martínez CA, Kawas-Garza JR, Hume ME, Méndez-Zamora G. Mexican oregano essential oils given in drinking water on performance, carcass traits, and meat quality of broilers. Poult Sci 2019; 98:3050-3058. [PMID: 30839090 PMCID: PMC6591684 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pez094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of 2 Mexican oregano essential oils (MOO), from Poliomintha longiflora Gray (PLG) and Lippia berlandieri Schauer (LBS), in drinking water (DWt) on the performance, slaughter variables, and meat quality of broilers over a 40 D period of growth. A total of 180 non-sexed Ross-308 broilers (1-day-old) were randomly assigned to 3 treatments with 6 replications each (10 birds per replicate): CON = DWt control (without MOO); PLG = DWt + 400 mg/L of PLG; and LBS = DWt + 400 mg/L of LBS. The CON, PLG, and LBS broilers body weights were similar (P > 0.05) at all times. Feed intake (FI) was different by treatment (P < 0.05) at 7 and 28 D, and water intake (WI) was different (P < 0.05) at day 28. The CON treatment was highest (P < 0.05) at 28 D for FI and WI, whereas LBS was lowest (P < 0.05). Weight gain (WG) for CON, PLG, and LBS broilers was similar (P > 0.05), although WG for CON was slightly higher. In CON broilers, slaughter weight was highest (P < 0.05), but thigh yield was lowest (P < 0.05). The CON and PLG treatments were lower (P < 0.05) in thigh and leg cooking losses. The PLG treatment presented the highest values (P < 0.05) for breast-meat redness, saturation index, shear force, odor, taste, and overall sensory acceptability. The LBS was higher (P < 0.05) for breast-meat shear force, cohesiveness and resilience, but lower (P < 0.05) for sensory attributes. Mexican oregano essential oils at 400 mg/L can serve as natural alternative additives in DWt to improve broiler production and meat quality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ramón Silva-Vázquez
- Instituto Tecnologico de Parral, Departamento de Ingenieria Quimica y Bioquimica, Hidalgo del Parral, 33850, Chihuahua, Mexico
| | - Zayd Eliud Rangel-Nava
- Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Facultad de Agronomia, General Escobedo, 66050, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | | | - Jorge R Kawas-Garza
- Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Facultad de Agronomia, General Escobedo, 66050, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | - Michael E Hume
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Food and Feed Safety Research Unit, Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, College Station, 778445, TX
| | - Gerardo Méndez-Zamora
- Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Facultad de Agronomia, General Escobedo, 66050, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
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Dong ZX, Wang YW, Liu QZ, Tian BL, Liu ZL. Laboratory Screening of 26 Essential Oils Against Cacopsylla chinensis (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) and Field Confirmation of the Top Performer, Perilla frutescens (Lamiales: Lamiaceae). J Econ Entomol 2019; 112:1299-1305. [PMID: 30649362 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toy414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Similar to other pear psylla species in Europe and America, Cacopsylla chinensis (Yang and Li) is one of the most important pests that causes yield loss in commercial pear orchards in China. To investigate effective essential oils as alternatives to conventional pesticides against C. chinensis, 26 essential oils derived from commonly used Chinese spices and medicinal herbs were screened for insecticidal activity. Among these, the essential oil from Perilla frutescens (L.) Britton leaves was the top performer; it exhibited strong and acute toxicity against pear psylla, with an LD50 value of 0.63 μg per adult. Then, we tested the constituents of the essential oil and its toxicity in the field. Field trials showed a 72% corrected reduction in the first-second-instar population 7 d after spraying P. frutescens leaf oil solution at a concentration of 1 mg/ml and a 47% corrected reduction at days 3 and 14. This report is the first to document the application of essential oil from P. frutescens leaves to control C. chinensis under field conditions. Our results suggest that P. frutescens oil can be considered a novel potential pesticide for C. chinensis control in pear orchards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Xian Dong
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan-Wei Wang
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qi-Zhi Liu
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Bao-Liang Tian
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi-Long Liu
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Sharma K, Garg VK. Recycling of lignocellulosic waste as vermicompost using earthworm Eisenia fetida. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019; 26:14024-14035. [PMID: 30852751 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04639-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Present study aimed to evaluate the vermicomposting of lignocellulosic wastes employing Eisenia fetida earthworms. The study examined the effectiveness of vermicomposting for 105 days by mixing lignocellulosic waste (LW) with cattle manure (CM) in five different proportions. Results revealed that TOC and C/N ratio decreased gradually till end and in vermicomposts varied between 268-320 g/kg and 12.26-16.85, respectively. Nutrient content (NPK) in the vermicomposts increased with time in all the mixtures. Heavy metals' content also increased in vermicomposts and benefit ratio for heavy metals ranged between 0.06 and 5.1. Increase in earthworm biomass (22.38-39.64 g) and reproduction (21.27-31.60 hatchlings/worm) was also satisfactory in all the waste mixtures. Based on results, it can be inferred that lignocellulosic waste can successfully be converted into good quality manure employing earthworms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavita Sharma
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, 125001, India
| | - Vinod Kumar Garg
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, 125001, India.
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Technology, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151001, India.
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He J, Zeng L, Wei R, Zhong G, Zhu Y, Xu T, Yang L. Lagopsis supina exerts its diuretic effect via inhibition of aquaporin-1, 2 and 3 expression in a rat model of traumatic blood stasis. J Ethnopharmacol 2019; 231:446-452. [PMID: 30394291 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Lagopsis supina has been used as a traditional medicinal herb for centuries in China. In folk medicine, it is used for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis (PBCRBS), anti-inflammatory and diuretic activities. Modern pharmacological investigation have shown that L. supina have an improvement in blood and lymphatic microcirculation, myocardioprotective, and antioxidative activities. Although the pharmacological research of L. supina was more, there was no report on the diuretic activity. AIM OF THE STUDY This study was to evaluate the diuretic activity and the underlying mechanism of an ethanol extract of L. supina (LS) in a rat model of traumatic blood stasis (TBS). MATERIALS AND METHODS There were 30 male Sprague-Dawley rats that were randomly assigned to the control group, TBS group, and LS group (10 animals in each group). LS was administered orally (460 mg/kg) once daily for 7 successive days. The control group and TBS group were given an equal amount of 0.3% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-Na). For the efficacy evaluation, the urine output volume, the urinary electrolyte concentrations (Na+, K+, Cl- and Ca2+) and pH value, the levels of angiotensin II (Ang II), atriopeptin (ANP), anti-diuretic hormone (ADH) and aldosterone (ALD), as well as aquaporin (AQP)-1, 2 and 3 protein expressions were detected in a rat model of TBS. The protein expressions of AQP-1, 2 and 3 were detected by quantitative immunohistochemistry (IHC) and Western blot analysis. RESULTS In the efficacy evaluation, rat models treated with LS showed a significant increase in the total urine output (p < 0.01). The urinary electrolyte and the acid-base disturbances, including the decrease of Na+ and Ca2+ levels and the Na+/K+ value together with the increase in the Cl- level and the pH value, in the urine of the LS group were compared with the TBS group. Moreover, the levels of Ang II, ADH and ALD of rat model were decreased after being treated with LS (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01), while the ANP level was increased (p < 0.05). In addition, the results of the quantitative IHC and the Western blot analysis showed that the expression levels of AQP-1, 2 and 3 proteins decreased significantly compared with those of the TBS group. CONCLUSIONS This is the first reported notable diuretic effect by LS, which probably was through the suppression of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) and the regulation of the signaling pathways of AQP-1, 2 and 3 protein expressions. Based on our results, we conclude that L. supina carries out its diuretic effect mainly by down-regulating the levels of AQP-1, 2 and 3 expressions in TBS rat model. These data also embody the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) application principle of Huo xue li shui. These findings suggest that LS may warrant further evaluation as a possible agent for the diuretic drug in clinical applications. Further research is underway to elucidate the active compounds responsible for the diuretic activity of LS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junwei He
- Research Center of Natural Resources of Chinese Medicinal Materials and Ethnic Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China.
| | - Lingbing Zeng
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Rongrui Wei
- Research Center of Natural Resources of Chinese Medicinal Materials and Ethnic Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Guoyue Zhong
- Research Center of Natural Resources of Chinese Medicinal Materials and Ethnic Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Yuye Zhu
- Research Center of Natural Resources of Chinese Medicinal Materials and Ethnic Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Tingting Xu
- Research Center of Natural Resources of Chinese Medicinal Materials and Ethnic Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Li Yang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China.
