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Eggert A, Laasanen S, Nurmio M, Wahlgren A, Jahnukainen K, Eerola K, Nieminen M, Olotu O, Kotaja N, Mäkelä JA, Toppari J. Imatinib decreases germ cell survival and germline stem cell proliferation in rodent testis ex vivo and in vitro. Andrology 2024. [PMID: 39422608 DOI: 10.1111/andr.13777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 08/23/2024] [Accepted: 09/20/2024] [Indexed: 10/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Imatinib and dasatinib are tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) increasingly used to treat several diseases in both children and adults at fertile age. We have previously shown that imatinib has adverse effects on developing testis, and imatinib-treated male patients have been reported to have reduced sperm counts. However, the cellular level effects of imatinib and dasatinib on adult male germ cells and germline stem cells (mGSCs) have not been thoroughly investigated. OBJECTIVES To analyze whether imatinib or dasatinib exposure ex vivo and in vitro is harmful to adult male rodent germ cells and mGSCs. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seminiferous tubule segments of adult male mouse or rat were cultured in the presence or the absence of imatinib or dasatinib. Stage-specific effects were monitored by 3H-thymidine incorporation assay (DNA synthesis), immunohistochemistry (cleaved Caspase-3; apoptosis), immunofluorescence (KI67, GFRα1, STRA8, c-KIT, LIN28A; proliferation and spermatogonial differentiation) and flow cytometry (Hoechst). Mouse mGSCs were exposed to imatinib and dasatinib to study proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation. RESULTS Imatinib decreased stage-specific DNA synthesis, and induced apoptosis in cultured rat seminiferous tubule segments. Imatinib also had an adverse effect on mGSC proliferation both in vitro and ex vivo, but did not induce cell death in cultured mGSCs. Imatinib did not impinge on induction of spermatogonial differentiation but suppressed c-KIT expression in nascent differentiating spermatogonia, providing a plausible mechanism for its pro-apoptotic function in spermatogenic cells. Clinically relevant doses of dasatinib did not induce apoptosis in seminiferous tubules but decreased mGSC colony growth in vitro. CONCLUSIONS Imatinib exposure ex vivo and in vitro impinges on male rodent germ cell proliferation and survival. The plausible mechanism in spermatogenic cells is the inhibition of SCF/c-KIT signaling, and reduced expression of c-KIT. Dasatinib did not show significant adverse effects with clinical doses ex vivo but inhibited mGSC colony growth in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Eggert
- Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Tyks Acute, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Sini Laasanen
- Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Mirja Nurmio
- Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Aida Wahlgren
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Solna, Sweden
| | - Kirsi Jahnukainen
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Solna, Sweden
- Division of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, New Children's Hospital, Pediatric Research Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kim Eerola
- Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Genomics, Turku University Hospital Laboratories, Turku, Finland
| | - Miisael Nieminen
- Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Opeyemi Olotu
- Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Noora Kotaja
- Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Juho-Antti Mäkelä
- Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Jorma Toppari
- Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Pediatrics, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- InFLAMES Flagship Research Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
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Ray S, Palui R. Immunotherapy in type 1 diabetes: Novel pathway to the future ahead. World J Diabetes 2024; 15:2022-2035. [DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v15.i10.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Since the discovery of insulin over 100 years ago, the focus of research in the management of type 1 diabetes (T1D) has centered around glycemic control and management of complications rather than the prevention of autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β cells. Fortunately, in recent years, there has been significant advancement in immune-targeted pharmacotherapy to halt the natural progression of T1D. The immune-targeted intervention aims to alter the underlying pathogenesis of T1D by targeting different aspects of the immune system. The immunotherapy can either antagonize the immune mediators like T cells, B cells or cytokines (antibody-based therapy), or reinduce self-tolerance to pancreatic β cells (antigen-based therapy) or stem-cell treatment. Recently, the US Food and Drug Administration approved the first immunotherapy teplizumab to be used only in stage 2 of T1D. However, the window of opportunity to practically implement this approved molecule in the selected target population is limited. In this Editorial, we briefly discuss the various promising recent developments in the field of immunotherapy research in T1D. However, further studies of these newer therapeutic agents are needed to explore their true potential for prevention or cure of T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayantan Ray
- Department of Endocrinology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar 751019, India
| | - Rajan Palui
- Department of Endocrinology, The Mission Hospital, Durgapur 713212, India
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Iwamoto Y, Kimura T, Iwamoto H, Sanada J, Fushimi Y, Katakura Y, Shimoda M, Kondo T, Nakanishi S, Mune T, Kaku K, Wada H, Kaneto H. Nilotinib-induced Diabetes in Japanese Patients with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia. Intern Med 2024:3740-24. [PMID: 39198174 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.3740-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to examine the risk of diabetes mellitus induced by nilotinib, a second-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Methods This retrospective study included 25 patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) treated with nilotinib at our hospital. Four patients had diabetes mellitus at the start of nilotinib administration (prior DM group), and five patients were newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus after the start of nilotinib administration (new DM group). Sixteen patients who were not diagnosed with diabetes mellitus were classified into the non-DM group. Changes in the blood glucose and HbA1c levels were evaluated in each group at the time of nilotinib administration and two years later. Results Molecular genetic remission of CML was achieved in 81.8% of patients with diabetes and 72.2% of patients without non-DM group. There were no cases in this study in which nilotinib was changed or discontinued owing to hyperglycemia. There was no difference in the blood glucose levels at the start of nilotinib treatment among the groups. Two years after starting nilotinib, the blood glucose levels in the new DM group (232 (186-296) mg/dL) and prior DM group (168 (123-269) mg/dL) were significantly higher than those in the non-DM group (100 (91-115) mg/dL). ΔHbA1c levels in the new DM group (1.3 (0.9-2.2) %) and prior DM group (1.6 (0.7-1.7) %) were significantly higher than those in the non-DM group (-0.2 (-0.3-0.1) %). Conclusion Nilotinib caused diabetes in 23.8% of the participants, but there were no hyperglycemia-related severe adverse events. Therefore, nilotinib may be safely continued with regular monitoring for the development of diabetes after nilotinib administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichiro Iwamoto
- Department of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Kawasaki Medical School, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Kimura
- Department of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Kawasaki Medical School, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Iwamoto
- Department of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Kawasaki Medical School, Japan
| | - Junpei Sanada
- Department of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Kawasaki Medical School, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Fushimi
- Department of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Kawasaki Medical School, Japan
| | - Yukino Katakura
- Department of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Kawasaki Medical School, Japan
| | - Masashi Shimoda
- Department of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Kawasaki Medical School, Japan
| | | | - Shuhei Nakanishi
- Department of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Kawasaki Medical School, Japan
| | - Tomoatsu Mune
- Department of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Kawasaki Medical School, Japan
| | - Kohei Kaku
- Department of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Kawasaki Medical School, Japan
| | - Hideho Wada
- Department of Hematology, Kawasaki Medical School, Japan
| | - Hideaki Kaneto
- Department of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Kawasaki Medical School, Japan
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Mbara KC, Fotsing MC, Ndinteh DT, Mbeb CN, Nwagwu CS, Khan R, Mokhetho KC, Baijnath H, Nlooto M, Mokhele S, Leonard CM, Tembu VJ, Tarirai C. Endoplasmic reticulum stress in pancreatic β-cell dysfunction: The potential therapeutic role of dietary flavonoids. CURRENT RESEARCH IN PHARMACOLOGY AND DRUG DISCOVERY 2024; 6:100184. [PMID: 38846008 PMCID: PMC11153890 DOI: 10.1016/j.crphar.2024.100184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a global health burden that is characterized by the loss or dysfunction of pancreatic β-cells. In pancreatic β-cells, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is a fact of life that contributes to β-cell loss or dysfunction. Despite recent advances in research, the existing treatment approaches such as lifestyle modification and use of conventional therapeutics could not prevent the loss or dysfunction of pancreatic β-cells to abrogate the disease progression. Therefore, targeting ER stress and the consequent unfolded protein response (UPR) in pancreatic β-cells may be a potential therapeutic strategy for diabetes treatment. Dietary phytochemicals have therapeutic applications in human health owing to their broad spectrum of biochemical and pharmacological activities. Flavonoids, which are commonly obtained from fruits and vegetables worldwide, have shown promising prospects in alleviating ER stress. Dietary flavonoids including quercetin, kaempferol, myricetin, isorhamnetin, fisetin, icariin, apigenin, apigetrin, vitexin, baicalein, baicalin, nobiletin hesperidin, naringenin, epigallocatechin 3-O-gallate hesperidin (EGCG), tectorigenin, liquiritigenin, and acacetin have shown inhibitory effects on ER stress in pancreatic β-cells. Dietary flavonoids modulate ER stress signaling components, chaperone proteins, transcription factors, oxidative stress, autophagy, apoptosis, and inflammatory responses to exert their pharmacological effects on pancreatic β-cells ER stress. This review focuses on the role of dietary flavonoids as potential therapeutic adjuvants in preserving pancreatic β-cells from ER stress. Highlights of the underlying mechanisms of action are also presented as well as possible strategies for clinical translation in the management of DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kingsley C. Mbara
- Nanomedicines Manufacturing, Biopharmaceutics and Diagnostics Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa
| | - Marthe C.D. Fotsing
- Drug Discovery and Smart Molecules Research Laboratory, Centre for Natural Products Research (CNPR), Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, Johannesburg, 2028, South Africa
| | - Derek T. Ndinteh
- Drug Discovery and Smart Molecules Research Laboratory, Centre for Natural Products Research (CNPR), Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, Johannesburg, 2028, South Africa
| | - Claudine N. Mbeb
- Nanomedicines Manufacturing, Biopharmaceutics and Diagnostics Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa
| | - Chinekwu S. Nwagwu
- Drug Delivery and Nanomedicines Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - Rene Khan
- Discipline of Medical Biochemistry, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Kopang C. Mokhetho
- Nanomedicines Manufacturing, Biopharmaceutics and Diagnostics Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa
| | - Himansu Baijnath
- Ward Herbarium, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4000, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
| | - Manimbulu Nlooto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Healthcare Sciences, University of Limpopo, South Africa
| | - Shoeshoe Mokhele
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria, 0208, South Africa
| | - Carmen M. Leonard
- Nanomedicines Manufacturing, Biopharmaceutics and Diagnostics Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa
| | - Vuyelwa J. Tembu
- Natural Products Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa
| | - Clemence Tarirai
- Nanomedicines Manufacturing, Biopharmaceutics and Diagnostics Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa
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Lavelle K, Chamberlain C, German M, Anderson M, Nip A, Gitelman SE. The Role of Imatinib in Pediatric Type 1 Diabetes. JCEM CASE REPORTS 2024; 2:luae065. [PMID: 38707652 PMCID: PMC11066799 DOI: 10.1210/jcemcr/luae065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
