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Swami P, Anand S, Holani A, Gupta S. Impedance Spectroscopy for Bacterial Cell Monitoring, Analysis, and Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024. [PMID: 39385605 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c01907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/12/2024]
Abstract
Conventional approaches for bacterial cell analysis are hindered by lengthy processing times and tedious protocols that rely on gene amplification and cell culture. Impedance spectroscopy has emerged as a promising tool for efficient real-time bacterial monitoring, owing to its simple, label-free nature and cost-effectiveness. However, its limited practical applications in real-world scenarios pose a significant challenge. In this review, we provide a comprehensive study of impedance spectroscopy and its practical utilization in bacterial system measurements. We begin by outlining the fundamentals of impedance theory and modeling, specific to bacterial systems. We then offer insights into various strategies for bacterial cell detection and discuss the role of impedance spectroscopy in antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) and single-cell analysis. Additionally, we explore key aspects of impedance system design, including the influence of electrodes, media, and cell enrichment techniques on the sensitivity, specificity, detection speed, concentration accuracy, and cost-effectiveness of current impedance biosensors. By combining different biosensor design parameters, impedance theory, and detection principles, we propose that impedance applications can be expanded to point-of-care diagnostics, enhancing their practical utility. This Perspective focuses exclusively on ideally polarizable (fully capacitive) electrodes, excluding any consideration of charge transfer resulting from Faradaic reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pragya Swami
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Delhi 110016, India
| | - Satyam Anand
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Delhi 110016, India
| | - Anurag Holani
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Delhi 110016, India
| | - Shalini Gupta
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Delhi 110016, India
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2
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Long X, Gong Z, Gan Y, Yuan P, Tang Y, Yang Y, Zhong S. Sensitive Detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 Using Allosteric Probe and Hairpin Switches-Based Isothermal Transcription Amplification. Anal Chem 2024; 96:15608-15613. [PMID: 39307963 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c02413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/02/2024]
Abstract
Pathogens pose a serious threat to public and population health, leading to serious outbreak and spread of diseases irrespective of the region. The capability to directly, sensitively, and specifically detect viable pathogens in low numbers in food and clinical samples is very desirable but remains a challenge. In this work, we present a novel assay of a combination of an aptamer-based allosteric probe and hairpin switch-controlled T7 RNA polymerase-based isothermal transcription amplification, which enables rapid, ultrasensitive, label-free detection of direct pathogens. It can detect Escherichia coli as low as 73.2 CFU/mL. Moreover, with the usage of the proposed assay, sensitive quantification of E. coliO157:H7 in milk samples has been achieved, showing significant potential as a simple and sensitive tool to quantify pathogens in milk and other foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Long
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Zan Gong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Yuqing Gan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Panpan Yuan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Yalan Tang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Yanjing Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Shian Zhong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of the Research and Development of Novel Pharmaceutical Preparations, the "Double-First Class" Application Characteristic Discipline of Hunan Province (Pharmaceutical Science), Changsha Medical University, Changsha 410219, China
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3
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C S S, Kini V, Singh M, Mukhopadhyay C, Nag P, Sadani K. Disposable electrochemical biosensors for the detection of bacteria in the light of antimicrobial resistance. Biotechnol Bioeng 2024; 121:2549-2584. [PMID: 38822742 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Persistent and inappropriate use of antibiotics is causing rife antimicrobial resistance (AMR) worldwide. Common bacterial infections are thus becoming increasingly difficult to treat without the use of last resort antibiotics. This has necessitated a situation where it is imperative to confirm the infection to be bacterial, before treating it with antimicrobial speculatively. Conventional methods of bacteria detection are either culture based which take anywhere between 24 and 96 hor require sophisticated molecular analysis equipment with libraries and trained operators. These are difficult propositions for resource limited community healthcare setups of developing or less developed countries. Customized, inexpensive, point-of-care (PoC) biosensors are thus being researched and developed for rapid detection of bacterial pathogens. The development and optimization of disposable sensor substrates is the first and crucial step in development of such PoC systems. The substrates should facilitate easy charge transfer, a high surface to volume ratio, be tailorable by the various bio-conjugation chemistries, preserve the integrity of the biorecognition element, yet be inexpensive. Such sensor substrates thus need to be thoroughly investigated. Further, if such systems were made disposable, they would attain immunity to biofouling. This article discusses a few potential disposable electrochemical sensor substrates deployed for detection of bacteria for environmental and healthcare applications. The technologies have significant potential in helping reduce bacterial infections and checking AMR. This could help save lives of people succumbing to bacterial infections, as well as improve the overall quality of lives of people in low- and middle-income countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreelakshmi C S
- Department of Microbiology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Vrinda Kini
- Department of Instrumentation and Control, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Maargavi Singh
- Department of Instrumentation and Control, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Chiranjay Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Microbiology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Pooja Nag
- Department of Mechatronics, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Kapil Sadani
- Department of Instrumentation and Control, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
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Zeeshan, Bahrami S, Park S, Cho S. Antibody functionalized capacitance sensor for label-free and real-time detection of bacteria and antibiotic susceptibility. Talanta 2024; 272:125831. [PMID: 38428133 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.125831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
The effective management of infectious diseases and the growing concern of antibiotic resistance necessitates accurate and targeted therapies, highlighting the importance of antibiotic susceptibility testing. This study aimed to develop a real-time impedimetric biosensor for identifying and monitoring bacterial growth and antibiotic susceptibility. The biosensor employed a gold 8-channel disk-shaped microelectrode array with specific antibodies as bio-recognition elements. This setup was allowed for the analysis of bacterial samples, including Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, and Micrococcus luteus. These microorganisms were successfully cultured and detected within 1 h of incubation even with a minimal bacterial concentration of 10 CFU/ml. Overall, the developed biosensor array exhibits promising capabilities for monitoring S. aureus, B. cereus and M. luteus, showcasing an excellent linear response ranging from 10 to 104 CFU/ml with a detection limit of 0.95, 1.22 and 1.04 CFU/mL respectively. Moreover, real-time monitoring of antibiotic susceptibility was facilitated by changes in capacitance, which dropped when bacteria were exposed to antibiotic doses higher than their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), indicating suppressed bacterial growth. The capacitance measurements enabled determination of half-maximal cytotoxic concentrations (CC50) values for each bacteria-antibiotic pair. As a proof-of-concept application, the developed sensor array was employed as a sensing platform for the real time detection of bacteria in milk samples, which ensured the reliability of the sensor for in-field detection of foodborne pathogens and rapid antimicrobial susceptibility tests (ASTs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeeshan
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnamdaero, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13120, South Korea.
| | - Sadra Bahrami
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Seobu-ro 2066, Jangan-gu, Suwon, 16419, South Korea.
| | - Sungsu Park
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Seobu-ro 2066, Jangan-gu, Suwon, 16419, South Korea.
| | - Sungbo Cho
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnamdaero, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13120, South Korea; Department of Health Science and Technology, GAIHST, Gachon University, Incheon, 21999, South Korea.
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Shirzad H, Panji M, Nezhad SAM, Houshmand P, Tamai IA. One-pot rapid visual detection of E. coli O157:H7 by label-free AuNP-based plasmonic-aptasensor in water sample. J Microbiol Methods 2024; 217-218:106858. [PMID: 38040292 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2023.106858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Access to clean water for irrigation and drinking has long been a global concern. The need for fast, precise, and cost-effective methods to detect harmful bacteria like Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) serotype O157:H7 is high due to the potential for severe infectious diseases. Fortunately, recent research has led to developing and utilizing rapid bacterial detection methods. The creation of an aptamer-based biosensor (aptasensor) for the detection of E. coli O157:H7 using label-free aptamers and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) is described in this study. The specific aptamers that can detect target bacteria are adsorbed on the surface of unmodified AuNPs to form the aptasensor. The detection is performed by target bacterium-induced aptasensor aggregation, which is associated with a red-to-purple color change under high-salt circumstances. We devised a quick and easy method for detecting bacteria using an anti-E. coli O157:H7 aptamer without the need for specialized equipment or pretreatment processes like cell lysis. The aptasensor could identify target bacteria with only as few as 250 colony-forming units (CFU)/ml in 15 min or less, and its specificity based on our test was 100%. This method not only provides a fast direct preparation process but also exhibits remarkable proficiency in promptly identifying the intended target with a heightened level of sensitivity and specificity. Therefore, it can serve as an intelligent tool for monitoring water reservoirs and preventing the transmission of infectious diseases associated with EHEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Shirzad
- Research Center for Life & Health Sciences & Biotechnology of the Police, Directorate of Health, Rescue & Treatment, Police Headquarter, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Panji
- Research Center for Life & Health Sciences & Biotechnology of the Police, Directorate of Health, Rescue & Treatment, Police Headquarter, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Amin Mousavi Nezhad
- Research Center for Life & Health Sciences & Biotechnology of the Police, Directorate of Health, Rescue & Treatment, Police Headquarter, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pouya Houshmand
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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Wang S, Zhong Y, Gong Z, Zhu X, Wen K, Wei S, He Z, Wang Z, Xiong J, Zhang S, Liu X, Zhang L, Shen J, Jiang H. Novel Label-Free Nanocrystalline Gold Interdigitated Microelectrode Immunosensor for the Rapid and Ultrasensitive Detection of SARS-CoV-2. ACS Sens 2023; 8:2933-2944. [PMID: 37403925 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.2c02141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
Waves of COVID-19 outbreaks have dragged down the global economy and endangered human life. There is an urgent need for timeliness and sensitive SARS-CoV-2 detection techniques to complement the existing PCR assay. Herein, the controllable growth of gold crystalline grains was achieved by applying the reverse current during pulse electrochemical deposition (PED) interval. The proposed method validates the effects of pulse reverse current (PRC) on the atomic arrangement, crystal structures, orientations, and film characteristics in Au PED. The gap between the gold grains on the surface of the nanocrystalline gold interdigitated microelectrodes (NG-IDME) fabricated by the PED+PRC process matches the size of the antiviral antibody. Immunosensors are prepared by binding a large number of antiviral antibodies on the surface of NG-IDME. The NG-IDME immunosensor has a high specific capture ability for SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein (SARS-CoV-2/N-Pro) and completes ultrasensitive and quantification of SARS-CoV-2/N-Pro in humans and pets within 5 min (the LOQ as low as 75 fg/mL). The specificity, accuracy, stability, and actual blind sample tests show that the NG-IDME immunosensor is suitable for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in humans and animals. This approach assists in monitoring the transmission of SARS-CoV-2-infected animals to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihan Wang