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Khajavi Rad A, Mohebbati R. Zataria multiflora extract and carvacrol affect cardiotoxicity induced by Adriamycin in rat. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2018; 30:73-79. [PMID: 30110251 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2018-0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Background Because of the antioxidant effects of Zataria multiflora (ZM) and carvacrol (CAR) and also the role of oxidative stress in the induction of cardiotoxicity induced by Adriamycin (ADR), the aim of this study was to investigate the improvement effects of ZM extract and CAR on cardiotoxicity induced by ADR in rats. Methods Twenty-eight male rats were randomly assigned to four groups including (1) the control group; (2) the ADR group, which received ADR intravenously at the beginning of the study and the (3) ZM+ADR and (4) CAR+ADR groups, which received ZM and CAR by gavage for 28 consecutive days and ADR as single dose. Blood samples were collected on days 0 and 28 to determine serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Also, cardiac tissue was removed for redox marker evaluation. Results In the ADR group, malondialdehyde (MDA) significantly increased and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and total thiol contents significantly reduced, as compared with the control group, while CAR administration significantly improved this condition. Treatment with ZM significantly increased the SOD activity and total thiol content, as compared with the ADR group. The level of LDH significantly increased on day 28 in the ADR group compared to the control group, and administration of ZM and CAR significantly decreased it. The SGPT and SGOT levels in the ADR group significantly increased, and CAR administration significantly reduced them. Conclusion The results indicate that the administration of ZM hydroalcoholic extracts and its active ingredient, CAR, could reduce the oxidative stress damage through promotion of the cardiac and systemic antioxidant system. Also, CAR administration demonstrated better improvement in cardiotoxicity with ADR in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abolfazl Khajavi Rad
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Reza Mohebbati
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran, Phone: +985138828565, Fax: +985138828564, E-mail:
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Sreeja PS, Arunachalam K, Martins DTDO, Lima JCDS, Balogun SO, Pavan E, Saikumar S, Dhivya S, Kasipandi M, Parimelazhagan T. Sphenodesme involucrata var. paniculata (C.B. Clarke) Munir.: Chemical characterization, anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of methanol extract of leaves. J Ethnopharmacol 2018; 225:71-80. [PMID: 29960023 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.06.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Sphenodesme involucrata var. paniculata (C. B. Clarke) Munir is native as well as endemic to South India. Its leaves are used in folklore medicine to treat pain and rheumatism. OBJECTIVE This study was aimed to investigate the chemical characterization, anti-nociceptive and mode of action underlying the anti-inflammatory effects of methanol extract of S. involucrata leaves (MESi). METHODS Phytoconstituents of MESi was analyzed using colorimetric and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) methods, and the oral acute toxicity was evaluated in mice up to 2000 mg/kg. The anti-nociceptive effect was evaluated in hot plate and writhing tests; whereas the anti-inflammatory effect was investigated using carrageenan, cotton pellet and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced peritonitis models at doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg. Additionally nitric oxide (NO) and inflammatory cytokines levels were also evaluated. RESULTS MESi exhibited the high content of phenolics and flavonoids as well as compounds like austricine, benzylglucosinolate, gossypin, justicidin B and cirsimarin were detected in LC-MS. In the acute toxicity study, oral administration of MESi did not cause any toxic effect and mortality up to 2000 mg/kg body weight in mice. In the anti-nociceptive tests, MESi augmented the latency period at higher dose (400 mg/kg), on the other hand attenuated writhings at the dose of 400 mg/kg by 87.87% (p < 0.001). In the carrageenan induced paw oedema MESi significantly inhibited the oedema formation at dose 400 mg/kg by 32.1%; besides, anti-inflammatory effect was registered in the cotton pellets-induced inflammation model at doses 200 and 400 mg/kg by 27.09% (p < 0.001) and 35.47% (p < 0.001) respectively. On the other hand, MESi appreciably reduced leukocyte, neutrophils infiltration, nitric oxide, TNF-α and IL-1β levels and increased the IL-10 level in the (LPS)-induced peritonitis model. CONCLUSION The results conclude that MESi has no acute toxic effect and it demonstrated potent anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities. Its anti-nociceptive activities are probably mediated through peripheral and central mechanisms. The anti-inflammatory effect of MESi involved the inhibition of neutrophils migration and the modulation of Th1 and Th2 cytokines, besides the attenuation of production of PGE2 and NO. LC-MS analysis revealed the predominant presence of the austricine, benzylglucosinolate, gossypin, justicidin B and cirsimarin compounds, which are possibly involved in the anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of MESi. The current study provided supportive evidence for the folklore use of S. involucrata in the treatment of pain and inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Karuppusamy Arunachalam
- Área de Farmacologia, Departamento de Ciências Básicas em Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiabá, Brazil
| | | | - Joaquim Corsino da Silva Lima
- Área de Farmacologia, Departamento de Ciências Básicas em Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiabá, Brazil
| | - Sikiru Olaitan Balogun
- Área de Farmacologia, Departamento de Ciências Básicas em Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiabá, Brazil; Faculdade Noroeste do Mato Grosso, Acadêmia Juinense de Ensino Superior LTDA-ME (AJES), Juína, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - Eduarda Pavan
- Área de Farmacologia, Departamento de Ciências Básicas em Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiabá, Brazil
| | - Sathyanarayanan Saikumar
- Bioprospecting Lab, Department of Botany, Bharathiar University (BU), Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sivaraj Dhivya
- Bioprospecting Lab, Department of Botany, Bharathiar University (BU), Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Muniyandi Kasipandi
- Bioprospecting Lab, Department of Botany, Bharathiar University (BU), Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Thangaraj Parimelazhagan
- Bioprospecting Lab, Department of Botany, Bharathiar University (BU), Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Napagoda M, Gerstmeier J, Butschek H, Lorenz S, Kanatiwela D, Qader M, Nagahawatte A, De Soyza S, Wijayaratne GB, Svatoš A, Jayasinghe L, Koeberle A, Werz O. Lipophilic extracts of Leucas zeylanica, a multi-purpose medicinal plant in the tropics, inhibit key enzymes involved in inflammation and gout. J Ethnopharmacol 2018; 224:474-481. [PMID: 29727733 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.04.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Leucas zeylanica (L.) W.T. Aiton is a popular, multi-purpose medicinal plant in Sri Lanka but the pharmacological potential and the chemical profile have not been systematically investigated to understand and rationalize the reported ethnobotanical significance. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study was undertaken to scientifically validate the traditional usage of this plant for the treatment of inflammatory conditions, gout and microbial infections. Inhibition of 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO), microsomal prostaglandin E2 synthase (mPGES)-1 and xanthine oxidase (XO) by different extracts of L. zeylanica was investigated to determine the anti-inflammatory and anti-gout activity, respectively. The antibacterial and antifungal activities were also studied and the relevant constituents in the bioactive extracts were tentatively identified. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cell-free and/or cell-based assays were employed in order to investigate the effects of the extracts against the activity of human 5-LO, mPGES-1 and XO as well as to assess antioxidant properties. The antibacterial activity of the extracts was determined by the broth micro-dilution method against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus while the agar dilution method was employed to determine the anti-Candida activity. Gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometric (GC-MS) analysis enabled the characterization of secondary metabolites in the extracts. RESULTS The dichloromethane extract of L. zeylanica efficiently inhibited 5-LO activity in stimulated human neutrophils (IC50 = 5.5 µg/mL) and isolated human 5-LO and mPGES-1 (IC50 = 2.2 and 0.4 µg/mL). Potent inhibition of XO was observed by the same extract (IC50 = 47.5 μg/mL), which is the first report of XO-inhibitory activity of a Sri Lankan medicinal plant. Interestingly, significant radical scavenging activity was not observed by this extract. Only the n-hexane extract exhibited antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus saprophyticus with a MIC of 250 µg/mL while the anti-Candida activity was moderate. GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of phytosterols, fatty acids, sesquiterpenes, diterpenes and several other types of secondary metabolites. CONCLUSIONS Potent inhibition of 5-LO, mPGES-1 and XO rationalizes the ethnopharmacological use of L. zeylanica as anti-inflammatory and anti-gout remedy. Interestingly, the antimicrobial activities were not prominent, despite its wide utility as an antimicrobial medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayuri Napagoda
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ruhuna, Galle 80000, Sri Lanka.