We report the first case of imatinib use in an adolescent with diabetes and suggest that it impacts the natural course of disease. A 14-year-old male patient presented in diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and was diagnosed with presumed autoantibody-negative type 1 diabetes (T1D) as well as myeloid neoplasm with platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta (PDGFRB) rearrangement. After starting exogenous insulin and imatinib, he experienced a 1.7-point reduction in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and a 71% reduction in insulin requirement with sustained partial diabetes remission. Our case suggests imatinib as a potential therapeutic agent for pediatric T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen Lavelle
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Chester Chamberlain
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Michael German
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Mark Anderson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Angel Nip
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Stephen E Gitelman
- Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
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Mugiya T, Mothibe M, Khathi A, Ngubane P, Sibiya N. Glycaemic abnormalities induced by small molecule tryosine kinase inhibitors: a review. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1355171. [PMID: 38362147 PMCID: PMC10867135 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1355171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
In light of the expected increase in the prevalence of diabetes mellitus due to an aging population, sedentary lifestyles, an increase in obesity, and unhealthy diets, there is a need to identify potential pharmacological agents that can heighten the risk of developing diabetes. Similarly, it is equally important to also identify those agents that show blood glucose-lowering properties. Amongst these agents are tyrosine kinase inhibitors used to treat certain types of cancers. Over the last two decades, there has been an increase in the use of targeted chemotherapy for cancers such as renal cell carcinoma, chronic leukaemia, and gastrointestinal stromal tumours. Small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors have been at the forefront of targeted chemotherapy. Studies have shown that small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors can alter glycaemic control and glucose metabolism, with some demonstrating hypoglycaemic activities whilst others showing hyperglycaemic properties. The mechanism by which small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors cause glycaemic dysregulation is not well understood, therefore, the clinical significance of these chemotherapeutic agents on glucose handling is also poorly documented. In this review, the effort is directed at mapping mechanistic insights into the effect of various small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors on glycaemic dysregulation envisaged to provide a deeper understanding of these chemotherapeutic agents on glucose metabolism. Small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors may elicit these observed glycaemic effects through preservation of β-cell function, improving insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion. These compounds bind to a spectrum of receptors and proteins implicated in glucose regulation for example, non-receptor tyrosine kinase SRC and ABL. Then receptor tyrosine kinase EGFR, PDGFR, and FGFR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takudzwa Mugiya
- Pharmacology Division, Faculty of Pharmacy, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa
| | - Mamosheledi Mothibe
- Pharmacology Division, Faculty of Pharmacy, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa
| | - Andile Khathi
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Phikelelani Ngubane
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Ntethelelo Sibiya
- Pharmacology Division, Faculty of Pharmacy, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa
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Aghel N, Gustafson D, Delgado D, Atenafu EG, Fish JE, Lipton JH. High sensitivity c-reactive protein and circulating biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia receiving tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Leuk Lymphoma 2023; 64:2008-2017. [PMID: 37554059 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2023.2242990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have revolutionized the management of patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML); however, they may cause cardiovascular (CV) toxicities. In this cross-sectional study, we explored whether high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and novel markers of vascular dysfunction were associated with exposure to specific TKIs, in 262 CML patients. Hs-CRP level was not associated with CML disease activity or treatment with a specific TKI. Body mass index (OR: 1.15, 95% CI: 1.108-1.246; p < 0.001) and CML duration (OR: 1.004, 95% CI: 1.001-1.008; p = 0.024) were independently associated with higher hs-CRP. In exploratory analyses, novel endothelial-centric markers (e.g. ET-1 and VCAM-1) were differential across the various TKIs, particularly amongst nilotinib- and ponatinib-treated patients. While Levels of hs-CRP do not appear to be correlated with specific TKIs, circulating markers of vascular dysfunction were altered in patients treated with specific TKIs and should be explored as potential markers of TKI-associated CV risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazanin Aghel
- Division of Cardiology, Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, Toronto General Hospital, Ted Rogers Program in Cardiotoxicity Prevention University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
- Division of Cardiology, Cardio-Oncology Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Dakota Gustafson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Diego Delgado
- Division of Cardiology, Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, Toronto General Hospital, Ted Rogers Program in Cardiotoxicity Prevention University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Eshetu G Atenafu
- Department of Biostatistics, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jason E Fish
- Division of Cardiology, Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, Toronto General Hospital, Ted Rogers Program in Cardiotoxicity Prevention University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jeffrey H Lipton
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Vived C, Lee-Papastavros A, Aparecida da Silva Pereira J, Yi P, MacDonald TL. β Cell Stress and Endocrine Function During T1D: What Is Next to Discover? Endocrinology 2023; 165:bqad162. [PMID: 37947352 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqad162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Canonically, type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a disease characterized by autoreactive T cells as perpetrators of endocrine dysfunction and β cell death in the spiral toward loss of β cell mass, hyperglycemia, and insulin dependence. β Cells have mostly been considered as bystanders in a flurry of autoimmune processes. More recently, our framework for understanding and investigating T1D has evolved. It appears increasingly likely that intracellular β cell stress is an important component of T1D etiology/pathology that perpetuates autoimmunity during the progression to T1D. Here we discuss the emerging and complex role of β cell stress in initiating, provoking, and catalyzing T1D. We outline the bridges between hyperglycemia, endoplasmic reticulum stress, oxidative stress, and autoimmunity from the viewpoint of intrinsic β cell (dys)function, and we extend this discussion to the potential role for a therapeutic β cell stress-metabolism axis in T1D. Lastly, we mention research angles that may be pursued to improve β cell endocrine function during T1D. Biology gleaned from studying T1D will certainly overlap to innovate therapeutic strategies for T2D, and also enhance the pursuit of creating optimized stem cell-derived β cells as endocrine therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celia Vived
- Section for Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | - Jéssica Aparecida da Silva Pereira
- Section for Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Peng Yi
- Section for Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Diabetes Program, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Tara L MacDonald
- Section for Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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KISHI K, YONEZAWA T, KAJI N, GOTO M, NONOSHITA Y, IIO A, TSURU Y, HORI M. Toceranib phosphate (Palladia) reverses type 1 diabetes by preserving islet function in mice. J Vet Med Sci 2023; 85:781-789. [PMID: 37258127 PMCID: PMC10372262 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.23-0154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, strategies targeting β-cell protection via autoimmune regulation have been suggested as novel and potent immunotherapeutic interventions against type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D). Here, we investigated the potential of toceranib (TOC), a receptor-type tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor used in veterinary practice, to ameliorate T1D. TOC reversed streptozotocin-induced T1D and improved the abnormalities in muscle and bone metabolism characteristic of T1D. Histopathological examination revealed that TOC significantly suppressed β-cell depletion and improved glycemic control with restoration of serum insulin levels. However, the effect of TOC on blood glucose levels and insulin secretion capacity is attenuated in chronic T1D, a more β-cell depleted state. These findings suggest that TOC improves glycemic control by ameliorating the streptozotocin-induced decrease in insulin secretory capacity. Finally, we examined the role of platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) inhibition, a target of TOC, and found that inhibition of PDGFR reverses established T1D in mice. Our results show that TOC reverses T1D by preserving islet function via inhibition of RTK. The previously unrecognized pharmacological properties of TOC have been revealed, and these properties could lead to its application in the treatment of T1D in the veterinary field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhisa KISHI
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomohiro YONEZAWA
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Pathobiology, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noriyuki KAJI
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Momo GOTO
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuma NONOSHITA
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Aki IIO
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Pathobiology, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiharu TSURU
- Primetech Life Science Laboratory, Primetech Corporation, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masatoshi HORI
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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S AK, Patel SS, Patel S, Parikh P. Future treatment of Diabetes - Tyrosine Kinase inhibitors. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2023; 22:61-71. [PMID: 37255821 PMCID: PMC10225458 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-022-01164-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Background Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic disorders that have an increased risk of macro and micro-vascular complications due to lipid dysfunction. The present drug treatments for the management of DM either have numerous side effects or do not have long-lasting therapeutic effects. So it is essential to find a newer class of drug for DM treatment. Method Broad information has been researched regarding Tyrosine kinase Inhibitors (TKIs) and their mechanism of action. They are proven for the management of various kinds of cancers. TKIs produce anti-hyperglycemic effects by acting on multiple targets such as c-Abl, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Receptor (PDGFR), Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor (VEGFR), Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR), and c-Kit. Result This family of drugs blocks numerous tyrosine kinases by acting as a partial agonist of PPAR-γ receptors and results in an anti-diabetic effect by improving insulin sensitivity and glucose disposal rate. Conclusion Therefore, it is said that TKI drugs will be great potential for the treatment of Diabetes. This review summarizes the possible targets of TKIs and TKIs being a potential drug class in the management of Diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aakash Kumar S
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Sarkhej - Gandhinagar Hwy, Gota, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 382481 India
| | - Snehal S Patel
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Sarkhej - Gandhinagar Hwy, Gota, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 382481 India
| | - Shreya Patel
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Sarkhej - Gandhinagar Hwy, Gota, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 382481 India
| | - Palak Parikh
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Sarkhej - Gandhinagar Hwy, Gota, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 382481 India
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11
