1
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López DA, Griffin A, Aguilar LM, Deering-Rice C, Myers EJ, Warren KJ, Welner RS, Beaudin AE. Prenatal inflammation remodels lung immunity and function by programming ILC2 hyperactivation. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114365. [PMID: 38909363 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Here, we examine how prenatal inflammation shapes tissue function and immunity in the lung by reprogramming tissue-resident immune cells from early development. Maternal, but not fetal, type I interferon-mediated inflammation provokes expansion and hyperactivation of group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) seeding the developing lung. Hyperactivated ILC2s produce increased IL-5 and IL-13 and are associated with acute Th2 bias, decreased Tregs, and persistent lung eosinophilia into adulthood. ILC2 hyperactivation is recapitulated by adoptive transfer of fetal liver precursors following prenatal inflammation, indicative of developmental programming at the fetal progenitor level. Reprogrammed ILC2 hyperactivation and subsequent lung immune remodeling, including persistent eosinophilia, is concomitant with worsened histopathology and increased airway dysfunction equivalent to papain exposure, indicating increased asthma susceptibility in offspring. Our data elucidate a mechanism by which early-life inflammation results in increased asthma susceptibility in the presence of hyperactivated ILC2s that drive persistent changes to lung immunity during perinatal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego A López
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Aleah Griffin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Lorena Moreno Aguilar
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Elizabeth J Myers
- Department of Neurology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Kristi J Warren
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Robert S Welner
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Anna E Beaudin
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; Department of Internal Medicine and Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
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2
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Ren G, Zhang Y, Liu J, Cheng W, Wu D, Han M, Zeng Y, Zhao X, Hu L, Zeng M, Gurram RK, Hu X, Zhou B, Hou Z, Zhu J, Jin W, Zhong C. Decreased GATA3 levels cause changed mouse cutaneous innate lymphoid cell fate, facilitating hair follicle recycling. Dev Cell 2024; 59:1809-1823.e6. [PMID: 38723629 PMCID: PMC11265981 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2024.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
In mice, skin-resident type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) exhibit some ILC3-like characteristics. However, the underlying mechanism remains elusive. Here, we observed lower expression of the ILC2 master regulator GATA3 specifically in cutaneous ILC2s (cILC2s) compared with canonical ILC2s, in line with its functionally divergent role in transcriptional control in cILC2s. Decreased levels of GATA3 enabled the expansion of RORγt fate-mapped (RORγtfm+) cILC2s after postnatal days, displaying certain similarities to ILC3s. Single-cell trajectory analysis showed a sequential promotion of the RORγtfm+ cILC2 divergency by RORγt and GATA3. Notably, during hair follicle recycling, these RORγtfm+ cILC2s accumulated around the hair follicle dermal papilla (DP) region to facilitate the process. Mechanistically, we found that GATA3-mediated integrin α3β1 upregulation on RORγtfm+ cILC2s was required for their positioning around the DP. Overall, our study demonstrates a distinct regulatory role of GATA3 in cILC2s, particularly in promoting the divergence of RORγtfm+ cILC2s to facilitate hair follicle recycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanqun Ren
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Medicine Innovation Center for Fundamental Researches on Major Immunology-Related Diseases, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yime Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Medicine Innovation Center for Fundamental Researches on Major Immunology-Related Diseases, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jiamin Liu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Medicine Innovation Center for Fundamental Researches on Major Immunology-Related Diseases, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Wenwen Cheng
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Medicine Innovation Center for Fundamental Researches on Major Immunology-Related Diseases, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Mengwei Han
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Medicine Innovation Center for Fundamental Researches on Major Immunology-Related Diseases, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yanyu Zeng
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Medicine Innovation Center for Fundamental Researches on Major Immunology-Related Diseases, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xingyu Zhao
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Medicine Innovation Center for Fundamental Researches on Major Immunology-Related Diseases, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Luni Hu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Medicine Innovation Center for Fundamental Researches on Major Immunology-Related Diseases, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Min Zeng
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Medicine Innovation Center for Fundamental Researches on Major Immunology-Related Diseases, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Rama Krishna Gurram
- Molecular and Cellular Immunoregulation Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Xiaole Hu
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Bo Zhou
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Zhiyuan Hou
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jinfang Zhu
- Molecular and Cellular Immunoregulation Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Wenfei Jin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
| | - Chao Zhong
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Medicine Innovation Center for Fundamental Researches on Major Immunology-Related Diseases, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
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3
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Furuya H, Toda Y, Iwata A, Kanai M, Kato K, Kumagai T, Kageyama T, Tanaka S, Fujimura L, Sakamoto A, Hatano M, Suto A, Suzuki K, Nakajima H. Stage-specific GATA3 induction promotes ILC2 development after lineage commitment. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5610. [PMID: 38969652 PMCID: PMC11226602 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49881-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) are a subset of innate lymphocytes that produce type 2 cytokines, including IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13. GATA3 is a critical transcription factor for ILC2 development at multiple stages. However, when and how GATA3 is induced to the levels required for ILC2 development remains unclear. Herein, we identify ILC2-specific GATA3-related tandem super-enhancers (G3SE) that induce high GATA3 in ILC2-committed precursors. G3SE-deficient mice exhibit ILC2 deficiency in the bone marrow, lung, liver, and small intestine with minimal impact on other ILC lineages or Th2 cells. Single-cell RNA-sequencing and subsequent flow cytometry analysis show that GATA3 induction mechanism, which is required for entering the ILC2 stage, is lost in IL-17RB+PD-1- late ILC2-committed precursor stage in G3SE-deficient mice. Cnot6l, part of the CCR4-NOT deadenylase complex, is a possible GATA3 target during ILC2 development. Our findings implicate a stage-specific regulatory mechanism for GATA3 expression during ILC2 development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Furuya
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yosuke Toda
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Arifumi Iwata
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Mizuki Kanai
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kodai Kato
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takashi Kumagai
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kageyama
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shigeru Tanaka
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Lisa Fujimura
- Biomedical Research Center, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Akemi Sakamoto
- Biomedical Research Center, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masahiko Hatano
- Biomedical Research Center, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Akira Suto
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kotaro Suzuki
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nakajima
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
- Chiba University Synergy Institute for Futuristic Mucosal Vaccine Research and Development (cSIMVa), Chiba, Japan.
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4
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Liang Z, Anderson HD, Locher V, O'Leary C, Riesenfeld SJ, Jabri B, McDonald BD, Bendelac A. Eomes expression identifies the early bone marrow precursor to classical NK cells. Nat Immunol 2024; 25:1172-1182. [PMID: 38871999 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-024-01861-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells traffic through the blood and mount cytolytic and interferon-γ (IFNγ)-focused responses to intracellular pathogens and tumors. Type 1 innate lymphoid cells (ILC1s) also produce type 1 cytokines but reside in tissues and are not cytotoxic. Whether these differences reflect discrete lineages or distinct states of a common cell type is not understood. Using single-cell RNA sequencing and flow cytometry, we focused on populations of TCF7+ cells that contained precursors for NK cells and ILC1s and identified a subset of bone marrow lineage-negative NK receptor-negative cells that expressed the transcription factor Eomes, termed EomeshiNKneg cells. Transfer of EomeshiNKneg cells into Rag2-/-Il2rg-/- recipients generated functional NK cells capable of preventing metastatic disease. By contrast, transfer of PLZF+ ILC precursors generated a mixture of ILC1s, ILC2s and ILC3s that lacked cytotoxic potential. These findings identified EomeshiNKneg cells as the bone marrow precursor to classical NK cells and demonstrated that the NK and ILC1 lineages diverged early during development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhitao Liang
- Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Hope D Anderson
- Biophysical Sciences Graduate Program, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Veronica Locher
- Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Crystal O'Leary
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Samantha J Riesenfeld
- Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Bana Jabri
- Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Albert Bendelac
- Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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5
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Teixeira SC, de Souza G, Junior JPDL, Rosini AM, Martínez AFF, Fernandes TADM, Ambrósio SR, Veneziani RCS, Bastos JK, Martins CHG, Barbosa BF, Ferro EAV. Copaifera spp. oleoresins and two isolated compounds (ent-kaurenoic and ent-polyalthic acid) inhibit Toxoplasma gondii growth in vitro. Exp Parasitol 2024; 262:108771. [PMID: 38723847 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2024.108771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Toxoplasmosis affects about one-third of the world's population. The disease treatment methods pose several side effects and do not efficiently eliminate the parasite, making the search for new therapeutic approaches necessary. We aimed to assess the anti-Toxoplasma gondii activity of four Copaifera oleoresins (ORs) and two isolated diterpene acids, named ent-kaurenoic and ent-polyalthic acid. We used HeLa cells as an experimental model of toxoplasmosis. Uninfected and infected HeLa cells were submitted to the treatments, and the parasite intracellular proliferation, cytokine levels and ROS production were measured. Also, tachyzoites were pre-treated and the parasite invasion was determined. Finally, an in silico analysis was performed to identify potential parasite targets. Our data show that the non-cytotoxic concentrations of ORs and diterpene acids controlled the invasion and proliferation of T. gondii in HeLa cells, thus highlighting the possible direct action on parasites. In addition, some compounds tested controlled parasite proliferation in an irreversible manner. An additional and non-exclusive mechanism of action involves the modulation of host cell components, by affecting the upregulation of the IL-6. Additionally, molecular docking suggested that ent-polyalthic acid has a high affinity for the active site of the TgCDPK1 protein. Copaifera ORs have great antiparasitic activity against T. gondii, and this effect can be partially explained by the presence of the isolated compounds ent-kaurenoic and ent-polyalthic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Cota Teixeira
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology of Reproduction, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Guilherme de Souza
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology of Reproduction, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Joed Pires de Lima Junior
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology of Reproduction, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Monteiro Rosini
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology of Reproduction, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Aryani Felixa Fajardo Martínez
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology of Reproduction, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Sergio Ricardo Ambrósio
- Nucleus of Research in Technological and Exact Sciences, Universidade de Franca, Franca, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Jairo Kenupp Bastos
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos Henrique Gomes Martins
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Bellisa Freitas Barbosa
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology of Reproduction, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Eloisa Amália Vieira Ferro
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology of Reproduction, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil.