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Security, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Yougang Zhong
- Department of Veterinary Theriogenology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Gong
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Security, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
- Department of Applied Physics, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoli Zhu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Waterloo Institute of Nanotechnology (WIN), University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Kai Wen
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Security, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Shuhua Wei
- School of Information Science and Technology, North China University of Technology, Beijing 100144, P. R. China
| | - Zhiwei He
- Department of Applied Physics, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
| | - Zile Wang
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Security, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Jincheng Xiong
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Security, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Security, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Xiaotian Liu
- Department of Veterinary Theriogenology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Security, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Jianzhong Shen
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Security, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Haiyang Jiang
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Security, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
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7
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Khan AU. Expansion of the Analytical Modeling of Capacitance for 1-N-1 Multilayered CID Structures with Monotonically Increasing/Decreasing Permittivity. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:5838. [PMID: 37447688 DOI: 10.3390/s23135838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Capacitive sensors that utilize the Coplanar Interdigitated (CID) electrode structure are widely employed in various technical and analytical domains, such as healthcare, infectious disease management, pharmaceuticals, metrology, and environmental monitoring. The present exigency for lab-on-a-chip contrivances and the requisite for the miniaturization of sensors have led to the widespread adoption of CID sensors featuring multiple dielectric layers (DLs), either in the form of substrates or superstrates. Previously, we derived an analytical model for the capacitance of CID capacitive sensors with four distinct 1-N-1 patterns (namely, 1-1-1, 1-3-1, 1-5-1, and 1-11-1) using partial capacitance (PC) and conformal mapping (CM) techniques. The aforementioned model has been employed in various applications wherein the permittivity of successive layers exhibits a monotonic decrease as one moves away from the electrode plane, resulting in highly satisfactory outcomes. Nevertheless, the PC technique is inadequate for structures with multiple layers where the permittivity exhibits a monotonic increase as the distance from the electrodes increases. Given these circumstances, it is necessary to adapt the initial PC method to incorporate these novel configurations. In this work, we have discussed a new approach, splitting the concept of PC into partial parallel capacitance (PPC) and partial serial capacitance (PSC), where new CM transformations are proposed for the latter case. Thus, the present study proposes a novel methodology to expand upon our prior analytical framework, which aims to incorporate scenarios where the permittivity experiences a reduction across successive layers. The outcomes are juxtaposed with the finite element simulation and analytical findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anwar Ulla Khan
- Department of Electrical Engineering Technology, College of Applied Industrial Technology, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
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8
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Robin P, Gerber-Lemaire S. Design and Preparation of Sensing Surfaces for Capacitive Biodetection. BIOSENSORS 2022; 13:17. [PMID: 36671852 PMCID: PMC9856139 DOI: 10.3390/bios13010017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Despite their high sensitivity and their suitability for miniaturization, biosensors are still limited for clinical applications due to the lack of reproducibility and specificity of their detection performance. The design and preparation of sensing surfaces are suspected to be a cause of these limitations. Here, we first present an updated overview of the current state of use of capacitive biosensors in a medical context. Then, we summarize the encountered strategies for the fabrication of capacitive biosensing surfaces. Finally, we describe the characteristics which govern the performance of the sensing surfaces, along with recent developments that were suggested to overcome their main current limitations.
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Itri S, del Giudice D, Mugnano M, Tkachenko V, Uusitalo S, Kokkonen A, Päkkilä I, Ottevaere H, Nie Y, Mazzon E, Gugliandolo A, Ferraro P, Grilli S. A pin-based pyro-electrohydrodynamic jet sensor for tuning the accumulation of biomolecules down to sub-picogram level detection. SENSING AND BIO-SENSING RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sbsr.2022.100536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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10
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Banakar M, Hamidi M, Khurshid Z, Zafar MS, Sapkota J, Azizian R, Rokaya D. Electrochemical Biosensors for Pathogen Detection: An Updated Review. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12110927. [PMID: 36354437 PMCID: PMC9688024 DOI: 10.3390/bios12110927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical biosensors are a family of biosensors that use an electrochemical transducer to perform their functions. In recent decades, many electrochemical biosensors have been created for pathogen detection. These biosensors for detecting infections have been comprehensively studied in terms of transduction elements, biorecognition components, and electrochemical methods. This review discusses the biorecognition components that may be used to identify pathogens. These include antibodies and aptamers. The integration of transducers and electrode changes in biosensor design is a major discussion topic. Pathogen detection methods can be categorized by sample preparation and secondary binding processes. Diagnostics in medicine, environmental monitoring, and biothreat detection can benefit from electrochemical biosensors to ensure food and water safety. Disposable and reusable biosensors for process monitoring, as well as multiplexed and conformal pathogen detection, are all included in this review. It is now possible to identify a wide range of diseases using biosensors that may be applied to food, bodily fluids, and even objects' surfaces. The sensitivity of optical techniques may be superior to electrochemical approaches, but optical methods are prohibitively expensive and challenging for most end users to utilize. On the other hand, electrochemical approaches are simpler to use, but their efficacy in identifying infections is still far from satisfactory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Banakar
- Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14176-14411, Iran
- Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71348-45794, Iran
| | - Masoud Hamidi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Paramedicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht 41887-94755, Iran
| | - Zohaib Khurshid
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, College of Dentistry, King Faisal University, Al-Hofuf, Al Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Center of Excellence for Regenerative Dentistry, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Muhammad Sohail Zafar
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Al Madinah, Al Munawwarah 41311, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Dental Materials, Islamic International Dental College, Riphah International University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Janak Sapkota
- Research Center of Applied Sciences and Technology, Kritipur 44600, Nepal
| | - Reza Azizian
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases Research Center (PIDRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14197-33151, Iran
- Biomedical Innovation & Start-Up Association (Biomino), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14166-34793, Iran
| | - Dinesh Rokaya
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Walailak University International College of Dentistry, Walailak University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
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Langmuir–Blodgett based ordered deposition of functionalized iron oxide nanoparticles for ultrasensitive detection of Escherichia coli O157: H7. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.107708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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12
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Impact of Surface Area on Sensitivity in Autonomously Reporting Sensing Hydrogel Nanomaterials for the Detection of Bacterial Enzymes. CHEMOSENSORS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors10080299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The rapid and selective detection of bacterial contaminations and bacterial infections in a non-laboratory setting using advanced sensing materials holds the promise to enable robust point-of-care tests and rapid diagnostics for applications in the medical field as well as food safety. Among the various possible analytes, bacterial enzymes have been targeted successfully in various sensing formats. In this current work, we focus on the systematic investigation of the role of surface area on the sensitivity in micro- and nanostructured autonomously reporting sensing hydrogel materials for the detection of bacterial enzymes. The colorimetric sensing materials for the detection of β-glucuronidase (ß-GUS) from Escherichia coli (E. coli) were fabricated by template replication of crosslinked pullulan acetoacetate (PUAA) and by electrospinning chitosan/polyethylene oxide nanofibers (CS/PEO NFs), both equipped with the chromogenic substrate 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-β-D-glucuronide. The investigation of the dependence of the initial reaction rates on surface area unveiled a linear relationship of rate and thereby time to observe a signal for a given concentration of bacterial enzyme. This knowledge was exploited in nanoscale sensing materials made of CS/PEO NFs with diameters of 295 ± 100 nm. Compared to bulk hydrogel slabs, the rate of hydrolysis was significantly enhanced in NFs when exposed to bacteria suspension cultures and thus ensuring a rapid detection of living E. coli that produces the enzyme β-GUS. The findings afford generalized design principles for the improvement of known and novel sensing materials towards rapid detection of bacteria by nanostructuring in medical and food related settings.
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13
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Biosensors and Microfluidic Biosensors: From Fabrication to Application. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12070543. [PMID: 35884346 PMCID: PMC9313327 DOI: 10.3390/bios12070543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Biosensors are ubiquitous in a variety of disciplines, such as biochemical, electrochemical, agricultural, and biomedical areas. They can integrate various point-of-care applications, such as in the food, healthcare, environmental monitoring, water quality, forensics, drug development, and biological domains. Multiple strategies have been employed to develop and fabricate miniaturized biosensors, including design, optimization, characterization, and testing. In view of their interactions with high-affinity biomolecules, they find application in the sensitive detection of analytes, even in small sample volumes. Among the many developed techniques, microfluidics have been widely explored; these use fluid mechanics to operate miniaturized biosensors. The currently used commercial devices are bulky, slow in operation, expensive, and require human intervention; thus, it is difficult to automate, integrate, and miniaturize the existing conventional devices for multi-faceted applications. Microfluidic biosensors have the advantages of mobility, operational transparency, controllability, and stability with a small reaction volume for sensing. This review addresses biosensor technologies, including the design, classification, advances, and challenges in microfluidic-based biosensors. The value chain for developing miniaturized microfluidic-based biosensor devices is critically discussed, including fabrication and other associated protocols for application in various point-of-care testing applications.