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Min T, Bain SC. Emerging drugs for the treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus: a review of phase 2 clinical trials. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs 2023; 28:1-15. [PMID: 36896700 DOI: 10.1080/14728214.2023.2188191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite therapeutic advances in the field of diabetes management since the discovery of insulin 100 years ago, there are still unmet clinical needs for people with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). AREAS COVERED Genetic testing and islet autoantibodies testing allow researchers to design prevention studies. This review discusses the emerging therapy for prevention of T1DM, disease modification therapy in early course of T1DM, and therapies and technologies for established T1DM. We focus on phase 2 clinical trials with promising results, thus avoiding the exhausted list of every new therapy for T1DM. EXPERT OPINION Teplizumab has demonstrated potential as a preventative agent for individuals at risk prior to the onset of overt dysglycemia. However, these agents are not without side effects, and there are uncertainties on long-term safety. Technological advances have led a substantial influence on quality of life of people suffering from T1DM. There remains variation in uptake of new technologies across the globe. Novel insulins (ultra-long acting), oral insulin, and inhaled insulin attempt to narrow the gap of unmet needs. Islet cell transplant is another exciting field, and stem cell therapy might have potential to provide unlimited supply of islet cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thinzar Min
- Diabetes Research Group, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Neath Port Talbot Hospital, Swansea Bay University Health Board, Swansea, UK
| | - Stephen C Bain
- Diabetes Research Group, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Singleton Hospital, Swansea Bay University Health Board, Swansea, UK
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12
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Zhou F, Zhu X, Liu Y, Sun Y, Zhang Y, Cheng D, Wang W. Coronary atherosclerosis and chemotherapy: From bench to bedside. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1118002. [PMID: 36742069 PMCID: PMC9892653 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1118002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease, particularly coronary artery disease, is the leading cause of death in humans worldwide. Coronary heart disease caused by chemotherapy affects the prognosis and survival of patients with tumors. The most effective chemotherapeutic drugs for cancer include proteasome inhibitors, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, immune checkpoint inhibitors, 5-fluorouracil, and anthracyclines. Animal models and clinical trials have consistently shown that chemotherapy is closely associated with coronary events and can cause serious adverse cardiovascular events. Adverse cardiovascular events after chemotherapy can affect the clinical outcome, treatment, and prognosis of patients with tumors. In recent years, with the development of new chemotherapeutic drugs, new discoveries have been made about the effects of drugs used for chemotherapy on cardiovascular disease and its related mechanisms, such as inflammation. This review article summarizes the effects of chemotherapeutic drugs on coronary artery disease and its related mechanisms to guide efforts in reducing cardiovascular adverse events during tumor chemotherapy, preventing the development of coronary heart disease, and designing new prevention and treatment strategies for cardiotoxicity caused by clinical tumor chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanghui Zhou
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xinxin Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yao Liu
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yue Sun
- Department of Blood and Endocrinology, The 962nd Hospital of the PLA Joint Logistic Support Force, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Preservation of Human Genetic Resources and Disease Control in China (Harbin Medical University), Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | | | - Wei Wang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China,*Correspondence: Wei Wang,
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13
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Pereira WA, Nascimento ÉCM, Martins JBL. Electronic and structural study of T315I mutated form in DFG-out conformation of BCR-ABL inhibitors. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2022; 40:9774-9788. [PMID: 34121617 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2021.1935320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the four main drugs for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia were analyzed, being imatinib, dasatinib, nilotinib and ponatinib followed by four derivative molecules of nilotinib and ponatinib. For these derivative molecules, the fluorine atoms were replaced by hydrogen and chlorine atoms in order to shade light to the structural effects on this set of inhibitors. Electronic studies were performed at density functional theory level with the B3LYP functional and 6-311+G(d,p) basis set. The frontier molecular orbitals, gap HOMO-LUMO, and NBO were analyzed and compared to docking studies for mutant T315I tyrosine kinase protein structure code 3IK3, in the DFG-out conformation. Structural similarities were pointed out, such as the presence of groups common to all inhibitors and modifications raised up on new generations of imatinib-based inhibitors. One of them is the trifluoromethyl group present in nilotinib and later included in ponatinib, in addition to the 1-methylpiperazin-1-ium group that is present in imatinib and ponatinib. The frontier molecular orbitals of imatinib and ponatinib are contributing to the same amino acid residues, and the ineffectiveness of imatinib against the T315I mutation was discussed.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Washington A Pereira
- Institute of Chemistry, Laboratory of Computational Chemistry, University of Brasília, Brasília, Federal District, Brazil
| | - Érica C M Nascimento
- Institute of Chemistry, Laboratory of Computational Chemistry, University of Brasília, Brasília, Federal District, Brazil
| | - João B L Martins
- Institute of Chemistry, Laboratory of Computational Chemistry, University of Brasília, Brasília, Federal District, Brazil
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14
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Ma J, Sui F, Liu Y, Yuan M, Dang H, Liu R, Shi B, Hou P. Sorafenib decreases glycemia by impairing hepatic glucose metabolism. Endocrine 2022; 78:446-457. [PMID: 36205915 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-022-03202-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Sorafenib has been reported to reduce blood glucose levels in diabetic and non-diabetic patients in previous retrospective studies. However, the mechanism of which the hypoglycemic effects of sorafenib is not clearly explored. In this study, we investigated the effect of sorafenib on blood glucose levels in diabetic and normal mice and explored the possible mechanism. METHODS We established a mouse model of type 2 diabetes by a high-fat diet combined with a low-dose of streptozotocin (STZ), to identify the hypoglycemic effect of sorafenib in different mice. Glucose tolerance, insulin tolerance and pyruvate tolerance tests were done after daily gavage with sorafenib to diabetic and control mice. To explore the molecular mechanism by which sorafenib regulates blood glucose levels, hepatic glucose metabolism signaling was studied by a series of in vivo and in vitro experiments. RESULTS Sorafenib reduced blood glucose levels in both control and diabetic mice, particularly in the latter. The diabetic mice exhibited improved glucose and insulin tolerance after sorafenib treatment. Further studies showed that the expressions of gluconeogenesis-related enzymes, such as PCK1, G6PC and PCB, were significantly decreased upon sorafenib treatment. Mechanistically, sorafenib downregulates the expression of c-MYC downstream targets PCK1, G6PC and PCB through blocking the ERK/c-MYC signaling pathway, thereby playing its hypoglycemic effect by impairing hepatic glucose metabolism. CONCLUSION Sorafenib reduces blood glucose levels through downregulating gluconeogenic genes, especially in diabetic mice, suggesting the patients with T2DM when treated with sorafenib need more emphasis in monitoring blood glucose to avoid unnecessary hypoglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Fang Sui
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Mengmeng Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Hui Dang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Radio-Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Bingyin Shi
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Peng Hou
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, P.R. China.
- Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province and Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, P.R. China.
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15
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Zhu P, Wu X, Zhang RY, Hsu CC, Zhang ZY, Tao WA. An Integrated Proteomic Strategy to Identify SHP2 Substrates. J Proteome Res 2022; 21:2515-2525. [PMID: 36103635 PMCID: PMC9597472 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.2c00481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Protein phosphatases play an essential role in normal cell physiology and the development of diseases such as cancer. The innate challenges associated with studying protein phosphatases have limited our understanding of their substrates, molecular mechanisms, and unique functions within highly coordinated networks. Here, we introduce a novel strategy using substrate-trapping mutants coupled with quantitative proteomics methods to identify physiological substrates of Src homology 2 containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 2 (SHP2) in a high-throughput manner. The technique integrates three parallel mass spectrometry-based proteomics experiments, including affinity isolation of substrate-trapping mutant complex using wild-type and SHP2 KO cells, in vivo global quantitative phosphoproteomics, and in vitro phosphatase reaction. We confidently identified 18 direct substrates of SHP2 in the epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathways, including both known and novel SHP2 substrates. Docking protein 1 was further validated using biochemical assays as a novel SHP2 substrate, providing a mechanism for SHP2-mediated Ras activation. This advanced workflow improves the systemic identification of direct substrates of protein phosphatases, facilitating our understanding of the equally important roles of protein phosphatases in cellular signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peipei Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Xiaofeng Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Ruo-Yu Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Chuan-Chih Hsu
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Zhong-Yin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - W Andy Tao
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
- Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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16
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Mastrandrea LD, Quattrin T. Preventing type 1 diabetes development and preserving beta-cell function. Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes 2022; 29:386-391. [PMID: 35799459 DOI: 10.1097/med.0000000000000746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is the most common chronic disease of childhood presenting a significant burden, both in terms of day-to-day medical management and lifelong care. Studies aligned with diverse strategies to prevent or modify the course of T1D are reviewed. RECENT FINDINGS The diagnosis of T1D precedes the classic clinical presentation when insulin dependence develops. With an increased understanding of the pathophysiology of the autoimmune process leading to T1D, treatment strategies to prevent the development of autoimmunity and/or modify the immune response have been trialed in persons at risk for developing the disease. Interventions prior to insulin dependence or very early after clinical diagnosis show some promise both in preventing disease onset and prolonging beta-cell insulin production. SUMMARY Significant progress has been made in the treatment of T1D. However, suboptimal glycemic control remains a challenge impacting overall health and quality of life for patients with this chronic disease. Although physicians and basic sciences investigators continue to pursue the prevention of the autoimmune process, the advent of disease-modifying agents is a promising strategy. Further studies are needed to ensure that insulin preservation can be achieved longer term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy D Mastrandrea
- Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo
- Diabetes Center, John R. Oishei Children's Hospital, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Teresa Quattrin
- Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo
- Diabetes Center, John R. Oishei Children's Hospital, Buffalo, New York, USA
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17
