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Harbuz I, Banciu DD, David R, Cercel C, Cotîrță O, Ciurea BM, Radu SM, Dinescu S, Jinga SI, Banciu A. Perspectives on Scaffold Designs with Roles in Liver Cell Asymmetry and Medical and Industrial Applications by Using a New Type of Specialized 3D Bioprinter. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14722. [PMID: 37834167 PMCID: PMC10573170 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular asymmetry is an important element of efficiency in the compartmentalization of intracellular chemical reactions that ensure efficient tissue function. Improving the current 3D printing methods by using cellular asymmetry is essential in producing complex tissues and organs such as the liver. The use of cell spots containing at least two cells and basement membrane-like bio support materials allows cells to be tethered at two points on the basement membrane and with another cell in order to maintain cell asymmetry. Our model is a new type of 3D bioprinter that uses oriented multicellular complexes with cellular asymmetry. This novel approach is necessary to replace the sequential and slow processes of organogenesis with rapid methods of growth and 3D organ printing. The use of the extracellular matrix in the process of bioprinting with cells allows one to preserve the cellular asymmetry in the 3D printing process and thus preserve the compartmentalization of biological processes and metabolic efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iuliana Harbuz
- Department of Biomaterials and Medical Devices, Faculty of Medical Engineering, Politehnica University of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh. Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (I.H.); (O.C.); (B.M.C.); (S.I.J.)
| | - Daniel Dumitru Banciu
- Department of Biomaterials and Medical Devices, Faculty of Medical Engineering, Politehnica University of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh. Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (I.H.); (O.C.); (B.M.C.); (S.I.J.)
| | - Rodica David
- Institute for Research on the Quality of Society and the Sciences of Education, University Constantin Brancusi of Targu Jiu, Republicii 1, 210185 Targu Jiu, Romania;
- Department of Mechanical Industrial and Transportation Engineering, University of Petrosani, 332006 Petrosani, Romania; (S.M.R.); (S.D.)
| | - Cristina Cercel
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila” Bucharest, 37 Dionisie Lupu Street, 020021 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Octavian Cotîrță
- Department of Biomaterials and Medical Devices, Faculty of Medical Engineering, Politehnica University of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh. Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (I.H.); (O.C.); (B.M.C.); (S.I.J.)
| | - Bogdan Marius Ciurea
- Department of Biomaterials and Medical Devices, Faculty of Medical Engineering, Politehnica University of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh. Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (I.H.); (O.C.); (B.M.C.); (S.I.J.)
| | - Sorin Mihai Radu
- Department of Mechanical Industrial and Transportation Engineering, University of Petrosani, 332006 Petrosani, Romania; (S.M.R.); (S.D.)
| | - Stela Dinescu
- Department of Mechanical Industrial and Transportation Engineering, University of Petrosani, 332006 Petrosani, Romania; (S.M.R.); (S.D.)
| | - Sorin Ion Jinga
- Department of Biomaterials and Medical Devices, Faculty of Medical Engineering, Politehnica University of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh. Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (I.H.); (O.C.); (B.M.C.); (S.I.J.)
| | - Adela Banciu
- Department of Biomaterials and Medical Devices, Faculty of Medical Engineering, Politehnica University of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh. Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (I.H.); (O.C.); (B.M.C.); (S.I.J.)
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Cai P, Ni R, Lv M, Liu H, Zhao J, He J, Luo L. VEGF signaling governs the initiation of biliary-mediated liver regeneration through the PI3K-mTORC1 axis. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113028. [PMID: 37632748 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Biliary epithelial cells (BECs) are a potential source to repair the damaged liver when hepatocyte proliferation is compromised. Promotion of BEC-to-hepatocyte transdifferentiation could be beneficial to the clinical therapeutics of patients with end-stage liver diseases. However, mechanisms underlying the initiation of BEC transdifferentiation remain largely unknown. Here, we show that upon extreme hepatocyte injury, vegfaa and vegfr2/kdrl are notably induced in hepatic stellate cells and BECs, respectively. Pharmacological and genetic inactivation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling would disrupt BEC dedifferentiation and proliferation, thus restraining hepatocyte regeneration. Mechanically, VEGF signaling regulates the activation of the PI3K-mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) axis, which is essential for BEC-to-hepatocyte transdifferentiation. In mice, VEGF signaling exerts conserved roles in oval cell activation and BEC-to-hepatocyte differentiation. Taken together, this study shows VEGF signaling as an initiator of biliary-mediated liver regeneration through activating the PI3K-mTORC1 axis. Modulation of VEGF signaling in BECs could be a therapeutic approach for patients with end-stage liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng Cai
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Rui Ni
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Mengzhu Lv
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Huijuan Liu
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jieqiong Zhao
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jianbo He
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Lingfei Luo
- Institute of Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China; School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China.
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203
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Xu Y, Zhu Y, Wu Z, Li S, Shao M, Tao Q, Xu Q, Chen Y, Shu Y, Chen M, Zhou Y, Shi Y. Hepatocyte-specific HDAC3 ablation promotes hepatocellular carcinoma in females by suppressing Foxa1/2. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:906. [PMID: 37752418 PMCID: PMC10521566 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11393-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common primary liver cancer, prevails mainly in males and has long been attributed to androgens and higher circumstantial levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) produced by resident hepatic macrophages. METHODS Constitutively hepatocyte-specific histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3)-deficient (HDAC3LCKO) mice and constitutively hepatocyte-specific HDAC3 knockout and systemic IL-6 simultaneously ablated (HDAC3LCKO& IL-6-/-) mice were used in our study to explore the causes of sex differences in HCC. Additionally, we performed human HCC tissues with an IHC score. Correlation analysis and linear regression plots were constructed to reveal the association between HDAC3 and its candidate genes. To further elucidate that HDAC3 controls the expression of Foxa1/2, we knocked down HDAC3 in HUH7 liver cancer cells. RESULTS We observed a contrary sex disparity, with an earlier onset and higher incidence of HCC in female mice when HDAC3 was selectively ablated in the liver. Loss of HDAC3 led to constant liver injury and the spontaneous development of HCC. Unlike the significant elevation of IL-6 in male mice at a very early age, female mice exhibit stable IL-6 levels, and IL-6 ablation did not eliminate the sex disparity in hepatocarcinogenesis in HDAC3-deficient mice. Oestrogen often protects the liver when combined with oestrogen receptor alpha (ERα); however, ovariectomy in HDAC3-ablated female mice significantly delayed tumourigenesis. The oestrogen-ERα axis can also play a role in tumour promotion in the absence of Foxa1 and Foxa2 in the receptor complex. Loss of HDAC3 profoundly reduced the expression of both Foxa1 and Foxa2 and impaired the binding between Foxa1/2 and ERα. Furthermore, a more frequent HDAC3 decrease accompanied by the simultaneous Foxa1/2 decline was found in female HCC compared to that in male HCC. CONCLUSION In summary, we reported that loss of HDAC3 reduces Foxa1/2 and thus promotes HCC development in females in an oestrogen-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahong Xu
- Department of Pathology & Institute of Clinical Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, West China Hospital, NHC, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yongjie Zhu
- Department of Targeting Therapy & Immunology and Laboratory of Animal Tumor Models, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zhenru Wu
- Department of Pathology & Institute of Clinical Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, West China Hospital, NHC, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Shengfu Li
- Department of Pathology & Institute of Clinical Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, West China Hospital, NHC, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Mingyang Shao
- Department of Pathology & Institute of Clinical Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, West China Hospital, NHC, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Qing Tao
- Department of Pathology & Institute of Clinical Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, West China Hospital, NHC, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Qing Xu
- Department of Pathology & Institute of Clinical Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, West China Hospital, NHC, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yuwei Chen
- Department of Pathology & Institute of Clinical Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, West China Hospital, NHC, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yuke Shu
- Department of Pathology & Institute of Clinical Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, West China Hospital, NHC, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Menglin Chen
- Department of Pathology & Institute of Clinical Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, West China Hospital, NHC, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yongjie Zhou
- Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yujun Shi
- Department of Pathology & Institute of Clinical Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, West China Hospital, NHC, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Septiana WL, Noviantari A, Antarianto RD. Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (Ipscs) Based Liver Organoid: the Benefits and Challenges. Cell Physiol Biochem 2023; 57:345-359. [PMID: 37767740 DOI: 10.33594/000000662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The liver is the main metabolic organ and functions to regulate many physiological functions in the human body. Approximately 70% of liver mass consists of hepatic cells (hepatocytes), which execute the liver's metabolic processes. When liver damage progresses to a chronic condition, such as end-stage liver disease (ESLD) or cirrhosis of the liver, the patient's only option for therapy is organ transplantation if the supply of available transplanted organs is insufficient to meet the patient's needs. The fundamental objective of the search for alternatives to organ transplantation has been to make liver tissue replacement more accessible and to produce hepatic and bioartificial liver tissue. Multiple hepatic cell lineages can be formed from human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) from embryoid bodies to become mature hepatocytes. hiPSCs also show a promising source for manufacturing human liver spheroids and are made to produce three-dimensional hepatobiliary organoids, and in some ways, it also briefly highlights important features of early hepatogenesis. Unquestionably, the art of cell culture has evolved to include the use of organoid technology as a resource for learning human biology in the context of health and illness. Organoids are essentially miniature organs that can grow in a three-dimensional matrix to resemble genuine organs in terms of both structure and function. This review summarized alternative protocols to differentiate hepatocytes from iPSC and to produce liver organoids based on iPSC in various ways. The growth of human iPSCs into liver organoids has been accomplished using several procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wahyunia Likhayati Septiana
- Program Doktor Ilmu Biomedik Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
- Department of Histology Faculty of Medicine Universitas Gunadarma, Depok, Indonesia
| | - Ariyani Noviantari
- National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong, Bogor, Indonesia
- Centre for Research and Development of Biomedical and Basic Health Technology, National Institute of Health Research and Development (NIHRD), Ministry of Health, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Radiana Dhewayani Antarianto
- Department of Histology Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia,
- Stem cell and tissue engineering research centre (SCTE) IMERI, Jakarta, Indonesia
- Program Doktor Ilmu Biomedik Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
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205
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Liu Y, Lin M, Mu X, Qin L, Deng J, Liu Y, Wu X, He W, Pang H, Han F, Sun C, Nie X. Protective effect of solanesol in glucose-induced hepatocyte injury: Mechanistic insights on oxidative stress and mitochondrial preservation. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 383:110676. [PMID: 37586544 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Solanesol is a tetra sesquiterpene enol with various biological activities. Modern medical studies have confirmed that solanesol has the function of lipid antioxidation and scavenges free radicals. This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of solanesol against oxidative damage induced by high glucose on human normal hepatocytes (L-02 cells) and its possible mechanism. The results showed that solanesol could effectively improve the decrease of cell viability induced by high glucose, decrease the contents of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the extracellular medium, increased the enzyme activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), balanced the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cells, inhibited lipid peroxidation of all kinds of biological membranes, and restored mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). In addition, Solanesol also inhibited the expression of Keap1, promoted the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 by hydrogen bonding with Nrf2, and activated the expression of downstream antioxidant factors NQO1 and HO-1. Altogether, these findings suggest that solanesol may be a potential protectant against diabetic liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqiu Liu
- Key Lab of the Basic Pharmacology of the Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563006, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563006, China
| | - Musen Lin
- Zunyi Tobacco Monopoly Bureau, Zunyi, 563000, China
| | - Xingrui Mu
- Key Lab of the Basic Pharmacology of the Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563006, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563006, China
| | - Lin Qin
- College of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563006, China
| | - Junyu Deng
- Key Lab of the Basic Pharmacology of the Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563006, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563006, China
| | - Ye Liu
- Key Lab of the Basic Pharmacology of the Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563006, China; College of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563006, China
| | - Xingqian Wu
- Key Lab of the Basic Pharmacology of the Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563006, China; College of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563006, China
| | - Wenjie He
- Key Lab of the Basic Pharmacology of the Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563006, China; College of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563006, China
| | - Huiwen Pang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Felicity Han
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Chengxin Sun
- College of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563006, China
| | - Xuqiang Nie
- Key Lab of the Basic Pharmacology of the Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563006, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563006, China; College of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563006, China; Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.