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Antonacci A, Arduini F, Attaallah R, Amine A, Giardi MT, Scognamiglio V. A Proof-of-Concept Electrochemical Cytosensor Based on Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Functionalized Carbon Black Screen-Printed Electrodes: Detection of Escherichia coli in Wastewater as a Case Study. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12060401. [PMID: 35735549 PMCID: PMC9221097 DOI: 10.3390/bios12060401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report a proof-of-concept algal cytosensor for the electrochemical quantification of bacteria in wastewater, exploiting the green photosynthetic alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii immobilized on carbon black (CB) nanomodified screen-printed electrodes. The CB nanoparticles are used as nanomodifiers, as they are able to sense the oxygen produced by the algae and thus the current increases when algae are exposed to increasing concentrations of bacteria. The sensor was tested on both standard solutions and real wastewater samples for the detection Escherichia coli in a linear range of response from 100 to 2000 CFU/100 mL, showing a limit of detection of 92 CFU/100 mL, in agreement with the maximum E. coli concentration established by the Italian law for wastewater (less than 5000 CFU/100 mL). This bacterium was exploited as a case study target of the algal cytosensor to demonstrate its ability as an early warning analytical system to signal heavy loads of pathogens in waters leaving the wastewater treatment plants. Indeed, the cytosensor is not selective towards E. coli but it is capable of sensing all the bacteria that induce the algae oxygen evolution by exploiting the effect of their interaction. Other known toxicants, commonly present in wastewater, were also analyzed to test the cytosensor selectivity, with any significant effect, apart from atrazine, which is a specific target of the D1 protein of the Chlamydomonas photosystem II. However, the latter can also be detected by chlorophyll fluorescence simultaneously to the amperometric measurements. The matrix effect was evaluated, and the recovery values were calculated as 105 ± 8, 83 ± 7, and 88 ± 7% for 1000 CFU/100 mL of E. coli in Lignano, San Giorgio, and Pescara wastewater samples, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amina Antonacci
- Institute of Crystallography, National Research Council, Department of Chemical Sciences and Materials Technologies, Via Salaria km 29.300, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy; (A.A.); (F.A.); (M.T.G.)
| | - Fabiana Arduini
- Institute of Crystallography, National Research Council, Department of Chemical Sciences and Materials Technologies, Via Salaria km 29.300, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy; (A.A.); (F.A.); (M.T.G.)
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133 Rome, Italy
- SENSE4MED, via Renato Rascel 30, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Raouia Attaallah
- Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca 20000, Morocco; (R.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Aziz Amine
- Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca 20000, Morocco; (R.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Maria Teresa Giardi
- Institute of Crystallography, National Research Council, Department of Chemical Sciences and Materials Technologies, Via Salaria km 29.300, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy; (A.A.); (F.A.); (M.T.G.)
- Biosensors S.r.l., Via degli Olmetti 44, Formello, 00060 Rome, Italy
| | - Viviana Scognamiglio
- Institute of Crystallography, National Research Council, Department of Chemical Sciences and Materials Technologies, Via Salaria km 29.300, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy; (A.A.); (F.A.); (M.T.G.)
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15
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Park J, Lee S, Lee H, Han S, Kang TH, Kim D, Kang T, Choi I. Colloidal Multiscale Assembly via Photothermally Driven Convective Flow for Sensitive In-Solution Plasmonic Detections. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2201075. [PMID: 35570749 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202201075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The assembly of metal nanoparticles and targets to be detected in a small light probe volume is essential for achieving sensitive in-solution surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). Such assemblies generally require either chemical linkers or templates to overcome the random diffusion of the colloids unless the aqueous sample is dried. Here, a facile method is reported to produce 3D multiscale assemblies of various colloids ranging from molecules and nanoparticles to microparticles for sensitive in-solution SERS detection without chemical linkers and templates by exploiting photothermally driven convective flow. The simulations suggest that colloids sub 100 nm in diameter can be assembled by photothermally driven convective flow regardless of density; the assembly of larger colloids up to several micrometers by convective flow is significant only if their density is close to that of water. Consistent with the simulation results, the authors confirm that the photothermally driven convective flow is mainly responsible for the observed coassembly of plasmonic gold nanorods with either smaller molecules or larger microparticles. It is further found that the coassembly with the plasmonic nanoantennae leads to dramatic Raman enhancements of molecules, microplastics, and microbes by up to fivefold of magnitude compared to those measured in solution without the coassembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhee Park
- Department of Life Science, University of Seoul, Seoul, 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungki Lee
- Department of Life Science, University of Seoul, Seoul, 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjoo Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungyeon Han
- Department of Life Science, University of Seoul, Seoul, 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Ho Kang
- Department of Life Science, University of Seoul, Seoul, 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongchoul Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Taewook Kang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Inhee Choi
- Department of Life Science, University of Seoul, Seoul, 02504, Republic of Korea
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16
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Lavrentev FV, Rumyantsev IS, Ivanov AS, Shilovskikh VV, Orlova OY, Nikolaev KG, Andreeva DV, Skorb EV. Soft Hydrogel Actuator for Fast Machine-Learning-Assisted Bacteria Detection. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:7321-7328. [PMID: 35080838 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c22470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate that our bio-electrochemical platform facilitates the reduction of detection time from the 3-day period of the existing tests to 15 min. Machine learning and robotized bioanalytical platforms require the principles such as hydrogel-based actuators for fast and easy analysis of bioactive analytes. Bacteria are fragile and environmentally sensitive microorganisms that require a special environment to support their lifecycles during analytical tests. Here, we develop a bio-electrochemical platform based on the soft hydrogel/eutectic gallium-indium alloy interface for the detection of Streptococcus thermophilus and Bacillus coagulans bacteria in various mediums. The soft hydrogel-based device is capable to support bacteria' viability during detection time. Current-voltage data are used for multilayer perceptron algorithm training. The multilayer perceptron model is capable of detecting bacterial concentrations in the 104 to 108 cfu/mL range of the culture medium or in the dairy products with high accuracy (94%). Such a fast and easy biodetection is extremely important for food and agriculture industries and biomedical and environmental science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipp V Lavrentev
- Infochemistry Scientific Center of ITMO University, Lomonosova Street 9, St. Petersburg 191002, Russia
| | - Igor S Rumyantsev
- Infochemistry Scientific Center of ITMO University, Lomonosova Street 9, St. Petersburg 191002, Russia
| | - Artemii S Ivanov
- Institute for Functional Intelligent Materials, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117544, Singapore
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore
| | - Vladimir V Shilovskikh
- Infochemistry Scientific Center of ITMO University, Lomonosova Street 9, St. Petersburg 191002, Russia
| | - Olga Yu Orlova
- Infochemistry Scientific Center of ITMO University, Lomonosova Street 9, St. Petersburg 191002, Russia
| | - Konstantin G Nikolaev
- Infochemistry Scientific Center of ITMO University, Lomonosova Street 9, St. Petersburg 191002, Russia
| | - Daria V Andreeva
- Institute for Functional Intelligent Materials, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117544, Singapore
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore
| | - Ekaterina V Skorb
- Infochemistry Scientific Center of ITMO University, Lomonosova Street 9, St. Petersburg 191002, Russia
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17
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Al-Atafy QKH, Al-Janabi JDM, Al-Mayahi BAAH. Detection of SalmonellaTyphimurium in water and meat using nanosensor. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS: CONFERENCE SERIES 2021; 1999:012024. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/1999/1/012024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The sensor dimensions are chosen (10 * 10 mm) and manufactured by the laser engraving system as a dimension of the fine copper die and installed on the glass substrate coated with the nano material and the mould is coated with silver by thermal vacuum evaporation and the fixation of the connecting electrodes. The surface properties and the structural, optical and electrical properties of the thin films were studied. Samples prepared with an X-ray diffraction device (XRD) were examined to ensure the presence of elements or compounds entering the coating layer, and an examination with an atomic force microscope (AFM) to identify the crystal size of the coating compound and a scanning electron microscope. Field (SEM) is to prove the existence and proportions of active ingredients. The UV nano composite spectra were studied to investigate the optical behavior of ZnO-rGO membranes (transmittance and absorption). The sensing properties were determined by measuring changes in the conductivity of the prepared bacteria present in water and flesh using current and voltage measurement I-V by two mass device methods and the results were accurate. The results proved that ZnO-rGO has high sensitivity towards bacteria and is made of thin films of nano composites and has a high performance to detect bacteria in water and meat. The goal of this study is to design and manufacture a nano sensor with high efficiency to detect a type of bacteria that the thin films deposited in the vacuum have properties excellent for accurate detection. The microbial detection devices based on thin materials are inexpensive and do not require trainers to use them, and they operate at room temperature. Thus they have the advantage of remote positioning and monitoring in dangerous places.
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18
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Süer NC, Arasoğlu T, Cankurtaran H, Okutan M, Gallei M, Eren T. Detection of bacteria using antimicrobial polymer derived via ring-opening metathesis (romp) pathway. Turk J Chem 2021; 45:986-1003. [PMID: 34707429 PMCID: PMC8517495 DOI: 10.3906/kim-2012-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
There is growing interest in the detection of bacteria in consumables, for example, in the food and water sectors. In this study, the aim was to produce a polymer-based bacteria biosensor via ROMP (ring opening metathesis polymerization). In the first part of the study, block and random copolymers were synthesized, and their biocidal activities were tested on the glass surface. Interdigitated electrode arrays coated with the polymers possessing the highest activity were used to screen the affinity towards different bacterial strains by monitoring impedance variations in real-time. The polymer-coated electrode could detect gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria strains at a concentration of 107 cfu/mL. The results show that ROMP-based polymer offers bacterial detection and can be used in developing biosensor devices for efficiently detecting pathogenic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Ceren Süer
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Science, Yıldız Technical University, İstanbul Turkey
| | - Tülin Arasoğlu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Arts and Science, Yıldız Technical University, İstanbul Turkey
| | - Hüsnü Cankurtaran
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Science, Yıldız Technical University, İstanbul Turkey
| | - Mustafa Okutan
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts and Science, Yıldız Technical University, İstanbul Turkey
| | - Markus Gallei
- Chair in Polymer Chemistry, Saarland University, Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Tarik Eren
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Science, Yıldız Technical University, İstanbul Turkey
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19
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Rapid bacteria-detection platform based on magnetophoretic concentration, dielectrophoretic separation, and impedimetric detection. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1173:338696. [PMID: 34172153 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Most biosensors employ small sample quantities (less than 100 μL) for bacteria detection, thereby resulting in inaccurate low-concentration measurements. Detection performed using small sample volumes with low bacteria concentration may produce false-negative results. Therefore, sample pretreatment plays a critical role in accurate bacteria detection. This paper presents an impedimetric bacteria-detection sensor integrated with bacteria concentration and separation devices for rapid bacteria detection. Post conjugation using magnetic particles (MPs), the MP-conjugated bacteria (MP/Bac) are concentrated via magnetophoresis by a factor exceeding 100. In addition, MP/Bac are separated from MPs via dielectrophoresis to prevent occurrence of signal errors caused by MPs not conjugated with bacteria. Subsequently, concentrated MP/Bac are captured on a sensor electrode, and bacteria concentration is detected by measuring signal changes caused by the impedance difference between bacteria and the medium. The performance of the proposed bacteria-detection device was evaluated using a 5-mL homogenized cabbage sample injected with Staphylococcus aureus at 30 mL/h flow rate. The observed signal change was measured for 10 min using a sample with a concentration of 5-5 × 103 CFU/mL and was found to be approximately 0.34 mV at 50 CFU/mL; the limit of detection was 36 CFU/mL. These results confirm that the proposed device can detect low bacteria concentrations in food samples.