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Zandi M, Moghaddam VA, Salehi Z, Mashayekhi F, Dalili S. The Impact of STAT3 rs1053005 Variation on Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Susceptibility: Association Study and in Silico Analysis. Immunol Invest 2022; 51:1908-1919. [PMID: 35762640 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2022.2079419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Type 1 diabetes (T1DM) is an autoimmune disorder with multiple genetic and environmental risk factors that are still poorly understood. The signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) proteins play a pivotal role in immune-cell genesis and regulation. This study aimed to determine the effect of rs1053005 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in 3'-UTR of STAT3 mRNA on the susceptibility to T1DM in an Iranian population. METHODS PCR-RFLP was conducted on 250 T1DM patients and 250 control cases to assess STAT3 rs1053005 polymorphism. Moreover, several bioinformatics tools were employed to identify the candidate miRNAs targeting the STAT3 mRNA region under study as well as the effect of rs1053005 on their binding site. RESULTS Significant variations in the distribution of genotypes and alleles were seen between cases and controls. The comparison results of the frequency of AA, AG, and GG genotypes between T1DM patients and control groups were 49.2% versus 64.8%, 39.2 versus 30%, and 11.6 versus 5.2%, respectively. Individuals who carried GG genotype were at 2.93-fold increased risk of developing T1DM and the G allele was associated with 1.79-fold higher T1DM risk. Bioinformatics analysis demonstrated that due to rs1053005, the interaction of 3 miRNAs were broken, 3 were weakened, 2 were reinforced, and 4 binding sites were created. CONCLUSION The result of this study indicates an association between STAT3 rs1053005 and T1DM susceptibility which may be due to interference of the SNP with native-binding site of some predicted miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Zandi
- Department of Biology, University Campus2, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | | | - Zivar Salehi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Farhad Mashayekhi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Setila Dalili
- Pediatric Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of medical sciences, Rasht, Iran
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18
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Kumar V, Singh P, Gupta SK, Ali V, Jyotirmayee, Verma M. Alterations in cellular metabolisms after Imatinib therapy: a review. Med Oncol 2022; 39:95. [DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01699-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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19
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Zeng Q, Song J, Wang D, Sun X, Xiao Y, Zhang H, Xiao Y, Zhou Z, Deng T. Identification of Sorafenib as a Treatment for Type 1 Diabetes. Front Immunol 2022; 13:740805. [PMID: 35242127 PMCID: PMC8886732 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.740805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Th1 cell activation is considered a key mediator of the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes. Targeting IL-12-induced Th1 cell differentiation seems to be an effective way to block the development of type 1 diabetes. However, given the critical function of Th1 in the immune system, the potential side effects hinder the application of anti-Th1 therapy in the treatment of type 1 diabetes. To identify safe anti-Th1 treatment(s), we screened the FDA-approved tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) drug library using an IL-12-induced Th1 differentiation cell model. We found that among the TKIs with little effect on T cell viability, sorafenib is the top contender for the inhibition of Th1 differentiation. Treatment of NOD mice with sorafenib significantly impeded the development of type 1 diabetes and ameliorated insulitis, which coincided with a specifically decreased accumulation of Th1 cell population in the pancreas but not in peripheral immune organs. Mechanistically, sorafenib indirectly inhibited janus kinase 2 (JAK2) activity and blocked IL-12-induced phosphorylations of JAK2 and signal transducer and activator of transcription 4 (STAT4). Since sorafenib is classified as an FDA-approved drug, it serves as a preliminary lead point for additional experimentation and may be a promising therapy for type 1 diabetes in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Zeng
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, and Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jianfeng Song
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, and Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Dandan Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, and Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Sun
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, and Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yalun Xiao
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, and Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Haowei Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, and Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yang Xiao
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, and Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhiguang Zhou
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, and Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Tuo Deng
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, and Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,Clinical Immunology Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
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20
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Cardio-onco-metabolism: metabolic remodelling in cardiovascular disease and cancer. Nat Rev Cardiol 2022; 19:414-425. [PMID: 35440740 PMCID: PMC10112835 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-022-00698-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease and cancer are the two leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the world. The emerging field of cardio-oncology has revealed that these seemingly disparate disease processes are intertwined, owing to the cardiovascular sequelae of anticancer therapies, shared risk factors that predispose individuals to both cardiovascular disease and cancer, as well the possible potentiation of cancer growth by cardiac dysfunction. As a result, interest has increased in understanding the fundamental biological mechanisms that are central to the relationship between cardiovascular disease and cancer. Metabolism, appropriate regulation of energy, energy substrate utilization, and macromolecular synthesis and breakdown are fundamental processes for cellular and organismal survival. In this Review, we explore the emerging data identifying metabolic dysregulation as an important theme in cardio-oncology. We discuss the growing recognition of metabolic reprogramming in cardiovascular disease and cancer and view the novel area of cardio-oncology through the lens of metabolism.
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21
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Althubiti M. Tyrosine kinase targeting: A potential therapeutic strategy for diabetes. SAUDI JOURNAL OF MEDICINE AND MEDICAL SCIENCES 2022; 10:183-191. [PMID: 36247049 PMCID: PMC9555044 DOI: 10.4103/sjmms.sjmms_492_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have been studied extensively in cancer research, ultimately resulting in the approval of many drugs for cancer therapy. Recent evidence from reported clinical cases and experimental studies have suggested that some of these drugs have a potential role in diabetes treatment. These TKIs include imatinib, sunitinib, dasatinib, erlotinib, nilotinib, neratinib, and ibrutinib. As a result of promising findings, imatinib has been used in a phase II clinical trial. In this review, studies that used TKIs in the treatment of both types of diabetes are critically discussed. In addition, the different molecular mechanisms of action of these drugs in diabetes models are also highlighted to understand their antidiabetic mode of action.
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22
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Welsh N. Are off-target effects of imatinib the key to improving beta-cell function in diabetes? Ups J Med Sci 2022; 127:8841. [PMID: 36187072 PMCID: PMC9487420 DOI: 10.48101/ujms.v127.8841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The small tyrosine kinase (TK) inhibitor imatinib mesylate (Gleevec, STI571) protects against both type 1 and type 2 diabetes, but as it inhibits many TKs and other proteins, it is not clear by which mechanisms it acts. This present review will focus on the possibility that imatinib acts, at least in part, by improving beta-cell function and survival via off-target effects on beta-cell signaling/metabolic flow events. Particular attention will be given to the possibility that imatinib and other TK inhibitors function as inhibitors of mitochondrial respiration. A better understanding of how imatinib counteracts diabetes will possibly help to clarify the pathogenic role of beta-cell signaling events and mitochondrial function, and hopefully leading to improved treatment of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Welsh
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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23
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Kumari P, Chakravarthy PS, Gupta D, Bhowmick M, Naik MD, Priyanka G. Imatinib-induced cardiotoxicity: A study to evaluate cardiac functions in patients on imatinib therapy for chronic myeloid leukemia. JOURNAL OF APPLIED HEMATOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/joah.joah_9_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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24
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite advances in technology including the development of more sophisticated methods of monitoring blood glucose and delivering insulin, many individuals with type 1 diabetes continue to experience significant challenges in optimizing glycaemic control. Alternative treatment approaches to insulin are required. Increasing efforts have focused on developing treatments aimed at targeting the underlying disease process to modulate the immune system, maximize beta cell function and enhance endogenous insulin production and action. SOURCES OF DATA Literature searches with keywords 'Type 1 diabetes and immunotherapy', publications relating to clinical trials of immunotherapy in type 1 diabetes. AREAS OF AGREEMENT Insulin therapy is insufficient to achieve optimal glycaemic control in many individuals with type 1 diabetes, and new treatment approaches are required. Studies have showed promising results for the use of immunotherapy as a means of delaying disease onset and progression. AREAS OF CONTROVERSY The optimal way of identifying individuals most likely to benefit from immunotherapies. GROWING POINTS A better understanding of the natural history of type 1 diabetes has made it possible to identify individuals who have developed autoimmunity but have not yet progressed to clinical diabetes, offering opportunities not only to develop treatments that delay disease progression, but prevent its development in the first place. A consensus on how to identify individuals who may benefit from immunotherapy to prevent disease onset is needed. AREAS TIMELY FOR DEVELOPING RESEARCH The development of optimal strategies for preventing and delaying progression of type 1 diabetes, and monitoring the response to immunointervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A Allen
- Diabetes Research Group, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - C M Dayan
- Diabetes Research Group, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
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25
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Sahin GS, Lee H, Engin F. An accomplice more than a mere victim: The impact of β-cell ER stress on type 1 diabetes pathogenesis. Mol Metab 2021; 54:101365. [PMID: 34728341 PMCID: PMC8606542 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2021.101365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic β-cells are the insulin factory of an organism with a mission to regulate glucose homeostasis in the body. Due to their high secretory activity, β-cells rely on a functional and intact endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Perturbations to ER homeostasis and unmitigated stress lead to β-cell dysfunction and death. Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by the autoimmune-mediated destruction of β-cells. Although autoimmunity is an essential component of T1D pathogenesis, accumulating evidence suggests an important role of β-cell ER stress and aberrant unfolded protein response (UPR) in disease initiation and progression. SCOPE OF REVIEW In this article, we introduce ER stress and the UPR, review β-cell ER stress in various mouse models, evaluate its involvement in inflammation, and discuss the effects of ER stress on β-cell plasticity and demise, and islet autoimmunity in T1D. We also highlight the relationship of ER stress with other stress response pathways and provide insight into ongoing clinical studies targeting ER stress and the UPR for the prevention or treatment of T1D. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS Evidence from ex vivo studies, in vivo mouse models, and tissue samples from patients suggest that β-cell ER stress and a defective UPR contribute to T1D pathogenesis. Thus, restoration of β-cell ER homeostasis at various stages of disease presents a plausible therapeutic strategy for T1D. Identifying the specific functions and regulation of each UPR sensor in β-cells and uncovering the crosstalk between stressed β-cells and immune cells during T1D progression would provide a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of disease process, and may reveal novel targets for development of effective therapies for T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulcan Semra Sahin
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Hugo Lee
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Feyza Engin
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, 53706, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, 53705, USA; Department of Cell & Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, 53705, USA.