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6
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Ding Y, Lavaert M, Grassmann S, Band VI, Chi L, Das A, Das S, Harly C, Shissler SC, Malin J, Peng D, Zhao Y, Zhu J, Belkaid Y, Sun JC, Bhandoola A. Distinct developmental pathways generate functionally distinct populations of natural killer cells. Nat Immunol 2024; 25:1183-1192. [PMID: 38872000 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-024-01865-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells function by eliminating virus-infected or tumor cells. Here we identified an NK-lineage-biased progenitor population, referred to as early NK progenitors (ENKPs), which developed into NK cells independently of common precursors for innate lymphoid cells (ILCPs). ENKP-derived NK cells (ENKP_NK cells) and ILCP-derived NK cells (ILCP_NK cells) were transcriptionally different. We devised combinations of surface markers that identified highly enriched ENKP_NK and ILCP_NK cell populations in wild-type mice. Furthermore, Ly49H+ NK cells that responded to mouse cytomegalovirus infection primarily developed from ENKPs, whereas ILCP_NK cells were better IFNγ producers after infection with Salmonella and herpes simplex virus. Human CD56dim and CD56bright NK cells were transcriptionally similar to ENKP_NK cells and ILCP_NK cells, respectively. Our findings establish the existence of two pathways of NK cell development that generate functionally distinct NK cell subsets in mice and further suggest these pathways may be conserved in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ding
- T Cell Biology and Development Unit, Laboratory of Genome Integrity, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Marieke Lavaert
- T Cell Biology and Development Unit, Laboratory of Genome Integrity, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Simon Grassmann
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Victor I Band
- Metaorganism Immunity Section, Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Liang Chi
- Metaorganism Immunity Section, Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Arundhoti Das
- T Cell Biology and Development Unit, Laboratory of Genome Integrity, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sumit Das
- T Cell Biology and Development Unit, Laboratory of Genome Integrity, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Christelle Harly
- Nantes Université, Inserm UMR 1307, CNRS UMR 6075, Université d'Angers, Nantes, France
- LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft Oncology", Nantes, France
| | - Susannah C Shissler
- T Cell Biology and Development Unit, Laboratory of Genome Integrity, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Justin Malin
- T Cell Biology and Development Unit, Laboratory of Genome Integrity, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Dingkang Peng
- Molecular and Cellular Immunoregulation Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yongge Zhao
- T Cell Biology and Development Unit, Laboratory of Genome Integrity, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jinfang Zhu
- Molecular and Cellular Immunoregulation Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yasmine Belkaid
- Metaorganism Immunity Section, Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- NIAID Microbiome Program, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Joseph C Sun
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Avinash Bhandoola
- T Cell Biology and Development Unit, Laboratory of Genome Integrity, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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7
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Szeto AC, Clark PA, Ferreira AC, Heycock M, Griffiths EL, Jou E, Mannion J, Luan SL, Storrar S, Knolle MD, Kozik P, Jolin HE, Fallon PG, McKenzie AN. Mef2d potentiates type-2 immune responses and allergic lung inflammation. Science 2024; 384:eadl0370. [PMID: 38935708 PMCID: PMC7616247 DOI: 10.1126/science.adl0370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) and adaptive T lymphocytes promote tissue homeostasis and protective immune responses. Their production depends on the transcription factor GATA3, which is further elevated specifically in ILC2s and T helper 2 cells to drive type-2 immunity during tissue repair, allergic disorders, and anti-helminth immunity. The control of this crucial up-regulation is poorly understood. Using CRISPR screens in ILCs we identified previously unappreciated myocyte-specific enhancer factor 2d (Mef2d)-mediated regulation of GATA3-dependent type-2 lymphocyte differentiation. Mef2d-deletion from ILC2s and/or T cells specifically protected against an allergen lung challenge. Mef2d repressed Regnase-1 endonuclease expression to enhance IL-33 receptor production and IL-33 signaling and acted downstream of calcium-mediated signaling to translocate NFAT1 to the nucleus to promote type-2 cytokine-mediated immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aydan C.H. Szeto
- MRC Laboratory
of Molecular Biology,
Cambridge, CB2 0QH, United Kingdom
| | - Paula A. Clark
- MRC Laboratory
of Molecular Biology,
Cambridge, CB2 0QH, United Kingdom
| | - Ana C.F. Ferreira
- MRC Laboratory
of Molecular Biology,
Cambridge, CB2 0QH, United Kingdom
| | - Morgan Heycock
- MRC Laboratory
of Molecular Biology,
Cambridge, CB2 0QH, United Kingdom
| | - Emma L. Griffiths
- MRC Laboratory
of Molecular Biology,
Cambridge, CB2 0QH, United Kingdom
| | - Eric Jou
- MRC Laboratory
of Molecular Biology,
Cambridge, CB2 0QH, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan Mannion
- MRC Laboratory
of Molecular Biology,
Cambridge, CB2 0QH, United Kingdom
- Cambridge
University Hospitals,
Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Shi-Lu Luan
- MRC Laboratory
of Molecular Biology,
Cambridge, CB2 0QH, United Kingdom
| | - Sophie Storrar
- MRC Laboratory
of Molecular Biology,
Cambridge, CB2 0QH, United Kingdom
| | - Martin D. Knolle
- MRC Laboratory
of Molecular Biology,
Cambridge, CB2 0QH, United Kingdom
- Cambridge
University Hospitals,
Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Patrycja Kozik
- MRC Laboratory
of Molecular Biology,
Cambridge, CB2 0QH, United Kingdom
| | - Helen E. Jolin
- MRC Laboratory
of Molecular Biology,
Cambridge, CB2 0QH, United Kingdom
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8
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Hashemi E, McCarthy C, Rao S, Malarkannan S. Transcriptomic diversity of innate lymphoid cells in human lymph nodes compared to BM and spleen. Commun Biol 2024; 7:769. [PMID: 38918571 PMCID: PMC11199704 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06450-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are largely tissue-resident, mostly described within the mucosal tissues. However, their presence and functions in the human draining lymph nodes (LNs) are unknown. Our study unravels the tissue-specific transcriptional profiles of 47,287 CD127+ ILCs within the human abdominal and thoracic LNs. LNs contain a higher frequency of CD127+ ILCs than in BM or spleen. We define independent stages of ILC development, including EILP and pILC in the BM. These progenitors exist in LNs in addition to naïve ILCs (nILCs) that can differentiate into mature ILCs. We define three ILC1 and four ILC3 sub-clusters in the LNs. ILC1 and ILC3 subsets have clusters with high heat shock protein-encoding genes. We identify previously unrecognized regulons, including the BACH2 family for ILC1 and the ATF family for ILC3. Our study is the comprehensive characterization of ILCs in LNs, providing an in-depth understanding of ILC-mediated immunity in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaheh Hashemi
- Blood Research Institute, Versiti, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin (MCW), Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | | | - Sridhar Rao
- Blood Research Institute, Versiti, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, MCW, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology, and Anatomy, MCW, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Subramaniam Malarkannan
- Blood Research Institute, Versiti, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin (MCW), Milwaukee, WI, USA.
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, MCW, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, MCW, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
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9
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Miyahara A, Umeki A, Sato K, Nomura T, Yamamoto H, Miyasaka T, Tanno D, Matsumoto I, Zong T, Kagesawa T, Oniyama A, Kawamura K, Yuan X, Yokoyama R, Kitai Y, Kanno E, Tanno H, Hara H, Yamasaki S, Saijo S, Iwakura Y, Ishii K, Kawakami K. Innate phase production of IFN-γ by memory and effector T cells expressing early activation marker CD69 during infection with Cryptococcus deneoformans in the lungs. Infect Immun 2024; 92:e0002424. [PMID: 38700335 PMCID: PMC11237684 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00024-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Cryptococcus deneoformans is a yeast-type fungus that causes fatal meningoencephalitis in immunocompromised patients and evades phagocytic cell elimination through an escape mechanism. Memory T (Tm) cells play a central role in preventing the reactivation of this fungal pathogen. Among these cells, tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells quickly respond to locally invaded pathogens. This study analyzes the kinetics of effector T (Teff) cells and Tm cells in the lungs after cryptococcal infection. Emphasis is placed on the kinetics and cytokine expression of TRM cells in the early phase of infection. CD4+ Tm cells exhibited a rapid increase by day 3, peaked at day 7, and then either maintained their levels or exhibited a slight decrease until day 56. In contrast, CD8+ Tm cells reached their peak on day 3 and thereafter decreased up to day 56 post-infection. These Tm cells were predominantly composed of CD69+ TRM cells and CD69+ CD103+ TRM cells. Disruption of the CARD9 gene resulted in reduced accumulation of these TRM cells and diminished interferon (IFN) -γ expression in TRM cells. TRM cells were derived from T cells with T cell receptors non-specific to ovalbumin in OT-II mice during cryptococcal infection. In addition, TRM cells exhibited varied behavior in different tissues. These results underscore the importance of T cells, which produce IFN-γ in the lungs during the early stage of infection, in providing early protection against cryptococcal infection through CARD9 signaling.
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Grants
- 18H02851, 21H02965 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT)
- 19K17920, 21K16314 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT)
- JP19jm0210073, JP20jm0210073, JP21jm0210073 Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED)
- ID-014 MSD Life Science Foundation, Public Interest Incorporated Foundation (SD Life Science Foundation)
- 20-02, 21-04 medical mycology research center, chiba university
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Miyahara
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Aya Umeki
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Ko Sato
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Toshiki Nomura
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Hideki Yamamoto
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Tomomitsu Miyasaka
- Center for Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Daiki Tanno
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Ikumi Matsumoto
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Tong Zong
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Takafumi Kagesawa
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Akiho Oniyama
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Kotone Kawamura
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Xiaoliang Yuan
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Rin Yokoyama
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Yuki Kitai
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Emi Kanno
- Department of Translational Science for Nursing, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Tanno
- Department of Translational Science for Nursing, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Hara
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Sho Yamasaki
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shinobu Saijo
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Iwakura
- Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba, Japan
| | - Keiko Ishii
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Kawakami
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
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10
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Sun H, Qiu J, Qiu J. Epigenetic regulation of innate lymphoid cells. Eur J Immunol 2024:e2350379. [PMID: 38824666 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202350379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) lack antigen-specific receptors and are considered the innate arm of the immune system, phenotypically and functionally mirroring CD4+ helper T cells. ILCs are categorized into groups 1, 2, and 3 based on transcription factors and cytokine expression. ILCs predominantly reside in mucosal tissues and play important roles in regional immune responses. The development and function of ILC subsets are controlled by both transcriptional and epigenetic mechanisms, which have been extensively studied in recent years. Epigenetic regulation refers to inheritable changes in gene expression that occur without affecting DNA sequences. This mainly includes chromatin status, histone modifications, and DNA methylation. In this review, we summarize recent discoveries on epigenetic mechanisms regulating ILC development and function, and how these regulations affect disease progression under pathological conditions. Although the ablation of specific epigenetic regulators can cause global changes in corresponding epigenetic modifications to the chromatin, only partial genes with altered epigenetic modifications change their mRNA expression, resulting in specific outcomes in cell differentiation and function. Therefore, elucidating epigenetic mechanisms underlying the regulation of ILCs will provide potential targets for the diagnosis and treatment of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanxiao Sun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Blood Transfusion, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinxin Qiu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ju Qiu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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11
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Horn V, Sonnenberg GF. Group 3 innate lymphoid cells in intestinal health and disease. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 21:428-443. [PMID: 38467885 PMCID: PMC11144103 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-024-00906-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract is an immunologically rich organ, containing complex cell networks and dense lymphoid structures that safeguard this large absorptive barrier from pathogens, contribute to tissue physiology and support mucosal healing. Simultaneously, the immune system must remain tolerant to innocuous dietary antigens and trillions of normally beneficial microorganisms colonizing the intestine. Indeed, a dysfunctional immune response in the intestine underlies the pathogenesis of numerous local and systemic diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease, food allergy, chronic enteric infections or cancers. Here, we discuss group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s), which have emerged as orchestrators of tissue physiology, immunity, inflammation, tolerance and malignancy in the gastrointestinal tract. ILC3s are abundant in the developing and healthy intestine but their numbers or function are altered during chronic disease and cancer. The latest studies provide new insights into the mechanisms by which ILC3s fundamentally shape intestinal homeostasis or disease pathophysiology, and often this functional dichotomy depends on context and complex interactions with other cell types or microorganisms. Finally, we consider how this knowledge could be harnessed to improve current treatments or provoke new opportunities for therapeutic intervention to promote gut health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Horn
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
- Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gregory F Sonnenberg
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA.
- Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA.
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12
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Yao Y, Shang W, Bao L, Peng Z, Wu C. Epithelial-immune cell crosstalk for intestinal barrier homeostasis. Eur J Immunol 2024; 54:e2350631. [PMID: 38556632 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202350631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
The intestinal barrier is mainly formed by a monolayer of epithelial cells, which forms a physical barrier to protect the gut tissues from external insults and provides a microenvironment for commensal bacteria to colonize while ensuring immune tolerance. Moreover, various immune cells are known to significantly contribute to intestinal barrier function by either directly interacting with epithelial cells or by producing immune mediators. Fulfilling this function of the gut barrier for mucosal homeostasis requires not only the intrinsic regulation of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) but also constant communication with immune cells and gut microbes. The reciprocal interactions between IECs and immune cells modulate mucosal barrier integrity. Dysregulation of barrier function could lead to dysbiosis, inflammation, and tumorigenesis. In this overview, we provide an update on the characteristics and functions of IECs, and how they integrate their functions with tissue immune cells and gut microbiota to establish gut homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yikun Yao
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition & Health, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Wanjing Shang
- Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lingyu Bao
- Section on Molecular Morphogenesis, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Zhaoyi Peng
- Section on Molecular Morphogenesis, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Chuan Wu
- Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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13
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Santacroce L, Topi S, Bottalico L, Charitos IA, Jirillo E. Current Knowledge about Gastric Microbiota with Special Emphasis on Helicobacter pylori-Related Gastric Conditions. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:4991-5009. [PMID: 38785567 PMCID: PMC11119845 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46050299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The gastric milieu, because of its very low acidic pH, is very harsh for bacterial growth. The discovery of Helicobacter pylori (H.p.) has opened a new avenue for studies on the gastric microbiota, thus indicating that the stomach is not a sterile environment. Nowadays, new technologies of bacterial identification have demonstrated the existence of other microorganisms in the gastric habitat, which play an important role in health and disease. This bacterium possesses an arsenal of compounds which enable its survival but, at the same time, damage the gastric mucosa. Toxins, such as cytotoxin-associated gene A, vacuolar cytotoxin A, lipopolysaccharides, and adhesins, determine an inflammatory status of the gastric mucosa which may become chronic, ultimately leading to a gastric carcinoma. In the initial stage, H.p. persistence alters the gastric microbiota with a condition of dysbiosis, predisposing to inflammation. Probiotics and prebiotics exhibit beneficial effects on H.p. infection, and, among them, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antibacterial activities are the major ones. Moreover, the association of probiotics with prebiotics (synbiotics) to conventional anti-H.p. therapy contributes to a more efficacious eradication of the bacterium. Also, polyphenols, largely present in the vegetal kingdom, have been demonstrated to alleviate H.p.-dependent pathologies, even including the inhibition of tumorigenesis. The gastric microbiota composition in health and disease is described. Then, cellular and molecular mechanisms of H.p.-mediated damage are clarified. Finally, the use of probiotics, prebiotics, and polyphenols in experimental models and in patients infected with H.p. is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Santacroce
- Section of Microbiology and Virology, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Skender Topi
- Department of Clinical Disciplines, University ‘Alexander Xhuvani’ of Elbasan, 3001 Elbasan, Albania; (S.T.)
| | - Lucrezia Bottalico
- Department of Clinical Disciplines, University ‘Alexander Xhuvani’ of Elbasan, 3001 Elbasan, Albania; (S.T.)
| | - Ioannis Alexandros Charitos
- Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pneumology and Respiratory Rehabilitation Unit, Institute of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Emilio Jirillo
- Section of Microbiology and Virology, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, 70124 Bari, Italy;
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14
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Sudan R, Gilfillan S, Colonna M. Group 1 ILCs: Heterogeneity, plasticity, and transcriptional regulation. Immunol Rev 2024; 323:107-117. [PMID: 38563448 PMCID: PMC11102297 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Group 1 innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), comprising ILC1s and natural killer cells (NK cells), belong to a large family of developmentally related innate lymphoid cells that lack rearranged antigen-specific receptors. NK cells and ILC1s both require the transcription factor T-bet for lineage commitment but additionally rely on Eomes and Hobit, respectively, for their development and effector maturation programs. Both ILC1s and NK cells are essential for rapid responses against infections and mediate cancer immunity through production of effector cytokines and cytotoxicity mediators. ILC1s are enriched in tissues and hence generally considered tissue resident cells whereas NK cells are often considered circulatory. Despite being deemed different cell types, ILC1s and NK cells share many common features both phenotypically and functionally. Recent studies employing single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) technology have exposed previously unappreciated heterogeneity in group 1 ILCs and further broaden our understanding of these cells. Findings from these studies imply that ILC1s in different tissues and organs share a common signature but exhibit some unique characteristics, possibly stemming from tissue imprinting. Also, data from recent fate mapping studies employing Hobit, RORγt, and polychromic reporter mice have greatly advanced our understanding of the developmental and effector maturation programs of these cells. In this review, we aim to outline the fundamental traits of mouse group 1 ILCs and explore recent discoveries related to their developmental programs, phenotypic heterogeneity, plasticity, and transcriptional regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raki Sudan
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Susan Gilfillan
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Marco Colonna
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
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15
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Ortega-Rodriguez AC, Guerra de Blas PDC, Ramírez-Torres R, Martínez-Shio EB, Monsiváis-Urenda AE. Quantitative Analysis of Innate Lymphoid Cells in Patients with ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction. Immunol Invest 2024; 53:586-603. [PMID: 38700235 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2024.2316052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is one of the principal causes of death in Mexico and worldwide. AMI triggers an acute inflammatory process that induces the activation of different populations of the innate immune system. Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are an innate immunity, highly pleiotropic population, which have been observed to participate in tissue repair and polarization of the adaptive immune response. OBJECTIVE We aimed to analyze the levels of subsets of ILCs in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), immediately 3 and 6 months post-AMI, and analyze their correlation with clinical parameters. RESULTS We evaluated 29 STEMI patients and 15 healthy controls and analyzed the different subsets of circulating ILCs, immediately 3 and 6 months post-AMI. We observed higher levels of circulating ILCs in STEMI patients compared to control subjects and a significant correlation between ILC levels and cardiac function. We also found increased production of the cytokines interleukin 5 (IL-5) and interleukin 17A (IL-17A), produced by ILC2 cells and by ILC3 cells, respectively, in the STEMI patients. CONCLUSION This study shows new evidence of the role of ILCs in the pathophysiology of AMI and their possible involvement in the maintenance of cardiac function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alma Celeste Ortega-Rodriguez
- Medicina Molecular y Traslacional, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina, Departamento de Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Paola Del Carmen Guerra de Blas
- Coordinating Center, The Mexican Emerging Infectious Diseases Clinical Research Network (LaRed), Mexico City, Mexico
- Departamento de Infectología, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ricardo Ramírez-Torres
- Medicina Molecular y Traslacional, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina, Departamento de Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Elena B Martínez-Shio
- Medicina Molecular y Traslacional, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina, Departamento de Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Adriana E Monsiváis-Urenda
- Medicina Molecular y Traslacional, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina, Departamento de Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
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16
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Serafini N, Di Santo JP. Group 3 innate lymphoid cells: A trained Gutkeeper. Immunol Rev 2024; 323:126-137. [PMID: 38491842 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) are tissue-resident immune lymphocytes that critically regulate intestinal homeostasis, organogenesis, and immunity. ILC3s possess the capacity to "sense" the inflammatory environment within tissues, especially in the context of pathogen challenges that imprints durable non-antigen-specific changes in ILC3 function. As such, ILC3s become a new actor in the emerging field of trained innate immunity. Here, we summarize recent discoveries regarding ILC3 responses to bacterial challenges and the role these encounters play in triggering trained innate immunity. We further discuss how signaling events throughout ILC3 ontogeny potentially control the development and function of trained ILC3s. Finally, we highlight the open questions surrounding ILC3 "training" the answers to which may reveal new insights into innate immunity. Understanding the fundamental concepts behind trained innate immunity could potentially lead to the development of new strategies for improving immunity-based modulation therapies for inflammation, infectious diseases, and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Serafini
- Innate Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Inserm U1223, Paris, France
| | - James P Di Santo
- Innate Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Inserm U1223, Paris, France
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17
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Piersma SJ. Tissue-specific features of innate lymphoid cells in antiviral defense. Cell Mol Immunol 2024:10.1038/s41423-024-01161-x. [PMID: 38684766 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-024-01161-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Innate lymphocytes (ILCs) rapidly respond to and protect against invading pathogens and cancer. ILCs include natural killer (NK) cells, ILC1s, ILC2s, ILC3s, and lymphoid tissue inducer (LTi) cells and include type I, type II, and type III immune cells. While NK cells have been well recognized for their role in antiviral immunity, other ILC subtypes are emerging as players in antiviral defense. Each ILC subset has specialized functions that uniquely impact the antiviral immunity and health of the host depending on the tissue microenvironment. This review focuses on the specialized functions of each ILC subtype and their roles in antiviral immune responses across tissues. Several viruses within infection-prone tissues will be highlighted to provide an overview of the extent of the ILC immunity within tissues and emphasize common versus virus-specific responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sytse J Piersma
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
- Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
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18
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Verner JM, Arbuthnott HF, Ramachandran R, Bharadwaj M, Chaudhury N, Jou E. Emerging roles of type 1 innate lymphoid cells in tumour pathogenesis and cancer immunotherapy. EXPLORATION OF TARGETED ANTI-TUMOR THERAPY 2024; 5:296-315. [PMID: 38745765 PMCID: PMC11090689 DOI: 10.37349/etat.2024.00219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are the most recently discovered class of innate immune cells found to have prominent roles in various human immune-related pathologies such as infection and autoimmune diseases. However, their role in cancer was largely unclear until recently, where several emerging studies over the past few years unanimously demonstrate ILCs to be critical players in tumour immunity. Being the innate counterpart of T cells, ILCs are potent cytokine producers through which they orchestrate the overall immune response upstream of adaptive immunity thereby modulating T cell function. Out of the major ILC subsets, ILC1s have gained significant traction as potential immunotherapeutic candidates due to their central involvement with the anti-tumour type 1 immune response. ILC1s are potent producers of the well-established anti-tumour cytokine interferon γ (IFNγ), and exert direct cytotoxicity against cancer cells in response to the cytokine interleukin-15 (IL-15). However, in advanced diseases, ILC1s are found to demonstrate an exhausted phenotype in the tumour microenvironment (TME) with impaired effector functions, characterised by decreased responsiveness to cytokines and reduced IFNγ production. Tumour cells produce immunomodulatory cytokines such as transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) and IL-23, and through these suppress ILC1 anti-tumour actfivities and converts ILC1s to pro-tumoural ILC3s respectively, resulting in disease progression. This review provides a comprehensive overview of ILC1s in tumour immunity, and discusses the exciting prospects of harnessing ILC1s for cancer immunotherapy, either alone or in combination with cytokine-based treatment. The exciting prospects of targeting the upstream innate immune system through ILC1s may surmount the limitations associated with adaptive immune T cell-based strategies used in the clinic currently, and overcome cancer immunotherapeutic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Raghavskandhan Ramachandran
- Medical Sciences Division, Oxford University Hospitals, OX3 9DU Oxford, United Kingdom
- Balliol College, University of Oxford, OX1 3BJ Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Manini Bharadwaj
- Wexham Park Hospital, Frimley Health NHS Foundation Trust, SL2 4HL Slough, United Kingdom
| | - Natasha Chaudhury
- Wexham Park Hospital, Frimley Health NHS Foundation Trust, SL2 4HL Slough, United Kingdom
| | - Eric Jou
- Medical Sciences Division, Oxford University Hospitals, OX3 9DU Oxford, United Kingdom
- Wexham Park Hospital, Frimley Health NHS Foundation Trust, SL2 4HL Slough, United Kingdom
- Kellogg College, University of Oxford, OX2 6PN Oxford, United Kingdom
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19
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Frey HC, Sun X, Oudeif F, Corona DL, He Z, Won T, Schultz TL, Carruthers VB, Laouar A, Laouar Y. A Membrane Lipid Signature Unravels the Dynamic Landscape of Group 1 ILCs. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.17.589821. [PMID: 38659946 PMCID: PMC11042254 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.17.589821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
In an era where the established lines between cell identities are blurred by intra-lineage plasticity, distinguishing between stable and transitional states becomes imperative. This challenge is particularly pronounced within the Group 1 ILC lineage, where the similarity and plasticity between NK cells and ILC1s obscure their classification and the assignment of their unique contributions to immune regulation. This study exploits the unique property of Asialo-GM1 (AsGM1)-a membrane lipid associated with cytotoxic attributes absent in ILC1s-as a definitive criterion to distinguish between these cells. By prioritizing cytotoxic potential as the cardinal differentiator, our strategic use of the AsGM1 signature achieved precise delineation of NK cells and ILC1s across tissues, validated by RNA-seq analysis. This capability extends beyond steady-state classifications, adeptly capturing the binary classification of NK cells and ILC1s during acute liver injury. By leveraging two established models of NK-to-ILC1 plasticity driven by TGFβ and Toxoplasma gondii , we demonstrate the stability of the AsGM1 signature, which sharply contrasts with the loss of Eomes. This signature identified a spectrum of known and novel NK cell derivatives-ILC1-like entities that bridge traditional binary classifications in aging and infection. The early detection of the AsGM1 signature at the immature NK (iNK) stage, preceding Eomes, and its stability, unaffected by transcriptional reprogramming that typically alters Eomes, position AsGM1 as a unique, site-agnostic marker for fate mapping NK-to-ILC1 plasticity. This provides a powerful tool to explore the expanding heterogeneity within the Group 1 ILC landscape, effectively transcending the ambiguity inherent to the NK-to-ILC1 continuum.