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20
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Urena-Saborio H, Udayan APM, Alfaro-Viquez E, Madrigal-Carballo S, Reed JD, Gunasekaran S. Cranberry Proanthocyanidins-PANI Nanocomposite for the Detection of Bacteria Associated with Urinary Tract Infections. BIOSENSORS 2021; 11:199. [PMID: 34205292 PMCID: PMC8235105 DOI: 10.3390/bios11060199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Consumption of cranberries is associated with the putative effects of preventing urinary tract infections (UTIs). Cranberry proanthocyanidins (PAC) contain unusual double A-type linkages, which are associated with strong interactions with surface virulence factors found on UTI-causing bacteria such as extra-intestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC), depicting in bacterial agglutination processes. In this work, we demonstrated the efficacy of cranberry PAC (200 μg/mL) to agglutinate ExPEC (5.0 × 108 CFU/mL) in vitro as a selective interaction for the design of functionalized biosensors for potential detection of UTIs. We fabricated functionalized screen-printed electrodes (SPEs) by modifying with PAC-polyaniline (PANI) nanocomposites and tested the effectiveness of the PAC-PANI/SPE biosensor for detecting the presence of ExPEC in aqueous suspensions. Results indicated that the PAC-PANI/SPE was highly sensitive (limit of quantification of 1 CFU/mL of ExPEC), and its response was linear over the concentration range of 1-70,000 CFU/mL, suggesting cranberry PAC-functionalized biosensors are an innovative alternative for the detection and diagnosis of ExPEC-associated UTIs. The biosensor was also highly selective, reproducible, and stable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilary Urena-Saborio
- Biosensors and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 460 Henry Mall, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (H.U.-S.); (A.P.M.U.)
| | - Anu Prathap M. Udayan
- Biosensors and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 460 Henry Mall, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (H.U.-S.); (A.P.M.U.)
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Punjab Engineering College (Deemed to be University), Sector-12, Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - Emilia Alfaro-Viquez
- Reed Research Group, Department of Animal Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1675 Observatory Dr, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (E.A.-V.); (S.M.-C.); (J.D.R.)
| | - Sergio Madrigal-Carballo
- Reed Research Group, Department of Animal Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1675 Observatory Dr, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (E.A.-V.); (S.M.-C.); (J.D.R.)
| | - Jess D. Reed
- Reed Research Group, Department of Animal Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1675 Observatory Dr, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (E.A.-V.); (S.M.-C.); (J.D.R.)
| | - Sundaram Gunasekaran
- Biosensors and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 460 Henry Mall, Madison, WI 53706, USA; (H.U.-S.); (A.P.M.U.)
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21
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In situ rolling circle amplification surface modifications to improve E. coli O157:H7 capturing performances for rapid and sensitive microfluidic detection applications. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1150:338229. [PMID: 33583552 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the application of rolling circle amplification (RCA) to modify microfluidic channels for potential sensitive detection applications. To this end, a novel in situ capturing RCA (cRCA) strategy was used to modify the inner surfaces of microfluidic channels with cRCA products that featured repeating tandem capturing aptamers specific for E. coli O157:H7 cells. We showed that the in situ cRCA reaction modified microfluidic channels demonstrated significantly enhanced capturing efficiency in a wide range of flow rates when compared with the unit-aptamer approach. We demonstrated for the first time that microfluidic surfaces modified with the in situ cRCA products showed peak capturing performances both in terms of target capturing efficiency and specificity, and this was likely due to unexpected base-pairing that resulted in altered secondary structures of the capturing aptamers. Our data suggest that the in situ cRCA surface modification is a promising strategy to improve capturing performances in microfluidic devices in sensitive detection applications that also require high throughput. However, cRCA reaction conditions, particularly reaction time and concentrations of initial circular template, must be carefully investigated before the potentials of the in situ cRCA surface modification approach can be fully realized.
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22
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Sense–Analyze–Respond–Actuate (SARA) Paradigm: Proof of Concept System Spanning Nanoscale and Macroscale Actuation for Detection of Escherichia coli in Aqueous Media. ACTUATORS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/act10010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Foodborne pathogens are a major concern for public health. We demonstrate for the first time a partially automated sensing system for rapid (~17 min), label-free impedimetric detection of Escherichia coli spp. in food samples (vegetable broth) and hydroponic media (aeroponic lettuce system) based on temperature-responsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm) nanobrushes. This proof of concept (PoC) for the Sense-Analyze-Respond-Actuate (SARA) paradigm uses a biomimetic nanostructure that is analyzed and actuated with a smartphone. The bio-inspired soft material and sensing mechanism is inspired by binary symbiotic systems found in nature, where low concentrations of bacteria are captured from complex matrices by brush actuation driven by concentration gradients at the tissue surface. To mimic this natural actuation system, carbon-metal nanohybrid sensors were fabricated as the transducer layer, and coated with PNIPAAm nanobrushes. The most effective coating and actuation protocol for E. coli detection at various temperatures above/below the critical solution temperature of PNIPAAm was determined using a series of electrochemical experiments. After analyzing nanobrush actuation in stagnant media, we developed a flow through system using a series of pumps that are triggered by electrochemical events at the surface of the biosensor. SARA PoC may be viewed as a cyber-physical system that actuates nanomaterials using smartphone-based electroanalytical testing of samples. This study demonstrates thermal actuation of polymer nanobrushes to detect (sense) bacteria using a cyber-physical systems (CPS) approach. This PoC may catalyze the development of smart sensors capable of actuation at the nanoscale (stimulus-response polymer) and macroscale (non-microfluidic pumping).
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23
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Assaifan AK, Al Habis N, Ahmad I, Alshehri NA, Alharbi HF. Scaling-up medical technologies using flexographic printing. Talanta 2020; 219:121236. [PMID: 32887127 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Medical technologies, such as point-of-care devices and biological and chemical assays which rely on functional materials deposited on top of substrates, are in great demand due to an increase in the prevalence of diseases worldwide. A significant number of these medical technologies are still in their infancy with respect to commercialization because of the high cost, material and complexity of the conventionally available fabrication techniques. As a result, medical technologies, in broad terms, require low cost and mass production fabrication methods in order to overcome the commercialization challenges. Recently, researchers have explored the flexographic printing technique which is widely employed for food packaging and newspaper production. This technique has proved cost-effective, facile, rapid and industrially compatible fabrication technique of functional materials for various applications. In this review, we provide an account of the attempts of flexographic printing made to scale up functional materials on surfaces for biomedical applications. Firstly, we offer justification for demanding high-throughput fabrication techniques. We then present the facile working principle of the flexographic printing and its use in different medical applications, for example chronic disease monitoring devices, colorimetric sensors, electrochemical sensors, assays and drugs. Finally, we discuss challenges of the fabrication technique. The main purpose of this review is to give insights into the usefulness of flexographic printing to the health care industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nuha Al Habis
- Center of Excellence for Research in Engineering Materials, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Iftikhar Ahmad
- Center of Excellence for Research in Engineering Materials, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naif Ahmed Alshehri
- College of Science Physics Department at Albaha University, Albaha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamad F Alharbi
- Mechanical Engineering Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Center of Excellence for Research in Engineering Materials, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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24
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Sidhu RK, Cavallaro ND, Pola CC, Danyluk MD, McLamore ES, Gomes CL. Planar Interdigitated Aptasensor for Flow-Through Detection of Listeria spp. in Hydroponic Lettuce Growth Media. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 20:E5773. [PMID: 33053744 PMCID: PMC7600482 DOI: 10.3390/s20205773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Irrigation water is a primary source of fresh produce contamination by bacteria during the preharvest, particularly in hydroponic systems where the control of pests and pathogens is a major challenge. In this work, we demonstrate the development of a Listeria biosensor using platinum interdigitated microelectrodes (Pt-IME). The sensor is incorporated into a particle/sediment trap for the real-time analysis of irrigation water in a hydroponic lettuce system. We demonstrate the application of this system using a smartphone-based potentiostat for rapid on-site analysis of water quality. A detailed characterization of the electrochemical behavior was conducted in the presence/absence of DNA and Listeria spp., which was followed by calibration in various solutions with and without flow. In flow conditions (100 mL samples), the aptasensor had a sensitivity of 3.37 ± 0.21 k log-CFU-1 mL, and the LOD was 48 ± 12 CFU mL-1 with a linear range of 102 to 104 CFU mL-1. In stagnant solution with no flow, the aptasensor performance was significantly improved in buffer, vegetable broth, and hydroponic media. Sensor hysteresis ranged from 2 to 16% after rinsing in a strong basic solution (direct reuse) and was insignificant after removing the aptamer via washing in Piranha solution (reuse after adsorption with fresh aptamer). This is the first demonstration of an aptasensor used to monitor microbial water quality for hydroponic lettuce in real time using a smartphone-based acquisition system for volumes that conform with the regulatory standards. The aptasensor demonstrated a recovery of 90% and may be reused a limited number of times with minor washing steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raminderdeep K. Sidhu
- Department of Biological & Agricultural Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA;
| | - Nicholas D. Cavallaro
- Agricultural & Biological Engineering, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA;
| | - Cicero C. Pola
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA;
| | - Michelle D. Danyluk
- Food Science and Human Nutrition, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA;
| | - Eric S. McLamore
- Agricultural & Biological Engineering, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA;
| | - Carmen L. Gomes
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA;
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25
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Simultaneous, multiplex quantification of protease activities using a gold microelectrode array. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 165:112330. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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26
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Wang G, Tang K, Meng Z, Liu P, Mo S, Mehrjou B, Wang H, Liu X, Wu Z, Chu PK. A Quantitative Bacteria Monitoring and Killing Platform Based on Electron Transfer from Bacteria to a Semiconductor. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e2003616. [PMID: 32815249 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202003616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A platform with both bacteria killing and sensing capabilities is crucial for monitoring the entire bacteria-related process on biomaterials and biomedical devices. Electron transfer (ET) between the bacteria and a Au-loaded semiconductor (ZnO) is observed to be the primary factor for effective bacteria sensing and fast bacteria killing. The electrons produce a saturation current that varies linearly with the bacteria number, semi-logarithmically, with R2 of 0.98825, thus providing an excellent tool to count bacteria quantitatively in real-time. Furthermore, ET leads to continuous electron loss killing of about 80% of Escherichia coli in only 1 h without light. The modularity and extendability of this ET-based platform are also demonstrated by the excellent results obtained from other semiconductor/substrate systems and the stability is confirmed by recycling tests. The underlying mechanism for the dual functions is not due to conventional attributed Zn2+ leaching or photocatalysis but instead electrical interactions upon direct contact. The results reveal the capability of real-time detection of bacteria based on ET while providing information about the antibacterial behavior of ZnO-based materials especially in the early stage. The concept can be readily incorporated into the design of smart and miniaturized devices that can sense and kill bacteria simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guomin Wang