| | - Jana Gerstmeier
- Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, D-07743 Jena, Germany.
| | - Hannah Butschek
- Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, D-07743 Jena, Germany.
| | - Sybille Lorenz
- Research Group Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knoell-Strasse 8, D-07745 Jena, Germany.
| | - Dinusha Kanatiwela
- National Institute of Fundamental Studies, Hantana Road, Kandy 20000, Sri Lanka.
| | - Mallique Qader
- National Institute of Fundamental Studies, Hantana Road, Kandy 20000, Sri Lanka.
| | - Ajith Nagahawatte
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ruhuna, Galle 80000, Sri Lanka.
| | - Sudhara De Soyza
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ruhuna, Galle 80000, Sri Lanka.
| | | | - Aleš Svatoš
- Research Group Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knoell-Strasse 8, D-07745 Jena, Germany.
| | - Lalith Jayasinghe
- National Institute of Fundamental Studies, Hantana Road, Kandy 20000, Sri Lanka.
| | - Andreas Koeberle
- Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, D-07743 Jena, Germany.
| | - Oliver Werz
- Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Philosophenweg 14, D-07743 Jena, Germany.
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Ahmadi Z, Saber M, Akbari A, Mahdavinia GR. Encapsulation of Satureja hortensis L. ( Lamiaceae) in chitosan/TPP nanoparticles with enhanced acaricide activity against Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae). Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2018; 161:111-119. [PMID: 29879571 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.05.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was the fabrication of encapsulated Satureja hortensis essential oil (S.EO) in chitosan/tripolyphosphate nanoparticles (CS/TPP-NPs) via ionic gelation technique and investigation of its acaricidal effect. A high encapsulation efficiency of 96.17% was obtained, which shows successful encapsulation of EOs in CS-TPP nanoparticles. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis proved the formation of spherical S. hortensis EO-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (S.EO@NPs). Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis demonstrated the presence of encapsulated S.EO in CS/TPP nanoparticles. The average size of nanoparticles was found to be 192.1 ± 11 nm using dynamic light scattering (DLS) technique. Moreover, durability and fumigant acaricide activity of S.EO@NPs against Tetranychus urticae Koch were investigated. The obtained results demonstrated that there were considerable differences between pure S. hortensis EO and S.EO@NPs in their ovicidal, adulticidal, and persistence activities against T. urticae. The LC50 values of pure EO and as-prepared S.EO@NPs against adult mite were 4.95, 46.98 µL/L after 24 h exposure and 2.02, 31.30 µL/L after 72 h exposure, respectively. Fumigation exposure for 24 and 72 h showed that the sensitivity of adults T. urticae were more than the eggs of T. urticae. The LC50 values of fumigant toxicity of pure S.EO and S.EO@NPs against eggs of T. urticae were measured after 24 and 72 h. The experimental results for 24 h treatment showed 6.71 and 211.66 µL/L air LC50 values for pure S.EO and S.EO@NPs, respectively. In the case of 72 h exposure, The LC50 values of pure S.EO and S.EO@NPs were 4.15 and 107.38 µL/L air, respectively. A sustained release of S.EO from S.EO@NPs was observed during 25 days of the study, indicating the persistence acaricide activity for a long time. The as-prepared S.EO@NPs and pure S.EO illustrated 67% and 2% mortality at 18th day exposure, respectively. The notable increasing of the residual fumigant toxicity may be related to the slow and sustainable release of the active ingredient of EO. Based on this study, the S.EO@NPs showed significantly residual adulticidal activity against adults of T. urticae. S.EO@NPs would be recommended as an alternative for pure EOs and other common acaricides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Ahmadi
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Moosa Saber
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Akbari
- Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Gholam Reza Mahdavinia
- Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran.
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Viswanatha GL, Venkataranganna MV, Prasad NBL, Hanumanthappa S. Chemical characterization and cerebroprotective effect of methanolic root extract of Colebrookea oppositifolia in rats. J Ethnopharmacol 2018; 223:63-75. [PMID: 29777902 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Colebrookea oppositifolia Smith is one of the extensively used plants to treat neurological conditions such as epilepsy by the various ethnic communities in sub-Himalayan regions of India such as Bhoxa, Tharu and nomadic Gujjars. AIM OF THE STUDY This study was conducted to evaluate the cerebroprotective effect of C. oppositifolia methanolic root (MeCO) extract in Wistar rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS The MeCO was characterized for total phenolic content and later subjected for detailed liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. Further, it was evaluated for in vitro antioxidant activity using 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, ferric reducing antioxidant power and oxygen radical absorbance capacity assays. In addition, the MeCO was investigated on generation of ROS, nitrite, and TNF-α in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cell lines. Finally, the cerebroprotective effect of MeCO was examined against global ischemia and reperfusion (I/R)-induced brain injury in Wistar rats. Male Wistar rats were allocated in to five groups (G-I to G-V, n = 10). G-I and G-II served as sham control and I/R control, respectively, and received only vehicle (0.5% w/v carboxy methyl cellulose, 10 ml/kg, p.o.). G-III served as reference standard and received quercetin (20 mg/kg, p.o.). G-IV and G-V animals received 200 and 400 mg/kg oral doses of MeCO, respectively. All the treatments were given for a period of seven days and the parameters such as neurobehavioral (neurological, and cognitive), and motor functions, biochemical (enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, ICAM-I), morphological (cerebral edema and infarct area) and histopathological evaluations were performed. RESULTS The MeCO showed a total phenolic content of 137.28 mg gallic acid equivalents/g, and LC-MS/MS analysis of MeCO showed presence of acteoside, gossypin, quercetin and ferulic acid as major ingredients (6680.3, 1.55, 3.52 and 431.1 ng/mg). In in vitro antioxidant assays, the MeCO exhibited potent activity with IC50 of 49.10 µg/ml in DPPH assay; FRAP and ORAC values of 1180.5 and 2983.5 respectively. Furthermore, the MeCO significantly inhibited generation of ROS, nitrite and TNF-α in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cell lines. Sixty min of global ischemia with 24 h reperfusion produced substantial alterations in neurobehavioral functions in the I/R control group compared to sham control. In addition, a significant reduction in catalase and superoxide dismutase activities was observed. Moreover, lipid peroxidation increased and reduced glutathione levels decreased significantly. Furthermore, the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, and ICAM-I) increased significantly and those of anti-inflammatory (IL-10) decreased. I/R insult increased the brain volume and aggravated cerebral infarct formation. Histopathological examination of the rat brain revealed vascular congestion, cerebral edema, leukocyte infiltration, and brain tissue necrosis. Interestingly, seven days pretreatment with MeCO (200 and 400 mg/kg) alleviated all the I/R-induced perturbances (neurobehavioral, and motor functions, biochemical, morphological and histopathological) compared with the I/R control. CONCLUSIONS The MeCO exhibit potent cerebroprotective activity through its potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms, and hence may be useful in the management of ischemic stroke and associated complications.
