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Mohamed SK, Ahmed AAE, El Morsy EM, Nofal S. The protective effect of zeranol in cerebral ischemia reperfusion via p-CREB overexpression. Life Sci 2019; 217:212-221. [PMID: 30550883 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2018] [Revised: 12/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Cerebral ischemia reperfusion (I/R) is a neurovascular disease leading to cerebral damage. It was found that postmenopausal women are liable to more dangerous effects than men at same age in stroke. The objective of this study is to investigate the neuroprotective effect of zeranol against cerebral ischemia reperfusion in ovariectomized rats. MAIN METHODS 36 female wistar rats divided in to 3 groups: sham group, I/R group (where I/R was induced 7 weeks after ovariectomy), zeranol group (0.5 mg/kg every 3 days for 5 weeks before I/R). Cerebral ischemia reperfusion (I/R) was performed by bilateral common carotid artery occlusion then de-ligated to restore blood flow. After 24 h of reperfusion, rats performed cylinder test to evaluate behavioral dysfunction followed by decapitation. Brain tissues were collected for biochemical measures such as oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde, antioxidant markers reduced glutathione, inflammatory markers (interleukin-1 beta, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and inducible nitric oxide synthase), matrix metalloproteinase-9, adenosine triphosphate, brain derived neurotrophic factor, glucose transporter-3, phosphorylated c-AMP response element binding protein and finally nissl staining for histopathological examination. KEY FINDINGS The zeranol administered group showed a reversal of neuronal damage caused by ischemia evidenced by the decrease in MDA, IL-1β, TNF-α, and MMP-9 levels, increase GSH, and ATP levels, decrease expression of iNOS in both regions cortex and hippocampus, increase protein level of p-CREB, GLUT-3 and BDNF, increase number of intact neuron cells in both regions and attenuated histological changes in both cortex and hippocampus regions. SIGNIFICANCE Zeranol has neuroprotective potential against cerebral ischemia reperfusion in ovariectomized rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimaa K Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ein Helwan, Cairo 11795, Egypt
| | - Amany A E Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ein Helwan, Cairo 11795, Egypt
| | - Engy M El Morsy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ein Helwan, Cairo 11795, Egypt
| | - Shahira Nofal
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ein Helwan, Cairo 11795, Egypt.
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Zorina II, Fokina EA, Zakharova IO, Bayunova LV, Shpakov AO. [Features of the changes in lipid peroxidation and activity of Na+/K+-ATPase in the brain of the aged rats in the conditions of two-vessel cerebral ischemia/reperfusion.]. Adv Gerontol 2019; 32:941-947. [PMID: 32160433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The success of preclinical neuroprotection studies depends on the model used in animal research. The methodological approaches developed on young animals and widely used for modeling cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury may not be so effective or not suitable for its modeling on senescent animals, which usage is recommended for preclinical trials. The aim of this study was to investigate the age-related features on the effect of brain reperfusion with different duration (1 and 3 h) after 2-vessel forebrain ischemia on the level of lipid peroxidation (LPO) products and on the activity of Na+/K+-ATPase in the cerebral cortex of rats aged 22-24 months. We found a later accumulation of LPO products (3 h instead of 1 h after blood recirculation), specifically triene conjugates and Schiff bases, and a decrease in the activity of Na+/K+-ATPase in the cerebral cortex of aged rats compared to young animals. The data obtained reveal the difference in the molecular and physiological mechanisms of the development of disorders in the brain during ischemia/reperfusion in aged and young animals. The revealed differences in these mechanisms should be consider in developing and testing compounds, which will be further used for the treatment of elderly patients with stroke and ischemic brain damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- I I Zorina
- I.M.Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry RAS, 44 pr. Toreza, St. Petersburg 194223, Russian Federation, e-mail:
| | - E A Fokina
- I.M.Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry RAS, 44 pr. Toreza, St. Petersburg 194223, Russian Federation, e-mail:
| | - I O Zakharova
- I.M.Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry RAS, 44 pr. Toreza, St. Petersburg 194223, Russian Federation, e-mail:
| | - L V Bayunova
- I.M.Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry RAS, 44 pr. Toreza, St. Petersburg 194223, Russian Federation, e-mail:
| | - A O Shpakov
- I.M.Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry RAS, 44 pr. Toreza, St. Petersburg 194223, Russian Federation, e-mail:
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Kim T, Mehta SL, Morris-Blanco KC, Chokkalla AK, Chelluboina B, Lopez M, Sullivan R, Kim HT, Cook TD, Kim JY, Kim H, Kim C, Vemuganti R. The microRNA miR-7a-5p ameliorates ischemic brain damage by repressing α-synuclein. Sci Signal 2018; 11:eaat4285. [PMID: 30538177 PMCID: PMC7005928 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aat4285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke, which is caused by a clot that blocks blood flow to the brain, can be severely disabling and sometimes fatal. We previously showed that transient focal ischemia in a rat model induces extensive temporal changes in the expression of cerebral microRNAs, with a sustained decrease in the abundance of miR-7a-5p (miR-7). Here, we evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of a miR-7 mimic oligonucleotide after cerebral ischemia in rodents according to the Stroke Treatment Academic Industry Roundtable (STAIR) criteria. Rodents were injected locally or systemically with miR-7 mimic before or after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion. Decreased miR-7 expression was observed in both young and aged rats of both sexes after cerebral ischemia. Pre- or postischemic treatment with miR-7 mimic decreased the lesion volume in both sexes and ages studied. Furthermore, systemic injection of miR-7 mimic into mice at 30 min (but not 2 hours) after cerebral ischemia substantially decreased the lesion volume and improved motor and cognitive functional recovery with minimal peripheral toxicity. The miR-7 mimic treatment substantially reduced the postischemic induction of α-synuclein (α-Syn), a protein that induces mitochondrial fragmentation, oxidative stress, and autophagy that promote neuronal cell death. Deletion of the gene encoding α-Syn abolished miR-7 mimic-dependent neuroprotection and functional recovery in young male mice. Further analysis confirmed that the transcript encoding α-Syn was bound and repressed by miR-7. Our findings suggest that miR-7 mimics may therapeutically minimize stroke-induced brain damage and disability.
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Affiliation(s)
- TaeHee Kim
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | - Suresh L Mehta
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | | | - Anil K Chokkalla
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53792, USA
- Cellular and Molecular Pathology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | - Bharath Chelluboina
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | - Mary Lopez
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53792, USA
- Cellular and Molecular Pathology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | - Ruth Sullivan
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Hung Tae Kim
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Thomas D Cook
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53726, USA
| | - Joo Yong Kim
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | - HwuiWon Kim
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | - Chanul Kim
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53792, USA
| | - Raghu Vemuganti
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53792, USA.
- Cellular and Molecular Pathology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53792, USA
- Williams S. Middleton Veterans Administration Hospital Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
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Toropova YG, Pechnikova NA, Zelinskaya IA, Zhuravsky SG, Kornyushin OV, Gonchar AI, Ivkin DY, Leonova YV, Karev VE, Karabak IA. Nicotinamide riboside has protective effects in a rat model of mesenteric ischaemia-reperfusion. Int J Exp Pathol 2018; 99:304-311. [PMID: 30793416 PMCID: PMC6384503 DOI: 10.1111/iep.12302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute mesenteric ischaemia is a syndrome caused by inadequate blood flow through the mesenteric vessels, resulting in ischaemia and eventual gangrene of the bowel wall. Although relatively rare, it is a potentially life-threatening condition. The maintenance of haemodynamic stability, along with adequate oxygen saturation, and the correction of any electrolyte imbalance, are of the utmost importance. However, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) biosynthesis modulation by precursor introduction can also be a powerful tool for preventing injury. Nicotinamide riboside is a pyridine-nucleoside form of vitamin B3 that functions as a precursor to NAD+ . The present study investigated nicotinamide riboside's effect on endothelium functional state, microcirculation and intestinal morphology in acute mesenteric ischaemia and reperfusion. Mesenteric ischaemia was simulated after the adaptation period (15 minutes) by occluding the superior mesenteric artery for 60 minutes, followed by a reperfusion period of 30 minutes. The functional state of intestinal microcirculation was evaluated by laser Doppler flowmetry. Endothelial functional activity was studied by using wire myography. Intestinal samples were stained with haematoxylin and eosin for histological analysis. The results revealed that nicotinamide riboside protects the intestinal wall from ischaemia-reperfusion injury, as well as improving the relaxation function of mesenteric vessels. Nicotinamide riboside's protective effect in small intestine ischaemia-reperfusion can be used to reduce ischaemia-reperfusion injury, as well as to preserve intestinal grafts until transplant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yana G. Toropova
- V.A. Almazov National North‐West Medical Research CenterMinistry of Health of the Russian FederationSaint‐PetersburgRussia
| | - Nadezdha A. Pechnikova
- V.A. Almazov National North‐West Medical Research CenterMinistry of Health of the Russian FederationSaint‐PetersburgRussia
- Saint‐Petersburg State Chemical Pharmaceutical UniversitySaint‐PetersburgRussia
- Zoological InstituteRussian Academy of SciencesUniversitetskaya Embankment 1Saint Petersburg199034Russia
| | - Irina A. Zelinskaya
- V.A. Almazov National North‐West Medical Research CenterMinistry of Health of the Russian FederationSaint‐PetersburgRussia
- Saint‐Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and OpticsSaint‐PetersburgRussia
| | - Sergey G. Zhuravsky
- V.A. Almazov National North‐West Medical Research CenterMinistry of Health of the Russian FederationSaint‐PetersburgRussia
- Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical UniversityMinistry of Health of the Russian FederationSaint‐PetersburgRussia
- Research Institute of Influenza Ministry of Health of the Russian FederationSaint‐PetersburgRussia
| | - Oleg V. Kornyushin
- V.A. Almazov National North‐West Medical Research CenterMinistry of Health of the Russian FederationSaint‐PetersburgRussia
| | - Alina I. Gonchar
- V.A. Almazov National North‐West Medical Research CenterMinistry of Health of the Russian FederationSaint‐PetersburgRussia
| | - Dmitry Y. Ivkin
- Saint‐Petersburg State Chemical Pharmaceutical UniversitySaint‐PetersburgRussia
| | - Yulia V. Leonova
- V.A. Almazov National North‐West Medical Research CenterMinistry of Health of the Russian FederationSaint‐PetersburgRussia
- Research Institute of Influenza Ministry of Health of the Russian FederationSaint‐PetersburgRussia
| | - Vadim E. Karev
- Children's Scientific and Clinical Center of Infectious Diseases Federal Medical and Biological AgencySaint‐PetersburgRussia
| | - Irina A. Karabak
- Children's Scientific and Clinical Center of Infectious Diseases Federal Medical and Biological AgencySaint‐PetersburgRussia
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Pfaff MJ, Mukhopadhyay S, Hoofnagle M, Chabasse C, Sarkar R. Tumor suppressor protein p53 negatively regulates ischemia-induced angiogenesis and arteriogenesis. J Vasc Surg 2018; 68:222S-233S.e1. [PMID: 30126780 PMCID: PMC10981785 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2018.02.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The tumor suppressor protein p53 regulates angiogenesis and is a key regulatory mediator of cellular apoptosis, proliferation, and growth. p53 expression is induced in response to ischemia; however, its role in regulating ischemia-induced angiogenesis and arteriogenesis remains undefined. The objective of this study was to define the role of p53 in regulating ischemia-induced angiogenesis and arteriogenesis and to identify mechanisms by which this regulation occurs in vivo. METHODS Surgically induced hindlimb ischemia or mesenteric artery ligation was performed in wild-type (p53+/+) and p53 knockout (p53-/-) mice. Limb perfusion and revascularization were assessed by laser Doppler perfusion imaging, capillary density, and collateral artery development. Mesenteric collateral artery flow and development were determined by arterial flow measurement and by histologic analysis, respectively. An in vitro aortic ring assay was performed on p53+/+ and p53-/- aortic tissue to evaluate endothelial function. The p53 inhibitor and activator pifithrin-α and quinacrine, respectively, were used to modulate p53 activity in vivo after ischemia. RESULTS Absence of p53 in mice resulted in increased limb perfusion (P < .05), capillary density (P < .05), and collateral artery development (P < .05) after induction of hindlimb ischemia. In the nonischemic mesenteric artery ligation model of arteriogenesis, p53 expression was induced in collateral arteries and increased arterial blood flow in mice lacking p53 (P < .05). Lack of p53 decreased apoptosis in ischemic hindlimb tissue (P < .05) and increased proangiogenic factors hypoxia-inducible factor 1α and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Endothelial cell outgrowth in vitro increased in the absence of p53 (P < .05). Pharmacologic augmentation of p53 expression after ischemia impaired perfusion and collateral artery formation and decreased VEGF levels (P < .05). Conversely, inhibition of p53 with pifithrin-α augmented limb perfusion (P < .05) and collateral artery formation (P < .05) and increased protein levels of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α and VEGF. Pharmacologic augmentation and inhibition of p53 had no significant effect in mice lacking p53. CONCLUSIONS p53 negatively regulates ischemia-induced angiogenesis and arteriogenesis. Inhibition of p53 increases ischemia-induced arteriogenesis and limb perfusion and thus represents a potential therapeutic strategy for arterial occlusive disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miles J Pfaff
- Department of Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Calif.