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206
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Zhu Y, Li J, Zhang P, Peng B, Li C, Ming Y, Liu H. Berberine protects hepatocyte from hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced injury through inhibiting circDNTTIP2. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16080. [PMID: 37780378 PMCID: PMC10538280 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background During hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury, the excessive release of inflammatory cytokines can activate the intracellular signal transduction cascade to induce hepatocyte injury. Apoptosis is an important way of cell death after I/R injury. Berberine, a common quaternary ammonium alkaloid, has anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative stress, and anti-apoptotic effects. An increasing number of studies have revealed the importance of non-coding RNAs, including microRNA, long non-coding RNAs and circular RNAs (circRNAs), as regulators of the effects of berberine. Purpose In this study, we investigated the mechanism of berberine against liver ischemia-reperfusion injury in vitro. Study Design and Methods In this study, hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R)-treated L02 cells were pretreated with berberine to study the role and mechanism of berberine in resisting hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury. Results The results show that berberine pre-treatment increased the cell viability of H/R-challenged cells, reduced H/R-induced apoptosis and ROS production, reversed H/R-increased on IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, and H/R-decreased IL-10 expression. Mechanically, berberine protect hepatocyte from H/R injury, at least partially, through circDNTTIP2. In addition, circDNTTIP2 can bind to the TATA box of caspase3 promoter, thereby promoting caspase 3-related cell apoptosis and the release of inflammatory cytokines. Conclusion This study found that berberine has a protective effect on H/R-induced hepatocyte damage by inhibiting a novel circRNA, circDNTTIP2. This study provides potential treatment strategies and treatment targets for liver ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhu
- The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Engineering and Technology Research Center for Transplantation Medicine of National Health Commission, Changsha, China
| | - Junhui Li
- The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Engineering and Technology Research Center for Transplantation Medicine of National Health Commission, Changsha, China
| | - Pengpeng Zhang
- The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Engineering and Technology Research Center for Transplantation Medicine of National Health Commission, Changsha, China
| | - Bo Peng
- The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Engineering and Technology Research Center for Transplantation Medicine of National Health Commission, Changsha, China
| | - Cai Li
- The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Engineering and Technology Research Center for Transplantation Medicine of National Health Commission, Changsha, China
| | - Yingzi Ming
- The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Engineering and Technology Research Center for Transplantation Medicine of National Health Commission, Changsha, China
| | - Hong Liu
- The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Engineering and Technology Research Center for Transplantation Medicine of National Health Commission, Changsha, China
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207
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Razmara P, Zink L, Doering JA, Miller JGP, Wiseman SB, Pyle GG. The Combined Effect of Copper Nanoparticles and Microplastics on Transcripts Involved in Oxidative Stress Pathway in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) Hepatocytes. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2023; 111:47. [PMID: 37740756 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-023-03811-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) and microplastics (MPs) are two emerging contaminants of freshwater systems. Despite their co-occurrence in many water bodies, the combined effects of CuNPs and MPs on aquatic organisms are not well-investigated. In this study, primary cultures of rainbow trout hepatocytes were exposed to dissolved Cu, CuNPs, MPs, or a combination of MPs and CuNPs for 48 h, and the transcript abundances of oxidative stress-related genes were investigated. Exposure to CuNPs or dissolved Cu resulted in a significant increase in the transcript abundances of two antioxidant enzymes, catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Exposure to CuNPs also led to an upregulation in the expression of Na+/K+ ATPase alpha 1 subunit (ATP1A1). Microplastics alone or in combination with CuNPs did not have a significant effect on abundances of the target gene transcripts. Overall, our findings suggested acute exposure to CuNPs or dissolved ions may induce oxidative stress in hepatocytes, and the Cu-induced effect on target gene transcripts was not associated with MPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parastoo Razmara
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2E9, Canada.
| | - Lauren Zink
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - Jon A Doering
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Justin G P Miller
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - Steve B Wiseman
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - Gregory G Pyle
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
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208
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Zhang L, Dong Y, Zhang L, Wang M, Zhou Y, Jia K, Wang S, Wang M, Li Y, Luo S, Lu S, Fan Y, Zhang D, Yang Y, Li N, Yu Y, Cao X, Hou J. Mitochondrial IRG1 traps MCL-1 to induce hepatocyte apoptosis and promote carcinogenesis. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:625. [PMID: 37737207 PMCID: PMC10517141 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06155-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocarcinogenesis is initiated by repeated hepatocyte death and liver damage, and the underlying mechanisms mediating cell death and the subsequent carcinogenesis remain to be fully investigated. Immunoresponsive gene 1 (IRG1) and its enzymatic metabolite itaconate are known to suppress inflammation in myeloid cells, and its expression in liver parenchymal hepatocytes is currently determined. However, the potential roles of IRG1 in hepatocarcinogenesis are still unknown. Here, using the diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced hepatocarcinogenesis mouse model, we found that IRG1 expression in hepatocytes was markedly induced upon DEN administration. The DEN-induced IRG1 was then determined to promote the intrinsic mitochondrial apoptosis of hepatocytes and liver damage, thus enhancing the subsequent hepatocarcinogenesis. Mechanistically, the mitochondrial IRG1 could associate and trap anti-apoptotic MCL-1 to inhibit the interaction between MCL-1 and pro-apoptotic Bim, thus promoting Bim activation and downstream Bax mitochondrial translocation, and then releasing cytochrome c and initiating apoptosis. Thus, the inducible mitochondrial IRG1 promotes hepatocyte apoptosis and the following hepatocarcinogenesis, which provides mechanistic insight and a potential target for preventing liver injury and HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyuan Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology & Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yue Dong
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology & Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Luxin Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology & Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Minjun Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, Center for Stem Cell and Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Ye Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology & Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Kaiwei Jia
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology & Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Suyuan Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology & Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Mu Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology & Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yunhui Li
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology & Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Shudan Luo
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology & Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Shan Lu
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology & Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yiwen Fan
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology & Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Dingji Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology & Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yingyun Yang
- Center for Immunotherapy, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Nan Li
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology & Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yizhi Yu
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology & Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Xuetao Cao
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology & Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
- Center for Immunotherapy, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100005, China.
| | - Jin Hou
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology & Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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209
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Cottier KE, Bhalerao D, Lewis C, Gaffney J, Heyward SA. Micropatterned primary hepatocyte co-culture (HEPATOPAC) for fatty liver disease modeling and drug screening. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15837. [PMID: 37739978 PMCID: PMC10517001 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42785-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a highly prevalent, progressive disorder and growing public health concern. To address this issue considerable research has been undertaken in pursuit of new NAFLD therapeutics. Development of effective, high-throughput in vitro models is an important aspect of drug discovery. Here, a micropatterned hepatocyte co-culture (MPCC) was used to model liver steatosis. The MPCC model (HEPATOPACTM) is comprised of hepatocytes and 3T3-J2 mouse stromal cells plated onto a patterned standard 96-well or 24-well plate, allowing the cultures to be handled and imaged in a standardized multi-well format. These studies employed high content imaging (HCI) analysis to assess lipid content in cultures. HCI analysis of lipid accumulation allows large numbers of samples to be imaged and analyzed in a relatively short period of time compared to manual acquisition and analysis methods. Treatment of MPCC with free fatty acids (FFA), high glucose and fructose (HGF), or a combination of both induces hepatic steatosis. MPCC treatment with ACC1/ACC2 inhibitors, as either a preventative or reversal agent, showed efficacy against FFA induced hepatic steatosis. Drug induced steatosis was also evaluated. Treatment with valproic acid showed steatosis induction in a lean background, which was significantly potentiated in a fatty liver background. Additionally, these media treatments changed expression of fatty liver related genes. Treatment of MPCC with FFA, HGF, or a combination reversibly altered expression of genes involved in fatty acid metabolism, insulin signaling, and lipid transport. Together, these data demonstrate that MPCC is an easy to use, long-term functional in vitro model of NAFLD having utility for compound screening, drug toxicity evaluation, and assessment of gene regulation.
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210
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Kim HY, Sakane S, Eguileor A, Carvalho Gontijo Weber R, Lee W, Liu X, Lam K, Ishizuka K, Rosenthal SB, Diggle K, Brenner DA, Kisseleva T. The Origin and Fate of Liver Myofibroblasts. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 17:93-106. [PMID: 37743012 PMCID: PMC10665929 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2023.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Liver fibrosis of different etiologies is a serious health problem worldwide. There is no effective therapy available for liver fibrosis except the removal of the underlying cause of injury or liver transplantation. Development of liver fibrosis is caused by fibrogenic myofibroblasts that are not present in the normal liver, but rather activate from liver resident mesenchymal cells in response to chronic toxic or cholestatic injury. Many studies indicate that liver fibrosis is reversible when the causative agent is removed. Regression of liver fibrosis is associated with the disappearance of activated myofibroblasts and resorption of the fibrous scar. In this review, we discuss the results of genetic tracing and cell fate mapping of hepatic stellate cells and portal fibroblasts, their specific characteristics, and potential phenotypes. We summarize research progress in the understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the development and reversibility of liver fibrosis, including activation, apoptosis, and inactivation of myofibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Young Kim
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California
| | - Sadatsugu Sakane
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California
| | - Alvaro Eguileor
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California
| | - Raquel Carvalho Gontijo Weber
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California; Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California
| | - Wonseok Lee
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California
| | - Xiao Liu
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California; Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California
| | - Kevin Lam
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California
| | - Kei Ishizuka
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California
| | - Sara Brin Rosenthal
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Karin Diggle
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California; Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California
| | - David A Brenner
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California; Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California.
| | - Tatiana Kisseleva
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California.
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211
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Cao L, Ma L, Zhao J, Wang X, Fang X, Li W, Qi Y, Tang Y, Liu J, Peng S, Yang L, Zhou L, Li L, Hu X, Ji Y, Hou Y, Zhao Y, Zhang X, Zhao YY, Zhao Y, Wei Y, Malik AB, Saiyin H, Xu J. An unexpected role of neutrophils in clearing apoptotic hepatocytes in vivo. eLife 2023; 12:RP86591. [PMID: 37728612 PMCID: PMC10511239 DOI: 10.7554/elife.86591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Billions of apoptotic cells are removed daily in a human adult by professional phagocytes (e.g. macrophages) and neighboring nonprofessional phagocytes (e.g. stromal cells). Despite being a type of professional phagocyte, neutrophils are thought to be excluded from apoptotic sites to avoid tissue inflammation. Here, we report a fundamental and unexpected role of neutrophils as the predominant phagocyte responsible for the clearance of apoptotic hepatic cells in the steady state. In contrast to the engulfment of dead cells by macrophages, neutrophils burrowed directly into apoptotic hepatocytes, a process we term perforocytosis, and ingested the effete cells from the inside. The depletion of neutrophils caused defective removal of apoptotic bodies, induced tissue injury in the mouse liver, and led to the generation of autoantibodies. Human autoimmune liver disease showed similar defects in the neutrophil-mediated clearance of apoptotic hepatic cells. Hence, neutrophils possess a specialized immunologically silent mechanism for the clearance of apoptotic hepatocytes through perforocytosis, and defects in this key housekeeping function of neutrophils contribute to the genesis of autoimmune liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyang Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
- Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory (GRMH-GDL)GuangzhouChina
| | - Lixiang Ma
- Department of Anatomy, Histology & Embryology, Shanghai Medical CollegeShanghaiChina
| | - Juan Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Xiangyu Wang
- Department of Anatomy, Histology & Embryology, Shanghai Medical CollegeShanghaiChina
| | - Xinzou Fang
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Wei Li
- Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory (GRMH-GDL)GuangzhouChina
| | - Yawen Qi
- Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory (GRMH-GDL)GuangzhouChina
| | - Yingkui Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Jieya Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Shengxian Peng
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Liangxue Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Li Li
- Department of Anatomy, Histology & Embryology, Shanghai Medical CollegeShanghaiChina
| | - Xiaobo Hu
- Clinical Laboratory, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Yuan Ji
- Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yingyong Hou
- Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yi Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Xianming Zhang
- Program for Lung and Vascular Biology, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, and Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care, Northwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoUnited States
| | - You-yang Zhao
- Program for Lung and Vascular Biology, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, and Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care, Northwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoUnited States
| | - Yong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yuquan Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Asrar B Malik
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois, College of MedicineChicagoUnited States
| | - Hexige Saiyin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jingsong Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
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212
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Zhang M, Bai X, Du Q, Xu J, Wang D, Chen L, Dong K, Chen Z, Yang J. The Different Mechanisms of Lipid Accumulation in Hepatocytes Induced by Oleic Acid/Palmitic Acid and High-Fat Diet. Molecules 2023; 28:6714. [PMID: 37764494 PMCID: PMC10536454 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the primary chronic liver disease worldwide, mainly manifested by hepatic steatosis. Hepatic lipids may be derived from dietary intake, plasma free fatty acid (FFA) uptake, or hepatic de novo lipogenesis (DNL). Currently, cellular and animal models of hepatocellular steatosis are widely used to study the pathogenesis of NAFLD and to investigate therapeutic agents. However, whether there are differences between the in vivo and in vitro models of the mechanisms that cause lipid accumulation has not been reported. We used OA/PA-induced NCTC 1469 cells and high-fat-diet-fed C57BL/6J mice to simulate a hepatocyte steatosis model of NAFLD and to detect indicators related to FFA uptake and DNL. In addition, when serological indicators were analysed in the mouse model, it was found that serum FASN levels decreased. The results revealed that, in the cellular model, indicators related to DNL were decreased, FASN enzyme activity was unchanged, and indicators related to FFA uptake were increased, including the high expression of CD36; while, in the animal model, indicators related to both FFA uptake and de novo synthesis were increased, including the high expression of CD36 and the increased protein levels of FASN with enhanced enzyme activity. In addition, after an analysis of the serological indicators in the mouse model, it was found that the serum levels of FASN were reduced. In conclusion, the OA/PA-induced cellular model can be used to study the mechanism of FFA uptake, whereas the high-fat-diet-induced mouse model can be used to study the mechanism of FFA uptake and DNL. Combined treatment with CD36 and FASN may be more effective against NAFLD. FASN in the serum can be used as one of the indicators for the clinical diagnosis of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Zhang
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China; (M.Z.); (X.B.); (Q.D.); (J.X.); (D.W.); (L.C.); (K.D.)
| | - Xue Bai
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China; (M.Z.); (X.B.); (Q.D.); (J.X.); (D.W.); (L.C.); (K.D.)
| | - Qian Du
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China; (M.Z.); (X.B.); (Q.D.); (J.X.); (D.W.); (L.C.); (K.D.)
| | - Jiaojiao Xu
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China; (M.Z.); (X.B.); (Q.D.); (J.X.); (D.W.); (L.C.); (K.D.)
| | - Danqing Wang
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China; (M.Z.); (X.B.); (Q.D.); (J.X.); (D.W.); (L.C.); (K.D.)
| | - Lei Chen
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China; (M.Z.); (X.B.); (Q.D.); (J.X.); (D.W.); (L.C.); (K.D.)
| | - Keting Dong
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China; (M.Z.); (X.B.); (Q.D.); (J.X.); (D.W.); (L.C.); (K.D.)
| | - Ziyue Chen
- School of Nursing, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China;
| | - Jianhong Yang
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China; (M.Z.); (X.B.); (Q.D.); (J.X.); (D.W.); (L.C.); (K.D.)