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Cossetin LF, Santi EMT, Cossetin JF, Dillmann JB, Baldissera MD, Garlet QI, de Souza TP, Loebens L, Heinzmann BM, Machado MM, Monteiro SG. In vitro Safety and Efficacy of Lavender Essential Oil (Lamiales: Lamiaceae) as an Insecticide Against Houseflies (Diptera: Muscidae) and Blowflies (Diptera: Calliphoridae). J Econ Entomol 2018; 111:1974-1982. [PMID: 29846654 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toy145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Essential oils are considered an alternative for replacement of conventional insecticides that have provoked an increasing number of resistant species and damages to health. The objective of this work was to investigate the insecticidal activity of Lavandula dentata L. (Lamiales: Lamiaceae) oil against the species Musca domestica L. (Diptera: Muscidae) and Chrysomya albiceps Wiedemann (Diptera: Calliphoridae). Extraction of the essential oil from the aerial parts of the plant was carried out using hydro-distillation. Its principal compounds (1,8-cineol, camphor, and linalool oxide) were identified. Insecticidal activity was determined by evaluating adulticidal effect using topical application methods and exposure to impregnated paper; larvicidal effect was determined using immersion method. The essential oil presented toxicity in M. domestica and C. albiceps adults; the lethal concentration values (LC50) in the superficial application method were respectively 3.13 ± 0.64 and 1.39 ± 0.19% live weight (l/v). Toxicity was also found in the oil impregnated paper exposure test; the LC50 results for M. domestica and C. albiceps were respectively 4.15 ± 0.64 and 5.14 ± 0.81%. Larvicidal effect was observed on third stage M. domestica larvae when exposed to an oil concentration of 2.5% (m/v). In addition, the oil was evaluated for cytotoxicity, mutagenicity, and genotoxicity in human cells, and the in vitro safety of this oil in human cells was verified. Thus, L. dentata oil presented insecticidal activity in M. domestica and C. albiceps and can be used as an alternative for control of these dipterans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana F Cossetin
- Microbiology and Parasitology Department, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Eduarda Maria T Santi
- Microbiology and Parasitology Department, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Jocelene F Cossetin
- Pharmacology Graduate Program, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Janaína B Dillmann
- Microbiology and Parasitology Department, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Matheus D Baldissera
- Microbiology and Parasitology Department, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Quelen I Garlet
- Pharmacology Graduate Program, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Tiago P de Souza
- Microbiology and Parasitology Department, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Luiza Loebens
- Ecology and Evolution Department, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Berta M Heinzmann
- Pharmacology Graduate Program, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Michel M Machado
- Pharmacy Department, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Uruguaiana, Brazil
| | - Silvia G Monteiro
- Microbiology and Parasitology Department, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
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Khazdair MR, Rajabi O, Balali-Mood M, Beheshti F, Boskabady MH. The effect of Zataria multiflora on pulmonary function tests, hematological and oxidant/antioxidant parameters in sulfur mustard exposed veterans, a randomized doubled-blind clinical trial. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2018; 58:180-188. [PMID: 29408760 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2018.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sulfur mustard is an alkylating agent which cause to short and long term incapacitations on various organs including lung. There is no definite treatment for lung disorders induced by SM exposure. In the present study, the preventive effect of Zataria multiflora (Z. multiflora) on hematological parameters, oxidant/antioxidant markers and pulmonary function tests (PFT) in veterans, 27-30 years after exposed to SM were studied. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty seven veterans allocated to three groups included: placebo group (P) and two groups treated with 5 and 10 mg/kg/day of Z. multiflora (Zat 5 and Zat 10). Drugs were prescribed in a double-blind manner for two months. Total and different WBC, hematological indices, oxidant/antioxidant markers and PFT values included; force vital capacity (FVC) and peak expiratory flow (PEF) were assessed at the beginning (step 0), one and two month (step I and II, respectively) after starting treatment. RESULTS Total and different white blood cell in Zat 5 and 10 mg/kg treated groups in Step I and II were significantly decreased compared to Step 0 (p < 0.05 to p < 0.001). The levels of thiol, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in Zat 5 and 10 mg/kg treated groups in step I and II were significantly increased (p < 0.05 to p < 0.001) but the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) significantly decreased in two treatment groups compared to Step 0 (p < 0.05 and p < 0.001 respectively). FVC and PEF values were significant increase in Zat 5 and 10 mg/kg treated groups in step I and II compared to step 0 (p < 0.05 to p < 0.001). Furthermore, FVC and PEF values in Zat 5 mg/kg were also increased in step II compared to step I (p < 0.01 for both). The percentage improvement of total and differential WBC, oxidant/antioxidant markers, FVC and PEF values during two moth treatment period significantly improved in the treated groups compared to the placebo group. CONCLUSION Z. multiflora reduces inflammatory cells and oxidant biomarkers, while increase antioxidant biomarkers and improved PFT tests in SM exposed patients in a two moth treatment period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Khazdair
- Pharmaceutical Research Center and Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Omid Rajabi
- Department of Quality Control, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahdi Balali-Mood
- Medical Toxicology Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farimah Beheshti
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Boskabady
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Cansado IPDP, Belo CR, Mourão PAM. Valorisation of Tectona Grandis tree sawdust through the production of high activated carbon for environment applications. Bioresour Technol 2018; 249:328-333. [PMID: 29054063 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Revised: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This work presents a first approach concerning the use of Tectona Grandis tree sawdust (from East Timor) for high activated carbon production, by physical activation with carbon dioxide at different temperatures. The activated carbons (AC) obtained exhibit a well-developed porous structure with a pore size distribution varying from micro to mesopores. Selected AC was successfully evaluated for pesticide removal, specific to 4-chloro-2-methylphenoxyacetic acid, from the liquid phase. The results presented are very promising, allowing to establish that Tectona Grandis sawdust is as an excellent precursor for the basic AC production and allow to expect good performance of theses adsorbents on the removal of a broad range of pollutants. It should also be noted that, this achievement is very relevant for developing countries, such East Timor, where Tectona Grandis sawdust is available and may constitute a source of income creating a handle to the technical and industrial development of this region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Pestana da Paixão Cansado
- Centro de Química de Évora and Departamento de Química, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada and Escola de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade de Évora - Rua Romão Ramalho n(°)59, 7000-671 Évora, Portugal.