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20
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Lu HF, Zhou YC, Luo DD, Yang DH, Wang XJ, Cheng BH, Zeng XH. ILC2s: Unraveling the innate immune orchestrators in allergic inflammation. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 131:111899. [PMID: 38513576 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
The prevalence rate of allergic diseases including asthma, atopic rhinitis (AR) and atopic dermatitis (AD) has been significantly increasing in recent decades due to environmental changes and social developments. With the study of innate lymphoid cells, the crucial role played by type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) have been progressively unveiled in allergic diseases. ILC2s, which are a subset of innate lymphocytes initiate allergic responses. They respond swiftly during the onset of allergic reactions and produce type 2 cytokines, working in conjunction with T helper type 2 (Th2) cells to induce and sustain type 2 immune responses. The role of ILC2s represents an intriguing frontier in immunology; however, the intricate immune mechanisms of ILC2s in allergic responses remain relatively poorly understood. To gain a comphrehensive understanding of the research progress of ILC2, we summarize recent advances in ILC2s biology in pathologic allergic inflammation to inspire novel approaches for managing allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Fei Lu
- Department of Graduate and Scientific Research, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai 519041, China; Department of Otolaryngology, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology, Shenzhen Institute of Otolaryngology, Shenzhen Longgang Otolaryngology Hospital, Shenzhen, 518172, China
| | - Yi-Chi Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Shenzhen Hospital (Longgang), Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Dan-Dan Luo
- Department of Graduate and Scientific Research, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai 519041, China
| | - Dun-Hui Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology, Shenzhen Institute of Otolaryngology, Shenzhen Longgang Otolaryngology Hospital, Shenzhen, 518172, China
| | - Xi-Jia Wang
- Department of Graduate and Scientific Research, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai 519041, China
| | - Bao-Hui Cheng
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology, Shenzhen Institute of Otolaryngology, Shenzhen Longgang Otolaryngology Hospital, Shenzhen, 518172, China.
| | - Xian-Hai Zeng
- Department of Graduate and Scientific Research, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai 519041, China; Department of Otolaryngology, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology, Shenzhen Institute of Otolaryngology, Shenzhen Longgang Otolaryngology Hospital, Shenzhen, 518172, China.
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21
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Pollenus E, Prenen F, Possemiers H, Knoops S, Mitera T, Lamote J, De Visscher A, Vandermosten L, Pham TT, Matthys P, Van den Steen PE. Aspecific binding of anti-NK1.1 antibodies on myeloid cells in an experimental model for malaria-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome. Malar J 2024; 23:110. [PMID: 38637828 PMCID: PMC11025177 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-024-04944-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Conventional natural killer (cNK) cells play an important role in the innate immune response by directly killing infected and malignant cells and by producing pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Studies on their role in malaria and its complications have resulted in conflicting results. METHODS Using the commonly used anti-NK1.1 depletion antibodies (PK136) in an in-house optimized experimental model for malaria-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome (MA-ARDS), the role of cNK cells was investigated. Moreover, flow cytometry was performed to characterize different NK cell populations. RESULTS While cNK cells were found to be dispensable in the development of MA-ARDS, the appearance of a NK1.1+ cell population was observed in the lungs upon infection despite depletion with anti-NK1.1. Detailed characterization of the unknown population revealed that this population consisted of a mixture of monocytes and macrophages that bind the anti-NK1.1 antibody in an aspecific way. This aspecific binding may occur via Fcγ receptors, such as FcγR4. In contrast, in vivo depletion using anti-NK1.1 antibodies was proved to be specific for cNK cells. CONCLUSION cNK cells are dispensable in the development of experimental MA-ARDS. Moreover, careful flow cytometric analysis, with a critical mindset in relation to potential aspecific binding despite the use of commercially available Fc blocking reagents, is critical to avoid misinterpretation of the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Pollenus
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Fran Prenen
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hendrik Possemiers
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sofie Knoops
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tania Mitera
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jochen Lamote
- Laboratory for Molecular Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, VIB, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Amber De Visscher
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Leen Vandermosten
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Thao-Thy Pham
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Currently at Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Patrick Matthys
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Philippe E Van den Steen
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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22
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Schanz ML, Bitters AM, Zadeii KE, Joulani D, Chamberlain AK, López-Yglesias AH. IL-12 Mediates T-bet-Expressing Myeloid Cell-Dependent Host Resistance against Toxoplasma gondii. Immunohorizons 2024; 8:355-362. [PMID: 38687282 PMCID: PMC11066714 DOI: 10.4049/immunohorizons.2400029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
To defend against intracellular pathogens such as Toxoplasma gondii, the host generates a robust type 1 immune response. Specifically, host defense against T. gondii is defined by an IL-12-dependent IFN-γ response that is critical for host resistance. Previously, we demonstrated that host resistance is mediated by T-bet-dependent ILC-derived IFN-γ by maintaining IRF8+ conventional type 1 dendritic cells during parasitic infection. Therefore, we hypothesized that innate lymphoid cells are indispensable for host survival. Surprisingly, we observed that T-bet-deficient mice succumb to infection quicker than do mice lacking lymphocytes, suggesting an unknown T-bet-dependent-mediated host defense pathway. Analysis of parasite-mediated inflammatory myeloid cells revealed a novel subpopulation of T-bet+ myeloid cells (TMCs). Our results reveal that TMCs have the largest intracellular parasite burden compared with other professional phagocytes, suggesting they are associated with active killing of T. gondii. Mechanistically, we established that IL-12 is necessary for the induction of inflammatory TMCs during infection and these cells are linked to a role in host survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madison L. Schanz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine–Terre Haute, Terre Haute, IN
| | - Abigail M. Bitters
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine–Terre Haute, Terre Haute, IN
| | - Kamryn E. Zadeii
- Department of Biology, Indiana State University, Terre Haute, IN
| | - Dana Joulani
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine–Terre Haute, Terre Haute, IN
| | - Angela K. Chamberlain
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine–Terre Haute, Terre Haute, IN
| | - Américo H. López-Yglesias
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine–Terre Haute, Terre Haute, IN
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23
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Chen ZY, Mortha A. INPP4B ensures that ILC1s and NK cells set up a productive home office. J Exp Med 2024; 221:e20232375. [PMID: 38329467 PMCID: PMC10866016 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20232375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
In this issue of JEM, Peng et al. (https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20230124) identify inositol polyphosphate 4-phosphatase type II (encoded by Inpp4b) as an important enzyme for tissue-resident ILC1 and NK cell survival, signal transduction, and anti-tumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi Yan Chen
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Arthur Mortha
- Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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24
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Katirci E, Kendirci-Katirci R, Korgun ET. Are innate lymphoid cells friend or foe in human pregnancy? Am J Reprod Immunol 2024; 91:e13834. [PMID: 38500395 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are involved in the innate immune system because they lack specific antigen receptors and lineage markers. ILCs also display phenotypic and characteristic features of adaptive immune cells. Therefore, ILCs are functional in essential interactions between adaptive and innate immunity. ILCs are found in both lymphoid and nonlymphoid tissues and migrate to the area of inflammation during the inflammatory process. ILCs respond to pathogens by producing a variety of cytokines and are involved in the barrier defense of antigens and in many immunological processes such as allergic events. Recent research has shown that ILCs are functional during human pregnancy and have been suggested to be essential for the healthy progression of pregnancy. In this review, we focus on the role of ILCs in human pregnancy by discussing the relationship between ILCs and the pregnancy microenvironment, specifically summarizing the role of ILCs in physiological and pathological pregnancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ertan Katirci
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahi Evran University, Kirsehir, Turkey
| | - Remziye Kendirci-Katirci
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Emin Turkay Korgun
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
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25
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Kveštak D, Mihalić A, Jonjić S, Brizić I. Innate lymphoid cells in neuroinflammation. Front Cell Neurosci 2024; 18:1364485. [PMID: 38450285 PMCID: PMC10915051 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2024.1364485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are largely tissue-resident cells that participate in the maintenance of tissue homeostasis and react early to inflammatory events. Mature ILCs are divided into three major groups based on the transcription factors required for their development and function. Under physiological conditions, ILCs are present within the choroid plexus and meninges while the CNS parenchyma is almost devoid of these cells. However, pathological conditions such as autoimmune neuroinflammation and viral infections of the CNS result in the infiltration of ILCs into parenchyma. In this article, we provide an overview of the involvement and function of the ILCs within the CNS during physiological conditions and in infections, autoimmune diseases, neurodegeneration, and injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Kveštak
- Center for Proteomics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Andrea Mihalić
- Center for Proteomics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Stipan Jonjić
- Center for Proteomics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Ilija Brizić
- Center for Proteomics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
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26