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Elksnis A, Schiffer TA, Palm F, Wang Y, Cen J, Turpaev K, Ngamjariyawat A, Younis S, Huang S, Shen Y, Leng Y, Bergsten P, Karlsborn T, Welsh N, Wang X. Imatinib protects against human beta-cell death via inhibition of mitochondrial respiration and activation of AMPK. Clin Sci (Lond) 2021; 135:2243-2263. [PMID: 34569605 DOI: 10.1042/cs20210604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib is used in the treatment of various malignancies but may also promote beneficial effects in the treatment of diabetes. The aim of the present investigation was to characterize the mechanisms by which imatinib protects insulin producing cells. Treatment of non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice with imatinib resulted in increased beta-cell AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation. Imatinib activated AMPK also in vitro, resulting in decreased ribosomal protein S6 phosphorylation and protection against islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP)-aggregation, thioredoxin interacting protein (TXNIP) up-regulation and beta-cell death. 5-Aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide (AICAR) mimicked and compound C counteracted the effect of imatinib on beta-cell survival. Imatinib-induced AMPK activation was preceded by reduced glucose/pyruvate-dependent respiration, increased glycolysis rates, and a lowered ATP/AMP ratio. Imatinib augmented the fractional oxidation of fatty acids/malate, possibly via a direct interaction with the beta-oxidation enzyme enoyl coenzyme A hydratase, short chain, 1, mitochondrial (ECHS1). In non-beta cells, imatinib reduced respiratory chain complex I and II-mediated respiration and acyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) phosphorylation, suggesting that mitochondrial effects of imatinib are not beta-cell specific. In conclusion, tyrosine kinase inhibitors modestly inhibit mitochondrial respiration, leading to AMPK activation and TXNIP down-regulation, which in turn protects against beta-cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andris Elksnis
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Box 571, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Tomas A Schiffer
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Box 571, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Palm
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Box 571, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Yun Wang
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Box 571, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jing Cen
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Box 571, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kyril Turpaev
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Box 571, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
- Center for Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anongnad Ngamjariyawat
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Box 571, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Shady Younis
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, U.S.A
| | - Suling Huang
- State key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Shen
- State key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Leng
- State key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Peter Bergsten
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Box 571, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Tony Karlsborn
- Swedish Metabolomics Centre, KBC Byggnaden, Plan 3, Linnaeus väg 6, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Nils Welsh
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Box 571, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Xuan Wang
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Box 571, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
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27
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Gitelman SE, Bundy BN, Ferrannini E, Lim N, Blanchfield JL, DiMeglio LA, Felner EI, Gaglia JL, Gottlieb PA, Long SA, Mari A, Mirmira RG, Raskin P, Sanda S, Tsalikian E, Wentworth JM, Willi SM, Krischer JP, Bluestone JA. Imatinib therapy for patients with recent-onset type 1 diabetes: a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2021; 9:502-514. [PMID: 34214479 PMCID: PMC8494464 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-8587(21)00139-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 1 diabetes results from autoimmune-mediated destruction of β cells. The tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib might affect relevant immunological and metabolic pathways, and preclinical studies show that it reverses and prevents diabetes. Our aim was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of imatinib in preserving β-cell function in patients with recent-onset type 1 diabetes. METHODS We did a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial. Patients with recent-onset type 1 diabetes (<100 days from diagnosis), aged 18-45 years, positive for at least one type of diabetes-associated autoantibody, and with a peak stimulated C-peptide of greater than 0·2 nmol L-1 on a mixed meal tolerance test (MMTT) were enrolled from nine medical centres in the USA (n=8) and Australia (n=1). Participants were randomly assigned (2:1) to receive either 400 mg imatinib mesylate (4 × 100 mg film-coated tablets per day) or matching placebo for 26 weeks via a computer-generated blocked randomisation scheme stratified by centre. Treatment assignments were masked for all participants and study personnel except pharmacists at each clinical site. The primary endpoint was the difference in the area under the curve (AUC) mean for C-peptide response in the first 2 h of an MMTT at 12 months in the imatinib group versus the placebo group, with use of an ANCOVA model adjusting for sex, baseline age, and baseline C-peptide, with further observation up to 24 months. The primary analysis was by intention to treat (ITT). Safety was assessed in all randomly assigned participants. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01781975 (completed). FINDINGS Patients were screened and enrolled between Feb 12, 2014, and May 19, 2016. 45 patients were assigned to receive imatinib and 22 to receive placebo. After withdrawals, 43 participants in the imatinib group and 21 in the placebo group were included in the primary ITT analysis at 12 months. The study met its primary endpoint: the adjusted mean difference in 2-h C-peptide AUC at 12 months for imatinib versus placebo treatment was 0·095 (90% CI -0·003 to 0·191; p=0·048, one-tailed test). This effect was not sustained out to 24 months. During the 24-month follow-up, 32 (71%) of 45 participants who received imatinib had a grade 2 severity or worse adverse event, compared with 13 (59%) of 22 participants who received placebo. The most common adverse events (grade 2 severity or worse) that differed between the groups were gastrointestinal issues (six [13%] participants in the imatinib group, primarily nausea, and none in the placebo group) and additional laboratory investigations (ten [22%] participants in the imatinib group and two [9%] in the placebo group). Per the trial protocol, 17 (38%) participants in the imatinib group required a temporary modification in drug dosing and six (13%) permanently discontinued imatinib due to adverse events; five (23%) participants in the placebo group had temporary modifications in dosing and none had a permanent discontinuation due to adverse events. INTERPRETATION A 26-week course of imatinib preserved β-cell function at 12 months in adults with recent-onset type 1 diabetes. Imatinib might offer a novel means to alter the course of type 1 diabetes. Future considerations are defining ideal dose and duration of therapy, safety and efficacy in children, combination use with a complimentary drug, and ability of imatinib to delay or prevent progression to diabetes in an at-risk population; however, careful monitoring for possible toxicities is required. FUNDING Juvenile Research Diabetes Foundation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Noha Lim
- Immune Tolerance Network, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | - Jason L Gaglia
- Section on Immunology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Andrea Mari
- CNR Institute of Neurosciences, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Philip Raskin
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Srinath Sanda
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - John M Wentworth
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute and Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Steven M Willi
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Skyler JS. New insights into halting type 1 diabetes. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2021; 9:475-476. [PMID: 34214480 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-8587(21)00169-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jay S Skyler
- Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
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Tapia L, Solozabal N, Solà J, Pérez Y, Miller WT, Alfonso I. Modulation of Src Kinase Activity by Selective Substrate Recognition with Pseudopeptidic Cages. Chemistry 2021; 27:9542-9549. [PMID: 33904620 PMCID: PMC8362067 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The selective recognition of tyrosine residues in peptides is an appealing approach to inhibiting their tyrosine kinase (TK)-mediated phosphorylation. Herein, we describe pseudopeptidic cages that efficiently protect substrates from the action of the Src TK enzyme, precluding the corresponding Tyr phosphorylation. Fluorescence emission titrations show that the most efficient cage inhibitors strongly bind the peptide substrates with a very good correlation between the binding constant and the inhibitory potency. Structural insights and additional control experiments further support the proposed mechanism of selective supramolecular protection of the substrates. Moreover, the approach also works in a completely different kinase-substrate system. These results illustrate the potential of supramolecular complexes for the efficient and selective modulation of TK signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Tapia
- Department of Biological ChemistryInstitute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia, IQAC-CSICJordi Girona 18–2608034BarcelonaSpain
| | - Naiara Solozabal
- NMR FacilityInstitute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia, IQAC-CSICJordi Girona 18–2608034BarcelonaSpain
| | - Jordi Solà
- Department of Biological ChemistryInstitute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia, IQAC-CSICJordi Girona 18–2608034BarcelonaSpain
| | - Yolanda Pérez
- NMR FacilityInstitute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia, IQAC-CSICJordi Girona 18–2608034BarcelonaSpain
| | - W. Todd Miller
- Department of Physiology and BiophysicsStony Brook University and Department of Veterans Affairs Medical CenterStony BrookNY, 11794USA
| | - Ignacio Alfonso
- Department of Biological ChemistryInstitute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia, IQAC-CSICJordi Girona 18–2608034BarcelonaSpain
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Fröbom R, Berglund E, Aspinwall CA, Lui WO, Nilsson IL, Larsson C, Bränström R. Direct interaction of the ATP-sensitive K + channel by the tyrosine kinase inhibitors imatinib, sunitinib and nilotinib. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 557:14-19. [PMID: 33857840 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.03.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The ATP-regulated K+ channel (KATP) plays an essential role in the control of many physiological processes, and contains a ATP-binding site. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) are commonly used drugs, that primarily target ATP-binding sites in tyrosine kinases. Herein, we used the patch-clamp technique to examine the effects of three clinically established TKIs on KATP channel activity in isolated membrane patches, using a pancreatic β-cell line as a KATP channel source. In excised inside-out patches, the activity of the KATP channel was dose-dependently inhibited by imatinib with half-maximal concentration of approximately 9.4 μM. The blocking effect of imatinib was slow and reversible. No effect of imatinib was observed on either the large (KBK) or the small (KSK) conductance, Ca2+-regulated K+ channel. In the presence of ATP/ADP (ratio 1) addition of imatinib increased channel activity approximately 1.5-fold. Sunitinib and nilotinib were also found to decrease KATP channel activity. These findings are compatible with the view that TKIs, designed to interact at the ATP-binding pocket on the tyrosine receptor, also interact at the ATP-binding site on the KATP channel. Possibly, this might explain some of the side effects seen with TKIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Fröbom
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden; Endocrine and Sarcoma Surgery Unit, Karolinska University Hospital, Sweden
| | - Erik Berglund
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden; Department of Transplantation Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital, Sweden
| | - Craig A Aspinwall
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Weng-Onn Lui
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - Inga-Lena Nilsson
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden; Endocrine and Sarcoma Surgery Unit, Karolinska University Hospital, Sweden
| | - Catharina Larsson
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden; Medical Unit Clinical Pathology and Cytology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Robert Bränström
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden; Endocrine and Sarcoma Surgery Unit, Karolinska University Hospital, Sweden.