| | - Cristóvão Ramiro Belo
- Centro de Química de Évora and Departamento de Química, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada and Escola de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade de Évora - Rua Romão Ramalho n(°)59, 7000-671 Évora, Portugal; Faculdade de Educação, Artes e Humanidades, Departamento do Ensino de Química, Universidade Nacional Timor Lorosa'e, Rua Jacinto Cândido, Dili, Timor-Leste
| | - Paulo Alexandre Mira Mourão
- Centro de Química de Évora and Departamento de Química, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada and Escola de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade de Évora - Rua Romão Ramalho n(°)59, 7000-671 Évora, Portugal
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Yang JH, Yoo JM, Lee E, Lee B, Cho WK, Park KI, Yeul Ma J. Anti-inflammatory effects of Perillae Herba ethanolic extract against TNF-α/IFN-γ-stimulated human keratinocyte HaCaT cells. J Ethnopharmacol 2018; 211:217-223. [PMID: 28970155 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.09.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Perillae Herba is a perennial plant that is widely distributed throughout Asia. The leaves of Perillae Herba have been widely used to treat various diseases, such as cold due to wind-cold, headache, cough, abdominal fullness, distention, and fish and crab poisoning. MATERIALS AND METHODS To assess the anti-inflammatory activity of Perillae Herba leaf ethanolic extract (PHE) in human keratinocytes, we measured the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α/interferon (IFN)-γ-induced mRNA expression and production of proinflammatory chemokines such as thymus and activation-regulated chemokines; regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted; interleukin (IL)-6; and IL-8 in HaCaT cells. We evaluated the ability of PHE to decrease the expression of proinflammatory marker proteins, such as mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), STAT-1, and NK-κB, using western blot analysis and immunocytochemistry. RESULTS PHE inhibited activation of p38, ERK, and JNK and suppressed the phosphorylation of STAT-1 and NK-κB in TNF-α/IFN-γ-stimulated HaCaT cells. PHE also suppressed chemokine mRNA and protein levels in TNF-α/IFN-γ-stimulated HaCaT cells. PHE appears to regulate chemokine formation by inhibiting activation of MAPK, as well as the STAT-1 and NK-κB pathways. CONCLUSIONS PHE suppresses the expression and production of TNF-α/IFN-γ-stimulated proinflammatory chemokines by blocking NF-κB, STAT-1, and MAPK activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Hye Yang
- Korean Medicine (KM) Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), 70 Cheomdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 701-300, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Myung Yoo
- Korean Medicine (KM) Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), 70 Cheomdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 701-300, Republic of Korea
| | - Esther Lee
- Korean Medicine (KM) Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), 70 Cheomdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 701-300, Republic of Korea
| | - BoHyoung Lee
- Korean Medicine (KM) Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), 70 Cheomdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 701-300, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Kyung Cho
- Korean Medicine (KM) Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), 70 Cheomdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 701-300, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Il Park
- Korean Medicine (KM) Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), 70 Cheomdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 701-300, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jin Yeul Ma
- Korean Medicine (KM) Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), 70 Cheomdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 701-300, Republic of Korea.
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Bekut M, Brkić S, Kladar N, Dragović G, Gavarić N, Božin B. Potential of selected Lamiaceae plants in anti(retro)viral therapy. Pharmacol Res 2017; 133:301-314. [PMID: 29258916 PMCID: PMC7129285 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2017.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Constant search for new drugs with antiviral properties often extends to products of natural origin. Lamiaceae is one of the most important herbal families, well known for various biological and medicinal effects of a variety of aromatic spices, including thyme, mint, oregano, basil, sage, savory, rosemary, self-heal, hyssop, lemon balm and many others. The paper provides a review of antiviral potential of previously mentioned plants which has been demonstrated so far, with special emphasis on anti-HIV properties. Relevant articles were compiled by searching plant names combined with keywords describing antiviral activity. The antiviral effect is direct, with prominent activity against enveloped viral species. Initial stages of the viral life cycle are the most affected, as these plants appear to be targeting mainly viral structures responsible for attachment to target cells. In case of HIV, there is some activity against key enzymes in the viral life cycle. Even in the case of drug resistance, there is an equal susceptibility to applied herbal preparations. Some in vivo experiments suggest that use of Lamiaceae representatives could help in prevention and treatment of some viral diseases. A possible reduction of side effects of diseases and conventional drug therapy are also some aspects worth further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Bekut
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacy, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.
| | - Snežana Brkić
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; Clinical Centre of Vojvodina, Clinic for Infectious Diseases, Hajduk Veljkova 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Nebojša Kladar
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacy, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Gordana Dragović
- University of Belgrade, School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Dr Subotica 1/III, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Neda Gavarić
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacy, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Biljana Božin
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacy, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
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Pereira E, Antonio A, Barreira JCM, Santos-Buelga C, Barros L, Ferreira ICFR. How gamma and electron-beam irradiations modulate phenolic profile expression in Melissa officinalis L. and Melittis melissophyllum L. Food Chem 2017; 240:253-258. [PMID: 28946270 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.07.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Owing to the overall increase in herbal infusions' consumption, there's a progressively higher need of suitable plant material, as well as adequate conservation techniques to maintain its quality. Among, the available technologies, irradiation is gaining interest as a feasible preservation method. In line with this approach, this wok was designed to evaluate the effects of electron-beam and gamma irradiation over the phenolic profiles of two plant species Melissa officinalis L. (LB) and Melittis melissophyllum L. (BB). Individual phenolics were characterized by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to a diode array detector and a mass spectrometer (HPLC-DAD-ESI/MS). Irradiated samples showed a general increase in individual phenolic contents, especially in lithospermic acid A in LB and 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid in BB. Thus, this study revealed the potential usefulness of both conservation technologies when employed to this type of plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliana Pereira
- Centrode Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), ESA, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 1172, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; GIP-USAL, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Salamanca, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Amilcar Antonio
- Centrode Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), ESA, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 1172, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - João C M Barreira
- Centrode Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), ESA, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 1172, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Celestino Santos-Buelga
- GIP-USAL, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Salamanca, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Lillian Barros
- Centrode Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), ESA, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 1172, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Isabel C F R Ferreira
- Centrode Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), ESA, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 1172, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal.
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Wang YY, Lin SY, Chen WY, Liao SL, Wu CC, Pan PH, Chou ST, Chen CJ. Glechoma hederacea extracts attenuate cholestatic liver injury in a bile duct-ligated rat model. J Ethnopharmacol 2017; 204:58-66. [PMID: 28416441 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE In traditional Chinese medicine, Glechoma hederacea is frequently prescribed to patients with cholelithiasis, dropsy, abscess, diabetes, inflammation, and jaundice. Polyphenolic compounds are main bioactive components of Glechoma hederacea. AIM OF THE STUDY This study was aimed to investigate the hepatoprotective potential of hot water extract of Glechoma hederacea against cholestatic liver injury in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cholestatic liver injury was produced by ligating common bile ducts in Sprague-Dawley rats. Saline and hot water extract of Glechoma hederacea were orally administrated using gastric gavages. Liver tissues and bloods were collected and subjected to evaluation using histological, molecular, and biochemical approaches. RESULTS Using a rat model of cholestasis caused by bile duct ligation (BDL), daily oral administration of Glechoma hederacea hot water extracts showed protective effects against cholestatic liver injury, as evidenced by the improvement of serum biochemicals, ductular reaction, oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrosis. Glechoma hederacea extracts alleviated BDL-induced transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1), connective tissue growth factor, and collagen expression, and the anti-fibrotic effects were accompanied by reductions in α-smooth muscle actin-positive matrix-producing cells and Smad2/3 activity. Glechoma hederacea extracts attenuated BDL-induced inflammatory cell infiltration/accumulation, NF-κB and AP-1 activation, and inflammatory cytokine production. Further studies demonstrated an inhibitory effect of Glechoma hederacea extracts on the axis of high mobility group box-1 (HMGB1)/toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4) intracellular signaling pathways. CONCLUSIONS The hepatoprotective, anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-fibrotic effects of Glechoma hederacea extracts seem to be multifactorial. The beneficial effects of daily Glechoma hederacea extracts supplementation were associated with anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-fibrotic potential, as well as down-regulation of NF-κB, AP-1, and TGF-β/Smad signaling, probably via interference with the HMGB1/TLR4 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Yu Wang
- Division of Family Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
| | - Shih-Yi Lin
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407, Taiwan.
| | - Wen-Ying Chen
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan.
| | - Su-Lan Liao
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Cheng Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407, Taiwan.
| | - Pin-Ho Pan
- Department of Pediatrics, Tungs' Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital, Taichung 435, Taiwan.
| | - Su-Tze Chou
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Providence University, Taichung 433, Taiwan.
| | - Chun-Jung Chen
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407, Taiwan; Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan.