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To TT, Oparaugo NC, Kheshvadjian AR, Nelson AM, Agak GW. Understanding Type 3 Innate Lymphoid Cells and Crosstalk with the Microbiota: A Skin Connection. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2021. [PMID: 38396697 PMCID: PMC10888374 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are a diverse population of lymphocytes classified into natural killer (NK) cells, ILC1s, ILC2s, ILC3s, and ILCregs, broadly following the cytokine secretion and transcription factor profiles of classical T cell subsets. Nonetheless, the ILC lineage does not have rearranged antigen-specific receptors and possesses distinct characteristics. ILCs are found in barrier tissues such as the skin, lungs, and intestines, where they play a role between acquired immune cells and myeloid cells. Within the skin, ILCs are activated by the microbiota and, in turn, may influence the microbiome composition and modulate immune function through cytokine secretion or direct cellular interactions. In particular, ILC3s provide epithelial protection against extracellular bacteria. However, the mechanism by which these cells modulate skin health and homeostasis in response to microbiome changes is unclear. To better understand how ILC3s function against microbiota perturbations in the skin, we propose a role for these cells in response to Cutibacterium acnes, a predominant commensal bacterium linked to the inflammatory skin condition, acne vulgaris. In this article, we review current evidence describing the role of ILC3s in the skin and suggest functional roles by drawing parallels with ILC3s from other organs. We emphasize the limited understanding and knowledge gaps of ILC3s in the skin and discuss the potential impact of ILC3-microbiota crosstalk in select skin diseases. Exploring the dialogue between the microbiota and ILC3s may lead to novel strategies to ameliorate skin immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thao Tam To
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of California (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Nicole Chizara Oparaugo
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of California (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Alexander R. Kheshvadjian
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of California (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Amanda M. Nelson
- Department of Dermatology, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - George W. Agak
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of California (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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27
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Read E, Peña-Cearra A, Coman D, Jowett GM, Chung MWH, Coales I, Syntaka S, Finlay RE, Tachó-Piñot R, van Der Post S, Naizi U, Roberts LB, Hepworth MR, Curtis MA, Neves JF. Bi-directional signaling between the intestinal epithelium and type-3 innate lymphoid cells regulates secretory dynamics and interleukin-22. Mucosal Immunol 2024; 17:1-12. [PMID: 37952849 PMCID: PMC7615753 DOI: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2023.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Type-3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3) respond to localized environmental cues to regulate homeostasis and orchestrate immunity in the intestine. The intestinal epithelium is an important upstream regulator and downstream target of ILC3 signaling, however, the complexity of mucosal tissues can hinder efforts to define specific interactions between these two compartments. Here, we employ a reductionist co-culture system of murine epithelial small intestinal organoids (SIO) with ILC3 to uncover bi-directional signaling mechanisms that underlie intestinal homeostasis. We report that ILC3 induce global transcriptional changes in intestinal epithelial cells, driving the enrichment of secretory goblet cell signatures. We find that SIO enriched for goblet cells promote NKp46+ ILC3 and interleukin (IL)-22 expression, which can feedback to induce IL-22-mediated epithelial transcriptional signatures. However, we show that epithelial regulation of ILC3 in this system is contact-dependent and demonstrate a role for epithelial Delta-Like-Canonical-Notch-Ligand (Dll) in driving IL-22 production by ILC3, via subset-specific Notch1-mediated activation of T-bet+ ILC3. Finally, by interfering with Notch ligand-receptor dynamics, ILC3 appear to upregulate epithelial Atoh1 to skew secretory lineage determination in SIO-ILC3 co-cultures. This research outlines two complimentary bi-directional signaling modules between the intestinal epithelium and ILC3, which may be relevant in intestinal homeostasis and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Read
- Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, King's College London, London, UK; Wellcome Trust Advanced Therapies and Regenerative Medicine PhD Programme, London, UK
| | - Ainize Peña-Cearra
- Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, King's College London, London, UK; Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain
| | - Diana Coman
- Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Geraldine M Jowett
- Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, King's College London, London, UK; Wellcome Trust Advanced Therapies and Regenerative Medicine PhD Programme, London, UK; Wellcome Trust/Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Matthew W H Chung
- Wellcome Trust Advanced Therapies and Regenerative Medicine PhD Programme, London, UK; Centre for Gene Therapy & Regenerative Medicine, Kinǵs College, London, UK; Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College, London, UK
| | - Isabelle Coales
- Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Sofia Syntaka
- Wellcome Trust Advanced Therapies and Regenerative Medicine PhD Programme, London, UK; Centre for Gene Therapy & Regenerative Medicine, Kinǵs College, London, UK
| | - Rachel E Finlay
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, the University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Roser Tachó-Piñot
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, the University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Sjoerd van Der Post
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Umar Naizi
- Guy's and St Thomas' National Health Service Foundation Trust and King's College London National Institute for Health Research and Social Care, Biomedical Research Centre Translational Bioinformatics Platform, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Luke B Roberts
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College, London, UK; Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, the University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Matthew R Hepworth
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, the University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Michael A Curtis
- Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Joana F Neves
- Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, King's College London, London, UK.
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28
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Dean I, Lee CYC, Tuong ZK, Li Z, Tibbitt CA, Willis C, Gaspal F, Kennedy BC, Matei-Rascu V, Fiancette R, Nordenvall C, Lindforss U, Baker SM, Stockmann C, Sexl V, Hammond SA, Dovedi SJ, Mjösberg J, Hepworth MR, Carlesso G, Clatworthy MR, Withers DR. Rapid functional impairment of natural killer cells following tumor entry limits anti-tumor immunity. Nat Commun 2024; 15:683. [PMID: 38267402 PMCID: PMC10808449 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-44789-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Immune cell dysfunction within the tumor microenvironment (TME) undermines the control of cancer progression. Established tumors contain phenotypically distinct, tumor-specific natural killer (NK) cells; however, the temporal dynamics, mechanistic underpinning and functional significance of the NK cell compartment remains incompletely understood. Here, we use photo-labeling, combined with longitudinal transcriptomic and cellular analyses, to interrogate the fate of intratumoral NK cells. We reveal that NK cells rapidly lose effector functions and adopt a distinct phenotypic state with features associated with tissue residency. NK cell depletion from established tumors did not alter tumor growth, indicating that intratumoral NK cells cease to actively contribute to anti-tumor responses. IL-15 administration prevented loss of function and improved tumor control, generating intratumoral NK cells with both tissue-residency characteristics and enhanced effector function. Collectively, our data reveals the fate of NK cells after recruitment into tumors and provides insight into how their function may be revived.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Dean
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Colin Y C Lee
- Department of Medicine, Molecular Immunity Unit, Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cellular Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Zewen K Tuong
- Department of Medicine, Molecular Immunity Unit, Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cellular Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Zhi Li
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Christopher A Tibbitt
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Claire Willis
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Fabrina Gaspal
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Bethany C Kennedy
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Veronika Matei-Rascu
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Rémi Fiancette
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Caroline Nordenvall
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet and Department of Pelvic Cancer, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ulrik Lindforss
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet and Department of Pelvic Cancer, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Syed Murtuza Baker
- Division of Informatics, Imaging & Data Science, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, the University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Veronika Sexl
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | - Jenny Mjösberg
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Clinical Lung and Allergy Research, Medical unit for Lung and Allergy Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Matthew R Hepworth
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, the University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Menna R Clatworthy
- Department of Medicine, Molecular Immunity Unit, Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Cellular Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK.
| | - David R Withers
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
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29
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Bourayou E, Perchet T, Meunier S, Bouvier H, Mailhe MP, Melanitou E, Cumano A, Golub R. Bone marrow monocytes sustain NK cell-poiesis during non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Cell Rep 2024; 43:113676. [PMID: 38217855 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.113676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are the predominant lymphocyte population in the liver. At the onset of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), an accumulation of activated NK cells is observed in the liver in parallel with inflammatory monocyte recruitment and an increased systemic inflammation. Using in vivo and in vitro experiments, we unveil a specific stimulation of NK cell-poiesis during NASH by medullary monocytes that trans-present interleukin-15 (IL-15) and secrete osteopontin, a biomarker for patients with NASH. This cellular dialogue leads to increased survival and maturation of NK precursors that are recruited to the liver, where they dampen the inflammatory monocyte infiltration. The increase in the production of both osteopontin and the IL-15/IL-15Rα complex by bone marrow monocytes is induced by endotoxemia. We propose a tripartite gut-liver-bone marrow axis regulating the immune population dynamics and effector functions during liver inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Bourayou
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1223, Lymphocyte and Immunity Unit, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Thibaut Perchet
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1223, Lymphocyte and Immunity Unit, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Sylvain Meunier
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1223, Lymphocyte and Immunity Unit, 75015 Paris, France; Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), INSERM U955, 94000 Créteil, France
| | - Hugo Bouvier
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1223, Lymphocyte and Immunity Unit, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Marie-Pierre Mailhe
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1223, Lymphocyte and Immunity Unit, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Evie Melanitou
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Department of Parasites and Insect Vectors, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Ana Cumano
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1223, Lymphocyte and Immunity Unit, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Rachel Golub
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1223, Lymphocyte and Immunity Unit, 75015 Paris, France.