- Department of Physics, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Kaiwei Tang
- Department of Physics, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Zheyi Meng
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Pei Liu
- Department of Physics, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Shi Mo
- Department of Physics, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Babak Mehrjou
- Department of Physics, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Huaiyu Wang
- Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xuanyong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - Zhengwei Wu
- Department of Physics, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Department of Engineering and Applied Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Paul K Chu
- Department of Physics, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
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27
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Cesewski E, Johnson BN. Electrochemical biosensors for pathogen detection. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 159:112214. [PMID: 32364936 PMCID: PMC7152911 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 380] [Impact Index Per Article: 95.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in electrochemical biosensors for pathogen detection are reviewed. Electrochemical biosensors for pathogen detection are broadly reviewed in terms of transduction elements, biorecognition elements, electrochemical techniques, and biosensor performance. Transduction elements are discussed in terms of electrode material and form factor. Biorecognition elements for pathogen detection, including antibodies, aptamers, and imprinted polymers, are discussed in terms of availability, production, and immobilization approach. Emerging areas of electrochemical biosensor design are reviewed, including electrode modification and transducer integration. Measurement formats for pathogen detection are classified in terms of sample preparation and secondary binding steps. Applications of electrochemical biosensors for the detection of pathogens in food and water safety, medical diagnostics, environmental monitoring, and bio-threat applications are highlighted. Future directions and challenges of electrochemical biosensors for pathogen detection are discussed, including wearable and conformal biosensors, detection of plant pathogens, multiplexed detection, reusable biosensors for process monitoring applications, and low-cost, disposable biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Cesewski
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Blake N Johnson
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA.
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Label free Impedimetric Immunosensor for effective bladder Cancer detection in clinical urine samples. Biomed Microdevices 2020; 22:45. [PMID: 32607868 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-020-00501-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Galectin-1 protein has been recently recognized as a valuable urinary biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of bladder cancer. Herein, we present a sensitive and specific impedimetric immunosensor for the quantitative and label free detection of Galectin-1 protein in clinical urine samples. The immunosensor consists of nine gold interdigitated microelectrodes (3 × 3 array), which can simultaneously monitor multiple immunoreactions by analyzing the normalized impedance variations at each microelectrode during immunosensing. To obtain enhanced sensitivities, we have utilized Galectin-1/Al2O3 nanoprobes (Galectin-1 antibody conjugated to alumina nanoparticles) that can be selectively trapped on the microelectrode surface using positive dielectrophoresis (p-DEP). Preliminary studies highlight the feasibility of the proposed immunosensor for Gal -1 detection in T24 cell lysate spiked phosphate buffer saline and artificial urine samples with a limit of detection that is estimated to be in the pg/ml range. To verify its practical feasibility, we have tested the immunosensor for Galectin-1 detection in clinical urine samples obtained from normal patients and those diagnosed with bladder cancer. Analysis of the clinical tests shows that the median normalized impedance variation during immunosensing for 22 cancer patients and 26 normal patients is 27% and 10%, respectively, with an identified cutoff point of 19.5% above which the sensitivity and specificity of bladder cancer detection was 82.1% and 80.8%, respectively. Based on these results, the proposed immunosensor shows promise for bladder cancer diagnosis and prognosis in a point of care format, thus enabling improved public health monitoring.
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Sannigrahi S, Arumugasamy SK, Mathiyarasu J, K S. Magnetosome-anti-Salmonella antibody complex based biosensor for the detection of Salmonella typhimurium. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 114:111071. [PMID: 32993971 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Epidemic Salmonellosis contracted through the consumption of contaminated food substances is a global concern. Thus, simple and effective diagnostic methods are needed. Magnetosome-based biosensors are gaining attention because of their promising features. Here, we developed a biosensor employing a magnetosome-anti-Salmonella antibody complex to detect lipopolysaccharide (somatic "O" antigen) and Salmonella typhimurium in real samples. Magnetosome was extracted from Magnetospirillum sp. RJS1 and characterized by microscopy. The magnetosome samples (1 and 2 mg/mL) were directly conjugated to anti-Salmonella antibody (0.8-200 μg/mL) and confirmed by spectroscopy and zeta potential. The concentrations of magnetosome, antibody and lipopolysaccharide were optimized by ELISA. The 2 mg/mL-0.8 μg/mL magnetosome-antibody complex was optimal for detecting lipopolysaccharide (0.001 μg/mL). Our assay is a cost-effective (60%) and sensitive (50%) method in detection of lipopolysaccharide. The optimized magnetosome-antibody complex was applied to an electrode surface and stabilized using an external magnetic field. Increased resistance confirmed the detection of lipopolysaccharide (at 0.001-0.1 μg/mL) using impedance spectroscopy. Significantly, the R2 value was 0.960. Then, the developed prototype biosensor was applied to food and water samples. ELISA confirmed the presence of lipopolysaccharide in homogenized infected samples and cross reactivity assays confirmed the specificity of the biosensor. Further, the biosensor showed low detection limit (101 CFU/mL) in water and milk sample demonstrating its sensitivity. Regression coefficient of 0.974 in water and 0.982 in milk was obtained. The magnetosome-antibody complex captured 90% of the S. typhimurium in real samples which was also confirmed in FE-SEM. Thus, the developed biosensor is selective, specific, rapid and sensitive for detection of S. typhimurium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumana Sannigrahi
- Marine Biotechnology and Bioproducts Laboratory, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shiva Kumar Arumugasamy
- Electrodics and Electrocatalysis Division, CSIR - Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi 630003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jayaraman Mathiyarasu
- Electrodics and Electrocatalysis Division, CSIR - Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi 630003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Suthindhiran K
- Marine Biotechnology and Bioproducts Laboratory, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Abdelrasoul GN, Anwar A, MacKay S, Tamura M, Shah MA, Khasa DP, Montgomery RR, Ko AI, Chen J. DNA aptamer-based non-faradaic impedance biosensor for detecting E. coli. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1107:135-144. [PMID: 32200887 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Developing a real-time, portable, and inexpensive sensor for pathogenic bacteria is crucial since the conventional detection approaches such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays are high cost, time-consuming, and require an expert operator. Here we present a portable, inexpensive, and convenient impedance-based biosensor using Interdigitated Electrode (IDE) arrays to detect Escherichia coli (E. coli) as a model to demonstrate the feasibility of an impedance-based biosensor. We manipulated the affinity of the IDE array towards E. coli (E. coli BL21 series) by functionalizing the IDEs' surface with an E. coli outer membrane protein (OMP) Ag1 Aptamer. To determine the dominant factors affecting the sensitivity and the performance of the biosensor in detecting E. coli, we investigated the roles of the substrate material used in the fabrication of the IDE, the concentration of the aptamer, and the composition of the carboxy aliphatic thiol mixture used in the pre-treatment of the IDE surface. In the sensing experiments we used an E. coli concentration range of 25-1000 cfu mL-1 and confirmed the binding of the OMP Ag1 Aptamer to the outer membrane protein of the E. coli by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Optical Microscopy, and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). By tuning the surface chemistry, the IDEs' substrate material, and the concentration of the OMP Ag1 Aptamer, our sensor could detect E. coli with the analytical sensitivity of approximately 1.8 Ohm/cfu and limit of detection of 9 cfu mL-1. We found that the molecular composition of the self-assembled monolayer (SAM) formed on the top of the IDEs before the attachment of the OMP Ag1 Aptamer significantly impacted the sensitivity of the sensor. Notably, with straightforward changes to the molecular recognition elements, this platform device can be used to detect a wide range of other microorganisms and chemicals relevant for environmental monitoring and public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaser N Abdelrasoul
- Electrical, and Computer Engineering Department, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Afreen Anwar
- Electrical, and Computer Engineering Department, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, J&K, India
| | - Scott MacKay
- Electrical, and Computer Engineering Department, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Marcus Tamura
- Electrical, and Computer Engineering Department, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Manzoor A Shah
- Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, J&K, India
| | - Damase P Khasa
- Centre for Forest Research (CEF), Institute for Integrative and Systems Biology (IBIS), and Canada Research Chair in Forest and Environmental Genomics, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V0A6, Canada
| | - Ruth R Montgomery
- Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Albert I Ko
- Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Jie Chen
- Electrical, and Computer Engineering Department, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
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Bacteriophage Based Biosensors: Trends, Outcomes and Challenges. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10030501. [PMID: 32168802 PMCID: PMC7153619 DOI: 10.3390/nano10030501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Foodborne pathogens are one of the main concerns in public health, which can have a serious impact on community health and health care systems. Contamination of foods by bacterial pathogens (such as Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococci, Legionella pneumophila, Escherichia coli, Campylobacter jejuni and Salmonella typhimurium) results in human infection. A typical example is the current issue with Coronavirus, which has the potential for foodborne transmission and ruling out such concerns is often difficult. Although, the possible dissemination of such viruses via the food chain has been raised. Standard bacterial detection methods require several hours or even days to obtain the results, and the delay may result in food poisoning to eventuate. Conventional biochemical and microbiological tests are expensive, complex, time-consuming and not always reliable. Therefore, there are urgent demands to develop simple, cheap, quick, sensitive, specific and reliable tests for the detection of these pathogens in foods. Recent advances in smart materials, nanomaterials and biomolecular modeling have been a quantum leap in the development of biosensors in overcoming the limitations of a conventional standard laboratory assay. This research aimed to critically review bacteriophage-based biosensors, used for the detection of foodborne pathogens, as well as their trends, outcomes and challenges are discussed. The future perspective in the use of simple and cheap biosensors is in the development of lab-on-chips, and its availability in every household to test the quality of their food.