| | - Subhradip Mukhopadhyay
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases and the Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md
| | - Mark Hoofnagle
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases and the Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md
| | - Christine Chabasse
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases and the Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md
| | - Rajabrata Sarkar
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases and the Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md
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Xu N, Meng H, Liu T, Feng Y, Qi Y, Wang H. TRPC1 Deficiency Exacerbates Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Neurological Injury by Potentiating Nox4-Derived Reactive Oxygen Species Generation. Cell Physiol Biochem 2018; 51:1723-1738. [PMID: 30504729 DOI: 10.1159/000495676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Transient receptor potential cation channel 1 (TRPC1)-mediated the calcium (Ca2+) influx plays an important role in several brain disorders. However, the function of TRPC1 in ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced neurological injury is unclear. METHODS Wild-type or TRPC1 knockout mice underwent middle cerebral artery occlusion for 90 min followed by 24 h of reperfusion. In an in vitro study, neuronal cells were treated with oxygen-glucose deprivation and reoxygenation (OGD/R) to mimic I/R. The intracellular Ca2+ concentration [Ca2+]i was measured by Fura 2-AM under a microscope. Cerebral infarct volume was measured by triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining. Neurological function was examined by neurological severity score, Morris water maze test, rotarod test and string test. Oxidative parameters were detected by malondialdehyde, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase commercially available kits. The protein expression levels of TRPC1, Nox4, p22phox, p47phox, and p67phox were analyzed by western blotting. RESULTS Brain tissues from cerebral I/R mice showed decreased TRPC1 expression. Similarly, TRPC1 expression was reduced in HT22 cells upon exposure to OGD/R treatment, followed by decreased Ca2+ influx. However, TRPC1 overexpression reversed the OGD/R-induced decrease in [Ca2+]i. TRPC1 knockout significantly exacerbated I/R-induced brain infarction, edema, neurological severity score, memory impairment, neurological deficits, and oxidative stress. In contrast, TRPC1 upregulation inhibited the increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation induced by OGD/R. Analysis of key subunits of the Nox family and mitochondrial ROS revealed that the effects of TRPC1 downregulation on oxidative stress were associated with activation of Nox4-containing NADPH oxidase. TRPC1 interacted with Nox4 and facilitated Nox4 protein degradation under OGD/R conditions. In addition, TRPC1 inhibition potentiated the OGD/R-induced translocation of p47phox and p67phox as well as the interaction between Nox4 and p47phox or p67phox, whereas TRPC1 overexpression had the opposite effects. CONCLUSION TRPC1 deficiency potentiates ROS generation via Nox4-containing NADPH oxidase, which exacerbates cerebral I/R injury. TRPC1 may be a promising molecular target for the treatment of stroke.
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Matsuura R, Miyagawa S, Fukushima S, Goto T, Harada A, Shimozaki Y, Yamaki K, Sanami S, Kikuta J, Ishii M, Sawa Y. Intravital imaging with two-photon microscopy reveals cellular dynamics in the ischeamia-reperfused rat heart. Sci Rep 2018; 8:15991. [PMID: 30375442 PMCID: PMC6207786 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-34295-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in intravital microscopy have provided insight into dynamic biological events at the cellular level in both healthy and pathological tissue. However, real-time in vivo cellular imaging of the beating heart has not been fully established, mainly due to the difficulty of obtaining clear images through cycles of cardiac and respiratory motion. Here we report the successful recording of clear in vivo moving images of the beating rat heart by two-photon microscopy facilitated by cardiothoracic surgery and a novel cardiac stabiliser. Subcellular dynamics of the major cardiac components including the myocardium and its subcellular structures (i.e., nuclei and myofibrils) and mitochondrial distribution in cardiac myocytes were visualised for 4-5 h in green fluorescent protein-expressing transgenic Lewis rats at 15 frames/s. We also observed ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury-induced suppression of the contraction/relaxation cycle and the consequent increase in cell permeability and leukocyte accumulation in cardiac tissue. I/R injury was induced in other transgenic mouse lines to further clarify the biological events in cardiac tissue. This imaging system can serve as an alternative modality for real time monitoring in animal models and cardiological drug screening, and can contribute to the development of more effective treatments for cardiac diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryohei Matsuura
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Shigeru Miyagawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Satsuki Fukushima
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takasumi Goto
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akima Harada
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuri Shimozaki
- Research and Development Division for Advanced Technology, Research and Development Center, Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Yamaki
- Research and Development Division for Advanced Technology, Research and Development Center, Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sho Sanami
- Research and Development Division for Advanced Technology, Research and Development Center, Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junichi Kikuta
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masaru Ishii
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Sawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
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Viswanatha GL, Venkataranganna MV, Prasad NBL, Hanumanthappa S. Chemical characterization and cerebroprotective effect of methanolic root extract of Colebrookea oppositifolia in rats. J Ethnopharmacol 2018; 223:63-75. [PMID: 29777902 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Colebrookea oppositifolia Smith is one of the extensively used plants to treat neurological conditions such as epilepsy by the various ethnic communities in sub-Himalayan regions of India such as Bhoxa, Tharu and nomadic Gujjars. AIM OF THE STUDY This study was conducted to evaluate the cerebroprotective effect of C. oppositifolia methanolic root (MeCO) extract in Wistar rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS The MeCO was characterized for total phenolic content and later subjected for detailed liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. Further, it was evaluated for in vitro antioxidant activity using 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, ferric reducing antioxidant power and oxygen radical absorbance capacity assays. In addition, the MeCO was investigated on generation of ROS, nitrite, and TNF-α in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cell lines. Finally, the cerebroprotective effect of MeCO was examined against global ischemia and reperfusion (I/R)-induced brain injury in Wistar rats. Male Wistar rats were allocated in to five groups (G-I to G-V, n = 10). G-I and G-II served as sham control and I/R control, respectively, and received only vehicle (0.5% w/v carboxy methyl cellulose, 10 ml/kg, p.o.). G-III served as reference standard and received quercetin (20 mg/kg, p.o.). G-IV and G-V animals received 200 and 400 mg/kg oral doses of MeCO, respectively. All the treatments were given for a period of seven days and the parameters such as neurobehavioral (neurological, and cognitive), and motor functions, biochemical (enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, ICAM-I), morphological (cerebral edema and infarct area) and histopathological evaluations were performed. RESULTS The MeCO showed a total phenolic content of 137.28 mg gallic acid equivalents/g, and LC-MS/MS analysis of MeCO showed presence of acteoside, gossypin, quercetin and ferulic acid as major ingredients (6680.3, 1.55, 3.52 and 431.1 ng/mg). In in vitro antioxidant assays, the MeCO exhibited potent activity with IC50 of 49.10 µg/ml in DPPH assay; FRAP and ORAC values of 1180.5 and 2983.5 respectively. Furthermore, the MeCO significantly inhibited generation of ROS, nitrite and TNF-α in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cell lines. Sixty min of global ischemia with 24 h reperfusion produced substantial alterations in neurobehavioral functions in the I/R control group compared to sham control. In addition, a significant reduction in catalase and superoxide dismutase activities was observed. Moreover, lipid peroxidation increased and reduced glutathione levels decreased significantly. Furthermore, the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, and ICAM-I) increased significantly and those of anti-inflammatory (IL-10) decreased. I/R insult increased the brain volume and aggravated cerebral infarct formation. Histopathological examination of the rat brain revealed vascular congestion, cerebral edema, leukocyte infiltration, and brain tissue necrosis. Interestingly, seven days pretreatment with MeCO (200 and 400 mg/kg) alleviated all the I/R-induced perturbances (neurobehavioral, and motor functions, biochemical, morphological and histopathological) compared with the I/R control. CONCLUSIONS The MeCO exhibit potent cerebroprotective activity through its potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms, and hence may be useful in the management of ischemic stroke and associated complications.
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Gong P, Zhang Z, Zou C, Tian Q, Chen X, Hong M, Liu X, Chen Q, Xu Z, Li M, Wang J. Hippo/YAP signaling pathway mitigates blood-brain barrier disruption after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Behav Brain Res 2018; 356:8-17. [PMID: 30092249 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2018.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injuries commonly lead to breakdown of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Restoration of the BBB can relieve neurologic damage caused by I/R injuries. The Hippo/YAP signaling pathway mediates cell proliferation, regulated cell death, and differentiation in various organisms and has been shown to participate in the restoration of the heart after I/R. In this study, we investigated whether the Hippo/YAP pathway plays a role in I/R injury in brain, especially in regard to I/R-induced BBB breakdown. The results of our study indicate that I/R injury led to an overall decrease in activity of the core proteins, YAP and TAZ, over a 24-h period. The most dramatic change was observed 1.5 h after reperfusion. In rats that underwent 1.5 h of reperfusion, intraperitoneal injection of YAP agonist dexamethasone activated YAP and TAZ and led to improved neurologic function, smaller brain infarct sizes, increased levels of tight junction proteins, decreased BBB permeability, decreased cerebral edema, and less apoptosis. Our results suggest that YAP exerts neuroprotective effects on the damaged brain that are likely related to restoration of the BBB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pian Gong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, PR China
| | - Zhan Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, PR China
| | - Changlin Zou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, PR China
| | - Qi Tian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, PR China
| | - Xuemei Chen
- Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan, PR China
| | - Michael Hong
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Xi Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Qianxue Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, PR China
| | - Zhou Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, PR China
| | - Mingchang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, PR China.
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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Zhang SE, Wen SH, Su YX, Zheng GS, Wang DK, Liang YJ, Liao GQ. Synergistic effects of ischemic preconditioning and immediate post-conditioning in the protection against ischemia/reperfusion injury in rabbit submandibular glands. Eur J Oral Sci 2018; 126:282-291. [PMID: 30006965 DOI: 10.1111/eos.12540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Submandibular gland autotransplantation is an effective approach for treating severe keratoconjunctivitis sicca. However, ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, which inevitably occurs during transplantation, is involved in the hypofunction and structural damage that occur early after transplantation. Therefore, it is critical to identify effective strategies to ameliorate I/R injury in submandibular glands. In this study, we investigated the ability of immediate post-conditioning combined with ischemic preconditioning to attenuate I/R injury. We observed that after I/R injury, the level of reactive oxygen species was increased, inflammatory response was strengthened, and severe apoptosis had occurred. In addition, the salivary flow rate was greatly decreased. However, the pathogenesis of I/R injury was significantly ameliorated by ischemia post-conditioning or ischemia preconditioning treatments. In addition, the combination of ischemia preconditioning and post-conditioning achieved synergistic protective effects against I/R injury compared with ischemia preconditioning or ischemia post-conditioning alone. The secretion function was restored in the combination group. Furthermore, the combination treatment involved the same mechanisms of ischemia preconditioning or ischemia post-conditioning, including suppression of the inflammatory reaction and neutrophil accumulation, attenuation of oxidation stress, and inhibition of apoptosis. In conclusion, the combination of ischemia preconditioning and ischemia post-conditioning treatment is a simple and effective approach for treating I/R injury in submandibular glands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-En Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shi-Hong Wen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Xiong Su
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Discipline of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Guang-Sen Zheng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Di-Kan Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Jie Liang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gui-Qing Liao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Abbas SS, Mahmoud HM, Schaalan MF, El-Abhar HS. Involvement of brain natriuretic peptide signaling pathway in the cardioprotective action of sitagliptin. Pharmacol Rep 2018; 70:720-729. [PMID: 29935398 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2018.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current study is focusing on the role of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), a substrate of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) enzyme, and its signaling survival pathway in the cardioprotective mechanism of sitagliptin, a DPP-4 inhibitor. METHODS Male Wistar rats were randomized into 7 groups, sham, I/R, KT-5823 (selective protein kinase (PK) G inhibitor), 5-HD (selective mito-KATP channel blocker), sitagliptin (300mg/kg, po), sitagliptin+KT-5823, and sitagliptin+5-HD. Sitagliptin was administered for 3 days prior to induction of coronary I/R, while either KT-5823 or 5-HD was administered intravenously 5min before coronary ligation. RESULTS Pretreatment with sitagliptin provided significant protection against I/R injury as manifested by decreasing, percentage of infarct size, suppressing the elevated ST segment, reducing the increased cardiac enzymes, as well as DPP-4 activity and elevating both heart rate (HR) and left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP). However, the addition of either blocker to sitagliptin regimen reversed partly its cardioprotective effects. Although I/R increased BNP content, it unexpectedly decreased that of cGMP; nevertheless, sitagliptin elevated both parameters, an effect that was not affected by the use of the two blockers. On the molecular level, sitagliptin decreased caspase-3 activity and downregulated the mRNA levels of BNP, Bax, and Cyp D, while upregulated that of Bcl2. The use of either KT-5823 or 5-HD with sitagliptin hindered its effect on the molecular markers tested. CONCLUSIONS The results of the present study suggest that the cardioprotective effect of sitagliptin is mediated partly, but not solely, through the BNP/cGMP/PKG survival signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samah S Abbas
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Hesham M Mahmoud
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mona F Schaalan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hanan S El-Abhar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI), commonly caused by ischemia-reperfusion injury, has far-reaching health consequences. Despite the significant regenerative capacity of proximal tubular epithelium cells (PTCs), repair frequently fails, leading to the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD). In the last decade, it has been repeatedly demonstrated that dysregulation of the cell cycle can cause injured kidneys to progress to CKD. More precisely, severe AKI causes PTCs to arrest in the G1/S or G2/M phase of the cell cycle, leading to maladaptive repair and a fibrotic outcome. The mechanisms causing these arrests are far from known. The arrest might, at least partially, be attributed to DNA damage since activation of the DNA-damage response pathway leads to cell cycle arrest. Alternatively, cytokine signalling via nuclear factor kappa beta (NF-κβ) and p38-mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38-MAPK) pathways, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) can play a role independent of DNA damage. In addition, only a handful of cell cycle regulators (e.g., p53, p21) have been thoroughly studied during renal repair. Still, why and how PTCs decide to arrest their cell cycle and how this arrest can efficiently be overcome remain open and challenging questions. In this review we will discuss the evidence for cell cycle involvement during AKI and development of CKD together with putative therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lies Moonen
- Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2000 Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Patrick C D'Haese
- Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2000 Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Benjamin A Vervaet
- Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2000 Antwerp, Belgium.