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30
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Tougaard P, Pérez MR, Steels W, Huysentruyt J, Verstraeten B, Vetters J, Divert T, Gonçalves A, Roelandt R, Takahashi N, Janssens S, Buus TB, Taghon T, Leclercq G, Vandenabeele P. Type 1 immunity enables neonatal thymic ILC1 production. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadh5520. [PMID: 38232171 PMCID: PMC10793954 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adh5520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Acute thymic atrophy occurs following type 1 inflammatory conditions such as viral infection and sepsis, resulting in cell death and disruption of T cell development. However, the impact type 1 immunity has on thymic-resident innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) remains unclear. Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed neonatal thymic-resident type 1 ILCs (ILC1s) as a unique and immature subset compared to ILC1s in other primary lymphoid organs. Culturing murine neonatal thymic lobes with the type 1 cytokines interleukin-12 (IL-12) and IL-18 resulted in a rapid expansion and thymic egress of KLRG1+CXCR6+ cytotoxic ILC1s. Live imaging showed the subcapsular thymic localization and exit of ILC1s following IL-12 + IL-18 stimulation. Similarly, murine cytomegalovirus infection in neonates resulted in thymic atrophy and subcapsular localization of thymic-resident ILC1s. Neonatal thymic grafting revealed that type 1 inflammation enhances the homing of cytokine-producing thymus-derived ILC1s to the liver and peritoneal cavity. Together, we show that type 1 immunity promotes the expansion and peripheral homing of thymic-derived ILC1s.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Tougaard
- Cell death and Inflammation Unit, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Mario R. Pérez
- Cell death and Inflammation Unit, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Wolf Steels
- Cell death and Inflammation Unit, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jelle Huysentruyt
- Cell death and Inflammation Unit, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bruno Verstraeten
- Cell death and Inflammation Unit, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jessica Vetters
- Laboratory for ER Stress and Inflammation, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tatyana Divert
- Cell death and Inflammation Unit, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Amanda Gonçalves
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB BioImaging Core, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium
| | - Ria Roelandt
- Cell death and Inflammation Unit, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nozomi Takahashi
- Cell death and Inflammation Unit, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sophie Janssens
- Laboratory for ER Stress and Inflammation, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Terkild B. Buus
- LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tom Taghon
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Georges Leclercq
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Peter Vandenabeele
- Cell death and Inflammation Unit, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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31
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Ning H, Liu J, Tan J, Yi M, Lin X. The role of the Notch signalling pathway in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis: from the perspective of intestinal mucosal barrier. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 10:1333531. [PMID: 38249980 PMCID: PMC10796567 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1333531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis is a common digestive disorder worldwide, with increasing incidence in recent years. It is an urgent problem to be solved, as it seriously affects and threatens the health and life of the global population. Studies have shown that dysfunction of the intestinal mucosal barrier is a critical pathogenic factor and molecular basis of ulcerative colitis, and some scholars have described it as a "barrier organ disease." While the Notch signalling pathway affects a series of cellular processes, including proliferation, differentiation, development, migration, and apoptosis. Therefore, it can regulate intestinal stem cells, CD4+ T cells, innate lymphoid cells, macrophages, and intestinal microbiota and intervene in the chemical, physical, immune, and biological mucosal barriers in cases of ulcerative colitis. The Notch signalling pathway associated with the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis has distinct characteristics, with good regulatory effects on the mucosal barrier. However, research on ulcerative colitis has mainly focused on immune regulation, anti-inflammatory activity, and antioxidant stress; therefore, the study of the Notch signalling pathway suggests the possibility of understanding the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis from another perspective. In this article we explore the role and mechanism of the Notch signalling pathway in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis from the perspective of the intestinal mucosal barrier to provide new targets and theoretical support for further research on the pathogenesis and clinical treatment of ulcerative colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Ning
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Jiemin Liu
- Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Jiaqian Tan
- Medical School, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Mengni Yi
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Lin
- The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
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32
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Ikuta K, Asahi T, Cui G, Abe S, Takami D. Control of the Development, Distribution, and Function of Innate-Like Lymphocytes and Innate Lymphoid Cells by the Tissue Microenvironment. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2024; 1444:111-127. [PMID: 38467976 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-99-9781-7_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Recently, considerable attention has been directed toward innate-like T cells (ITCs) and innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) owing to their indispensable contributions to immune responses, tissue homeostasis, and inflammation. Innate-like T cells include NKT cells, MAIT cells, and γδ T cells, whereas ILCs include NK cells, type 1 ILCs (ILC1s), type 2 ILCs (ILC2s), and type 3 ILCs (ILC3s). Many of these ITCs and ILCs are distributed to specific tissues and remain tissue-resident, while others, such as NK cells and some γδ T cells, circulate through the bloodstream. Nevertheless, recent research has shed light on novel subsets of innate immune cells that exhibit characteristics intermediate between tissue-resident and circulating states under normal and pathological conditions. The local microenvironment frequently influences the development, distribution, and function of these innate immune cells. This review aims to consolidate the current knowledge on the functional heterogeneity of ITCs and ILCs, shaped by local environmental cues, with particular emphasis on IL-15, which governs the activities of the innate immune cells involved in type 1 immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Ikuta
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Takuma Asahi
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Guangwei Cui
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shinya Abe
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Daichi Takami
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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Huang W, Paul D, Calin GA, Bayraktar R. miR-142: A Master Regulator in Hematological Malignancies and Therapeutic Opportunities. Cells 2023; 13:84. [PMID: 38201290 PMCID: PMC10778542 DOI: 10.3390/cells13010084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a type of non-coding RNA whose dysregulation is frequently associated with the onset and progression of human cancers. miR-142, an ultra-conserved miRNA with both active -3p and -5p mature strands and wide-ranging physiological targets, has been the subject of countless studies over the years. Due to its preferential expression in hematopoietic cells, miR-142 has been found to be associated with numerous types of lymphomas and leukemias. This review elucidates the multifaceted role of miR-142 in human physiology, its influence on hematopoiesis and hematopoietic cells, and its intriguing involvement in exosome-mediated miR-142 transport. Moreover, we offer a comprehensive exploration of the genetic and molecular landscape of the miR-142 genomic locus, highlighting its mutations and dysregulation within hematological malignancies. Finally, we discuss potential avenues for harnessing the therapeutic potential of miR-142 in the context of hematological malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilson Huang
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (W.H.); (G.A.C.)
| | - Doru Paul
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA;
| | - George A. Calin
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (W.H.); (G.A.C.)
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Leukemia, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Recep Bayraktar
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Chen Z, Guan D, Wang Z, Li X, Dong S, Huang J, Zhou W. Microbiota in cancer: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic interventions. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e417. [PMID: 37937304 PMCID: PMC10626288 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The diverse bacterial populations within the symbiotic microbiota play a pivotal role in both health and disease. Microbiota modulates critical aspects of tumor biology including cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. This regulation occurs through mechanisms like enhancing genomic damage, hindering gene repair, activating aberrant cell signaling pathways, influencing tumor cell metabolism, promoting revascularization, and remodeling the tumor immune microenvironment. These microbiota-mediated effects significantly impact overall survival and the recurrence of tumors after surgery by affecting the efficacy of chemoradiotherapy. Moreover, leveraging the microbiota for the development of biovectors, probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics, in addition to utilizing antibiotics, dietary adjustments, defensins, oncolytic virotherapy, and fecal microbiota transplantation, offers promising alternatives for cancer treatment. Nonetheless, due to the extensive and diverse nature of the microbiota, along with tumor heterogeneity, the molecular mechanisms underlying the role of microbiota in cancer remain a subject of intense debate. In this context, we refocus on various cancers, delving into the molecular signaling pathways associated with the microbiota and its derivatives, the reshaping of the tumor microenvironmental matrix, and the impact on tolerance to tumor treatments such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy. This exploration aims to shed light on novel perspectives and potential applications in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Chen
- The First Clinical Medical CollegeLanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuChina
- The First Hospital of Lanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuChina
| | - Defeng Guan
- The First Clinical Medical CollegeLanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuChina
- The First Hospital of Lanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuChina
| | - Zhengfeng Wang
- The First Clinical Medical CollegeLanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuChina
- The First Hospital of Lanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuChina
| | - Xin Li
- The Second Clinical Medical CollegeLanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuChina
- The Department of General SurgeryLanzhou University Second HospitalLanzhouGansuChina
| | - Shi Dong
- The Second Clinical Medical CollegeLanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuChina
- The Department of General SurgeryLanzhou University Second HospitalLanzhouGansuChina
| | - Junjun Huang
- The First Hospital of Lanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuChina
| | - Wence Zhou
- The First Clinical Medical CollegeLanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuChina
- The Department of General SurgeryLanzhou University Second HospitalLanzhouGansuChina
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35
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Yi M, Li T, Niu M, Mei Q, Zhao B, Chu Q, Dai Z, Wu K. Exploiting innate immunity for cancer immunotherapy. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:187. [PMID: 38008741 PMCID: PMC10680233 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01885-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapies have revolutionized the treatment paradigms of various types of cancers. However, most of these immunomodulatory strategies focus on harnessing adaptive immunity, mainly by inhibiting immunosuppressive signaling with immune checkpoint blockade, or enhancing immunostimulatory signaling with bispecific T cell engager and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell. Although these agents have already achieved great success, only a tiny percentage of patients could benefit from immunotherapies. Actually, immunotherapy efficacy is determined by multiple components in the tumor microenvironment beyond adaptive immunity. Cells from the innate arm of the immune system, such as macrophages, dendritic cells, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, neutrophils, natural killer cells, and unconventional T cells, also participate in cancer immune evasion and surveillance. Considering that the innate arm is the cornerstone of the antitumor immune response, utilizing innate immunity provides potential therapeutic options for cancer control. Up to now, strategies exploiting innate immunity, such as agonists of stimulator of interferon genes, CAR-macrophage or -natural killer cell therapies, metabolic regulators, and novel immune checkpoint blockade, have exhibited potent antitumor activities in preclinical and clinical studies. Here, we summarize the latest insights into the potential roles of innate cells in antitumor immunity and discuss the advances in innate arm-targeted therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yi
- Cancer Center, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Science, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, People's Republic of China
- Department of Breast Surgery, College of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianye Li
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310000, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengke Niu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Mei
- Cancer Center, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Science, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Zhao
- Department of Breast Surgery, College of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Chu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhijun Dai
- Department of Breast Surgery, College of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kongming Wu
- Cancer Center, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Science, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China.
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36
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Schleh MW, Caslin HL, Garcia JN, Mashayekhi M, Srivastava G, Bradley AB, Hasty AH. Metaflammation in obesity and its therapeutic targeting. Sci Transl Med 2023; 15:eadf9382. [PMID: 37992150 PMCID: PMC10847980 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adf9382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Obesity-associated inflammation is a systemic process that affects all metabolic organs. Prominent among these is adipose tissue, where cells of the innate and adaptive immune system are markedly changed in obesity, implicating these cells in a range of processes linking immune memory to metabolic regulation. Furthermore, weight loss and weight cycling have unexpected effects on adipose tissue immune populations. Here, we review the current literature on the roles of various immune cells in lean and obese adipose tissue. Within this context, we discuss pharmacological and nonpharmacological approaches to obesity treatment and their impact on systemic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael W. Schleh
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Heather L. Caslin
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Jamie N. Garcia
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Mona Mashayekhi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Gitanjali Srivastava
- Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt Weight Loss Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37204 USA
| | - Anna B. Bradley
- Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt Weight Loss Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37204 USA
- VA Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN 37212, USA
| | - Alyssa H. Hasty
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- VA Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN 37212, USA
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37
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López DA, Griffin A, Aguilar LM, Rice CD, Myers EJ, Warren KJ, Welner R, Beaudin AE. Prenatal inflammation reprograms hyperactive ILC2s that promote allergic lung inflammation and airway dysfunction. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.11.20.567899. [PMID: 38045298 PMCID: PMC10690173 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.20.567899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Allergic asthma is a chronic respiratory disease that initiates in early life, but causal mechanisms are poorly understood. Here we examined how prenatal inflammation shapes allergic asthma susceptibility by reprogramming lung immunity from early development. Induction of Type I interferon-mediated inflammation during development provoked expansion and hyperactivation of group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) seeding the developing lung. Hyperactivated ILC2s produced increased IL-5 and IL-13, and were associated with acute Th2 bias, eosinophilia, and decreased Tregs in the lung. The hyperactive ILC2 phenotype was recapitulated by adoptive transfer of a fetal liver precursor following exposure to prenatal inflammation, indicative of developmental programming. Programming of ILC2 function and subsequent lung immune remodeling by prenatal inflammation led to airway dysfunction at baseline and in response to papain, indicating increased asthma susceptibility. Our data provide a link by which developmental programming of progenitors by early-life inflammation drives lung immune remodeling and asthma susceptibility through hyperactivation of lung-resident ILC2s. One Sentence Summary Prenatal inflammation programs asthma susceptibility by inducing the production of hyperactivated ILC2s in the developing lung.