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Hamed Hammad Mohammed H, Jin G, Ma M, Khalifa I, Shukat R, Elkhedir AE, Zeng Q, Noman AE. Comparative characterization of proximate nutritional compositions, microbial quality and safety of camel meat in relation to mutton, beef, and chicken. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2019.108714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Choi W, Kim S, Park S, Ahn J, Kang D. Numerical analysis of rectangular type batch ohmic heater to identify the cold point. Food Sci Nutr 2020; 8:648-658. [PMID: 31993188 PMCID: PMC6977431 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this research was to precisely simulate the temperature distribution and inactivation of Escherichia coli O157:H7 by batch ohmic heating pasteurization of orange juice based on a time-dependent numerical model. A finite element method (FEM) embedded with pathogen inactivation codes using Java language simultaneously solved electric heating, k-ε turbulent flow, and heat transfer equations and dealt with natural heat losses through the walls and air as the boundary conditions. The simulated temperature distribution and populations of E. coli O157:H7 did not differ from the experimental data for every treatment time within a relative error of 6.0%. A cold point problem was observed in the bottom corner, which was more severe for large orange juice samples, leading to an increased treatment time in order to ensure a 5-log reduction of E. coli O157:H7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Choi
- Department of Landscape Architecture and Rural Systems Engineering, and Research Institute for Agriculture and Life SciencesSeoul National UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Sang‐Soon Kim
- Department of Food EngineeringDankook UniversityCheonanChungnamRepublic of Korea
| | - Sang‐Hyun Park
- Department of Food Science and TechnologyKongju National UniversityYesanChungnamRepublic of Korea
| | - Jun‐Bae Ahn
- School of Food Service & Culinary ArtsSeowon UniversityCheongjuChungbukRepublic of Korea
| | - Dong‐Hyun Kang
- Department of Agricultural BiotechnologyCenter for Food and Bioconvergence, and Research Institute for Agricultural and Life SciencesSeoul National UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
- Institutes of Green Bio Science & TechnologySeoul National UniversityPyeongchang‐gunGangwon‐doRepublic of Korea
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Sondhi P, Maruf MHU, Stine KJ. Nanomaterials for Biosensing Lipopolysaccharide. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2019; 10:bios10010002. [PMID: 31877825 PMCID: PMC7168309 DOI: 10.3390/bios10010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are endotoxins, hazardous and toxic inflammatory stimulators released from the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, and are the major cause of septic shock giving rise to millions of fatal illnesses worldwide. There is an urgent need to identify and detect these molecules selectively and rapidly. Pathogen detection has been done by traditional as well as biosensor-based methods. Nanomaterial based biosensors can assist in achieving these goals and have tremendous potential. The biosensing techniques developed are low-cost, easy to operate, and give a fast response. Due to extremely small size, large surface area, and scope for surface modification, nanomaterials have been used to target various biomolecules, including LPS. The sensing mechanism can be quite complex and involves the transformation of chemical interactions into amplified physical signals. Many different sorts of nanomaterials such as metal nanomaterials, magnetic nanomaterials, quantum dots, and others have been used for biosensing of LPS and have shown attractive results. This review considers the recent developments in the application of nanomaterials in sensing of LPS with emphasis given mainly to electrochemical and optical sensing.
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Smart Electrochemical Portable Tools for Cultural Heritage Analysis: A Review. SENSORS 2019; 19:s19194303. [PMID: 31590251 PMCID: PMC6806333 DOI: 10.3390/s19194303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Protecting Cultural Heritage (CH) from corrosion and other environmental damages, mainly involving metallic or organic layers contained in artwork, represents a major challenge for conservation scientists. Electrochemical techniques provide useful information about the deterioration effects of metallic coatings and organic layers. Recently, Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) has been successfully applied in the study of metallic corrosion. However, EIS has not succeeded in becoming a routine technique, due to problems regarding both instrumental apparatus (which is not ideal for in situ analysis, especially with previous cell configurations), and the difficulty with data processing. At the same time, new portable electrochemical sensors, immunosensors, and biosensors have successfully made a scientific impact, mainly with in situ diagnosis of organic components contained in CH objects. For this purpose, this review presents two sections: the first describes the analytical optimization of impedance electrochemical cell geometries that are suitable for in situ metal-coating investigation; the second reports on the assembly of small electrochemical sensors, immunosensors, and biosensors, which useful for in situ organic layer characterization. This overview summarizes the state of the art regarding the application of electrochemical techniques and small electrochemical devices as alternative tools for the understanding of CH.
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Brosel-Oliu S, Abramova N, Uria N, Bratov A. Impedimetric transducers based on interdigitated electrode arrays for bacterial detection - A review. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1088:1-19. [PMID: 31623704 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Application of the impedance spectroscopy technique to detection of bacteria has advanced considerably over the last decade. This is reflected by the large amount of publications focused on basic research and applications of impedance biosensors. Employment of modern technologies to significantly reduce dimension of impedimetric devices enable on-chip integration of interdigitated electrode arrays for low-cost and easy-to-use sensors. This review is focused on publications dealing with interdigitated electrodes as a transducer unit and different bacteria detection systems using these devices. The first part of the review deals with the impedance technique principles, paying special attention to the use of interdigitated electrodes, while the main part of this work is focused on applications ranging from bacterial growth monitoring to label-free specific bacteria detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergi Brosel-Oliu
- Departament de Micro-Nano Sistemes, BIOMEMS Group, Institut Microelectrònica de Barcelona (IMB-CNM), CSIC, 08290, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Natalia Abramova
- Departament de Micro-Nano Sistemes, BIOMEMS Group, Institut Microelectrònica de Barcelona (IMB-CNM), CSIC, 08290, Bellaterra, Spain; Lab. Artificial Sensors Syst., ITMO University, Kronverskiy pr.49, 197101, St.Petersburg, Russia
| | - Naroa Uria
- Departament de Micro-Nano Sistemes, BIOMEMS Group, Institut Microelectrònica de Barcelona (IMB-CNM), CSIC, 08290, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Andrey Bratov
- Departament de Micro-Nano Sistemes, BIOMEMS Group, Institut Microelectrònica de Barcelona (IMB-CNM), CSIC, 08290, Bellaterra, Spain.
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Rapid Detection of HLA-B*57:01-Expressing Cells Using a Label-Free Interdigitated Electrode Biosensor Platform for Prevention of Abacavir Hypersensitivity in HIV Treatment. SENSORS 2019; 19:s19163543. [PMID: 31416185 PMCID: PMC6719006 DOI: 10.3390/s19163543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Pre-treatment screening of individuals for human leukocyte antigens (HLA) HLA-B*57:01 is recommended for the prevention of life-threatening hypersensitivity reactions to abacavir, a drug widely prescribed for HIV treatment. However, the implementation of screening in clinical practice is hindered by the slow turnaround time and high cost of conventional HLA genotyping methods. We have developed a biosensor platform using interdigitated electrode (IDE) functionalized with a monoclonal antibody to detect cells expressing HLA-B*57:01. This platform was evaluated using cell lines and peripheral blood mononuclear cells expressing different HLA-B alleles. The functionalized IDE sensor was able to specifically capture HLA-B*57:01 cells, resulting in a significant change in the impedance magnitude in 20 min. This IDE platform has the potential to be further developed to enable point-of-care HLA-B*57:01 screening.
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Hatamvand R, Shams A, Mohammadifar E, Yari A, Adeli M. Synthesis of boronic acid‐functionalized poly(glycerol‐oligoγ‐butyrolactone): Nano‐networks for efficient electrochemical sensing of biosystems. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.29406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roshanak Hatamvand
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of ScienceLorestan University 44316‐68151 Khorram Abad Iran
| | - Azim Shams
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of ScienceLorestan University 44316‐68151 Khorram Abad Iran
| | - Ehsan Mohammadifar
- Institut für Chemie und BiochemieFreie Universität Berlin Takustrasse 3, 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Abdollah Yari
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of ScienceLorestan University 44316‐68151 Khorram Abad Iran
| | - Mohsen Adeli
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of ScienceLorestan University 44316‐68151 Khorram Abad Iran
- Institut für Chemie und BiochemieFreie Universität Berlin Takustrasse 3, 14195 Berlin Germany
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Detection of apoptotic and live pre-osteoblast cell line using impedance-based biosensors with variable electrode design. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 128:37-44. [PMID: 30616216 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.11.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Electrical impedance-based sensing of cell activity has become a powerful analytical tool that allows the monitoring of several relevant biological processes associated with cell evolution and morphology. In these types of biosensors, the electrode design has a direct impact on the sensitivity because it defines the capability of the biosensor to measure small changes in the impedance resulting from cell activities. Herein, impedance-based biosensors arrays with several configurations were successfully developed and used to study the impact of the electrode layout on the dynamics of cultured pre-osteoblast cells. The biosensor design was initially validated by measuring the effect of electrode design on the capacitance of a dielectric polymer (parylene) that mimics the dielectric characteristics of cell populations, results are shown in the Supplementary information section. Results from in vitro cell growth indicate that the optimized design of single electrodes with a diameter of 50 µm, are the most sensitive to cell motion whereas increasing the number of electrodes allows clear differentiation between living and dead cells after 3 h of inducing apoptosis. Apoptosis death was induced with Staurosporine, a chemical mediator of apoptosis in osteoblasts. These impedance results have been validated with optical imaging and flow cytometry analysis that were performed on parallel cultures. Frequency and electrolyte concentration effects are also discussed.