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Bobinac M, Ćelić T, Vukelić I, Španjol J, Rubinić N, Bobinac D. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 and choline acetyltransferase co-expression in rat spinal cord neurons after ischemia-reperfusion injury. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2018; 32:803-813. [PMID: 30043562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) results in overproduction of reactive oxygen species leading to tissue oxidative stress which impacts the neuronal network in the spinal cord as well as glial cells. We investigated the expression of Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in neurons and glial cells after occlusion of the abdominal aorta followed by IRI as well as the time-dependent expression of Nrf2 in the same cells. The experimental method of transient aortic occlusion was carried out on rats by cross-clamping of the abdominal aorta for 45 minutes. The animals used for this study were sacrificed 1 h, 6 h, and 48 h after reperfusion to determine time-related changes of Nrf2 expression, as well as changes of astrocyte activity in the spinal cord. Immunofluorescence results showed an increase in the staining intensity of Nrf2 expression in the neurons following ischemia with highest intensity 48 h post-reperfusion and an increase in a number of reactive astrocytes. Western blot analysis showed that Nrf2 protein expression increased in a cytoplasmic and nuclear fraction as early as 1 h after reperfusion and remained active 48 h after, resulting in increased expression of the main Nrf2 target gene HO-1. In conclusion, substances that enhance expression of Nrf2 may have the potential to prevent cellular damage to the spinal cord caused by IRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bobinac
- Department of Anesthesiology, Reanimatology and Intensive Care, Rijeka Clinical Hospital, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - T Ćelić
- Department of Anatomy, Medical Faculty University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - I Vukelić
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - J Španjol
- Department of Urology, Rijeka Clinical Hospital, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - N Rubinić
- Department of Urology, Rijeka Clinical Hospital, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - D Bobinac
- Department of Anatomy, Medical Faculty University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
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Gholami M, Abbaszadeh A, Baharvand P, Hasanvand A, Hasanvand A, Gharravi AM. Protective effects of persian honey, Apis Mellifera Meda Skorikov on side effects of chemotherapy and ischemia/reperfusion induced testicular injury. J Complement Integr Med 2018; 15:jcim-2016-0035. [PMID: 29791311 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2016-0035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Introduction The aim of the present study was to survey the protective effect of pretreatment with Persian honey on amelioration of side effects of chemotherapy and ischemia/reperfusion induced testicular injury. Materials and methods Forty adult's male wistar rats were divided into four groups of ischemia-reperfusion (IR), honey + ischemia-reperfusion (HIR), Busulfan (B) and Busulfan intraperitoneally+ honey (BH). The seminiferous tubules were rated for their modified spermatogenesis index (SI) by Johnsons score. Detection of single- and double-stranded DNA breaks at the early stages of apoptosis was performed using the in-situ cell death detection kit. Total serum concentration of Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) , Luteinizing hormone (LH) and testosterone was measured using ELISA. All data were expressed as mean ± SD and significance was set at p≤0.05. Results Honey improved SI in the HIR and BH groups and serum levels of FSH and LH in the BH and HIR groups (p<0.001). Also, serum levels of testosterone were significantly higher in BH and HIR groups. But, apoptotic cells in IR and B groups significantly increased (p<0.001), while in HIR and BH groups, the number of apoptotic cells decreased and the positive cells of TUNEL (TdT-mediated dUTP-X nick end labelling) staining were detected in spermatocytes and spermatid. Discussion Pretreatment with honey protect testis against chemotherapy and testicular IR injury, increase FSH and LH and testosterone and decrease the cellular damage and apoptosis. Honey can decrease the side effects of chemotherapy on reproductive system and prevent sterility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadreza Gholami
- Department of Anatomical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Abbaszadeh
- Department of Surgery, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Parastoo Baharvand
- Department of Social Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Afshin Hasanvand
- Student Research Committee, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Amin Hasanvand
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
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Kurabayashi A, Tanaka C, Matsumoto W, Naganuma S, Furihata M, Inoue K, Kakinuma Y. Murine remote preconditioning increases glucose uptake and suppresses gluconeogenesis in hepatocytes via a brain-liver neurocircuit, leading to counteracting glucose intolerance. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2018. [PMID: 29526685 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2018.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Our previous study revealed that cyclic hindlimb ischaemia-reperfusion (IR) activates cardiac acetylcholine (ACh) synthesis through the cholinergic nervous system and cell-derived ACh accelerates glucose uptake. However, the mechanisms regulating glucose metabolism in vivo remain unknown. We investigated the effects and mechanisms of IR in mice under pathophysiological conditions. METHODS Using IR-subjected male C57BL/6J mice, the effects of IR on blood sugar (BS), glucose uptake, central parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) activity, hepatic gluconeogenic enzyme expression and those of ACh on hepatocellular glucose uptake were assessed. RESULTS IR decreased BS levels by 20% and increased c-fos immunoreactivity in the center of the PNS (the solitary tract and the dorsal motor vagal nucleus). IR specifically downregulated hepatic gluconeogenic enzyme expression and activities (glucose-6-phosphatase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase) and accelerated hepatic glucose uptake. Transection of a hepatic vagus nerve branch decreased this uptake and reversed BS decrease. Suppressed gluconeogenic enzyme expression was reversed by intra-cerebroventricular administration of a choline acetyltransferase inhibitor. Moreover, IR significantly attenuated hyperglycaemia in murine model of type I and II diabetes mellitus. CONCLUSIONS IR provides another insight into a therapeutic modality for diabetes mellitus due to regulating gluconeogenesis and glucose-uptake and advocates an adjunctive mode rectifying disturbed glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chiharu Tanaka
- Department of Pathology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi 783-8505, Japan
| | - Waka Matsumoto
- Department of Pathology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi 783-8505, Japan
| | - Seiji Naganuma
- Department of Pathology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi 783-8505, Japan
| | - Mutsuo Furihata
- Department of Pathology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi 783-8505, Japan
| | - Keiji Inoue
- Department of Urology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi 783-8505, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Kakinuma
- Department of Physiology, Nippon Medical School Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8602, Japan.
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Li SM, Wang XY, Liu F, Yang XH. [ACE2 agonist DIZE alleviates lung injury induced by limb ischemia-reperfusion in mice]. Sheng Li Xue Bao 2018; 70:175-183. [PMID: 29691582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study was aimed to explore the effect of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) agonist diminazene aceturate (DIZE) on acute lung injury (ALI) induced by limb ischemia-reperfusion (LIR) in mice. Male 8-week-old wild-type and hACE2 transgenic ICR mice were randomly divided into 6 groups (6 in each group), including wild-type control (W), wild-type model (WL), wild-type model with DIZE administration (WLD), transgenic control (T), transgenic model (TL), and transgenic model with DIZE administration (TLD) groups. LIR model was established by 4 h reperfusion following 2 h ischemia of bilateral hindlimbs with rubber bands in mice. The WLD and TLD groups were pretreated with DIZE (15 mg/kg, i.p.) for 4 weeks before LIR. At the end of LIR, the mice were sacrificed and lung tissues were sampled. Indexes for evaluating lung injury include organ coefficient and wet/dry weight ratio (W/D), cell count and protein concentration of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), as well as morphological change and pathological score were detected. Angiotensin II (Ang II) and Ang (1-7) levels in lung tissue were determined by using ELISA commercial kits. And the protein expressions of angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1) and Mas receptor protein in lung tissue were detected by Western blot. The results were as follows: (1) There was obvious lung injury in both the WL and TL groups. The lung injury in the TL group was lighter than that in the WL group. DIZE could attenuate the lung injury in both the two groups. (2) The WL group showed increased Ang II and decreased Ang (1-7) levels, whereas the TL group did not exhibit any changes of these two proteins. DIZE decreased the level of Ang II in both the WL and TL groups, and increased the level of Ang (1-7) in the WL group. (3) In the WL and TL groups, AT1 and Mas receptor protein expressions were up-regulated. DIZE reversed the change of AT1 protein expression, whereas further increased Mas receptor expression in both the two groups. These results suggest that DIZE may improve the renin-angiotensin system homeostasis by regulating ACE2-Ang (1-7)-Mas axis in local lung tissue and play a protective role in LIR-induced ALI in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Min Li
- Physiology Department, School of Basic Medical Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory for Chronic Diseases, Tangshan 063210, China
- Tangshan Key Laboratory for Preclinical and Basic Research on Chronic Diseases, Tangshan 063210, China
| | - Xiao-Ying Wang
- Physiology Department, School of Basic Medical Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China
| | - Fan Liu
- Physiology Department, School of Basic Medical Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China
| | - Xiu-Hong Yang
- Physiology Department, School of Basic Medical Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory for Chronic Diseases, Tangshan 063210, China
- Tangshan Key Laboratory for Preclinical and Basic Research on Chronic Diseases, Tangshan 063210, China.
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117
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Lim SY, Ko YS, Lee HY, Yang JH, Kim MG, Jo SK, Cho WY. The Impact of Preexisting Chronic Kidney Disease on the Severity and Recovery of Acute Kidney Injury. Nephron Clin Pract 2018; 139:254-268. [PMID: 29649832 DOI: 10.1159/000487492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent observational studies have shown that in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, a significantly smaller percentage of patients with an episode of acute kidney injury (AKI) have full recovery of renal function compared to those without CKD. However, precise mechanisms involved in the incomplete repair after AKI with preexisting CKD have not been completely ascertained. Here, we assessed the impact of preexisting CKD on the severity and recovery of AKI in a mouse model of 5/6 nephrectomy. METHODS Male CD-1 mice underwent 5/6 nephrectomy (Nx). Six weeks post surgery, ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) or a sham operation was performed and functional, histological, and various molecular parameters were compared between them. RESULTS Serum creatinine level on day 1 after IRI was comparable between control and Nx mice. However, serum creatinine remained significantly higher throughout the recovery phase in Nx mice compared to control mice. mRNA and protein expression of the cell cycle regulatory proteins were persistently elevated in Nx mice and this was associated with significantly increased levels of the G1 cell cycle arrest markers. Treatment with a p53 inhibitor following IRI resulted in not only decreased expression of G1 arrest markers but also decreased fibrosis, suggesting that prolonged epithelial G1 cell cycle arrest might be partially responsible for impaired recovery from superimposed AKI on CKD. CONCLUSION Taken together, reduced nephron mass have a negative effect on the repair process that is partially mediated by the disruption of the cell cycle regulation.
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Wu J, Jin Z, Yang X, Yan LJ. Post-ischemic administration of 5-methoxyindole-2-carboxylic acid at the onset of reperfusion affords neuroprotection against stroke injury by preserving mitochondrial function and attenuating oxidative stress. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 497:444-450. [PMID: 29448100 PMCID: PMC5835215 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.02.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported that 5-methoxyindole-2-carboxylic acid (MICA) could induce preconditioning effect in the ischemic brain of rat. In the present study, we addressed the question of whether MICA could also trigger a postconditioning effect in ischemic stroke. To this end, MICA (100 mg/kg body weight) was injected intraperitoneally at the onset of 24 h reperfusion following 1 h ischemia in rat brain. Results indicate that stroked animals treated with MICA showed less brain infarction volume than that of vehicle-treated animals. Further experiments revealed that brain mitochondrial complexes I and IV showed elevated enzymatic activities in MICA treated group and the elevation in complex I activity was likely contributed by seemingly enhanced expression of many complex I subunits, which was determined by mass spectral peptide sequencing. When compared with vehicle-treated rats, the preservation of complexes I and IV activities was shown to be accompanied by enhanced mitochondrial membrane potential, increased ATP production, and decreased caspase-3 activity. Additional studies also indicate the involvement of NQO1 upregulation by the Nrf2 signaling pathway in this MICA postconditioning paradigm. Consequently, attenuated oxidative stress in the MICA treated group reflected by decrease in H2O2 production and protein carbonylation and lipid peroxidation was detected. Taken together, the present study demonstrates that MICA can also induce a postconditioning effect in the ischemic brain of rat and the underlying mechanism likely involves preservation of mitochondrial function, upregulation of cellular antioxidative capacity, and attenuation of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinzi Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNT System College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, United States
| | - Zhen Jin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNT System College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, United States
| | - Xiaorong Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNT System College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, United States; Department of Physiology, National Key Disciplines, Key Laboratory for Cellular Physiology of Ministry of Education, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Liang-Jun Yan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNT System College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, United States.