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Lee YS, Saxena V, Bromberg JS, Scalea JR. G-CSF promotes alloregulatory function of MDSCs through a c-Kit dependent mechanism. Cell Immunol 2021; 364:104346. [PMID: 33848847 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2021.104346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) are a heterogeneous population of immature myeloid cells that expand in inflammatory conditions including transplantation. MDSCs may be capable of controlling rejection. The critical mechanisms underlying MDSC mediated alloregulation remain unexplored. G-CSF potently stimulates MDSC expansion. We hypothesized that G-CSF-induced MDSCs use a novel mechanism to suppress T cell responses. G-CSF promoted expansion of MDSCs and enhanced their suppressive function against T cell proliferation. Gene expression analysis revealed MDSCs expanded with G-CSF upregulated immune-related genes, but downregulated proliferation-related genes when compared to naïve control MDSCs. The KIT oncogene, encoding the c-Kit (CD117) transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptor, was the most significantly increased in MDSCs expanded with G-CSF. c-Kit inhibition with both imatinib and monoclonal blocking antibody reduced expression of ARG-1, iNOS, PD-L1, and SAA3. Further, imatinib also reduced MDSC-mediated T cell suppression in vitro. Modulation of c-Kit activity may represent a therapeutic target for alloregulatory MDSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young S Lee
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States; Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States
| | - Vikas Saxena
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States
| | - Jonathan S Bromberg
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States; Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States
| | - Joseph R Scalea
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States; Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States.
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Bilekova S, Sachs S, Lickert H. Pharmacological Targeting of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Pancreatic Beta Cells. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2020; 42:85-95. [PMID: 33353789 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2020.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes is a disease with pandemic dimensions and no pharmacological treatment prevents disease progression. Dedifferentiation has been proposed to be a driver of beta-cell dysfunction in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Regenerative therapies aim to re-establish function in dysfunctional or dedifferentiated beta cells and restore the defective insulin secretion. Unsustainable levels of insulin production, with increased demand at disease onset, strain the beta-cell secretory machinery, leading to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Unresolved chronic ER stress is a major contributor to beta-cell loss of function and identity. Restoring ER homeostasis, enhancing ER-associated degradation of misfolded protein, and boosting chaperoning activity, are emerging therapeutic approaches for diabetes treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Bilekova
- Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany; Technical University of Munich, Medical Faculty, Munich, Germany
| | - Stephan Sachs
- Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany; Technical University of Munich, Medical Faculty, Munich, Germany
| | - Heiko Lickert
- Institute of Diabetes and Regeneration Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany; Technical University of Munich, Medical Faculty, Munich, Germany; Institute of Stem Cell Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.
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Brawerman G, Thompson PJ. Beta Cell Therapies for Preventing Type 1 Diabetes: From Bench to Bedside. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E1681. [PMID: 33339173 PMCID: PMC7765619 DOI: 10.3390/biom10121681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by insulin deficiency, generally resulting from progressive autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic beta cells. While the phenomenon of beta cell autoimmunity continues to be an active area of investigation, recent evidence suggests that beta cell stress responses are also important contributors to disease onset. Here we review the pathways driving different kinds of beta cell dysfunction and their respective therapeutic targets in the prevention of T1D. We discuss opportunities and important open questions around the effectiveness of beta cell therapies and challenges for clinical utility. We further evaluate ways in which beta cell drug therapy could be combined with immunotherapy for preventing T1D in light of our growing appreciation of disease heterogeneity and patient endotypes. Ultimately, the emergence of pharmacologic beta cell therapies for T1D have armed us with new tools and closing the knowledge gaps in T1D etiology will be essential for maximizing the potential of these approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Brawerman
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada;
- Children’s Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada
| | - Peter J. Thompson
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada;
- Children’s Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada
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Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a disease characterized by destruction of the insulin-producing beta cells. Currently, there remains a critical gap in our understanding of how to reverse or prevent beta cell loss in individuals with T1D. Previous studies in mice discovered that pharmacologically inhibiting polyamine biosynthesis using difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) resulted in preserved beta cell function and mass. Similarly, treatment of non-obese diabetic mice with the tyrosine kinase inhibitor Imatinib mesylate reversed diabetes. The promising findings from these animal studies resulted in the initiation of two separate clinical trials that would repurpose either DFMO (NCT02384889) or Imatinib (NCT01781975) and determine effects on diabetes outcomes; however, whether these drugs directly stimulated beta cell growth remained unknown. To address this, we used the zebrafish model system to determine pharmacological impact on beta cell regeneration. After induction of beta cell death, zebrafish embryos were treated with either DFMO or Imatinib. Neither drug altered whole-body growth or exocrine pancreas length. Embryos treated with Imatinib showed no effect on beta cell regeneration; however, excitingly, DFMO enhanced beta cell regeneration. These data suggest that pharmacological inhibition of polyamine biosynthesis may be a promising therapeutic option to stimulate beta cell regeneration in the setting of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leah R. Padgett
- Indiana Biosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Jonathan A. Fine
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Gaurav Chopra
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Purdue Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Integrative Data Science Initiative, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Teresa L. Mastracci
- Indiana Biosciences Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- CONTACT Teresa L. Mastracci Department of Biology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN46202, USA
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Oftedal BE, Wolff ASB. New era of therapy for endocrine autoimmune disorders. Scand J Immunol 2020; 92:e12961. [PMID: 32853446 DOI: 10.1111/sji.12961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The new era of immune and reconstitution therapy of autoimmune disorders is ongoing. However, endocrine autoimmune diseases comprise a group of elaborating pathologies where the development of new treatment strategies remains slow. Substitution of the missing hormones is still standard practice, taking care of the devastating symptoms but not the cause of disease. As our knowledge of the genetic contribution to the aetiology of endocrine disorders increases and early diagnostic tools are available, it is now possible to identify persons at risk before they acquire full-blown disease. This review summarizes current knowledge and treatment of endocrine autoimmune disorders, focusing on type 1 diabetes, Addison's disease, autoimmune thyroid diseases and primary ovarian insufficiency. We explore which new therapies might be used in the different stages of the disease, focus on legalized therapy and elaborate on the ongoing clinical studies for these diseases and the research front, before hypothesizing on the way ahead.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bergithe E Oftedal
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,KG Jebsen Center for Autoimmune Disorders, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Anette S B Wolff
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,KG Jebsen Center for Autoimmune Disorders, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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Gilvary C, Elkhader J, Madhukar N, Henchcliffe C, Goncalves MD, Elemento O. A machine learning and network framework to discover new indications for small molecules. PLoS Comput Biol 2020; 16:e1008098. [PMID: 32764756 PMCID: PMC7437923 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1008098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug repurposing, identifying novel indications for drugs, bypasses common drug development pitfalls to ultimately deliver therapies to patients faster. However, most repurposing discoveries have been led by anecdotal observations (e.g. Viagra) or experimental-based repurposing screens, which are costly, time-consuming, and imprecise. Recently, more systematic computational approaches have been proposed, however these rely on utilizing the information from the diseases a drug is already approved to treat. This inherently limits the algorithms, making them unusable for investigational molecules. Here, we present a computational approach to drug repurposing, CATNIP, that requires only biological and chemical information of a molecule. CATNIP is trained with 2,576 diverse small molecules and uses 16 different drug similarity features, such as structural, target, or pathway based similarity. This model obtains significant predictive power (AUC = 0.841). Using our model, we created a repurposing network to identify broad scale repurposing opportunities between drug types. By exploiting this network, we identified literature-supported repurposing candidates, such as the use of systemic hormonal preparations for the treatment of respiratory illnesses. Furthermore, we demonstrated that we can use our approach to identify novel uses for defined drug classes. We found that adrenergic uptake inhibitors, specifically amitriptyline and trimipramine, could be potential therapies for Parkinson's disease. Additionally, using CATNIP, we predicted the kinase inhibitor, vandetanib, as a possible treatment for Type 2 Diabetes. Overall, this systematic approach to drug repurposing lays the groundwork to streamline future drug development efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coryandar Gilvary
- HRH Prince Alwaleed Bin Talal Bin Abdulaziz Alsaud Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Dept. of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
- Tri-Institutional Training Program in Computational Biology and Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Jamal Elkhader
- HRH Prince Alwaleed Bin Talal Bin Abdulaziz Alsaud Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Dept. of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
- Tri-Institutional Training Program in Computational Biology and Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Neel Madhukar
- OneThree Biotech, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Claire Henchcliffe
- Department of Neurology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Marcus D. Goncalves
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Olivier Elemento
- HRH Prince Alwaleed Bin Talal Bin Abdulaziz Alsaud Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Dept. of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
- Tri-Institutional Training Program in Computational Biology and Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
- OneThree Biotech, New York, New York, United States of America
- WorldQuant Initiative for Quantitative Prediction, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Emerging data have suggested that β-cell dysfunction may exacerbate the development and progression of type 1 diabetes (T1D). In this review, we highlight clinical and preclinical studies suggesting a role for β-cell dysfunction during the evolution of T1D and suggest agents that may promote β-cell health in T1D. RECENT FINDINGS Metabolic abnormalities exist years before development of hyperglycemia and exhibit a reproducible pattern reflecting progressive deterioration of β-cell function and increases in β-cell stress and death. Preclinical studies indicate that T1D may be prevented by modification of pathways impacting intrinsic β-cell stress and antigen presentation. Recent findings suggest that differences in metabolic phenotypes and β-cell stress may reflect differing endotypes of T1D. Multiple pathways representing potential drug targets have been identified, but most remain to be tested in human populations with preclinical disease. SUMMARY This cumulative body of work shows clear evidence that β-cell stress, dysfunction, and death are harbingers of impending T1D and likely contribute to progression of disease and insulin deficiency. Treatment with agents targeting β-cell health could augment interventions with immunomodulatory therapies but will need to be tested in intervention studies with endpoints carefully designed to capture changes in β-cell function and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily K. Sims