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38
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Lee IS, Van Dyken SJ. Both Horatio and Polonius: Innate Lymphoid Cells in Tissue Homeostasis and Repair. Immunohorizons 2023; 7:729-736. [PMID: 37916861 PMCID: PMC10695417 DOI: 10.4049/immunohorizons.2300053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) have emerged as critical tissue-resident lymphocytes that coordinate responses to environmental stress and injury. Traditionally, their function was thought to mirror adaptive lymphocytes that respond to specific pathogens. However, recent work has uncovered a more central role for ILCs in maintaining homeostasis even in the absence of infection. ILCs are now better conceptualized as an environmental rheostat that helps maintain the local tissue setpoint during environmental challenge by integrating sensory stimuli to direct homeostatic barrier and repair programs. In this article, we trace the developmental origins of ILCs, relate how ILCs sense danger signals, and describe their subsequent engagement of appropriate repair responses using a general paradigm of ILCs functioning as central controllers in tissue circuits. We propose that these interactions form the basis for how ILC subsets maintain organ function and organismal homeostasis, with important implications for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Intelly S. Lee
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Steven J. Van Dyken
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
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39
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Jafari MM, Azimzadeh Tabrizi Z, Dayer MS, Kazemi-Sefat NA, Mohtashamifard M, Mohseni R, Bagheri A, Bahadory S, Karimipour-Saryazdi A, Ghaffarifar F. Immune system roles in pathogenesis, prognosis, control, and treatment of Toxoplasma gondii infection. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 124:110872. [PMID: 37660595 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii is the protozoan causative agent of toxoplasmosis in humans and warm-blooded animals. Recent studies have illustrated that the immune system plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of toxoplasmosis by triggering immune cytokines like IL-12, TNF-α, and IFN-γ and immune cells like DCs, Th1, and Th17. On the other hand, some immune components can serve as prognosis markers of toxoplasmosis. In healthy people, the disease is often asymptomatic, but immunocompromised people and newborns may suffer severe symptoms and complications. Therefore, the immune prognostic markers may provide tools to measure the disease progress and help patients to avoid further complications. Immunotherapies using monoclonal antibody, cytokines, immune cells, exosomes, novel vaccines, and anti-inflammatory molecules open new horizon for toxoplasmosis treatment. In this review article, we discussed the immunopathogenesis, prognosis, and immunotherapy of Toxoplasma gondii infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mahdi Jafari
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Azimzadeh Tabrizi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Saaid Dayer
- Department of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mahshid Mohtashamifard
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rahimeh Mohseni
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atefeh Bagheri
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Bahadory
- Department of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Karimipour-Saryazdi
- Department of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ghaffarifar
- Department of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
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40
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Santosa EK, Sun JC. Cardinal features of immune memory in innate lymphocytes. Nat Immunol 2023; 24:1803-1812. [PMID: 37828377 PMCID: PMC10998651 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-023-01607-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
The ability of vertebrates to 'remember' previous infections had once been attributed exclusively to adaptive immunity. We now appreciate that innate lymphocytes also possess memory properties akin to those of adaptive immune cells. In this Review, we draw parallels from T cell biology to explore the key features of immune memory in innate lymphocytes, including quantity, quality, and location. We discuss the signals that trigger clonal or clonal-like expansion in innate lymphocytes, and highlight recent studies that shed light on the complex cellular and molecular crosstalk between metabolism, epigenetics, and transcription responsible for differentiating innate lymphocyte responses towards a memory fate. Additionally, we explore emerging evidence that activated innate lymphocytes relocate and establish themselves in specific peripheral tissues during infection, which may facilitate an accelerated response program akin to those of tissue-resident memory T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Endi K Santosa
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joseph C Sun
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA.
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41
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Wu D, Li Z, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Ren G, Zeng Y, Liu H, Guan W, Zhao X, Li P, Hu L, Hou Z, Gong J, Li J, Jin W, Hu Z, Jiang C, Li H, Zhong C. Proline uptake promotes activation of lymphoid tissue inducer cells to maintain gut homeostasis. Nat Metab 2023; 5:1953-1968. [PMID: 37857730 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-023-00908-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic regulation is integral to the proper functioning of innate lymphoid cells, yet the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we show that disruption of exogenous proline uptake, either through dietary restriction or by deficiency of the proline transporter Slc6a7, in lymphoid tissue inducer (LTi) cells, impairs LTi activation and aggravates dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis in mice. With an integrative transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis, we profile the metabolic characteristics of various innate lymphoid cell subsets and reveal a notable enrichment of proline metabolism in LTi cells. Mechanistically, defective proline uptake diminishes the generation of reactive oxygen species, previously known to facilitate LTi activation. Additionally, LTi cells deficient in Slc6a7 display downregulation of Cebpb and Kdm6b, resulting in compromised transcriptional and epigenetic regulation of interleukin-22. Furthermore, our study uncovers the therapeutic potential of proline supplementation in alleviating colitis. Therefore, these findings shed light on the role of proline in facilitating LTi activation and ultimately contributing to gut homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wu
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Immunology, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Zongxian Li
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Immunology, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yime Zhang
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Immunology, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yinlian Zhang
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Immunology, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Guanqun Ren
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Immunology, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yanyu Zeng
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Immunology, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Huiying Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Weiqiang Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Chemical Biology Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Xingyu Zhao
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Immunology, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Li
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Immunology, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Luni Hu
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Immunology, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyuan Hou
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jingjing Gong
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wenfei Jin
- Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zeping Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Changtao Jiang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Houhua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Chemical Biology Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Zhong
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Immunology, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.
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Emami Fard N, Xiao M, Sehmi R. Regulatory ILC2-Role of IL-10 Producing ILC2 in Asthma. Cells 2023; 12:2556. [PMID: 37947634 PMCID: PMC10650705 DOI: 10.3390/cells12212556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past two decades, a growing body of evidence observations have shown group two innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) to be critical drivers of Type 2 (T2) inflammatory responses associated with allergic inflammatory conditions such as asthma. ILC2 releases copious amounts of pro-inflammatory T2 cytokines-interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-9, and IL-13. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the newly discovered regulatory subtype of ILC2 described in murine and human mucosal tissue and blood. These KLRG1+ILC2 have the capacity to produce the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. Papers compiled in this review were based on queries of PubMed and Google Scholar for articles published from 2000 to 2023 using keywords "IL-10" and "ILC2". Studies with topical relevance to IL-10 production by ILC2 were included. ILC2 responds to microenvironmental cues, including retinoic acid (RA), IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, and IL-33, as well as neuropeptide mediators such as neuromedin-U (NMU), prompting a shift towards IL-10 and away from T2 cytokine production. In contrast, TGF-β attenuates IL-10 production by ILC2. Immune regulation provided by IL-10+ILC2s holds potential significance for the management of T2 inflammatory conditions. The observation of context-specific cues that alter the phenotype of ILC warrants examining characteristics of ILC subsets to determine the extent of plasticity or whether the current classification of ILCs requires refinement.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Roma Sehmi
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada; (N.E.F.)
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Xu S, Zhang Y, Liu X, Liu H, Zou X, Zhang L, Wang J, Zhang Z, Xu X, Li M, Li K, Shi S, Zhang Y, Miao Z, Zha J, Yu Y. Nr4a1 marks a distinctive ILC2 activation subset in the mouse inflammatory lung. BMC Biol 2023; 21:218. [PMID: 37833706 PMCID: PMC10576290 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-023-01690-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) are critical sources of type 2 cytokines and represent one of the major tissue-resident lymphoid cells in the mouse lung. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying ILC2 activation under challenges are not fully understood. RESULTS Here, using single-cell transcriptomics, genetic reporters, and gene knockouts, we identify four ILC2 subsets, including two non-activation subsets and two activation subsets, in the mouse acute inflammatory lung. Of note, a distinct activation subset, marked by the transcription factor Nr4a1, paradoxically expresses both tissue-resident memory T cell (Trm), and effector/central memory T cell (Tem/Tcm) signature genes, as well as higher scores of proliferation, activation, and wound healing, all driven by its particular regulons. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the Nr4a1+ILC2s are restrained from activating by the programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1), which negatively modulates their activation-related regulons. PD-1 deficiency places the non-activation ILC2s in a state that is prone to activation, resulting in Nr4a1+ILC2 differentiation through different activation trajectories. Loss of PD-1 also leads to the expansion of Nr4a1+ILC2s by the increase of their proliferation ability. CONCLUSIONS The findings show that activated ILC2s are a heterogenous population encompassing distinct subsets that have different propensities, and therefore provide an opportunity to explore PD-1's role in modulating the activity of ILC2s for disease prevention and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Xu
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xingjie Liu
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Huisheng Liu
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xinya Zou
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Linlin Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Zhiwei Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xiang Xu
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Mingxia Li
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Kairui Li
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Shuyue Shi
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Zhichao Miao
- Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain-Like Intelligence and Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200081, China
- GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences, The Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory for Cell Fate Regulation and Diseases, Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Zha
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University and Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
- Key Laboratory of Xiamen for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hematological Malignancy, Xiamen, China.
| | - Yong Yu
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1HH, UK.