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213
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Roy AM, Iyer R, Chakraborty S. The extracellular matrix in hepatocellular carcinoma: Mechanisms and therapeutic vulnerability. Cell Rep Med 2023; 4:101170. [PMID: 37652015 PMCID: PMC10518608 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is influenced by a "disorganized" extracellular matrix (ECM) that sensitizes cancer cells toward mechanical stress, signaling, and structural alterations. In hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), lack of knowledge about key ECM proteins driving the TME refractory to targeted therapies poses a barrier to the identification of new therapeutic targets. Herein, we discuss the contributions of various ECM components that impact hepatocytes and their surrounding support network during tumorigenesis. In addition, the underpinnings by which ECM proteins transduce mechanical signals to the liver TME are detailed. Finally, in view of the bidirectional feedback between the ECM, transformed hepatocytes, and immune cells, we highlight the potential role of the ECM disorganization process in shaping responses to immune checkpoint inhibitors and targeted therapies. Our comprehensive characterization of these ECM components may provide a roadmap for innovative therapeutic approaches to restrain HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arya Mariam Roy
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Renuka Iyer
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA.
| | - Sayan Chakraborty
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA; Program of Developmental Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263.
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214
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Liu X, Lam K, Zhao H, Sakane S, Kim HY, Eguileor A, Diggle K, Wu S, Gontijo Weber RC, Soroosh P, Hosseini M, Mekeel K, Brenner DA, Kisseleva T. Isolation of primary human liver cells from normal and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis livers. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102391. [PMID: 37405925 PMCID: PMC10345194 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, we present a protocol for isolating human hepatocytes and neural progenitor cells from normal and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis livers. We describe steps for perfusion for scaled-up liver cell isolation and optimization of chemical digestion to achieve maximal yield and cell viability. We then detail a liver cell cryopreservation and potential applications, such as the use of human liver cells as a tool to link experimental and translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Liu
- Department of Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Surgery, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Kevin Lam
- Department of Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Huayi Zhao
- Department of Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sadatsugu Sakane
- Department of Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Hyun Young Kim
- Department of Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Alvaro Eguileor
- Department of Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Karin Diggle
- Department of Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Surgery, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Shuai Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Raquel Carvalho Gontijo Weber
- Department of Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Surgery, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Pejman Soroosh
- Janssen Pharmaceutical R&D, Immunometabolism Obesity and Metabolic Disorders, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Mojgan Hosseini
- Department of Pathology, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kristin Mekeel
- Department of Surgery, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - David A Brenner
- Department of Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Tatiana Kisseleva
- Department of Surgery, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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215
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Boslem E, Reibe S, Carlessi R, Smeuninx B, Tegegne S, Egan CL, McLennan E, Terry LV, Nobis M, Mu A, Nowell C, Horadagoda N, Mellett NA, Timpson P, Jones M, Denisenko E, Forrest AR, Tirnitz-Parker JE, Meikle PJ, Rose-John S, Karin M, Febbraio MA. Therapeutic blockade of ER stress and inflammation prevents NASH and progression to HCC. Sci Adv 2023; 9:eadh0831. [PMID: 37703359 PMCID: PMC10499313 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adh0831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is rapidly rising largely because of increased obesity leading to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), a known HCC risk factor. There are no approved treatments to treat NASH. Here, we first used single-nucleus RNA sequencing to characterize a mouse model that mimics human NASH-driven HCC, the MUP-uPA mouse fed a high-fat diet. Activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and inflammation was observed in a subset of hepatocytes that was enriched in mice that progress to HCC. We next treated MUP-uPA mice with the ER stress inhibitor BGP-15 and soluble gp130Fc, a drug that blocks inflammation by preventing interleukin-6 trans-signaling. Both drugs have progressed to phase 2/3 human clinical trials for other indications. We show that this combined therapy reversed NASH and reduced NASH-driven HCC. Our data suggest that these drugs could provide a potential therapy for NASH progression to HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebru Boslem
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Saskia Reibe
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
| | - Rodrigo Carlessi
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Benoit Smeuninx
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Surafel Tegegne
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Casey L. Egan
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Emma McLennan
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Lauren V. Terry
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Max Nobis
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
| | - Andre Mu
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK
- EMBL's European Bioinformatics Institute, Cambridge UK
| | - Cameron Nowell
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Neil Horadagoda
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, Camden, Australia
| | | | - Paul Timpson
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
| | - Matthew Jones
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Elena Denisenko
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Alistair R. R. Forrest
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre and Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Janina E. E. Tirnitz-Parker
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Peter J. Meikle
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stefan Rose-John
- Department of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Michael Karin
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Mark A. Febbraio
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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216
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Chowdhury S, Fried KD, Iwakiri Y, Brancale J, Vilarinho S. Protocol for enrichment, purification, and cytocentrifugation of mouse liver endothelial cells. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102480. [PMID: 37515764 PMCID: PMC10400957 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver endothelial cells (LECs) are critical in maintaining liver homeostasis. To understand the mechanistic processes occurring in these cells, high-quality isolation protocols must be in place. Here, we present a protocol for LEC enrichment, subsequent LEC purification using fluorescence-assisted cell sorting, and cytocentrifugation of sorted LECs for imaging. We describe steps for isolation of LEC-enriched population from mouse livers, immunolabeling and sorting, and cytospin and immunostaining. We then mention procedures for downstream analysis. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Drzewiecki et al. (2021).1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanin Chowdhury
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Digestive Diseases, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA; Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Kaela Drzewiecki Fried
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Digestive Diseases, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA; Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Yasuko Iwakiri
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Digestive Diseases, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Joseph Brancale
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Digestive Diseases, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA; Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Sílvia Vilarinho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Digestive Diseases, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA; Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA.
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217
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Chandler TL, Kendall SJ, White HM. Fatty acid challenge shifts cellular energy metabolism in a substrate-specific manner in primary bovine neonatal hepatocytes. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15020. [PMID: 37700067 PMCID: PMC10497564 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41919-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue mobilization increases circulating fatty acid (FA) concentrations, leads to increased hepatic FA uptake, and influences hepatic metabolism. Our objective was to trace carbon flux through metabolic pathways in primary bovine neonatal hepatocytes challenged with FA, and to examine the effect of FA challenge on oxidative stress. Primary bovine neonatal hepatocytes were isolated from 4 Holstein bull calves and maintained for 24 h before treatment with either 0 or 1 mM FA cocktail. After 21 h, either [1-14C]C16:0 or [2-14C]sodium pyruvate was added to measure complete and incomplete oxidation and cellular glycogen. Cellular and media triglyceride (TG), and glucose and ß-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) export were quantified, as well as reactive oxygen species and cellular glutathione (GSH/GSSH). Fatty acid treatment increased cellular, but not media TG, and although complete oxidation of [1-14C]C16:0 was not affected by FA, BHB export was increased. Reactive oxygen species were increased with FA treatment and GSSH was marginally increased such that the ratio of GSH:GSSG was marginally decreased. Glucose export increased, and cellular glycogen marginally increased with FA treatment while [2-14C]sodium pyruvate oxidation was decreased. These data suggest that FA treatment shifts cellular energy metabolism in a substrate-specific manner, spares pyruvate carbon from oxidation, and stimulates glucose synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- T L Chandler
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Baker Institute for Animal Health, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - S J Kendall
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - H M White
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
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Li ZW, Ruan B, Yang PJ, Liu JJ, Song P, Duan JL, Wang L. Oit3, a promising hallmark gene for targeting liver sinusoidal endothelial cells. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:344. [PMID: 37696816 PMCID: PMC10495338 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01621-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) play a pivotal role in maintaining liver homeostasis and influencing the pathological processes of various liver diseases. However, neither LSEC-specific hallmark genes nor a LSEC promoter-driven Cre mouse line has been introduced before, which largely restricts the study of liver diseases with vascular disorders. To explore LSEC-specific hallmark genes, we compared the top 50 marker genes between liver endothelial cells (ECs) and liver capillary ECs and identified 18 overlapping genes. After excluding globally expressed genes and those with low expression percentages, we narrowed our focus to two final candidates: Oit3 and Dnase1l3. Through single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and analysis of the NCBI database, we confirmed the extrahepatic expression of Dnase1l3. The paired-cell sequencing data further demonstrated that Oit3 was predominantly expressed in the midlobular liver ECs. Subsequently, we constructed inducible Oit3-CreERT2 transgenic mice, which were further crossed with ROSA26-tdTomato mice. Microscopy validated that the established Oit3-CreERT2-tdTomato mice exhibited significant fluorescence in the liver rather than in other organs. The staining analysis confirmed the colocalization of tdTomato and EC markers. Ex-vivo experiments further confirmed that isolated tdTomato+ cells exhibited well-differentiated fenestrae and highly expressed EC markers, confirming their identity as LSECs. Overall, Oit3 is a promising hallmark gene for tracing LSECs. The establishment of Oit3-CreERT2-tdTomato mice provides a valuable model for studying the complexities of LSECs in liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Wen Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xi-Jing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, China
| | - Bai Ruan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xi-Jing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, China
- Center of Clinical Aerospace Medicine & Department of Aviation Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, China
| | - Pei-Jun Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xi-Jing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, China
| | - Jing-Jing Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xi-Jing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, China
| | - Ping Song
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xi-Jing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, China
| | - Juan-Li Duan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xi-Jing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xi-Jing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, China.
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Mei TTY, Aung HH, Tung WS, Naing C. Association between IL-10 gene polymorphisms (- 1082 A/G, -819 T/C, -592 A/C) and hepatocellular carcinoma: a meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:842. [PMID: 37684564 PMCID: PMC10492326 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11323-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The carcinogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma is complicated, and genetic factor may have the role in the malignant transformation of liver cells. IL-10 gene polymorphisms have been investigated for their potential roles in hepatocellular carcinoma This study aimed to investigate the relationship between polymorphisms of IL-10 (-1082 A/G, -819 T/C, -592 A/C), and hepatocellular carcinoma by performing a meta-analysis with eligible individual studies. METHODS This study followed the PRISMA 2020 Checklist. Relevant studies were searched in health-related databases. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale criteria were used to evaluate the studies quality. Pooled odds ratio (OR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to determine the strength of association between each polymorphism and hepatocellular carcinoma using five genetic models. Stratification was done by ethnic groups. Trial sequential analysis (TSA) was performed to determine the required information size. RESULTS Fifteen case-control studies (n = 8182) were identified. Overall, the heterozygous model showed a marginal significant association only between IL-10 (-1082 A/G) and hepatocellular carcinoma risk (OR: 0.82, 95% CI: 0.67-1.00, 9 studies). On stratification, IL-10 (-1082 A/G) was significantly associated with hepatocellular carcinoma risk in the non-Asian population under dominant (OR: 0.62, 95% CI: 0.45-0.86, 4 studies), heterozygous (OR: 0.60, 95% CI: 0.43-0.85) and allelic models (OR: 0.79, 95% CI: 0.64-0.99). IL-10 (-819 T/C) was significantly associated with hepatocellular carcinoma risk only among non-Asians under the dominant (OR: 1.47, 95% CI: 1.02-2.13, 8 studies), recessive (OR: 1.99, 95% CI: 1.03-3.86, and homozygous models (OR: 2.18, 95% CI: 1.13-4.23). For IL-10 (-592 A/C) with 11 studies, there was no significant association with hepatocellular carcinoma in all five genetic models (P values > 0.5). TSA plots indicated that the information size for firm evidence of effect was sufficient only for the analysis of IL-10 (-592 A/C), but not for the - 1082 A/G or -819 T/C. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that IL-10 (-1082 A/G and - 819 T/C) polymorphisms are associated with hepatocellular carcinoma in ethnic-specific manner. However, this evidence is not conclusive because the sample size was insufficient. IL-10 (-592 A/C) polymorphism was not associated with hepatocellular carcinoma albeit with sufficient information size. Future well-designed large case-control studies on IL-10 (-1082 A/G and - 819 T/C) with different ethnicities are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Tan Yen Mei
- School of Medicine, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Htar Htar Aung
- School of Medicine, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Wong Siew Tung
- School of Medicine, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Cho Naing
- Faculty of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Queensland, Australia
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Pauletto M, Giantin M, Tolosi R, Bassan I, Bardhi A, Barbarossa A, Montanucci L, Zaghini A, Dacasto M. Discovering the Protective Effects of Quercetin on Aflatoxin B1-Induced Toxicity in Bovine Foetal Hepatocyte-Derived Cells (BFH12). Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:555. [PMID: 37755981 PMCID: PMC10534839 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15090555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) induces lipid peroxidation and mortality in bovine foetal hepatocyte-derived cells (BFH12), with underlying transcriptional perturbations associated mainly with cancer, cellular damage, inflammation, bioactivation, and detoxification pathways. In this cell line, curcumin and resveratrol have proven to be effective in mitigating AFB1-induced toxicity. In this paper, we preliminarily assessed the potential anti-AFB1 activity of a natural polyphenol, quercetin (QUE), in BFH12 cells. To this end, we primarily measured QUE cytotoxicity using a WST-1 reagent. Then, we pre-treated the cells with QUE and exposed them to AFB1. The protective role of QUE was evaluated by measuring cytotoxicity, transcriptional changes (RNA-sequencing), lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde production), and targeted post-transcriptional modifications (NQO1 and CYP3A enzymatic activity). The results demonstrated that QUE, like curcumin and resveratrol, reduced AFB1-induced cytotoxicity and lipid peroxidation and caused larger transcriptional variations than AFB1 alone. Most of the differentially expressed genes were involved in lipid homeostasis, inflammatory and immune processes, and carcinogenesis. As for enzymatic activities, QUE significantly reverted CYP3A variations induced by AFB1, but not those of NQO1. This study provides new knowledge about key molecular mechanisms involved in QUE-mediated protection against AFB1 toxicity and encourages in vivo studies to assess QUE's bioavailability and beneficial effects on aflatoxicosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Pauletto
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale dell’Università 16, I-35020 Legnaro, Italy; (M.G.); (R.T.); (I.B.); (M.D.)
| | - Mery Giantin
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale dell’Università 16, I-35020 Legnaro, Italy; (M.G.); (R.T.); (I.B.); (M.D.)
| | - Roberta Tolosi
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale dell’Università 16, I-35020 Legnaro, Italy; (M.G.); (R.T.); (I.B.); (M.D.)
| | - Irene Bassan
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale dell’Università 16, I-35020 Legnaro, Italy; (M.G.); (R.T.); (I.B.); (M.D.)
| | - Anisa Bardhi
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, Ozzano dell’Emilia, I-40064 Bologna, Italy; (A.B.); (A.B.); (A.Z.)
| | - Andrea Barbarossa
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, Ozzano dell’Emilia, I-40064 Bologna, Italy; (A.B.); (A.B.); (A.Z.)
| | - Ludovica Montanucci
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA;
| | - Anna Zaghini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, Ozzano dell’Emilia, I-40064 Bologna, Italy; (A.B.); (A.B.); (A.Z.)
| | - Mauro Dacasto
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Viale dell’Università 16, I-35020 Legnaro, Italy; (M.G.); (R.T.); (I.B.); (M.D.)