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Michalska A, Golczak S, Langer K, Langer JJ. Micro- and Nanostructured Polyaniline for Instant Identification of Metal Ions in Solution. NANOMATERIALS 2019; 9:nano9020231. [PMID: 30744020 PMCID: PMC6410258 DOI: 10.3390/nano9020231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The unique properties of nanomaterials enable the creation new analytical devices. Polyaniline (PANI) micro- and nanofiber network, freestanding in the gap between two gold microelectrodes, has been used in a new nanodetector for metal ions in solutions. The gold electrodes were modified with the aid of alkanethiols, forming a self-assembled monolayer (SAM), which is able to block the ion current flow, but also to interact with metal ions when specific functional molecules are incorporated into the layer. The electric field of the trapped metal ions induces change of the electrical conductivity of polyaniline nanofibers in vicinity. A small injected sample (75 μL) of a solution of salt (about 0.5 μg of salt) was enough to induce a reproducible change in the electrical conductivity of polyaniline nano-network, which was registered as a function of time within 10⁻20 s. The response was proportional to the concentration of ions. It also depends on properties of ions, e.g., the ionic radius, which allows for identification of metal ions by analyzing the parameters of the signal: the retention time (RT), half width (HW), amplitude (A) and integral intensity (INT). The advantage of the new device is the instant responsiveness and easy operation, but also the simple construction based on organic (polymer) technology. The system is "open"-when learned and calibrated adequately, other metal ions can be analyzed. The nanodetector can be used in cases where monitoring of the presence and concentration of metal ions is important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Michalska
- Laboratory for Materials Physicochemistry and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Umultowska 89b; Wielkopolska Centre for Advanced Technologies (WCZT), Umultowska 89c, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poznań, Poland.
| | - Sebastian Golczak
- Laboratory for Materials Physicochemistry and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Umultowska 89b; Wielkopolska Centre for Advanced Technologies (WCZT), Umultowska 89c, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poznań, Poland.
| | - Krzysztof Langer
- Laboratory for Materials Physicochemistry and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Umultowska 89b; Wielkopolska Centre for Advanced Technologies (WCZT), Umultowska 89c, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poznań, Poland.
| | - Jerzy J Langer
- Laboratory for Materials Physicochemistry and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Umultowska 89b; Wielkopolska Centre for Advanced Technologies (WCZT), Umultowska 89c, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poznań, Poland.
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Hao X, Yeh P, Qin Y, Jiang Y, Qiu Z, Li S, Le T, Cao X. Aptamer surface functionalization of microfluidic devices using dendrimers as multi-handled templates and its application in sensitive detections of foodborne pathogenic bacteria. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1056:96-107. [PMID: 30797466 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A microfluidic system that incorporates both dendrimers and aptamers to detect E. coli O157:H7 is developed. To achieve this, generation 7-polyamidoamine dendrimers were immobilized onto the detection surfaces of PDMS microfluidic channels; subsequently aptamers against E. coli O157:H7 were conjugated onto the microchannel surfaces via the immobilized dendrimers as templates. Surface modifications were characterized by FTIR, XPS, water contact angles, fluorescence microscopy and AFM to confirm the success of each surface modification steps. The efficacy of this simple microchannel in detection was investigated using E. coli O157:H7 spiked samples. Our results showed that this interesting approach significantly increased the amount of aptamers available on the microfluidic channel surfaces to capture E. coli O157:H7 cells to allow sensitive detection, which in turn resulted in detections of E. coli O157:H7 cells at a low limit of detection of 102 cells mL-1. The results also demonstrated that in comparison with the generation 4-polyamidoamine dendrimers (G4) modified microchannels, those modified with G7 showed enhanced detection signals, improved target capturing efficiencies, and at higher throughput. This simple whole cell detection design has not been reported in the literature and it is an interesting and effective approach to developing a sensitive and rapid detection platform for foodborne pathogenic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingkai Hao
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Poying Yeh
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Yubo Qin
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Yuqian Jiang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Zhenyu Qiu
- Nanchang Institute of Technology, 901 Yingxiong Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330044, China
| | - Shuying Li
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Tao Le
- College of Life Science, Chongqing Normal University, Shapingba, Chongqing, 400047, China
| | - Xudong Cao
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 6N5, Canada; Ottawa-Carlton Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 6N5, Canada.
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42
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Shahar T, Feldheim G, Marx S, Mandler D. Core-shell nanoparticles for gas phase detection based on silver nanospheres coated with a thin molecularly imprinted polymer adsorbed on a chemiresistor. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:17593-17602. [PMID: 29896601 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr01437j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We present a novel gas phase detection prototype based on assembling core-shell nanospheres made of a silver core and coated with a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) adsorbed onto an interdigitated array (IDA) electrode chemiresistor (CR). The core-shell nanospheres, AgNP@MIPs, were imprinted with linalool, a volatile terpene alcohol, as a model system. The thickness of the MIP layer was tuned to a few nanometers to enable the facile ingress and egress of the linalool, as well as to enhance the electrical transduction through the Ag core. The AgNP@MIPs were spread onto the IDA-CR modified with various positively charged polymers, by drop casting and dip-coating. The AgNP@MIPs were characterized by various techniques such as extra high-resolution scanning and tunnelling electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The MIP recognition event was transduced into a measurable increase in the resistance. The response to linalool exposure and removal was fast and the device was fully recovered and could be reused. Finally, the difference in the resistance change between imprinted and non-imprinted nanospheres was substantial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tehila Shahar
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel.
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43
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Sorensen JPR, Baker A, Cumberland SA, Lapworth DJ, MacDonald AM, Pedley S, Taylor RG, Ward JST. Real-time detection of faecally contaminated drinking water with tryptophan-like fluorescence: defining threshold values. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 622-623:1250-1257. [PMID: 29890592 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.11.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We assess the use of fluorescent dissolved organic matter at excitation-emission wavelengths of 280nm and 360nm, termed tryptophan-like fluorescence (TLF), as an indicator of faecally contaminated drinking water. A significant logistic regression model was developed using TLF as a predictor of thermotolerant coliforms (TTCs) using data from groundwater- and surface water-derived drinking water sources in India, Malawi, South Africa and Zambia. A TLF threshold of 1.3ppb dissolved tryptophan was selected to classify TTC contamination. Validation of the TLF threshold indicated a false-negative error rate of 15% and a false-positive error rate of 18%. The threshold was unsuccessful at classifying contaminated sources containing <10 TTC cfu per 100mL, which we consider the current limit of detection. If only sources above this limit were classified, the false-negative error rate was very low at 4%. TLF intensity was very strongly correlated with TTC concentration (ρs=0.80). A higher threshold of 6.9ppb dissolved tryptophan is proposed to indicate heavily contaminated sources (≥100 TTC cfu per 100mL). Current commercially available fluorimeters are easy-to-use, suitable for use online and in remote environments, require neither reagents nor consumables, and crucially provide an instantaneous reading. TLF measurements are not appreciably impaired by common intereferents, such as pH, turbidity and temperature, within typical natural ranges. The technology is a viable option for the real-time screening of faecally contaminated drinking water globally.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andy Baker
- Connected Waters Initiative Research Centre, UNSW Australia, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | | | - Dan J Lapworth
- British Geological Survey, Maclean Building, Wallingford, OX10 8BB, UK
| | | | - Steve Pedley
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Richard G Taylor
- Department of Geography, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Jade S T Ward
- British Geological Survey, Maclean Building, Wallingford, OX10 8BB, UK; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
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44
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Khan MS, Misra SK, Dighe K, Wang Z, Schwartz-Duval AS, Sar D, Pan D. Electrically-receptive and thermally-responsive paper-based sensor chip for rapid detection of bacterial cells. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 110:132-140. [PMID: 29605712 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.03.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Although significant technological advancements have been made in the development of analytical biosensor chips for detecting bacterial strains (E. coli, S. Mutans and B. Subtilis), critical requirements i.e. limit of detection (LOD), fast time of response, ultra-sensitivity with high reproducibility and good shelf-life with robust sensing capability have yet to be met within a single sensor chip. In order to achieve these criteria, we present an electrically-receptive thermally-responsive (ER-TR) sensor chip comprised of simple filter paper used as substrate coated with composite of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) polymer (PNIPAm) - graphene nanoplatelet (GR) followed by evaporation of Au electrodes for capturing both Gram-positive (S. mutans and B. subtilis) and Gram-negative (E. coli) bacterial cells in real-time. Autoclave water, tap water, lake water and milk samples were tested with ER-TR chip with and without bacterial strains at varying concentration range 101-105 cells/mL. The sensor was integrated with in-house built printed circuit board (PCB) to transmit/receive electrical signals. The interaction of E. coli, S. mutans and B. subtilis cells with fibers of PNIPAm-GR resulted in a change of electrical resistance and the readout was monitored wirelessly in real-time using MATLAB algorithm. Finally, prepared ER-TR chip exhibited the reproducibility of 85-97% with shelf-life of up to four weeks after testing with lake water sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad S Khan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Biomedical Research Center, Carle Foundation Hospital, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Santosh K Misra
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Biomedical Research Center, Carle Foundation Hospital, Urbana, IL, USA.