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Akbari G, Ali Mard S, Veisi A. A comprehensive review on regulatory effects of crocin on ischemia/reperfusion injury in multiple organs. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 99:664-670. [PMID: 29710463 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.01.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury affects o2-dependent organs including liver, kidneys, heart, brain, and intestine. I/R injury is described as the cellular injury in an organ caused by ischemia and then further aggravated during the reperfusion due to intracellular alterations. It is a process that happens in clinical settings such as organ transplantation, reperfusion after thrombolytic therapy, and coronary angioplasty. Crocus sativus L. known as saffron used in folk medicine for its beneficial effects. It contains multiple bioactive compounds including the crocin, crocetin, picrocrocin, and safranal. Crocin, a water-soluble carotenoid has antitumor, radical scavenging, anti hyperlipidemia and memory improving effects. Moreover, crocin has antioxidant, and protective effects on I/R models in rats at various organs such as heart, brain, kidney, stomach, liver, and kidney as described in detail in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghaidafeh Akbari
- Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran; Research Center for Infectious Diseases of Digestive System [Alimentary Tract Research Center], Physiology Research Center (PRC), Dept. of Physiology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Seyyed Ali Mard
- Research Center for Infectious Diseases of Digestive System [Alimentary Tract Research Center], Physiology Research Center (PRC), Dept. of Physiology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ali Veisi
- Behbahan Faculty of Medical Sciences, Behbahan, Iran
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Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study was investigate the role of aprotinin on retinal lipid peroxidation and histopathological changes during ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) of guinea pigs. Methods Three groups of seven pigmented guinea pigs each were formed: a control (group 1), ischemia/saline (group 2) and ischemia/aprotinin (group 3). One eye of each animal was selected for histopathological evaluation and the other for biochemical assay. Bilateral pressure-induced retinal ischemia was instigated for 90 min and was followed by 24 hours of reperfusion. Animals in the ischemia/aprotinin and ischemia/saline groups received either 20,000 KIU/kg of aprotinin or saline, repeated four times at 6-hour intervals, with the first dose administered 5 min prior to the ischemic insult. The animals were killed at 24 hours of reperfusion. Retinal malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and the thickness of the inner plexiform layers were measured. Results The level of MDA in group 1 was significantly (p<0.001) lower than the other groups. The mean MDA level in group 2 was significantly (p<0.01) higher than in group 3. The inner plexiform layer in group 1 was significantly (p<0.001) thinner than in the other groups. The mean thickness of the inner plexiform layer in group 2 was significantly (p<0.01) higher than in group 3. Conclusions These data indicate that intraperitoneally administrated aprotinin has a protective effect against I/R injury in the retina of guinea pig as evidenced by reduced retinal MDA level and retinal thickness.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Yilmaz
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty, Firat University, Elaziğ, Turkey.
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Abstract
The treatment of organ failure on patients requires the transplantation of functional organs, from donors. Over time, the methodology of transplantation was improved by the development of organ preservation solutions. The storage of organs in preservation solutions is followed by the ischemia of the organ, resulting in a shortage of oxygen and nutrients, which damage the tissues. When the organ is ready for the transplantation, the reperfusion of the organ induces an increase of the oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and inflammation which causes tissue damage, resulting in a decrease of the transplantation success. However, the addition of proteasome inhibitor in the preservation solution alleviated the injuries due to the ischemia-reperfusion process. The proteasome is a protein structure involved in the regulation the inflammation and the clearance of damaged proteins. The goal of this review is to summarize the role of the proteasome and pharmacological compounds that regulate the proteasome in protecting the organs from the ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Oliva
- Department of Medicine, LA BioMed at Harbor UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA.
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Boteon YL, Laing R, Mergental H, Reynolds GM, Mirza DF, Afford SC, Bhogal RH. Mechanisms of autophagy activation in endothelial cell and their targeting during normothermic machine liver perfusion. World J Gastroenterol 2017; 23:8443-8451. [PMID: 29358854 PMCID: PMC5752706 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i48.8443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischaemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is the leading cause of injury seen in the liver following transplantation. IRI also causes injury following liver surgery and haemodynamic shock. The first cells within the liver to be injured by IRI are the liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSEC). Recent evidence suggests that LSEC co-ordinate and regulates the livers response to a variety of injuries. It is becoming increasingly apparent that the cyto-protective cellular process of autophagy is a key regulator of IRI. In particular LSEC autophagy may be an essential gatekeeper to the development of IRI. The recent availability of liver perfusion devices has allowed for the therapeutic targeting of autophagy to reduce IRI. In particular normothermic machine liver perfusion (NMP-L) allow the delivery of pharmacological agents to donor livers whilst maintaining physiological temperature and hepatic flow rates. In this review we summarise the current understanding of endothelial autophagy and how this may be manipulated during NMP-L to reduce liver IRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri L Boteon
- The Liver Unit, University Hospitals of Birmingham, Mindelsohn Way, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
- The Centre for Liver Research, Centre for Liver Research, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Laing
- The Liver Unit, University Hospitals of Birmingham, Mindelsohn Way, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
- The Centre for Liver Research, Centre for Liver Research, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Hynek Mergental
- The Liver Unit, University Hospitals of Birmingham, Mindelsohn Way, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
- The Centre for Liver Research, Centre for Liver Research, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Gary M Reynolds
- The Centre for Liver Research, Centre for Liver Research, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Darius F Mirza
- The Liver Unit, University Hospitals of Birmingham, Mindelsohn Way, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
- The Centre for Liver Research, Centre for Liver Research, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Simon C Afford
- The Centre for Liver Research, Centre for Liver Research, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Ricky H Bhogal
- The Liver Unit, University Hospitals of Birmingham, Mindelsohn Way, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
- The Centre for Liver Research, Centre for Liver Research, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
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Schellekens DHSM, Hundscheid IHR, Leenarts CAJI, Grootjans J, Lenaerts K, Buurman WA, Dejong CHC, Derikx JPM. Human small intestine is capable of restoring barrier function after short ischemic periods. World J Gastroenterol 2017; 23:8452-8464. [PMID: 29358855 PMCID: PMC5752707 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i48.8452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To assess intestinal barrier function during human intestinal ischemia and reperfusion (IR).
METHODS In a human experimental model, 6 cm of jejunum was selectively exposed to 30 min of ischemia (I) followed by 30 and 120 min of reperfusion (R). A sham procedure was also performed. Blood and tissue was sampled at all-time points. Functional barrier function was assessed using dual-sugar absorption tests with lactulose (L) and rhamnose (R). Plasma concentrations of citrulline, an amino acid described as marker for enterocyte function were measured as marker of metabolic enterocytes restoration. Damage to the epithelial lining was assessed by immunohistochemistry for tight junctions (TJs), by plasma marker for enterocytes damage (I-FABP) and analyzed by electron microscopy (EM) using lanthanum nitrate as an electrondense marker.
RESULTS Plasma L/R ratio’s were significantly increased after 30 min of ischemia (30I) followed by 30 min of reperfusion (30R) compared to control (0.75 ± 0.10 vs 0.20 ± 0.09, P < 0.05). At 120 min of reperfusion (120R), ratio’s normalized (0.17 ± 0.06) and were not significantly different from control. Plasma levels of I-FABP correlated with plasma L/R ratios measured at the same time points (correlation: 0.467, P < 0.01). TJs staining shows distortion of staining at 30I. An intact lining of TJs was again observed at 30I120R. Electron microscopy analysis revealed disrupted TJs after 30I with paracellular leakage of lanthanum nitrate, which restored after 30I120R. Furthermore, citrulline concentrations closely paralleled the histological perturbations during intestinal IR.
CONCLUSION This study directly correlates histological data with intestinal permeability tests, revealing that the human gut has the ability of to withstand short episodes of ischemia, with morphological and functional recovery of the intestinal barrier within 120 min of reperfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk HSM Schellekens
- Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht 6200 MD, the Netherlands
- NUTRIM, School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht 6200 MD, the Netherlands
| | - Inca HR Hundscheid
- Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht 6200 MD, the Netherlands
- NUTRIM, School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht 6200 MD, the Netherlands
| | - Claire AJI Leenarts
- Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht 6200 MD, the Netherlands
- NUTRIM, School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht 6200 MD, the Netherlands
| | - Joep Grootjans
- NUTRIM, School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht 6200 MD, the Netherlands
- Department of Gastroenterology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam 1105 AZ, the Netherlands
| | - Kaatje Lenaerts
- Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht 6200 MD, the Netherlands
- NUTRIM, School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht 6200 MD, the Netherlands
| | - Wim A Buurman
- NUTRIM, School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht 6200 MD, the Netherlands
- MHeNs School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht 6200 MD, the Netherlands
| | - Cornelis HC Dejong
- Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht 6200 MD, the Netherlands
- NUTRIM, School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht 6200 MD, the Netherlands
| | - Joep PM Derikx
- Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht 6200 MD, the Netherlands
- NUTRIM, School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht 6200 MD, the Netherlands
- Pediatric Surgical Center of Amsterdam, Emma Children's Hospital Academic Medical Center and VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam 1100 DE, the Netherlands
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Kleinschmidt D, Giannou AD, McGee HM, Kempski J, Steglich B, Huber FJ, Ernst TM, Shiri AM, Wegscheid C, Tasika E, Hübener P, Huber P, Bedke T, Steffens N, Agalioti T, Fuchs T, Noll J, Lotter H, Tiegs G, Lohse AW, Axelrod JH, Galun E, Flavell RA, Gagliani N, Huber S. A Protective Function of IL-22BP in Ischemia Reperfusion and Acetaminophen-Induced Liver Injury. J Immunol 2017; 199:4078-4090. [PMID: 29109123 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1700587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Acute liver injury can be secondary to a variety of causes, including infections, intoxication, and ischemia. All of these insults induce hepatocyte death and subsequent inflammation, which can make acute liver injury a life-threatening event. IL-22 is a dual natured cytokine which has context-dependent protective and pathogenic properties during tissue damage. Accordingly, IL-22 was shown to promote liver regeneration upon acute liver damage. However, other studies suggest pathogenic properties of IL-22 during chronic liver injury. IL-22 binding protein (IL-22BP, IL-22Ra2) is a soluble inhibitor of IL-22 that regulates IL-22 activity. However, the significance of endogenous IL-22BP in acute liver injury is unknown. We hypothesized that IL-22BP may play a role in acute liver injury. To test this hypothesis, we used Il22bp-deficient mice and murine models of acute liver damage induced by ischemia reperfusion and N-acetyl-p-aminophenol (acetaminophen) administration. We found that Il22bp-deficient mice were more susceptible to acute liver damage in both models. We used Il22 × Il22bp double-deficient mice to show that this effect is indeed due to uncontrolled IL-22 activity. We could demonstrate mechanistically increased expression of Cxcl10 by hepatocytes, and consequently increased infiltration of inflammatory CD11b+Ly6C+ monocytes into the liver in Il22bp-deficient mice upon liver damage. Accordingly, neutralization of CXCL10 reversed the increased disease susceptibility of Il22bp-deficient mice. In conclusion, our data indicate that IL-22BP plays a protective role in acute liver damage, via controlling IL-22-induced Cxcl10 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dörte Kleinschmidt
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anastasios D Giannou
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Heather M McGee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
| | - Jan Kempski
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Babett Steglich
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Francis Jessica Huber
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Michael Ernst
- Department and Clinic for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ahmad Mustafa Shiri
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Wegscheid
- Institute of Experimental Immunology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Elena Tasika
- Institute of Experimental Immunology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Peter Hübener
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Philipp Huber
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tanja Bedke
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Niklas Steffens
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Theodora Agalioti
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Fuchs
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Central Laboratories, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jill Noll
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hannelore Lotter
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Gisa Tiegs
- Institute of Experimental Immunology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ansgar W Lohse
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jonathan H Axelrod
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Eithan Galun
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Richard A Flavell
- Department of Immunobiology, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520; and
| | - Nicola Gagliani
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
- Immunology and Allergy Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institute, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Samuel Huber
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany;
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Zhou X, Jiang R, Dong Y, Wang L. Remote ischemic preconditioning attenuates cardiopulmonary bypass-induced lung injury. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0189501. [PMID: 29232398 PMCID: PMC5726632 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in cardiac surgeries is known to induce pathological changes in vital organs such as lungs. Remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) is a protective strategy that has shown to be able to reduce tissue damage related to ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). The current study seeks to evaluate the beneficial effects of limb RIPC on lung tissues and function in a rat CPB model. RIPC, which consisted of three cycles of 5-min ischemia and subsequently 5-min reperfusion, was induced in the hind limbs of the animals via a tourniquet. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid analysis and hematoxylin and eosin staining revealed that limb RIPC could significantly attenuate CPB-induced pulmonary injury, as evidenced by a combination of lower total BAL protein content, less severe alveolar wall thickening and reduced intra-alveolar neutrophil infiltration. Consistently, RIPC was also found to improve the proliferation capacity of the bronchioalveolar stem cells isolated from the lung tissues in rats subjected to surgical procedure with CPB. These beneficial effects translated into significantly improved lung function. Further investigation suggested that RIPC could up-regulate the serum levels of several anti-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-4 and 10, which might play a role in its pulmonoprotective effects. Taken together, the current study provided convincing evidence that limb RIPC could be a useful strategy for minimizing CPB-induced organ injuries in patients undergoing CPB surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaona Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guizhou Province’s People Hospital. Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Runzhu Jiang
- Department of Ansthesiology, Women & Children’s Health Care Hospital of Linyi, Linyi, Shandong, China
| | - Yucai Dong
- Department of Rehabilitation, Linyi People’s Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, China
| | - Lifeng Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Linyi People’s Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, China
- * E-mail:
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Pulitanò C, Aldrighetti L, Finazzi R, Arru M, Catena M, Ferla G. Inihibition of cytokine response by methylprednisolone attenuates antithrombin reduction following hepatic resection. Thromb Haemost 2017; 93:1199-200. [PMID: 15968411 DOI: 10.1160/th06-01-0058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Abstract
Hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is a major complication of liver surgery, including liver resection, liver transplantation, and trauma surgery. Much has been learned about the inflammatory injury response induced by I/R, including the cascade of proinflammatory mediators and recruitment of activated leukocytes. In this review, we discuss the complex network of events that culminate in liver injury after I/R, including cellular, protein, and molecular mechanisms. In addition, we address the known endogenous regulatory mediators that function to maintain homeostasis and resolve injury. Finally, we cover more recent insights into how the liver repairs and regenerates after I/R injury, a setting in which physical mass remains unchanged, but functional liver mass is greatly reduced. In this regard, we focus on recent work highlighting a novel role of CXC chemokines as important regulators of hepatocyte proliferation and liver regeneration after I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takanori Konishi
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Alex B. Lentsch
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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Ragy MM, Aziz NM. Prevention of renal ischemia/perfusion-induced renal and hepatic injury in adult male Albino rats by oxytocin: role of nitric oxide. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2017; 28:615-621. [PMID: 28742516 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2016-0197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxytocin (OT) has an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effect in the different inflammatory models. The current study aimed to evaluate the protective function of OT in renal and hepatic damages triggered by renal ischemia/reperfusion (IR) in rats. Moreover, the effect of NG-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME) was investigated on the kidney and liver functions in renal IR model. METHODS Twenty-four rats were divided into four groups (six rats each) as follows: (1) Sham-operated group; (2) Renal IR group; (3) Renal IR+OT group; (4) Renal IR+OT+l-NAME. OT (1 mg/kg, i.p.) was administered 30 min prior to the induced ischemia and was repeated immediately before the reperfusion period. l-NAME (10 mg/kg, i.p.) was given 45 min before IR injury. RESULTS The results revealed that OT significantly attenuated the IR-induced elevations in the serum urea, creatinine, liver transaminases, and TNF-α levels, while nitric oxide (NO) and Bcl-2 levels were significantly increased compared with the IR group. OT also significantly compensated the decrease in the total antioxidant capacities (TAC) and lowered the elevated malondialdehyde (MDA) levels that were observed with renal IR in the renal and hepatic tissues. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, OT ameliorates renal and hepatic damages triggered by renal IR, and this defense involves the suppression of inflammation and apoptosis with regulation of oxidant-antioxidant status. In addition, administration of l-NAME prior to OT partially reversed the protective effect of OT ensuring that one of the protective effects of OT was through the NO production.