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Hassan GS, Flores Molina M, Shoukry NH. The multifaceted role of macrophages during acute liver injury. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1237042. [PMID: 37736102 PMCID: PMC10510203 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1237042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The liver is situated at the interface of the gut and circulation where it acts as a filter for blood-borne and gut-derived microbes and biological molecules, promoting tolerance of non-invasive antigens while driving immune responses against pathogenic ones. Liver resident immune cells such as Kupffer cells (KCs), a subset of macrophages, maintain homeostasis under physiological conditions. However, upon liver injury, these cells and others recruited from circulation participate in the response to injury and the repair of tissue damage. Such response is thus spatially and temporally regulated and implicates interconnected cells of immune and non-immune nature. This review will describe the hepatic immune environment during acute liver injury and the subsequent wound healing process. In its early stages, the wound healing immune response involves a necroinflammatory process characterized by partial depletion of resident KCs and lymphocytes and a significant infiltration of myeloid cells including monocyte-derived macrophages (MoMFs) complemented by a wave of pro-inflammatory mediators. The subsequent repair stage includes restoring KCs, initiating angiogenesis, renewing extracellular matrix and enhancing proliferation/activation of resident parenchymal and mesenchymal cells. This review will focus on the multifaceted role of hepatic macrophages, including KCs and MoMFs, and their spatial distribution and roles during acute liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghada S. Hassan
- Centre de Recherche du Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Manuel Flores Molina
- Centre de Recherche du Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Département de microbiologie, infectiologie et immunologie, Faculté de médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Naglaa H. Shoukry
- Centre de Recherche du Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Département de médecine, Faculté de médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
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Hepatocarcinogenesis Is Supported by Sublethal Necroptosis Signaling. Cancer Discov 2023; 13:OF5. [PMID: 37449717 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.CD-RW2023-108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
NF-κB activation in hepatocytes with low RIPK3 expression can trigger sublethal necrosome activation.
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223
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Mayer C, Nehring S, Kücken M, Repnik U, Seifert S, Sljukic A, Delpierre J, Morales‐Navarrete H, Hinz S, Brosch M, Chung B, Karlsen T, Huch M, Kalaidzidis Y, Brusch L, Hampe J, Schafmayer C, Zerial M. Apical bulkheads accumulate as adaptive response to impaired bile flow in liver disease. EMBO Rep 2023; 24:e57181. [PMID: 37522754 PMCID: PMC10481669 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202357181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocytes form bile canaliculi that dynamically respond to the signalling activity of bile acids and bile flow. Little is known about their responses to intraluminal pressure. During embryonic development, hepatocytes assemble apical bulkheads that increase the canalicular resistance to intraluminal pressure. Here, we investigate whether they also protect bile canaliculi against elevated pressure upon impaired bile flow in adult liver. Apical bulkheads accumulate upon bile flow obstruction in mouse models and patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). Their loss under these conditions leads to abnormally dilated canaliculi, resembling liver cell rosettes described in other hepatic diseases. 3D reconstruction reveals that these structures are sections of cysts and tubes formed by hepatocytes. Mathematical modelling establishes that they positively correlate with canalicular pressure and occur in early PSC stages. Using primary hepatocytes and 3D organoids, we demonstrate that excessive canalicular pressure causes the loss of apical bulkheads and formation of rosettes. Our results suggest that apical bulkheads are a protective mechanism of hepatocytes against impaired bile flow, highlighting the role of canalicular pressure in liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlotta Mayer
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and GeneticsDresdenGermany
| | - Sophie Nehring
- Department of Medicine I, Gastroenterology and HepatologyUniversity Hospital Carl‐Gustav‐Carus, Technische Universität Dresden (TU Dresden)DresdenGermany
| | - Michael Kücken
- Center for Information Services and High‐Performance ComputingTechnische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Urska Repnik
- Central Microscopy, Department of BiologyChristian‐Albrechts‐Universtät zu Kiel (CAU)KielGermany
| | - Sarah Seifert
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and GeneticsDresdenGermany
| | - Aleksandra Sljukic
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and GeneticsDresdenGermany
| | - Julien Delpierre
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and GeneticsDresdenGermany
| | | | - Sebastian Hinz
- Department of General SurgeryUniversity Hospital RostockRostockGermany
| | - Mario Brosch
- Department of Medicine I, Gastroenterology and HepatologyUniversity Hospital Carl‐Gustav‐Carus, Technische Universität Dresden (TU Dresden)DresdenGermany
- Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD)Technische Universität Dresden (TU Dresden)DresdenGermany
| | - Brian Chung
- Department of Transplantation Medicine, Clinic of Surgery, Inflammatory Medicine and Transplantation, Norwegian PSC Research CenterOslo University Hospital RikshospitaletOsloNorway
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Clinic of Surgery, Inflammatory Diseases and TransplantationOslo University Hospital and University of OsloOsloNorway
| | - Tom Karlsen
- Department of Transplantation Medicine, Clinic of Surgery, Inflammatory Medicine and Transplantation, Norwegian PSC Research CenterOslo University Hospital RikshospitaletOsloNorway
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Clinic of Surgery, Inflammatory Diseases and TransplantationOslo University Hospital and University of OsloOsloNorway
| | - Meritxell Huch
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and GeneticsDresdenGermany
| | - Yannis Kalaidzidis
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and GeneticsDresdenGermany
| | - Lutz Brusch
- Center for Information Services and High‐Performance ComputingTechnische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany
| | - Jochen Hampe
- Department of Medicine I, Gastroenterology and HepatologyUniversity Hospital Carl‐Gustav‐Carus, Technische Universität Dresden (TU Dresden)DresdenGermany
- Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD)Technische Universität Dresden (TU Dresden)DresdenGermany
| | | | - Marino Zerial
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and GeneticsDresdenGermany
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Sebők C, Tráj P, Mackei M, Márton RA, Vörösházi J, Kemény Á, Neogrády Z, Mátis G. Modulation of the immune response by the host defense peptide IDR-1002 in chicken hepatic cell culture. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14530. [PMID: 37666888 PMCID: PMC10477227 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41707-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
IDR-1002, a synthetic host defense peptide (HDP), appears to be a potential candidate for the treatment of bacterial infections and the consequent inflammatory response due to its potent immunomodulatory activity. This is of relevance to the emerging issue of antimicrobial resistance in the farming sector. In this study, the effects of IDR-1002 were investigated on a chicken hepatocyte‒non-parenchymal cell co-culture, and the results revealed that IDR-1002 had complex effects on the regulation of the hepatic innate immunity. IDR-1002 increased the levels of both RANTES (Regulated on Activation, Normal T cell Expressed and Secreted) and Macrophage colony stimulating factor (M-CSF), suggesting the peptide plays a role in the modulation of macrophage differentiation, also reflected by the reduced concentrations of interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-10. The pro-inflammatory cytokine release triggered by the bacterial cell wall component lipoteichoic acid (LTA) was ameliorated by the concomitantly applied IDR-1002 based on the levels of IL-6, chicken chemotactic and angiogenic factor (CXCLi2) and interferon (IFN)-γ. Moreover, the production of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), an essential transcription factor in the antioxidant defense pathway, was increased after IDR-1002 exposure, while protein carbonyl (PC) levels were also elevated. These findings suggest that IDR-1002 affects the interplay of the cellular immune response and redox homeostasis, thus the peptide represents a promising tool in the treatment of bacterially induced inflammation in chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Csilla Sebők
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, István utca 2, 1078, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Patrik Tráj
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, István utca 2, 1078, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Máté Mackei
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, István utca 2, 1078, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Rege Anna Márton
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, István utca 2, 1078, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Júlia Vörösházi
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, István utca 2, 1078, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Kemény
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pécs, Szigeti u. 12, 7624, Pécs, Hungary
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pécs, Szigeti u. 12, 7624, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Neogrády
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, István utca 2, 1078, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Mátis
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine, István utca 2, 1078, Budapest, Hungary
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Zhu H, Zhang M, Ye Y, Liu Z, Wang J, Wu X, Lv X. CD73 mitigates hepatic damage in alcoholic steatohepatitis by regulating PI3K/AKT-mediated hepatocyte pyroptosis. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 215:115753. [PMID: 37611643 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol use is a major risk factor for death and disability, resulting in a significant global disease burden. Alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH) reflects an acute exacerbation of alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and is a growing health care and economic burden worldwide. Pyroptosis plays a central role in the pathogenesis of ASH. Nt5e (CD73) is a cell surface ecto-5'-nucleotidase, which is a key enzyme that converts the proinflammatory signal ATP to the anti-inflammatory mediator adenosine (ADO). Studies have found that CD73 is involved in multiple diseases and can alleviate gasdermin D (GSDMD)-mediated pyroptosis; however, its role and mechanism in ASH are not explicit. AIM To investigate the role and mechanisms of CD73-mediated hepatocyte pyroptosis in alcohol-induced liver injury through in vivo and in vitro experiments. METHODS CD73 knockout (CD73-/-) mice, wild-type (WT) mice, and AML-12 cells were used to evaluate the effect of CD73 on hepatocyte pyroptosis in vivo and in vitro. A combination of molecular and histological methods was performed to assess pyroptosis and investigate the mechanism both in vivo and in vitro. RESULTS The protein expression of CD73 and pyroptosis pathway-associated genes was increased significantly in hepatocyte injury model both in vivo and in vitro. In vivo, CD73 knockout dramatically aggravated inflammatory damage, lipid accumulation, and hepatocyte pyroptosis in the liver. In vitro, overexpression of CD73 by pEGFP-C1/CD73 can decrease NLRP3 inflammasome activation and pyroptosis in hepatocytes. Further analysis revealed that the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway is a possible mechanism of CD73 regulation. Meanwhile, this pathological process was inhibited after the use of PI3K inhibitors. CONCLUSION Our results show a novel function of CD73 regulates hepatocytes pyroptosis and highlights the therapeutic opportunity for reducing the disease process in ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Mengda Zhang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Ying Ye
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Zhenni Liu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Jianpeng Wang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Xue Wu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Xiongwen Lv
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
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Zheng L, Wu J, Hu H, Cao H, Xu N, Chen K, Wen B, Wang H, Yuan H, Xie L, Jiang Y, Li Z, Liang C, Yuan J, Li Z, Yuan X, Xiao W, Wang J. Single-cell RNA transcriptome landscape of murine liver following systemic administration of mesoporous silica nanoparticles. J Control Release 2023; 361:427-442. [PMID: 37487929 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Due to the unique physicochemical properties, mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MONs) have been widely utilized in biomedical fields for drug delivery, gene therapy, disease diagnosis and imaging. With the extensive applications and large-scale production of MONs, the potential effects of MONs on human health are gaining increased attention. To better understand the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of MONs on the mouse liver, we profiled the transcriptome of 63,783 single cells from mouse livers following weekly intravenous administration of MONs for 2 weeks. The results showed that the proportion of endothelial cells and CD4+ T cells was increased, whereas that of Kupffer cells was decreased, in a dose-dependent manner after MONs treatment in the mouse liver. We also observed that the proportion of inflammation-related Kupffer cell subtype and wound healing-related hepatocyte subtype were elevated, but the number of hepatocytes with detoxification characteristics was reduced after MONs treatment. The cell-cell communication network revealed that there was more crosstalk between cholangiocytes and Kupffer cells, liver capsular macrophages, hepatic stellate cells, and endothelial cells following MONs treatment. Furthermore, we identified key ligand-receptor pairs between crucial subtypes after MONs treatment that are known to promote liver fibrosis. Collectively, our study explored the effects of MONs on mouse liver at a single-cell level and provides comprehensive information on the potential hepatotoxicity of MONs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuhai Zheng
- Department of Breast Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, China; Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China
| | - Jiangpeng Wu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Hong Hu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Hua Cao
- Department of Oncology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Nan Xu
- Division of Thyroid surgery, Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Kun Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Bowen Wen
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Huifang Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, China; Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China
| | - Haitao Yuan
- Department of Breast Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, China; Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China
| | - Lulin Xie
- Department of Breast Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuke Jiang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhifen Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi Datong University, Xing Yun Street, Pingcheng District, Datong, Shanxi Province 037009, PR China
| | - Cailing Liang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Jimin Yuan
- Department of Breast Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhijie Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, China.
| | - Xiaopeng Yuan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
| | - Wei Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China.
| | - Jigang Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong, China; State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China; Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China.