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Simões RR, Coelho IDS, Junqueira SC, Pigatto GR, Salvador MJ, Santos ARS, de Faria FM. Oral treatment with essential oil of Hyptis spicigera Lam. ( Lamiaceae) reduces acute pain and inflammation in mice: Potential interactions with transient receptor potential (TRP) ion channels. J Ethnopharmacol 2017; 200:8-15. [PMID: 28213106 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Revised: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The genus Hyptis comprehends almost 400 species widespread in tropical and temperate regions of America. The use of Hyptis spicigera Lam. (Lamiaceae) is reported in traditional medicine due to its gastroprotective, anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. AIM OF THE STUDY The rationale of this study was to investigate the potential use of the essential oil of H. spicigera (EOHs) as analgesic. MATERIAL AND METHODS The antinociceptive effect of EOHs was verified analyzing acute nocifensive behavior of mice induced by chemical noxious stimuli [i.e., formalin and transient receptor potential (TRP) channels agonists]. We also verified the effects of EOHs on locomotor activity and motor performance in mice. Finally, we investigate the involvement of central afferent C-fibers with EOHs analgesic effect. RESULTS EOHs presented antinociceptive effect at 300 and 1000mg/kg on formalin-induced pain behavior model, presenting 50% and 72% of inhibition during the first phase (ED50 =292mg/kg), and 85% and 100% during de second phase (ED50 =205mg/kg), respectively. Temperature of the hind paw was reduced by EOHs treatment in a dose-dependent manner; oedema was diminished only by EOHs 1000mg/kg. EOHs does not impaired locomotor activity or motor performance. For mice injected with capsaicin, a TRPV1 activator, EOHs (1000mg/kg, ED50 =660mg/kg) showed decreased (63%) nociceptive behavior. When injected with cinnamaldehyde (TRPA1 activator), mice treated with EOHs showed 23%, 43% and 66% inhibition on nociceptive behavior (100, 300 and 1000mg/kg, respectively; ED50 402mg/kg). When mice were injected with menthol (TRPM8 activator), EOHs showed 29%, 59% and 98% inhibition of nociceptive behavior (100, 300 and 1000mg/kg, respectively; with ED50 =198mg/kg. Finally, when desensitized mice were injected with menthol, EOHs (300mg/kg) does not show antinociceptive effect. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated the efficacy of EOHs on experimental models of nociception. We have found the involvement of TRP channels V1, A1 and M8 with EOHs activity, which was remarkably potent and efficient in inhibiting pain evoked by menthol, a TRPM8 channel activator. TRPM8 channels from TRPV1+ C-fibers, but not TRPM8+ C-fibers nor TRPM8+ Aδ mechanosensory fibers, mediate EOHs analgesic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Róli Rodrigues Simões
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - UFSC, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil; Laboratório de Neurobiologia da Dor e Inflamação, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - UFSC, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Igor Dos Santos Coelho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - UFSC, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil; Laboratório de Neurobiologia da Dor e Inflamação, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - UFSC, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Stella Célio Junqueira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - UFSC, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil; Laboratório de Neurobiologia da Dor e Inflamação, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - UFSC, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Glauce Regina Pigatto
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia da Dor e Inflamação, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - UFSC, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Marcos José Salvador
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adair Roberto Soares Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - UFSC, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil; Laboratório de Neurobiologia da Dor e Inflamação, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - UFSC, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
| | - Felipe Meira de Faria
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
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El Khoury R, Caceres I, Puel O, Bailly S, Atoui A, Oswald IP, El Khoury A, Bailly JD. Identification of the Anti-Aflatoxinogenic Activity of Micromeria graeca and Elucidation of Its Molecular Mechanism in Aspergillus flavus. Toxins (Basel) 2017; 9:toxins9030087. [PMID: 28257049 PMCID: PMC5371842 DOI: 10.3390/toxins9030087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Of all the food-contaminating mycotoxins, aflatoxins, and most notably aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), are found to be the most toxic and economically costly. Green farming is striving to replace fungicides and develop natural preventive strategies to minimize crop contamination by these toxic fungal metabolites. In this study, we demonstrated that an aqueous extract of the medicinal plant Micromeria graeca—known as hyssop—completely inhibits aflatoxin production by Aspergillus flavus without reducing fungal growth. The molecular inhibitory mechanism was explored by analyzing the expression of 61 genes, including 27 aflatoxin biosynthesis cluster genes and 34 secondary metabolism regulatory genes. This analysis revealed a three-fold down-regulation of aflR and aflS encoding the two internal cluster co-activators, resulting in a drastic repression of all aflatoxin biosynthesis genes. Hyssop also targeted fifteen regulatory genes, including veA and mtfA, two major global-regulating transcription factors. The effect of this extract is also linked to a transcriptomic variation of several genes required for the response to oxidative stress such as msnA, srrA, catA, cat2, sod1, mnsod, and stuA. In conclusion, hyssop inhibits AFB1 synthesis at the transcriptomic level. This aqueous extract is a promising natural-based solution to control AFB1 contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhoda El Khoury
- Toxalim, Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP Purpan, UPS, Toulouse F-31027, France.
- Laboratoire de Mycologie et Sécurité des Aliments (LMSA), Département des sciences de la vie et de la terres - Biochimie, Faculté des Sciences, Université Saint-Joseph, P.O. Box 17-5208, Mar Mikhael Beirut 1104 2020 Lebanon.
| | - Isaura Caceres
- Toxalim, Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP Purpan, UPS, Toulouse F-31027, France.
| | - Olivier Puel
- Toxalim, Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP Purpan, UPS, Toulouse F-31027, France.
| | - Sylviane Bailly
- Toxalim, Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP Purpan, UPS, Toulouse F-31027, France.
| | - Ali Atoui
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Natural Sciences and Earth, Faculty of Sciences I, Lebanese University, Hadath Campus, P.O. Box 5, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Isabelle P Oswald
- Toxalim, Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP Purpan, UPS, Toulouse F-31027, France.
| | - André El Khoury
- Laboratoire de Mycologie et Sécurité des Aliments (LMSA), Département des sciences de la vie et de la terres - Biochimie, Faculté des Sciences, Université Saint-Joseph, P.O. Box 17-5208, Mar Mikhael Beirut 1104 2020 Lebanon.
| | - Jean-Denis Bailly
- Toxalim, Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP Purpan, UPS, Toulouse F-31027, France.