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Woo CW, Kwon JI, Kim KW, Kim JK, Jeon SB, Jung SC, Choi CG, Kim ST, Kim J, Ham SJ, Shim WH, Sung YS, Ha HK, Choi Y, Woo DC. The administration of hydrogen sulphide prior to ischemic reperfusion has neuroprotective effects in an acute stroke model. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0187910. [PMID: 29161281 PMCID: PMC5697867 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0187910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence has suggested that hydrogen sulfide (H2S) may alleviate the cellular damage associated with cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. In this study, we assessed using 1H-magnetic resonance imaging/magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRI/MRS) and histologic analysis whether H2S administration prior to reperfusion has neuroprotective effects. We also evaluated for differences in the effects of H2S treatment at 2 time points. 1H-MRI/MRS data were obtained at baseline, and at 3, 9, and 24 h after ischemia from 4 groups: sham, control (I/R injury), sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS)-30 and NaHS-1 (NaHS delivery at 30 and 1 min before reperfusion, respectively). The total infarct volume and the midline shift at 24 h post-ischemia were lowest in the NaHS-1, followed by the NaHS-30 and control groups. Peri-infarct volume was significantly lower in the NaHS-1 compared to NaHS-30 and control animals. The relative apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) in the peri-infarct region showed that the NaHS-1 group had significantly lower values compared to the NaHS-30 and control animals and that NaHS-1 rats showed significantly higher relative T2 values in the peri-infarct region compared to the controls. The relative ADC value, relative T2 value, levels of N-acetyl-L-aspartate (NAA), and the NAA, glutamate, and taurine combination score (NGT) in the ischemic core region at 24 h post-ischemia did not differ significantly between the 2 NaHS groups and the control except that the NAA and NGT values were higher in the peri-infarct region of the NaHS-1 animals at 9 h post-ischemia. In the ischemic core and peri-infarct regions, the apoptosis rate was lowest in the NaHS-1 group, followed by the NaHS-30 and control groups. Our results suggest that H2S treatment has neuroprotective effects on the peri-infarct region during the evolution of I/R injury. Furthermore, our findings indicate that the administration of H2S immediately prior to reperfusion produces the highest neuroprotective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chul-Woong Woo
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Songpa-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Im Kwon
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Songpa-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Won Kim
- Department of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, Songpa-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Kon Kim
- Department of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, Songpa-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Beom Jeon
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, Songpa-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Chae Jung
- Department of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, Songpa-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Choong-Gon Choi
- Department of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, Songpa-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Tae Kim
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Songpa-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinil Kim
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Songpa-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Jeong Ham
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Songpa-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Hyun Shim
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Songpa-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Sub Sung
- Department of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, Songpa-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Kwon Ha
- Medical Research Institute, Gangneung Asan Hospital Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonseok Choi
- Medical Research Institute, Gangneung Asan Hospital Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (YSC); (DCW)
| | - Dong-Cheol Woo
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Songpa-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: (YSC); (DCW)
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Abstract
PURPOSE We have recently reported lipopolysaccharide (LPS) pretreatment attenuated renal ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI), but the exact mechanism remains to be well elucidated. It was reported that heat shock protein (Hsp) 27 was up-regulated after administration of LPS, but whether a direct link existed between Hsp27 up-regulation and LPS-induced protection against renal IRI is still unknown. METHODS Mice were exposed to IRI or sham procedure, with pretreatment of LPS or not. Quercetin, an inhibitor of Hsp27 synthesis, was used, and an RNA interference with adenovirus vector using short hairpin RNA targeting Hsp27 was developed for inhibition of Hsp27 in mice. In addition, mice trans-infected with adenovirus vector encoding Hsp27 were used to testify the role of Hsp27 overexpression in LPS-induced renoprotection. Renal function, histological damage, inflammatory reaction, oxidative stress and apoptosis indices were measured. Western blot analysis was used to detect expression of Hsp27. RESULTS We found LPS pretreatment stimulated renal up-regulation of Hsp27 and reduced renal IRI proven by less renal dysfunction, histological damage, inflammatory reaction, oxidative stress and apoptosis. It was observed that inhibition of Hsp27 synthesis by Quercetin abolished LPS-induced renoprotective effects. After renal knockdown of Hsp27, LPS-induced tolerance against renal IRI was largely removed. Mice with Hsp27 overexpression showed significantly improved renal function after IRI and LPS combined with Hsp27 overexpression had a synergistic effect on protection against renal IRI. CONCLUSION Administration of LPS produces protective effects against renal IRI via Hsp27 up-regulation. Preconditional Hsp27 up-regulation might have a great potential for the treatment of renal IRI via ameliorating apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang He
- Department of Liver Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Xia
- Department of Liver Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- Department of Liver Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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Liu YY, Chiang CH, Hung SC, Chian CF, Tsai CL, Chen WC, Zhang H. Hypoxia-preconditioned mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate ischemia/reperfusion-induced lung injury. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0187637. [PMID: 29117205 PMCID: PMC5678873 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0187637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hypoxia preconditioning has been proven to be an effective method to enhance the therapeutic action of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). However, the beneficial effects of hypoxic MSCs in ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) lung injury have yet to be investigated. In this study, we hypothesized that the administration of hypoxic MSCs would have a positive therapeutic impact on I/R lung injury at molecular, cellular, and functional levels. Methods I/R lung injury was induced in isolated and perfused rat lungs. Hypoxic MSCs were administered in perfusate at a low (2.5×105 cells) and high (1×106 cells) dose. Rats ventilated with a low tidal volume of 6 ml/kg served as controls. Hemodynamics, lung injury indices, inflammatory responses and activation of apoptotic pathways were determined. Results I/R induced permeability pulmonary edema with capillary leakage and increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), pro-inflammatory cytokines, adhesion molecules, cytosolic cytochrome C, and activated MAPK, NF-κB, and apoptotic pathways. The administration of a low dose of hypoxic MSCs effectively attenuated I/R pathologic lung injury score by inhibiting inflammatory responses associated with the generation of ROS and anti-apoptosis effect, however this effect was not observed with a high dose of hypoxic MSCs. Mechanistically, a low dose of hypoxic MSCs down-regulated P38 MAPK and NF-κB signaling but upregulated glutathione, prostaglandin E2, IL-10, mitochondrial cytochrome C and Bcl-2. MSCs infused at a low dose migrated into interstitial and alveolar spaces and bronchial trees, while MSCs infused at a high dose aggregated in the microcirculation and induced pulmonary embolism. Conclusions Hypoxic MSCs can quickly migrate into extravascular lung tissue and adhere to other inflammatory or structure cells and attenuate I/R lung injury through anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic mechanisms. However, the dose of MSCs needs to be optimized to prevent pulmonary embolism and thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Yang Liu
- Chest Department, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Huei Chiang
- Chest Department, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
| | - Shih-Chieh Hung
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Integrative Stem Cell Center, Chinese Medical University Hospital, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Therapeutical and Research Center of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Feng Chian
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Internal Medicine Department, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Liang Tsai
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Internal Medicine Department, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chih Chen
- Chest Department, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Haibo Zhang
- Department of Physiology, and Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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van der Pol A, Gil A, Silljé HHW, Tromp J, Ovchinnikova ES, Vreeswijk-Baudoin I, Hoes M, Domian IJ, van de Sluis B, van Deursen JM, Voors AA, van Veldhuisen DJ, van Gilst WH, Berezikov E, van der Harst P, de Boer RA, Bischoff R, van der Meer P. Accumulation of 5-oxoproline in myocardial dysfunction and the protective effects of OPLAH. Sci Transl Med 2017; 9:eaam8574. [PMID: 29118264 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aam8574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
In response to heart failure (HF), the heart reacts by repressing adult genes and expressing fetal genes, thereby returning to a more fetal-like gene profile. To identify genes involved in this process, we carried out transcriptional analysis on murine hearts at different stages of development and on hearts from adult mice with HF. Our screen identified Oplah, encoding for 5-oxoprolinase, a member of the γ-glutamyl cycle that functions by scavenging 5-oxoproline. OPLAH depletion occurred as a result of cardiac injury, leading to elevated 5-oxoproline and oxidative stress, whereas OPLAH overexpression improved cardiac function after ischemic injury. In HF patients, we observed elevated plasma 5-oxoproline, which was associated with a worse clinical outcome. Understanding and modulating fetal-like genes in the failing heart may lead to potential diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic options in HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atze van der Pol
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Andres Gil
- Department of Pharmacy, Analytical Biochemistry, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Herman H W Silljé
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Jasper Tromp
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, Netherlands
- National Heart Centre Singapore, 169609 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ekaterina S Ovchinnikova
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, Netherlands
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Aging, Laboratory of Stem Cell Regulation and Mechanisms of Regeneration, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Inge Vreeswijk-Baudoin
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Martijn Hoes
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Ibrahim J Domian
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Bart van de Sluis
- Molecular Genetics Section, Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, Netherlands
| | | | - Adriaan A Voors
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Dirk J van Veldhuisen
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Wiek H van Gilst
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Eugene Berezikov
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Aging, Laboratory of Stem Cell Regulation and Mechanisms of Regeneration, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Pim van der Harst
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Rudolf A de Boer
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Rainer Bischoff
- Department of Pharmacy, Analytical Biochemistry, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Peter van der Meer
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, Netherlands.