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Arroyave-Ospina JC, Buist-Homan M, Schmidt M, Moshage H. Protective effects of caffeine against palmitate-induced lipid toxicity in primary rat hepatocytes is associated with modulation of adenosine receptor A1 signaling. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:114884. [PMID: 37423170 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological evidence has shown an association between coffee consumption and reduced risk for chronic liver diseases, including metabolic-dysfunction-associated liver disease (MALFD). Lipotoxicity is a key cause of hepatocyte injury during MAFLD. The coffee component caffeine is known to modulate adenosine receptor signaling via the antagonism of adenosine receptors. The involvement of these receptors in the prevention of hepatic lipotoxicity has not yet been explored. The aim of this study was to explore whether caffeine protects against palmitate-induced lipotoxicity by modulating adenosine receptor signaling. METHODS Primary hepatocytes were isolated from male rats. Hepatocytes were treated with palmitate with or without caffeine or 1,7DMX. Lipotoxicity was verified using Sytox viability staining and mitochondrial JC-10 staining. PKA activation was verified by Western blotting. Selective (ant)agonists of A1AR (DPCPX and CPA, respectively) and A2AR (istradefyline and regadenoson, respectively), the AMPK inhibitor compound C, and the Protein Kinase A (PKA) inhibitor Rp8CTP were used. Lipid accumulation was verified by ORO and BODIPY 453/50 staining. RESULTS Caffeine and its metabolite 1,7DMX prevented palmitate-induced toxicity in hepatocytes. The A1AR antagonist DPCPX also prevented lipotoxicity, whereas both the inhibition of PKA and the A1AR agonist CPA (partially) abolished the protective effect. Caffeine and DPCPX increased lipid droplet formation only in palmitate-treated hepatocytes and decreased mitochondrial ROS production. CONCLUSIONS The protective effect of caffeine against palmitate lipotoxicity was shown to be dependent on A1AR receptor and PKA activation. Antagonism of A1AR also protects against lipotoxicity. Targeting A1AR receptor may be a potential therapeutic intervention with which to treat MAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna C Arroyave-Ospina
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Manon Buist-Homan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Martina Schmidt
- Department Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, GRIAC, University Medical Center Groningen University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Han Moshage
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
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228
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Chang H, Yang F, Bai H, Lu Z, Xing C, Dai X, Wan W, Liao S, Cao H. Molybdenum and/or cadmium induce NLRP3 inflammasome production by causing mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membrane dysfunction in sheep hepatocytes. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 382:110617. [PMID: 37385403 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Accumulation of the heavy metals molybdenum (Mo) and cadmium (Cd) in the liver can induce organelle damage and inflammation, resulting in hepatotoxicity. The effect of Mo and/or Cd on sheep hepatocytes was investigated by determining the relationship between the mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membrane (MAM) and NLRP3 inflammasome. Sheep hepatocytes were divided into four groups: the control group, Mo group (600 μM Mo), Cd group (4 μM Cd) and Mo + Cd group (600 μM Mo+4 μM Cd). The results showed that Mo and/or Cd exposure increased the levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and nitric oxide (NO) in the cell culture supernatant, elevated the levels of intracellular Ca2+ and mitochondrial Ca2+, downregulated the expression of MAM-related factors (IP3R, GRP75, VDAC1, PERK, ERO1-α, Mfn1, Mfn2, ERP44), shortened the length of the MAM and reduced the formation of the MAM structure, eventually causing MAM dysfunction. Moreover, the expression levels of NLRP3 inflammasome-related factors (NLRP3, Caspase1, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α) were also dramatically increased after Mo and Cd exposure, triggering NLRP3 inflammasome production. However, an IP3R inhibitor, 2-APB treatment significantly alleviated these changes. Overall, the data indicate that Mo and Cd coexposure leads to structural disruption and dysfunction of MAM, disrupts cellular Ca2+ homeostasis, and increases NLRP3 inflammasome production in sheep hepatocytes. However, the inhibition of IP3R alleviates NLRP3 inflammasome production induced by Mo and Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifeng Chang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Fan Yang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - He Bai
- Medical Research Center, Mudanjiang Medical University, No. 3 Tongxiang street, Aimin District, Mudanjiang, 157011, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Zengting Lu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Chenghong Xing
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Xueyan Dai
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Wengen Wan
- Jiangxi Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Nanchang, 330096, Jiangxi, PR China
| | - Shuxian Liao
- Fengxin County Modern Agricultural Technology Service Center, Fengxin, PR China
| | - Huabin Cao
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Animal Health, Institute of Animal Population Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, No. 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Economic and Technological Development District, Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi, PR China.
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229
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Testoni B, Ploss A. Cracking the host functional network involved in hepatitis B virus cccDNA biology. Gut 2023; 72:1637-1639. [PMID: 36707232 PMCID: PMC10372188 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2022-329185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Testoni
- INSERM U1052, Centre de recherche en Cancerologie de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Alexander Ploss
- Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
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230
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Liu L, Chen M, Gao Y, Tian L, Zhang W, Wang Z. Mechanism of action and side effects of colchicine based on biomechanical properties of cells. J Microsc 2023; 291:229-236. [PMID: 37358710 DOI: 10.1111/jmi.13212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Many diseases are related to changes in the biomechanical properties of cells; their study can provide a theoretical basis for drug screening and can explain the internal working of living cells. In this study, the biomechanical properties of nephrocytes (VERO cells), hepatocytes (HL-7702 cells), and hepatoma cells (SMCC-7721 cells) in culture were detected by atomic force microscopy (AFM) to analyse the side effects of colchicine at different concentrations (0.1 μg/mL (A) and 0.2 μg/mL (B)) at the nanoscale for 2, 4 and 6 h. Compared with the corresponding control cells, the damage to the treated cells increased in a dose-dependent manner. Among normal cells, the injury of nephrocytes (VERO cells) was markedly worse than that of hepatocytes (HL-7702 cells) in both colchicine solutions A and B. Based on the analyses of biomechanical properties, the colchicine solution reduced the rate of division and inhibited metastasis of SMCC-7721 cells. By comparing these two concentrations, we found that the anticancer effect of colchicine solution A was greater than that of solution B. Studying the mechanical properties of biological cells can help understand the mechanism of drug action at the molecular level and provide a theoretical basis for preventing the emergence and diagnosis of diseases at the nanoscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanjiao Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, China
| | - Mingxin Chen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, China
| | - Yifan Gao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, China
| | - Liguo Tian
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, China
| | - Wenxiao Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, China
| | - Zuobin Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, China
- Institute for Research in Applicable Computing, University of Bedfordshire, Luton, UK
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231
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Oliva-Vilarnau N, Vorrink SU, Büttner FA, Heinrich T, Sensbach J, Koscielski I, Wienke D, Petersson C, Perrin D, Lauschke VM. Comparative analysis of YAP/TEAD inhibitors in 2D and 3D cultures of primary human hepatocytes reveals a novel non-canonical mechanism of CYP induction. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 215:115755. [PMID: 37607620 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Induction of cytochrome P450 (CYP) genes constitutes an important cause of drug-drug interactions and preclinical evaluation of induction liability is mandatory for novel drug candidates. YAP/TEAD signaling has emerged as an attractive target for various oncological indications and multiple chemically distinct YAP/TEAD inhibitors are rapidly progressing towards clinical stages. Here, we tested the liability for CYP induction of a diverse set of YAP/TEAD inhibitors with different modes of action and TEAD isoform selectivity profiles in monolayers and 3D spheroids of primary human hepatocytes (PHH). We found that YAP/TEAD inhibition resulted in broad induction of CYPs in 2D monolayers, whereas, if at all, only marginal induction was seen in spheroid culture. Comprehensive RNA-Seq indicated that YAP/TEAD signaling was increased in 2D culture compared to spheroids, which was paralleled by elevated activities of the interacting transcription factors LXR and ESRRA, likely at least in part due to altered mechanosensing. Inhibition of this YAP/TEAD hyperactivation resulted in an overall reduction of hepatocyte dedifferentiation marked by increased hepatic functionality, including CYPs. These results thus demonstrate that the observed induction is due to on-target effects of the compounds rather than direct activation of xenobiotic sensing nuclear receptors. Combined, the presented data link hepatocyte dedifferentiation to YAP/TEAD dysregulation, reveal a novel non-canonical pathway of CYP induction and highlight the advantage of organotypic 3D cultures to predict clinically relevant pharmacokinetic properties, particularly for atypical induction mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Oliva-Vilarnau
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Florian A Büttner
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany; University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Timo Heinrich
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Design, The Healthcare Business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Janike Sensbach
- Department of Chemical and Pre-Clinical Safety, The Healthcare Business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Isabel Koscielski
- Department of Chemical and Pre-Clinical Safety, The Healthcare Business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Dirk Wienke
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (DMPK), The Healthcare Business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Carl Petersson
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (DMPK), The Healthcare Business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Dominique Perrin
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (DMPK), The Healthcare Business of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Volker M Lauschke
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; HepaPredict AB, Stockholm, Sweden; Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, Germany; University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.
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232
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Harrison SP, Siller R, Tanaka Y, Chollet ME, de la Morena-Barrio ME, Xiang Y, Patterson B, Andersen E, Bravo-Pérez C, Kempf H, Åsrud KS, Lunov O, Dejneka A, Mowinckel MC, Stavik B, Sandset PM, Melum E, Baumgarten S, Bonanini F, Kurek D, Mathapati S, Almaas R, Sharma K, Wilson SR, Skottvoll FS, Boger IC, Bogen IL, Nyman TA, Wu JJ, Bezrouk A, Cizkova D, Corral J, Mokry J, Zweigerdt R, Park IH, Sullivan GJ. Scalable production of tissue-like vascularized liver organoids from human PSCs. Exp Mol Med 2023; 55:2005-2024. [PMID: 37653039 PMCID: PMC10545717 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-01074-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The lack of physiological parity between 2D cell culture and in vivo culture has led to the development of more organotypic models, such as organoids. Organoid models have been developed for a number of tissues, including the liver. Current organoid protocols are characterized by a reliance on extracellular matrices (ECMs), patterning in 2D culture, costly growth factors and a lack of cellular diversity, structure, and organization. Current hepatic organoid models are generally simplistic and composed of hepatocytes or cholangiocytes, rendering them less physiologically relevant compared to native tissue. We have developed an approach that does not require 2D patterning, is ECM independent, and employs small molecules to mimic embryonic liver development that produces large quantities of liver-like organoids. Using single-cell RNA sequencing and immunofluorescence, we demonstrate a liver-like cellular repertoire, a higher order cellular complexity, presenting with vascular luminal structures, and a population of resident macrophages: Kupffer cells. The organoids exhibit key liver functions, including drug metabolism, serum protein production, urea synthesis and coagulation factor production, with preserved post-translational modifications such as N-glycosylation and functionality. The organoids can be transplanted and maintained long term in mice producing human albumin. The organoids exhibit a complex cellular repertoire reflective of the organ and have de novo vascularization and liver-like function. These characteristics are a prerequisite for many applications from cellular therapy, tissue engineering, drug toxicity assessment, and disease modeling to basic developmental biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean P Harrison
- Hybrid Technology Hub-Centre of Excellence, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Pediatric Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Richard Siller
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Yoshiaki Tanaka
- Department of Genetics, Yale Stem Cell Center, Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, USA
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center (CRHMR), University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Maria Eugenia Chollet
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Haematology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - María Eugenia de la Morena-Barrio
- Servicio de Hematología y Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario Morales Meseguer, Centro Regional de Hemodonación, Universidad de Murcia, IMIB, CIBERER, Murcia, Spain
| | - Yangfei Xiang
- Department of Genetics, Yale Stem Cell Center, Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, USA
| | - Benjamin Patterson
- Department of Genetics, Yale Stem Cell Center, Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, USA
| | - Elisabeth Andersen
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Haematology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Carlos Bravo-Pérez
- Servicio de Hematología y Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario Morales Meseguer, Centro Regional de Hemodonación, Universidad de Murcia, IMIB, CIBERER, Murcia, Spain
| | - Henning Kempf
- Department: Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs (LEBAO), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Kathrine S Åsrud
- Norwegian PSC Research Center, Department of Transplantation Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Oleg Lunov
- Department of Optical and Biophysical Systems, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Alexandr Dejneka
- Department of Optical and Biophysical Systems, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marie-Christine Mowinckel
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Haematology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Benedicte Stavik
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Haematology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Per Morten Sandset
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Haematology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Espen Melum
- Hybrid Technology Hub-Centre of Excellence, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Haematology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Norwegian PSC Research Center, Department of Transplantation Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Section for Gastroenterology, Department of Transplantation Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- European Reference Network RARE-LIVER, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Saphira Baumgarten
- Hybrid Technology Hub-Centre of Excellence, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Pediatric Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | | | | | - Santosh Mathapati
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Runar Almaas
- Department of Pediatric Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- European Reference Network RARE-LIVER, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kulbhushan Sharma
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Steven R Wilson
- Hybrid Technology Hub-Centre of Excellence, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033, Blindern, NO-0315, Oslo, Norway
| | - Frøydis S Skottvoll
- Hybrid Technology Hub-Centre of Excellence, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033, Blindern, NO-0315, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ida C Boger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033, Blindern, NO-0315, Oslo, Norway
| | - Inger Lise Bogen
- Department of Forensic Sciences, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tuula A Nyman
- Department of Immunology, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jun Jie Wu
- Department of Engineering, Faculty of Science, Durham University, Durham, DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Ales Bezrouk
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Dana Cizkova
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Javier Corral
- Servicio de Hematología y Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario Morales Meseguer, Centro Regional de Hemodonación, Universidad de Murcia, IMIB, CIBERER, Murcia, Spain
| | - Jaroslav Mokry
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Robert Zweigerdt
- Department: Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs (LEBAO), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - In-Hyun Park
- Department of Genetics, Yale Stem Cell Center, Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, USA
| | - Gareth J Sullivan