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Quintans-Júnior LJ, Brito RG, Quintans JSS, Santos PL, Camargo ZT, Barreto PA, Arrigoni-Blank MF, Lucca-Júnior W, Scotti L, Scotti MT, Kolker SJ, Sluka KA. Nanoemulsion Thermoreversible Pluronic F127-Based Hydrogel Containing Hyptis pectinata ( Lamiaceae) Leaf Essential Oil Produced a Lasting Anti-hyperalgesic Effect in Chronic Noninflammatory Widespread Pain in Mice. Mol Neurobiol 2017; 55:1665-1675. [PMID: 28194646 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-017-0438-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
We evaluated if a nanostructured thermoreversible Pluronic F127-based hydrogel incorporated with Hyptis pectinata leaf essential oil (NE-EOH) produces a long-lasting anti-hyperalgesic effect on chronic muscle pain in an animal model. We induced chronic muscle pain by injecting the gastrocnemius with saline injections. Paw and muscle withdrawal thresholds and motor performance were evaluated after treatment and compared with morphine, diazepam, or vehicle. Naloxone and methysergide administration tested the involvement of opioid and serotonin receptors, respectively. Sites of action in the central nervous system for the NE-EOH were examined by measuring substance P (SP) levels in the spinal cord and Fos protein in the brainstem. NE-EOH increased paw and muscle withdrawal thresholds when compared with vehicle but had no effect on motor function. This analgesic effect was reversed by both naloxone and methysergide. NE-EOH decreased elevated substance P levels and reduced Fos-labeled neurons in the spinal cord and increased the number of Fos-labeled neurons in the periaqueductal gray (PAG), nucleus raphe magnus (NRM), and locus coeruleus (LC). NE-EOH was shown to produce a lasting anti-hyperalgesic effect. It uses opioid and serotonin receptors, activates brainstem inhibitory pathways, and reduces the release of excitatory neurotransmitters in the spinal cord and is a substance with potential to be used in the treatment of noninflammatory pain conditions. Graphical Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucindo J Quintans-Júnior
- Department of Physiology (DFS), Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF), Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), Av. Marechal Rondom, s/n, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil.
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa (UI), Iowa City, IA, USA.
| | - Renan G Brito
- Department of Physiology (DFS), Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF), Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), Av. Marechal Rondom, s/n, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa (UI), Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Jullyana S S Quintans
- Department of Physiology (DFS), Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF), Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), Av. Marechal Rondom, s/n, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - Priscila L Santos
- Department of Physiology (DFS), Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF), Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), Av. Marechal Rondom, s/n, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - Zaine T Camargo
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - Péricles A Barreto
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | | | - Waldecy Lucca-Júnior
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - Luciana Scotti
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, PB, Brazil
| | - Marcus T Scotti
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, PB, Brazil
| | - Sandra J Kolker
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa (UI), Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Kathleen A Sluka
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa (UI), Iowa City, IA, USA
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Morteza-Semnani K, Ahadi H, Hashemi Z. The genus Hymenocrater: a comprehensive review. Pharm Biol 2016; 54:3156-3163. [PMID: 27363483 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2016.1197285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2016] [Revised: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT The genus Hymenocrater Fisch. et Mey. (Lamiaceae) contains over 21 species in the world. Some species have been used in folk medicine around the world. The present review comprises the ethnopharmacological, phytochemical and therapeutic potential of various species of Hymenocrater. OBJECTIVE This review brings together most of the available scientific research regarding the genus Hymenocrater. Through this review, the authors hope to attract the attention of natural product researchers throughout the world to focus on the unexplored potential of Hymenocrater species. METHODS This review has been compiled using references from major databases such as Chemical Abstracts, Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Abstracts, ScienceDirect, SciFinder, Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed, Springer Link and books, without limiting the dates of publication. General web searches were also carried out using Google and Yahoo search engines by applying some related search terms (e.g., Hymenocrater spp., phytochemical, pharmacological, extract, essential oil and traditional uses). The articles related to agriculture, ecology, and synthetic works and those using languages other than English or Persian have been excluded. RESULTS The genus Hymenocrater contains essential oil. Flavonoids, phenolic acids and terpenoids are important constituents of this genus. The pharmacological studies confirmed that the species of the genus Hymenocrater showed antimicrobial, antiparasitic, antioxidant, anticancer and antidiabetic activities. CONCLUSION This review discusses the current knowledge of Hymenocrater species that review therapeutic potential, especially their effects on the cancer cells and gaps offering opportunities for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katayoun Morteza-Semnani
- a Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center , Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences , Sari , Iran
| | - Hamideh Ahadi
- a Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center , Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences , Sari , Iran
| | - Zahra Hashemi
- a Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center , Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences , Sari , Iran
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Zamani SS, Hossieni M, Etebari M, Salehian P, Ebrahimi SA. Pharmacokinetics of calycopterin and xanthmicrol, two polymethoxylated hydroxyflavones with anti-angiogenic activities from Dracocephalum kotschyi Bioss. Daru 2016; 24:22. [PMID: 27716340 PMCID: PMC5051066 DOI: 10.1186/s40199-016-0161-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently flavonoids have attracted the attention of researchers in the fight against cancer. Calycopterin and xanthomicrol, are two polymethoxylated flavonoids found in the aerial parts of Dracocephalum kotschyi Bioss.. We have recently shown that these compounds possess antiangiogenic activity and may be of value as potential anticancer agents. In order to demonstrate putative in vivo antitumor effect of these compounds we needed preliminary information on both pharmacokinetics and toxicological properties of these two agents. METHOD A new online SPE HPLC method for measurement of calycopterin and xanthomicrol in rat plasma was developed. Pharmacokinetic parameters of calycopterin and xanthomicrol, after i.v. administration in rats, were determined. RESULTS The plasma half-life for both agents was around 4 h, however, the volume of distribution of calycopterin appeared to be about 8 times greater than xanthomicrol. This was probably due the greater hydrophobicity of the former which had other consequences such as much smaller maximum plasma concentration of calycopterin compared to its less methoxylated congener. Preliminary toxicological study of xanthomicrol failed to show any behavioral, histological and biochemical adverse effects after repeated administrations of high doses. Pharmacokinetics of xanthomicrol in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh-Somayeh Zamani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohsen Hossieni
- Department of Pharmaology, School of Medicine, Tehran University for Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Etebari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Pirooz Salehian
- Sarem Fertility and Infertility Research Centre, Sarem Hospital, P.O. Box 1396956111, Shahrak-e-Ekbatan, Tehran, Iran
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Fan PC, Ma HP, Hao Y, He XR, Sun AJ, Jiang W, Li MX, Jing LL, He L, Ma J, Jia ZP. A new anti-fibrinolytic hemostatic compound 8-O-acetyl shanzhiside methylester extracted from Lamiophlomis rotata. J Ethnopharmacol 2016; 187:232-238. [PMID: 27085939 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Revised: 04/10/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fibrinolysis prevents blood clots from growing and becoming problematic. Antifibrinolytics are used as inhibitors of fibrinolysis. Aprotinin was doubted after identification of major side effects, especially on kidney. Lysine analogues has their own defects and whether they are adequate substitutes for aprotinin is still under doubt. Lamiophlomis rotata (Benth.) Kudo. was previous found to have hemostatic activity. But the active compound in L. rotata and its hemostatic mechanism were unknown. OBJECTIVES To find the major hemostatic compound in L. rotata and identify its haemostasis mechanism. METHODS Traumatic hemorrhage model and coagulant activity assays were monitored in mice and platelets in drug treatment group and control group. Hyperfibrinolysis model was established by intravenous administration of urokinase in mice. Capillary blood clotting time (CBCT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), thrombin time (TT), fibrinogen and euglobulin clot lysis time (ECLT) were measured. RESULTS The anti-fibrinolytic activity come from 8-O-Acetyl shanzhiside methylester (ASM) one of the highest iridoid glycosides contents in TIG extracted from L. rotata. ASM significantly (P<0.05) shorten CBCT and reduced blood loss volume in vivo, but did not influence mice APTT, PT or TT. In particular, it significantly prolonged ECLT in hyperfibrinolysis mice. It indicated that ASM could inhibit fibrinolysis. ASM was also effective in CBCT, traumatic bleeding volume and ECLT in hyperfibrinolysis mice model. CONCLUSIONS ASM was the major hemostatic compound in L. rotata. The haemostasis mechanism of ASM was achieved by anti-fibrinolytic activity. ASM was a new fibrinolysis inhibitor as iridoid glycoside compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Cheng Fan
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Lanzhou Command of PLA, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hui-Ping Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Lanzhou Command of PLA, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ying Hao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xi-Rui He
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ai-Jun Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Lanzhou Command of PLA, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Mao-Xing Li
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Lanzhou Command of PLA, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lin-Lin Jing
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Lanzhou Command of PLA, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lei He
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Lanzhou Command of PLA, Lanzhou, China.