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Grambow E, Dau M, Holmer A, Lipp V, Frerich B, Klar E, Vollmar B, Kämmerer PW. Hyperspectral imaging for monitoring of perfusion failure upon microvascular anastomosis in the rat hind limb. Microvasc Res 2017; 116:64-70. [PMID: 29107094 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2017.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Revised: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Objective, reliable and easy monitoring of microvascular tissue perfusion is a goal that was achieved for many years with limited success. Therefore, a new non-invasive hyperspectral camera system (TIVITA™) was tested for this purpose in an in vivo animal model. METHODS Evaluation of tissue oxygenation during ischemia and upon reperfusion was performed in left hind limb in a rat model (n=20). Ischemia was induced by clamping and dissection of the superficial femoral artery. Reperfusion of the limb was achieved by microsurgical anastomosis of the dissected artery. Oxygenation parameters of the hind limb were assessed via TIVITA™ before and immediately after clamping and dissection of the artery, 3 and 30min after reperfusion as well as on postoperative days 1 and 2. Thereby, the non-operated hind limb served as control. As clinical parameters, the refill of the anastomosis as well as the progress of the affected leg were assessed. RESULTS In 12 from 20 cases, TIVITA™ recorded a sufficient reperfusion with oxygenation parameters comparable to baseline or control condition. However, in 8 from 20 cases oxygenation was found impaired after reperfusion causing a re-assessment of the microvascular anastomosis. Thereby, technical problems like stenosis or local thrombosis were found in all cases and were surgically treated leading to an increased tissue oxygenation. CONCLUSIONS The TIVITA™ camera system is a valid non-invasive tool to assess tissue perfusion after microvascular anastomosis. As it safely shows problems in oxygenation, it allows the clinician a determined revision of the site in time in order to prevent prolonged ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eberhard Grambow
- Institute for Experimental Surgery, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock, Germany; Department for General, Thoracic-, Vascular- and Transplantation Surgery, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock, Germany.
| | - Michael Dau
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Facial Plastic Surgery, University Medical Centre Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | | | - Vicky Lipp
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Facial Plastic Surgery, University Medical Centre Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Bernhard Frerich
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Facial Plastic Surgery, University Medical Centre Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Ernst Klar
- Department for General, Thoracic-, Vascular- and Transplantation Surgery, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Brigitte Vollmar
- Institute for Experimental Surgery, University Medical Center Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Peer Wolfgang Kämmerer
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Facial Plastic Surgery, University Medical Centre Rostock, Rostock, Germany
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134
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Sprick JD, Rickards CA. Combining remote ischemic preconditioning and aerobic exercise: a novel adaptation of blood flow restriction exercise. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2017; 313:R497-R506. [PMID: 28835447 PMCID: PMC5792145 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00111.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) can attenuate tissue damage sustained by ischemia-reperfusion injury. Blood flow restriction exercise (BFRE) restricts blood flow to exercising muscles. We implemented a novel approach to BFRE with cyclical bouts of blood flow restriction-reperfusion, reflecting the RIPC model. A concern about BFRE, however, is potential amplification of the exercise pressor reflex, which could be unsafe in at-risk populations. We hypothesized that cyclical BFRE would elicit greater increases in sympathetic outflow and arterial pressure than conventional exercise (CE) when performed at the same relative intensity. We also assessed the cerebrovascular responses due to potential implementation of BFRE in stroke rehabilitation. Fourteen subjects performed treadmill exercise at 65-70% maximal heart rate with and without intermittent BFR (4 × 5-min intervals of bilateral thigh-cuff pressure followed by 5-min reperfusion periods). Mean arterial pressure (MAP), plasma norepinephrine (NE), and middle and posterior cerebral artery velocities (MCAv and PCAv) were compared between trials. As expected, BFRE elicited higher concentration NE compared with CE (1249 ± 170 vs. 962 ± 114 pg/ml; P = 0.06). Unexpectedly, however, there were no differences in MAP between conditions (overall P = 0.33), and MAP was 4-5 mmHg lower with BFRE versus CE during the reperfusion periods (P ≤ 0.05 for reperfusion periods 3 and 4). There were no differences in MCAv or PCAv between trials (P ≥ 0.22), suggesting equivalent cerebrometabolic demand. The exaggerated sympathoexcitatory response with BFRE was not accompanied by higher MAP, likely because of the cyclical reperfusions. This cyclical BFRE paradigm could be adapted to cardiac or stroke rehabilitation, where exercising patients could benefit from the cardio and cerebro protection associated with RIPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin D Sprick
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas
| | - Caroline A Rickards
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas
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135
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Yin F, Lu LM. [Advances in mechanism of autophagy in renal tubular injury]. Sheng Li Xue Bao 2017; 69:723-729. [PMID: 29063120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is a lysosome-dependent degradation process that eliminates damaged macromolecular proteins and aging organelles to maintain intracellular homeostasis. Autophagy is observed in almost all eukaryotic cells and plays important roles in many cellular physiological processes, including the cell proliferation and growth, cellular functional alteration and phenotypical transition. Renal tubule is an important target for renal injury under different pathological conditions. Following the discoveries of the molecular basis of autophagy, accumulated lines of evidence have indicated that autophagy dysfunction in tubule is involved in the pathogenesis of many renal diseases. This review will summarize the recent progress in molecule mechanism of autophagy and its roles in renal tubular injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yin
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Li-Min Lu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
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Rahmania L, Orbegozo D, Su F, Taccone FS, Vincent JL, De Backer D. Administration of Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) Protects the Renal Microcirculation From Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury. Anesth Analg 2017; 125:1253-1260. [PMID: 28632534 DOI: 10.1213/ane.0000000000002131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abdominal aortic aneurysm surgery with suprarenal cross-clamping is often associated with renal injury. Although the mechanism underlying such injury is unclear, tissue ischemia and reperfusion, which induces endothelial dysfunction and decreases the availability of tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4), may play a role. We evaluated whether BH4 administration prevents renal ischemia/reperfusion injury in an animal model of aortic cross-clamping. METHODS Nineteen anesthetized, mechanically ventilated, and invasively monitored adult sheep were randomized into 3 groups: sham animals (n = 5) that underwent surgical preparation but no aortic clamping; an ischemia/reperfusion group (n = 7), where the aorta was clamped above the renal arteries for 1 hour, and a BH4 group (n = 7), in which animals received 20 mg/kg of BH4 followed by aortic cross-clamp for 1 hour. Animals were followed for a maximum of 6 hours after reperfusion. The renal microcirculation was evaluated at baseline (before clamping), and 1, 4, and 6 hours after reperfusion using side-stream dark field videomicroscopy. The renal lactate-to-pyruvate ratio was evaluated using microdialysis. The primary outcome was the change in proportion of small perfused vessels before and after injury. Secondary outcomes were renal tissue redox state and renal function. RESULTS Ischemia/reperfusion injury was associated with increases in heart rate and mean arterial pressure, which were blunted by BH4 administration. From the first to the sixth hour after reperfusion, the small vessel density (estimated mean difference [EMD], 1.03; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.41-1.64; P = .003), perfused small vessel density (EMD, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.29-1.39; P = .005), and proportion of perfused small vessels (EMD, 8.60; 95% CI, 0.85-16.30; P = .031) were altered less in the BH4 than in the ischemia/reperfusion group. The renal lactate-to-pyruvate ratios were lower in the cortex in the BH4 than in the ischemia/reperfusion group from the first to the sixth hour after reperfusion (EMD, -19.16; 95% CI, -11.06 to 33.16; P = .002) and in the medulla from the first to the fourth hour (EMD, -26.62; 95% CI, -18.32 to 38.30; P = .020; and EMD, -8.68; 95% CI, -5.96 to 12.65; P = .019). At the sixth hour, serum creatinine was lower in the BH4 than in the ischemia/reperfusion group (EMD, -3.36; 95% CI, -0.29 to 1.39; P = .026). CONCLUSIONS In this sheep model of renal ischemia/reperfusion, BH4 pretreatment reduced renal microvascular injury and improved renal metabolism and function. Further work is needed to clarify the potential role of BH4 in ischemia/reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lokmane Rahmania
- From the Department of Intensive Care, Erasme Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
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137
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Li H, Lu J, Zhou X, Pan D, Guo D, Ling H, Yang H, He Y, Chen G. Quantitative Analysis of Hepatic Microcirculation in Rabbits After Liver Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Using Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound. Ultrasound Med Biol 2017; 43:2469-2476. [PMID: 28684184 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2017.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Revised: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) can be used quantitatively to analyze microcirculation blood perfusion in hepatocellular carcinoma patients. However, limited data have described the application of CEUS in hepatic microcirculation after liver ischemic-reperfusion injury (IRI). The purpose of this study was to explore the use of CEUS quantitatively to assess liver microcirculation after liver IRI. We randomly sorted 45 New Zealand rabbits into 3 groups (15 in each). Group A was a control group in which the rabbits underwent laparotomy alone. In groups B and C, hepatic blood was blocked for 30 min. Simultaneously, rabbits in group C underwent left lateral lobe resection. After 30 min of ischemia, CEUS was conducted after 0 h, 1 h, 6 h and 24 h of reperfusion in the 3 groups. Time-intensity curves (TICs) for CEUS were constructed and quantitative parameters (maximum intensity [IMAX], rise time [RT], time to peak [TTP] and mean transit time [mTT]) were obtained. In addition, serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels were computed to estimate liver function before the operation and at 0 h, 1 h, 6 h and 24 h after reperfusion, respectively. Pathologic changes in the liver after reperfusion were also observed. Simultaneously, the correlations between serum transaminase and a variety of quantitative analysis parameters were analyzed. In groups B and C, the IMAX value decreased; whereas RT, TTP, mTT and serum ALT and AST levels increased significantly in comparison with those in group A after 0 h and 1 h of reperfusion. The pathology revealed that erythrocytes were destroyed and microcirculation was disturbed. Then, at 6 h of reperfusion, the IMAX continued to decrease. Additionally, the levels of RT, TTP, mTT and serum ALT and AST increased in comparison with those at 1 h of reperfusion. The pathologic analysis revealed inflammatory cell aggregation and leukocyte infiltration. After 24 h of reperfusion, the IMAX was reduced in comparison with that of the 6-h group. The levels of RT, TTP, mTT and serum ALT and serum AST were increased in comparison with that of the 6-h group. These findings were in accordance with the pathologic analysis. In addition, serum transaminase had a negative correlation with IMAX (p < 0.001) and a positive correlation with RT, TTP and mTT (all p < 0.001). So, in conclusion, the quantitative analysis of CEUS can be used to assess hepatic microcirculation after liver IRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyuan Li
- Department of Ultrasonography, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingning Lu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofeng Zhou
- Department of Ultrasonography, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Denghua Pan
- Department of Ultrasonography, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Dequan Guo
- Department of Ultrasonography, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiying Ling
- Department of Ultrasonography, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Yang
- Department of Ultrasonography, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yun He
- Department of Ultrasonography, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
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Liu X, Chen X, Zhu Y, Wang K, Wang Y. Effect of magnolol on cerebral injury and blood brain barrier dysfunction induced by ischemia-reperfusion in vivo and in vitro. Metab Brain Dis 2017; 32:1109-1118. [PMID: 28378105 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-017-0004-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Magnolol, a neolignan compound isolated from traditional Chinese medicine Magnolia officinalis, has a potentially therapeutic influence on ischemic stroke. Previous studies have demonstrated that cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) and blood-brain barrier (BBB) are involved in the pathogeneses of stroke. Therefore, in vivo and in vitro studies were designed to investigate the effects of magnolol on I-R-induced neural injury and BBB dysfunction. In cerebral I-R model of mice, cerebral infarct volumes, brain water content, and the exudation of Evans blue were significantly reduced by intravenous injection with magnolol at the doses of 1.4, 7.0, and 35.0 μg/kg. When primary cultured microglial cells were treated with 1 μg/ml lipopolysaccharide (LPS) plus increasing concentrations of magnolol, ranging from 0.01 to 10 μmol/L, magnolol could statistically inhibit LPS-induced NO release, TNF-α secretion, and expression of p65 subunit of NF-κB in the nucleus of microglial cells. In the media of brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs), oxygen and glucose deprivation-reperfusion (OGD-R) could remarkably lead to the elevation of TNF-α and IL-1β levels, while magnolol evidently reversed these effects. In BBB model in vitro, magnolol dose- and time-dependently declined BBB hyperpermeability induced by oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD), OGD-R, and ephrin-A1 treatment. More importantly, magnolol could obviously inhibit phosphorylation of EphA2 (p-EphA2) not only in ephrin-A1-treated BMECs but also in cerebral I-R model of mice. In contrast to p-EphA2, magnolol significantly increased ZO-1 and occludin levels in BMECs subjected to OGD. Taken together, magnolol can protect neural damage from cerebral ischemia- and OGD-reperfusion, which may be associated with suppressing cerebral inflammation and improving BBB function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Liu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xiaoling Chen
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yuanjun Zhu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Kewei Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yinye Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
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139
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Khalilov RA, Dzhafarova AM, Khizrieva SI. Effect of Hypothermia on Kinetic Characteristics of Lactate Dehydrogenase in Rat Brain under Conditions of Global Ischemia and Reperfusion. Bull Exp Biol Med 2017; 163:334-337. [PMID: 28744645 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-017-3797-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
We studied activity and kinetic characteristics of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in rat brain under conditions of incomplete global ischemia followed by reperfusion against the background of mild hypothermia. It was found that hypothermia leads to a decrease in LDH activity in the ischemic brain; the maximum velocity of the enzyme-catalyzed activity decreased and Michaelis constant increased, due to which the efficiency of catalysis decreased to the level observed in control rats. Ischemia against the background of hypothermia was accompanied by a decrease in the inhibition constant and narrowing of effective pyruvate concentration range. Blood flow resumption in the ischemic brain against the background of mild hypothermia led to an increase in LDH activity, the maximum reaction velocity increased, and Michaelis constant decreased, which lead to a significant increase in the efficiency of catalysis. This was accompanied by an increase in enzyme inhibition constant and a shift of the optimum on the concentration curve towards lower pyruvate concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A Khalilov
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Dagestan State University, Makhachkala, Republic of Dagestan, Russia
| | - A M Dzhafarova
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Dagestan State University, Makhachkala, Republic of Dagestan, Russia.