- Hybrid Technology Hub-Centre of Excellence, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
- Department of Pediatric Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
- Department of Immunology, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
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Situmorang JH, Chen MC, Kuo WW, Lin SZ, Shih CY, Lin PY, Loh CH, Huang CY. 9-POHSA prevents NF-kB activation and ameliorates LPS-induced inflammation in rat hepatocytes. Lipids 2023; 58:241-249. [PMID: 37604154 DOI: 10.1002/lipd.12380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Liver inflammation has become increasingly prevalent in recent years, leading to the development of diseases like hepatitis, alcoholic liver disease, and fatty liver disease. One factor that has been linked to liver inflammation is increased levels of lipopolysaccharides (LPS), which can be caused by poor diets and sedentary lifestyles that contribute to liver inflammation. There is promising research on a new class of lipids called fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFAs), which have been shown to potentiate insulin release and exert an anti-inflammatory effect. Specifically, one type of FAHFA called 9-POHSA (palmitoleic acid ester of 9-hydroxy stearic acid) has been studied for its potential to attenuate inflammation-related indexes induced by LPS in hepatocytes, which play a critical role in the progression of liver inflammation. This study found that following LPS treatment, tumor necrosis factor- α, interleukin-6, and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) were upregulated and increased cell migration, but 9-POHSA pre-treatment attenuated the upregulation of these markers and prevented cell migration induced by LPS. Using flowcytometry analysis, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) was found to be responsible for CTGF upregulation. In addition, the effects of 9-POHSA were likely associated with its inhibition of the activation of the NF-kB. These results suggest that 9-POHSA has potential as a therapy for liver inflammation and fibrosis by attenuating inflammation-related indexes induced by LPS in hepatocytes. This study provides important insight into the mechanisms of liver inflammation and the potential for new treatments to address liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiro Hasegawa Situmorang
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Center for Biomedical Research, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong, Indonesia
| | - Ming-Cheng Chen
- Department of Surgery, Division of Colorectal Surgery, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shinn-Zong Lin
- Bioinnovation Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | | | - Pi-Yu Lin
- Buddhist Compassion Relief Tzu Chi Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hui Loh
- Department of Family Medicine and Medical Research, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Center for Aging and Health, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Center of General Education, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan
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234
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Shofa M, Ohkawa A, Kaneko Y, Saito A. Conserved use of the sodium/bile acid cotransporter (NTCP) as an entry receptor by hepatitis B virus and domestic cat hepadnavirus. Antiviral Res 2023; 217:105695. [PMID: 37536428 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2023.105695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
The Orthohepadnavirus genus includes hepatitis B virus (HBV) that can cause chronic hepatitis and hepatocarcinoma in humans. Recently, a novel hepadnavirus in cats, domestic cat hepadnavirus (DCH), was identified that is genetically close to HBV. DCH infection is associated with chronic hepatitis in cats, suggesting a similarity with HBV pathogenesis and the potential to use DCH as a novel animal model for HBV research. HBV is shown to use the sodium/bile acid cotransporter (NTCP) as a major cell entry receptor, but the equivalent receptor for DCH remains unknown. Here we sought to identify the entry receptor for DCH. HBV- and DCH-derived preS1 peptides efficiently bound to both human and cat NTCPs, and residue 158 of NTCP proteins determined the species-specific binding of the DCH preS1 peptide. Myrcludex B, an HBV entry inhibitor, blocked the binding of the DCH preS1 peptide. Thus, DCH and HBV may share cell entry molecules, suggesting a possibility of inter-species transmission. Furthermore, our study suggests that DCH can be useful as a novel model for HBV research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Shofa
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Miyazaki, 8892192, Japan; Graduate School of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Miyazaki, 8891692, Japan
| | - Akiho Ohkawa
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Miyazaki, 8892192, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Kaneko
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Miyazaki, 8892192, Japan; Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Miyazaki, 8892192, Japan
| | - Akatsuki Saito
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Miyazaki, 8892192, Japan; Graduate School of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Miyazaki, 8891692, Japan; Center for Animal Disease Control, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Miyazaki, 8892192, Japan.
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235
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Alkhamaiseh KN, Grantner JL, Shebrain S, Abdel-Qader I. Towards reliable hepatocytic anatomy segmentation in laparoscopic cholecystectomy using U-Net with Auto-Encoder. Surg Endosc 2023; 37:7358-7369. [PMID: 37491657 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-023-10306-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most bile duct (BDI) injuries during laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) occur due to visual misperception leading to the misinterpretation of anatomy. Deep learning (DL) models for surgical video analysis could, therefore, support visual tasks such as identifying critical view of safety (CVS). This study aims to develop a prediction model of CVS during LC. This aim is accomplished using a deep neural network integrated with a segmentation model that is capable of highlighting hepatocytic anatomy. METHODS Still images from LC videos were annotated with four hepatocystic landmarks of anatomy segmentation. A deep autoencoder neural network with U-Net to investigate accurate medical image segmentation was trained and tested using fivefold cross-validation. Accuracy, Loss, Intersection over Union (IoU), Precision, Recall, and Hausdorff Distance were computed to evaluate the model performance versus the annotated ground truth. RESULTS A total of 1550 images from 200 LC videos were annotated. Mean IoU for segmentation was 74.65%. The proposed approach performed well for automatic hepatocytic landmarks identification with 92% accuracy and 93.9% precision and can segment challenging cases. CONCLUSION DL, can potentially provide an intraoperative model for surgical video analysis and can be trained to guide surgeons toward reliable hepatocytic anatomy segmentation and produce selective video documentation of this safety step of LC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koloud N Alkhamaiseh
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI, USA.
| | - Janos L Grantner
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI, USA
| | - Saad Shebrain
- Western Michigan University Homer Stryker MD School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, USA
| | - Ikhlas Abdel-Qader
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI, USA
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236
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Cunningham SC, van Dijk EB, Zhu E, Sugden M, Mandwie M, Siew S, Devanapalli B, Tolun AA, Klein A, Wilson L, Aryamanesh N, Gissen P, Baruteau J, Bhattacharya K, Alexander IE. Recapitulation of Skewed X-Inactivation in Female Ornithine Transcarbamylase-Deficient Primary Human Hepatocytes in the FRG Mouse: A Novel System for Developing Epigenetic Therapies. Hum Gene Ther 2023; 34:917-926. [PMID: 37350098 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2023.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Realization of the immense therapeutic potential of epigenetic editing requires development of clinically predictive model systems that faithfully recapitulate relevant aspects of the target disease pathophysiology. In female patients with ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC) deficiency, an X-linked condition, skewed inactivation of the X chromosome carrying the wild-type OTC allele is associated with increased disease severity. The majority of affected female patients can be managed medically, but a proportion require liver transplantation. With rapid development of epigenetic editing technology, reactivation of silenced wild-type OTC alleles is becoming an increasingly plausible therapeutic approach. Toward this end, privileged access to explanted diseased livers from two affected female infants provided the opportunity to explore whether engraftment and expansion of dissociated patient-derived hepatocytes in the FRG mouse might produce a relevant model for evaluation of epigenetic interventions. Hepatocytes from both infants were successfully used to generate chimeric mouse-human livers, in which clusters of primary human hepatocytes were either OTC positive or negative by immunohistochemistry (IHC), consistent with clonal expansion from individual hepatocytes in which the mutant or wild-type OTC allele was inactivated, respectively. Enumeration of the proportion of OTC-positive or -negative human hepatocyte clusters was consistent with dramatic skewing in one infant and minimal to modest skewing in the other. Importantly, IHC and fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis of intact and dissociated liver samples from both infants showed qualitatively similar patterns, confirming that the chimeric mouse-human liver model recapitulated the native state in each infant. Also of importance was the induction of a treatable metabolic phenotype, orotic aciduria, in mice, which correlated with the presence of clonally expanded OTC-negative primary human hepatocytes. We are currently using this unique model to explore CRISPR-dCas9-based epigenetic targeting strategies in combination with efficient adeno-associated virus (AAV) gene delivery to reactivate the silenced functional OTC gene on the inactive X chromosome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon C Cunningham
- Gene Therapy Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney and Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Westmead, Australia
| | - Eva B van Dijk
- Gene Therapy Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney and Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Westmead, Australia
| | - Erhua Zhu
- Gene Therapy Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney and Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Westmead, Australia
| | - Maya Sugden
- Gene Therapy Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney and Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Westmead, Australia
| | - Mawj Mandwie
- Gene Therapy Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney and Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Westmead, Australia
| | - Susan Siew
- Department of Gastroenterology, James Fairfax Institute of Paediatric Nutrition, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Westmead, Australia
- Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Westmead, Australia
| | - Beena Devanapalli
- NSW Biochemical Genetics Service, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, Australia
| | - Adviye Ayper Tolun
- Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Westmead, Australia
- NSW Biochemical Genetics Service, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, Australia
| | - Anne Klein
- Australian e-Health Research Centre, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Sydney, Australia
| | - Laurence Wilson
- Australian e-Health Research Centre, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Sydney, Australia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, Australia
| | - Nader Aryamanesh
- Embryology Research Unit, Bioinformatics Group, Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Westmead, Australia
| | - Paul Gissen
- National Institute for Health Research Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Julien Baruteau
- National Institute for Health Research Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kaustuv Bhattacharya
- Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Westmead, Australia
- Genetic Metabolic Disorders Service, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ian E Alexander
- Gene Therapy Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney and Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Westmead, Australia
- Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Westmead, Australia
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237
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Chan GH, Houle R, Zhang J, Katwaru R, Li Y, Chu X. Evaluation of the Selectivity of Several Organic Anion Transporting Polypeptide 1B Biomarkers Using Relative Activity Factor Method. Drug Metab Dispos 2023; 51:1089-1104. [PMID: 37137718 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.122.000972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, some endogenous substrates of organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B (OATP1B) have been identified and characterized as potential biomarkers to assess OATP1B-mediated clinical drug-drug interactions (DDIs). However, quantitative determination of their selectivity to OATP1B is still limited. In this study, we developed a relative activity factor (RAF) method to determine the relative contribution of hepatic uptake transporters OATP1B1, OATP1B3, OATP2B1, and sodium-taurocholate co-transporting polypeptide (NTCP) on hepatic uptake of several OATP1B biomarkers, including coproporphyrin I (CPI), coproporphyrin I CPIII, and sulfate conjugates of bile acids: glycochenodeoxycholic acid sulfate (GCDCA-S), glycodeoxycholic acid sulfate (GDCA-S), and taurochenodeoxycholic acid sulfate (TCDCA-S). RAF values for OATP1B1, OATP1B3, OATP2B1, and NTCP were determined in cryopreserved human hepatocytes and transporter transfected cells using pitavastatin, cholecystokinin, resveratrol-3-O-β-D-glucuronide, and taurocholic acid (TCA) as reference compounds, respectively. OATP1B1-specific pitavastatin uptake in hepatocytes was measured in the absence and presence of 1 µM estropipate, whereas NTCP-specific TCA uptake was measured in the presence of 10 µM rifampin. Our studies suggested that CPI was a more selective biomarker for OATP1B1 than CPIII, whereas GCDCA-S and TCDCA-S were more selective to OATP1B3. OATP1B1 and OATP1B3 equally contributed to hepatic uptake of GDCA-S. The mechanistic static model, incorporating the fraction transported of CPI/III estimated by RAF and in vivo elimination data, predicted several perpetrator interactions with CPI/III. Overall, RAF method combined with pharmacogenomic and DDI studies is a useful tool to determine the selectivity of transporter biomarkers and facilitate the selection of appropriate biomarkers for DDI evaluation. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: The authors developed a new relative activity factor (RAF) method to quantify the contribution of hepatic uptake transporters organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP)1B1, OATP1B3, OATP2B1, and sodium taurocholate co-transporting polypeptide (NTCP) on several OATP1B biomarkers and evaluated their predictive value on drug-drug interactions (DDI). These studies suggest that the RAF method is a useful tool to determine the selectivity of transporter biomarkers. This method combined with pharmacogenomic and DDI studies will mechanistically facilitate the selection of appropriate biomarkers for DDI prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Hoyee Chan
- ADME and Discovery Toxicity, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey
| | - Robert Houle
- ADME and Discovery Toxicity, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey
| | - Jinghui Zhang
- ADME and Discovery Toxicity, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey
| | - Ravi Katwaru
- ADME and Discovery Toxicity, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey
| | - Yang Li
- ADME and Discovery Toxicity, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey
| | - Xiaoyan Chu
- ADME and Discovery Toxicity, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey
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238
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Su ZY, Chien JC, Tung YC, Wu TY, Liao JA, Wei GJ. Tangeretin and 4'-demethyltangeretin prevent damage to mouse hepatocytes from oxidative stress by activating the Nrf2-related antioxidant pathway via an epigenetic mechanism. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 382:110650. [PMID: 37517432 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Polymethoxyflavones (PMFs) in citrus fruits have a variety of biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and anti-atherosclerotic effects. The liver is the major detoxifying organ of the human body; however, factors such as acetaminophen (APAP) overdose may increase oxidative stress in liver cells and lead to severe liver failure. In this study we examined the effects of tangeretin (TAN), a common citrus PMF, and its metabolite 4'-demethyltangeretin (4'-OH-TAN) on activation of the Nrf2 antioxidant system in mouse AML-12 hepatocytes through regulation by epigenetic mechanisms. The ability of TAN and 4'-OH-TAN to inhibit APAP-induced hepatotoxicity was also evaluated. The results showed that TAN and 4'-OH-TAN significantly increased the mRNA and protein levels of Nrf2 and Nrf2-mediated antioxidant and detoxifying enzymes (UGT1A, HO-1, and NQO1) in AML-12 cells. TAN and 4'-OH-TAN also suppressed protein expression of histone deacetylases (HDACs) and DNA methyltransferases (DMNTs) and reduced DNA methylation of the nrf2 promoter. Furthermore, TAN and 4'-OH-TAN prevented APAP-induced injury and inhibited APAP-induced ROS generation in AML-12 cells. Based on these results, we conclude that TAN and 4'-OH-TAN may increase the antioxidant capacity of liver cells by regulating epigenetic alteration to activate the Nrf2-related antioxidant system, thereby preventing liver cells from being damaged by APAP-induced oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Yuan Su
- Department of Bioscience Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan City, 320314, Taiwan.
| | - Jen-Chun Chien
- Department of Bioscience Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan City, 320314, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Chen Tung
- Department of Food Science, National Ilan University, Yilan County, 260007, Taiwan
| | - Tien-Yuan Wu
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110301, Taiwan
| | - Jie-An Liao
- Department of Bioscience Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan City, 320314, Taiwan
| | - Guor-Jien Wei
- Institute of Food Safety and Health Risk Assessment, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112304, Taiwan.