| | - Zheng-Ping Jia
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Lanzhou Command of PLA, Lanzhou, China; Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
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Abstract
Herba Schizonepetae was firstly recorded in the Sheng nong ben caojing (Shennong's Materia Medica) with the title Jiasu. It could be sure that the original plant of Jiasu is Ocimumbasilicum L. ofLabiatae based on the record of Jiasu's name, morphology, edible property before the Song Dynasty. Beginning from the Ben cao tu jing (Illustrated Classic of Materia Medica) in the Song Dynasty, the source of this drug evolved as SchizonepetatenuisfoliaBriq. ofLabiatae, and it has been in use until now. Hence, the sources of Jiasu should be both O. basilicum L. and the co-existence of S. tenuisfolia Briq in the Qing Dynasty. It is claimed that the hometowns of those herb writers who considered the source ofOcimumbasilicum L. to be the producing areas of cultivation of the edible Ocimumbasilicum L. It was found that the source of Jiasu recorded in the Sheng nong ben cao jing should be O. basilicum L. , hence, it is suggested the title Jiasu should be recorded for the source of O. basilicum L, and the original plant of Herba Schizonepetae was Schizonepetatenuisfolia Briq. of Labiatae, and this medicine should be separately recorded. In fact, Jiasu and Herba Schizonepetae were two different kinds of medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- X W Song
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, West Anhui University, Lu'an, 237012
| | - G Y Li
- College of Pharmacy, West Anhui Health Vocational University, Lu'an, 237005
| | - D Q Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038, China
| | - B X Han
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, West Anhui University, Lu'an, 237012
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Wu L, Xu L, Li L, Wang JY, Ding N, Yu D, Tang YP. [Diverse Solvent Effect on Extraction of Chemical Components from Lamiophlomis rotate]. Zhong Yao Cai 2016; 39:571-574. [PMID: 30088888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the diverse solvent effect on extraction of chemical components from Lamiophlomis rotata. METHODS Based on LC-MS / MS technique, and chromatographic peak comparison, potential chemical components screening and partial least squares-discriminant analysis( PLS-DA) were used to establish a quantitation method for simultaneous determination of chlorogenic acid,forsythoside B,verbascoside,luteoloside,quercetin,luteolin and apigenin. RESULTS According to the results of PLS-DA and quantitative analysis, methanol, water-saturated n-butanol,75% methanol and 50% methanol showed wider extraction range and higher extraction efficiency to the chemical components of Lamiophlomis rotata. CONCLUSION This study offeres references to the extraction technology of Lamiophlomis rotata, and promotes the relative pharmacodynamics study of this medical material.
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Saedi Dezaki E, Mahmoudvand H, Sharififar F, Fallahi S, Monzote L, Ezatkhah F. Chemical composition along with anti-leishmanial and cytotoxic activity of Zataria multiflora. Pharm Biol 2016; 54:752-8. [PMID: 26449681 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2015.1079223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Natural products and their compounds are some of the most interesting sources of new drugs. Reviews have reported various pharmacological properties such as antimicrobial effects of Zataria multiflora Boiss (Lamiaceae). OBJECTIVE The present study investigates the chemical composition of Z. multiflora essential oil and evaluates its cytotoxic effects and anti-leishmanial activities against Leishmania tropica in an in vitro model. MATERIALS AND METHODS The components of Z. multiflora oil were identified by gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy (GC/MS) analysis. Anti-leishmanial effects of the essential oil (0-100 μL/mL) and methanol extract of Z. multiflora (0-100 μg/mL) on promastigote forms as well as their cytotoxic activities against J774 cells were evaluated using MTT assay for 72 h. The leishmanicidal activity against amastigote forms of L. tropica was evaluated at the concentrations of 0-50 μg/mL in a macrophage model for 48 h. RESULTS The chemical analyses demonstrated that the main components of essential oil were thymol (41.81%), carvacrol (28.85%), and p-cymene (8.36%). Regarding leishmanicidal activity, the IC50 values for the essential oil and methanol extract were 3.2 μL/mL and 9.8 μg/mL against promastigote forms and 8.3 μL/mL and 34.6 μg/mL against amastigote forms, respectively. Essential oil (CC50 89.3 μL/mL) indicated a higher cytotoxic effect than the methanol extract (CC50 591.6 μg/mL) of Z. multiflora. CONCLUSION The present study revealed the chemical composition of Z. multiflora that might be a natural source of new anti-leishmanial agents in terms of use against cutaneous leishmaniasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebrahim Saedi Dezaki
- a Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences , Kerman , Iran
| | - Hossein Mahmoudvand
- b Herbal and Traditional Medicines Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences , Kerman , Iran
| | - Fariba Sharififar
- c Department of Pharmacognosy , Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences , Kerman , Iran
| | - Shirzad Fallahi
- d Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology , Lorestan University of Medical Sciences Khorramabad , Iran , and
| | - Lianet Monzote
- e Department of Parasitology , Institute of Tropical Medicine "Pedro Kouri" , Havana City , Cuba
| | - Fatemeh Ezatkhah
- a Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences , Kerman , Iran
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Abstract
CONTEXT Solenostemon monostachyus P. Beauv (Lamiaceae) is an important herb used traditionally in the treatment of malaria, fever, and other diseases. OBJECTIVES Antiplasmodial and antipyretic activities of S. monostachyus aerial extract were evaluated to ascertain the folkloric claim of its antimalarial and antipyretic activities. MATERIALS AND METHODS The extract (75-225 mg/kg) and fractions (chloroform and aqueous; 150 mg/kg) of S. monostachyus were investigated for suppressive, prophylactic, and curative antiplasmodial activities against chloroquine-sensitive Plasmodium berghei infections in Swiss albino mice and for antipyretic activity against 2,4-dinitrophenol and yeast-induced pyrexia. Artesunate (5 mg/kg) and pyrimethamine (1.2 mg/kg) were used as positive controls for antiplasmodial models. Thin films made from tail blood of each mouse were used to assess the level of parasitaemia of the mice. RESULTS The extract/fractions progressively reduced parasitaemia induced by chloroquine sensitive P. berghei infection in prophylactic (28.48-71.72%), suppressive (12.52-72.47%), and curative (22.4-82.34%) models in mice. These reductions were statistically significant (p < 0.01-0.001). They also improved significantly (p < 0.01-0.001) the mean survival time (MST) from 12.26 to 25.63 d relative to control (11.36 d). The activities of extract/fractions were incomparable with that of the standard drugs used (artesunate and pyrimethamine). The extract exerted prominent inhibition of pyrexia on dinitrophenol (87.33-90.11%, 5 h) and yeast (56.22-65.33, 5 h) induced pyrexia. Inhibition was significant (p < 0.05-0.001) from 3 to 5 h post-administration of extract and in a dose-dependent fashion. CONCLUSION The plant may possess antiplasmodial and antipyretic effects which may in part be mediated through the chemical constituents of the plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jude Okokon
- a Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Uyo , Uyo , Nigeria
| | - Koofreh A Davis
- b Department of Physiology , Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Uyo , Uyo , Nigeria , and
| | - Bala A Azare
- c Department of Biological Sciences , University of Abuja , Abuja , Nigeria
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