| | - S I Khizrieva
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Dagestan State University, Makhachkala, Republic of Dagestan, Russia
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Rao K, Sethi K, Ischia J, Gibson L, Galea L, Xiao L, Yim M, Chang M, Papa N, Bolton D, Shulkes A, Baldwin GS, Patel O. Protective effect of zinc preconditioning against renal ischemia reperfusion injury is dose dependent. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0180028. [PMID: 28686686 PMCID: PMC5501469 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a major cause of acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease. Two promising preconditioning methods for the kidney, intermittent arterial clamping (IC) and treatment with the hypoxia mimetic cobalt chloride, have never been directly compared. Furthermore, the protective efficacy of the chemically related transition metal Zn2+ against renal IRI is unclear. Although Co2+ ions have been shown to protect the kidney via hypoxia inducible factor (HIF), the effect of Zn2+ ions on the induction of HIF1α, HIF2α and HIF3α has not been investigated previously. Materials and methods The efficacy of different preconditioning techniques was assessed using a Sprague-Dawley rat model of renal IRI. Induction of HIF proteins following Zn2+ treatment of the human kidney cell lines HK-2 (immortalized normal tubular cells) and ACHN (renal cancer) was measured using Western Blot. Results Following 40 minutes of renal ischemia in rats, cobalt preconditioning offered greater protection against renal IRI than IC as evidenced by lower peak serum creatinine and urea concentrations. ZnCl2 (10 mg/kg) significantly lowered the creatinine and urea concentrations compared to saline-treated control rats following a clinically relevant 60 minutes of ischemia. Zn2+ induced expression of HIF1α and HIF2α but not HIF3α in HK-2 and ACHN cells. Conclusion ZnCl2 preconditioning protects against renal IRI in a dose-dependent manner. Further studies are warranted to determine the possible mechanisms involved, and to assess the benefit of ZnCl2 preconditioning for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenny Rao
- Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne Victoria, Australia
- Department of Urology Austin Health, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kapil Sethi
- Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne Victoria, Australia
- Department of Urology Austin Health, Victoria, Australia
| | - Joseph Ischia
- Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne Victoria, Australia
- Department of Urology Austin Health, Victoria, Australia
| | - Luke Gibson
- Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne Victoria, Australia
- Department of Urology Austin Health, Victoria, Australia
| | - Laurence Galea
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Austin Health, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lin Xiao
- Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne Victoria, Australia
| | - Mildred Yim
- Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne Victoria, Australia
| | - Mike Chang
- Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne Victoria, Australia
| | - Nathan Papa
- Department of Urology Austin Health, Victoria, Australia
| | - Damien Bolton
- Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne Victoria, Australia
- Department of Urology Austin Health, Victoria, Australia
| | - Arthur Shulkes
- Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne Victoria, Australia
| | - Graham S. Baldwin
- Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne Victoria, Australia
| | - Oneel Patel
- Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne Victoria, Australia
- * E-mail:
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Sutherland BA, Fordsmann JC, Martin C, Neuhaus AA, Witgen BM, Piilgaard H, Lønstrup M, Couch Y, Sibson NR, Lauritzen M, Buchan AM. Multi-modal assessment of neurovascular coupling during cerebral ischaemia and reperfusion using remote middle cerebral artery occlusion. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2017; 37:2494-2508. [PMID: 27629101 PMCID: PMC5531347 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x16669512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Revised: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Hyperacute changes in cerebral blood flow during cerebral ischaemia and reperfusion are important determinants of injury. Cerebral blood flow is regulated by neurovascular coupling, and disruption of neurovascular coupling contributes to brain plasticity and repair problems. However, it is unknown how neurovascular coupling is affected hyperacutely during cerebral ischaemia and reperfusion. We have developed a remote middle cerebral artery occlusion model in the rat, which enables multi-modal assessment of neurovascular coupling immediately prior to, during and immediately following reperfusion. Male Wistar rats were subjected to remote middle cerebral artery occlusion, where a long filament was advanced intraluminally through a guide cannula in the common carotid artery. Transcallosal stimulation evoked increases in blood flow, tissue oxygenation and neuronal activity, which were diminished by middle cerebral artery occlusion and partially restored during reperfusion. These evoked responses were not affected by administration of the thrombolytic alteplase at clinically used doses. Evoked cerebral blood flow responses were fully restored at 24 h post-middle cerebral artery occlusion indicating that neurovascular dysfunction was not sustained. These data show for the first time that the rat remote middle cerebral artery occlusion model coupled with transcallosal stimulation provides a novel method for continuous assessment of hyperacute neurovascular coupling changes during ischaemia and reperfusion, and offers unique insight into hyperacute ischaemic pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brad A Sutherland
- Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Jonas C Fordsmann
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Chris Martin
- Cancer Research UK and Medical Research Council Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Psychology, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Ain A Neuhaus
- Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Brent M Witgen
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henning Piilgaard
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Micael Lønstrup
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Yvonne Couch
- Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Nicola R Sibson
- Cancer Research UK and Medical Research Council Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Martin Lauritzen
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Glostrup Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark
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Kim WJ, Kim JW, Moon YJ, Kim SH, Hwang GS, Shin WJ. The photoplethysmographic amplitude to pulse pressure ratio can track sudden changes in vascular compliance and resistance during liver graft reperfusion: A beat-to-beat analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e7045. [PMID: 28562562 PMCID: PMC5459727 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000007045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
During liver transplantation, the thermodilution cardiac output (CO) technique cannot respond to sudden hemodynamic changes associated with postreperfusion syndrome. Photoplethysmography (PPG) can reflect changes in intravascular volume and thus can be used to assess vasomotor tone and arterial stiffness on the pressure-volume relation. We investigated whether a beat-to-beat analysis of the arterial pressure-PPG relationship can estimate dynamic changes in vascular characteristics immediately after liver graft reperfusion.In 10 recipients, arterial blood pressure and PPG waveforms recorded simultaneously were analyzed from the beginning of fall to nadir in systolic blood pressure immediately after reperfusion. On a beat-to-beat basis, we compared the ratio of the amplitude of PPG to arterial pulse pressure (PPGamp/PP, as relative vascular compliance) to total peripheral resistance (TPR) and Windkessel compliance (Cwk) obtained from the Modelflow CO algorithm.Following graft reperfusion, PPGamp/PP and Cwk increased (median 41.5%; P = .005 and 42.0%; P < .001, respectively), whereas TPR decreased (median -46.4%; P < .001). Beat-to-beat PPGamp/PP was negatively correlated with TPR (median r = -0.80 [95% CI -0.85 to -0.76] on linear regression and r = 0.84 [95% CI 0.73-0.92] on curvilinear regression), and was positively correlated with Cwk (median r = 0.86 [95% CI 0.81-0.91] on linear regression and r = 0.88 [95% CI 0.75-0.96] on curvilinear regression).Our results suggest that relative compliance, obtained from beat-to-beat analysis of PPG and arterial pressure waveforms, can track abrupt changes in vascular characteristics associated with postreperfusion syndrome. This simple index would contribute to differential diagnoses of sudden hypotension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wook-Jong Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Laboratory for Cardiovascular Dynamics and Signal Processing, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - Jung-Won Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon, Korea
| | - Young-Jin Moon
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Laboratory for Cardiovascular Dynamics and Signal Processing, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - Sung-Hoon Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Laboratory for Cardiovascular Dynamics and Signal Processing, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - Gyu-Sam Hwang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Laboratory for Cardiovascular Dynamics and Signal Processing, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
| | - Won-Jung Shin
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Laboratory for Cardiovascular Dynamics and Signal Processing, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul
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143
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Zanoni DS, Da Silva GA, Ezra‐Elia R, Carvalho M, Quitzan JG, Ofri R, Laus JL, Laufer‐Amorim R. Histological, morphometric, protein and gene expression analyses of rat retinas with ischaemia-reperfusion injury model treated with sildenafil citrate. Int J Exp Pathol 2017; 98:147-157. [PMID: 28849621 PMCID: PMC5573770 DOI: 10.1111/iep.12233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to better understand the role of apoptosis in a retinal ischaemia-reperfusion injury model and to determine whether sildenafil citrate treatment can prevent retinal cell apoptosis. Thirty-six rats were divided into a control group (n = 6) and two experimentally induced ischaemia-reperfusion groups (7 and 21 days; n = 15 per group). The induced ischaemia-reperfusion groups were treated with sildenafil for 7 and 21 days (n = 10 per group), and 10 animals were treated with a placebo for the same period (n = 5 per group). Paracentesis of the anterior chamber was performed with a 30-G needle attached to a saline solution (0.9%) bag positioned at a height of 150 cm above the eye for 60 min. Intraocular pressure was measured by rebound tonometer (TonoVet® ). The eyes were analysed by histology and morphometry, and by immunohistochemistry and qRT-PCR for expression of Caspase-7, Caspase-6, Caspase-9, Tnf-r2, Fas-l, Bcl-2 and Bax. Sildenafil-treated animals showed lower levels of histopathological changes (inflammatory, cellular and tissue) than their placebo-treated counterparts at both 7 and 21 days. The retinal ganglion cell layer (RGC) was preserved in the sildenafil groups (SG), with a cell count closer to control than in the placebo groups (PG). Caspase-7 expression was significantly higher in both treated groups at 7 days compared to controls. Gene expression levels in both treatment groups differed from the controls, but in SG Bax and Caspase-6 expression levels were similar to control animals. These results suggest that the main mechanism of retinal cell death in this model is apoptosis, as there is an increase in pro-apoptotic factors and decrease in the anti-apoptotic ones. Also, sildenafil seems to protect the retinal ganglion cell layer from apoptosis. Cell survival was evident in the histological and morphometric analyses, and sildenafil treatment had a protective effect in the apoptosis pathways, with gene expression levels in SG similar to the controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diogo S. Zanoni
- Department of Veterinary ClinicSchool of Veterinary Medicine and Animal ScienceUniversity Estadual PaulistaBotucatuSPBrazil
| | - Germana A. Da Silva
- Department of Veterinary Clinic and SurgerySchool of Veterinary Medicine and Animal ScienceUniversity Estadual PaulistaJaboticabalSPBrazil
| | - Raaya Ezra‐Elia
- Koret School of Veterinary MedicineThe Hebrew University of JerusalemIsrael
| | - Márcio Carvalho
- Department of Veterinary ClinicSchool of Veterinary Medicine and Animal ScienceUniversity Estadual PaulistaBotucatuSPBrazil
| | - Juliany G. Quitzan
- Department of Surgery and AnesthesiologySchool of Veterinary Medicine and Animal ScienceUniversity Estadual PaulistaBotucatuSPBrazil
| | - Ron Ofri
- Koret School of Veterinary MedicineThe Hebrew University of JerusalemIsrael
| | - José L. Laus
- Department of Veterinary Clinic and SurgerySchool of Veterinary Medicine and Animal ScienceUniversity Estadual PaulistaJaboticabalSPBrazil
| | - Renee Laufer‐Amorim
- Department of Veterinary ClinicSchool of Veterinary Medicine and Animal ScienceUniversity Estadual PaulistaBotucatuSPBrazil
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144
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Shao Q, Casin KM, Mackowski N, Murphy E, Steenbergen C, Kohr MJ. Adenosine A1 receptor activation increases myocardial protein S-nitrosothiols and elicits protection from ischemia-reperfusion injury in male and female hearts. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0177315. [PMID: 28493997 PMCID: PMC5426678 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0177315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) plays an important role in cardioprotection, and recent work from our group and others has implicated protein S-nitrosylation (SNO) as a critical component of NO-mediated protection in different models, including ischemic pre- and post-conditioning and sex-dependent cardioprotection. However, studies have yet to examine whether protein SNO levels are similarly increased with pharmacologic preconditioning in male and female hearts, and whether an increase in protein SNO levels, which is protective in male hearts, is sufficient to increase baseline protection in female hearts. Therefore, we pharmacologically preconditioned male and female hearts with the adenosine A1 receptor agonist N6-cyclohexyl adenosine (CHA). CHA administration prior to ischemia significantly improved functional recovery in both male and female hearts compared to baseline in a Langendorff-perfused heart model of ischemia-reperfusion injury (% of preischemic function ± SE: male baseline: 37.5±3.4% vs. male CHA: 55.3±3.2%; female baseline: 61.4±5.7% vs. female CHA: 76.0±6.2%). In a separate set of hearts, we found that CHA increased p-Akt and p-eNOS levels. We also used SNO-resin-assisted capture with LC-MS/MS to identify SNO proteins in male and female hearts, and determined that CHA perfusion induced a modest increase in protein SNO levels in both male (11.4%) and female (12.3%) hearts compared to baseline. These findings support a potential role for protein SNO in a model of pharmacologic preconditioning, and provide evidence to suggest that a modest increase in protein SNO levels is sufficient to protect both male and female hearts from ischemic injury. In addition, a number of the SNO proteins identified with CHA treatment were also observed with other forms of cardioprotective stimuli in prior studies, further supporting a role for protein SNO in cardioprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Shao
- Department of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Kevin M. Casin
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Nathan Mackowski
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth Murphy
- Systems Biology Center, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Charles Steenbergen
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Mark J. Kohr
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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145
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He Z, Lu H, Yang X, Zhang L, Wu Y, Niu W, Ding L, Wang G, Tong S, Jia J. Hypoperfusion Induced by Preconditioning Treadmill Training in Hyper-Early Reperfusion After Cerebral Ischemia: A Laser Speckle Imaging Study. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2017; 65:219-223. [PMID: 28463182 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2017.2695229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Exercise preconditioning induces neuroprotective effects during cerebral ischemia and reperfusion, which involves the recovery of cerebral blood flow (CBF). Mechanisms underlying the neuroprotective effects of re-established CBF following ischemia and reperfusion are unclear. The present study investigated CBF in hyper-early stage of reperfusion by laser speckle contrast imaging, a full-field high-resolution optical imaging technique. Rats with or without treadmill training were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion followed by reperfusion. CBF in arteries, veins, and capillaries in hyper-early stage of reperfusion (1, 2, and 3 h after reperfusion) and in subacute stage (24 h after reperfusion) were measured. Neurological scoring and 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining were further applied to determine the neuroprotective effects of exercise preconditioning. In hyper-early stage of reperfusion, CBF in the rats with exercise preconditioning was reduced significantly in arteries and veins, respectively, compared to rats with no exercise preconditioning. Capillary CBF remained stable in the hyper-early stage of reperfusion, though it increased significantly 24 h after reperfusion in the rats with exercise preconditioning. As a neuroprotective strategy, exercise preconditioning reduced the blood perfusion of arteries and veins in the hyper-early stage of reperfusion, which indicated intervention-induced neuroprotective hypoperfusion after reperfusion onset.