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239
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Jilg N, Baumert TF. Unfolding the mechanism of hepatocyte injury of HBV precore and core promoter variants. Hepatology 2023; 78:702-705. [PMID: 37036194 PMCID: PMC7615604 DOI: 10.1097/hep.0000000000000400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaus Jilg
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Thomas F. Baumert
- Université de Strasbourg, Inserm, Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hepatiques UMR_S1110, Strasbourg
- Service d’hépato-gastroentérologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg
- Institut hospitalo-universitaire (IHU), Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Paris
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240
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Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is the most common carcinogenic toxin in livestock and poultry feed, seriously endangering poultry production and public health. Liver is the most important organ for the metabolism of exogenous and endogenous substances in the body. AFB1 produces toxicity under the biotransformation of cytochrome P450 microparticle oxidase (CYP450). Hepatocytes are the most important cells for synthesizing CYP450 enzymes, so that AFB1 has the most significant effect on the liver. AFB1 can induce liver cell damage in poultry through a variety of molecular mechanisms, and the main of damage mechanisms have been discovered so far include oxidative damage, promoting apoptosis, influencing hepatocyte gene expression, interfering with hepatocyte autophagy, pyroptosis and necroptosis. This article reviewed the molecular mechanism of AFB1 inducing liver injury in poultry, hopefully, to provid a new direction and theoretical basis for the development of a new AFB1 detoxification method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100091, China.
| | - Xinghe Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China.
| | - Qingzhu Li
- Liaoning Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110161, China.
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241
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Faccioli LAP, Cetin Z, Kocas-Kilicarslan ZN, Ortiz K, Sun Y, Hu Z, Kurihara T, Tafaleng EN, Florentino RM, Wang Z, Xia M, Miedel MT, Taylor DL, Behari J, Ostrowska A, Constantine R, Li A, Soto-Gutierrez A. Evaluation of Human Hepatocyte Drug Metabolism Carrying High-Risk or Protection-Associated Liver Disease Genetic Variants. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13406. [PMID: 37686209 PMCID: PMC10487897 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic-dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), which affects 30 million people in the US and is anticipated to reach over 100 million by 2030, places a significant financial strain on the healthcare system. There is presently no FDA-approved treatment for MASLD despite its public health significance and financial burden. Understanding the connection between point mutations, liver enzymes, and MASLD is important for comprehending drug toxicity in healthy or diseased individuals. Multiple genetic variations have been linked to MASLD susceptibility through genome-wide association studies (GWAS), either increasing MASLD risk or protecting against it, such as PNPLA3 rs738409, MBOAT7 rs641738, GCKR rs780094, HSD17B13 rs72613567, and MTARC1 rs2642438. As the impact of genetic variants on the levels of drug-metabolizing cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes in human hepatocytes has not been thoroughly investigated, this study aims to describe the analysis of metabolic functions for selected phase I and phase II liver enzymes in human hepatocytes. For this purpose, fresh isolated primary hepatocytes were obtained from healthy liver donors (n = 126), and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was performed. For the cohorts, participants were classified into minor homozygotes and nonminor homozygotes (major homozygotes + heterozygotes) for five gene polymorphisms. For phase I liver enzymes, we found a significant difference in the activity of CYP1A2 in human hepatocytes carrying MBOAT7 (p = 0.011) and of CYP2C8 in human hepatocytes carrying PNPLA3 (p = 0.004). It was also observed that the activity of CYP2C9 was significantly lower in human hepatocytes carrying HSD17B13 (p = 0.001) minor homozygous compared to nonminor homozygous. No significant difference in activity of CYP2E1, CYP2C8, CYP2D6, CYP2E1, CYP3A4, ECOD, FMO, MAO, AO, and CES2 and in any of the phase II liver enzymes between human hepatocytes carrying genetic variants for PNPLA3 rs738409, MBOAT7 rs641738, GCKR rs780094, HSD17B13 rs72613567, and MTARC1 rs2642438 were observed. These findings offer a preliminary assessment of the influence of genetic variations on drug-metabolizing cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes in healthy human hepatocytes, which may be useful for future drug discovery investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanuza A. P. Faccioli
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; (Z.C.); (Z.N.K.-K.); (K.O.); (Y.S.); (Z.H.); (T.K.); (E.N.T.); (R.M.F.); (A.O.)
| | - Zeliha Cetin
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; (Z.C.); (Z.N.K.-K.); (K.O.); (Y.S.); (Z.H.); (T.K.); (E.N.T.); (R.M.F.); (A.O.)
| | - Zehra N. Kocas-Kilicarslan
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; (Z.C.); (Z.N.K.-K.); (K.O.); (Y.S.); (Z.H.); (T.K.); (E.N.T.); (R.M.F.); (A.O.)
| | - Kimberly Ortiz
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; (Z.C.); (Z.N.K.-K.); (K.O.); (Y.S.); (Z.H.); (T.K.); (E.N.T.); (R.M.F.); (A.O.)
| | - Yiyue Sun
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; (Z.C.); (Z.N.K.-K.); (K.O.); (Y.S.); (Z.H.); (T.K.); (E.N.T.); (R.M.F.); (A.O.)
| | - Zhiping Hu
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; (Z.C.); (Z.N.K.-K.); (K.O.); (Y.S.); (Z.H.); (T.K.); (E.N.T.); (R.M.F.); (A.O.)
| | - Takeshi Kurihara
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; (Z.C.); (Z.N.K.-K.); (K.O.); (Y.S.); (Z.H.); (T.K.); (E.N.T.); (R.M.F.); (A.O.)
| | - Edgar N. Tafaleng
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; (Z.C.); (Z.N.K.-K.); (K.O.); (Y.S.); (Z.H.); (T.K.); (E.N.T.); (R.M.F.); (A.O.)
| | - Rodrigo M. Florentino
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; (Z.C.); (Z.N.K.-K.); (K.O.); (Y.S.); (Z.H.); (T.K.); (E.N.T.); (R.M.F.); (A.O.)
- Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, Human Synthetic Liver Biology Core, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; (D.L.T.); (J.B.)
| | - Zi Wang
- Department of Statistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA;
| | - Mengying Xia
- Drug Discovery Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; (M.X.); (M.T.M.)
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Mark T. Miedel
- Drug Discovery Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; (M.X.); (M.T.M.)
- Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - D. Lansing Taylor
- Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, Human Synthetic Liver Biology Core, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; (D.L.T.); (J.B.)
- Department of Statistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA;
- Drug Discovery Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; (M.X.); (M.T.M.)
| | - Jaideep Behari
- Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, Human Synthetic Liver Biology Core, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; (D.L.T.); (J.B.)
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Alina Ostrowska
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; (Z.C.); (Z.N.K.-K.); (K.O.); (Y.S.); (Z.H.); (T.K.); (E.N.T.); (R.M.F.); (A.O.)
- Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, Human Synthetic Liver Biology Core, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; (D.L.T.); (J.B.)
| | | | - Albert Li
- Discovery Life Sciences, Huntsville, AL 35806, USA; (R.C.); (A.L.)
| | - Alejandro Soto-Gutierrez
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; (Z.C.); (Z.N.K.-K.); (K.O.); (Y.S.); (Z.H.); (T.K.); (E.N.T.); (R.M.F.); (A.O.)
- Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, Human Synthetic Liver Biology Core, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; (D.L.T.); (J.B.)
- Drug Discovery Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; (M.X.); (M.T.M.)
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
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242
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Wakabayashi N, Yagishita Y, Joshi T, Kensler TW. Forced Hepatic Expression of NRF2 or NQO1 Impedes Hepatocyte Lipid Accumulation in a Lipodystrophy Mouse Model. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13345. [PMID: 37686150 PMCID: PMC10487640 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipodystrophy is a disorder featuring loss of normal adipose tissue depots due to impaired production of normal adipocytes. It leads to a gain of fat deposition in ectopic tissues such as liver and skeletal muscle that results in steatosis, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance. Previously, we established a Rosa NIC/NIC::AdiCre lipodystrophy model mouse. The lipodystrophic phenotype that included hepatomegaly accompanied with hepatic damage due to higher lipid accumulation was attenuated substantially by amplified systemic NRF2 signaling in mice with hypomorphic expression of Keap1; whole-body Nrf2 deletion abrogated this protection. To determine whether hepatic-specific NRF2 signaling would be sufficient for protection against hepatomegaly and fatty liver development, direct, powerful, transient expression of Nrf2 or its target gene Nqo1 was achieved by administration through hydrodynamic tail vein injection of pCAG expression vectors of dominant-active Nrf2 and Nqo1 in Rosa NIC/NIC::AdiCre mice fed a 9% fat diet. Both vectors enabled protection from hepatic damage, with the pCAG-Nqo1 vector being the more effective as seen with a ~50% decrease in hepatic triglyceride levels. Therefore, activating NRF2 signaling or direct elevation of NQO1 in the liver provides new possibilities to partially reduce steatosis that accompanies lipodystrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobunao Wakabayashi
- Translational Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA or (Y.Y.); (T.J.); (T.W.K.)
| | - Yoko Yagishita
- Translational Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA or (Y.Y.); (T.J.); (T.W.K.)
- Division of Endocrinology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Tanvi Joshi
- Translational Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA or (Y.Y.); (T.J.); (T.W.K.)
| | - Thomas W. Kensler
- Translational Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA or (Y.Y.); (T.J.); (T.W.K.)