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
- Department of Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
- Department of Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Raghavendra G. Mirmira
- Kovler Diabetes Center and the Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Carmella Evans-Molina
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
- Department of Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
- Department of Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
- Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN
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Duggan BM, Cavallari JF, Foley KP, Barra NG, Schertzer JD. RIPK2 Dictates Insulin Responses to Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Obese Male Mice. Endocrinology 2020; 161:5849113. [PMID: 32473019 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqaa086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) used in cancer are also being investigated in diabetes. TKIs can improve blood glucose control in diabetic cancer patients, but the specific kinases that alter blood glucose or insulin are not clear. We sought to define the role of Receptor Interacting Serine/Threonine Kinase 2 (RIPK2) in mouse models of insulin resistance. We tested the TKI gefitinib, which inhibits RIPK2 activity, in wild-type (WT), Nod1-/-, Nod2-/-, and Ripk2-/- mice fed an obesogenic high-fat diet. Gefitinib lowered blood glucose during a glucose tolerance test (GTT) in a nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-RIPK2-independent manner in all obese mice. However, gefitinib lowered glucose-stimulated insulin secretion only in obese Ripk2-/- mice. Gefitinib had no effect on insulin secretion in obese WT, Nod1-/-, or Nod2-/- mice. Hence, genetic deletion of Ripk2 promoted the insulin-sensitizing potential of gefitinib, since this TKI lowered both blood glucose and insulin only in Ripk2-/- mice. Gefitinib did not alter the inflammatory profile of pancreas, adipose, liver, or muscle tissues in obese Ripk2-/- mice compared with obese WT mice. We also tested imatinib, a TKI that does not inhibit RIPK2 activity, in obese WT mice. Imatinib lowered blood glucose during a GTT, consistent with TKIs lowering blood glucose independently of RIPK2. However, imatinib increased glucose-stimulated insulin secretion during the glucose challenge. These data show that multiple TKIs lower blood glucose, where actions of TKIs on RIPK2 dictate divergent insulin responses, independent of tissue inflammation. Our data show that RIPK2 limits the insulin sensitizing effect of gefitinib, whereas imatinib increased insulin secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany M Duggan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences and Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Joseph F Cavallari
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences and Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kevin P Foley
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences and Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nicole G Barra
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences and Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jonathan D Schertzer
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences and Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Samaha MM, Said E, Salem HA. Modulatory role of imatinib mesylate on pancreatic β-cells' secretory functions in an STZ rat model of diabetes mellitus. Chem Biol Interact 2020; 328:109197. [PMID: 32710900 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2020.109197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to assess the effect of imatinib mesylate; a tyrosine kinase inhibitor and a well-known anticancer with numerous medical benefits on blood sugar levels, insulin, and glucagon secretion in an experimental model of STZ-induced diabetes mellitus. Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) was induced by a single I.P. injection of Streptozotocin (STZ) (50 mg/kg) in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Daily oral imatinib (10 mg/kg) and (20 mg/kg) for 4 weeks induced a significant attenuation in signs of DM in rats reflected in their assessed lab values. Biomarkers of cell injury, tissue necrosis, and apoptosis; caspase-3 were significantly reduced with imatinib treatment. Furthermore, pancreatic antioxidants defenses of which; superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase activities, reduced glutathione (GSH) concentration, and total antioxidant capacity have significantly improved with a simultaneous reduction in malondialdehyde (MDA) content. Histopathologically, imatinib treatment was associated with a minimal pancreatic injury and marked restoration of insulin content in β-cells. Moreover, imatinib treatment revealed a significant reduction in the infiltration of macrophages in β-cells. Imatinib's ameliorative impact on DM may be attributed to it's mediated protection and preservation of pancreatic β-cells function and the improvement in serum insulin levels and hence the improvement of blood glucose and overall glycemic control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud M Samaha
- Dep. of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
| | - Eman Said
- Dep. of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Hatem A Salem
- Dep. of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Krchniakova M, Skoda J, Neradil J, Chlapek P, Veselska R. Repurposing Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors to Overcome Multidrug Resistance in Cancer: A Focus on Transporters and Lysosomal Sequestration. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093157. [PMID: 32365759 PMCID: PMC7247577 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are being increasingly used to treat various malignancies. Although they were designed to target aberrant tyrosine kinases, they are also intimately linked with the mechanisms of multidrug resistance (MDR) in cancer cells. MDR-related solute carrier (SLC) and ATB-binding cassette (ABC) transporters are responsible for TKI uptake and efflux, respectively. However, the role of TKIs appears to be dual because they can act as substrates and/or inhibitors of these transporters. In addition, several TKIs have been identified to be sequestered into lysosomes either due to their physiochemical properties or via ABC transporters expressed on the lysosomal membrane. Since the development of MDR represents a great concern in anticancer treatment, it is important to elucidate the interactions of TKIs with MDR-related transporters as well as to improve the properties that would prevent TKIs from diffusing into lysosomes. These findings not only help to avoid MDR, but also help to define the possible impact of combining TKIs with other anticancer drugs, leading to more efficient therapy and fewer adverse effects in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Krchniakova
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 61137 Brno, Czech Republic; (M.K.); (J.S.); (J.N.); (P.C.)
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne’s University Hospital, 65691 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Skoda
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 61137 Brno, Czech Republic; (M.K.); (J.S.); (J.N.); (P.C.)
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne’s University Hospital, 65691 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Neradil
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 61137 Brno, Czech Republic; (M.K.); (J.S.); (J.N.); (P.C.)
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne’s University Hospital, 65691 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Chlapek
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 61137 Brno, Czech Republic; (M.K.); (J.S.); (J.N.); (P.C.)
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne’s University Hospital, 65691 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Renata Veselska
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 61137 Brno, Czech Republic; (M.K.); (J.S.); (J.N.); (P.C.)
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne’s University Hospital, 65691 Brno, Czech Republic
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +420-549-49-7905
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Lai S, Amabile MI, Mazzaferro S, Mitterhofer AP, Mazzarella A, Galani A, Imbimbo G, Cianci R, Pasquali M, Molfino A. Effects of sunitinib on endothelial dysfunction, metabolic changes, and cardiovascular risk indices in renal cell carcinoma. Cancer Med 2020; 9:3752-3757. [PMID: 32270594 PMCID: PMC7286450 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sunitinib is a standard treatment for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Currently, the data available on the effects of sunitinib on endothelial dysfunction, metabolic changes, and cardiovascular (CV) risk factors are limited, and we aimed to evaluate these aspects in patients with RCC after a short period of treatment. Methods Patients affected by metastatic RCC were enrolled and evaluated before starting sunitinib (T0) and after 40 days of treatment (T1) by the flow‐mediated dilation (FMD), carotid intima media thickness (IMT), ankle‐brachial pressure index (ABI), and 24‐hour proteinuria. We also assessed serum metabolic and nutritional parameters at T0 and T1. Results Twenty patients (7 female), with a mean age of 61.4 ± 12.0 years, were studied. Overtime, we observed a reduction in estimated glomerular filtration rate (P = .002), FMD (P = .001) and in fasting plasma glucose levels (P = .04), as well as an increase in plasma insulin (P < .001), HOMA‐IR (P < .01), and serum total cholesterol levels (P = .01). Moreover at T1 we found a significant increase in systolic and diastolic blood pressure (P ≤ .001) and 24‐hour proteinuria (P < .001) compared to baseline, whereas no changes in IMT and ABI were detected. Conclusion The changes observed overtime after sunitinib treatment in terms of markers of early endothelial dysfunction, blood pressure, as well as in glucose/insulin metabolism and proteinuria may contribute to increase CV risk in RCC patients and suggest a strict follow‐up in this setting. Larger evidences are mandatory to confirm our observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Lai
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Ida Amabile
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Sandro Mazzaferro
- Department of Cardiovascular, Respiratory, Nephrological, Anesthesiology and Geriatric Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Paola Mitterhofer
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Angelo Mazzarella
- Department of Cardiovascular, Respiratory, Nephrological, Anesthesiology and Geriatric Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Galani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Imbimbo
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Rosario Cianci
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Marzia Pasquali
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessio Molfino
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Lee H, Lee YS, Harenda Q, Pietrzak S, Oktay HZ, Schreiber S, Liao Y, Sonthalia S, Ciecko AE, Chen YG, Keles S, Sridharan R, Engin F. Beta Cell Dedifferentiation Induced by IRE1α Deletion Prevents Type 1 Diabetes. Cell Metab 2020; 31:822-836.e5. [PMID: 32220307 PMCID: PMC7346095 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2020.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Immune-mediated destruction of insulin-producing β cells causes type 1 diabetes (T1D). However, how β cells participate in their own destruction during the disease process is poorly understood. Here, we report that modulating the unfolded protein response (UPR) in β cells of non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice by deleting the UPR sensor IRE1α prior to insulitis induced a transient dedifferentiation of β cells, resulting in substantially reduced islet immune cell infiltration and β cell apoptosis. Single-cell and whole-islet transcriptomics analyses of immature β cells revealed remarkably diminished expression of β cell autoantigens and MHC class I components, and upregulation of immune inhibitory markers. IRE1α-deficient mice exhibited significantly fewer cytotoxic CD8+ T cells in their pancreata, and adoptive transfer of their total T cells did not induce diabetes in Rag1-/- mice. Our results indicate that inducing β cell dedifferentiation, prior to insulitis, allows these cells to escape immune-mediated destruction and may be used as a novel preventive strategy for T1D in high-risk individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Lee
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Yong-Syu Lee
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Quincy Harenda
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Stefan Pietrzak
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Hülya Zeynep Oktay
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Sierra Schreiber
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Yian Liao
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Shreyash Sonthalia
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Ashley E Ciecko
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Yi-Guang Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Sunduz Keles
- Department of Biostatistics & Medical Informatics and Department of Statistics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Rupa Sridharan
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Feyza Engin
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA.