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146
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Xu Z, Zhou J, Liang H, Luo B, Liu P. A case of cerebral hyperperfusion following spontaneous recanalization of occluded middle cerebral artery: Reperfusion injury or true cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome? Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e6740. [PMID: 28445296 PMCID: PMC5413261 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000006740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome (CHS) and reperfusion injury are distinct pathological phenomena. CASE SUMMARY We present the case of a young ischemic stroke patient with middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion and spontaneous recanalization. Follow-up transcranial Doppler ultrasound showed high velocity flow in the left MCA, and neuroimaging revealed infarction, brain edema, artery dilatation, and hyperperfusion, consistent with both CHS and reperfusion injury. CONCLUSION In cases with signs of both CHS and reperfusion injury, we speculate that CHS may be both a contributor to and a manifestation of reperfusion injury.
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147
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Francioli C, Wang X, Parapanov R, Abdelnour E, Lugrin J, Gronchi F, Perentes J, Eckert P, Ris HB, Piquilloud L, Krueger T, Liaudet L. Pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate administered during ex-vivo lung perfusion promotes rehabilitation of injured donor rat lungs obtained after prolonged warm ischemia. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0173916. [PMID: 28323904 PMCID: PMC5360331 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Damaged lung grafts obtained after circulatory death (DCD lungs) and warm ischemia may be at high risk of reperfusion injury after transplantation. Such lungs could be pharmacologically reconditioned using ex-vivo lung perfusion (EVLP). Since acute inflammation related to the activation of nuclear factor kappaB (NF-κB) is instrumental in lung reperfusion injury, we hypothesized that DCD lungs might be treated during EVLP by pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC), an inhibitor of NF-κB. Rat lungs exposed to 1h warm ischemia and 2 h cold ischemia were subjected to EVLP during 4h, in absence (CTRL group, N = 6) or in presence of PDTC (2.5g/L, PDTC group, N = 6). Static pulmonary compliance (SPC), peak airway pressure (PAWP), pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR), and oxygenation capacity were determined during EVLP. After EVLP, we measured the weight gain of the heart-lung block (edema), and the concentration of LDH (cell damage), proteins (permeability edema) and of the cytokines IL-6, TNF-α and CINC-1 in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), and we evaluated NF-κB activation by the degree of phosphorylation and degradation of its inhibitor IκBα in lung tissue. In CTRL, we found significant NF-κB activation, lung edema, and a massive release of LDH, proteins and cytokines. SPC significantly decreased, PAWP and PVR increased, while oxygenation tended to decrease. Treatment with PDTC during EVLP inhibited NF-κB activation, did not influence LDH release, but markedly reduced lung edema and protein concentration in BAL, suppressed TNFα and IL-6 release, and abrogated the changes in SPC, PAWP and PVR, with unchanged oxygenation. In conclusion, suppression of innate immune activation during EVLP using the NF-κB inhibitor PDTC promotes significant improvement of damaged rat DCD lungs. Future studies will determine if such rehabilitated lungs are suitable for in vivo transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyril Francioli
- Service of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Medical Center and Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Xingyu Wang
- Service of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Medical Center and Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Roumen Parapanov
- Service of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Medical Center and Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Service of Adult Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Medical Center and Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Etienne Abdelnour
- Service of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Medical Center and Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jérôme Lugrin
- Service of Adult Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Medical Center and Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Fabrizio Gronchi
- Service of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Medical Center and Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jean Perentes
- Service of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Medical Center and Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Eckert
- Service of Adult Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Medical Center and Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Hans-Beat Ris
- Service of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Medical Center and Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lise Piquilloud
- Service of Adult Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Medical Center and Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Thorsten Krueger
- Service of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Medical Center and Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lucas Liaudet
- Service of Adult Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Medical Center and Faculty of Biology and Medicine, Lausanne, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
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148
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Delay C, Paradis S, Charles AL, Thaveau F, Chenesseau B, Zoll J, Chakfe N, Geny B, Lejay A. [Skeletal muscle ischemia-reperfusion and ischemic conditioning pathophysiology-clinical applications for the vascular surgeon]. J Med Vasc 2017; 42:29-38. [PMID: 27989659 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmv.2016.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion, which is characterized by deficient oxygen supply and subsequent restoration of blood flow, can cause irreversible damage to tissue. The vascular surgeon is daily faced with ischemia-reperfusion situations. Indeed, arterial clamping induces ischemia, followed by reperfusion when declamping. Mechanisms underlying ischemia-reperfusion injury are complex and multifactorial. Increases in cellular calcium and reactive oxygen species, initiated during ischemia and then amplified upon reperfusion are thought to be the main mediators of reperfusion injury. Mitochondrial dysfunction also plays an important role. Extensive research has focused on increasing skeletal muscle tolerance to ischemia-reperfusion injury, especially through the use of ischemic conditioning strategies. The purpose of this review is to focus on the cellular responses associated with ischemia-reperfusion, as well as to discuss the effects of ischemic conditioning strategies. This would help the vascular surgeon in daily practice, in order to try to improve surgical outcome in the setting of ischemia-reperfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Delay
- Service de chirurgie vasculaire et transplantation rénale, nouvel hôpital civil, 1, place de l'Hôpital, BP 426, 67091 Strasbourg, France
| | - S Paradis
- Unité EA 3072 « Mitochondries, stress oxydant et protection musculaire », université de Strasbourg, 4, rue Kirschleger, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - A L Charles
- Unité EA 3072 « Mitochondries, stress oxydant et protection musculaire », université de Strasbourg, 4, rue Kirschleger, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - F Thaveau
- Service de chirurgie vasculaire et transplantation rénale, nouvel hôpital civil, 1, place de l'Hôpital, BP 426, 67091 Strasbourg, France
| | - B Chenesseau
- Service de chirurgie vasculaire et transplantation rénale, nouvel hôpital civil, 1, place de l'Hôpital, BP 426, 67091 Strasbourg, France
| | - J Zoll
- Unité EA 3072 « Mitochondries, stress oxydant et protection musculaire », université de Strasbourg, 4, rue Kirschleger, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - N Chakfe
- Service de chirurgie vasculaire et transplantation rénale, nouvel hôpital civil, 1, place de l'Hôpital, BP 426, 67091 Strasbourg, France; Unité EA 3072 « Mitochondries, stress oxydant et protection musculaire », université de Strasbourg, 4, rue Kirschleger, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - B Geny
- Unité EA 3072 « Mitochondries, stress oxydant et protection musculaire », université de Strasbourg, 4, rue Kirschleger, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - A Lejay
- Service de chirurgie vasculaire et transplantation rénale, nouvel hôpital civil, 1, place de l'Hôpital, BP 426, 67091 Strasbourg, France; Unité EA 3072 « Mitochondries, stress oxydant et protection musculaire », université de Strasbourg, 4, rue Kirschleger, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
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149
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Otis JP, Pike AC, Torrealba JR, Carey HV. Hibernation reduces cellular damage caused by warm hepatic ischemia-reperfusion in ground squirrels. J Comp Physiol B 2017; 187:639-648. [PMID: 28144740 DOI: 10.1007/s00360-017-1056-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Revised: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
During the hibernation season, livers from 13-lined ground squirrels (Ictidomys tridecemlineatus) are resistant to damage induced by ex vivo, cold ischemia-warm reperfusion (IR) compared with livers from summer squirrels or rats. Here, we tested the hypothesis that hibernation also reduces damage to ground squirrel livers in an in vivo, warm IR model, which more closely resembles complications associated with traumatic injury or surgical interventions. We also examined whether protection is mediated by two metabolites, inosine and biliverdin, that are elevated in ground squirrel liver during interbout arousals. Active squirrels in spring and hibernators during natural arousals to euthermia (body temperature 37 °C) were subject to liver IR or sham treatments. A subset of hibernating squirrels was pre-treated with compounds that inhibit inosine synthesis/signaling or biliverdin production. This model of liver IR successfully induced hepatocellular damage as indicated by increased plasma liver enzymes (ALT, AST) and hepatocyte apoptosis index compared to sham in both seasons, with greater elevations in spring squirrels. In addition, liver congestion increased after IR to a similar degree in spring and hibernating groups. Microvesicular steatosis was not affected by IR within the same season but was greater in sham squirrels in both seasons. Plasma IL-6 increased ~twofold in hibernators pre-treated with a biliverdin synthesis inhibitor (SnPP) prior to IR, but was not altered by IR in untreated squirrels. The results show that hibernation provides protection to ground squirrel livers subject to warm IR. Further research is needed to clarify mechanisms responsible for endogenous protection of liver tissue under ischemic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica P Otis
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2015 Linden Drive, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Amanda C Pike
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2015 Linden Drive, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Jose R Torrealba
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Hannah V Carey
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2015 Linden Drive, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
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150
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Zhou CC, Ge YZ, Yao WT, Wu R, Xin H, Lu TZ, Li MH, Song KW, Wang M, Zhu YP, Zhu M, Geng LG, Gao XF, Zhou LH, Zhang SL, Zhu JG, Jia RP. Limited Clinical Utility of Remote Ischemic Conditioning in Renal Transplantation: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0170729. [PMID: 28129389 PMCID: PMC5271340 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We conducted this meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to investigate whether remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) could improve graft functions in kidney transplantation. METHODS PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were comprehensively searched to identify all eligible studies by October 5, 2016. The treatment effects were examined with risk ratio (RR) and weighted mean difference with the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI). The statistical significance and heterogeneity were assessed with both Z-test and Q-test. RESULTS A total of six RCTs including 651 recipients, were eventually identified. Compared to the controls, RIC could reduce the incidence of delayed graft function (DGF) after kidney transplantation (random-effects model: RR = 0.89; fixed-effect model: RR = 0.84). However, the decrease did not reveal statistical significance. The subgroup analysis by RIC type demonstrated no significant difference among the three interventions in protecting renal allografts against DGF. Furthermore, no significant difference could be observed in the incidence of acute rejection, graft loss, 50% fall in serum creatinine, as well as the estimated glomerular filtration rate and hospital stay between the RIC and Control groups. CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis suggested that RIC might exert renoprotective functions in human kidney transplantation, and further well-designed RCTs with large sample size are warranted to assess its clinical efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Cheng Zhou
- Center for Renal Transplantation, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu-Zheng Ge
- Center for Renal Transplantation, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wen-Tao Yao
- Center for Renal Transplantation, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ran Wu
- Center for Renal Transplantation, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hui Xin
- Center for Renal Transplantation, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tian-Ze Lu
- Center for Renal Transplantation, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ming-Hao Li
- Center for Renal Transplantation, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kai-Wei Song
- Center for Renal Transplantation, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Min Wang
- Center for Renal Transplantation, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yun-Peng Zhu
- Center for Renal Transplantation, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Meng Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li-Guo Geng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao-Fei Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liu-Hua Zhou
- Center for Renal Transplantation, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Sheng-Li Zhang
- Center for Renal Transplantation, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jia-Geng Zhu
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rui-Peng Jia
- Center for Renal Transplantation, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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