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243
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Petagine L, Zariwala MG, Patel VB. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Immunological mechanisms and current treatments. World J Gastroenterol 2023; 29:4831-4850. [PMID: 37701135 PMCID: PMC10494768 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i32.4831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) causes significant global disease burden and is a leading cause of mortality. NAFLD induces a myriad of aberrant changes in hepatocytes at both the cellular and molecular level. Although the disease spectrum of NAFLD is widely recognised, the precise triggers for disease progression are still to be fully elucidated. Furthermore, the propagation to cirrhosis is poorly understood. Whilst some progress in terms of treatment options have been explored, an incomplete understanding of the hepatic cellular and molecular alterations limits their clinical utility. We have therefore reviewed some of the key pathways responsible for the pathogenesis of NAFLD such as innate and adaptative immunity, lipotoxicity and fibrogenesis, and highlighted current trials and treatment options for NAFLD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy Petagine
- Centre for Nutraceuticals, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London W1W6UW, United Kingdom
| | - Mohammed Gulrez Zariwala
- Centre for Nutraceuticals, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London W1W6UW, United Kingdom
| | - Vinood B Patel
- Centre for Nutraceuticals, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London W1W6UW, United Kingdom
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244
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Zhang Q, Song S, Jiang R, Zhang J, Na L. Protective effect of manganese treatment on insulin resistance in HepG2 hepatocytes. NUTR HOSP 2023; 40:746-754. [PMID: 37409718 DOI: 10.20960/nh.04521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Objectives: manganese (Mn) is closely related to type 2 diabetes mellitus and insulin resistance (IR), but the exact mechanism is unclear. This study aimed to explore the regulatory effects and mechanism of Mn on IR using hepatocyte IR model induced by high palmitate (PA), high glucose (HG) or insulin. Methods: HepG2 cells were exposed to PA (200 μM), HG (25 mM) or insulin (100 nM) respectively, alone or with 5 μM Mn for 24 hours. The expression of key proteins in insulin signaling pathway, intracellular glycogen content and glucose accumulation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and Mn superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) activity were detected. Results: compared with control group, the expression of phosphorylated protein kinase B (Akt), glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) and forkhead box O1 (FOXO1) in the three IR groups was declined, and this decrease was reversed by Mn. The reduction of intracellular glycogen content and increase in glucose accumulation in IR groups were also inhibited by Mn. Additionally, the production of ROS was increased in IR models, compared with normal control group, while Mn reduced the excessive production of ROS induced by PA, HG or insulin. However, Mn did not alter the activity of MnSOD in the three IR models. Conclusion: this study demonstrated that Mn treatment can improve IR in hepatocytes. The mechanism is probably by reducing the level of intracellular oxidative stress, enhancing the activity of Akt/GSK-3β/FOXO1 signal pathway, promoting glycogen synthesis, and inhibiting gluconeogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shili Song
- Linping District Center for Disease Control and Prevention
| | - Ruyue Jiang
- Publich Health College. Harbin Medical University
| | - Jingyi Zhang
- College of Public Health. Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences
| | - Lixin Na
- Collaborative Innovation Center. Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences
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245
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Correia CM, Præstholm SM, Havelund JF, Pedersen FB, Siersbæk MS, Ebbesen MF, Gerhart-Hines Z, Heeren J, Brewer J, Larsen S, Blagoev B, Færgeman NJ, Grøntved L. Acute Deletion of the Glucocorticoid Receptor in Hepatocytes Disrupts Postprandial Lipid Metabolism in Male Mice. Endocrinology 2023; 164:bqad128. [PMID: 37610219 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqad128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Hepatic lipid metabolism is highly dynamic, and disruption of several circadian transcriptional regulators results in hepatic steatosis. This includes genetic disruption of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) as the liver develops. To address the functional role of GR in the adult liver, we used an acute hepatocyte-specific GR knockout model to study temporal hepatic lipid metabolism governed by GR at several preprandial and postprandial circadian timepoints. Lipidomics analysis revealed significant temporal lipid metabolism, where GR disruption results in impaired regulation of specific triglycerides, nonesterified fatty acids, and sphingolipids. This correlates with increased number and size of lipid droplets and mildly reduced mitochondrial respiration, most noticeably in the postprandial phase. Proteomics and transcriptomics analyses suggest that dysregulated lipid metabolism originates from pronounced induced expression of enzymes involved in fatty acid synthesis, β-oxidation, and sphingolipid metabolism. Integration of GR cistromic data suggests that induced gene expression is a result of regulatory actions secondary to direct GR effects on gene transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Mendes Correia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark
| | - Stine Marie Præstholm
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark
| | - Jesper Foged Havelund
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark
| | - Felix Boel Pedersen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark
| | - Majken Storm Siersbæk
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark
| | - Morten Frendø Ebbesen
- DaMBIC, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark
| | - Zach Gerhart-Hines
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research (CBMR), Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Joerg Heeren
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jonathan Brewer
- DaMBIC, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark
| | - Steen Larsen
- Xlab, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Blagoy Blagoev
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark
| | - Nils Joakim Færgeman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark
| | - Lars Grøntved
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark
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246
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Hendrix S, Kingma J, Ottenhoff R, Valiloo M, Svecla M, Zijlstra LF, Sachdev V, Kovac K, Levels JHM, Jongejan A, de Boer JF, Kuipers F, Rimbert A, Norata GD, Loregger A, Zelcer N. Hepatic SREBP signaling requires SPRING to govern systemic lipid metabolism in mice and humans. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5181. [PMID: 37626055 PMCID: PMC10457316 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40943-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBPs) are transcription factors that govern cholesterol and fatty acid metabolism. We recently identified SPRING as a post-transcriptional regulator of SREBP activation. Constitutive or inducible global ablation of Spring in mice is not tolerated, and we therefore develop liver-specific Spring knockout mice (LKO). Transcriptomics and proteomics analysis reveal attenuated SREBP signaling in livers and hepatocytes of LKO mice. Total plasma cholesterol is reduced in male and female LKO mice in both the low-density lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein fractions, while triglycerides are unaffected. Loss of Spring decreases hepatic cholesterol and triglyceride content due to diminished biosynthesis, which coincides with reduced very-low-density lipoprotein secretion. Accordingly, LKO mice are protected from fructose diet-induced hepatosteatosis. In humans, we find common genetic SPRING variants that associate with circulating high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and ApoA1 levels. This study positions SPRING as a core component of hepatic SREBP signaling and systemic lipid metabolism in mice and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Hendrix
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences and Gastroenterology and Metabolism, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jenina Kingma
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences and Gastroenterology and Metabolism, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Roelof Ottenhoff
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences and Gastroenterology and Metabolism, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Masoud Valiloo
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences and Gastroenterology and Metabolism, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Monika Svecla
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Lobke F Zijlstra
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences and Gastroenterology and Metabolism, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Vinay Sachdev
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences and Gastroenterology and Metabolism, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kristina Kovac
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences and Gastroenterology and Metabolism, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes H M Levels
- Department of Experimental Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Aldo Jongejan
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Bioinformatics Laboratory, of Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jan F de Boer
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Folkert Kuipers
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing (ERIBA), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Antoine Rimbert
- l'institut du thorax, Nantes Université, CNRS, INSERM, F-44000, Nantes, France
| | - Giuseppe D Norata
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Anke Loregger
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences and Gastroenterology and Metabolism, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Myllia Biotechnology GmbH, Am Kanal 27, 1110, Vienna, Austria
| | - Noam Zelcer
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences and Gastroenterology and Metabolism, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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247
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Convertini P, Santarsiero A, Todisco S, Gilio M, Palazzo D, Pappalardo I, Iacobazzi D, Frontuto M, Infantino V. ACLY as a modulator of liver cell functions and its role in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis. J Transl Med 2023; 21:568. [PMID: 37620891 PMCID: PMC10463545 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04431-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD), now better known as Metabolic (Dysfunction)-Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD) and its progression to Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH), more recently referred to as Metabolic (Dysfunction)-Associated Steatohepatitis (MASH) are the most common causes of liver failure and chronic liver damage. The new names emphasize the metabolic involvement both in relation to liver function and pathological features with extrahepatic manifestations. This study aims to explore the role of the immunometabolic enzyme ATP citrate lyase (ACLY), with a critical function in lipogenesis, carbohydrate metabolism, gene expression and inflammation. METHODS ACLY function was investigated in TNFα-triggered human hepatocytes and in PBMC-derived macrophages from MASH patients. Evaluation of expression levels was carried out by western blotting and/or RT-qPCR. In the presence or absence of ACLY inhibitors, ROS, lipid peroxidation and GSSG oxidative stress biomarkers were quantified. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), transient transfections, immunocytochemistry, histone acetylation quantitation were used to investigate ACLY function in gene expression reprogramming. IL-6 and IL-1β were quantified by Lumit immunoassays. RESULTS Mechanistically, ACLY inhibition reverted lipid accumulation and oxidative damage while reduced secretion of inflammatory cytokines in TNFα-triggered human hepatocytes. These effects impacted not only on lipid metabolism but also on other crucial features of liver function such as redox status and production of inflammatory mediators. Moreover, ACLY mRNA levels together with those of malic enzyme 1 (ME1) increased in human PBMC-derived macrophages from MASH patients when compared to age-matched healthy controls. Remarkably, a combination of hydroxycitrate (HCA), the natural ACLY inhibitor, with red wine powder (RWP) significantly lowered ACLY and ME1 mRNA amount as well as IL-6 and IL-1β production in macrophages from subjects with MASH. CONCLUSION Collectively, our findings for the first time highlight a broad spectrum of ACLY functions in liver as well as in the pathogenesis of MASH and its diagnostic and therapeutic potential value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Convertini
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100, Potenza, Italy
| | - Anna Santarsiero
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100, Potenza, Italy
| | - Simona Todisco
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100, Potenza, Italy
| | - Michele Gilio
- Infectious Diseases Unit, San Carlo Hospital, Via Potito Petrone, 85100, Potenza, Italy
| | - Donatella Palazzo
- Infectious Diseases Unit, San Carlo Hospital, Via Potito Petrone, 85100, Potenza, Italy
| | - Ilaria Pappalardo
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100, Potenza, Italy
| | - Dominga Iacobazzi
- Bristol Medical School, Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS2 8HW, UK
| | - Maria Frontuto
- Infectious Diseases Unit, San Carlo Hospital, Via Potito Petrone, 85100, Potenza, Italy
| | - Vittoria Infantino
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100, Potenza, Italy.
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248
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Todorova VK, Byrum SD, Mackintosh SG, Jamshidi-Parsian A, Gies AJ, Washam CL, Jenkins SV, Spiva T, Bowman E, Reyna NS, Griffin RJ, Makhoul I. Exosomal MicroRNA and Protein Profiles of Hepatitis B Virus-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13098. [PMID: 37685904 PMCID: PMC10487651 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a main risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Extracellular vesicles, such as exosomes, play an important role in tumor development and metastasis, including regulation of HBV-related HCC. In this study, we have characterized exosome microRNA and proteins released in vitro from hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related HCC cell lines SNU-423 and SNU-182 and immortalized normal hepatocyte cell lines (THLE2 and THLE3) using microRNA sequencing and mass spectrometry. Bioinformatics, including functional enrichment and network analysis, combined with survival analysis using data related to HCC in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, were applied to examine the prognostic significance of the results. More than 40 microRNAs and 200 proteins were significantly dysregulated (p < 0.05) in the exosomes released from HCC cells in comparison with the normal liver cells. The functional analysis of the differentially expressed exosomal miRNAs (i.e., mir-483, mir-133a, mir-34a, mir-155, mir-183, mir-182), their predicted targets, and exosomal differentially expressed proteins (i.e., POSTN, STAM, EXOC8, SNX9, COL1A2, IDH1, FN1) showed correlation with pathways associated with HBV, virus activity and invasion, exosome formation and adhesion, and exogenous protein binding. The results from this study may help in our understanding of the role of HBV infection in the development of HCC and in the development of new targets for treatment or non-invasive predictive biomarkers of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina K. Todorova
- Department of Internal Medicine/Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA;
| | - Stephanie D. Byrum
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA; (S.D.B.); (S.G.M.); (A.J.G.); (C.L.W.)
| | - Samuel G. Mackintosh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA; (S.D.B.); (S.G.M.); (A.J.G.); (C.L.W.)
| | - Azemat Jamshidi-Parsian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA; (A.J.-P.); (S.V.J.); (R.J.G.)
| | - Allen J. Gies
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA; (S.D.B.); (S.G.M.); (A.J.G.); (C.L.W.)
| | - Charity L. Washam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA; (S.D.B.); (S.G.M.); (A.J.G.); (C.L.W.)
| | - Samir V. Jenkins
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA; (A.J.-P.); (S.V.J.); (R.J.G.)
| | - Timothy Spiva
- Biology Department, Ouachita Baptist University, Arkadelphia, AR 71998, USA; (T.S.); (E.B.); (N.S.R.)
| | - Emily Bowman
- Biology Department, Ouachita Baptist University, Arkadelphia, AR 71998, USA; (T.S.); (E.B.); (N.S.R.)
| | - Nathan S. Reyna
- Biology Department, Ouachita Baptist University, Arkadelphia, AR 71998, USA; (T.S.); (E.B.); (N.S.R.)
| | - Robert J. Griffin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA; (A.J.-P.); (S.V.J.); (R.J.G.)
| | - Issam Makhoul
- Department of Internal Medicine/Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA;
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Arakawa H, Nakazono Y, Matsuoka N, Hayashi M, Shirasaka Y, Hirao A, Tamai I. Induction of open-form bile canaliculus formation by hepatocytes for evaluation of biliary drug excretion. Commun Biol 2023; 6:866. [PMID: 37608051 PMCID: PMC10444810 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05216-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Biliary excretion is a major drug elimination pathway that affects their efficacy and safety. The currently available in vitro sandwich-cultured hepatocyte method is cumbersome because drugs accumulate in the closed bile canalicular lumen formed between hepatocytes and their amounts cannot be mealsured directly. This study proposes a hepatocyte culture model for the rapid evaluation of drug biliary excretion using permeation assays. When hepatocytes are cultured on a permeable support coated with the cell adhesion protein claudins, an open-form bile canalicular lumen is formed at the surface of the permeable support. Upon application to the basolateral (blood) side, drugs appear on the bile canalicular side. The biliary excretion clearance of several drugs, as estimated from the obtained permeabilities, correlates well with the reported in vivo biliary excretion clearance in humans. Thus, the established model is useful for applications in the efficient evaluation of biliary excretion during drug discovery and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Arakawa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Yuya Nakazono
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Natsumi Matsuoka
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Momoka Hayashi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Shirasaka
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Atsushi Hirao
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
- WPI Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-Nano LSI), Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Ikumi Tamai
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan.
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250
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Hora S, Wuestefeld T. Liver Injury and Regeneration: Current Understanding, New Approaches, and Future Perspectives. Cells 2023; 12:2129. [PMID: 37681858 PMCID: PMC10486351 DOI: 10.3390/cells12172129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The liver is a complex organ with the ability to regenerate itself in response to injury. However, several factors can contribute to liver damage beyond repair. Liver injury can be caused by viral infections, alcoholic liver disease, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, and drug-induced liver injury. Understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in liver injury and regeneration is critical to developing effective therapies for liver diseases. Liver regeneration is a complex process that involves the interplay of various signaling pathways, cell types, and extracellular matrix components. The activation of quiescent hepatocytes that proliferate and restore the liver mass by upregulating genes involved in cell-cycle progression, DNA repair, and mitochondrial function; the proliferation and differentiation of progenitor cells, also known as oval cells, into hepatocytes that contribute to liver regeneration; and the recruitment of immune cells to release cytokines and angiogenic factors that promote or inhibit cell proliferation are some examples of the regenerative processes. Recent advances in the fields of gene editing, tissue engineering, stem cell differentiation, small interfering RNA-based therapies, and single-cell transcriptomics have paved a roadmap for future research into liver regeneration as well as for the identification of previously unknown cell types and gene expression patterns. In summary, liver injury and regeneration is a complex and dynamic process. A better understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms driving this phenomenon could lead to the development of new therapies for liver diseases and improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shainan Hora
- Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 60 Biopolis Street, Genome, Singapore 138672, Singapore;
| | - Torsten Wuestefeld
- Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 60 Biopolis Street, Genome, Singapore 138672, Singapore;
- National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore 168583, Singapore
- School of Biological Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore
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