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Audouze-Chaud J, Mathews JA, Crome SQ. Efficient and stable CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome-editing of human type 2 innate lymphoid cells. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1275413. [PMID: 37868976 PMCID: PMC10585162 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1275413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are a family of innate lymphocytes with important roles in immune response coordination and maintenance of tissue homeostasis. The ILC family includes group 1 (ILC1s), group 2 (ILC2s) and group 3 (ILC3s) 'helper' ILCs, as well as cytotoxic Natural Killer (NK) cells. Study of helper ILCs in humans presents several challenges, including their low proportions in peripheral blood or needing access to rare samples to study tissue resident ILC populations. In addition, the lack of established protocols harnessing genetic manipulation platforms has limited the ability to explore molecular mechanism regulating human helper ILC biology. CRISPR/Cas9 is an efficient genome editing tool that enables the knockout of genes of interest, and is commonly used to study molecular regulation of many immune cell types. Here, we developed methods to efficiently knockout genes of interest in human ILC2s. We discuss challenges and lessons learned from our CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing optimizations using a nucleofection transfection approach and test a range of conditions and nucleofection settings to obtain a protocol that achieves effective and stable gene knockout while maintaining optimal cell viability. Using IL-4 as a representative target, we compare different ribonucleoprotein configurations, as well as assess effects of length of time in culture and other parameters that impact CRISPR/Cas9 transfection efficiency. Collectively, we detail a CRISPR/Cas9 protocol for efficient genetic knockout to aid in studying molecular mechanism regulating human ILC2s.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanne Audouze-Chaud
- Department of Immunology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Ajmera Transplant Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jessica A. Mathews
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Ajmera Transplant Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sarah Q. Crome
- Department of Immunology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Ajmera Transplant Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Scarno G, Mazej J, Laffranchi M, Di Censo C, Mattiola I, Candelotti AM, Pietropaolo G, Stabile H, Fionda C, Peruzzi G, Brooks SR, Tsai WL, Mikami Y, Bernardini G, Gismondi A, Sozzani S, Di Santo JP, Vosshenrich CAJ, Diefenbach A, Gadina M, Santoni A, Sciumè G. Divergent roles for STAT4 in shaping differentiation of cytotoxic ILC1 and NK cells during gut inflammation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2306761120. [PMID: 37756335 PMCID: PMC10556635 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2306761120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells and type 1 innate lymphoid cells (ILC1) require signal transducer and activator of transcription 4 (STAT4) to elicit rapid effector responses and protect against pathogens. By combining genetic and transcriptomic approaches, we uncovered divergent roles for STAT4 in regulating effector differentiation of these functionally related cell types. Stat4 deletion in Ncr1-expressing cells led to impaired NK cell terminal differentiation as well as to an unexpected increased generation of cytotoxic ILC1 during intestinal inflammation. Mechanistically, Stat4-deficient ILC1 exhibited upregulation of gene modules regulated by STAT5 in vivo and an aberrant effector differentiation upon in vitro stimulation with IL-2, used as a prototypical STAT5 activator. Moreover, STAT4 expression in NCR+ innate lymphocytes restrained gut inflammation in the dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis model limiting pathogenic production of IL-13 from adaptive CD4+ T cells in the large intestine. Collectively, our data shed light on shared and distinctive mechanisms of STAT4-regulated transcriptional control in NK cells and ILC1 required for intestinal inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Scarno
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome00161, Italy
- Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia–Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome00161, Italy
| | - Julija Mazej
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome00161, Italy
- Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia–Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome00161, Italy
| | - Mattia Laffranchi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome00161, Italy
- Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia–Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome00161, Italy
| | - Chiara Di Censo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome00161, Italy
- Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia–Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome00161, Italy
| | - Irene Mattiola
- Laboratory of Innate Immunity, Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt–Universität zu Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin12203, Germany
- Mucosal and Developmental Immunology, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, an Institute of the Leibniz Association, Berlin10117, Germany
| | - Arianna M. Candelotti
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome00161, Italy
- Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia–Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome00161, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Pietropaolo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome00161, Italy
- Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia–Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome00161, Italy
| | - Helena Stabile
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome00161, Italy
- Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia–Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome00161, Italy
| | - Cinzia Fionda
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome00161, Italy
- Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia–Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome00161, Italy
| | - Giovanna Peruzzi
- Center for Life Nano- & Neuro-Science, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Rome00161, Italy
| | - Stephen R. Brooks
- Biodata Mining and Discovery Section, Office of Science and Technology, National Institute of Arthritis, Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - Wanxia Li Tsai
- Translational Immunology Section, Office of Science and Technology, National Institute of Arthritis, Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - Yohei Mikami
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo1608582, Japan
| | - Giovanni Bernardini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome00161, Italy
- Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia–Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome00161, Italy
| | - Angela Gismondi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome00161, Italy
- Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia–Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome00161, Italy
| | - Silvano Sozzani
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome00161, Italy
- Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia–Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome00161, Italy
- Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Neuromed, Isernia86077, Italy
| | - James P. Di Santo
- Innate Immunity Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1223, Paris75724, France
| | | | - Andreas Diefenbach
- Laboratory of Innate Immunity, Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt–Universität zu Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin12203, Germany
- Mucosal and Developmental Immunology, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, an Institute of the Leibniz Association, Berlin10117, Germany
| | - Massimo Gadina
- Translational Immunology Section, Office of Science and Technology, National Institute of Arthritis, Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - Angela Santoni
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome00161, Italy
- Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia–Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome00161, Italy
- Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Neuromed, Isernia86077, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Sciumè
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome00161, Italy
- Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia–Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome00161, Italy
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Moreno-Vicente J, Halim TY. Role of innate lymphoid cells in cancer metastasis. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2023; 163:106465. [PMID: 37666359 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2023.106465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Metastatic spread of cancer accounts for most cancer-related deaths. Cancer seeding in secondary organs requires reprogramming of the local stromal and immune landscape, which ultimately supports tumour growth. Yet, the cellular and molecular mechanisms that promote this tumour-permissive environment remain largely unknown. Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) have recently been shown to modulate the immune response to cancer in multiple ways. Given their tissue-resident nature, ILCs are well placed to respond to local cues within the early or pre-metastatic niche, and to orchestrate the recruitment of additional immune cells that could either support or dampen metastatic growth. Here, we review the emerging body of evidence supporting a role for ILCs in the establishment and progression of metastasis, whilst discussing the pleiotropic effects that have been attributed to different ILC subsets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Timotheus Yf Halim
- University of Cambridge, CRUK Cambridge Institute, Cambridge CB2 0RE, UK.
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47
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Liang B, Xing D. Unveiling the mystery of ILC3s: Their functions and interactions in mucosal immunity. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 123:110772. [PMID: 37552906 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are a recently discovered subset of immune cells that play a crucial role in preserving tissue health and combating infections. Among these, ILC3s are particularly vital in regulating mucosal immunity across multiple organs such as the gut, lungs, and skin. The purpose of this article is to present a comprehensive and detailed overview of current knowledge on ILC3s, with a specific emphasis on their intricate interactions with various components of the intestinal microenvironment. Recent research on the complex, bidirectional communication pathways between ILC3s and intestinal epithelial cells, stromal cells, immune cells, microbiota, their metabolites, and diet are highlighted. Furthermore, this review comprehensively examines the diverse functions of ILC3s, which include lymphoid tissue development, tissue repair, infection, inflammation, and metabolic diseases, as well as the effector molecules that facilitate these functions. Overall, this review provides valuable insights into the biological and functional aspects of ILC3s and underscores their potential for developing innovative therapies for immune-mediated disorders, while also acknowledging the remaining knowledge gaps and challenges that need to be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Liang
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China; Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Dongming Xing
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China; Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China; School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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48
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Tsymala
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Max Perutz Labs Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Campus Vienna Biocenter, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karl Kuchler
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Max Perutz Labs Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, Campus Vienna Biocenter, Vienna, Austria
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49
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Abe S, Asahi T, Hara T, Cui G, Shimba A, Tani-Ichi S, Yamada K, Miyazaki K, Miyachi H, Kitano S, Nakamura N, Kikuta J, Vandenbon A, Miyazaki M, Yamada R, Ohteki T, Ishii M, Sexl V, Nagasawa T, Ikuta K. Hematopoietic cell-derived IL-15 supports NK cell development in scattered and clustered localization within the bone marrow. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113127. [PMID: 37729919 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are innate immune cells critical for protective immune responses against infection and cancer. Although NK cells differentiate in the bone marrow (BM) in an interleukin-15 (IL-15)-dependent manner, the cellular source of IL-15 remains elusive. Using NK cell reporter mice, we show that NK cells are localized in the BM in scattered and clustered manners. NK cell clusters overlap with monocyte and dendritic cell accumulations, whereas scattered NK cells require CXCR4 signaling. Using cell-specific IL-15-deficient mice, we show that hematopoietic cells, but not stromal cells, support NK cell development in the BM through IL-15. In particular, IL-15 produced by monocytes and dendritic cells appears to contribute to NK cell development. These results demonstrate that hematopoietic cells are the IL-15 niche for NK cell development in the BM and that BM NK cells are present in scattered and clustered compartments by different mechanisms, suggesting their distinct functions in the immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Abe
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan; Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Takuma Asahi
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan; Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Takahiro Hara
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Guangwei Cui
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Akihiro Shimba
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan; Department of Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Shizue Tani-Ichi
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan; Department of Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Kohei Yamada
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan; Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Kazuko Miyazaki
- Laboratory of Immunology, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Miyachi
- Reproductive Engineering Team, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Satsuki Kitano
- Reproductive Engineering Team, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Naotoshi Nakamura
- Interdisciplinary Biology Laboratory (iBLab), Division of Natural Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Junichi Kikuta
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Frontier Biosciences, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Alexis Vandenbon
- Laboratory of Tissue Homeostasis, Department of Biosystems Science, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Masaki Miyazaki
- Laboratory of Immunology, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Ryo Yamada
- Statistical Genetics, Center for Genomic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Ohteki
- Department of Biodefense Research, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Masaru Ishii
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Frontier Biosciences, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Veronika Sexl
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department for Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - Takashi Nagasawa
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Developmental Immunology, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences and Graduate School of Medicine, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Koichi Ikuta
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Virus Research, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
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Lujan RA, Pei L, Shannon JP, Dábilla N, Dolan PT, Hickman HD. Widespread and dynamic expression of granzyme C by skin-resident antiviral T cells. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1236595. [PMID: 37809077 PMCID: PMC10552530 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1236595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
After recognition of cognate antigen (Ag), effector CD8+ T cells secrete serine proteases called granzymes in conjunction with perforin, allowing granzymes to enter and kill target cells. While the roles for some granzymes during antiviral immune responses are well characterized, the function of others, such as granzyme C and its human ortholog granzyme H, is still unclear. Granzyme C is constitutively expressed by mature, cytolytic innate lymphoid 1 cells (ILC1s). Whether other antiviral effector cells also produce granzyme C and whether it is continually expressed or responsive to the environment is unknown. To explore this, we analyzed granzyme C expression in different murine skin-resident antiviral lymphocytes. At steady-state, dendritic epidermal T cells (DETCs) expressed granzyme C while dermal γδ T cells did not. CD8+ tissue-resident memory T cells (TRM) generated in response to cutaneous viral infection with the poxvirus vaccinia virus (VACV) also expressed granzyme C. Both DETCs and virus-specific CD8+ TRM upregulated granzyme C upon local VACV infection. Continual Ag exposure was not required for maintained TRM expression of granzyme C, although re-encounter with cognate Ag boosted expression. Additionally, IL-15 treatment increased granzyme C expression in both DETCs and TRM. Together, our data demonstrate that granzyme C is widely expressed by antiviral T cells in the skin and that expression is responsive to both environmental stimuli and TCR engagement. These data suggest that granzyme C may have functions other than killing in tissue-resident lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramon A. Lujan
- Viral Immunity and Pathogenesis Unit, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
- School of Nursing, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Luxin Pei
- Viral Immunity and Pathogenesis Unit, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - John P. Shannon
- Viral Immunity and Pathogenesis Unit, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Nathânia Dábilla
- Quantitative Virology and Evolution Unit, Laboratory of Viral Diseases, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Patrick T. Dolan
- Quantitative Virology and Evolution Unit, Laboratory of Viral Diseases, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Heather D. Hickman
- Viral Immunity and Pathogenesis Unit, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
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