| | - Ketan Dighe
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Biomedical Research Center, Carle Foundation Hospital, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Biomedical Research Center, Carle Foundation Hospital, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Aaron S Schwartz-Duval
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Biomedical Research Center, Carle Foundation Hospital, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Dinabandhu Sar
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Biomedical Research Center, Carle Foundation Hospital, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Dipanjan Pan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Biomedical Research Center, Carle Foundation Hospital, Urbana, IL, USA; Beckman Institute for Advanced Science & Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois-Urbana Champaign, IL, USA; Carle Illinois College of Medicine, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
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45
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Çam D, Öktem HA. Optimizations needed for lateral flow assay for rapid detection of pathogenic E. coli. Turk J Biol 2017; 41:954-968. [PMID: 30814860 DOI: 10.3906/biy-1705-50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Lateral flow assay (LFA), or the immunochromatographic strip test, is popular to use for rapid and sensitive immunoassays. Gold nanoparticles (GNPs), due to tunable optical characteristics and easy manipulation of size or shape, represent an attractive approach for LFA technology. Since most enterohemorrhagic infections result from water and food contaminations of Escherichia coli O157:H7, selective and rapid detection of this organism in environmental and biological complexes is necessary. In this study, optimized parameters of antibody (Ab)-based LFA for rapid detection of pathogenic E. coli O157:H7 are described. GNPs were used as visualizing agents. The measuring parameters include the Ab concentration on the capture lines, the concentration of gold conjugate, and flow rate. M180 and 36 nm were the ideal membrane and GNP size, respectively, for bacterial detection of LFA. The target, E. coli O157:H7, could be detected with a visual limit of detection of 105 cfu/mL in 3-5 min. Selectivity of the system was very high and the target was recognized by developed strips, regardless of its presence singly or in mixed bacterial samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilek Çam
- Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University , Ankara , Turkey.,Department of Biology, Çankırı Karatekin University , Çankırı , Turkey
| | - Hüseyin Avni Öktem
- Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University , Ankara , Turkey.,Nanobiz R & D Ltd. , METU Science Park, Ankara , Turkey
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46
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Tubía I, Paredes J, Pérez-Lorenzo E, Arana S. Antibody biosensors for spoilage yeast detection based on impedance spectroscopy. Biosens Bioelectron 2017; 102:432-438. [PMID: 29179121 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2017.11.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Brettanomyces is a yeast species responsible for wine and cider spoilage, producing volatile phenols that result in off-odors and loss of fruity sensorial qualities. Current commercial detection methods for these spoilage species are liable to frequent false positives, long culture times and fungal contamination. In this work, an interdigitated (IDE) biosensor was created to detect Brettanomyces using immunological reactions and impedance spectroscopy analysis. To promote efficient antibody immobilization on the electrodes' surface and to decrease non-specific adsorption, a Self-Assembled Monolayer (SAM) was developed. An impedance spectroscopy analysis, over four yeast strains, confirmed our device's increased efficacy. Compared to label-free sensors, antibody biosensors showed a higher relative impedance. The results also suggested that these biosensors could be a promising method to monitor some spoilage yeasts, offering an efficient alternative to the laborious and expensive traditional methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Tubía
- Ceit, Manuel Lardizabal 15, 20018 Donostia/San Sebastián, Spain; Universidad de Navarra, Tecnun, Manuel Lardizabal 13, 20018 Donostia/San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - J Paredes
- Universidad de Navarra, Tecnun, Manuel Lardizabal 13, 20018 Donostia/San Sebastián, Spain
| | - E Pérez-Lorenzo
- Ceit, Manuel Lardizabal 15, 20018 Donostia/San Sebastián, Spain; Universidad de Navarra, Tecnun, Manuel Lardizabal 13, 20018 Donostia/San Sebastián, Spain
| | - S Arana
- Ceit, Manuel Lardizabal 15, 20018 Donostia/San Sebastián, Spain; Universidad de Navarra, Tecnun, Manuel Lardizabal 13, 20018 Donostia/San Sebastián, Spain
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47
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Kerr-Phillips TE, Aydemir N, Chan EWC, Barker D, Malmström J, Plesse C, Travas-Sejdic J. Conducting electrospun fibres with polyanionic grafts as highly selective, label-free, electrochemical biosensor with a low detection limit for non-Hodgkin lymphoma gene. Biosens Bioelectron 2017; 100:549-555. [PMID: 29017070 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2017.09.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Revised: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
A highly selective, label-free sensor for the non-Hodgkin lymphoma gene, with an aM detection limit, utilizing electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is presented. The sensor consists of a conducting electrospun fibre mat, surface-grafted with poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) brushes and a conducting polymer sensing element with covalently attached oligonucleotide probes. The sensor was fabricated from electrospun NBR rubber, embedded with poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), followed by grafting poly(acrylic acid) brushes and then electrochemically polymerizing a conducting polymer monomer with ssDNA probe sequence pre-attached. The resulting non-Hodgkin lymphoma gene sensor showed a detection limit of 1aM (1 × 10-18mol/L), more than 400 folds lower compared to a thin-film analogue. The sensor presented extraordinary selectivity, with only 1%, 2.7% and 4.6% of the signal recorded for the fully non-complimentary, T-A and G-C base mismatch oligonucleotide sequences, respectively. We suggest that such greatly enhanced selectivity is due to the presence of negatively charged carboxylic acid moieties from PAA grafts that electrostatically repel the non-complementary and mismatch DNA sequences, overcoming the non-specific binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas E Kerr-Phillips
- Polymer Electronics Research Centre (PERC), School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, 23 Symonds Street, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Nihan Aydemir
- Polymer Electronics Research Centre (PERC), School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, 23 Symonds Street, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Eddie Wai Chi Chan
- Polymer Electronics Research Centre (PERC), School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, 23 Symonds Street, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - David Barker
- Polymer Electronics Research Centre (PERC), School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, 23 Symonds Street, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jenny Malmström
- Polymer Electronics Research Centre (PERC), School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, 23 Symonds Street, Auckland, New Zealand; Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Auckland, 2-6 Park Avenue, Auckland, New Zealand; MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Victoria University of Wellington, PO Box 600, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Cedric Plesse
- LPPI-EA2528, Institut des Materiaux, 5 mail Gay Lussac, Neuville sur Oise, Cergy-Pontoise cedex 95031, France
| | - Jadranka Travas-Sejdic
- Polymer Electronics Research Centre (PERC), School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, 23 Symonds Street, Auckland, New Zealand; MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Victoria University of Wellington, PO Box 600, Wellington, New Zealand.
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48
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A fully automated microfluidic-based electrochemical sensor for real-time bacteria detection. Biosens Bioelectron 2017; 100:541-548. [PMID: 28992610 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2017.09.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A fully automated microfluidic-based electrochemical biosensor was designed and manufactured for pathogen detection. The quantification of Escherichia coli was investigated with standard and nanomaterial amplified immunoassays in the concentration ranges of 0.99 × 1043.98 × 109 cfu mL-1 and 103.97 × 107 cfu mL-1 which resulted in detection limits of 1.99 × 104 cfu mL-1 and 50 cfu mL-1, respectively. The developed methodology was then applied for E. coli quantification in water samples using nanomaterial modified assay. Same detection limit for E. coli was achieved for real sample analysis with a little decrease on the sensor signal. Cross-reactivity studies were conducted by testing Shigella, Salmonella spp., Salmonella typhimurium and Staphylococcus aureus on E. coli specific antibody surface that confirmed the high specificity of the developed immunoassays. The sensor surface could be regenerated multiple times which significantly reduces the cost of the system. Our custom-designed biosensor is capable of detecting bacteria with high sensitivity and specificity, and can serve as a promising tool for pathogen detection.
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49
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Alahi MEE, Mukhopadhyay SC. Detection Methodologies for Pathogen and Toxins: A Review. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2017; 17:E1885. [PMID: 28813028 PMCID: PMC5580025 DOI: 10.3390/s17081885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Pathogen and toxin-contaminated foods and beverages are a major source of illnesses, even death, and have a significant economic impact worldwide. Human health is always under a potential threat, including from biological warfare, due to these dangerous pathogens. The agricultural and food production chain consists of many steps such as harvesting, handling, processing, packaging, storage, distribution, preparation, and consumption. Each step is susceptible to threats of environmental contamination or failure to safeguard the processes. The production process can be controlled in the food and agricultural sector, where smart sensors can play a major role, ensuring greater food quality and safety by low cost, fast, reliable, and profitable methods of detection. Techniques for the detection of pathogens and toxins may vary in cost, size, and specificity, speed of response, sensitivity, and precision. Smart sensors can detect, analyse and quantify at molecular levels contents of different biological origin and ensure quality of foods against spiking with pesticides, fertilizers, dioxin, modified organisms, anti-nutrients, allergens, drugs and so on. This paper reviews different methodologies to detect pathogens and toxins in foods and beverages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Eshrat E Alahi
- Department of Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia.
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50
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An interdigital array microelectrode aptasensor based on multi-walled carbon nanotubes for detection of tetracycline. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2017; 40:1419-1425. [PMID: 28717833 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-017-1799-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
In this study an impedance aptasensor was designed for sensitive, selective, and fast detection of tetracycline (TET) based on an interdigital array microelectrode (IDAM). The IDAM was integrated with impedance detection to miniaturize the conventional electrodes, enhance the sensitivity, shorten the detection time, and minimize interfering effects of non-target analytes in the solution. Due to their excellent conductivity, good biocompatibility, the multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were used to modify the IDAM to immobilize TET aptamer effectively. The proposed aptasensor produced a sensitive impedance change which was characterized by the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). With the addition of TET, the formation of TET-aptamer complex on the surface of MWCNTs modified electrode resulted in an increase of electron transfer resistance (R et). The change of R et depends on the concentration of TET, which is applied for the quantification of TET. A wide linear range was obtained from 10-9 to 10-3 M. The linear regression equation was y(ΔR) = 21.310 × x(LogC) (M) + 217.25. It was successfully applied to detect TET in real milk samples.
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