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Wang Q, Jiang C, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Yue B, Zheng-Lin B, Zhao Y, Mauro MJ. Cardiovascular mortality among chronic myeloid leukemia patients in the pre-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) and TKI eras: a surveillance, epidemiology and end results (SEER) analysis. Leuk Lymphoma 2020; 61:1147-1157. [PMID: 31985308 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2019.1711074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Despite remarkable efficacy, there is an emerging concern regarding TKI-associated cardiovascular toxicity in CML. Long term follow-up studies on association between TKI therapy and cardiovascular outcome have been limited. CML patients were accessed from the SEER 18 database from 1992 to 2011. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) specific mortality was calculated comparing the pre-TKI era to the TKI era using the Fine-Gray competing risk model. Overall, the TKI era was associated with a reduced cardiovascular mortality compared with the pre-TKI era (HR = 0.72; 95%CI, 0.59-0.89). Our results argue for continued aggressive screening, identification and management of cardiovascular risk factors among all CML patients, especially the elderly, and further investigation into specific mechanisms, factors and predictors of risks in TKI-treated CML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai St. Luke's and Mount Sinai West, New York, NY, USA
| | - Changchuan Jiang
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai St. Luke's and Mount Sinai West, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yaning Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Chinese People's Liberation Army Hospital 307, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Yue
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai St. Luke's and Mount Sinai West, New York, NY, USA
| | - Binbin Zheng-Lin
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai St. Luke's and Mount Sinai West, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yang Zhao
- Division of Cardiology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Michael J Mauro
- Myeloproliferative Neoplasms Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
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The oxidation and hypoglycaemic effect of sorafenib in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Pharmacol Rep 2020; 72:254-259. [PMID: 32016844 PMCID: PMC8187206 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-019-00021-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Diabetes reduces the activity of CYP3A4 and may increase the exposure for the drugs metabolized by the isoenzyme. Sorafenib is a multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), used for the treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma and radioactive iodine resistant thyroid carcinoma. The TKI undergoes CYP3A4-dependent oxidative transformation, which may be influenced by hyperglycaemia. The aim of the study was to compare the oxidation for sorafenib between healthy and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Additionally, the effect of sorafenib on glucose levels was investigated. Methods The rats were assigned to the groups: streptozotocin-induced diabetic (DG, n = 8) or healthy (HG, n = 8). The rats received sorafenib orally as a single dose of 100 mg/kg. The plasma concentrations of sorafenib and its metabolite N-oxide were measured with the validated high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection. Results The difference between groups in Cmax and AUC0−t values for sorafenib were significant (p = 0.0004, p = 0.0104), and similarly for the metabolite (p = 0.0008, p = 0.0011). Greater exposure for the parent drug and analysed metabolite was achieved in diabetic group. However, the Cmax, AUC0−t, and AUC0−∞ ratios between the metabolite and sorafenib were similar in both groups. The significant reduction of glycaemia was observed only in the diabetic animals. Conclusion The findings of the study provide evidence that diabetes significantly influence on the exposition for sorafenib and its metabolite, but similar ratios N-oxide/sorafenib for AUC and Cmax in healthy and diabetic animals suggest that oxidation of the TKI is rather unchanged. Additionally, sorafenib-associated hypoglycaemia was confirmed in diabetic animals.
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Warshauer JT, Bluestone JA, Anderson MS. New Frontiers in the Treatment of Type 1 Diabetes. Cell Metab 2020; 31:46-61. [PMID: 31839487 PMCID: PMC6986815 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2019.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease caused by the immune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells that results in lifelong absolute insulin deficiency. For nearly a century, insulin replacement has been the only therapy for most people living with this disease. Recent advances in technology and our understanding of β cell development, glucose metabolism, and the underlying immune pathogenesis of the disease have led to innovative therapeutic and preventative approaches. A paradigm shift in immunotherapy development toward the targeting of islet-specific immune pathways involved in tolerance has driven the development of therapies that may allow for the prevention or reversal of this disease while avoiding toxicities associated with historical approaches that were broadly immunosuppressive. In this review, we discuss successes, failures, and emerging pharmacological therapies for type 1 diabetes that are changing how we approach this disease, from improving glycemic control to developing the "holy grail" of disease prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy T Warshauer
- Endocrine Division, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Diabetes Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Bluestone
- Diabetes Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA 94129, USA
| | - Mark S Anderson
- Endocrine Division, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Diabetes Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
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Campia U, Moslehi JJ, Amiri-Kordestani L, Barac A, Beckman JA, Chism DD, Cohen P, Groarke JD, Herrmann J, Reilly CM, Weintraub NL. Cardio-Oncology: Vascular and Metabolic Perspectives: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association. Circulation 2019; 139:e579-e602. [PMID: 30786722 DOI: 10.1161/cir.0000000000000641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cardio-oncology has organically developed as a new discipline within cardiovascular medicine as a result of the cardiac and vascular adverse sequelae of the major advances in cancer treatment. Patients with cancer and cancer survivors are at increased risk of vascular disease for a number of reasons. First, many new cancer therapies, including several targeted therapies, are associated with vascular and metabolic complications. Second, cancer itself serves as a risk factor for vascular disease, especially by increasing the risk for thromboembolic events. Finally, recent data suggest that common modifiable and genetic risk factors predispose to both malignancies and cardiovascular disease. Vascular complications in patients with cancer represent a new challenge for the clinician and a new frontier for research and investigation. Indeed, vascular sequelae of novel targeted therapies may provide insights into vascular signaling in humans. Clinically, emerging challenges are best addressed by a multidisciplinary approach in which cardiovascular medicine specialists and vascular biologists work closely with oncologists in the care of patients with cancer and cancer survivors. This novel approach realizes the goal of providing superior care through the creation of cardio-oncology consultative services and the training of a new generation of cardiovascular specialists with a broad understanding of cancer treatments.
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Samaha MM, Said E, Salem HA. Nilotinib enhances β-islets integrity and secretory functions in a rat model of STZ-induced diabetes mellitus. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 860:172569. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Abstract
The novel understanding that the presence of multiple islet autoantibodies, indicating islet autoimmunity, inevitably leads to type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) has necessitated the development of a new staging classification system for the condition. Coupled with an improved understanding of the disease course, the realization that T1DM appears to be more heterogeneous than previously thought has led to unique opportunities to develop more targeted therapies that may be applied even before the onset of dysglycemia or symptoms. To date, several therapies have been trialed to delay or halt disease progression in both presymptomatic and clinical T1DM, each demonstrating varying degrees of effectiveness, toxicity, and utility. Key research supports the eventual implementation of immunotherapy in autoimmune diabetes, potentially calling for a paradigm shift among care providers. It will likely be necessary to develop new approaches to trial design and to address potential barriers to progress before an effective treatment for the disease may be achieved.
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Xu B, Iida Y, Glover KJ, Ge Y, Wang Y, Xuan H, Hu X, Tanaka H, Wang W, Fujimura N, Miyata M, Shoji T, Guo J, Zheng X, Gerritsen M, Kuo C, Michie SA, Dalman RL. Inhibition of VEGF (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor)-A or its Receptor Activity Suppresses Experimental Aneurysm Progression in the Aortic Elastase Infusion Model. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 39:1652-1666. [PMID: 31294623 PMCID: PMC6699755 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.119.312497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We examined the pathogenic significance of VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor)-A in experimental abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) and the translational value of pharmacological VEGF-A or its receptor inhibition in aneurysm suppression. Approaches and Results: AAAs were created in male C57BL/6J mice via intra-aortic elastase infusion. Soluble VEGFR (VEGF receptor)-2 extracellular ligand-binding domain (delivered in Ad [adenovirus]-VEGFR-2), anti-VEGF-A mAb (monoclonal antibody), and sunitinib were used to sequester VEGF-A, neutralize VEGF-A, and inhibit receptor tyrosine kinase activity, respectively. Influences on AAAs were assessed using ultrasonography and histopathology. In vitro transwell migration and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assays were used to assess myeloid cell chemotaxis and mRNA expression, respectively. Abundant VEGF-A mRNA and VEGF-A-positive cells were present in aneurysmal aortae. Sequestration of VEGF-A by Ad-VEGFR-2 prevented AAA formation, with attenuation of medial elastolysis and smooth muscle depletion, mural angiogenesis and monocyte/macrophage infiltration. Treatment with anti-VEGF-A mAb prevented AAA formation without affecting further progression of established AAAs. Sunitinib therapy substantially mitigated both AAA formation and further progression of established AAAs, attenuated aneurysmal aortic MMP2 (matrix metalloproteinase) and MMP9 protein expression, inhibited inflammatory monocyte and neutrophil chemotaxis to VEGF-A, and reduced MMP2, MMP9, and VEGF-A mRNA expression in macrophages and smooth muscle cells in vitro. Additionally, sunitinib treatment reduced circulating monocytes in aneurysmal mice. CONCLUSIONS VEGF-A and its receptors contribute to experimental AAA formation by suppressing mural angiogenesis, MMP and VEGF-A production, myeloid cell chemotaxis, and circulating monocytes. Pharmacological inhibition of receptor tyrosine kinases by sunitinib or related compounds may provide novel opportunities for clinical aneurysm suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baohui Xu
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Yasunori Iida
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Keith J Glover
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Yingbin Ge
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Haojun Xuan
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Xiaolei Hu
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Hiroki Tanaka
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Naoki Fujimura
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Masaaki Miyata
- Department of Cardiology and Hypertension, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
| | - Takahiro Shoji
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jia Guo
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Xiaoya Zheng
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Mary Gerritsen
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Calvin Kuo
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Sara A Michie
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Ronald L Dalman
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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Solouki S, August A, Huang W. Non-receptor tyrosine kinase signaling in autoimmunity and therapeutic implications. Pharmacol Ther 2019; 201:39-50. [PMID: 31082431 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2019.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases are characterized by impaired immune tolerance towards self-antigens, leading to enhanced immunity to self by dysfunctional B cells and/or T cells. The activation of these cells is controlled by non-receptor tyrosine kinases (NRTKs), which are critical mediators of antigen receptor and cytokine receptor signaling pathways. NRTKs transduce, amplify and sustain activating signals that contribute to autoimmunity, and are counter-regulated by protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs). The function of and interaction between NRTKs and PTPs during the development of autoimmunity could be key points of therapeutic interference against autoimmune diseases. In this review, we summarize the current state of knowledge of the functions of NRTKs and PTPs involved in B cell receptor (BCR), T cell receptor (TCR), and cytokine receptor signaling pathways that contribute to autoimmunity, and discuss their targeting for therapeutic approaches against autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Solouki
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Avery August
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
| | - Weishan Huang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.
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